addict_v themselves_o to_o travel_v into_o foreign_a country_n 4_o yet_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n lest_o i_o shall_v seem_v too_o difective_a in_o my_o intendment_n let_v i_o without_o offence_n in_o this_o three_o though_o short_a book_n give_v only_o a_o general_a view_n of_o that_o kingdom_n upon_o observation_n from_o other_o which_o to_o accomplish_v by_o my_o own_o survey_n if_o other_o shall_v hap_v to_o fail_v and_o my_o crazy-aged-body_n will_v give_v leave_n be_v my_o chief_a desire_n know_v the_o island_n furnish_v with_o many_o worthy_a remembrance_n appertain_v both_o unto_o they_o and_o we_o who_o god_n now_o have_v set_v under_o one_o crown_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o their_o more_o southern_a people_n be_v from_o the_o same_o original_a with_o we_o the_o english_a be_v both_o alike_o the_o saxon_a branch_n as_o also_o that_o the_o pict_n ancient_o inhabit_v part_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v the_o inborn_a britain_n and_o such_o as_o thither_o flee_v to_o 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out_o of_o prophyry_n allege_v by_o s._n jerome_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o aurelianus_n the_o emperor_n gildas_n call_v they_o the_o irish-spoiler_n giraldus_n a_o scotish_n nation_n descend_v from_o ireland_n which_o in_o regard_n of_o they_o by_o eginbardus_n be_v term_v the_o i_o will_v of_o scot_n by_o beda_n the_o i_o will_v inhabit_v by_o the_o scot_n and_o by_o other_o historian_n scotland_n the_o great_a as_o their_o seat_n in_o britain_n be_v call_v scotland_n the_o less_o 9_o scotland_n south_n part_n in_o galloway_n wash_v with_o the_o warer_n of_o solway_n bay_n touch_v degree_n 56._o of_o latitude_n and_o thence_o inbosome_a many_a loughes_n and_o in-lets_a upon_o the_o east_n and_o west_n extend_v itself_o unto_o the_o degree_n 60_o and_o 30_o minute_n who_o longitude_n be_v likewise_o lay_v betwixt_o the_o degree_n 13_o and_o 19_o and_o the_o same_o grow_v very_o narrow_a be_v so_o near_o the_o north-pole_n as_o lie_v direct_o under_o the_o hindermost_a star_n of_o the_o 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have_v be_v former_o plant_v in_o this_o uttermost_a province_n be_v testify_v by_o tertuilian_a in_o say_v the_o britain_n have_v embrace_v the_o faith_n far_o than_o the_o roman_n have_v power_n to_o follow_v or_o persecute_v they_o whereupon_o peter_n monk_n of_o 〈◊〉_d spain_n conclude_v their_o conversion_n to_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o southern_a britain_n 14_o but_o touch_v thing_n observable_a for_o the_o present_a sure_o admirable_a be_v the_o report_n of_o the_o plenty_n of_o cattle_n fish_n and_o foul_a there_o abide_v their_o neat_n but_o little_a yet_o many_o in_o number_n fish_v so_o plentiful_a that_o man_n in_o some_o place_n for_o delight_n on_o horseback_n hunt_v salmon_n with_o spear_n and_o a_o certain_a fowl_n which_o some_o call_v soland-geese_n spread_v so_o thick_a in_o the_o air_n that_o they_o even_o darken_v the_o sun_n light_n of_o who_o flesh_n feather_n and_o oil_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o some_o part_n make_v great_a use_n and_o gain_v yea_o and_o 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this_o county_n where_o prince_n of_o state_n have_v bear_v the_o title_n both_o of_o devonshire_n and_o excester_n of_o which_o city_n there_o have_v be_v entitle_v duke_n the_o last_o of_o who_o namely_o henry_n holland_n grandchild_n to_o john_n holland_n half-brother_n to_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o side_v with_o lancaster_n against_o edward_n the_o four_o who_o sister_n be_v his_o wife_n be_v drive_v to_o such_o misery_n as_o philip_n comineus_n report_v that_o he_o be_v see_v all_o tear_a and_o barefooted_a to_o beg_v his_o live_n in_o the_o low_a country_n and_o last_o his_o body_n be_v cast_v upon_o the_o shore_n of_o kent_n as_o if_o he_o have_v perish_v by_o shipwreck_n so_o uncertain_a be_v fortune_n in_o her_o endowment_n and_o the_o state_n of_o man_n notwithstanding_o his_o great_a birth_n 9_o religious_a house_n in_o this_o shire_n build_v in_o devotion_n and_o for_o idolatry_n pull_v down_o be_v at_o excester_n torbay_n tanton_n tavestoke_n kirton_n ford_n hartland_n axmister_n and_o berstable_n cornwall_z chapter_n x._o cornwall_z as_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n affirm_v be_v so_o name_v partly_o from_o the_o form_n and_o partly_o from_o her_o people_n for_o shoot_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n like_o a_o horn_n which_o the_o britain_n call_n kerne_n and_o inhabit_v by_o they_o who_o the_o saxon_n name_v willia_n of_o these_o two_o compound_a word_n it_o become_v cornwallia_n not_o to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o fable_n of_o corineus_n cousin_n to_o king_n brute_n who_o in_o free_a gift_n receive_v this_o county_n in_o reward_n of_o his_o prowess_n for_o wrestle_v with_o the_o grant_n gogmagog_n and_o break_v his_o neck_n from_o the_o cliff_n of_o dever_n as_o â—e_v of_o monmouth_n have_v fabule_v 2_o touch_v the_o temperature_n of_o this_o county_n the_o air_n thereof_o be_v cleanse_v as_o with_o bellows_n by_o the_o billow_n that_o ever_o work_v from_o oâ—t_n she_o environ_v sea_n where_o through_o it_o become_v pure_a 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the_o three_o who_o be_v earl_n of_o cornwall_n and_o by_o those_o tin_n 〈◊〉_d become_v exceed_o rich_a for_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o moâ—res_n have_v stop_v up_o the_o tinne-mine_n 〈◊〉_d and_o they_o in_o germany_n not_o discover_v before_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1240._o these_o in_o cornwall_n 〈…〉_z the_o want_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n this_o earl_n make_v certain_a tinne-lawe_n which_o with_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n be_v confirm_v by_o earl_n edmund_n his_o son_n and_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n edâ—â—â—_n the_o three_o the_o commonweal_n of_o tinne-worke_n from_o one_o body_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o and_o a_o 〈…〉_z of_o the_o stanâ—â—â—rs_n appoint_v than_o judge_n 4_o the_o border_n of_o this_o shire_n on_o all_o part_n but_o the_o east_n be_v bind_v in_o with_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v tame_a 〈◊〉_d his_o course_n but_o four_o mile_n further_o to_o the_o north_n betwixt_o this_o county_n and_o devonshire_n it_o may_v have_v be_v rather_o account_v 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into_o these_o rocky_a part_n than_o do_v cornwall_n abound_v in_o saint_n unto_o who_o honour_n most_o of_o the_o church_n be_v erect_v by_o who_o name_n they_o be_v yet_o know_v and_o call_v to_o speak_v nothing_o of_o ursula_n that_o counties_n duke_n daughter_n with_o her_o company_n of_o canonize_a virgin-saint_n that_o be_v now_o repute_v but_o to_o trouble_v the_o calendar_n these_o britain_n be_v in_o cornwall_n so_o fence_v the_o country_n and_o defend_v themselves_o that_o to_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n athelstant_n they_o hold_v out_o against_o the_o saxon_n who_o subdue_a those_o western_a part_n make_v tamar_n the_o bounder_n betwixt_o they_o and_o his_o english_a who_o last_o earl_n of_o the_o british_a blood_n be_v call_v candorus_n 6_o but_o william_n the_o bastard_n create_v robert_n his_o half-brother_n by_o herlotta_n their_o mother_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o the_o norman_n race_n and_o edward_n the_o black_a prince_n the_o nine_o from_o he_o be_v by_o his_o father_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o invest_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n which_o title_n ever_o since_o have_v continue_v in_o the_o crown_n 7_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o shire_n minister_v both_o by_o sea_n and_o soil_n be_v many_o and_o great_a for_o beside_o the_o abundance_n of_o fish_n that_o do_v suffice_v the_o inhabitant_n the_o pilchard_n be_v take_v who_o in_o great_a skull_n swarm_v about_o the_o coast_n whence_o be_v transport_v to_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n yield_v a_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o gain_n unto_o cornwall_n wherein_o also_o copper_n and_o tin_n so_o plentiful_o grow_v in_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o this_o promontory_n that_o at_o a_o low_a water_n the_o vein_n thereof_o lie_v bare_a and_o be_v see_v and_o what_o gain_n that_o commodity_n beget_v be_v vulgar_o know_v neither_o be_v these_o rock_n destitute_a of_o gold_n nor_o silver_n yea_o and_o diamond_n shape_v and_o point_v angle-wise_a and_o smooth_v by_o nature_n herself_o whereof_o some_o be_v as_o big_a as_o walnut_n inferior_a to_o the_o orient_a only_o in_o blackness_n and_o hardness_n many_o be_v the_o port_n bay_n and_o haven_n that_o open_v into_o this_o shire_n both_o safe_a for_o arrivage_n and_o commodious_a transport_v whereof_o falmouth_n be_v so_o copious_a that_o a_o hundred_o ship_n may_v therein_o ride_v at_o anchor_n apart_o by_o themselves_o so_o that_o from_o the_o top_n of_o their_o high_a mast_n they_o shall_v not_o see_v each_o other_o and_o lie_v most_o safe_o under_o the_o wind_n 8_o this_o county_n be_v fruitful_a in_o corn_n cattle_n sea-fish_n and_o fowl_n all_o which_o with_o other_o provision_n for_o pleasure_n and_o life_n be_v trade_v through_o twentietwo_a market-town_n in_o this_o shire_n whereof_o launston_n and_o bodman_n be_v the_o best_a from_o which_o last_n be_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o shire_n the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n 50_o
the_o only_a university_n then_o in_o europe_n shall_v be_v erect_v school_n for_o the_o hebrew_n greek_a arabic_a and_o chaldean_a tongue_n and_o that_o oxford_n shall_v be_v the_o general_a university_n for_o all_o england_n ireland_n scotland_n and_o wales_n which_o point_n be_v likewise_o of_o such_o weight_n with_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n that_o from_o this_o precedent_n of_o oxford_n university_n it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o english_a nation_n be_v not_o only_o to_o have_v precedence_n of_o spain_n in_o all_o general_n counsel_n but_o be_v also_o to_o be_v hold_v equal_a with_o france_n itself_o by_o which_o high_a prerogative_n this_o of_o we_o have_v always_o so_o flourish_v that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 〈◊〉_d thirty_o thousand_o student_n be_v therein_o resident_a as_o archbishop_n armachanus_fw-la who_o then_o live_v 〈◊〉_d write_v and_o â—…ger_n than_o also_o live_v show_v that_o for_o all_o the_o civil_a war_n which_o hinder_v such_o 〈◊〉_d of_o quiet_a study_n yet_o 15000._o student_n be_v there_o remain_v who_o name_n say_v he_o be_v 〈◊〉_d in_o matricula_fw-la in_o the_o matriculation_n book_n about_o which_o time_n john_n baltol_n the_o father_n of_o baltol_n king_n of_o scot_n build_v a_o college_n yet_o bear_v his_o name_n anno_fw-la 1269._o and_o walter_n merton_n bishop_n of_o rochester_n that_o which_o be_v now_o call_v merton_n college_n both_o of_o they_o beautify_v with_o building_n and_o enrich_v with_o land_n and_o be_v the_o first_o endow_v college_n for_o learning_n in_o all_o christendom_n and_o at_o this_o present_a 〈◊〉_d sixteen_o college_n beside_o another_o new_o build_v with_o eight_o hals_n and_o many_o most_o 〈…〉_z church_n all_o adorn_v with_o most_o stately_a building_n and_o enrich_v with_o great_a endowment_n noble_a library_n and_o most_o learned_a graduate_n of_o all_o profession_n that_o unless_o it_o be_v her_o sister_n cambridge_n the_o other_o nurse_v breast_n of_o this_o land_n the_o like_a be_v not_o sound_v again_o in_o the_o world_n this_o city_n be_v also_o honour_a with_o a_o episcopal_a see_n as_o for_o the_o site_n thereof_o it_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o equator_fw-la in_o the_o degree_n 52._o and_o one_o minute_n and_o from_o the_o west_n by_o mercators_n measure_n 19_o degree_n and_o â—0_n minute_n 8_o as_o this_o county_n be_v happy_a in_o the_o possession_n of_o so_o famous_a a_o academy_n so_o be_v it_o grace_v with_o most_o princely_a palace_n appertain_v to_o the_o english_a crown_n whereof_o woodstock_n be_v the_o most_o ancient_a and_o magnificent_a build_v to_o that_o glory_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o and_o enlarge_v with_o a_o labyrinth_n of_o many_o wind_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o to_o hide_v from_o his_o jealous_a juno_n his_o entire_o belove_a concubine_n rosamond_n clifford_n a_o damsel_n of_o surpass_a beauty_n where_o notwithstanding_o follow_v by_o a_o clew_n of_o silk_n that_o fall_v from_o her_o lap_n she_o be_v surprise_v and_o poison_v by_o queen_n eleanor_n his_o wife_n and_o be_v first_o bury_v at_o godstow_n nunnery_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o choir_n under_o a_o hearse_n of_o silk_n set_v about_o with_o light_n who_o hugh_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n think_v it_o a_o unfit_a object_n for_o virgin_n devotion_n cause_v to_o be_v remove_v into_o the_o church_n yard_n but_o those_o chaste_a sister_n like_v so_o well_o the_o memory_n of_o that_o kind_a lady_n as_o that_o her_o bone_n they_o translate_v again_o into_o their_o chapel_n bensington_n be_v another_o of_o his_o majesty_n manor_n build_v by_o william_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pole_n duke_n of_o suffolk_n but_o now_o in_o neglect_n through_o the_o annoyance_n arise_v from_o the_o water_n or_o marsh_n adjoin_v house_n build_v for_o devotion_n and_o for_o abuse_v suppress_v and_o again_o put_v down_o the_o chief_a in_o account_n be_v enisham_n osney_n bruâ—rn_n godstow_n burchester_n and_o tame_a beside_o s._n frideswides_n and_o very_o many_o other_o stately_a house_n of_o religion_n in_o the_o city_n gloucestershire_n chapter_n xxiii_o gloucestershire_n lie_v border_v upon_o the_o north_n with_o worcester_n and_o warwicke-shire_n upon_o the_o east_n with_o oxford_n and_o wileshire_n upon_o the_o south_n altogether_o with_o sommersetshire_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n with_o the_o river_n wye_n and_o hereford-shire_n 2_o the_o length_n thereof_o extend_v from_o bristol_n upon_o the_o river_n auon_n in_o her_o south_n unto_o clifford_n upon_o another_o auon_n in_o her_o north_n be_v about_o forty_o eight_o mile_n and_o her_o broad_a part_n from_o east_n to_o west_n be_v from_o lechlad_a unto_o preston_n contain_v twenty_o eight_o the_o whole_a circumference_n about_o one_o hundred_o thirty_o eight_o mile_n 3_o the_o form_n whereof_o be_v somewhat_o long_a and_o narrow_a the_o air_n thereof_o be_v pleasant_a sweet_a and_o delectable_a and_o for_o fruitfulness_n of_o soil_n hear_v malmesbury_n and_o not_o i_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o shire_n throughout_o say_v he_o yield_v plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o bring_v forth_o abundance_n of_o fruit_n the_o one_o through_o the_o natural_a goodness_n only_o of_o the_o ground_n the_o other_o through_o the_o diligent_a manure_n and_o tillage_n in_o such_o wise_a that_o it_o will_v provoke_v the_o lazy_a person_n to_o take_v pain_n here_o you_o may_v see_v the_o highway_n and_o common_a lane_n clad_v with_o apple_n tree_n and_o pear_n tree_n not_o ingraft_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o man_n hand_n but_o grow_v natural_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n the_o ground_n of_o itself_o be_v so_o incline_v to_o bear_v fruit_n and_o those_o both_o in_o taste_n and_o beauty_n far_o exceed_v other_o and_o will_v endure_v until_o a_o new_a supply_n come_v there_o be_v not_o any_o country_n in_o england_n so_o thick_o set_v with_o vineyard_n as_o this_o province_n be_v so_o plentiful_a of_o increase_n and_o so_o pleasant_a in_o taste_n the_o very_a wine_n make_v thereof_o carry_v no_o unpleasant_a tartness_n as_o be_v little_a inferior_a in_o sweet_a verdure_n to_o the_o french_a wine_n the_o house_n be_v innumerable_a the_o church_n pass_v fair_a and_o the_o town_n stand_v very_o thick_a but_o that_o which_o add_v unto_o all_o good_a gift_n a_o special_a glory_n be_v the_o river_n severne_n than_o which_o there_o be_v not_o any_o in_o all_o the_o land_n for_o channel_n broad_a for_o stream_n swift_a or_o for_o fish_n better_o store_v there_o be_v in_o it_o a_o daily_a rage_n and_o fury_n of_o water_n which_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o i_o may_v call_v a_o gulf_n or_o whirlepole_n of_o wave_n raise_v up_o the_o sand_n from_o the_o bottom_n wind_a and_o drive_v they_o upon_o heap_n sometime_o overflow_a her_o bank_n roâ—eth_v a_o great_a way_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o her_o border_a ground_n and_o again_o retire_v as_o a_o conqueror_n into_o the_o usual_a channel_n unhappy_a be_v the_o vessel_n which_o it_o take_v full_a upon_o the_o side_n but_o the_o watermen_n well_o wear_v thereof_o when_o they_o see_v that_o hydra_n come_v turn_v the_o vessel_n upon_o it_o and_o cut_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o whereby_o they_o check_v and_o avoid_v her_o violence_n and_o danger_n 4_o the_o ancient_a people_n that_o possess_v this_o province_n be_v the_o dobuni_fw-la who_o spread_v themselves_o further_o into_o oxford_n shire_n but_o betwixt_o the_o severne_n and_o wye_n be_v seat_v part_n of_o silures_n or_o inhabitant_n of_o south_n wales_n and_o upon_o what_o ground_n i_o know_v not_o let_v lawyer_n dispute_v it_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o shire_n enjoy_v a_o private_a custom_n to_o this_o day_n that_o the_o good_n and_o land_n of_o condemn_a person_n fall_v unto_o the_o crown_n but_o only_o for_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n and_o then_o return_v to_o the_o next_o heir_n contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o all_o england_n beside_o 5_o the_o general_a commodity_n of_o this_o shire_n be_v corn_n iron_n and_o wool_n all_o pass_a fine_a beside_o pasturage_n fruit_n and_o wood_n which_o last_o be_v much_o lessen_v by_o make_v of_o iron_n the_o only_a bane_n of_o oak_n elm_n and_o beech._n 6_o these_o with_o all_o other_o provision_n be_v trade_v through_o twenty_o five_o market-town_n in_o this_o county_n whereof_o two_o be_v city_n of_o no_o small_a import_n the_o first_o be_v gloucester_n from_o who_o the_o shire_n take_v name_n seat_v upon_o severne_n near_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o shire_n by_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n call_v glewm_fw-la build_v first_o by_o the_o roman_n and_o set_v as_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o silures_n to_o yoke_v they_o where_o their_o leâ—ion_n call_v colonia_n glewm_fw-la lay_v it_o have_v be_v wall_v about_o except_v that_o part_n that_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o river_n the_o ruin_n whereof_o in_o many_o place_n appear_v and_o some_o part_n yet_o stand_v do_v well_o witness_v their_o strength_n
ocean_n all_o along_o pester_v with_o inlet_n of_o salt_n water_n and_o sand_n which_o be_v neither_o firm_a nor_o safe_a for_o traveller_n as_o those_o in_o the_o south_n prove_v unto_o king_n john_n who_o match_v northward_o from_o norfolk_n against_o his_o disloyal_a baron_n upon_o those_o wash_v 〈…〉_z and_o carriage_n by_o the_o sudden_a return_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o sofenesse_n of_o the_o sand_n 5_o her_o soil_n upon_o the_o west_n and_o north_n be_v abundant_o 〈◊〉_d pleasant_a 〈…〉_z pasturage_n arable_a and_o meadow_a ground_n the_o east_n and_o south_n fenny_a and_o 〈…〉_z barren_a but_o for_o foul_a and_o fish_n exceed_v any_o other_o in_o the_o realm_n wherein_o at_o some_o time_n and_o season_n of_o the_o year_n have_v be_v take_v in_o net_n in_o august_n at_o one_o draught_n above_o three_o thousand_o mallards_n and_o other_o fowl_n of_o the_o like_a kind_n 6_o the_o shire_n commodity_n consist_v chief_o in_o corn_n cattle_n fish_n fowle_n flax_n and_o alabaster_n as_o also_o in_o a_o plaster_n much_o esteem_v of_o by_o the_o roman_n for_o their_o work_n of_o imagery_n and_o whereof_o pliny_n in_o his_o natural_a history_n make_v mention_v and_o the_o astroite_n a_o precious_a stone_n star-like_a point_v with_o five_o beam_n or_o ray_n ancient_o esteem_v for_o their_o virtue_n in_o victory_n upon_o the_o south-west_n of_o this_o county_n near_o beaver_n be_v find_v not_o far_o thence_o in_o our_o father_n memory_n at_o harlaxton_n be_v plough_v up_o a_o brazen_a vessel_n wherein_o be_v enclose_v a_o golden_a helmet_n of_o a_o ancient_a fashion_n set_v with_o precious_a stone_n which_o be_v present_v to_o kathren_n of_o spain_n wife_n and_o dowager_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o 7_o this_o shire_n triumph_v in_o the_o birth_n of_o beauclerke_n king_n henry_n the_o first_o who_o selby_n bring_v forth_o and_o of_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o at_o bullingbrooke_n bear_v but_o may_v as_o just_o lament_v for_o the_o death_n of_o king_n john_n herein_o poison_v by_o sâ—non_o a_o monk_n of_o swynsted_n abbey_n and_o of_o queen_n eleanor_n wife_z to_z king_n edward_z the_o first_o the_o mirror_n of_o wedlock_n and_o love_n to_o the_o commons_o who_o at_o hardby_n near_o bullingbrooke_n his_o birth_n place_n end_v her_o life_n 8_o trade_n and_o commerce_n for_o provision_n of_o life_n be_v vent_v through_o thirty_o one_o market-town_n in_o this_o shire_n whereof_o lincoln_n the_o county_n namer_n be_v chief_a by_o ptolemie_n and_o antonine_n call_v lindum_n by_o beda_n linde-collma_a and_o by_o the_o norman_n nichol._n very_o ancient_a it_o be_v and_o have_v be_v more_o magnifical_a as_o by_o her_o many_o overturn_v ruin_n do_v appear_v and_o far_o more_o populous_a as_o by_o demesdayes_n book_n be_v see_v where_o it_o be_v record_v that_o this_o city_n contain_v a_o thousand_o and_o seven_o mansion_n and_o nine_o hundred_o burgess_n with_o twelve_o lage-man_n have_v sac_n and_o soc._n and_o in_o the_o norman_n time_n say_v malmesbury_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a people_a city_n of_o england_n be_v a_o place_n for_o traffic_n of_o merchandise_n for_o all_o commerce_n by_o land_n or_o sea_n herein_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o ordain_v his_o staple_n for_o the_o mart_n of_o wool_n leather_n and_o lead_v and_o no_o less_o than_o fifty_o parish_n church_n do_v beautify_v the_o same_o but_o now_o contain_v only_o fifteen_o beside_o the_o cathedral_n some_o ruin_n yet_o remain_v both_o of_o friary_n and_o nunnery_n who_o lie_v now_o bury_v in_o their_o own_o ash_n and_o the_o city_n conquer_v not_o by_o war_n but_o by_o time_n and_o very_a age_n and_o yet_o have_v she_o not_o escape_v the_o calamity_n of_o sword_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n whence_o arthur_n enforce_v their_o host_n the_o like_a also_o do_v edmund_n to_o the_o destroy_a dane_n and_o by_o the_o norman_n it_o suffer_v some_o damage_n where_o king_n stephen_n be_v vanquish_v and_o take_v prisoner_n and_o again_o by_o the_o three_o henry_n that_o assault_v and_o win_v it_o from_o his_o rebellious_a baron_n by_o fire_n likewise_o it_o be_v fore_o deface_v wherein_o not_o only_o the_o building_n be_v consume_v but_o withal_o many_o man_n and_o woman_n in_o the_o violence_n thereof_o perish_v as_o also_o by_o a_o earthquake_n her_o foundation_n be_v much_o weaken_v and_o shake_v wherein_o the_o fair_a cathedral_n church_n dedicate_v to_o the_o virgin_n of_o virgin_n be_v rend_v in_o piece_n the_o government_n of_o this_o city_n be_v commit_v yearly_a to_o a_o mayor_n thou_fw-mi sheriff_n twelve_o alderman_n in_o scarlet_a a_o sword_n a_o hat_n of_o estate_n a_o recorder_n sword-bearer_n and_o four_o sergeant_n with_o mace_n who_o situation_n on_o a_o sleep_n hill_n stand_v for_o longitude_n in_o the_o degree_n 20._o 10._o scruple_n the_o pole_n elevate_v for_o latitude_n from_o the_o degree_n 53._o and_o 50._o scruple_n 9_o much_o have_v be_v the_o devotion_n of_o prince_n in_o build_v religious_a house_n in_o this_o county_n as_o at_o crowland_n lincoln_n markeby_n leyborne_n grenfeld_n aluingham_n newnersby_n grymmysby_n newsted_n elsham_n stayâ—feld_n syxhyll_a torkesey_n bryggerd_v thorneholme_n nuncotton_n fosse_n heying_n axholme_n i_o will_v goykewell_n s._n michael_n near_o stamford_n swynâ—shead_n spalding_n kirke_v etc._n etc._n 10_o commotion_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v raise_v the_o eight_o and_o twenty_o of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o where_o twenty_o thousand_o make_v insurrection_n violent_o swear_v certain_a lord_n and_o gentleman_n to_o their_o article_n but_o no_o soon_o they_o hear_v of_o the_o king_n power_n come_v but_o that_o they_o disperse_v themselves_o and_o sue_v for_o pardon_n and_o again_o in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o in_o case_n of_o enclosure_n lincoln_n rise_v in_o seditious_a manner_n as_o do_v they_o of_o cornwall_n devon-shire_n yorkshire_n and_o norfolk_n but_o after_o some_o flaughter_n of_o their_o chief_a man_n be_v reduce_v to_o former_a obedience_n nottinghamshire_n chapter_n xxxii_o nottinghamshire_n from_o nottingham_n her_o chief_a town_n have_v the_o name_n and_o that_o somewhat_o soften_v from_o the_o saxon_n snoddenzaham_n for_o the_o many_o den_n or_o cave_n wrought_v in_o her_o rock_n and_o under_o ground_n lie_v border_v upon_o the_o north_n &_o north_n west_n with_o yorkshire_n upon_o the_o east_n a_o good_a distance_n by_o trent_n be_v part_v from_o and_o with_o lincolnshire_n altogether_o confine_v the_o south_n with_o leicester-shire_n and_o the_o west_n by_o the_o river_n erwash_n be_v separate_v from_o derbyshire_n 2_o for_o form_n long_o and_o ouall-wise_a double_v in_o length_n twice_o her_o breadth_n who_o extreme_n be_v thus_o extend_v and_o distance_n observe_v from_o finingley_n north_n to_o sleanford_n in_o the_o south_n be_v thirty_o eight_o english_a mile_n her_o west_n part_n from_o teversall_a to_o besthorp_n in_o the_o east_n be_v little_o more_o than_o nineteen_o who_o circumference_n draw_v much_o upon_o one_o hundred_o and_o ten_o mile_n 3_o the_o air_n be_v good_a wholesome_a and_o delectable_a the_o soil_n be_v rich_a sandy_a and_o clayie_a as_o by_o the_o name_n of_o that_o county_n division_n may_v appear_v and_o sure_o for_o corn_n and_o grass_n so_o fruitful_a that_o it_o second_v any_o other_o in_o the_o realm_n and_o for_o water_n wood_n and_o canell_n coal_n abundant_o store_v 4_o therein_o grow_v a_o stone_n soft_a than_o alabaster_n but_o be_v burn_v make_v a_o plaster_n hard_a than_o that_o of_o paris_n wherewith_o they_o flower_v their_o upper_a room_n for_o betwixt_o the_o joyst_n they_o lay_v only_o long_a bulrush_n and_o thereon_o spread_v this_o plaster_n which_o be_v thorough_o dry_a become_v most_o solid_a and_o hard_a so_o that_o it_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v firm_a stone_n then_o mortar_n and_o be_v tread_v upon_o without_o all_o danger_n in_o the_o west_n near_o worksop_n grow_v plenty_n of_o liquorice_n very_o delicious_a and_o good_a 5_o more_o south_n in_o this_o shire_n at_o stoke_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o a_o great_a battle_n be_v fight_v by_o john_n de-la-pole_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n which_o richard_n the_o usurper_n have_v declare_v his_o heir_n apparent_a but_o richard_n lose_v his_o life_n and_o de-la_a pole_n his_o hope_n in_o seek_v here_o to_o set_v up_o a_o lambert_n fall_v down_o himself_o and_o at_o newarke_n after_o many_o trouble_v king_n john_n get_v his_o peace_n with_o the_o end_n of_o his_o life_n 6_o trade_n and_o commerce_n for_o the_o county_n provision_n be_v frequent_v in_o eight_o market-town_n in_o this_o shire_n whereof_o nottingham_n be_v both_o the_o great_a and_o best_a a_o town_n seat_v most_o pleasant_a and_o delicate_a upon_o a_o high_a hill_n for_o building_n stately_a and_o number_n of_o fair_a street_n surpass_v and_o surmount_v many_o other_o city_n and_o for_o a_o spacious_a and_o most_o fair_a
west_n have_v not_o obstinate_o cease_v from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o flash_n and_o mangle_v it_o and_o with_o his_o fell_a eruption_n and_o boisterous_a tide_n to_o decoure_v it_o another_o thing_n there_o be_v not_o unworthy_a to_o be_v recommend_v to_o memory_n that_o in_o this_o shire_n not_o far_o from_o fournesse_n fellâ—s_n the_o great_a stand_a water_n in_o all_o england_n call_v winander-mere_a lie_v stretch_v out_o for_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o mile_n of_o wonderful_a depth_n and_o all_o pave_a with_o stone_n in_o the_o bottom_n and_o along_o the_o seaside_n in_o many_o place_n may_v be_v see_v heap_n of_o sand_n upon_o which_o the_o people_n power_n water_n until_o it_o recover_v a_o 〈◊〉_d humour_n which_o they_o afterward_o boil_v with_o turf_n till_o it_o become_v white_a salt_n 8_o this_o country_n as_o it_o be_v thus_o on_o the_o one_o side_n free_v by_o the_o natural_a resistance_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o force_n of_o invasion_n so_o be_v it_o strengthen_v on_o the_o other_o by_o many_o castle_n and_o fortify_v place_n that_o take_v away_o the_o opportunity_n of_o make_v road_n and_o incursion_n in_o the_o country_n and_o as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o first_o that_o feel_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o saxon_n cruelty_n so_o be_v it_o the_o last_o and_o long_a that_o be_v subdue_v under_o the_o westsaxon_n monarchy_n 9_o in_o this_o province_n our_o noble_a arthur_n who_o die_v lade_v with_o many_o trophic_n of_o honour_n be_v report_v by_o ninius_n to_o have_v put_v the_o saxon_n to_o flight_n in_o a_o memorable_a battle_n near_o duglasse_n a_o little_a brook_n not_o far_o from_o the_o town_n of_o wiggin_n but_o the_o attempt_n of_o war_n as_o they_o be_v several_a so_o they_o be_v uncertain_a for_o they_o make_v not_o duke_n wade_v happy_a in_o his_o success_n but_o return_v he_o a_o unfortunate_a unterpriser_n in_o the_o battle_n which_o he_o give_v to_o arduiph_n king_n of_o northumberland_n at_o billangho_n in_o the_o year_n 798_o so_o be_v the_o event_n uncertain_a in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n for_o by_o they_o be_v breed_v and_o bring_v forth_o that_o bloody_a division_n and_o fatal_a strife_n of_o the_o noble_a house_n that_o with_o variable_a success_n to_o both_o party_n for_o many_o year_n together_o molest_v the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o land_n and_o defile_v the_o earth_n with_o blood_n in_o such_o violent_a manner_n that_o it_o exceed_v the_o horror_n of_o those_o civil_a war_n in_o rome_n that_o be_v betwixt_o mariuâ—_n and_o scylla_n pompey_n and_o caesar_n octavius_n and_o antony_n or_o that_o of_o the_o two_o renown_a house_n valois_n and_o eurbon_n that_o a_o long_a time_n trouble_v the_o state_n of_o france_n for_o in_o the_o division_n of_o these_o two_o princely_a family_n there_o be_v thirteen_o field_n seek_v and_o three_o king_n of_o england_n one_o prince_n of_o wales_n twelve_o duke_n one_o marquis_n eighteen_o earl_n one_o viscount_n and_o three_o and_o twenty_o baron_n beside_o knight_n and_o gentleman_n lose_v their_o life_n in_o the_o same_o yet_o at_o last_o by_o the_o happy_a marriage_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o england_n next_o heir_n to_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n with_o elizabeth_z daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o edward_n the_o four_o of_o the_o house_n of_o york_n the_o white_a and_o red_a rose_n be_v conjoin_v in_o the_o happy_a unite_n of_o those_o two_o divide_a family_n from_o whence_o our_o thrice_o renown_a sovereign_n lord_n king_n james_n by_o fair_a sequence_n and_o succession_n do_v worthy_o enjoy_v the_o diadem_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o who_o happy_a government_n this_o county_n palatine_n of_o lancaster_n be_v prosperous_a in_o her_o name_n and_o greatness_n yorkshire_n chapter_n xxxviii_o as_o the_o course_n and_o confluent_n of_o great_a river_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n fresh_a in_o memory_n though_o their_o head_n and_o fountain_n lie_v common_o unknown_a so_o the_o latter_a knowledge_n of_o great_a region_n be_v not_o traduce_v to_o oblivion_n though_o perhaps_o their_o first_o original_n be_v obscure_a by_o reason_n of_o antiquity_n and_o the_o many_o revolution_n of_o time_n and_o age_n in_o the_o delineation_n therefore_o of_o this_o great_a province_n of_o yorkshire_n i_o will_v not_o insist_v upon_o the_o narration_n of_o matter_n near_o unto_o we_o but_o succinct_o run_v over_o such_o as_o be_v more_o remote_a yet_o neither_o so_o spare_o as_o i_o may_v seem_v to_o diminish_v from_o the_o dignity_n of_o so_o worthy_a a_o country_n nor_o so_o prodigal_o as_o to_o spend_v time_n in_o the_o superfluous_a praise_v of_o that_o which_o never_o any_o as_o yet_o dispraise_v and_o although_o perhaps_o it_o may_v seem_v a_o labour_n unnecessary_a to_o make_v relation_n of_o ancient_a remembrance_n either_o of_o the_o name_n or_o nature_n of_o this_o nation_n especial_o look_v into_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n itself_o which_o in_o every_o age_n bring_v forth_o diverse_a effect_n and_o the_o disposition_n of_o man_n that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n take_v less_o pleasure_n in_o they_o then_o in_o divulge_v the_o occurrent_n of_o their_o own_o time_n yet_o i_o hold_v it_o not_o unfit_a to_o begin_v there_o from_o whence_o the_o first_o certain_a direction_n be_v give_v to_o proceed_v for_o even_o of_o these_o ancient_a thing_n there_o may_v be_v good_a use_n make_v eitherby_o imitation_n or_o way_n of_o comparison_n as_o neither_o the_o repetition_n nor_o the_o repetition_n thereof_o shall_v be_v account_v impertinent_a 2_o you_o shall_v therefore_o understand_v that_o the_o county_n of_o york_n be_v in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n call_v ebona-yeyne_a and_o now_o common_o yorkshire_n far_o great_a and_o more_o numerous_a in_o the_o circuit_n of_o her_o mile_n than_o any_o shire_n of_o england_n she_o be_v much_o bind_v to_o the_o singular_a love_n and_o motherly_a caâ—â—_n of_o nature_n in_o place_v she_o under_o so_o temperate_a a_o clime_n that_o in_o every_o measure_n she_o be_v 〈…〉_z if_o one_o part_n of_o she_o be_v stony_a and_o a_o sandy_a barren_a ground_n another_o be_v fertile_a and_o rich_o adorn_v with_o corne-field_n if_o you_o here_o find_v it_o naked_a and_o destitute_a of_o wood_n you_o shall_v see_v it_o there_o shadow_v with_o forest_n full_a of_o tree_n that_o have_v very_o thick_a 〈◊〉_d send_v forth_o many_o fruitful_a and_o profitable_a branch_n if_o one_o place_n of_o it_o be_v moorish_a miry_a and_o unpleasant_a another_o make_v a_o free_a tender_a of_o delight_n and_o present_v itself_o to_o the_o eye_n full_a of_o beauty_n and_o contentive_a variety_n 3_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n front_v she_o on_o the_o north-side_n and_o be_v separate_v by_o a_o continue_a course_n of_o the_o river_n tees_n the_o german_a sea_n lie_v sore_o upon_o she_o bast_n side_n beat_v the_o shore_n with_o her_o boisterous_a wave_n and_o billow_n the_o west_n part_n be_v bound_v with_o lancashire_n and_o westmoreland_n the_o southside_n have_v cheshire_n and_o darbishire_n friendly_a neighbour_n unto_o she_o with_o the_o which_o she_o be_v first_o enclose_v then_o with_o nottingham_n and_o with_o lincolne-shire_n after_o divide_a with_o that_o famous_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n humber_n into_o which_o all_o the_o river_n that_o water_n this_o country_n empty_a themselves_o and_o pay_v their_o ordinary_a tribute_n as_o into_o the_o common_a receptacle_n and_o store-house_n of_o neptune_n for_o all_o the_o watery_a pension_n of_o this_o province_n 4_o this_o whole_a shire_n be_v of_o itself_o so_o spacious_a for_o the_o more_o easy_a and_o better_a order_n of_o her_o civil_a government_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n which_o according_a to_o three_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n be_v call_v the_o west-riding_a the_o eastriding_a and_o the_o northriding_a west-riding_a be_v for_o a_o good_a space_n compass_v with_o the_o river_n ouse_n with_o the_o bound_n of_o lancashire_n and_o with_o the_o south_n limit_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o bear_v towards_o the_o west_n and_o south_n eastriding_a bend_v itself_o to_o the_o ocean_n with_o the_o which_o and_o with_o the_o river_n derment_n she_o be_v enclose_v and_o look_n into_o that_o part_n where_o the_o sun_n rise_v and_o show_v forth_o his_o beam_n make_v the_o world_n both_o glad_a and_o glorious_a in_o his_o brightness_n northriding_a extend_v itself_o northward_o 〈◊〉_d in_o as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o river_n tees_n and_o derwent_n and_o a_o long_a race_n of_o the_o river_n ouse_n the_o length_n of_o this_o shire_n extend_v from_o haâ—thill_n in_o the_o south_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o tee_n in_o the_o north_n be_v near_o unto_o seventy_o mile_n the_o breadth_n from_o flambroughhead_n to_o horn-castle_n upon_o the_o river_n 〈◊〉_d be_v fourscore_o mile_n the_o whole_a circumference_n be_v three_o hundred_o and_o eight_o mile_n 5_o the_o soil_n of_o this_o county_n for_o the_o
certain_a vault_n or_o little_a chapel_n under_o the_o ground_n wherein_o he_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v bury_v may_v beget_v much_o wonder_n and_o admiration_n but_o that_o l._n zius_n confirm_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n they_o have_v a_o custom_n to_o preserve_v light_n in_o sepulcher_n by_o a_o artificial_a resolve_v of_o gold_n into_o a_o liquid_a and_o farry_a substance_n which_o shall_v continue_v brune_v a_o long_a time_n and_o for_o many_o age_n together_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n chapter_n thirty-nine_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n contain_v those_o part_n and_o township_n that_o 〈…〉_z the_o rever_n tees_n and_o derwent_n and_o all_o along_o the_o german-sea_n 〈…〉_z on_o the_o north_n witâ—_n northumberland_n and_o their_o jurisdiction_n part_v by_o the_o 〈…〉_z touch_v by_o cumberland_n westmoreland_n and_o from_o 〈…〉_z river_n tees_n and_o by_o the_o same_o water_n on_o her_o south_n from_o yorkshire_n 〈…〉_z by_o the_o german-sea_n 2_o the_o form_n thereof_o be_v triangle_n 〈…〉_z for_o from_o her_o south_n 〈◊〉_d unto_o the_o west-point_n be_v about_o thirty_o mile_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o north-east_n and_o 〈…〉_z be_v likewise_o as_o many_o and_o her_o base_a along_o the_o seashore_n be_v twenty_o 〈…〉_z circumference_n about_o one_o hundred_o and_o three_o mile_n 3_o the_o air_n be_v sharp_a and_o very_a pierce_a and_o will_v be_v more_o 〈◊〉_d not_o that_o the_o 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o german-sea_n do_v help_n much_o to_o dissolve_v 〈◊〉_d and_o snow_n and_o the_o store_n of_o coal_n therein_o grow_v and_o get_v do_v warm_v the_o body_n and_o keep_v back_o the_o cold_a which_o 〈…〉_z beside_o their_o own_o use_n do_v yield_v great_a commodity_n unto_o this_o province_n by_o trade_n thereof_o 〈◊〉_d other_o part_n 4_o for_o soil_n it_o consist_v much_o alike_o of_o pasture_n 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d ground_n the_o east_n be_v the_o rich_a and_o most_o champion_n the_o south_n more_o moorish_a but_o 〈…〉_z without_o either_o grass_n or_o grain_n notwithstanding_o 〈…〉_z with_o as_o great_a gain_n both_o in_o rear_v up_o cattle_n and_o 〈…〉_z grow_v so_o near_o to_o the_o upper_a 〈…〉_z wheel_n do_v turn_v up_o the_o same_o some_o hold_v their_o substance_n to_o be_v a_o clammy_a kind_n of_o clay_n harden_v with_o heat_n abound_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o become_v concoct_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o bitumen_n for_o proof_n whereof_o these_o coal_n have_v both_o the_o like_a smell_n and_o operation_n of_o bitumen_n for_o be_v sprinkle_v with_o water_n they_o burn_v more_o vehement_o but_o with_o oil_n be_v quite_o extinguish_v and_o put_v out_o 5_o the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n know_v unto_o ptolemie_n be_v the_o brigantes_n of_o who_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o general_n of_o yorkshire_n they_o be_v subdue_v by_o the_o romans_n after_o who_o the_o saxon_n make_v it_o a_o part_n of_o their_o northumberland_n kingdom_n at_o first_o a_o province_n belong_v to_o the_o deirian_o and_o enjoy_v by_o ella_n their_o first_o king_n afterward_o invade_v by_o the_o dane_n and_o last_o possess_v by_o the_o norman_n who_o site_n be_v so_o near_o unto_o scotland_n have_v many_o time_n feel_v their_o fury_n and_o have_v be_v as_o a_o buckler_n betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o english_a for_o which_o cause_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v certain_a freedom_n and_o be_v not_o charge_v with_o service_n as_o other_o county_n be_v so_o that_o this_o with_o westmoreland_n cumberland_n and_o northumberland_n be_v not_o divide_v into_o hundred_o in_o those_o parliament_n roll_n whence_o i_o have_v the_o rest_n which_o want_v i_o must_v leave_v for_o other_o to_o supply_v 6_o over_o this_o county_n the_o bishop_n thereof_o have_v have_v the_o royalty_n of_o prince_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v plead_v privilege_n not_o to_o pass_v in_o service_n of_o war_n over_o the_o river_n of_o tees_n or_o tyne_n who_o charge_n as_o they_o have_v allege_v be_v to_o keep_v and_o defend_v the_o corpse_n of_o s_o cuthbert_n their_o great_a adore_a saint_n and_o therefore_o they_o term_v themselves_o the_o holy-werk-folke_n and_o the_o repute_n of_o this_o cuthbert_n and_o his_o suppose_a defence_n against_o the_o scot_n be_v such_o that_o our_o english_a king_n in_o great_a devotion_n have_v go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o visit_v his_o tomb_n and_o have_v give_v many_o large_a possession_n to_o his_o church_n such_o be_v king_n egfred_n aelfred_n and_o guthrun_n the_o dane_n edward_n and_o athelstan_n monarch_n of_o england_n and_o zealous_a cannte_n the_o great_a of_o all_o who_o come_v thither_o barefooted_a and_o at_o cuthberts_n tomb_n both_o augment_v and_o confirm_v their_o liberty_n this_o saint_n then_o of_o nothing_o make_v durham_n become_v great_a and_o william_n the_o conqueror_n of_o a_o bishopric_n make_v it_o a_o county_n palatine_n at_o that_o time_n william_n careleph_n bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n pull_v down_o the_o old_a church_n which_o aldwin_n have_v build_v and_o with_o sumptuous_a cost_n 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piece_n those_o place_n herein_o erect_v under_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o such_o be_v durham_n sherborne_n stayndrâ—p_n jarro_n â—eremouth_n and_o egleton_n all_o which_o feel_v the_o reward_n of_o their_o idleness_n and_o wrath_n of_o he_o that_o be_v jealous_a of_o his_o own_o honour_n 7_o thing_n of_o rare_a note_n observe_v in_o this_o shire_n be_v three_o pit_n of_o a_o wonderful_a depth_n common_o call_v the_o hell-kettle_n which_o be_v adjoin_v near_o unto_o darlington_n who_o water_n be_v some_o what_o warm_a these_o be_v think_v to_o come_v of_o a_o earthquake_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 1179._o whereof_o the_o chrenicle_n of_o tin-mouth_n make_v mention_v who_o record_n be_v this_o on_o christmas_n day_n at_o oxeâ—hall_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o darlington_n within_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n the_o ground_n heave_v up_o aloft_o like_v unto_o a_o high_a tower_n 〈…〉_z all_o that_o day_n as_o it_o be_v unmoveable_a until_o the_o evening_n 〈◊〉_d than_o fall_v with_o so_o horrible_a a_o noise_n that_o it_o make_v all_o the_o neighbour_n dweller_n sore_o afraid_a and_o the_o earth_n swallow_v it_o up_o and_o make_v in_o the_o same_o place_n a_o deep_a pit_n which_o be_v there_o to_o be_v see_v for_o a_o testimony_n unto_o this_o day_n 8_o of_o no_o less_o admiration_n be_v certain_a stone_n lie_v within_o the_o river_n be_v at_o butterbre_n near_o durham_n from_o who_o side_n at_o the_o ebb_n and_o low_a water_n in_o the_o summer_n issue_v a_o certain_a salt_n red_a water_n which_o with_o the_o sun_n wax_v white_a and_o grow_v into_o a_o thick_a substance_n become_v a_o necessary_a salâ—_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o by-dweller_n 9_o and_o place_n of_o elder_a time_n have_v in_o aâ—rount_n by_o the_o roman_n be_v benonium_fw-la now_o binchester_n and_o câ—ndereum_n chester_n in_o the_o street_n where_o their_o money_n have_v be_v dig_v up_o and_o at_o codercuâ—â—_n so_o much_o that_o egelrik_n bishop_n of_o 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which_o be_v see_v to_o rack_n much_o low_a than_o the_o top_n of_o that_o hill_n as_o strange_a tale_n be_v tell_v of_o the_o mere_a llynsavathan_n two_o mile_n by_o east_n from_o breknock_n which_o at_o the_o break_n of_o her_o freeze_a iâ—e_n make_v a_o fearful_a sound_n like_o unto_o thunder_n in_o which_o place_n as_o be_v report_v sometime_o stand_v affair_n city_n which_o be_v swallow_v up_o in_o a_o earthquake_n and_o resign_v her_o stonewall_n unto_o this_o deep_a and_o 〈◊〉_d water_n whither_o unto_o this_o day_n lead_v all_o the_o way_n in_o this_o shire_n which_o as_o leâ—â—â—ed_o cambdinâ—â—â—ctureth_v â—â—ctureth_z may_v be_v that_o loventrium_fw-la which_o ptolemy_n in_o this_o tract_n place_v and_o the_o most_o confirm_a 〈…〉_z name_n adjoin_v be_v also_o call_v levenny_n which_o river_n also_o pass_v through_o this_o 〈…〉_z the_o same_o stream_n and_o no_o great_a than_o wherewith_o she_o first_o enter_v in_o 5_o the_o town_n for_o commerce_n be_v hay_n bealt_v and_o breknock_n two_o of_o they_o unfortunate_a of_o their_o former_a greatness_n who_o war_n and_o sedition_n have_v deface_v aâ—_n lest_o down_o hay_o upon_o wye_n and_o dulas_n pleasant_a for_o situation_n in_o the_o rebellion_n of_o owen_n glendowerâ—_n 〈◊〉_d be_v diswal_v depopulate_v and_o burn_v in_o who_o foundation_n for_o new_a repair_v many_o roman_a coin_n have_v be_v find_v and_o thereby_o think_v to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o their_o legion_n and_o buelth_n now_o bealt_v though_o of_o good_a frequency_n yet_o not_o so_o great_a as_o when_o ptolemie_n observe_v her_o position_n for_o graduation_n who_o call_v it_o buleum_fw-la silurum_fw-la neither_o when_o it_o with_o the_o country_n be_v possess_v by_o aurelius_n ambrose_n by_o who_o permission_n pascentius_n the_o son_n of_o vortiger_n rule_v all_o as_o ninius_n write_v nor_o yet_o as_o of_o late_a time_n when_o leolin_n the_o last_o prince_n of_o the_o britain_n be_v therein_o betray_v and_o slay_v 6_o breknock_n the_o shire-towne_n for_o building_n and_o beauty_n retain_v a_o better_a regard_n who_o wall_n in_o ouall-wise_a be_v both_o strong_a and_o of_o good_a repair_n have_v three_o gate_n for_o entrance_n with_o ten_o tower_n for_o defence_n and_o be_v in_o circuit_n six_o hundred_o and_o fortiepace_n about_o upon_o who_o west_n part_v a_o most_o sumptuous_a and_o stately_a castle_n be_v seat_v the_o like_a whereof_o be_v not_o common_o see_v who_o decay_n approach_v do_v increase_v her_o ruin_n daily_o and_o in_o the_o end_n be_v fear_v will_v be_v her_o fall_n this_o town_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o meeting_n of_o two_o river_n houthy_n and_o vske_n who_o yearly_a government_n be_v commit_v to_o two_o bailiff_n fifteen_o alderman_n two_o chamberlain_n two_o constable_n a_o town-clerk_n and_o two_o sergeant_n their_o attendant_n have_v the_o pole_n elevation_n in_o 52_o 21._o minute_n of_o latitude_n and_o for_o longitude_n be_v place_v in_o the_o 16._o and_o 32._o minute_n as_o the_o mathematician_n do_v measure_v they_o 7_o this_o shire_n be_v strengthen_v with_o â—ine_o castle_n divide_v into_o six_o hundred_o wherein_o be_v seat_v three_o market-town_n and_o fifty_o 〈◊〉_d parish-church_n cardigan-shire_n chapter_n v._n cardigan-shire_n in_o the_o welsh_a call_v sire_n aber-tivi_a be_v part_v on_o the_o north_n from_o merioneth-shire_n with_o the_o river_n dovi_fw-la by_o the_o plinillimon_n hill_n from_o montgomery-shire_n in_o part_n of_o her_o east_n and_o the_o rest_n from_o breknock-shire_n with_o the_o water_n towy_a and_o with_o tyvy_n altogether_o on_o the_o south_n from_o caermardenshire_n the_o west_n be_v whole_o wash_v with_o the_o irish_a sea_n 2_o the_o form_n thereof_o be_v horne-like_a bow_v compass_n long_o and_o narrow_a and_o grow_v wide_o still_o towards_o the_o north_n so_o that_o from_o cardigan_n the_o shire-towne_n and_o uttermost_a point_n in_o the_o south_n unto_o the_o river_n dovi_fw-la her_o far_a north_n bounder_n be_v thirty_o two_o mile_n and_o from_o the_o head_n of_o carwen_n in_o the_o east_n to_o aberysthwyth_n on_o her_o west_n the_o broad_a part_n in_o the_o shire_n be_v only_o fifteen_o the_o whole_a in_o circumference_n be_v one_o hundred_o and_o three_o mile_n 3_o the_o air_n be_v open_a and_o somewhat_o pierce_v the_o soil_n be_v hilly_a and_o wales-like_a uneven_a yet_o more_o plain_a and_o champion_n towards_o the_o sea_n then_o in_o the_o east_n or_o north_n of_o the_o land_n for_o beside_o that_o great_a and_o high_a hill_n call_v plinilâ—â—on_n a_o continual_a range_n of_o lesser_a do_v shoot_v along_o yield_v in_o their_o valley_n both_o goodly_a rich_a pasture_n and_o very_o large_a pool_n which_o be_v assist_v with_o spring_n from_o the_o rock_n do_v branch_n themselves_o as_o vein_n in_o the_o bodâ—_n 〈◊〉_d make_v fruitful_a their_o passage_n unto_o the_o sea_n in_o tyvy_n one_o of_o these_o as_o giraldus_n 〈…〉_z beaver_n have_v be_v find_v a_o creature_n live_v both_o by_o land_n and_o water_n who_o stone_n the_o 〈…〉_z in_o great_a price_n his_o forefoot_n be_v like_a unto_o a_o dog_n but_o the_o hinder_v whole_a skin_n as_o be_v the_o 〈…〉_z the_o dogge-like_a serve_v he_o on_o shore_n for_o to_o run_v and_o the_o goose-like_a as_o oraes_n give_v he_o swift_a 〈◊〉_d in_o swim_v this_o tail_n broad_a and_o grist_o he_o use_v as_o a_o stern_a wherewith_o on_o the_o sudden_a 〈◊〉_d divert_v his_o swift_a float_a course_n but_o this_o creature_n in_o these_o part_v a_o long_a time_n have_v not_o be_v see_v who_o room_n we_o may_v well_o say_v the_o salmon_n have_v possess_v who_o still_o covet_v into_o fresh_a water_n rivers_n at_o their_o downright_a fall_n use_v this_o policy_n he_o bend_v himself_o backward_o and_o take_v his_o tail_n in_o his_o mouth_n and_o with_o all_o his_o strength_n unloose_v his_o circle_n on_o the_o sudden_a as_o a_o lath_n let_v go_v mount_v up_o before_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o stream_n whereupon_o such_o water-falles_a be_v call_v the_o salmon_n leap_n and_o in_o these_o river_n many_o such_o salmon_n be_v catch_v 4_o the_o commodity_n of_o this_o shire_n chief_o consist_v in_o cattle_n sea-sowle_n and_o fish_n corn_n sufficient_a but_o of_o wood_n some_o scarcity_n and_o at_o the_o head_n of_o istwyd_n be_v certain_a vein_n of_o lead_n a_o merchandise_n of_o no_o mean_a regard_n or_o wealth_n 5_o the_o ancient_a people_n that_o possess_v this_o province_n be_v the_o dimetae_n by_o ptolemie_n branch_v through_o the_o tract_n of_o caermarden_n pembroke_n and_o this_o shire_n who_o in_o their_o struggle_n against_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o a_o little_a rely_v upon_o caractacus_n their_o most_o warlike_a king_n from_o who_o name_n though_o unlikely_a some_o will_v have_v the_o shire_n call_v cardigan_n yet_o last_o feel_v the_o fortune_n of_o subjection_n with_o the_o rest_n when_o julius_n frontinus_n war_v with_o these_o mountain_n scarce_o have_v the_o norman_n settle_v their_o kingdom_n in_o britain_n but_o that_o they_o assail_v this_o county_n as_o well_o to_o enjoy_v so_o far_o a_o possession_n as_o to_o secure_v those_o sea_n from_o any_o invasion_n against_o they_o so_o that_o rufus_n first_o wrest_v from_o the_o welshman_n the_o maritime_a coast_n and_o henry_n the_o first_o give_v the_o whole_a county_n to_o gilbert_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 6_o this_o giâ—bert_n fortify_v 〈◊〉_d the_o shire-towne_n with_o a_o wall_n and_o strong_a castle_n who_o age_a lineament_n do_v to_o this_o day_n 〈…〉_z industry_n both_o of_o nature_n and_o art_n for_o the_o town_n be_v seat_v upon_o a_o steep_a bank_n her_o south_n 〈◊〉_d guard_v with_o the_o deep_a river_n tyny_n and_o passable_a no_o way_n but_o by_o a_o bridge_n under_o the_o castle_n they_o 〈◊〉_d take_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o rise_a rock_n and_o circulate_v the_o town_n even_o round_o about_o the_o castle_n be_v â—â—â—gher_a build_v upon_o a_o rock_n both_o spacious_a and_o fair_a have_v not_o storm_n impair_v her_o beauty_n and_o time_n 〈◊〉_d her_o carcase_n a_o very_a anatomy_n the_o wall_n range_v as_o thou_o see_v and_o be_v indifferent_a for_o repair_v have_v three_o way_n for_o entrance_n and_o contain_v in_o compass_n six_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o pase_n who_o position_n for_o latitude_n be_v set_v in_o the_o degree_n 52._o 33_o minute_n from_o the_o north-pole_n and_o for_o longitude_n from_o the_o first_o west-point_n by_o mercator_n in_o the_o degree_n 15._o and_o 10._o minute_n 7_o this_o shire_n as_o it_o be_v little_a in_o circuit_n so_o according_o be_v besprinkle_v with_o township_n whereof_o four_o only_o have_v the_o trade_n of_o market_n neither_o find_v i_o other_o remembrance_n of_o religious_a foundation_n but_o at_o cardigan_n istradfleet_n and_o at_o llan-badern-vaur_a where_o sometime_o be_v seat_v a_o episcopal_a see_v which_o as_o hoveden_n write_v be_v decay_v many_o year_n since_o when_o the_o people_n have_v wicked_o slay_v their_o pastor_n and_o yet_o llan-devi-brevi_a build_v
fortify_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o castle_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n rufus_n when_o he_o and_o his_o norman_a knight_n have_v overcome_v rhese_n the_o prince_n of_o these_o part_n and_o thrust_v out_o jestine_a from_o his_o lawful_a possession_n this_o town_n he_o make_v his_o own_o seat_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n enjoin_v his_o consort_n to_o give_v aid_n to_o this_o honour_n and_o to_o hold_v their_o portion_n in_o vassalage_n of_o he_o strong_a be_v the_o castle_n as_o by_o the_o trust_n therein_o repose_v may_v well_o appear_v where_o the_o young_a brother_n beautlark_n keep_v captive_a the_o elder_a curthose_n both_o of_o they_o son_n to_o the_o conqueror_n the_o space_n of_o twenty_o six_o year_n this_o castle_n be_v large_a and_o in_o good_a repair_n whence_o the_o town-wall_n go_v both_o south_n and_o east_n to_o the_o river_n side_n through_o which_o four_o gate_n enter_v into_o the_o four_o wind_n and_o contain_v in_o compass_n nine_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pase_n and_o along_o the_o river_n a_o sure_a defence_n upon_o her_o west_n side_n three_o hundred_o more_o so_o that_o the_o town_n contain_v in_o circuit_n twelve_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o pase_n but_o as_o the_o tave_n be_v a_o friend_n to_o the_o town_n in_o make_v a_o key_n for_o arrivage_n of_o ship_v so_o be_v she_o a_o foe_n to_o s._n mary_n church_n in_o the_o south_n with_o undermine_v her_o foundation_n and_o threaten_v her_o fall_n the_o town_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n yearly_a elect_v out_o of_o twelve_o alderman_n assist_v with_o other_o twelve_o burgess_n a_o town-clerk_n four_o constable_n and_o two_o sergeant_n with_o mace_n who_o site_n be_v observe_v from_o the_o north-star_n to_o lie_v in_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n 51._o and_o 49._o scruple_n and_o from_o the_o first_o point_n in_o the_o west_n 16._o and_o 53_o scrupâ—â—â—_n 5_o in_o the_o same_o graduation_n almost_o be_v site_v the_o â—itie_n landaf_n wherein_o be_v a_o castle_n and_o cathedral_n church_n dedicate_v to_o s._n telean_a bishop_n of_o the_o same_o without_o any_o other_o memorable_a matter_n worthy_a the_o speak_n of_o 6_o ofâ—â—aldus_fw-la â—â—aldus_z who_o affirm_v that_o in_o a_o rock_n or_o cliff_n upon_o the_o sea_n side_n and_o island_n barry_n lie_v near_o the_o southâ—â—st_n point_n of_o this_o county_n be_v beard_n out_o of_o a_o little_a chink_n let_v he_o take_v heed_n what_o he_o say_v the_o noise_n as_o it_o 〈◊〉_d of_o smith_n at_o their_o work_n one_o while_o the_o blow_n of_o bellows_n to_o increase_v the_o heat_n than_o the_o stroke_n of_o the_o hammer_n and_o sound_v of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d sometime_o the_o noise_n of_o the_o grindstone_n in_o grind_v of_o iron_n tool_n then_o the_o hiss_a spark_n of_o steele-gads_a as_o they_o fly_v from_o their_o beat_n with_o the_o puff_a noise_n of_o flame_n in_o a_o furnace_n and_o whether_o this_o be_v the_o place_n whereof_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n speak_v i_o determine_v not_o where_o in_o his_o write_n he_o have_v these_o word_n they_o that_o have_v record_v history_n say_v he_o do_v say_v that_o in_o the_o i_o will_v of_o britain_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a hole_n or_o caâ—e_n under_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o on_o the_o top_n thereof_o a_o gape_a chink_n into_o the_o which_o when_o the_o wind_n be_v gather_v and_o toss_v to_o and_o froâ—_n in_o the_o womb_n or_o concavitie_n thereof_o there_o be_v hear_v above_o a_o sound_n of_o cymbal_n for_o the_o wind_n be_v drive_v back_o from_o his_o hole_n be_v force_v to_o make_v a_o loud_a sound_n at_o she_o vent_v 7_o more_o westward_n from_o hence_o upon_o the_o river_n ogmore_n and_o near_o unto_o newton_n in_o a_o sandy_a plain_n about_o a_o hundred_o pase_n from_o severne_n there_o spring_v a_o well_o though_o not_o of_o the_o clear_a water_n where_o at_o the_o flow_a and_o fullness_n of_o the_o sea_n can_v hardly_o any_o water_n be_v get_v but_o at_o the_o ebb_n and_o fall_v of_o tide_n it_o wallow_v up_o amain_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v as_o polybius_n report_v of_o the_o like_a at_o cady_n wherein_o the_o windy_a air_n when_o it_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o wont_a issue_n forcible_o return_v shut_v and_o stop_v up_o the_o passage_n and_o vein_n of_o the_o spring_n whereby_o 〈◊〉_d water_n be_v keep_v in_o but_o contrariwise_o when_o the_o surface_n thereof_o be_v void_a and_o empty_a of_o water_n the_o veinâ—â—_n of_o the_o source_n or_o spring_n be_v unstopped_a and_o set_v free_a which_o then_o boil_v up_o in_o great_a abundance_n 8_o and_o upon_o the_o same_o shore_n more_o 〈◊〉_d and_o by_o west_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n call_v minyd-margan_a be_v erect_v a_o monument_n inscribe_v witâ—â—_n strange_a character_n and_o as_o strange_a a_o conceit_n hold_v thereof_o by_o the_o by-dweller_n who_o opinion_n be_v possess_v that_o if_o any_o man_n read_v the_o same_o he_o shall_v short_o after_o die_v this_o shire_n as_o it_o be_v the_o further_a 〈◊〉_d of_o south-wales_n and_o lay_v open_a to_o foreign_a invasion_n so_o be_v be_v fortify_v with_o twentie-five_a strong_a castle_n whereof_o time_n and_o storm_n have_v devour_v the_o most_o such_o be_v barry_n saint_n doneitis_n denâ—â—â—owis_n morlashe_n menesâ—e_n loghoâ—_n llanddeny_n llanquian_n oxwich_n oystermouth_n ognior_n pile_n porkery_n peâ—â—arth_n winston_n newcastle_n caerfly_n coche_n peullys_n 〈◊〉_d kenfeage_n tallance_n treer_n and_o cothy_n neither_o be_v the_o county_n so_o ill_o seat_v for_o sufficiency_n of_o life_n or_o barren_a of_o grain_n but_o that_o therein_o be_v plant_v place_n for_o divine_a piety_n such_o be_v neath_n margan_n and_o caerdif_a beside_o the_o episcopal_a see_v of_o landaâ—_n which_o last_v still_o remain_v the_o other_o three_o suppress_v among_o the_o fall_n of_o their_o like_a under_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o monmouth-shire_n chapter_n viii_o monmouth-shire_n from_o monmouth_n town_n and_o that_o from_o mounowe-water_n bear_v name_n be_v altogether_o enclose_v on_o the_o north_n and_o be_v separate_v from_o hereford-shire_n with_o the_o same_o river_n upon_o the_o east_n both_o it_o and_o wye_n divide_v this_o county_n from_o gloucestershire_n the_o southside_n whole_o be_v wash_v by_o the_o severne_n sea_n and_o some_o of_o her_o west_n part_n by_o rempney_n be_v part_v from_o glamorgan_n and_o the_o rest_n lie_v border_v upon_o by_o breknock-shire_n 2_o the_o form_n thereof_o be_v scallop-wise_a both_o long_a and_o broad_a shoot_v her_o north_n point_n to_o llantony_n and_o her_o south_n to_o the_o fall_n of_o rempney_n betwixt_o which_o two_o be_v twenty_o four_o english_a mile_n and_o from_o chepstowe_n east_n to_o blanaggo_v west_n be_v not_o altogether_o nineteen_o mile_n the_o whole_a in_o circuit_n draw_v somewhat_o near_o to_o seventy_o seven_o mile_n 3_o the_o air_n be_v temperate_a healthful_a anâ—_n 〈◊〉_d the_o soil_n be_v hilly_a woody_a and_o rich_a all_o place_n fruitful_a but_o no_o place_n barren_a the_o hill_n be_v 〈◊〉_d upon_o by_o cattle_n and_o sheep_n the_o valley_n be_v lade_v with_o corn_n and_o grass_n never_o ungrateful_a of_o 〈◊〉_d bandmans_n pain_n nor_o make_v frustrate_v his_o hope_n of_o expect_a increase_n who_o spring_n abundant_o â—sing_v in_o this_o county_n with_o many_o stream_n do_v fatten_v the_o soil_n even_o from_o side_n to_o side_n 4_o ancient_o the_o silâ—â—es_n inhabit_v this_o shire_n who_o chief_a city_n by_o the_o emperor_n antonine_n be_v name_v venta_n silarum_n by_o the_o welsh_a caer-went_a and_o be_v by_o tathâ—_n the_o british_a saint_n make_v a_o academiâ—_n and_o a_o divine_a place_n for_o worship_n so_o like_o wise_a caerlion_n now_o once_o isca_n be_v where_o the_o second_o roman_a legion_n call_v augusta_n lay_v as_o by_o their_o coin_n altar_n table_n and_o inscription_n there_o find_v and_o daily_o therein_o dig_v up_o do_v evident_o appear_v by_o the_o report_n of_o giraldus_n in_o this_o city_n be_v the_o court_n of_o great_a arthur_n whither_o the_o roman_a ambassador_n resort_v unto_o he_o and_o as_o alexander_n elsebinsis_n write_v therein_o be_v a_o school_n of_o two_o hundred_o philosopher_n skilful_a in_o astronomy_n and_o other_o arts._n which_o be_v the_o more_o credible_a for_o that_o aâ—phibalus_n s._n alban_n instructor_n be_v therein_o bear_v and_o julius_n and_o aaron_n two_o noble_a protomartyr_n of_o great_a britain_n in_o this_o citiereceive_v the_o crown_n of_o martyrdom_n where_o their_o body_n be_v also_o inter_v but_o as_o all_o thing_n find_v their_o fatal_a period_n so_o this_o city_n for_o beauty_n circuit_n and_o magnifical_a respect_n be_v lay_v in_o the_o ruin_n of_o her_o own_o decay_n neither_o may_v any_o more_o lament_v the_o loss_n of_o glory_n than_o munmouths_n castle_n which_o captive-like_a do_v yield_v to_o conquer_a time_n her_o downcast_a stone_n from_o those_o lofty_a turret_n do_v show_v what_o beauty_n once_o it_o bear_v stand_v mount_v