whole_a quantity_n make_v use_v of_o can_v not_o yield_v above_o 2_o or_o 3_o grain_n of_o salt_n yet_o that_o i_o may_v be_v further_o satisfy_v i_o drop_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la upon_o the_o lixiviate_v salt_n till_o the_o mixture_n cease_v to_o ferment_n which_o upon_o coagulation_n shoot_v into_o saline_n crystal_n from_o the_o inflammable_a quality_n of_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o nitrous_a spirit_n be_v unite_v with_o the_o alkaly_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v again_o suspect_v that_o the_o alkaline_a part_n be_v only_o the_o remain_v of_o some_o of_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o may_v be_v carry_v over_o into_o the_o receiver_n i_o answer_v that_o nitre_n be_v a_o acid_n it_o must_v follow_v that_o two_o acid_n unite_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o alkaly_n and_o to_o prosecute_v this_o experiment_n further_o we_o distil_v a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n with_o a_o double_a proportion_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n yet_o 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of_o body_n take_v to_o be_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n experiment_n vii_o modify_v the_o different_a quality_n of_o all_o body_n be_v theproduct_n of_o matter_n various_o modify_v to_o show_v that_o all_o metal_n and_o their_o different_a quality_n be_v but_o the_o effect_n of_o one_o common_a mass_n of_o matter_n different_o modify_v as_o to_o the_o shape_n size_n and_o texture_n of_o their_o part_n i_o take_v the_o follow_a method_n viz._n have_v precipitate_v the_o bezoardicum_n minerale_fw-mi by_o a_o affusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n on_o the_o rectify_a oil_n of_o butter_n of_o antimony_n i_o draw_v off_o by_o distillation_n as_o much_o of_o the_o liquor_n as_o i_o can_v sometime_o cohobate_v it_o upon_o the_o powder_n of_o the_o antimony_n which_o be_v do_v i_o melt_v pure_a gold_n with_o three_o or_o four_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o copper_n which_o be_v put_v into_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la the_o copper_n be_v dissolve_v and_o the_o gold_n subside_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o 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by_o fusion_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o metal_n of_o the_o same_o colour_n a_o second_o inference_n which_o may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o forego_n experiment_n be_v that_o if_o gold_n one_o of_o the_o most_o permanent_a body_n may_v have_v its_o texture_n destroy_v there_o be_v no_o body_n in_o nature_n but_o may_v undergo_v a_o change_n when_o wrought_v on_o by_o a_o appropriate_v agent_n and_o that_o the_o noble_a of_o metal_n may_v be_v mechanical_o transmute_v from_o whence_o it_o appear_v also_o that_o the_o noble_a of_o form_n be_v but_o the_o result_v of_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n of_o which_o they_o consist_v and_o a_o convention_n of_o accident_n which_o be_v the_o substratum_fw-la of_o that_o texture_n so_o that_o without_o a_o substantial_a form_n mere_o by_o a_o saline_n menstruum_fw-la the_o body_n of_o gold_n may_v be_v change_v into_o another_o substance_n of_o very_o differ_v quality_n from_o
equal_a weight_n of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o that_o it_o may_v more_o evident_o appear_v that_o the_o mixture_n of_o these_o two_o fluid_n depend_v on_o the_o peculiar_a texture_n of_o each_o i_o commit_v the_o mixture_n to_o distillation_n and_o obtain_v a_o gross_a substance_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o which_o unite_v the_o other_o liquor_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o this_o be_v draw_v off_o the_o liquor_n present_o succeed_v but_o separate_v one_o from_o another_o be_v not_o to_o beunit_v again_o by_o a_o violent_a agitation_n but_o so_o as_o to_o separate_v again_o and_o swim_v one_o upon_o another_o to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v the_o liquor_n which_o we_o have_v mention_v in_o another_o place_n obtain_v by_o distillation_n from_o benzoin_n one_o part_n of_o it_o always_o continue_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o oil_n and_o the_o other_o according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o wether_n either_o shoot_v into_o clear_a crystal_n or_o preserve_v 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to_o solidity_n yet_o may_v it_o conduce_v to_o the_o production_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n since_o those_o particle_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o powder_n and_o be_v not_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o unite_v may_v by_o swim_v in_o a_o fluid_fw-la have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o frequent_a occursion_n so_o that_o their_o motion_n bring_v they_o often_o together_o they_o may_v in_o time_n be_v dispose_v to_o unite_v into_o one_o body_n which_o be_v evident_a in_o powder_n of_o alabaster_n which_o if_o when_o it_o have_v be_v boil_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n it_o be_v well_o burn_v and_o reduce_v to_o the_o consistence_n of_o a_o thin_a pap_n with_o clear_a water_n will_v become_v firm_a and_o admit_v of_o as_o well_o as_o retain_v any_o form_n impress_v upon_o it_o by_o the_o internal_a surface_n of_o whatever_o mould_n it_o be_v cast_v in_o where_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o alabaster_n be_v put_v into_o motion_n and_o various_o agitate_a in_o the_o water_n be_v evident_a from_o that_o sensible_a heat_n which_o for_o some_o time_n succeed_v the_o affusion_n of_o water_n and_o this_o have_v be_v sufficient_o experience_v by_o fill_v a_o glass_n full_a of_o this_o mixture_n which_o some_o time_n after_o it_o be_v stop_v break_v the_o viol_n and_o harden_v into_o a_o substance_n correspondent_a in_o shape_n to_o the_o cavity_n of_o it_o several_a spoons-full_a of_o this_o liquor_n it_o be_v moisten_v with_o be_v squeeze_v out_o at_o a_o crack_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o swell_a of_o the_o powder_n and_o this_o substance_n acquire_v such_o a_o degree_n of_o firmness_n as_o to_o endure_v several_a stroke_n with_o a_o strong_a piece_n of_o iron_n without_o break_v but_o there_o be_v several_a other_o substance_n which_o may_v acquire_v a_o great_a degree_n of_o solidity_n than_o the_o powder_n of_o alabaster_n burn_v for_o the_o learned_a hydrographer_n furnier_n hydrograph_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 6._o relate_v a_o story_n of_o a_o sort_n of_o sand_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n near_a cuma_n and_o puteoli_n two_o part_n of_o which_o mix_v with_o a_o three_o of_o quicklime_n become_v a_o hard_a substance_n like_o flint_n when_o it_o have_v lie_v or_o some_o time_n in_o the_o water_n to_o which_o relation_n he_o subjoin_v that_o the_o lime-ash_n of_o a_o certain_a marble_n near_o tournay_n in_o holland_n be_v cast_v into_o water_n upon_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n petrify_v to_o that_o degree_n as_o to_o change_v into_o a_o substance_n as_o hard_o as_o marble_n but_o to_o return_v to_o what_o we_o have_v digress_v from_o that_o the_o various_o determine_v motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n contribute_v to_o their_o union_n and_o coalition_n into_o solid_a substance_n appear_v from_o those_o curious_a salt_n which_o spontaneous_o shoot_v and_o crystallize_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o spirit_n of_o hartshorn_n when_o it_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n for_o several_a month_n for_o those_o particle_n by_o 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virtue_n depend_v on_o the_o saline_n part_v of_o the_o rennet_n appear_v since_o other_o acid._n liquor_n have_v the_o like_a effect_n in_o coagulate_v milk_n as_o juice_n of_o limmons_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o a_o very_a small_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n artificial_o mix_v with_o it_o to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o some_o year_n past_a i_o prepare_v a_o certain_a salt_n endue_v with_o quality_n not_o unlike_o those_o ascribe_v to_o glauber_n sal_fw-la mirabilis_fw-la which_o will_v not_o only_o like_o other_o salt_n when_o dissolve_v in_o water_n upon_o evaporation_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n itself_o but_o also_o will_v coagulate_v and_o crystallize_v a_o treble_a quantity_n of_o water_n with_o they_o which_o will_v so_o far_o put_v on_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o salt_n as_o to_o become_v brittle_a and_o to_o be_v reducible_a to_o powder_n powder_n a_o liquor_n turn_v into_o a_o consistent_a body_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o powder_n and_o it_o may_v not_o be_v fruitless_a here_o to_o subjoin_v that_o though_o the_o particle_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v in_o so_o violent_a a_o agitation_n as_o to_o acquire_v a_o sensible_a heat_n upon_o their_o mixture_n with_o some_o body_n yet_o i_o so_o alter_v the_o texture_n of_o that_o liquor_n as_o by_o a_o mixture_n of_o a_o certain_a whitish_a powder_n of_o my_o own_o preparation_n to_o render_v it_o a_o consistent_a body_n in_o which_o experiment_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o several_a day_n after_o the_o oil_n be_v coagulate_v the_o powder_n remain_v undissolve_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o viol_n so_o that_o the_o coagulation_n seem_v to_o be_v effect_v by_o some_o subtle_a effluvia_fw-la insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o liquor_n to_o this_o experiment_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v another_o in_o which_o the_o same_o effect_n be_v produce_v by_o leave_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o crystal_n
of_o ice_n and_o salt_n 2_o hour_n it_o make_v a_o oblique_a crack_n in_o the_o barrel_n six_o inch_n long_o and_o the_o ice_n be_v take_v out_o seem_v full_a of_o bubble_n but_o very_o small_a one_o and_o the_o like_a success_n we_o have_v with_o another_o barrel_n of_o a_o gun_n who_o muzzle_n and_o touchhole_n be_v stop_v up_o with_o metal_n nor_o have_v we_o less_o success_n when_o we_o bury_v a_o pewter_n bottle_n in_o a_o frigorifick_a mixture_n both_o the_o barrel_n of_o the_o gun_n and_o the_o bottle_n be_v burst_v in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n title_n xii_o experiment_n concern_v a_o new_a way_n of_o estimate_v the_o expansive_a force_n of_o congelation_n and_o of_o high_o compress_v air_n without_o engine_n congelation_n a_o new_a way_n of_o estimate_v the_o expanâ—…e_a force_n of_o congelation_n how_o far_o we_o be_v able_a to_o compress_v the_o air_n by_o the_o incumbent_a weight_n of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n we_o have_v else_o where_o show_v but_o to_o reduce_v it_o to_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o condensation_n i_o make_v the_o follow_a experiment_n 1._o have_v fill_v a_o glass-egg_n with_o water_n till_o it_o wrought_v about_o a_o inch_n into_o the_o stem_n we_o place_v it_o in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n and_o in_o a_o few_o hour_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v raise_v about_o 7_o inch_n and_o the_o apex_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v seal_v up_o by_o a_o fresh_a application_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n it_o be_v raise_v 8_o inch_n high_a so_o that_o the_o air_n be_v compress_v into_o the_o space_n of_o a_o inch_n possess_v about_o nine_o part_n of_o ten_o of_o what_o it_o do_v before_o whereupon_o the_o stem_n be_v invert_v and_o the_o seal_a end_n open_v the_o air_n which_o when_o the_o stem_n be_v invert_v rise_v up_o to_o the_o ice_n and_o separate_v the_o unfrozen_a water_n in_o the_o stem_n from_o it_o powerful_o expand_v itself_o force_v out_o about_o ten_o inch_n of_o water_n with_o violence_n and_o noise_n beside_o a_o great_a number_n of_o bubble_n ascend_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n to_o the_o top._n n._n b._n when_o the_o air_n be_v compress_v beyond_o seven_o inch_n we_o several_a time_n observe_v that_o the_o glass_n just_a above_o the_o water_n on_o the_o inside_n be_v full_a of_o little_a drop_n of_o dew_n which_o when_o the_o apex_n be_v break_v off_o disappear_v 2._o a_o vial_n who_o neck_n be_v draw_v out_o into_o a_o slender_a pipe_n be_v fill_v till_o it_o wrought_v a_o inch_n within_o the_o pipe_n in_o a_o little_a time_n by_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o water_n the_o air_n be_v too_o much_o compress_v the_o head_n of_o the_o pipe_n fly_v off_o and_o the_o same_o happen_v to_o a_o round_a white_a glass_n who_o stem_n fill_v with_o air_n be_v about_o 3_o inch_n nor_o be_v the_o success_n otherwise_o when_o we_o repeat_v the_o experiment_n in_o a_o large_a single_a vial_n who_o stem_n be_v four_o inch_n long_o and_o its_o basis_n a_o inch_n broad_a 3._o a_o oval_a glass_n about_o the_o size_n of_o a_o turkeys-egg_n with_o a_o neck_n almost_o cylindrical_a be_v fill_v with_o water_n within_o four_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a and_o then_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n be_v past_v upon_o the_o stem_n divide_v into_o half_a inch_n and_o quarter_n and_o the_o apex_n be_v seal_v up_o by_o a_o moderate_a heat_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n be_v raise_v considerable_o but_o the_o oval_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o mixture_n of_o ice_n and_o snow_n the_o air_n be_v compress_v into_o a_o 17_o part_n of_o the_o space_n it_o possess_v before_o and_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o glass_n burst_v afterward_o with_o a_o considerable_a noise_n the_o ice_n appear_v full_a of_o bubble_n which_o render_v it_o white_a and_o opacous_a in_o another_o glass_n who_o ball_n be_v large_a in_o proportion_n to_o the_o stem_n the_o air_n be_v compress_v into_o a_o 19_o part_n of_o its_o former_a space_n before_o the_o glass_n fly_v in_o piece_n 3._o and_o this_o way_n of_o try_v how_o far_o the_o air_n may_v be_v compress_v and_o water_n expanded_a by_o cold_a we_o think_v least_o exceptionable_a because_o the_o pore_n of_o glass_n be_v more_o impervious_a to_o air_n and_o water_n than_o some_o metalline_a vessel_n for_o have_v break_v open_a the_o apex_n of_o the_o stem_n of_o one_o of_o our_o glass-egg_n we_o find_v that_o though_o the_o water_n be_v but_o a_o little_a expanded_a yet_o not_o find_v a_o way_n out_o at_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n the_o water_n rise_v up_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch._n title_n xiii_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n of_o cold._n cold._n of_o the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n of_o cold._n in_o estimate_v the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n of_o cold_a we_o be_v not_o only_o to_o consider_v the_o degree_n of_o it_o in_o the_o cold_a body_n but_o also_o the_o medium_fw-la through_o which_o it_o be_v to_o pass_v and_o the_o consistence_n and_o texture_n of_o it_o as_o likewise_o the_o instrument_n employ_v to_o receive_v or_o acquaint_v we_o with_o the_o action_n of_o cold_a since_o from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o lay_v down_o it_o appear_v that_o weather-glass_n give_v we_o a_o more_o nice_a account_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o it_o and_o that_o our_o sensory_n may_v mis-inform_a we_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o various_a predisposition_n beside_o the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n may_v be_v vary_v by_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o cold_a body_n 1._o but_o to_o consider_v the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n of_o small_a piece_n of_o ice_n we_o have_v find_v it_o very_o small_a in_o comparison_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o odorous_a body_n insomuch_o that_o i_o be_o persuade_v we_o can_v have_v no_o sense_n of_o cold_a without_o the_o immediate_a contact_n of_o a_o cold_a body_n since_o ice_n approach_v our_o sensory_a or_o a_o weatherglass_n affect_v neither_o though_o hold_v as_o near_o as_o possible_o they_o may_v without_o touch_v and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v at_o sea_n where_o in_o foggy_a night_n the_o seaman_n have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o discern_v neighbour_a mountain_n of_o ice_n though_o by_o a_o merchant_n who_o make_v the_o observation_n in_o greenland_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o he_o perceive_v a_o manifest_a access_n of_o cold_a upon_o the_o approach_n of_o a_o float_a piece_n of_o ice_n 2._o and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o ispahan_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o persia_n the_o ice_n be_v never_o much_o more_o than_o a_o finger_n thick_a they_o usual_o pour_v water_n upon_o it_o which_o as_o it_o run_v over_o the_o ice_n be_v in_o part_n freeze_v by_o which_o mean_n they_o thicken_v the_o ice_n and_o preserve_v it_o in_o proper_a conservatory_n this_o experiment_n have_v be_v try_v in_o england_n by_o pump_v of_o water_n upon_o flake_n of_o ice_n i_o find_v that_o the_o pump-water_n be_v warm_a than_o the_o ice_n thaw_v it_o instead_o of_o increase_v the_o thickness_n of_o it_o and_o though_o here_o in_o england_n water_n pour_v upon_o snow_n promote_v its_o dissolution_n yet_o in_o russia_n and_o muscovy_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o water_n throw_v upon_o snow_n freeze_v it_o which_o they_o therefore_o make_v use_n of_o to_o incrustate_n several_a body_n with_o ice_n yet_o one_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o general_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o sharpness_n of_o the_o air_n be_v so_o violent_a as_o to_o incrustate_n several_a body_n with_o ice_n when_o only_a water_n be_v make_v use_n of_o so_o that_o in_o try_v such_o experiment_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n at_o the_o same_o time_n which_o have_v a_o great_a influence_n in_o promote_a or_o vary_v the_o effect_n of_o such_o trial_n 3._o how_o deep_a frost_n penetrate_v into_o water_n and_o earth_n will_v be_v a_o very_a hard_a thing_n to_o determine_v since_o earth_n especial_o may_v be_v more_o or_o less_o dispose_v to_o freeze_v according_a to_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o cold_a and_o its_o duration_n the_o texâ—â—â—…_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o juice_n dâ—â—â—…ed_v through_o it_o or_o subterraneal_a steam_n whence_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n that_o lie_v over_o some_o mine_n be_v always_o free_a from_o snow_n good_a quantity_n of_o limestone_n be_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n 4._o but_o though_o it_o be_v so_o difficult_a to_o know_v to_o what_o depth_n frost_n will_v reach_v yet_o that_o we_o may_v contribute_v as_o much_o as_o we_o can_v to_o the_o general_a history_n of_o cold_a we_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a note_n after_o four_o night_n hard_a frost_n the_o ground_n in_o the_o orchard_n be_v freeze_v about_o 3_o inch_n deep_a and_o in_o the_o
snow_n to_o discover_v what_o liquor_n ice_n will_v be_v soon_o dissolve_v in_o we_o contrive_v to_o freeze_v water_n in_o a_o long_o cylinder_n which_o be_v loosen_v by_o apply_v a_o warm_a hand_n we_o divide_v some_o into_o piece_n ¼_n of_o a_o inch_n long_o and_o other_o into_o inch_n and_o our_o experiment_n be_v make_v with_o these_o cylindrical_a piece_n of_o ice_n in_o the_o first_o trial_n 1._o in_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n a_o cylindrical_a piece_n of_o ice_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o length_n last_v 5_o minute_n 2._o in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n 12_o minute_n 3._o in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la 12_o ½_n 4._o in_o water_n 12_o minute_n 5._o in_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n about_o 44_o minute_n 6._o in_o air_n 64_o minute_n the_o second_o trial_n 1._o in_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n a_o inch_n of_o cylindrical_a ice_n last_v undissolve_v 3_o minute_n 2._o in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n 13_o minute_n 3._o in_o water_n 26_o minute_n 4._o in_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n 47_o minute_n 5._o in_o salad-oil_n 52_o minute_n 6._o in_o air_n 152_o minute_n 2._o we_o likewise_o think_v it_o worth_a while_n to_o try_v what_o difference_n there_o will_v be_v in_o the_o duration_n of_o piece_n of_o ice_n of_o the_o same_o bulk_n and_o figure_n but_o of_o different_a liquor_n as_o also_o whether_o attrition_n will_v contribute_v to_o the_o dissolution_n of_o ice_n which_o iobserved_a it_o do_v whence_o it_o appear_v that_o as_o the_o agent_n contiguous_a to_o ice_n be_v different_a they_o dissolve_v its_o texture_n soon_o or_o late_a and_o if_o snow_n or_o ice_n be_v keep_v in_o a_o place_n where_o neither_o the_o sun_n nor_o the_o air_n have_v much_o influence_n upon_o it_o it_o will_v continue_v a_o long_a time_n a_o appendix_n to_o the_o xvi_o title_n 1._o in_o confirmation_n of_o what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o close_a of_o this_o title_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a account_n of_o the_o italian_a conservatory_n send_v i_o by_o my_o ingenious_a friend_n mr._n j._n evelyn_n the_o snow-pit_n in_o italy_n etc._n etc._n be_v sink_v in_o the_o most_o solitary_a and_o cool_v place_n common_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o some_o mountain_n or_o elevate_a ground_n which_o may_v best_o protect_v they_o from_o the_o meridional_a or_o occidental_a sun_n 25_o foot_n wide_a at_o the_o orifice_n and_o about_o 50_o deep_a be_v esteem_v a_o competent_a proportion_n and_o though_o this_o be_v excavate_v in_o a_o conical_a form_n yet_o it_o be_v make_v flat_a at_o the_o bottom_n or_o point_n the_o side_n of_o the_o pit_n be_v so_o joyce_v that_o board_n may_v be_v nail_v upon_o they_o very_o close_o joint_v about_o a_o yard_n from_o the_o bottom_n be_v fix_v a_o strong_a frame_n or_o tresle_n upon_o which_o lie_v a_o wooden_a grate_n the_o top_n or_o cover_n be_v double_a thatch_a with_o reed_n or_o straw_n upon_o a_o copped_a frame_n or_o roof_n in_o one_o of_o the_o side_n whereof_o be_v a_o narrow_a door-case_n hip_v on_o like_o the_o top_n of_o the_o dormer_n and_o thatch_a to_o conserve_v snow_n they_o lay_v clean_a straw_n upon_o the_o grate_n or_o wattle_v so_o as_o to_o keep_v the_o snow_n from_o run_v through_o whilst_o they_o beat_v it_o to_o a_o hard_a cake_n of_o a_o icy_a consistence_n which_o be_v near_o one_o foot_n thick_a upon_o this_o they_o make_v a_o layer_n of_o straw_n and_o then_o snow_n and_o straw_n again_o and_o continue_v s.s.s._n till_o the_o pit_n be_v full_a and_o then_o lay_v straw_n or_o reed_n upon_o all_o they_o keep_v the_o door_n lock_v this_o grate_n be_v so_o contrive_v that_o the_o snow_n melt_v by_o any_o accident_n in_o lay_v or_o extraordinary_a season_n of_o wether_n it_o may_v drain_v away_o from_o the_o mass_n and_o sink_v without_o stagnate_n upon_o it_o which_o will_v accelerate_v the_o dissolution_n and_o therefore_o the_o bottom_n be_v but_o very_o slight_o steen_v etc._n etc._n 2._o and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o dutchman_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o nova_n zembla_n that_o in_o june_n the_o sun_n be_v not_o powerful_a enough_o to_o melt_v snow_n and_o even_o in_o warm_a climate_n where_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n be_v not_o so_o considerable_a snow_n continue_v unthaw_v all_o summer_n as_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o alps_o and_o other_o high_a mountain_n and_o capt._n james_n observe_v that_o in_o august_n ice_n that_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o sunbeam_n continue_v unmelted_a 8_o day_n or_o more_o and_o the_o same_o author_n observe_v that_o the_o very_a ground_n be_v freeze_v in_o june_n title_n xvii_o consideration_n and_o experiment_n concern_v the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la of_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la 1._o tho_o several_a sect_n of_o philosopher_n have_v dispute_v about_o a_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la some_o contend_v for_o earth_n other_o water_n other_o air_n and_o another_o sect_n for_o nitre_n yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o which_o that_o quality_n principal_o reside_v and_o from_o whence_o all_o other_o body_n derive_v they_o no_o more_o than_o that_o there_o be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o principle_n subject_a of_o residence_n for_o any_o other_o quality_n for_o if_o a_o intense_a degree_n of_o motion_n among_o the_o minute_n part_v of_o a_o body_n be_v sufficient_a to_o give_v it_o the_o quality_n of_o heat_n it_o may_v be_v enough_o to_o render_v a_o body_n cold_a that_o that_o motion_n be_v diminish_v upon_o a_o removal_n of_o its_o cause_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o cold_a be_v a_o positive_a or_o a_o privative_a quality_n frigidum_fw-la the_o earth_n not_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la 2._o indeed_o plutarch_n suppose_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la but_o we_o daily_o see_v that_o it_o be_v freeze_v by_o the_o contiguous_a air_n communicate_v cold_a to_o it_o and_z by_o the_o interposition_n of_o another_o body_n may_v easy_o be_v preserve_v from_o that_o so_o the_o salt-works_a upon_o the_o marsh_n of_o the_o island_n xaintonge_n in_o france_n be_v preserve_v from_o the_o damage_n the_o frost_n will_v do_v they_o by_o let_v in_o water_n by_o sluice_n to_o overflow_v they_o beside_o be_v the_o earth_n the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la it_o may_v just_o be_v wonder_v why_o it_o congeal_v not_o the_o water_n contiguous_a to_o it_o soon_o than_o hail_v or_o snow_n in_o the_o air_n since_o terrene_a part_n of_o matter_n can_v be_v bring_v thither_o without_o some_o cause_n able_a to_o elevate_v they_o and_o perhaps_o to_o alter_v the_o quality_n of_o they_o not_o to_o mention_v those_o vulcano_n which_v argue_v the_o earth_n to_o abound_v with_o subterraneal_a fire_n and_o that_o in_o several_a place_n where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o vulcano_n as_o in_o deep_a mine_n those_o that_o work_v there_o find_v it_o very_o hot_a and_o troublesome_a and_o in_o deep_a well_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o water_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v freeze_v that_o it_o come_v up_o reak_a hot_a which_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n since_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr clave_n livre_fw-fr 11._o chap._n 8._o that_o in_o the_o southern_a country_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n penetrate_v not_o above_o six_o or_o seven_o foot_n deep_a and_o the_o subterraneal_a part_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v extreme_o cold_a that_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o miner_n that_o the_o low_a they_o dig_v the_o more_o vapour_n exhalation_n and_o heat_v they_o find_v and_o jo._n baptista_n morinus_n witness_n that_o in_o mine_n in_o hungary_n four_o hundred_o fathom_n deep_a after_o the_o descent_n of_o 80_o fathom_n it_o be_v always_o hot_a but_o whether_o these_o may_v proceed_v from_o subterraneal_a fire_n or_o a_o mixture_n of_o other_o body_n i_o shall_v not_o determine_v since_o i_o have_v see_v body_n actual_o cold_a mix_v together_o produce_v heat_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o some_o part_n of_o england_n they_o dig_v up_o a_o mineral_n which_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o water_n only_o become_v hot_a and_o for_o a_o like_a reason_n perhaps_o those_o heat_n in_o the_o hungarian_a mine_n may_v be_v cause_v for_o that_o mineral_n steam_n ascend_v be_v evident_a since_o they_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a groave_fw-it not_o only_o to_o stinkâ—_n but_o by_o their_o corrosive_a quality_n to_o corrode_v the_o wooden_a ladder_n and_o morinus_n himself_o tell_v we_o that_o descend_v into_o the_o golden_a mine_n at_o cremnitz_n the_o heat_n increase_v extreme_o as_o he_o descend_v which_o they_o attribute_v to_o a_o mine_n of_o smaragdine_n vitriol_n which_o lie_v under_o it_o of_o which_o kind_n of_o vitriol_n there_o be_v some_o even_o in_o the_o cold_a
and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o iron-instrument_n bring_v out_o of_o the_o cold_a into_o a_o warm_a room_n have_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o white_a hoar_n and_o it_o be_v not_o only_o confirm_v by_o foreign_a artist_n but_o several_a here_o that_o cold_a have_v so_o great_a a_o effect_n on_o steel_n as_o to_o make_v several_a piece_n of_o metal_n more_o brittle_a than_o in_o the_o summer_n so_o that_o they_o be_v then_o force_v to_o work_v they_o another_o way_n and_o to_o give_v they_o a_o different_a temper_n cold._n hot_a water_n do_v not_o froze_v soon_o than_o cold._n it_o be_v a_o tradition_n and_o also_o teach_v by_o aristotle_n that_o hot_a water_n be_v soon_o freeze_v than_o cold_a to_o determine_v the_o matter_n i_o make_v the_o follow_a experiment_n cold_a water_n be_v expose_v to_o freeze_v in_o one_o porringer_n boil_a water_n cool_v in_o another_o and_o hot_a water_n in_o a_o three_o at_z 8_o a_o clock_z the_o cold_a water_n begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o ¼_n after_o ten_o the_o boil_a water_n cool_v at_o ¾_n past_o ten_o and_o the_o hot_a water_n at_o ¼_n a_o hour_n past_o eleven_o and_o the_o like_a success_n happen_v when_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v a_o second_o time_n in_o metalline_a vessel_n and_o the_o experiment_n be_v again_o try_v with_o great_a exactness_n the_o cold_a water_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v expose_v to_o freeze_v at_o ¼_n after_o 6_o the_o first_o beganto_n freeze_v ¼_n after_o 7_o the_o water_n heat_v and_o cool_v again_o ¾_n after_o 7_o and_o the_o hot_a water_n be_v not_o freeze_v ½_n a_o hour_n after_o eight_o the_o like_a experiment_n be_v try_v with_o water_n contain_v in_o glass-cylinders_a of_o a_o equal_a boar_n seal_v at_o one_o end_n we_o find_v that_o there_o be_v very_o little_a difference_n in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o congelation_n when_o immerse_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n salt_n and_o water_n but_o once_o when_o the_o end_n of_o one_o of_o the_o cylinder_n be_v draw_v small_a than_o ordinary_a the_o smallness_n of_o the_o pipe_n occasion_v the_o hot_a water_n to_o begin_v to_o freeze_v soon_o than_o the_o cold_a water_n postcript_n accidental_o look_v upon_o the_o circulus_fw-la pisanus_n of_o berigardus_n i_o find_v that_o though_o that_o author_n oppose_v aristotle_n in_o other_o point_n yet_o he_o agree_v with_o he_o that_o hot_a water_n cool_v will_v soon_o freeze_v than_o ordinary_a cold_a water_n but_o have_v try_v the_o experiment_n i_o observe_v that_o both_o be_v expose_v to_o freeze_v when_o by_o a_o weatherglass_n i_o find_v they_o of_o the_o same_o temper_n my_o domestic_a who_o attend_v they_o take_v notice_n also_o that_o they_o both_o begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o one_o time_n and_o though_o berigardus_n further_o wonder_n that_o warm_a salt-water_n shall_v be_v less_o subject_a to_o freeze_v for_o be_v salt_n yet_o from_o experiment_n already_o lay_v down_o it_o abundant_o appear_v that_o though_o salt_n external_o apply_v promote_v it_o yet_o internal_o be_v dissolve_v in_o water_n it_o prevent_v congelation_n particular_n referrable_a to_o several_a title_n for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o vi_o title_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o purchas_n relate_v lib._n 4._o cap._n 19_o that_o the_o samojed_n when_o they_o bury_v their_o dead_a only_o cover_v they_o with_o a_o pile_n of_o stone_n and_o though_o the_o dead_a body_n may_v be_v see_v through_o they_o yet_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n preserve_v they_o from_o stink_a and_o the_o same_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o a_o certain_a island_n they_o preserve_v their_o fish_n and_o flesh_n by_o harden_v it_o in_o the_o air_n better_a than_o if_o it_o be_v corn_v with_o salt_n in_o confirmation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v under_o the_o vii_o title_n i_o expose_v several_a vial_n fill_v with_o water_n and_o unstopped_a to_o be_v freeze_v and_o find_v that_o the_o bottle_n be_v break_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o freeze_a water_n so_o that_o the_o phaenomenon_n can_v not_o be_v attribute_v to_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n for_o if_o either_o the_o expand_v water_n can_v have_v make_v its_o way_n by_o stretch_v the_o glass_n or_o leave_v the_o superficial_a ice_n congeal_v at_o first_o in_o the_o neck_n or_o any_o other_o way_n easy_o than_o to_o break_v the_o vessel_n the_o vessel_n will_v probable_o be_v leave_v entire_a i_o say_v probable_o because_o sometime_o in_o such_o experiment_n something_o may_v intervene_v which_o require_v further_a trial_n and_o observation_n to_o discover_v since_o i_o have_v in_o other_o experiment_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o water_n beginning_n to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n rise_v a_o considerable_a height_n in_o the_o stem_n without_o break_v the_o bottle_n and_o i_o have_v sometime_o have_v a_o good_a deal_n of_o a_o liquor_n freeze_v in_o a_o stop_a vial_n without_o break_v it_o as_o if_o the_o success_n be_v vary_a by_o some_o uncommon_a property_n in_o the_o glass_n or_o some_o peculiar_a softness_n of_o the_o ice_n in_o confirmation_n of_o what_o be_v deliver_v in_o the_o vii_o title_n of_o the_o expansion_n of_o freeze_a water_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o the_o capacity_n of_o a_o large_a bottle_n be_v fill_v with_o water_n except_o the_o neck_n and_o that_o fill_v with_o oil_n the_o expand_a water_n not_o only_o elevate_v the_o cork_n but_o raise_v it_o several_a inch_n it_o be_v support_v by_o a_o cylinder_n partly_o consist_v of_o oily_a and_o partly_o of_o watery_a particle_n of_o ice_n it_o be_v a_o general_n tradition_n among_o fisherman_n that_o when_o pond_n or_o river_n be_v freeze_v up_o except_o several_a hole_n be_v break_v up_o for_o the_o air_n to_o communicate_v with_o the_o water_n the_o fish_n will_v be_v suffocate_v and_o olaus_n magnus_n tell_v we_o that_o fish_n be_v usual_o find_v suffocate_v when_o a_o thaw_n come_v where_o vein_n of_o live_a water_n do_v not_o enter_v but_o i_o be_o not_o satisfy_v whether_o if_o the_o tradition_n be_v true_a they_o may_v not_o be_v kill_v either_o by_o some_o subterraneal_a steam_n or_o their_o own_o excrementitious_a effluvia_fw-la prevent_v by_o the_o ice_n from_o make_v their_o way_n out_o of_o the_o water_n and_o it_o may_v be_v question_v further_o whether_o this_o phaenomenon_n may_v not_o be_v cause_v by_o excessive_a cold_a as_o well_o as_o for_o want_v of_o air._n wherefore_o to_o satisfy_v myself_o whether_o the_o vulgar_a opinion_n be_v true_a or_o not_o i_o enclose_v some_o gudgeon_n in_o a_o large_a glass_n with_o a_o long_a neck_n and_o have_v freeze_v the_o water_n in_o the_o neck_n by_o apply_v a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n i_o find_v that_o the_o fish_n live_v a_o considerable_a time_n and_o the_o like_a i_o observe_v when_o the_o same_o fish_n be_v contain_v in_o a_o earthen_a vessel_n with_o a_o little_a water_n freeze_v over_o where_o the_o external_n air_n be_v whole_o separate_v and_o prevent_v from_o communicate_v with_o the_o water_n under_o the_o ice_n yet_o one_o thing_n observable_a be_v that_o there_o be_v a_o large_a bubble_n of_o air_n under_o the_o ice_n which_o i_o suppose_v come_v from_o the_o fish_n for_o i_o have_v observe_v not_o only_o these_o sort_n of_o fish_n but_o lamprel_n take_v in_o air_n and_o then_o be_v immerse_v under_o water_n emit_fw-la bubble_n both_o at_o their_o mouth_n and_o gills_o gudgeon_n freeze_v up_o in_o ice_n in_o a_o basin_n recover_v when_o it_o be_v thaw_v but_o some_o that_o continue_v 3_o day_n in_o ice_n revive_v not_o frog_n freeze_v in_o water_n till_o they_o be_v all_o enclose_v with_o ice_n and_o till_o one_o of_o they_o be_v stiff_a with_o it_o recover_v when_o it_o be_v thaw_v and_o swim_v about_o though_o before_o some_o of_o they_o lay_v with_o their_o bell_n upward_o and_o void_a of_o motion_n as_o for_o the_o weight_n of_o body_n freeze_v capt._n james_n tell_v we_o that_o wood_n that_o have_v lie_v all_o winter_n under_o ice_n will_v sink_v when_o cast_v into_o the_o water_n and_o he_o likewise_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o ice_n of_o wine_n be_v so_o durable_a that_o a_o butt_n of_o wine_n which_o be_v freeze_v in_o the_o winter_n continue_v unthaw_v in_o may._n purchas_n tell_v we_o of_o two_o piece_n of_o ice_n which_o they_o find_v lay_v fast_o on_o the_o ground_n the_o one_o of_o which_o be_v 20_o fathom_n under_o water_n and_o 12_o above_o and_o the_o other_o 18_o fathom_n below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n and_o 10_o above_o it_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o purchas_n and_o several_a other_o that_o the_o snow_n lie_v upon_o the_o ground_n in_o russia_n as_o well_o as_o in_o england_n make_v it_o fruitful_a cold._n of_o the_o separation_n of_o liquor_n by_o cold._n it_o will_v be_v worth_a while_n to_o try_v what_o effect_n cold_a
chrystallized_a salt_n appear_v the_o oil_n of_o the_o fruit_n become_v very_o friable_a and_o of_o a_o milky-white_a colour_n but_o the_o train_n oil_n only_o lose_v its_o fluidity_n and_o become_v of_o the_o consistence_n of_o soft_a grease_n and_o the_o same_o night_n a_o bottle_n of_o rhenish_a wine_n and_o another_o of_o strong_a white-wine_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n freeze_v the_o ice_n taste_v weak_a than_o the_o wine_n but_o the_o wine_n be_v several_a time_n freeze_v and_o thaw_v again_o neither_o lose_v any_o thing_n of_o its_o colour_n taste_v or_o strength_n mr._n hook_v show_v i_o a_o oval_a glass_n which_o have_v at_o one_o end_v a_o narrow_a cane_n a_o inch_n long_o in_o which_o water_n tinge_v with_o cochineel_n be_v freeze_v the_o ice_n on_o the_o outside_n be_v colourless_a but_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o deep_a tincture_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o like_a in_o flask_n contain_v the_o same_o tincture_n freeze_v flesh_n fish_n egg_n and_o apple_n be_v hold_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o water_n and_o immerse_v in_o it_o be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o mortar_n and_o plaster_n of_o paris_n will_v freeze_v i_o have_v see_v ice_n three_o yard_n thick_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o thames_n the_o water_n which_o flow_v successive_o over_o the_o ice_n be_v freeze_v and_o gradual_o thickening_a it_o and_o i_o have_v freeze_v a_o whole_a flask_n full_a of_o water_n by_o gradual_o pour_v it_o into_o a_o pan_n which_o confirm_v what_o olearius_n say_v of_o make_v huge_a heap_n of_o ice_n to_o preserve_v body_n though_o my_o lord_n verulam_n tell_v we_o that_o egg_n and_o apple_n cover_v with_o a_o wet_a cloth_n will_v not_o freeze_v yet_o i_o have_v not_o observe_v any_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o and_o other_o oil_n of_o animal_n and_o vegetable_a oil_n by_o expression_n subside_o syrup_n freeze_v not_o cold_n affect_v not_o lodestone_n sensible_o in_o their_o operation_n have_v expose_v distil_v water_n of_o plantain_n poppy_n black_a cherry_n nightshade_n scurvygrass_n and_o horseradish_n to_o the_o cold_a in_o order_n to_o make_v a_o standard_n for_o weather-glass_n i_o observe_v that_o the_o black-cherry-water_n be_v freeze_v first_o and_o the_o horseradish_n and_o scurvygrass_n water_n last_o the_o best_a way_n to_o discover_v when_o liquor_n begin_v to_o freeze_v first_o be_v by_o draw_v a_o pin_n through_o the_o surface_n of_o those_o liquor_n chap._n ix_o a_o new_a frigorifick_a experiment_n show_v how_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o cold_a may_v be_v sudden_o produce_v without_o the_o help_n of_o snow_n ice_n hail_o wind_n or_o nitre_n any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n comunicate_v in_o the_o transaction_n of_o july_n 18._o 1666._o water_n cold_a produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o sal-armon_a and_o water_n if_o a_o pound_n of_o powder_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v mix_v gradual_o with_o three_o pint_n of_o water_n and_o the_o liquor_n be_v stir_v with_o a_o stick_n or_o a_o whale-bone_n whilst_o the_o salt_n be_v dissolve_v it_o will_v produce_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n which_o will_v not_o only_o be_v sensible_a to_o the_o touch_n but_o if_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o a_o silver_n tankard_n the_o outside_n of_o it_o will_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o multitude_n of_o little_a drop_n of_o condense_a vapour_n as_o high_a as_o the_o mixture_n reach_v and_o if_o some_o of_o it_o be_v quite_o wipe_v off_o before_o the_o mixture_n have_v lose_v its_o virtue_n it_o will_v again_o be_v cover_v over_o with_o dew_n and_o if_o the_o ball_n of_o a_o seal_a weatherglass_n be_v immerse_v in_o it_o the_o tinged_a liquor_n will_v present_o descend_v low_a than_o it_o do_v in_o common_a water_n and_o upon_o a_o removal_n of_o it_o into_o the_o air_n again_o or_o common_a water_n the_o spirit_n will_v manifest_o ascend_v and_o this_o coldness_n be_v more_o or_o less_o last_a as_o the_o season_n of_o the_o air_n contribute_v to_o its_o coldness_n and_o as_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o salt_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o water_n be_v great_a or_o less_o or_o as_o it_o vary_v in_o goodness_n or_o as_o the_o salt_n be_v put_v in_o in_o grosser_n powder_n and_o more_o leisurely_o and_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a may_v easy_o be_v discover_v by_o frequent_o immerge_v and_o remove_v a_o weatherglass_n out_o of_o it_o into_o water_n and_o from_o the_o latter_a into_o it_o again_o whether_o shall_v ammoniac_a mix_v with_o sand_n or_o earth_n will_v cool_v drink_v better_o than_o without_o when_o the_o mixture_n be_v sprinkle_v with_o water_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o try_v but_o i_o have_v find_v the_o aforementioned_a mixture_n cool_a liquor_n convenient_o enough_o after_o midsummer_n march_n 27._o a_o seal_a weatherglass_n be_v immerse_v in_o water_n the_o spirit_n that_o rest_v at_o 8_o 1_o â—_o inch_n descend_v to_o 7_o â—_o 8_o and_o then_o the_o sal-armon_a be_v put_v in_o within_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n it_o descend_v to_o 2_o 1_o â—_o â…™_n inch_n and_o before_o that_o time_n it_o begin_v to_o condense_a the_o vapour_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o when_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n be_v cold_a water_n place_v thin_a on_o the_o outside_n will_v be_v freeze_v in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o minute_n about_o 3_o â—_o of_o a_o hour_n after_o the_o salt_n be_v put_v in_o the_o tinged_a liquor_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o water_n into_o it_o subside_v a_o inch_n below_o the_o freeze_a mark._n at_o 2_o ½_n hour_n after_o the_o first_o solution_n it_o be_v at_o 5_o ½_n inches_n or_o 4_o ¾_n which_o mark_v the_o liquor_n stand_v at_o in_o hard_a and_o last_a frost_n in_o the_o winter_n three_o hour_n after_o the_o first_o dissolution_n the_o liquor_n stand_v at_o the_o uppermost_a freeze_a mark._n in_o try_v of_o which_o experiment_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o some_o water_n be_v shed_v it_o freeze_v the_o cucurbite_n to_o the_o table_n it_o stand_v on_o in_o another_o experiment_n before_o the_o weatherglass_n be_v put_v in_o it_o stand_v at_o 8_o â…›_n but_o when_o immerse_v in_o water_n it_o sink_v to_o 7_o â…_n or_o 6_o 8_o in_o half_a a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n in_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n it_o subside_v to_o 7_o ¾_n and_o in_o a_o hour_n below_o 5_o and_o consequent_o within_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o low_a freeze_a mark._n salt_n which_o once_o have_v be_v dissolve_v may_v by_o be_v crystallize_v in_o a_o iron_n vessel_n be_v fit_a for_o use_v again_o so_o march_v 29._o the_o thermoscope_n which_o in_o the_o air_n stand_v at_o 8_o â…ž_n in_o water_n subside_v to_o 8_o and_o in_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n make_v of_o salt_n twice_o use_v before_o it_o subside_v to_o 4_o inch_n but_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o fresh_a water_n it_o rise_v gradual_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o positive_a and_o privative_a nature_n of_o cold._n answer_v argument_n allege_v in_o favour_n of_o its_o positive_a nature_n answer_v before_o i_o proceed_v to_o enumerate_v what_o argument_n may_v be_v allege_v either_o for_o the_o positive_a or_o privative_a nature_n of_o cold_a i_o shall_v brief_o intimate_v that_o the_o word_n cold_a may_v be_v either_o consider_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o effect_n such_o body_n have_v upon_o the_o sensory_a or_o upon_o other_o body_n if_o in_o the_o latter_a then_o in_o frosty_a wether_n the_o sun_n may_v be_v say_v to_o warm_v the_o air_n because_o it_o enable_v it_o to_o melt_v the_o snow_n and_o thaw_v ice_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a warm_a water_n be_v say_v to_o be_v cold_a in_o respect_n of_o a_o hand_n that_o be_v much_o hot_a argument_n the_o first_o argument_n but_o to_o pass_v on_o to_o argument_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o positive_a nature_n of_o cold_a the_o first_o argument_n allege_v be_v the_o considerable_a effect_n it_o have_v both_o upon_o the_o sensory_a and_o other_o body_n so_o that_o we_o may_v sum_n our_o argument_n up_o in_o the_o word_n of_o gassendus_fw-la two_o sunt_fw-la frigoris_fw-la effectus_fw-la quales_fw-la habere_fw-la privatio_fw-la quae_fw-la actionis_fw-la est_fw-la incapax_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o heat_n and_o cold_a depend_v only_o on_o a_o great_a or_o less_o degree_n of_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n than_o those_o about_o our_o sensory_a and_o all_o perception_n be_v carry_v to_o and_o distinguish_v in_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v various_a as_o that_o motion_n be_v different_a and_o it_o be_v likewise_o consider_v that_o when_o one_o body_n communicate_v motion_n to_o another_o it_o lose_v of_o its_o own_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o when_o i_o take_v a_o piece_n of_o ice_n into_o my_o hand_n and_o it_o be_v dissolve_v by_o the_o motion_n communicate_v to_o its_o part_n the_o motion_n which_o the_o humour_n in_o my_o hand_n lose_v by_o put_v
not_o that_o that_o act_v positive_o upon_o they_o but_o imbibe_v the_o moisture_n and_o i_o have_v see_v a_o cold_a liquor_n acquire_v a_o hardness_n its_o moisture_n be_v imbibe_v by_o a_o piece_n of_o bread_n immerse_v in_o it_o as_o also_o spirit_n of_o wine_n dephlegm_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n without_o so_o much_o as_o heat_v the_o aqueous_a part_n find_v a_o more_o ready_a and_o easy_a passage_n into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o alkaly_n than_o through_o the_o spiritous_a liquor_n and_o i_o know_v a_o saline_a body_n which_o when_o incorporate_v with_o water_n the_o water_n will_v leave_v this_o a_o consistent_a mass_n and_o be_v imbibe_v by_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o for_o a_o further_a illustration_n of_o the_o cartesian_a explication_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o camphire_n by_o float_v upon_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v become_v a_o fluid_a oil_n and_o continue_v in_o that_o form_n till_o the_o subtle_a spirit_n which_o by_o pervade_v it_o keep_v 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fire_n may_v not_o be_v say_v to_o grow_v cold_a rather_o than_o decalescere_fw-la since_o heat_n be_v only_o too_o brisk_a a_o agitation_n for_o our_o sensory_a when_o upon_o a_o removal_n of_o that_o cause_n and_o a_o decline_a of_o that_o motion_n it_o become_v less_o agitate_a than_o the_o humour_n about_o our_o sensory_a we_o may_v not_o then_o say_v it_o grow_v cold_o and_o cold_o till_o it_o become_v ice_n but_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o i_o have_v offer_v these_o argument_n against_o gassendus_fw-la yet_o i_o shall_v wave_v determine_v the_o controversy_n till_o further_o satisfy_v in_o some_o speculation_n and_o in_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o some_o particular_a experiment_n beside_o i_o will_v first_o know_v from_o those_o that_o will_v have_v cold_a to_o be_v a_o positive_a quality_n whether_o and_o on_o what_o account_n those_o little_a fragment_n of_o matter_n be_v cold_a whether_o their_o frigorifick_a atom_n have_v weight_n as_o 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produce_v a_o cold_a effervescense_n with_o a_o hiss_a noise_n and_o a_o considerable_a intumescense_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o glass_n which_o contain_v it_o will_v grow_v cold_a than_o before_o and_o gather_v a_o dew_n on_o the_o outside_n which_o will_v reach_v as_o high_a as_o the_o mixture_n but_o on_o the_o concave_a bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n there_o be_v no_o dew_n that_o be_v not_o sufficient_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n so_o that_o the_o mixture_n can_v not_o be_v suppose_v to_o sweat_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n since_o it_o taste_v not_o in_o the_o least_o of_o saline_a ingredient_n but_o lest_o our_o sense_n shall_v misinform_v we_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a in_o this_o mixture_n we_o at_o another_o time_n immerse_v a_o weatherglass_n in_o which_o the_o liquor_n subside_v above_o four_o inch_n low_a than_o in_o common_a water_n though_o the_o acid_n liquor_n itself_o be_v keep_v all_o night_n in_o a_o room_n with_o water_n be_v of_o the_o same_o temper_n with_o it_o which_o appear_v by_o a_o weatherglass_n immerse_v
by_o the_o hand_n above_o but_o only_o the_o surplusage_n of_o weight_n which_o surmount_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o water_n and_o though_o the_o schoolman_n tell_v we_o that_o this_o phaenomenon_n depend_v on_o the_o indisposition_n of_o water_n to_o weigh_v in_o its_o own_o place_n yet_o i_o have_v find_v that_o lead_v be_v convey_v into_o melt_a butter_n contain_v in_o a_o wooden_a box_n and_o that_o be_v suspend_v in_o water_n by_o a_o silken-thred_n at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o balance_n we_o observe_v that_o this_o be_v as_o much_o indispose_v to_o weigh_v as_o water_n in_o water_n no_o more_o weight_n than_o what_o surmount_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o water_n be_v make_v sensible_a by_o the_o balance_n but_o when_o it_o be_v partly_o raise_v out_o of_o the_o water_n or_o whole_o a_o great_a weight_n be_v requisite_a to_o counterbalance_v it_o for_o suppose_v that_o part_n of_o the_o bucket_n n_n to_o be_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n l_o m_o a_o great_a force_n be_v requisite_a to_o sustain_v it_o the_o weight_n of_o water_n incumbent_n on_o the_o surface_n p_o qui_fw-fr be_v not_o able_a to_o balance_v it_o and_o consequent_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bucket_n h_n will_v scarce_o be_v press_v upward_o half_a so_o strong_o as_o before_o but_o if_o the_o bucket_n be_v raise_v to_o o_o the_o water_n be_v not_o at_o all_o contiguous_a to_o it_o can_v contribute_v to_o the_o support_v of_o it_o all_o that_o be_v further_a contain_v in_o this_o appendix_n be_v only_o a_o repetition_n of_o what_o have_v be_v already_o deliver_v on_o this_o subject_n i_o shall_v pass_v it_o by_o as_o needless_a to_o be_v repeat_v again_o appendix_n ii_o why_o divers_a and_o other_o who_o descend_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o oppress_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n from_o what_o have_v be_v already_o deliver_v it_o appear_v that_o water_n weigh_v in_o water_n and_o consequent_o press_v upon_o body_n contain_v in_o it_o i_o shall_v therefore_o before_o i_o propose_v my_o own_o opinion_n brief_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o follow_v and_o first_o monsieur_n des_fw-mi carry_v tell_v we_o 6._o see_v plate_n 4._o fig._n 6._o that_o if_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n be_v place_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n b_o so_o as_o to_o stop_v the_o orifice_n a_o he_o will_v feel_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n c_o b_o a_o incumbent_a on_o he_o but_o if_o he_o be_v place_v at_o b_o he_o will_v not_o be_v sensible_a of_o that_o weight_n because_o shall_v his_o body_n descend_v the_o water_n betwixt_o b_o and_z c_z will_v not_o descend_v with_o he_o but_o suppose_v the_o orifice_n a_o to_o be_v stop_v with_o a_o solid_a that_o will_v feel_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n because_o it_o hinder_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o water_n betwixt_o b_o and_z a_o but_o since_o the_o principle_n already_o lay_v down_o overthrow_v the_o foundation_n of_o this_o explication_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n true_a the_o reason_n will_v be_v that_o when_o his_o body_n be_v at_o a_o the_o man_n will_v sustain_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n without_o any_o subjacent_a water_n at_o a_o to_o buoy_v up_o against_o he_o whereas_o at_o b_o the_o subjacent_a water_n buoy_v up_o as_o much_o as_o the_o other_o press_v down_o or_o more_o but_o stevinus_n hydrostat_n lib._n 5._o pag._n 149._o say_v omni_fw-la pressu_fw-la quo_fw-la corpus_fw-la dolore_fw-la afficitur_fw-la pars_fw-la aliqua_fw-la corporis_fw-la luxatur_fw-la sed_fw-la isto_fw-la pressu_fw-la nulla_fw-la corporis_fw-la pars_fw-la luxatur_fw-la isto_fw-la igitur_fw-la pressu_fw-la corpus_fw-la dolore_fw-la nullo_n afficitur_fw-la sed_fw-la exemplo_fw-la clarius_fw-la ita_fw-la intelliges_fw-la esto_fw-la a_fw-la b_o c_o d_o 7._o see_v plate_n 4._o fig._n 7._o aqua_fw-la cujus_fw-la fundum_fw-la d_o c_o in_o quo_fw-la foramen_fw-la e_o habeat_fw-la epistomium_fw-la sibi_fw-la insertum_fw-la cvi_fw-la dorso_fw-la incumbat_fw-la homo_fw-la f_o quae_fw-la cum_fw-la ita_fw-la sint_fw-la ab_fw-la aquae_fw-la pondere_fw-la ipsi_fw-la insidente_fw-la nulla_fw-la pars_fw-la corporis_fw-la luxari_fw-la poterit_fw-la cum_fw-la aqua_fw-la undiquaque_fw-la aequaliter_fw-la urgeat_fw-la which_o solution_n may_v hold_v if_o the_o question_n be_v only_a why_o the_o body_n of_o a_o diver_n be_v not_o press_v down_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o as_o for_o what_o he_o say_v viz._n that_o the_o equality_n and_o uniformness_n of_o the_o pressure_n make_v it_o less_o sensible_a i_o be_o of_o his_o opinion_n for_o though_o in_o the_o air_n the_o pressure_n of_o it_o be_v not_o perceivable_a for_o a_o like_a reason_n yet_o if_o one_o hand_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o top_n of_o a_o receiver_n and_o the_o air_n exhaust_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o incumbent_a atmosphere_n will_v cause_v a_o sensible_a pain_n and_o to_o show_v that_o the_o uniformity_n of_o the_o pressure_n and_o the_o firmness_n of_o the_o body_n of_o divers_a may_v enable_v they_o to_o bear_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v include_v a_o tad-pole_n in_o a_o instrument_n 8._o see_v plate_n 4._o fig._n 8._o such_o as_o fig._n 8._o plate_n the_o four_o describe_v the_o plug_n be_v so_o far_o depress_v that_o the_o air_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o pipe_n be_v compress_v into_o a_o eight_o part_n of_o the_o space_n it_o possess_v before_o so_o that_o the_o pressure_n upon_o the_o water_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n three_o hundred_o foot_n high_a yet_o the_o tad-pole_n move_v up_o and_o down_o as_o nimble_o as_o before_o be_v not_o at_o all_o indispose_v though_o its_o body_n appear_v to_o be_v compress_v into_o less_o room_n than_o before_o chap._n vii_o a_o hydrostatical_a discourse_n etc._n etc._n all_z that_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o discourse_n be_v chief_o a_o repetition_n 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attempt_v to_o deduce_v generation_n and_o corruption_n from_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o convention_n and_o dissolution_n and_o their_o alteration_n from_o the_o transposition_n of_o their_o atom_n though_o i_o believe_v they_o all_o three_o be_v concern_v in_o generation_n as_o well_o as_o corruption_n and_o alteration_n what_o generatition_n corruption_n etc._n etc._n what_o these_o thing_n premise_v our_o doctrine_n of_o generation_n corruption_n and_o alteration_n may_v be_v comprise_v in_o a_o few_o word_n for_o when_o there_o be_v such_o a_o concurrence_n of_o accident_n as_o be_v requisite_a to_o constitute_v any_o determinate_a species_n such_o a_o species_n be_v say_v to_o be_v generate_v in_o which_o action_n no_o new_a substance_n be_v produce_v but_o that_o which_o be_v preaexistent_a obtain_v a_o new_a manner_n of_o existence_n or_o new_a modification_n which_o be_v evident_a in_o the_o make_n of_o a_o watch_n where_o the_o part_n be_v the_o same_o when_o 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different_o modify_v by_o a_o coalition_n of_o matter_n subject_a to_o so_o many_o accident_n as_o matter_n in_o motion_n must_v be_v its_o part_n be_v subject_a to_o be_v alter_v various_o by_o the_o addition_n comminution_n or_o substraction_n of_o a_o few_o part_n of_o matter_n chap._n ii_o further_a consideration_n concern_v particular_a quality_n have_v say_v thus_o much_o of_o the_o quality_n of_o body_n in_o general_n i_o now_o proceed_v to_o particular_n and_o here_o i_o shall_v not_o spend_v time_n in_o reckon_v up_o all_o the_o different_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n quality_n since_o what_o follow_v will_v explain_v what_o sense_n we_o use_v it_o in_o i_o shall_v therefore_o only_o in_o short_a intimate_v that_o several_a thing_n have_v be_v account_v quality_n quality_n primary_n modes_n of_o matter_n and_o complexion_n of_o quality_n mistake_v for_o real_a quality_n which_o seem_v rato_fw-la be_v complexion_n of_o they_o as_o inanimal_n animal_n health_n and_o beauty_n the_o last_o of_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o result_n of_o
symmetry_n and_o complexion_n with_o agreeable_a and_o delightful_a colour_n there_o be_v other_o state_n of_o matter_n also_o as_o rest_n and_o motion_n size_n and_o shape_n usual_o call_v quality_n which_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v account_v primary_n modes_n of_o matter_n but_o this_o concern_v name_n rather_o than_o thing_n i_o shall_v wave_v the_o usual_a division_n of_o quality_n treat_v of_o they_o according_a to_o the_o follow_a division_n viz._n first_o i_o shall_v consider_v they_o under_o two_o head_n to_o wit_n manifest_a and_o occult_a quality_n the_o former_a of_o which_o we_o shall_v divide_v gredient_n of_o a_o body_n be_v evident_a since_o water_n hermetical_o seal_v be_v freeze_v instead_o of_o retain_v fluidity_n and_o transparency_n become_v brittle_a firm_a and_o sometime_o opacous_a which_o quality_n upon_o a_o thaw_v it_o again_o lose_v also_o fix_v metal_n bare_o by_o be_v hammer_v become_v brittle_a which_o quality_n it_o present_o lose_v when_o heat_v in_o the_o 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as_o straight_o circular_a hyperbolical_a ellyptical_a etc._n etc._n as_o also_o according_a to_o the_o different_o figure_v part_n they_o strike_v against_o to_o which_o cause_n of_o variety_n may_v be_v add_v the_o different_a size_n or_o shape_v of_o the_o body_n move_v as_o also_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o compound_v body_n and_o the_o different_a modification_n of_o their_o ingredient_n and_o likewise_o of_o the_o medium_n through_o which_o they_o move_v as_o well_o as_o the_o degreess_n of_o impulse_n and_o the_o effect_n of_o these_o may_v be_v vary_v again_o according_a to_o the_o different_a situation_n or_o determinate_a nature_n of_o the_o body_n they_o strike_v against_o motion_n musical_a instrument_n afford_v instance_n of_o the_o various_a effect_n of_o motion_n and_o that_o motion_n be_v able_a to_o produce_v a_o vast_a variety_n of_o effect_n we_o may_v learn_v from_o musical_a instrument_n where_o according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o air_n be_v motion_n arise_v from_o the_o various_a
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into_o a_o orderly_a and_o well_o contrive_v fabric_n chap._n iu_o consideration_n concern_v subordinate_a form_n as_o they_o be_v usual_o hold_v by_o several_a learned_a modern_a philosopher_n it_o be_v usual_o hold_v by_o several_a modern_a philosopher_n that_o beside_o the_o specific_a form_n of_o a_o body_n form_n the_o notion_n of_o modern_a philosopher_n concern_v subordinate_a form_n there_o be_v several_a subordinate_a form_n in_o determinate_a part_n of_o it_o subservient_fw-fr to_o that_o which_o be_v the_o common_a form_n of_o the_o whole_a substance_n and_o which_o upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o a_o body_n become_v specific_a form_n themselves_o the_o specific_a form_n which_o preside_v over_o they_o before_o be_v destroy_v as_o when_o in_o a_o live_a animal_n the_o soul_n which_o be_v the_o specific_a form_n of_o that_o animal_n body_n be_v separate_v from_o it_o the_o form_n which_o be_v before_o lodge_v in_o every_o part_n as_o subordinate_a
part_n yet_o when_o it_o cease_v to_o be_v water_v with_o a_o continual_a supply_n of_o sap_n the_o sap_n be_v only_o disperse_v in_o the_o air_n or_o intercept_v and_o spend_v in_o some_o other_o part_n of_o the_o tree_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o nothing_o at_o all_o perish_v but_o only_o the_o manner_n of_o union_n and_o the_o particular_a modification_n of_o those_o part_n of_o matter_n cease_v so_o that_o those_o solid_a part_n be_v no_o long_o fit_o adapt_v to_o be_v nourish_v by_o those_o fluid_n which_o instance_n may_v serve_v to_o illustrate_v our_o doctrine_n though_o there_o be_v considerable_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o thing_n compare_v inasmuch_o as_o a_o plant_n have_v not_o always_o that_o aptitude_n to_o be_v again_o actuate_v as_o the_o mill_n have_v but_o there_o be_v some_o instance_n which_o may_v render_v the_o difference_n less_o considerable_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o rose_n of_o jericho_n which_o though_o for_o several_a year_n gather_v 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suspenduntur_fw-la donec_fw-la justam_fw-la maturitatem_fw-la &_o flavedinem_fw-la consequantur_fw-la and_o he_o also_o say_v of_o the_o bough_n when_o lope_v off_o ramus_fw-la autem_fw-la ille_fw-la fructibus_fw-la onustus_fw-la interea_fw-la dum_fw-la illi_fw-la maturescunt_fw-la augetur_fw-la floresque_fw-la semper_fw-la protrudit_fw-la ex_fw-la corpore_fw-la illo_fw-la foliâ—ceo_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v not_o less_o remarkable_a that_o onion_n and_o such_o like_a fruit_n as_o well_o as_o potato_n will_v shoot_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n though_o suspend_v in_o the_o air._n but_o not_o here_o to_o take_v notice_n how_o far_o these_o thing_n may_v result_v from_o the_o exertion_n of_o latent_fw-la and_o seminal_a principle_n i_o shall_v rather_o observe_v that_o several_a thing_n usual_o ascribe_v to_o the_o soul_n may_v result_v even_o from_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o body_n concur_v with_o external_a cause_n as_o the_o hair_n or_o nail_n will_v grow_v considerable_o 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considerable_a change_n in_o the_o humour_n be_v enough_o to_o obstruct_v circulation_n on_o which_o life_n so_o much_o depend_v thus_o in_o palsy_n though_o there_o be_v no_o visible_a change_n yet_o by_o a_o indisposition_n either_o in_o the_o humour_n or_o vessel_n the_o part_n become_v void_a of_o sense_n as_o well_o as_o motion_n and_o even_o sleep_v itself_o so_o alter_v the_o disposition_n of_o our_o body_n that_o odour_n and_o sound_n be_v not_o perceive_v by_o a_o sleep_a man_n though_o nothing_o external_o obstruct_v the_o operation_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o lodge_v in_o the_o body_n and_o what_o considerable_a alteration_n in_o the_o humour_n may_v be_v effect_v without_o our_o perception_n may_v be_v urge_v from_o the_o effect_n which_o thunder_n have_v upon_o wine_n in_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o vinegar_n sour_a and_o uninflamable_a body_n the_o former_a doctrine_n of_o subordinate_a form_n apply_v to_o inanimate_a body_n but_o to_o render_v what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o 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without_o make_v long_o and_o tedious_a excursion_n apply_v it_o chief_o to_o inanimate_a body_n and_o first_o i_o shall_v consider_v 1._o that_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o technical_a word_n form_n be_v indeterminate_a since_o it_o be_v not_o agree_v what_o be_v enough_o to_o determine_v what_o form_n body_n be_v of_o it_o be_v not_o only_o dispute_v whether_o water_n by_o be_v freeze_v lose_v its_o form_n or_o not_o but_o further_o several_a body_n have_v no_o particular_a form_n assign_v to_o they_o as_o ink_n gunpowder_n beer_n coal_n etc._n etc._n nay_o some_o body_n consider_v in_o different_a respect_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v more_o form_n than_o one_o as_o in_o vitrum_fw-la saturni_n which_o be_v make_v of_o lead_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o have_v the_o form_n of_o a_o metal_n or_o glass_n since_o it_o have_v a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o quality_n of_o both_o as_o fusibility_n transparency_n and_o brittleness_n and_o will_v contrary_a to_o common_a glass_n 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bullet_n act_n on_o a_o plane_n by_o virtue_n of_o its_o whole_a specific_a gravity_n though_o it_o touch_v the_o plane_n but_o in_o a_o point_n the_o other_o part_n act_v on_o it_o by_o the_o intervention_n of_o that_o or_o as_o in_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n the_o whole_a substance_n of_o a_o man_n and_o all_o that_o he_o have_v about_o he_o press_v upon_o the_o scale_n though_o he_o touch_v it_o but_o with_o his_o foot_n but_o to_o use_v a_o instance_n of_o the_o concurrent_a or_o actio_fw-la communis_fw-la of_o a_o organical_a body_n the_o effect_n of_o a_o compound_v body_n be_v like_o that_o of_o a_o watch_n where_o if_o any_o part_n be_v want_v the_o complex_n action_n so_o much_o depend_v on_o the_o common_a and_o joynt-action_n of_o the_o whole_a that_o the_o action_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v destroy_v form_n inanimate_a body_n have_v subordinate_a form_n v._o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n to_o admit_v of_o subordinate_a form_n in_o body_n inanimate_a against_o this_o it_o 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more_o clear_o understand_v how_o a_o superadded_a form_n modify_v the_o action_n of_o a_o body_n we_o need_v but_o reflect_v on_o the_o part_n of_o a_o watch_n from_o whence_o the_o forma_fw-la totius_fw-la proceed_v where_o we_o may_v see_v how_o the_o spring_n by_o be_v bend_v acquire_v a_o tendency_n to_o expand_v and_o how_o the_o wheel_n moderate_v that_o expansion_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v gather_v how_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n which_o unite_v make_v the_o forma_fw-la totius_fw-la concur_v in_o superad_v several_a new_a quality_n to_o the_o whole_a so_o a_o piece_n of_o lead_n be_v vitrify_v by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n by_o which_o action_n the_o part_n which_o before_o be_v pliable_a become_v brittle_a and_o be_v otherwise_o range_v as_o to_o situation_n give_v way_n to_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n and_o become_v transparent_a and_o salt-petre_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o coal_n and_o sulphur_n instead_o of_o burn_v by_o degree_n and_o leave_v a_o alkalizate_a 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small_a a_o accident_n as_o moâ—â—â—â—_n oâ—_n whatever_o distinguish_v wind_n and_o exhalaâ—â—â—…_n be_v enough_o to_o entitle_v they_o to_o distinct_a species_n of_o body_n a_o great_a right_o may_v be_v presume_v 〈◊〉_d paper_n and_o rag_n glass_n and_o wood-ash_n shall_v be_v esteem_v so_o too_o as_o also_o soap_n sugar_n gunpowder_n etc._n etc._n for_o it_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a objection_n that_o most_o of_o these_o body_n be_v factitious_a for_o the_o present_a state_n of_o a_o body_n denominate_v its_o species_n however_o it_o come_v by_o that_o nature_n as_o the_o salt_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n by_o the_o sun_n act_v upon_o the_o sea-water_n be_v as_o much_o salt_n as_o that_o which_o be_v artificial_o make_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n by_o boil_a sea-water_n in_o chauldron_n and_o silkworm_n and_o chicken_n hatch_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o oven_n or_o dunghill_n be_v equal_o as_o much_o silkworm_n or_o chicken_n as_o those_o produce_v by_o 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preserve_v entire_a lest_o they_o shall_v want_v a_o
sufficient_a quantity_n of_o liquor_n to_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o move_v in_o order_n to_o their_o more_o curious_a and_o congruous_a coalition_n i_o continue_v they_o in_o a_o moderate_a heat_n for_o some_o time_n and_o then_o break_v the_o crust_n i_o have_v a_o variety_n of_o figure_v lump_n of_o crystalline_a salt_n transparent_a and_o not_o much_o unlike_a white_a sugar-candy_n salt_n from_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o a_o solution_n of_o sea_n salt_n likewise_o have_v several_a time_n distil_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o a_o strong_a solution_n of_o sea-salt_n together_o till_o the_o matter_n leave_v behind_o be_v dry_a that_o salt_n substance_n when_o dissolve_v in_o water_n filtrate_v and_o evaporate_v will_v shoot_v into_o salt_n of_o figure_n differenr_v according_a to_o the_o various_a proportion_n of_o the_o ingredient_n yet_o nevertheless_o though_o sometime_o in_o the_o same_o glass_n the_o salt_n will_v be_v of_o different_a figure_n yet_o will_v they_o be_v more_o exquisite_o figure_v than_o those_o of_o vitriol_n often_o be_v and_o from_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n digest_v long_o together_o nitre_n from_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o nitre_n i_o have_v get_v crystal_n much_o like_o in_o shape_n to_o crystal_n of_o salt-petre_n and_o i_o have_v obtain_v plate_n of_o crystal_n make_v up_o of_o solid_n very_o curious_o shape_v and_o so_o congruous_o adapt_v as_o to_o make_v a_o very_a plain_a surface_n much_o different_a from_o what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o mention_v from_o a_o solution_n of_o silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la or_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n when_o i_o have_v order_v it_o so_o that_o it_o shall_v shoot_v leisurely_o three_o i_o have_v several_a way_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o insensible_a part_n of_o matter_n of_o various_a though_o very_o curious_a shape_v guard_v with_o plain_a as_o well_o as_o smooth_a side_n will_v convene_v into_o body_n different_o shape_v and_o though_o blood_n urine_n and_o hart's-horn_n may_v probable_o have_v their_o substantial_a form_n destroy_v by_o the_o fire_n yet_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o saline_n part_n with_o which_o they_o be_v impregnate_v be_v of_o the_o figure_n just_a now_o mention_v in_o the_o liquor_n they_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o shoot_v leisurely_o i_o have_v observe_v several_a mass_n the_o surface_n of_o some_o of_o which_o be_v plain_n very_o curious_a and_o delightful_a and_o the_o figure_n of_o other_o exact_o geometrical_a and_o stillatious_a acid_n as_o well_o as_o the_o body_n they_o be_v appropriate_v to_o dissolve_v into_o crystal_n various_o figure_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la or_o the_o body_n it_o work_v upon_o as_o i_o have_v experience_v with_o a_o menstruum_fw-la which_o will_v dissolve_v gem_n and_o likewise_o with_o coral_n dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o verdigreece_n for_o which_o reason_n when_o i_o try_v whether_o the_o shape_v of_o the_o particle_n of_o silver_n dissolve_v in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v dispose_v they_o copper_n salt_n obtain_v from_o a_o solution_n of_o copper_n without_o a_o coagulation_n with_o salt_n to_o shoot_v into_o smooth_a and_o flat_a concretion_n i_o observe_v that_o part_n of_o the_o solution_n be_v dilute_v with_o distil_a rain-water_n and_o a_o copperplate_n immerse_v in_o the_o liquor_n after_o it_o have_v remain_v there_o a_o while_n cluster_n of_o metalline_a body_n devoid_a of_o transparency_n settle_v about_o it_o join_v together_o in_o plate_n very_o thin_a yet_o very_o glossy_a and_o flat_a the_o edge_n of_o the_o large_a be_v pretty_o shape_v gold_n from_o gold_n and_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o gold_n be_v apt_a enough_o to_o associate_v with_o congruous_a salt_n and_o to_o compose_v body_n of_o determinate_a size_n i_o have_v observe_v in_o crystal_n afford_v i_o by_o gold_n dissolve_v in_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o be_v preserve_v in_o a_o cold_a place_n till_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n be_v evaporate_v and_o from_o the_o part_n of_o gold_n divide_v by_o a_o strong_a menstruum_fw-la so_o minutely_o as_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v sublime_v i_o have_v obtain_v crystal_n much_o of_o the_o same_o shape_n though_o different_a in_o size_n from_o one_o another_o and_o i_o remember_v have_v long_o since_o dissolve_v several_a saline_n body_n together_o in_o water_n by_o a_o gentle_a evaporation_n they_o have_v yield_v concretes_n different_a in_o shape_n from_o each_o of_o the_o ingredient_n but_o it_o oftentimes_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o associate_v they_o because_o some_o be_v dispose_v to_o crystallize_v soon_o than_o other_o as_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o purify_n barbary_n nitre_n from_o the_o common_a salt_n it_o be_v mix_v with_o and_o as_o agricola_n lib._n 12._o de_fw-la re_fw-la metallica_fw-la take_v notice_n where_o a_o vitriolate_a substance_n and_o that_o from_o whence_o allom_n be_v draw_v be_v join_v together_o yet_o venetian_n borax_n borax_n crystal_n obtain_v from_o venetian_a borax_n though_o make_v up_o of_o several_a salt_n yield_v crystal_n of_o very_a regular_n and_o geometrical_a figure_n and_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n of_o common_a aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o consist_v of_o body_n disagreeable_a in_o nature_n by_o frequent_a solution_n and_o coagulation_n of_o their_o saline_n part_n yield_v salt_n of_o very_a curious_a figure_n as_o triangle_n rhomboid_v hexagon_n prism_n and_o pyramid_n compose_v of_o several_a triangle_n meet_v in_o a_o vertical_a point_n and_o as_o curious_o shape_v as_o cornish_a diamond_n but_o the_o acquisition_n of_o new_a shape_v by_o be_v compound_v be_v not_o only_o practicable_a in_o these_o grosser_n but_o even_o in_o chemical_a salt_n which_o affect_v one_o another_o with_o a_o ebullition_n because_o in_o that_o conflict_n the_o volatile_a spirit_n unite_v and_o lose_v much_o of_o their_o force_n so_o that_o be_v less_o apt_a to_o fly_v away_o upon_o evaporation_n etc._n salt_n obtain_v from_o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o nitre_n etc._n etc._n they_o form_n curious_o shape_v crystal_n as_o i_o have_v experience_v with_o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n spirit_n of_o sheep_n blood_n and_o of_o salt_n spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o likewise_o with_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o spirit_n of_o urine_n the_o last_o of_o which_o show_v how_o much_o compound_v figure_n be_v owe_v to_o the_o union_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o ingredient_n of_o which_o they_o be_v compose_v the_o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o salt_n afford_v concretes_n different_a from_o those_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o spirit_n of_o urine_n the_o shape_n of_o the_o first_o be_v like_o that_o of_o a_o comb_n who_o tooth_n stand_v out_o on_o each_o side_n or_o like_o a_o feather_n the_o crystal_n on_o each_o side_n be_v so_o much_o incline_v crystal_n of_o a_o like_a figure_n to_o which_o ammoniac_a from_o soot_n and_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a arise_v from_o a_o just_a proportion_n of_o soot_n dissolve_v and_o coagulate_v with_o common_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a four_o to_o confirm_v what_o i_o have_v above_o deliver_v concern_v the_o origin_n of_o vitriol_n and_o also_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o figure_n of_o its_o part_n depend_v on_o the_o texture_n of_o its_o ingredient_n i_o shall_v add_v another_o particular_a which_o be_v that_o have_v compare_v the_o composition_n of_o artificial_a vitriol_n i_o think_v it_o may_v reasonable_o be_v rank_v under_o the_o same_o species_n with_o the_o natural_a to_o which_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o have_v also_o consider_v that_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v improper_a menstruum_n to_o dissolve_v several_a metal_n i_o make_v use_v of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o with_o copper_n make_v a_o curious_a vitriol_n and_o with_o silver_n it_o afford_v crystal_n shoot_v into_o thin_a plate_n and_o with_o lead_n and_o quick_a silver_n it_o yield_v crystal_n far_o more_o thick_a and_o different_o shape_v from_o each_o other_o now_o if_o from_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o curious_a figure_n of_o salt_n general_o allege_v as_o argument_n of_o the_o necessity_n of_o substantial_a form_n depend_v mere_o upon_o texture_n why_o may_v not_o the_o more_o ordinary_a phaenomena_n of_o nature_n since_o it_o be_v manifest_v that_o matter_n and_o a_o congery_n of_o accident_n be_v sufficient_a to_o account_v for_o what_o be_v usual_o attribute_v to_o imaginary_a form_n neither_o can_v i_o see_v reason_n why_o argument_n ground_v on_o the_o quality_n and_o effect_n of_o body_n esteem_v factitious_a may_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v we_o what_o may_v be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o mechanical_a affection_n of_o the_o universal_a mass_n of_o matter_n since_o it_o be_v not_o agree_v how_o factitious_a shall_v be_v distinguish_v from_o that_o species_n of_o body_n call_v the_o production_n of_o nature_n in_o favour_n of_o which_o gunpowder_n be_v no_o despicable_a instance_n where_o by_o a_o bare_a mixture_n
of_o transparent_a liquor_n and_o a_o dry_a brittle_a caput_n mortuum_n i_o reduce_v the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n into_o powder_n which_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v turn_v from_o a_o red_a to_o a_o pure_a yellow_a colour_n and_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o liquor_n be_v form_v into_o a_o red_a balsam_n which_o by_o a_o continue_a digestion_n begin_v to_o lose_v that_o colour_n so_o that_o the_o powder_n be_v whole_o dissolve_v it_o can_v not_o be_v distinguish_v from_o laudable_a turpentine_n chap._n viii_o experiment_n concern_v the_o origin_n of_o quality_n and_o form_n have_v in_o some_o of_o the_o forego_n chapter_n give_v a_o short_a scheme_n of_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o corpuscularian_a philosophy_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n our_o experiment_n concern_v the_o production_n and_o change_n of_o particular_a quality_n i_o shall_v now_o lay_v down_o such_o natural_a phaenomena_n as_o induce_v i_o to_o take_v up_o such_o notion_n in_o which_o not_o art_n but_o nature_n discover_v her_o operation_n experiment_n i._n quality_n a_o experiment_n to_o illustrate_v what_o have_v be_v deliver_v concern_v form_n and_o quality_n the_o first_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o be_v what_o occur_v in_o hatch_n of_o a_o egg._n and._n first_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o in_o a_o prolific_a egg_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o bone_n and_o membrane_n be_v call_v similar_v part_n of_o a_o animal_n the_o liquor_n of_o the_o yolk_n as_o well_o as_o the_o white_a be_v to_o sense_n a_o similar_v substance_n though_o by_o distillation_n several_a substance_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o they_o second_o that_o by_o beat_v the_o white_a of_o a_o egg_n well_o it_o lose_v much_o of_o its_o tenacity_n and_o become_v a_o fluid_a body_n in_o which_o agitation_n there_o be_v only_o a_o mechanical_a alteration_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o body_n three_o that_o the_o rudiment_n of_o the_o chick_n lodge_v in_o the_o cicatricula_fw-la be_v nourish_v only_o by_o the_o white_a till_o it_o become_v a_o great_a chick_n the_o yolk_n be_v reserve_v as_o a_o strong_a nourishment_n till_o the_o white_a be_v spend_v and_o the_o chick_n be_v able_a to_o digest_v it_o and_o in_o effect_n the_o chick_n seem_v to_o be_v furnish_v with_o head_n wing_n beak_n and_o claw_n before_o the_o yolk_n be_v touch_v last_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a to_o be_v admire_v that_o so_o soft_a and_o similar_v a_o liquor_n as_o that_o of_o a_o egg_n shall_v be_v in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n change_v into_o a_o chick_n endow_v with_o organical_a part_n of_o different_a fabric_n and_o similar_v one_o different_a in_o texture_n very_o much_o from_o one_o another_o beside_o the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o the_o solid_a part_n be_v as_o different_a as_o the_o former_a and_o endow_v first_o with_o new_a quality_n as_o colour_n taste_v odour_n heat_v hardness_n etc._n etc._n second_o quality_n distinct_a from_o sensible_a one_o as_o fludity_n consistency_n hardness_n and_o flexibility_n etc._n etc._n three_o occult_a quality_n as_o when_o bird_n or_o part_n of_o animal_n afford_v specific_a medicine_n or_o at_o least_o most_o noble_a one_o but_o four_o since_o some_o may_v object_n that_o these_o part_n be_v form_v by_o the_o plastic_a power_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o that_o a_o chick_n be_v not_o a_o mechanical_o contrive_v engine_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o let_v the_o plastic_a principle_n be_v what_o it_o will_v yet_o still_o be_v a_o physical_a agent_n it_o must_v act_v after_o a_o physical_a manner_n and_o have_v no_o other_o matter_n to_o work_v upon_o but_o the_o white_a of_o the_o egg_n it_o can_v work_v upon_o that_o matter_n but_o as_o physical_a agent_n and_o consequent_o can_v but_o divide_v the_o matter_n into_o minute_n part_n of_o several_a size_n and_o shape_v and_o by_o local_a motion_n so_o various_o contex_fw-la they_o as_o be_v requisite_a to_o produce_v a_o animal_n of_o this_o or_o that_o species_n though_o from_o so_o many_o various_a texture_n of_o the_o part_n form_v there_o must_v natural_o arise_v such_o different_a colour_n taste_n and_o consistency_n and_o other_o quality_n as_o we_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o for_o we_o be_v not_o here_o to_o consider_v so_o much_o what_o be_v the_o agent_n or_o efficient_a in_o these_o production_n but_o after_o what_o manner_n the_o matter_n they_o be_v make_v of_o be_v affect_v in_o produce_v they_o to_o illustrate_v which_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o a_o man_n who_o be_v to_o frame_v a_o building_n or_o some_o curious_a engine_n though_o he_o may_v by_o the_o help_n of_o reason_n and_o art_n skilful_o contrive_v his_o material_n yet_o he_o can_v but_o move_v divide_z transpose_v and_o contex_fw-la the_o several_a part_n into_o which_o he_o reduce_v the_o matter_n assign_v and_o that_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o hen_n do_v not_o any_o more_o contribute_v to_o the_o form_n of_o a_o chick_n be_v plain_a fince_n we_o be_v assure_v that_o multitude_n of_o egg_n may_v be_v hatch_v mere_o by_o the_o regulate_v heat_n either_o of_o oven_n or_o dunghill_n whence_o it_o easy_o appear_v that_o the_o plastic_a power_n no_o otherwise_o contribute_v to_o the_o formation_n of_o a_o chick_n than_o by_o guide_v the_o part_n of_o the_o white_a put_v into_o motion_n by_o the_o external_a heat_n so_o that_o they_o may_v associate_v after_o a_o manner_n necessary_a to_o produce_v a_o organical_a chick_n experiment_n ii_o form_n water_n may_v by_o alter_v its_o texture_n put_v on_o new_a form_n water_n though_o a_o homogeneous_a diaphanous_a fluid_a body_n devoid_a of_o colour_n taste_v and_o smell_v etc._n etc._n may_v by_o alter_v the_o texture_n of_o its_o part_n acquire_v attribute_n different_a from_o these_o this_o be_v evident_a in_o the_o growth_n of_o vegetable_n when_o nourish_v even_o by_o simple_a water_n in_o bottle_n where_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o crows-foot_n after_o six_o month_n growht_n weigh_v above_o three_o time_n as_o much_o as_o before_o it_o be_v put_v in_o but_o not_o only_a crows-foot_n but_o several_a other_o plant_n owe_v their_o substance_n to_o the_o particle_n of_o water_n alter_v in_o texture_n as_o spearmint_n marjorane_n raphanus_n aquaticus_fw-la and_o ranunculus_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v infer_v that_o the_o same_o particle_n of_o matter_n which_o compose_v water_n may_v by_o have_v their_o part_n different_o modify_v produce_v several_a concretes_n endue_v with_o different_a quality_n as_o firmness_n volatility_n colour_n smell_v and_o taste_v together_o with_o other_o specific_a or_o occult_a quality_n yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v admire_v that_o so_o insipid_a a_o body_n as_o water_n shall_v be_v convert_v into_o a_o juice_n so_o caustick_a as_o that_o of_o ranunculus_n or_o one_o so_o inflammable_a as_o oil_n which_o may_v be_v draw_v by_o distillation_n from_o plant_n only_o nourish_v in_o bottle_n observation_n iii_o substance_n all_o plant_n may_v be_v nourish_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o substance_n it_o be_v usual_o believe_v that_o plant_n by_o the_o faculty_n of_o a_o vegetative_a soul_n select_a and_o suck_v in_o a_o juice_n appropriate_v to_o each_o rather_o than_o that_o they_o be_v all_o nourish_v by_o one_o juice_n different_o modify_v in_o that_o plant_n but_o the_o latter_a will_n easy_o appear_v if_o we_o consider_v what_o happen_v in_o graft_v and_o inoculation_n for_o if_o a_o pear-tree_n be_v graft_v into_o a_o white-thorn_n the_o aliment_n suck_v in_o by_o that_o root_n will_v be_v so_o alter_v as_o to_o yield_v nourishment_n to_o a_o pear_n fruit_n much_o different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o white-thorn_n the_o same_o be_v evident_a in_o inoculation_n where_o the_o sap_n select_v by_o the_o root_n be_v so_o alter_v in_o the_o bud_n inoculate_v that_o the_o same_o sap_n which_o in_o the_o genuine_a branch_n of_o the_o tree_n constitute_v one_o sort_n of_o fruit_n be_v turn_v into_o another_o in_o those_o spring_a from_o the_o inoculate_v bud._n and_o here_o it_o be_v further_a remarkable_a that_o not_o only_o the_o same_o juice_n yield_v various_a sort_n of_o substance_n in_o different_a plant_n but_o even_o in_o the_o same_o tree_n where_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o fruit_n differ_v from_o its_o flesh_n and_o that_o from_o the_o stone_n and_o all_o of_o they_o from_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tree_n not_o only_o in_o colour_n but_o several_a other_o quality_n as_o the_o blossom_n of_o a_o peach_n have_v a_o purgative_n virtue_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o fruit_n and_o garcias_n ab_fw-la horto_fw-la affirm_v that_o the_o seed_n of_o solutive_a cassia_n fistula_n be_v astringent_a a_o account_v not_o unlike_a to_o which_o we_o have_v of_o certain_a kernel_n of_o a_o fruit_n much_o like_o a_o white_a pear-plum_n by_o mr._n lygon_n in_o his_o history_n of_o barbados_n p._n 67_o 68_o five_o of_o which_o work_v a_o dozen_o time_n upward_o with_o he_o and_o twenty_o time_n
by_o stool_n yet_o by_o take_v away_o a_o thin_a film_n which_o divide_v the_o kernel_n into_o half_n the_o nut_n be_v as_o sweet_a as_o a_o jordan_n almond_n and_o have_v no_o sensible_a operation_n which_o relation_n be_v also_o favour_v by_o monardes_n under_o the_o title_n of_o fabae_fw-la purgatrice_n where_o he_o speak_v of_o a_o purgative_n fruit_n bring_v from_o america_n from_o carthagena_n and_o also_o from_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios._n and_o vincent_n le_fw-fr blank_n in_o his_o survey_n of_o the_o world_n p._n 260._o part._n 2._o give_v a_o account_n of_o a_o golden_a apple_n as_o bitter_a as_o gall_n contain_v five_o kernel_n of_o a_o equal_a bigness_n with_o almond_n who_o juice_n be_v sweet_a and_o he_o also_o relate_v that_o of_o a_o thick_a film_n which_o encompass_n the_o nut_n in_o the_o shell_n they_o prepare_v a_o excellent_a sweetmeat_n observation_n iu._n cheese_n further_a instance_n in_o cheese_n we_o have_v also_o a_o instance_n how_o matter_n may_v be_v 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be_v modify_v afresh_o the_o experiment_n be_v the_o follow_v viz._n digest_v for_o some_o time_n one_o part_n of_o sea-salt_n with_o a_o double_a proportion_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n which_o be_v distil_v in_o a_o retort_n till_o the_o caput_fw-la mortunm_n remain_v dry_a the_o follow_a change_n of_o quality_n will_v be_v observable_a first_o that_o it_o become_v a_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o will_v dissolve_v gold_n but_o not_o silver_n yet_o will_v precipitate_v the_o latter_a when_o dissolve_v in_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la second_o the_o taste_n be_v more_o mild_a affect_v the_o sensory_a rather_o like_o nitre_n than_o common_a salt_n three_o it_o become_v fusible_a like_a salt-petre_n and_o like_o nitre_n dissolve_v in_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n but_o four_o though_o it_o be_v a_o quality_n of_o sea-salt_n to_o resist_v the_o action_n of_o fire_n and_o of_o acid_n spirit_n to_o cool_v inflammation_n yet_o a_o lump_n of_o this_o matter_n cast_v upon_o coal_n flame_v like_o nitre_n as_o also_o by_o a_o addition_n of_o charcoal_n when_o melt_v in_o a_o crucible_n it_o will_v burn_v with_o a_o last_a and_o splendid_a flame_n which_o will_v again_o renew_v upon_o a_o fresh_a addition_n of_o burn_a charcoal_n but_o what_o i_o chief_o design_v in_o this_o experiment_n be_v to_o turn_v a_o acid_n into_o a_o alkaly_n alkaly_n a_o acid_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o alkaly_n which_o be_v effect_v by_o consume_v the_o more_o fugitive_n parth_n of_o the_o salt_n by_o repeat_v deflagration_n whereupon_o it_o acquire_v instead_o of_o a_o acid_n a_o lixiviate_v taste_n will_v turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a precipitate_v a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n into_o a_o orange_a colour_n and_o as_o other_o fix_a salt_n will_v ferment_n with_o even_a spirit_n of_o salt_n which_o alkalyzate_a nature_n can_v not_o be_v suppose_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o charcoal_n ash_n because_o the_o
what_o it_o have_v before_o but_o to_o render_v our_o present_a experiment_n more_o instructive_a i_o shall_v add_v another_o attempt_n to_o sublime_a gold_n after_o the_o follow_a method_n have_v then_o dissolve_v laminate_v gold_n in_o some_o of_o the_o above_o mention_v menstruum_fw-la we_o draw_v it_o off_o in_o a_o retort_n place_v in_o a_o sand-furnace_n by_o which_o mean_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o gold_n be_v elevate_v and_o either_o fell_a into_o the_o receiver_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o golden_a colour_a liquor_n or_o shoot_v into_o red_a crystal_n like_o ruby_n in_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o retort_n which_o in_o the_o air_n will_v run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la where_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o by_o a_o new_a affusion_n of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la upon_o the_o remain_a calx_fw-la more_o of_o itwould_v still_o be_v elevate_v by_o distillation_n but_o to_o make_v this_o experiment_n more_o serviceable_a it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o note_n that_o upon_o pour_v running_n mercury_n into_o this_o elevate_a tincture_n the_o particle_n of_o it_o be_v immediate_o guild_v and_o by_o degree_n the_o mercury_n be_v keep_v in_o motion_n the_o whole_a liquor_n lose_v its_o tincture_n which_o be_v decant_v and_o the_o guild_v mercury_n with_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o borax_n melt_v in_o a_o crucible_n the_o elevate_a gold_n be_v reduce_v into_o a_o mass_n which_o evince_v what_o i_o just_a now_o teach_v viz._n that_o a_o liquor_n may_v be_v tincture_v by_o have_v the_o part_n of_o that_o body_n from_o whence_o it_o receive_v its_o tincture_n convenient_o interweave_v in_o its_o texture_n without_o be_v whole_o destroy_v and_o here_o i_o think_v it_o seasonable_a to_o advertise_v that_o have_v elsewhere_o mention_v a_o volatile_a gold_n in_o some_o oar_n where_o none_o of_o that_o metal_n be_v to_o be_v find_v i_o will_v be_v understand_v to_o mean_v it_o volatile_a in_o no_o other_o sense_n than_o the_o forego_n sublimation_n intimate_v viz._n that_o its_o volatility_n depend_v on_o a_o mixture_n of_o volatile_a part_n which_o carry_v it_o along_o with_o they_o when_o dissolve_v into_o very_a minute_n part_n so_o as_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o swim_v in_o that_o vehicle_n experiment_n viii_o texture_n how_o so_o hard_a a_o body_n as_o silver_n etc._n etc._n may_v become_v a_o sour_a substance_n by_o a_o alteration_n of_o texture_n have_v dissolve_v a_o ounce_n of_o refine_a silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o permit_v it_o to_o crystalize_v we_o find_v that_o the_o silver_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o acid_n salt_n be_v increase_v in_o weight_n several_a drachm_n which_o distil_v in_o a_o retort_n with_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o heat_n as_o make_v the_o retort_n red_a hot_a yield_v a_o phlegm_n eminent_o sour_a which_o show_v that_o a_o very_a bitter_a body_n may_v yield_v a_o substance_n of_o a_o quite_o different_a taste_n for_o the_o liquor_n be_v cold_a in_o the_o receiver_n smoke_a as_o well_o as_o smell_v and_o taste_v like_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o by_o corrode_a copper_n turn_v it_o into_o a_o blevish_a colour_n after_o ward_v we_o make_v a_o solution_n of_o minium_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o have_v by_o filtration_n and_o evaporation_n procure_v a_o saccharum_n saturni_n we_o distil_v it_o in_o a_o well_o coated_a retort_n over_o a_o naked_a fire_n and_o obtain_v a_o offensive_a acid_n which_o have_v the_o smell_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o be_v put_v upon_o minium_n bubble_v and_o make_v a_o considerable_a noise_n present_o afford_v a_o liquor_n from_o which_o may_v easy_o be_v obtain_v a_o true_a sugar_n of_o lead_n where_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_fw-la be_v neither_o sweet_a as_o before_o distillation_n nor_o sower_n as_o the_o body_n draw_v from_o it_o but_o insipid_a and_o easy_o reducible_a by_o fusion_n into_o a_o malleable_a lead_n experiment_n phaenomena_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o this_o experiment_n in_o which_o experiment_n the_o follow_a phaenomena_n be_v also_o remarkable_a first_o that_o the_o salt_n which_o increase_v the_o silver_n in_o weight_n no_o more_o than_o a_o three_o or_o four_o part_n be_v able_a to_o sublime_a the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o fix_a body_n second_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o same_o liquor_n be_v mix_v with_o three_o several_a metal_n may_v produce_v as_o many_o different_a taste_n though_o the_o same_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la shall_v be_v successive_o make_v use_n of_o in_o those_o three_o experiment_n and_o howsoever_o vary_v in_o respect_n of_o order_n in_o the_o trial_n and_o here_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v likewise_o that_o part_n of_o the_o distil_v spirit_n of_o nitre_n be_v pour_v on_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n of_o saccharum_n saturni_n turn_v some_o part_n of_o it_o into_o a_o vitriol_n and_o another_o part_n of_o it_o be_v pour_v upon_o file_n of_o silver_n the_o silver_n be_v partly_o dissolve_v with_o a_o hiss_a noise_n be_v coagulate_v into_o a_o bitter_a salt_n experiment_n ix_o because_o transmutation_n of_o body_n who_o texture_n be_v esteem_v primordial_a as_o those_o of_o the_o element_n and_o which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v ingredient_n of_o most_o composition_n here_o below_o will_v be_v a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o possibility_n of_o alter_a the_o texture_n of_o other_o body_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v what_o progress_n i_o have_v make_v in_o order_n to_o turn_v water_n into_o earth_n earth_n a_o transformation_n of_o water_n into_o earth_n have_v therefore_o in_o a_o glass_n vessel_n distil_v fair_a rain-water_n and_o several_a time_n re-distilled_a it_o again_o we_o find_v that_o after_o every_o distillation_n there_o be_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o white_a earth_n remain_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n which_o be_v more_o plentiful_o afford_v in_o the_o latter_a distillation_n than_o the_o first_o and_o therefore_o we_o have_v the_o great_a reason_n to_o believe_v it_o can_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o water_n turn_v into_o earth_n which_o afford_v the_o follow_a phanomena_n viz._n 1._o be_v put_v into_o a_o microscope_n in_o the_o sunbeam_n exhibit_v phaenomena_n exhibit_v it_o appear_v to_o consist_v of_o part_n exceed_o fine_a which_o be_v as_o fine_a in_o the_o microscope_n as_o hair-powder_n usual_o be_v to_o the_o eye_n yet_o not_o in_o the_o least_o transparent_a 2._o be_v mix_v with_o water_n it_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o whitish_a colour_n as_o the_o powder_n of_o white_a marble_n usual_o do_v yet_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o bottom_n it_o remain_v undissolve_v 3._o after_o it_o have_v lie_v a_o considerable_a time_n in_o a_o red-hot_a crucible_n it_o be_v neither_o diminish_v in_o quantity_n nor_o do_v it_o in_o the_o least_o smoke_n 4._o it_o exceed_v water_n in_o weight_n so_o as_o to_o be_v equal_a to_o twice_o its_o bulk_n of_o common_a water_n be_v almost_o as_o heavy_a as_o wood-ash_n free_v from_o their_o salt_n which_o to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n be_v as_o 1_o to_o 2_o â…™_n which_o do_v not_o much_o come_v short_a of_o the_o weight_n of_o white_a glass_n which_o be_v twice_o and_o a_o half_o heavy_a than_o its_o weight_n of_o water_n so_o that_o from_o these_o phaenomena_n we_o have_v reason_n to_o term_v the_o forementioned_a white_a substance_n earth_n consider_v likewise_o its_o fixedness_n and_o other_o quality_n but_o further_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o glass_n in_o which_o it_o be_v distil_v be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o damage_v by_o this_o process_n as_o also_o that_o a_o ounce_n of_o water_n yield_v six_o drachm_n of_o powder_n earth_n water_n almost_o whole_o convertible_a into_o earth_n a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o water_n still_o remain_v behind_o so_o that_o this_o experiment_n be_v no_o small_a confirmation_n of_o our_o hypothesis_n for_o if_o element_n themselves_o may_v be_v transmute_v and_o artificial_o destroy_v by_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o their_o part_n why_o may_v not_o considerable_a change_n be_v effect_v also_o in_o other_o body_n by_o a_o local_a motion_n and_o a_o new_a manner_n and_o form_n of_o union_n of_o part_n of_o different_a figure_n and_o size_n since_o in_o this_o experiment_n the_o part_n of_o water_n be_v modify_v anew_o form_n a_o solid_a body_n of_o very_o different_a quality_n from_o what_o belong_v to_o it_o before_o as_o want_v of_o transparency_n solidity_n etc._n etc._n powder_n how_o water_n acquire_v the_o form_n of_o a_o solid_a powder_n as_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o its_o be_v so_o modify_v anew_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v conceive_v that_o the_o part_n of_o water_n be_v put_v into_o motion_n and_o rub_v upon_o one_o another_o by_o violent_a occursion_n may_v be_v so_o alter_v and_o adapt_v as_o to_o stick_v together_o and_o to_o form_v several_a little_a moleculae_fw-la which_o be_v more_o condense_v and_o consequent_o heavy_a than_o water_n
can_v no_o long_o swim_v in_o it_o but_o obtain_v the_o several_a new_a quality_n before_o mention_v and_o that_o the_o change_n be_v thus_o effect_v we_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v since_o by_o a_o bare_a circulation_n in_o a_o just_a degree_n of_o heat_n quicksilver_n will_v assume_v the_o form_n of_o a_o powder_n which_o will_v not_o with_o so_o much_o ease_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o fire_n as_o the_o mercury_n itself_o but_o this_o will_v be_v further_o illustrate_v by_o the_o ten_o experiment_n chemist_n inference_n draw_v against_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o chemist_n therefore_o to_o draw_v inference_n from_o this_o experiment_n which_o may_v disfavour_v the_o hypostatical_a principle_n of_o the_o chemist_n if_o water_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v change_v into_o earth_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o other_o ingredient_n of_o body_n may_v and_o in_o the_o analization_n of_o body_n there_o may_v be_v a_o transmutation_n of_o substance_n as_o well_o as_o a_o separation_n of_o pre-existent_a principle_n from_o hence_o also_o may_v be_v bring_v strong_a argument_n against_o helmont_n who_o because_o he_o boast_v of_o a_o alkahe_a which_o he_o say_v will_v turn_v all_o body_n into_o a_o liquor_n therefore_o conclude_v all_o body_n be_v make_v of_o water_n for_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o may_v say_v all_o body_n be_v make_v of_o earth_n because_o water_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o earth_n so_o that_o though_o he_o shall_v turn_v all_o body_n into_o water_n yet_o that_o water_n be_v again_o capable_a of_o be_v disguise_v it_o will_v only_o show_v that_o water_n and_o earth_n may_v be_v mutual_o transmute_v by_o a_o successive_a change_n of_o texture_n but_o to_o leave_v these_o reflection_n i_o shall_v mention_v some_o scruple_n concern_v this_o transmute_v powder_n which_o i_o can_v not_o have_v time_n to_o satisfy_v myself_o in_o as_o whether_o the_o water_n remain_v be_v light_a than_o before_o distillation_n whether_o the_o particle_n of_o insipid_a body_n may_v act_v as_o menstruum_n in_o the_o dissolution_n of_o other_o not_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v so_o change_v in_o the_o vessel_n of_o plant_n as_o to_o become_v sharp_a and_o powerful_o penetrate_v whether_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o glass-vessel_n be_v diminish_v by_o this_o experiment_n i_o shall_v likewise_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v satisfy_v whether_o water_n itself_o be_v true_o a_o homogeneous_a body_n which_o if_o it_o be_v it_o will_v be_v strange_a that_o without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o plastic_a power_n or_o seminal_a principle_n it_o shall_v be_v so_o transmute_v since_o that_o a_o bare_a convention_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o fluid_a into_o a_o concrete_a shall_v alter_v their_o specific_a gravity_n be_v hard_o if_o not_o impossible_a to_o be_v parallel_v by_o art_n but_o in_o this_o experiment_n it_o be_v further_a remarkable_a that_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n pour_v upon_o this_o powder_n will_v corrode_v it_o and_o that_o by_o a_o effusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n there_o be_v raise_v a_o considerable_a ferment_n as_o when_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v put_v upon_o lapis_fw-la stellaris_fw-la so_o that_o i_o suspect_v the_o rain-water_n may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o some_o of_o the_o sandy_a part_n of_o glass_n dissolve_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o fire_n and_o actuate_a the_o particle_n of_o it_o but_o this_o suspicion_n be_v partly_o take_v off_o because_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o like_a ebullition_n upon_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n with_o wood-ash_n which_o be_v clear_v of_o their_o salt_n in_o boil_a water_n but_o to_o conclude_v this_o experiment_n we_o may_v further_o reflect_v upon_o the_o foregoing_a suspicion_n that_o if_o the_o body_n of_o the_o glass-vessel_n be_v in_o the_o least_o dissolve_v in_o this_o operation_n it_o will_v be_v a_o powerful_a instance_n of_o the_o force_n of_o insipid_a menstruum_n and_o it_o will_v be_v no_o less_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o form_n and_o quality_n before_o deliver_v that_o water_n itself_o be_v subject_a to_o undergo_v such_o considerable_a change_n as_o this_o experiment_n show_v it_o be_v i_o may_v produce_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o on_o this_o occasion_n to_o corroborate_v what_o i_o have_v deliver_v concern_v transmutation_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o i_o as_o well_o as_o two_o several_a person_n who_o i_o employ_v have_v without_o the_o addition_n of_o any_o thing_n obtain_v from_o spirit_n of_o wine_n which_o be_v whole_o inflammable_a a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o phlegm_n and_o that_o too_o without_o its_o be_v affect_v by_o any_o visible_a body_n experiment_n x._o result_v consider_v able_a change_n may_v be_v wrought_v in_o body_n by_o mixture_n and_o the_o texture_n thence_o result_v to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v a_o experiment_n to_o show_v what_o sudden_a production_n and_o alteration_n of_o quality_n may_v be_v effect_v by_o a_o coalition_n of_o the_o small_a number_n of_o ingredient_n general_o take_v for_o homogeneous_a body_n from_o whence_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o change_n of_o body_n in_o themselves_o considerable_a may_v be_v effect_v by_o very_o easy_a mixture_n viz._n have_v by_o degree_n mix_v a_o equal_a weight_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n together_o and_o place_v they_o in_o a_o bolt-head_n stop_v close_o with_o hard_a wax_n and_o a_o cork_n digest_v the_o mixture_n in_o a_o moderate_a heat_n for_o some_o time_n then_o pour_v it_o out_o into_o a_o glass_n cucurbit_n lute_v on_o a_o head_n and_o a_o receiver_n to_o preserve_v the_o subtle_a spirit_n from_o fly_v away_o then_o with_o a_o moderate_a heat_n draw_v off_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n till_o the_o drop_v begin_v to_o come_v over-sowrish_a then_o shift_v the_o receiver_n and_o careful_o go_v on_o with_o the_o distillation_n increase_v the_o fire_n till_o as_o much_o be_v draw_v off_o as_o you_o can_v keep_v the_o substance_n remain_v in_o the_o cucurbit_n in_o a_o glass_n well_o stop_v and_o secure_a from_o the_o air._n the_o phaenomena_n exhibit_v by_o this_o experiment_n be_v the_o follow_v first_o that_o the_o spirit_n first_o draw_v from_o these_o two_o inodorous_a body_n be_v endow_v with_o a_o smell_v different_a from_o all_o other_o and_o part_n though_o pleasant_a and_o fragrant_a yet_o very_o subtle_a and_o penetrate_a second_o that_o the_o liquor_n draw_v off_o last_o have_v a_o very_a strong_a sulphureous_a smell_n which_o stink_v and_o affect_v the_o sensory_a so_o powerful_o that_o it_o will_v almost_o take_v away_o one_o breath_n three_o this_o mixture_n yield_v a_o liquor_n which_o will_v mix_v with_o neither_o of_o the_o former_a yet_o be_v very_o subtle_a pleasant_a and_o aromatical_a four_o the_o substance_n remain_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v opacous_a and_o almost_o as_o black_a as_o jet_v and_o withal_o very_o brittle_a five_o and_o though_o it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o two_o liquor_n the_o one_o corrosive_a and_o the_o other_o inflammable_a and_o both_o of_o very_o pungent_a taste_n yet_o be_v it_o void_a of_o taste_n and_o can_v not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n if_o at_o all_o be_v bring_v to_o burn_v six_o neither_o will_v it_o be_v mix_v for_o some_o day_n with_o water_n though_o the_o oil_n and_o spirit_n ready_o diffuse_v themselves_o in_o that_o liquor_n beside_o it_o be_v of_o so_o very_o fix_v a_o nature_n that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v raise_v by_o a_o strong_a and_o last_a fire_n though_o both_o oil_n and_o vitriol_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v extreme_o volatile_a and_o now_o have_v thus_o in_o short_a lay_v down_o these_o experiment_n as_o sufficient_a proof_n of_o the_o doctrine_n before_o deliver_v i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o this_o reflection_n viz._n that_o in_o all_o the_o change_n and_o alteration_n that_o have_v be_v effect_v by_o art_n it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o depend_v on_o the_o imaginary_a substantial_a 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the_o liberty_n of_o unite_n as_o they_o ought_v to_o form_v crystal_n of_o a_o natural_a figure_n which_o guess_v be_v confirm_v because_o the_o crystal_n which_o shoot_v in_o water_n where_o they_o have_v room_n enough_o and_o a_o indifferent_a vehicle_n be_v more_o perfect_a than_o those_o which_o be_v produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o the_o nitrous_a powder_n and_o saline_n spirit_n where_o they_o be_v force_v for_o want_v of_o room_n to_z cry_z stalize_v before_o they_o have_v time_n to_o convene_v after_o a_o manner_n requisite_a to_o make_v they_o of_o a_o natural_a figure_n and_o size_n but_o to_o proceed_v this_o experiment_n which_o show_v how_o a_o body_n divide_v into_o different_a substance_n by_o distillation_n may_v be_v again_o unite_v into_o a_o original_a concrete_a will_v be_v a_o very_a strong_a and_o convince_a instance_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o form_n and_o quality_n of_o body_n depend_v on_o a_o essential_a modification_n of_o their_o part_n and_o that_o the_o 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certain_a that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v account_v the_o most_o general_a affection_n of_o matter_n all_o body_n be_v either_o fluid_a or_o solid_a if_o then_o these_o quality_n or_o state_n of_o body_n be_v so_o general_n it_o will_v be_v of_o moment_n to_o consider_v the_o cause_n of_o they_o and_o the_o rather_o in_o this_o place_n because_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n of_o salt-petre_n may_v serve_v to_o illustrate_v they_o body_n the_o definition_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n to_o proceed_v then_o a_o body_n be_v say_v to_o be_v fluid_a because_o it_o consist_v of_o part_n which_o easy_o slip_v upon_o one_o another_o surface_n to_o and_o fro_o when_o move_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o porous_a interstice_n which_o remain_v betwixt_o those_o part_n which_o they_o be_v make_v up_o of_o they_o not_o be_v whole_o contiguous_a on_o every_o side_n and_o also_o because_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o motion_n they_o spread_v and_o diffuse_v themselves_o on_o every_o side_n till_o oppose_v by_o some_o solid_a body_n to_o the_o internal_a superficies_n of_o which_o they_o present_o adapt_v themselves_o and_o what_o thought_n epicurus_n and_o the_o ancient_a corpuscularian_o have_v of_o fluidity_n will_v appear_v from_o these_o verse_n of_o his_o paraphra_v lucretius_n illa_fw-la autem_fw-la debent_fw-la ex_fw-la laevis_fw-la at_o que_fw-la rotundis_fw-la esse_fw-la magis_fw-la fluido_fw-la quae_fw-la corpore_fw-la liquida_fw-la constant_a nec_fw-la retinentur_fw-la enim_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la glomeramina_fw-la quaeque_fw-la et_fw-la procursus_fw-la item_n in_o proclive_a volubilis_n extat_fw-la and_o indeed_o we_o may_v rational_o believe_v that_o the_o smoothness_n of_o their_o part_n may_v much_o contribute_v to_o the_o fluidity_n of_o liquor_n as_o well_o as_o the_o globular_a figure_n of_o they_o though_o there_o be_v several_a fluid_a body_n who_o part_n be_v of_o figure_n very_o various_a beside_o flame_n and_o air_n the_o figure_n of_o who_o part_n be_v very_o irregular_a fluid_n irregular_a body_n who_o part_n be_v less_o condense_v than_o water_n to_o be_v esteem_v fluid_n and_o here_o we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o to_o render_v a_o body_n fluid_fw-la there_o be_v no_o need_n that_o its_o part_n shall_v be_v so_o close_o condense_v as_o those_o of_o water_n be_v since_o flame_n and_o smoke_n may_v be_v so_o manage_v as_o to_o resemble_v liquid_a body_n of_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o we_o have_v proof_n by_o blow_v rosemary-smoke_n into_o a_o glass-pipe_n which_o if_o when_o it_o be_v fill_v the_o low_a end_n be_v stop_v and_o the_o pipe_n be_v hold_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o fume_n will_v subside_o till_o level_n and_o though_o the_o pipe_n be_v incline_v several_a way_n yet_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o smoke_n answer_v to_o the_o horizon_n till_o the_o glass_n be_v further_o incline_v and_o then_o the_o smoke_n will_v run_v along_o the_o pipe_n like_o water_n disperse_v itself_o afterward_o in_o the_o air._n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o cause_n of_o fluidity_n we_o conceive_v that_o there_o be_v three_o thing_n requisite_a to_o render_v body_n fluid_a fluidity_n minuteness_n of_o part_n requisute_n to_o fluidity_n 1._o the_o minuteness_n of_o the_o particle_n which_o constitute_v they_o by_o which_o they_o be_v dispose_v to_o a_o intestine_a motion_n and_o to_o be_v preserve_v in_o it_o more_o easy_o as_o the_o part_n of_o lead_n quicksilver_n and_o gold_n when_o dissolve_v by_o a_o menstruum_fw-la be_v easy_o raise_v and_o mix_v with_o the_o part_n of_o that_o menstruum_fw-la nay_o fluidity_n so_o much_o depend_v on_o the_o minuteness_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n which_o constitute_v fluid_a body_n that_o the_o part_n of_o antimony_n dissolve_v and_o break_v into_o small_a corpuscle_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o butter_n of_o antimony_n and_o that_o butter_n of_o antimony_n be_v chief_o make_v up_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o antimony_n be_v evident_a since_o 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into_o small_a part_n
the_o more_o their_o fluidity_n be_v increase_v body_n a_o fluid_n may_v be_v obtain_v from_o a_o consistent_a body_n and_o here_o it_o may_v not_o be_v unseasonable_a to_o inquire_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o a_o transparent_a liquor_n shall_v be_v draw_v from_o such_o brittle_a body_n as_o common_a salt_n i_o know_v it_o be_v usual_o allege_v that_o the_o fire_n only_o separate_v the_o moist_a from_o the_o dry_a part_n but_o since_o body_n already_o calcine_v or_o melt_v must_v needs_o by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n have_v their_o moist_a part_n likewise_o so_o separate_v it_o be_v rather_o probable_a that_o the_o fire_n only_o divide_v their_o part_n and_o put_v they_o into_o a_o violent_a agitation_n by_o which_o they_o be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o receiver_n condense_a into_o a_o fluid_a who_o part_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o shape_n and_o size_n be_v apt_a for_o motion_n continue_v to_o move_v up_o and_o down_o and_o so_o preserve_v that_o body_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o fluid_a the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n or_o of_o some_o interpose_a body_n concur_v to_o preserve_v the_o part_n of_o that_o in_o motion_n likewise_o and_o that_o the_o air_n abound_v with_o part_n perpetual_o in_o a_o various_a motion_n will_v appear_v by_o and_o by_o other_o some_o body_n more_o easy_o preserve_v fluid_a than_o other_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n that_o a_o much_o great_a degree_n of_o motion_n be_v requisite_a to_o preserve_v some_o body_n in_o a_o fluid_a form_n than_o other_o be_v plain_a since_o several_a body_n will_v be_v freeze_v with_o one_o degree_n of_o cold_a with_o which_o other_o will_v not_o and_o though_o the_o watery_a part_n of_o wine_n in_o some_o country_n will_v freeze_v yet_o the_o spirituous_a corpuscle_n of_o the_o same_o liquor_n remain_v untouched_a and_o though_o it_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o help_n of_o good_a weather-glass_n that_o cold_a condense_n the_o air_n yet_o it_o be_v never_o so_o far_o condense_v as_o to_o become_v ice_n because_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n concur_v with_o the_o minuteness_n and_o shape_n of_o its_o part_n they_o be_v always_o in_o a_o agitation_n requisite_a to_o keep_v it_o in_o that_o form_n and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o that_o the_o part_n of_o salt_n be_v very_a minute_n since_o from_o experiment_n before_o mention_v it_o appear_v that_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o urine_n will_v unite_v into_o a_o salarmoniack_a and_o it_o be_v further_o confirm_v since_o common-salt_n mix_v with_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v dissolve_v gold_n as_o well_o as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n join_v with_o the_o latter_a and_o though_o crude_a nitre_n itself_o be_v mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o salt_n the_o result_a mixture_n will_v supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o that_o a_o chemist_n in_o holland_n draw_v no_o less_o than_o fourteen_o ounce_n of_o spirit_n from_o a_o pound_n of_o salt_n a_o whitish_a clay_n be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o the_o common_a caput_n mortuum_n and_o that_o when_o he_o have_v dephlegm_v the_o spirit_n twelve_o ounce_n remain_v very_o high_o rectify_v which_o may_v be_v something_o in_o favour_n of_o beguinus_n who_o pretend_v to_o have_v get_v a_o pound_n of_o spirit_n from_o a_o pound_n of_o salt_n but_o it_o may_v be_v a_o question_n whether_o the_o fluidity_n of_o these_o body_n may_v not_o in_o part_n proceed_v from_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n work_v upon_o some_o part_n of_o the_o concrete_a since_o a_o phlegm_n or_o water_n may_v be_v obtain_v from_o rectify_v spirit_n so_o as_o to_o change_v part_n of_o it_o into_o a_o moist_a body_n like_o water_n and_o this_o will_v rather_o be_v think_v probable_a if_o we_o consider_v and_o believe_v what_o the_o famous_a helmont_n say_v viz._n that_o he_o can_v reduce_v oil_n and_o salt_n into_o insipid_a water_n fluidity_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o part_n of_o body_n as_o well_o as_o their_o size_n contribute_v to_o tseir_v fluidity_n without_o the_o help_n of_o that_o noble_a alkahest_n which_o will_v render_v gross_a body_n whole_o liquid_a and_o here_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o add_v that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o the_o size_n of_o the_o part_n of_o body_n that_o endue_v they_o with_o a_o disposition_n to_o fluidity_n but_o also_o their_o shape_v and_o i_o be_o the_o more_o confirm_v in_o this_o opinion_n because_o have_v distil_v oil_n of_o olive_n in_o a_o glass-retort_n per_fw-la se_fw-la near_o a_o three_o part_n of_o it_o be_v coagulate_v in_o the_o receiver_n into_o a_o whitish_a substance_n not_o very_o much_o unlike_o butter_n where_o the_o distil_a substance_n which_o usual_o be_v fluid_a though_o draw_v from_o solid_a concretes_n be_v on_o the_o contrary_a in_o this_o experiment_n a_o consistent_a one_o yield_v by_o a_o liquid_a for_o which_o no_o other_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v but_o that_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o liquid_a part_n be_v so_o alter_v as_o to_o become_v unfit_a for_o motion_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o reason_n of_o fluidity_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o in_o pour_v of_o sand_n corn_n flower_n apple_n walnut_n etc._n etc._n out_o of_o a_o sack_n that_o that_o aggregate_v of_o body_n who_o part_n be_v the_o least_o appear_v most_o like_a liquid_n and_o it_o be_v common_o observe_v that_o whites_n of_o egg_n by_o be_v beat_v with_o a_o whisk_n present_o lose_v their_o clamminess_n and_o viscidity_n and_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o thin_a and_o fluid_a substance_n their_o part_n be_v break_v asunder_o and_o more_o minutely_o divide_v and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o that_o jelly_n which_o be_v by_o the_o vulgar_a thought_n to_o fall_v from_o a_o star_n by_o be_v a_o long_a time_n digest_v in_o a_o well-stopped_a glass_n become_v a_o permanent_a liquor_n again_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o silver_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v in_o mould_v and_o to_o receive_v the_o curious_a and_o fine_a impression_n of_o hair-line_n the_o metal_n be_v not_o only_o to_o be_v pour_v in_o very_o hot_a but_o to_o be_v keep_v a_o considerable_a time_n in_o fusion_n before_o it_o be_v thin_a enough_o to_o run_v into_o those_o line_n and_o to_o take_v exact_a impression_n of_o they_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o body_n already_o fluid_a may_v become_v more_o fluid_a and_o the_o like_a instance_n may_v be_v bring_v from_o other_o body_n as_o turpentine_n oil_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o what_o helinont_a assert_n of_o the_o liquor_n alkahest_n be_v true_a viz._n that_o it_o will_v turn_v all_o substance_n whether_o mineral_n metal_n plant_n or_o animal_n into_o a_o fluid_a substance_n of_o a_o equal_a weight_n with_o each_o other_o than_o it_o follow_v that_o to_o divide_v a_o body_n into_o part_n small_a enough_o be_v enough_o to_o make_v it_o fluid_a and_o to_o this_o i_o must_v add_v that_o considerable_a change_n may_v be_v effect_v mere_o by_o a_o long_a digestion_n in_o vessel_n well_o stop_v and_o place_v in_o a_o convenient_a heat_n 2._o the_o second_o requisite_a to_o constitute_v a_o fluid_a body_n be_v that_o it_o shall_v have_v considerable_a vacuity_n or_o pore_n betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o it_o fluidity_n porousness_n in_o body_n requisite_a to_o their_o fluidity_n for_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o space_n the_o part_n be_v put_v into_o motion_n will_v not_o have_v space_n to_o continue_v it_o in_o nor_o can_v one_o particle_n by_o the_o impulse_n of_o another_o be_v force_v to_o give_v way_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v it_o will_v be_v requisite_a here_o to_o note_n that_o by_o space_n i_o will_v not_o be_v think_v to_o mean_a vacuity_n proper_o so_o call_v but_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o substance_n betwixt_o they_o which_o will_v obstruct_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o more_o solid_a part_n this_o caution_n be_v premise_v i_o shall_v to_o illustrate_v this_o second_o requisite_a observe_v that_o snow_n which_o be_v of_o a_o open_a and_o slight_a texture_n before_o it_o be_v compress_v may_v soon_o be_v squeeze_v into_o so_o close_a and_o compact_a a_o lump_n as_o to_o resist_v a_o very_a strong_a pressure_n the_o air_n which_o before_o be_v interpose_v betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v press_v out_o again_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o when_o water_n be_v close_v up_o in_o a_o bladder_n and_o want_v its_o liberty_n to_o move_v in_o a_o yield_n and_o free_a medium_fw-la the_o part_n thus_o confine_v together_o resist_v impression_n like_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o this_o experiment_n i_o the_o rather_o make_v use_n of_o than_o a_o bladder_n distend_v with_o air_n because_o the_o distension_n of_o that_o may_v partly_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air._n fluidity_n how_o such_o vacuity_n contribute_v of_o fluidity_n but_o it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v
observe_v that_o though_o such_o vacuity_n be_v necessary_a to_o constitute_v fluid_a body_n yet_o they_o be_v only_o so_o to_o use_v school-term_n as_o removens_fw-la prohibens_fw-la i._n e._n they_o prevent_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o must_v be_v the_o consequence_n of_o a_o plenitude_n viz._n want_v of_o liberty_n to_o move_v or_o in_o other_o word_n as_o they_o dispose_v the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n to_o yield_v to_o each_o other_o motion_n and_o here_o i_o will_v note_n that_o though_o in_o most_o liquid_a body_n this_o doctrine_n may_v take_v place_n yet_o i_o conceive_v it_o not_o altogether_o absurd_a to_o question_v whether_o matter_n may_v not_o be_v so_o exquisite_o agitate_a and_o divide_v as_o to_o fill_v up_o these_o vacuity_n and_o to_o be_v squeeze_v into_o any_o figure_n as_o occasion_n require_v but_o not_o to_o spend_v time_n in_o examine_v this_o point_n at_o the_o present_a i_o shall_v proceed_v fluidity_n a_o perpetual_a motion_n if_o part_v requisite_a to_o fluidity_n 3._o to_o the_o principal_a and_o last_o requisite_a in_o modify_v a_o fluid_a body_n which_o be_v that_o all_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n shall_v be_v separately_z and_o various_o move_v up_o and_o down_o either_o by_o virtue_n of_o some_o subtle_a matter_n diffuse_v through_o their_o substance_n or_o a_o inherent_a quality_n of_o their_o own_o for_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o solid_a and_o fluid_a body_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o this_o viz._n that_o the_o part_n of_o solid_n be_v at_o rest_n and_o not_o so_o apt_a to_o yield_v to_o the_o pressure_n of_o one_o finger_n as_o the_o part_n of_o liquids_n be_v which_o be_v in_o motion_n since_o the_o latter_a be_v already_o agitate_a to_o and_o fro_o it_o be_v much_o more_o easy_a to_o guide_v that_o motion_n than_o to_o put_v the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n into_o motion_n who_o part_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o motion_n must_v be_v at_o rest_n till_o move_v by_o a_o agent_n powerful_a enough_o to_o put_v 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experiment_n salt-petre_n then_o may_v become_v a_o fluid_a body_n either_o by_o have_v the_o particle_n of_o it_o dissolve_v in_o water_n so_o that_o they_o may_v move_v up_o and_o down_o and_o to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o impression_n of_o a_o external_n agent_n as_o the_o other_o part_n of_o that_o liquid_a do_v or_o it_o may_v put_v on_o a_o liquid_a form_n by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o moist_a cellar_n where_o by_o run_a per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la the_o salt-petre_n will_v be_v dissolve_v and_o put_v on_o so_o far_o the_o form_n of_o a_o liquid_a as_o to_o have_v all_o its_o part_n in_o a_o agitation_n sufficient_a to_o rank_v it_o among_o fluid_a body_n but_o salt-petre_n may_v put_v on_o a_o liquid_a form_n without_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o liquid_a body_n as_o first_o it_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o so_o fine_a a_o powder_n as_o to_o resemble_v a_o liquid_a in_o the_o pour_v of_o it_o out_o of_o one_o vessel_n into_o another_o beside_o the_o other_o requisite_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n viz._n that_o it_o have_v vacuity_n betwixt_o its_o part_n and_o that_o they_o may_v be_v easy_o put_v into_o motion_n only_o they_o differ_v from_o the_o part_n of_o liquid_n in_o some_o respect_n since_o the_o powder_n have_v not_o its_o part_n always_o in_o motion_n beside_o the_o vacuity_n be_v more_o sensible_a but_o notwithstanding_o if_o by_o the_o force_n of_o fire_n each_o of_o these_o part_n be_v again_o subdivide_v those_o insensible_a corpuscle_n be_v violent_o agitate_a make_v up_o a_o fluid_a body_n so_o the_o particle_n of_o metal_n be_v by_o the_o same_o agent_n separate_v and_o put_v into_o motion_n do_v not_o only_o move_v various_o one_o among_o another_o but_o be_v sometime_o toss_v a_o considerable_a height_n into_o the_o air._n and_o not_o only_a fire_n but_o some_o other_o body_n which_o be_v sensible_o cold_a may_v provide_v the_o texture_n and_o motion_n of_o their_o part_n be_v right_o dispose_v reduce_v several_a substance_n to_o a_o liquid_a form_n so_o camphire_n put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o a_o oil_n when_o swim_v upon_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o when_o salt-petre_n be_v by_o the_o action_n of_o fire_n endow_v with_o a_o fluid_a form_n it_o be_v equal_o a_o fluid_a as_o when_o incorporate_v with_o water_n there_o be_v very_o little_a difference_n betwixt_o these_o two_o state_n of_o nitre_n only_o that_o in_o the_o former_a the_o agent_n which_o keep_v the_o nitrous_a part_n in_o motion_n be_v more_o volatile_a and_o brisk_a and_o divide_v it_o into_o small_a part_n without_o make_v a_o addition_n to_o its_o bulk_n but_o perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v a_o scruple_n whether_o the_o powder_n of_o nitre_n be_v a_o imperfect_a fluid_n when_o pour_v out_o or_o rather_o like_o a_o heap_n of_o sand_n not_o reduce_v to_o a_o permanent_a state_n of_o fluidity_n to_o remove_v this_o scruple_n we_o may_v take_v powder_n of_o alabaster_n or_o instead_o of_o it_o plaster_n of_o paris_n and_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o by_o 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may_v be_v deprive_v of_o by_o lose_v that_o intestine_a motion_n on_o what_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o fluids_n depend_v on_o and_o thus_o it_o brief_o appear_v how_o much_o motion_n contribute_v to_o the_o fluidity_n of_o body_n and_o here_o though_o it_o will_v be_v very_o desirable_a to_o determine_v what_o be_v the_o essential_a cause_n of_o that_o motion_n yet_o since_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o too_o much_o intricacy_n it_o be_v by_o some_o hold_v to_o be_v inherent_a in_o matter_n and_o by_o other_o to_o be_v promote_v by_o impulse_n i_o shall_v rather_o pass_v it_o by_o than_o enter_v upon_o a_o examination_n of_o those_o two_o point_n especial_o since_o there_o will_v be_v the_o same_o necessity_n of_o discuss_v other_o which_o equal_o relate_v to_o the_o cartesian_a principle_n it_o may_v therefore_o suffice_v in_o short_a that_o neglect_v the_o unintelligible_a doctrine_n of_o substantial_a form_n we_o rather_o ascribe_v it_o to_o those_o catholic_n 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have_v to_o stick_v to_o the_o pore_n of_o another_o whence_o some_o fluid_a body_n who_o part_n be_v not_o adapt_v so_o as_o to_o adhere_v to_o the_o pore_n of_o other_o body_n want_v that_o quality_n as_o quicksilver_n which_o slip_v over_o the_o surface_v of_o most_o body_n without_o stick_v to_o they_o though_o in_o respect_n of_o some_o as_o gold_n or_o tin_n it_o may_v be_v esteem_v fluid_fw-la since_o inasmuch_o as_o it_o dissolve_v they_o it_o have_v much_o the_o same_o virtue_n as_o liquid_n have_v in_o soften_a other_o substance_n and_o that_o humidity_n depend_v on_o a_o apt_a configuration_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n and_o their_o congruity_n with_o the_o pore_n of_o other_o body_n be_v further_a evident_a since_o water_n itself_o in_o respect_n of_o some_o body_n be_v not_o moist_a as_o the_o feather_n of_o swan_n duck_n etc._n etc._n add_v to_o this_o that_o it_o be_v further_a observable_a that_o when_o the_o texture_n of_o a_o liquor_n be_v change_v it_o may_v adhere_v to_o body_n it_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o before_o as_o for_o instance_n though_o neither_o quicksilver_n lead_v tin_n or_o tin-glass_n will_v stick_v to_o glass_n yet_o a_o due_a proportion_n of_o each_o mix_v together_o will_v present_o without_o the_o assistance_n of_o fire_n adhere_v to_o it_o nonexistence_n that_o the_o pore_n of_o a_o body_n can_v be_v perceive_v no_o argument_n of_o their_o nonexistence_n but_o further_o if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o insensible_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o fluid_a body_n be_v but_o imaginary_a and_o precarious_a since_o the_o smallness_n of_o they_o make_v they_o too_o fine_a to_o appear_v i_o must_v answer_v that_o since_o their_o vacuity_n be_v so_o small_a as_o not_o to_o be_v visible_a it_o be_v as_o impossible_a to_o discern_v their_o part_n and_o consequent_o the_o motion_n of_o they_o since_o one_o part_n be_v so_o present_o succeed_v by_o another_o that_o the_o eye_n have_v always_o a_o whole_a heap_n before_o it_o though_o separate_v by_o pore_n so_o small_a as_o to_o be_v undiscerned_a and_o though_o the._n vacuity_n betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o powder_a nitre_n be_v so_o large_a as_o to_o be_v discern_v by_o the_o eye_n yet_o when_o its_o corpuscle_n by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v render_v more_o minute_n not_o only_a salt-petre_n but_o gold_n also_o be_v say_v to_o possess_v a_o less_o space_n and_o consequent_o must_v leave_v less_o vacuity_n betwixt_o their_o part_n and_o which_o be_v altogether_o invisible_a to_o the_o eye_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o body_n appear_v continuous_a determine_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o liquids_n various_o determine_v and_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o fluid_a body_n be_v in_o motion_n various_o determine_v appear_v from_o their_o effect_n since_o they_o not_o only_o penetrate_v but_o putrify_v some_o body_n and_o present_o dissolve_v they_o as_o when_o sugar_n be_v cast_v into_o water_n that_o sweet_a substance_n be_v dissolve_v and_o its_o part_n so_o much_o associate_v with_o those_o of_o the_o water_n as_o to_o be_v carry_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o which_o be_v further_a observable_a in_o sea-water_n who_o salt_n upon_o evaporation_n swim_v at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o remain_a liquor_n and_o it_o be_v not_o less_o remarkable_a that_o a_o solution_n of_o gold_n in_o aquaregis_n will_v present_o tincture_n twenty_o time_n as_o much_o fair_a water_n and_o further_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o flame_n may_v be_v discern_v to_o move_v very_o fierce_o even_o by_o the_o eye_n be_v common_o know_v and_o further_o confirm_v both_o by_o their_o operation_n and_o the_o ray_n which_o every_o way_n expand_v themselves_o and_o strike_v against_o the_o neighbour_a body_n and_o that_o the_o air_n have_v its_o part_n in_o a_o constant_a motion_n various_o agitate_a we_o have_v ä_n great_a deal_n of_o reason_n to_o believe_v since_o we_o may_v easy_o discern_v whole_a swarm_n of_o mote_n swim_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o sunbeam_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o in_o clear_a sunshine_a day_n we_o may_v perceive_v on_o the_o wall_n of_o church_n and_o other_o spacious_a building_n certain_a obscure_a shade_n to_o quiver_n and_o tremble_v and_o we_o have_v yet_o a_o further_a instance_n in_o salt_n of_o tartar_n which_o after_o fusion_n be_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n leave_v in_o a_o moist_a cellar_n will_v dissolve_v and_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o a_o clear_a liquor_n by_o imbibe_v the_o moistness_n of_o the_o circumambient_a air_n which_o penetrate_v and_o get_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o salt_n by_o a_o intestine_a and_o powerful_a motion_n and_o it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v note_a that_o if_o in_o summer_n cold_a water_n be_v put_v into_o a_o glass_n the_o moist_a vapour_n which_o move_v about_o it_o will_v be_v condense_v on_o the_o outward_a side_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o appear_v in_o the_o form_n of_o dew_n those_o moist_a particle_n which_o swim_v in_o the_o air_n be_v by_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o its_o part_n successive_o drive_v upon_o the_o external_n superficies_n of_o it_o in_o try_v of_o which_o experiment_n it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o the_o dew_n on_o the_o outside_n be_v not_o to_o be_v observe_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o it_o and_o these_o relation_n be_v the_o less_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o so_o weighty_a a_o body_n as_o lead_v may_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o smoke_n a_o considerable_a height_n into_o the_o air_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o proper_a vessel_n place_v in_o a_o convenient_a furnace_n which_o smoke_n will_v be_v soon_o scatter_v and_o disperse_v by_o the_o various_a motion_n of_o aerial_a particle_n and_o this_o experiment_n do_v not_o only_o show_v that_o the_o part_n of_o air_n be_v in_o a_o perpetual_a motion_n but_o also_o how_o much_o the_o minuteness_n of_o they_o contribute_v to_o their_o fluidity_n and_o though_o quicksilver_n much_o exceed_v any_o other_o body_n in_o weight_n except_o gold_n yet_o it_o be_v minute_n part_n agitate_a and_o raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o vapour_n will_n like_o other_o small_a particle_n of_o matter_n glide_v to_o and_o fro_o in_o the_o air_n whence_o it_o have_v oftentime_o happen_v that_o in_o evaporate_n of_o it_o several_a piece_n of_o gold_n have_v be_v so_o whiten_v over_o with_o the_o fume_n of_o it_o as_o not_o to_o be_v get_v off_o again_o without_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o trouble_n but_o to_o make_v it_o almost_o visible_a that_o the_o part_n of_o liquid_a body_n be_v perpetual_o in_o a_o various_o determine_v motion_n mix_v a_o solution_n of_o unrefined_a silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la with_o 15_o time_n its_o proportion_n of_o fair_a water_n decant_v or_o filtrate_v the_o clear_a mixture_n in_o which_o liquor_n the_o part_n of_o the_o silver_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o discern_v though_o upon_o immerge_v a_o copperplate_n into_o it_o the_o particle_n of_o that_o metal_n which_o before_o swim_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o mixture_n present_o adhere_v to_o the_o copper_n and_o crust_v it_o over_o with_o a_o metalline_a powder_n and_o if_o the_o copper_n plate_n remain_v in_o that_o liquor_n for_o a_o night_n the_o whole_a scatter_a corpuscle_n of_o silver_n will_v be_v collect_v together_o about_o they_o the_o liquor_n be_v tincture_v with_o a_o blue_a tincture_n by_o some_o part_n of_o the_o copper_n corrode_v and_o divide_v into_o part_n by_o the_o salt_n part_v of_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o to_o render_v this_o experiment_n still_o more_o useful_a i_o have_v observe_v that_o by_o let_v a_o piece_n of_o spiltre_n lie_v in_o this_o tincture_n for_o some_o day_n the_o copper_n particle_n be_v gather_v round_o about_o that_o also_o from_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o liquor_n which_o can_v not_o be_v be_v not_o the_o water_n in_o a_o perpetual_a intestine_a motion_n so_o that_o its_o part_n may_v by_o often_o change_v their_o place_n successive_o strike_v against_o the_o spelter_n and_o so_o leave_v the_o silver_n behind_o to_o this_o experiment_n may_v be_v add_v another_o which_o i_o have_v long_o since_o try_v when_o first_o i_o begin_v to_o consider_v the_o reason_n of_o fluidity_n i_o drop_v then_o into_o spirit_n of_o wine_n moderate_o deflegm_v a_o small_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n let_v it_o fall_v so_o far_o that_o it_o may_v by_o the_o force_n of_o it_o be_v break_v into_o small_a drop_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o tenacity_n be_v unapt_a to_o mix_v with_o the_o spirit_n will_v swim_v upon_o it_o and_o be_v move_v up_o and_o down_o various_o and_o irregular_o by_o the_o spirituous_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n which_o strike_v against_o they_o in_o their_o ascension_n and_o whilst_o these_o spirituous_a part_n continue_v to_o exhale_v it_o be_v
pleasant_a to_o behold_v how_o the_o globous_a part_n of_o the_o oil_n will_v sometime_o be_v gather_v together_o and_o almost_o unite_v and_o present_o after_o be_v again_o disperse_v abroad_o and_o move_v to_o and_o fro_o among_o one_o another_o and_o this_o motion_n will_v continue_v till_o the_o most_o agile_a and_o spirituous_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v whole_o spend_v and_o lest_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o oily_a part_n shall_v be_v suspect_v to_o arise_v from_o some_o antipathy_n betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o liquor_n i_o try_v the_o experiment_n with_o small_a chopped_a straw_n which_o be_v likewise_o impetuous_o and_o confuse_o move_v up_o and_o down_o on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o spirit_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v learn_v that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o intestine_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o liquid_a substance_n though_o it_o be_v not_o discern_v by_o the_o eye_n i_o may_v here_o reckon_v up_o a_o great_a many_o more_o phaenomena_n exhibit_v by_o this_o experiment_n but_o it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o take_v notice_n beside_o what_o have_v be_v already_o deliver_v that_o some_o of_o the_o aforementioned_a spirit_n be_v close_v up_o in_o a_o glass_n hermetical_o seal_v to_o try_v whether_o the_o oily_a drop_n will_v continue_v their_o motion_n when_o the_o vinous_a spirit_n can_v not_o exhale_v the_o vessel_n be_v present_o break_v without_o any_o force_n otherwise_o discernible_a than_o by_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o and_o that_o the_o small_a part_n of_o the_o most_o weighty_a liquor_n be_v actual_o in_o a_o continual_a motion_n may_v not_o only_o appear_v from_o what_o have_v go_v before_o but_o may_v be_v further_o confirm_v since_o quicksilver_n will_v not_o only_o penetrate_v into_o the_o pore_n but_o destroy_v the_o texture_n of_o so_o solid_a a_o metal_n as_o foliate_v gold_n and_o salt_n of_o tartar_n though_o cold_a be_v able_a to_o extract_v tincture_n from_o several_a body_n and_o that_o the_o part_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v in_o a_o perpetual_a motion_n may_v be_v evince_v by_o the_o corrosive_a quality_n of_o it_o which_o it_o powerful_o exert_v without_o the_o assistance_n of_o heat_n not_o only_o in_o corrode_a metal_n but_o if_o piece_n of_o camphire_n be_v throw_v into_o it_o they_o be_v present_o turn_v into_o a_o oily_a substance_n and_o whoever_o be_v unwilling_a to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o intestine_a motion_n of_o part_n in_o these_o two_o oil_n may_v easy_o be_v undeceive_v by_o the_o heat_n and_o ebullition_n which_o follow_v upon_o the_o mixture_n of_o they_o agitate_a together_o in_o a_o glass_n but_o here_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o though_o it_o be_v a_o essential_a property_n of_o fluid_a body_n that_o one_o particle_n ready_o give_v way_n to_o another_o and_o that_o the_o other_o be_v as_o apt_a to_o succeed_v in_o the_o place_n of_o it_o interchangeable_o yet_o that_o be_v not_o to_o be_v conceive_v of_o all_o fluid_a body_n in_o general_n but_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v only_o in_o such_o body_n as_o be_v either_o simple_a and_o homogeneous_a or_o as_o have_v a_o aptitude_n to_o mix_v with_o each_o other_o as_o wine_n and_o water_n since_o there_o be_v some_o liquid_a body_n which_o will_v not_o be_v mix_v together_o but_o like_o compact_a substance_n resist_v the_o impression_n of_o each_o other_o superficies_n and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o lucretius_n and_o some_o other_o of_o the_o ancient_a atomist_n shall_v overlook_v so_o obvious_a a_o observation_n since_o it_o be_v apparent_a in_o oil_n which_o will_v not_o mix_v with_o water_n but_o more_o eminent_o in_o quicksilver_n which_o deny_v to_o mix_v any_o of_o those_o liquor_n which_o be_v familiar_a among_o they_o but_o to_o add_v a_o experiment_n which_o be_v more_o remarkable_a have_v so_o prepare_v and_o open_v the_o body_n of_o copper_n with_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a as_o to_o render_v the_o prepare_a mineral_n inflammable_a i_o apply_v some_o grain_n of_o it_o to_o the_o wiek_n of_o a_o candle_n by_o the_o force_n of_o who_o flame_n it_o be_v not_o only_o melt_v but_o carry_v up_o along_o with_o the_o tallow_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o flame_n where_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o flame_n of_o it_o be_v both_o last_a and_o as_o distinct_a from_o that_o of_o the_o candle_n as_o if_o the_o two_o flame_n have_v be_v separate_v by_o the_o interposition_n of_o some_o other_o body_n other_o why_o some_o liquid_n be_v unapt_a to_o mix_v with_o each_o other_o but_o to_o return_v to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o unaptness_n of_o liquor_n to_o mix_v with_o one_o another_o the_o reason_n in_o general_n seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o particular_a texture_n and_o peculiar_a motion_n of_o their_o part_n and_o this_o i_o be_o the_o rather_o induce_v to_o believe_v because_o salt_n of_o tartar_n dissolve_v by_o the_o moistness_n of_o the_o air_n into_o a_o liquid_a form_n will_v ready_o mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n the_o texture_n be_v only_o change_v by_o a_o addition_n of_o water_n though_o before_o they_o both_o have_v their_o distinct_a superficies_n and_o though_o mix_v by_o a_o violent_a motion_n yet_o will_v present_o separate_v again_o and_o each_o regain_v its_o former_a position_n and_o oil_n or_o spirit_n of_o turpentine_n gentle_o draw_v off_o from_o sea-salt_n melt_v or_o well_o decrepitate_v will_v ready_o mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n though_o there_o be_v no_o sensible_a difference_n betwixt_o that_o oil_n and_o another_o which_o will_v not_o again_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n digest_v for_o some_o time_n with_o oil_n of_o almond_n will_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o soft_a saponary_a substance_n though_o by_o a_o strong_a agitation_n lixivial_a liquor_n can_v be_v mix_v with_o oil_n moreover_o though_o cold_a quicksilver_n will_v not_o mix_v with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n yet_o the_o boil_a oil_n will_v by_o pierce_v its_o substance_n both_o altar_n and_o incorporate_v with_o it_o figure_n the_o superficies_n of_o liquid_n by_o press_v one_o against_o another_o give_v each_o other_o a_o determinate_a figure_n there_o remain_v one_o thing_n yet_o to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o concern_v the_o difference_n in_o fluid_a body_n which_o be_v that_o some_o of_o they_o which_o will_v touch_v each_o other_o superficies_n without_o mixture_n will_v also_o reduce_v they_o to_o a_o determinate_a shape_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v pour_v upon_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la though_o the_o contiguous_a superficies_n of_o both_o be_v parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n yet_o the_o upper_a superficies_n of_o the_o spirit_n will_v be_v endue_v with_o a_o visible_a concavity_n if_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v in_o a_o slender_a glass_n unstop_v in_o which_o liquor_n it_o may_v be_v further_o note_v that_o upon_o a_o mixture_n of_o oil_n of_o almond_n it_o present_o separate_v the_o one_o from_o the_o 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those_o vapour_n which_o swim_v in_o our_o atmosphere_n opacous_a a_o transparent_a liquor_n may_v yield_v a_o liquor_n diaphanous_a and_o another_o opacous_a have_v say_v thus_o much_o of_o fluidity_n it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o subjoin_v one_o experiment_n which_o show_v how_o a_o transparent_a liquor_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o the_o one_o diaphanous_a and_o the_o other_o opacous_a pour_v into_o a_o warm_a solution_n of_o a_o ounce_n of_o quicksilver_n with_o a_o double_a quantity_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la about_o half_a a_o ounce_n or_o a_o ounce_n of_o file_n of_o lead_n be_v cautious_a that_o it_o be_v not_o put_v in_o so_o fast_o as_o to_o make_v the_o liquor_n boyl_n over_o the_o event_n of_o which_o will_v be_v that_o the_o lead_n will_v be_v immediate_o precipitate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a powder_n the_o mercury_n run_v together_o again_o into_o a_o fluid_a body_n immerse_v in_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o if_o the_o success_n of_o this_o experiment_n be_v frustrate_v the_o mercury_n may_v by_o degree_n be_v again_o recover_v if_o the_o white_a precipitate_v be_v diligent_o ground_n for_o some_o time_n with_o water_n body_n motion_n in_o the_o part_n of_o some_o consistent_a body_n but_o to_o put_v a_o conclusion_n to_o this_o chapter_n it_o be_v high_o probable_a that_o not_o only_o fluid_a but_o some_o consistent_a body_n have_v their_o part_n in_o a_o certain_a degree_n of_o motion_n whence_o as_o we_o may_v conjecture_v proceed_v that_o dust_n which_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o putrefaction_n in_o some_o sort_n of_o wood_n and_o it_o be_v not_o absurd_a to_o imagine_v that_o from_o hence_o worm_n in_o fruit_n as_o well_o as_o maggot_n in_o cheese_n derive_v their_o original_a and_o that_o there_o be_v motion_n among_o the_o part_n of_o some_o consistent_a body_n be_v further_a make_v probable_a both_o by_o that_o turpentine_n which_o i_o have_v observe_v to_o sweat_v out_o of_o deal_v board_n and_o the_o growth_n and_o increase_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o other_o consistent_a part_n of_o body_n but_o more_o particular_o in_o those_o of_o cold_a animal_n substance_n as_o oyster-shell_n crabs-claw_n and_o such_o like_a consistent_a substance_n have_v say_v thus_o much_o concern_v fluidity_n it_o may_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o take_v notice_n how_o by_o the_o mixture_n of_o liquids_n their_o fluidity_n be_v sometime_o promote_v and_o also_o sometime_o destroy_v but_o since_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n sometime_o or_o other_o in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n to_o make_v such_o observation_n i_o shall_v to_o close_v this_o chapter_n add_v a_o experiment_n which_o may_v intimate_v that_o the_o event_n of_o mixture_n be_v not_o always_o certain_a the_o experiment_n be_v the_o follow_v we_o evaporate_v a_o solution_n of_o copper_n in_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n from_o whence_o we_o obtain_v a_o vitriol_n of_o a_o lovely_a colour_n we_o likewise_o dissolve_v one_o part_n of_o good_a tin_n in_o a_o double_a quantity_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o though_o salt-petre_n as_o well_o as_o tin_n be_v both_o fusible_a yet_o this_o metalline_a mixture_n will_v neither_o melt_v on_o quick_a coal_n nor_o in_o a_o red_a hot_a crucible_n whereas_o the_o vitriol_n of_o copper_n will_v melt_v with_o the_o heat_n of_o one_o hand_n though_o the_o metalline_a ingredient_n be_v much_o more_o hard_a to_o be_v bring_v to_o fusion_n than_o lead_v or_o even_o silver_n itself_o and_o we_o have_v sometime_o obtain_v such_o a_o vitriol_n as_o may_v be_v preserve_v in_o a_o fluid_a form_n by_o the_o languid_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o winter_n either_o with_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n or_o a_o certain_a aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o texture_n of_o composition_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o well_o as_o the_o particular_a consistence_n of_o the_o ingredient_n chap._n xii_o experiment_n concern_v the_o superficial_a figure_n of_o fluids_n especial_o of_o liquor_n contiguous_a to_o other_o liquor_n consider_v that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o universe_n be_v make_v of_o fluid_a body_n especial_o if_o according_o to_o the_o cartesian_a hypothesis_n the_o sun_n and_o fix_v star_n consist_v of_o fluids_n it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o illustrate_v what_o we_o have_v only_o hint_v at_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n for_o the_o follow_a experiment_n make_v about_o the_o superficial_a figure_n of_o fluid_a body_n may_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v to_o illustrate_v as_o well_o what_o have_v be_v before_o deliver_v as_o what_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v the_o pore_n of_o fluid_a body_n beside_o they_o may_v be_v of_o no_o small_a use_n in_o account_v for_o several_a phaenomena_n belong_v to_o the_o grand_a system_n of_o the_o world_n experiment_n i._o and_o ii_o liquor_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o a_o nitrous_a liquor_n to_o try_v whether_o the_o concave_a surface_n of_o fluids_n contain_v in_o a_o pipe_n be_v whole_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o contiguous_a air_n i_o pour_v dephlegm_v spirit_n of_o wine_n upon_o a_o strong_a alkalizate_n menstrum_fw-la which_o be_v make_v of_o fix_a nitre_n run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la in_o a_o moist_a cellar_n and_o contain_v in_o a_o cylinder_n of_o glass_n of_o about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n diameter_n i_o find_v that_o the_o menstrum_fw-la change_v its_o concave_n for_o a_o horizontal_a superficies_n and_o the_o like_v succeed_v in_o a_o glass_n of_o a_o much_o great_a diameter_n and_o that_o superficial_a cavity_n be_v likewise_o almost_o destroy_v by_o pour_v on_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n instead_o of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n experiment_n iii_o water_n of_o water_n if_o instead_o of_o the_o former_a liquor_n common_a water_n be_v put_v into_o the_o glass_n cylinder_n it_o retain_v its_o former_a surface_n though_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n swim_v upon_o it_o instead_o of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n experiment_n iu._n to_o try_v what_o surface_n will_v be_v make_v by_o a_o oil_n heavy_a than_o water_n turpentine_n of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n by_o be_v contiguous_a to_o it_o i_o put_v pure_a oil_n of_o turpentine_n into_o a_o glass_n cylinder_n and_o find_v that_o the_o concave_a superficies_n which_o it_o have_v whilst_o the_o air_n be_v contiguous_a become_v convex_a and_o protuberant_a upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n experiment_n v._n etc._n the_o superficies_n of_o a_o solution_n of_o tartar_n etc._n etc._n again_o have_v put_v salt_n of_o tartar_n deliquate_v into_o a_o glass_n cylinder_n and_o pour_v oil_n of_o guajacum_fw-la upon_o it_o we_o find_v that_o the_o concave_a superficies_n be_v not_o alter_v as_o it_o be_v by_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o have_v gentle_o pour_v water_n upon_o these_o two_o the_o oil_n of_o guajacum_fw-la swim_v betwixt_o the_o water_n and_o the_o oil_n of_o tartar_n have_v a_o convex_a superficies_n at_o each_o end_n that_o next_o the_o oil_n of_o tartar_n be_v most_o protuberant_a experiment_n vi._n cloves_n of_o oil_n of_o cloves_n have_v likewise_o put_v oil_n of_o clove_n into_o a_o glass_n cylinder_n by_o pour_v water_n upon_o it_o it_o be_v concave_a superficies_n present_o become_v convex_a and_o this_o oil_n be_v too_o heavy_a to_o swim_v upon_o water_n we_o pour_v some_o of_o it_o upon_o deliquated_a salt_n of_o tartar_n pour_v upon_o it_o likewise_o a_o little_a common_a water_n which_o be_v do_v we_o find_v the_o oil_n protuberant_a at_o both_o end_n but_o more_o at_o that_o which_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o water_n experiment_n vii_o again_o have_v put_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o quicksilver_n into_o a_o pipe_n of_o the_o same_o diameter_n quicksilver_n of_o quicksilver_n but_o much_o long_a than_o the_o former_a we_o find_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o it_o which_o be_v otherwise_o considerable_o protuberant_a be_v in_o some_o measure_n depress_v when_o water_n instead_o of_o air_n be_v contiguous_a to_o it_o experiment_n viii_o same_o of_o the_o same_o upon_o trial_n whether_o a_o great_a or_o less_o quantity_n of_o water_n will_v alter_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o mercury_n i_o find_v that_o the_o great_a the_o quantity_n of_o water_n be_v the_o more_o it_o be_v depress_v though_o it_o do_v not_o always_o succeed_v but_o when_o the_o cylinder_n be_v of_o a_o considerable_a length_n be_v fill_v with_o water_n the_o mercury_n contiguous_a to_o the_o glass_n be_v depress_v to_o a_o level_n have_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o its_o superficies_n a_o protuberance_n semicircular_a and_o raise_v above_o the_o other_o level_a surface_n half_a its_o diameter_n which_o protuberance_n gradual_o subside_v as_o the_o mercury_n be_v draw_v off_o experiment_n ix_o boyliano_fw-it the_o surface_n of_o liquor_n in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it have_v convey_v two_o of_o the_o aforementioned_a cylinder_v one_o contain_v water_n and_o the_o other_o mercury_n into_o our_o pneumatical_a receiver_n
may_v be_v further_o note_v that_o even_o the_o shine_v reflection_n of_o quicksilver_n may_v be_v increase_v by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o liquor_n for_o if_o distil_v mercury_n be_v put_v into_o a_o viol_n and_o petroleum_n be_v gentle_o pour_v upon_o it_o the_o reflection_n will_v be_v sensible_o increase_v by_o the_o addition_n of_o that_o liquor_n but_o whether_o that_o reflection_n proceed_v from_o some_o subtle_a body_n include_v betwixt_o the_o petrloeum_n and_o the_o mercury_n i_o shall_v not_o determine_v only_o to_o make_v it_o probable_a that_o be_v there_o such_o a_o body_n include_v it_o may_v much_o contribute_v to_o such_o a_o phaenomenon_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o once_o see_v a_o transparent_a body_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v a_o true_a oriental_a pearl_n in_o it_o but_o upon_o the_o break_v of_o it_o that_o which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o pearl_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o cavity_n contain_v a_o substance_n something_o grosser_n than_o air_n and_o i_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o glass_n by_o i_o which_o have_v air_n include_v in_o a_o cavity_n of_o a_o pearl-like_a shape_n which_o cause_v such_o a_o vivid_n reflection_n as_o to_o resemble_v a_o fair_a pearl_n and_o i_o be_o master_n of_o a_o small_a stone_n which_o look_v upon_o in_o one_o hand_n direct_o down_o seem_v to_o be_v like_o common_a glass_n but_o if_o the_o beam_n of_o light_n in_o another_o posture_n fall_v upon_o it_o oblique_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o fine_a opal_n or_o oriental_a pearl_n experiment_n xvi_o boyliano_fw-it a_o experiment_n in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it have_v melt_v a_o gummy_a substance_n in_o a_o deep_a round_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n and_o convey_v it_o into_o our_o pneumatical_a receiver_n upon_o extract_v the_o air_n we_o find_v that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o gummy_a substance_n to_o rise_v in_o bubble_n several_a of_o which_o settle_v at_o the_o top_n and_o other_o be_v detain_v in_o the_o body_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o cooling_n of_o that_o substance_n where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o those_o which_o be_v include_v in_o the_o gummy_a substance_n do_v not_o only_o cause_v a_o considerable_a reflection_n but_o also_o the_o air_n be_v so_o rarify_v in_o they_o that_o upon_o the_o intro-admission_n of_o external_a air_n into_o the_o receiver_n those_o bubble_n which_o be_v raise_v to_o the_o top_n and_o adorn_v with_o curious_a colour_n like_o those_o of_o a_o rainbow_n be_v present_o break_v experiment_n xvii_o and_o xviii_o oil_n of_o water_n include_v in_o oil_n though_o it_o be_v usual_o think_v that_o the_o part_n of_o water_n be_v spherical_a in_o fall_v rain_n yet_o since_o hail_v which_o be_v nothing_o but_o drop_n of_o water_n freeze_v and_o often_o of_o a_o figure_n different_a from_o orbicular_a to_o be_v further_o satisfy_v concern_v their_o figure_n we_o convey_v several_a portion_n of_o water_n into_o oil_n of_o clove_n and_o find_v that_o one_o which_o be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o pea_n be_v so_o near_o a_o orbicular_a figure_n as_o to_o approach_v a_o elliptical_a one_o and_o other_o portion_n of_o water_n which_o be_v large_a be_v somewhat_o elliptical_a but_o rather_o more_o depress_v in_o the_o middle_n and_o these_o phaenomena_n be_v afford_v by_o those_o portion_n of_o water_n which_o be_v only_o contiguous_a to_o the_o oil_n and_o air._n experiment_n xix_o have_v put_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n upon_o oil_n of_o clove_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o a_o glass_n cylinder_n i_o observe_v that_o water_n be_v encompass_v betwixt_o these_o two_o heterogeneous_a body_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o oil_n of_o clove_n be_v but_o a_o very_a little_a protuberant_a and_o the_o low_a surface_n of_o the_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n be_v but_o moderate_o convex_a experiment_n xx._n aniseed_n of_o coagulate_v oil_n of_o aniseed_n to_o try_v whether_o fluid_a body_n will_v retain_v their_o smooth_a surface_n when_o reduce_v to_o a_o solid_a form_n i_o leave_v oil_n of_o aniseed_n to_o coagulate_v upon_o water_n and_o find_v that_o that_o superficies_n which_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o air_n as_o well_o as_o that_o which_o be_v next_o the_o water_n have_v each_o a_o peculiar_a kind_n of_o roughness_n experiment_n xxi_o have_v expose_v one_o portion_n of_o water_n to_o be_v freeze_v with_o oil_n of_o juniper_n upon_o it_o and_o another_o with_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n i_o find_v that_o the_o ice_n which_o be_v under_o each_o have_v a_o different_a and_o peculiar_a surface_n a_o variety_n of_o surface_n may_v likewise_o be_v observe_v upon_o several_a freeze_a liquor_n which_o abound_v with_o water_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v myself_o in_o a_o red_a decoction_n of_o soot_n of_o wood_n set_v to_o freeze_v crystal_n shape_v like_o dagger_n curious_o emboss_v as_o well_o as_o fringe_v at_o the_o end_n experiment_n xxii_o and_o beside_o the_o irregular_a surface_n of_o a_o freeze_a liquor_n contiguous_a to_o a_o heterogenous_a body_n i_o have_v observe_v in_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n that_o part_n of_o it_o be_v freeze_v the_o superficies_n which_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o liquid_a part_n be_v very_o unequal_a with_o several_a asperity_n experiment_n xxiii_o and_o not_o only_o body_n which_o be_v natural_o fluid_a but_o those_o bring_v to_o fusion_n by_o art_n acquire_v various_a suface_n upon_o their_o put_v on_o of_o a_o solid_a form_n for_o i_o have_v observe_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o a_o regulus_n martis_n stellatus_fw-la and_o a_o regulus_n of_o antimony_n without_o mars_n curious_a embossment_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o star_n but_o if_o to_o these_o body_n copper_n be_v artificial_o add_v they_o acquire_v new_a surface_n sometime_o resemble_v a_o net_n and_o i_o have_v now_o by_o i_o a_o mass_n of_o a_o conical_a figure_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n contiguous_a to_o each_o other_o which_o when_o separate_v the_o low_a part_n have_v upon_o its_o upper_a side_n a_o great_a many_o protuberance_n and_o the_o conical_a part_n on_o its_o superficies_n which_o be_v contiguous_a to_o that_o be_v furnish_v with_o cavity_n answerable_a to_o and_o adapt_v to_o receive_v those_o protuberance_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o more_o metalline_a part_n which_o be_v emboss_v with_o those_o protubetance_n be_v first_o harden_v and_o the_o other_o more_o scorious_a and_o recrementitious_a part_n be_v afterward_o adapt_v in_o its_o coagulation_n to_o the_o protuberance_n of_o that_o which_o will_v melt_v with_o the_o heat_n of_o one_o hand_n though_o the_o metalline_a ingredient_n be_v much_o more_o hard_a to_o be_v bring_v to_o fusion_n than_o lead_v or_o even_o silver_n itself_o and_o we_o have_v sometime_o obtain_v such_o a_o vitriol_n as_o may_v be_v preserve_v in_o a_o fluid_a form_n by_o the_o languid_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o winter_n either_o with_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n or_o a_o certain_a aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o texture_n of_o composition_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o well_o as_o the_o particular_a consistence_n of_o the_o ingredient_n chap._n xiii_o contain_v the_o history_n of_o firmness_n although_o the_o compactness_n and_o solidity_n of_o body_n be_v usual_o attribute_v to_o the_o coagulate_a quality_n of_o a_o saline_a ingredient_n by_o the_o chemist_n yet_o since_o their_o explication_n be_v not_o intelligible_a i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o inquire_v after_o another_o cause_n first_o then_o the_o solidity_n of_o a_o body_n be_v a_o quality_n contrary_n to_o fluidity_n solidity_n a_o definition_n of_o solidity_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o this_o viz._n that_o the_o gross_a part_n of_o solid_a body_n be_v so_o entangle_v and_o interweave_v together_o that_o they_o be_v unapt_a to_o diffuse_v themselves_o several_a way_n like_o fluid_a body_n and_o that_o the_o figure_n of_o their_o superficies_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o connection_n of_o the_o part_n that_o compose_v they_o than_o to_o the_o impression_n of_o outward_a body_n in_o which_o definition_n these_o three_o thing_n appear_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o solidity_n viz._n grossness_n of_o part_n rest_v and_o the_o implication_n of_o the_o constituent_a part_n solidity_n the_o grossness_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n contribute_v to_o its_o solidity_n and_o first_o that_o the_o grossness_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n contribute_v to_o the_o solidity_n of_o it_o be_v evident_a from_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v of_o fluidity_n for_o if_o minuteness_n of_o part_n be_v requisite_a to_o produce_v such_o a_o quality_n as_o fluidity_n it_o must_v follow_v that_o the_o inaptitude_n that_o be_v in_o grosser_n matter_n to_o be_v put_v in_o motion_n must_v be_v a_o further_a argument_n that_o the_o grossness_n of_o particle_n be_v conducive_a to_o firmness_n but_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o by_o grossness_n or_o minuteness_n of_o part_n i_o will_v
again_o without_o the_o additional_a weight_n of_o four_o ounce_n and_o in_o this_o experiment_n it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o as_o the_o valve_n be_v raise_v high_a and_o high_o in_o the_o cucurbite_n a_o weight_n portionable_o less_o be_v sufficient_a to_o open_v it_o in_o which_o experiment_n if_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la resist_v the_o open_n of_o the_o valve_n it_o will_v have_v require_v the_o same_o weight_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n as_o in_o the_o bottom_n the_o valve_n be_v in_o both_o place_n under_o water_n and_o therefore_o the_o difference_n rather_o proceed_v from_o the_o compressure_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la water_n that_o press_v the_o part_n of_o the_o valve_n together_o and_o though_o air_n be_v a_o body_n much_o more_o light_a than_o water_n yet_o consider_v that_o the_o difference_n be_v but_o about_o as_o much_o as_o 1000_o to_o 1_o and_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n which_o press_v upon_o our_o atmosphaere_n be_v incumbent_a upon_o each_o other_o for_o several_a score_n miles_n in_o height_n it_o be_v not_o absurd_a to_o expect_v that_o their_o pressure_n shall_v be_v considerable_a and_o sufficient_a to_o press_v the_o two_o marble_n together_o for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o our_o doctrine_n of_o firmness_n to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v another_o experiment_n which_o be_v that_o have_v suspend_v the_o aforementioned_a coherent_a marble_n in_o a_o large_a glass_n when_o the_o air_n be_v considerable_o exhaust_v the_o low_a present_o fall_v from_o it_o and_o though_o the_o uppermost_a be_v let_v down_o to_o it_o yet_o it_o can_v not_o be_v raise_v till_o fresh_a air_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o glass_n again_o and_o then_o they_o be_v again_o press_v strong_o together_o and_o become_v coherent_a as_o in_o the_o open_a air._n rest_n rest_v itself_o for_o the_o most_o part_n sufficient_a to_o cause_v rest_n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o discourse_n from_o which_o these_o experiment_n have_v make_v a_o digression_n though_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n may_v so_o join_v body_n together_o as_o to_o make_v they_o coherent_a yet_o general_o rest_v itself_o be_v sufficient_a to_o render_v a_o substance_n solid_a for_o since_o from_o what_o we_o have_v say_v above_o concern_v fluidity_n it_o appear_v that_o it_o depend_v on_o the_o motion_n of_o minute_n part_v one_o among_o another_o to_o deprive_v matter_n of_o that_o motion_n be_v enough_o to_o render_v it_o solid_a the_o part_n of_o a_o solid_a be_v contiguous_a and_o at_o rest_n refute_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o ancient_n and_o modern_n brief_o refute_v i_o know_v it_o be_v by_o all_o philospher_n whether_o modern_a or_o ancient_a usual_o hold_v that_o there_o be_v something_o else_o requisite_a to_o keep_v the_o part_n of_o a_o stable_a body_n together_o for_o some_o hold_n that_o a_o substantial_a form_n be_v requisite_a but_o since_o it_o be_v equal_o as_o difficult_a to_o conceive_v how_o matter_n shall_v be_v so_o various_o unite_v in_o several_a substance_n by_o a_o substantial_a form_n as_o without_o it_o we_o may_v as_o well_o fly_v to_o imaginary_a substance_n which_o be_v unite_v by_o their_o peculiar_a texture_n other_o think_v that_o the_o particle_n of_o solid_a body_n be_v link_v together_o by_o a_o spirit_n diffuse_v throughout_o the_o world_n or_o by_o a_o certain_a sort_n of_o glue_n which_o glew_v their_o small_a corpuscle_n together_o but_o as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v altogether_o unlikely_a for_o it_o may_v as_o well_o be_v a_o question_n how_o those_o part_n stick_v to_o the_o spirit_n as_o how_o they_o stick_v to_o one_o another_z themselves_o and_o it_o will_v be_v no_o less_o difficult_a to_o conceive_v how_o the_o particle_n of_o that_o spirit_n itself_o come_v to_o be_v fasten_v together_o beside_o be_v that_o true_a it_o will_v follow_v that_o ice_n which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o body_n void_a of_o spirit_n must_v abound_v with_o it_o since_o the_o part_n of_o 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etc._n be_v the_o effect_n of_o saline_a part_n for_o though_o salt_n have_v a_o power_n to_o curdle_n milk_n and_o coagulate_v other_o humour_n yet_o the_o harden_v property_n of_o it_o be_v not_o the_o effect_n of_o any_o inexplicable_a quality_n inherent_a in_o it_o but_o of_o the_o shape_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o particle_n which_o constitute_v it_o which_o by_o insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o pore_n of_o a_o body_n and_o stick_v several_a part_n together_o do_v like_o a_o wire_n fasten_v they_o one_o to_o another_o but_o notwithstanding_o the_o saline_a part_n of_o a_o body_n may_v thus_o contribute_v to_o the_o solidity_n of_o it_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o ingredient_n altogether_o necessary_a since_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n may_v be_v so_o interweave_v and_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o figure_n and_o contexture_n be_v so_o dispose_v to_o union_n as_o to_o form_v a_o solid_a body_n without_o the_o association_n of_o a_o saline_a ingredient_n beside_o it_o may_v be_v 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it_o may_v be_v likewise_o note_v that_o though_o the_o shell_n of_o hen_n egg_n be_v soft_a when_o first_o lay_v yet_o they_o present_o harden_v without_o the_o addition_n of_o any_o other_o saline_a ingredient_n and_o that_o this_o effect_n can_v be_v whole_o attribute_v to_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o air_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o it_o have_v oftentimes_o be_v observe_v that_o shell_n have_v be_v find_v hard_o several_a time_n in_o the_o very_a body_n of_o the_o hen_n before_o they_o be_v lay_v but_o that_o which_o i_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v a_o more_o convince_a argument_n be_v that_o in_o egypt_n where_o egg_n be_v hatch_v by_o the_o influence_n of_o a_o moderate_a external_a heat_n that_o fluid_a substance_n be_v change_v into_o several_a part_n of_o very_o different_a degree_n of_o consistency_n without_o the_o addition_n of_o any_o other_o body_n or_o the_o accession_n of_o a_o new_a salt_n but_o further_a i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o concession_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a of_o their_o own_o writer_n for_o in_o transmute_v of_o quicksilver_n into_o gold_n by_o a_o white_a or_o red_a tincture_n the_o quantity_n of_o it_o be_v only_o a_o grain_n to_o a_o pound_n of_o quicksilver_n it_o may_v just_o be_v demand_v how_o so_o small_a a_o quantity_n shall_v change_v six_o or_o seven_o thousand_o time_n its_o weight_n whereas_o even_o that_o grain_n be_v not_o altogether_o saline_a part_v of_o it_o be_v a_o sulphureous_a substance_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o helmont_n affirm_v upon_o his_o own_o as_o well_o as_o the_o experience_n of_o raymond_n lul_n that_o if_o the_o alkahost_n be_v draw_v from_o quicksilver_n the_o fluid_a mercury_n will_v be_v so_o coagulate_v as_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o powder_n though_o not_o the_o least_o of_o the_o saline_a liquor_n be_v leave_v behind_o and_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v that_o the_o present_a duke_n of_o holstein_n have_v by_o he_o a_o certain_a glass_n spirit_n of_o urine_n which_o in_o cold_a wether_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n and_o in_o warm_a dissolve_v into_o a_o limpid_a liquor_n which_o spirit_n be_v not_o otherwise_o prepare_v than_o by_o cohobate_v the_o distil_a spirit_n so_o often_o till_o the_o whole_a saline_a urinous_a substance_n be_v bring_v over_o unite_v together_o into_o one_o mass_n and_o for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o doctrine_n by_o we_o deliver_v to_o these_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o if_o so_o much_o as_o juice_n of_o lemmons_n fall_v into_o a_o cauldron_n of_o sacharine_n syrup_n it_o keep_v the_o whole_a mass_n from_o thicken_a into_o a_o sugar_n and_o this_o be_v confirm_v both_o by_o the_o french_a publisher_n of_o the_o natural_a and_o moral_a history_n of_o the_o american_n island_n call_v les_fw-fr isles_n antilles_n histor_n moral_a cap._n 5._o and_o also_o by_o gulielmus_fw-la piso_n histor_n nat._n &_o med._n brasil_n l._n 4._o c._n 1._o the_o latter_a of_o which_o express_v himself_o in_o these_o word_n si_fw-la momentum_fw-la succi_fw-la limonis_fw-la vel_fw-la acidi_fw-la quid_fw-la injiciatur_fw-la sacchari_fw-la consistentiam_fw-la nunquam_fw-la acquiret_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o totum_fw-la perditur_fw-la and_o it_o may_v be_v further_o observe_v to_o our_o present_a purpose_n that_o in_o make_v of_o sugar_n the_o juice_n squeeze_v out_o of_o the_o cane_n be_v usual_o first_o depurate_v in_o large_a vessel_n of_o copper_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v remove_v into_o vessel_n of_o a_o less_o size_n in_o order_n to_o a_o far_a depuration_n where_o we_o be_v to_o note_v also_o that_o whilst_o it_o remain_v in_o the_o large_a vessel_n they_o usual_o add_v very_o strong_a lees_n to_o promote_v depuration_n and_o when_o the_o depurated_a liquor_n be_v remove_v to_o the_o small_a vessel_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n to_o add_v oil_n or_o butter_n to_o preserve_v the_o liquor_n and_o to_o prevent_v it_o from_o boil_a over_o which_o 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fortis_fw-la and_o then_o put_v
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those_o philosopher_n as_o to_o the_o manner_n in_o which_o this_o internal_a principle_n produce_v its_o effect_n and_o since_o the_o manner_n of_o it_o by_o they_o be_v not_o intelligible_o explain_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v how_o many_o way_n nature_n take_v to_o render_v body_n solid_a by_o which_o we_o shall_v be_v better_o qualify_v to_o judge_n of_o the_o manner_n which_o those_o particle_n operate_v by_o in_o which_o the_o plastic_a power_n be_v say_v to_o lodge_v but_o to_o proceed_v for_o as_o much_o as_o hardness_n be_v the_o high_a degree_n of_o firmness_n we_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o a_o alteration_n of_o texture_n concur_v with_o other_o disposition_n of_o the_o component_a part_n of_o a_o body_n be_v enough_o to_o render_v it_o hard_o without_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o adventitious_a salt_n the_o tradition_n be_v common_a among_o those_o that_o search_n into_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n that_o coral_n though_o a_o hard_a substance_n with_o we_o be_v a_o soft_a body_n whilst_o remain_v under_o water_n according_a to_o that_o of_o ovid_n sic_fw-la &_o cor_fw-la alum_n quo_fw-la primum_fw-la contigit_fw-la auras_fw-la tempore_fw-la durescit_fw-la mollis_fw-la fuit_fw-la herba_fw-la sub_fw-la undis_fw-la ovid._n metamorph._n lib._n 15._o and_o though_o beguinus_n tyrocyn_n chym._n lib._n 2_o cap._n 10._o have_v urge_v very_o strong_a argument_n against_o this_o tradition_n yet_o that_o it_o have_v sometime_o be_v find_v true_a appear_v from_o what_o gassendus_fw-la lib._n 4_o an._n dom._n 1624._o relate_v of_o a_o ingenious_a gentleman_n who_o fish_v for_o coral_n near_o toulon_n viz._n the_o plant_n which_o be_v pluck_v up_o and_o draw_v out_o be_v neither_o red_a nor_o handsome_a till_o their_o bark_n be_v pull_v off_o in_o some_o part_n they_o be_v soft_a and_o will_v give_v way_n to_o the_o hand_n as_o towards_o the_o top_n which_o be_v break_v and_o squeze_v they_o send_v forth_o milk_n like_o that_o of_o figs._n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o jesuit_n fournier_n hydrograph_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 27._o and_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o one_o that_o practice_n physic_n in_o the_o east-indies_n that_o he_o gather_v white_a coral_n divers_a time_n on_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o island_n mehila_n not_o far_o from_o that_o of_o madagascar_n which_o be_v usual_o as_o soft_a as_o a_o onion_n and_o be_v observe_v to_o decay_v if_o it_o be_v not_o gather_v at_o a_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n agreeable_a to_o which_o piso_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 68_o make_v mention_n of_o several_a stony_a tree_n on_o the_o brasilian_n coast_n say_v e_z fundo_fw-la erutae_fw-la mox_fw-la durissimae_fw-la si_fw-la insolentur_fw-la in_o littore_fw-la siccae_fw-la niveique_fw-la coloris_fw-la fiunt_fw-la which_o may_v be_v favour_v by_o the_o follow_a relation_n of_o scaliger_n exit_fw-la bovillis_fw-la oppidanus_fw-la adjutus_fw-la medicamentis_fw-la eminxit_fw-la vitrum_fw-la sane_fw-la ex_fw-la illa_fw-la nobili_fw-la paxagorae_n pituita_fw-la dum_fw-la mingeretur_fw-la albuminis_fw-la mollitie_n emissum_fw-la vitri_fw-la duritie_fw-la ac_fw-la splendore_fw-la senatoris_fw-la filius_fw-la ejecit_fw-la puttis_fw-la modo_fw-la multis_fw-la &_o maximos_fw-la qui_fw-la aeris_fw-la contactu_fw-la postea_fw-la in_o gypseam_fw-la tum_fw-la speciem_fw-la tum_fw-la firmitatem_fw-la concrevere_v hic_fw-la quoque_fw-la nunc_fw-la recte_fw-la valet_fw-la and_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o a_o merchant_n and_o likewise_o a_o chemist_n of_o dantzick_n that_o several_a lump_n of_o amber_n have_v be_v take_v up_o soft_a upon_o their_o coast_n which_o present_o grow_v hard_a in_o the_o air_n which_o i_o the_o rather_o believe_v because_o i_o have_v several_a time_n observe_v both_o spider_n fly_n and_o straw_n enclose_v in_o amber_n body_n observation_n of_o indurated_a body_n and_o here_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o it_o from_o hence_o appear_v that_o 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other_o mechanical_a quality_n contribute_v to_o their_o various_a
form_n for_o beside_o the_o aforementioned_a instance_n i_o have_v observe_v that_o that_o bony_a substánce_n so_o much_o esteem_v by_o physician_n which_o be_v usual_o take_v out_o of_o the_o deer_n heart_n and_o be_v of_o a_o hard_a consistence_n have_v appear_v in_o one_o of_o those_o creature_n which_o i_o purposely_o look_v into_o to_o be_v soft_a and_o flexible_a like_o cartilage_n and_o indeed_o solidity_n seem_v so_o much_o to_o depend_v upon_o texture_n that_o it_o may_v just_o be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o most_o solid_a body_n have_v not_o before_o their_o concretion_n be_v in_o fluid_a form_n since_o among_o other_o rarity_n i_o have_v see_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o stone_n the_o exact_a figure_n of_o fish_n with_o their_o scale_n and_o finns_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o have_v know_v not_o only_a wood_n but_o several_a other_o substance_n as_o lead-oar_n minera_n antimonii_n marchasite_n etc._n etc._n find_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o stony_a concretion_n which_o be_v strong_a 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those_o noble_a faculty_n viz._n it_o be_v attract_v and_o direct_v virtue_n proper_o belong_v to_o magnetical_a body_n but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v in_o metal_n a_o motion_n though_o not_o discernible_a be_v further_a evident_a in_o a_o bell_n which_o a_o long_a time_n after_o it_o have_v be_v strike_v with_o the_o clapper_n continue_v to_o put_v the_o air_n into_o a_o undulate_a motion_n and_o thereby_o to_o cause_v very_o odd_a sound_n which_o must_v be_v a_o argument_n that_o the_o partieles_n of_o that_o bell_n be_v in_o a_o very_a nimble_a agitation_n otherwise_o they_o can_v not_o communicate_v motion_n to_o the_o circumambient_a air_n and_o thereby_o cause_v such_o a_o noise_n in_o the_o ear._n but_o i_o must_v confess_v there_o be_v two_o difficulty_n answer_v objection_n answer_v which_o occur_v to_o what_o i_o have_v be_v offer_v as_o first_o that_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o imagine_v how_o the_o internal_a part_n of_o such_o solid_a body_n shall_v be_v work_v upon_o by_o agent_n so_o weak_a as_o the_o air_n and_o especial_o some_o part_n of_o matter_n more_o minute_n which_o be_v disperse_v through_o it_o and_o second_o it_o may_v be_v question_v how_o any_o part_n of_o matter_n can_v be_v move_v so_o slow_a if_o at_o all_o as_o to_o be_v so_o long_o in_o move_v from_o the_o internal_a part_n of_o a_o needle_n to_o the_o superficies_n as_o our_o hypothesis_n require_v but_o to_o the_o first_o i_o answer_v that_o those_o external_n part_n be_v not_o the_o sole_a cause_n of_o these_o motion_n but_o only_a assistant_n to_o the_o principal_a which_o be_v evident_a from_o what_o have_v late_o be_v note_v concern_v the_o connate_a disposition_n to_o motion_n attribute_v to_o matter_n according_a to_o the_o epicurean_a and_o cartesian_a philosophy_n and_o by_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o loadstone_n upon_o the_o needle_n we_o may_v be_v teach_v to_o guess_v what_o
follow_a instance_n will_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o part_n of_o a_o liquid_a be_v put_v into_o motion_n may_v have_v such_o effect_n though_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o a_o tremulous_a motion_n may_v be_v give_v to_o the_o earth_n so_o violent_a as_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o great_a distance_n the_o instance_n be_v that_o the_o water_n have_v be_v put_v into_o so_o violent_a a_o motion_n by_o a_o engine_n contrive_v to_o sink_v ship_n that_o it_o shake_v several_a ship_n which_o be_v at_o a_o considerable_a distance_n so_o strong_o that_o those_o who_o be_v on_o the_o deck_n can_v scarce_o stand_v and_o in_o the_o late_a great_a sea-fight_n between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o dutch_a though_o they_o engage_v at_o several_a league_n distance_n from_o the_o hague_n yet_o the_o english_a ambassador_n who_o be_v then_o resident_n there_o assure_v i_o that_o the_o gun_n be_v not_o only_o hear_v thither_o but_o that_o his_o chamber_n window_n be_v 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at_o sea_n who_o have_v have_v sensible_a pain_n upon_o the_o discharge_v of_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n but_o lest_o in_o the_o aforementioned_a instance_n it_o shall_v be_v allege_v that_o these_o sound_n be_v rather_o propagate_v by_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o body_n which_o receive_v the_o first_o impression_n lean_v upon_o than_o convey_v through_o the_o air_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o the_o sound_v of_o thunder_n be_v not_o liable_a to_o such_o objection_n since_o it_o can_v only_o be_v propagate_v through_o the_o air_n yet_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v in_o so_o powerful_a a_o agitation_n that_o they_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o shake_v not_o only_o house_n but_o several_a ship_n at_o sea_n but_o these_o effect_n will_v not_o be_v think_v strange_a if_o we_o reflect_v on_o what_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o celerity_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o minute_n part_v of_o a_o body_n especial_o if_o we_o likewise_o consider_v that_o sound_v be_v propagate_v with_o great_a celerity_n than_o any_o thing_n we_o know_v beside_o in_o our_o sphere_n for_o though_o as_o marsennus_n take_v notice_n a_o bullet_n move_v 240_o yard_n in_o the_o six_o part_n of_o a_o minute_n yet_o i_o have_v observe_v sound_v to_o move_v 400_o yard_n in_o the_o same_o space_n of_o time_n but_o though_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o sound_n may_v be_v convey_v through_o the_o air_n the_o concussion_n of_o house_n or_o ship_n at_o sea_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o arise_v from_o the_o impetuous_a motion_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la violent_o shake_v by_o a_o intense_a agitation_n where_o those_o sound_n be_v original_o form_v yet_o i_o conceive_v the_o effect_n which_o those_o sound_n have_v on_o body_n which_o be_v place_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o this_o globe_n depend_v in_o some_o measure_n on_o the_o disposition_n of_o those_o body_n to_o be_v work_v upon_o by_o such_o but_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o instance_n allege_v in_o proof_n of_o this_o proposition_n i_o shall_v add_v a_o observation_n make_v by_o the_o experience_a platerus_n which_o show_v that_o a_o solid_a body_n may_v have_v such_o a_o disposition_n as_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o receive_v impression_n from_o the_o languid_a motion_n of_o air_n for_o lib._n observe_v 1._o p._n 185._o he_o say_v faemina_fw-la quaedam_fw-la in_o subitaneum_fw-la incidit_fw-la morbum_fw-la viribus_fw-la subito_fw-la prostratis_fw-la se_fw-la suffocari_fw-la indesinenter_fw-la clamitans_fw-la etsi_fw-la nec_fw-la stertoris_n nec_fw-la tussis_fw-la aliqua_fw-la essent_fw-la indicia_fw-la maxim_n verò_fw-la de_fw-fr aura_fw-fr quadam_fw-la adveniente_fw-la si_fw-la vel_fw-la leviter_fw-la aliquis_fw-la adstantium_fw-la se_fw-la moveret_fw-la quae_fw-la illam_fw-la opprimeret_fw-la conquerebatur_fw-la seque_fw-la suffocari_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la propius_fw-la accederet_fw-la clamitabat_fw-la vix_fw-la dum_fw-la biduum_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la anxietate_fw-la perseverans_fw-la expiravit_fw-la to_o which_o he_o add_v vidi_n &_o alios_fw-la aegros_fw-la de_fw-la simili_fw-la aura_fw-fr quae_fw-la eos_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la illis_fw-la appropinquaret_fw-la in_fw-la suffocationis_fw-la periculum_fw-la induceret_fw-la conquerentes_fw-la quod_fw-la semper_fw-la pessimum_fw-la est_fw-la signum_fw-la deprehendi_fw-la iii_o iii_o prop._n iii_o though_o the_o number_n of_o insensible_a part_n of_o matter_n put_v into_o motion_n enable_v they_o to_o perform_v several_a thing_n yet_o they_o be_v usual_o slight_v because_o invisible_a the_o effect_n of_o some_o subtle_a part_n of_o matter_n be_v usual_o esteem_v very_o inconsiderable_a by_o those_o who_o imagine_v that_o these_o more_o subtle_a effluvia_fw-la of_o body_n only_a act_n upon_o the_o exteral_a superficies_n of_o other_o but_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o those_o effluvia_fw-la be_v not_o only_o very_o numerous_a but_o of_o convenient_a figure_n and_o size_n to_o penetrate_v into_o the_o inmost_a recess_n of_o body_n they_o 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it_o these_o subtle_a particle_n present_o penetrate_v the_o substance_n of_o that_o solid_a body_n and_o so_o exagitate_v the_o part_n of_o it_o as_o to_o put_v they_o into_o a_o motion_n strong_a enough_o to_o cause_v a_o sensible_a heat_n and_o we_o have_v not_o a_o less_o remarkable_a instance_n of_o the_o force_n of_o unheeded_a
the_o button_n i_o lute_v on_o a_o receiver_n to_o prevent_v a_o communication_n betwixt_o the_o external_n and_o internal_a air_n yet_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o watch_n may_v be_v percive_v by_o hold_v one_o ear_n over_o that_o place_n where_o the_o watch_n be_v suspend_v and_o i_o have_v often_o feel_v not_o only_o the_o strike_n of_o a_o watch_n include_v in_o a_o double_a case_n when_o i_o have_v wear_v it_o in_o my_o pocket_n but_o even_o the_o gentle_a motion_n of_o the_o balance_n to_o the_o foregoing_a instance_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o upon_o sudden_a clap_n of_o thunder_n the_o very_a bed_n have_v be_v perceive_v to_o shake_v by_o those_o that_o lay_v upon_o they_o and_o agricola_n de_fw-fr nat._n eorum_fw-la quae_fw-la fluunt_fw-la è_fw-la terra_fw-la lib._n 4._o cap._n 7._o say_v si_fw-mi animal_n deijicitur_fw-la in_o antrum_n quod_fw-la est_fw-la in_o carelia_n region_fw-la scandiae_fw-la erumpit_fw-la ut_fw-la perhibent_fw-la sonus_fw-la intolerabilis_fw-la magno_fw-la 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propagate_v much_o further_o than_o we_o think_v of_o for_o though_o we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o beyond_o the_o place_n where_o we_o stand_v yet_o we_o may_v learn_v from_o echo_n that_o the_o undulate_a motion_n of_o the_o air_n be_v continue_v a_o good_a way_n further_o and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o it_o be_v continue_v further_a than_o the_o place_n where_o the_o echo_n be_v make_v since_o the_o learned_a fromundus_n professor_n of_o philosophy_n at_o louvain_n in_o the_o year_n 1627._o say_v that_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o ostend_n the_o noise_n of_o the_o cannon_n be_v hear_v a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o english_a mile_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v what_o verenius_n geogr._n gen._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 19_o relate_v as_o observe_v by_o traelichius_n at_o the_o mountain_n carpathus_n in_o hungary_n his_o word_n be_v these_o explosi_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la summitate_fw-la sclopetum_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la majorem_fw-la sonitum_fw-la primò_fw-la prae_fw-la se_fw-la tulit_fw-la quam_fw-la si_fw-la tegillum_fw-la aut_fw-la bacillum_fw-la confregissem_fw-la post_fw-la intervallum_fw-la autem_fw-la temporis_fw-la murmur_n prolixum_fw-la invaluit_fw-la inferioresque_fw-la montis_fw-la part_n convalles_fw-la &_o sylvas_fw-la opplevit_fw-la descendendo_fw-la per_fw-la nives_fw-la annoso_n intra_fw-la convalles_fw-la cum_fw-la iterum_fw-la sclopetum_fw-la exonerarem_fw-la major_a ac_fw-la horribilior_fw-la fragor_fw-la quam_fw-la ex_fw-la tormento_n capacissimo_fw-la inde_fw-la exoriebatur_fw-la hinc_fw-la verebar_fw-la ne_fw-la totus_fw-la mons_fw-la concussus_fw-la mecum_fw-la correveret_fw-la duravitque_fw-la hic_fw-la sonus_n per_fw-la semiquadrantem_fw-la horae_fw-la usque_fw-la dum_fw-la abstrusissimas_fw-la cavernas_fw-la penetrasset_fw-la ad_fw-la quas_fw-la herundique_fw-la multiplicatus_fw-la resiliit_fw-la &_o talia_fw-la quidem_fw-la objecta_fw-la concava_fw-la in_o summitate_fw-la se_fw-la non_fw-la illico_fw-la offerebant_fw-la idcireo_fw-la fere_n insensibiliter_fw-la primum_fw-la sonus_n repercutiebatur_fw-la donec_fw-la descendendo_fw-la antris_fw-la &_o convallibus_fw-la vicinior_fw-la factus_fw-la ad_fw-la eas_fw-la fortius_fw-la impegit_fw-la v._o the_o effect_n of_o the_o particular_a modification_n of_o the_o invisible_a motion_n of_o fluids_n v._n prop._n v._n on_o animal_n body_n dispose_v to_o be_v work_v upon_o by_o they_o be_v not_o usual_o sufficient_o note_v though_o it_o may_v be_v think_v strange_a that_o the_o impulse_n of_o so_o slight_a and_o languid_a part_n of_o matter_n as_o those_o of_o air_n shall_v by_o their_o motion_n produce_v any_o sensible_a effect_n yet_o if_o we_o consider_v what_o a_o number_n of_o those_o part_n succeed_v each_o other_o it_o be_v less_o to_o be_v admire_v that_o the_o effect_n of_o their_o joynt-action_n shall_v be_v considerable_a since_o we_o see_v that_o a_o pendulum_n of_o a_o clock_n be_v continue_v in_o a_o swing_a motion_n by_o a_o very_a languid_a force_n and_o the_o air_n may_v be_v put_v into_o a_o motion_n so_o powerful_a either_o by_o the_o vibration_n of_o the_o string_n or_o the_o mechanical_a form_n of_o a_o musical_a instrument_n or_o scrape_v the_o edge_n of_o a_o knife_n upon_o metal_n as_o to_o cause_v a_o involuntary_a excretion_n of_o urine_n upon_o a_o body_n right_o dispose_v as_o it_o happen_v to_o a_o knight_n of_o gascony_n or_o to_o cause_v that_o effect_n which_o be_v usual_o term_v set_v the_o tooth_n on_o edge_n beside_o which_o instance_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o so_o languid_a a_o motion_n as_o that_o of_o the_o air_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o have_v a_o servant_n who_o gum_n will_v present_o bleed_v upon_o tear_v of_o brown_a paper_n and_o sir_n henry_n blount_n as_o well_o as_o kircherus_n relate_v a_o story_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n the_o former_a have_v observe_v in_o grand_a cairo_n in_o egypt_n a_o nest_n of_o serpent_n which_o upon_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o citron_n will_v 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by_o a_o tarantula_n who_o upon_o the_o play_v of_o a_o peculiar_a tune_n be_v compel_v to_o dance_v as_o long_o as_o it_o continue_v though_o other_o tune_n have_v no_o such_o effect_n on_o they_o the_o truth_n of_o which_o relation_n be_v confirm_v both_o by_o epiphanius_n ferdinandus_n and_o several_a other_o and_o i_o be_v acquaint_v with_o one_o who_o tell_v i_o that_o a_o certain_a lady_n can_v not_o forbear_v weep_v when_o she_o hear_v a_o particular_a tune_n play_v and_o i_o have_v find_v several_a time_n a_o sort_n of_o chillness_n upon_o myself_o upon_o the_o repetition_n of_o two_o verse_n in_o lucan_n especial_o when_o i_o have_v be_v any_o thing_n feverish_a to_o which_o instance_n of_o the_o great_a effect_n of_o languid_a motion_n may_v be_v add_v what_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o subtle_a effluvia_fw-la the_o ray_n of_o light_n cause_v those_o that_o come_v out_o of_o a_o dark_a place_n present_o to_o sneeze_v and_o colour_n which_o be_v but_o several_a modification_n of_o light_n have_v not_o less_o considerable_a effect_n which_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o influence_n red_a cloth_n have_v upon_o turkey-cock_n and_o the_o learned_a valesius_fw-la
that_o the_o house_n in_o that_o town_n apparent_o shake_v especial_o those_o which_o be_v most_o direct_o situate_v towards_o the_o gap_n which_o as_o that_o author_n observe_v must_v needs_o proceed_v from_o the_o impression_n of_o the_o air_n upon_o the_o house_n for_o have_v it_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o tremulous_a motion_n in_o the_o ground_n all_o the_o house_n will_v have_v shake_v alike_o which_o be_v otherwise_o to_o prove_v that_o motion_n may_v be_v propagate_v through_o different_a medium_n beside_o what_o have_v be_v before_o deliver_v i_o shall_v add_v that_o the_o eloquent_a famianus_n strada_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la belg._n dec._n 2._o lib._n 6._o vel_fw-la 7._o say_n that_o a_o very_a stupendous_a work_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o parma_n to_o prevent_v the_o city_n of_o antwerp_n from_o be_v relieve_v by_o the_o river_n scheld_v a_o engineer_n contrive_v to_o blow_v it_o up_o though_o with_o success_n not_o a_o little_a tragical_a by_o a_o boat_n fraught_v with_o gunpowder_n etc._n etc._n for_o it_o raise_v such_o a_o commotion_n that_o the_o earth_n shake_v to_o the_o distance_n of_o 36_o english_a mile_n and_o the_o deep_a river_n be_v so_o agitate_a as_o first_o to_o discover_v its_o bottom_n and_o afterward_o to_o overswell_v the_o bank_n the_o castle_n together_o with_o man_n cannon_n etc._n etc._n be_v violent_o toss_v into_o the_o air_n together_o with_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o other_o accident_n horrid_a and_o dreadful_a and_o to_o illustrate_v further_a what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n concern_v the_o effect_n of_o music_n on_o body_n due_o dispose_v to_o be_v work_v on_o by_o it_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o experience_a traveller_n tell_v i_o that_o in_o the_o east_n indies_n he_o see_v tame_a serpent_n which_o will_v raise_v themselves_o erect_v in_o the_o air_n except_o 3_o or_o 4_o inch_n of_o their_o tail_n which_o they_o rest_v upon_o and_o he_o add_v that_o upon_o the_o play_v of_o some_o part_n of_o the_o tune_n they_o will_v be_v put_v into_o very_o brisk_a and_o surprise_a motion_n whereas_o when_o another_o part_n of_o it_o be_v a-playing_a they_o seem_v to_o be_v half_o a_o sleep_n and_o dissolve_v in_o pleasure_n another_o instance_n which_o show_v how_o much_o the_o peculiar_a texture_n of_o body_n contribute_v to_o their_o effect_n be_v publish_v by_o the_o learned_a marhofius_n who_o relate_v that_o nicolaus_n petterus_n have_v find_v out_o a_o note_n which_o be_v loud_a and_o last_a will_v without_o visible_o touch_v the_o vessel_n cause_n a_o glass-romer_n to_o tremble_v and_o burst_v but_o if_o the_o note_n be_v raise_v either_o too_o high_a or_o depress_v too_o low_o it_o will_v have_v no_o such_o effect_n a_o further_a instance_n of_o the_o efficacy_n of_o languid_a motion_n be_v that_o i_o once_o obtain_v several_a piece_n of_o glass_n the_o texture_n of_o which_o be_v so_o peculiar_a that_o if_o the_o internal_a superficies_n be_v gentle_o scratch_v oblique_o with_o a_o pin_n they_o will_v fly_v in_o piece_n though_o 6_o or_o 7_o time_n thick_a than_o common_a drinking-glass_n to_o show_v how_o much_o motion_n even_o in_o solid_a body_n may_v be_v promote_v by_o the_o stroke_n of_o very_a weak_a agent_n i_o shall_v here_o relate_v that_o several_a urinal_n who_o part_n be_v of_o a_o peculiar_a texture_n be_v rub_v with_o sand_n and_o water_n have_v their_o part_n put_v into_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o motion_n as_o in_o a_o little_a time_n after_o to_o break_v without_o any_o cause_n to_o be_v observe_v except_o that_o precedent_a attrition_n of_o sand._n to_o make_v it_o evident_a that_o the_o part_n of_o solid_a body_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v at_o rest_n may_v have_v very_o powerful_a effect_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_v observation_n first_o that_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o a_o famous_a jeweller_n that_o when_o he_o ground_n ruby_n or_o saphire_n or_o other_o precious_a stone_n upon_o a_o mill_n their_o part_n will_v acquire_v such_o a_o degree_n of_o heat_n as_o to_o afford_v light_n like_o fire_n the_o light_n flow_v from_o each_o be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o gem_n it_o come_v from_o and_o i_o be_o likewise_o inform_v by_o another_o that_o when_o they_o have_v acquire_v a_o certain_a degree_n of_o heat_n the_o edge_n will_v gape_v and_o if_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o mill_n be_v continue_v the_o gem_n will_v fly_v in_o piece_n but_o if_o it_o be_v stop_v the_o cold_a gem_n will_v be_v whole_a and_o entire_a to_o this_o observation_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o add_v that_o i_o once_o place_v a_o bottle_n to_o which_o be_v adapt_v a_o glass-stopple_n in_o my_o window_n and_o about_o a_o twelve_o month_n after_o as_o i_o be_v sit_v in_o the_o room_n the_o top_n of_o the_o stopple_n fly_v off_o of_o its_o own_o accord_n leave_v the_o other_o part_n fast_o in_o the_o glass_n but_o the_o part_n of_o solid_a glass_n will_v not_o only_o fly_v in_o piece_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n but_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v that_o sometime_o in_o the_o east-indies_n diamond_n themselves_o be_v observe_v to_o burst_v asunder_o without_o the_o impression_n of_o any_o visible_a agent_n the_o work_n of_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boil_v esq_n epitomise_v book_n ii_o chap._n i._o of_o the_o systematical_a or_o cosmical_a quality_n of_o thing_n matter_n quality_n proceed_v partly_o from_o the_o influence_n of_o outward_a agent_n as_o well_o as_o the_o primary_n affection_n of_o matter_n consider_v that_o the_o particular_a quality_n of_o body_n depend_v on_o a_o certain_a relation_n which_o they_o have_v one_o towards_o another_o by_o which_o they_o be_v adapt_v to_o act_n or_o to_o be_v act_v on_o i_o the_o rather_o choose_v to_o call_v the_o quality_n consider_v in_o this_o chapter_n systematical_a or_o cosmical_a quality_n they_o not_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o those_o primary_n affection_n of_o body_n consider_v bare_o as_o such_o viz._n motion_n size_n and_o shape_n but_o of_o body_n so_o diversify_v by_o those_o primary_n affection_n act_v mutual_o on_o one_o another_o as_o quicksilver_n be_v endue_v with_o a_o power_n to_o dissolve_v both_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o a_o aptitude_n to_o be_v dissolve_v in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la so_o that_o i_o will_v not_o be_v understand_v to_o mean_v by_o cosmical_a quality_n such_o as_o may_v be_v attribute_v to_o the_o mutual_a action_n and_o passion_n of_o body_n place_v in_o some_o imaginary_a space_n beyond_o the_o world_n but_o place_v in_o the_o universe_n as_o now_o constitute_v with_o a_o vast_a variety_n of_o body_n about_o they_o this_o i_o have_v already_o hint_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n of_o form_n and_o quality_n and_o therefore_o my_o design_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v to_o consider_v what_o quality_n a_o body_n may_v aquire_v by_o the_o impression_n or_o influence_n of_o agent_n who_o effect_n be_v unknown_a or_o not_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o though_o all_o these_o phaenomena_n which_o be_v usual_o attribute_v to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n may_v proper_o be_v consider_v in_o a_o chapter_n that_o bear_v this_o title_n yet_o since_o those_o agent_n most_o concern_v in_o the_o effect_v of_o these_o phaenomena_n be_v either_o the_o star_n the_o subterraneal_a part_n or_o the_o aether_n and_o atmosphaere_n we_o live_v in_o i_o shall_v wave_v those_o and_o only_o here_o consider_v what_o be_v requisite_a to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v such_o real_a quality_n depend_v on_o unheeded_a agent_n and_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n proposition_n our_o notion_n of_o cosmical_a quality_n ground_v on_o the_o three_o follow_a proposition_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v i_o shall_v brief_o intimate_v that_o our_o notion_n of_o cosmical_a quality_n be_v ground_v upon_o these_o three_o proposition_n 1._o that_o some_o body_n be_v altogether_o inactive_a till_o they_o be_v act_v on_o and_o that_o other_o be_v put_v into_o action_n chief_o by_o the_o influence_n of_o these_o catholic_n and_o unheeded_a agent_n 2._o that_o there_o be_v several_a body_n which_o when_o put_v into_o action_n be_v subtle_a enough_o to_o insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o pore_n of_o other_o body_n which_o they_o be_v by_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o nature_n force_v to_o act_v on_o 3._o that_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o mechanical_a texture_n of_o the_o body_n be_v enough_o to_o dispose_v it_o or_o render_v it_o unapt_a to_o be_v work_v on_o by_o those_o unheeded_a agent_n and_o these_o three_o proposition_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o make_v out_o by_o the_o follow_a phaenomena_n and_o experiment_n to_o begin_v then_o with_o the_o first_o proposition_n viz._n that_o some_o body_n be_v altogether_o inactive_a till_o they_o be_v act_v on_o and_o that_o other_o be_v put_v into_o action_n first_o proposition_n the_o first_o chief_o by_o the_o
colour_n which_o phaenomena_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v exhibit_v be_v not_o either_o some_o insensible_a corpuscle_n transmit_v in_o the_o form_n of_o effluvia_fw-la from_o those_o object_n or_o some_o other_o subtle_a particle_n of_o matter_n direct_v by_o local_a motion_n from_o the_o object_n to_o the_o paper_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o eye_n phaenomena_n the_o establish_v law_n of_o the_o universe_n contribute_v to_o the_o produce_v of_o several_a phaenomena_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o the_o universe_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n contribute_v to_o the_o produce_v of_o several_a phaenomena_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o operation_n of_o insensible_a and_o unheeded_a cause_n for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o if_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n be_v hold_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n so_o that_o the_o low_a end_n of_o it_o touch_v the_o northern_a point_n of_o a_o magnetical_a needle_n it_o will_v present_o drive_v it_o away_o whereas_o if_o the_o position_n of_o that_o iron_n bar_v be_v so_o alter_v as_o to_o touch_v that_o point_n with_o the_o other_o end_n it_o will_v by_o a_o contrary_a faculty_n attract_v it_o except_o the_o iron_n bar_n have_v stand_v a_o considerable_a time_n in_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n and_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n or_o have_v lie_v a_o considerable_a time_n point_v north_n and_o south_n and_o so_o have_v acquire_v a_o more_o durable_a verticity_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v ask_v quality_n how_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n acquire_v magnetical_a quality_n why_o by_o such_o posture_n the_o magnetical_a quality_n of_o iron_n shall_v be_v so_o much_o increase_v it_o may_v probable_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o proceed_v from_o hence_o viz._n because_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o iron_n by_o lie_v near_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n have_v their_o pore_n render_v more_o apt_a to_o receive_v and_o transmit_v the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o needle_n so_o that_o consequent_o that_o part_n of_o the_o iron_n which_o be_v most_o affect_a by_o those_o steam_n must_v become_v the_o strong_a and_o consequent_o the_o north_n point_v of_o the_o needle_n for_o which_o reason_n it_o must_v drive_v away_o the_o north_n point_v of_o the_o needle_n and_o attract_v the_o south_n but_o if_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o bar_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o needle_n by_o a_o contrary_a reason_n it_o be_v less_o magnetical_a it_o must_v attract_v it_o but_o not_o to_o insist_v upon_o this_o explanation_n of_o the_o magnetical_a quality_n of_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n i_o shall_v only_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o order_n to_o acquire_v a_o durable_a magnetical_a virtue_n that_o the_o iron_n shall_v stand_v long_o in_o that_o perpendicular_a posture_n which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v what_o i_o contend_v for_o viz._n that_o the_o establish_a law_n of_o nature_n be_v requisite_a for_o the_o production_n of_o several_a phaenomena_n which_o will_v not_o be_v effect_v be_v not_o those_o law_n observe_v proposition_n the_o three_o proposition_n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o the_o three_o and_o last_o proposition_n viz._n that_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o mechanical_a texture_n of_o a_o body_n be_v enough_o to_o dispose_v it_o or_o render_v it_o unapt_a to_o be_v work_v on_o by_o those_o unheeded_a agent_n this_o be_v evident_a from_o what_o be_v practise_v at_o sea_n it_o be_v the_o usual_a custom_n for_o the_o seaman_n to_o throw_v water_n upon_o their_o sail_n to_o quicken_v the_o motion_n of_o their_o vessel_n when_o pursue_v by_o pirate_n for_o the_o thread_n of_o the_o sail_n be_v swell_v with_o water_n and_o the_o pore_n by_o that_o mean_v make_v less_o the_o wind_n not_o find_v so_o free_a a_o passage_n through_o they_o must_v consequent_o have_v the_o great_a force_n upon_o the_o sail-clothe_n and_o so_o drive_v the_o ship_n forward_o more_o swift_o another_o instance_n of_o considerable_a effect_n succeed_v a_o very_a slight_a alteration_n in_o texture_n may_v be_v observe_v when_o on_o a_o windy_a day_n a_o chamber-window_n be_v leave_v open_a for_o the_o wind_n which_o before_o only_o shake_v the_o glass_n will_v present_o blow_v the_o curtain_n about_o and_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o chamber_n which_o be_v in_o a_o disposition_n to_o be_v easy_o move_v as_o dust_n paper_n etc._n etc._n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o example_n altogether_o not_o so_o gross_a we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o common_a tartar_n will_v neither_o dissolve_v in_o the_o air_n nor_o easy_o in_o water_n yet_o when_o part_n of_o it_o be_v drive_v away_o by_o calcination_n it_o ready_o dissolve_v and_o run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la in_o a_o moist_a air._n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o though_o a_o loadstone_n by_o be_v heat_v in_o the_o fire_n and_o cool_v again_o undergo_v no_o visible_a change_n as_o to_o shape_n or_o size_n nor_o for_o as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v perceive_v by_o the_o eye_n lose_v none_o of_o its_o part_n yet_o by_o a_o invisible_a change_n of_o texture_n effect_v by_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n it_o may_v alter_v its_o verticity_n according_a to_o the_o different_a posture_n it_o be_v permit_v to_o cool_v in_o and_o the_o like_a change_n i_o have_v observe_v in_o iron_n who_o verticity_n be_v alter_v by_o a_o change_n of_o texture_n wrought_v by_o so_o weak_a a_o agent_n as_o the_o earth_n to_o these_o we_o may_v add_v several_a instance_n in_o liquid_a body_n and_o first_o that_o though_o honey_n and_o water_n mix_v together_o in_o a_o undue_a proportion_n reserve_v each_o their_o distinct_a nature_n yet_o if_o four_o or_o five_o part_n of_o water_n be_v add_v to_o one_o part_n of_o honey_n by_o some_o subtle_a agent_n or_o other_o they_o be_v present_o ferment_v and_o unite_v into_o one_o common_a mass_n and_o i_o be_o assure_v by_o a_o merchant_n who_o live_v several_a year_n in_o the_o canary_n island_n that_o if_o a_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n close_o stop_v be_v violent_o roll_v along_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o liquor_n will_v be_v so_o change_v that_o if_o it_o be_v but_o about_o a_o month_n old_a one_o of_o the_o end_n will_v be_v burst_v out_o and_o the_o liquor_n lose_v another_o instance_n in_o which_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o body_n dispose_v it_o to_o be_v so_o powerful_o work_v upon_o we_o have_v in_o glass_n which_o upon_o a_o sudden_a removal_n from_o the_o fire_n into_o cold_a water_n be_v subject_a to_o fly_v in_o piece_n but_o a_o instance_n which_o be_v more_o remarkable_a be_v that_o a_o hot_a plate_n of_o copper_n be_v permit_v to_o cool_v upon_o some_o which_o be_v more_o moderate_o hot_a in_o the_o fire_n and_o thence_o remove_v upon_o a_o plate_n several_a piece_n like_o scale_n will_v fly_v off_o it_o when_o expose_v to_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o the_o bolonian_a stone_n acquire_v such_o a_o admirable_a quality_n by_o calcination_n that_o by_o be_v place_v in_o the_o sunbeam_n for_o some_o time_n it_o get_v such_o a_o degree_n of_o luminousness_n as_o to_o retain_v it_o a_o considerable_a time_n when_o remove_v into_o the_o dark_a chap._n ii_o of_o cosmical_a suspicion_n the_o world_n about_o we_o be_v stock_v with_o such_o a_o variety_n of_o object_n and_o other_o thing_n too_o small_a or_o subtle_a to_o be_v discern_v it_o may_v not_o be_v unuseful_a upon_o some_o account_n to_o propose_v conjecture_n where_o the_o subject_a consider_v admit_v of_o no_o clear_a discovery_n first_o suspicion_n the_o first_o and_o first_o it_o be_v not_o without_o reason_n i_o suspect_v that_o beside_o those_o uniform_a part_n of_o matter_n of_o which_o the_o aether_n by_o some_o philosopher_n be_v think_v to_o consist_v there_o be_v also_o several_a other_o part_n of_o matter_n which_o be_v different_o dispose_v to_o work_v upon_o body_n according_a to_o the_o various_a texture_n of_o those_o body_n they_o chance_v to_o work_v upon_o or_o according_a to_o the_o different_a agent_n they_o chance_v to_o work_v concurrent_o with_o and_o this_o suspicion_n be_v not_o improbable_a since_o the_o inquisitive_a gilbert_n have_v not_o only_o discover_v the_o magnetical_a quality_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v diffuse_v on_o every_o side_n but_o also_o it_o be_v common_o know_v that_o upon_o the_o hunt_n of_o a_o deer_n several_a subtle_a effluvia_fw-la be_v leave_v behind_o in_o the_o air_n which_o we_o shall_v pass_v by_o unobserved_a be_v there_o not_o such_o creature_n as_o bloodhound_n endow_v with_o organ_n fit_v to_o receive_v those_o subtle_a steam_n second_o a_o second_o and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o several_a person_n shall_v have_v such_o peculiar_a temperament_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v
mix_v with_o it_o by_o press_v into_o the_o vessel_n i_o shall_v add_v instance_n not_o liable_a to_o such_o objection_n for_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v not_o only_o at_o the_o cape_n of_o comori_fw-la but_o elsewhere_o by_o divers_a that_o the_o water_n be_v as_o salt_n at_o the_o bottom_n as_o at_o the_o top_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o divers_n have_v not_o only_o under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n observe_v the_o water_n exceed_v salt_n but_o have_v bring_v several_a lump_n of_o salt_n from_o the_o bottom_n with_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o like_a saltness_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v be_v discover_v near_o the_o strait_n of_o gibralter_n mouth_n and_o further_o that_o i_o may_v not_o only_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o sea_n be_v thus_o salt_n at_o the_o bottom_n i_o procure_v two_o quart_n of_o sea_n water_n the_o one_o take_v up_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o another_o at_o the_o top_n in_o which_o though_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n in_o colour_n yet_o be_v hydrostatical_o try_v there_o be_v no_o sensible_a difference_n in_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o they_o but_o to_o make_v out_o what_o i_o have_v before_o intimate_v viz._n that_o the_o freshness_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n near_o goa_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o the_o rise_n of_o some_o spring_n under_o water_n though_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o the_o salt_n water_n will_v in_o some_o measure_n obstruct_v the_o rise_n of_o fresh_a water_n yet_o this_o objection_n will_v easy_o be_v answer_v if_o we_o consider_v that_o according_a to_o what_o we_o have_v deliver_v in_o our_o hydrostatical_a paradox_n and_o also_o what_o stevinus_n have_v observe_v let_v the_o quantity_n of_o water_n be_v never_o so_o great_a no_o more_o can_v resist_v the_o rise_n of_o such_o spring_n but_o that_o pillar_n of_o water_n which_o lie_v over_o they_o in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n and_o if_o the_o spring_n take_v its_o rise_n from_o some_o high_a place_n so_o that_o the_o weight_n of_o that_o water_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o vein_n be_v heavy_a than_o the_o perpendicular_a pillar_n of_o sea_n water_n the_o rise_n of_o it_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v hinder_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o that_o incumbent_a water_n but_o to_o explain_v and_o confirm_v this_o paradox_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v procure_v a_o long_a glass_n syphon_n part_n of_o it_o be_v invert_v so_o as_o to_o form_v a_o short_a leg_n i_o fill_v it_o with_o claret_n stop_v the_o orifice_n of_o the_o long_a leg_n with_o my_o thumb_n which_o syphon_n be_v immerse_v in_o salt_n water_n contain_v in_o a_o glass_n vessel_n and_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o long_a leg_n be_v open_v the_o claret_n notwithstanding_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o salt_n water_n present_o rise_v up_o in_o it_o in_o the_o form_n of_o cloud_n which_o last_v till_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o pipe_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o just_a aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o incumbent_a pillar_n of_o salt_n water_n sea_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o to_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o sea_n water_n i_o deny_v not_o what_o gassendus_fw-la and_o other_o modern_n teach_v but_o grant_v that_o the_o saltness_n proceed_v from_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n in_o the_o water_n yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o suspect_v that_o that_o saltness_n be_v not_o only_o supply_v by_o those_o salt_n rock_n which_o may_v be_v contiguous_a to_o or_o near_o the_o water_n but_o that_o the_o sea_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n supply_v by_o salt_n wash_v away_o and_o carry_v into_o it_o by_o spring_n and_o rain-water_n which_o float_v into_o the_o ocean_n and_o i_o be_o the_o more_o confirm_v in_o this_o suspicion_n because_o several_a chemist_n have_v not_o only_o find_v salt_n in_o some_o water_n but_o have_v obtain_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o common_a salt_n upon_o refine_n of_o salt-petre_n which_o according_a to_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n be_v in_o most_o soil_n which_o be_v not_o spend_v in_o vegetation_n or_o wash_v and_o consume_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o rain_n but_o not_o to_o insist_v too_o long_o on_o these_o thing_n it_o be_v not_o only_o probable_a that_o the_o salt_n in_o the_o earth_n may_v by_o this_o mean_n contribute_v to_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o that_o from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o deliver_v such_o salt_n may_v be_v communicate_v to_o it_o by_o latent_fw-la spring_n not_o to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o or_o discern_v by_o we_o and_o further_o that_o such_o salt_n as_o abound_v in_o the_o earth_n may_v supply_v the_o sea_n with_o most_o of_o the_o salt_n which_o be_v perceive_v to_o be_v in_o it_o we_o be_v to_o render_v it_o further_o probable_a to_o consider_v that_o the_o sea-salt_n and_o that_o be_v agreeable_a in_o the_o main_a with_o each_o other_o since_o they_o have_v almost_o the_o same_o shape_n and_o taste_n etc._n etc._n the_o former_a of_o which_o will_v appear_v by_o evaporation_n and_o crystalize_a they_o and_o as_o for_o some_o small_a difference_n to_o be_v perceive_v betwixt_o they_o that_o may_v easy_o arise_v from_o those_o bituminous_a and_o other_o as_o well_o as_o nitrous_a body_n which_o flow_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o which_o may_v be_v mix_v with_o they_o both_o by_o the_o internal_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n as_o well_o as_o the_o outward_a action_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o air._n and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o salt_n dissolve_v in_o sea-water_n may_v be_v probable_a if_o it_o be_v possible_a so_o to_o raise_v the_o fresh_a water_n it_o be_v dissolve_v in_o by_o distillation_n as_o to_o leave_v the_o saline_n part_v behind_o but_o not_o now_o to_o mention_v that_o not_o only_o i_o but_o the_o judicious_a sir_n john_n haukin_n in_o his_o voyage_n to_o the_o east-indies_n have_v by_o distil_v of_o salt-water_n obtain_v from_o it_o a_o wholesome_a fresh_a water_n i_o shall_v without_o make_v a_o long_a digression_n proceed_v to_o answer_v a_o objection_n which_o be_v urge_v against_o what_o i_o have_v deliver_v viz._n that_o if_o the_o spring_v acquire_v such_o a_o saltness_n by_o run_v through_o the_o earth_n it_o will_v be_v discernible_a before_o they_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o ocean_n to_o this_o i_o shall_v answer_v that_o beside_o those_o fresh_a spring_n which_o be_v visible_a to_o we_o there_o may_v be_v several_a other_o which_o lie_v too_o deep_a for_o we_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o take_v notice_n that_o i_o do_v not_o say_v that_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n whole_o depend_v on_o such_o supply_n but_o that_o they_o contribute_v to_o the_o saltness_n of_o it_o whence_o the_o bitterness_n of_o sea_n water_n whence_o have_v say_v so_o much_o of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o its_o cause_n it_o may_v be_v now_o seasonable_a to_o observe_v from_o whence_o proceed_v that_o bitterness_n remarkable_a in_o some_o if_o not_o most_o sea-water_n which_o we_o conceive_v may_v proceed_v partly_o from_o the_o external_a power_n of_o some_o catholic_n agent_n and_o partly_o from_o those_o bituminous_a body_n which_o be_v carry_v along_o with_o spring-water_n into_o the_o sea_n which_o have_v be_v visible_o apparent_a in_o the_o island_n barbadoes_n where_o that_o which_o they_o call_v barbadoes_n tarr_n have_v be_v see_v to_o flow_v from_o the_o rock_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o these_o cause_n may_v concur_v some_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n and_o effluvia_fw-la which_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o take_v notice_n of_o to_o flow_v from_o and_o pervade_v the_o earth_n and_o as_o for_o those_o different_a taste_n which_o be_v perceive_v in_o the_o sea_n at_o several_a place_n it_o be_v no_o less_o probable_a that_o they_o proceed_v from_o other_o adventitious_a body_n mix_v and_o incorporate_v with_o the_o sea-water_n for_o that_o the_o sea-salt_n which_o be_v dissolve_v in_o it_o be_v not_o a_o simple_a salt_n but_o a_o compound_n i_o have_v be_v induce_v to_o believe_v by_o a_o salt_n which_o i_o obtain_v from_o it_o and_o that_o some_o catholic_n agent_n may_v work_v change_n in_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o it_o will_v not_o otherwise_o have_v by_o a_o bare_a solution_n of_o those_o adventitious_a body_n that_o be_v mix_v in_o it_o i_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v since_o i_o have_v find_v that_o by_o keep_v the_o part_n of_o sea-water_n in_o agitation_n by_o a_o continue_a digestive_a heat_n it_o have_v considerable_o differ_v in_o taste_n from_o a_o bare_a solution_n of_o sea-salt_n in_o water_n and_o for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n that_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v vary_v in_o several_a place_n i_o shall_v bare_o intimate_v those_o several_a colour_n different_a
thing_n which_o have_v not_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o hydrostatician_n which_o be_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o sea-salt_n to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n which_o i_o have_v find_v to_o be_v almost_o as_o two_o to_o one_o and_o i_o likewise_o find_v that_o a_o piece_n of_o sal_fw-la gemm_n which_o be_v more_o pure_a and_o weighty_a than_o sea-salt_n be_v to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n about_o as_o 2_o 2_o 8_o to_o 1._o chap._n viii_o memoirs_fw-fr for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n the_o use_n of_o mineral_n water_n be_v so_o universal_a and_o the_o method_n which_o some_o physician_n take_v to_o try_v they_o so_o slight_a that_o though_o i_o be_o satisfy_v it_o be_v difficult_a without_o experience_n to_o ascribe_v virtue_n to_o they_o à _fw-la priori_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a variety_n of_o mineral_n which_o may_v impregnate_n they_o with_o particle_n of_o various_a and_o very_a different_a nature_n i_o can_v but_o think_v but_o that_o if_o we_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o quaeres_fw-la and_o several_a method_n in_o order_n to_o a_o discovery_n of_o they_o more_o nice_a trial_n may_v much_o contribute_v to_o the_o clear_n up_o of_o a_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n since_o by_o a_o competent_a number_n of_o experiment_n it_o may_v be_v hope_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o metalline_a salt_n with_o which_o mineral_n water_n be_v impregnate_v may_v be_v discover_v wherefore_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o such_o sort_n of_o experiment_n that_o may_v be_v most_o easy_o try_v viz._n chief_o chemical_a one_o which_o may_v be_v make_v at_o home_n without_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o attend_v those_o mineral_n fountain_n from_o whence_o they_o spring_v and_o because_o my_o design_n be_v rather_o to_o improve_v physic_n by_o the_o follow_a observation_n than_o to_o entertain_v speculative_a naturalist_n i_o have_v chief_o make_v it_o my_o business_n in_o the_o follow_a paper_n to_o consider_v those_o water_n call_v acidulae_n rather_o than_o the_o other_o term_v thermae_n because_o the_o former_a be_v of_o more_o general_a use_n water_n the_o danger_n of_o a_o ill_a use_n of_o mineral_n water_n but_o perhaps_o some_o may_v think_v that_o the_o quares_n hereafter_o propound_v may_v be_v too_o troublesome_a and_o more_o than_o requisite_a since_o the_o use_v of_o mineneral_a water_n be_v think_v so_o innocent_a as_o to_o be_v of_o no_o ill_a consequence_n if_o unsuccesful_a to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o though_o when_o skilful_o give_v they_o do_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o good_a yet_o they_o be_v as_o prejudicial_a if_o unskilful_o prescribe_v and_o therefore_o since_o there_o can_v be_v too_o much_o caution_n we_o can_v be_v too_o inquisitive_a to_o inform_v ourselves_o of_o their_o virtue_n for_o there_o may_v be_v a_o great_a many_o hide_a quality_n in_o they_o and_o they_o may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o several_a metalline_a property_n which_o may_v not_o be_v discover_v to_o the_o eye_n or_o by_o common_a trial_n beside_o be_v such_o experiment_n industrious_o prosecute_v they_o may_v help_v to_o discover_v several_a other_o quality_n in_o mineral_n water_n which_o be_v as_o yet_o unknown_a for_o from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o earth_n which_o abound_v with_o mineral_n of_o a_o martial_a nature_n may_v be_v more_o apt_a to_o impregnate_n subterraneal_a water_n than_o we_o can_v otherwise_o imagine_v for_o upon_o pour_v of_o a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n filtrate_v through_o cap-paper_n upon_o file_n of_o steel_n gall_n the_o effect_n of_o file_n of_o steel_n in_o a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n the_o liquor_n in_o half_a a_o hour_n become_v opacous_a and_o almost_o as_o black_a as_o ink_n the_o like_a phaenomena_n to_o which_o be_v exhibit_v by_o steel_n in_o a_o infusion_n of_o brasil_n or_o log-wood_n make_v in_o common_a water_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o several_a water_n have_v be_v discover_v under_o ground_n of_o very_o different_a taste_n some_o of_o which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v corrosive_a and_o other_o as_o harmless_a be_v endow_v with_o several_a medicinal_a and_o useful_a quality_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v more_o particular_o of_o one_o which_o be_v a_o mine_n of_o coral_n in_o devonshire_n about_o 360_o foot_n deep_a in_o which_o be_v find_v a_o water_n very_o thick_a and_o red_a yet_o cool_a and_o diuretic_n and_o not_o in_o the_o least_o nauseous_a to_o the_o taste_n chap._n ix_o title_n propose_v for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n consider_v whilst_o in_o their_o proper_a channel_n water_n query_n in_o order_n to_o a_o discovery_n of_o the_o virtue_n of_o mineral_n water_n in_o order_n to_o a_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_n in_o three_o different_a capacity_n first_o as_o they_o be_v find_v in_o their_o natural_a receptacle_n second_o when_o draw_v up_o for_o use_n and_o three_o with_o respect_n to_o their_o effect_n on_o human_a body_n to_o the_o first_o of_o which_o head_n the_o follow_a quaeres_fw-la may_v be_v refer_v 1._o within_o the_o precinct_n of_o what_o climate_n or_o parallel_n and_o in_o what_o degree_n of_o latitude_n the_o mineral_n water_n be_v to_o be_v find_v 2._o to_o what_o point_n these_o water_n lie_v open_v most_o in_o their_o receptacle_n 3._o whether_o the_o ground_n in_o which_o they_o be_v find_v be_v a_o plain_a or_o how_o much_o it_o differ_v from_o a_o plain_a 4._o if_o the_o ground_n be_v upon_o a_o ascent_n how_o far_o they_o be_v from_o the_o botttom_n of_o that_o ascent_n 5._o whether_o a_o recrementitious_a substance_n adhere_v to_o stone_n long_o contiguous_a to_o these_o water_n 6._o whether_o subterraneal_a fire_n be_v near_o such_o water_n and_o what_o phaenomena_n such_o exhibit_v 7._o whether_o brimstone_n or_o salarmoniack_a etc._n etc._n be_v find_v about_o the_o vent_v of_o such_o subterraneal_a fire_n 8._o whether_o instead_o of_o subterraneal_a fire_n there_o be_v other_o adjacent_a aestuary_n and_o whether_o such_o be_v constant_a or_o intermit_a and_o if_o so_o whether_o periodical_a or_o irregular_a 9_o whether_o mineral_n fume_n of_o particular_a colour_n or_o smell_v arise_v from_o such_o aestuary_n 10._o of_o what_o temper_n the_o neighbour_a as_o well_o as_o the_o soil_n they_o pass_v through_o be_v of_o 11._o whether_o and_o of_o what_o nature_n those_o mineral_n be_v of_o which_o they_o pass_v through_o 12._o whether_o the_o mineral_n water_n be_v original_o fresh_a and_o derive_v their_o virtue_n from_o the_o soil_n they_o afterward_o pass_v through_o 13._o whether_o if_o it_o acquire_v its_o virtue_n so_o there_o be_v upon_o the_o impregnation_n any_o effervescence_n or_o whether_o any_o such_o effect_v succeed_v its_o mixture_n with_o another_o liquor_n 14._o whether_o there_o be_v a_o spring_n of_o a_o contrary_a nature_n near_o it_o viz._n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a as_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o france_n 15._o whether_o a_o oily_a or_o bituminous_a inflammable_a substance_n float_v in_o it_o 16._o whether_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n or_o temperature_n of_o the_o wether_n alter_v they_o and_o what_o quality_n they_o lose_v or_o acquire_v by_o such_o for_o after_o rain_n i_o have_v observe_v such_o water_n incapable_a of_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n black_a but_o as_o to_o its_o medicinal_a virtue_n i_o have_v find_v that_o rain_n after_o long_a drought_n have_v rather_o increase_v than_o diminish_v their_o strength_n by_o dissolve_v and_o dilute_v those_o salt_n which_o be_v fix_v in_o the_o earth_n for_o want_v of_o a_o vehicle_n but_o if_o the_o water_n be_v weak_a and_o the_o rain_n much_o those_o salt_n be_v the_o more_o dilute_v render_v the_o water_n less_o effectual_a 17._o whether_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o water_n may_v be_v chemical_o and_o mechanical_o discover_v as_o also_o of_o what_o colour_n and_o weight_n and_o with_o what_o menstruum_v their_o salt_n may_v be_v mix_v and_o likewise_o what_o substance_n they_o will_v yield_v when_o expose_v to_o different_a degree_n of_o fire_n and_o what_o other_o chemical_a trial_n those_o as_o well_o as_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n may_v undergo_v chap._n x._o contain_v title_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n when_o draw_v out_o of_o their_o receptacle_n qeaery_n a_o continuation_n of_o qeaery_n 1._o whether_o the_o mineral_n water_n propose_v be_v actual_o hot_a or_o cold_a from_o whence_o we_o may_v judge_v from_o what_o depth_n those_o water_n rose_n and_o whether_o they_o be_v impregnate_v with_o a_o salt-peter_n or_o salarmoniack_a in_o their_o ascent_n and_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o heat_n or_o cold_a may_v be_v either_o try_v by_o immerge_v a_o thermoscope_n or_o by_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v coagulate_v oil_n of_o aniseed_n or_o melt_v butter_n 2._o of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n which_o be_v
compare_v with_o that_o of_o common_a water_n will_v show_v what_o quantity_n of_o mineral_n substance_n the_o water_n have_v dissolve_v in_o it_o and_o whether_o metalline_a or_o more_o volatile_a as_o it_o be_v heavy_a or_o light_a where_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o mineral_n water_n be_v sometime_o light_a than_o common_a water_n partly_o because_o they_o be_v impregnate_v with_o volatile_a part_n and_o partly_o because_o they_o be_v void_a of_o saline_n part_n which_o make_v common_a water_n something_o heavy_a but_o to_o discover_v the_o different_a weight_n of_o several_a mineral_n water_n i_o cause_v a_o glass-viol_n with_o a_o flat_a bottom_n and_o a_o long_a neck_n three_o inch_n long_o to_o be_v blow_v which_o be_v so_o light_a as_o to_o weigh_v but_o ʒvi_fw-la +_o 42_o grain_n though_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o contain_v ℥_o iij_o ss_z and_o 43_o grain_n of_o water_n which_o make_v it_o more_o proper_a for_o a_o nice_a balance_n by_o which_o i_o find_v the_o follow_a mineral_n water_n to_o differ_v thus_o in_o weight_n water_n ounce_n drachm_n grain_n common_a 3_o 4_o 43_o common_a distil_v 3_o 4_o 41_o acton_n 3_o 4_o 48_o ½_n epsom_n 3_o 4_o 51_o dulwich_n 3_o 4_o 54_o staton_n 3_o 4_o 55_o barnet_n 3_o 4_o 52_o north-hall_n 3_o 4_o 50_o german-spaw_n 3_o 4_o 40_o tunbridge_n 3_o 4_o 38_o islington_n from_o the_o music-house_n 3_o 4_o 36_o islington_n from_o the_o vault_n with_o step_n 3_o 4_o 39_o islington_n from_o the_o cellar_n 3_o 4_o 39_o 3._o of_o their_o different_a degree_n of_o transparency_n or_o opacity_n 4._o whether_o without_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n it_o will_v afford_v a_o pracipitate_a by_o which_o observation_n the_o different_a soil_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v will_v not_o only_o be_v discover_v but_o hence_o we_o may_v learn_v to_o distinguish_v such_o from_o the_o true_a caput_n mortuum_n of_o the_o water_n german_n spa_n water_n yield_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o yellowish_a ochre_n n._n b._n the_o water_n so_o try_v must_v not_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n for_o if_o it_o be_v the_o air_n will_v precipitate_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o matter_n in_o most_o water_n 5._o what_o microscope_n can_v discover_v in_o mineral_n water_n n._n b._n those_o move_a corpuscle_n discernible_a in_o a_o solution_n of_o pepper_n etc._n etc._n in_o water_n be_v animalcula_fw-la and_o not_o portion_n of_o inanimate_a matter_n which_o swim_v up_o and_o down_o such_o liquor_n which_o be_v apparent_a if_o those_o little_a animal_n be_v touch_v with_o spirit_n of_o salt_n for_o be_v kill_v by_o it_o they_o move_v much_o more_o slow_o 6._o whether_o there_o be_v any_o variety_n of_o colour_n in_o several_a mineral_n water_n 7._o of_o their_o different_a odour_n these_o be_v to_o be_v perceive_v at_o the_o spring-head_n where_o not_o only_o a_o bituminous_a and_o sulphurous_a smell_n may_v easy_o be_v perceive_v but_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o there_o be_v a_o mineral_n spring_n in_o france_n which_o have_v a_o manifest_a vinous_a odour_n 8._o concern_v the_o different_a taste_n of_o mineral_n water_n 9_o whether_o take_v it_o up_o or_o keep_v it_o stop_v or_o unstopped_a or_o whether_o freeze_a or_o thaw_v it_o will_v alter_v the_o colour_n smell_v or_o transparency_n of_o it_o for_o though_o some_o water_n retain_v their_o purgative_n virtue_n a_o good_a while_n yet_o i_o have_v observe_v a_o exhalation_n of_o some_o fugitive_a part_n from_o those_o which_o be_v light_a than_o water_n and_o abound_v with_o spirituous_a part_n so_o that_o though_o they_o be_v carry_v but_o a_o little_a way_n from_o the_o fountain_n they_o present_o lose_v their_o power_n of_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n into_o a_o purple_a and_o instead_o of_o that_o turn_v it_o red_a and_o even_o the_o strong_a water_n if_o keep_v unstop_v or_o not_o keep_v close_o present_o lose_v that_o property_n 10._o concern_v the_o different_a consistency_n of_o such_o water_n 11._o whether_o they_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o expansion_n and_o condensation_n or_o heat_v and_o coldness_n than_o common_a water_n 12._o whether_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o putrify_v and_o how_o soon_o and_o what_o phaenomena_n they_o afford_v 13._o what_o alteration_n in_o colour_n ensue_v the_o mixture_n of_o astringent_a juice_n with_o they_o as_o also_o their_o mixture_n with_o several_a juice_n of_o the_o body_n n._n b._n in_o try_v of_o mineral_n water_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o make_v use_n of_o a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n without_o consider_v the_o alteration_n which_o may_v be_v make_v in_o the_o trial_n by_o a_o uncertain_a proportion_n of_o gall_n wherefore_o i_o usual_o make_v use_v of_o a_o settle_a proportion_n as_o 5_o grain_n to_o a_o ounce_n though_o mineral_n water_n may_v be_v try_v with_o much_o more_o expedition_n and_o certainty_n by_o make_v use_n of_o the_o powder_n itself_o suspend_v about_o three_o grain_n of_o powder_n in_o a_o ounce_n of_o the_o water_n and_o i_o have_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o so_o small_a a_o quantity_n as_o a_o grain_n have_v give_v german_a spaw-water_n a_o deep_a purple_a colour_n but_o it_o be_v not_o always_o necessary_a to_o make_v use_n of_o gall_n in_o such_o trial_n since_o rose_n leave_v or_o the_o flower_n and_o bark_n of_o pomegranate_n will_v have_v much_o the_o same_o effect_n afford_v a_o cloudy_a and_o blackish_a tincture_n and_o it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v note_v that_o i_o make_v it_o one_o part_n of_o this_o quaere_fw-la what_o colour_n will_v be_v produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o mineral_n water_n with_o animal_n juice_n because_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n sometime_o blackish_a upon_o the_o take_n of_o large_a dose_n but_o to_o return_v to_o what_o i_o have_v observe_v concern_v the_o try_v of_o mineral_n water_n by_o a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n i_o not_o only_o doubt_v whether_o all_o martial_a water_n will_v turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n black_a but_o whether_o all_o liquor_n which_o will_v be_v to_o be_v esteem_v martial_a for_o i_o have_v find_v that_o a_o mineral_n of_o a_o different_a nature_n from_o steel_n will_v give_v it_o a_o black_a colour_n and_o that_o a_o liquor_n which_o be_v a_o preparation_n of_o steel_n will_v not_o which_o induce_v i_o to_o think_v that_o such_o a_o tincture_n be_v rather_o the_o effect_n of_o some_o acid_n fume_n which_o have_v work_v on_o the_o mars_n with_o which_o those_o mineral_n water_n be_v impregnate_v to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v add_v that_o i_o have_v find_v that_o if_o a_o vitriolate_a water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o copper_n instead_o of_o iron_n instead_o of_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n blackish_a it_o only_o will_v render_v it_o muddy_a and_o thick_a and_o i_o have_v a_o sort_n of_o white_a earth_n which_o i_o find_v by_o trial_n to_o be_v lead_n that_o will_v turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n blackish_a though_o it_o be_v altoger_n void_a of_o martial_a part_n and_o probable_o will_v have_v very_o bad_a effect_n if_o take_v inward_o to_o which_o i_o may_v further_o add_v that_o a_o tincture_n of_o gold_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la likewise_o turn_v a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n black_n and_o those_o observation_n i_o have_v be_v the_o willing_a to_o lay_v down_o because_o though_o i_o will_v not_o be_v think_v by_o they_o to_o slight_v the_o use_n of_o gall_n in_o such_o trial_n yet_o i_o will_v thence_o urge_v they_o to_o make_v such_o trial_n to_o be_v more_o wary_o make_v water_n observation_n requisite_a in_o try_v mineral_n water_n and_o because_o it_o may_v be_v of_o some_o use_v to_o observe_v the_o different_a colour_n exhibit_v by_o such_o trial_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a consideration_n as_o requisite_a to_o be_v think_v on_o by_o he_o who_o design_n to_o make_v such_o experiment_n 1._o that_o he_o ought_v to_o observe_v the_o change_n of_o colour_n make_v by_o such_o tincture_n in_o a_o good_a light_n which_o may_v help_v a_o curious_a observer_n to_o distinguish_v what_o mineral_n such_o tincture_n be_v impregnate_v with_o 2._o it_o way_n be_v of_o use_v to_o vary_v the_o shade_n of_o colour_n produce_v by_o mineral_n water_n either_o by_o drop_v such_o water_n upon_o paper_n who_o pore_n be_v saturate_v with_o vitriol_n powder_v or_o tinge_v with_o a_o decoction_n of_o log-wood_n several_a variation_n in_o colour_n may_v be_v also_o make_v by_o drop_v other_o medicinal_a liquor_n either_o into_o the_o mineral_n water_n or_o the_o infusion_n of_o gall_n before_o mixture_n or_o after_o 3._o i_o will_v recommend_v for_o such_o trial_n not_o only_o the_o part_n of_o astringent_a plant_n but_o also_o animal_n and_o especial_o mineral_n substance_n for_o beside_o the_o astringent_n i_o have_v contrive_v a_o certain_a substance_n which_o will_v not_o only_o turn_v a_o vitriol_n water_n impregnate_v with_o iron_n
black_a but_o also_o one_o saturate_v with_o copper_n a_o succedaneum_n to_o which_o may_v be_v make_v by_o add_v to_o sulphur_n as_o it_o melt_v over_o the_o fire_n and_o equal_a proportion_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n fine_o powder_v stir_v they_o till_o they_o incorporate_v and_o become_v red_a which_o mixture_n be_v put_v into_o a_o glass_n retort_n with_o half_a its_o weight_n of_o salarmoniack_a dissolve_v in_o water_n let_v it_o be_v distil_v in_o sand_n shift_v the_o receiver_n as_o the_o liquor_n draw_v off_o be_v tinge_v more_o or_o less_o so_o that_o the_o strong_a may_v be_v preserve_v by_o itself_o and_o such_o trial_n as_o these_o will_v be_v of_o more_o use_n than_o those_o usual_o make_v with_o a_o bare_a tincture_n of_o gall_n since_o there_o be_v several_a mineral_n substance_n and_o other_o body_n which_o mineral_n water_n may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o which_o discover_v not_o themselves_o in_o a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n as_o sulphur_n or_o copper_n may_v be_v so_o lock_v up_o in_o these_o water_n as_o not_o to_o be_v perceive_v till_o the_o body_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v open_v by_o some_o proper_a additament_n and_o even_o arsenic_n itself_o may_v be_v so_o disguise_v as_o not_o to_o be_v perceive_v when_o mix_v with_o the_o water_n yet_o if_o spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la be_v drop_v into_o a_o solution_n of_o it_o it_o present_o precipitate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a powder_n and_o so_o likewise_o if_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n be_v add_v to_o it_o they_o whether_o mineral_n water_n have_v arsenic_n dissolve_v in_o they_o but_o to_o discover_v whether_o mineral_n water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o arsenic_n or_o not_o i_o put_v dantzick_n or_o english_a vitriol_n into_o a_o solution_n of_o it_o either_o of_o which_o cause_v a_o dark_a precipitate_v gradual_o to_o subside_o 14._o whether_o spirituous_a acid_n volatile_a alkalys_n or_o lixivial_a salt_n will_v precipitate_v such_o water_n 15._o the_o manner_n of_o extract_a salt_n from_o such_o water_n and_o what_o quantity_n may_v be_v extract_v guess_n may_v be_v make_v concern_v the_o saltness_n of_o these_o water_n by_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v lather_n with_o soap_n and_o if_o not_o what_o quantity_n of_o curdle_a matter_n they_o will_v yield_v i_o have_v observe_v that_o even_o the_o light_a water_n will_v yield_v a_o small_a quantity_n of_o common_a salt_n 16._o how_o to_o discover_v what_o acidity_n be_v to_o be_v find_v without_o evaporation_n have_v take_v a_o peculiar_a method_n to_o try_v the_o acidity_n of_o mineral_n water_n by_o mix_v they_o with_o a_o infusion_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la in_o simple_a water_n i_o find_v that_o though_o german_a spa_n yield_v a_o small_a quantity_n yet_o in_o that_o of_o action_n there_o be_v none_o discernible_a 17._o what_o may_v be_v observe_v by_o distillation_n in_o balnco_n 18._o what_o and_o whether_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o caput_n mortuum_n be_v afford_v by_o evaporation_n and_o distillation_n 19_o whether_o mineral_n water_n will_v acquire_v the_o same_o quality_n and_o texture_n by_o a_o reunion_n of_o their_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n when_o distil_v to_o such_o a_o consistence_n in_o glass-vessel_n exact_o lute_v which_o they_o have_v before_o 20._o what_o change_n if_o any_o mineral_n water_n undergo_v by_o be_v boil_v in_o water_n in_o a_o glass_n hermetical_o seal_v from_o whence_o may_v be_v learn_v whether_o a_o change_n of_o quality_n will_v succeed_v a_o alteration_n of_o texture_n without_o a_o manifest_a loss_n of_o part_n and_o whether_o a_o agitation_n of_o part_n without_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o air_n will_v precipitate_v any_o thing_n or_o deprive_v it_o of_o its_o power_n to_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n purple_a 21._o how_o much_o the_o mineral_n water_n exceed_v their_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n in_o proportien_n 22._o what_o part_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n and_o whether_o dissoluble_a in_o water_n 23._o how_o much_o the_o saline_n and_o terrestrial_a part_n differ_v in_o proportion_n 24._o whether_o in_o strong_a fire_n the_o salt_n be_v volatile_a or_o fix_a and_o to_o what_o degree_n 25._o whether_o the_o salt_n will_v crystallize_v per_fw-la se_fw-la or_o with_o other_o salt_n and_o what_o be_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o genuine_a or_o compound_v crystal_n 26._o whether_o acid_n or_o alkaline_n quality_n be_v most_o predominant_a the_o acidity_n will_v either_o appear_v to_o the_o taste_n or_o smell_v or_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n red_a as_o also_o by_o make_v use_n of_o a_o infusion_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la which_o upon_o a_o mixture_n of_o acid_n lose_v its_o blue_a colour_n their_o acidity_n may_v likewise_o be_v discover_v by_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v be_v precipitate_v by_o alkalys_n or_o ferment_n with_o they_o and_o if_o alkaly_n be_v predominant_a it_o on_o the_o contrary_n discover_v itself_o by_o a_o lixivial_a taste_n and_o smell_v and_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a or_o precipitate_v a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n or_o ferment_v with_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la or_o last_o by_o increase_v the_o colour_n of_o a_o tincture_n of_o brasil_n or_o log-wood_n in_o common-water_n and_o though_o we_o have_v no_o such_o spring_n here_o in_o england_n as_o afford_v alkaline_a salt_n yet_o without_o question_n in_o egypt_n such_o may_v be_v find_v since_o their_o latron_n or_o the_o egyptian_a nitre_n abound_v with_o a_o salt_n of_o a_o alkaline_a nature_n and_o i_o have_v obtain_v such_o a_o alkaly_n from_o that_o famous_a water_n of_o bourbon_n in_o france_n which_o will_v turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a and_o ferment_n with_o volatile_a acid_n if_o such_o water_n abound_v with_o vitriol_n they_o will_v turn_v a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n black_a and_o vomit_v those_o that_o drink_v they_o and_o if_o a_o alkaly_n be_v add_v will_v yield_v a_o yellow_a precipitate_v upon_o drop_v of_o spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o salt_n of_o tartar_n into_o they_o i_o have_v not_o find_v any_o of_o the_o water_n about_o london_n to_o be_v impregnate_v with_o vitriol_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o france_n the_o mineral_n water_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v impregnate_v with_o vitriol_n that_o there_o be_v a_o vitriolate_a spring_n in_o that_o kingdom_n as_o for_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o salt_n which_o most_o mineral_n water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o i_o think_v that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o any_o glass_n but_o be_v either_o svi_fw-la generis_fw-la and_o a_o peculiar_a one_o or_o a_o compound_v salt_n make_v up_o of_o such_o as_o the_o water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o in_o its_o passage_n through_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o purgative_n salt_n may_v by_o a_o change_n of_o texture_n be_v make_v of_o salt_n not_o at_o all_o purgative_n i_o the_o rather_o believe_v because_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v by_o a_o ingenious_a empiric_n that_o a_o salt_n which_o i_o make_v of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o common_a sulphur_n mix_v together_o have_v a_o gentle_a purge_v virtue_n 27._o in_o what_o menstruum_n the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n may_v be_v dissolve_v and_o in_o what_o it_o may_v not_o whether_o volatile_a or_o fix_v and_o what_o quality_n it_o have_v in_o respect_n of_o colour_n or_o smell_n afford_v what_o proportion_n of_o salt_n mineral_n water_n afford_v it_o be_v to_o be_v admire_v what_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o caput_n mortuum_n some_o mineral_n water_n yield_v in_o comparison_n of_o other_o since_o those_o water_n which_o be_v pure_o diuretic_n have_v very_o little_a if_o compare_v with_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n of_o purge_v water_n for_o though_o a_o pound_n of_o barnet_n water_n yield_v a_o drachm_n yet_o the_o same_o weight_n of_o tunbridge_n afford_v but_o a_o grain_n and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o so_o small_a a_o quantity_n of_o a_o mineral_n shall_v impregnate_n so_o much_o water_n as_o i_o have_v by_o trial_n find_v a_o grain_n of_o iron_n stone_n do_v enable_v it_o to_o tincture_n a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n deep_a than_o tunbridge_n or_o german_a spa_n water_n will_v and_o i_o have_v try_v that_o half_o a_o grain_n of_o marchasite_n dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n communicate_v a_o tincture_n to_o 61440_o part_n of_o water_n though_o part_n of_o that_o marchasite_n be_v sulphur_n and_o part_n of_o it_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n and_o here_o it_o may_v be_v seasonable_a to_o take_v notice_n that_o if_o so_o small_a a_o portion_n of_o a_o metalline_a substance_n will_v when_o gross_o dissolve_v impregnate_n so_o large_a a_o quantity_n of_o water_n how_o much_o more_o may_v it_o when_o raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o subtle_a mineral_n fume_v and_o as_o in_o such_o a_o form_n it_o may_v impregnate_n a_o large_a quantity_n of_o water_n so_o will_v it_o be_v
more_o apt_a to_o fly_v away_o when_o expose_v to_o the_o air._n and_o that_o vitriol_n may_v probable_o rise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o vapour_n without_o lose_v its_o quality_n be_v evident_a in_o sublimate_n which_o consist_v of_o mercury_n change_v by_o a_o addition_n of_o salt_n and_o vitriol_n for_o some_o vitriolic_a part_n be_v carry_v up_o in_o the_o preparation_n turn_v opacous_a upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o sulphur_n but_o further_a to_o make_v it_o evident_a that_o the_o particle_n of_o iron_n may_v be_v considerable_o expanded_a i_o drop_v four_o drop_n of_o a_o vitriolic_a liquor_n make_v use_v of_o in_o copperas-work_n into_o twelve_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a of_o water_n and_o find_v that_o it_o so_o much_o impregnate_v 1500_o time_n its_o proportion_n of_o common_a water_n as_o to_o make_v it_o strong_a enough_o to_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n purple_a though_o by_o evaporation_n we_o find_v that_o 3_o part_n of_o 4_o of_o that_o liquor_n be_v water_n 28._o what_o alteration_n the_o earthy_a part_n of_o mineral_n water_n undergo_v by_o ignition_n and_o whether_o they_o may_v be_v vitrify_v per_fw-la se_fw-la as_o also_o what_o colour_n they_o impart_v to_o venice_n glass_n if_o mix_v with_o the_o powder_n before_o fluxion_n 29._o of_o what_o use_n they_o be_v in_o bake_v brew_v tan_v or_o die_v of_o colour_n etc._n etc._n 30._o how_o many_o way_n they_o may_v be_v make_v artificial_o and_o with_o what_o proportion_n of_o ingredient_n chap._n xi_o title_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral-water_n consider_v as_o a_o medicine_n it_o may_v be_v worth_a observe_v in_o order_n to_o a_o more_o complete_a natural_a history_n of_o mineral-water_n what_o constitution_n they_o agree_v with_o and_o in_o what_o distemper_n they_o be_v proper_a or_o dangerous_a what_o sensible_a operation_n they_o have_v and_o whether_o their_o effect_n be_v alter_v by_o drink_v they_o hot_a or_o cold_a at_o the_o well_o or_o at_o a_o distance_n from_o it_o whether_o exercise_n or_o the_o warmth_n of_o a_o bed_n promote_v their_o operation_n whether_o they_o have_v any_o occult_a quality_n it_o may_v likewise_o be_v requisite_a to_o observe_v what_o good_a effect_n may_v succeed_v a_o due_a preparation_n of_o the_o body_n that_o drink_v they_o and_o what_o advantage_n it_o may_v be_v to_o drop_v some_o strengthen_v stomachick_n into_o the_o first_o do_v what_o quantity_n be_v enough_o for_o the_o first_o do_v and_o how_o it_o must_v be_v vary_v how_o long_o they_o may_v be_v drink_v and_o whether_o constant_o or_o with_o interval_n whether_o purge_v sometime_o may_v contribute_v to_o their_o good_a effect_n what_o regimen_n in_o the_o six_o non-naturals_a be_v to_o be_v observe_v whilst_o they_o be_v ataking_a which_o be_v the_o sign_n that_o denote_v the_o kindly_a operation_n of_o they_o or_o their_o future_a ill_a effect_n what_o ill_a accident_n attend_v the_o take_n of_o they_o and_o how_o they_o may_v be_v remedy_v or_o prevent_v whether_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o purge_v after_o the_o take_v of_o they_o what_o effect_n they_o will_v have_v by_o mix_v other_o liquor_n with_o they_o or_o by_o boil_a meat_n in_o they_o whether_o a_o salt_n extract_v will_v be_v of_o equal_a effect_n when_o dilute_v in_o fresh_a water_n what_o external_n effect_n they_o will_v have_v and_o of_o what_o use_v their_o sediment_n be_v when_o external_o apply_v what_o effect_n they_o will_v have_v on_o dog_n if_o inject_v into_o their_o vein_n or_o if_o they_o be_v keep_v with_o such_o for_o constant_a drink_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n especial_o the_o air._n it_o be_v the_o general_n consent_v of_o most_o man_n that_o the_o determinate_a state_n of_o body_n be_v not_o only_a first_o frame_v by_o what_o they_o call_v nature_n but_o that_o they_o be_v likewise_o preserve_v in_o those_o state_n by_o the_o superintendency_n of_o that_o power_n and_o that_o whenever_o they_o lose_v that_o state_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v put_v into_o a_o preternatural_a one_o but_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o such_o change_n proceed_v from_o natural_a cause_n and_o that_o those_o new_a state_n depend_v on_o the_o like_a catholic_n agent_n ground_v the_o common_a distinction_n betwixt_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n ill_o ground_v and_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o nature_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o distinction_n man_n usual_o make_v betwixt_o the_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n be_v but_o ill-grounded_a and_o that_o preternatural_a be_v only_o a_o relative_n term_n intimate_v that_o that_o body_n have_v undergo_v a_o change_n either_o by_o the_o operation_n of_o some_o unheeded_a or_o more_o note_a agent_n for_o matter_n be_v altogether_o void_a of_o sense_n and_o perception_n and_o not_o affect_v one_o state_n more_o than_o another_o the_o change_v it_o undergo_v depend_v on_o the_o alteration_n of_o its_o texture_n and_o new_a position_n of_o its_o part_n alter_v afresh_o by_o that_o agent_n which_o such_o a_o body_n be_v last_o expose_v to_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o wax_n be_v put_v into_o a_o new_a form_n by_o the_o last_o impression_n make_v by_o another_o body_n upon_o it_o without_o affect_v one_o form_n more_o than_o another_o itself_o place_n ice_n a_o natural_a state_n in_o some_o place_n and_o that_o the_o state_n of_o some_o body_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v preternatural_a as_o true_o depend_v on_o natural_a cause_n and_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o nature_n as_o other_o be_v evident_a in_o ice_n and_o water_n in_o which_o body_n the_o form_n of_o each_o depend_v upon_o the_o effect_n of_o external_n agent_n for_o though_o in_o these_o hot_a climate_n water_n be_v esteem_v a_o natural_a and_o ice_n a_o preternatural_a state_n of_o that_o substance_n yet_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o in_o siberia_n a_o province_n belong_v to_o a_o russian_a emperor_n water_n be_v freeze_v most_o part_n of_o the_o year_n and_o at_o a_o small_a depth_n from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o soil_n be_v freeze_v throughout_o where_o ice_n be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v the_o natural_a and_o the_o alteration_n make_v by_o a_o thaw_v and_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o external_n temperature_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o sun_n beam_n be_v esteem_v preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n and_o further_o though_o butter_n in_o our_o clime_n be_v sell_v in_o a_o consistent_a form_n and_o when_o it_o be_v melt_v be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v in_o a_o preternatural_a state_n yet_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o among_o the_o european_n it_o be_v fluid_a and_o be_v sell_v by_o measure_n and_o not_o by_o weight_n as_o here_o in_o england_n and_o it_o be_v further_o observe_v that_o several_a substance_n as_o rosin_n of_o jalap_n gum_n lacca_n and_o even_a aloe_n itself_o be_v considerable_o soften_v in_o their_o consistence_n by_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o force_n of_o external_n heat_n whilst_o they_o pass_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n so_o that_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o the_o former_a of_o the_o aforementioned_a drug_n be_v melt_v into_o a_o sort_n of_o balsam_n whilst_o it_o continue_v in_o africa_n but_o when_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o spain_n it_o put_v on_o a_o consistent_a form_n again_o and_o though_o aloe_n be_v soft_a whilst_o carry_v through_o america_n and_o those_o hot_a climate_n yet_o when_o it_o approach_v our_o climate_n it_o present_o become_v hard_a but_o to_o bring_v further_a instance_n concern_v the_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n i_o shall_v observe_v that_o according_a the_o receive_v notion_n of_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o determine_v the_o natural_a state_n of_o the_o air_n for_o not_o to_o insist_v on_o the_o different_a temperature_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a in_o different_a clime_n it_o may_v be_v demand_v since_o heat_n and_o cold_a rarify_v and_o expand_v the_o air_n what_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v the_o natural_a state_n of_o it_o in_o reference_n to_o rarity_n and_o density_n and_o it_o be_v no_o less_o questionable_a what_o place_n be_v most_o fit_a to_o determine_v its_o natural_a state_n since_o the_o state_n of_o it_o be_v not_o only_o different_a in_o several_a country_n but_o in_o those_o place_n at_o different_a time_n and_o that_o the_o change_n as_o to_o the_o density_n or_o rarity_n of_o the_o air_n be_v very_o frequent_a appear_v by_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n gravity_n evident_a in_o the_o torrecellian_a experiment_n hereafter_o to_o be_v deliver_v air._n a_o force_a state_n the_o natural_a state_n of_o the_o air._n but_o further_o except_o the_o state_n of_o the_o air_n be_v say_v to_o be_v preternatural_a only_o in_o a_o relative_n sense_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o state_n it_o be_v in_o
into_o the_o air._n experiment_n xxi_o same_o concern_v the_o same_o have_v fill_v a_o glass_n viol_n with_o water_n which_o contain_v something_o above_o a_o pound_n i_o take_v a_o glass_n pipe_n about_o as_o thick_a as_o a_o goose_n quill_n and_o have_v put_v one_o end_n of_o it_o into_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bottle_n and_o close_v it_o with_o cement_n i_o fill_v the_o pipe_n half_o full_a with_o water_n stick_v a_o piece_n of_o paper_n at_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o pipe_n which_o be_v place_v in_o the_o pump_n after_o the_o air_n have_v be_v pump_v a_o while_n above_o sixty_o bubble_n of_o water_n as_o big_a as_o pease_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o water_n one_o after_o another_o and_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bottle_n so_o far_o expanded_a as_o to_o rise_v quite_o up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o pipe_n and_o be_v permit_v to_o subside_n several_a bubble_n of_o air_n rise_v out_o of_o it_o afresh_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o renew_v its_o expansion_n as_o before_o but_o upon_o a_o reingress_n of_o the_o air_n it_o present_o subside_v almost_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pipe_n beside_o which_o the_o follow_a phaenomena_n be_v observable_a first_o that_o those_o bubble_n which_o ascend_v last_o be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o former_a either_o because_o their_o part_n be_v more_o expanded_a than_o before_o or_o because_o more_o bubble_n of_o air_n be_v unite_v together_o but_o whatever_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o we_o observe_v that_o they_o ascend_v much_o slow_a than_o before_o another_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v be_v that_o though_o bubble_n be_v usual_o wont_a to_o rise_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n encompass_v with_o a_o thin_a film_n yet_o in_o this_o tube_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n be_v convex_a the_o less_o protuberant_a part_n of_o the_o bubble_n be_v cover_v with_o water_n another_o observation_n which_o occur_v be_v that_o whereas_o those_o bubble_n which_o rise_v at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o operation_n divide_v the_o water_n which_o they_o pass_v through_o in_o their_o ascent_n these_o latter_a expanded_a bubble_n fill_v up_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o cylinder_n in_o their_o passage_n raise_v the_o water_n before_o they_o till_o the_o air_n be_v again_o permit_v to_o re-enter_v the_o receiver_n and_o then_o they_o whole_o disappear_v from_o which_o observation_n it_o may_v natural_o be_v infer_v first_o body_n under_o water_n may_v be_v press_v upon_o by_o the_o atmosphere_n as_o well_o as_o incumbent_a water_n second_o it_o can_v be_v hence_o infer_v that_o the_o intumescence_n of_o the_o water_n proceed_v from_o any_o elasticity_n in_o it_o since_o it_o may_v more_o probable_o proceed_v from_o the_o elasticity_n of_o the_o air_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n and_o to_o make_v it_o probable_a that_o those_o bubble_n proceed_v from_o small_a particle_n of_o air_n disperse_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n and_o not_o from_o any_o spirituous_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n expanded_a i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a experiment_n experiment_n xxii_o the_o bubble_n prove_v to_o be_v aerious_a and_o not_o watery_a by_o observe_v the_o like_a bubble_n in_o î_fw-la mercury_n to_o which_o be_v subjoin_v a_o digression_n whether_o the_o air_n be_v generate_v de_fw-la novo_fw-la etc._n etc._n though_o it_o be_v general_o allege_v that_o the_o bubble_n which_o rise_v in_o the_o cylindrical_a tube_n in_o the_o forego_n nineteenth_o experiment_n be_v particle_n of_o water_n expanded_a upon_o a_o diminution_n of_o the_o incumbent_a weight_n of_o the_o air_n yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v they_o real_o part_v of_o air_n disperse_v through_o the_o water_n because_o upon_o the_o re-enter_v of_o the_o air_n the_o water_n be_v not_o impel_v quite_o to_o the_o top_n but_o be_v depress_v by_o the_o air_n lodge_v above_o it_o almost_o a_o inch_n which_o be_v collect_v together_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v the_o 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part_n be_v check_v by_o cold._n but_o leave_v this_o plausible_a though_o not_o satisfactory_a experiment_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o another_o which_o be_v this_o have_v fill_v a_o glass_n bubble_n capable_a of_o contain_v about_o three_o ounce_n with_o near_a equal_a part_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o water_n half_o a_o dozen_o iron_n nail_n be_v cast_v into_o it_o we_o stop_v the_o cylindrical_a neck_n of_o the_o tube_n with_o diapalma_n so_o close_o as_o to_o exclude_v the_o air_n altogether_o which_o be_v do_v we_o immerse_v the_o neck_n of_o this_o bubble_n into_o a_o glass_n vessel_n full_a of_o the_o same_o liquor_n and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n perceive_v bubble_n to_o rise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o heat_n produce_v by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o oil_n upon_o the_o nail_n and_o this_o air_n be_v so_o much_o increase_v in_o a_o little_a time_n as_o to_o depress_v the_o water_n quite_o out_o of_o the_o bubble_n into_o the_o cylindrical_a neck_n 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of_o wine_n as_o raise_v it_o half_o a_o inch_n high_o and_o into_o a_o glass_n which_o differ_v from_o the_o former_a only_o in_o have_v a_o flat_a bottom_n we_o pour_v rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n till_o it_o rise_v to_o â…”_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o the_o edge_n of_o these_o three_o be_v mark_v we_o put_v they_o into_o a_o receiver_n upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n the_o mixture_n of_o water_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n afford_v very_o few_o bubble_n the_o spirit_n of_o urinal_n swell_v near_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a above_o the_o mark_n afford_v store_n of_o bubble_n which_o form_v a_o froth_n upon_o which_o several_a large_a bubble_n lay_v which_o be_v place_v one_o above_o another_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n afford_v bubble_n till_o we_o be_v weary_a
of_o pump_v which_o ascend_v very_o swift_o and_o immediate_o disappear_v at_o the_o top_n first_o lift_v up_o the_o surface_n of_o that_o spirituous_a liquor_n so_o as_o to_o form_v a_o thin_a film_n and_o it_o be_v further_o observable_a that_o the_o motion_n of_o these_o bubble_n in_o their_o ascent_n be_v in_o a_o strait_a line_n whereas_o those_o of_o the_o water_n and_o wine_n make_v a_o line_n which_o on_o each_o side_n appear_v like_o the_o tooth_n of_o a_o see_v and_o last_o in_o this_o spirit_n we_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o order_n which_o these_o bubble_n ascend_v in_o be_v in_o line_n parallel_v and_o of_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o each_o other_o the_o bubble_n likewise_o follow_v each_o other_o in_o such_o a_o order_n as_o to_o form_v a_o sort_n of_o bracelet_n one_o end_n of_o which_o seem_v to_o rise_v from_o a_o certain_a point_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n when_o air_n return_v into_o the_o receiver_n the_o bubble_n on_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n gradual_o subside_v yet_o neither_o that_o nor_o the_o mixture_n of_o water_n and_o spirit_n be_v depress_v below_o the_o mark_n but_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n continue_v expanded_a near_o half_a a_o inch_n which_o i_o find_v to_o succeed_v upon_o several_a trial_n experiment_n xxv_o water_n concern_v the_o air_n be_v gravity_n and_o expansion_n under_o water_n have_v fill_v a_o wide-mouthed_a jar_n with_o about_o half_a a_o pint_n of_o common_a water_n we_o sink_v two_o glass-viol_n who_o shape_n and_o size_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o eight_o figure_n one_o of_o which_o contain_v just_a so_o much_o of_o a_o ponderous_n mercurial_a mixture_n as_o be_v requisite_a to_o sink_v it_o when_o cover_v with_o white_a wax_n the_o other_o be_v weigh_v down_o by_o water_n and_o the_o mouth_n be_v downward_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o former_a fill_v three_o part_n of_o four_o of_o the_o glass_n the_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o latter_a be_v equal_a in_o dimension_n to_o a_o pea._n these_o be_v let_v down_o into_o the_o receiver_n upon_o ply_v the_o pump_n at_o the_o last_o so_o many_o bubble_n rise_v up_o to_o that_o which_o swim_v upon_o the_o water_n as_o be_v able_a by_o expand_v themselves_o to_o cause_v some_o of_o the_o water_n to_o fly_v out_o and_o make_v the_o viol_n emerge_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o jar_n where_o at_o every_o exsuction_n it_o continue_v to_o expand_v till_o it_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v up_o the_o side_n of_o the_o viol_n and_o in_o part_n to_o evacuate_v itself_o upon_o which_o it_o present_o swim_v upon_o the_o water_n as_o before_o and_o eight_o time_n after_o discharge_v a_o bubble_n of_o air_n about_o the_o size_n of_o a_o pea_n but_o when_o we_o permit_v the_o air_n to_o enter_v in_o again_o it_o present_o subside_v to_o the_o bottom_n as_o for_o the_o other_o it_o continue_v at_o the_o bottom_n all_o the_o while_n but_o some_o time_n after_o the_o pump_n be_v ply_v it_o raise_v itself_o considerable_o but_o about_o sixty_o parcel_n of_o air_n as_o big_a as_o pea_n find_v vent_n and_o get_v out_o it_o present_o subside_v though_o upon_o a_o further_a expansion_n of_o the_o air_n it_o rise_v again_o and_o subside_v which_o successive_a ascent_n and_o descent_n it_o continue_v nine_o time_n after_o after_o the_o pump_n cease_v work_v but_o when_o the_o air_n be_v again_o let_v in_o it_o be_v present_o fix_v at_o the_o bottom_n from_o which_o experiment_n that_o hydrostatical_a rule_n that_o a_o body_n will_v swim_v in_o the_o water_n if_o it_o be_v light_a than_o its_o equal_a proportion_n in_o bulk_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v likewise_o true_a when_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v take_v off_o experiment_n xxvi_o pendulum_n concern_v the_o vibration_n of_o a_o pendulum_n it_o be_v usual_o teach_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o pendulum_n be_v something_o quick_a according_o as_o the_o medium_fw-la it_o move_v in_o be_v thin_a we_o suspend_v one_o which_o weigh_v about_o twenty_o drachm_n in_o our_o receiver_n fix_v it_o to_o the_o cover_n by_o a_o piece_n of_o silk_n and_o have_v fix_v another_o of_o a_o equal_a weight_n without_o the_o receiver_n we_o give_v they_o both_o a_o equal_a motion_n and_o observe_v that_o whilst_o the_o latter_a make_v twenty_o vibration_n the_o former_a count_v twenty_o but_o the_o pendulum_n be_v afterward_o put_v into_o motion_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n and_o likewise_o in_o the_o same_o receiver_n before_o it_o be_v exhaust_v continue_v its_o vibration_n to_o a_o equal_a space_n of_o time_n in_o both_o so_o that_o from_o what_o we_o can_v observe_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o vibration_n in_o air_n and_o that_o more_o rarify_v medium_fw-la viz._n the_o exhaust_a receiver_n be_v scarce_o sensible_a experiment_n xxvii_o sound_n concern_v the_o propagation_n of_o sound_n it_o have_v be_v the_o receive_a opinion_n of_o the_o school_n that_o the_o air_n be_v the_o medium_fw-la through_o which_o sound_n be_v convey_v but_o the_o industrious_a kircher_n have_v observe_v that_o if_o a_o bell_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o a_o tube_n and_o upon_o make_v the_o experiment_n de_fw-fr vacuo_fw-la be_v leave_v there_o a_o loadstone_n apply_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o tube_n will_v attract_v the_o steel-clapper_n which_o upon_o a_o removal_n of_o that_o loadstone_n will_v fall_v upon_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o bell_n and_o cause_v a_o audible_a sound_n he_o thence_o infer_v that_o the_o medium_fw-la through_o which_o sound_n be_v convey_v must_v be_v much_o more_o subtle_a than_o the_o air._n but_o to_o evince_v the_o contrary_a we_o suspend_v a_o watch_n in_o our_o receiver_n by_o a_o packthread_n and_o observe_v that_o the_o sound_n be_v not_o only_o audible_a at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o receiver_n but_o that_o that_o which_o be_v likewise_o perceive_v by_o the_o ear_n hold_v near_o the_o cover_n be_v different_a from_o that_o which_o we_o hear_v at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o receiver_n but_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o we_o can_v not_o perceive_v the_o least_o sound_n though_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o minute_n assure_v we_o that_o the_o pendulum_n continue_v its_o motion_n yet_o upon_o admit_v of_o air_n again_o into_o the_o receiver_n the_o sound_n be_v again_o renew_v which_o experiment_n seem_v to_o evince_v that_o the_o air_n be_v the_o chief_a medium_fw-la through_o which_o sound_n be_v convey_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o so_o slight_a a_o stroke_n as_o that_o of_o the_o pendulum_n shall_v give_v such_o a_o impulse_n to_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n as_o to_o enable_v it_o to_o communicate_v a_o motion_n to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o receiver_n strong_a enough_o to_o put_v the_o external_n air_n into_o a_o undulate_a motion_n but_o have_v support_v a_o bell_n in_o the_o middle_a of_o our_o receiver_n by_o a_o large_a stick_n which_o reach_v from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o bell_n be_v about_o two_o inch_n we_o observe_v that_o though_o the_o sound_v in_o the_o receiver_n be_v not_o equal_o as_o sharp_a as_o in_o the_o open_a air_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o considerable_a variation_n when_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o which_o evince_n that_o a_o subtle_a medium_fw-la than_o the_o air_n be_v not_o altogether_o incapable_a of_o propagate_a sound_n no_o more_o than_o air_n however_o in_o the_o forego_n experiment_n try_v with_o a_o bell_n suspend_v in_o a_o glass-tube_n it_o may_v not_o without_o reason_n be_v suspect_v that_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v not_o whole_o void_a of_o air_n since_o experience_n inform_v we_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o fill_v the_o glass-cylind_a so_o as_o to_o keep_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o tube_n void_a of_o air_n since_o the_o airy_a part_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o mercury_n fly_v up_o into_o it_o and_o further_o on_o this_o occasion_n to_o show_v how_o far_o the_o air_n be_v the_o principal_a medium_fw-la of_o sound_n we_o may_v allege_v that_o it_o be_v observable_a in_o a_o former_a experiment_n that_o though_o upon_o the_o strike_n of_o fire_n with_o the_o lock_n of_o a_o pistol_n in_o our_o receiver_n the_o sound_n be_v audible_a yet_o it_o be_v much_o more_o dead_a than_o when_o make_v in_o the_o open_a air_n and_o the_o like_a variation_n be_v observable_a in_o all_o other_o sound_v make_v in_o our_o receiver_n experiment_n xxviii_o air._n the_o eruption_n of_o bubble_n from_o water_n upon_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o air._n for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o the_o xxth_z experiment_n viz._n that_o the_o air_n include_v in_o our_o receiver_n make_v as_o strong_a a_o pressure_n upon_o body_n encompass_v by_o it_o as_o if_o they_o be_v
be_v observe_v that_o though_o the_o receiver_n be_v but_o moderate_o exhaust_v and_o though_o it_o leak_v considerable_o yet_o the_o weight_n support_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n amount_v to_o ten_o pound_n nor_o indeed_o be_v it_o strange_a that_o its_o pressure_n shall_v be_v so_o considerable_a if_o we_o do_v but_o think_v how_o large_a the_o cylinder_n of_o air_n that_o recoil_v from_o the_o ground_n press_v against_o it_o be_v be_v extend_v to_o the_o utmost_a superficies_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n experiment_n xxxiii_o concern_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n against_o the_o low_a superficies_n of_o the_o sucker_n what_o weight_n will_v draw_v it_o down_o and_o how_o much_o it_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v a_o discourse_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o suction_n etc._n etc._n consider_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n consider_v to_o compute_v more_o exact_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a atmosphere_n we_o impel_v the_o cylinder_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o pump_n take_v off_o the_o receiver_n and_o fix_v just_o such_o a_o weight_n to_o one_o of_o the_o tooth_n of_o the_o sucker_n as_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v it_o down_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cylinder_n which_o be_v do_v and_o the_o sucker_n impel_v up_o again_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cylinder_n the_o upper_a orifice_n of_o it_o be_v exact_o stop_v and_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n be_v fix_v to_o the_o iron-sucker_n by_o cast_v in_o so_o many_o weight_n as_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v down_o the_o sucker_n we_o be_v true_o inform_v of_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o pillar_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o a_o equal_a diameter_n with_o the_o boar_n of_o the_o cylinder_n by_o which_o method_n we_o find_v that_o the_o sucker_n which_o require_v 28_o pound_n of_o lead_n to_o draw_v it_o down_o be_v not_o draw_v down_o with_o less_o than_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n when_o the_o upper_a orifice_n of_o the_o cylinder_n be_v stop_v though_o upon_o turn_v of_o the_o key_n of_o the_o stop-cock_n and_o let_v in_o air_n it_o will_v ready_o fall_v without_o that_o weight_n which_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o the_o descent_n be_v hinder_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n which_o buoy_v up_o against_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o sucker_n sucker_n what_o weight_n the_o atmosphere_n be_v able_a to_o raise_v suspend_v at_o the_o sucker_n this_o experiment_n be_v try_v and_o the_o sucker_n be_v forcible_o draw_v down_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cylinder_n who_o diameter_n be_v about_o three_o inch_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v so_o considerable_a as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v above_o a_o hundred_o pound_v weight_n beside_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o sucker_n which_o be_v not_o a_o little_a admire_v by_o the_o stander-by_n because_o they_o see_v no_o force_n use_v to_o lift_v it_o up_o and_o though_o by_o such_o trial_n we_o may_v not_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v exact_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n yet_o as_o a_o famous_a poet_n say_v est_fw-fr quoddam_fw-la prodire_fw-la tenus_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la datur_fw-la ultra_fw-la but_o be_v this_o experiment_n try_v at_o several_a season_n in_o the_o year_n and_o in_o several_a clime_n as_o well_o as_o in_o cylinder_n of_o a_o different_a diameter_n it_o may_v render_v our_o guess_n more_o certain_a as_o to_o the_o height_n and_o gravity_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o whether_o it_o vary_v considerable_o at_o such_o distant_a time_n for_o the_o place_n where_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n be_v try_v be_v about_o 51_o degree_n latitude_n be_v try_v in_o the_o winter_n and_o about_o the_o change_n of_o the_o moon_n but_o not_o to_o spend_v so_o much_o time_n as_o will_v be_v take_v up_o with_o all_o the_o reflection_n that_o may_v be_v make_v on_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n i_o shall_v consider_v some_o few_o inference_n which_o may_v be_v draw_v from_o they_o and_o first_o from_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sucker_n and_o the_o weight_n fix_v to_o it_o we_o may_v call_v in_o question_n what_o some_o teach_v concern_v suction_n viz._n that_o there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o endeavour_n to_o draw_v the_o body_n suck_v in_o the_o part_n of_o that_o body_n which_o be_v say_v to_o suck_v for_o though_o when_o we_o suck_v a_o thing_n with_o our_o mouth_n there_o be_v a_o manifest_a endeavour_n of_o our_o mouth_n to_o draw_v the_o body_n suck_v yet_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o cylinder_n be_v not_o so_o dispose_v by_o any_o endeavour_n in_o the_o glass-tube_n nor_o can_v the_o ascent_n of_o the_o sucker_n be_v attribute_v to_o any_o suck_a force_n of_o every_o part_n include_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o cylinder_n since_o it_o appear_v not_o how_o such_o airy_a particle_n shall_v be_v hook_a in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o sucker_n or_o how_o they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o raise_v such_o a_o weight_n nay_o that_o those_o particle_n of_o air_n do_v not_o draw_v it_o up_o be_v further_a evident_a since_o by_o admit_v more_o air_n in_o that_o supposititious_a suck_a quality_n be_v diminish_v and_o not_o increase_v and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o can_v proceed_v from_o a_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la for_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n for_o a_o endeavour_n to_o prevent_v a_o vacuum_n though_o a_o little_a more_o air_n be_v let_v in_o as_o there_o be_v before_o since_o there_o still_o remain_v a_o vacuity_n nor_o can_v the_o weaken_a attraction_n upon_o let_v in_o of_o air_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o vacuity_n but_o rather_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air_n since_o when_o in_o the_o former_a experiment_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sucker_n and_o weight_n be_v not_o obstruct_v by_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o cylinder_n when_o void_a of_o air._n vacuum_n consideration_n concern_v a_o vacuum_n but_o to_o proceed_v from_o hence_o further_o we_o may_v be_v direct_v what_o to_o think_v of_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n which_o have_v be_v so_o long_o hold_v as_o a_o axiom_n in_o the_o school_n for_o beside_o that_o the_o insensible_a part_n of_o matter_n can_v neither_o have_v sense_n to_o perceive_v any_o ill_a consequence_n in_o the_o universe_n which_o will_v ensue_v a_o vacuum_n nor_o be_v able_a to_o know_v how_o as_o intelligent_a part_n of_o matter_n to_o prevent_v it_o for_o if_o they_o do_v nature_n may_v be_v say_v in_o a_o great_a many_o case_n to_o act_v very_o irrational_o to_o effect_v her_o design_n since_o in_o the_o xxxii_o d_o experiment_n instead_o of_o rush_v into_o the_o receiver_n she_o less_o cautious_o raise_v up_o the_o valve_n and_o keep_v herself_o out_o but_o i_o say_v beside_o the_o insensibility_n of_o matter_n it_o may_v far_o be_v urge_v against_o that_o axiom_n that_o the_o endeavour_n which_o those_o body_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v rather_o be_v to_o fill_v than_o to_o prevent_v a_o vacuum_n since_o upon_o the_o draw_v down_o of_o that_o valve_n the_o air_n which_o rush_v in_o can_v not_o prevent_v what_o be_v already_o in_o be_v beside_o in_o our_o xixth_z experiment_n it_o may_v be_v demand_v why_o the_o water_n which_o descend_v into_o the_o tube_n upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n do_v not_o rather_o keep_v its_o place_n to_o prevent_v a_o vacuum_n or_o why_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o do_v not_o ascend_v before_o the_o re-ingress_n of_o the_o air._n moreover_o the_o air_n may_v rather_o be_v say_v to_o rush_v in_o again_o as_o be_v impel_v by_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o neighbour_a air_n than_o a_o design_n to_o fill_v the_o vacuity_n since_o from_o our_o xviith_z experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o when_o the_o receiver_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v full_a we_o can_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o sucker_n find_v the_o spring_n of_o subsequent_a air_n impel_v by_o it_o still_o force_v more_o into_o it_o and_o even_o in_o windgun_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o air_n compress_v as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v in_o our_o receiver_n may_v be_v squeeze_v into_o half_a the_o room_n and_o from_o the_o forementioned_a experiment_n it_o may_v further_o be_v deduce_v that_o the_o reason_n why_o metaphorical_o speak_v body_n may_v seem_v to_o forget_v their_o own_o nature_n to_o shun_v a_o vacuum_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o this_o viz._n that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n or_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o subjacent_a air_n be_v not_o strong_a enough_o to_o press_v down_o or_o buoy_v up_o one_o another_o for_o from_o our_o nineteenth_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v take_v away_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n itself_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v it_o subside_o though_o it_o leave_v no_o air_n behind_o it_o but_o further_a from_o this_o
last_o mention_v experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v possible_a even_o by_o weight_n to_o measure_v how_o far_o nature_n be_v dispose_v to_o prevent_v or_o fill_v vacuity_n since_o a_o small_a difference_n in_o weight_n determine_v by_o depress_v or_o permit_v the_o sucker_n to_o rise_v how_o far_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n depend_v on_o the_o cause_n we_o have_v so_o often_o mention_v but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o advertise_v that_o by_o vacuity_n i_o do_v not_o mean_a space_n altogether_o void_a of_o matter_n but_o void_a of_o such_o as_o may_v be_v perceive_v so_o that_o i_o take_v the_o word_n vacuum_n in_o the_o common_a not_o the_o strict_a and_o philosophical_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n but_o last_o from_o this_o xxxiii_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n we_o live_v in_o be_v strong_a than_o what_o man_n usual_o think_v it_o be_v and_o probable_o near_o the_o northern_a pole_n it_o be_v much_o strong_a since_o if_o what_o varenius_n observe_v the_o air_n be_v so_o condense_v in_o nova_n zembla_n as_o to_o hinder_v the_o motion_n of_o a_o pendulum_n except_o move_v by_o a_o heavy_a weight_n than_o what_o be_v usual_o make_v use_n of_o in_o our_o climate_n experiment_n xxxiv_o receiver_n attempt_v to_o weigh_v light_a body_n in_o our_o receiver_n to_o try_v whether_o the_o aequilibrium_fw-la of_o two_o body_n of_o a_o equal_a weight_n in_o the_o air_n but_o of_o unequal_a dimension_n will_v be_v lose_v in_o our_o receiver_n as_o it_o usual_o be_v in_o water_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n buoy_v up_o against_o that_o who_o dimension_n be_v most_o extensive_a i_o take_v a_o bladder_n half_n full_a of_o air_n and_o tie_v it_o to_o one_o end_n of_o our_o balance_n which_o turn_v with_o the_o 32_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n which_o be_v counterpoise_v with_o a_o weight_n in_o the_o other_o scale_n we_o let_v it_o down_o into_o the_o receiver_n and_o have_v close_v it_o up_o upon_o a_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n we_o find_v the_o bladder_n to_o dilate_v and_o manifest_o to_o preponderate_v but_o upon_o admit_v the_o air_n into_o the_o receiver_n again_o the_o bladder_n be_v over-poised_a by_o the_o weight_n but_o leave_v they_o in_o the_o receiver_n all_o night_n the_o bladder_n imbibe_v so_o much_o of_o the_o external_n moisture_n as_o to_o weigh_v that_o end_n of_o the_o balance_n down_o a_o good_a way_n yet_o the_o bladder_n be_v dry_v a_o little_a they_o be_v both_o bring_v to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la and_o the_o like_a experiment_n we_o try_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o cork_n instead_o of_o the_o bladder_n and_o observe_v that_o the_o receiver_n be_v evacuate_v as_o well_o as_o upon_o a_o reingress_n of_o the_o air_n the_o cork_n manifest_o preponderate_v experiment_n xxxv_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o filtration_n and_o the_o rise_n of_o water_n in_o the_o syphon_n etc._n etc._n filtration_n the_o cause_n of_o filtration_n to_o try_v whether_o in_o filtration_n the_o rise_n of_o the_o water_n may_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o impulse_n of_o the_o air_n we_o make_v use_v of_o a_o syphon_n of_o glass_n represent_v by_o the_o three_o figure_n which_o be_v make_v of_o two_o strait_a piece_n and_o a_o crooked_a one_o which_o join_v the_o other_o two_o together_o the_o juncture_n be_v well_o close_v the_o long_a leg_n of_o the_o syphon_n be_v pervious_a only_o at_o the_o small_a end_n so_o as_o to_o suffer_v the_o water_n to_o pass_v through_o it_o but_o both_o the_o end_n of_o the_o short_a leg_n be_v equal_o pervious_a the_o diameter_n of_o their_o boar_n be_v ¼_n of_o a_o inch._n the_o length_n of_o these_o two_o pipe_n be_v about_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a that_o the_o rarify_v air_n in_o the_o receiver_n when_o it_o be_v pretty_a well_o exhaust_v may_v not_o raise_v the_o water_n include_v in_o the_o pipe_n too_o high_a the_o short_a leg_n of_o the_o syphon_n be_v immerse_v two_o or_o three_o inch_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n the_o other_o end_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o cover_n which_o thing_n be_v do_v and_o the_o receiver_n close_v up_o we_o begin_v to_o pump_v the_o result_n of_o which_o be_v that_o the_o water_n drop_v out_o of_o the_o low_a leg_n of_o the_o syphon_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n till_o the_o receiver_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n exhaust_v and_o then_o several_a bubble_n rise_v in_o the_o water_n gather_v together_o at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o short_a legged_a syphon_n where_o expand_v themselves_o they_o stop_v the_o course_n of_o the_o water_n that_o in_o the_o long_a leg_n be_v suspend_v in_o the_o tube_n and_o cease_v to_o drop_v and_o the_o water_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n be_v so_o far_o depress_v as_o not_o to_o be_v above_o a_o foot_n high_a but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o external_n air_n be_v let_v in_o again_o it_o enter_v in_o at_o the_o small_a orifice_n of_o the_o long_a tube_n and_o ascend_v through_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o pipe_n join_v with_o the_o former_a which_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o short_a legged_a tube_n but_o to_o prevent_v what_o inconvenience_n ensue_v the_o rise_n of_o these_o bubble_n the_o two_o forementioned_a tube_n be_v place_v so_o as_o to_o meet_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o glass_n viol._n the_o neck_n of_o the_o viol_n be_v close_v up_o with_o cement_n and_o the_o tube_n be_v thus_o fix_v and_o they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o viol_n fill_v with_o water_n the_o syphon_n represent_v by_o the_o five_o figure_n be_v place_v in_o the_o receiver_n with_o its_o short_a leg_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n upon_o which_o the_o pump_n be_v ply_v the_o long_a syphon_n continue_v to_o drop_v much_o long_a than_o before_o but_o at_o the_o last_o the_o bubble_n which_o rise_v in_o the_o pipe_n be_v so_o dilate_v in_o the_o viol_n as_o to_o press_v down_o into_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tube_n and_o interrupt_v our_o experiment_n though_o what_o we_o observe_v give_v we_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o air_n contribute_v to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n through_o the_o syphon_n and_o here_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o i_o once_o have_v a_o very_a slender_a pipe_n which_o when_o hold_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n the_o incumbent_a atmosphere_n press_v so_o much_o more_o on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o external_n water_n than_o that_o contain_v in_o the_o tube_n that_o the_o water_n be_v raise_v in_o the_o tube_n and_o this_o pipe_n be_v bend_v into_o a_o syphon_n and_o place_v with_o the_o short_a leg_n in_o water_n as_o syphons_n usual_o be_v the_o water_n of_o its_o own_o accord_n rise_v up_o in_o the_o short_a leg_n and_o run_v down_o the_o other_o and_o this_o syphon_n be_v place_v in_o our_o receiver_n to_o try_v what_o alteration_n of_o the_o phaenomenon_n will_v appear_v there_o we_o can_v not_o discern_v any_o sensible_a one_o but_o though_o in_o this_o tube_n just_a now_o mention_v the_o water_n rise_v of_o its_o own_o accord_n yet_o if_o such_o a_o tube_n be_v thrust_v a_o little_a way_n into_o the_o mercury_n instead_o of_o rise_v the_o mercury_n in_o the_o tube_n will_v be_v below_o that_o which_o be_v without_o it_o experiment_n xxxvi_o the_o weight_n of_o air_n in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n the_o subtle_a penetrate_a power_n of_o some_o spirit_n above_o that_o of_o the_o air._n the_o cause_n why_o air_n will_v not_o enter_v the_o pore_n of_o some_o body_n which_o water_n will_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n examine_v by_o a_o aeolipile_n the_o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o gravity_n of_o air_n and_o water_n betwixt_o water_n and_o quicksilver_n conjecture_n concern_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n air._n the_o weight_n of_o the_o air._n notwithstanding_o the_o several_a method_n propropose_v by_o galileo_n and_o other_o to_o try_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n be_v willing_a to_o be_v further_o satisfy_v we_o cause_v a_o oval_a glass_n with_o a_o small_a tube_n at_o one_o end_v to_o be_v blow_v at_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o lamp_n and_o this_o glass_n bubble_n be_v of_o the_o size_n of_o a_o hen_n egg_n be_v fix_v to_o one_o end_v of_o a_o balance_n be_v counterpoise_v by_o a_o weight_n at_o the_o other_o end_n which_o be_v suspend_v in_o our_o receiver_n and_o the_o pump_n set_v on_o work_n the_o bubble_n after_o three_o exsuction_n continue_v to_o preponderate_v more_o and_o more_o till_o the_o air_n be_v let_v in_o again_o and_o then_o the_o balance_n be_v reduce_v to_o its_o former_a aequilibrium_fw-la but_o have_v repeat_v the_o experiment_n with_o a_o additional_a weight_n of_o three_o quarter_n of_o a_o grain_n in_o the_o scale_n opposite_a to_o the_o
bubble_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o bubble_n bring_v the_o balance_n to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la when_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o which_o aequilibrium_fw-la be_v again_o lose_v upon_o a_o reingress_n of_o it_o so_o that_o have_v the_o air_n be_v whole_o exhaust_v the_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o bubble_n may_v probable_o have_v weigh_v a_o whole_a grain_n and_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n do_v real_o depress_v the_o balance_n to_o which_o the_o bubble_n be_v fix_v we_o exhaust_v the_o receiver_n when_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bubble_n be_v open_a and_o do_v not_o perceive_v that_o end_n of_o the_o balance_n in_o the_o least_o to_o preponderate_v but_o a_o lamb_n bladder_n be_v equal_o poise_v with_o a_o correspondent_a weight_n manifest_o weigh_v down_o the_o balance_n though_o the_o air_n include_v in_o it_o be_v considerable_o expanded_a when_o the_o air_n be_v pump_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n air._n the_o penetrate_a power_n 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into_o their_o pore_n which_o air_n be_v not_o for_o have_v convey_v a_o small_a bubble_n of_o water_n into_o the_o long_a leg_n of_o a_o syphon_n who_o orifice_n be_v as_o small_a as_o a_o pin_n that_o air_n be_v incapable_a of_o pass_v through_o so_o small_a a_o poor_a keep_v the_o water_n above_o it_o suspend_v in_o the_o tube_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o that_o bubble_n by_o blow_v into_o the_o wide_a orifice_n of_o the_o short_a leg_n be_v compress_v and_o squeeze_v out_o water_n pass_v through_o that_o small_a orifice_n without_o any_o other_o force_n than_o the_o weight_n of_o that_o which_o lie_v upon_o it_o and_o the_o inability_n of_o air_n to_o pass_v through_o such_o pore_n which_o water_n will_v ready_o enough_o will_v be_v further_o evince_v by_o hold_v water_n in_o a_o tube_n the_o low_a end_n of_o which_o be_v very_o narrow_a and_o perforate_v with_o a_o poor_a no_o long_o than_o a_o hair_n for_o the_o water_n will_v ready_o pass_v through_o it_o but_o if_o the_o tube_n be_v invert_v the_o water_n in_o the_o narrow_a end_n of_o that_o pipe_n will_v be_v suspend_v as_o if_o the_o end_n be_v whole_o unperforate_v the_o air_n not_o be_v able_a to_o get_v through_o so_o small_a a_o passage_n and_o that_o water_n will_v pass_v through_o pore_n which_o air_n will_v not_o may_v be_v further_o evince_v by_o put_v a_o little_a alkalizate_a salt_n into_o a_o lamb_n bladder_n for_o by_o wet_v the_o end_n of_o the_o bladder_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o water_n pass_v through_o its_o pore_n will_v present_o dissolve_v that_o salt_n expansion_n the_o force_n of_o the_o air_n be_v expansion_n but_o to_o return_v to_o what_o we_o have_v hint_v before_o concern_v the_o expansion_n of_o air_n in_o a_o bubble_n so_o violent_o as_o to_o break_v it_o the_o learned_a jesuit_n cabaeus_n say_v he_o see_v a_o pillar_n so_o thick_a that_o three_o man_n can_v not_o grasp_v it_o and_o that_o 1000_o yoke_n of_o ox_n can_v not_o tear_v it_o in_o piece_n yet_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o cranny_n of_o it_o so_o violent_o expanded_a upon_o the_o burn_a of_o a_o fire_n near_o it_o that_o it_o fly_v in_o piece_n though_o the_o pillar_n be_v make_v of_o so_o solid_a stone_n as_o marble_n and_o as_o for_o the_o reason_n why_o sometime_o the_o bubble_n include_v in_o our_o receiver_n do_v not_o break_v as_o at_o other_o it_o probable_o proceed_v from_o the_o air_n be_v expansion_n by_o heat_n when_o they_o be_v seal_v the_o include_v air_n upon_o a_o removal_n of_o that_o heat_n contract_v itself_o and_o lose_v part_n of_o its_o springiness_n but_o this_o guess_v we_o can_v whole_o rely_v on_o but_o air._n the_o weight_n of_o the_o air._n to_o determine_v more_o exact_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n we_o heat_v a_o aeolipile_n of_o copper_n as_o hot_a as_o we_o can_v convenient_o and_o remove_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n we_o stop_v the_o neck_n with_o hard_a wax_n to_o keep_v out_o the_o air_n which_o be_v weigh_v when_o cold_a counterpoise_v six_o ounce_n six_o drachm_n and_o thirty_o nine_o grain_n but_o the_o air_n be_v permit_v to_o rush_v in_o by_o perforate_n the_o wax_n with_o a_o needle_n the_o aeolipile_n and_o wax_v balance_v a_o additional_a weight_n of_o 11_o grain_n so_o that_o the_o weight_n of_o so_o much_o air_n as_o fill_v the_o cavity_n of_o it_o weigh_v half_o a_o scruple_n and_o a_o grain_n and_o though_o mersennus_n affirm_v that_o he_o have_v rarify_v the_o air_n to_o seventy_o time_n its_o bulk_n in_o a_o aeolipile_n yet_o i_o must_v confess_v it_o seem_v impossible_a to_o i_o except_o the_o metal_n his_o be_v make_v of_o will_v bear_v a_o much_o great_a degree_n of_o heat_n without_o melt_v than_o we_o will_v to_o rarify_v and_o expel_v the_o air_n contain_v in_o they_o beside_o the_o method_n he_o take_v seem_v much_o less_o exact_a than_o we_o since_o he_o weigh_v the_o aeolipile_n whilst_o hot_a which_o may_v throw_v off_o a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o scale_n as_o we_o have_v often_o observe_v the_o weight_n of_o which_o in_o weigh_v so_o light_a a_o body_n as_o air_n may_v be_v considerable_a etc._n proportion_n betwixt_o the_o weight_n of_o air_n and_o water_n etc._n etc._n as_o for_o the_o difference_n in_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o equal_a proportion_n of_o air_n and_o water_n though_o ricciolus_n and_o galileo_n have_v by_o different_a method_n make_v very_o different_a computation_n and_o mersennus_n have_v assert_v it_o to_o be_v as_o 1300_o to_o 1._o yet_o by_o the_o most_o accurate_a computation_n we_o can_v make_v in_o our_o aeolipile_n the_o difference_n appear_v to_o be_v no_o more_o than_o as_o 1_o to_o 938._o i_o shall_v not_o whole_o reject_v what_o mersennus_n relate_v but_o rather_o endeavour_v to_o reconcile_v the_o difference_n by_o represent_v that_o my_o observation_n be_v not_o only_o make_v in_o this_o climate_n in_o london_n where_o it_o be_v much_o cold_a than_o at_o paris_n but_o also_o at_o a_o time_n when_o the_o air_n be_v condense_v by_o the_o winter_n be_v cold_a at_o which_o time_n it_o may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o five_o part_n heavy_a than_o at_o paris_n when_o mersennus_n make_v his_o observation_n wherefore_o it_o will_v be_v of_o no_o small_a use_n to_o make_v such_o observation_n in_o several_a country_n and_o at_o several_a season_n of_o the_o year_n atmosphere_n conjecture_n concern_v the_o height_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n have_v say_v thus_o much_o about_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v expect_v that_o i_o shall_v by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o observation_n already_o deliver_v determine_v the_o height_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n from_o whence_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n proceed_v but_o though_o it_o may_v be_v no_o difficult_a task_n to_o
before_o it_o will_v nevertheless_o rise_v when_o the_o superfluous_a weight_n be_v take_v away_o and_o as_o for_o a_o internal_a conatus_fw-la of_o the_o include_v air_n be_v such_o allow_v as_o mr._n hobbs_n contend_v for_o it_o will_v rather_o hinder_v than_o promote_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o sucker_n for_o be_v that_o include_v air_n force_v out_o so_o violent_o as_o he_o suppose_v and_o be_v it_o strong_a enough_o to_o cause_v a_o violent_a repercussion_n in_o the_o air_n the_o internal_a force_n counterpoize_v the_o external_n the_o rise_n of_o the_o sucker_n will_v not_o thereby_o in_o the_o least_o be_v promote_v but_o since_o from_o our_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o receiver_n be_v for_o the_o great_a part_n void_a of_o air_n and_o that_o such_o a_o impetus_fw-la will_v be_v of_o no_o force_n in_o cause_v the_o phaenomenon_n he_o endeavour_v to_o explain_v by_o it_o it_o be_v more_o natural_a to_o belive_o that_o the_o external_n pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n raise_v it_o chap._n xxvi_o several_a scatter_a explication_n and_o passage_n in_o his_o dialogue_n consider_v whereas_o we_o have_v in_o the_o xxxxvth_z experimenti_fw-la mention_v a_o experiment_n wherein_o the_o water_n rise_v up_o into_o a_o long_a slender_a tube_n which_o be_v place_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n the_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n be_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n without_o the_o tube_n mr._n hobbs_n endeavour_v to_o explain_v this_o by_o the_o impulse_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o matter_n swift_o agitate_a in_o the_o air_n but_o since_o the_o same_o agitation_n of_o part_n within_o the_o tube_n may_v also_o depress_v that_o to_o a_o equal_a surface_n with_o the_o external_n the_o account_n he_o give_v of_o it_o be_v the_o less_o satisfactory_a the_o reason_n which_o he_o assign_v for_o the_o difficulty_n in_o draw_v up_o the_o stopple_n when_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v be_v a_o violent_a conatus_fw-la proceed_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o particle_n within_o but_o be_v the_o impetus_fw-la so_o great_a as_o to_o cause_v so_o great_a a_o repercussion_n as_o mr._n hobbs_n before_o suppose_v able_a to_o repel_v the_o sucker_n it_o shall_v rather_o raise_v the_o stopple_n and_o if_o that_o motion_n contribute_v to_o the_o fasten_n of_o it_o it_o will_v continue_v upon_o a_o readmission_n of_o the_o air_n since_o the_o air_n in_o the_o cavity_n run_v about_o and_o be_v in_o motion_n for_o a_o good_a while_n nor_o can_v the_o plenitude_n he_o suppose_v cause_v the_o phaenomenon_n because_o he_o suppose_v the_o world_n to_o be_v equal_o and_o at_o all_o time_n full_a but_o that_o the_o close_a connexion_n of_o the_o stopple_n to_o the_o socket_n depend_v on_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_n air_n appear_v by_o close_v the_o hole_n in_o the_o cover_n with_o cement_n instead_o of_o that_o stopple_n for_o when_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n the_o external_n air_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n the_o external_n air_n will_v press_v so_o violent_o upon_o it_o as_o to_o make_v the_o upper_a superficies_n concave_a and_o sometime_o to_o force_v it_o down_o into_o the_o receiver_n with_o a_o noise_n and_o great_a violence_n he_o further_o assign_v the_o boil_n of_o water_n in_o our_o receiver_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n include_v but_o since_o i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o motion_n our_o explanation_n be_v the_o more_o probable_a since_o the_o part_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v agitate_a by_o heat_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o to_o expand_v more_o powerful_o upon_o a_o removal_n of_o that_o pressure_n and_o though_o he_o say_v the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n can_v not_o be_v move_v except_o à _fw-la movente_fw-la contiguo_fw-la a_o contiguous_a body_n in_o motion_n yet_o since_o he_o allow_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o his_o earthy_a part_n which_o swim_v in_o the_o air_n be_v innate_a and_o consequent_o depend_v not_o on_o any_o contiguous_a body_n i_o shall_v leave_v that_o to_o answer_v what_o he_o here_o deliver_v and_o shall_v only_o intimate_v that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n be_v agitate_a when_o put_v into_o the_o receiver_n be_v enough_o to_o account_v for_o the_o phaenomenon_n when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v take_v off_o receiver_n why_o animal_n die_v in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n the_o sudden_a death_n of_o animal_n which_o i_o ascribe_v doubt_o though_o not_o without_o probability_n to_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n he_o attribute_n to_o the_o circular_a motion_n of_o the_o include_v air_n and_o its_o tenacity_n but_o since_o i_o have_v already_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o motion_n that_o be_v a_o sufficient_a answer_n and_o as_o for_o the_o air_n be_v thick_a in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n than_o before_o the_o contrary_a appear_v in_o the_o magdeburg_n experiment_n where_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n weigh_v much_o less_o than_o before_o but_o from_o the_o break_v of_o bubble_n outward_o it_o further_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thick_a but_o a_o light_a and_o more_o yield_a body_n and_o though_o mr._n hobbs_n from_o his_o supposition_n of_o the_o air_n be_v thickness_n endeavour_n to_o account_n for_o the_o sudden_a extinction_n of_o flame_n in_o our_o receiver_n yet_o think_v it_o a_o matter_n of_o difficulty_n to_o explain_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o extinction_n of_o flame_n it_o may_v suffice_v that_o i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o air_n be_v not_o thick_a as_o he_o suppose_v chap._n xxvii_o several_n other_o passage_n in_o mr._n hobbs_n dialogue_n examine_v in_o this_o chapter_n mr._n hobbs_n object_n against_o what_o our_o author_n deliver_v concern_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o coliesion_n of_o two_o marble_n but_o all_o that_o be_v contain_v in_o what_o he_o here_o offer_v be_v obviate_v by_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v under_o the_o title_n of_o fluidity_n and_o firmness_n for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o doctrine_n there_o deliver_v i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a experiment_n and_o prove_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n upon_o body_n contain_v in_o it_o prove_v first_o if_o a_o aeolipile_v free_v from_o air_n be_v whilst_o hot_a stop_v with_o wax_n upon_o a_o perforation_n of_o that_o wax_n the_o air_n will_v be_v press_v in_o to_o the_o cool_a aeolipile_n whether_o the_o orifice_n be_v hold_v down_o or_o horizontal_o which_o show_v that_o the_o air_n on_o each_o side_n may_v press_v upon_o the_o low_a superficies_n of_o the_o marble_n as_o well_o as_o the_o subjacent_a pillar_n of_o air_n and_o that_o the_o air_n be_v not_o impel_v against_o it_o only_o in_o a_o pyramidal_a figure_n as_o he_o will_v urge_v viz._n because_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o circumference_n and_o border_n of_o the_o stone_n to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n must_v form_v pyramid_n to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v add_v that_o part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o a_o large_a glass_n and_o a_o book_n clap_v upon_o the_o orifice_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o subjacent_a atmosphere_n keep_v it_o suspend_v there_o and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o magdeburg_n experiment_n say_v that_o two_o plate_n of_o copper_n who_o diameter_n be_v about_o half_a a_o ell_n stick_v so_o close_o to_o each_o other_o that_o six_o man_n can_v not_o pull_v they_o asund_o second_o asund_o see_v fig._n 6._o plate_n second_o and_o it_o appear_v from_o a_o experiment_n make_v in_o a_o glass_n viol._n anon_o to_o be_v describe_v that_o if_o the_o tube_n be_v so_o immerse_v that_o it_o be_v low_a orifice_n just_o touch_v the_o water_n the_o oblique_a pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n will_v raise_v the_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n a_o considerable_a height_n as_o the_o air_n be_v suck_v out_o of_o the_o tube_n mr._n hobbs_n object_n against_o the_o author_n explication_n of_o the_o rise_n of_o water_n in_o glass_n fountain_n and_o say_v that_o it_o can_v be_v account_v for_o by_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n since_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n expanded_a take_v up_o no_o more_o room_n after_o they_o be_v expanded_a than_o before_o but_o since_o he_o mean_v so_o as_o adequate_o to_o fill_v more_o space_n and_o we_o only_o mean_v such_o a_o expansion_n as_o be_v before_o explain_v by_o instance_v compress_v wool_n it_o appear_v that_o in_o our_o sense_n it_o will_v take_v up_o more_o space_n so_o as_o to_o keep_v the_o gross_a part_n of_o water_n from_o get_v betwixt_o they_o there_o be_v other_o objection_n mention_v in_o this_o chapter_n as_o well_o as_o some_o other_o particular_n relate_v to_o the_o royal_a society_n but_o since_o the_o author_n find_v no_o weight_n in_o they_o against_o any_o thing_n he_o have_v teach_v i_o shall_v only_o further_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o mr._n hobbs_n
pillar_n to_o which_o the_o feather_n be_v fasten_v be_v join_v to_o the_o upper_a basis_n of_o the_o bellows_o with_o cement_n we_o fix_v a_o weight_n to_o the_o low_a basis_n and_o convey_v it_o into_o the_o receiver_n eight_o see_v fig._n the_o eight_o where_o we_o observe_v upon_o the_o exhaust_v of_o the_o receiver_n that_o the_o air_n in_o the_o bellows_o raise_v up_o the_o upper_a basis_n together_o with_o its_o weight_n and_o the_o air_n rise_v out_o at_o the_o vent_n manifest_o move_v the_o feather_n but_o when_o the_o receiver_n be_v quite_o exhaust_v and_o the_o weight_n upon_o the_o upper_a basis_n depress_v it_o violent_o we_o can_v not_o perceive_v that_o the_o feather_n be_v in_o the_o least_o move_v and_o the_o like_a be_v observe_v upon_o repeat_v the_o experiment_n experiment_n xxxvi_o the_o great_a and_o seem_a spontaneous_a ascent_n of_o water_n in_o a_o pipe_n fill_v with_o a_o compact_a body_n who_o particle_n be_v think_v incapable_a of_o imbibe_v it_o we_o take_v a_o slender_a pipe_n and_o have_v tie_v a_o linen-cloth_n to_o the_o jow_a orifice_n we_o fill_v it_o with_o minium_n and_o immerge_v it_o in_o water_n in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n about_o a_o inch_n the_o water_n ascend_v about_o 30_o inch_n and_o the_o experiment_n be_v again_o repeat_v in_o another_o it_o rise_v 40_o inch_n in_o which_o kind_n of_o experiment_n the_o follow_a particular_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v first_o that_o other_o powder_n be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o this_o the_o experiment_n do_v not_o succeed_v so_o well_o nor_o be_v the_o success_n much_o better_a when_o we_o make_v use_v of_o ink_n instead_o of_o water_n second_o our_o experiment_n succeed_v the_o better_a the_o fine_a and_o close_a the_o minium_n be_v but_o if_o the_o pipe_n be_v too_o small_a the_o event_n will_v not_o always_o be_v successful_a three_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o water_n ascend_v not_o to_o it_o be_v utmost_a under_o 30_o hour_n and_o sometime_o long_o four_o from_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o water_n in_o our_o tube_n rise_v without_o any_o swell_n of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o tube_n which_o some_o learned_a man_n ascribe_v the_o cause_n of_o water_n rise_v in_o filtre_n to_o five_o from_o hence_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v as_o probable_a that_o the_o sap_n in_o tree_n may_v rise_v after_o the_o like_a manner_n be_v promote_v by_o heat_n and_o a_o due_a texture_n of_o part_n experiment_n xxxvii_o of_o the_o seem_a spontaneous_a ascent_n of_o salt_n along_o the_o side_n of_o glass_n with_o a_o conjecture_n at_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o i_o have_v several_a time_n observe_v that_o the_o watery_a part_n of_o a_o solution_n of_o sea-salt_n or_o vitriol_n be_v evaporate_v the_o coagulate_v salt_n will_v creep_v up_o the_o side_n of_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n in_o which_o the_o solution_n be_v contain_v and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o if_o the_o experiment_n be_v long_o continue_v they_o will_v rise_v over_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o cover_v the_o external_a superficies_n with_o a_o crust_n of_o salt_n as_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o so_o strange_a a_o phaenomenon_n though_o i_o will_v not_o be_v positive_a in_o it_o yet_o it_o may_v not_o improbable_o depend_v on_o the_o like_a cause_n as_o the_o ascent_n of_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n mention_v in_o the_o forego_n experiment_n for_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o edge_n of_o water_n be_v not_o only_o above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o water_n but_o sea-salt_n as_o well_o as_o several_a other_o crystallise_v at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o liquor_n they_o swim_v in_o and_o near_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n their_o coagulation_n be_v promote_v by_o the_o coldness_n of_o it_o which_o salt_n when_o once_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v beset_v with_o they_o the_o water_n may_v rise_v to_o the_o top_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o it_o do_v in_o the_o slender_a pipe_n before_o mention_v and_o salt_n carry_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o those_o and_o coagulate_v there_o still_o lay_v a_o further_a bottom_n for_o their_o ascent_n and_o so_o successive_o till_o they_o rise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o viol_n and_o that_o there_o be_v passage_n betwixt_o these_o saline_a part_n for_o the_o water_n to_o ascend_v through_o appear_v since_o they_o may_v be_v break_v off_o in_o flake_n separate_v from_o each_o other_o and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v that_o the_o water_n in_o such_o a_o ascent_n will_v dissolve_v the_o salt_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o water_n be_v so_o much_o impregnate_v with_o salt_n already_o can_v imbibe_n no_o more_o and_o consequent_o for_o that_o reason_n when_o it_o run_v down_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o vessel_n coagulate_v by_o the_o way_n be_v too_o thick_a and_o full_a of_o salt_n to_o continue_v long_o fluid_a experiment_n xxxviii_o a_o attempt_n to_o measure_v the_o gravity_n of_o cylinder_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v know_v and_o express_v by_o common_a weight_n size_n the_o weight_n of_o a_o pillar_n of_o air_n of_o a_o determinate_a size_n be_v desirous_a to_o know_v what_o be_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o atmospherical_a cylinder_n of_o air_n of_o a_o determinate_a diameter_n i_o cause_v a_o pipe_n to_o be_v make_v of_o brass_n who_o diameter_n be_v a_o inch_n and_o its_o length_n three_o one_o end_n of_o which_o be_v close_v up_o with_o a_o plate_n of_o brass_n i_o counterpoise_v it_o in_o a_o nice_a pair_n of_o scale_n and_o find_v that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o contain_v about_o 137_o drachm_n 45_o grain_n of_o mercury_n which_o be_v multiply_v by_o ten_o a_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n of_o 30_o inch_n and_o consequent_o a_o atmospherical_a cylinder_n able_a to_o counterpoise_v it_o must_v amount_v to_o 12_o ounce_n and_o about_o 6_o drachm_n and_o by_o weigh_v water_n in_o this_o tube_n before_o the_o mercury_n be_v put_v into_o it_o the_o water_n weigh_v 10_o drachm_n 15_o grain_n the_o proportion_n of_o water_n to_o mercury_n seem_v as_o 13_o 18_o 41_o to_o 1._o but_o in_o estimate_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o cylindrical_a pillar_n of_o air_n it_o may_v be_v here_o requisite_a to_o advertise_v that_o i_o make_v use_v of_o a_o brass_n cylinder_n because_o the_o cavity_n of_o a_o glass_n tube_n be_v unfit_a for_o such_o a_o experiment_n since_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a thing_n to_o know_v whether_o the_o boar_n of_o such_o tube_n be_v equal_a throughout_o their_o diameter_n the_o weight_n of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n be_v thus_o find_v it_o will_v not_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o know_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o a_o different_a diameter_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o proportion_n and_o the_o 14_o proposition_n of_o the_o 12_o book_n of_o euclid_n element_n for_o since_o according_a to_o that_o cylinder_v of_o equal_a base_n be_v to_o one_o another_o as_o to_o their_o height_n and_o since_o by_o the_o second_o proposition_n of_o the_o same_o element_n such_o circle_n as_o the_o base_n of_o cylinder_n be_v to_o one_o another_o as_o the_o square_n of_o their_o diameter_n and_o since_o mercurial_a cylinder_n will_v bear_v the_o same_o proportion_n in_o weight_n as_o they_o do_v in_o bulk_n the_o rule_n will_v be_v that_o as_o the_o square_n of_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o standard_n cylinder_n be_v to_o the_o square_n of_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o cylinder_n propose_v so_o will_v the_o bulk_n of_o the_o former_a be_v to_o that_o of_o the_o latter_a and_o the_o weight_n of_o that_o to_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o so_o that_o the_o square_a of_o one_o inch_n be_v 1_o and_o the_o square_a of_o 2_o be_v four_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o latter_a will_v be_v four_o time_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o former_a experiment_n thirty-nine_o the_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o a_o loadstone_n in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n to_o try_v how_o far_o the_o account_n give_v of_o the_o attraction_n of_o a_o loadstone_n depend_v on_o what_o some_o modern_a philosopher_n teach_v viz._n that_o the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o a_o loadstone_n press_v away_o the_o air_n betwixt_o the_o body_n attract_v that_o air_n help_v the_o attraction_n by_o press_v against_o the_o opsite_a side_n of_o the_o stone_n we_o place_v a_o vigorous_a loadstone_n in_o our_o receiver_n have_v adapt_v a_o cap_n of_o steel_n to_o it_o to_o the_o low_a side_n of_o which_o a_o scale_n with_o 6_o ounce_n of_o troy_n weight_n be_v fix_v which_o be_v all_o the_o loadstone_n beside_o the_o steel_n and_o the_o scale_n be_v able_a to_o keep_v up_o all_o which_o be_v suspend_v at_o a_o button_n which_o be_v on_o purpose_n on_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o cover_n of_o the_o receiver_n we_o observe_v that_o though_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v as_o much_o again_o as_o
in_o common_a experiment_n yet_o the_o loadstone_n sustain_v its_o weight_n almost_o as_o firm_o as_o before_o the_o pump_n be_v ply_v and_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o be_v the_o thinness_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la since_o the_o weight_n suspend_v must_v be_v heavy_a when_o the_o air_n which_o be_v near_o proportion_v to_o their_o weight_n be_v exhaust_v finis_fw-la advertisement_n the_o number_n of_o sheet_n contain_v in_o this_o volume_n amount_v to_o what_o the_o bookseller_n think_v fit_a to_o answer_v the_o price_n put_v upon_o it_o and_o also_o to_o make_v the_o succeed_a volume_n proportionable_a the_o next_o volume_n begin_v with_o a_o continuation_n of_o what_o our_o author_n further_o deliver_v concern_v the_o air._n the_o table_n a._n accident_n no_o distinct_a entity_n pag._n 3._o secondary_a affection_n of_o matter_n what_o pag._n 8._o the_o effect_n of_o natural_a agent_n how_o diversify_v pag._n 10,21_o consideration_n in_o order_n to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o alteration_n pag._n 13_o 14._o alteration_n what_o pag._n 15_o 16._o product_n of_o art_n the_o effect_n of_o nature_n pag._n 59_o a_o acid_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o alkaly_n pag._n 90._o the_o air_n be_v spring_n and_o weight_n prove_v pag._n 166_o 167_o 311_o 317._o from_o thence_o to_o the_o end_n of_o this_o volume_n objection_n raise_v by_o franciscus_n linus_n answer_v pag._n 393._o the_o action_n of_o some_o body_n depend_v on_o the_o catholic_n law_n of_o the_o universe_n 241._o and_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o nature_n pag._n 242._o the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n in_o subterraneal_a grove_n pag._n 256._o the_o air_n enclose_v in_o the_o receiver_n act_v by_o virtue_n of_o its_o spring_n pag._n 315._o what_o weight_n be_v requisite_a to_o draw_v the_o sucker_n down_o ibid._n the_o air_n be_v expansion_n in_o a_o lamb_n bladder_n pag._n 317._o the_o force_n of_o it_o pag._n 318_o 371_o 451._o it_o be_v expansion_n measure_v pag._n 319_o 320_o 409._o whether_o air_n be_v a_o primogeneal_a body_n pag._n 341._o the_o air_n be_v gravity_n and_o expansion_n under_o water_n pag._n 351._o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n consider_v pag._n 360._o why_o air_n be_v indispose_v to_o pass_v through_o pore_n which_o water_n will_v pag._n 370._o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n and_o water_n pag._n 372._o beewixt_n it_o and_o mercury_n pag._n 374._o the_o height_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n consider_v pag._n 372._o the_o tunicular_a hypothesis_n examine_v pag._n 398._o a_o table_n of_o the_o air_n be_v condensation_n pag._n 411._o of_o its_o rarefaction_n pag._n 413._o why_o air_n condense_v by_o cold_a do_v not_o raise_v mercury_n equal_o as_o when_o condense_v by_o pressure_n pag._n 415._o why_o animal_n die_v in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n pag._n 430._o the_o air_n be_v pressure_n on_o body_n contain_v in_o it_o pag._n 431._o the_o weight_n of_o a_o pillar_n of_o air_n of_o a_o determinate_a size_n pag._n 480._o the_o air_n be_v pressure_n sensible_a to_o the_o touch_n pag._n 461._o b._n a_o bitter_a substance_n may_v become_v sour_a pag._n 96._o the_o expansive_a force_n of_o steep_v bean_n pag._n 243_o 244._o a_o bubble_n break_v in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n pag._n 450._o a_o bladder_n break_v by_o the_o air_n be_v expansion_n pag._n 449._o a_o portable_a barometer_n pag._n 465_o c._n colour_n no_o inherent_a quality_n pag._n 9_o consideration_n in_o order_n to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o corruption_n pag._n 13_o 14._o corruption_n what_o pag._n 15._o similar_v colour_n not_o argument_n of_o similar_v substance_n adequate_o pag._n 24_o 25._o the_o chemist_n doctrine_n refute_v pag._n 100_o 112._o motion_n in_o the_o part_n of_o consistent_a body_n pag._n 144._o colour_n exhibit_v by_o reflection_n pag._n 151_o 153._o camphire_n dissolve_v in_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n pag._n 188._o a_o concrete_a the_o result_n of_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o a_o solution_n of_o coral_n pag._n 196_o 197._o the_o different_a temper_n of_o climate_n pag._n 252._o observation_n concern_v coral_n pag._n 272._o of_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n pag._n 323._o concern_v live_a coal_n etc._n etc._n ibid._n corrosive_n their_o effect_n pag._n 390._o cup_v glass_n how_o they_o operate_v pag._n 474._o d._n motion_n in_o the_o part_n of_o diamond_n pag._n 205_o 206._o e._n egg_n how_v hatch_v pag._n 73._o a_o strange_a sort_n of_o earth_n pag._n 196._o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n pag._n 256._o of_o the_o first_o pag._n 257._o of_o the_o second_o pag._n 259._o of_o the_o three_o pag._n 261._o why_o the_o middle_a region_n be_v cold_a pag._n 259._o the_o pneumatick_a engine_n describe_v pag._n 307._o the_o method_n of_o manage_v it_o pag._n 310._o elasticity_n explain_v pag._n 418._o the_o pneumatick_a engine_n make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o first_o continuation_n describe_v pag._n 435._o f._n form_n what_o pag._n 11._o their_o effect_n whence_o pag._n 12._o the_o doctrine_n of_o substantial_a form_n consider_v pag._n 29._o form_n not_o reduce_v out_o of_o the_o power_n of_o matter_n pag._n 30._o the_o aristotelian_a doctrine_n of_o form_n contrary_a to_o reason_n pag._n 31._o their_o argument_n consider_v pag._n 32_o 33._o substantial_a form_n no_o cause_n of_o adhesion_n pag._n 34_o 35._o a_o compound_v form_n what_o pag._n 36_o 41._o the_o doctrine_n of_o subordinate_a form_n consider_v pag._n 37._o subordinate_a form_n prove_v pag._n 38._o a_o compound_v form_n what_o pag._n 39_o specific_a form_n consider_v pag._n 40._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hard_o to_o be_v distinguish_v among_o the_o form_n of_o natural_a body_n pag._n 41_o 50._o how_o distinguish_v pag._n 51_o 55._o subordinate_a form_n act_v how_o pag._n 42_o 43._o subordinate_a form_n in_o inanimate_a body_n pag._n 49_o 52._o a_o superadded_a form_n its_o effect_n pag._n 53._o concurrent_a and_o subordinate_a form_n how_o distinguish_v pag._n 56._o subordinate_a form_n not_o necessary_a to_o discriminate_a body_n pag._n 67._o fluidity_n it_o be_v definition_n pag._n 115._o what_o be_v requisite_a to_o render_v body_n fluid_a pag._n 116_o 119_o 120_o 121_o 193_o 434._o all_o body_n not_o equal_o incline_v to_o fluidity_n pag._n 117_o 118._o what_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o fluids_n depend_v on_o pag._n 124._o the_o superficial_a figure_n of_o fluids_n pag._n 142._o of_o a_o nitrous_a liquor_n pag._n 146._o of_o water_n ibid._n of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n pag._n 147_o 151._o of_o a_o solution_n of_o tartar_n ibid._n of_o oil_n of_o clove_n ibid._n of_o quicksilver_n pag._n 148._o of_o a_o nitrous_a liquor_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n pag._n 150._o of_o oil_n of_o aniseed_n pag._n 153._o of_o water_n include_v in_o oil_n pag._n 155._o of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n upon_o clove_n ibid._n of_o oil_n of_o aniseed_n coagulate_v pag._n 155._o of_o several_a other_o mixture_n pag._n 156_o 157._o a_o fluid_n turn_v solid_a pag._n 180._o fluid_v not_o divisible_a into_o fluid_a part_n as_o quantity_n into_o quantity_n pag._n 183._o subterraneal_a fire_n their_o effect_n pag._n 262._o filtration_n it_o be_v cause_n pag._n 365._o g._n consideration_n in_o order_n to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o generation_n pag._n 13_o 14._o generation_n what_o pag._n 15._o gunpowder_n its_o ingredient_n pag._n 67_o phaenomena_n afford_v by_o a_o gummy_a substance_n in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_n pag._n 154._o solidity_n of_o glass_n depend_v on_o a_o juxta-position_n of_o part_n pag._n 162._o the_o part_n of_o glass_n in_o motion_n pag._n 207_o 208_o 209._o what_o figure_v glass_n best_o resist_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n pag._n 320_o 321._o gunpowder_n explode_v in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it etc._n etc._n pag._n 328._o glass_n plate_n break_v in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n pag._n 448._o flat_a glass_n break_v in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n pag._n 447._o h._n heat_v no_o inherent_a quality_n pag._n 9_o heat_v what_o ibid._n humidity_n a_o relative_n quality_n pag._n 125._o heat_v unusual_a in_o mine_n whence_o pag._n 263._o heat_v produce_v by_o attrition_n pag._n 445._o i._o juxta-position_n of_o part_n not_o the_o only_a cause_n of_o cohesion_n pag._n 160._o juxta-position_n of_o part_n promote_v by_o the_o air_n be_v spring_n pag._n 161._o prove_v by_o the_o cohesion_n of_o polish_v glass_n pag._n 163._o by_o the_o cohesion_n of_o polish_a marble_n pag._n 164_o 165_o 166._o the_o interposition_n of_o minute_n part_n may_v turn_v a_o liquor_n into_o a_o solid_a pag._n 178._o observation_n of_o indurated_a body_n pag._n 191._o of_o the_o bone_n of_o a_o deer_n hart_n pag._n 192._o the_o effect_n of_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n hold_v to_o a_o mariner_n compass_n in_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n pag._n 202._o iron_n how_o it_o acquire_v magnetical_a virtue_n pag._n 246._o l._n the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o liquids_n various_o determine_v pag._n 126_o 127_o 128_o 140._o prove_v
by_o a_o solution_n of_o sugar_n in_o water_n pag._n 126._o by_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n pag._n 127._o by_o lead_n raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n pag._n 128._o by_o droop_a oil_n of_o turpentine_n upon_o spirit_n of_o wine_n pag._n 139._o by_o open_v the_o body_n of_o copper_n with_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o apply_v it_o to_o a_o candle_n pag._n 141._o liquids_n why_o sometime_o unapt_a to_o mix_v with_o each_o other_o ibid._n a_o diaphanous_a and_o opacous_a body_n afford_v by_o a_o liquid_a pag._n 143._o the_o superficies_n of_o liquor_n in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_n pag._n 148._o a_o liquor_n may_v become_v consistent_a by_o the_o mixture_n of_o a_o powder_n pag._n 179._o the_o effect_n of_o a_o loadstone_n upon_o file_n of_o iron_n pag._n 293._o m._n matter_n define_v pag._n 2._o motion_n a_o catholic_n agent_n ibid._n guide_v by_o god_n in_o the_o creation_n ibid._n mechanical_a affection_n their_o result_n pag._n 7._o mixture_n and_o texture_n how_o different_a pag._n 22._o the_o effect_n of_o motion_n various_a pag._n 23._o modification_n twofold_a pag._n 44_o 45._o in_o what_o respect_v pag._n 47_o 48._o medicine_n chemical_a lay_v aside_o too_o rash_o pag._n 113_o 114._o the_o effect_n of_o languid_a and_o unheeded_a motion_n from_o pag._n 210_o to_o 238._o motion_n may_v be_v propagate_v through_o different_a i_o dium_n pag._n 223._o a_o observation_n concern_v manna_n pag._n 253._o concern_v a_o match_n burn_v in_o the_o receiver_n pag._n 325._o why_o mercury_n be_v not_o always_o suspend_v at_o the_o same_o height_n pag._n 334._o marble_n disjoin_v in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n pag._n 446._o mountain_n their_o height_n pag._n 468._o n._n nature_n may_v not_o be_v always_o exact_a in_o her_o law_n pag._n 255._o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n not_o right_o state_v pag._n 302._o the_o natural_a sit_v of_o the_o air_n a_o force_a state_n pag._n 304._o o._n odour_n no_o inherent_a quality_n pag._n 9_o odour_n what_o ibid._n observation_n about_o lignum_fw-la vitæ_fw-la pag._n 103._o observation_n make_v in_o quarry_n pag._n 104._o p._n primary_n affection_n of_o matter_n pag._n 3._o putrefaction_n what_o pag._n 16._o corpuscularian_a principle_n very_o fertile_a pag._n 21_o 22._o minuteness_n of_o pore_n no_o argument_n of_o their_o nonexistence_n pag._n 125._o a_o plastic_a power_n inherent_a in_o body_n pag._n 189._o plastic_a power_n what_o pag._n 190._o petrification_n how_o effect_v pag._n 194_o 195._o q._n quality_n no_o distinct_a entity_n pag._n 3._o quality_n the_o result_n of_o modification_n pag._n 5._o prove_v pag._n 6._o quality_n act_n how_o pag._n 11._o complexion_n of_o quality_n no_o real_a quality_n pag._n 17._o whether_o quality_n depend_v on_o substantial_a form_n pag._n 18._o quality_n of_o a_o compound_v different_a from_o the_o ingredient_n pag._n 19_o some_o quality_n the_o result_n of_o mixture_n ibid._n quality_n how_o alter_v pag._n 20_o 182._o different_a quality_n in_o homogeneous_a body_n pag._n 26._o exhibit_v by_o venice_n turpentine_n pag._n 27._o by_o putrified_a urine_n pag._n 27._o new_a quality_n add_v upon_o a_o dissolution_n of_o the_o specific_a form_n pag._n 46._o quality_n the_o result_n of_o motion_n etc._n etc._n pag._n 73_o 74_o 76_o 77._o various_a quality_n produce_v by_o a_o change_n of_o texture_n in_o camphire_n pag._n 78_o 79_o 80._o in_o copper_n and_o silver_n pag._n 81_o 82_o 83_o 84_o 85._o in_o prepare_v of_o luna_n cornea_n pag._n 86_o 87._o in_o prepare_v of_o a_o peculiar_a salt_n pag._n 88_o by_o digest_v spirit_n of_o nitre_n with_o sea-salt_n pag._n 89_o 90._o by_o distil_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n with_o nitre_n pag._n 91_o 92._o by_o digest_v spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n together_o pag._n 102_o 103._o by_o a_o redintegration_n of_o salt_n petre_n pag._n 108_o 109._o r._n redintegration_n of_o body_n consider_v pag._n 69._o of_o amber_n pag._n 70._o of_o roch_n allom_n ibid._n of_o vitriol_n pag._n 71_o 72._o of_o antimony_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n ibid._n of_o salt_n petre_n pag._n 105_o 106_o 107._o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n rest_v limit_v pag._n 198._o of_o respiration_n pag._n 382._o the_o aristotelian_a rarefaction_n examine_v pag._n 404._o rarefaction_n explain_v pag._n 416._o according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o plenist_n pag._n 417._o the_o rota_n aristotelica_n explain_v pag._n 419_o 420._o s._n sound_n no_o inherent_a quality_n pag._n 9_o sound_n what_o ibid._n species_n of_o body_n how_o distinguish_v pag._n 57_o 58._o salt_n their_o figure_n how_o account_v for_o pag._n 62._o salt_n obtain_v from_o a_o alkaly_n pag._n 63._o from_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o a_o solution_n of_o sea-salt_n ibid._n from_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o nitre_n ib._n from_o a_o solution_n of_o copper_n pag._n 64._o from_o gold_n pag._n 65._o venetian_a borax_n ibid._n spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o nitre_n pag._n 66._o soot_n and_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a ibid._n spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o pot-ash_n pag._n 68_o salt_n petre_n obtain_v from_o pot-ash_n pag._n 107._o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o salt_n of_o tartar_n ibid._n solidity_n refine_v pag._n 158._o what_o be_v requisite_a to_o solidity_n or_o firmness_n pag._n 158_o 159_o 160_o 161_o 168_o 169_o 170_o 171_o 172_o 173_o 174_o 176_o 177_o 178_o 179_o 181_o 184_o 185_o 186_o 187._o a_o solid_a turn_v fluid_fw-la pag._n 180._o motion_n in_o the_o part_n of_o solid_n pag._n 200_o 201._o cosmical_a suspicion_n from_o pag._n 249_o to_o 256._o the_o temper_n of_o submarine_n region_n pag._n 266._o of_o the_o uppermost_a ibid._n of_o the_o low_a pag._n 267_o 268._o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n unequal_a pag._n 279._o undisturbed_a in_o storm_n pag._n 271._o almost_o stagnate_v ibid._n the_o proportion_n of_o salt_n in_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o water_n pag._n 275_o 282_o 283_o 284._o spring_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n ibid._n the_o reason_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n pag._n 278_o 279._o it_o be_v bitterness_n whence_o pag._n 280._o concern_v the_o propagation_n of_o sound_n pag._n 353._o a_o spring_n bend_v in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n pag._n 458._o to_o what_o height_n water_n will_v be_v raise_v by_o suction_n pag._n 452_o 454_o 456._o t._n transmutation_n of_o metal_n not_o impossible_a pag._n 94_o 95._o the_o texture_n of_o their_o liquid_n contribute_v to_o their_o mixture_n pag._n 175._o the_o texture_n of_o body_n enable_v they_o to_o work_v on_o each_o other_o pag._n 247._o tree_n under_o water_n pag._n 273._o v._o union_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o compound_n pag._n 44_o 51._o vitriol_n natural_a and_o artificial_a agree_v in_o quality_n pag._n 60_o 61._o vitriol_n turn_v into_o allom_n pag._n 68_o vortices_fw-la beyond_o the_o concave_a surface_n of_o the_o firmament_n pag._n 256._o of_o a_o vacuum_n pag._n 331_o 362_o 440._o vapour_n and_o fume_n why_o they_o ascend_v pag._n 356._o w._n water_n acquire_v new_a quality_n by_o a_o alteration_n of_o its_o form_n pag._n 76._o water_n convertible_a into_o earth_n pag._n 98_o 99_o how_o it_o become_v solid_a powder_n pag._n 99_o a_o insipid_a water_n draw_v from_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o salt_n of_o tartar_n pag._n 188._o water_n its_o gravitation_n pag._n 270._o agitation_n requisite_a to_o keep_v water_n from_o stink_v pag._n 281._o memoirs_fw-fr for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n pag._n 286._o the_o different_a weight_n of_o mineral_n water_n pag._n 291._o observation_n requisite_a in_o try_v they_o pag._n 295._o whether_o they_o have_v arsenic_n in_o they_o pag._n 296._o what_o proportion_n of_o salt_n they_o afford_v pag._n 299._o of_o the_o elater_n of_o water_n pag._n 337._o it_o depend_v on_o the_o elater_n of_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o it_o pag._n 339._o water_n hot_a its_o spontaneous_a ebullition_n pag._n 391._o the_o end_n advertisement_n this_o volume_n contain_v a_o epitome_n of_o several_a of_o the_o author_n work_n i_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o advertise_v that_o to_o avoid_v a_o repetition_n of_o all_o the_o title_n prefix_v to_o the_o tract_n print_v several_o i_o have_v digest_v each_o of_o those_o book_n into_o such_o a_o method_n as_o they_o will_v have_v be_v probable_o print_v in_o have_v they_o be_v all_o writ_n by_o our_o author_n at_o one_o time_n each_o book_n be_v contain_v in_o chapter_n the_o title_n of_o which_o will_v acquaint_v the_o reader_n what_o tract_n they_o belong_v to_o and_o that_o the_o reader_n may_v be_v more_o clear_o satisfy_v i_o intend_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o next_o volume_n to_o add_v such_o a_o table_n of_o the_o author_n work_n as_o shall_v ready_o direct_v what_o chapter_n each_o book_n be_v abridge_v in_o by_o refer_v to_o they_o imprimatur_fw-la libre_fw-la cui_fw-la titulus_fw-la the_o work_n of_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boil_v esq_n epitomise_v by_o richard_n
bend_a p._n in_o press_v up_o the_o plug_n e._n e._n e._n the_o finger_n may_v more_o vigorous_o draw_v up_o the_o leaver_n l._n t._n t._n a_o rectangle_n of_o iron_n compass_v the_o leaver_n l._n l._n and_o the_o iron_n o._n p._n o._n to_o keep_v it_o in_o such_o a_o posture_n that_o the_o plug_n may_v not_o fly_v out_o whilst_o the_o air_n be_v compress_v into_o the_o globe_n a._n a._n i._o i._n a_o elliptic_a hole_n which_o be_v shut_v with_o a_o valve_n that_o open_v inward_a the_o design_n of_o it_o be_v that_o what_o be_v amiss_o in_o the_o globe_n may_v be_v see_v and_o mend_v s._n s._n a_o plate_n of_o metal_n perforate_v with_o a_o screw_n v._o which_o sustain_v the_o valve_n and_o keep_v the_o hole_n v._o shut_v q._n a_o hole_n for_o the_o air_n which_o be_v to_o be_v press_v into_o the_o globe_n to_o enter_v in_o at_o when_o the_o sucker_n d._n be_v pull_v down_o to_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o tube_n c._n c._n the_o method_n to_o press_v air_n into_o this_o globe_n be_v this_o i_o set_v my_o foot_n upon_o the_o crooked_a end_n of_o the_o sucker_n d._n and_o then_o pull_v up_o the_o globe_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o tube_n c._n c._n be_v full_a of_o air_n i_o depress_v the_o globe_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o air_n in_o the_o tube_n be_v force_v into_o it_o through_o the_o valve_n f._n and_o this_o method_n be_v take_v as_o long_o as_o the_o air_n be_v spring_n will_v permit_v we_o to_o compress_v it_o any_o further_a the_o air_n may_v be_v discharge_v if_o when_o the_o plug_n d._n be_v draw_v out_o and_o a_o bullet_n be_v put_v into_o the_o tube_n instead_o of_o it_o the_o plug_n e._n e._n e._n be_v raise_v so_o that_o the_o end_n of_o the_o iron_n wire_n may_v open_v the_o valve_n b._n for_o the_o air_n violent_o rush_v out_o will_v drive_v the_o bullet_n away_o with_o great_a violence_n the_o globe_n will_v be_v soon_o fill_v with_o air_n if_o half_a a_o ounce_n of_o water_n be_v put_v into_o the_o tube_n c._n c._n before_o the_o sucker_n d._n for_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v fill_v with_o water_n the_o air_n will_v be_v force_v clear_o out_o of_o the_o tube_n into_o the_o globe_n and_o this_o wind-gun_n have_v these_o advantage_n above_o any_o other_o yet_o mention_v first_o that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o be_v spoil_v as_o those_o that_o have_v two_o valve_n second_o it_o be_v easy_o mend_v what_o be_v amiss_o be_v take_v out_o at_o the_o elliptic_a hole_n three_o it_o be_v much_o more_o staunch_a the_o cranny_n be_v stop_v with_o silver_n soder_n which_o damage_n not_o the_o leather_n on_o the_o valve_n because_o it_o be_v put_v in_o after_o the_o soder_n be_v cool_v at_o the_o elliptic_a hole_n four_o several_a body_n may_v be_v convey_v into_o it_o at_o the_o elliptic_a hole_n whereby_o we_o may_v be_v enable_v to_o try_v several_a experiment_n plate_n v._o how_o factitious_a air_n may_v pass_v out_o of_o one_o receiver_n into_o another_o a.a._n a_o metalline_a plate_n perforate_v in_o the_o middle_a b._n b._n to_o which_o a_o stop-cock_n be_v fix_v the_o low_a orifice_n be_v make_v into_o a_o male_a screw_n d._n c._n which_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o female_a screw_n d._n of_o the_o copper_n funnel_n d._n c._n 2._o see_v fig._n 2._o e._n e._n a_o hollow_a tube_n both_o of_o who_o end_n be_v form_v into_o a_o female_a screw_n to_o receive_v the_o male_a screw_n of_o the_o stop-cock_n b.b._n 1._o see_v fig._n 1._o f._n f._n the_o receiver_n lay_v on_o the_o plate_n a._n a._n and_o exact_o fit_v to_o it_o the_o matter_n of_o which_o factitious_a air_n be_v to_o be_v make_v be_v to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o receiver_n f._n f._n and_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o tunnel_n c._n be_v place_v on_o the_o receiver_n and_o the_o stop-cock_n b._n be_v open_v the_o air_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n which_o be_v do_v the_o stop-cock_n be_v to_o be_v shut_v again_o and_o the_o male_a screw_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o female_a screw_n in_o the_o brass_n tunnel_n the_o receiver_n be_v to_o be_v immerse_v in_o water_n to_o keep_v external_n air_n out_o as_o for_o the_o degree_n of_o compression_n of_o the_o factitious_a air_n they_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o mercurial_a gage_n before_o mention_v to_o transmit_v this_o air_n into_o another_o receiver_n f._n f._n we_o make_v use_v of_o the_o small_a tube_n e._n e._n fig._n the_o second_o into_o each_o end_n of_o which_o the_o stop-cock_n of_o two_o receiver_n be_v screw_v and_o the_o cranny_n stop_v with_o cement_n by_o turn_v the_o stop-cock_n the_o air_n may_v be_v let_v out_o of_o one_o into_o the_o other_o to_o discover_v the_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o which_o receiver_n because_o they_o must_v be_v invert_v we_o contrive_v the_o follow_a gage_n 4._o see_v fig._n 4._o a._n a._n a_o viol_n fill_v with_o mercury_n up_o to_o the_o superficies_n d._n d._n b._n b._n a_o tube_n cement_v in_o the_o neck_n of_o it_o c._n c._n another_o which_o pass_v through_o the_o tube_n b._n b._n leave_v room_n for_o a_o due_a intercourse_n betwixt_o the_o external_n and_o internal_a air_n the_o upper_a end_n of_o which_o must_v be_v seal_v and_o the_o other_o end_v open_a if_o this_o gage_n be_v put_v into_o a_o receiver_n when_o it_o be_v invert_v both_o the_o tube_n will_v have_v the_o air_n contain_v in_o they_o exhaust_v and_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o receive_v factitious_a air_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v turn_v to_o give_v a_o intercourse_n betwixt_o they_o and_o then_o the_o gage_n be_v invert_v and_o the_o mercury_n which_o lie_v below_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o tube_n b._n b._n fall_v about_o the_o pipe_n c._n c._n by_o rise_v up_o into_o it_o will_v show_v the_o degree_n of_o the_o compression_n of_o that_o factitious_a air._n plate_n vi_o a_o instrument_n by_o which_o air_n may_v be_v filtrate_v through_o water_n 1._o see_v fig._n 1._o a._n a._n a_o glass_n receiver_n who_o orifice_n be_v adapt_v to_o the_o plate_n b._n b._n which_o be_v perforate_v in_o the_o middle_a by_o the_o tubes_fw-la c._n c._n d._n d._n which_o be_v cement_v to_o it_o e._n e._n e._n e._n a_o stop-cock_n into_o which_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o tube_n c._n c._n d._n d._n be_v insert_v f._n f._n the_o key_n of_o the_o stop-cock_n in_o which_o be_v make_v the_o chink_n g._n g._n without_o any_o perforation_n h._n h._n the_o receiver_n to_o which_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v fix_v prevent_v a_o ingress_n of_o outward_a air_n and_o have_v a_o due_a intercourse_n with_o the_o pump_n 1._o 1._o l._n l._n a_o glass_n vessel_n m._n the_o stopple_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o receiver_n fasten_v with_o a_o screw_n 2._o see_v fig._n 2._o a_o stop-cock_n cut_v transverse_a so_o that_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o tube_n c._n c._n d._n d._n into_o the_o stop-cock_n may_v be_v perceive_v the_o use_n of_o this_o instrument_n be_v as_o follow_v to_o try_v how_o much_o air_n may_v acquire_v new_a quality_n in_o respect_n of_o a_o body_n include_v with_o it_o we_o convey_v that_o body_n into_o the_o vessel_n and_o then_o pour_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o water_n at_o the_o orifice_n m._n until_o the_o receiver_n a._n a._n be_v half_o full_a and_o the_o vessel_n l._n l._n swim_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o the_o orifice_n m._n be_v stop_v up_o which_o be_v do_v and_o the_o key_n so_o place_v that_o the_o tube_n c._n c._n may_v communicate_v with_o the_o chink_n g._n g._n upon_o draw_v down_o the_o sucker_n the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n a._n a._n will_v pass_v through_o the_o pipe_n c._n c._n and_o the_o chink_n g._n g._n into_o the_o receiver_n h._n h._n and_o from_o thence_o into_o the_o pump_n upon_o which_o the_o chink_n in_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v turn_v so_o as_o to_o communicate_v with_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o tube_n d._n d._n and_o then_o the_o sucker_n be_v raise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cylinder_n the_o air_n will_v be_v impel_v into_o the_o tube_n d._n d._n and_o emerge_n through_o the_o water_n will_v rise_v into_o the_o top_n of_o the_o receiver_n a._n a._n and_o by_o this_o method_n we_o can_v strain_v it_o through_o water_n as_o often_o as_o we_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o be_v inform_v what_o new_a quality_n it_o acquire_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o body_n about_o it_o figure_fw-fr iii_o how_o the_o same_o numerical_a air_n may_v be_v sometime_o condense_v and_o sometime_o rarify_v the_o receiver_n a._n a._n be_v fix_v upon_o the_o plate_n b._n b._n and_o the_o stop-cock_n c._n c._n be_v fix_v to_o the_o perforation_n of_o the_o plate_n b._n b._n the_o
vacuo_fw-la hartshorn_n in_o vacuo_fw-la hartshorn_n burn_v in_o vacuo_fw-la yield_v some_o air._n june_n 17._o air_n produce_v by_o burn_a hartshorn_n be_v soon_o destroy_v but_o if_o it_o last_v a_o hour_n undiminish_a it_o usual_o continue_v a_o considerable_a time_n june_n 19_o hartshorn_n take_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n yield_v a_o fetid_v oil_n but_o no_o volatile_a spirit_n experiment_n iii_o june_n 21._o vacuo_fw-la amber_n in_o vacuo_fw-la amber_n be_v burn_v in_o a_o receiver_n ascend_v in_o fume_n up_o to_o the_o top_n and_o thence_o reflect_v downward_o but_o burn_v in_o vacuo_fw-la they_o rise_v not_o above_o a_o digit_fw-la at_o the_o first_o but_o afterward_o it_o rise_v almost_o to_o the_o top_n the_o mercury_n in_o the_o gage_n be_v not_o alter_v in_o its_o height_n june_n 22._o water_n in_o which_o the_o receiver_n be_v immerse_v get_v into_o the_o receiver_n july_n 8._o no_o more_o water_n get_v in_o nor_o do_v the_o amber_n produce_v the_o least_o air._n experiment_n iu._n jan._n 18._o 77_o receiver_n camphire_n include_v in_o a_o receiver_n two_o drachm_n of_o camphire_n be_v put_v in_o a_o empty_a receiver_n upon_o a_o digest_v furnace_n jan._n 19_o it_o be_v sublime_v into_o flower_n no_o air_n be_v produce_v experiment_n v._n may_v 24._o 76._o receiver_n sulphur_n viu._n melt_v in_o a_o receiver_n sulphur_n viu._n be_v melt_v in_o a_o exhaust_a receiver_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o burning-glass_n yield_v not_o air._n experiment_n vi._n july_n 19_o paste_n include_v in_o a_o receiver_n and_o burn_v afford_v so_o much_o air_n that_o the_o cover_v which_o before_o can_v not_o be_v move_v without_o difficulty_n easy_o part_v from_o the_o receiver_n article_n ix_o concern_v the_o production_n of_o air_n in_o vacuo_fw-la experiment_n i._n sept._n 9_o 76._o vacuo_fw-la dry_a grape_n in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o exhaust_v receiver_n be_v half_o full_a of_o dry_a grape_n sept._n 10_o it_o ascend_v ½_n sept._n 12_o it_o ascend_v ½_n sept._n 14_o it_o ascend_v â…œ_n sept._n 17_o it_o ascend_v â…œ_n sept._n 22_o the_o ascent_n be_v â…_n sept._n 27_o the_o ascent_n be_v â…_n the_o height_n be_v 3_o digit_n octob._n 11._o the_o mercury_n be_v 6_o digit_n high_a sept._n 9_o 76._o a_o receiver_n be_v half_o full_a of_o dry_a fig_n the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o till_o it_o stand_v at_o 3_o inch_n sept._n 10._o no_o air_n produce_v sept._n 17._o no_o air._n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v no_o regularity_n in_o the_o production_n of_o air_n from_o dry_a fruit_n experiment_n ii_o august_n 5._o 76._o apricock_n pear_n and_o apricock_n pear_n and_o apricock_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la aug._n 6._o in_o 18_o hour_n the_o mercury_n be_v raise_v 2_o inch_n in_o ten_o hour_n more_o the_o height_n of_o it_o be_v 3_o digit_n aug._n 7_o the_o height_n be_v 5_o aug._n 8_o the_o height_n be_v 6_o ½_n aug._n 9_o in_o 14_o hour_n it_o be_v 7_o ¼_n inc._n hic_fw-mi aug._n 10_o the_o height_n be_v 8_o ¾_n aug._n 11_o the_o height_n be_v 10_o ¾_n aug._n 12_o the_o height_n be_v 12_o ¼_n aug._n 13_o the_o height_n be_v 14_o ¼_n aug._n 14_o the_o height_n be_v 16_o aug._n 15_o the_o height_n be_v 18_o aug._n 16_o the_o height_n be_v 20_o aug._n 18_o the_o height_n be_v 25_o aug._n 19_o the_o height_n be_v 29_o aug._n 20_o the_o height_n be_v 31_o ½_n aug._n 21_o the_o height_n be_v 32_o ½_n aug._n 22_o the_o height_n be_v 34_o aug._n 23_o the_o height_n be_v 35_o aug._n 26_o the_o height_n be_v 38_o ½_n aug._n 29_o the_o height_n be_v 41_o sept._n 1_o the_o height_n be_v 42_o ½_n sept._n 4_o the_o height_n be_v 44_o sept._n 7._o the_o three_o last_o day_n be_v hot_a it_o be_v raise_v to_o 46_o ¼_n sept._n 10_o the_o height_n be_v 47_o ½_n sept._n 13_o the_o height_n be_v 44_o sept._n 23_o the_o height_n be_v 48_o sept._n 27_o the_o height_n be_v 50_o ½_n nou._n 5_o the_o height_n be_v 52_o â…“_n nou._n 28._o the_o apricock_n be_v reduce_v to_o water_n the_o skin_n be_v sever_v from_o the_o pulp_n no_o more_o air_n be_v produce_v jan._n 10._o 77._o it_o be_v a_o hard_a frost_n at_o which_o time_n the_o mercury_n come_v to_o 57_o inch_n upon_o a_o thaw_v it_o be_v depress_v to_o 23._o march_v 3_o the_o apricock_n be_v putrify_v and_o have_v lose_v their_o colour_n hence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o apricock_n afford_v air_n almost_o as_o fast_o in_o their_o wont_a pressure_n as_o in_o vacuo_fw-la experiment_n iii_o june_n 20._o 76._o cherry_n sour_a cherry_n sour_a cherry_n whole_a be_v put_v into_o one_o receiver_n and_o other_o cut_v into_o another_o the_o whole_a one_o raise_v the_o mercury_n in_o two_o hour_n 10_o line_n the_o dissect_a one_o 20._o june_n 21._o the_o whole_a one_o raise_v the_o mercury_n to_o 3_o inehe_n the_o other_o gage_n be_v spoil_v june_n 26._o the_o whole_a one_o raise_v the_o mercury_n 15_o digit_n the_o other_o receiver_n be_v full_a of_o air._n july_n 9_o the_o receiver_n be_v remove_v from_o its_o cover_n i_o eat_v a_o cherry_n which_o be_v well_o taste_v the_o rest_n be_v include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la and_o some_o of_o they_o break_v in_o a_o hour_n raise_v the_o mercury_n 2_o digit_fw-la july_n 10._o the_o mercury_n ascend_v not_o because_o the_o gage_n be_v spoil_v july_n 15._o the_o cover_n be_v sever_v from_o its_o receiver_n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o dissect_a fruit_n produce_v air_n soon_o than_o whole_a one_o experiment_n iu._n june_n 9_o 77._o vacuo_fw-la cherry_n in_o vacuo_fw-la cherry_n be_v put_v into_o a_o receiver_n raise_v ¼_n of_o a_o digit_fw-la of_o mercury_n in_o a_o hour_n jun._n 10._o the_o mercury_n be_v raise_v in_o 18_o hour_n to_o the_o height_n of_o 11_o digit_n june_n 11_o it_o rise_v to_o 15_o june_n 12_o it_o rise_v to_o 15_o †_o june_n 13_o it_o rise_v to_o 22_o june_n 16_o it_o rise_v to_o 30_o june_n 18_o the_o receiver_n be_v open_v fruit_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n in_o france_n fill_v their_o receiver_n in_o 2_o day_n and_o probable_o there_o may_v be_v the_o like_a difference_n in_o other_o fruit_n in_o several_a country_n experiment_n v._n june_n 12._o 76._o vacuo_fw-la cabbage_n in_o vacuo_fw-la cabbage_n be_v include_v in_o a_o receiver_n in_o a_o hour_n time_n raise_v the_o mercury_n a_o line_n june_n 13._o it_o be_v raise_v to_o 10_o digit_n june_n 17._o it_o be_v raise_v almost_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o gage_n the_o cabbage_n be_v very_o little_o alter_v june_n 19_o have_v be_v 2_o day_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n be_v corrupt_v and_o blackish_a be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la they_o raise_v the_o mercury_n ½_n a_o inch._n june_n 22._o it_o be_v raise_v to_o the_o height_n of_o 1_o ½_n june_n 23._o no_o more_o air_n be_v produce_v the_o cabbage_n be_v take_v out_o it_o stink_v much_o so_o that_o i_o suspect_v that_o body_n have_v afford_v as_o much_o air_n as_o they_o can_v before_o they_o putrify_v experiment_n vi._n may_v 29._o 76._o vacuo_fw-la orange_n in_o vacuo_fw-la have_v shut_v up_o two_o piece_n of_o orange_n which_o weigh_v 4_o ounce_n in_o 2_o exhaust_a receiver_n large_a enough_o to_o hold_v 10_o ounce_n of_o water_n june_n 10._o they_o remove_v the_o receiver_n from_o its_o cover_n upon_o which_o i_o shut_v they_o up_o in_o a_o exhaust_a receiver_n capable_a of_o contain_v 8_o ounce_n of_o water_n upon_o which_o the_o mercury_n ascend_v ½_n of_o a_o digit_fw-la june_n 13._o it_o be_v almost_o 2_o digit_n high_a june_n 16._o it_o ascend_v about_o 3_o line_n june_n 21_o it_o ascend_v not_o one_o line_n july_n 18._o the_o mercury_n be_v no_o high_o but_o some_o mouldiness_n appear_v experiment_n vii_o april_n 27._o 76_o vacuo_fw-la a_o tulip_n in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o tulip_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n with_o as_o much_o air_n as_o raise_v the_o mercury_n 2_o digit_n may_v 2._o that_o which_o before_o be_v stripe_v put_v on_o a_o dark_a red_a and_o become_v moist_a it_o afford_v but_o little_a air._n experiment_n viii_o april_n 22._o 76._o vacuo_fw-la a_o limon_n in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o limon_n shut_v up_o with_o a_o mercurial_a gage_n 3_o digit_n long_o april_n 24_o it_o be_v 1_o ½_n digit_n high_a april_n 25_o it_o be_v 2_o digit_n high_a april_n 26_o it_o be_v 4_o line_n high_o apr._n 27_o it_o rise_v 1_o line_n apr._n 28_o it_o rise_v 1_o line_n apr._n 29_o may_n 3_o in_o four_o day_n it_o ascend_v a_o little_a above_o a_o line_n may_v 3._o 77._o the_o limon_n be_v a_o little_a alter_v the_o mercury_n be_v raise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o gage_n jan._n 1._o 17._o the_o limon_n have_v contract_v a_o yellowness_n and_o moisture_n experiment_n ix_o march_n 16._o 67._o vacuo_fw-la a_o apple_n in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o apple_n which_o begin_v
it_o be_v 7_o aug._n 29_o it_o be_v 10_o aug._n 30_o it_o be_v 12_o aug._n 31_o it_o be_v 13_o sept._n 1_o it_o be_v 15_o sept._n 2_o it_o be_v 16_o sept._n 3_o it_o be_v 18_o sept._n 4_o it_o be_v 18_o sept._n 5._o they_o begin_v to_o be_v yellow_a sept._n 7_o they_o grow_v yellow_a the_o mercury_n be_v 18_o inch_n sept._n 15_o it_o be_v 20._o this_o be_v a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o former_a experiment_n experiment_n iu._n sept._n 10._o 77._o two_o ounce_n of_o ripe_a grape_n be_v include_v in_o a_o receiver_n capable_a of_o hold_v 10_o ounce_n grape_n ripe_v grape_n sept._n 11_o it_o be_v 6_o sept._n 12_o it_o be_v 9_o sept._n 13_o it_o be_v 12_o sept._n 14_o it_o be_v 15_o sept._n 15_o it_o be_v 20_o sept._n 16_o it_o be_v 25_o sept._n 17_o it_o be_v 28_o sept._n 18_o it_o be_v 30_o the_o grape_n unaltered_a sept._n 19_o it_o be_v 30_o sept._n 20_o grape_n a_o little_o ripe_a sept._n 21_o the_o receiver_n be_v force_v from_o the_o cover_n sept._n 22_o the_o grape_n begin_v to_o rot_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o another_o receiver_n sept._n 23_o it_o be_v 5_o sept._n 24_o it_o be_v 9_o sept._n 25_o it_o be_v 14_o sept._n 26_o it_o be_v 17_o sept._n 27_o it_o be_v 20_o sept._n 29_o it_o be_v 27_o sept._n 30_o it_o be_v 28_o oct._n 10_o the_o receiver_n force_v from_o the_o cover_n the_o grape_n seem_v rot_v but_o preserve_v their_o firmness_n sept._n 10._o 77._o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o bruise_a grape_n be_v include_v in_o a_o receiver_n of_o the_o same_o size_n sept._n 11_o it_o be_v 4_o sept._n 12_o it_o be_v 7_o sept._n 13_o it_o be_v 10_o sept._n 14_o it_o be_v 12_o sept._n 15_o it_o be_v 15_o sept._n 16_o it_o be_v 18_o sept._n 17_o it_o be_v 20_o sept._n 18_o it_o be_v 25_o sept._n 19_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o the_o juice_n be_v spill_v the_o receiver_n be_v sever_v from_o the_o cover_n sept._n 20._o the_o same_o grape_n be_v shut_v up_o with_o as_o much_o air_n as_o raise_v the_o mercury_n 3_o inch_n sept._n 21._o the_o receiver_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o cover_n and_o the_o grape_n enclose_v in_o another_o receiver_n with_o common_a air._n sept._n 22._o the_o mercury_n be_v 11_o inch_n high_a sept._n 23_o it_o be_v 19_o sept._n 24_o it_o be_v 19_o sept._n 30_o it_o be_v 20_o oct._n 3_o be_v take_v out_o they_o be_v bitter_a ripe_a grape_n yield_v more_o air_n when_o bruise_v than_o unbruised_a experiment_n v._n nou._n 19_o 78._o a_o sound_n and_o a_o bruise_a apple_n receiver_n sound_z and_o bruise_a apple_n in_o receiver_n be_v each_o put_v into_o a_o distinct_a vessel_n another_o bruise_a one_o be_v put_v into_o a_o three_o which_o be_v so_o adapt_v to_o it_o that_o when_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v the_o air_n form_v in_o the_o bruise_a apple_n expand_v itself_o squeeze_v out_o the_o juice_n nou._n 22._o in_o the_o first_o receiver_n the_o mercury_n be_v 5_o in_o the_o second_o 3_o in_o the_o three_o 0._o nou._n 23._o in_o the_o one_a 7_o inch_n in_o the_o other_o no_o alteration_n decemb._n 7._o in_o the_o one_a 11_o no_o alteration_n in_o the_o other_o jan._n 23._o the_o first_o separate_v from_o the_o cover_n may_v 20._o 79._o the_o three_o separate_v from_o the_o cover_n in_o the_o second_o no_o air_n produce_v the_o reason_n why_o bruise_a fruit_n yield_v most_o air_n in_o vacuo_fw-la seem_v to_o be_v because_o they_o there_o have_v more_o liberty_n to_o expand_v their_o part_n article_n xv._o air_n be_v sometime_o find_v unfit_a to_o produce_v mouldiness_n experiment_n i._n july_n 12._o 78._o rose_n be_v include_v in_o two_o receiver_n air._n rose_n in_o common_a and_o compress_v air._n and_o as_o much_o air_n with_o one_o of_o they_o as_o sustain_v 60_o digit_n of_o mercury_n august_n 2._o those_o in_o common_a air_n turn_v yellow_a the_o other_o retain_v their_o colour_n feb._n 10._o 79._o those_o in_o the_o compress_v air_n be_v unaltered_a this_o compare_v with_o exp._n iu._n art_n iv_o show_v that_o several_a time_n the_o air_n be_v so_o different_a as_o sometime_o to_o hinder_v and_o sometime_o to_o promote_v corruption_n experiment_n ii_o may_v 22._o lark-spur_n tulip_n and_o lark-spur_n tulip_n and_o larks-spur_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o two_o receiver_n and_o as_o much_o air_n compress_v in_o one_o as_o sustain_v 60_o inch_n of_o mercury_n 15_o day_n ago_o in_o five_o day_n some_o of_o the_o tulip_n in_o the_o common_a air_n that_o be_v cut_v seem_v mouldy_a to_o day_n the_o other_o part_n seem_v mouldy_a the_o flower_n seem_v as_o fresh_a as_o when_o first_o put_v in_o but_o those_o in_o compress_v air_n be_v more_o moist_a june_n 22._o no_o more_o mouldy_a this_o experiment_n compare_v with_o the_o same_o make_v the_o year_n before_o confirm_v the_o inference_n draw_v from_o the_o forego_n article_n xvi_o experiment_n concern_v the_o change_n of_o weight_n make_v in_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n even_o in_o vessel_n seal_v hermetical_o experiment_n i._n sept._n 4._o 78._o beam_n minium_n expose_v to_o the_o sun_n beam_n a_o drachm_n of_o minium_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o sun_n beam_n concenter_v by_o a_o burn_a glass_n lose_v ¼_n part_n of_o a_o grain_n experiment_n ii_o sept._n 6._o beam_n calcine_v coral_n expose_v to_o the_o sun_n beam_n calcine_v coral_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o a_o glass_n hermetical_o seal_v become_v white_a sept._n 10._o in_o two_o hour_n the_o glass_n be_v weigh_v it_o from_o the_o first_o have_v lose_v 1_o 1â—_n of_o a_o grain_n experiment_n i._n may_v 23._o seal_v calx_fw-la of_o tin_n in_o a_o glass_n hermetical_o seal_v calx_fw-la of_o tin_n include_v in_o a_o glass_n hermetical_o seal_v lose_v 1_o 64_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n by_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n concentre_v by_o a_o burn_a glass_n may_v 29._o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o minium_n it_o lose_v 1_o 32_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n may_v 30._o be_v about_o to_o repeat_v the_o experiment_n the_o glass_n fly_v in_o piece_n june_n 6._o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o minium_n it_o lose_v 1_o 64_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n upon_o a_o second_o trial_n the_o glass_n break_v july_n 15._o the_o sun_n have_v no_o effect_n on_o coal_n of_o wood._n june_n 20._o the_o sulphur_n vive_fw-fr though_o it_o melt_v and_o fume_v lose_v none_o of_o its_o weight_n august_n 1_o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v it_o lose_v no_o weight_n article_n xvii_o the_o preservation_n of_o body_n in_o compress_v liquor_n experiment_n i._n aug._n 3._o 78._o water_n a_o apricock_n in_o water_n a_o apricock_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o one_o receiver_n full_a of_o raisin_n of_o the_o sun_n stone_v another_o be_v convey_v into_o a_o second_o so_o that_o it_o neither_o touch_v the_o water_n nor_o raisin_n sept._n 10._o the_o apricock_n enclose_v in_o the_o water_n be_v take_v out_o bubble_v whilst_o the_o air_n make_v its_o way_n out_o the_o apricock_n have_v a_o pleasant_a relish_n but_o the_o raisin_n have_v lose_v their_o taste_n feb._n 10._o 78._o the_o other_o apricock_n only_o seem_v to_o have_v lose_v its_o firmness_n some_o fruit_n may_v reserve_v their_o taste_n in_o a_o infusion_n of_o raisin_n of_o the_o sun_n if_o the_o vessel_n will_v bear_v a_o great_a compression_n of_o air._n experiment_n ii_o sept._n 17_o 78._o air._n peach_v include_v in_o artificial_a air._n peach_n be_v include_v in_o 2_o receiver_n with_o a_o infusion_n of_o raisin_n sept._n 11._o the_o air_n generate_v in_o one_o receiver_n force_v out_o some_o of_o the_o air._n sept._n 25._o more_o of_o the_o liquor_n be_v force_v out_o so_o that_o a_o five_o part_n seem_v empty_a but_o the_o screw_v be_v set_v it_o be_v preserve_v sept._n 26._o the_o same_o receiver_n leak_v again_o nou._n 27._o the_o receiver_n be_v open_v whilst_o the_o air_n make_v its_o way_n out_o the_o peach_v bubble_v the_o yellow_a sort_n be_v soft_a but_o preserve_v their_o taste_n the_o other_o sort_n reserve_v its_o firmness_n the_o liquor_n be_v very_o grateful_a and_o pleasant_a decemb._n 28._o the_o other_o receiver_n be_v open_v though_o before_o it_o seem_v unaltered_a yet_o both_o the_o liquor_n and_o peach_v bubble_v one_o side_n be_v soft_a the_o other_o hard_o it_o be_v taste_n be_v pleasant_a but_o something_o sharp_a so_o that_o liquor_n may_v acquire_v a_o sourness_n though_o no_o spirit_n evaporate_v experiment_n iii_o sept._n 20._o grape_n peach_n and_o crude_a grape_n peach_n and_o unripe_a grape_n be_v include_v in_o two_o receiver_n in_o one_o of_o which_o be_v apple_n bruise_v to_o a_o pulp_n in_o the_o other_o a_o infusion_n of_o raisin_n of_o the_o sun_n sept._n 25._o that_o in_o which_o the_o raisin_n be_v have_v force_v half_o its_o
receiver_n so_o far_o that_o but_o one_o part_n of_o twenty_o of_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o and_o then_o we_o observe_v the_o follow_a particular_n first_o the_o water_n except_o about_o the_o fish_n afford_v no_o froth_n and_o but_o few_o bubble_n second_o the_o fish_n discharge_v several_a bubble_n at_o its_o mouth_n and_o gills_o and_o several_a after_o it_o rest_v half_a a_o hour_n stick_v to_o its_o fin_n and_o tail_n and_o other_o part_n these_o bubble_n by_o swim_v will_v be_v shake_v off_o but_o upon_o a_o little_a rest_n they_o will_v appear_v about_o he_o again_o three_o except_o at_o the_o latter_a end_n he_o seem_v to_o take_v in_o air_n at_o his_o mouth_n and_o gills_o four_o after_o a_o while_n he_o lay_v on_o his_o back_n and_o will_v swim_v in_o that_o posture_n five_o in_o some_o time_n he_o move_v more_o lively_a than_o at_o first_o a_o hour_n and_o half_a after_o he_o be_v include_v he_o seem_v clear_a of_o bubble_n but_o lay_v on_o his_o back_n and_o be_v a_o little_a tumid_a yet_o as_o lively_a as_o before_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o ¼_n after_o he_o be_v without_o motion_n and_o stiff_a yet_o be_v excite_v by_o motion_n he_o move_v a_o little_a air_n be_v let_v into_o the_o receiver_n whilst_o he_o be_v under_o water_n he_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o seem_v a_o little_a revive_v and_o be_v convey_v along_o with_o the_o water_n into_o a_o basin_n of_o fresh_a water_n he_o be_v further_o recover_v yet_o can_v not_o lie_v on_o his_o belly_n but_o turn_v from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o his_o belly_n seem_v much_o shrink_v he_o be_v alive_a at_o 24_o hour_n end_n and_o then_o be_v able_a to_o lie_v on_o his_o belly_n title_n viii_o of_o two_o animal_n include_v with_o large_a wound_n in_o the_o abdomen_fw-la in_o the_o pneumatical_a receiver_n experiment_n i._n vacuo_fw-la abird_n in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o small_a bird_n who_o abdomen_fw-la be_v open_v tranvers_o in_o about_o a_o minute_n after_o we_o begin_v to_o pump_n have_v convulsion_n in_o its_o wing_n and_o be_v take_v out_o be_v past_o recover_v though_o there_o be_v very_o little_a alteration_n in_o its_o lung_n and_o the_o auricles_n of_o its_o heart_n continue_v to_o beat_v experiment_n ii_o vacuo_fw-la a_o frog_n in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o frog_n who_o abdomen_fw-la be_v so_o much_o open_v that_o two_o curl_a lobe_n of_o its_o lung_n come_v out_o at_o the_o incision_n be_v suspend_v by_o the_o leg_n in_o a_o small_a receiver_n which_o when_o it_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n exhaust_v lie_v void_a of_o motion_n its_o abdomen_fw-la and._n thigh_n be_v swell_v very_o much_o as_o if_o distend_v with_o some_o airy_a vapour_n one_o lobe_n when_o the_o frog_n be_v shut_v up_o appear_v full_a the_o other_o shrink_v up_o and_o thus_o they_o continue_v till_o air_n be_v let_v into_o the_o receiver_n again_o and_o then_o the_o body_n grow_v less_o tumid_a and_o the_o lobe_n of_o the_o lung_n which_o be_v tumid_a subside_v it_o present_o recover_v title_n ix_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o separate_a heart_n of_o a_o cold_a animal_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n experiment_n i._n vacuo_fw-la the_o heart_n of_o a_o eel_n in_o vacuo_fw-la the_o heart_n of_o a_o eel_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n upon_o a_o tin_n plate_n beat_v as_o in_o the_o open_a air_n and_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v grow_v tumid_a emit_v several_a bubble_n out_o of_o it_o yet_o it_o continue_v to_o beat_v as_o fast_o or_o fast_o than_o in_o the_o open_a air._n the_o like_a success_n we_o have_v with_o another_o experiment_n ii_o the_o heart_n of_o another_o though_o tumid_a beat_v a_o hour_n in_o vacuo_fw-la and_o then_o begin_v to_o fail_v i_o apply_v heat_n to_o the_o glass_n upon_o which_o it_o renew_v and_o continue_v its_o motion_n another_o hour_n at_o which_o time_n it_o be_v motion_n be_v renew_v by_o apply_v of_o heat_n a_o second_o time_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o hour_n the_o motion_n which_o be_v but_o a_o tremble_a one_o can_v neither_o be_v promote_v by_o the_o air_n nor_o heat_n title_n x._o a_o comparison_n of_o time_n wherein_o animal_n may_v be_v kill_v by_o drown_v or_o withdraw_v of_o the_o air._n experiment_n i._n sept._n 10._o receiver_n animal_n in_o a_o exhaust_a receiver_n a_o green-finch_n be_v sink_v in_o water_n by_o a_o weight_n be_v dead_a after_o it_o have_v lie_v half_o 0184_o 0108_o five_o 3_o a_o minute_n without_o motion_n experiment_n ii_o a_o sparrow_n which_o at_o the_o first_o move_v very_o vigorous_o under_o water_n be_v take_v up_o after_o it_o have_v lie_v half_a a_o minute_n without_o motion_n be_v past_o recovery_n experiment_n iii_o a_o mouse_n be_v immerse_v half_o a_o minute_n and_o some_o second_o after_o some_o faint_a sign_n of_o life_n though_o not_o convulsive_a die_v experiment_n iu._n a_o duck_n be_v immerse_v by_o a_o weight_n after_o it_o have_v lie_v quiet_a for_o a_o minute_n be_v a_o little_a uneasy_a but_o be_v quiet_a at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o minute_n we_o take_v it_o out_o and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n it_o recover_v but_o be_v immerse_v again_o in_o fresh_a water_n it_o emit_v several_a bubble_n at_o its_o beak_n and_o nostril_n and_o in_o two_o minute_n time_n begin_v to_o struggle_v at_o the_o end_n of_o four_o minute_n cease_v to_o emit_v bubble_n it_o begin_v to_o gape_v which_o continue_v two_o minute_n and_o then_o its_o head_n hang_v careless_o down_o it_o seem_v dead_a be_v take_v out_o a_o minute_n after_o it_o be_v past_a recovery_n experiment_n v._n a_o duckling_n be_v immerse_v with_o its_o beak_n about_o 2_o inch_n under_o water_n emit_v bubble_n at_o its_o beak_n which_o likewise_o arise_v from_o some_o place_n in_o its_o neck_n about_o as_o far_o from_o its_o eye_n as_o from_o its_o ear_n after_o which_o several_a time_n it_o endeavour_v to_o dive_v low_a and_o have_v be_v moderate_o convulse_v hang_v its_o head_n down_o as_o if_o dead_a at_o 3_o minute_n end_n soon_o after_o a_o tremble_a motion_n appear_v in_o some_o part_n of_o its_o bill_n but_o that_o cease_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o four_o minute_n it_o be_v take_v out_o past_a recovery_n experiment_n vi._n a_o viper_n be_v so_o long_o keep_v in_o vacuo_fw-la that_o it_o seem_v dead_a but_o be_v keep_v all_o night_n over_o a_o digestive_a furnace_n in_o a_o glass_n body_n be_v as_o lively_a as_o ever_o then_o we_o immerse_v it_o in_o a_o glass_n body_n stop_v with_o a_o cork_n and_o depress_v with_o a_o weight_n where_o it_o lay_v a_o considerable_a time_n with_o very_o little_a motion_n when_o four_o hour_n be_v almost_o past_a it_o swim_v above_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n and_o have_v several_a time_n put_v out_o its_o tongue_n when_o a_o little_a more_o than_o seven_o hour_n be_v pass_v it_o seem_v dead_a its_o head_n and_o tail_n hang_v down_o without_o motion_n n._n b._n though_o several_a of_o these_o animal_n seem_v to_o die_v a_o little_a soon_o in_o water_n than_o in_o vacuo_fw-la yet_o it_o do_v not_o certain_o prove_v that_o the_o former_a kill_v they_o fast_o for_o in_o water_n they_o be_v deprive_v of_o air_n instant_o in_o a_o receiver_n by_o degree_n which_o be_v evident_a from_o hence_o viz._n that_o have_v provide_v a_o receiver_n which_o can_v be_v exhaust_v at_o one_o suck_v the_o animal_n contain_v in_o it_o will_v be_v dead_a in_o half_a a_o minute_n title_n xi_o of_o the_o accident_n that_o happen_v to_o animal_n in_o air_n bring_v to_o a_o considerable_a degree_n but_o not_o near_o the_o utmost_a one_o of_o rarefaction_n experiment_n i._n aug._n 18._o a_o linote_n be_v 3_o hour_n in_o a_o receiver_n vacuo_fw-la several_a animal_n in_o vacuo_fw-la large_a enough_o to_o hold_v 4_o ½_n pint_n seem_v sick_a but_o be_v take_v out_o recover_v experiment_n ii_o aug._n 18._o a_o linote_n be_v enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n half_o exhaust_v be_v not_o in_o danger_n of_o death_n in_o less_o than_o 1_o ¼_n hour_n and_o then_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n recover_v experiment_n iii_o sept._n 9_o a_o lark_n be_v include_v in_o a_o receiver_n of_o the_o former_a magnitude_n together_o with_o a_o gage_n when_o ¾_n of_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v in_o a_o minute_n and_o half_n be_v take_v with_o convulsion_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o minute_n be_v past_o recovery_n experiment_n iu._n sept._n 9_o a_o green-finch_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o same_o receiver_n half_o exhaust_v in_o a_o minute_n be_v sick_a and_o throw_v matter_n which_o she_o vomit_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n upon_o which_o she_o seem_v better_a and_o continue_v so_o for_o 3_o minute_n and_o then_o be_v sick_a and_o vomit_v as_o before_o she_o eat_v part_n of_o it_o up_o
suspend_v by_o a_o wire_n in_o the_o neck_n in_o 2_o ½_n hour_n we_o find_v it_o dead_a and_o with_o much_o ado_n recover_v when_o air_n be_v blow_v in_o with_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o the_o seal_a end_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v break_v off_o the_o station_n of_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o receiver_n be_v not_o alter_v experiment_n ii_o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o a_o small_a bird_n in_o half_a a_o hour_n it_o be_v sick_a and_o droop_a and_o in_o 2_o ½_n hour_n a_o difficulty_n of_o breathe_v gradual_o increase_v it_o die_v the_o gage_n be_v not_o sensible_o alter_v experiment_n iii_o to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o defect_n of_o cold_a in_o a_o exhaust_a receiver_n that_o kill_v animal_n include_v in_o it_o we_o hermetical_o seal_v a_o small_a bird_n in_o a_o receiver_n large_a enough_o to_o hold_v 3_o quart_n of_o water_n in_o a_o few_o minute_n it_o begin_v to_o be_v sick_a and_o pant_v and_o continue_v so_o half_a a_o hour_n the_o viol_n be_v immerse_v 6_o minute_n in_o water_n refrigerated_a with_o a_o solution_n of_o sal_fw-la armon_n but_o the_o bird_n be_v not_o refresh_v it_o vomit_v and_o purge_v when_o take_v out_o of_o the_o water_n and_o continue_v to_o pant_v as_o before_o in_o a_o hour_n from_o her_o first_o imprisonment_n die_v title_n vi_o of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o air_n to_o elevate_v steam_n of_o body_n it_o the_o usefulness_n of_o air_n to_o raise_v steam_n from_o body_n contiguous_a to_o it_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o air_n carry_v off_o the_o fuliginous_a steam_n from_o the_o lung_n in_o respiration_n we_o prepare_v a_o red_a liquor_n consist_v of_o such_o saline_n and_o spirituous_a part_n as_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n yield_v this_o liquor_n well_o stop_v up_o in_o a_o bottle_n though_o it_o be_v but_o half_a full_a emit_v no_o steam_n but_o when_o the_o external_n air_n come_v to_o it_o it_o emit_v white_a exhalation_n which_o rise_v up_o into_o the_o air._n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o contact_n of_o the_o air_n may_v enable_v body_n to_o emit_v vapour_n in_o this_o liquor_n there_o be_v two_o thing_n worth_a our_o notice_n the_o first_o be_v that_o when_o the_o viol_n have_v lie_v quiet_a and_o stop_v a_o competent_a time_n the_o upper_a part_n will_v appear_v void_a of_o fume_n so_o that_o the_o air_n will_v retain_v but_o a_o certain_a quantity_n which_o may_v help_v to_o give_v a_o reason_n why_o the_o same_o air_n which_o will_v be_v clog_v with_o steam_n in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v unfit_a for_o respiration_n the_o second_o be_v that_o in_o vacuo_fw-la for_o want_n of_o air_n though_o the_o bottle_n be_v unstop_v these_o exhalation_n will_v not_o rise_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v let_v into_o the_o receiver_n they_o rise_v up_o plentiful_o be_v draw_v out_o along_o with_o the_o air_n a_o second_o time_n exhaust_v this_o experiment_n have_v some_o affinity_n with_o that_o mention_v in_o the_o 29_o of_o the_o experiment_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o first_o volume_n that_o be_v make_v with_o corrosive_a ingredient_n and_o this_o of_o medicine_n good_a for_o the_o lung_n title_n xvii_o of_o the_o long_a continuance_n of_o a_o slow-worm_n and_o a_o leech_n alive_a in_o the_o vacuum_n make_v by_o our_o engin._n experiment_n i._n vacuo_fw-la a_o slow-worm_n and_o a_o leech_n alive_a in_o vacuo_fw-la white_a snail_n without_o their_o shell_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la have_v store_n of_o bubble_n stick_v to_o they_o but_o they_o put_v out_o and_o draw_v in_o their_o horn_n at_o pleasure_n in_o some_o hour_n they_o become_v void_a of_o motion_n and_o tumid_a and_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twelve_o hour_n seem_v like_o blow_a bladder_n the_o substance_n of_o their_o body_n be_v consume_v the_o external_n air_n be_v let_v in_o they_o sink_v together_o like_o two_o skin_n no_o sign_n of_o life_n appear_v experiment_n ii_o aneft_v be_v include_v in_o a_o exhaust_v receiver_n 48_o hour_n it_o seem_v swell_v in_o its_o belly_n it_o be_v under_o jaw_n move_v the_o first_o night_n but_o not_o after_o the_o receiver_n be_v open_v under_o water_n and_o half_o fill_v the_o animal_n be_v very_o much_o revive_v experiment_n iii_o a_o leech_n be_v include_v with_o a_o little_a water_n in_o a_o receiver_n large_a enough_o to_o hold_v 12_o ounce_n when_o the_o air_n be_v pump_v out_o the_o leech_n keep_v under_o water_n several_a bubble_n rise_v from_o distinct_a part_n of_o its_o body_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o much_o indispose_v it_o continue_v well_o five_o day_n by_o open_v the_o receiver_n under_o water_n i_o find_v that_o it_o have_v be_v all_o the_o time_n well_o exhaust_v title_n xviii_o of_o what_o happen_v to_o some_o creep_v infect_v in_o our_o vacum_fw-la experiment_n i._n six_o caterpillar_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la two_o hour_n after_o vacuo_fw-la creep_v infect_v in_o vacuo_fw-la move_v up_o and_o down_o 8_o hour_n after_o they_o seem_v quite_o dead_a but_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o the_o morning_n be_v alive_a experiment_n ii_o caterpillar_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o two_o receiver_n to_o one_o we_o add_v the_o air_n which_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o other_o receiver_n those_o which_o have_v air_n with_o they_o be_v alive_a two_o day_n the_o other_o in_o vacuo_fw-la seem_v dead_a in_o a_o little_a time_n title_n xix_o of_o the_o phaenomena_n suggest_v by_o wing_v infect_v in_o our_o vacum_fw-la experiment_n i._n vacuo_fw-la winge_a infect_v in_o vacuo_fw-la flesh-flies_a who_o head_n be_v cut_v off_o be_v include_v in_o a_o portable_a receiver_n furnish_v with_o a_o large_a pipe_n and_o a_o bubble_n at_o the_o end_n of_o it_o when_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o they_o lose_v their_o motion_n two_o hour_n after_o fire_v not_o be_v able_a to_o excite_v motion_n in_o they_o i_o let_v in_o the_o air_n and_o then_o they_o begin_v to_o move_v and_o be_v observe_v to_o move_v the_o next_o morning_n experiment_n ii_o several_a ordinary_a fly_n and_o a_o bee_n or_o wasp_n lay_v as_o if_o dead_a in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n except_o some_o which_o for_o a_o few_o minute_n be_v convulsive_a after_o 48_o hour_n they_o neither_o recover_v when_o expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n nor_o the_o meridian_n sun_n experiment_n iii_o a_o great_a flesh_n fly_v be_v put_v into_o a_o portable_a receiver_n be_v very_o brisk_a and_o lively_a till_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v off_o but_o then_o be_v take_v with_o convulsion_n the_o air_n be_v let_v in_o again_o she_o recover_v but_o it_o be_v a_o second_o time_n exhaust_v she_o lay_v as_o dead_a till_o the_o glass_n be_v stir_v and_o then_o she_o move_v a_o little_a the_o next_o night_n after_o neither_o heat_n nor_o any_o thing_n else_o will_v recover_v she_o of_o a_o long_a time_n but_o at_o the_o last_o when_o she_o be_v well_o be_v shut_v up_o again_o 48_o hour_n and_o place_v in_o a_o warm_a place_n she_o grow_v so_o ill_a as_o to_o be_v past_a recovery_n experiment_n iu._n a_o grass-hopper_n who_o body_n be_v a_o inch_n long_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o oval_a receiver_n large_a enough_o to_o hold_v a_o pint_n when_o the_o pump_n be_v first_o ply_v he_o be_v very_o uneasy_a and_o several_a liquid_a drop_n come_v from_o his_o abdomen_fw-la to_o the_o quantity_n of_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o spoonful_n when_o the_o receiver_n be_v pretty_a well_o exhaust_v he_o fall_v on_o his_o back_n and_o lay_v as_o dead_a but_o the_o receiver_n be_v place_v in_o the_o sunshine_n he_o move_v a_o little_a and_o soon_o after_o lay_v as_o dead_a 3_o hour_n but_o the_o receiver_n be_v open_v and_o place_v after_o he_o seem_v dead_a half_n a_o hour_n some_o time_n in_o the_o sun_n beam_n in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o recover_v experiment_n v._n a_o rose-flie_a be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n struggle_v much_o whilst_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v but_o in_o 6_o hour_n time_n seem_v dead_a the_o receiver_n be_v open_v four_o hour_n after_o the_o beetle_n be_v lively_a enough_o the_o receiver_n be_v a_o second_o time_n exhaust_v the_o animal_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n seem_v much_o disquiet_v experiment_n vi._n several_a butterfly_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la be_v not_o able_a to_o fly_v in_o so_o thin_a a_o medium_fw-la but_o when_o the_o receiver_n be_v invert_v will_v fall_v from_o one_o end_n to_o another_o rude_o enough_o title_n xx._n of_o the_o necessity_n of_o air_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o such_o small_a creature_n as_o aunt_n and_o even_a mite_n themselves_o animal_n air_n requisite_a to_o the_o life_n of_o very_a minute_n animal_n have_v be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la in_o seven_o hour_n time_n seem_v dead_a but_o the_o receiver_n be_v open_v about_o 14_o
mercury_n so_o easy_o the_o rarefy_v air_n will_v rather_o penetrate_v than_o buoy_n it_o up_o suction_n the_o reason_n of_o suction_n to_o show_v in_o opposition_n to_o mr._n hobbs_n how_o much_o the_o atmospherical_a air_n be_v concern_v in_o suction_n we_o take_v a_o glass_n bubble_n who_o long_a stem_n be_v cylindrical_a and_o very_a slender_a and_o have_v by_o the_o help_n of_o heat_n expel_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o it_o when_o by_o immerge_v it_o in_o water_n that_o rarefy_v air_n which_o remain_v in_o it_o be_v condense_v the_o water_n be_v almost_o raise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o pipe_n when_o this_o be_v do_v the_o air_n in_o the_o bubble_n be_v rarify_v it_o force_v out_o almost_o all_o the_o water_n in_o the_o stem_n only_o a_o few_o drop_n which_o satisfy_v we_o that_o none_o of_o the_o rarefy_v air_n have_v get_v out_o of_o the_o pipe_n as_o the_o depression_n of_o the_o water_n so_o low_o assure_v we_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o the_o include_v air_n be_v almost_o as_o much_o expand_v as_o when_o the_o water_n begin_v to_o ascend_v into_o the_o pipe_n when_o the_o air_n be_v thus_o rarify_v we_o present_o remove_v the_o pipe_n out_o of_o the_o water_n into_o the_o stagant_a mercury_n which_o ascend_v into_o it_o in_o a_o short_a time_n in_o which_o experiment_n do_v the_o mercury_n rise_v to_o prevent_v a_o vacuum_n or_o do_v its_o ascent_n depend_v on_o any_o internal_a principle_n of_o motion_n or_o on_o the_o compression_n and_o propagate_v pulsion_n of_o the_o air_n that_o be_v expel_v there_o will_v be_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o mercury_n shall_v not_o rise_v as_o high_a as_o the_o water_n but_o from_o our_o hypothesis_n the_o reason_n be_v plain_a for_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n or_o mercury_n together_o with_o the_o compress_v air_n be_v equiponderant_a with_o the_o atmosphere_n incumbent_a it_o rise_v no_o high_o so_o that_o though_o the_o air_n be_v less_o condense_v when_o the_o tube_n be_v immerse_v in_o mercury_n yet_o the_o great_a weight_n of_o mercury_n make_v a_o great_a resistance_n than_o water_n the_o external_a air_n be_v not_o able_a to_o buoy_v it_o up_o any_o high_a to_o compress_v the_o air_n enclose_v and_o this_o experiment_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o follow_a for_o have_v expel_v a_o little_a air_n out_o of_o the_o bubble_n by_o heat_n so_o much_o quicksilver_n ascend_v into_o it_o as_o fill_v a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o pipe_n which_o be_v careful_o remove_v so_o that_o no_o mercury_n can_v run_v out_o we_o cause_v the_o air_n in_o the_o globous_a part_n to_o be_v rarify_v till_o almost_o all_o the_o mercury_n be_v expel_v the_o end_n of_o the_o pipe_n be_v all_o the_o while_n immerse_v in_o water_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o air_n include_v begin_v to_o cool_v the_o water_n rise_v up_o into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o ball_n buoy_v up_o the_o mercury_n before_o it_o whereit_n be_v observe_v that_o as_o the_o air_n be_v more_o or_o less_o rarify_v and_o the_o quicksilver_n exepl_v out_o of_o the_o stem_n the_o ascent_n of_o the_o water_n will_v proportionable_o vary_v so_o that_o as_o the_o body_n to_o be_v buoy_v up_o by_o the_o external_n air_n vary_v in_o weight_n so_o do_v the_o degree_n of_o its_o ascent_n another_o observation_n which_o show_v that_o there_o be_v no_o circulation_n of_o wind_n such_o as_o mr._n hobbs_n suppose_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o suction_n be_v that_o smoak_n will_v ascend_v without_o be_v in_o the_o least_o blow_v about_o but_o since_o mr._n hobbs_n will_v not_o allow_v of_o a_o vacuum_n but_o assert_n that_o the_o air_n make_v its_o way_n through_o the_o close_a and_o solid_a body_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v expel_v the_o air_n by_o rarefaction_n out_o of_o a_o very_a thin_a aeopile_n and_o stop_v the_o orifice_n up_o with_o wax_n the_o external_n air_n make_v such_o a_o violent_a pressure_n on_o it_o as_o to_o thrust_v the_o side_n of_o it_o considerable_o inward_o chap._n vii_o the_o cause_n of_o attraction_n by_o suction_n what_o attraction_n what_o suction_n be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o attraction_n before_o i_o descend_v to_o a_o more_o particular_a consideration_n of_o the_o former_a i_o shall_v premise_v something_o of_o the_o latter_a and_o though_o attraction_n be_v general_o take_v to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o pulsion_n yet_o both_o of_o they_o to_o i_o seem_v to_o be_v but_o extrinsical_a denomination_n of_o the_o same_o local_a motion_n in_o which_o if_o a_o body_n move_v precede_v the_o movent_fw-la or_o tend_v to_o acquire_v a_o great_a distance_n from_o it_o we_o call_v it_o pulsion_n and_o if_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o motion_n the_o same_o body_n either_o follow_v or_o tend_v towards_o the_o movent_fw-la it_o be_v term_v attraction_n so_o that_o the_o difference_n be_v no_o physical_a one_o but_o only_o accidental_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o line_n of_o motion_n to_o the_o movent_fw-la as_o when_o a_o man_n draw_v a_o chain_n after_o he_o though_o he_o go_v before_o it_o yet_o he_o have_v some_o part_n of_o his_o body_n behind_o one_o link_n which_o draw_v the_o rest_n after_o it_o and_o so_o if_o that_o chain_n draw_v any_o thing_n after_o it_o though_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o attraction_n go_v before_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a cohesion_n of_o part_n that_o enable_v it_o to_o drag_v that_o body_n after_o it_o so_o that_o attraction_n evident_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o species_n of_o pulsion_n and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v usual_o term_a trusion_n as_o when_o a_o gardener_n drive_v his_o wheelbarrow_n before_o he_o without_o let_v go_v his_o hold._n but_o perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o there_o be_v attraction_n where_o it_o can_v be_v pretend_v that_o the_o attrahent_fw-la come_v behind_o any_o part_n of_o the_o body_n attract_v as_o in_o magnetical_a and_o electrical_a attraction_n or_o as_o when_o water_n rise_v by_o pump_v as_o for_o the_o two_o first_o instance_n shall_v we_o allow_v with_o modern_a philosopher_n of_o screw_v particle_n and_o other_o magnetical_a emission_n we_o may_v say_v that_o these_o come_n behind_o either_o the_o body_n attract_v or_o it_o be_v porous_a part_n on_o its_o superficies_n may_v cause_v such_o a_o effect_n or_o by_o procure_v some_o discussion_n of_o the_o air_n that_o may_v make_v it_o thrust_v the_o movable_a towards_o the_o attract_v body_n but_o be_v there_o none_o of_o these_o nor_o any_o other_o subtle_a agent_n that_o cause_n this_o motion_n by_o a_o real_a though_o unperceived_a pulsion_n i_o shall_v to_o distinguish_v these_o from_o other_o attraction_n term_v they_o attraction_n by_o invisibles_n but_o as_o for_o the_o last_o instance_n i_o suppose_v it_o will_v be_v easy_o grant_v that_o the_o ascend_a rammer_n only_o make_v way_n for_o the_o water_n to_o rise_v as_o it_o be_v buoy_v up_o by_o external_n air_n for_o from_o the_o torrecellian_a experiment_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o since_o the_o terraqueous_a globe_n be_v continual_o press_v upon_o by_o the_o atmosphere_n if_o in_o any_o part_n that_o pressure_n be_v take_v off_o the_o incumbent_n atmospherical_a pillar_n will_v buoy_v up_o as_o much_o of_o that_o liquor_n as_o a_o pillar_n of_o air_n of_o such_o a_o diameter_n be_v able_a to_o counterpoise_v the_o truth_n of_o which_o be_v further_o confirm_v by_o observe_v that_o if_o the_o air_n from_o about_o a_o syringe_n be_v exhaust_v the_o sucker_n may_v be_v pull_v up_o without_o elevate_a the_o water_n or_o draw_v it_o up_o after_o it_o and_o indeed_o suppose_v two_o man_n by_o thrust_v equal_o on_o each_o side_n a_o door_n to_o keep_v it_o shut_v one_o may_v as_o well_o say_v that_o he_o that_o leave_v off_o thrust_v on_o one_o side_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o door_n open_v as_o that_o the_o water_n rise_v by_o the_o draw_v up_o the_o rammer_n which_o only_o give_v way_n to_o the_o water_n as_o buoy_v up_o by_o the_o external_n air._n thus_o much_o be_v say_v of_o attraction_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o consider_v exanune_v the_o cause_n of_o suction_n as_o lay_v down_o by_o other_o exanune_v that_o species_n of_o it_o call_v suction_n for_o which_o several_a philosopher_n have_v think_v on_o various_a cause_n as_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n which_o be_v it_o true_a water_n by_o suction_n may_v be_v raise_v to_o any_o height_n but_o we_o have_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v raise_v above_o 33_o ½_n foot_n which_o weight_n the_o atmosphere_n be_v able_a to_o buoy_v up_o as_o appear_v from_o the_o torrecellian_a experiment_n and_o further_o from_o a_o experiment_n elsewhere_o lay_v down_o where_o though_o water_n may_v present_o be_v suck_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o a_o pipe_n 3_o foot_n long_o yet_o
mercury_n be_v too_o heavy_a to_o be_v buoy_v up_o so_o high_a it_o will_v not_o be_v elevate_v high_a than_o a_o atmospherical_a cylinder_n be_v able_a to_o raise_v it_o but_o those_o modern_a philosopher_n who_o allow_v not_o a_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la ascribe_v the_o ascent_n of_o such_o liquor_n to_o a_o impulse_n or_o propagation_n of_o motion_n by_o the_o dilation_n of_o the_o thorax_n for_o they_o think_v that_o the_o lung_n draw_v in_o the_o air_n the_o dilate_a thorax_n propagate_v the_o impulse_n till_o it_o reach_v successive_o the_o body_n suck_v for_o such_o think_v the_o universe_n total_o a_o plenum_fw-la think_v that_o such_o matter_n not_o find_v any_o other_o place_n to_o move_v into_o do_v upon_o that_o score_n buoy_v up_o the_o water_n or_o mercury_n in_o the_o pipe_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v how_o vast_a the_o dimension_n of_o the_o air_n be_v and_o comparative_o how_o inconsiderable_a a_o impulse_n the_o thorax_n by_o dilate_v can_v make_v it_o will_v scarce_o be_v think_v that_o so_o slight_a a_o one_o will_v compress_v the_o whole_a air_n so_o much_o as_o to_o make_v it_o impel_v the_o body_n suck_v vigorous_o enough_o to_o rise_v to_o that_o height_n which_o liquor_n may_v be_v raise_v to_o by_o suction_n but_o the_o ascent_n of_o such_o liquor_n evident_o depend_v on_o this_o that_o by_o suction_n the_o pressure_n be_v take_v off_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n within_o the_o pipe_n and_o consequent_o it_o must_v rise_v and_o be_v buoy_v up_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n on_o the_o stagnant_a water_n to_o countenance_v my_o opinion_n and_o to_o refute_v the_o other_o i_o have_v mention_v i_o shall_v offer_v the_o follow_a experiment_n viz._n a_o small_a bubble_n with_o a_o stem_n be_v seal_v up_o when_o the_o air_n be_v force_v out_o by_o rarefaction_n the_o stem_n be_v break_v under_o water_n upon_o which_o the_o water_n rush_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o bubble_n where_o if_o it_o be_v say_v to_o go_v into_o the_o bubble_n to_o prevent_v a_o vacuum_n those_o that_o say_v so_o allow_v dari_fw-la vacuum_n and_o subvert_v their_o own_o principle_n and_o as_o for_o the_o plenist_n upon_o the_o same_o account_n we_o may_v ask_v they_o what_o become_v of_o that_o air_n which_o be_v expel_v out_o of_o the_o bubble_n and_o remain_v so_o till_o the_o stem_n be_v break_v since_o be_v the_o world_n a_o absolute_a plenum_fw-la before_o there_o can_v be_v no_o room_n for_o it_o without_o nor_o can_v there_o be_v such_o a_o empty_a space_n within_o to_o receive_v the_o water_n beside_o if_o they_o say_v the_o external_a air_n be_v condense_v and_o compress_v by_o that_o which_o be_v force_v out_o of_o the_o bubble_n occasion_n the_o re-ingress_n of_o water_n when_o the_o stem_n be_v break_v off_o it_o may_v just_o be_v wonder_v that_o a_o cubic_n inch_n of_o air_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o condense_a the_o air_n so_o much_o that_o a_o mile_n distance_n from_o the_o place_n the_o bubble_n be_v evacuate_v in_o it_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o press_v the_o water_n thus_o in_o again_o but_o by_o our_o hypothesis_n it_o be_v account_v for_o without_o these_o difficulty_n since_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o rarify_v air_n within_o the_o bubble_n be_v disproportionable_a to_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o less_o rarify_v ambient_fw-la air_n it_o must_v consequent_o yield_v to_o it_o and_o give_v way_n to_o the_o ingress_n of_o water_n prove_v our_o own_o opinion_n propose_v and_o prove_v from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o plain_o appear_v what_o our_o hypothesis_n be_v which_o that_o i_o may_v confirm_v by_o the_o follow_a experiment_n i_o shall_v brief_o intimate_v that_o the_o ascent_n of_o liquor_n by_o suction_n in_o a_o word_n depend_v on_o the_o external_n pressure_n of_o the_o air_n when_o it_o be_v take_v off_o the_o internal_a superficies_n of_o the_o liquor_n in_o that_o tube_n what_o that_o pressure_n depend_v on_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o prove_v in_o our_o physicomechanical_a experiment_n of_o the_o air_n be_v spring_n and_o weight_n and_o therefore_o shall_v proceed_v to_o experiment_n to_o confirm_v what_o we_o teach_v of_o suction_n we_o take_v then_o a_o crooked_a syphon_n who_o short_a leg_n be_v parallel_v to_o the_o long_o which_o be_v hermetical_o seal_v and_o so_o much_o water_n convey_v into_o the_o crooked_a end_n that_o it_o be_v of_o a_o equal_a height_n in_o both_o leg_n so_o much_o air_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o short_a leg_n as_o possess_v a_o inch_n and_o ½_n the_o instrument_n be_v thus_o prepare_v one_o be_v order_v to_o suck_v at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o long_a leg_n and_o by_o all_o the_o force_n and_o reiterated_a suction_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o raise_v the_o water_n high_o than_o the_o air_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n depress_v the_o surface_n of_o that_o for_o when_o the_o spring_n of_o that_o air_n be_v so_o far_o weaken_a that_o it_o can_v not_o depress_v the_o water_n subjacent_a the_o water_n keep_v at_o the_o same_o station_n be_v not_o above_o four_o inch_n high_a which_o be_v not_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_o high_a than_o at_o first_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o external_n pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v again_o admit_v to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o long_a tube_n it_o be_v present_o depress_v and_o the_o air_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n condense_v till_o the_o water_n likewise_o rise_v in_o that_o to_o its_o first_o station_n for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o our_o hypothesis_n about_o suction_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v experiment_n to_o prove_v the_o follow_a proposition_n proposition_n our_o hypothesis_n reduce_v to_o proposition_n i._o that_o a_o liquor_n may_v be_v raise_v by_o suction_n when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n neither_o as_o it_o have_v weight_n nor_o elastacity_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o elevation_n ii_o that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmospherical_a air_n be_v sufficient_a to_o raise_v up_o liquor_n by_o suction_n iii_o that_o in_o some_o case_n suction_n will_v not_o be_v make_v as_o according_a to_o the_o hypothesis_n i_o dissent_v from_o it_o shall_v although_o there_o be_v a_o dilatation_n of_o the_o sucker_n thorax_n and_o no_o danger_n of_o a_o vacuum_n though_o the_o liquor_n shall_v ascend_v prove_v the_o first_o proposition_n prove_v to_o make_v out_o the_o first_o proposition_n i_o make_v the_o follow_a experiment_n viz._n i_o take_v a_o invert_v tube_n such_o as_o be_v former_o make_v use_n of_o for_o a_o travel_a baroscope_n but_o something_o long_o which_o be_v fill_v with_o mercury_n it_o be_v invert_v and_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n stand_v above_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n as_o high_a as_o it_o usual_o do_v in_o a_o ordinary_a barometer_n and_o then_o one_o be_v order_v to_o suck_v at_o the_o short_a leg_n upon_o which_o the_o mercury_n subside_v in_o the_o long_o and_z rise_v in_o the_o short_a the_o mercury_n in_o the_o long_o by_o its_o own_o weight_n depress_v the_o subjacent_a and_o raise_v that_o when_o the_o equivalent_a weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v take_v off_o prove_v the_o second_o proposition_n prove_v as_o for_o the_o second_o proposition_n lay_v down_o viz._n that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n be_v sufficient_a to_o raise_v liquor_n in_o suction_n it_o may_v easy_o be_v prove_v by_o argument_n draw_v from_o our_o physicomechanical_a experiment_n and_o therefore_o here_o i_o shall_v only_o take_v notice_n of_o phaenomena_n exhibit_v by_o our_o travel_a baroscope_n for_o have_v get_v a_o baroscope_n who_o short_a leg_n be_v something_o long_a than_o ordinary_a we_o cause_v one_o by_o suction_n to_o raise_v the_o mercury_n up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o then_o hermetical_o seal_v it_o up_o we_o mark_v the_o place_n to_o which_o the_o mercury_n have_v subside_v in_o the_o long_o which_o be_v do_v we_o unseal_v the_o short_a leg_n and_o observe_v that_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n elevate_v the_o mercury_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n 5_o inch_n confirm_v the_o three_o confirm_v for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o doctrine_n lay_v down_o in_o this_o proposition_n i_o shall_v subjoun_v the_o follow_a experiment_n we_o make_v use_v of_o a_o travel_a baroscope_n who_o short_a leg_n be_v 2_o inch_n above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o stagnant_a mercury_n and_o have_v seal_v up_o the_o end_n of_o the_o short_a leg_n we_o open_v the_o end_n of_o the_o long_o upon_o which_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v add_v to_o the_o pressure_n make_v by_o the_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n the_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o short_a leg_n be_v compress_v into_o half_a the_o space_n it_o possess_v before_o this_o experiment_n be_v try_v a_o second_o time_n have_v the_o like_a success_n to_o
make_v it_o further_o appear_v how_o much_o the_o ascent_n of_o liquor_n depend_v on_o pressure_n i_o take_v a_o glass_n syphon_n like_o the_o former_a and_o have_v hermetical_o seal_v up_o the_o short_a leg_n i_o pour_v in_o so_o much_o mercury_n as_o compress_v the_o air_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n into_o half_a the_o space_n it_o possess_v before_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n about_o 30_o inch_n high_o than_o in_o the_o other_o nevertheless_o the_o mercury_n can_v not_o be_v raise_v by_o suction_n above_o one_o inch_n high_o in_o the_o long_a leg_n whereas_o do_v the_o ascent_n of_o liquor_n depend_v on_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n it_o will_v have_v rose_n much_o high_o there_o be_v no_o danger_n of_o leave_v a_o vacuum_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n since_o the_o air_n be_v compress_v into_o half_a the_o space_n it_o natural_o possess_v so_o that_o the_o reason_n according_a to_o our_o hypothesis_n evident_o appear_v to_o be_v this_o viz._n that_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n and_o the_o compress_v air_n be_v in_o a_o due_a aequilibrium_fw-la when_o by_o suck_v the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o long_o the_o air_n in_o the_o short_a expand_n itself_o so_o much_o as_o pressure_n be_v take_v off_o by_o the_o removal_n of_o that_o air_n and_o when_o it_o be_v expanded_a so_o far_o the_o pillar_n of_o mercury_n keep_v it_o from_o expand_v any_o further_a so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o force_n to_o raise_v and_o press_v the_o mercury_n up_o it_o can_v be_v elevate_v no_o high_o since_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o short_a leg_n act_v only_o by_o virtue_n of_o its_o spring_n and_o not_o as_o in_o the_o open_a atmosphere_n by_o virtue_n of_o its_o spring_n and_o weight_n too_o so_o when_o it_o have_v lose_v its_o spring_n it_o can_v propel_v the_o mercury_n no_o high_o to_o conclude_v this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v here_o explain_v one_o phaenomenon_n in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it which_o to_o some_o seem_v a_o argument_n of_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n the_o phaenomenon_n be_v that_o if_o one_o finger_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o pipe_n that_o convey_v air_n from_o the_o receiver_n to_o the_o pump_n the_o pulp_n of_o one_o finger_n will_v enter_v a_o good_a way_n into_o the_o pipe_n and_o be_v very_o painful_a the_o protuberant_a part_n of_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v draw_v in_o by_o attraction_n to_o which_o we_o give_v this_o brief_a answer_n viz._n that_o when_o first_o the_o finger_n be_v place_v there_o it_o receive_v a_o equal_a pressure_n from_o the_o air_n within_o the_o pipe_n and_o from_o the_o atmosphere_n but_o when_o that_o air_n be_v draw_v away_o the_o external_n pressure_n find_v no_o resistance_n press_v the_o fleshy_a part_n into_o the_o tube_n which_o be_v according_o painful_a as_o the_o external_n pressure_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o internal_a resistance_n be_v great_a or_o less_o to_o illustrate_v this_o explication_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v close_v up_o one_o end_n of_o a_o glass_n pipe_n who_o diameter_n be_v a_o inch_n with_o a_o piece_n of_o oil_a bladder_n and_o fill_v it_o full_a of_o water_n it_o be_v immerse_v in_o a_o tall_a vessel_n full_a of_o water_n the_o immersed_a end_n of_o the_o tube_n reach_v almost_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o other_o end_v emerge_v and_o stand_v open_a above_o the_o vessel_n this_o be_v do_v we_o take_v water_n out_o of_o the_o tube_n till_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o be_v considerable_o low_a than_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o glass_n body_n upon_o which_o the_o bladder_n be_v more_o strong_o press_v against_o by_o the_o water_n in_o the_o vessel_n than_o that_o in_o the_o tube_n the_o bladder_n be_v force_v so_o much_o into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tube_n as_o to_o form_v a_o semi-globe_n but_o if_o when_o the_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n and_o that_o in_o the_o vessel_n be_v equal_o poise_v the_o uppermost_a orifice_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v stop_v though_o the_o pipe_n be_v so_o much_o immerse_v that_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n which_o press_v against_o the_o low_a side_n of_o the_o bladder_n be_v great_a than_o that_o in_o the_o tube_n yet_o will_v not_o the_o bladder_n have_v the_o least_o protuberance_n but_o if_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v leave_v open_a to_o the_o air_n the_o bladder_n will_v sudden_o be_v press_v so_o much_o into_o the_o hollow_a of_o the_o pipe_n that_o it_o be_v convex_a superficies_n will_v represent_v a_o semicircle_n the_o same_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o a_o tube_n the_o low_a end_n of_o which_o be_v so_o bend_v as_o to_o form_v a_o right_a angle_n the_o success_n be_v the_o same_o nor_o do_v it_o vary_v when_o try_v in_o the_o straight_a pipe_n with_o wine_n instead_o of_o water_n save_v that_o wine_n not_o be_v specifical_o aeque-ponderant_a with_o water_n a_o great_a quantity_n of_o wine_n be_v requisite_a to_o settle_v they_o at_o first_o in_o a_o just_a aequilibrium_fw-la but_o when_o that_o aequilibrium_fw-la be_v lose_v by_o immerge_v the_o tube_n into_o the_o water_n the_o bladder_n be_v raise_v so_o as_o to_o become_v protuberant_a in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o pipe_n chap._n viii_o some_o observation_n and_o direction_n about_o the_o barometer_n communicate_v by_o mr._n boyle_n in_o the_o phil._n transact_v of_o april_n 1666._o barometer_n observation_n concern_v barometer_n the_o design_n of_o try_v barometrical_a experiment_n in_o several_a part_n be_v only_o that_o by_o compare_v note_n the_o extent_n of_o atmospherical_a change_n in_o point_n of_o weight_n may_v be_v the_o better_o estimate_v i_o shall_v lay_v down_o the_o follow_a direction_n for_o those_o who_o curiosity_n lead_v they_o that_o way_n first_o it_o will_v be_v requisite_a to_o note_v the_o day_n and_o hour_n in_o which_o observation_n be_v make_v second_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o barometer_n stand_v as_o to_o height_n since_o by_o the_o length_n of_o the_o atmosperical_a pillar_n of_o air_n that_o press_v upon_o it_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n may_v vary_v though_o not_o always_o exact_o for_o sometime_o upon_o change_n in_o the_o air_n not_o otherwise_o observable_a the_o mercury_n will_v subside_v more_o than_o usual_o in_o that_o which_o stand_v further_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o do_v not_o proportionable_o subside_o in_o that_o which_o be_v place_v in_o a_o low_a situation_n and_o it_o perhaps_o may_v be_v worth_a note_v whether_o upon_o excessive_a drought_n when_o the_o ground_n be_v parch_v and_o crack_v some_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la may_v not_o rise_v which_o may_v add_v a_o specific_a gravity_n to_o the_o air._n nor_o will_v it_o be_v needless_a when_o other_o observation_n be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o observe_v the_o wether_n as_o also_o what_o wind_n blow_v and_o whether_o violent_a or_o more_o remiss_a for_o sometime_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o high_a wind_n blow_v the_o mercury_n be_v the_o low_a though_o not_o always_o but_o to_o favour_v what_o have_v be_v intimate_v viz._n that_o the_o alteration_n in_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n depend_v on_o subterraneal_a steam_n mix_v with_o it_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o after_o long_a drought_n upon_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n so_o many_o steam_n have_v be_v either_o prevent_v from_o rise_v or_o depress_v and_o precipitate_v that_o the_o mercury_n have_v subside_v within_o 2_o 16_o of_o a_o inch._n chp._n ix_o a_o account_n of_o a_o new_a kind_n of_o baroseope_n which_o may_v be_v call_v statical_a communicate_v in_o the_o philosophical_a transaction_n of_o july_n 2._o 1666._o describe_v a_o new_a baroscope_n describe_v have_v cause_v a_o glass_n bubble_n to_o be_v blow_v as_o large_a and_o thin_a as_o it_o possible_o can_v be_v i_o counterpoise_v it_o in_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n which_o will_v turn_v with_o the_o 30_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n which_o balance_n be_v suspend_v at_o a_o frame_n both_o the_o frame_n and_o the_o balance_n be_v place_v by_o a_o good_a baroscope_n from_o whence_o the_o present_a weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n may_v be_v learn_v by_o which_o mean_v i_o can_v discern_v variation_n by_o which_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v not_o alter_v above_o ¼_n of_o a_o inch._n and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a pleasant_a to_o behold_v that_o sometime_o the_o bubble_n will_v be_v counterpoise_v but_o when_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v very_o high_a it_o will_v manifest_o preponderate_v and_o upon_o other_o change_v the_o scale_n will_v preponderate_v on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o in_o some_o day_n time_n again_o regain_v its_o aequilibrium_fw-la so_o that_o by_o look_v
poison_n and_o in_o some_o a_o faintness_n and_o dispiritedness_n according_a to_o the_o testimony_n of_o several_a physician_n and_o that_o mineral_n expiration_n may_v cause_v a_o determinate_a distemper_n we_o may_v learn_v from_o a_o observation_n of_o i_o which_o be_v that_o a_o chemist_n rub_v very_o often_o red_a arsenic_n in_o a_o mortar_n and_o endeavour_v to_o make_v a_o excellent_a medicine_n of_o it_o first_o complain_v to_o i_o of_o a_o difficulty_n of_o breathe_v and_o sometime_o of_o pain_n and_o tumour_n in_o his_o testicle_n and_o it_o will_v not_o be_v very_o much_o doubt_v whether_o mineral_n effluvia_fw-la penetrate_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n or_o not_o by_o those_o that_o shall_v know_v that_o the_o fume_n of_o sulphur_n be_v so_o penetrate_v that_o at_o the_o picinino_n of_o teneriff_n they_o blacken_v silver_n in_o the_o pocket_n of_o those_o that_o go_v up_o to_o it_o i_o make_v a_o preparation_n of_o sulphur_n which_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la so_o powerful_a in_o the_o cold_a that_o they_o penetrate_v a_o leathern_a purse_n and_o discolour_a silver_n contain_v in_o it_o but_o beside_o the_o forementioned_a effect_n of_o vapour_n on_o the_o picinino_n of_o teneriff_n i_o be_v tell_v that_o one_o that_o ascend_v that_o mountain_n have_v the_o colour_n of_o his_o hair_n alter_v before_o he_o come_v down_o again_o which_o argue_v the_o power_n of_o mineral_n effluvia_fw-la to_o penetrate_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n but_o lest_o it_o shall_v be_v question_v by_o some_o whether_o such_o mineral_n effluvia_fw-la will_v not_o be_v consume_v and_o cease_v in_o less_o time_n than_o endemical_a disease_n be_v continue_v in_o one_o place_n i_o shall_v imtimate_v that_o i_o think_v several_a subterraneal_a body_n may_v have_v a_o power_n of_o propagate_a their_o virtue_n to_o matter_n contiguous_a to_o they_o by_o some_o seminal_a principle_n or_o something_o analogous_a to_o a_o ferment_n or_o by_o bring_v some_o more_o crude_a mineral_n earth_n gradual_o and_o successive_o to_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o maturity_n and_o perfection_n for_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o in_o tract_n of_o time_n a_o mineral_n may_v be_v obtain_v from_o a_o earth_n which_o at_o another_o time_n it_o can_v not_o be_v obtain_v from_o which_o observation_n hold_v as_o to_o nitre_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o catholic_n fossils_n and_o most_o plentiful_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la beside_o though_o mineral_n effluvia_fw-la in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n discoverable_a by_o we_o shall_v be_v consume_v i_o see_v not_o why_o supply_n may_v not_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n indeed_o consider_v how_o close_o the_o matter_n of_o mineral_n be_v crowd_v together_o and_o how_o long_a magnet_n sever_v from_o their_o mine_n emit_fw-la effluvia_fw-la without_o a_o sensible_a diminution_n the_o stock_n of_o mineral_n earth_n from_o whence_o they_o flow_v can_v be_v think_v sudden_o to_o be_v exhaust_v for_o a_o effluviate_a power_n be_v so_o durable_a that_o one_o have_v a_o perfume_a watch_n which_o though_o constant_o wear_v preserve_v its_o scent_n 16_o year_n and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n can_v perfume_v marble_n quite_o through_o so_o that_o they_o retain_v their_o scent_n a_o long_a time_n but_o before_o i_o leave_v this_o second_o proposition_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n that_o noxious_a effluvia_fw-la may_n cause_n distemper_n not_o only_o by_o respiration_n and_o penetrate_v the_o pore_n of_o our_o body_n but_o by_o impregnate_v the_o water_n make_v use_v of_o for_o prepare_v and_o dilute_v our_o aliment_n without_o any_o sensible_a alteration_n in_o the_o water_n to_o be_v discern_v by_o we_o so_o water_n by_o a_o infusion_n of_o crocus_n metallorum_fw-la become_v emetic_n and_o indeed_o sometime_o those_o effluvia_fw-la be_v so_o numerous_a that_o in_o the_o border_n of_o lancashire_n the_o mud_n in_o a_o ditch_n be_v so_o strong_o impregnate_v with_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n that_o at_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o water_n they_o will_v take_v fire_n and_o flame_n like_o a_o candle_n but_o beside_o that_o distemper_n may_v be_v propagate_v by_o these_o subtle_a effluvia_fw-la impregnate_v water_n they_o may_v be_v also_o prejudicial_a in_o as_o much_o as_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o nutriment_n of_o plant_n they_o may_v deprave_v their_o juice_n and_o consequent_o make_v they_o unfit_a to_o be_v eat_v and_o that_o mineral_n effluvia_fw-la may_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n deprave_v and_o influence_n the_o substance_n of_o plant_n in_o their_o growth_n be_v confirm_v by_o some_o who_o have_v note_v that_o oak_n grow_v in_o ground_n which_o abound_v with_o vitriolate_a mine_n be_v much_o more_o heavy_a and_o solid_a than_o other_o and_o these_o effluvia_fw-la be_v sometime_o so_o numerous_a and_o crowd_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o plant_n as_o not_o to_o be_v overcome_v and_o concoct_v by_o the_o ferment_n of_o the_o plant_n but_o to_o keep_v their_o own_o nature_n for_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o a_o vine_n near_o paris_n several_a marchasitical_a particle_n throughout_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o root_n and_o trunk_n and_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v that_o at_o tockay_n in_o hungary_n the_o very_a kernel_n of_o the_o grape_n be_v as_o if_o it_o be_v gild_n over_o with_o leaf_n gold_n but_o beside_o the_o aforementioned_a way_n by_o which_o our_o body_n may_v be_v affect_v with_o noxious_a effluvium_n we_o may_v not_o a_o little_a suffer_v by_o the_o deprave_a humour_n which_o some_o animal_n we_o feed_v upon_o be_v nourish_v by_o and_o which_o vitiate_v their_o body_n primary_o and_o secondary_o we_o as_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o appear_v that_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la may_n cause_n distemper_n so_o it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o possible_o in_o some_o measure_n mineral_n effluvia_fw-la may_v prevent_v distemper_n for_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o several_a part_n of_o scotland_n be_v free_a from_o ague_n and_o that_o very_o hot_a and_o large_a region_n in_o the_o east-indies_n be_v rare_o trouble_v with_o the_o plague_n nor_o be_v it_o less_o remarkable_a that_o in_o ireland_n the_o air_n be_v impregnate_v with_o such_o sort_n of_o emanation_n as_o prevent_v the_o generation_n of_o any_o venomous_a creature_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a instance_n from_o beguinus_n in_o his_o own_o word_n who_o say_v dignum_fw-la admiratione_n est_fw-la quod_fw-la quamvis_fw-la in_o vicinia_fw-la hydriae_fw-la comitatus_fw-la gloricensis_fw-la ubi_fw-la reperitur_fw-la copiosè_fw-la ☿_o singulis_fw-la fere_n annis_fw-la lues_fw-la pestifera_fw-la grassatur_fw-la illa_fw-la tamen_fw-la semper_fw-la immunis_fw-la ab_fw-la hac_fw-la manere_fw-la soleat_fw-la idque_fw-la viri_fw-la providae_fw-la aetatis_fw-la se_fw-la observasse_fw-la et_fw-la a_o majoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la accepisse_fw-la mihi_fw-la sancte_fw-la confirmarunt_fw-la to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v further_o that_o the_o learned_a michael_n magerus_n pronounce_v mercury_n a_o antidote_n against_o several_a disease_n and_o particular_o the_o plague_n proposition_n iii_o it_o be_v likely_a 3._o proposition_n 3._o that_o divers_a epidemical_a disease_n be_v in_o great_a part_n produce_v by_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la though_o several_a epidemical_a distemper_n be_v cause_v by_o manifest_a alteration_n in_o sensible_a quality_n of_o the_o air_n yet_o to_o show_v that_o some_o of_o they_o principal_o and_o other_o partly_o depend_v on_o the_o effect_n of_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la i_o shall_v offer_v the_o follow_a consideration_n and_o first_o the_o structure_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o part_n of_o our_o globe_n which_o be_v not_o much_o below_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o and_o much_o more_o the_o deep_a subterraneal_a region_n be_v so_o plentiful_o stock_v with_o mineral_n substance_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o that_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la ascend_v thence_o into_o the_o air_n may_v cause_v excessive_a heat_n or_o cold_a or_o some_o other_o manifest_a quality_n and_o consequent_o in_o part_n occasion_n most_o epidemical_a disease_n for_o from_o what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v it_o not_o only_o appear_v that_o these_o effluvia_fw-la by_o act_v on_o one_o another_o may_v excite_v sudden_a heat_n but_o also_o that_o mineral_n of_o different_a degree_n of_o maturity_n act_v on_o one_o another_o may_v produce_v a_o intense_a cold._n beside_o the_o change_n of_o the_o air_n on_o which_o epidemical_a disease_n depend_v be_v so_o considerable_a and_o instantaneous_a that_o they_o can_v scarce_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o moon_n which_o be_v too_o regular_a and_o constant_a in_o their_o influence_n to_o cause_v such_o anomalous_a effect_n as_o we_o can_v but_o take_v notice_n of_o in_o a_o few_o year_n time_n but_o be_v rather_o cause_v by_o a_o irruption_n of_o subterraneal_a steam_n which_o be_v frequent_o both_o impetuous_a and_o irregular_a and_o though_o some_o attribute_v they_o to_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o
the_o open_a air_n and_o it_o be_v relate_v by_o a_o noble_a man_n of_o this_o country_n that_o a_o oak_n be_v dug_n out_o of_o a_o rock_n of_o salt_n be_v so_o hard_o that_o iron_n tool_n can_v scarce_o work_v upon_o it_o yet_o in_o three_o or_o four_o day_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n it_o be_v rot_v and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o several_a that_o the_o air_n have_v such_o a_o influence_n on_o diaphoretic_a antimony_n that_o if_o it_o be_v long_o expose_v to_o it_o it_o become_v emetic_n from_o which_o observation_n and_o what_o i_o have_v before_o lay_v down_o concern_v quicklime_n the_o air_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o substance_n capable_a of_o be_v assimilate_v by_o every_o body_n principle_n the_o air_n seem_v to_o consist_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o seminal_a principle_n or_o that_o it_o consist_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o seminal_a corpuscle_n so_o that_o any_o body_n may_v find_v a_o substance_n there_o analogous_fw-la to_o it_o and_o fit_a to_o make_v up_o a_o part_n of_o the_o same_o body_n but_o without_o any_o further_a notice_n of_o this_o odd_a surmise_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a phaenomena_n to_o favour_v my_o suspicion_n the_o first_o be_v that_o though_o the_o juice_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o tree_n junipa_n which_o the_o indian_n use_v to_o black_a their_o face_n to_o make_v they_o more_o formidable_a to_o their_o enemy_n give_v such_o a_o tincture_n that_o it_o can_v be_v wash_v out_o with_o soap_n yet_o the_o air_n abound_v with_o particle_n of_o such_o a_o nature_n that_o it_o disappear_v in_o ten_o day_n time_n though_o i_o suspect_v that_o it_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n depend_v on_o the_o continual_a excretion_n of_o sweat_n through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o skin_n 〈…〉_o damascus_n sâ—…_n 〈…〉_o and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o instrument_n make_v of_o damascus_n steel_n though_o when_o first_o make_v they_o excel_v not_o or_o scarce_o equal_a those_o of_o commoâ—_n 〈◊〉_d yet_o when_o keep_v in_o the_o air_n two_o 〈…〉_o they_o answer_v expectation_n and_o aâ—…_n 〈…〉_o prove_v and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o 〈…〉_o â—…e_o body_n which_o will_v not_o be_v dissolve_v in_o a_o strong_a menstruum_fw-la nor_o lose_v its_o colour_n by_o fusion_n will_v present_o be_v turn_v black_a if_o expose_v to_o the_o air._n colour_n remarkable_a change_n of_o colour_n it_o be_v observe_v in_o blood_n concrete_v that_o the_o black_a internal_a part_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o contact_n of_o the_o air_n become_v florid_n and_o i_o have_v prepare_v a_o factitious_a concrete_a which_o if_o keep_v to_o the_o fire_n or_o seclude_v from_o the_o air_n will_v be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n yet_o in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n it_o will_v turn_v almost_o black_a to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o inquisitive_a person_n prepare_v a_o medicine_n of_o a_o vegetable_a and_o animal_n substance_n which_o at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o year_n will_v be_v coagulate_v in_o a_o viol_n like_o oil_n of_o aniseed_n but_o if_o unstopped_a and_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n it_o will_v present_o dissolve_v again_o and_o recoagulate_v when_o stop_v up_o again_o the_o consideration_n of_o which_o experiment_n may_v tell_v we_o that_o the_o air_n by_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o blood_n by_o respiration_n may_v have_v effect_n not_o inconsiderable_a upon_o it_o in_o carry_v off_o its_o fuliginous_a recrement_n to_o what_o have_v hitherto_o be_v deliver_v in_o favour_n of_o our_o suspicion_n it_o may_v be_v add_v that_o there_o be_v anonymous_n substance_n and_o quality_n in_o the_o air_n to_o countenance_v which_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o those_o various_a and_o odd_a disease_n incident_a both_o to_o man_n and_o beast_n which_o prove_v mortal_a to_o a_o particular_a species_n of_o animal_n and_o in_o particular_a place_n which_o depend_v on_o some_o unknown_a subterraneal_a vapour_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o fernelius_n mention_n a_o plague_n which_o affect_v no_o animal_n but_o cat_n dionysius_n halicarnassus_n take_v notice_n of_o one_o that_o only_o affect_a maid_n whereas_o that_o which_o rage_v in_o the_o time_n of_o gentilis_fw-la seize_v none_o but_o lusty_a man_n and_o bolerus_n give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o another_o which_o only_o affect_v the_o young_a sort_n of_o people_n cardan_n speak_v of_o a_o plague_n at_o brasil_n which_o only_o affect_v the_o swisser_n and_o neither_o the_o italian_n french_a or_o german_n and_o johannes_n vtenhovius_n give_v a_o account_n of_o a_o cruel_a plague_n at_o copenhagen_n which_o only_o rage_v among_o the_o dane_n as_o for_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o disease_n though_o i_o think_v they_o be_v chief_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o subterraneal_a effluvium_n yet_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o the_o particular_a constitution_n of_o man_n be_v concern_v in_o they_o nor_o do_v i_o think_v the_o distemper_n already_o mention_v alone_o depend_v on_o such_o steam_n as_o rise_v from_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o sudor_fw-la anglicus_n in_o the_o 15_o century_n the_o scurvy_a and_o the_o morbus_fw-la hungaricus_n the_o lues_fw-la moraviae_n novus_n morbus_fw-la luneburgensis_fw-la and_o some_o other_o in_o the_o last_o century_n say_v consideration_n draw_v from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v and_o now_o if_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v our_o suspicion_n concern_v subterraneal_a and_o sidereal_a steam_n may_v seem_v not_o ill_o ground_v they_o may_v lead_v we_o to_o consider_v the_o follow_a particular_n 1._o whether_o those_o effect_n which_o be_v sometime_o think_v to_o depend_v on_o the_o immediate_a wrath_n of_o god_n and_o the_o intercourse_n of_o angel_n may_v not_o arise_v from_o these_o steam_n who_o quality_n be_v probable_o heteroclite_n and_o unknown_a since_o we_o see_v that_o there_o be_v several_a steam_n disperse_v through_o the_o atmosphere_n which_o cause_n it_o to_o raise_v mercury_n in_o a_o baroscope_n which_o can_v be_v no_o otherwise_o discover_v but_o by_o the_o effect_n they_o have_v on_o the_o air_n make_v evident_a by_o that_o instrument_n and_o this_o consideration_n have_v sometime_o make_v i_o suspect_n that_o even_o the_o sunbeam_n may_v cause_v a_o manifest_a gravity_n in_o the_o atmosphere_n beside_o that_o which_o they_o do_v by_o virtue_n of_o their_o heat_n and_o it_o may_v be_v worth_a enquiry_n whether_o some_o spot_n in_o the_o sun_n upon_o their_o dissolution_n may_v not_o be_v disperse_v through_o and_o cause_v some_o considerable_a effect_n in_o our_o atmosphere_n at_o least_o in_o its_o gravity_n 2._o it_o will_v not_o seem_v improbable_a that_o some_o body_n have_v peculiar_a disposition_n to_o be_v associate_v with_o those_o exotic_a principle_n which_o arise_v from_o subterraneal_a part_n or_o be_v transmit_v from_o the_o planet_n upon_o which_o disposition_n or_o the_o contrary_a what_o we_o call_v sympathy_n and_o antipathy_n depend_v by_o virtue_n of_o such_o disposition_n a_o burning-glass_n refract_v the_o sunbeam_n and_o the_o sunbeam_n impart_v a_o lucidness_n to_o the_o bolonian_a stone_n and_o that_o the_o steam_n of_o subterraneal_a body_n will_v act_v on_o some_o body_n and_o not_o on_o other_o we_o have_v give_v sufficient_a proof_n 3._o the_o three_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v suggest_v by_o what_o we_o have_v deliver_v be_v whether_o there_o may_v not_o be_v receptacle_n or_o attractive_n of_o syderial_a and_o other_o exotic_a effluvium_n that_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o the_o air_n such_o as_o be_v magnet_n by_o which_o i_o mean_v not_o such_o a_o body_n that_o can_v attract_v foreign_a effluvia_fw-la but_o such_o a_o one_o as_o can_v detain_v they_o when_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o various_a motion_n they_o happen_v to_o come_v near_o such_o a_o magnet_n just_o as_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la draw_v to_o it_o aqueous_a vapour_n and_o embody_v with_o they_o when_o they_o chance_v in_o their_o passage_n through_o the_o air_n to_o come_v near_o it_o but_o a_o great_a resemblance_n of_o the_o magnet_n may_v be_v allow_v to_o some_o body_n than_o what_o be_v here_o mention_v for_o such_o a_o magnet_n may_v not_o only_o by_o a_o juxta-position_n or_o contact_n detain_v the_o effluvium_n that_o will_v glide_v along_o it_o but_o also_o arrest_v those_o subtle_a part_n of_o matter_n by_o a_o kind_n of_o precipitate_v quality_n and_o so_o it_o may_v fetch_v in_o some_o effluvia_fw-la which_o will_v otherwise_o pass_v by_o it_o on_o which_o occasion_n i_o remember_v that_o in_o some_o case_n i_o have_v be_v able_a to_o give_v some_o body_n electrical_a quality_n without_o exciting_a they_o by_o rub_v etc._n etc._n chap._n xxi_o some_o additional_a experiment_n relate_v to_o suspicion_n about_o the_o hide_a quality_n of_o the_o air._n experiment_n i._n air._n experiment_n relate_v to_o occult_a quality_n of_o the_o air._n have_v pour_v water_n upon_o the_o calx_fw-la of_o dantzick_n vitriol_n part_n of_o it_o soon_o
exprimit_fw-la per_fw-la tubum_fw-la c._n d._n primum_fw-la quidem_fw-la vehementius_fw-la subinde_fw-la remissius_fw-la prout_fw-la aeris_fw-la vis_fw-la elastica_fw-la sensim_fw-la conquescit_fw-la hoc_fw-la idem_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la aere_fw-la intra_fw-la vas_n comprimendo_fw-la ad_fw-la aquam_fw-la evibrandum_fw-la comminisci_fw-la placuit_fw-la servatâ_fw-la analogiâ_fw-la dicendum_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la aere_fw-la tum_fw-la conatu_fw-la manûs_fw-la rectâ_fw-la trusillum_fw-la impellentis_fw-la tum_fw-la open_a cochleae_fw-la similiter_fw-la conformatae_fw-la intra_fw-la conceptaculum_fw-la comprimendo_fw-la ut_fw-la ex_fw-la fistula_n deinde_fw-la multa_fw-la vi_fw-la emittatur_fw-la plumbea_fw-la glans_fw-la ubi_fw-la reseratus_fw-la aeri_fw-la exitus_fw-la illum_fw-la subito_fw-la dilatari_fw-la permiserit_fw-la quin_n &_o pneumatica_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la tormenta_fw-mi citra_fw-la conceptaculum_fw-la aeris_fw-la compressi_fw-la construere_fw-la non_fw-la inutile_fw-la accidat_fw-la si_fw-la quemadmodum_fw-la nostrate_v pveri_fw-la surculos_fw-la sambuceos_fw-la fungosa_fw-la medulla_n exhauriunt_fw-la &_o utraque_fw-la tubuli_fw-la extremitate_fw-la papyraceis_n globulis_fw-la obstructa_fw-la alterum_fw-la globulum_n congruo_fw-la cylindro_fw-la propellunt_fw-la atque_fw-la inclusum_fw-la aerem_fw-la densant_fw-fr quoad_fw-la aeris_fw-la vim_o elasticam_fw-la &_o impellentis_fw-la manûs_fw-la conatum_fw-la non_fw-la ferens_fw-la extremus_fw-la alter_fw-la globulus_n edito_fw-la scloppo_fw-it expellatur_fw-la ita_fw-la ferream_fw-la fistulam_fw-la longiorem_fw-la paraveris_fw-la cujus_fw-la alteri_fw-la extremitati_fw-la immittatur_fw-la plumbea_fw-la glans_fw-la obducta_fw-la papyro_fw-la aut_fw-la simili_fw-la materia_fw-la ut_fw-la exquisitè_fw-fr tubi_n osculum_fw-la implens_fw-la demum_fw-la universam_fw-la aeris_fw-la vim_o excipiat_fw-la alteram_fw-la extremitatem_fw-la aliquot_fw-la spiris_fw-la ambiat_fw-la cava_fw-la cochlea_n quam_fw-la impleat_fw-la cylindrus_fw-la ferreus_fw-la in_o congruentem_fw-la cochleam_fw-it deformatus_fw-la si_fw-la enim_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la cylindrus_fw-la vis_fw-la brevior_fw-la fuerit_fw-la quam_fw-la fistula_n &_o apto_fw-la manubrio_fw-la convolutus_fw-la in_fw-la fistulam_fw-la sensim_fw-la immittatur_fw-la totum_fw-la aerem_fw-la quo_fw-la fistula_n replebatur_fw-la ad_fw-la exiguas_fw-la spatii_fw-la angustias_fw-la adiget_fw-la ex_fw-la quibus_fw-la magna_fw-la vi_fw-la demum_fw-la qua_fw-la data_fw-la porta_fw-la erumpens_fw-la ejacul_fw-la abitur_fw-la plumbeum_fw-la globulum_n casati_n mechanicorum_n lib._n 8._o cap._n 5._o p._n 792._o 793._o etc._n etc._n tittle_n v._o of_o the_o magnetical_a particle_n in_o the_o air._n title_n vi_o of_o the_o destruction_n generation_n absorpsion_n and_o extrication_n of_o the_o air._n air._n concern_v the_o production_n of_o the_o air._n air_n be_v a_o body_n not_o only_o concern_v in_o agreat_a many_o phenomena_n of_o nature_n but_o likewise_o so_o necessary_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o animal_n be_v think_v it_o of_o no_o small_a use_n to_o thy_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v artificial_o prepare_v and_o obtain_v from_o body_n which_o seem_v not_o at_o all_o to_o abound_v with_o air_n for_o can_v it_o be_v do_v it_o will_v not_o only_o be_v considerable_a in_o help_v to_o explain_v several_a phaenomena_n of_o nature_n but_o to_o preserve_v divers_a much_o long_o under_o water_n to_o try_v therefore_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v effect_v and_o whether_o that_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v air_n be_v true_o so_o i_o make_v use_v of_o the_o follow_a experiment_n take_v a_o durable_a springiness_n or_o elasticity_n as_o the_o criterion_n by_o which_o i_o shall_v judge_v whether_o the_o air_n generate_v be_v genuine_a or_o not_o experiment_n i._n jan._n 17._o steel_n air_n generate_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o file_n of_o steel_n file_n of_o steel_n and_o a_o convenient_o shape_a glass_n which_o contain_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o be_v seal_v at_o both_o end_n but_o with_o a_o hole_n open_v near_o one_o of_o they_o be_v coveigh_v into_o a_o long_a and_o large_a tube_n so_o much_o water_n be_v put_v in_o with_o they_o as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o dilute_v the_o oil_n this_o be_v do_v and_o the_o external_n tube_n and_o the_o water_n exhaust_v till_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o gage_n be_v so_o far_o raise_v in_o the_o open_a leg_n that_o little_o remain_v in_o the_o seal_a leg_n we_o close_v up_o the_o external_n tube_n exact_o and_o observe_v that_o when_o the_o oil_n be_v cause_v to_o run_v out_o of_o the_o internal_a tube_n by_o act_v upon_o the_o metal_n it_o cause_v several_a bubble_n and_o a_o sensible_a heat_n when_o this_o conflict_n have_v continue_v some_o time_n so_o much_o air_n be_v generate_v as_o depress_v the_o mercury_n in_o the_o open_a leg_n down_o to_o the_o bottom_n and_o raise_v it_o so_o much_o in_o the_o other_o that_o the_o air_n above_o it_o be_v more_o compress_v than_o when_o the_o atmosphere_n have_v free_a liberty_n to_o press_v against_o it_o the_o spring_n of_o this_o new_o produce_v air_n be_v so_o strong_a and_o durable_a as_o to_o keep_v the_o mercury_n at_o â—he_n same_o height_n 3_o or_o 4_o day_n and_o some_o day_n after_o a_o boy_n have_v heedless_o remove_v the_o tube_n from_o its_o usual_a station_n the_o mercury_n in_o the_o gage_n ascend_v a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a at_o which_o height_n it_o continue_v till_o the_o 25_o of_o january_n experiment_n ii_o march_n 8._o water_n flower_n moisten_v with_o water_n a_o glass_n viol._n which_o be_v large_a enough_o to_o hold_v a_o pint_n be_v fill_v with_o flower_n of_o wheat_n drench_v with_o water_n and_o the_o orifice_n be_v close_v with_o a_o cork_n and_o strong_a cement_n after_o the_o glass_n have_v be_v place_v 13_o day_n in_o a_o warm_a place_n it_o be_v burst_v by_o the_o violent_a expansion_n of_o the_o include_v matter_n though_o the_o night_n before_o part_n of_o the_o glass_n below_o seem_v empty_a the_o taste_n of_o the_o include_v matter_n seem_v to_o i_o only_o a_o little_a sowrish_n but_o to_o another_o manifest_o acid_a experiment_n iii_o march_n 9_o water_n raisin_n include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la with_o water_n bruise_a raisin_n with_o a_o little_a water_n be_v put_v into_o a_o bolt-head_n when_o it_o be_v exhaust_v i_o place_v it_o in_o a_o warm_a place_n in_o four_o day_n no_o air_n be_v generate_v but_o some_o time_n after_o the_o bolt-head_n be_v burst_v in_o piece_n and_o the_o raisin_n throw_v about_o experiment_n iu._n feb._n 22._o a_o glass_n which_o will_v hold_v about_o 3_o pound_n of_o water_n have_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o raisin_n put_v into_o the_o water_n a_o bladder_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o neck_n of_o it_o which_o have_v all_o the_o air_n squeeze_v out_o and_z in_o two_o day_n time_n it_o be_v so_o fill_v with_o air_n that_o we_o can_v not_o tie_v it_o up_o without_o lose_v some_o of_o the_o water_n experiment_n v._n april_n 28._o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o file_n of_o steel_n be_v put_v into_o a_o wide_a mouth_a glass_n we_o cover_v it_o with_o a_o receiver_n fit_v with_o a_o eel-skin_n and_o a_o wire_n to_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o a_o thin_a glass_n vessel_n be_v tie_v hermetical_o seal_v at_o the_o bottom_n and_o furnish_v with_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o file_n of_o copper_n this_o be_v do_v and_o the_o receiver_n exhaust_v we_o thrust_v the_o glass_n which_o contain_v the_o file_n against_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o viol_n and_o break_v it_o off_o whereupon_o the_o file_n fall_v into_o the_o menstruum_fw-la a_o considerable_a number_n of_o bubble_n be_v generate_v the_o viol_n be_v keep_v ¼_n of_o a_o hour_n long_o in_o vacuo_fw-la the_o liquor_n acquire_v not_o the_o least_o greenness_n experiment_n vi._n water_n air_n shut_v up_o in_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o spring_n water_n a_o bubble_n of_o air_n about_o the_o size_n of_o a_o pea_n be_v leave_v at_o the_o top_n of_o a_o round_a viol_n with_o a_o long_a narrow_a neck_n the_o cavity_n of_o it_o be_v fill_v with_o fine_a oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o then_o invert_v into_o a_o viol_n fill_v with_o the_o same_o liquor_n another_o viol_n which_o have_v a_o bubble_n in_o the_o top_n be_v fill_v with_o alcohol_n of_o wine_n and_o invert_v it_o into_o the_o the_o same_o liquor_n on_o the_o six_o day_n the_o bubble_n in_o the_o oil_n disappear_v and_o on_o the_o seven_o that_o in_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n vanish_v experiment_n vii_o may_v 23._o spawn_n frog_n be_v spawn_n a_o receiver_n which_o have_v be_v three_o year_n exhaust_v be_v open_v and_o a_o black_a opacous_a liquor_n which_o we_o judge_v to_o be_v frog_n spawn_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o a_o viol_n be_v take_v out_o be_v of_o a_o stink_a smell_n but_o not_o mouldy_a it_o have_v yield_v some_o air._n experiment_n viii_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o miner_n meet_v with_o run_v water_n under_o ground_n they_o be_v by_o those_o supply_v with_o air_n enough_o for_o respiration_n though_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o stand_a water_n do_v not_o afford_v air._n experiment_n about_o the_o production_n of_o air_n and_o the_o examine_v thereof_o propose_v sect._n i._n to_o produce_v air_n by_o fermentation_n in_o receiver_n exact_o close_v and_o in_o
of_o salt_n i_o be_o induce_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o air_n abound_v with_o volatile_a one_o for_o beside_o that_o a_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o obtain_v a_o spirit_n and_o salt_n of_o similar_v quality_n with_o spirit_n of_o hartshorn_n from_o earth_n dig_v up_o some_o yard_n deep_a we_o may_v observe_v in_o favour_n of_o what_o i_o propose_v that_o the_o very_a soot_n which_o rise_v from_o fire_n near_o great_a town_n a_o great_a part_n of_o which_o be_v disperse_v in_o the_o air_n abound_v with_o a_o saline_n spirit_n which_o may_v be_v obtain_v from_o it_o by_o distillation_n as_o likewise_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o volatile_a matter_n may_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n from_o animal_n substance_n putrify_v and_o corrupt_v but_o beside_o these_o more_o simple_a salt_n there_o may_v be_v several_a other_o compound_v in_o the_o air_n which_o may_v result_v from_o several_a coalition_n of_o simple_a salt_n and_o several_a compound_v salt_n may_v not_o unlikely_a arise_v from_o subterraneal_a part_n in_o favour_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o in_o america_n the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o a_o vulcano_n not_o only_o offend_v the_o face_n of_o some_o that_o approach_v too_o near_o but_o cause_v a_o manifest_a alteration_n in_o the_o colour_n of_o their_o hair_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o several_a sulphureous_a exhalation_n have_v be_v gather_v about_o the_o cranny_n of_o mount_n vesuvius_n which_o issue_v out_o of_o small_a cranny_n stick_v to_o the_o edge_n like_o flower_n of_o brimstone_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o have_v a_o stone_n bring_v i_o from_o another_o vulcano_n who_o pore_n be_v full_a of_o a_o white_a salt_n compound_v of_o a_o fix_a one_o and_o another_o volatile_a much_o like_o sal-armon_a the_o salt_n we_o have_v hitherto_o take_v notice_n of_o be_v such_o as_o may_v be_v refer_v to_o a_o determinate_a species_n but_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v other_o which_z be_v such_o as_o be_v not_o know_v nor_o have_v they_o any_o name_n give_v they_o this_o appear_v from_o what_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o teach_v of_o subterraneal_a fume_n and_o may_v be_v further_o illustrate_v by_o intimate_v that_o i_o have_v observe_v old_a glass-window_n sometime_o corrode_v as_o if_o worm-eaten_a which_o probable_o proceed_v from_o some_o corrosive_a particle_n carry_v thither_o by_o the_o wind._n as_o for_o the_o nature_n of_o these_o several_a salt_n that_o at_o different_a time_n and_o in_o various_a place_n impregnate_n the_o air_n among_o the_o different_a method_n that_o may_v be_v take_v to_o investigate_v they_o i_o shall_v mention_v the_o follow_v air._n several_a way_n to_o discover_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o salt_n in_o the_o air._n first_o we_o may_v expose_v such_o body_n to_o the_o air_n as_o we_o think_v will_n most_o likely_a be_v work_v upon_o by_o the_o salt_n we_o judge_v predominant_a in_o that_o place_n as_o lime_n where_o we_o think_v nitre_n abound_v as_o also_o we_o may_v hang_v up_o silk_n of_o such_o colour_n as_o nitre_n be_v most_o apt_a to_o fade_v or_o discolour_v in_o place_n where_o we_o think_v vitriol_n abound_v we_o may_v expose_v preparation_n of_o sulphur_n which_o it_o usual_o turn_v black_a in_o other_o place_n we_o may_v spread_v white_a linen_n clothes_n and_o observe_v what_o salt_n they_o imbibe_n along_o with_o the_o rise_a vapour_n and_o fall_v dew_n a_o second_o way_n to_o discover_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o salt_n in_o the_o air_n may_v be_v by_o expose_v some_o body_n which_o several_a salt_n have_v different_a effect_n on_o experiment_n i._n clean_a copper_n plate_n be_v place_v over_o glass_n under_o which_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n dilute_v with_o water_n be_v set_v i_o oserve_v that_o they_o be_v discolour_v alike_o by_o the_o ascend_a fume_n it_o be_v common_a for_o these_o spirit_n to_o draw_v a_o green_a tincture_n from_o copper_n as_o spirit_n of_o soot_n and_o urine_n do_v a_o blue_n one_o i_o have_v observe_v a_o piece_n of_o copper_n bring_v from_o a_o mine_n overcast_v in_o several_a part_n with_o a_o verdigrease_n which_o effect_n i_o judge_v to_o depend_v on_o the_o efficacy_n of_o some_o effluvia_fw-la in_o the_o air._n and_o possible_o with_o other_o body_n discover_v different_a discolouration_n we_o be_v enable_v to_o learn_v what_o kind_n of_o steam_n those_o effect_n be_v produce_v by_o and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v not_o only_o at_o amsterdam_n but_o elsewhere_o that_o plate_n in_o a_o little_a time_n in_o those_o air_n will_v acquire_v a_o rusty_a colour_n or_o one_o partake_v of_o yellow_a and_o black_n a_o three_o way_n which_o may_v be_v take_v to_o discover_v the_o different_a nature_n of_o effluvia_fw-la may_v be_v by_o expose_v preparation_n of_o mineral_n body_n who_o colour_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v change_v by_o the_o air._n experiment_n ii_o if_o a_o solution_n of_o silver_n in_o aq._n fortis_fw-la be_v precipitate_v with_o spirit_n of_o sea_n salt_n the_o powder_n will_v be_v at_o the_o first_o white_a but_o after_o a_o while_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n will_v acquire_v a_o dark_a colour_n which_o may_v perhaps_o vary_v as_o the_o air_n be_v different_o impregnate_v experiment_n iii_o a_o equal_a weight_n of_o file_n of_o copper_n and_o powder_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v mix_v and_o put_v into_o a_o cover_a crucible_n and_o keep_v over_o a_o moderate_a fire_n till_o the_o sal_fw-la armon_n have_v do_v smoke_v as_o much_o of_o the_o rema_v mass_n as_o can_v be_v part_v be_v take_v out_o and_o look_v of_o a_o dark_a colour_n but_o be_v gross_o beat_v and_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n look_v like_o verdigrease_n a_o substance_n who_o colour_n common_o vary_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o salt_n concern_v in_o the_o production_n of_o the_o pigment_n but_o a_o parcel_n of_o the_o same_o mass_n be_v gross_o beat_v and_o hermetical_o seal_v up_o from_o the_o air_n and_o leave_v in_o a_o south_n window_n be_v not_o discolour_v when_o that_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n have_v acquire_v a_o virdigrease_n colour_n experiment_n iv_o spirit_n of_o soot_n of_o wood_n dissolve_v copper_n into_o a_o lovely_a azure_a but_o the_o substance_n grow_v dry_a in_o the_o air_n change_v its_o ceruleous_a for_o a_o cyanious_a colour_n such_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o good_a turquoise_n which_o change_n depend_v not_o on_o the_o saline-sulphureous_a salt_n which_o i_o rather_o believe_v because_o i_o have_v the_o same_o success_n when_o i_o make_v use_v of_o a_o urinous_a spirit_n draw_v from_o a_o animal_n substance_n most_o of_o the_o inland_a part_n of_o our_o country_n abound_v not_o with_o corrosive_a vapour_n the_o bar_n of_o iron_n be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o be_v corrode_v and_o rust_v so_o that_o i_o believe_v this_o salt_n may_v proceed_v from_o sea_n vapour_n or_o a_o dissolution_n of_o some_o corrode_a salt_n upon_o the_o burn_a of_o a_o sea_n or_o mineral_n coal_n mox_fw-la ollam_fw-la ex_fw-la igni_fw-la removent_fw-la 12._o agricola_n de_fw-mi re_fw-mi metal_n lib._n 12._o postea_fw-la ex_fw-la refrigerata_fw-la eximunt_fw-la halinitrum_fw-la purissimum_fw-la quod_fw-la candidi_fw-la marmoris_fw-la speciem_fw-la gerit_fw-la aetque_fw-la tunc_fw-la etiam_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la terrenum_fw-la est_fw-la in_fw-la fundo_fw-la residet_fw-la at_o terra_fw-la ex_fw-la qua_fw-la dilutum_fw-la fuit_fw-la factum_fw-la &_o rami_n quernei_fw-la vel_fw-la consimilis_fw-la arboris_fw-la alternis_fw-la sub_fw-la dio_fw-mi ponantur_fw-la &_o aqua_fw-la quâ_fw-la combibit_fw-la halinitrum_fw-la conspergantur_fw-la quo_fw-la modo_fw-la quinque_fw-la vel_fw-la sex_n annis_fw-la rursus_fw-la apta_fw-la fit_a ad_fw-la conficiendum_fw-la dilutum_fw-la halinitrum_fw-la quodammodo_fw-la purum_fw-la quod_fw-la dum_fw-la terra_fw-la tot_fw-la annos_fw-la quievit_fw-la interea_fw-la ortum_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la lapidei_fw-la parietes_fw-la in_o cellis_fw-la vrinariis_fw-la &_o locis_fw-la opacis_fw-la exudant_fw-la cum_fw-la primo_fw-la diluto_fw-la permistum_fw-la decoquatur_fw-la si_fw-mi verò_fw-la locus_fw-la aliquis_fw-la talium_fw-la venarum_fw-la copiam_fw-la suppeditaverit_fw-la ipsae_fw-la statim_fw-la non_fw-la conjiciantur_fw-la in_o cast_n ella_fw-la sed_fw-la primò_fw-la convehantur_fw-la in_o areas_fw-la atque_fw-la cumulentur_fw-la quanto_fw-la enim_fw-la diutius_fw-la aeri_fw-la &_o pluviis_fw-la expositae_fw-la fuerint_fw-la tanto_fw-la meliores_fw-la fiunt_fw-la no_o in_o ejusmodi_fw-la cumulis_fw-la aliquot_fw-la post_fw-la mensibus_fw-la quam_fw-la venae_fw-la in_fw-la be_v as_o fuerint_fw-la conjectae_fw-la nascuntur_fw-la fibrae_fw-la long_o venis_fw-la bonitate_fw-la praestantes_fw-la deinde_fw-la vehantur_fw-la in_o sex_n plurave_a castilia_n long_fw-mi &_o let_fw-mi a_o ad_fw-la novem_fw-la pedes_fw-la ad_fw-la quinque_fw-la alta_fw-la si_fw-mi verò_fw-la dum_fw-la dilutum_fw-la recoquitur_fw-la seperata_fw-la non_fw-la fuerint_fw-la mox_fw-la ex_fw-la minoribus_fw-la vasis_fw-la infundatur_fw-la in_o majora_n eaque_fw-la concludantur_fw-la in_fw-la quibus_fw-la item_n atramentum_fw-la sutorium_fw-la seperatum_fw-la ab_fw-la alumine_fw-la
the_o canary_n bird_n build_v in_o the_o barrancos_fw-la of_o gills_o bird_n bird_n which_o the_o water_n have_v fret_v away_o in_o the_o mountain_n place_n very_o cold_a they_o have_v also_o quail_n and_o partridge_n less_o than_o we_o great_a wood_n pigeon_n turtle_n at_o spring_n crow_n and_o sometime_o the_o falcon_n appear_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o barbary_n they_o have_v goat_n on_o the_o mountain_n etc._n beast_n etc._n etc._n and_o also_o hog_n and_o coney_n but_o their_o camel_n come_v from_o lancerote_n among_o their_o fish_n be_v the_o follow_v viz._n the_o cherna_n fish_n fish_n a_o large_a well-tasted_n fish_n the_o mero_n dolphin_n shark_n lobster_n mussel_n periwinkle_n and_o the_o clacas_n the_o best_a fish_n in_o the_o world_n which_o grow_v in_o the_o rock_n 5_o or_o 6_o under_o a_o shell_n through_o the_o top_n of_o which_o they_o peep_v with_o their_o neb_n they_o have_v likewise_o a_o fish_n with_o 7_o tail_n each_o of_o which_o be_v a_o span_n long_o unite_v 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change_v they_o from_o a_o perpendicular_a to_o a_o incline_v position_n so_o that_o they_o be_v cause_v to_o fall_v upon_o the_o pupil_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n tell_v i_o that_o he_o be_v not_o a_o little_a surprise_v in_o scotland_n that_o contrary_a to_o the_o common_a observation_n by_o country_n man_n in_o other_o place_n a_o morning_n in_o which_o the_o sky_n be_v red_a be_v succeed_v with_o a_o fair_a day_n it_o be_v usual_a in_o those_o part_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o the_o redness_n be_v pretty_a near_o the_o ground_n and_o appear_v with_o narrow_a streak_n intense_o red_a it_o signify_v bad_a wether_n but_o if_o it_o be_v elevate_v and_o the_o wind_n easterly_n it_o foretell_v a_o fair_a day_n capt._n james_n in_o his_o northern_a voyage_n observe_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o these_o refraction_n the_o sun_n seem_v to_o rise_v 20_o minute_n too_o soon_o and_o to_o set_v 20_o minute_n too_o late_o and_o this_o he_o learn_v by_o calculate_v of_o its_o rise_n and_o 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so_o strong_a that_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a town_n beyond_o it_o wall_v about_o and_o adorn_v with_o tower_n and_o steeple_n very_o delightful_a which_o very_a town_n disappear_v when_o the_o sun_n be_v rise_v high_a above_o the_o horizon_n a_o dry_a blighting_a east_n wind_n which_o country_n people_n call_v a_o red_a wind_n cause_v a_o opacity_n or_o thickness_n of_o the_o air_n like_o vapour_n which_o continue_v for_o two_o year_n together_o not_o only_o blast_v the_o fruit_n but_o the_o leave_n of_o the_o tree_n just_a in_o the_o tender_a mr._n j._n t._n that_o the_o air_n be_v sometime_o clear_a and_o transparent_a and_o sometime_o dark_a and_o more_o clog_v with_o terrestrial_a steam_n be_v a_o common_a observation_n but_o it_o have_v be_v sometime_o observe_v in_o russia_n that_o in_o a_o clear_a frosty_a air_n the_o star_n have_v appear_v to_o be_v much_o more_o numerous_a than_o at_o other_o time_n captain_n james_n have_v observe_v in_o charlton_n island_n which_o though_o of_o the_o same_o latitude_n with_o cambridge_n almost_o be_v but_o little_o warm_a than_o nova_n zembla_n that_o in_o january_n the_o firmament_n appear_v full_a of_o star_n by_o two_o three_o than_o before_o the_o cloud_n in_o cancer_n appear_v full_a of_o star_n and_o a_o great_a many_o small_a one_o among_o the_o pleyade_n but_o the_o moon_n rise_v about_o ten_o a_o clock_n a_o quarter_n of_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v the_o wind_n for_o most_o part_n of_o the_o month_n be_v northerly_a and_o very_a cold_a and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o russian_a emperor_n physician_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n when_o he_o be_v high_a commissioner_n in_o scotland_n send_v i_o word_n that_o he_o have_v observe_v the_o sky_n so_o clear_a that_o the_o star_n afford_v light_a enough_o to_o read_v by_o and_o that_o several_a fleak_v of_o light_n extend_v themselves_o from_o the_o horizon_n like_v so_o many_o tail_n of_o blaze_a star_n and_o pass_v betwixt_o charles_n wain_n and_o the_o north_n star_n seem_v to_o terminate_v over_o our_o head_n this_o be_v observe_v in_o december_n title_n xxi_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o consistency_n of_o animal_n substance_n substance_n the_o effect_n of_o air_n on_o animal_n substance_n it_o be_v general_o believe_v by_o those_o that_o judge_n of_o thing_n by_o their_o sense_n that_o since_o the_o air_n be_v a_o invisible_a body_n it_o act_v only_o upon_o other_o by_o its_o manifest_a qualites_n viz._n heat_v and_o moisture_n but_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o it_o have_v other_o faculty_n among_o which_o some_o may_v be_v call_v generative_a and_o restorative_n and_o other_o corruptive_a and_o that_o not_o only_o in_o respect_n of_o animal_n and_o other_o body_n of_o a_o slight_a texture_n but_o also_o of_o salt_n and_o mineral_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o when_o cheshire_n cheese_n have_v be_v carry_v from_o hence_o to_o the_o east-indies_n without_o be_v keep_v in_o leaden_a box_n fit_v to_o they_o those_o that_o have_v be_v cut_v under_o the_o line_n be_v dry_a on_o the_o outside_n but_o unctuous_a and_o soft_a in_o the_o middle_a as_o if_o all_o the_o oily_a part_n want_v in_o the_o outside_n be_v shrink_v back_o thither_o but_o those_o that_o be_v cut_v when_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o come_v into_o the_o temperate_a zone_n be_v uniform_a and_o good_a enough_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o peru_n as_o well_o as_o egypt_n where_o it_o seldom_o rain_v that_o body_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o corrupt_v in_o the_o country_n last_o mention_v it_o be_v likewise_o observe_v that_o the_o air_n abound_v with_o nitre_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o under_o the_o line_n not_o only_o biscuit_n have_v be_v alter_v but_o that_o most_o of_o the_o meat_n and_o even_o salt_n meat_n have_v be_v much_o impair_v but_o that_o their_o water_n which_o be_v fresh_a will_v be_v as_o clear_v and_o sweet_a as_o when_o first_o put_v into_o the_o cask_n silk_n stuff_v that_o have_v be_v bring_v to_o jamaica_n i_o be_o tell_v have_v rot_v without_o lose_v their_o colour_n by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air._n title_n xxii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o consistency_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n body_n the_o effect_n of_o the_o air_n on_o consistent_a body_n a_o piece_n of_o limon_n have_v be_v keep_v a_o year_n and_o some_o month_n in_o a_o receiver_n with_o a_o mercurial_a gage_n it_o keep_v its_o colour_n pretty_a well_o as_o well_o as_o its_o shape_n except_z that_o the_o upper_a side_n be_v a_o little_a depress_v the_o liquor_n which_o fill_v it_o up_o before_o stagnate_v upon_o a_o glass_n plate_n which_o be_v adapt_v to_o the_o receiver_n when_o the_o receiver_n
be_v open_v the_o external_a air_n rush_v in_o with_o a_o considerable_a noise_n whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o the_o air_n the_o limon_n have_v yield_v in_o that_o time_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o fill_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o receiver_n neither_o the_o limon_n nor_o the_o juice_n be_v mouldy_a or_o ill_o taste_v so_o that_o it_o make_v i_o think_v that_o mouldiness_n can_v be_v well_o produce_v without_o a_o concurrence_n of_o the_o air._n the_o liquor_n be_v acid_a but_o clear_a and_o without_o faeces_fw-la be_v of_o a_o colour_n betwixt_o brown_a and_o red_a it_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n into_o a_o purple_a colour_n and_o corrode_v fragment_n of_o red_a coral_n in_o the_o cold._n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o lozenge_n which_o a_o scholar_n frequent_o carry_v in_o his_o pocket_n be_v dissolve_v when_o he_o come_v near_o the_o line_n but_o recover_v their_o old_a consistence_n when_o much_o past_o it_o title_n xxiii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o consistent_a mineral_n substance_n substance_n the_o effect_n of_o the_o air_n on_o mineral_n substance_n in_o draw_v copper_n out_o of_o deep_a mine_n in_o sweedland_n i_o be_o inform_v they_o use_v rope_n make_v of_o leather_n link_n of_o iron_n be_v subject_a to_o break_v with_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o ore_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o glass_n keep_v half_a a_o year_n though_o well_o neal_v have_v break_v in_o piece_n and_o freeze_v of_o themselves_o the_o crack_v partly_o depend_v on_o some_o particle_n of_o salt_n which_o have_v not_o undergo_v a_o sufficient_a comminution_n i_o be_o tell_v there_o be_v a_o house_n in_o suffolk_n near_o the_o sea_n in_o which_o though_o it_o be_v but_o 8_o year_n old_a the_o iron_n bar_n be_v swell_v and_o so_o rot_v that_o they_o will_v crimble_a away_o the_o wind_n which_o blow_v upon_o those_o window_n in_o which_o they_o be_v be_v southward_o and_o i_o be_o likewise_o tell_v that_o iron_n bar_v drench_v in_o sea_n water_n and_o after_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n be_v so_o far_o impair_v that_o when_o hammer_v great_a flake_n will_v fly_v off_o they_o purbeck_n and_o blechington-stone_n will_v moulder_v away_o in_o the_o air_n but_o those_o dug_n up_o at_o painswick_n near_o gloucester_n will_n by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n change_v their_o primary_n softness_n for_o a_o crust-hard_a and_o glassy_a marble_n which_o penetrate_v but_o a_o little_a way_n into_o its_o substance_n but_o be_v generate_v soon_o the_o often_o it_o be_v wash_v title_n xxiv_o of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o fire_n and_o flame_n candle_n which_v burn_v in_o grooves_n furnish_v with_o air_n shaft_n will_v sometime_o continue_v burn_v 8_o fathom_n deep_a or_o more_o when_o they_o come_v into_o close_a ground_n though_o candle_n will_v burn_v for_o a_o while_n yet_o when_o the_o dust_n rise_v they_o go_v out_o experiment_n touch_v the_o relation_n betwixt_o flame_n and_o air._n the_o burn_a of_o candle_n etc._n etc._n under_o a_o glass_n bell_n as_o also_o spirit_n of_o wine_n matches_n touchwood_n sponck_n etc._n etc._n the_o keep_n of_o animal_n under_o a_o glass_n bell_n whilst_o the_o flame_n be_v burn_v the_o burn_a of_o body_n to_o ash_n in_o seal_a glass_n as_o also_o in_o exact_o close_v receiver_n cotton_n burn_v in_o a_o seal_a glass_n the_o burn_a of_o a_o mixture_n of_o flame_n under_o water_n in_o a_o e._n r._n as_o also_o of_o a_o saline_a substance_n and_o likewise_o of_o salt_n petre._n a_o pistol_n not_o fire_v in_o a_o e._n r._n a_o experiment_n of_o burn_a gunpowder_n the_o burn_a of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n in_o glass_n vessel_n with_o slender_a neck_n title_n xxv_o of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o fermentation_n fermentation_n of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o fermentation_n raisin_n be_v enclose_v in_o a_o exhaust_a bolt-head_n half_o full_a of_o water_n and_o set_v on_o a_o digestive_a furnace_n present_o begin_v to_o ferment_n and_o swim_v upon_o the_o liquor_n afford_v bubble_n which_o be_v gradual_o few_o and_o at_o last_o a_o sediment_n appear_v in_o the_o bottom_n the_o top_n of_o the_o bottle_n be_v accidental_o break_v the_o external_n air_n rush_v in_o with_o some_o noise_n and_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v cover_v with_o froth_n like_o bottle_n drink_v and_o i_o think_v i_o perceive_v a_o visible_a fume_v come_v out_o of_o the_o glass_n which_o have_v a_o languid_a smell_n the_o liquor_n have_v a_o high_a tincture_n of_o the_o raisin_n and_o be_v of_o a_o better_a consistence_n than_o that_o of_o water_n title_n xxvi_o of_o the_o air_n as_o the_o receptacle_n of_o odour_n title_n xxvii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o odour_n of_o animal_n substance_n odour_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o air_n on_o odour_n sour_a grape_n have_v lie_v 3_o year_n in_o vacuo_fw-la be_v not_o mouldy_a but_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o uppermost_a be_v discolour_a with_o a_o tartarous_a efflorescence_n the_o grain_n have_v a_o musty_a smell_n but_o the_o liquor_n taste_v acid_n and_o will_v corrode_v coral_n in_o the_o cold._a the_o gage_n scarce_o discover_v any_o air_n produce_v in_o madrid_n i_o be_o tell_v though_o they_o throw_v their_o excrement_n into_o the_o street_n in_o the_o night_n yet_o the_o stink_n be_v not_o very_o much_o the_o next_o day_n nor_o will_v dead_a animal_n stink_v long_o there_o title_n xxviii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o odour_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n large_a piece_n of_o orange_n have_v be_v three_o year_n include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la their_o rind_n be_v on_o their_o surface_n almost_o black_a they_o yield_v very_o little_a liquor_n be_v neither_o mouldy_a nor_o putrid_a title_n xxix_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o air_n on_o the_o odour_n of_o mineral_n substance_n title_n xxx_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o air_n on_o the_o taste_n of_o animal_n substance_n mr._n nickson_n tell_v i_o that_o meat_n may_v be_v preserve_v in_o frosty_a wether_n all_o winter_n without_o salt_n but_o if_o dress_v when_o freeze_v will_v not_o relish_v well_o title_n xxxi_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o air_n on_o the_o taste_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n title_n xxxii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o taste_n of_o mineral_n substance_n title_n xxxiii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o colour_n of_o animal_n substance_n colour_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o air_n on_o colour_n the_o air_n influence_n colour_n so_o much_o on_o black_a taffeta_n that_o in_o brasil_n after_o it_o have_v be_v wear_v a_o few_o day_n it_o become_v of_o a_o ironish_a colour_n but_o if_o it_o be_v keep_v from_o the_o air_n the_o colour_n fade_v not_o in_o a_o particular_a region_n in_o brazil_n 50_o league_n beyond_o parigna_n white_a people_n turn_v tawny_a but_o a_o little_a beyond_o that_o they_o recover_v their_o colour_n again_o upon_o charlton_n island_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o bird_n call_v partridge_n which_o be_v white_a in_o the_o winter_n and_o gray_a in_o the_o summer_n title_n xxxiv_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o colour_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o most_o tree_n in_o jamaica_n acquire_v a_o greenness_n when_o new_o cut_v down_o on_o that_o part_n which_o be_v most_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n and_o that_o lignum_fw-la vitæ_fw-la when_o green_a be_v as_o soft_a as_o oak_n several_a tree_n which_o be_v soft_a when_o cut_v down_o afterward_o grow_v hard_a especial_o the_o cabbage-tree_n which_o present_o harden_v and_o the_o pith_n rot_v out_o it_o serve_v for_o a_o pipe_n about_o 100_o foot_n long_o which_o will_v not_o corrupt_v under_o ground_n but_o grow_v as_o hard_a as_o iron_n the_o juice_n of_o aloe_n plant_n which_o in_o the_o island_n of_o st._n jago_n be_v clammy_a bitter_a and_o of_o a_o dark_a colour_n under_o the_o line_n lose_v its_o bitterness_n and_o acquire_v a_o green_a colour_n stain_n be_v most_o easy_o get_v out_o of_o linen_n at_o those_o time_n of_o the_o year_n when_o the_o fruit_n with_o which_o they_o be_v stain_v flourish_n title_n xxxv_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o mineral_n substance_n one_o part_n of_o lapis_n calaminaris_n be_v mix_v with_o four_o of_o salt-petre_n be_v keep_v some_o hour_n in_o a_o vehement_a heat_n in_o a_o crucible_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o matter_n be_v alkalize_v water_n be_v pour_v upon_o it_o which_o make_v a_o muddy_a red_a tincture_n which_o be_v set_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n in_o a_o window_n it_o become_v green_a and_o more_o diaphanous_a than_o before_o but_o in_o a_o few_o day_n it_o become_v a_o transparent_a liquor_n a_o powder_n subside_v which_o be_v red_a like_o brick-dust_n spirit_n of_o vinegar_n receive_v no_o tincture_n
prius_fw-la de_fw-la eadem_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la interrogatus_fw-la quod_fw-la tum_fw-la certior_fw-la aliis_fw-la de_fw-la hâc_fw-la pluvia_fw-la factus_fw-la esset_fw-la tanquam_fw-la testis_fw-la oculatus_fw-la ut_fw-la qui_fw-la aliquos_fw-la horum_fw-la pisciculorum_fw-la videram_fw-la confirmavi_fw-la be_v porro_fw-la ingeniosissime_fw-la summâque_fw-la very_fw-la specie_fw-la nodum_fw-la ita_fw-la solvit_fw-la ut_fw-la diceret_fw-la hos_fw-la pisciculos_fw-la unà _fw-la cum_fw-la aquis_fw-la furentium_fw-la ventorum_fw-la gyro_fw-la in_o turbinem_fw-la act_n evectos_fw-la esse_fw-la nubes_fw-la è_fw-la quibus_fw-la non_fw-la procul_fw-la inde_fw-la pondere_fw-la rursus_fw-la svo_fw-la relapsi_fw-la fuerint_fw-la in_o vicinam_fw-la terram_fw-la title_n xlvii_o promiscuous_a experiment_n and_o observation_n of_o the_o air._n title_n xlviii_o desiderata_fw-la in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o air_n and_o proposal_n towards_o supply_v they_o the_o work_n of_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boil_v esq_n epitomise_v book_n iu._n chap._n i._o experiment_n and_o observation_n about_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o taste_n that_o taste_n which_o be_v quality_n of_o a_o body_n by_o which_o it_o be_v enable_v to_o cause_v such_o a_o sensation_n upon_o our_o sensory_a may_v be_v cause_v by_o the_o peculiar_a size_n shape_n motion_n and_o mechanical_a texture_n of_o a_o body_n will_v appear_v from_o the_o follow_a instance_n whether_o they_o be_v simple_a or_o compound_a body_n experiment_n i._o to_o divide_v a_o body_n almost_o insipid_a in_o two_o body_n of_o very_a strong_a and_o very_a different_a taste_n body_n two_o corrosive_n obtain_v from_o a_o insipid_a body_n salt_v petre_n refine_v though_o almost_o a_o insipid_a body_n distil_v by_o the_o way_n of_o inflammation_n or_o by_o the_o help_n and_o addition_n of_o a_o tasteless_a clay_n will_v yield_v a_o nitrous_a spirit_n so_o sharp_a and_o corrosive_a that_o it_o will_v dissolve_v metal_n and_o a_o corrosive_n fix_v salt_n different_a in_o taste_n from_o the_o former_a and_o this_o will_v dissolve_v substance_n that_o the_o other_o will_v not_o work_v upon_o and_o precipitate_v several_a metal_n and_o other_o concretes_n out_o of_o those_o solution_n make_v of_o they_o by_o the_o spirit_n experiment_n ii_o of_o two_o body_n the_o one_o high_o acid_n and_o corrosive_a and_o the_o other_o alkalizate_n and_o fiery_a to_o produce_v a_o body_n almost_o insipid_a cirrosives_n a_o insipid_a body_n produce_v from_o two_o cirrosives_n if_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n be_v drop_v upon_o the_o fix_a nitre_n make_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la till_o it_o be_v satiate_v upon_o a_o gentle_a evaporation_n it_o will_v afford_v a_o salt_n petre_n and_o i_o have_v often_o obtain_v the_o like_a from_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o salt_n petre_n which_o new_a taste_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v proceed_v from_o the_o new_a figure_n and_o size_n of_o the_o component_a part_n which_o they_o acquire_v upon_o a_o mutual_a attrition_n in_o the_o preparation_n for_o as_o the_o prismatical_a figure_n of_o salt_n of_o nitre_n by_o be_v break_v and_o render_v more_o minute_n may_v have_v a_o more_o free_a access_n to_o the_o organ_n of_o taste_n and_o by_o its_o new_a figure_v angle_n be_v able_a to_o corrode_v it_o these_o again_o unite_n and_o form_v prism_n may_v become_v as_o inoffensive_a to_o the_o taste_n as_o before_o so_o wedge_n may_v be_v make_v of_o a_o piece_n of_o iron_n and_o those_o again_o unite_v after_o a_o convenient_a manner_n may_v form_v blunt_a piece_n of_o iron_n again_o and_o though_o a_o stick_v cut_v in_o two_o be_v inoffensive_a enough_o to_o the_o hand_n yet_o if_o violent_o break_v the_o ragged_a end_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o prick_v into_o the_o flesh_n experiment_n iii_o of_o two_o body_n the_o one_o very_o bitter_a and_o the_o other_o extreme_o salt_n to_o make_v a_o insipid_a substance_n body_n a_o insipid_a obtain_v from_o a_o bitter_a and_o saline_a body_n if_o strong_a brine_n make_v of_o salt_n and_o water_n be_v cast_v upon_o crystal_n of_o silver_n dissolve_v in_o aq._n fort._n or_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n the_o dry_a mixture_n be_v bring_v to_o fusion_n in_o a_o crucible_n and_o keep_v in_o that_o state_n a_o competent_a time_n will_v afford_v a_o tough_a luna_fw-la cornea_n insipid_a which_o will_v not_o easy_o dissolve_v in_o more_o powerful_a menstruum_n than_o spital_n proposition_n iv_o of_o two_o body_n the_o one_o very_o sweet_a and_o the_o other_o salt_a than_o brine_n to_o obtain_v a_o insipid_a mixture_n body_n a_o insipid_a obtain_v from_o a_o sweet_a and_o a_o salt_n body_n if_o a_o just_a proportion_n of_o spirit_n sal_fw-la armon_n or_o urine_n be_v cautious_o pour_v on_o a_o solution_n of_o minium_n in_o vinegar_n or_o saccharum_n saturni_n dissolve_v in_o a_o proper_a menstruum_fw-la if_o the_o taste_n be_v not_o destroy_v by_o the_o mixture_n it_o will_v by_o be_v dry_a and_o flux_v as_o in_o the_o forego_n experiment_n experiment_n v._o of_o a_o insipid_a and_o sour_a one_o to_o make_v a_o substance_n more_o bitter_a than_o aloe_n body_n a_o bitter_a obtain_v from_o a_o insipid_a and_o a_o sour_a body_n which_o be_v do_v by_o dissolve_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o silver_n in_o aq._n fortis_fw-la to_o satiate_v the_o menstruum_fw-la which_o if_o it_o be_v filtrate_v and_o it_o be_v superfluous_a moisture_n abstract_v it_o will_v yield_v crystal_n more_o bitter_a and_o no_o wonder_n since_o if_o one_o touch_v the_o powder_n of_o the_o crystal_n with_o one_o finger_n or_o nail_n it_o will_v so_o stain_v they_o that_o it_o can_v easy_o be_v remove_v experiment_n vi_o of_o a_o insipid_a body_n and_o a_o high_o corrosive_a one_o to_o make_v a_o substance_n as_o sweet_a as_o sugar_n insipid_a a_o sweet_a body_n obtain_v from_o a_o corrosive_n and_o a_o insipid_a if_o good_a aq._n fortis_fw-la be_v put_v upon_o minium_n and_o keep_v together_o in_o a_o gentle_a heat_n till_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v satiate_v it_o will_v be_v as_o sweet_a as_o saccharum_n saturni_n but_o the_o ingredient_n must_v be_v both_o good_a experiment_n vii_o of_o obtain_v without_o addition_n from_o the_o sweet_a body_n liquor_n corrosive_a enough_o to_o dissolve_v body_n body_n a_o corrosive_n obtain_v from_o a_o sweet_a body_n sugar_n distil_v in_o a_o retort_n will_v yield_v a_o red_a spirit_n which_o be_v rectify_v will_v come_v over_o clear_a and_o colourless_a and_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_fw-la will_v be_v altogether_o insipid_a the_o spirit_n be_v of_o a_o very_a penetrant_fw-la taste_n and_o though_o take_v to_o be_v a_o homogeneous_a body_n yet_o i_o have_v find_v it_o to_o consist_v of_o two_o spirit_n one_o of_o which_o will_v dissolve_v copper_n yet_o these_o sour_a spirit_n be_v incorporate_v with_o minium_n will_v acquire_v a_o saccharine_n sweetness_n part_n of_o which_o they_o will_v dissolve_v in_o digestion_n and_o a_o like_a spirit_n to_o this_o may_v be_v obtain_v from_o hony_n experiment_n viii_o to_o divide_v a_o body_n bitter_a in_o the_o high_a degree_n into_o two_o substance_n the_o one_o extreme_o sour_a and_o the_o other_o perfect_o insipid_a substance_n a_o sour_a and_o a_o insipid_a obtain_v from_o a_o bitter_a substance_n this_o be_v do_v by_o distil_a crystal_n of_o luna_n in_o a_o retort_n with_o a_o strong_a fire_n in_o a_o sand_n furnace_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o spirit_n be_v drive_v away_o unite_v into_o a_o acid_n corrosive_a menstruum_n leave_v a_o insipid_a substance_n behind_o they_o experiment_n ix_o to_o produce_v variety_n of_o taste_n in_o one_o insipid_a body_n by_o associate_a it_o with_o divers_a menstruum_n insipid_a divers_a taste_v produce_v in_o a_o insipid_a if_o zinke_n be_v dissolve_v in_o aq._n fortis_fw-la aq._n regis_n oil_n of_o vitriol_n spirit_n of_o nitre_n spirit_n of_o salt_n distil_a vinegar_n spirit_n of_o sal_fw-la armon_n or_o of_o urine_n it_o will_v by_o a_o conjunction_n with_o those_o sapid_a body_n so_o alter_v their_o texture_n as_o to_o produce_v a_o different_a alteration_n in_o the_o taste_n of_o each_o experiment_n x._o to_o produce_v variety_n of_o taste_n with_o one_o memstruum_fw-la by_o associate_a it_o with_o insipid_a body_n insipid_a various_a taste_n cause_v by_o a_o insipid_a aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la with_o refine_a silver_n will_v produce_v a_o bitter_a with_o lead_n a_o saccharine_n sweet_a taste_n with_o tin_n a_o different_a taste_n though_o not_o odious_a with_o copper_n a_o abominable_a taste_n with_o mercury_n and_o iron_n bad_a taste_n of_o different_a kind_n it_o will_v likewise_o produce_v different_a taste_n with_o tin_n glass_n antimony_n brass_n emery_n and_o zinke_n experiment_n xi_o of_o two_o liquor_n the_o one_o high_o corrosive_a and_o the_o other_o very_o pungent_a and_o not_o pleasant_a to_o compose_v a_o body_n of_o a_o pleasant_a and_o aromatic_a taste_n corrosive_n a_o aromatic_a obtain_v from_o two_o corrosive_n mix_v gradual_o a_o ounce_n of_o good_a aq._n fortis_fw-la or_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n with_o a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o inflammable_a
spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o when_o they_o be_v well_o mix_v and_o grow_v cold_a again_o if_o they_o be_v distil_v over_o together_o they_o yield_v a_o acid_a corrosive_a spirit_n of_o a_o vinous_a taste_n and_o a_o please_a smell_n experiment_n xii_o to_o imitate_v by_o art_n and_o sometime_o even_o in_o mineral_n the_o peculiar_a taste_n of_o natural_a body_n and_o even_o vegetable_n imitate_v natural_a taste_n artificial_o imitate_v whatever_o be_v the_o plastic_a agent_n in_o the_o formation_n of_o body_n of_o each_o distinct_a species_n to_o show_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o they_o depend_v on_o mechanical_a principle_n i_o endeavour_v to_o imitate_v natural_a taste_n artificial_o endeavour_v to_o alter_v the_o taste_n smell_v etc._n etc._n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n i_o obtain_v a_o liquor_n which_o though_o at_o the_o first_o pleasant_a will_v at_o a_o certain_a point_n of_o time_n taste_v like_o garlic_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o mustardseed_n put_v into_o cider_n to_o give_v it_o a_o brisk_a taste_n make_v it_o stink_v like_o garlic_n and_o semen_n dauci_fw-la ferment_v with_o beer_n or_o ale_n make_v it_o relish_v of_o limon-pill_n if_o gold_n be_v dissolve_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o the_o experiment_n be_v make_v hasty_o one_o may_v obtain_v a_o solution_n or_o a_o salt_n of_o a_o austere_n taste_v like_a slow_v and_o the_o like_a taste_n i_o have_v observe_v in_o gold_n volatilise_v or_o dissolve_v without_o any_o tincture_n at_o all_o the_o last_o instance_n i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o be_v this_o take_v a_o ʒj_fw-la of_o orris_n root_n slice_v and_o infuse_v it_o in_o a_o pint_n of_o canary_n or_o malaga_n sack_n till_o it_o have_v give_v it_o the_o desire_a taste_n and_o smell_v and_o then_o keep_v it_o in_o a_o cool_a place_n the_o same_o method_n be_v take_v with_o claret-wine_n and_o cochinele_n the_o tincture_n be_v take_v for_o good_a rasberry-wine_n some_o of_o which_o retain_v its_o taste_n 2_o or_o 3_o year_n a_o short_a excursion_n about_o some_o change_n of_o taste_n make_v by_o maturation_n maturation_n taste_v produce_v by_o maturation_n that_o several_a fruit_n after_o they_o be_v gather_v acquire_v a_o great_a degree_n of_o maturity_n after_o they_o be_v separate_v from_o have_v any_o communion_n with_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v beyond_o doubt_n since_o it_o be_v not_o only_o observe_v in_o england_n that_o apple_n and_o medlar_n become_v mellow_a after_o they_o be_v gather_v but_o the_o fruit_n call_v bananas_n in_o the_o east-indies_n be_v gather_v green_a and_o hang_v up_o to_o acquire_v a_o great_a degree_n of_o maturity_n and_o to_o ripen_v by_o degree_n and_o thereby_o undergo_v a_o change_n both_o in_o colour_n and_o taste_n and_o this_o i_o be_o tell_v have_v be_v often_o find_v true_a in_o america_n and_o that_o the_o texture_n and_o consistence_n of_o fruit_n may_v be_v much_o alter_v and_o vary_v by_o the_o influence_n of_o outward_a agent_n mechanical_o work_v upon_o they_o be_v evident_a in_o cherry_n which_o undergo_v a_o sensible_a alteration_n by_o a_o small_a bruise_v by_o which_o the_o part_n be_v force_v to_o work_v one_o upon_o another_o and_o another_o instance_n we_o have_v in_o warden_n set_v to_o roast_v in_o the_o ash_n and_o i_o have_v see_v a_o sort_n of_o pear_n betwixt_o france_n and_o savoy_n which_o be_v stew_v a_o while_n in_o a_o moderate_a heat_n will_v be_v reduce_v to_o a_o juicy_a substance_n of_o a_o lovely_a red_a colour_n and_o very_o sweet_a and_o luscious_a to_o the_o taste_n and_o some_o pear_n by_o a_o moderate_a compressure_n will_v lose_v their_o hardness_n and_o acquire_v a_o yield_a contexture_n and_o a_o pleasant_a taste_n but_o not_o only_o vegetable_a but_o more_o stubborn_a salt_n may_v be_v alter_v by_o a_o intestine_a motion_n of_o their_o own_o part_n when_o dissolve_v in_o water_n so_o as_o to_o become_v of_o a_o 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within_o so_o the_o sensory_a be_v indisposed_a that_o indisposition_n may_v vary_v the_o appearance_n of_o external_n object_n for_o i_o have_v take_v notice_n that_o after_o look_v upon_o the_o sun_n or_o moon_n with_o a_o telescope_n my_o eye_n have_v be_v so_o alter_v that_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n seem_v to_o vary_v much_o in_o its_o colour_n from_o what_o it_o use_v to_o be_v and_o if_o i_o often_o open_v and_o shut_v my_o eye_n whilst_o that_o adventitious_a colour_n seem_v to_o last_o i_o can_v discern_v it_o gradual_o diminish_v till_o the_o candle_n appear_v to_o i_o as_o before_o and_o one_o thing_n worthy_a of_o notice_n be_v that_o if_o i_o look_v upon_o the_o object_n with_o one_o eye_n when_o the_o dazzle_a eye_n be_v shut_v the_o adventitious_a colour_n disappear_v but_o be_v visible_a again_o upon_o open_v the_o dazzle_a eye_n to_o this_o observation_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o lady_n who_o have_v by_o a_o fall_n get_v a_o hurt_a near_o her_o eye_n for_o 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except_o their_o peculiar_a texture_n will_v render_v they_o more_o capable_a of_o be_v work_v on_o by_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n than_o other_o body_n otherwise_o soft_a than_o they_o but_o whatever_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o beam_n of_o light_n be_v very_o spare_o reflect_v from_o opacous_a body_n that_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o blackness_n will_v be_v render_v probable_a if_o we_o take_v notice_n that_o if_o a_o black_a substance_n be_v hold_v partly_o in_o the_o sunshine_n and_o partly_o out_o that_o part_n will_v appear_v black_a which_o be_v least_o shine_v upon_o and_o if_o the_o rough_a surface_n of_o a_o black_a marble_n be_v well_o polish_v and_o bring_v to_o the_o form_n of_o a_o concave_a speculum_fw-la it_o will_v represent_v the_o image_n of_o the_o sun_n without_o dazzle_v the_o eye_n and_o will_v not_o in_o a_o long_a time_n set_v wood_n on_o fire_n though_o a_o less_o speculum_fw-la of_o matter_n of_o a_o more_o reflect_a nature_n will_v cause_v it_o to_o flame_n in_o a_o trice_n and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v set_v a_o white_a and_o a_o black_a marble_n mortar_n in_o the_o sun_n the_o black_a one_o collect_v the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n so_o as_o to_o form_v a_o focus_n much_o more_o conspicuous_a and_o hot_a than_o the_o other_o by_o which_o they_o be_v more_o disperse_v and_o reflect_v a_o glare_a light_n and_o the_o beam_n of_o a_o candle_n be_v cast_v upon_o two_o piece_n of_o marble_n through_o a_o round_a hole_n half_o a_o inch_n diameter_n the_o circle_n of_o light_n on_o the_o black_a one_o though_o much_o less_o luminous_a be_v better_o define_v and_o for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o our_o hypothesis_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o when_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n fall_v on_o the_o holes_n in_o linen_n cloth_n or_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o well_o those_o part_n be_v much_o dark_a the_o beam_n of_o light_n be_v not_o reflect_v back_o upon_o the_o eye_n and_o even_o black_a velvet_n be_v stroke_v up_o and_o 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the_o roughness_n of_o the_o latter_a and_o for_o these_o reason_n i_o be_o the_o rather_o incline_v to_o believe_v the_o doctrine_n propose_v leave_v it_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o experience_n whether_o the_o beam_n of_o light_n be_v reflect_v from_o opacous_a body_n and_o so_o different_o modify_v before_o they_o reach_v the_o eye_n or_o whether_o from_o white_a body_n they_o be_v not_o move_v more_o brisk_o chap._n vi_o experiment_n in_o consort_n concern_v whitness_n and_o blackness_n experiment_n i._n blackness_n several_a experiment_n concern_v whitness_n &_o blackness_n to_o show_v that_o the_o colour_n of_o two_o diaphanous_a liquor_n may_v be_v destroy_v by_o a_o change_n of_o texture_n satiate_v warm_a water_n with_o sublimate_n and_o have_v filter_v it_o through_o cap-paper_n to_o render_v it_o clear_a and_o limpid_a if_o a_o few_o drop_n of_o spirit_n of_o urine_n be_v drop_v into_o two_o spoonsful_a of_o it_o the_o mixture_n will_v immediate_o become_v white_a yet_o by_o a_o addition_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la it_o will_v again_o become_v transparent_a and_o will_v become_v white_a again_o with_o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o the_o like_a have_v succeed_v in_o other_o experiment_n as_o well_o as_o of_o these_o experiment_n ii_o if_o a_o solution_n of_o vitriol_n be_v shake_v with_o a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n dilute_v with_o water_n it_o will_v turn_v it_o black_a but_o by_o a_o addition_n of_o a_o few_o drop_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n it_o will_v present_o lay_v down_o its_o dark_a colour_n and_o become_v transparent_a but_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n dissolve_v it_o will_v again_o acquire_v a_o blackness_n and_o though_o this_o ink_n be_v pale_a yet_o when_o dry_a it_o be_v very_a black_n the_o like_a succeed_v with_o common_a ink_n but_o not_o so_o easy_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o salt_n be_v hinder_v by_o the_o gum._n and_o here_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o it_o be_v general_o allow_v that_o alkalizate_a 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white_a wood_n as_o hazel_n will_v yield_v a_o black_a charcoal_n and_o whitish_a ash_n and_o even_o animal_n substance_n grow_v black_a by_o be_v burn_v and_o white_a when_o perfect_o calcine_v experiment_n iu._n though_o it_o be_v hold_v as_o a_o maxim_n by_o some_o philosopher_n and_o most_o chemist_n viz._n adusta_fw-la nigra_fw-la sed_fw-la perusta_fw-mi alba_fw-la yet_o i_o have_v try_v that_o alabaster_n burn_v yield_v a_o yellow_a and_o lead_v calcine_v form_n a_o red_a minium_n which_o urge_v further_o by_o the_o fire_n turn_v to_o a_o glass_n dark_a than_o minium_n so_o likewise_o white_a calx_fw-la of_o antimony_n yield_v a_o glass_n of_o a_o red_a colour_n deep_a than_o the_o calx_fw-la of_o burn_a antimony_n and_o though_o common_a glass_n of_o antimony_n adulterate_v
come_v through_o it_o that_o they_o appear_v to_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o greenish_a blue_n and_o the_o like_v succeed_v with_o a_o leaf_n of_o silver_n experiment_n x._o i_o be_o tell_v that_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la be_v use_v in_o the_o country_n where_o it_o grow_v as_o a_o excellent_a medicine_n against_o the_o stone_n which_o virtue_n monardes_n likewise_o ascribe_v to_o it_o give_v in_o infusion_n a_o infusion_n of_o this_o wood_n if_o it_o be_v not_o too_o strong_a will_v appear_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o light_n to_o be_v of_o a_o golden_a colour_n except_o that_o upon_o the_o top_n it_o will_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o sky_n colour_a circle_n but_o if_o your_o eye_n be_v place_v betwixt_o the_o window_n and_o the_o vial_n the_o liquor_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v of_o a_o lovely_a blue_n and_o this_o experiment_n have_v succeed_v by_o candle_n light_n if_o the_o liquor_n be_v hold_v partly_o before_o the_o eye_n and_o a_o light_n and_o partly_o betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o a_o opacous_a body_n it_o will_v half_o of_o it_o seem_v of_o a_o golden_a colour_n and_o half_a a_o blue_n but_o if_o turn_v your_o back_n on_o the_o window_n you_o observe_v the_o liquor_n as_o it_o be_v pour_v out_o it_o will_v at_o the_o first_o seem_v blue_a but_o when_o it_o have_v fall_v low_a and_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n penetrate_v it_o more_o it_o will_v seem_v particoulour_v if_o a_o little_a of_o this_o tincture_n be_v pour_v into_o a_o basin_n of_o water_n partly_o in_o the_o sun_n beam_n and_o partly_o shade_v it_o will_v afford_v several_a please_a phaenomena_n if_o some_o of_o it_o be_v pour_v upon_o white_a paper_n the_o drop_n about_o it_o will_v appear_v of_o different_a colour_n as_o the_o position_n of_o the_o eye_n in_o reference_n to_o they_o vary_v and_o when_o it_o be_v pour_v off_o the_o paper_n will_v be_v dye_v yellow_a and_o if_o this_o be_v place_v in_o a_o window_n in_o the_o sunshine_n and_o a_o pen_n hold_v betwixt_o the_o sun_n and_o part_n 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witness_n be_v bring_v from_o nova_n hispania_n and_o be_v not_o of_o a_o white_a but_o a_o dark_a colour_n except_o on_o the_o outside_n which_o part_n be_v much_o weak_a than_o the_o other_o beside_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o his_o tincture_n be_v like_o spring_n water_n when_o hold_v betwixt_o the_o light_n whereas_o we_o be_v yellowish_a or_o reddish_n as_o the_o tincture_n be_v weak_a or_o strong_a and_o since_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o tincture_n will_v afford_v all_o sort_n of_o colour_n and_o resume_v a_o ceruleous_a colour_n in_o the_o dark_a i_o can_v wish_v to_o know_v how_o he_o be_v convince_v of_o the_o latter_a and_o as_o for_o the_o former_a i_o have_v try_v that_o it_o will_v not_o at_o all_o answer_n though_o this_o i_o must_v needs_o own_o that_o have_v hold_v a_o tincture_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la in_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o a_o darken_a room_n partly_o in_o and_o partly_o out_o and_o also_o whole_o out_o of_o the_o beam_n but_o partly_o near_o they_o it_o afford_v a_o much_o great_a variety_n of_o colour_n than_o in_o a_o lighten_v room_n in_o this_o experiment_n it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a to_o be_v admire_v that_o the_o blue_a colour_n shall_v be_v so_o easy_o destroy_v whereas_o the_o yellow_a colour_n be_v so_o durable_a and_o further_o that_o acid_n salt_n shall_v destroy_v it_o and_o sulphureous_a one_o restore_v it_o a_o corollary_n of_o the_o ten_o experiment_n adistinguish_v acid_n and_o sulphureous_a salis_n adistinguish_v this_o experiment_n may_v give_v we_o a_o hint_n towards_o a_o discovery_n of_o some_o way_n to_o distinguish_v whether_o liquor_n abound_v with_o acid_n or_o sulphureous_a salt_n for_o if_o they_o be_v acid_n they_o destroy_v the_o ceruleous_a colour_n if_o sulphureous_a they_o restore_v it_o and_o by_o this_o method_n we_o have_v find_v that_o though_o it_o have_v be_v doubt_v what_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o quicklime_n it_o abound_v with_o lixiviate_v rather_o than_o acid_n salt_n but_o of_o what_o use_v this_o tincture_n may_v be_v where_o neither_o acid_n nor_o alkalious_a salt_n be_v predominant_a i_o leave_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o experience_n since_o i_o find_v not_o that_o spirit_n of_o wine_n spirit_n of_o tartar_n free_v from_o acidity_n or_o chemical_a oil_n of_o turpentine_n will_v restore_v the_o ceruleous_a colour_n of_o this_o tincture_n when_o it_o disappear_v upon_o a_o mixture_n of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n experiment_n xi_o i_o have_v a_o flat_a piece_n of_o glass_n which_o hold_v betwixt_o my_o eye_n and_o the_o light_n appear_v yellow_a but_o be_v hold_v so_o that_o it_o reflect_v few_o beam_n upon_o the_o eye_n it_o degenerate_v into_o to_o a_o pale_a blue_n and_o the_o same_o piece_n of_o glass_n be_v hold_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o horizon_n that_o part_n which_o the_o sun_n shine_v on_o will_v be_v of_o a_o more_o dilute_a yellow_a than_o the_o other_o which_o be_v shade_v but_o if_o it_o be_v hold_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o horizon_n the_o shade_a part_n will_v be_v of_o a_o golden_a colour_n and_o the_o other_o blue_n if_o the_o sunbeam_n pass_v through_o it_o upon_o a_o white_a paper_n they_o will_v represent_v a_o yellow_a yet_o the_o position_n may_v be_v so_o vary_v as_o to_o yield_v a_o mix_v colour_n more_o or_o less_o incline_v to_o yellow_a in_o some_o place_n and_o in_o other_o to_o blue_n n._n one_a in_o try_v of_o these_o experiment_n the_o sunbeam_n must_v fall_v upon_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o one_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n on_o which_o we_o must_v take_v care_n to_o keep_v our_o eye_n and_o we_o have_v prepare_v a_o sort_n of_o glass_n which_o will_v answer_v our_o expectation_n by_o lay_v a_o leaf_n of_o silver_n on_o one_o side_n and_o urge_v it_o with_o a_o strong_a fire_n than_o usual_a and_o one_o thing_n in_o this_o experiment_n remarkable_a be_v that_o whereas_o common_a artificer_n colour_v their_o glass_n by_o put_v a_o calx_fw-la of_o silver_n calcine_v without_o corrosive_a liquor_n and_o temper_v with_o fair_a water_n on_o the_o plate_n of_o glass_n when_o they_o burn_v they_o they_o appear_v yellow_a whatever_o side_n be_v hold_v to_o the_o eye_n or_o in_o whatever_o posture_n but_o this_o of_o we_o hold_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o light_n appear_v transparent_o yellow_a but_o the_o eye_n be_v place_v betwixt_o the_o light_n and_o it_o it_o appear_v blue_a and_o not_o in_o the_o least_o transparent_a experiment_n xii_o it_o be_v worth_a observe_n that_o though_o painter_n can_v imitate_v most_o colour_n which_o be_v to_o be_v meet_v in_o nature_n yet_o they_o make_v use_v of_o no_o more_o than_o white_a black_a red_a blue_a and_o yellow_a to_o produce_v all_o their_o composition_n thus_o black_a and_o white_a represent_v several_a sort_n of_o grays_n blue_a and_o yellow_a
green_n red_a and_o yellow_a orange_a tawny_a red_a with_o a_o little_a white_a a_o carnation_n red_a with_o a_o eye_n of_o blue_n a_o purple_a and_o by_o a_o decomposition_n of_o all_o these_o they_o represent_v what_o colour_n they_o please_v but_o in_o produce_v of_o colour_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o we_o must_v take_v care_n that_o the_o pigment_n be_v so_o harmless_a as_o not_o to_o destroy_v each_o other_o texture_n for_o then_o the_o success_n will_v be_v frustrate_v experiment_n xii_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o body_n do_v not_o only_o seem_v compound_n when_o we_o look_v through_o two_o glass_n at_o once_o upon_o it_o but_o when_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v cast_v through_o a_o double_a glass_n the_o penetrate_a beam_n will_v be_v tinge_v with_o the_o compound_n colour_n but_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n cast_v by_o reflection_n on_o a_o sheet_n of_o paper_n from_o several_a varnish_v glass_n they_o be_v tinge_v with_o none_o of_o the_o colour_n except_o yellow_a so_o that_o i_o suspect_v the_o beam_n of_o light_a to_o penetrate_v deep_o into_o that_o substance_n than_o other_o and_o to_o be_v tinge_v with_o the_o varnish_n which_o guess_v i_o be_v confirm_v in_o by_o spread_v a_o little_a transparent_a varnish_n of_o a_o gold_n colour_n on_o a_o plate_n of_o muscovy_n glass_n for_o the_o ray_n thence_o reflect_v be_v of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n experiment_n fourteen_o i_o not_o only_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o those_o colour_n which_o be_v by_o the_o school_n take_v to_o be_v fantastical_a may_v be_v compound_v with_o as_o much_o certainty_n as_o real_a one_o but_o that_o if_o those_o colour_n be_v deficient_a the_o result_a colour_n will_v be_v so_o too_o and_o among_o those_o experiment_n i_o make_v it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o yellow_a beam_n of_o a_o iris_n pass_v through_o a_o blue_a glass_n be_v turn_v green_n and_o the_o blue_a part_n of_o a_o iris_n cast_v upon_o red_a cioth_n will_v turn_v it_o purple_a and_o by_o cast_v one_o part_n of_o a_o iris_n upon_o another_o iris_n make_v by_o another_o prism_n i_o can_v compound_v colour_n which_o will_v answer_v my_o expectation_n as_o well_o as_o with_o those_o that_o be_v esteem_v real_a colour_n experiment_n xv._o i_o endeavour_v to_o try_v what_o alteration_n will_v be_v make_v in_o colour_n by_o the_o use_n of_o a_o colour_a prism_n but_o i_o find_v that_o it_o be_v too_o difficult_a to_o get_v such_o as_o i_o desire_v since_o whatever_o pigment_n a_o prism_n be_v colour_a with_o they_o will_v make_v it_o too_o opake_v for_o our_o purpose_n experiment_n xvi_o there_o be_v some_o liquor_n which_o be_v of_o themselves_o devoid_a of_o colour_n but_o when_o raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n for_o the_o time_n have_v very_o conspicuous_a one_o as_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n put_v on_o a_o red_a or_o a_o deep_a yellow_a and_o i_o further_o observe_v that_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n traject_v through_o these_o steam_n appear_v tinge_v with_o their_o colour_n and_o so_o do_v the_o ray_n of_o light_n which_o be_v receive_v from_o the_o set_a sun_n upon_o a_o piece_n of_o white_a paper_n experiment_n xvii_o have_v mix_v colour_a powder_n together_o i_o observe_v that_o if_o a_o liquor_n be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o mixture_n the_o same_o colour_n will_v not_o emerge_n as_o from_o the_o dry_a powder_n orpiment_n and_o yellow_a ochre_n be_v mix_v afford_v a_o good_a green_n a_o yellow_a solution_n of_o gold_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la be_v mix_v with_o a_o blue_a solution_n of_o crude_a copper_n by_o shake_v yield_v a_o transparent_a green_n and_o so_o do_v blue_a and_o yellow_a amel_n melt_v together_o whether_o this_o compound_a colour_n proceed_v from_o a_o union_n of_o ray_n or_o else_o from_o the_o joint_n effect_v they_o have_v upon_o the_o retina_fw-la as_o when_o two_o string_n sound_v at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o make_v one_o unite_v sound_v i_o shall_v not_o now_o stay_v to_o examine_v but_o shall_v brief_o intimate_v that_o by_o a_o good_a microscope_n i_o can_v discern_v each_o of_o the_o powder_n of_o the_o bise_n and_o orpiment_n distinct_a so_o that_o a_o transposition_n and_o juxtaposition_n of_o part_n may_v produce_v a_o new_a colour_n by_o various_o modify_v and_o reflect_v the_o ray_n of_o light_n that_o fall_n upon_o they_o so_o that_o colour_n be_v mechanical_o produce_v there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o substantial_a form_n to_o explicate_v they_o nor_o do_v they_o seem_v to_o be_v such_o inherent_a colour_n as_o they_o will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v since_o they_o consist_v only_o of_o a_o heap_n of_o mix_v particle_n of_o matter_n nor_o do_v it_o appear_v how_o these_o compound_a colour_n shall_v be_v cause_v by_o a_o sulphur_n which_o though_o the_o ingredient_n must_v contain_v it_o cause_n no_o such_o effect_n there_o experiment_n xviii_o syrup_n of_o violet_n be_v drop_v upon_o paper_n and_o a_o yellow_a solution_n of_o gold_n mix_v with_o it_o the_o result_n be_v a_o red_a not_o a_o green_a which_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o acid_n salt_n in_o the_o solution_n so_o that_o to_o produce_v a_o particular_a colour_n with_o certainty_n by_o the_o mixture_n of_o ingredient_n it_o be_v requisite_a they_o shall_v be_v such_o as_o may_v be_v mix_v without_o alter_v each_o other_o texture_n for_o a_o blue_a solution_n of_o copper_n in_o spirit_n of_o urine_n make_v with_o syrup_n of_o violet_n not_o a_o blue_n but_o a_o green_n experiment_n xix_o to_o show_v that_o colour_n may_v be_v alter_v without_o any_o change_n in_o the_o chemical_a principle_n of_o a_o body_n i_o shall_v urge_v that_o essential_a oil_n or_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v shake_v till_o bubble_n rise_v they_o will_v afford_v as_o long_o as_o they_o last_o very_o lively_a colour_n and_o so_o do_v water_n and_o soap_n make_v into_o bubble_n by_o child_n and_o so_o will_v bubble_n in_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o thin_a one_o blow_v of_o glass_n and_o i_o have_v discern_v several_a rainbow_n represent_v by_o hold_v before_o my_o rye_n and_o the_o sun_n a_o feather_n or_o a_o piece_n of_o black_a ribbon_n experiment_n xx._n almost_o any_o acid_n mix_v with_o syrup_n of_o violet_n will_v turn_v it_o red_a but_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la will_v turn_v it_o green_a and_o all_o other_o alkalize_v salt_n and_o this_o may_v discover_v what_o salt_n be_v predominant_a in_o body_n as_o well_o as_o our_o tincture_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la only_o it_o will_v not_o be_v work_v upon_o by_o so_o slight_a and_o weak_a ingredient_n experiment_n xxi_o blue_a bottle_n or_o corn-weed_n be_v candy_v preserve_v its_o colour_n a_o long_a time_n and_o when_o new_o press_v the_o juice_n will_v be_v blue_a yet_o spirit_n of_o salt_n will_v turn_v it_o red_a and_o alkaly_n green_n and_o this_o be_v draw_v upon_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n moisten_v with_o a_o acid_n it_o render_v it_o red._n a_o solntion_n of_o blue_a vitriol_n in_o water_n upon_o a_o addition_n of_o a_o lixiviate_v liquor_n or_o a_o urinous_a salt_n become_v yellow_a whence_o it_o appear_v that_o volatile_a or_o alkalizate_a salt_n change_v not_o blue_n into_o green_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o a_o easy_a transition_n from_o blue_n to_o green_n but_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o they_o experiment_n xxii_o italian_n painter_n be_v use_v to_o imitate_v vliramarine_a azure_a by_o grind_a virdigrease_n with_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o leave_v it_o to_o rot_v in_o a_o dunghill_n this_o give_v we_o a_o hint_n to_o pour_v oil_n of_o tartar_n upon_o a_o solution_n of_o verdigrease_n which_o though_o at_o first_o the_o mixture_n be_v turbid_v yet_o be_v settle_v it_o produce_v a_o lovely_a tincture_n and_o a_o lixivium_n of_o pot-ash_n be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o this_o oil_n it_o yield_v a_o azure_a something_o pale_a than_o the_o former_a and_o if_o spirit_n of_o hartshorn_n be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o these_o a_o great_a variety_n of_o ceruleous_a liquor_n may_v be_v obtain_v the_o better_a way_n to_o separate_v these_o azure_a liquor_n from_o their_o fece_n be_v by_o decentation_n than_o filtration_n the_o lquor_n be_v by_o the_o latter_a mean_n usual_o stain_v experiment_n xxiii_o though_o the_o fume_n of_o sulphur_n usual_o whiten_n rose_n leave_v yet_o oil_n of_o sulphur_n per_fw-la campanam_fw-la heighten_v the_o colour_n of_o their_o tincture_n experiment_n xxiv_o a_o grain_n of_o cochinele_n dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o afterward_o gradual_o in_o water_n it_o give_v a_o tincture_n to_o above_o 125000_o time_n its_o weight_n which_o be_v a_o instance_n of_o the_o great_a minuteness_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n and_o of_o a_o vast_o minute_n
whilst_o it_o be_v stir_v about_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n in_o the_o weatherglass_n gradual_o subside_v experiment_n iu._n etc._n another_o immerse_v in_o spirit_n of_o roch_n allom_n etc._n etc._n have_v pour_v as_o much_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o roch_n allom_n into_o a_o wide_a mouth_a glass_n as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o cover_v the_o globulous_a part_n of_o a_o thermoscope_n when_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v equal_o cool_v with_o the_o air_n about_o it_o we_o pour_v into_o it_o a_o volatile_a salt_n obtain_v by_o sublimation_n from_o salarmoniack_a and_o a_o fix_a alcali_n and_o though_o upon_o the_o joint_a action_n of_o these_o two_o body_n a_o considerable_a noise_n be_v raise_v with_o bubble_n and_o froth_n yet_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n begin_v to_o subside_n and_o continue_v to_o do_v so_o till_o the_o spirit_n of_o allom_n be_v whole_o glut_v with_o the_o volatile_a salt_n the_o whole_a descent_n be_v the_o length_n of_o a_o inch._n from_o this_o experiment_n and_o the_o forego_n it_o appear_v that_o when_o alcaly_n and_o acid_n produce_v heat_n upon_o a_o mutual_a conflict_n which_o ensue_v their_o mixture_n they_o have_v not_o that_o effect_n precise_o consider_v as_o such_o since_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o a_o urinous_a salt_n mix_v with_o a_o acid_a spirit_n viz._n of_o roch_n allom_n produce_v coldness_n and_o not_o a_o true_a effervescence_n experiment_n v._n armon_n a_o thermoscope_n in_o a_o mixture_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o sal_fw-la armon_n one_o part_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v shake_v together_o with_o twelve_o part_n of_o water_n the_o mixture_n acquire_v a_o little_a warmth_n but_o when_o it_o be_v cool_v be_v pour_v into_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n and_o a_o thermometer_n immerse_v in_o it_o when_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o thermoscope_n be_v equal_o cool_v with_o the_o external_a we_o pour_v in_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o salarmoniack_a to_o glut_v the_o acid_n the_o effect_n of_o which_o mixture_n be_v that_o upon_o a_o cold_a ebullition_n the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n descend_v a_o inch._n experiment_n vi._n vitriol_n heat_v produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o saltpetre_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n though_o salt-peter_n usual_o produce_v a_o coldness_n in_o liquor_n yet_o eight_o ounce_n of_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o six_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n the_o mixture_n acquire_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o heat_n emit_v fume_n copious_o experiment_n vii_o water_n the_o effect_n of_o gunpowder_n mix_v with_o water_n though_o gunpowder_n be_v a_o body_n so_o inflammable_a yet_o it_o evident_o impart_v a_o coldness_n if_o mix_v with_o water_n if_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o salt_n former_o make_v use_v of_o before_o the_o oil_n have_v be_v mix_v with_o water_n it_o acquire_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n a_o digression_n about_o potential_a coldness_n explain_v potential_a coldness_n mechanical_o explain_v potential_a coldness_n be_v usual_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v a_o quality_n so_o absolute_a as_o not_o to_o be_v explicable_a without_o the_o doctrine_n of_o substantial_a form_n but_o it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o it_o may_v without_o any_o great_a difficulty_n be_v clear_o explain_v by_o mechanic_n principle_n if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o figure_n shape_n and_o texture_n of_o body_n may_v be_v so_o contrive_v as_o to_o lessen_v the_o usual_a and_o natural_a agitation_n of_o humour_n about_o our_o sensory_a and_o consequent_o the_o perception_n of_o this_o imminution_n may_v cause_v such_o a_o sensation_n as_o be_v usual_o term_v potential_a coldness_n which_o account_n be_v allow_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o potential_a coldness_n be_v only_o a_o relative_a quality_n depend_v on_o the_o dispersion_n of_o the_o agent_n through_o the_o body_n to_o be_v cool_v by_o they_o according_a to_o which_o notion_n the_o cold_a fit_n in_o ague_n may_v easy_o be_v conceive_v to_o arise_v from_o a_o intermixture_n of_o the_o part_n of_o some_o clammy_a matter_n which_o before_o a_o dissolution_n be_v unable_a to_o cause_v any_o considerable_a effect_n in_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n but_o present_o after_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o blood_n produce_v such_o a_o change_n in_o the_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n as_o affect_v the_o sensory_a with_o such_o a_o sensation_n as_o be_v usual_o esteem_v potential_a coldness_n which_o sensation_n may_v not_o only_o be_v so_o produce_v in_o ague_n but_o by_o a_o like_a cause_n in_o other_o distemper_n and_o in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o body_n as_o in_o hypochondriack_n and_o hysterical_a case_n to_o render_v which_o account_v more_o probable_a i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o i_o have_v learn_v by_o the_o effect_n of_o poison_n that_o the_o small_a part_n of_o they_o be_v interperse_v through_o the_o part_n of_o humour_n previous_o dispose_v may_v cause_v a_o notable_a refrigeration_n and_o i_o myself_o have_v prepare_v a_o penetrate_a chemical_a liquor_n a_o drop_n of_o which_o be_v give_v to_o a_o animal_n will_v cast_v he_o into_o a_o seem_a sleep_n and_o a_o little_o large_a quantity_n be_v by_o mischance_n apply_v to_o a_o akeing_n tooth_n give_v the_o person_n a_o sort_n of_o tremble_a and_o almost_o a_o universal_a refrigeration_n and_o that_o coldness_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o the_o mixture_n of_o some_o subtle_a part_n of_o matter_n with_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n appear_v from_o the_o follow_a history_n famulum_fw-la habui_fw-la say_v benivenius_n cap._n 56._o abditorum_fw-la apud_fw-la schenk_n lib._n 7._o de_fw-la venen_fw-la obs_n 24._o qui_fw-fr a_fw-fr scorpione_n ictus_fw-la tam_fw-la subito_fw-la ac_fw-la tam_fw-la frigido_fw-la sudore_fw-la toto_fw-la corpore_fw-la perfusus_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la algentissima_fw-la nive_n atque_fw-la glacie_n seize_v opprimi_fw-la quereretur_fw-la verum_fw-la cum_fw-la algenti_fw-la illi_fw-la solam_fw-la theriacam_n ex_fw-la vino_fw-la potentiore_fw-la exhibuissem_fw-la illico_fw-la curatus_fw-la est_fw-la and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v another_o relate_v by_o amatus_fw-la lusitanus_n cent._n 6._o obs_n vir_fw-la qui_fw-la a_o scorpione_n in_o manus_fw-la digito_fw-la punctus_fw-la fuit_fw-la multum_fw-la dolebat_fw-la &_o refrigeratus_fw-la totus_fw-la contremebat_fw-la &_o per_fw-la corpus_fw-la dolores_fw-la cute_fw-la tota_fw-la quasi_fw-la aut_fw-la puncta_fw-la formicantes_fw-la patiebatur_fw-la etc._n etc._n on_o what_o refrigeration_n depend_v on_o whether_o such_o refrigeration_n depend_v on_o a_o sort_n of_o coagulation_n of_o the_o minute_n part_v of_o the_o blood_n or_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v produce_v by_o a_o different_a determination_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o those_o liquor_n as_o to_o the_o line_n they_o move_v in_o i_o shall_v not_o now_o examine_v but_o shall_v rather_o offer_v it_o to_o be_v consider_v since_o the_o internal_a constitution_n of_o several_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v different_a from_o each_o other_o 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vitriol_n pour_v upon_o a_o solution_n of_o sal-armon_a to_o make_v it_o appear_v how_o much_o motion_n and_o texture_n may_v contribute_v to_o the_o production_n of_o cold_a we_o gradual_o add_v twelve_o ounce_n of_o water_n to_o a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o salarmoniack_a and_o whilst_o upon_o a_o dissolution_n of_o the_o salt_n the_o water_n become_v cold_a we_o pour_v in_o twelve_o ounce_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o which_o the_o mixture_n become_v hot_a where_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o though_o salarmoniack_a in_o either_o of_o these_o liquor_n produce_v cold_a yet_o a_o contrary_a effect_n shall_v happen_v upon_o its_o mixture_n with_o both_o together_o the_o reason_n of_o which_o can_v be_v no_o other_o but_o that_o the_o heat_v produce_v by_o the_o two_o liquor_n overpowr_v the_o degree_n of_o cold_a which_o the_o salt_n be_v able_a otherwise_o to_o produce_v experiment_n ix_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o same_o mixture_n be_v so_o uncertain_a sometime_o 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be_v much_o more_o uncertain_a which_o way_n of_o estimate_v weather-glass_n though_o it_o be_v not_o so_o certain_a as_o unquestionable_o to_o answer_v expectation_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v of_o advantage_n to_o come_v as_o near_o as_o we_o can_v to_o certainty_n but_o 2d_o consideration_n the_o 2d_o second_o there_o be_v unaccurateness_n in_o measure_v of_o cold_a by_o weather-glass_n which_o may_v be_v avoid_v yet_o be_v not_o since_o sufficient_a care_n be_v not_o take_v that_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o cylinder_n be_v exact_v all_o along_o from_o one_o end_n to_o another_o nor_o that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a proportion_n betwixt_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o cylinder_n and_o that_o of_o the_o pipe_n beside_o open_a weather-glass_n may_v be_v more_o commodious_o contrive_v for_o thermometrical_a experiment_n than_o those_o that_o be_v common_o make_v use_n of_o 2._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 2._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 2._o in_o which_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o vial_n be_v 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the_o expansion_n consider_v together_o be_v sufficient_a to_o render_v the_o hypothesis_n suspicious_a i_o be_o incline_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o condensation_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o ascent_n of_o the_o water_n depend_v on_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n as_o we_o shall_v in_o a_o little_a time_n make_v appear_v and_o then_o this_o computation_n will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o fallacious_a for_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v that_o the_o force_n require_v to_o compress_v air_n be_v in_o reciprocal_a proportion_n or_o thereabouts_o to_o the_o space_n comprehend_v the_o same_o proportion_n of_o air_n so_o that_o if_o a_o cylinder_n of_o four_o inch_n be_v able_a to_o resist_v a_o pressure_n equivalent_a to_o ten_o pound_n weight_n when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v compress_v into_o two_o inch_n a_o equal_a force_n superadd_v to_o the_o former_a will_v drive_v up_o that_o already_o compress_a air_n into_o half_a the_o space_n which_o be_v about_o a_o inch_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o in_o estimate_v the_o condensation_n of_o the_o air_n in_o a_o weatherglass_n we_o must_v not_o only_o consider_v how_o much_o space_n it_o be_v make_v to_o desert_n but_o also_o what_o proportion_n that_o desert_a space_n bear_v to_o the_o whole_a space_n it_o possess_v before_o and_o to_o what_o degree_n of_o density_n it_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o application_n of_o that_o force_n and_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o include_v air_n be_v not_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o that_o of_o a_o weight_n which_o may_v remain_v always_o the_o same_o but_o that_o of_o a_o spring_n forcible_o bend_v who_o resistance_n be_v great_a as_o it_o be_v crowd_v into_o less_o room_n consideration_n the_o four_o consideration_n four_o we_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o regard_n to_o the_o particular_a nature_n of_o the_o liquor_n employ_v in_o weather-glass_n till_o we_o have_v a_o more_o determinate_a theory_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o cold_a for_o among_o liquor_n it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o because_o the_o one_o be_v most_o subject_a to_o be_v affect_v with_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o cold_a and_o to_o freeze_v that_o the_o other_o be_v less_o susceptible_a of_o the_o low_a degree_n of_o it_o since_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o spirit_n of_o wine_n receive_v notable_a impression_n from_o faint_a degree_n of_o cold_a than_o water_n do_v when_o make_v use_v of_o in_o weather-glass_n though_o in_o our_o climate_n the_o latter_a be_v much_o more_o ready_o turn_v into_o ice_n beside_o we_o be_v not_o to_o conclude_v that_o all_o subtle_a and_o most_o spirituous_a liquor_n must_v be_v least_o capable_a of_o be_v congeal_v since_o oil_n of_o aniseed_n distil_v by_o a_o limbeck_n be_v extreme_o hot_a yet_o will_v it_o be_v congeal_v by_o a_o much_o gentle_a degree_n of_o cold_a than_o water_n and_o will_v be_v long_o undissolved_a upon_o a_o thaw_v and_o i_o know_v some_o distil_a liquor_n which_o consist_v of_o part_n very_o penetrate_v and_o vehement_o agitate_a yet_o more_o subject_n to_o freeze_v than_o the_o generality_n of_o chemical_a oil_n or_o saline_a spirit_n and_o indeed_o if_o we_o allow_v that_o cold_a depend_v on_o a_o diminution_n of_o the_o usual_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n i_o see_v not_o beside_o those_o more_o catholic_n agent_n which_o produce_v cold_a in_o most_o body_n they_o invade_v why_o one_o body_n may_v not_o be_v say_v to_o be_v more_o or_o less_o frigorifick_a in_o respect_n of_o this_o or_o that_o body_n and_o not_o of_o a_o three_o for_o quicksilver_n will_v be_v coagulate_v by_o the_o fume_n of_o lead_n which_o have_v no_o such_o effect_n on_o other_o body_n nor_o can_v the_o utmost_a degree_n of_o cold_a 〈…〉_o power_n to_o congeal_v it_o and_o from_o 〈…〉_o the_o jesuit_n relate_v it_o appear_v that_o water_n in_o peculiar_a region_n may_v receive_v such_o a_o disposition_n from_o the_o soil_n as_o to_o receive_v strange_a impression_n of_o cold_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o effect_n it_o produce_v there_o on_o humane_a body_n and_o though_o opium_n refrigerate_v not_o water_n as_o i_o have_v experience_v by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o good_a weatherglass_n yet_o a_o few_o grain_n of_o it_o present_o refrigerate_v the_o mass_n of_o blood_n which_o be_v not_o only_o a_o argument_n that_o most_o liquor_n have_v peculiar_a texture_n but_o that_o the_o part_n of_o one_o body_n may_v be_v so_o convenient_o shape_v as_o to_o be_v able_a by_o insinuate_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o another_o to_o stop_v the_o agitation_n of_o their_o part_n and_o in_o favour_n of_o what_o we_o have_v lay_v down_o i_o shall_v further_o add_v that_o i_o know_v more_o liquor_n than_o one_o which_o mingle_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n well_o dephelgm_v will_v present_o deprive_v it_o of_o its_o fluidity_n and_o the_o like_a change_n i_o have_v sometime_o observe_v in_o other_o liquor_n and_o i_o can_v make_v a_o liquor_n much_o of_o the_o same_o temper_n of_o water_n that_o receive_v a_o degree_n of_o coldness_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o certain_a substance_n which_o stop_v the_o agitation_n of_o its_o part_n that_o will_v scarce_o have_v any_o sensible_a effect_n on_o water_n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o what_o we_o have_v further_a to_o offer_v in_o favour_n of_o our_o new_a thermometer_n thermometer_n consideration_n concern_v the_o new_a thermometer_n beside_o that_o the_o water_n and_o air_n may_v be_v both_o alternate_o condense_v without_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n gravity_n they_o have_v another_o advantage_n that_o they_o may_v be_v use_v in_o several_a place_n and_o remove_v without_o spill_v the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o they_o or_o without_o danger_n of_o it_o be_v evaporate_v beside_o they_o may_v be_v safe_o let_v down_o into_o any_o liquor_n even_o the_o most_o corrosive_a it_o we_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o examine_v
their_o in_o do_v of_o which_o instead_o of_o liquor_n make_v use_v of_o in_o common_a glass_n we_o employ_v spirit_n of_o wine_n tinge_v with_o cochineal_n open_v by_o the_o most_o volatile_a spirit_n of_o urine_n which_o be_v not_o only_o in_o less_o danger_n of_o be_v freeze_v but_o susceptible_a of_o the_o slight_a degree_n of_o cold_a impress_v upon_o it_o by_o external_a body_n but_o though_o we_o think_v these_o weather-glass_n subject_a to_o few_o exception_n than_o common_a one_o yet_o in_o estimate_v the_o several_a degree_n of_o cold_a we_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o instrument_n to_o be_v employ_v by_o our_o reason_n and_o not_o quite_o exempt_a from_o those_o imperfection_n we_o have_v impute_v to_o weather-glass_n since_o i_o suspect_v that_o some_o sort_n of_o steam_n penetrate_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n may_v have_v other_o effect_n upon_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n than_o what_o they_o have_v in_o reference_n to_o heat_n and_o cold_a for_o i_o once_o observe_v that_o have_v immerse_v the_o ball_n of_o a_o weatherglass_n in_o a_o strange_a kind_n of_o a_o lukewarm_a mixture_n the_o spirit_n rise_v up_o slow_o 8_o or_o 9_o inch_n in_o a_o tube_n not_o above_o a_o foot_n long_o and_o subside_v not_o again_o much_o above_o half_a a_o inch_n when_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n a_o good_a while_n after_o it_o have_v be_v immerse_v in_o water_n 5_o hour_n the_o chemist_n orthelius_fw-la in_o his_o theatrum_fw-la chymicum_fw-la vol._n 6._o tell_v we_o that_o the_o liquor_n distil_v from_o the_o oar_n of_o magnesia_n or_o bismute_v will_v swell_v considerable_o in_o the_o glass_n it_o be_v keep_v in_o at_o the_o full_a moon_n and_o subside_o at_o the_o new_a which_o observation_n the_o jesuit_n casatus_fw-la make_v use_v of_o as_o a_o argument_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v myself_o a_o tincture_n of_o amber_n make_v with_o rectify_a spirit_n of_o wine_n undergo_v several_a change_n when_o stop_v up_o in_o a_o bottle_n which_o other_o liquor_n abound_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n do_v not_o so_o that_o not_o unlikely_a if_o weather-glass_n furnish_v with_o different_a liquor_n be_v keep_v together_o in_o the_o same_o place_n there_o will_v be_v some_o disparity_n which_o can_v be_v ascribe_v to_o nothing_o but_o the_o peculiar_a nature_n of_o the_o respective_a liquor_n which_o though_o of_o different_a kind_n may_v receive_v the_o same_o colour_n from_o the_o same_o metal_n so_o copper_n give_v the_o know_a colour_n to_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o afford_v a_o fair_a solution_n in_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la as_o well_o as_o give_v a_o lovely_a blue_n to_o spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o shall_v ammoniac_a and_o i_o have_v find_v that_o it_o will_v give_v a_o good_a tincture_n to_o chemical_a oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o to_o show_v that_o even_o spirit_n of_o wine_n in_o weather-glass_n may_v be_v work_v upon_o and_o influence_v by_o external_a body_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o one_o that_o lie_v by_o i_o some_o time_n emergent_a bubble_n which_o whether_o they_o be_v only_o make_v up_o of_o unite_a bubble_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o liquor_n or_o some_o part_n of_o the_o wine_n dispose_v to_o elasticity_n by_o frequent_a alteration_n i_o examine_v not_o but_o sometime_o they_o have_v be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o possess_v many_o inch_n of_o space_n in_o the_o shank_n of_o the_o weatherglass_n which_o bubble_n if_o they_o be_v small_a and_o lurk_v about_o the_o juncture_n of_o the_o ball_n and_o of_o the_o cylinder_n may_v by_o divide_v the_o spirit_n in_o the_o stem_n from_o that_o in_o the_o ball_n hinder_v it_o from_o rise_v according_a to_o the_o change_n of_o the_o wether_n a_o bubble_n of_o air_n be_v more_o dicffiult_o remove_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o stem_n of_o the_o glass_n than_o the_o spirit_n itself_o in_o favour_n of_o which_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v that_o water_n will_v pass_v through_o a_o narrow_a space_n than_o air_n except_o the_o latter_a be_v force_v 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dissolve_v in_o high_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n or_o in_o other_o sulphereous_a or_o resinous_n concretion_n dissolve_v in_o the_o same_o liquor_n will_v shoot_v into_o fine_a figure_a mass_n in_o cold_a wether_n and_o re-dissolve_a in_o warm_a other_o be_v more_o rude_o congeal_v and_o even_o in_o chemical_a preparation_n of_o hartshorn_n and_o urine_n i_o have_v observe_v that_o sometime_o the_o spirit_n will_v be_v clear_a and_o at_o other_o time_n will_v suffer_v a_o great_a or_o less_o quantity_n of_o salt_n to_o crystallise_v at_o the_o bottom_n according_a to_o the_o various_a alteration_n of_o the_o wether_n in_o point_n of_o heat_n or_o cold._n but_o to_o bring_v instance_n from_o more_o obvious_a liquor_n it_o be_v observe_v in_o some_o part_n of_o france_n by_o the_o watermen_n that_o their_o boat_n will_v carry_v great_a load_v in_o winter_n than_o summer_n and_o on_o freeze_a coast_n in_o several_a country_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o ship_n draw_v less_o water_n than_o on_o our_o british_a coast_n which_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o the_o water_n be_v heavy_a and_o thick_a in_o winter_n than_o in_o summer_n and_o i_o myself_o have_v poise_v a_o bubble_n so_o exact_o with_o water_n in_o it_o that_o though_o it_o will_v swim_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n at_o night_n yet_o in_o the_o day_n when_o the_o sun_n have_v rarify_v the_o water_n it_o swim_v in_o it_o will_v subside_o to_o the_o bottom_n and_o sometime_o be_v so_o exact_o of_o a_o correspondent_a weight_n with_o and_o so_o equal_o poise_v in_o the_o water_n that_o it_o will_v neither_o subside_v nor_o swim_v upon_o the_o top_n but_o move_v up_o and_o down_o till_o the_o water_n be_v either_o more_o rarify_v or_o further_o condense_v from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o this_o chapter_n it_o appear_v one_a that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o various_a predisposition_n in_o body_n the_o testimony_n of_o our_o sense_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v in_o judge_v of_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o cold._n 2_o though_o weather-glass_n be_v subject_a to_o few_o alteration_n than_o our_o sense_n yet_o they_o may_v misinform_v we_o except_o we_o at_o the_o same_o time_n measure_v the_o air_n be_v gravity_n by_o other_o instrument_n 3_o our_o seal_a weather-glass_n be_v high_o preferable_a before_o common_a one_o four_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o will_v not_o have_v man_n easy_o deter_v from_o make_v experiment_n about_o estimate_v cold_a because_o they_o may_v seem_v disagreeable_a to_o vulgar_a notion_n since_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o the_o theory_n we_o have_v be_v not_o only_o very_o imperfect_a but_o ill_o ground_v chap._n iu._n concern_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o condensation_n of_o the_o air_n and_o ascent_n of_o water_n by_o cold_a in_o common_a weather-glass_n concern_v the_o reason_n why_o water_n in_o common_a weather-glass_n descend_v upon_o heat_n and_o be_v raise_v by_o cold_a there_o be_v three_o opinion_n which_o 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shall_v allege_v the_o follow_a experiment_n viz._n that_o doctrine_n experiment_n allege_v against_o their_o doctrine_n if_o a_o bolt-head_n with_o a_o long_a stem_n be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o try_v the_o torrecellian_a experiment_n with_o the_o space_n desert_v by_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o bolt-head_n and_o from_o whence_o the_o mercury_n drive_v the_o air_n continue_v void_a the_o pendulous_a cylinder_n remain_v at_o 30_o inch_n without_o offer_v to_o ascend_v to_o prevent_v a_o vacuum_n nor_o will_v the_o quicksilver_n rise_v ¼_n of_o a_o inch_n high_o upon_o the_o application_n of_o cold_a body_n outward_o though_o in_o a_o common_a thermometer_n the_o same_o degree_n of_o cold_a will_v make_v water_n ascend_v several_a inch_n to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v another_o argument_n take_v from_o the_o consideration_n of_o seal_a weather-glass_n see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 3._o in_o which_o it_o be_v observe_v 3._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 3._o that_o the_o air_n instead_o of_o contract_n upon_o a_o increase_n of_o cold_a expand_v itself_o if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o water_n contract_v the_o air_n follow_v it_o to_o prevent_v a_o vacuum_n it_o may_v be_v demand_v why_o since_o nature_n cause_v the_o one_o to_o contract_v in_o common_a glass_n and_o the_o other_o in_o seal_v one_o to_o avoid_v a_o vacuum_n she_o do_v not_o rather_o make_v the_o air_n retain_v its_o natural_a extension_n than_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v condense_v and_o then_o put_v herself_o to_o double_a trouble_n in_o compel_v the_o water_n to_o ascend_v contrary_a to_o its_o nature_n but_o not_o to_o insist_v on_o these_o argument_n i_o shall_v rather_o urge_v that_o what_o be_v offer_v by_o they_o will_v not_o solve_v the_o difficulty_n for_o whether_o the_o water_n or_o air_n be_v expanded_a into_o a_o large_a space_n since_o glass_n be_v impervious_a to_o air_n and_o water_n i_o see_v not_o how_o a_o vacuum_n interspersum_fw-la and_o coacervatum_fw-la can_v be_v avoid_v for_o if_o upon_o the_o expansion_n no_o other_o body_n be_v add_v and_o penetrate_v the_o glass_n to_o fill_v the_o space_n desert_v by_o some_o part_n of_o the_o expanded_a body_n there_o must_v remain_v vacuity_n betwixt_o they_o because_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o same_o quantity_n of_o matter_n shall_v complete_o and_o adequate_o fill_v a_o great_a space_n by_o be_v expanded_a the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v only_o able_a inadequate_o to_o fill_v it_o by_o recede_v from_o each_o other_o but_o be_v it_o allow_v that_o upon_o the_o expansion_n of_o one_o of_o these_o body_n and_o the_o condensation_n of_o the_o other_o a_o three_o substance_n harbour_v in_o the_o space_n desert_v by_o the_o one_o it_o may_v be_v question_v how_o such_o matter_n shall_v make_v its_o way_n out_o again_o examine_v mr._n hobbes_n his_o doctrine_n examine_v the_o second_o opinion_n i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o be_v that_o of_o mr._n hobbes_n which_o be_v to_o i_o partly_o precarious_a partly_o insufficient_a and_o scarce_o intelligible_a for_o though_o when_o he_o assert_n that_o the_o coldness_n of_o liquor_n depend_v on_o their_o be_v press_v with_o a_o constant_a wind_n beside_o that_o he_o assert_v it_o without_o proof_n it_o will_v appear_v from_o a_o experiment_n short_o to_o be_v allege_v that_o liquor_n seal_v up_o in_o glass_n and_o suspend_v in_o liquor_n not_o subject_a to_o freeze_v may_v be_v refrigerated_a though_o it_o appear_v not_o how_o they_o can_v be_v rake_v on_o by_o the_o wind_n as_o his_o hypothesis_n require_v second_o i_o see_v no_o necessity_n that_o the_o cold_a shall_v press_v upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o shank_n since_o by_o cold_a it_o will_v be_v raise_v in_o a_o weather-glassess_a keep_v in_o a_o still_a place_n and_o void_a of_o any_o sensible_a wind._n beside_o he_o ought_v to_o show_v why_o air_n insensible_o move_v deserve_v to_o be_v style_v wind_n and_o how_o it_o be_v possible_a such_o a_o wind_n shall_v raise_v water_n so_o many_o inch_n by_o press_v upon_o it_o nay_o further_o water_n pour_v into_o a_o bolt-head_n till_o it_o reach_v into_o the_o stem_n will_v subside_o when_o refrigerated_a and_o not_o rise_v and_o if_o the_o ball_n of_o a_o weatherglass_n be_v encompass_v with_o a_o mixture_n of_o ice_n or_o snow_n and_o salt_n the_o water_n will_v ready_o ascend_v which_o how_o it_o will_v be_v explain_v by_o mr._n hobbes_n hypothesis_n i_o do_v not_o see_v three_o mr._n hobbes_n allow_v not_o of_o a_o vacuum_n i_o wonder_v he_o shall_v tell_v we_o that_o by_o a_o bare_a pressure_n the_o water_n find_v no_o other_o place_n to_o recede_v into_o be_v force_v to_o rise_v into_o the_o shank_n of_o the_o weatherglass_n for_o since_o according_a to_o he_o the_o shank_n of_o the_o weatherglass_n must_v be_v full_a before_o i_o see_v not_o how_o it_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o receive_v the_o ascend_a water_n except_o to_o use_v mr._n hobbes_n own_o word_n it_o can_v be_v full_a than_o full_a beside_o it_o may_v be_v further_o allege_v against_o mr_n hobbes_n his_o doctrine_n that_o it_o give_v we_o no_o account_n of_o the_o condensation_n of_o the_o air_n by_o cold_a in_o weather-glass_n in_o which_o the_o water_n descend_v with_o cold_a and_o rise_v with_o heat_n four_o whereas_o mr._n hobbes_n in_o explain_v the_o depression_n of_o water_n in_o weather-glass_n attribute_n it_o sole_o to_o it_o be_v own_o gravity_n it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o we_o must_v likewise_o have_v recourse_n to_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air_n for_o if_o a_o thermometer_n be_v place_v in_o the_o sun_n when_o the_o water_n in_o the_o shank_n be_v but_o a_o little_a above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n without_o the_o tube_n the_o rarefy_v air_n will_v depress_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o pipe_n below_o the_o other_o and_o sometime_o so_o far_o that_o some_o of_o the_o rarefy_v air_n make_v its_o way_n out_o of_o the_o pipe_n as_o soon_o as_o 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air_n overpower_v the_o weaken_a spring_n of_o the_o internal_a in_o favour_n of_o this_o opinion_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a experiment_n 5._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 5._o and_o first_o have_v fill_v a_o vial_n capable_a of_o hold_v five_o or_o six_o ounce_n half_a full_a see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 5._o and_o have_v invert_v a_o glass_n tube_n into_o it_o about_o 10_o inch_n long_o much_o big_a than_o a_o swan_n quill_n it_o be_v first_o seal_v at_o one_o end_n and_o fill_v with_o water_n the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vial_n be_v close_v with_o cement_n so_o that_o the_o external_n and_o internal_a air_n have_v no_o communication_n with_o each_o other_o it_o be_v place_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n till_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vial_n begin_v to_o freeze_v yet_o notwithstanding_o so_o great_a a_o degree_n of_o refrigeration_n the_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n do_v not_o at_o all_o descend_v so_o that_o either_o the_o air_n be_v not_o condense_v 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again_o when_o the_o internal_a air_n be_v rarify_v within_o half_a a_o inch_n of_o the_o top_n and_o then_o the_o apex_n be_v seal_v up_o it_o be_v place_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n yet_o the_o air_n in_o the_o top_n have_v its_o spring_n so_o weaken_v by_o refrigeration_n that_o it_o be_v not_o able_a to_o depress_v the_o water_n though_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o apex_n be_v break_v off_o it_o subsided_a several_a inch_n the_o external_a air_n press_v upon_o it_o the_o experiment_n be_v a_o three_o time_n reiterated_a with_o 3_o ½_n of_o air_n in_o the_o pipe_n when_o the_o water_n in_o the_o vial_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n freeze_v it_o be_v able_a to_o expand_v itself_o a_o little_a but_o when_o the_o apex_n be_v break_v off_o the_o external_n air_n depress_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n two_o inch_n but_o be_v remove_v into_o a_o warm_a room_n it_o ascend_v above_o a_o inch_n high_o than_o the_o uppermost_a level_n have_v put_v so_o much_o water_n into_o a_o vessel_n 6._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 6._o such_o as_o plate_n 1_o fig._n 6._o delineates_n as_o be_v able_a to_o fill_v almost_o the_o whole_a tube_n we_o cause_v a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n to_o be_v place_v about_o the_o ball_n of_o it_o yet_o we_o perceive_v not_o the_o water_n in_o the_o least_o to_o rise_v but_o if_o at_o all_o it_o may_v well_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o the_o intumescence_n of_o some_o airy_a part_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n but_o the_o apex_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v break_v off_o under_o water_n the_o external_n air_n force_v the_o water_n several_a inch_n up_o into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o pipe_n another_o experiment_n we_o make_v with_o the_o follow_a vessel_n see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 7_o the_o stem_n of_o this_o be_v no_o thick_a than_o a_o raven_n quill_n though_o several_a inch_n long_o 7._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 7._o and_o the_o ball_n be_v about_o as_o big_a as_o a_o nutmeg_n we_o drop_v a_o few_o drop_n of_o water_n into_o the_o stem_n which_o be_v suspend_v there_o betray_v very_o slight_a change_n in_o the_o rarefaction_n or_o condensation_n of_o the_o internal_a air._n watch_v therefore_o when_o the_o air_n within_o have_v raise_v the_o bubble_n up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stem_n we_o immediate_o seal_v it_o up_o and_o observe_v that_o though_o the_o seal_a glass_n be_v place_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n the_o bubble_n do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o subside_n but_o if_o the_o apex_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v break_v off_o the_o bubble_n of_o water_n will_v be_v sometime_o depress_v so_o low_o as_o to_o fall_v into_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o weatherglass_n and_o what_o be_v further_o remarkable_a be_v that_o when_o the_o liquor_n be_v descend_v if_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v seal_v up_o the_o water_n will_v immediate_o stop_v at_o the_o place_n it_o rest_v at_o when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v take_v off_o where_o it_o will_v continue_v till_o the_o stem_n be_v break_v open_a again_o and_o then_o the_o water_n will_v be_v further_o depress_v as_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v able_a to_o overpower_v the_o resistance_n make_v by_o the_o internal_a air._n have_v make_v use_n of_o such_o a_o vessel_n as_o fig._n 7._o plate_n 1._o represent_v and_o convey_v a_o pretty_a quantity_n of_o water_n into_o both_o the_o leg_n 7._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 7._o we_o seal_v up_o the_o end_n of_o the_o bend_a stem_n leave_v so_o much_o air_n above_o it_o as_o we_o think_v convenient_a which_o be_v do_v we_o place_v the_o ball_n of_o it_o in_o a_o frame_n in_o which_o the_o tube_n hang_v down_o we_o can_v cover_v the_o round_a ball_n with_o snow_n and_o salt_n upon_o which_o the_o air_n in_o the_o stem_n be_v able_a to_o expand_v itself_o so_o far_o that_o the_o water_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n be_v raise_v the_o length_n of_o a_o barleycorn_n high_o than_o before_o and_o depress_v as_o much_o in_o the_o other_o but_o when_o the_o end_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v break_v open_a the_o water_n be_v raise_v 2_o ¼_n inch_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n and_o depress_v so_o low_o in_o the_o short_a that_o several_a bubble_n rise_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ball._n in_o which_o experiment_n it_o can_v be_v suppose_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n can_v be_v able_a to_o raise_v the_o water_n in_o the_o other_o except_o by_o virtue_n of_o its_o spring_n which_o be_v but_o small_a answerable_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o of_o it_o it_o can_v be_v expect_v that_o it_o shall_v have_v any_o considerable_a effect_n upon_o the_o air_n in_o the_o other_o leg_n though_o its_o spring_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n weaken_v by_o cold._n a_o explication_n of_o the_o figure_n in_o the_o first_o plate_n fig._n 1._o p._n 12._o a._n the_o ball_n or_o egg._n b_o c._n the_o stem_n d._n the_o little_a aqueous_a cylinder_n fig._n 2._o the_o open_a weatherglass_n mention_v p._n 16_o 22._o fig._n 3._o the_o seal_a weatherglass_n or_o thermoscope_n mention_v p._n 16._o fig._n 4._o the_o barometer_n or_o mercurial_a standard_n place_v in_o a_o frame_n b_o b._n mention_v p._n 17._o fig._n 5._o a_o instrument_n mention_v p._n 34._o a._n the_o vial._n b_o c._n the_o pipe_n cement_v into_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o vial_n open_a at_o c_o and_o seal_v at_o b._n fig._n 6._o p._n 35._o a._n the_o bolt-head_n b._n the_o small_a stem_n b_o c._n the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n enclose_v fig._n 7._o p._n 36._o chap._n v._o the_o experimental_a history_n of_o cold_a begin_v title_n i._o experiment_n concern_v body_n capable_a of_o freeze_v other_o before_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o cold_a it_o perhaps_o may_v be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v what_o body_n be_v capable_a of_o retain_v such_o quality_n and_o what_o be_v not_o but_o that_o be_v a_o consideration_n not_o so_o necessary_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n which_o be_v only_o to_o set_v down_o what_o observation_n we_o have_v make_v in_o body_n subject_a to_o be_v freeze_v i_o shall_v only_o in_o short_a take_v notice_n that_o most_o body_n except_o fire_n be_v susceptible_a of_o actual_a cold_a and_o it_o be_v a_o question_n whether_o even_o that_o be_v not_o rather_o a_o state_n of_o matter_n in_o such_o a_o peculiar_a motion_n than_o a_o distinct_a and_o particular_a species_n of_o natural_a body_n since_o even_o gunpowder_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n before_o they_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o some_o other_o body_n be_v actual_o cold._a but_o to_o proceed_v to_o what_o observation_n relate_v to_o our_o title_n other_o experiment_n of_o body_n capable_a of_o freeze_v other_o 1._o body_n cold_a enough_o to_o freeze_v other_o be_v very_o few_o here_o in_o england_n snow_n and_o salt_n mix_v be_v most_o remarkable_a which_o cool_a the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o those_o vessel_n which_o be_v close_v up_o in_o such_o mixture_n 2._o snow_n alone_o will_v not_o freeze_v water_n as_o a_o mixture_n of_o it_o and_o salt_n do_v and_o though_o water_v pour_v betwixt_o the_o interstice_n of_o snow_n or_o ice_n freeze_v yet_o there_o be_v a_o great_a disparity_n betwixt_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n and_o keep_v it_o up_o in_o vessel_n and_o though_o it_o be_v freeze_v when_o cover_v with_o snow_n in_o a_o bottle_n all_o night_n yet_o that_o may_v proceed_v from_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n as_o well_o as_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o snow_n 3._o if_o nitre_n alum_n vitriol_n salarmoniack_a or_o sugar_n be_v mix_v in_o due_a proportion_n with_o snow_n they_o will_v enable_v it_o to_o freeze_v though_o not_o so_o intense_o as_o common_a salt_n 4._o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v shake_v together_o with_o snow_n in_o the_o vial_n they_o cause_v a_o dew_n which_o be_v gather_v on_o the_o outside_n the_o glass_n to_o be_v freeze_v though_o the_o mixture_n within_o be_v not_o and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n mix_v with_o snow_n in_o a_o thin_a vial_n have_v the_o same_o effect_v only_o more_o intense_o 5._o but_o not_o only_o these_o acid_n spirit_n have_v these_o effect_n on_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o air_n condense_v on_o the_o outside_n the_o glass_n but_o likewise_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o spirit_n of_o sugar_n the_o former_a of_o these_o three_o be_v very_o powerful_a though_o the_o latter_a be_v not_o so_o strong_o frigorifick_a 6._o spirit_n of_o urine_n mix_v with_o snow_n in_o a_o vial_n freeze_v the_o external_n moisture_n weak_o but_o spirit_n of_o salarmoniack_a draw_v from_o quicklime_n do_v it_o powerful_o 7._o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n pour_v upon_o snow_n freeze_v moderate_o 8._o sal_fw-la gem_n with_o a_o
sublimate_n make_v with_o common_a sublimate_n and_o salarmoniack_a nay_o and_o with_o both_o loaf_n and_o kitchin-sugar_n as_o likewise_o a_o strong_a solution_n of_o pot-ash_n mix_v with_o snow_n do_v freeze_v though_o very_o faint_o and_o both_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o pot-ash_n agitate_a with_o snow_n in_o a_o small_a vial_n produce_v film_n of_o ice_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o glass_n though_o very_o thin_a one_o 9_o a_o sweet_a solution_n of_o minium_n in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n mix_v with_o snow_n excite_v the_o frigorifick_a quality_n of_o it_o yet_o some_o of_o that_o solution_n be_v enclose_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n will_v not_o be_v freeze_v by_o they_o snow_n shut_v up_o alone_o thaw_v much_o more_o slow_o than_o that_o which_o be_v mix_v with_o salt_n or_o spirit_n no_o salt_n will_v promote_v the_o frigorifick_a quality_n of_o snow_n so_o far_o as_o to_o enable_v it_o to_o freeze_v which_o quicken_v not_o its_o dissolution_n neither_o crystal_n of_o tartar_n nor_o borax_n both_o beat_v to_o powder_n nor_o sublimate_n will_v enable_v snow_n to_o freeze_v as_o well_o as_o the_o powder_n of_o each_o lie_v undissolved_a in_o it_o 10._o water_n of_o quicklime_n be_v twice_o try_v will_v not_o freeze_v but_o only_o gather_v a_o dew_n on_o the_o outside_n yet_o the_o liquor_n be_v keep_v up_o 12_o month_n the_o spirit_n with_o which_o those_o water_n abound_v fly_v away_o 11._o oil_n of_o turpentine_n in_o which_o ice_n dissolve_v slow_a than_o in_o several_a other_o liquor_n enable_v not_o snow_n to_o freeze_v though_o spirit_n of_o wine_n shut_v up_o with_o snow_n in_o a_o bottle_n enable_v it_o to_o freeze_v powerful_o and_o to_o chrystalize_v even_o urine_n itself_o which_o may_v be_v take_v off_o in_o scale_n 12._o spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o snow_n be_v mix_v together_o in_o a_o just_a proportion_n freeze_v very_o powerful_o and_o speedy_o not_o only_a water_n but_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o weak_a spirit_n of_o salt_n the_o first_o of_o which_o retain_v its_o taste_n when_o freeze_v and_o the_o latter_a shot_n into_o crystal_n which_o lay_v across_o each_o other_o a_o solution_n of_o salarmoniack_a partly_o evaporate_v will_v shoot_v into_o crystal_n like_o comb_n and_o feather_n and_o salarmoniack_a distil_v from_o quicklime_n will_v shoot_v into_o branch_n almost_o like_o those_o so_o nimble_o that_o one_o eye_n may_v discern_v they_o to_o spread_v and_o increase_v the_o like_a experiment_n be_v try_v with_o wine_n and_o strong_a ale_n succeed_v but_o very_o faint_o 13._o since_o body_n general_o help_v snow_n to_o freeze_v which_o hasten_v its_o dissolution_n we_o throw_v into_o a_o vial_n which_o contain_v snow_n heat_a sand_n which_o enable_v it_o to_o cause_v a_o dew_n but_o not_o to_o freeze_v and_o warm_a water_n pour_v into_o another_o when_o it_o have_v be_v shake_v produce_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o cold_a and_o gather_v dew_n but_o freeze_v it_o not_o 14._o though_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o the_o hoar-froast_a on_o glass-window_n be_v only_a exsudation_n through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o freeze_v by_o the_o external_n cold_a yet_o it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v rather_o on_o the_o inside_n the_o glass_n the_o steam_n which_o rove_v up_o and_o down_o the_o room_n be_v condense_v by_o the_o external_n cold_a and_o freeze_v 15._o to_o show_v that_o the_o ice_n which_o appear_v on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o vial_n in_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n proceed_v not_o from_o any_o subtle_a part_n of_o the_o mixture_n penetrate_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o settle_v on_o the_o outside_n we_o find_v that_o four_o ounce_n and_o ¼_n of_o the_o mixture_n of_o ice_n and_o salt_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o vial_n by_o the_o access_n of_o dew_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o weight_n of_o it_o be_v increase_v 12_o grain_n another_o vial_n which_o contain_v two_o ounce_n six_o dram_fw-la and_o a_o half_a increase_v in_o weight_n 4_o grain_n the_o vial_n be_v unseal_v under_o water_n it_o suck_v in_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o it_o six_o ounce_n snow_n and_o salt_n be_v seal_v up_o in_o a_o glass_n the_o hoar-frost_n be_v wipe_v off_o but_o return_v again_o and_o the_o vial_n be_v counterpoise_v in_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n the_o vapour_n condense_v by_o the_o coldness_n of_o it_o in_o the_o time_n that_o the_o snow_n be_v melt_v weigh_v 10_o grain_n a_o like_a quantity_n of_o snow_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o single_a vial_n the_o outside_n be_v present_o cover_v with_o ice_n and_o in_o all_o it_o become_v 7_o grain_n heavy_a than_o before_o another_o time_n a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n which_o weigh_v 3_o ¾_n ounce_n afford_v 18_o grain_n of_o condense_a vapour_n and_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salgem_n which_o counterpoise_v 3_o ounce_n and_o 70_o grain_n upon_o a_o additional_a weight_n of_o condense_a vapour_n weigh_v 20_o grain_n more_o than_o before_o title_n ii_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v body_n dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v freeze_v of_o body_n dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v without_o any_o more_o than_o bare_o intimate_v that_o there_o be_v several_a body_n dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v by_o one_o degree_n of_o cold_a that_o be_v not_o with_o another_o i_o shall_v observe_v 1._o that_o in_o very_o cold_a snowy_a wether_n water_n urine_n beer_n ale_n milk_n vinegar_n french_a and_o rhenish_a wine_n be_v either_o total_o or_o partly_o turn_v into_o ice_n but_o beside_o these_o more_o obvious_a instance_n we_o freeze_v a_o solution_n of_o sugar_n and_o another_o of_o gum_n arabic_a in_o water_n a_o solution_n of_o alum_n nitre_n and_o vinegar_n freeze_v without_o afford_v any_o considerable_a phaenomena_n a_o solution_n of_o vitriol_n be_v in_o part_n freeze_v and_o in_o part_n unfreeze_v that_o which_o be_v freeze_v being_n not_o much_o different_a in_o colour_n from_o water_n but_o the_o unfreeze_v part_n be_v of_o a_o very_a high_a vitriol-colour_n 2._o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n expose_v to_o a_o intense_a fire_n both_o of_o they_o freeze_v 3._o a_o drachm_n of_o salt_n of_o pot-ash_n be_v dissolve_v in_o two_o ounce_n of_o water_n present_o freeze_v in_o a_o intense_a cold_a and_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la or_o at_o least_o a_o solution_n of_o the_o fix_a salt_n of_o tartar_n be_v congeal_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n appendix_n to_o the_o ii_o title_n oil_n become_v much_o more_o hard_a in_o muscovy_n than_o here_o in_o england_n in_o the_o most_o excessive_a cold_n but_o will_v in_o neither_o be_v turn_v into_o perfect_a ice_n and_o captain_n james_n speak_v of_o a_o island_n where_o he_o and_o his_o man_n be_v force_v to_o winter_n pag._n 58_o say_v all_z our_o sack_n vinegar_n oil_n and_o every_o thing_n else_o that_o be_v liquid_a be_v now_o freeze_v as_o hard_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o wood_n and_o we_o must_v cut_v it_o with_o a_o hatchet_n and_o olaus_n magnus_n gent._n sept._n hist_o l._n 11._o c._n 24_o say_v speak_v of_o the_o fight_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v on_o the_o ice_n in_o the_o northern_a region_n glacialis_fw-la congressus_fw-la fit_a in_fw-la laneis_fw-la calcibus_fw-la non_fw-la pellibus_fw-la aut_fw-la coriis_fw-la unctis_fw-la vis_fw-fr enim_fw-la frigoris_fw-la quodcunque_fw-la fit_a unctuosum_fw-la convertit_fw-la in_o lubricitatem_fw-la glacialem_fw-la there_o be_v a_o great_a similitude_n betwixt_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o inflammability_n and_o be_v dispose_v to_o mix_v with_o oily_a body_n and_o as_o great_a a_o aptitude_n in_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n to_o mix_v with_o other_o liquor_n i_o inquire_v of_o the_o russian_a emperor_n physician_n what_o alteration_n he_o have_v observe_v to_o be_v produce_v by_o cold_a in_o muscovy_n to_o which_o he_o answer_v that_o aniseed_n and_o other_o weak_a spirit_n will_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o imperfect_a kind_n of_o ice_n and_o that_o strong_a one_o will_v turn_v ice_n into_o a_o kind_n of_o substance_n like_o oil_n particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o ii_o title_n 1_o in_o a_o very_a hard_a frost_n in_o december_n a_o solution_n of_o minium_n near_o the_o fire_n seem_v to_o be_v freeze_v though_o it_o be_v make_v with_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o so_o strong_a that_o part_n of_o it_o be_v shoot_v into_o saccharum_n saturni_n some_o at_o the_o top_n which_o be_v yellow_a do_v not_o freeze_v though_o pour_v out_o 2._o a_o solution_n of_o gold_n make_v with_o salt_n be_v likewise_o freeze_v as_o also_o a_o pint-vial_n full_a of_o the_o tincture_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la which_o be_v freeze_v the_o ice_n have_v no_o such_o colour_n as_o the_o tincture_n 3._o it_o be_v report_v that_o in_o russia_n brandy_n will_v freeze_v but_o the_o ice_n of_o it_o be_v
spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o immerse_v the_o ball_n and_o part_n of_o the_o stem_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n which_o be_v half_o bury_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n and_o when_o the_o water_n begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n and_o about_o the_o side_n the_o liquor_n be_v subside_v to_o 5_o 2_o â—_o division_n each_o division_n be_v half_o a_o inch_n and_o then_o the_o weatherglass_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o water_n and_o apply_v to_o the_o snow_n and_o salt_n it_o subside_v to_o 1_o ½_n division_n to_o this_o we_o shall_v add_v another_o which_o show_v that_o the_o water_n though_o freeze_v be_v warm_a than_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n when_o the_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n be_v apply_v to_o it_o jan._n 15_o the_o weatherglass_n be_v keep_v in_o the_o water_n till_o it_o begin_v to_o freeze_v descend_v to_o 5_o ½_n but_o be_v remove_v into_o the_o snow_n and_o salt_n it_o subside_v first_o brisk_o and_o then_o more_o gradual_o till_o it_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stem_n but_o be_v remove_v into_o the_o water_n again_o it_o ascend_v to_o the_o same_o height_n the_o water_n have_v before_o depress_v it_o to_o for_o a_o further_a trial_n how_o much_o liquor_n may_v be_v condense_v by_o cold_a we_o take_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n rectify_v in_o a_o gentle_a heat_n and_o have_v weigh_v a_o glass-ball_n with_o a_o long_a stem_n it_o be_v one_o ounce_n one_o dram_n five_o grain_n and_o a_o half_a we_o pour_v on_o it_o so_o much_o of_o the_o turpentine_n as_o increase_v the_o weight_n to_o two_o ounce_n seven_o dram_fw-la and_o thirty_o four_o grain_n and_o a_o half_a which_o reach_v a_o little_a way_n into_o the_o stem_n we_o mark_v the_o superficies_n with_o a_o diamond_n after_o which_o we_o pour_v a_o dram_n more_o in_o and_o successive_o more_o still_o mark_v how_o high_a each_o parcel_n which_o be_v weigh_v exact_o wrought_v in_o the_o stem_n till_o the_o additional_a weight_n increase_v the_o former_a to_o three_o ounce_n one_o dram_n four_o grain_n and_o a_o half_a and_o then_o take_v a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n with_o water_n in_o it_o we_o immerge_v the_o weatherglass_n in_o the_o water_n as_o before_o the_o vessel_n in_o which_o it_o be_v contain_v be_v first_o encompass_v with_o snow_n and_o salt_n when_o the_o water_n begin_v to_o freeze_v we_o mark_v the_o stem_n of_o the_o glass_n which_o contain_v the_o oil_n at_o the_o place_n to_o which_o it_o subside_v and_o then_o convey_v it_o into_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n when_o it_o have_v subside_v as_o low_a as_o it_o can_v we_o mark_v the_o superficies_n and_o then_o remove_v it_o into_o the_o air_n till_o it_o rise_v to_o its_o first_o station_n and_o then_o we_o pour_v so_o much_o of_o the_o oil_n out_o into_o another_o glass_n careful_o poise_v in_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o oil_n remain_v at_o the_o mark_n which_o it_o subside_v to_o in_o the_o water_n and_o we_o find_v that_o the_o oil_n pour_v off_o weigh_v about_o 10_o grain_n and_o so_o much_o more_o be_v pour_v off_o as_o make_v it_o stand_v at_o the_o mark_n to_o which_o the_o snow_n and_o salt_n depress_v it_o it_o weigh_v about_o as_o much_o as_o the_o former_a so_o that_o the_o oil_n be_v artificial_o condense_v so_o far_o that_o it_o subside_v as_o much_o after_o it_o have_v be_v condense_v by_o cold_a strong_a enough_o to_o freeze_v water_n as_o it_o be_v cause_v to_o fall_v by_o the_o force_n of_o that_o and_o by_o divide_v the_o whole_a proportion_n of_o oil_n by_o the_o number_n of_o grain_n who_o bulk_n it_o seem_v to_o lose_v by_o subside_v in_o water_n we_o find_v that_o it_o be_v condense_v by_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o cold_a to_o a_o 94th_o part_n of_o its_o bulk_n and_o by_o divide_v it_o by_o the_o additional_a number_n of_o the_o grain_n more_o we_o find_v that_o the_o snow_n and_o salt_n have_v condense_v it_o a_o 47th_o part_n of_o its_o bulk_n have_v circumscribe_v water_n moderate_o cold_a with_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n what_o it_o shrink_v be_v if_o not_o insensible_a inconsiderable_a to_o measure_v the_o differ_a weight_n and_o density_n of_o the_o same_o proportion_n of_o water_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o when_o extreme_o cold_a we_o weigh_v a_o glass-bubble_n in_o it_o which_o be_v heavy_a than_o water_n moderate_o cool_a and_o by_o the_o diminution_n of_o its_o weight_n in_o that_o medium_fw-la we_o find_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o hydrostaticks_n the_o weight_n of_o a_o portion_n of_o water_n of_o equal_a bulk_n and_o then_o weigh_v it_o in_o water_n cool_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n we_o be_v inform_v by_o a_o new_a decrement_n of_o its_o weight_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o that_o cold_a water_n by_o which_o we_o be_v enable_v to_o make_v a_o estimate_n of_o the_o gravity_n and_o density_n acquire_v by_o the_o action_n of_o gold_n and_o by_o weigh_v the_o same_o bubble_n in_o the_o same_o water_n in_o hot_a wether_n we_o learned_a further_n how_o much_o more_o dense_a and_o heavy_a water_n moderate_o cold_a and_o extreme_o cold_a be_v than_o warm_a water_n it_o will_v be_v of_o use_n to_o try_v such_o experiment_n as_o these_o in_o italy_n where_o they_o have_v the_o conveniency_n of_o keep_v snow_n and_o of_o freeze_a warm_a water_n speedy_o a_o glass-bubble_n which_o in_o the_o air_n weigh_v 150_o grain_n be_v weigh_v in_o water_n on_o a_o day_n not_o frosty_a it_o weigh_v 29_o â—_o 8_o and_o be_v weigh_v in_o water_n which_o be_v a_o little_a freeze_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o ice_n it_o be_v not_o above_o â…›_n part_v of_o a_o grain_n light_a than_o before_o so_o that_o the_o water_n by_o condensation_n lose_v not_o above_o a_o 230th_o part_n of_o its_o former_a bulk_n how_o far_o it_o may_v be_v of_o use_n at_o sea_n to_o make_v such_o experiment_n as_o these_o and_o whether_o they_o may_v thereby_o learn_v to_o know_v by_o find_v the_o density_n of_o the_o water_n in_o several_a place_n what_o load_v to_o carry_v in_o their_o ship_n and_o what_o the_o water_n will_v be_v able_a to_o bear_v i_o shall_v leave_v other_o to_o judge_n but_o if_o such_o experiment_n be_v try_v in_o several_a part_n our_o seal_v weather-glass_n or_o that_o which_o contain_v the_o pendulous_a drop_n of_o water_n may_v be_v of_o use_n since_o they_o not_o be_v subject_a to_o be_v vary_v by_o the_o alteration_n in_o the_o atmosphere_n gravity_n and_o since_o they_o may_v be_v convenient_o carry_v from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o the_o different_a degree_n of_o cold_a in_o various_a region_n may_v be_v better_o estimate_v a_o register_n be_v keep_v of_o the_o degree_n the_o liquor_n or_o pendulous_a drop_n stand_v at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o trial_n be_v make_v and_o where_o and_o when_o expose_v to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o be_v able_a to_o freeze_v to_o conclude_v this_o title_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o in_o make_v these_o experiment_n with_o the_o thermometer_n in_o which_o the_o pendulous_a water_n be_v contain_v the_o stem_n may_v for_o conveniency_n be_v hold_v either_o horizontal_a upward_o or_o perpendicular_a title_n v._o experiment_n concern_v the_o tendency_n of_o cold_a upward_o or_o downward_o vigorous_o what_o way_n or_o in_o what_o line_n cold_a act_n most_o vigorous_o that_o heat_n general_o act_v most_o powererful_o on_o body_n above_o it_o and_o that_o its_o tendency_n be_v upward_o be_v self-evident_a but_o to_o discover_v in_o what_o line_n cold_a act_n most_o vigorous_o and_o further_a we_o make_v the_o follow_a experiment_n a_o glass-bubble_n with_o water_n in_o it_o have_v a_o flat_a bottom_n be_v suspend_v within_o less_o than_o half_a a_o inch_n over_o a_o mixture_n of_o ice_n and_o salt_n but_o freeze_v not_o a_o bottle_n which_o contain_v a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n be_v hold_v under_o water_n it_o be_v case_v with_o ice_n especial_o about_o the_o bottom_n so_o that_o the_o action_n of_o cold_a seem_v chief_o to_o tend_v downward_o but_o i_o rely_v less_o upon_o this_o experiment_n because_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o a_o frigorifick_a mixture_n be_v expose_v in_o a_o vial_n the_o ice_n on_o the_o outside_n be_v always_o opposite_a to_o the_o mixture_n not_o reach_v high_o or_o low_o than_o that_o mixture_n above_o half_a the_o breadth_n of_o a_o barleycorn_n and_o as_o the_o mixture_n dissolve_v and_o that_o which_o swim_v upon_o the_o dissolve_v part_n grow_v less_o and_o less_o so_o proportionable_o the_o circle_n of_o ice_n grow_v narrow_a on_o the_o outside_n till_o the_o mixture_n be_v whole_o dissolve_v and_o then_o the_o ice_n vanish_v and_o from_o a_o experiment_n short_o to_o be_v
mention_v viz._n egg_n suspend_v under_o water_n it_o appear_v that_o cold_a act_n on_o every_o side_n the_o shell_n be_v whole_o incrustate_v with_o ice_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o title_n i_o shall_v in_o order_n to_o facilitate_v some_o experiment_n hereafter_o to_o be_v make_v advertise_v that_o whereas_o in_o common_a experiment_n water_v natural_o beginning_n to_o freeze_v at_o the_o top_n and_o that_o ice_n confine_v the_o subjacent_a water_n so_o that_o when_o freeze_v it_o have_v not_o room_n to_o expand_v i_o say_v whereas_o in_o such_o case_n the_o glass_n be_v subject_a to_o break_v to_o prevent_v such_o ill_a consequence_n i_o lay_v the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n first_o about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o water_n beginning_n to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n the_o water_n be_v raise_v up_o above_o it_o and_o as_o the_o salt_n and_o ice_n be_v raise_v high_a about_o the_o glass_n so_o the_o ice_n gradual_o rise_v without_o danger_n of_o break_v the_o bottle_n to_o this_o advertisement_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o i_o only_o at_o the_o first_o lie_v the_o mixture_n about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n yet_o to_o keep_v the_o water_n above_o cool_a i_o usual_o put_v ice_n itself_o or_o snow_n either_o of_o which_o will_v succeed_v in_o these_o experiment_n above_o that_o mixture_n title_n vi_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v the_o preservation_n and_o destruction_n of_o egg_n apple_n and_o other_o body_n by_o cold._n cold._n of_o the_o preservation_n of_o body_n by_o cold._n it_o be_v a_o common_a tradition_n that_o if_o egg_n or_o apple_n be_v thaw_v near_o the_o fire_n it_o spoil_v they_o but_o if_o they_o be_v immerse_v in_o cold_a water_n they_o thaw_v slow_o without_o damage_n to_o try_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o tradition_n i_o make_v the_o follow_a experiment_n a_o egg_n which_o weigh_v 12_o drachm_n and_o a_o grain_n be_v wrap_v in_o a_o wax_v paper_n to_o defend_v it_o from_o the_o thaw_v snow_n be_v freeze_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n and_o then_o want_v 4_o grain_n of_o its_o former_a weight_n it_o be_v put_v into_o a_o basin_n of_o water_n it_o acquire_v such_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n about_o it_o as_o increase_v the_o weight_n to_o 15_o drachm_n and_o 9_o grain_n and_o the_o ice_n be_v take_v off_o and_o the_o egg_n dry_v it_o weigh_v 12_o drachm_n and_o 12_o grain_n be_v break_v we_o find_v it_o almost_o thaw_v when_o freeze_v it_o swim_v in_o the_o water_n but_o when_o thaw_v it_o sink_v we_o take_v two_o egg_n well_o freeze_v and_o place_v they_o both_o at_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o fire_n the_o one_o be_v put_v into_o water_n and_o the_o other_o lay_v on_o a_o table_n when_o that_o in_o the_o water_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n we_o take_v it_o out_o and_o break_v it_o find_v that_o the_o yolk_n and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o white_a be_v thaw_v but_o the_o other_o egg_n be_v cut_v asunder_o the_o white_a be_v whole_o freeze_v and_o the_o yolk_n hard_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v overboil_v there_o likewise_o appear_v in_o it_o certain_a concentrical_a circle_n of_o different_a colour_n and_o a_o very_a white_a speck_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v try_v a_o second_o time_n we_o be_v confirm_v in_o our_o persuasion_n that_o freeze_a egg_n will_v thaw_v soon_o in_o cold_a water_n than_o in_o the_o open_a air._n a_o egg_n be_v suspend_v in_o water_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n equal_o thick_a on_o all_o side_n freeze_a pippin_n be_v put_v into_o a_o basin_n of_o water_n be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n of_o a_o considerable_a thickness_n where_o it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o that_o part_n of_o the_o pippin_n which_o be_v immerse_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o much_o thick_a crust_n than_o that_o which_o be_v above_o it_o 2._o the_o extant_a part_n seem_v hard_a than_o the_o immersed_a 3._o those_o in_o the_o water_n be_v thaw_v but_o one_o that_o lie_v out_o of_o it_o be_v much_o hard_a and_o more_o freeze_v 4._o neither_o the_o freeze_a egg_n or_o apple_n condense_v and_o freeze_v the_o air_n though_o they_o incrustate_v the_o water_n egg_n be_v freeze_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n till_o they_o crack_v we_o put_v one_o into_o milk_n two_o into_o a_o glass_n of_o beer_n and_o two_o more_o into_o a_o large_a glass_n of_o sack_n but_o produce_v no_o ice_n egg_n be_v put_v into_o vinegar_n produce_v no_o ice_n but_o the_o vinegar_n corrode_v the_o eggshell_n a_o cheese_n immerse_v in_o water_n in_o a_o cold_a country_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n but_o lump_n of_o iron_n piece_n of_o glass_n and_o stone_n be_v keep_v long_o in_o snow_n and_o salt_n than_o be_v sufficient_a to_o freeze_v egg_n produce_v no_o ice_n in_o water_n water_n be_v pour_v into_o a_o bottle_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o north-east_n side_n of_o our_o elaborotory_n part_v of_o it_o be_v present_o turn_v into_o ice_n ice_n and_o juice_n of_o pippin_n shake_v together_o in_o a_o vial_n produce_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o dew_n and_o so_o do_v ice_n beat_v into_o a_o liquor_n with_o the_o white_a of_o a_o egg._n pippin_n be_v much_o better_o when_o thaw_v in_o cold_a water_n than_o hasty_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o cold_a northern_a climate_n that_o when_o they_o have_v come_v out_o of_o extreme_a cold_a too_o hasty_o to_o the_o fire_n it_o have_v raise_v blister_n wherefore_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o the_o more_o careful_a sort_n to_o wash_v their_o hand_n or_o other_o freeze_a part_n in_o cold_a water_n or_o snow_n before_o they_o approach_v the_o fire_n i_o be_o tell_v by_o one_o that_o cheese_n be_v freeze_v in_o muscovy_n those_o thaw_v in_o water_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n but_o be_v much_o better_a than_o other_o thaw_v in_o a_o stove_n and_o guilielmus_fw-la fabritius_n hildanus_n cap._n 10._o de_fw-la gangraena_fw-la &_o sphacelo_fw-la give_v a_o account_n of_o a_o man_n who_o be_v successful_o thaw_v and_o crust_v over_o with_o ice_n as_o our_o apple_n and_o egg_n be_v though_o a_o moderate_a degree_n of_o cold_a preserve_v body_n from_o putrefaction_n yet_o glaciation_n leave_v they_o more_o subject_a to_o it_o upon_o a_o thaw_n though_o whilst_o they_o be_v in_o that_o state_n they_o putrify_v not_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o cold_a under_o glaciation_n hinder_v body_n from_o corruption_n i_o shall_v allege_v the_o follow_a instance_n bartholinus_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la nivis_fw-la say_v p._n 80._o regii_fw-la mutinenses_n nivem_fw-la hoc_fw-la sine_fw-la arcte_fw-la compactam_fw-la servant_n in_o cellis_fw-la nivariis_fw-la in_fw-la quibus_fw-la fervente_fw-la aestate_fw-la vidi_fw-la carnes_z mactatorum_fw-la animalium_fw-la a_o putredine_fw-la diu_fw-la se_fw-la conservasse_fw-la and_o capt._n james_n in_o his_o journal_n p._n 74._o have_v these_o word_n by_o the_o nine_o of_o may_v we_o be_v come_v to_o and_o get_v up_o our_o five_o barrel_n of_o beef_n and_o pork_n and_o have_v four_o butt_n of_o beer_n and_o one_o of_o cider_n it_o have_v lie_v under_o water_n all_o the_o winter_n yet_o we_o can_v not_o perceive_v that_o it_o be_v any_o thing_n the_o worse_o p._n 79._o he_o farther_o say_v that_o a_o cable_n have_v lie_v under_o ice_n all_o winter_n be_v not_o in_o june_n find_v a_o jot_n the_o worse_o and_o from_o simlerus_n his_o account_n of_o the_o alps_o it_o appear_v that_o entire_a body_n may_v be_v preserve_v by_o snow_n without_o glaciation_n refert_fw-la say_v bartholinus_n speak_v of_o he_o p._n 79._o de_fw-la figurativis_fw-la in_o rhetis_n apud_fw-la rinwaldios_fw-la nivium_fw-la è_fw-la monte_fw-fr ruentium_fw-la mole_n sylvam_fw-la &_o proceras_fw-la abietes_fw-la dejecisse_fw-la accidisse_fw-la etiam_fw-la helvetio_fw-la milite_fw-la per_fw-la alps_n iter_fw-la faciente_fw-la ut_fw-la 60_o homines_fw-la &_o plures_fw-la eadem_fw-la nivis_fw-la conglobatione_fw-la opprimerentur_fw-la hoc_fw-la igitur_fw-la nivium_fw-la tumulo_fw-la sepulti_fw-la ad_fw-la tempus_fw-la aestatis_fw-la delitescunt_fw-la quo_fw-la soluto_fw-la nonnihil_fw-la nive_n deciduâ_fw-la corpora_fw-la mortua_fw-la inviolata_fw-la patent_n si_fw-la ab_fw-la amiciss_fw-la vel_fw-la transeuntibus_fw-la quaerantur_fw-la vidimus_fw-la ipsi_fw-la triste_fw-fr hoc_fw-la spectaculum_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o prove_v that_o inanimate_a body_n whilst_o freeze_v be_v not_o subject_a to_o putrefaction_n i_o shall_v bring_v several_a instance_n nor_o indeed_o be_v it_o much_o wonder_n since_o whether_o glaciation_n proceed_v from_o intrude_a swarm_n of_o frigorifick_a atom_n wedge_v in_o betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n or_o whether_o we_o suppose_v it_o to_o arise_v from_o a_o avolition_n of_o those_o restless_a particle_n which_o before_o keep_v the_o body_n fluid_fw-la or_o soft_a we_o must_v suppose_v a_o unusual_a rest_n and_o consequent_o the_o concomitant_a cause_n of_o corruption_n
to_o be_v want_v but_o to_o proceed_v to_o instance_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o sweeden_n and_o denmark_n the_o cold_a will_v preserve_v body_n a_o long_a time_n from_o putrefaction_n and_o bartholinus_n relate_v a_o story_n of_o several_a dead_a body_n p._n 83._o de_fw-la usu_fw-la nivis_fw-la which_o be_v kill_v in_o a_o battle_n in_o the_o winter_n be_v freeze_v in_o several_a posture_n and_o continue_v so_o without_o be_v corrupt_v as_o long_o as_o the_o winter_n last_v to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o capt._n james_n tell_v we_o p._n 76._o of_o a_o man_n who_o they_o find_v freeze_v in_o the_o ice_n six_o week_n after_o he_o have_v be_v commit_v to_o sea_n and_o all_o the_o alteration_n the_o frost_n have_v wrought_v on_o his_o body_n be_v that_o his_o flesh_n will_v move_v up_o and_o down_o upon_o his_o bone_n like_o a_o glove_n upon_o a_o man_n hand_n and_o bartholinus_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la nivis_fw-la cap._n 12._o further_n tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o greenland_n that_o the_o frost_n preserve_v body_n from_o putrefaction_n 30_o year_n but_o though_o freeze_a preserve_v body_n from_o putrefaction_n for_o the_o time_n yet_o when_o they_o thaw_v they_o present_o discover_v that_o the_o texture_n of_o they_o be_v impair_v and_o vitiate_v all_o that_o while_n by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o cold_a for_o have_v freeze_v a_o ox-eye_n i_o observe_v that_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n which_o be_v so_o transparent_a before_o be_v freeze_v lose_v its_o diaphaneity_n and_o become_v white_a and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o other_o that_o though_o cheese_n which_o be_v thaw_v in_o water_n be_v better_a than_o those_o that_o be_v otherwise_o free_v from_o the_o ice_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o in_o some_o measure_n impair_v by_o the_o frost_n to_o these_o instance_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o purchas_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 5._o sect._n 2_o p._n 493._o tell_v we_o that_o in_o nova_n zembla_n their_o strong_a beer_n be_v freeze_v be_v whole_o vitiate_v and_o without_o strength_n or_o taste_n and_o capt._n james_n tell_v we_o that_o strong_a alicant_n wine_n by_o be_v freeze_v have_v lose_v much_o of_o its_o spirit_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o northern_a country_n less_o cold_a than_o muscovy_n that_o beef_n have_v be_v freeze_v be_v almost_o insipid_a and_o yield_v broth_n little_o better_o than_o water_n beside_o which_o instance_n i_o be_o inform_v that_o body_n much_o hard_a than_o any_o yet_o mention_v may_v be_v work_v upon_o by_o cold_a not_o to_o mention_v that_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o bone_n and_o even_o steel_v itself_o be_v much_o more_o subject_a to_o break_v in_o frosty_a wether_n than_o at_o other_o time_n and_o it_o be_v to_o our_o present_a purpose_n further_o observable_a that_o capt._n james_n relate_v that_o in_o charlton-island_n the_o wood_n must_v be_v thaw_v before_o the_o carpenter_n be_v able_a to_o work_v it_o and_o i_o be_o further_a inform_v that_o the_o timber_n of_o the_o house_n in_o moscow_n will_v not_o only_o crack_v in_o frosty_a wether_n but_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o brick-house_n in_o the_o west-indies_n decay_n much_o soon_o than_o here_o in_o england_n and_o it_o have_v be_v further_o observe_v that_o marble_n themselves_o have_v not_o only_o fly_v in_o piece_n in_o frosty_a wether_n but_o that_o brass-instrument_n and_o even_o iron-hoops_n have_v be_v crack_v by_o extreme_a cold_n as_o olaus_n wormius_n and_o the_o dutchman_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o nova_n zembla_n witness_n but_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o the_o break_n of_o the_o iron-hoops_n rather_o depend_v on_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o cold_a on_o the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o those_o barrel_n than_o immediate_o on_o the_o iron-bar_n themselves_o and_o that_o they_o be_v break_v by_o the_o expansion_n of_o that_o liquor_n a_o appendix_n to_o the_o vi_o title_n in_o confirmation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v before_o the_o russian_a emperor_n physician_n tell_v i_o that_o if_o those_o that_o have_v their_o nose_n or_o cheek_n freeze_v do_v rub_v they_o with_o snow_n before_o they_o go_v into_o the_o stove_n they_o sometime_o drop_v off_o and_o he_o likewise_o tell_v i_o that_o moderate_o weak_a wine_n by_o be_v freeze_v will_v lose_v both_o its_o colour_n and_o taste_v he_o further_o tell_v i_o that_o body_n there_o will_v keep_v all_o the_o frosty_a wether_n uncorrupt_a and_o that_o venison_n and_o beef_n and_o other_o flesh_n will_v be_v preserve_v a_o long_a time_n by_o frost_n but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o thaw_v leisurely_o before_o it_o come_v to_o be_v roast_v it_o will_v be_v much_o impair_v and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o a_o young_a man_n have_v be_v freeze_v all_o over_o be_v recover_v by_o be_v first_o rub_v with_o snow_n before_o any_o other_o mean_n be_v use_v particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o vi_o title_n fish_n take_v from_o under_o the_o ice_n in_o lake_n and_o pond_n which_o be_v freeze_v over_o and_o pack_v up_o will_v be_v preserve_v a_o month_n without_o be_v salt_v or_o dry_v and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o they_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o cold_a air_n they_o will_v be_v freeze_v immediate_o it_o be_v likewise_o observe_v by_o the_o same_o person_n who_o tell_v i_o these_o thing_n that_o though_o flesh-meat_n freeze_v be_v better_a when_o thaw_v leisurely_o in_o cold_a water_n than_o hasty_o by_o the_o fire_n yet_o it_o acquire_v not_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n about_o it_o in_o lapland_n when_o any_o part_n be_v freeze_v they_o toast_v cheese_n make_v of_o deer_n milk_n and_o anoint_v the_o affect_a part_n with_o the_o cows-body_n i_o have_v some_o cheshire-cheese_n freeze_v myself_o one_o of_o which_o be_v throw_v into_o water_n gather_v a_o crust_n of_o ice_n about_o it_o there_o be_v white_a bear_n in_o green-land_n which_o have_v so_o excellent_a a_o scent_n that_o when_o the_o carcase_n of_o a_o whale_n be_v leave_v at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o shore_n they_o will_v raise_v themselves_o on_o their_o leg_n and_o with_o their_o two_o paw_n will_v fan_v themselves_o with_o the_o air_n and_o snuff_v it_o in_o at_o their_o snout_n and_o then_o throw_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n will_v swim_v towards_o the_o dead_a carcase_n the_o fat_a of_o some_o of_o they_o will_v yield_v a_o hogshead_n of_o oil_n in_o moscow_n a_o hogshead_n of_o malaga-sack_n be_v freeze_v a_o spirituous_a liquor_n distil_v out_o of_o it_o strong_a than_o the_o sack_n itself_o but_o the_o liquor_n leave_v behind_o it_o be_v a_o strengthless_a phlegm_n a_o barrel_n of_o beer_n be_v freeze_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o green-land_n the_o spirituous_a part_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o middle_n the_o spanish_a and_o french_a wine_n that_o be_v bring_v to_o moscow_n betwixt_o russia_n and_o poland_n be_v sometime_o so_o freeze_v by_o the_o time_n they_o come_v there_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o break_v the_o cask_n and_o to_o transport_v it_o in_o jar_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o and_o when_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o thaw_v it_o they_o put_v it_o into_o another_o hogshead_n and_o that_o be_v place_v in_o a_o hole_n make_v in_o ice_n or_o snow_n it_o thaw_v leisurely_o there_o without_o be_v so_o much_o impair_v as_o if_o thaw_v in_o a_o stove_n or_o by_o the_o fire_n title_n vii_o experiment_n concern_v the_o expansion_n of_o water_n and_o aqueous_a liquor_n by_o freeze_a liquor_n of_o the_o expansion_n of_o water_n and_o other_o freeze_a liquor_n though_o it_o have_v be_v general_o allow_v that_o water_n and_o other_o liquor_n be_v condense_v by_o cold_a yet_o from_o what_o i_o shall_v offer_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o ice_n be_v not_o water_n condense_v but_o rarify_v for_o i_o have_v not_o only_o observe_v that_o water_n expose_v to_o be_v freeze_v in_o a_o bolt-head_n will_v if_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n incline_v it_o to_o begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n first_o be_v expanded_a so_o as_o to_o rise_v considerable_o high_o in_o the_o stem_n but_o when_o that_o ice_n be_v thaw_v again_o will_v subside_o and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v include_v water_n in_o a_o cylinder_n both_o end_n of_o which_o be_v stop_v up_o with_o wax_n the_o cylinder_n be_v hang_v up_o in_o the_o air_n and_o the_o water_n freeze_v it_o be_v so_o far_o expanded_a that_o it_o force_v the_o wax_n out_o of_o each_o end_n of_o the_o pipe_n and_o form_v a_o rod_n of_o ice_n much_o long_a than_o the_o cylinder_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o break_n of_o bottle_n by_o cold_a rather_o depend_v on_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o include_v liquor_n than_o that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n cause_v that_o effect_n as_o some_o modern_n teach_v or_o that_o the_o internal_a liquor_n be_v
mark_n be_v about_o the_o 15_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a 10._o a_o large_a glass-egg_n with_o a_o proportionable_a stem_n be_v so_o far_o fill_v with_o water_n that_o it_o wrought_v up_o a_o inch_n into_o the_o stem_n the_o next_o day_n the_o water_n be_v raise_v 15_o inch_n the_o whole_a contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o egg_n be_v freeze_v the_o freeze_a water_n continue_v to_o swell_v be_v raise_v 4_o inch_n high_o a_o few_o drop_n run_v over_o the_o top_n of_o it_o but_o when_o the_o ice_n be_v whole_o thaw_v it_o subside_v again_o 11._o another_o egg_n about_o the_o same_o height_n be_v place_v in_o beat_a ice_n and_o salt_n the_o water_n rise_v a_o inch_n in_o a_o hour_n time_n and_o several_a laminae_fw-la of_o ice_n appear_v at_o the_o jointure_n of_o the_o ball_n and_o the_o neck_n but_o after_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o quarce_a those_o disappear_v and_o the_o ball_n seem_v to_o be_v fill_v with_o white_a ice_n the_o water_n in_o the_o neck_n be_v raise_v 4_o ½_n inch_n 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water_n when_o freeze_v to_o swell_v and_o which_o be_v generate_v there_o take_v up_o one_o inch_n and_o ¼_n which_o be_v expanded_a through_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o cylinder_n above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n when_o thaw_v so_o far_o appear_v not_o to_o be_v air_n that_o it_o want_v a_o spring_n to_o resist_v the_o ingress_n of_o the_o water_n 12._o another_o time_n the_o tip_n of_o a_o seal_a stem_n be_v break_v under_o water_n it_o receive_v 10_o inch_n and_o above_o ½_n 13._o in_o the_o same_o bolt-head_n wherein_o the_o great_a condensation_n of_o air_n be_v try_v the_o water_n be_v freeze_v be_v raise_v a_o foot_n above_o its_o former_a station_n and_o then_o be_v seal_v up_o and_o leisurely_o thaw_v it_o subside_v again_o to_o its_o former_a mark_n and_o then_o the_o seal_n be_v break_v off_o under_o water_n so_o much_o of_o that_o contain_v in_o the_o basin_n be_v force_v into_o the_o tube_n as_o sill_v 11_o inch_n of_o it_o near_o â…›_n of_o a_o inch_n of_o air_n be_v generate_v in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o operation_n 14._o another_o time_n the_o water_n swell_v 10_o inch_n in_o the_o same_o glass_n we_o break_v off_o the_o neb_n under_o water_n and_o it_o receive_v as_o much_o of_o the_o external_a water_n so_o that_o in_o this_o no_o air_n be_v generate_v 15._o the_o like_a experiment_n be_v try_v with_o aqueous_a liquor_n the_o neb_n of_o one_o that_o contain_v milk_n be_v break_v off_o under_o water_n it_o be_v manifest_o impel_v by_o the_o outward_a air._n and_o another_o be_v likewise_o open_v under_o water_n which_o contain_v urine_n it_o receive_v about_o five_o or_o six_o inch_n of_o water_n 16._o another_o glass_n which_o contain_v claret-wine_n be_v open_v under_o water_n the_o water_n be_v impel_v near_o a_o inch_n above_o the_o mark_n which_o will_v not_o have_v happen_v have_v the_o bubble_n be_v fill_v with_o true_a and_o permament_n air._n title_n x._o experiment_n about_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o expansion_n and_o the_o contraction_n of_o liquor_n measure_v the_o expansion_n and_o contraction_n of_o liquor_n measure_v to_o measure_v the_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n we_o take_v a_o bolt-head_n and_o pour_v in_o so_o much_o water_n that_o it_o rise_v a_o little_a way_n into_o the_o stem_n which_o be_v do_v and_o the_o number_n of_o ounce_n it_o contain_v set_v down_o to_o those_o we_o successful_o add_v one_o ounce_n after_o another_o mark_v how_o high_a each_o of_o they_o wrought_v which_o be_v do_v we_o pour_v out_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n and_o freeze_v the_o remain_a water_n from_o the_o bottom_n upward_o and_o the_o ice_n that_o consist_v of_o 82_o part_n of_o water_n fill_v the_o space_n of_o 91_o and_o ½_n so_o that_o the_o congeal_a water_n possess_v a_o 9th_o part_n of_o space_n more_o than_o it_o do_v before_o in_o another_o experiment_n 55_o part_n of_o water_n be_v freeze_v be_v extend_v to_o 60_o ½_n 6_o of_o those_o remain_v unfreeze_v 2._o another_o way_n we_o take_v to_o measure_v the_o expansion_n of_o water_n be_v by_o mark_v a_o cylindrical_a pipe_n at_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o it_o which_o when_o it_o be_v freeze_v be_v raise_v a_o ten_o part_n high_o than_o before_o another_o more_o exact_a cylinder_n be_v make_v use_n of_o we_o find_v that_o water_n freeze_v expanded_a to_o about_o a_o nine_o part_n of_o the_o space_n it_o possess_v before_o 3._o but_o perhaps_o this_o method_n of_o measure_v the_o expansion_n of_o freeze_a water_n may_v suggest_v a_o difficulty_n to_o those_o that_o be_v acquaint_v with_o hydrostaticks_n since_o archimedes_n have_v make_v it_o appear_v as_o well_o as_o stevinus_n that_o float_a body_n will_v so_o far_o and_o but_o so_o far_o sink_v in_o the_o liquor_n that_o support_v they_o till_o the_o immersed_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v equal_a to_o a_o bulk_n of_o water_n weigh_v as_o much_o as_o the_o whole_a body_n 4._o for_o capt._n james_n have_v observe_v ice_n to_o float_v a_o great_a deal_n above_o the_o water_n and_o the_o hollander_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o nova_n zembla_n take_v notice_n of_o a_o hill_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v 16_o fathom_n above_o the_o water_n though_o but_o 36_o below_o it_o and_o janus_n munkius_n in_o his_o account_n of_o gâ—…enland_n observe_v that_o one_o that_o be_v but_o 4â—_n fathom_n under_o water_n be_v 20_o above_o it_o whereas_o according_a to_o our_o computation_n of_o the_o expansion_n of_o water_n the_o part_n under_o water_n ought_v to_o be_v 8_o or_o 9_o time_n as_o deep_a as_o that_o above_o it_o 5._o but_o to_o clear_v this_o difficulty_n i_o have_v these_o thing_n to_o represent_v first_o that_o the_o ice_n which_o we_o take_v notice_n of_o float_v in_o fresh_a water_n but_o that_o observe_v by_o navigator_n be_v fresh_a float_n in_o salt_n water_n yet_o this_o be_v to_o be_v likewise_o consider_v that_o near_o the_o pole_n the_o sea_n be_v not_o so_o salt_n as_o we_o or_o those_o under_o the_o line_n and_o consequent_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v up_o the_o float_a ice_n so_o high_a except_o the_o coldness_n of_o that_o region_n recompense_n the_o want_n of_o salt_n 6._o but_o beside_o these_o consideration_n that_o which_o i_o will_v chief_o insist_v upon_o for_o the_o removal_n of_o this_o difficulty_n be_v that_o these_o huge_a pile_n of_o ice_n be_v make_v up_o of_o vast_a lump_n betwixt_o which_o be_v large_a vacuity_n which_o be_v only_o fill_v up_o with_o air_n so_o that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o judge_v of_o their_o weight_n by_o the_o bulk_n they_o appear_v to_o be_v of_o to_o the_o eye_n but_o by_o the_o specific_a weight_n incumbent_a on_o that_o part_n immerse_v in_o the_o water_n for_o we_o see_v in_o barge_n that_o sometime_o they_o carry_v load_v which_o consist_v of_o light_a matter_n may_v be_v pile_v a_o great_a height_n above_o the_o water_n without_o depress_v the_o vessel_n so_o much_o as_o heavy_a body_n of_o less_o bulk_n which_o be_v more_o ponderous_a in_o specie_fw-la for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o float_a piece_n of_o ice_n as_o bartholinus_n take_v notice_n be_v compile_v of_o store_n of_o snow_n freeze_v together_o beside_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o most_o of_o those_o stupendous_a mountain_n which_o lay_v so_o much_o above_o water_n below_o rest_v on_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o probable_o they_o may_v have_v sink_v much_o low_o have_v the_o water_n be_v deep_a enough_o for_o they_o for_o mr._n hudson_n in_o his_o voyage_n take_v notice_n in_o a_o bay_n that_o bear_v his_o name_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o ice_n sevenscore_n fathom_n deep_a 7._o have_v say_v thus_o much_o of_o the_o expansion_n of_o water_n it_o perhaps_o may_v
and_o superficial_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n 3._o but_o if_o against_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o shall_v be_v allege_v that_o by_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la they_o only_o mean_v some_o earth_n mix_v with_o the_o common_a part_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n i_o shall_v be_v glad_a to_o know_v how_o we_o must_v discover_v this_o but_o though_o i_o have_v bring_v these_o argument_n against_o this_o common_a receive_v notion_n i_o can_v agree_v with_o gassendus_fw-la who_o think_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v no_o more_o cold_a than_o hot_a since_o it_o be_v natural_o a_o body_n who_o part_n be_v incline_v to_o rest_n it_o without_o the_o assistance_n of_o some_o extrinsic_a agent_n to_o put_v its_o part_n in_o motion_n must_v consequent_o affect_v our_o sensory_a with_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o coldness_n than_o air_n or_o water_n who_o part_n be_v more_o agitate_a 4._o and_o if_o those_o that_o argue_v for_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la have_v only_o urge_v that_o it_o be_v the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la earth_n the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la i_o can_v have_v more_o easy_o agree_v with_o they_o since_o in_o the_o strait_n of_o weigat_n the_o sea_n be_v freeze_v but_o not_o in_o the_o northern_a sea_n nor_o that_o of_o tartary_n for_o the_o main_a sea_n never_o freeze_v but_o only_o near_o the_o land_n where_o it_o be_v much_o cold_o than_o in_o the_o ocean_n frigidum_fw-la water_n not_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la 5._o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n and_o the_o school_n that_o water_n be_v the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la but_o in_o all_o water_n that_o be_v freeze_v by_o cold_a we_o always_o see_v they_o begin_v at_o the_o top_n where_o the_o air_n be_v contiguous_a which_o argue_v the_o air_n cold_o than_o the_o water_n since_o it_o congeal_v it_o whereas_o if_o water_n be_v the_o cold_a body_n it_o ought_v always_o natural_o to_o be_v freeze_v or_o to_o begin_v to_o freeze_v rather_o in_o the_o middle_n than_o at_o the_o top_n and_o rather_o in_o the_o main_a ocean_n than_o in_o gulf_n strait_n and_o small_a river_n for_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o those_o vast_a heap_n of_o ice_n that_o float_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o which_o we_o have_v so_o often_o mention_v depend_v not_o on_o the_o penetration_n of_o cold_a to_o that_o depth_n they_o sometime_o sink_v to_o but_o vast_a piece_n of_o ice_n be_v gather_v together_o from_o the_o shore_n and_o small_a river_n and_o cement_v together_o depress_v each_o other_o by_o their_o own_o weight_n upon_o which_o the_o fall_a snow_n gradual_o increase_v their_o bulk_n 6._o but_o though_o i_o be_o far_o from_o take_v water_n to_o be_v the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la yet_o i_o can_v agree_v with_o gassendus_fw-la who_o think_v it_o indifferent_a as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a for_o except_v where_o some_o adventitious_a cause_n concur_v the_o part_n of_o water_n be_v less_o agitate_a than_o the_o humour_n about_o our_o sensory_a by_o it_o we_o must_v adjudge_v it_o cold._a and_o though_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o water_n be_v a_o little_o warm_a yet_o all_o divers_a unanimous_o agree_v that_o it_o be_v cold_o at_o the_o depth_n of_o a_o few_o fathom_n beside_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o warm_a region_n to_o be_v much_o warm_a at_o land_n than_o sea_n and_o those_o country_n that_o lie_v near_o the_o sea_n be_v general_o cool_a but_o as_o cold_a as_o it_o be_v there_o they_o do_v find_v that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o congeal_v the_o water_n though_o at_o the_o top_n it_o be_v often_o freeze_v frigidum_fw-la air_n not_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la 7._o by_o the_o stoic_n and_o many_o of_o the_o modern_a philosopher_n the_o air_n be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la yet_o consider_v how_o great_a a_o part_n of_o it_o lie_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n very_o hot_a and_o likewise_o that_o water_n enclose_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n will_v freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n and_o not_o where_o it_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o air_n i_o say_v consider_v these_o thing_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o air_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la beside_o air_n condense_v to_o the_o utmost_a degree_n it_o be_v possible_a by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o shut_v up_o in_o a_o convenient_a glass_n have_v be_v condense_v further_o by_o the_o application_n of_o other_o body_n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n depend_v on_o the_o mixture_n of_o some_o frigorifick_a corpuscle_n with_o it_o and_o not_o on_o the_o specific_a texture_n of_o its_o own_o part_n beside_o water_n may_v be_v freeze_v when_o enclose_v in_o substance_n not_o apt_a to_o freeze_v and_o when_o the_o air_n be_v not_o contiguous_a to_o it_o cold._n nitre_n not_o the_o grand_a efficient_a of_o cold._n 8._o the_o next_o opinion_n i_o shall_v consider_v be_v that_o of_o the_o learned_a gassendus_fw-la who_o ascribe_v the_o frigorifick_a virtue_n of_o body_n to_o the_o admixture_n of_o nitre_n but_o though_o i_o allow_v nitre_n to_o be_v a_o substance_n disperse_v through_o most_o body_n yet_o since_o cold_a be_v only_o a_o privative_a quality_n and_o a_o absence_n of_o heat_n there_o be_v other_o agent_n which_o by_o stop_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o insensible_a part_n of_o a_o body_n may_v deprive_v it_o of_o its_o power_n of_o heat_n beside_o it_o must_v be_v a_o prodigious_a quantity_n of_o nitre_n that_o will_v be_v able_a to_o render_v every_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o cold_a as_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v rot_v to_o mention_v that_o nitre_n be_v scarce_o ever_o find_v so_o deep_a in_o the_o earth_n as_o some_o sea_n extend_v beside_o the_o sea_n afford_v we_o very_o little_a salt-petre_n but_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o common_a salt_n 9_o and_o though_o gassendus_fw-la assert_v that_o body_n receive_v the_o impression_n of_o cold_a from_o nitrous_a exhalation_n swim_v in_o the_o air_n yet_o among_o all_o the_o experiment_n i_o have_v make_v to_o resolve_v nitre_n into_o vapour_n i_o have_v not_o find_v that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o effect_v more_o in_o the_o production_n of_o cold_a than_o other_o saline_n body_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v a_o actual_a coldness_n great_a than_o other_o body_n that_o it_o be_v potential_o hot._n and_o whether_o the_o exhalation_n of_o nitre_n will_v congeal_v water_n or_o not_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n i_o have_v observe_v will_v dissolve_v ice_n as_o soon_o almost_o as_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o though_o nitre_n mix_v with_o snow_n or_o ice_n may_v promote_v congelation_n yet_o it_o prove_v not_o that_o the_o part_n of_o nitre_n be_v frigorifick_a since_o the_o experiment_n will_v succeed_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n 10._o have_v say_v thus_o much_o of_o gassendus_fw-la his_o opinion_n we_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n propose_v some_o experiment_n which_o will_v be_v a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o what_o we_o have_v be_v say_v 11._o rock-petre_n and_o ice_n be_v put_v into_o a_o bottle_n congeal_v the_o vapour_n on_o the_o outside_n but_o piece_n of_o salt-petre_n lay_v upon_o plate_n of_o ice_n dissolve_v it_o water_n be_v satiate_v with_o salt-petre_n and_o expose_v to_o the_o cold_a in_o a_o bottle_n break_v it_o several_a crystal_n of_o salt-petre_n have_v shoot_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o from_o these_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v cold_o body_n than_o salt-petre_n and_o that_o it_o dissolve_v ice_n and_o it_o be_v rather_o hot_a than_o cold_a in_o respect_n of_o ice_n 12._o on_o a_o windy_a and_o a_o cloudy_a day_n have_v suspend_v a_o weatherglass_n in_o water_n satiate_v with_o salt-petre_n we_o observe_v that_o when_o it_o have_v stand_v a_o considerable_a time_n and_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o string_n up_o into_o the_o air_n the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o it_o be_v raise_v about_o 2_o division_n and_o be_v again_o immerse_v in_o the_o solution_n of_o nitre_n it_o be_v present_o raise_v so_o that_o the_o air_n be_v cold_o than_o the_o solution_n of_o nitre_n 13._o but_o to_o conclude_v this_o title_n though_o i_o be_o far_o from_o think_v nitre_n to_o be_v the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la yet_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o part_n of_o it_o rise_v from_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n may_v contribute_v to_o the_o refrigeration_n of_o the_o air._n not_o but_o that_o there_o be_v several_a other_o body_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o effluvia_fw-la be_v mix_v with_o the_o air_n and_o disperse_v through_o it_o may_v cool_v the_o air_n according_a to_o their_o proportion_n as_o much_o as_o
one_o bowl_n in_o motion_n strike_v against_o another_o not_o in_o motion_n communicate_v as_o much_o of_o its_o motion_n as_o it_o can_v to_o the_o other_o and_o lose_v it_o be_v own_o and_o so_o the_o vapour_n and_o steam_n in_o a_o room_n in_o frosty_a wether_n strike_v against_o the_o glass-window_n be_v deprive_v of_o their_o motion_n and_o freeze_v which_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v much_o thick_a upon_o the_o glass_n in_o russia_n than_o here_o in_o england_n a_o note_n out_o of_o martinius_n in_o his_o account_n of_o china_n this_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o at_o peking_n though_o the_o pole_n be_v not_o elevate_v above_o 42_o degree_n yet_o for_o four_o month_n together_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o november_n the_o river_n be_v freeze_v in_o one_o day_n so_o that_o they_o bear_v coach_n and_o horse_n a_o note_v take_v out_o of_o martinius_n cromerus_n his_o polonia_n the_o cold_a be_v so_o violent_a in_o these_o country_n sometime_o that_o the_o tree_n wither_v at_o the_o root_n and_o water_n be_v freeze_v as_o it_o fall_v through_o the_o air_n and_o the_o water_n be_v freeze_v up_o for_o two_o month_n so_o that_o they_o bear_v horse_n load_v and_o coach_n and_o this_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o pass_v over_o the_o weisell_n in_o massovia_n with_o a_o coach_n and_o horse_n and_o other_o horseman_n and_o in_o prussia_n the_o fish_n in_o the_o ice_n begin_v after_o the_o begin_n of_o november_n and_o last_v till_o march_n be_v end_v another_o note_n out_o of_o the_o same_o 1._o they_o catch_v fish_n more_o commodious_o in_o winter_n than_o summer_n for_o break_v hole_n in_o several_a place_n in_o the_o ice_n a_o net_n be_v cast_v into_o one_o of_o they_o and_o rope_n fasten_v to_o it_o man_n with_o pole_n and_o horse_n draw_v the_o net_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o 2._o i_o be_o tell_v that_o at_o warsaw_n in_o twelve_o hour_n the_o water_n be_v freeze_v 4_o inch_n downward_o one_o that_o sail_v to_o make_v discovery_n beyond_o the_o arctic_a circle_n tell_v i_o he_o can_v eat_v as_o much_o in_o one_o day_n as_o in_o ten_o here_o and_o that_o after_o they_o have_v sail_v over_o a_o deep_a blue_a sea_n they_o come_v to_o one_o as_o black_a as_o ink_n which_o be_v sound_v it_o be_v above_o 70_o fathom_n sack_n be_v freeze_v and_o thaw_v again_o present_o lose_v its_o vigour_n 3._o in_o these_o part_v the_o frost_n penetrate_v the_o ground_n five_o foot_n and_o the_o ice_n in_o iberia_n in_o the_o river_n ob_fw-la be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a thick_a there_o be_v there_o but_o twelve_o week_n in_o the_o whole_a year_n without_o frost_n the_o river_n have_v breathe_a place_n a_o mile_n long_o out_o of_o which_o fume_n ascend_v as_o out_o of_o a_o cellar_n when_o the_o door_n be_v open_v death_n by_o cold_a be_v not_o painful_a if_o it_o be_v intense_a cold_n dry_v excessive_o cleave_v the_o earth_n and_o cause_n timber_n to_o crack_v title_n xx._n experiment_n concern_v the_o weight_n of_o body_n freeze_v and_o unfrozen_a unfrozen_a the_o weight_n of_o body_n freeze_v and_o unfrozen_a 1._o to_o try_v whether_o body_n upon_o freeze_v will_v grow_v heavy_a since_o epicurus_n and_o other_o atomist_n suppose_v congelation_n to_o depend_v upon_o the_o crowd_v in_o of_o frigorifick_a atom_n we_o expose_v egg_n to_o be_v freeze_v all_o night_n and_o in_o the_o morning_n we_o find_v they_o have_v lose_v four_o grain_n of_o their_o weight_n which_o we_o suspect_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o avolition_n of_o some_o exhalation_n through_o the_o shell_n since_o at_o other_o time_n we_o observe_v that_o egg_n counterpoise_v lose_v eight_o grain_n of_o their_o weight_n in_o some_o process_n of_o time_n 2._o water_n freeze_v and_o weigh_v counterpoise_v a_o grain_n and_o a_o little_a more_o than_o when_o it_o be_v thaw_v but_o the_o experiment_n be_v make_v in_o a_o glass_n with_o a_o long_a stem_n hermetical_o seal_v when_o the_o water_n be_v freeze_v it_o be_v as_o heavy_a or_o heavy_a after_o it_o be_v thaw_v and_o the_o same_o equality_n of_o weight_n betwixt_o freeze_a and_o unfrozen_a water_n happen_v in_o other_o experiment_n 3._o stone_n be_v weigh_v after_o expose_v to_o the_o cold_a air_n and_o also_o in_o a_o warm_a air_n they_o seem_v to_o discover_v a_o increase_n of_o weight_n but_o i_o suspect_v it_o proceed_v from_o water_n imbibe_v into_o their_o pore_n since_o stone_n be_v observe_v to_o increase_v their_o weight_n in_o water_n and_o further_o because_o one_o that_o be_v well_o polish_v and_o not_o apt_a to_o imbibe_n water_n retain_v bare_o its_o own_o weight_n so_o that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o epicurean_a freeze_v must_v be_v invalid_a except_o he_o suppose_v the_o frigorifick_a atom_n like_o those_o of_o a_o loadstone_n to_o be_v without_o weight_n a_o appendix_n to_o the_o xx_o title_n the_o foregoing_a experiment_n may_v not_o only_o satisfy_v we_o that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o epicurean_o be_v erroneous_a but_o may_v likewise_o help_v we_o to_o correct_v some_o extravagant_a relation_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n for_o helmont_n tell_v we_o that_o water_n thaw_v in_o a_o vessel_n hermetical_o seal_v be_v â…›_n heavy_a than_o before_o but_o perhaps_o this_o difference_n may_v in_o part_n depend_v on_o the_o access_n of_o vapour_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o glass_n in_o opposition_n to_o what_o manalphus_n tell_v we_o i_o find_v that_o water_n freeze_v in_o a_o metalline_a porringer_n in_o one_o experiment_n lose_v 50_o in_o another_o 60_o grain_n of_o its_o weight_n which_o i_o attribute_v to_o a_o avolition_n of_o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n since_o when_o we_o order_v the_o matter_n so_o that_o no_o water_n can_v steam_v out_o there_o be_v no_o considerable_a increase_n or_o decrease_v in_o the_o weight_n of_o water_n freeze_v or_o thaw_v particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o xx_o title_n 1._o quicksilver_n be_v weigh_v in_o the_o air_n and_o afterward_o counterpoise_v in_o water_n when_o by_o the_o application_n of_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n it_o begin_v to_o freeze_v the_o bubble_n weigh_v ¾_n of_o a_o grain_n less_o than_o before_o a_o globe_n of_o snow_n ram_v into_o a_o mould_n who_o diameter_n be_v a_o inch_n weigh_v 112_o grain_n a_o globe_n of_o ice_n of_o the_o same_o diameter_n weigh_v 2_o dram_fw-la and_o 5_o grain_n 2._o after_o a_o long_a frost_n and_o snow_n the_o liquor_n in_o the_o gage_v weatherglass_n stand_v below_o the_o first_o mark_n but_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o baroscope_n stand_v at_o near_o 2_o â—_o below_o 29_o inch_n which_o perhaps_o may_v be_v attribute_v to_o the_o high_a wind._n 3._o four_o ounce_n of_o snow_n be_v counter_o poise_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o frost_n all_o night_n and_o at_o 10_o or_o 11_o in_o the_o morning_n have_v lose_v near_o 30_o grain_n which_o part_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v evaporate_v the_o melt_a liquor_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o scale_n amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o 8_o grain_n 4._o two_o ounce_n of_o snow_n depress_v flat_a so_o as_o to_o form_v a_o large_a superficies_n and_o counterpoise_v in_o a_o night_n time_n lose_v 55_o grain_n no_o water_n be_v find_v in_o the_o scale_n and_o two_o hour_n after_o the_o decrement_n be_v 63_o grain_n none_o of_o the_o snow_n appear_v yet_o to_o be_v melt_v title_n xxi_o promiscuous_a experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v cold._n power_n whether_o frost_n hinder_v odoriferous_a effluvia_fw-la from_o exert_v their_o power_n 1._o several_a flower_n be_v gather_v in_o december_n and_o january_n and_o hasty_o smelâ—ed_v 〈◊〉_d have_v no_o sensible_a effect_n on_o the_o sensory_a whicâ—_n phaenomenon_n i_o attribute_v to_o the_o frost_n hinder_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o spirituous_a sap_n from_o rise_v up_o into_o they_o and_o not_o that_o it_o prevent_v those_o spirituous_a part_n from_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la since_o a_o vigorous_a fresh_a primrose_n have_v a_o odour_n genuine_a and_o sweet_a 2._o rose-water_n be_v freeze_v when_o it_o be_v whole_o ice_n afford_v a_o genuine_a scent_n but_o something_o faint_a than_o when_o it_o be_v thaw_v again_o but_o in_o make_v these_o experiment_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o body_n smell_v at_o shall_v not_o be_v hold_v too_o long_o near_o the_o nose_n lest_o the_o warmth_n of_o one_o face_n shall_v help_v to_o excite_v those_o odoriferous_a part_n and_o consequent_o frustrate_v the_o trial_n 3._o stink_v water_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o cold_a and_o freeze_v be_v altogether_o inodorous_a 4._o it_o be_v report_v by_o several_a and_o attest_v by_o olearius_n that_o the_o russian_n and_o livonian_o enable_v themselves_o to_o bear_v cold_a extreme_o by_o go_v out_o of_o their_o store_n naked_a immediate_o into_o cold_a water_n and_o even_o ice_n itself_o 5._o have_v make_v use_n of_o a_o good_a
have_v upon_o occult_a quality_n as_o well_o as_o manifest_a one_o and_o likewise_o upon_o fermentation_n since_o it_o be_v observe_v to_o retardate_v the_o work_n of_o ale_n extreme_o and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o must_v may_v be_v preserve_v sweet_a a_o long_a time_n in_o a_o deep_a well_o or_o if_o let_v down_o into_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o river_n and_o will_v when_o take_v up_o be_v less_o apt_a to_o ferment_n than_o other_o parcel_n of_o must_v keep_v in_o the_o warm_a air._n it_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o northern_a country_n that_o the_o most_o spirituous_a part_n of_o liquor_n have_v be_v separate_v and_o collect_v together_o by_o a_o congelation_n of_o the_o phlegm_n wherefore_o to_o try_v what_o cold_a will_v effect_v in_o our_o climate_n i_o hang_v out_o a_o bottle_n of_o beer_n in_o a_o sharp_a night_n and_o find_v that_o most_o part_n of_o it_o be_v freeze_v the_o liquor_n which_o be_v not_o freeze_v be_v very_o strong_a and_o spirituous_a the_o freeze_a part_n be_v spiritless_a but_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n tinge_v with_o cochineel_n be_v mix_v with_o water_n congelation_n separate_v not_o their_o part_n nor_o do_v it_o separate_v the_o red_a and_o the_o watery_a part_n of_o claret_n i_o make_v several_a trial_n upon_o milk_n and_o blood_n as_o also_o on_o vinegar_n in_o which_o my_o attempt_n prove_v insatisfactory_a but_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n be_v make_v in_o 24_o part_n of_o water_n so_o that_o it_o be_v as_o strong_a as_o the_o sea-water_n about_o we_o i_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v expose_v to_o freeze_v in_o a_o flat_a vessel_n which_o be_v the_o large_a that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n may_v be_v considerable_a and_o when_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o cake_n of_o ice_n that_o be_v take_v off_o it_o acquire_v another_o which_o when_o dissolve_v yield_a water_n not_o near_o so_o salt_n as_o that_o which_o remain_v unfreeze_v and_o be_v hydrostatical_o weigh_v be_v considerable_o light_a have_v expose_v several_a vegetable_a and_o animal_n substance_n to_o be_v freeze_v i_o find_v that_o by_o that_o mean_v i_o can_v discover_v their_o succulent_a juice_n and_o squeeze_v they_o out_o in_o the_o form_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v do_v by_o cut_v they_o transverse_o and_o length_n way_n i_o can_v discover_v also_o the_o figure_n and_o size_n of_o the_o pore_n in_o which_o those_o juice_n lodge_v among_o the_o animal_n substance_n expose_v to_o freeze_v be_v the_o eye_n and_o the_o brain_n of_o animal_n which_o by_o be_v freeze_v will_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v dissect_v the_o latter_a when_o cut_v in_o two_o seem_a like_o a_o apple_n freeze_v the_o ventricles_n and_o iâ—…_n whole_a substance_n be_v fill_v with_o icy_a particle_n neither_o a_o eye_n nor_o a_o liver_n lean_a flesh_n or_o fish_n nor_o a_o live_a frog_n will_v be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n as_o egg_n and_o apple_n be_v when_o put_v into_o water_n after_o they_o have_v be_v freeze_v as_o for_o the_o reason_n why_o flesh_n be_v usual_o much_o impair_v by_o be_v freeze_v i_o suppose_v it_o to_o proceed_v hence_o viz._n that_o the_o alimental_a juice_n be_v expend_v by_o freeze_a have_v not_o its_o own_o texture_n alter_v only_o but_o even_o the_o solid_a vessel_n which_o contain_v it_o be_v thereby_o bruise_v and_o crush_v for_o from_o several_a experiment_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o egg_n will_v be_v burst_v by_o the_o freeze_a of_o the_o alimental_a juice_n and_o that_o the_o texture_n of_o stone_n and_o vegetable_n will_v be_v destroy_v by_o the_o powerful_a congelation_n of_o their_o respective_a juice_n which_o will_v be_v less_o wonder_v at_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o aqueous_a part_n by_o their_o expansion_n be_v able_a to_o burst_v the_o barrel_n of_o a_o gun_n have_v i_o have_v leisure_n and_o conveniency_n i_o will_v have_v try_v what_o effect_n cold_a have_v upon_o animal_n freeze_v to_o death_n but_o have_v expose_v a_o rabbit_n to_o the_o cold_a all_o night_n i_o find_v that_o only_o one_o leg_n be_v swell_v and_o a_o little_a stiff_a but_o a_o strangle_a rabbit_n be_v expose_v to_o be_v freeze_v ice_n be_v produce_v in_o several_a part_n it_o be_v affirm_v by_o several_a modern_a writer_n that_o if_o water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o the_o salt_n of_o vegetable_n upon_o congelation_n they_o will_v represent_v the_o shape_n of_o the_o plant_n they_o belong_v to_o but_o notwithstanding_o i_o have_v several_a time_n try_v the_o experiment_n i_o find_v it_o either_o false_a or_o very_o contingent_a since_o it_o do_v not_o once_o answer_v expectation_n but_o have_v expose_v a_o lixivium_n of_o pot-ash_n to_o freeze_v i_o find_v that_o the_o crystal_n upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n be_v prismatical_a and_o that_o under_o those_o lie_v a_o great_a many_o thin_a parallel_n plate_n of_o ice_n but_o not_o range_v in_o such_o a_o order_n as_o to_o represent_v the_o shape_n of_o tree_n and_o though_o bartholinus_n tell_v we_o that_o if_o a_o decoction_n of_o cabbage_n be_v freeze_v it_o will_v represent_v a_o cabbage_n yet_o i_o can_v never_o find_v that_o the_o experiment_n succeed_v except_o that_o once_o there_o appear_v the_o faint_a resemblance_n of_o a_o single_a leaf_n but_o i_o have_v find_v that_o fair_a water_n freeze_v will_v represent_v the_o shape_n of_o vegetable_n often_o than_o their_o decoction_n and_o though_o berigardus_n also_o affirm_v the_o same_o yet_o i_o suspect_v that_o he_o only_o wirt_z without_o try_v the_o experiment_n himself_o and_o yet_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o prepossessed_a spectator_n may_v fancy_v they_o see_v such_o thing_n when_o they_o do_v not_o for_o though_o sea-salt_n and_o alum_n consist_v of_o part_n of_o determinate_a figure_n yet_o when_o dissolve_v in_o water_n they_o exhibit_v figure_n too_o various_a and_o extravagant_a not_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o chance_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o shall_v add_v that_o by_o distil_v and_o rectify_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n from_o sea-salt_n in_o a_o glass-head_n as_o the_o degree_n of_o heat_n be_v vary_a so_o will_v the_o figure_n of_o tree_n be_v represent_v different_a on_o the_o inside_n the_o glass_n and_o i_o have_v several_a time_n produce_v the_o shape_n of_o tree_n from_o body_n belong_v to_o the_o animal_n kingdom_n and_o i_o have_v find_v that_o though_o figure_v curious_a enough_o will_v be_v represent_v by_o spirit_n solution_n decoction_n vinegar_n milk_n and_o even_o common_a water_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o hope_v for_o the_o same_o success_n and_o that_o the_o like_a figure_n shall_v always_o be_v afford_v by_o the_o same_o liquor_n since_o very_o small_a circumstance_n will_v vary_v they_o considerable_o and_o in_o try_v of_o such_o experiment_n as_o these_o it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o advertise_v that_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a that_o the_o liquor_n shall_v be_v as_o shallow_a as_o it_o possible_o may_v that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o speedy_o freeze_v a_o freeze_a egg_n be_v put_v into_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n instead_o of_o common_a water_n it_o gather_v not_o about_o it_o any_o crusty_a film_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o mr._n wood_n that_o though_o new-england_n be_v 10_o or_o 11_o degree_n remote_a from_o the_o pole_n yet_o the_o winter_n be_v much_o more_o pierce_a and_o cold_a than_o we_o and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o the_o xviii_o title_n of_o the_o infrigidating_a power_n of_o wind_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o sometime_o it_o have_v be_v so_o much_o more_o cold_a than_o at_o other_o that_o be_v blow_v through_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n it_o will_v cause_v not_o only_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n to_o subside_o but_o be_v blow_v upon_o the_o ball_n of_o another_o weatherglass_n not_o only_o the_o liquor_n but_o even_o mercury_n itself_o will_v be_v force_v to_o ascend_v though_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n can_v not_o cause_v that_o effect_n and_o i_o have_v often_o try_v that_o when_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n be_v such_o that_o though_o when_o first_o blow_v upon_o the_o ball_n of_o a_o nice_a thermoscope_n it_o will_v not_o cause_v the_o liquor_n to_o ascend_v yet_o at_o another_o season_n the_o tinged_a liquor_n ascend_v as_o if_o the_o air_n by_o be_v more_o than_o ordinary_o compress_v in_o the_o room_n have_v some_o sensible_a effect_n in_o compress_v and_o contract_v the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o thermoscope_n to_o try_v whether_o liquor_n by_o lose_v their_o fluidity_n and_o become_v consistent_a will_v acquire_v a_o great_a degree_n of_o coldness_n i_o cause_v the_o ball_n of_o a_o weatherglass_n to_o be_v immerse_v in_o salad-oil_n and_o a_o solution_n of_o minium_n in_o vinegar_n or_o of_o quicklime_n in_o water_n either_o of_o which_o will_v coagulate_v the_o oil_n but_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o
the_o influence_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n for_o which_o reason_n deep_a cellar_n be_v general_o warm_a and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o deep_a mine_n in_o hungary_n be_v always_o the_o hot_a and_o though_o the_o upper_a region_n in_o some_o measure_n seem_v cold_a yet_o that_o may_v easy_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o predisposition_n of_o our_o sensory_n when_o out_o of_o the_o warm_a air_n we_o find_v it_o comparative_o cold_o in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o groove_n and_o in_o our_o ascent_n cold_o in_o respect_n of_o those_o region_n which_o be_v near_a the_o influence_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n and_o that_o the_o low_a region_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o uppermost_a be_v not_o only_o evident_a from_o what_o have_v be_v elsewhere_o deliver_v but_o from_o what_o archbishop_n vpsal_n have_v observe_v in_o the_o deep_a mountain_n in_o poland_n from_o whence_o they_o dig_v rock-salt_n and_o though_o the_o heat_n of_o spring_n in_o the_o winter_n may_v be_v allege_v by_o some_o as_o a_o cause_n of_o antiperistasis_n yet_o it_o be_v easy_o otherwise_o explain_v since_o the_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n as_o well_o as_o the_o comparative_a coldness_n of_o the_o air_n be_v sufficient_a to_o solve_v that_o phaenomenon_n and_o that_o the_o antiperistasis_n be_v not_o so_o powerful_a in_o the_o winter_n as_o to_o have_v any_o effect_n on_o the_o subterraneal_a part_n be_v evident_a since_o capt._n james_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o have_v a_o well_o which_o remain_v unfreeze_v all_o winter_n so_o that_o by_o break_v the_o ice_n on_o the_o top_n they_o can_v get_v fresh_a water_n and_o it_o be_v attest_v by_o a_o latin_a author_n that_o in_o or_o near_o the_o island_n hueena_n wherein_o the_o famous_a tycho_n build_v his_o vraniburgum_a there_o be_v one_o spring_n which_o be_v not_o freeze_v in_o winter_n and_o olaus_n magnus_n tell_v we_o that_o near_o nidrosia_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o norway_n there_o be_v a_o lake_n that_o in_o that_o northern_a region_n never_o freeze_v and_o josephus_n inform_v we_o of_o a_o hot_a spring_n in_o peru_n from_o whence_o the_o water_n issue_n out_o boil_v hot_a yet_o a_o spring_n which_o be_v just_a by_o it_o be_v cold_a as_o ice_n so_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n through_o which_o body_n flow_v may_v have_v a_o considerable_a stroke_n in_o alter_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o water_n and_o to_o favour_v what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o reason_n why_o spring_n steam_v in_o the_o summer_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o our_o breath_n as_o well_o as_o the_o steam_n of_o issue_n be_v visible_a in_o the_o winter_n though_o not_o discernible_a in_o the_o summer_n and_o the_o very_a steam_n of_o a_o labour_a man_n have_v be_v freeze_v on_o the_o outside_n of_o his_o waistcoat_n whilst_o he_o be_v work_v and_o it_o be_v common_o observe_v that_o the_o steam_n of_o a_o river_n be_v very_o apparent_a in_o the_o evening_n though_o not_o discernible_a at_o midday_n in_o summer_n and_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o only_o heat_v by_o those_o subterraneal_a steam_n but_o that_o those_o meteor_n which_o we_o frequent_o see_v proceed_v from_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la will_v be_v render_v probable_a by_o observe_v that_o miner_n usual_o foretell_v storm_n and_o alteration_n in_o the_o air_n by_o the_o damp_n which_o rise_v in_o their_o mine_n and_o in_o cornwall_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o fisherman_n that_o those_o sulphureous_a exhalation_n which_o appear_v like_o fire_n up_o and_o down_o general_o precede_v considerable_a storm_n and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o ireland_n when_o a_o black_a cloud_n like_o a_o barrel_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o water_n a_o violent_a storm_n present_o succeed_v and_o a_o anonymous_n writer_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o comitatus_fw-la zotiensis_n in_o hungary_n a_o clift_n of_o ground_n emit_v such_o steam_n that_o bird_n and_o cat_n or_o dog_n be_v hold_v over_o it_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o steam_n of_o it_o and_o the_o same_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o near_o the_o city_n buda_n there_o be_v such_o hot_a spring_n that_o the_o river_n danubius_n be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v they_o cool_v and_o he_o tell_v we_o likewise_o that_o in_o the_o river_n istroganum_n they_o may_v discover_v hot_a spring_n by_o remove_v the_o sand_n with_o their_o foot_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o credible_a witness_n that_o in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n there_o be_v a_o ditch_n which_o emit_v steam_n which_o be_v inflammable_a and_o probable_o there_o may_v be_v other_o place_n which_o emit_v such_o kind_n of_o effluvia_fw-la and_o afford_v matter_n for_o fiery_a meteor_n and_o wind_n and_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o not_o only_o in_o muscovy_n a_o tract_n of_o water_n a_o mile_n long_o continue_v unfreeze_v when_o the_o rest_n be_v and_o emit_v hot_a steam_n but_o olaus_n magnus_n tell_v we_o of_o a_o lake_n veter_fw-la which_o thaw_v with_o a_o considerable_a noise_n that_o as_o well_o as_o the_o river_n peking_n near_o china_n which_o thaw_v in_o one_o day_n begin_v at_o the_o bottom_n and_o so_o thaw_v upward_o and_o in_o these_o thaw_v it_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o be_v foretell_v by_o a_o great_a boil_a of_o the_o water_n first_o under_o the_o ice_n and_o that_o such_o effluvia_fw-la be_v detain_v from_o fly_v away_o and_o keep_v up_o in_o the_o earth_n may_v contribute_v to_o the_o heat_n of_o cellar_n appear_v further_o since_o in_o muscow_n when_o a_o cellar_n have_v be_v long_o keep_v shut_v when_o first_o the_o door_n be_v open_v the_o steam_n will_v affect_v the_o man_n so_o powerful_o as_o almost_o to_o suffocate_v they_o so_o that_o from_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o retention_n of_o hot_a effluvia_fw-la depend_v on_o a_o constipation_n of_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o not_o on_o the_o disposition_n of_o hot_a vapour_n to_o fly_v away_o from_o their_o contrary_n since_o we_o see_v that_o they_o have_v no_o such_o disposition_n the_o vapour_n of_o a_o well_o rather_o disperse_v themselves_o in_o the_o air_n than_o fly_v away_o from_o it_o but_o to_o disprove_v the_o doctrine_n of_o antiperistasis_n further_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o rod_n of_o iron_n which_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o iron_n fix_v to_o one_o end_n of_o it_o have_v that_o end_n make_v red_a hot_a and_o quench_v in_o cold_a water_n the_o heat_n do_v not_o recede_v into_o the_o other_o end_n to_o avoid_v the_o coldness_n of_o the_o water_n but_o a_o more_o convince_a experiment_n be_v that_o a_o weatherglass_n be_v suspend_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n in_o water_n when_o that_o glass_n be_v place_v in_o hot_a water_n the_o coldness_n of_o that_o in_o the_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v drive_v upon_o the_o weatherglass_n that_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o subside_n but_o when_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o external_n water_n be_v diffuse_v through_o the_o other_o it_o manifest_o rose_n and_o this_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o warm_a water_n in_o the_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n and_o cold_a water_n about_o that_o the_o heat_n be_v not_o more_o intense_a about_o the_o weatherglass_n but_o when_o the_o cold_a have_v diffuse_v itself_o through_o the_o warm_a water_n the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n subside_v postscript_n though_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o antiperistasis_n be_v not_o without_o reason_n explode_v yet_o i_o shall_v suspend_v my_o judgement_n whether_o cellar_n be_v warm_a in_o the_o winter_n than_o the_o summer_n or_o not_o since_o the_o learned_a jesuit_n zucchius_n tell_v we_o that_o have_v suspend_v a_o weatherglass_n 3_o year_n in_o a_o cellar_n the_o water_n will_v rise_v in_o the_o winter_n and_o descend_v in_o the_o summer_n and_o another_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o know_v a_o well_o cold_o in_o summer_n than_o winter_n yet_o i_o be_o far_o from_o believe_v this_o observation_n universal_a since_o what_o have_v be_v say_v evince_n the_o contrary_a for_o though_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v subject_a to_o vary_v in_o their_o temperature_n as_o the_o wether_n influence_n they_o yet_o subterraneal_a cavity_n than_o be_v very_o deep_o be_v neither_o hot_a or_o cold_a in_o the_o winter_n or_o summer_n and_o though_o zucchius_n have_v undertake_v to_o measure_v it_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o weather-glass_n yet_o since_o ordinary_a weather-glass_n be_v subject_a to_o be_v influence_v by_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o air_n as_o well_o as_o the_o heat_n and_o cold_a of_o it_o and_o since_o some_o place_n be_v full_a of_o subterraneal_a vapour_n than_o other_o and_o consequent_o the_o sudden_a ascent_n of_o exhalation_n may_v present_o increase_v the_o weight_n of_o it_o i_o think_v the_o follow_a experiment_n make_v by_o the_o
frost_n and_o tile_n of_o house_n and_o stone-building_n scale_v upon_o a_o thaw_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o north_n side_n of_o building_n first_o decay_n alabaster_n and_o marble_n that_o have_v chink_n in_o they_o usual_o break_v with_o the_o frost_n but_o solid_a marble_n do_v not_o nor_o do_v frost_n affect_v those_o stone_n or_o bituman_n which_o will_v bear_v a_o polish_v ice_n lay_v on_o a_o table_n and_o have_v salt_n strew_v upon_o it_o it_o stick_v so_o fast_o that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v separate_v without_o be_v break_v in_o piece_n and_o the_o salt_n make_v its_o way_n through_o the_o ice_n down_o to_o the_o board_n but_o if_o salt_n be_v strew_v betwixt_o the_o ice_n and_o the_o board_n it_o will_v not_o be_v freeze_v to_o it_o but_o thaw_v the_o follow_a salt_n cause_v not_o so_o firm_a a_o adhesion_n as_o common_a salt_n viz._n kelp_n sandever_n sal_fw-la indus_n gem_n prunel_n armon_n and_o pot-ash_n a_o nail_n hold_v betwixt_o my_o lip_n can_v not_o be_v remove_v without_o difficulty_n and_o pain_n a_o tincture_n of_o cochineel_n with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o another_o with_o a_o little_a sea-salt_n water_n be_v freeze_v throughout_o retain_v a_o equal_a colour_n in_o all_o part_n and_o so_o do_v a_o tincture_n of_o mades-weed_n and_o indigo_n a_o decoction_n of_o soot_n be_v freeze_v without_o any_o concentration_n yet_o mr._n hook_n a_o worthy_a fellow_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n have_v observe_v the_o contrary_a effect_n egg_n and_o apples-froze_a differ_v not_o in_o weight_n nor_o do_v body_n weigh_v in_o seal_a glass_n frost_n render_v wood_n iron_n steel_n and_o the_o bone_n of_o animal_n more_o friable_a in_o frosty_a wether_n especial_o in_o those_o that_o be_v taint_v with_o the_o lues_fw-la venerea_fw-la frost_n preserve_v body_n from_o putrefaction_n and_o confirm_v the_o tone_n of_o animal_n and_o fatten_v some_o it_o clear_v the_o air_n so_o that_o musty_a stone-bottle_n be_v fill_v with_o water_n and_o freeze_v after_o a_o thaw_v be_v very_o sweet_a it_o likewise_o destroy_v animal_n and_o vegetable_n so_o that_o in_o greenland_n nothing_o but_o glass_n grow_v as_o also_o in_o nova_n zembla_n ice_n the_o quality_n of_o ice_n as_o for_o the_o quality_n of_o ice_n it_o be_v slippery_a smooth_a hard_a firm_a and_o strong_a diaphanous_a interpose_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o a_o candle_n appear_v in_o many_o round_a circle_n from_o whence_o proceed_v ray_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o star_n a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o diameter_n i_o have_v see_v the_o ice_n in_o the_o thames_n eight_o inch_n thick_a and_o in_o garden-walks_a the_o earth_n freeze_v near_o two_o foot_n thick_a but_o in_o rich_a soil_n it_o do_v not_o penetrate_v above_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o quarter_n ice_n general_o swim_v but_o i_o have_v see_v snowball_n compress_v and_o moisten_v with_o water_n sink_v congeal_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n sink_v ice_n be_v cold_a than_o water_n and_o that_o quality_n be_v increase_v by_o add_v salt_n or_o snow_n it_o have_v no_o smell_n but_o check_v that_o quality_n in_o other_o body_n it_o yield_v both_o reflection_n and_o refraction_n north_n and_o north-east_n wind_n the_o absence_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o high_a part_n of_o mountain_n a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n promote_v freeze_v water_n fall_v upon_o ice_n or_o snow_n freeze_v and_o a_o mixture_n of_o beat_a ice_n with_o sea-salt_n kelp_n alum_n vitriol_n or_o nitre_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v promote_v freeze_v and_o if_o water_n be_v set_v upon_o such_o mixture_n it_o begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n salt_n petre_n dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o agitate_a in_o a_o cold_a season_n turn_v not_o the_o water_n into_o ice_n a_o bolt-head_n be_v place_v in_o snow_n in_o a_o pan_n though_o the_o pan_n be_v set_v on_o the_o fire_n and_o thaw_v gradual_o yet_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bolt-head_n freeze_v not_o water_n freeze_v in_o pan_n be_v set_v on_o newcastle_n coal_n in_o a_o cellar_n and_o likewise_o on_o sand_n and_o on_o the_o earthen_a floor_n they_o thaw_v in_o the_o same_o order_n and_o so_o do_v egg_n and_o apple_n a_o syphon_n may_v be_v make_v of_o ice_n through_o which_o water_n will_v run_v very_o fast_o another_o use_n which_o may_v be_v make_v of_o ice_n be_v for_o refraction_n of_o which_o mr._n hook_n have_v give_v a_o learned_a demonstration_n have_v form_v ice_n into_o various_a figure_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o same_o as_o those_o mention_v by_o dioptrick_n writer_n we_o may_v likewise_o make_v a_o speculum_fw-la of_o it_o by_o hold_v a_o piece_n of_o paper_n behind_o it_o the_o learned_a bartholinus_n deliver_v the_o follow_a proposition_n of_o it_o 1._o that_o the_o more_o subtle_a distil_a spirit_n gain_v a_o clear_a splendour_n and_o elegancy_n from_o snow_n place_v about_o they_o 2._o the_o ray_n of_o snow_n new_o fall_v glitter_v and_o dazzle_v the_o eye_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o globuli_fw-la by_o which_o they_o be_v reflect_v 3._o a_o cabbage_n putrify_v in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v above_o the_o snow_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v great_a housleek_n or_o american_n aloe_n destroy_v by_o cold_a in_o a_o upper_a room_n and_o sea-onion_n as_o well_o as_o common_a onion_n will_v be_v putrify_v by_o the_o cold._n 4._o snow_n yield_v vapour_n plentiful_o when_o melt_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n 5._o it_o melt_v and_o fall_v off_o from_o ivy._n 6._o it_o contain_v a_o little_a earth_n in_o it_o which_o i_o have_v find_v true_a by_o evaporation_n 7._o viscosity_n with_o softness_n be_v great_a in_o new_a than_o old_a snow_n 8._o watercress_n and_o scurvygrass_n will_v grow_v under_o snow_n in_o garden_n but_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v they_o be_v at_o a_o perfect_a stand_n the_o nutritious_a juice_n be_v congeal_v 9_o air_n be_v include_v in_o snow_n whites_n of_o egg_n be_v beat_v into_o a_o frothy_a consistence_n and_o this_o be_v lay_v on_o a_o trencher_n soon_o appear_v to_o be_v snow_n a_o pail_n 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those_o of_o the_o water_n into_o motion_n induce_v a_o sensation_n of_o cold_a and_o consequent_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o privation_n of_o that_o motion_n which_o before_o cause_v heat_n argument_n the_o second_o argument_n another_o argument_n allege_v for_o the_o positive_a nature_n of_o cold_a be_v this_o from_o gassendus_fw-la cùm_fw-la per_fw-la hyemem_fw-la immittimus_fw-la manum_fw-la in_o labentis_fw-la fluminis_fw-la aquam_fw-la quod_fw-la frigus_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la sentitur_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la dici_fw-la mera_fw-fr privatio_fw-la aliudque_fw-la prorsus_fw-la esse_fw-la apparet_fw-la sentiri_fw-la aquam_fw-la frigidam_fw-la &_o sentiri_fw-la non_fw-la calidam_fw-la et_fw-la fac_fw-la eandem_fw-la aquam_fw-la gelari_fw-la sentietur_fw-la haud_fw-la dubie_n frigidior_fw-la a_o dices_fw-la boc_fw-la esse_fw-la nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la quam_fw-la minus_fw-la calidam_fw-la sentiri_fw-la atqui_fw-la calida_fw-la jam_fw-la antea_fw-la non_fw-la erat_fw-la quomodo_fw-la 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nihil_fw-la agere_fw-la unde_fw-la ejus_fw-la motus_fw-la incutiatur_fw-la potest_fw-la but_o without_o suppose_v insensible_a matter_n to_o be_v in_o the_o least_o capable_a of_o proscecute_v or_o avoid_v what_o be_v hurtful_a to_o it_o this_o objection_n be_v easy_o answer_v for_o the_o reason_n why_o warm_a water_n feel_v hot_a and_o cold_a affect_v we_o upon_o immerge_v our_o hand_n in_o it_o be_v because_o the_o part_n of_o the_o one_o be_v more_o and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o other_o less_o agitate_a than_o those_o about_o the_o sensory_a and_o the_o motion_n of_o humour_n about_o our_o sensory_a be_v increase_v we_o feel_v a_o hot_a sensation_n and_o a_o cold_a one_o upon_o a_o privation_n of_o that_o motion_n five_o a_o five_o and_o though_o it_o be_v urge_v by_o some_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o positive_a nature_n of_o cold_a that_o water_n be_v freeze_v by_o external_o apply_v to_o the_o outside_n of_o a_o glass_n a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n yet_o to_o show_v that_o argument_n prove_v not_o that_o cold_a act_n positive_o i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a explication_n of_o des_fw-fr cartes_n quia_fw-la materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la partibus_fw-la bujus_fw-la aquae_fw-la circumfusa_fw-la crassior_fw-la aut_fw-la minus_fw-la subtilis_fw-la &_o consequenter_fw-la plum_n virium_fw-la habens_fw-la quam_fw-la illa_fw-la quae_fw-la circa_fw-la nivis_fw-la part_n herebat_fw-la locum_fw-la illius_fw-la occupo_fw-la dum_fw-la part_n nivis_fw-la liquescendo_fw-la partibus_fw-la salis_fw-la circumvolvuntur_fw-la facilius_fw-la enim_fw-la per_fw-la salsae_fw-la aquae_fw-la quam_fw-la per_fw-la dulcis_fw-la poros_fw-la movetur_fw-la &_o perpetuo_fw-la ex_fw-la corpore_fw-la uno_fw-la in_fw-la aliud_fw-la transire_fw-la nititur_fw-la ut_fw-la ad_fw-la ea_fw-la loca_fw-la perveniat_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la mortui_fw-la svo_fw-la minus_fw-la resistitur_fw-la quo_fw-la ipso_fw-la materia_fw-la subtilior_fw-la ex_fw-la nive_v in_fw-la aquam_fw-la penetrate_v ut_fw-la egredienti_fw-la succedat_fw-la &_o quum_fw-la non_fw-la satis_fw-la valida_fw-la fit_a ad_fw-la continuandam_fw-la agitationem_fw-la huius_fw-la aquae_fw-la illam_fw-la concrescere_fw-la sinit_fw-la and_o in_o a_o similar_v manner_n calces_fw-la or_o precipitates_fw-la or_o other_o powder_n be_v dry_v by_o be_v place_v on_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n
in_o both_o successive_o and_o the_o salt_n itself_o be_v cast_v into_o water_n scarce_o make_v it_o sensible_o cold_a nor_o do_v the_o glass_n wherein_o this_o salt_n be_v keep_v disclose_v any_o remarkable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n and_o even_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n itself_o when_o the_o ebullition_n be_v over_o appear_v not_o cold_a than_o common_a water_n in_o a_o night_n time_n so_o that_o the_o coldness_n depend_v pure_o upon_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o ferment_a liquor_n and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o i_o make_v use_v of_o a_o spirit_n that_o be_v draw_v off_o at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o this_o salt_n and_o which_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o my_o sense_n appear_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n yet_o instead_o of_o a_o cold_a ebullition_n it_o produce_v a_o lukewarm_a heat_n and_o to_o these_o i_o shall_v further_o subjoin_v that_o though_o the_o liquor_n above_o mention_v will_v produce_v a_o cold_a ferment_n with_o the_o dry_a salt_n 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xii_o of_o the_o mechanical_a origin_n or_o production_n of_o heat_n heat_n of_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o heat_n heat_v be_v a_o quality_n who_o nature_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o a_o mechanical_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n say_v to_o be_v hot_a it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o note_v that_o the_o three_o follow_a condition_n be_v necessary_a in_o modify_v that_o motion_n first_o that_o the_o motion_n be_v more_o rapid_a than_o in_o body_n bare_o fluid_a so_o water_n become_v hot_a by_o a_o increase_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n which_o argue_v their_o vehement_a motion_n by_o dissolve_v butter_n and_o rise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n which_o effect_n be_v more_o conspicuous_a as_o the_o degree_n of_o motion_n be_v great_a or_o less_o another_o instance_n to_o show_v that_o the_o part_n of_o hot_a water_n be_v in_o a_o more_o violent_a agitation_n than_o those_o of_o cold_a be_v in_o water_n cast_v upon_o a_o hot_a iron_n for_o they_o present_o acquire_v such_o a_o additional_a motion_n from_o that_o hot_a body_n that_o it_o hiss_v and_o boil_v yield_v steam_n copious_o but_o a_o strong_a instance_n of_o the_o vehement_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o hot_a body_n be_v in_o actual_a flame_n since_o they_o move_v so_o impetuous_o as_o to_o dissolve_v and_o shatter_v whatever_o lie_v in_o their_o way_n a_o second_o condition_n requisite_a to_o render_v a_o body_n hot_a be_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n be_v various_o determine_v which_o variety_n of_o determination_n be_v apparent_a in_o fire_n which_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n on_o the_o same_o body_n whatsoever_o be_v their_o situation_n in_o respect_n of_o that_o fire_n so_o a_o red_a coal_n melt_v wax_n whether_o hold_v above_o below_z or_o on_o one_o side_n of_o it_o and_o that_o a_o various_o determine_v motion_n be_v requisite_a appear_v if_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o rapid_a motion_n of_o water_n in_o a_o river_n which_o be_v only_o one_o way_n contribute_v not_o to_o the_o increase_n of_o its_o heat_n a_o three_o requisite_a be_v that_o the_o part_n in_o such_o a_o motion_n shall_v be_v very_a minute_n so_o as_o to_o be_v insensible_a since_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o though_o sand_n be_v put_v into_o a_o violent_a motion_n it_o acquire_v not_o a_o heat_n by_o it_o this_o account_n of_o heat_n be_v consider_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o a_o body_n may_v become_v hot_a as_o many_o way_n as_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o have_v its_o part_n put_v into_o such_o a_o motion_n to_o illustrate_v which_o observation_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v some_o instance_n of_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n several_a way_n as_o first_o by_o a_o effusion_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o salt_n of_o tartar_n aq._n fortis_fw-la upon_o silver_n but_o to_o pass_v over_o these_o common_a instance_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o some_o not_o so_o frequent_o know_v have_v first_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o heat_n which_o succeed_v a_o effusion_n of_o cold_a water_n upon_o quicklime_n which_o phaenomenon_n though_o it_o be_v common_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o a_o antiperistasis_n upon_o the_o enclosure_n of_o the_o lime_n in_o cold_a water_n yet_o that_o the_o effect_n be_v produce_v by_o another_o cause_n appear_v since_o the_o like_a succeed_v if_o hot_a water_n be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o cold_a and_o further_o because_o though_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n be_v pour_v on_o it_o cold_a no_o such_o effect_n follow_v experiment_n i._n though_o helmont_n ascribe_v the_o incalescence_n of_o quicklime_n upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n to_o a_o conflict_n of_o a_o alkalizate_n and_o a_o acid_a salt_n set_v at_o liberty_n by_o be_v dissolve_v in_o the_o water_n yet_o since_o no_o such_o acid_n appear_v to_o be_v latent_fw-la in_o quicklime_n the_o account_n be_v unsatisfactory_a for_o i_o may_v as_o well_o suppose_v a_o acid_n latent_fw-la in_o other_o alkaly_n in_o as_o much_o as_o salt_n of_o tartar_n mix_v with_o water_n either_o in_o the_o palm_n of_o one_o hand_n or_o in_o a_o vial_n afford_v a_o sensible_a heat_n experiment_n two_o iii_o iu_o other_o think_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o quicklime_n proceed_v from_o some_o fiery_a empyrumatical_a atom_n lodge_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o stone_n when_o calcine_v and_o set_v at_o liberty_n in_o the_o form_n of_o effluvia_fw-la but_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n since_o no_o such_o heat_n succeed_v a_o affusion_n of_o water_n upon_o minium_n or_o crocus_n martis_n per_fw-la se_fw-la though_o their_o increase_n of_o weight_n argue_v that_o they_o be_v stuff_v with_o fiery_a and_o metalline_a particle_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o know_v two_o liquor_n which_o be_v several_a time_n separate_v and_o reconjoin_v without_o addition_n do_v at_o each_o congress_n acquire_v a_o sensible_a heat_n so_o salt_n of_o tartar_n several_a time_n free_v from_o water_n water_n the_o effect_n of_o a_o mixture_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o water_n will_v produce_v heat_n when_o mix_v again_o with_o that_o water_n which_o show_v that_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v not_o requisite_a to_o impress_v upon_o all_o calcine_v body_n that_o will_v heat_n with_o water_n what_o pass_v for_o a_o empyreum_fw-la and_o this_o phaenomenon_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v proceed_v from_o a_o disposition_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o salt_n be_v stock_v with_o store_n of_o igneous_a part_n which_o upon_o a_o ingress_n of_o water_n press_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v apt_a to_o break_v the_o texture_n of_o that_o body_n and_o to_o put_v they_o in_o motion_n so_o as_o to_o produce_v a_o sensible_a heat_n and_o that_o the_o ferment_n depend_v upon_o the_o peculiar_a texture_n of_o the_o salt_n i_o be_o persuade_v and_o a_o constipation_n of_o the_o pore_n of_o it_o since_o sal-armon_a dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o boil_v to_o a_o dry_a salt_n be_v not_o so_o much_o impregnate_v with_o fiery_a part_n as_o to_o cause_v a_o heat_n upon_o its_o mixture_n with_o water_n again_o but_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o cold_a and_o though_o one_o will_v expect_v a_o great_a cognation_n betwixt_o the_o particle_n of_o fire_n adhere_v to_o quicklime_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n whole_o inflammable_a yet_o the_o latter_a pour_v upon_o the_o former_a do_v not_o produce_v any_o sensible_a incalescence_n or_o dissolution_n of_o it_o and_o when_o this_o spirit_n be_v soak_v into_o it_o i_o pour_v water_n upon_o it_o without_o perceive_v the_o least_o heat_n or_o the_o lime_n break_v till_o within_o a_o few_o hour_n after_o so_o that_o the_o spirit_n be_v suck_v into_o the_o most_o capacious_a pore_n of_o the_o lime_n and_o associate_a with_o the_o water_n render_v it_o more_o unfit_a to_o
and_o garcias_n ab_fw-la horto_fw-la pretend_v to_o be_v eye_n witness_n of_o carbuncle_n which_o shine_v in_o the_o dark_a and_o marcus_n paulus_n venetus_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o king_n of_o zeilan_n have_v a_o ruby_n as_o thick_a as_o a_o man_n arm_n and_o a_o palm_n long_o and_o two_o russian_a cossack_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o hear_v from_o the_o people_n of_o cottay_n that_o their_o king_n have_v a_o ruby_n which_o will_v shine_v night_n and_o day_n and_o benvonuto_n cellini_n a_o italian_a writer_n give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o a_o carbuncle_n which_o afford_v a_o considerable_a light_n in_o the_o night_n and_o we_o ourselves_o have_v be_v inform_v of_o a_o shine_a substance_n find_v in_o scotland_n and_o i_o be_o further_a tell_v that_o a_o dutch_a admiral_n have_v a_o diamond_n which_o when_o he_o open_v a_o coffer_n under_o deck_n in_o a_o dark_a room_n will_v shine_v by_o its_o native_a light_n which_o be_v the_o more_o strange_a because_o that_o be_v a_o much_o cold_a climate_n than_o the_o east-indies_n for_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o warmth_n much_o contribute_v to_o the_o shine_a of_o such_o stone_n since_o rub_v will_v cause_v some_o to_o shine_v which_o when_o cold_a will_v not_o which_o make_v i_o the_o less_o doubt_n of_o what_o be_v say_v of_o right_a turquois_n viz._n that_o it_o change_v colour_n as_o the_o wearer_n be_v sick_a or_o well_o and_o lose_v its_o splendour_n after_o death_n which_o be_v attest_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o boetius_fw-la de_fw-fr boot_n and_o olaus_n wormius_n and_o though_o antonio_n nâ—ri_n tell_v we_o that_o a_o turquois_n discolour_a and_o grow_v white_a will_v regain_v its_o colour_n if_o immerse_v in_o oil_n of_o sweet_a almond_n yet_o wormius_n tell_v we_o that_o a_o nephritick_n stone_n be_v dip_v in_o a_o decoction_n of_o herb_n lose_v its_o virtue_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o texture_n of_o oculus_fw-la mundi_fw-la will_v be_v so_o change_v by_o be_v leave_v in_o water_n that_o from_o opacous_a it_o will_v become_v transparent_a which_o acquire_v lustre_n it_o will_v soon_o lose_v in_o the_o air._n observation_n make_v on_o mr._n clayton_n diamond_n it_o be_v a_o flat_a table_n diamond_n â…“_n of_o a_o inch_n long_o and_o less_o in_o breadth_n of_o a_o bad_a water_n and_o less_o vivid_v in_o the_o day_n than_o other_o diamond_n be_v blemish_v with_o a_o whitish_a cloud_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o which_o blemish_n cover_v near_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o stone_n this_o diamond_n be_v look_v upon_o in_o a_o shady_a place_n in_o the_o day_n and_o also_o with_o a_o microscope_n neither_o any_o thing_n peculiar_a in_o the_o stone_n nor_o any_o light_n be_v perceive_v second_o when_o the_o candle_n be_v remove_v in_o a_o dark_a room_n it_o do_v not_o shine_v without_o be_v rub_v or_o otherwise_o prepare_v three_o i_o can_v neither_o produce_v light_n by_o rub_v together_o two_o pebble_n nor_o by_o a_o vehement_a attrition_n of_o rock-crystal_n nor_o by_o two_o diamond_n as_o by_o this_o stone_n four_o it_o be_v hard_a enough_o to_o grave_a upon_o rock-chrystal_n with_o it_o and_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o electricity_n five_o by_o rub_v it_o in_o the_o dark_a it_o will_v be_v excite_v to_o shine_v like_o rot_a wood_n but_o much_o faint_a than_o the_o scale_n or_o slab_a of_o a_o whiting_n or_o than_o glow-worm_n and_o it_o present_o cease_v after_o the_o attrition_n be_v end_v but_o be_v rub_v brisks_o it_o will_v continue_v its_o light_n much_o long_o so_o that_o it_o last_v eight_o time_n as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v a_o rub_n six_o hold_v it_o near_o a_o faint_a fire_n excite_v its_o luciferous_a quality_n a_o little_a but_o by_o hold_v it_o near_o a_o candle_n it_o be_v more_o apparent_o excite_v in_o a_o dark_a room_n and_o it_o acquire_v a_o little_a glimmer_n by_o be_v hold_v near_o a_o red_a piece_n of_o iron_n as_o also_o by_o be_v contiguous_a to_o my_o naked_a body_n sometime_o seven_o by_o be_v rub_v till_o it_o acquire_v luciferous_a quality_n it_o be_v also_o electrical_a but_o not_o when_o it_o be_v excite_v to_o shine_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n or_o a_o candle_n eight_o attrition_n vary_v its_o luciferous_a quality_n as_o the_o cloth_n vary_v in_o colour_n but_o on_o white_a and_o red_a it_o succeed_v best_o it_o be_v likewise_o excite_v in_o some_o measure_n by_o be_v rub_v upon_o a_o white_a wooden_a box_n and_o a_o pure_o glaze_v earth_n which_o excite_v it_o much_o better_a than_o any_o other_o body_n except_o white_a one_o nine_o when_o it_o be_v excite_v be_v plunge_v into_o water_n spirit_n of_o wine_n oil_n of_o all_o sort_n acid_n spirit_n and_o alkalizate_a solution_n none_o of_o they_o destroy_v its_o shine_a property_n but_o when_o it_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o water_n it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o excite_v as_o before_o ten_o neither_o spital_n nor_o warm_a liquor_n will_v extinguish_v its_o light_n but_o be_v rub_v with_o a_o transparent_a horn_n i_o can_v discover_v light_n through_o it_o and_o sometime_o little_a spark_n of_o fire_n eleven_o be_v rub_v upon_o a_o blue_a glass_n the_o faint_a light_n be_v not_o visible_a through_o it_o but_o be_v first_o excite_v and_o then_o apply_v to_o the_o glass_n the_o ray_n be_v tinge_v in_o their_o passage_n through_o it_o twelve_o by_o press_v it_o hard_o upon_o a_o piece_n of_o white_a tile_n it_o become_v luminous_a as_o also_o it_o discover_v a_o short_a coruscation_n when_o i_o press_v my_o finger_n upon_o it_o and_o if_o i_o thrust_v or_o stick_v the_o point_n of_o a_o bodkin_n against_o it_o it_o will_v discover_v a_o short_a but_o not_o a_o last_a coruscation_n so_o that_o its_o light_n seem_v to_o be_v promote_v by_o pressure_n rather_o than_o attrition_n the_o same_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o other_o precious_a stone_n some_o diamond_n will_v by_o attrition_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o glimmer_a light_n but_o other_o will_v not_o but_o neither_o the_o other_o precious_a stone_n nor_o artificial_a or_o natural_a crystal_n will_v afford_v the_o least_o glimmer_a of_o light_n chap._n xxiv_o the_o aerial_a noctiluca_n or_o some_o new_a phaenomena_n and_o a_o process_n of_o a_o factitious_a self-shining_a substance_n noctiluca_n of_o a_o aerial_a noctiluca_n phosphorus_n be_v either_o natural_a as_o glow-worm_n some_o sort_n of_o rot_a wood_n and_o fish_n or_o artificial_a which_o be_v the_o chief_a subject_n of_o this_o discourse_n and_o be_v either_o first_o such_o as_o will_v retain_v a_o lucidness_n sometime_o after_o they_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o sunbeam_n as_o the_o bolonian_a stone_n and_o phosphorus_n hermeticus_n of_o balduinus_n which_o may_v be_v make_v of_o chalk_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o succeed_v much_o better_a than_o the_o former_a for_o it_o be_v present_o excite_v in_o the_o sunbeam_n and_o even_o at_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n and_o continue_v to_o shine_v a_o considerable_a time_n in_o the_o dark_a yet_o this_o advantage_n the_o bolonian_a stone_n have_v above_o the_o other_o that_o it_o retain_v its_o virtue_n of_o be_v excite_v much_o long_o or_o second_o self-shining_a substance_n such_o as_o be_v usual_o call_v noctiluca_n and_o be_v either_o consistent_a or_o liquid_a such_o as_o mr._n crafft_n bring_v to_o london_n the_o consistent_a one_o be_v of_o a_o gummy_a nature_n and_o constant_o lucid_a but_o the_o other_o apt_a to_o vanish_v if_o expose_v to_o the_o open_a air._n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v one_o of_o my_o own_o preparation_n which_o do_v not_o shine_v itself_o but_o when_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n the_o effluvia_fw-la mix_v with_o it_o become_v lucid_a which_o therefore_o i_o call_v the_o aerial_a noctiluca_n in_o prepare_v of_o which_o from_o some_o part_n of_o a_o man_n body_n it_o be_v not_o only_o difficult_a to_o hit_v upon_o the_o true_a degree_n of_o heat_n but_o the_o vessel_n in_o which_o it_o be_v raise_v by_o distillation_n be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v out_o so_o long_o as_o they_o shall_v we_o be_v force_v to_o save_v the_o luciferous_a matter_n by_o small_a parcel_n and_o in_o distinct_a vial_n observation_n make_v on_o the_o liquor_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o second_o vial_n which_o though_o it_o be_v large_a enough_o to_o contain_v two_o ounce_n have_v but_o a_o spoonful_n of_o the_o liquor_n in_o it_o 1._o by_o daylight_n this_o shine_a liquor_n be_v not_o near_o diaphanous_a but_o of_o a_o muddy_a grayish_a colour_n and_o when_o it_o be_v dispose_v to_o shine_v in_o the_o dark_a the_o cavity_n of_o the_o vial_n above_o the_o liquor_n seem_v to_o be_v full_a of_o whitish_a fume_n though_o at_o other_o time_n transparent_a 2._o the_o vial_n when_o close_o stop_v be_v not_o luminous_a in_o the_o dark_a but_o the_o light_n or_o flame_n appear_v as_o
mace_n as_o with_o oil_n of_o cinnamon_n yet_o upon_o further_a trial_n i_o find_v that_o it_o succeed_v and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v on_o this_o subject_a i_o shall_v further_o add_v when_o the_o noctiluca_n be_v whole_o consume_v to_o a_o caput_n mortuum_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v turn_v with_o the_o other_o side_n upward_o it_o will_v immediate_o take_v fire_n afresh_o the_o work_n of_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boil_v esq_n epitomise_v book_n v._o part_n i._n chap._n i._n new_a experiment_n of_o the_o positive_a or_o relative_n levity_n of_o body_n under_o water_n body_n argument_n against_o the_o positive_a levity_n of_o emerge_a body_n when_o any_o body_n that_o be_v light_a in_o specie_fw-la than_o water_n be_v immerse_v in_o it_o and_o upon_o the_o removal_n of_o that_o force_n which_o depress_v it_o it_o rise_v again_o it_o be_v usual_o attribute_v to_o the_o positive_a levity_n of_o that_o body_n but_o since_o the_o instance_n of_o wood_n emerge_v be_v that_o which_o be_v usual_o offer_v as_o a_o argument_n to_o it_o i_o shall_v answer_v that_o wood_n be_v a_o body_n full_a of_o pore_n except_o some_o which_o will_v not_o swim_v in_o water_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n specifical_o light_a than_o water_n the_o water_n by_o the_o pressure_n of_o that_o which_o be_v incumbent_n get_v betwixt_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o body_n immerse_v cause_v it_o to_o rise_v the_o water_n which_o succeed_v it_o in_o its_o place_n make_v a_o more_o powerful_a pressure_n against_o it_o than_o its_o specific_a gravity_n enable_v it_o to_o resist_v and_o that_o body_n specifical_o light_a than_o water_n will_v be_v thus_o buoy_v up_o by_o it_o will_v appear_v from_o the_o hydrostatical_a paradox_n hereafter_o to_o be_v lay_v down_o and_o though_o it_o be_v usual_o urge_v that_o the_o body_n imimmerse_v be_v too_o close_o contiguous_a to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n for_o the_o water_n to_o insinuate_v themselves_o betwixt_o yet_o from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o be_v the_o contiguous_a surface_n so_o close_o the_o positive_a levity_n of_o the_o wood_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v it_o for_o two_o black_a marble_n be_v so_o exact_o polish_v as_o to_o be_v as_o contiguous_a as_o possible_o they_o may_v we_o tie_v a_o bladder_n full_a of_o air_n to_o the_o uppermost_a and_o then_o cause_v they_o both_o to_o be_v immerse_v in_o water_n the_o positive_a levity_n of_o the_o bladder_n will_v not_o cause_v the_o bladder_n to_o rise_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o by_o a_o servant_n the_o uppermost_a marble_n be_v gradual_o slip_v half_a off_o the_o polish_a surface_n of_o the_o low_a the_o water_n which_o before_o be_v not_o able_a to_o insinuate_v itself_o betwixt_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o contiguous_a marble_n and_o to_o separate_v they_o present_o cause_v the_o bladder_n to_o rise_v with_o a_o considerable_a swiftness_n and_o force_n above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n which_o event_n that_o it_o do_v not_o depend_v on_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n be_v evident_a since_o that_o will_v have_v a_o equal_a force_n when_o the_o polish_a surface_n be_v whole_o contiguous_a the_o power_n of_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n be_v hold_v by_o its_o assertor_n to_o be_v unlimited_a and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o heaviness_n of_o the_o upper_a marble_n nor_o want_v of_o lightness_n in_o the_o include_v appear_v since_o when_o the_o surface_v of_o the_o polish_a marble_n be_v not_o contiguous_a the_o bladder_n be_v able_a to_o lift_v up_o a_o weight_n of_o six_o or_o seven_o pound_n beside_o the_o marble_n and_o to_o show_v that_o the_o bladder_n may_v be_v raise_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o hydrostaticks_n usual_o buoy_v up_o body_n specifical_o light_a than_o itself_o have_v press_v out_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o a_o bladder_n i_o tie_v a_o piece_n of_o iron_n to_o it_o and_o immerse_v it_o in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n which_o be_v so_o deep_a that_o the_o bladder_n be_v total_o immerse_v and_o yet_o not_o far_o below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n and_o this_o be_v convey_v into_o our_o pneumatick_a engine_n when_o by_o exhaust_v the_o air_n part_n of_o the_o pressure_n be_v take_v off_o the_o air_n in_o the_o bladder_n expand_v itself_o and_o take_v up_o more_o room_n in_o the_o water_n and_o consequent_o become_v so_o much_o more_o specifical_o light_a and_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o water_n which_o endeavour_v to_o buoy_v it_o up_o become_v respective_o great_a it_o be_v together_o with_o the_o suspend_v weight_n raise_v to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n and_o continue_v there_o till_o the_o outward_a air_n be_v let_v in_o again_o and_o then_o the_o air_n be_v contract_v into_o its_o former_a dimension_n it_o subside_v again_o in_o which_o experiment_n the_o positive_a levity_n of_o the_o air_n be_v not_o vary_a but_o only_o its_o relative_a and_o respective_a weight_n in_o reference_n to_o its_o proportion_n of_o water_n and_o that_o rarefaction_n alter_v not_o the_o positive_a levity_n of_o body_n may_v appear_v from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n for_o have_v oil_v a_o bladder_n and_o when_o the_o air_n be_v express_v tie_v it_o to_o the_o neck_n of_o a_o vial_n i_o find_v that_o in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n though_o the_o air_n in_o the_o vial_n be_v so_o far_o expanded_a as_o to_o fill_v the_o whole_a capacity_n of_o the_o bladder_n yet_o the_o vial_n neither_o rose_n high_o nor_o subsidede_v low_a when_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o or_o let_v in_o again_o chap._n ii_o new_a experiment_n about_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v spring_n on_o body_n under_o water_n water_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v spring_n on_o body_n under_o water_n to_o show_v that_o the_o spring_n and_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n have_v manifest_a effect_n on_o body_n separate_v from_o a_o immediate_a contact_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o water_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a experiment_n experiment_n ii_o we_o lute_v the_o neck_n of_o a_o vial_n which_o be_v capable_a of_o contain_v above_o a_o point_n of_o water_n upon_o that_o pipe_n which_o convey_v air_n out_o of_o the_o receiver_n into_o the_o pump_n which_o be_v do_v we_o whelm_v over_o this_o receiver_n our_o large_a one_o and_o have_v pour_v in_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o water_n we_o close_v it_o up_o with_o the_o turn-key_n that_o no_o air_n may_v get_v out_o that_o way_n and_o then_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v out_o of_o the_o vial_n if_o fly_v into_o a_o great_a many_o piece_n the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o large_a receiver_n experiment_n ii_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v squeeze_v out_o of_o a_o bladder_n and_o the_o bladder_n tie_v to_o a_o weight_n which_o keep_v it_o something_o below_o the_o surface_n of_o water_n contain_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n this_o be_v convey_v into_o a_o receiver_n the_o air_n in_o the_o bladder_n expanded_a as_o the_o air_n on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n be_v extract_v experiment_n iii_o a_o brass_n plug_n be_v fit_v to_o a_o cylinder_n which_o be_v close_v with_o a_o plate_n of_o the_o same_o metal_n at_o one_o end_n we_o put_v a_o bladder_n half_o blow_v into_o the_o cylinder_n and_o place_v the_o plug_n upon_o it_o with_o a_o weight_n of_o a_o conical_a figure_n upon_o that_o we_o pour_v so_o much_o water_n into_o the_o receiver_n in_o which_o it_o be_v place_v as_o cover_v the_o top_n of_o the_o conical_a weight_n but_o leave_v the_o ring_n which_o be_v fix_v to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o which_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o turn-key_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o string_n and_o thing_n be_v thus_o order_v when_o the_o air_n above_o the_o water_n be_v considerable_o exhaust_v the_o spring_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o cylinder_n raise_v the_o plugg_n and_o weight_n a_o considerable_a height_n though_o the_o whole_a weight_n amount_v to_o twenty_o eight_o pound_n experiment_n iu._n a_o glass_n vial_n be_v close_v with_o cement_n and_o immerse_v in_o a_o deep_a brass_n cylinder_n of_o water_n this_o be_v convey_v into_o our_o receiver_n and_o when_o the_o air_n which_o press_v upon_o the_o water_n be_v draw_v off_o the_o vial_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n be_v violent_o shatter_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air_n for_o want_v of_o a_o sufficient_a pressure_n of_o the_o air_n incumbent_a on_o the_o water_n to_o resist_v the_o force_n of_o that_o spring_n experiment_n v._n to_o show_v that_o the_o expansion_n
or_o rarefaction_n of_o air_n increase_v not_o the_o positive_a levity_n of_o air_n we_o suspend_v a_o bladder_n half_n full_a of_o air_n with_o a_o counterpoise_n at_o a_o balance_n in_o our_o receiver_n and_o though_o when_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v the_o bladder_n be_v sufficient_o distend_v yet_o it_o seem_v to_o retain_v the_o same_o weight_n whether_o dilate_a or_o contract_v chap._n iii_o new_a experiment_n concern_v a_o effect_n of_o the_o vary_a weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n upon_o some_o body_n in_o the_o water_n communicate_v in_o the_o transaction_n of_o feb._n 24.1672_o 3._o water_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o differ_a weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n on_o body_n under_o water_n consider_v that_o the_o pore_n of_o most_o liquor_n be_v plentiful_o stock_v with_o airy_a particle_n and_o that_o upon_o that_o account_n the_o atmosphere_n may_v according_a to_o its_o several_a degree_n of_o weight_n have_v considerable_a effect_n on_o they_o i_o cause_v three_o small_a glass-bubble_n with_o slender_a stem_n to_o be_v blow_v which_o be_v so_o equal_o poise_v in_o water_n by_o their_o weight_n that_o a_o little_a thing_n will_v make_v they_o emerge_n or_o sink_v and_o i_o observe_v that_o these_o be_v put_v into_o water_n contain_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n sometime_o they_o will_v emerge_n and_o sometime_o subside_o and_o sometime_o emerge_n again_o as_o the_o atmosphere_n vary_a in_o weight_n or_o degree_n of_o heat_n and_o cold._n and_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o observe_v that_o when_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o air_n raise_v one_o of_o these_o bubble_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n will_v so_o rarisie_n the_o water_n include_v in_o they_o as_o to_o cause_v some_o of_o it_o to_o get_v out_o upon_o which_o the_o bubble_n emerge_v but_o when_o those_o beam_n be_v intercept_v the_o water_n be_v condense_v and_o get_v into_o the_o bubble_n again_o it_o will_v subside_o but_o when_o their_o subside_v depend_v on_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n if_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o baroscope_n stand_v high_a the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n will_v not_o raise_v the_o bubble_n n._n b._n 1._o that_o the_o bubble_n not_o be_v all_o equal_o poise_v sometime_o one_o and_o sometime_o two_o will_v rise_v as_o the_o air_n be_v heavy_a or_o light_a and_o consequent_o capable_a of_o affect_v the_o light_a only_a or_o all_o 2._o the_o success_n do_v not_o always_o answer_v for_o when_o the_o subside_v depend_v on_o some_o occult_a cause_n they_o will_v continue_v there_o as_o if_o some_o airy_a part_n have_v insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o water_n 3._o the_o fit_a time_n for_o these_o experiment_n and_o in_o which_o they_o best_o succeed_v be_v in_o the_o spring_n the_o air_n be_v more_o subject_a to_o vary_v in_o its_o weight_n as_o well_o as_o other_o thing_n chap._n iu._n new_a experiment_n about_o the_o differ_a pressure_n of_o heavy_a solid_n and_o fluid_n fluid_n of_o the_o different_a pressure_n of_o solid_n and_o fluid_n one_o great_a reason_n why_o some_o learned_a man_n believe_v that_o the_o air_n have_v no_o such_o a_o considerable_a pressure_n on_o subjacent_a body_n as_o we_o teach_v be_v because_o they_o think_v it_o will_v be_v too_o heavy_a for_o animal_n body_n to_o live_v or_o move_v under_o it_o but_o since_o we_o have_v positive_a proof_n of_o it_o we_o may_v as_o well_o doubt_v whether_o the_o loadstone_n be_v endue_v with_o a_o attract_v and_o other_o virtue_n because_o we_o can_v understand_v how_o they_o be_v perform_v beside_o man_n be_v bear_v under_o such_o a_o pressure_n their_o body_n seem_v not_o only_a accustom_a to_o it_o but_o proportionable_o strong_a but_o can_v we_o suppose_v a_o man_n bear_v somewhere_o without_o the_o incumbent_a weight_n of_o a_o atmosphere_n doubtless_o such_o body_n will_v not_o be_v so_o able_a as_o we_o to_o resist_v its_o pressure_n but_o it_o be_v urge_v by_o some_o that_o be_v there_o such_o a_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n it_o will_v cause_v pain_n but_o to_o this_o it_o may_v likewise_o be_v answer_v that_o our_o body_n be_v from_o the_o birth_n accustom_v to_o it_o we_o only_o feel_v pain_n upon_o some_o new_a unaccustomed_a and_o additional_a pressure_n so_o when_o we_o be_v accustom_v to_o wear_v heavy_a clothes_n we_o be_v not_o sensible_a of_o their_o weight_n nor_o be_v we_o sensible_a of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o our_o heart_n because_o it_o be_v habitual_a to_o those_o part_n whereas_o if_o our_o finger_n be_v put_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o new_o dissect_a animal_n we_o shall_v find_v it_o sensible_o hot_a but_o further_a from_o what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o lay_v down_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o cubick_a inch_n of_o air_n will_v be_v able_a to_o resist_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a incumbent_a atmosphere_n and_o that_o a_o little_a quantity_n of_o air_n resist_v a_o further_a compression_n as_o well_o as_o a_o great_a and_o i_o have_v likewise_o show_v that_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o part_n of_o animal_n whether_o fluid_a or_o consistent_a be_v plentiful_o stock_v with_o numerous_a aerial_a bubble_n which_o cause_n those_o body_n to_o swell_v or_o expand_v in_o our_o exhaust_a receiver_n and_o as_o for_o those_o membranous_a and_o fibrous_a part_n which_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o porous_a they_o be_v of_o so_o strong_a and_o firm_a a_o texture_n as_o to_o resist_v external_a pressure_n upon_o that_o account_n beside_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o partial_a pressure_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o the_o pressure_n of_o a_o ambient_fw-la fluid_fw-la which_o press_v uniform_o and_o be_v resist_v either_o by_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o part_n or_o the_o spring_n of_o those_o airy_a particle_n contain_v within_o their_o pore_n and_o that_o the_o uniformness_n of_o the_o pressure_n make_v it_o less_o sensible_a be_v evident_a since_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o though_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v so_o much_o light_a upon_o the_o top_n of_o some_o high_a mountain_n as_o not_o to_o elevate_v mercury_n so_o high_a in_o a_o baroscope_n by_o three_o inch_n as_o at_o the_o bottom_n yet_o those_o that_o have_v be_v upon_o those_o mountain_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o perceive_v no_o considerable_a difference_n in_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n above_o and_o below_o nor_o be_v miner_n sensible_a of_o any_o great_a weight_n upon_o they_o though_o in_o deep_a mine_n in_o mountainous_a country_n nor_o be_v divers_a sensible_a of_o any_o pressure_n when_o under_o water_n but_o that_o air_n weigh_v in_o air_n and_o that_o water_n weigh_v in_o water_n i_o have_v elsewhere_o make_v it_o evident_a yet_o i_o do_v think_v that_o a_o diver_n be_v violent_o depress_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n since_o from_o what_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o deliver_v it_o appear_v that_o if_o a_o man_n body_n be_v of_o a_o equal_a specific_a gravity_n with_o the_o water_n the_o subjacent_a water_n will_v sustain_v he_o but_o his_o body_n be_v heavy_a than_o a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o water_n the_o surplusage_n of_o weight_n depress_n it_o for_o which_o reason_n in_o some_o sea-water_n which_o be_v near_o of_o the_o same_o specific_a gravity_n with_o their_o body_n divers_a find_v it_o very_o difficult_a to_o dive_v however_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o at_o so_o great_a a_o depth_n as_o one_o hundred_o fathom_n divers_n shall_v not_o perceive_v a_o sensible_a pressure_n especial_o upon_o their_o thorax_n and_o abdomen_fw-la but_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o the_o inadvertency_n of_o some_o of_o they_o rather_o than_o any_o thing_n else_o make_v they_o not_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o or_o else_o the_o haste_n which_o they_o rise_v and_o sink_v in_o since_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v by_o some_o that_o they_o have_v perceive_v a_o manifest_a pressure_n when_o they_o sink_v leisurely_o and_o i_o be_v likewise_o tell_v by_o another_o that_o when_o he_o descend_v a_o great_a depth_n under_o water_n the_o blood_n be_v squeeze_v out_o of_o his_o nose_n and_o eye_n and_o another_o who_o dive_v in_o a_o leathern-case_n tell_v i_o that_o it_o be_v so_o much_o press_v against_o his_o thorax_n and_o belly_n that_o he_o be_v force_v sudden_o to_o come_v up_o again_o but_o since_o these_o relation_n be_v not_o altogether_o to_o be_v rely_v on_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o give_v a_o reason_n why_o the_o pressure_n be_v no_o more_o sensible_a which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o strong_a texture_n of_o a_o human_a body_n and_o the_o uniformity_n of_o the_o pressure_n as_o to_o the_o first_o to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o resistance_n make_v by_o our_o body_n to_o external_a pressure_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o a_o bladder_n be_v tie_v upon_o the_o end_n of_o a_o cylinder_n about_o a_o inch_n in_o diameter_n
when_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v the_o incumbent_a pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v not_o able_a to_o break_v it_o though_o when_o a_o man_n hand_n be_v place_v there_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o raise_v it_o till_o some_o of_o the_o air_n be_v let_v in_o again_o the_o pressure_n which_o hold_v his_o hand_n down_o be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n thirty_o foot_n high_a but_o to_o show_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o uniform_a pressure_n of_o liquid_n upon_o solid_n contain_v in_o they_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a trial_n experiment_n i_o two_o and_o iii_o have_v place_v a_o egg_n betwixt_o two_o bladder_n half_o blow_v in_o a_o brass_n cylinder_n and_o cautious_o put_v a_o plug_n upon_o they_o with_o as_o much_o weight_n upon_o it_o as_o amount_v to_o thirty_o pound_n i_o place_v they_o all_o in_o a_o receiver_n and_o when_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v though_o the_o expand_a bladder_n must_v needs_o press_v equal_o against_o the_o egg_n and_o the_o plug_n yet_o the_o incumbent_a weight_n be_v raise_v and_o the_o egg_n when_o take_v out_o as_o whole_a as_o before_o the_o weight_n it_o sustain_v in_o the_o cylinder_n being_n not_o quite_o so_o much_o as_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n but_o though_o the_o egg_n be_v able_a to_o sustain_v so_o much_o weight_n when_o press_v upon_o uniform_o yet_o weight_n be_v successive_o lay_v upon_o the_o same_o egg_n expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n four_o pound_n weight_n crush_v it_o in_o piece_n and_o by_o further_a trial_n we_o find_v that_o a_o eggshell_n which_o have_v all_o the_o yelk_n and_o white_n take_v out_o as_o also_o a_o thin_a glass_n bubble_n be_v place_v betwixt_o two_o bladder_n as_o in_o the_o first_o experiment_n neither_o of_o they_o be_v in_o the_o least_o crack_v experiment_n iu._n to_o show_v that_o what_o we_o have_v teach_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o fluids_n will_v hold_v in_o water_n as_o well_o as_o air_n if_o the_o pressure_n be_v uniform_a we_o enclose_v a_o egg_n 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deliquium_fw-la instead_o of_o water_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n instead_o of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n these_o liquor_n be_v not_o dispose_v to_o mingle_v with_o one_o another_o and_o instead_o of_o fair_a water_n 06_o we_o may_v make_v use_n of_o a_o filter_v solution_n of_o sea-salt_n when_o the_o other_o be_v not_o easy_o get_v and_o when_o we_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o vary_v the_o experiment_n we_o may_v make_v use_n of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n along_o with_o the_o other_o two_o and_o by_o depress_v a_o tube_n into_o they_o with_o water_n in_o the_o bottom_n exhibit_v very_o please_a phaenomena_n paradox_n ii_o that_o a_o light_a fluid_n may_v gravitate_fw-la or_o weigh_v upon_o a_o heavy_a paradox_n 2_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o be_v evident_a since_o all_o body_n have_v a_o tendency_n towards_o the_o centre_n by_o which_o they_o be_v always_o dispose_v to_o press_v downward_o though_o sometime_o they_o have_v a_o respective_a levity_n as_o when_o a_o piece_n of_o wood_n 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about_o a_o foot_n above_o it_o in_o the_o tube_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n will_v depress_v it_o but_o if_o that_o water_n be_v gradual_o take_v off_o the_o bubble_n will_v present_o emerge_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v ask_v why_o in_o these_o trial_n i_o do_v not_o make_v use_n of_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la instead_o of_o water_n i_o shall_v answer_v that_o in_o such_o slender_a pipe_n as_o the_o first_o experiment_n be_v make_v in_o as_o the_o oil_n of_o tartar_n flow_v down_o one_o side_n the_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n will_v rise_v on_o the_o other_o which_o make_v i_o wonder_v that_o mounseur_fw-fr paschall_n shall_v teach_v that_o if_o a_o tube_n fill_v with_o mercury_n be_v immerse_v fourteen_o foot_n under_o water_n if_o the_o tube_n be_v fourteen_o foot_n long_o the_o mercury_n will_v not_o whole_o run_v out_o but_o continue_v to_o the_o height_n of_o a_o foot_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o and_o i_o the_o more_o wonder_n at_o it_o since_o probable_o the_o impetus_fw-la will_v make_v it_o descend_v and_o since_o the_o like_a will_v not_o succeed_v with_o much_o more_o favourable_a circumstance_n betwixt_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o oil_n of_o tartar_n paradox_n iii_o paradox_n 3_o that_o if_o a_o body_n contiguous_a to_o the_o water_n be_v altogether_o or_o in_o part_n low_o than_o the_o high_a level_n of_o the_o say_a water_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o body_n will_v be_v press_v upward_o by_o the_o water_n that_o touch_v it_o beneath_o this_o may_v be_v prove_v from_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v under_o the_o first_o paradox_n for_o wherever_o a_o imaginary_a surface_n be_v beneath_o the_o real_a one_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n be_v incumbent_n on_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o same_o superficies_n that_o part_n on_o which_o the_o immersed_a body_n chance_v to_o lean_v must_v have_v a_o proportionable_a endeavour_n upward_o and_o if_o that_o endeavour_n be_v great_a than_o the_o specific_a gravity_n 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equal_a specific_a gravity_n with_o water_n be_v place_v in_o any_o part_n of_o that_o liquor_n will_v remain_v in_o the_o place_n assign_v but_o to_o illustrate_v what_o we_o have_v say_v of_o water_n obstruct_v the_o descent_n of_o body_n heavy_a than_o itself_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o if_o twelve_o ounce_n of_o lead_n be_v counterpoise_v in_o the_o air_n when_o the_o lead_n be_v let_v down_o below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n the_o scale_n in_o the_o air_n will_v manifest_o preponderate_v which_o show_v that_o the_o water_n hinder_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o other_o and_o the_o resistance_n of_o fluid_n to_o the_o low_a superficies_n of_o body_n may_v be_v further_o confirm_v by_o observe_v that_o body_n specifical_o light_a than_o
water_n be_v raise_v by_o it_o as_o wood_n and_o drop_n of_o oil_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v this_o that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a pressure_n upon_o the_o low_a part_n n_n than_o upon_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o drop_n m_o because_o that_o upon_o all_o the_o surface_n k_o l_o the_fw-mi be_v a_o uniform_a pressure_n of_o the_o water_n a_o k._n b_o l_o and_o upon_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o surface_n h_n i_o there_o be_v a_o great_a weight_n of_o water_n a_o h._n b_o ay_o except_o at_o the_o part_n n_n for_o there_o the_o oil_n g_o be_v not_o so_o heavy_a as_o so_o much_o water_n it_o be_v consequent_o unable_a to_o resist_v the_o ascent_n of_o the_o water_n beneath_o it_o for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v buoy_v up_o and_o the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o and_o any_o other_o parallel_n plain_a wherever_o it_o be_v in_o its_o ascent_n it_o must_v be_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n gradual_o raise_v up_o for_o the_o oil_n be_v press_v against_o by_o two_o pillar_n of_o water_n the_o one_o above_o and_o the_o other_o below_o and_o the_o low_a be_v long_a by_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o rise_a body_n than_o that_o which_o lie_v upon_o it_o it_o must_v consequent_o be_v buoy_v up_o and_o more_o or_o less_o swift_o as_o the_o low_a basis_n press_v more_o or_o less_o on_o the_o subjacent_a superficies_n and_o for_o the_o like_a reason_n when_o two_o piece_n of_o stick_n of_o a_o different_a length_n be_v immerse_v in_o water_n the_o long_a rise_v the_o fast_o for_o if_o o_o p_o be_v two_o foot_n high_a and_o q_o r_o but_o one_o and_o both_o rest_v upon_o the_o same_o imaginary_a plain_n the_o one_o have_v a_o pillar_n of_o water_n a_o foot_n long_o to_o resist_v its_o rise_n than_o the_o other_o and_o as_o the_o emerge_a body_n rise_v slow_a as_o the_o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o upper_a and_o the_o low_a pillar_n of_o water_n be_v less_o so_o thence_o may_v be_v deduce_v a_o reason_n why_o in_o some_o liquor_n who_o whiteness_n depend_v on_o the_o intermixture_n of_o drop_n be_v so_o long_a a_o rise_n the_o minuteness_n of_o they_o render_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a pillar_n of_o air_n inconsiderable_a but_o as_o these_o drop_n by_o move_v up_o and_o down_o unite_v into_o large_a the_o difference_n grow_v more_o considerable_a they_o be_v according_o buoy_v up_o in_o less_o time_n and_o swim_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n 2._o see_v fig._n 3._o plate_n 2._o that_o these_o body_n float_v upon_o water_n a_o cubick_a inch_n of_o wood_n be_v by_o its_o specify_v gravity_n only_o so_o far_o depress_v into_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o vial_n a_o b._n c_o d_o till_o the_o water_n about_o it_o make_v a_o equal_a pressure_n upon_o the_o imaginary_a surface_n x_o w_n and_o because_o the_o wood_n be_v not_o so_o heavy_a in_o specie_fw-la as_o water_n therefore_o part_n be_v keep_v emerge_v above_o the_o superficies_n of_o it_o but_o to_o show_v further_o that_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o float_a body_n be_v equal_a to_o as_o much_o water_n as_o its_o immersed_a port_n take_v up_o the_o room_n of_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o have_v place_v several_a mark_n upon_o the_o surface_n of_o a_o float_a glass_n and_o when_o it_o be_v take_v off_o the_o water_n put_v just_a so_o much_o water_n into_o it_o as_o fill_v it_o up_o to_o those_o mark_n by_o that_o mean_v i_o find_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o fill_v the_o space_n possess_v by_o the_o float_a vessel_n below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a float_a vessel_n and_o all_o that_o be_v contain_v in_o it_o and_o the_o same_o end_n may_v be_v obtain_v another_o way_n viz._n by_o first_o fill_v a_o cistern_n or_o pond_n with_o water_n by_o a_o vessel_n of_o a_o know_a capacity_n and_o then_o have_v empty_v it_o again_o for_o if_o the_o vessel_n be_v place_v in_o that_o cistern_n or_o pond_n and_o water_n put_v into_o the_o cistern_n again_o till_o it_o float_v the_o vessel_n and_o fill_v the_o cistern_n or_o pond_n full_a as_o much_o as_o it_o fall_v short_a of_o the_o weight_n of_o water_n first_o contain_v in_o the_o cistern_n so_o much_o be_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o float_a body_n paradox_n iu._n that_o in_o the_o ascension_n of_o water_n in_o pump_n etc._n etc._n there_o need_v nothing_o to_o raise_v the_o water_n but_o a_o competent_a weight_n of_o a_o external_a fluid_n the_o truth_n of_o this_o paradox_n sufficient_o appear_v from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o deliver_v however_o to_o make_v it_o plain_o if_o possible_a i_o shall_v add_v that_o if_o a_o tinged_a liquor_n be_v suck_v up_o about_o a_o inch_n into_o a_o tube_n and_o whilst_o the_o upper_a orifice_n be_v cover_v with_o one_o thumb_n it_o be_v depress_v in_o water_n till_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o external_a water_n be_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o internal_a and_o then_o a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o oil_n be_v pour_v upon_o that_o and_o when_o one_o thumb_n be_v take_v off_o the_o upper_a orifice_n of_o the_o pipe_n the_o external_a fluids_n will_n by_o their_o pressure_n raise_v the_o tinged_a liquor_n above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n though_o not_o quite_o so_o high_a as_o the_o oil_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o liquor_n may_v be_v raise_v in_o a_o tube_n by_o the_o pressure_n of_o a_o external_a fluid_n and_o that_o light_a than_o itself_o in_o specie_fw-la which_o may_v illustrate_v what_o we_o have_v say_v of_o the_o rise_n of_o water_n in_o pump_n where_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n the_o water_n be_v buoy_v up_o when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o incumbent_a atmosphere_n be_v take_v off_o the_o internal_a superficies_n by_o the_o rise_a sucker_n and_o make_v way_n for_o the_o water_n to_o ascend_v within_o the_o pipe_n i_o take_v likewise_o a_o small_a tube_n who_o diameter_n be_v the_o six_o part_n of_o a_o inch_n and_o have_v immerse_v it_o a_o inch_n in_o quicksilver_n i_o put_v my_o thumb_n upon_o the_o upper_a orifice_n and_o keep_v it_o there_o till_o i_o have_v immerse_v the_o tube_n eighteen_o inch_n in_o oil_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o which_o press_v against_o the_o quicksilver_n it_o be_v not_o only_o keep_v from_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o pipe_n but_o raise_v a_o little_a and_o as_o when_o the_o tube_n be_v raise_v some_o of_o the_o mercury_n will_v fall_v out_o so_o when_o it_o be_v depress_v the_o mercury_n will_v be_v buoy_v up_o by_o the_o great_a weight_n of_o the_o external_a liquor_n upon_o it_o and_o indeed_o that_o the_o water_n in_o a_o pump_n may_v be_v raise_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o a_o external_a fluid_n will_v appear_v more_o full_o to_o he_o that_o shall_v consider_v that_o in_o the_o torrecellian_a experiment_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a air_n be_v able_a to_o raise_v mercury_n in_o a_o tube_n twenty_o nine_o or_o thirty_o digit_n which_o be_v equiponderant_a to_o a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n thirty_o three_o or_o thirty_o four_o foot_n high_a paradox_n five_o paradox_n v._o that_o the_o pressure_n of_o a_o external_a fluid_n be_v able_a to_o keep_v a_o heterogeneous_a liquor_n suspend_v at_o the_o same_o height_n in_o several_a pipe_n though_o those_o pipe_n be_v of_o very_o different_a diameter_n this_o be_v evident_a from_o what_o be_v represent_v in_o fig._n 6._o plate_n the_o second_o 2._o see_v fig._n 6._o plate_n 2._o for_o if_o the_o orifice_n of_o that_o vessel_n a_o b_o c_o d_o be_v close_v up_o with_o a_o cork_n and_o that_o cork_n have_v four_o hole_n in_o three_o of_o which_o the_o pipe_n be_v fix_v and_o in_o the_o four_o the_o tunnel_n and_o if_o when_o so_o much_o water_n have_v be_v pour_v in_o as_o reach_v to_o the_o surface_n e_o f_o oil_n be_v pour_v through_o the_o tunnel_n till_o it_o reach_v to_o the_o surface_n g_o h_n it_o will_v depress_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n down_o low_o and_o the_o oil_n not_o be_v able_a to_o get_v into_o the_o pipe_n l._n m._n n._n by_o its_o weight_n it_o will_v cause_v the_o water_n to_o rise_v to_o o_o p_o q_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n which_o before_o rest_v at_o e_o f_o be_v depress_v down_o to_o i_o k_o upon_o which_o imaginary_a surface_n the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o tubes_fw-la answerable_a to_o their_o bulk_n make_v a_o equivalent_a pressure_n with_o a_o cylinder_n of_o external_a oil_n of_o the_o same_o boar_n the_o water_n must_v consequent_o be_v buoy_v up_o to_o the_o same_o height_n in_o all_o except_o the_o last_o pipe_n be_v very_o small_a but_o the_o
difference_n on_o that_o account_n be_v easy_o distinguish_v it_o will_v be_v no_o difficult_a matter_n to_o make_v a_o allowance_n n._n b._n when_o the_o oil_n be_v pour_v through_o the_o tunnel_n it_o will_v be_v requisite_a to_o put_v some_o cotton_n wool_n in_o it_o to_o break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o fall_a stream_n lest_o the_o violence_n of_o it_o shall_v prejudice_v the_o experiment_n paradox_n vi_o if_o a_o body_n place_v under_o water_n paradox_n vi_o with_o its_o uppermost_a surface_n parallel_v to_o the_o horrizon_n how_o much_o water_n soever_o there_o may_v be_v on_o this_o or_o that_o side_n above_o the_o body_n the_o direct_a pressure_n sustain_v by_o the_o body_n for_o we_o now_o consider_v not_o the_o lateral_a or_o the_o recoil_n pressure_n to_o which_o the_o body_n may_v be_v expose_v if_o quite_o environ_v with_o water_n be_v no_o more_o than_o that_o of_o a_o column_n of_o water_n have_v the_o horizontal_a superficies_n of_o the_o body_n for_o its_o basis_n and_o the_o perpendicular_a depth_n of_o the_o water_n for_o its_o height_n and_o so_o likewise_o if_o the_o water_n that_o lean_v upon_o the_o body_n be_v contain_v in_o pipe_n open_a at_o both_o end_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n be_v to_o be_v estimate_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o pillar_n of_o water_n who_o basis_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o low_a orifice_n of_o a_o pipe_n which_o we_o suppose_v to_o be_v parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n and_o its_o height_n equal_a to_o a_o perpendicular_a reach_v thence_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n though_o the_o pipe_n be_v much_o incline_v towards_o the_o horizon_n or_o though_o it_o be_v irregular_o shape_v and_o much_o broad_a in_o some_o part_n than_o the_o say_a orifice_n as_o for_o the_o first_o part_n of_o our_o paradox_n it_o be_v propose_v by_o stevinus_n in_o more_o general_a term_n and_o thus_o demonstrate_v see_v fig._n 7._o plate_n the_o second_o where_o suppose_v a_o b_o c_o d_o to_n be_v a_o solid_a rectangular_a figure_n of_o water_n who_o basis_n e_o f_o be_v parallel_v to_o the_o horizon_n and_o who_o height_n g_z e_z be_v a_o perpendicular_a from_o the_o surface_n of_o that_o water_n the_o bottom_n d_o e_o e_o f_o and_o f_o c_o can_v be_v charge_v with_o a_o great_a weight_n than_o what_o be_v respective_o perpendicular_a because_o none_o of_o they_o can_v receive_v a_o additional_a weight_n from_o the_o water_n collateral_o but_o it_o must_v diminish_v the_o weight_n of_o water_n perpendicular_o incumbent_a on_o that_o other_o bottom_n else_o there_o must_v be_v a_o great_a weight_n upon_o the_o basis_n d_o e_o f_o c_o than_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o surface_n a_o b._n c_o d_o which_o be_v impossible_a to_o which_o instance_n of_o the_o learned_a stevinus_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_v for_o if_o oil_n be_v suck_v up_o into_o the_o pipe_n represent_v by_o fig._n 8_o plate_n the_o second_o and_o when_o it_o be_v at_o a_o convenient_a height_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n you_o nimble_o stop_v the_o upper_a orifice_n till_o it_o be_v depress_v so_o low_o into_o the_o water_n that_o the_o oil_n be_v but_o little_a above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n it_o will_v rest_v near_o that_o station_n when_o the_o upper_a orifice_n be_v unstop_v and_o if_o it_o be_v depress_v low_a than_o that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a pillar_n of_o water_n will_v force_v its_o way_n into_o the_o pipe_n so_o far_o as_o answer_v the_o weight_n of_o a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n of_o a_o equal_a boar_n with_o the_o oil_n contain_v in_o the_o pipe_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o the_o pipe_n be_v elevate_v above_o its_o first_o station_n as_o much_o oil_n will_v rise_v out_o of_o the_o pipe_n and_o emerge_n as_o answer_n in_o weight_n to_o the_o part_n of_o the_o incumbent_a pillar_n of_o water_n remove_v by_o that_o mean_n from_o gravitate_v upon_o it_o and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o water_n be_v not_o contain_v in_o pipe_n yet_o it_o press_v as_o regular_o upon_o subjacent_a body_n as_o if_o it_o be_v which_o will_v be_v evident_a if_o a_o vessel_n of_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o funnel_n delineate_v in_o fig._n the_o 6_o be_v employ_v for_o the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o the_o small_a stem_n of_o that_o will_v be_v able_a to_o sustain_v the_o whole_a incumbent_a water_n in_o confirmation_n of_o which_o we_o make_v use_v of_o such_o a_o vessel_n as_o plate_n the_o three_o figure_n the_o first_o represent_v 1._o see_v plate_n 3_o fig._n 1._o and_o fill_v the_o parallel_a leg_n with_o oil_n and_o the_o other_o as_o well_o as_o the_o ball_n with_o water_n the_o oil_n be_v elevate_v no_o high_a in_o the_o long_a leg_n than_o if_o the_o less_o leg_n have_v be_v a_o uniform_a tube_n of_o the_o same_o diameter_n and_o when_o the_o experiment_n be_v reiterated_a with_o oil_n in_o the_o ball_n and_o water_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n the_o weight_n of_o that_o oil_n be_v not_o able_a to_o raise_v the_o water_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n to_o a_o equal_a superficies_n with_o itself_o the_o liquor_n in_o both_o these_o experiment_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o ball_n be_v sustain_v by_o the_o concave_a side_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o the_o like_a experiment_n be_v try_v with_o quicksilver_n which_o be_v pour_v into_o the_o short_a leg_n c_o d_o till_o it_o wrought_v almost_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o ball_n and_o as_o high_a in_o the_o long_a tube_n a_o b_o upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n into_o the_o long_a leg_n the_o mercury_n be_v buoy_v up_o into_o the_o ball_n till_o it_o wrought_v to_o h_n e_o g_o where_o if_o more_o than_o what_o be_v perpendicular_o incumbent_a on_o the_o tube_n c_o have_v press_v upon_o it_o the_o water_n will_v not_o have_v be_v able_a to_o keep_v it_o at_o such_o a_o height_n but_o to_o confirm_v the_o second_o part_n of_o our_o paradox_n 2._o see_v plate_n 3_o fig._n 2._o we_o make_v use_v of_o a_o glass_n such_o as_o plate_n the_o three_o fig._n the_o second_o represent_v and_o have_v fill_v the_o glass_n half_o full_a of_o water_n we_o stop_v it_o with_o a_o cork_n in_o which_o the_o pipe_n there_o delineate_v be_v fix_v and_o likewise_o the_o tunnel_n the_o bottom_n of_o each_o of_o the_o pipe_n be_v each_o immerse_v considerable_o in_o water_n and_o then_o pour_v in_o oil_n through_o the_o tunnel_n we_o observe_v that_o the_o water_n be_v elevate_v to_o a_o equal_a height_n from_o the_o low_a superficies_n of_o the_o oil_n which_o press_v on_o the_o water_n in_o which_o experiment_n though_o the_o pipe_n contain_v more_o water_n by_o be_v include_v yet_o that_o water_n press_v no_o more_o upon_o the_o imaginary_a plain_n than_o a_o erect_a pipe_n of_o equal_a boar_n with_o the_o low_a superficies_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o it_o will_v have_v do_v and_o if_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n be_v poise_v in_o a_o pipe_n in_o a_o erect_a posture_n and_o then_o by_o inclination_n a_o great_a portion_n of_o it_o bring_v under_o water_n yet_o the_o external_a water_n will_v raise_v the_o oil_n contain_v in_o it_o and_o the_o same_o be_v evident_a when_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n be_v contain_v in_o three_o pipe_n of_o such_o figure_n as_o plate_n the_o three_o fig._n the_o three_o represent_v for_o in_o all_o such_o case_n 3._o see_v fig._n 3._o plate_n 3._o where_o the_o pipe_n be_v in_o a_o incline_v posture_n or_o some_o part_n of_o they_o large_a than_o ordinary_a part_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o liquor_n contain_v weigh_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o no_o more_o press_n upon_o the_o subjacent_a liquor_n than_o be_v answerable_a to_o a_o erect_a pipe_n of_o equal_a boar_n with_o the_o low_a orifice_n and_o of_o equal_a height_n with_o a_o erect_a tube_n answerable_a to_o the_o length_n of_o one_o end_n of_o that_o pipe_n from_o the_o other_o to_o make_v out_o what_o stevinus_n have_v assert_v viz._n that_o if_o a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n be_v place_v upon_o a_o subjacent_a body_n the_o basis_n will_v sustain_v a_o weight_n equal_a to_o that_o circular_a basis_n and_o to_o the_o perpendicular_a height_n of_o it_o we_o provide_v a_o vessel_n of_o laton_n 3._o see_v fig._n 4._o plate_n 3._o of_o the_o figure_n represent_v by_o fig._n twelve_o plate_n the_o three_o which_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o close_a bottom_n c_o d_o make_v of_o a_o flat_a piece_n of_o wood_n cover_v with_o a_o soft_a bladder_n and_o grease_v on_o the_o low_a side_n near_o the_o edge_n that_o lean_v on_o the_o rim_n of_o wood_n g_o h_n contiguous_a every_o where_n to_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o latin_a that_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o lift_v up_o from_o off_o the_o rim_n and_o yet_o at_o other_o time_n lie_v
so_o close_o upon_o it_o that_o the_o water_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o get_v out_o between_o they_o to_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o bottom_n be_v fasten_v a_o long_a string_n for_o a_o use_n to_o be_v hereafter_o mention_v the_o instrument_n be_v thus_o prepare_v the_o water_n be_v pour_v in_o at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o pipe_n a_o b_o which_o press_v upon_o the_o false_a bottom_n c_o d_o against_o the_o subjacent_a rim_n g_o h_n contribute_v to_o render_v the_o vessel_n more_o close_o and_o to_o obstruct_v its_o own_o passage_n whereupon_o we_o tie_v the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o string_n i_o k_o to_o a_o beam_n and_o put_v so_o many_o weight_n into_o the_o opposite_a scale_n as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o raise_v the_o false_a bottom_n c_o d_o from_o the_o rim_n g_o h._n and_o then_o deduct_v from_o that_o weight_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o false_a bottom_n and_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o broad_a cylindrical_a box_n b_o e_o c_o h._n g_o d_o f_o we_o find_v that_o the_o pressure_n which_o be_v make_v upon_o c_o d_o be_v much_o great_a than_o what_o read_v stevinus_n will_v make_v one_o expect_v and_o than_o all_o the_o water_n contain_v both_o in_o the_o pipe_n and_o cylinder_n will_v have_v be_v have_v it_o be_v contain_v in_o a_o uniform_a cylinder_n paradox_n vii_o paradox_n vii_o that_o a_o body_n immerse_v in_o a_o fluid_fw-la sustain_v a_o lateral_a pressure_n from_o the_o fluid_fw-la and_o that_o increase_v as_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o immersed_a body_n below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o fluid_n increase_v this_o appear_v from_o what_o be_v represent_v by_o plate_n the_o three_o fig._n the_o five_o 5._o see_v plate_n 3_o fig._n 5._o where_o oil_n be_v suck_v up_o into_o the_o pipe_n g_o f_o k_n and_o they_o sufficient_o immerse_v in_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o vessel_n a_o b_o c_o d_o so_fw-mi that_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o oil_n i_o k_n may_v be_v but_o a_o little_a above_o the_o water_n the_o imaginary_a pillar_n of_o water_n h_n g_o will_v suspend_v it_o there_o but_o if_o the_o pipe_n be_v raise_v the_o oil_n become_v too_o heavy_a to_o be_v keep_v up_o by_o so_o short_a a_o cylinder_n the_o incumbent_a cylinder_n will_n force_v it_o out_o of_o the_o orifice_n g_o but_o if_o the_o pipe_n be_v further_o immerse_v the_o water_n will_v raise_v the_o oil_n in_o the_o tube_n and_o fill_v part_n of_o the_o cylindrical_a cavity_n below_o it_o to_o this_o experiment_n i_o shall_v add_v 6._o see_v plate_n 3_o fig._n 6._o that_o have_v stop_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o vial_n abcd_v represent_v by_o fig._n six_o plate_n the_o three_o with_o a_o cork_n and_o cement_n and_o bore_v with_o a_o hot_a iron_n a_o hole_n to_o receive_v the_o pipe_n g_o h_n and_o the_o other_o e_o f_o i_o stop_v the_o orifice_n g_o with_o a_o cork_n and_o cement_n likewise_o and_o then_o pour_v in_o water_n through_o the_o pipe_n e_o till_o it_o rise_v to_o the_o surface_n i_o the_o bubble_n x_o be_v so_o nice_o poise_v that_o it_o swim_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o by_o pour_v in_o more_o water_n the_o surface_n be_v raise_v to_o k_o the_o bubble_n x_o subside_v to_o the_o bottom_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o whole_a water_n contain_v in_o the_o pipe_n e_o press_v upon_o the_o whole_a water_n within_o the_o glass_n otherwise_o it_o can_v not_o compress_v the_o air_n in_o the_o bubble_n and_o make_v it_o sink_v and_o likewise_o that_o it_o not_o only_o press_v upon_o that_o subjacent_a but_o likewise_o upon_o those_o part_n that_o be_v latteral_o situate_v in_o respect_n of_o it_o and_o that_o not_o only_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o water_n but_o even_o the_o cork_n that_o be_v below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n i_o be_v press_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o it_o and_o oblique_o too_o appear_v since_o if_o the_o orifice_n g_o be_v not_o close_o stop_v the_o water_n will_v be_v raise_v through_o it_o and_o if_o instead_o of_o a_o cork_n and_o cement_n it_o be_v only_o stop_v with_o one_o thumb_n one_o may_v perceive_v a_o evident_a pressure_n of_o the_o water_n against_o it_o and_o that_o the_o subside_v of_o the_o bubble_n depend_v on_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n above_o it_o appear_v since_o if_o part_n of_o the_o water_n be_v pour_v off_o by_o incline_v the_o vial_n it_o will_v praesenti_fw-la emerge_fw-la again_o and_o one_o thing_n in_o this_o experiment_n worthy_a our_o notice_n be_v that_o if_o the_o glass_n a_o b._n c_o d_o be_v not_o whole_o fill_v but_o the_o space_n betwixt_o l_o m_o fill_v with_o air_n yet_o the_o pressure_n of_o such_o different_a fluid_n may_v be_v so_o easy_o communicate_v from_o one_o to_o the_o other_o that_o the_o bubble_n will_v descend_v equal_o as_o if_o it_o be_v fill_v with_o water_n paradox_n viii_o paradox_n viii_o that_o water_n may_v be_v make_v to_o depress_v a_o body_n light_a than_o itself_o as_o well_o as_o to_o buoy_v it_o up_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o paradox_n will_v be_v easy_o make_v out_o by_o the_o follow_a experiment_n for_o if_o a_o glass_n syphon_n 7._o see_v plate_n 3_o fig._n 7._o of_o the_o figure_n represent_v by_o fig._n 7._o plate_n the_o three_o be_v fill_v from_o h_n to_o i_o with_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o immerse_v in_o the_o glass_n a_o b_o c_o d_o till_o the_o orifice_n a_o of_o the_o short_a leg_n be_v under_o water_n if_o then_o the_o orifice_n e_o be_v unstop_v and_o the_o whole_a tube_n e_o i_o f_o g_o h_n be_v depress_v gradual_o the_o incumbent_n water_n h_n k_o will_v press_v the_o oil_n out_o of_o the_o short_a leg_n h_n g_o into_z the_o longer_z e_z f._n and_o for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o this_o paradox_n as_o well_o as_o the_o forego_n and_o the_o second_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o have_v provide_v a_o pipe_n of_o the_o figure_n represent_v by_o fig._n 8._o and_o suck_v so_o much_o oil_n into_o it_o as_o fill_v the_o space_n l_o m_o n_o p_o 〈◊〉_d see_v fig._n 〈◊〉_d i_o immerse_v it_o in_o water_n and_o upon_o the_o open_n the_o orifice_n o_o as_o the_o pipe_n be_v gradual_o depress_v the_o oil_n be_v press_v out_o of_o the_o pipe_n l_o m_o to_o n_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o what_o height_n i_o please_v in_o the_o pipe_n o_o p_o n._n paradox_n ix_o paradox_n ix_o that_o whatever_o be_v say_v of_o positive_a levity_n a_o parcel_n of_o oil_n light_a than_o water_n may_v be_v keep_v in_o water_n without_o ascend_v in_o it_o consider_v that_o since_o the_o surface_n of_o a_o vessel_n of_o stand_a water_n be_v physical_o speak_v horizontal_a the_o water_n that_o press_v against_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o immersed_a body_n must_v needs_o be_v deep_o than_o that_o which_o press_v against_o the_o upper_a and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o body_n light_a than_o water_n emerge_n i_o conclude_v that_o if_o the_o water_n upon_o the_o upper_a surface_n of_o oil_n in_o a_o tube_n can_v be_v so_o high_a as_o to_o balance_v the_o pressure_n of_o that_o water_n below_o oil_n may_v be_v suspend_v betwixt_o two_o parcel_n of_o water_n to_o try_v the_o result_n i_o suck_v a_o inch_n of_o water_n into_o a_o tube_n and_o by_o stop_v the_o upper_a orifice_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n suspend_v the_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n i_o remove_v it_o into_o a_o vessel_n of_o oil_n and_o then_o open_v the_o upper_a orifice_n till_o a_o inch_n of_o oil_n be_v buoy_v up_o into_o it_o i_o remove_v it_o again_o into_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n and_o immerse_v it_o so_o far_o in_o that_o till_o the_o water_n below_o the_o oil_n be_v equal_a in_o height_n to_o the_o water_n above_o it_o in_o which_o station_n the_o cylinder_n of_o oil_n and_o water_n be_v equal_a in_o weight_n with_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a water_n the_o oil_n q._n r._n be_v suspend_v betwixt_o the_o water_n s._n r._n and_o that_o below_o it_o p._n q._n the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o pipe_n t._n s._n be_v so_o much_o above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n a_o d._n as_o be_v requisite_a to_o make_v the_o oil_n and_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o pipe_n to_o press_v equal_o on_o the_o surface_n g._n h._n with_o the_o external_a water_n 1._o see_v plate_n 4._o fig._n 1._o as_o plate_n 4._o fig._n 1._o represent_v paradox_n x._o that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o ascension_n of_o water_n in_o syphony_n paradox_n x_o and_o of_o flow_v through_o they_o may_v be_v explain_v without_o have_v recourse_n to_o nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n to_o demonstrate_v this_o 2._o see_v plate_n 4._o fig._n 2._o we_o provide_v a_o glass_n tube_n a_o b._n c_o d._n of_o a_o convenient_a wideness_n and_o half_a a_o
yard_n or_o more_o in_o depth_n as_o also_o a_o syphon_n with_o two_o leg_n f_o k_o and_o k_o g_o to_o which_o be_v join_v a_o pipe_n e_o k_n and_o to_o each_o of_o the_o leg_n of_o that_o syphon_n we_o tie_v a_o glass_n pipe_n seal_v at_o the_o bottom_n and_o have_v water_n contain_v in_o each_o to_o the_o height_n there_o delineate_v thing_n be_v thus_o prepare_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n must_v be_v pour_v into_o the_o tube_n a_o b._n c_o d_o but_o that_o it_o may_v not_o take_v up_o too_o much_o of_o the_o oil_n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n to_o x_o in_n may_v be_v fill_v with_o water_n till_o it_o reach_v above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o syphon_n f_o k_n g_o and_o then_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o it_o the_o water_n in_o the_o pipe_n will_v be_v raise_v through_o the_o syphon_n and_o run_v into_o the_o low_a vessel_n h._n in_o which_o experiment_n the_o water_n be_v raise_v through_o a_o syphon_n by_o pressure_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v a_o free_a communication_n of_o air_n through_o the_o pipe_n e_o k_n without_o danger_n of_o a_o vacuum_n in_o which_o experiment_n if_o the_o reason_n be_v ask_v why_o the_o water_n do_v not_o rather_o run_v out_o of_o the_o bipe_n h_n into_z g_z than_o the_o contrary_a it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o though_o external_o the_o oil_n be_v deep_a upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o pipe_n h_n and_o consequent_o press_v more_o upon_o it_o yet_o the_o tube_n g_o on_o the_o other_o side_n instead_o of_o have_v that_o pressure_n of_o oil_n have_v a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n of_o a_o equal_a length_n which_o be_v heavy_a than_o oil_n raise_v the_o water_n out_o of_o that_o tube_n more_o forcible_o than_o it_o be_v raise_v out_o of_o the_o other_o and_o for_o the_o like_a reason_n when_o once_o the_o water_n be_v raise_v in_o syphon_n though_o there_o be_v a_o long_o cylinder_n of_o air_n upon_o that_o end_n which_o be_v immerse_v in_o the_o low_a vessel_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o great_a weight_n on_o the_o other_o because_o beside_o the_o incumbent_a atmosphere_n there_o be_v a_o considerable_a weight_n of_o water_n but_o if_o the_o syphon_n be_v above_o 34_o or_o 35_o foot_n high_a the_o water_n will_v not_o flow_v through_o it_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a air_n be_v unable_a to_o raise_v water_n to_o such_o a_o height_n and_o one_o thing_n observable_a in_o these_o experiment_n be_v that_o if_o when_o the_o water_n be_v run_v through_o these_o syphon_n a_o small_a hole_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o syphon_n the_o air_n press_v upon_o the_o water_n within_o the_o pipe_n as_o well_o as_o without_o it_o it_o will_v cease_v to_o run_v though_o the_o hole_n be_v no_o big_a than_o one_o make_v with_o a_o needle_n which_o hole_n if_o it_o be_v stop_v with_o a_o needle_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a air_n will_v by_o that_o mean_n be_v take_v off_o and_o the_o syphon_n be_v render_v fit_a for_o use_v paradox_n xi_o paradox_n xi_o that_o a_o solid_a body_n as_o ponderous_a as_o any_o yet_o know_v though_o near_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n it_o will_v sink_v by_o its_o own_o weight_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v place_v at_o a_o great_a depth_n than_o that_o of_o twenty_o time_n its_o own_o thickness_n it_o will_v not_o sink_v if_o its_o descent_n be_v not_o assist_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n to_o demonstrate_v what_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o paradox_n 3._o see_v plate_n 4._o fig._n 3._o we_o must_v fill_v the_o glass_n a_o b_o c_o d_o see_v plate_n the_o 4._o fig._n the_o three_o almost_o full_a of_o water_n the_o length_n of_o it_o be_v near_o three_o foot_n in_o which_o water_n if_o we_o suppose_v the_o weight_n e_o f_o to_o be_v place_v upon_o the_o surface_n g_o h_n it_o will_v sink_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o specific_a gravity_n the_o water_n incumbent_a on_o other_o part_n of_o that_o plain_a be_v not_o equiponderant_a but_o if_o we_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v place_v upon_o the_o surface_n i_o k_n the_o pillar_n of_o water_n be_v above_o nine_o time_n as_o thick_a as_o it_o they_o will_v counterbalance_v it_o for_o which_o reason_n be_v there_o no_o water_n upon_o it_o it_o will_v subside_v no_o further_o and_o be_v a_o method_n contrive_v to_o keep_v the_o water_n from_o press_v upon_o it_o the_o like_a will_v happen_v suppose_v it_o to_o lean_v upon_o the_o surface_n l_o m._n and_o to_o show_v that_o be_v the_o weight_n so_o depress_v free_a from_o incumbent_a water_n it_o will_v not_o subside_o i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a experiment_n let_v then_o the_o brass_n body_n e_o f_o 4_o see_v plate_n 4_o fig._n 4_o see_v plate_n 4._o fig._n 4._o be_v the_o cover_n of_o a_o brass_n valve_fw-la the_o valve_n be_v fasten_v with_o cement_n to_o the_o glass_n pipe_n o_o p_o the_o body_n e_o f_o must_v by_o pull_v a_o hair_n fire_v to_o the_o button_n of_o valve_n q_n close_v the_o orifice_n of_o it_o and_o then_o it_o be_v convey_v under_o water_n a_o foot_n deep_a the_o cement_n and_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n o_o p_o will_v keep_v the_o water_n off_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o body_n e_o f_o and_o consequent_o the_o imaginary_a surface_n v_o w_n will_v only_o be_v press_v upon_o by_o the_o sole_a weight_n of_o the_o body_n e_o f_o but_o the_o other_o part_n of_o that_o surface_n by_o the_o incumbent_a cylinder_n of_o water_n so_o that_o the_o body_n e_o f_o will_v be_v bear_v up_o without_o the_o assistance_n of_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o the_o water_n buoy_v up_o against_o it_o but_o if_o the_o tube_n be_v raise_v till_o the_o body_n e_o f_o be_v above_o the_o surface_n i_o k_n and_o near_o x_o in_n the_o weight_n of_o it_o be_v great_a than_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a pillar_n of_o water_n the_o body_n will_v be_v no_o long_o support_v but_o if_o upon_o the_o first_o immersion_n when_o the_o body_n e_o f_o be_v let_v down_o to_o the_o surface_n r_o s_o a_o weight_n l_o be_v suspend_v at_o it_o that_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o sever_v the_o body_n from_o the_o valve_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n in_o our_o physicomechanical_a experiment_n to_o fly_v to_o a_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la to_o explain_v the_o reason_n why_o two_o exact_o polish_a marble_n when_o contiguous_a be_v so_o hard_a to_o be_v separate_v to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v under_o this_o paradox_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o when_o the_o weight_n l_o be_v suspend_v at_o the_o button_n qui_fw-fr the_o body_n e_o f_o will_v be_v separate_v before_o it_o rise_v to_o the_o surface_n i_o k._n appendix_n i._o objection_n to_o evince_v that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o water_n press_v not_o upon_o the_o low_a answer_v objection_n answer_v answer_v the_o first_o objection_n be_v that_o if_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o water_n press_v upon_o the_o low_a the_o low_a will_v be_v condense_v but_o to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o water_n consist_v of_o part_n though_o minute_n yet_o very_o solid_a it_o do_v not_o 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the_o weight_n of_o the_o ball_n of_o crystal_n we_o employ_v be_v to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n as_o 2_o 57_o 100_o to_o 1_o and_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o prism_n as_o 2_o 66_o 100_o to_o 1._o and_o this_o method_n of_o weigh_v amber_n in_o different_a liquor_n may_v not_o only_o acquaint_v we_o with_o their_o specific_a gravity_n but_o also_o from_o thence_o we_o may_v learn_v to_o know_v which_o be_v most_o spirituous_a for_o though_o a_o piece_n of_o amber_n weigh_v but_o 6_o ¾_n grain_n in_o water_n yet_o in_o common_a red_a french_a wine_n it_o weigh_v 8_o ½_n in_o nants_n brandy_n 17_o ⅛_n and_o in_o rectified_a spirit_n of_o wine_n 34_o ⅛_n this_o hydrostatical_a method_n of_o estimate_v may_v likewise_o contribute_v to_o discover_v the_o strength_n of_o acid_n liquor_n those_o that_o be_v strong_a cause_v the_o solid_a to_o weigh_v less_o as_o they_o be_v strong_a the_o great_a decrement_n of_o weight_n proceed_v from_o the_o great_a proportion_n it_o contain_v of_o salt_n 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to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a relation_n which_o will_v contenance_v what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o relate_v viz._n that_o the_o virtue_n of_o gem_n may_v probable_o arise_v from_o metalline_a tincture_n incorporate_v with_o the_o matter_n of_o they_o whilst_o it_o be_v soft_a and_o fluid_a the_o observation_n be_v that_o have_v apply_v a_o loadstone_n to_o a_o small_a diamond_n which_o be_v pretty_a dull_a it_o will_v not_o only_o be_v take_v up_o by_o it_o but_o will_v at_o a_o considerable_a distance_n leap_v up_o to_o it_o to_o these_o observation_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o there_o be_v several_a other_o observation_n which_o be_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o my_o write_n which_o i_o shall_v not_o repeat_v here_o they_o proper_o enough_o belong_v to_o those_o writing_n the_o work_n of_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boil_v esq_n epitomise_v book_n v._o part_n iii_o chap._n i._o of_o the_o original_a and_o virtue_n of_o gem_n gem_n of_o the_o original_a of_o gem_n though_o i_o be_o far_o from_o believe_v that_o gem_n be_v endow_v with_o so_o many_o medicinal_a virtue_n as_o be_v usual_o ascribe_v to_o they_o yet_o i_o believe_v they_o may_v have_v considerable_a effect_n on_o humane_a body_n which_o virtue_n they_o may_v receive_v from_o the_o intermixture_n of_o mineral_n and_o metalline_a part_n whilst_o they_o be_v in_o a_o fluid_a form_n and_o that_o precious_a stone_n have_v once_o be_v in_o a_o fluid_a form_n may_v be_v argue_v hence_o viz._n first_o from_o their_o diaphaneity_n fluid_a body_n be_v more_o apt_a to_o have_v their_o part_n range_v in_o a_o order_n requisite_a to_o transparency_n than_o solid_a body_n as_o silver_n dissolve_v in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o lead_v in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n not_o only_o become_v transparent_a but_o may_v form_v diaphanous_a crystal_n second_o from_o their_o external_n figure_n it_o be_v usual_a for_o body_n to_o form_v more_o regular_o and_o curious_o shape_v crystal_n when_o in_o a_o fluid_fw-la than_o a_o solid_a ambient_fw-la substance_n for_o which_o reason_n if_o a_o glass-bottle_n be_v fill_v with_o a_o solution_n of_o nitre_n and_o the_o water_n have_v be_v pretty_a well_o consume_v by_o boil_v the_o salt_n will_v shoot_v into_o a_o mass_n who_o side_n next_o the_o glass_n answer_v the_o form_n of_o it_o but_o that_o next_o the_o water_n will_v be_v set_v with_o prismatical_a crystal_n of_o a_o nitrous_a figure_n and_o i_o have_v see_v indian_a granate_n take_v out_o of_o a_o lump_n of_o heterogeneous_a matter_n some_o of_o who_o surface_n be_v triangle_n other_o paralellogram_n etc._n etc._n according_a the_o figure_n of_o the_o cell_n they_o be_v contain_v in_o and_o i_o have_v see_v not_o only_o bristol_n stone_n but_o cornish_a diamond_n curious_o shape_v like_o crystal_n of_o salt_n petre_n and_o i_o have_v likewise_o see_v ruby_n very_o geometrical_o shape_v and_o among_o other_o rarity_n a_o diamond_n who_o surface_n consist_v 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a_o thin_a white_a opacous_a bed_n and_o the_o three_o be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o long_a series_n of_o crystal_n thick_o set_v and_o which_o look_v whitish_a and_o upon_o these_o which_o be_v not_o much_o thick_a than_o a_o barleycorn_n lie_v another_o make_v up_o of_o crystal_n like_o amethyst_n some_o high_o tinge_v than_o other_o and_o more_o elevate_v where_o they_o have_v most_o room_n to_o shoot_v those_o that_o be_v most_o elevate_v be_v hard_a enough_o to_o grate_v line_n upon_o glass_n and_o i_o have_v find_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o concrete_v stone_n crystal_n which_o be_v set_v round_o the_o side_n of_o they_o and_o seem_v to_o be_v form_v of_o a_o lapidescent_n juice_n which_o be_v percolate_v through_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o stone_n and_o form_v curious_o shape_v crystal_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v by_o a_o dig_a that_o he_o have_v observe_v several_a cluster_n of_o these_o crystal_n which_o stick_v to_o no_o part_n of_o the_o rock_n but_o seem_v to_o be_v hasty_o form_v 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a_o saphir_n and_o to_o show_v further_o that_o solid_a gem_n may_v include_v heterogeneous_a matter_n in_o they_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o not_o only_o i_o but_o other_o have_v perceive_v something_o in_o the_o body_n of_o rock-crystal_n which_o by_o vary_v the_o posture_n of_o that_o stone_n may_v be_v render_v visible_a and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v see_v in_o grisolet_n bring_v from_o the_o east-indies_n and_o in_o a_o hard_a stone_n bring_v from_o thence_o and_o design_o break_v i_o find_v several_a clear_a and_o transparent_a crystal_n which_o have_v their_o point_n inward_o and_o be_v argument_n that_o they_o have_v swim_v in_o some_o liquor_n who_o incoagulable_a part_n be_v either_o imbibe_v by_o the_o ambient_fw-la matter_n or_o penetrate_v it_o and_o to_o illustrate_v what_o i_o
have_v say_v i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o have_v not_o only_o see_v a_o fly_n in_o shape_n and_o size_n much_o like_o a_o grass-hopper_n enclose_v in_o solid_a amber_n but_o various_o and_o curious_o colour_v with_o his_o wing_n display_v and_o i_o have_v see_v white_a amethist_n in_o which_o there_o appear_v to_o be_v several_a line_n some_o of_o a_o brownish_a and_o some_o of_o a_o red_a colour_n which_o look_v like_o hair_n some_o lie_a parallel_n to_o each_o other_o and_o other_o more_o incline_v and_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o even_o diamond_n be_v not_o void_a of_o particle_n of_o heterogeneous_a matter_n which_o be_v countenance_v not_o only_o by_o odd_a cloud_n which_o i_o have_v see_v in_o a_o great_a many_o of_o they_o but_o the_o different_a specific_a gravity_n of_o those_o of_o the_o same_o water_n the_o difference_n amount_v to_o a_o carrot_fw-la betwixt_o diamond_n of_o the_o size_n of_o two_o ordinary_a pease_n but_o beside_o what_o have_v be_v already_o 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with_o which_o they_o counterfeit_v diamond_n have_v be_v cause_v in_o a_o trice_n to_o emit_v copious_a and_o strong_o scent_v steam_n and_o even_o diamond_n the_o hard_a of_o gem_n may_v by_o rub_v be_v cause_v to_o emit_v electrical_a effluvia_fw-la and_o though_o it_o be_v think_v by_o some_o that_o the_o digestion_n of_o a_o man_n stomach_n be_v not_o able_a to_o extract_v the_o metalline_a part_n yet_o there_o may_v be_v a_o great_a congruity_n betwixt_o the_o juice_n of_o our_o body_n and_o the_o mineral_n substance_n with_o which_o they_o be_v impregnate_v than_o we_o be_v aware_a of_o beside_o we_o see_v that_o the_o stomach_n have_v manifest_a effect_n on_o chalybeate_a preparation_n and_o even_o crude_a steel_n itself_o and_o i_o have_v obtain_v a_o tincture_n from_o several_a hard_a body_n and_o even_a gem_n themselves_o by_o a_o liquor_n distil_v from_o a_o vegetable_a substance_n as_o temperate_o qualify_v as_o bread_n and_o that_o the_o natural_a heat_n of_o our_o body_n 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saline_a nature_n
and_o specifical_o light_a than_o crystal_n and_o i_o shall_v in_o favour_n of_o this_o add_v that_o i_o have_v several_a time_n make_v body_n colourless_a like_o crystal_n and_o curious_o and_o regular_o figure_v which_o be_v of_o a_o compound_n nature_n and_o abound_v with_o a_o easy_o separable_a and_o strong_o scent_v sulphur_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v further_o add_v that_o though_o when_o gem_n be_v specifical_o heavy_a than_o crystal_n it_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o a_o metalline_a substance_n mix_v with_o they_o yet_o sometime_o those_o mineral_n particle_n may_v be_v so_o spirituous_a as_o not_o to_o increase_v their_o specific_a gravity_n for_o i_o have_v see_v a_o ferruginous_a water_n which_o though_o strong_o impregnate_v be_v little_o heavy_a than_o common_a water_n and_o now_o if_o together_o with_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o this_o chapter_n we_o reflect_v on_o what_o follow_v concern_v the_o atmosphere_n of_o consistent_a solid_n and_o the_o efficacy_n of_o effluvium_n it_o will_v not_o be_v absurd_a to_o ascribe_v to_o precious_a stone_n some_o medicinal_a virtue_n especial_o to_o those_o that_o dispose_v to_o emit_v copious_a effluvia_fw-la and_o to_o show_v that_o what_o we_o have_v deliver_v may_v not_o only_o be_v apply_v to_o transparent_a but_o opacious_a gem_n and_o to_o render_v our_o hypothesis_n not_o only_o probable_a but_o possible_a i_o shall_v intimate_v first_o that_o i_o have_v see_v lapidescent_n juice_n so_o penetrate_v as_o to_o turn_v several_a animal_n and_o vegetable_a substance_n into_o stone_n among_o which_o one_o be_v a_o new_a cheese_n which_o can_v be_v distinguish_v no_o otherwise_o from_o another_o cheese_n but_o by_o its_o stony_a hardness_n and_o i_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o wood_n petrify_v which_o retain_v its_o grain_n and_o be_v hard_a enough_o to_o grave_a upon_o iron_n or_o glass_n and_o to_o resist_v the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n and_o likewise_o to_o strike_v fire_n like_o a_o excellent_a flint_n but_o to_o render_v this_o hypothesis_n further_o probable_a i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a argument_n and_o first_o it_o appear_v from_o the_o method_n take_v to_o weigh_v body_n in_o our_o medicina_fw-la hydrostatica_fw-la where_o white_a marble_n be_v propose_v as_o a_o standard_n to_o determine_v whether_o metalline_a part_n be_v in_o body_n or_o not_o for_o a_o piece_n of_o white_a marble_n be_v in_o proportion_n to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n as_o 2_o 72_o 100_o to_o 1_o and_o bloodstone_n as_o 5_o 2_o 10_o to_o 1_o a_o loadstone_n as_o 4_o and_o 6_o 10_o to_o 1_o lapis_n calaminaris_n as_o 4_o 7_o 10_o to_o one_o and_o lapis_n tutice_n as_o 5_o to_o 1_o it_o follow_v that_o those_o must_v proportionable_o be_v impregnate_v with_o mineral_n part_n heavy_a in_o specie_fw-la than_o stone_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n i_o have_v find_v some_o stone_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n specifical_o heavy_a than_o other_o as_o they_o be_v impregnate_v in_o solutis_fw-la principiis_fw-la more_fw-it or_o jess_n with_o mineral_n part_n but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o here_o to_o advertise_v that_o some_o stone_n light_a in_o specie_fw-la than_a fossils_n may_v be_v compound_v with_o mineral_n part_n and_o thence_o deduce_v their_o medicinal_a virtue_n and_o other_o may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o mineral_n part_n light_a in_o specie_fw-la than_o marble_n and_o consequent_o their_o mineral_n nature_n can_v be_v hydrostatical_o determine_v as_o yet_o which_o be_v to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n as_o 1_o 22_o 100_o to_o 1_o and_o yield_v no_o inconsiderable_a proportion_n of_o oil_n a_o second_o argument_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o our_o hypothesis_n may_v be_v deduce_v from_o the_o necessity_n of_o it_o to_o explain_v several_a phaenomena_n as_o why_o diamond_n and_o other_o gem_n shouldbe_v include_v in_o rock_n or_o cluster_n of_o hard_a stone_n which_o must_v be_v soft_a or_o can_v not_o at_o the_o first_o admit_v a_o hard_a gem_n to_o lodge_v among_o their_o part_n and_o i_o shall_v further_o urge_v the_o necessity_n of_o it_o from_o several_a gem_n which_o i_o find_v in_o a_o odd_a kind_n of_o mineral_n send_v i_o from_o a_o american_n colony_n and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o opacous_a gem_n be_v petrify_v earth_n since_o they_o vary_v so_o much_o in_o their_o dimension_n so_o that_o i_o have_v hear_v of_o a_o spleen-stone_n which_o weigh_v 80_o pound_n weight_n and_o i_o have_v see_v a_o medicinal_a stone_n which_o be_v saw_v asunder_o its_o internal_a part_n be_v full_a of_o cavity_n whence_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o porous_a earth_n petrify_v and_o not_o of_o a_o indurated_a liquor_n from_o our_o hypothesis_n the_o follow_a phaenomena_n may_v be_v explain_v viz._n why_o sometime_o one_o part_n of_o a_o gem_n be_v tinge_v with_o a_o metal_n and_o another_o be_v not_o since_o in_o make_v artificial_a gem_n the_o mineral_n pigment_n have_v tinge_v one_o part_n without_o discolour_v the_o other_o and_o i_o have_v now_o by_o i_o a_o lump_n of_o petrified_a matter_n which_o consist_v of_o several_a stone_n which_o thou_o first_o petrify_v apart_o and_o afterward_o join_v together_o by_o a_o petrescent_a liquor_n bear_v a_o uniform_a polish_v without_o discover_v betwixt_o their_o part_n the_o least_o commissure_v and_o a_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o discover_v several_a loose_a stone_n where_o this_o be_v find_v which_o be_v separately_z of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o afterward_o harden_v into_o stony_a mass_n by_o the_o intervention_n of_o a_o petrescent_a liquor_n and_o i_o have_v a_o agate_n by_o i_o which_o seem_v to_o consist_v of_o several_a layer_n of_o clay_n or_o earth_n lie_v parallel_n to_o each_o other_o and_o petrify_v partly_o into_o transparent_a and_o partly_o into_o opacous_a stone_n and_o to_o favour_v this_o conjecture_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o have_v see_v several_a layer_n of_o mineral_n earth_n one_o upon_o another_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o inch_n which_o lie_v in_o different_a posture_n in_o reference_n both_o to_o the_o horizon_n and_o each_o other_o and_o sometime_o the_o exterior_a one_o successive_o surround_v the_o interior_a and_o several_a of_o these_o have_v be_v find_v in_o a_o small_a compass_n of_o ground_n and_o by_o a_o like_a method_n different_o colour_v chalcedonian_o and_o jasper_n may_v be_v account_v for_o and_o from_o hence_o may_v be_v deduce_v a_o reason_n why_o marchasite_n and_o flint_n wood_n and_o shell_n have_v be_v find_v enclose_v in_o other_o hard_a stone_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o stone_n which_o be_v partly_o diaphanous_a and_o partly_o opacous_a be_v calcine_v the_o diaphanous_a part_n become_v white_a and_o some_o other_o which_o be_v before_o tinge_v have_v their_o part_n heighten_v so_o as_o after_o calcination_n to_o be_v of_o a_o rich_a and_o permanent_a red_a and_o this_o difference_n of_o colour_n be_v not_o only_o remarkable_a in_o the_o thin_a layer_n but_o in_o the_o speck_n and_o irregular_o shape_v cloud_n whether_o greenish_a or_o bluish_a and_o to_o illustrate_v a_o observation_n former_o make_v on_o diamond_n bed_v one_o within_o another_o i_o shall_v urge_v what_o be_v observe_v in_o cryftalize_a salt_n where_o as_o well_o as_o in_o a_o metalline_a solution_n i_o have_v observe_v that_o when_o a_o number_n of_o crystal_n have_v shoot_v after_o the_o first_o evaporation_n several_a successive_a layer_n shoot_v upon_o those_o in_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o solution_n the_o crystal_n of_o one_o layer_n be_v not_o only_o fasten_v to_o the_o other_o but_o differ_v considerable_o as_o well_o in_o their_o shape_n as_o posture_n in_o this_o metalline_a solution_n the_o mineral_n be_v only_o one_o and_o the_o menstruum_fw-la simple_n but_o have_v the_o first_o be_v compound_v there_o will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a diversity_n as_o likewise_o crystal_n of_o a_o compound_n nature_n as_o when_o a_o solution_n of_o salt-petre_n and_o sea-salt_n in_o water_n be_v set_v to_o crystalize_v where_o beside_o salt_n of_o result_a figure_n a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o sea-salt_n coagulate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o imperfect_a cube_n about_o the_o bottom_n before_o the_o nitrous_a particle_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n of_o their_o own_o shape_n and_o i_o shall_v further_o add_v that_o crystallization_n may_v not_o only_o be_v promote_v by_o evaporation_n but_o by_o soak_v part_n of_o the_o water_n up_o either_o by_o immerse_v it_o or_o by_o place_v dry_a earth_n under_o the_o solution_n or_o some_o other_o porous_a body_n and_o by_o some_o analogy_n to_o these_o instance_n we_o may_v conceive_v how_o some_o of_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n of_o a_o petrescent_a liquor_n be_v disperse_v the_o remain_a may_v be_v more_o apt_a to_o coagulate_v but_o by_o a_o moist_a season_n or_o superven_a cold_a the_o moisture_n cease_v to_o be_v further_o disperse_v the_o coagulation_n may_v be_v for_o a_o
time_n suspend_v and_o upon_o that_o account_n upon_o the_o second_o crystallization_n may_v yield_v crystal_n less_o regular_a and_o apt_a to_o convene_v uniform_o with_o the_o other_o than_o in_o artificial_a concretion_n perform_v in_o distinct_a vessel_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o have_v have_v fire-stone_n bring_v from_o several_a place_n in_o one_o of_o which_o the_o internal_a texture_n be_v very_o different_a from_o the_o more_o central_n texture_n and_o in_o another_o i_o not_o only_o observe_v one_o spherical_a stone_n contain_v within_o another_o but_o of_o a_o different_a texture_n and_o distinguish_v by_o a_o visible_a commissure_n though_o the_o commissure_v be_v not_o so_o uniform_a as_o to_o admit_v these_o two_o to_o be_v separate_v but_o perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v object_v against_o what_o we_o have_v deliver_v that_o these_o body_n be_v find_v where_o petrify_a spring_n be_v not_o against_o which_o it_o may_v be_v offer_v not_o to_o urge_v that_o man_n and_o beast_n have_v be_v petrify_v upon_o the_o sudden_a invasion_n of_o a_o petrify_a spirit_n that_o rain-water_n may_v bring_v such_o particle_n along_o with_o it_o since_o over_o a_o bath_n in_o hungary_n that_o abound_v with_o petrify_a particle_n the_o steam_n which_o be_v arrest_v by_o the_o build_n over_o it_o be_v turn_v into_o stony_a concretes_n which_o may_v give_v we_o reason_n to_o think_v that_o petrify_a vapour_n raise_v from_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n meet_v with_o right_o dispose_v matter_n may_v form_v stone_n without_o the_o help_n of_o rain_n or_o spring_n which_o conjecture_n may_v be_v favour_v by_o relate_v that_o i_o have_v not_o only_o find_v a_o earthy_a and_o sulphureous_a sediment_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o rain-water_n but_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o a_o distil_a liquor_n be_v keep_v some_o time_n in_o a_o vial_n well_o stop_v the_o steam_n penetrate_v the_o cork_n and_o form_v whitish_a stiriae_fw-la very_o slender_a and_o of_o a_o surprise_v length_n and_o that_o petrescent_a spring_n be_v not_o always_o requisite_a will_v appear_v since_o i_o have_v find_v transparent_a stone_n in_o a_o dry_a soil_n which_o lie_v upon_o a_o rock_n and_o i_o have_v find_v that_o a_o solution_n of_o stony_a stiriae_fw-la in_o spirit_n of_o verdigrease_n be_v pour_v upon_o bolus_n armenus_n contain_v in_o a_o glass_n when_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n be_v exhale_v several_a transparent_a and_o untinged_a crystal_n appear_v disperse_v through_o that_o red_a earth_n and_o the_o best_a petrified_a wood_n that_o i_o know_v of_o be_v take_v up_o out_o of_o a_o plot_n of_o sandy_a ground_n where_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o sign_n of_o a_o petrify_a spring_n and_o though_o some_o stone_n seem_v to_o grow_v as_o from_o a_o root_n yet_o these_o may_v easy_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v form_v in_o certain_a mould_v and_o that_o after_o their_o formation_n the_o wind_n or_o rains_n wash_v away_o the_o loose_a soil_n from_o their_o upper_a part_n beside_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o show_v that_o stony_a concretion_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o the_o mechanical_a action_n of_o the_o air_n upon_o the_o stony_a part_n that_o successive_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o matter_n that_o first_o begin_v to_o coagulate_v and_o begin_v to_o be_v forsake_v by_o that_o moisture_n that_o accompany_v those_o part_n and_o be_v necessary_a to_o their_o due_a application_n to_o their_o casual_a root_n in_o imitation_n of_o which_o i_o have_v obtain_v from_o saline_n and_o stony_a solution_n dry_a turf_n pretty_o sigure_v and_o diaphanous_a or_o white_a as_o also_o slender_a stiriae_fw-la that_o seem_v to_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o solid_a glass_n but_o further_a sometime_o petrify_v particle_n may_v be_v so_o dilute_v with_o ordinary_a water_n as_o not_o to_o discover_v themselves_o till_o they_o have_v fit_a body_n to_o work_v upon_o for_o i_o have_v receive_v transparent_a and_o petrified_a cristal_n from_o a_o lake_n in_o the_o north_n of_o ireland_n which_o grow_v to_o the_o rock_n in_o the_o bottom_n but_o have_v no_o ill_a effect_n on_o the_o fish_n which_o swim_v in_o that_o water_n and_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o suppose_v that_o whether_o water_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o rock_n be_v impregnate_v with_o petrifick_a particle_n from_o spring_n rain-water_n or_o subterraneal_a steam_n i_o say_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o conceive_v how_o these_o after_o a_o exhalation_n of_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n may_v petrifie_v the_o adjacent_a soil_n and_o form_v different_a stone_n according_a to_o the_o particular_a nature_n of_o the_o petrescent_a liquor_n and_o the_o disposition_n and_o structure_n of_o the_o soil_n they_o invade_v in_o which_o soil_n if_o any_o heterogeneous_a matter_n be_v lodge_v whether_o vegetable_a animal_n or_o mineral_n substance_n they_o must_v needs_o be_v find_v in_o that_o petrified_a soil_n when_o break_v up_o nor_o be_v it_o requisite_a that_o this_o soil_n shall_v be_v all_o petrified_a at_o once_o for_o it_o may_v be_v petrify_v gradual_o as_o the_o position_n or_o porousness_n of_o the_o body_n give_v advantage_n to_o the_o petrify_a body_n that_o work_v upon_o they_o so_o that_o from_o hence_o it_o appear_v how_o medicinal_a stone_n of_o different_a colour_n consistency_n and_o effect_n may_v be_v form_v and_o seem_v entire_a body_n and_o i_o have_v a_o stone_n by_o i_o which_o contain_v a_o perfect_o shape_v serpent_n coil_v up_o in_o it_o but_o without_o a_o head_n which_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v form_v before_o the_o stone_n in_o as_o much_o as_o in_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o stone_n there_o be_v cavity_n leave_v which_o together_o form_n one_o cavity_n of_o the_o size_n and_o shape_n of_o the_o contain_v body_n and_o that_o the_o serpent_n and_o the_o stone_n about_o it_o be_v petrify_v at_o several_a time_n may_v be_v argue_v from_o the_o different_a texture_n of_o the_o petrified_a animal_n it_o be_v a_o clear_a kind_n of_o stone_n than_o that_o of_o the_o mould_n and_o even_o that_o part_n of_o the_o mould_n itself_o which_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o include_v body_n be_v whitish_a and_o abound_v with_o shine_a grain_n or_o flake_n in_o both_o which_o respect_v it_o differ_v from_o the_o other_o part_n but_o to_o proceed_v in_o those_o several_a place_n in_o which_o stone_n be_v plentiful_o find_v in_o time_n past_o pretrescent_a liquor_n may_v have_v be_v since_o not_o only_o earthquake_n inundation_n sink_v of_o ground_n but_o the_o encroach_a of_o the_o land_n on_o the_o water_n as_o well_o as_o fiery_a eruption_n have_v be_v able_a to_o dry_v up_o pool_n and_o lake_n and_o to_o divert_v the_o course_n of_o spring_n and_o river_n so_o as_o to_o leave_v not_o the_o least_o footstep_n where_o they_o flow_v before_o another_o argument_n which_o will_v favour_v the_o hypothesis_n already_o lay_v down_o may_v be_v deduce_v from_o this_o that_o by_o proper_a menstruum_n mineral_n part_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o some_o of_o these_o stone_n so_o a_o solution_n of_o bloodstone_n turn_v a_o infusion_n or_o gall_n blackish_a and_o so_o do_v a_o loadstone_n emeri_fw-la and_o marchasite_n open_v with_o corrosive_a menstruum_n and_o lapis_n calaminaris_n keep_v in_o fusion_n with_o copper_n change_v it_o yellow_a for_o a_o golden_a colour_n and_o make_v it_o brass_n and_o add_v to_o its_o specific_a gravity_n considerable_o and_o quicksilver_n be_v know_v to_o be_v distil_v from_o ore_n find_v in_o the_o mine_n of_o friuli_n but_o as_o we_o before_o intimate_v there_o be_v several_a stone_n which_o owe_v their_o virtue_n to_o a_o mixture_n of_o body_n specifical_o light_a than_o crystal_n which_o be_v evident_a since_o not_o only_a brimstone_n but_o bituman_n be_v specifical_o light_a the_o proportion_n of_o brimstone_n be_v as_o two_o to_o one_o and_o that_o of_o asphaltum_fw-la as_o one_o and_o a_o little_a less_o than_o 4_o 10_o to_o 1._o and_o even_o some_o body_n specifical_o light_a than_o crystal_n may_v owe_v their_o virtue_n to_o mineral_n particle_n since_o they_o may_v be_v mix_v with_o ingredient_n specifical_o light_a than_o crystal_n which_o may_v compensate_a the_o surplusage_n of_o they_o for_o i_o have_v have_v a_o piece_n of_o blackish_a east-indian_a flint_n and_o likewise_o a_o english_a one_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n the_o one_o of_o which_o weigh_v as_o 2_o 6_o 10_o to_o 1_o and_o the_o other_o as_o 2_o 7_o 10_o to_o 1_o which_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o crystal_n so_o that_o the_o blackish_a colour_n seem_v to_o proceed_v from_o some_o mineral_n smoke_n that_o have_v pervade_v it_o which_o may_v give_v we_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o matter_n of_o medicinal_a stone_n may_v be_v tinge_v with_o mineral_n vapour_n before_o it_o be_v harden_v and_o that_o several_a subterraneal_a body_n may_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n
of_o vapour_n will_v appear_v from_o what_o have_v elsewhere_o be_v deliver_v and_o that_o quicksilver_n will_v we_o be_v assure_v by_o the_o effect_n of_o fumigation_n in_o the_o lues_fw-la venerea_fw-la and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v incorporate_v with_o stone_n may_v be_v observe_v in_o some_o kind_n of_o native_a cinnabar_fw-la and_o i_o have_v find_v that_o not_o only_o artificial_a but_o natural_a salarmoniack_a may_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o exhalation_n by_o the_o help_n of_o fire_n and_o that_o salarmoniack_a sulphur_n and_o mercury_n may_v be_v sublime_v into_o a_o gold_n like_o substance_n appear_v from_o the_o preparation_n of_o aurum_fw-la musicum_fw-la and_o that_o the_o earth_n abound_v with_o mineral_n exhalation_n of_o various_a kind_n appear_v from_o what_o have_v be_v elsewhere_o deliver_v as_o well_o by_o we_o as_o several_a other_o author_n and_o since_o the_o earth_n abound_v with_o so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o mineral_n there_o be_v no_o question_n 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be_v sensible_o diminish_v by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n but_o camphire_n which_o be_v a_o tough_a tenacious_a body_n and_o even_o from_o the_o electrical_a quality_n of_o amber_n hard_a wax_n etc._n etc._n it_o appear_v that_o they_o emit_v corporeal_a effluvia_fw-la which_o sensible_o affect_v the_o nostril_n when_o violent_o rub_v and_o as_o further_a instance_n of_o the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o consistent_a body_n we_o may_v add_v that_o not_o only_a apple_n but_o egg_n lose_v of_o their_o weight_n in_o winter_n and_o so_o do_v wood_n for_o have_v cause_v a_o cup_n to_o be_v make_v of_o it_o and_o counterpoise_v it_o it_o grow_v sensible_o and_o gradual_o light_a so_o that_o though_o it_o want_v two_o drachm_n of_o two_o ounce_n yet_o it_o lose_v forty_o grain_n of_o that_o weight_n in_o ten_o hour_n and_o even_o ice_n which_o weigh_v two_o ounce_n in_o a_o frosty_a night_n lose_v ten_o grain_n of_o its_o former_a weight_n though_o not_o in_o the_o least_o thaw_v and_o it_o be_v 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be_v
scarce_o discernible_a if_o at_o all_o as_o in_o lodestone_n ambergrease_n etc._n etc._n those_o require_v a_o long_a time_n to_o make_v their_o consumption_n discernible_a in_o which_o time_n we_o be_v not_o sure_a but_o the_o weight_n themselves_o may_v have_v lose_v of_o their_o weight_n as_o well_o as_o the_o counterpoise_n and_o consequent_o not_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v the_o loss_n those_o sustain_v but_o there_o be_v several_a other_o beside_o statical_a way_n of_o try_v whether_o body_n emit_v effluvia_fw-la or_o not_o and_o there_o be_v several_a peculiar_a way_n requisite_a to_o cause_v they_o to_o emit_v they_o as_o glass_n etc._n etc._n affect_v the_o nostril_n upon_o a_o attrition_n i_o have_v a_o diamond_n as_o well_o as_o a_o ruby_n which_o will_v be_v excite_v by_o a_o gentle_a heat_n in_o my_o pocket_n or_o only_o by_o stroke_v my_o finger_n over_o the_o former_a though_o sometime_o they_o will_v fail_v to_o be_v so_o easy_o or_o uniform_o excite_v and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o upon_o the_o tread_v of_o a_o hare_n or_o partridge_n effluvia_fw-la shall_v be_v so_o long_o emit_v as_o to_o give_v a_o scent_n to_o dog_n several_a hour_n after_o and_o if_o loadstone_n and_o other_o body_n may_v have_v constant_a atmosphere_n which_o be_v only_o to_o be_v discover_v by_o particular_a body_n several_a other_o substance_n not_o yet_o take_v notice_n of_o may_v emit_v effluvia_fw-la which_o by_o peculiar_a method_n may_v be_v discover_v chap._n iu._n of_o the_o strange_a subtlety_n of_o effluvium_n effluvium_n of_o the_o subtlety_n of_o effluvium_n the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o effluvium_n will_v be_v most_o apt_o represent_v by_o consider_v i._o the_o strange_a extensibility_n of_o some_o body_n whilst_o their_o part_n remain_v tangible_a ii_o the_o multitude_n of_o visible_a corpuscle_n that_o may_v be_v afford_v by_o a_o small_a portion_n of_o matter_n iii_o the_o smallness_n of_o the_o pore_n at_o which_o the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o 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this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o under_o several_a place_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o dew_n be_v so_o penetrate_v that_o it_o cause_v knife_n to_o rust_v in_o their_o sheath_n and_o sword_n in_o their_o scabbard_n and_o even_o watch_v in_o their_o case_n and_o in_o england_n i_o have_v know_v hard_a body_n become_v friable_a by_o the_o insinuation_n of_o vapour_n into_o their_o pore_n and_o i_o have_v know_v solid_a and_o mineral_n body_n burst_v by_o the_o powerful_a insinuation_n of_o effluvium_n and_o that_o the_o celerity_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o minute_n body_n may_v contribute_v much_o to_o their_o effect_n appear_v from_o the_o effect_n of_o gunpowder_n aurum_fw-la fulminans_fw-la flame_n whirlwind_n and_o wind_n and_o i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o those_o odoriferous_a steam_n which_o swim_v in_o the_o air_n and_o affect_v our_o nostril_n be_v in_o too_o languid_a a_o motion_n till_o enable_v to_o affect_v the_o sensory_a more_o powerful_o by_o run_v through_o the_o nostril_n in_o a_o stream_n and_o i_o have_v likewise_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o setting-dog_n etc._n etc._n will_v be_v much_o more_o affect_v with_o a_o scent_n when_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o the_o scent_n towards_o their_o nostril_n than_o when_o it_o come_v the_o contrary_a way_n the_o current_n of_o the_o wind_n cause_v the_o odoriferous_a steam_n to_o affect_v the_o sensory_a more_o brisk_o and_o electrical_a body_n exert_v that_o faculty_n more_o strong_o after_o attrition_n the_o emission_n of_o their_o electrical_a steam_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v excite_v and_o the_o learned_a faber_n have_v observe_v that_o if_o a_o hare_n be_v suspend_v near_o a_o electrick_n when_o the_o effluvium_n be_v too_o brisk_o agitate_a it_o will_v not_o be_v attract_v but_o drive_v away_o from_o it_o and_o i_o know_v a_o certain_a substance_n make_v by_o distillation_n who_o smell_n in_o the_o cold_a be_v very_o inoffensive_a but_o when_o it_o be_v warm_a it_o emit_v steam_n more_o strong_a and_o penetrate_a than_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o i_o have_v know_v solid_a substance_n stink_v egregious_o when_o excite_v to_o emit_v their_o effluvia_fw-la by_o attrition_n and_o as_o celerity_n of_o motion_n contribute_v to_o the_o effect_n of_o subtle_a body_n so_o do_v the_o different_a modification_n of_o that_o motion_n for_o as_o a_o stick_n or_o a_o javelin_n have_v different_a effect_n when_o they_o fly_v with_o one_o end_n first_o from_o what_o they_o have_v when_o they_o twirl_v round_o with_o a_o certain_a rotation_n and_o the_o sound_n of_o musical_a instrument_n be_v different_a according_a to_o the_o different_a determination_n of_o their_o motion_n and_o the_o impression_n make_v upon_o the_o ambient_fw-la air._n and_o that_o beside_o what_o we_o have_v already_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o congruity_n or_o incongruity_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o matter_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o body_n they_o
be_v to_o work_v upon_o contribute_v much_o to_o their_o effect_n appear_v from_o the_o effect_n of_o lightning_n for_o i_o have_v see_v two_o tall_a drink_a glass_n so_o alter_v in_o their_o shape_n by_o the_o influence_n of_o lightning_n that_o the_o one_o be_v a_o little_a widen_v near_o the_o bottom_n and_o the_o other_o so_o far_o bend_v that_o it_o stand_v awry_o the_o beam_n of_o lightning_n be_v able_a in_o the_o twinkle_n of_o a_o eye_n to_o melt_v glass_n though_o in_o glass_n furnace_n the_o fire_n be_v sometime_o before_o it_o can_v produce_v that_o effect_n and_o i_o once_o see_v lead_v melt_v by_o lightning_n which_o leave_v the_o glass_n unaffected_a and_o likewise_o other_o combustible_a stuff_n that_o be_v near_o it_o and_o though_o it_o leave_v these_o thing_n untouched_a yet_o it_o throw_v down_o part_n of_o a_o wall_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n by_o pass_v through_o it_o and_o it_o be_v a_o common_a observation_n that_o thunder_n either_o by_o give_v a_o determinate_a concussion_n to_o the_o air_n or_o transmit_v some_o effluvia_fw-la turn_v beer_n sour_a but_o have_v seal_v some_o up_o in_o glass_n hermetical_o the_o thunder_n be_v not_o able_a to_o affect_v the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o they_o and_o it_o be_v a_o common_a practice_n to_o prevent_v beer_n from_o sour_v upon_o storm_n of_o thunder_n to_o place_v chafing-dish_n of_o coal_n under_o the_o barrel_n the_o sulphureous_a steam_n be_v by_o that_o mean_n so_o alter_v as_o either_o not_o to_o be_v able_a to_o penetrate_v the_o barrel_n or_o not_o able_a to_o alter_v the_o liquor_n another_o way_n by_o which_o considerable_a effect_n be_v cause_v by_o effluvia_fw-la be_v by_o exciting_a such_o a_o motion_n in_o the_o body_n they_o work_v upon_o as_o to_o make_v one_o part_n of_o it_o act_n upon_o another_o instance_n of_o which_o may_v be_v bring_v from_o inanimate_a body_n as_o well_o as_o live_a one_o since_o some_o vigorous_a lodestone_n destroy_v the_o attractive_a virtue_n of_o a_o excite_v needle_n in_o a_o trice_n or_o give_v it_o a_o virticity_n quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o former_a without_o touch_v it_o and_o these_o magnetical_a emission_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v very_a minute_n since_o they_o be_v subtle_a enough_o to_o penetrate_v glass_n be_v able_a to_o take_v up_o a_o considerable_a weight_n of_o iron_n so_o that_o i_o have_v see_v a_o light_n one_o which_o will_v take_v up_o eighty_o time_n its_o weight_n but_o the_o chief_a instance_n i_o shall_v now_o insist_v on_o be_v those_o wrought_v upon_o animal_n for_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o our_o organ_n of_o smell_a be_v chief_o affect_v by_o such_o minute_n particle_n of_o matter_n as_o the_o fine_a odour_n consist_v of_o nor_o do_v they_o always_o affect_v we_o as_o odour_n since_o violent_a smell_n whether_o stink_a or_o sweet_a be_v able_a to_o cause_n very_o troublesome_a headache_n and_o the_o smell_n of_o a_o very_a please_a perfume_n may_v produce_v in_o a_o humane_a body_n which_o before_o be_v well_o and_o strong_a both_o faintness_n swoon_v loss_n of_o sensible_a respiration_n intumescence_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la seem_v epilepsy_n convulsive_a motion_n of_o the_o limb_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o have_v a_o salarmoniack_a which_o will_v in_o a_o little_a time_n remove_v hysterick_n fit_v and_o recover_v people_n who_o by_o the_o bystander_n be_v judge_v to_o fall_v down_o in_o epileptical_a fit_n which_o sudden_a effect_n seem_v to_o depend_v on_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la nervosum_fw-la but_o beside_o these_o effect_n of_o odorous_a body_n upon_o woman_n i_o know_v a_o man_n of_o a_o strong_a body_n and_o a_o sanguine_a constitution_n who_o will_v be_v put_v into_o a_o violent_a headache_n by_o the_o smell_n of_o musk_n and_o another_o to_o who_o the_o smell_n of_o rose_n be_v as_o offensive_a and_o i_o know_v a_o lady_n who_o will_v present_o swoon_v at_o the_o smell_n of_o rose_n if_o they_o be_v not_o speedy_o remove_v and_o as_o these_o slight_a smell_n have_v prove_v offensive_a so_o it_o be_v not_o much_o less_o considerable_a that_o the_o smell_n of_o salarmoniack_a cure_v the_o headache_n beside_o the_o aforementioned_a effect_n of_o effluvia_fw-la it_o be_v observe_v that_o woman_n have_v miscarry_v upon_o the_o stink_n of_o a_o candle_n careless_o extinguish_v and_o i_o not_o only_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o will_v vomit_v upon_o the_o smell_n of_o coffee_n but_o a_o physician_n who_o will_v vomit_v and_o purge_v if_o he_o do_v but_o smell_n at_o electuarium_fw-la lenitivum_fw-la and_o i_o know_v another_o who_o the_o smell_n of_o the_o grease_n which_o be_v about_o the_o wheel_n of_o a_o hackney-coach_n will_v make_v sick_a and_o cause_n to_o vomit_v if_o it_o do_v but_o pass_v by_o he_o and_o not_o only_a smoke_n be_v offensive_a to_o the_o eye_n and_o lung_n but_o the_o invisible_a steam_n of_o salarmoniack_a and_o beside_o the_o aforementioned_a instance_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o effluvia_fw-la upon_o the_o genus_fw-la nervosum_fw-la i_o shall_v add_v one_o of_o their_o effect_n on_o the_o humour_n for_o i_o know_v a_o apothecary_n who_o upon_o the_o smell_n of_o rose_n have_v such_o a_o colliquation_n of_o humour_n in_o his_o head_n that_o they_o set_v he_o a_o cough_n make_v he_o run_v at_o the_o nose_n and_o give_v he_o a_o sore_a throat_n and_o also_o by_o a_o affluence_n of_o humour_n make_v his_o eye_n sore_o and_o as_o effluvia_fw-la may_v be_v enable_v to_o perform_v several_a thing_n on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o structure_n of_o particular_a body_n so_o they_o may_v effect_v several_a thing_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o fabric_n and_o law_n of_o the_o universe_n for_o body_n by_o effluvia_fw-la may_v be_v render_v fit_a to_o be_v wrought_v on_o by_o light_a magnet_n the_o atmosphere_n gravity_n or_o some_o other_o catholic_n agent_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o to_o what_o instance_n have_v already_o be_v give_v of_o body_n work_v upon_o other_o place_v at_o a_o distance_n i_o may_v add_v the_o effect_n of_o contiguous_a body_n as_o bloodstone_n cornelian_o nephritick_n son_n lapis_fw-la malacensis_fw-la and_o some_o annulet_n and_o other_o solid_a substance_n external_o apply_v by_o physician_n as_o cantharides_n etc._n etc._n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o determinate_a nature_n of_o effluvium_n effluvium_n of_o the_o determinate_a nature_n of_o effluvium_n though_o aristotle_n and_o his_o follower_n have_v only_o distinguish_v the_o exhalation_n of_o this_o globe_n into_o those_o which_o he_o call_v fume_n and_o which_o rise_v from_o the_o earth_n he_o term_v hot_a and_o dry_a and_o those_o vapour_n which_o rise_v from_o the_o water_n which_o he_o call_v hot_a and_o moist_a in_o these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d yet_o beside_o these_o slight_a difference_n since_o the_o earth_n contain_v several_a body_n which_o have_v each_o of_o they_o distinct_a atmosphere_n we_o may_v probable_o conceive_v they_o to_o have_v their_o distinct_a and_o determinate_a nature_n and_o even_o in_o fluid_a body_n heterogeneous_a part_n may_v swim_v which_o notwithstanding_o their_o fluidity_n may_v retain_v their_o determinate_a nature_n since_o rock-allom_n and_o salt-petre_n be_v dissolve_v together_o in_o water_n upon_o a_o gentle_a evaporation_n will_v each_o of_o they_o shoot_v into_o crystal_n of_o their_o respective_a and_o determinate_a nature_n and_o that_o effluvia_fw-la retain_v their_o determinate_a nature_n though_o so_o small_a as_o to_o swim_v in_o the_o air_n or_o water_n appear_v since_o upon_o their_o reunion_n they_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o body_n that_o emit_v they_o as_o water_n raise_v in_o vapour_n condense_n again_o into_o drop_n of_o water_n and_o quicksilver_n in_o distillation_n if_o it_o be_v raise_v with_o a_o convenient_a fire_n will_v almost_o all_o be_v find_v in_o the_o receiver_n in_o the_o form_n of_o run_v mercury_n and_o if_o when_o chemist_n be_v either_o make_v a_o amalgama_n or_o force_v the_o mercury_n away_o from_o it_o by_o the_o fire_n they_o hold_v a_o piece_n of_o gold_n in_o their_o mouth_n it_o will_v be_v white_a as_o if_o it_o be_v silver_v over_o and_o not_o only_a sulphur_n but_o camphire_n sublime_v in_o close_a vessel_n unite_v into_o a_o substance_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o the_o other_o and_o though_o a_o body_n be_v compound_v of_o a_o metal_n and_o another_o mineral_n and_o two_o or_o three_o salt_n yet_o upon_o the_o purification_n of_o the_o mixture_n from_o its_o grosser_n part_n if_o the_o remain_a and_o fine_a part_n be_v minute_n enough_o and_o fine_o shape_v the_o whole_o liquor_n will_v ascend_v and_o yet_o in_o the_o receiver_n altogether_o recover_v its_o pristine_a form_n of_o a_o transparent_a fluid_fw-la compose_v of_o differ_v saline_n and_o mineral_n part_n which_o be_v evident_a in_o the_o distillation_n of_o butter_n or_o oil_n of_o antimony_n very_o well_o rectify_v for_o this_o liquor_n
that_o effect_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v what_o be_v observe_v about_o the_o cease_n of_o the_o plague_n at_o grand_a cayro_n in_o egypt_n but_o enough_o of_o that_o have_v be_v already_o deliver_v in_o another_o place_n i_o shall_v add_v here_o that_o i_o have_v make_v a_o stain_n upon_o a_o body_n by_o the_o invisible_a steam_n and_o effluvia_fw-la of_o another_o cold_a body_n i_o alter_v the_o colour_n of_o that_o stain_v by_o the_o invisible_a and_o cold_a steam_n of_o a_o three_o and_o to_o countenance_v my_o conjecture_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o meteor_n beside_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la in_o another_o place_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a citation_n from_o agricola_n who_o have_v mention_v out_o of_o ancient_a historian_n the_o rain_v of_o white_a and_o red_a liquor_n subjoin_v ut_fw-la autem_fw-la majorem_fw-la fidem_fw-la habeamus_fw-la analium_fw-la monumentis_fw-la facit_fw-la res_fw-la res_fw-la illa_fw-la decantata_fw-la quae_fw-la patrium_fw-la memoria_fw-la in_o suaevia_n accidit_fw-la aer_fw-la enim_fw-la ille_fw-la stillavit_fw-la guttas_fw-la quae_fw-la lineas_fw-la vestes_fw-la crucibus_fw-la rubris_fw-la quasi_fw-la sanguineis_fw-la imbuebant_fw-la and_o it_o will_v not_o be_v think_v strange_a that_o subterraneal_a salt_n bituman_n and_o sulphur_n may_v be_v raise_v into_o the_o air_n if_o so_o fix_v a_o body_n as_o common_a earth_n may_v which_o the_o new_o cite_a author_n testify_v and_o that_o the_o odoriferous_a particle_n of_o plant_n reserve_v their_o determinate_a nature_n much_o long_o than_o we_o be_v wont_v to_o imagine_v may_v appear_v since_o one_o drop_n of_o oil_n of_o cinnamon_n give_v not_o only_o a_o taste_n to_o 14000_o time_n its_o bulk_n of_o water_n but_o withal_o diffuse_v a_o great_a number_n of_o odoriferous_a particle_n through_o the_o ambient_fw-la air._n the_o last_o way_n we_o shall_v mention_v to_o evince_v the_o determinate_a nature_n of_o effluvium_n be_v from_o their_o effect_n on_o other_o body_n as_o the_o stupify_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o fish_n amoreatim_o mention_v by_o piso_n the_o effect_n of_o opium_n and_o hypnotick_n upon_o a_o boy_n who_o whilst_o he_o be_v distil_v they_o cast_v he_o into_o a_o sleep_n and_o the_o root_n and_o juice_n of_o mandragora_n be_v say_v to_o cast_v those_o that_o take_v it_o into_o a_o deep_a sopor_fw-la like_o a_o lethargy_n and_o levinus_n lemnius_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o same_o plant_n be_v lay_v in_o his_o study_n make_v he_o so_o sleepy_a that_o he_o can_v scarce_o recover_v himself_o aurelaeus_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o poison_n of_o a_o mad_a dog_n have_v be_v convey_v to_o one_o in_o the_o form_n of_o effluvia_fw-la and_o calius_n aurelianus_n acquaint_v we_o that_o some_o have_v become_v mad_a by_o be_v wound_v only_o by_o the_o claw_n of_o a_o mad_a dog_n and_o that_o one_o fall_v into_o a_o hydrophobia_n solo_fw-la odour_n ex_fw-la rabido_fw-la cane_n attracto_fw-la and_o matthiolus_n tell_v we_o of_o one_o who_o be_v poison_v only_o by_o put_v his_o hand_n into_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o mad_a dog_n without_o be_v bit_n and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o sennertus_n relate_v that_o a_o painter_n have_v open_v a_o box_n in_o which_o realgar_n have_v be_v contain_v the_o fume_n be_v snuss_v up_o his_o nostril_n present_o cause_v a_o giddiness_n in_o his_o head_n and_o faint_a fi_n to_o these_o instance_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o several_a have_v be_v purge_v by_o the_o smell_n of_o black_a hellebore_n and_o as_o sennertus_n witness_n by_o the_o odour_n of_o coloquintida_n and_o there_o be_v several_a other_o thing_n which_o purge_v when_o only_o external_o apply_v and_o it_o be_v attest_v by_o approve_a writer_n that_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o wallnut-tree_n with_o the_o leave_n on_o it_o be_v very_o hurtful_a to_o the_o head_n and_o it_o be_v not_o only_o observe_v that_o bird_n will_v not_o so_o much_o as_o light_v upon_o those_o poisonous_a tree_n in_o the_o west_n indies_n call_v the_o manchinello-tree_n and_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o safe_a for_o man_n to_o eat_v of_o fruit_n find_v in_o a_o strange_a country_n if_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o bird_n have_v be_v peck_v at_o they_o before_o and_o nicolaus_n florentinus_n tell_v we_o of_o one_o who_o draw_v into_o his_o nostril_n the_o smoke_n of_o a_o burn_a spider_n he_o be_v much_o disorder_v and_o fall_v into_o a_o faint_a fit_a and_o be_v much_o disorder_v about_o the_o heart_n his_o pulse_n be_v likewise_o weak_a though_o after_o he_o be_v cure_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o treacle_n diamosc_n and_o the_o powder_n of_o zedoary_a and_o i_o see_v a_o berry_n call_v maccu-buy_a in_o ireland_n which_o be_v pound_v in_o a_o mortar_n cause_v the_o head_n and_o face_n of_o one_o that_o stand_v hard_o by_o to_o swell_v enormous_o and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v of_o the_o determinate_a nature_n of_o effluvium_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o amber_n musk_n civet_n etc._n etc._n will_v communicate_v a_o perfume_n to_o glove_n though_o at_o a_o distance_n off_o they_o and_o contagious_a distemper_n as_o the_o plague_n smallpox_n or_o measles_n may_v not_o only_o be_v communicate_v by_o immediate_a contact_n but_o by_o steam_n which_o issue_n from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sick_a person_n but_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a experiment_n viz._n have_v shut_v up_o a_o ounce_n of_o a_o volatile_a tincture_n of_o sulphur_n in_o a_o vial_n capable_a of_o hold_v at_o least_o twice_o as_o much_o and_o have_v place_v a_o paper_n at_o some_o distance_n and_o unstop_v the_o vial_n the_o spread_a fume_n present_o cause_v what_o be_v write_v with_o invisible_a ink_n to_o become_v legible_a and_o so_o will_v several_a letter_n write_v with_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n in_o water_n some_o of_o they_o be_v more_o and_o other_o less_o black_a according_a to_o their_o distance_n from_o the_o smoke_a liquor_n and_o other_o circumstance_n and_o when_o the_o paper_n thus_o write_v upon_o be_v hold_v over_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vial_n though_o the_o letter_n be_v on_o the_o upper_a side_n yet_o in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n they_o become_v legible_a and_o as_o in_o some_o case_n this_o smoke_a liquor_n with_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n will_v produce_v a_o precipitate_v of_o a_o silver_n colour_n so_o in_o some_o of_o the_o colourless_a ink_n we_o find_v the_o like_a colour_n and_o i_o have_v perform_v the_o like_a with_o a_o couple_n of_o liquor_n wherein_o be_v neither_o sulphur_n nor_o sal-armoniac_a nor_o sublimate_n and_o as_o a_o far_a proof_n of_o the_o great_a penetrancy_n of_o effluvium_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v a_o paper_n which_o be_v write_v on_o with_o this_o invisible_a ink_n betwixt_o six_o fold_n of_o paper_n these_o fume_n penetrate_v it_o in_o ten_o minute_n and_o turn_v the_o ink_n black_a and_o another_o piece_n of_o the_o same_o ink_v paper_n be_v place_v betwixt_o the_o leave_n of_o a_o book_n the_o steam_v penetrate_v twelve_o in_o three_o minute_n and_o turn_v the_o ink_n blackish_a chap._n vii_o of_o the_o porousness_n of_o solid_a body_n solid_n of_o the_o porousness_n of_o solid_n that_o even_o solid_a body_n be_v not_o destitute_a of_o pore_n i_o be_o incline_v to_o believe_v because_o most_o solid_a body_n as_o gem_n etc._n etc._n have_v once_o be_v in_o fluid_a form_n and_o since_o fluid_n be_v general_o make_v up_o of_o particle_n of_o a_o determinate_a size_n and_o shape_n they_o must_v needs_o leave_v some_o pore_n betwixt_o they_o another_o reason_n why_o i_o be_o incline_v to_o think_v most_o body_n porous_a be_v their_o specific_a gravity_n which_o will_v not_o vary_v be_v the_o part_n of_o they_o equal_o compress_v and_o close_v together_o but_o since_o copper_n be_v heavy_a than_o iron_n and_o gold_n as_o nineteen_o to_o one_o to_o its_o proportion_n of_o water_n and_o copper_n only_o as_o nine_o to_o one_o it_o must_v follow_v that_o the_o matter_n of_o iron_n possess_v as_o much_o space_n again_o as_o gold_n and_o more_o and_o though_o hardness_n be_v urge_v by_o some_o as_o a_o argument_n of_o their_o substance_n be_v condense_v yet_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v that_o though_o diamond_n be_v the_o hard_a body_n they_o be_v far_o from_o be_v the_o heavy_a which_o be_v the_o only_a sign_n whether_o they_o be_v condense_v or_o not_o and_o since_o metal_n themselves_o be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o coalition_n of_o several_a part_n it_o be_v impossible_a they_o shall_v be_v so_o physical_o adapt_v as_o total_o implere_fw-la spatium_fw-la since_o be_v cube_n make_v of_o marble_n it_o be_v impossible_a they_o shall_v be_v so_o exact_o polish_v as_o every_o where_o to_o be_v contiguous_a since_o the_o body_n employ_v to_o polish_v they_o be_v observe_v to_o make_v little_a furrow_n upon_o they_o and_o consequent_o leave_v little_a
the_o root_n be_v impel_v into_o it_o and_o thence_o convey_v into_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v convey_v in_o the_o form_n of_o sap_n which_o pass_v through_o new_a strainer_n receive_v alteration_n requisite_a to_o turn_v it_o into_o wood_n bark_n leaves_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o young_a thrive_a animal_n it_o can_v be_v imagine_v how_o the_o nourishment_n shall_v be_v convey_v to_o all_o the_o part_n without_o suppose_v they_o furnish_v with_o pore_n for_o its_o reception_n and_o passage_n another_o argument_n of_o the_o porosity_n of_o animal_n body_n may_v be_v bring_v from_o the_o plenty_n of_o humour_n carry_v off_o by_o sweat_n and_o insensible_a transpiration_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o good_a microscope_n we_o may_v discern_v pore_n in_o the_o skin_n of_o animal_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o inward_a side_n of_o glove_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o skin_n dress_v and_o they_o be_v further_a evident_a since_o quicksilver_n ready_o pass_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o sheep_n skin_n and_o leave_v the_o dross_n behind_o in_o the_o leather_n and_o the_o like_a i_o have_v try_v with_o the_o skin_n of_o a_o man_n arm_n tan_v which_o pore_n according_a to_o steno_n and_o malpighius_n be_v the_o excretory_a vessel_n of_o the_o glandulae_fw-la miliares_n contain_v in_o the_o skin_n and_o that_o the_o skin_n and_o shell_n of_o egg_n be_v not_o void_a of_o pore_n appear_v since_o the_o moisture_n contain_v be_v so_o far_o dissipate_v through_o they_o as_o to_o diminish_v their_o weight_n and_o sanctorius_n in_o his_o medicina_fw-la statica_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o if_o the_o meat_n and_o drink_v take_v one_o day_n amount_v to_o eight_o pound_n five_o pound_n will_v be_v carry_v off_o by_o insensible_a transpiration_n and_o he_o elsewhere_o say_v that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o four_o hour_n â—n_o the_o winter_n time_n a_o healthful_a body_n may_v exhale_v fifty_o ounce_n or_o more_o a_o great_a part_n of_o which_o be_v carry_v off_o through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la and_o if_o one_o finger_n in_o hot_a wether_n be_v hold_v to_o the_o surface_n of_o any_o cold_a body_n it_o will_v present_o be_v sully_v over_o with_o the_o steam_v that_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o skin_n and_o their_o porosity_n be_v further_o confirm_v by_o observe_v how_o soon_o those_o black_a and_o blue_a spot_n in_o the_o skin_n occasion_v by_o bruise_n be_v remove_v for_o which_o use_n helmont_n employ_v white_a bryony_n root_n and_o i_o have_v see_v a_o poultess_n of_o chap_a hyssop_n and_o fresh_a butter_n remove_v the_o pain_n and_o black_a colour_n of_o a_o contusion_n in_o a_o little_a time_n and_o not_o only_o the_o skin_n but_o the_o membrane_n of_o body_n be_v stock_v with_o pore_n since_o the_o bladder_n of_o a_o dead_a animal_n appear_v to_o be_v full_a of_o they_o for_o if_o salt_n of_o tartar_n be_v put_v into_o a_o bladder_n and_o it_o be_v then_o immerse_v in_o water_n enough_o of_o it_o will_v penetrate_v the_o bladder_n to_o dissolve_v the_o salt_n and_o render_v it_o liquid_a and_o the_o like_v succeed_v but_o much_o more_o slow_o when_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o sugar_n and_o some_o say_v that_o syrup_n make_v this_o way_n instead_o of_o use_v ordinary_a water_n be_v much_o more_o preferable_a and_o as_o a_o further_a instance_n of_o the_o porosity_n of_o the_o shell_n of_o egg_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o one_o have_v be_v immerse_v in_o very_o sharp_a vinegar_n though_o the_o shell_n be_v part_n of_o it_o consume_v yet_o be_v take_v out_o and_o wipe_v it_o be_v considerable_o swell_v and_o heavy_a than_o before_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v imbibe_v and_o insinuate_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o it_o and_o i_o be_o not_o only_o tell_v that_o the_o chineses_n have_v a_o way_n of_o salt_a egg_n but_o i_o find_v by_o coat_v one_o over_o with_o clay_n after_o it_o have_v lie_v some_o time_n in_o brine_n the_o substance_n contain_v taste_v evident_o salt_n and_o i_o know_v a_o physician_n who_o be_v affect_v with_o a_o giddiness_n upon_o the_o use_n of_o clyster_n of_o sack_n and_o another_o tell_v i_o that_o have_v apply_v tobacco_n to_o the_o sore_a leg_n of_o one_o of_o his_o patient_n it_o cause_v her_o stomach_n to_o turn_v or_o actual_a vomit_v and_o another_o tell_v i_o that_o he_o use_v to_o vomit_v himself_o by_o apply_v decoction_n of_o tobacco_n to_o his_o wrist_n or_o other_o extreme_a part_n and_o it_o be_v a_o common_a custom_n to_o purge_v child_n by_o the_o application_n of_o external_a thing_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o bathe_v the_o sore_a head_n of_o child_n with_o a_o decoction_n of_o tobacco_n have_v cause_v a_o giddiness_n and_o a_o virtuoso_fw-la tell_v i_o that_o have_v take_v another_o by_o the_o hand_n which_o be_v gentle_o besmear_v with_o oil_n it_o give_v he_o three_o or_o four_o stool_n present_o and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v of_o the_o porosity_n of_o membrane_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o aptness_n of_o lute-string_n to_o imbibe_n into_o their_o pore_n moist_a particle_n and_o also_o the_o metastasis_n or_o translation_n of_o morbific_a matter_n in_o disease_a body_n as_o the_o matter_n which_o cause_v a_o fever_n be_v discharge_v upon_o the_o brain_n cause_v a_o delirium_fw-la and_o other_o distemper_n as_o it_o be_v discharge_v upon_o the_o pleura_fw-la the_o membrane_n of_o the_o chest_n the_o throat_n or_o gut_n another_o argument_n of_o the_o porousness_n of_o animal_n body_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o their_o aptness_n to_o imbibe_n effluvia_fw-la from_o without_o as_o when_o cantharides_n external_o apply_v affect_v the_o bladder_n to_o which_o instance_n may_v be_v add_v the_o effect_n of_o plaster_n and_o ointment_n and_o pericarpia_n for_o i_o have_v often_o cure_v ague_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o â—â—â—ians_n hop_n and_o bay-salt_n and_o it_o be_v vulgar_o know_v that_o mercury_n external_o use_v in_o ointment_n will_v salivate_v to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o effect_n of_o periapta_n and_o appensa_fw-la of_o bloodstone_n in_o stop_v of_o hemorragy_n and_o of_o another_o kind_n of_o stone_n make_v use_v of_o by_o the_o indian_n in_o obstructione_fw-la menstruum_fw-la and_o i_o have_v find_v myself_o that_o the_o moss_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n skull_n will_v stop_v a_o hemorrhage_n as_o soon_o as_o warm_v by_o the_o contiguous_a skin_n and_o zwelfer_n tell_v we_o of_o one_o who_o preserve_v several_a from_o the_o plague_n by_o use_v helmont_n troch_v of_o toad_n in_o annulet_n and_o several_a of_o these_o troche_n be_v put_v upon_o the_o plague_n sore_n of_o the_o infect_a they_o be_v afterward_o cure_v by_o the_o use_n of_o vulgar_a remedy_n and_o to_o these_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v draw_v a_o spirit_n from_o a_o mixture_n of_o flower_n of_o brimstone_n powder_v salarmoniack_a and_o good_a quicklime_n in_o equal_a quantity_n by_o degree_n of_o fire_n in_o a_o retort_n till_o the_o sand_n be_v red_a hot_a if_o a_o piece_n of_o copper_n be_v fold_v up_o in_o sheep_n leather_n and_o hold_v over_o the_o vial_n it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o metal_n will_v be_v tinge_v with_o the_o rise_a fume_n without_o discolour_v the_o leather_n and_o the_o same_o will_v succeed_v only_o more_o slow_o through_o a_o double_a fold_n of_o leather_n and_o all_o the_o alteration_n the_o leather_n receive_v from_o these_o pervade_a fume_n be_v that_o they_o give_v it_o a_o sulphureous_a smell_n and_o this_o experiment_n may_v favour_v the_o account_n we_o have_v of_o the_o effect_n of_o lightning_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o discolour_v the_o money_n in_o man_n pocket_n without_o burn_v they_o and_o the_o same_o effect_n have_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o some_o who_o have_v ascend_v a_o burn_a mountain_n in_o america_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o lamb_n leather_n hang_v up_o in_o the_o air_n acquire_v a_o moisture_n which_o add_v considerable_o to_o its_o weight_n and_o to_o these_o instance_n may_v be_v add_v the_o effect_n of_o cantharides_n upon_o some_o that_o only_o carry_v they_o in_o their_o pocket_n the_o effluvium_n of_o they_o have_v cause_v they_o to_o piss_v bloody_a urine_n and_o as_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o porousness_n of_o body_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o the_o permeate_a liquor_n above_o mention_v have_v the_o like_a effect_n upon_o copper_n through_o the_o tough_a skin_n of_o a_o egg_n and_o likewise_o through_o a_o wet_a sheep_n bladder_n and_o to_o confirm_v what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o porousness_n of_o animal_n body_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o gentleman_n who_o have_v a_o long_a time_n a_o perforation_n in_o his_o thorax_n and_o be_v wont_a to_o inject_v medicate_v liquor_n often_o to_o cherish_v the_o part_n and_o likewise_o to_o wear_v a_o silken_a bag_n
spirit_n xiii_o of_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n and_o the_o air._n fourteen_o of_o the_o hostility_n of_o human_a blood_n with_o acid_n whether_o in_o the_o form_n of_o liquor_n or_o fume_n xv._o of_o the_o medicinal_a virtue_n of_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n external_o apply_v xvi_o of_o the_o medicinal_a virtue_n of_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n internal_o give_v in_o pleurisy_n headache_n cough_n fever_n scurvy_n cachexy_n dropsy_n fit_v of_o the_o mother_n xvii_o paralipomena_fw-la and_o promiscuous_a experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v the_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n title_n i._o whether_o human_a blood_n may_v be_v so_o order_v by_o fermentation_n or_o putrefaction_n as_o that_o in_o distillation_n a_o spirit_n either_o vrinous_a or_o vinous_a may_v ascend_v before_o the_o phlegm_n consider_v that_o fever_n have_v be_v look_v upon_o to_o proceed_v from_o a_o fermentation_n in_o the_o blood_n and_o likewise_o that_o human_a urine_n which_o have_v a_o great_a cognation_n with_o human_a blood_n will_v not_o whilst_o fresh_a afford_v a_o spirit_n till_o the_o phlegm_n be_v first_o draw_v off_o this_o subject_a of_o this_o title_n may_v not_o appear_v groundless_a but_o i_o be_o not_o much_o encourage_v to_o expect_v a_o vinous_a or_o ardent_a spirit_n from_o human_a blood_n nor_o be_o i_o sure_a there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o fermentation_n in_o human_n blood_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v once_o keep_v blood_n hermetical_o seal_v up_o in_o a_o glass_n for_o twelve_o month_n when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v open_v it_o smell_v so_o offensive_o that_o we_o can_v not_o make_v any_o trial_n upon_o it_o and_o another_o time_n have_v digest_v in_o a_o pretty_a large_a vial_n hermetical_o seal_v some_o sheep_n blood_n when_o it_o have_v be_v a_o good_a while_n in_o the_o digestive_a furnace_n it_o sudden_o break_v with_o a_o considerable_a noise_n and_o blow_v off_o the_o long_a neck_n of_o the_o vial._n and_o here_o to_o what_o have_v be_v lay_v down_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o some_o ounce_n of_o serum_n of_o blood_n be_v add_v to_o a_o four_o part_n of_o raisin_n of_o the_o sun_n stone_v and_o keep_v in_o a_o glass_n in_o a_o warm_a room_n for_o several_a day_n the_o event_n of_o this_o trial_n be_v that_o within_o in_o a_o few_o day_n the_o raisin_n begin_v to_o emerge_n and_o whilst_o they_o float_v yield_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o springy_a and_o permanent_a air_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o have_v be_v some_o degree_n of_o fermentation_n but_o when_o this_o serum_n come_v to_o be_v distil_v though_o it_o do_v not_o stink_v as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v putrify_v yet_o the_o spirit_n which_o first_o ascend_v taste_v not_o like_o a-viscous_a spirit_n nor_o like_o a_o mere_a phlegm_n whether_o the_o fermentation_n observe_v in_o this_o liquor_n depend_v on_o the_o whole_a serum_n or_o only_o on_o the_o aqueous_a part_n distinct_a from_o it_o i_o shall_v leave_v to_o experience_n to_o determine_v to_o try_v whether_o digestion_n or_o putrefaction_n will_v so_o open_v the_o texture_n of_o blood_n as_o to_o make_v it_o part_n with_o its_o spirit_n more_o easy_o and_o before_o the_o phlegm_n i_o keep_v a_o quantity_n of_o serum_n for_o that_o purpose_n four_o time_n as_o long_o as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v urine_n part_n with_o its_o spirit_n before_o its_o phlegm_n but_o the_o liquor_n which_o come_v over_o by_o a_o gentle_a heat_n have_v but_o little_a strength_n either_o in_o smell_n or_o taste_n nor_o will_v it_o ready_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a yet_o like_o a_o volatile_a alkaly_n it_o will_v soon_o turn_v a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n in_o fair_a water_n into_o a_o white_a opacous_a and_o almost_o milky_a liquor_n title_n ii_o whether_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v real_o any_o thing_n but_o the_o volatile_a salt_n and_o phlegm_n well_o commix_v for_o several_a reason_n i_o be_o incline_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v total_o compose_v of_o a_o volatile_a salt_n and_o a_o phlegm_n which_o be_v not_o so_o pure_a and_o elementary_a but_o that_o some_o particle_n of_o oil_n and_o other_o of_o salt_n may_v be_v mix_v with_o it_o and_o whether_o by_o frequent_a rectification_n this_o phlegm_n may_v be_v render_v homogeneous_a i_o much_o question_n since_o i_o be_o not_o sure_a but_o that_o in_o frequent_a distillation_n some_o particle_n of_o the_o fire_n mny_n be_v from_o time_n to_o time_n associate_v with_o the_o liquor_n and_o even_o in_o the_o first_o distillation_n the_o fire_n unite_n with_o the_o liquor_n may_v form_v one_o different_a from_o the_o ingredient_n or_o principle_n of_o the_o body_n and_o i_o have_v find_v that_o wood_n afford_v by_o distillation_n a_o liquor_n which_o be_v not_o a_o oil_n nor_o a_o acid_n or_o a_o alkaly_n and_o yet_o no_o true_a phlegm_n but_o a_o adiaphorous_a liquor_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n to_o show_v that_o the_o composition_n of_o a_o body_n may_v as_o well_o be_v make_v know_v by_o investigate_a the_o way_n of_o generate_a or_o produce_v it_o as_o by_o that_o of_o analyse_a or_o resolve_v it_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v dissolve_v as_o much_o volatile_a salt_n of_o human_a blood_n in_o distil_a water_n as_o the_o liquor_n will_v take_v up_o and_o then_o have_v distil_v it_o in_o a_o convenient_o shape_v vessel_n with_o a_o regulate_v degree_n of_o heat_n the_o distillation_n afford_v we_o such_o a_o liquor_n as_o be_v desire_v since_o by_o smell_n and_o taste_v it_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o good_a brisk_a spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n and_o this_o experiment_n be_v again_o repeat_v with_o the_o like_a success_n title_n iii_o of_o the_o species_n of_o saline_n body_n to_o which_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v to_o be_v refer_v though_o it_o be_v general_o allow_v that_o saline_n spirit_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n yet_o it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o add_v that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v acid_n in_o taste_n as_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n vitriol_n etc._n etc._n other_o be_v rather_o like_o common_a or_o lixiviate_v salt_n and_o their_o different_a effect_n and_o operation_n be_v much_o less_o alike_o than_o their_o taste_n for_o upon_o their_o mixture_n there_o ensue_v a_o manifest_a conflict_n and_o usual_o one_o will_v precipitate_v the_o body_n the_o other_o will_v dissolve_v and_o among_o salt_n call_v alkaly_n some_o be_v fix_v in_o considerable_a degree_n of_o fire_n and_o other_o who_o take_v acid_n and_o alkaly_n for_o the_o true_a principle_n of_o mix_a body_n call_v the_o one_o fix_v and_o the_o other_o volatile_a alkaly_n and_o though_o i_o who_o question_n this_o doctrine_n often_o call_v the_o salt_n make_v by_o combustion_n simple_o alkaly_n or_o lixiviate_v salt_n and_o those_o that_o ascend_v sometime_o vrinous_a and_o sometime_o volatile_a salt_n yet_o since_o the_o name_n of_o fix_a alkaly_n and_o volatile_a one_o be_v in_o request_n now_o i_o shall_v now_o make_v use_n of_o they_o in_o that_o sense_n these_o thing_n be_v premise_v i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o observe_v that_o notwithstanding_o that_o some_o physician_n and_o chemist_n ascribe_v digestion_n to_o a_o acid_n ferment_n in_o the_o stomach_n yet_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v referrable_a to_o that_o classis_fw-la which_o many_o call_v volatile_a alkaly_n since_o it_o general_o perform_v what_o volatile_a alkaly_n be_v say_v to_o do_v for_o it_o will_v ferment_n with_o acid_n turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a and_o precipitate_v a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n in_o common_a water_n be_v i_o sure_o that_o the_o ferment_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v acid_n i_o shall_v be_v apt_a to_o believe_v that_o the_o blood_n retain_v something_o of_o acidity_n in_o it_o but_o yet_o that_o will_v not_o be_v a_o argument_n why_o i_o shall_v not_o refer_v the_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n to_o the_o class_n of_o alkaly_n because_o so_o few_o acid_n particle_n will_v either_o be_v destroy_v by_o the_o alkalizate_a one_o that_o be_v so_o abundant_a in_o the_o spirit_n or_o at_o least_o they_o will_v be_v so_o very_a much_o predominant_a as_o to_o give_v we_o reason_n on_o their_o account_n to_o denominate_v the_o mixture_n alkalious_a as_o if_o some_o drop_n of_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n be_v mix_v with_o stale_a urine_n they_o will_v be_v either_o deprive_v of_o their_o acidity_n by_o some_o particle_n of_o a_o contrary_a nature_n or_o be_v so_o overpower_v by_o the_o fugitive_n salt_n they_o abound_v with_o that_o the_o mixture_n may_v well_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o classis_fw-la of_o volatile_a urinous_a salt_n title_n iu._n whether_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v differ_v from_o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o other_o salt_n call_v volatile_a alkaly_n upon_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v offer_v
that_o not_o to_o intimate_v that_o a_o body_n may_v have_v many_o similar_v quality_n in_o respect_n of_o another_o body_n and_o yet_o distinct_a operation_n on_o a_o three_o substance_n i_o say_v not_o to_o intimate_v that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o considerable_a difference_n betwixt_o volatile_a salt_n or_o spirit_n as_o they_o be_v common_o prepare_v and_o when_o prepare_v as_o they_o may_v by_o reiterated_a rectification_n and_o other_o way_n of_o depuration_n by_o a_o dextrous_a chemist_n to_o bring_v they_o to_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o purity_n and_o simplicity_n a_o great_a degree_n i_o say_v because_o it_o may_v be_v difficult_a to_o bring_v they_o to_o a_o absolute_a purity_n since_o unheeded_a commixture_n may_v be_v make_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o some_o corpuscle_n of_o fire_n with_o the_o body_n they_o work_v upon_o and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o manifest_a difference_n betwixt_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n and_o other_o alkaly_n as_o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o hartshorn_n be_v evident_a to_o several_a people_n who_o though_o they_o abhor_v the_o odour_n of_o spirit_n of_o blood_n yet_o they_o will_v with_o pleasure_n hold_v their_o nose_n a_o great_a while_n over_o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o salarmoniack_a and_o though_o from_o a_o due_a proportion_n of_o spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o salarmoniack_a with_o spirit_n of_o salt_n i_o have_v get_v a_o salt_n which_o shoot_v into_o the_o shape_n of_o that_o of_o urine_n or_o salarmoniack_a yet_o i_o have_v seldom_o if_o ever_o obtain_v a_o salt_n of_o the_o like_a shape_n from_o a_o mixture_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o humane_a blood_n with_o that_o of_o common_a salt_n for_o though_o upon_o a_o evaporation_n of_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n the_o salt_n will_v coagulate_v together_o yet_o the_o concretion_n seem_v confuse_v and_o not_o of_o the_o regular_a shape_n of_o those_o salt_n result_v from_o a_o mixture_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o sea-salt_n with_o urinous_a spirit_n and_o helmont_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n will_v cure_v epilepsy_n which_o spirit_n of_o urine_n will_v not_o do_v title_n v._o of_o the_o quantity_n of_o spirit_n contain_v in_o human_a blood_n whether_o accompany_v with_o its_o serum_n or_o dry_v this_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v since_o some_o man_n blood_n be_v much_o more_o phlegmatic_a than_o other_o or_o more_o serous_a which_o may_v of_o itself_o be_v more_o spirituous_a according_a to_o the_o complexion_n age_n sex_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o person_n that_o bleed_v twelve_o ounce_n of_o healthy_a human_a blood_n afford_v we_o seven_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a of_o phlegm_n and_o consequent_o about_o four_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a of_o dry_a stuff_n and_o have_v distil_v in_o a_o retort_n in_o a_o sand_n furnace_n seven_o ounce_n of_o well_o dry_a blood_n we_o obtain_v about_o a_o eight_o part_n of_o spirit_n which_o though_o not_o rectify_v leave_v in_o the_o receiver_n and_o viol_n i_o keep_v it_o in_o a_o good_a deal_n of_o volatile_a salt_n undissolved_a which_o a_o phlegmatic_a liquor_n will_v not_o have_v do_v and_o if_o spirit_n of_o blood_n be_v but_o a_o salt_n and_o phlegm_n unite_v we_o may_v well_o suppose_v that_o human_a blood_n yield_v a_o far_o great_a proportion_n of_o spirit_n than_o this_o since_o from_o the_o seven_o ounce_n of_o dry_a blood_n we_o obtain_v about_o five_o drachm_n of_o volatile_a salt_n which_o have_v it_o be_v unite_a with_o a_o due_a quantity_n of_o phlegm_n it_o will_v probable_o have_v afford_v we_o near_o two_o ounce_n more_o of_o a_o liquor_n deserve_v the_o name_n of_o spirit_n title_n vi_o of_o the_o consistence_n and_o specific_a gravity_n of_o human_n blood_n a_o compact_a body_n which_o in_o the_o air_n weigh_v fifty_o eight_o grain_n and_o in_o water_n weigh_v six_o grain_n and_o ¾_n in_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n weigh_v but_o five_o grain_n and_o ¼_n and_o what_o be_v considerable_a be_v that_o a_o piece_n of_o amber_n will_v not_o subside_o to_o the_o bottom_n but_o keep_v float_v upon_o the_o top_n and_o if_o plunge_v into_o it_o will_v emerge_n again_o as_o for_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o fluidity_n of_o the_o blood_n or_o its_o immunity_n from_o tenaciousness_n though_o divers_a other_o alkalizated_a liquor_n as_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la fix_v nitre_n resolve_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la a_o solution_n of_o pot-ash_n be_v sensible_o unctuous_a and_o but_o languid_o fluid_a yet_o i_o observe_v that_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n do_v not_o appear_v more_o unctuous_a than_o common_a water_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v common_o find_v that_o as_o liquor_n be_v more_o spirituous_a so_o the_o bubble_n raise_v by_o agitation_n soon_a disappear_v i_o have_v observe_v that_o the_o spirit_n of_o blood_n be_v almost_o as_o soon_o clear_a of_o they_o as_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o when_o some_o drop_n of_o it_o be_v let_v fall_v they_o manifest_o appear_v less_o than_o drop_v of_o water_n to_o discover_v the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o part_n of_o human_a blood_n we_o so_o prepare_v common_a water_n by_o infusion_n make_v in_o it_o without_o heat_n that_o by_o put_v one_o single_a drop_n of_o our_o rectify_a spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n into_o ten_o ounce_n and_o four_o scruple_n of_o the_o prepare_a water_n and_o light_o shake_v the_o viol_n there_o appear_v throughout_o the_o liquor_n a_o manifest_a colour_n whereof_o no_o degree_n be_v discernible_a before_o so_o that_o it_o disperse_v itself_o through_o a_o thousand_o time_n as_o much_o water_n and_o produce_v a_o manifest_a change_n in_o the_o colour_n of_o it_o and_o though_o this_o computation_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o common_a supposition_n that_o a_o drop_v of_o water_n weigh_v a_o grain_n yet_o though_o it_o weigh_v more_o a_o little_a the_o difference_n be_v recompense_v since_o have_v drop_v ten_o drop_n of_o common_a water_n into_o a_o common_a balance_n well_o adjust_v and_o have_v likewise_o drop_v ten_o drop_n of_o this_o spirit_n we_o find_v that_o the_o last_o be_v not_o only_o less_o in_o bulk_n but_o light_a since_o they_o weigh_v not_o above_o four_o grain_n so_o that_o the_o proportion_n to_o which_o it_o extend_v itself_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v as_o one_o to_o betwixt_o 4000_o and_o 5000_o and_o this_o subtlety_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v yet_o much_o great_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o some_o part_n even_o of_o this_o drop_n must_v needs_o be_v phlegm_n title_n vii_o of_o the_o odour_n taste_n colour_n and_o transparency_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n that_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o some_o liquor_n potential_o cold_a since_o it_o refrigerate_v they_o and_o with_o reference_n to_o other_o potential_o hot_a since_o be_v mix_v with_o they_o it_o render_v they_o hot_a may_v appear_v from_o the_o follow_a instance_n for_o have_v put_v the_o low_a end_n of_o a_o hermetical_o seal_v weatherglass_n into_o a_o slender_a cylindrical_a glass_n we_o pour_v as_o much_o moderate_o strong_a spirit_n of_o blood_n into_o it_o as_o cover_v the_o ball_n and_o then_o drop_v on_o that_o liquor_n some_o good_a spirit_n of_o salt_n upon_o which_o ensue_v a_o conflict_n accompany_v with_o a_o noise_n bubble_n and_o heat_v which_o make_v the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n present_o ascend_v above_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a which_o experiment_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o more_o remarkable_a because_o several_a other_o volatile_a alkaly_n be_v mix_v with_o acid_n produce_v a_o notable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n and_o whereas_o i_o have_v several_a time_n find_v by_o trial_n that_o the_o spirit_n of_o verdigrease_n will_v with_o volatile_a salt_n of_o salarmoniack_a or_o urine_n produce_v a_o real_a coldness_n this_o spirit_n of_o verdigrease_n be_v mix_v in_o the_o small_a cylindrical_a glass_n with_o spirit_n of_o blood_n moderate_o strong_a not_o only_o produce_v a_o hiss_a noise_n and_o store_n of_o bubble_n but_o a_o actual_a heat_n upon_o which_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o thermoscope_n ascend_v above_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a though_o both_o the_o liquor_n employ_v amount_v not_o to_o above_o two_o spoonful_n title_n viii_o of_o the_o dissolutive_a power_n of_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n that_o this_o spirit_n be_v not_o only_o a_o good_a medicine_n for_o several_a disease_n but_o be_v also_o a_o good_a menstruum_fw-la will_v appear_v from_o the_o follow_a instance_n and_o first_o have_v pour_v spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n upon_o crude_a copper_n in_o about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n the_o liquor_n be_v tinge_v blueish_a which_o colour_n grow_v high_a and_o high_o till_o in_o some_o hour_n it_o be_v deep_o ceruleous_a and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v drop_v a_o drop_n or_o two_o of_o spirit_n of_o blood_n upon_o a_o piece_n of_o
bright_a copper_n within_o about_o half_a a_o minute_n of_o a_o hour_n the_o verge_n of_o the_o moisten_a part_n of_o the_o surface_n appear_v blueish_a and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n after_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o wetted_a part_n acquire_v a_o fine_a azure_a have_v pour_v spirit_n of_o blood_n upon_o file_n of_o zinke_n or_o spiltre_n it_o present_o begin_v to_o work_v manifest_o in_o the_o cold_a and_o when_o assist_v by_o a_o little_a heat_n it_o dissolve_v the_o zinke_n brisk_o and_o not_o without_o produce_v store_n of_o bubble_n be_v also_o a_o little_a discolour_a by_o the_o operation_n of_o this_o experiment_n have_v put_v a_o piece_n of_o clot_a blood_n which_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n into_o a_o slender_a vial_n of_o clear_a glass_n and_o then_o pour_v on_o a_o little_a rectify_a spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n and_o shake_v the_o glass_n a_o little_a the_o blackness_n of_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n present_o disappear_v and_o become_v a_o florid_n scarlet_n and_o the_o liquor_n be_v tinge_v with_o a_o fair_a red_n and_o from_o a_o succession_n of_o bubble_n pass_v from_o time_n to_o time_n out_o of_o the_o cold_a into_o it_o seem_v to_o work_v somewhat_o like_o a_o menstruum_fw-la but_o in_o a_o little_a time_n after_o the_o blood_n be_v degenerate_v from_o its_o former_a colour_n to_o a_o little_a more_o dark_a one_o but_o another_o clot_n of_o blood_n one_o side_n of_o which_o be_v red_a and_o the_o other_o black_a be_v put_v into_o the_o vial_n and_o spirit_n of_o blood_n pour_v upon_o it_o the_o red_a side_n have_v its_o colour_n improve_v but_o the_o other_o continue_v black_a and_o dirty_a and_o i_o once_o preserve_v twelve_o drachm_n of_o blood_n in_o two_o of_o the_o spirit_n of_o blood_n and_o find_v that_o twelve_o month_n after_o it_o remain_v fair_a and_o florid_n and_o little_o less_o than_o total_o fluid_a and_o when_o the_o vessel_n be_v open_v there_o appear_v little_a sign_n of_o putrefaction_n but_o only_o a_o small_a clot_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o bottom_n the_o rest_n pass_v ready_o through_o a_o strainer_n so_o that_o the_o spirit_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o great_a embalm_v virtue_n since_o it_o be_v able_a to_o preserve_v six_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o a_o body_n so_o apt_a to_o putrefy_v but_o to_o what_o have_v be_v observe_v i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v comit_v the_o mixture_n to_o distillation_n the_o first_o liquor_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o phlegm_n which_o be_v succeed_v by_o a_o spirituous_a liquor_n and_o volatile_a salt_n in_o a_o dry_a form_n have_v pour_v some_o of_o our_o spirit_n upon_o file_n of_o iron_n where_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o rusty_a and_o keep_v they_o together_o a_o while_n in_o digestion_n we_o find_v as_o we_o expect_v that_o that_o liquor_n by_o work_v upon_o they_o have_v produce_v a_o light_a substance_n something_o pale_a than_o a_o crocus_n and_o there_o appear_v likewise_o in_o the_o liquor_n good_a store_n of_o thin_a plate_n which_o after_o a_o gentle_a agitation_n be_v hold_v against_o the_o sunbeam_n exhibit_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o rainbow_n very_o vivid_o but_o the_o taste_n of_o the_o liquor_n appear_v not_o at_o all_o martial_a title_n ix_o of_o the_o tincture_n that_o may_v be_v draw_v with_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n spirit_n of_o blood_n be_v put_v upon_o saffron_n present_o acquire_v a_o yellow_a colour_n and_o from_o tu_fw-la merick_a a_o tincture_n like_o a_o solution_n of_o gold_n which_o may_v doubtless_o prove_v a_o good_a medicine_n in_o the_o jaundice_n and_o some_o of_o this_o spirit_n be_v put_v upon_o powder_n of_o blood_n it_o present_o extract_v from_o it_o a_o colour_n as_o red_a as_o that_o of_o french_a claret_n but_o when_o i_o make_v use_v of_o another_o parcel_n of_o spirit_n well_o rectify_v i_o find_v that_o it_o extract_v not_o a_o tincture_n so_o soon_o and_o after_o several_a hour_n the_o colour_n it_o obtain_v be_v brown_a which_o in_o some_o hour_n after_o be_v heighten_v into_o redness_n and_o in_o a_o long_a time_n it_o become_v almost_o as_o red_a as_o the_o former_a tincture_n to_o show_v that_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n may_v extract_v tincture_n out_o of_o the_o hard_a body_n we_o put_v file_n with_o it_o into_o a_o small_a egg_n and_o keep_v they_o all_o night_n in_o digestion_n in_o a_o moderate_a heat_n and_o the_o next_o day_n we_o find_v the_o liquor_n tinge_v with_o a_o deep_a brownish_a red_a and_o those_o file_n which_o stick_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o be_v above_o the_o liquor_n be_v turn_v by_o the_o exhalation_n of_o this_o spirit_n into_o a_o yellow_a crocus_n but_o the_o mixture_n be_v keep_v some_o day_n long_o in_o the_o same_o vessel_n the_o colour_n of_o it_o be_v grow_v opacous_a and_o appear_v to_o be_v black_a when_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o in_o a_o considerable_a bulk_n but_o it_o seem_v of_o another_o colour_n when_o look_v upon_o as_o it_o be_v spread_v thin_a upon_o white_a paper_n some_o of_o this_o tincture_n be_v pour_v upon_o a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n it_o will_v not_o make_v it_o of_o a_o inky_a colour_n nor_o be_v the_o precipitate_a which_o present_o fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o inky_a colour_n from_o which_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v unsafe_a either_o to_o suppose_v that_o if_o chalybeates_n be_v dissolve_v in_o the_o body_n it_o must_v be_v by_o some_o acid_n juice_n or_o to_o conclude_v that_o if_o steel_v be_v dissolve_v by_o the_o liquor_n of_o our_o body_n they_o must_v be_v ex_fw-la predominio_fw-la alkalizate_fw-la since_o a_o liquor_n that_o be_v very_o different_a from_o acid_n dissolve_v it_o but_o without_o touch_v further_o upon_o this_o account_n i_o shall_v rather_o commend_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o physician_n to_o pitch_v upon_o some_o other_o method_n of_o explicate_v the_o effect_n of_o chalybeates_n upon_o human_a body_n and_o whether_o martial_a medicine_n may_v not_o be_v make_v use_n of_o which_o be_v prepare_v by_o volatite_n alkaly_n instead_o of_o acid_n spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v keep_v in_o digestion_n with_o powder_n of_o amber_n it_o extract_v no_o considerable_a tincture_n but_o whether_o the_o fault_n be_v in_o the_o fineness_n of_o the_o amber_n or_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o spirit_n i_o shall_v leave_v undetermined_a some_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v put_v upon_o some_o of_o that_o gum_n call_v seed-lac_n soon_o become_v tinge_v which_o i_o suppose_v to_o proceed_v from_o a_o superficial_a colour_n of_o some_o part_n of_o the_o gum_n proceed_v from_o some_o adhere_a blood_n of_o the_o little_a wing_a infect_v who_o by_o their_o bite_n occasion_v this_o gum_n upon_o the_o twig_n of_o the_o tree_n where_o it_o be_v find_v so_o that_o the_o colour_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v give_v by_o the_o gum_n but_o the_o blood_n of_o those_o animal_n and_o may_v probable_o be_v a_o good_a solvent_a medicine_n since_o most_o of_o the_o infect_v use_v in_o physic_n consist_v of_o part_n very_o subtle_a and_o penetrate_a and_o of_o considerable_a efficacy_n title_n x._o of_o the_o coagulate_a power_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n high_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v well_o mingle_v by_o shake_v it_o with_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o urinous_a spirit_n there_o will_v present_o ensue_v a_o coagulation_n or_o a_o concretion_n of_o part_n either_o of_o the_o whole_a mixture_n or_o a_o portion_n of_o it_o into_o corpuscle_n of_o a_o saline_n form_n which_o cohere_v loose_o together_o make_v up_o a_o mass_n of_o a_o fluid_a and_o consistent_a soft_a temper_n in_o which_o form_n it_o will_v continue_v in_o a_o cool_a place_n several_a month_n title_n xi_o of_o the_o precipitate_v power_n of_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n it_o have_v a_o power_n of_o precipitate_v as_o other_o volatile_a spirit_n most_o body_n dissolve_v in_o acid_n menstruum_n i_o say_v most_o because_o there_o be_v no_o need_n this_o rule_n shall_v be_v general_a or_o hold_v when_o the_o body_n be_v of_o such_o a_o nature_n that_o it_o may_v be_v as_o well_o dissolve_v by_o a_o acid_n as_o a_o alkaly_n and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o body_n appear_v since_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n will_v dissolve_v both_o copper_n and_o zink_n which_o may_v be_v likewise_o dissolve_v by_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o other_o acid_n menstruum_n but_o that_o this_o spirit_n will_v precipitate_v other_o body_n dissolve_v in_o acid_n menstruum_n i_o be_o convince_v by_o several_a trial_n make_v on_o red_a lead_n dissolve_v in_o vinegar_n silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la gold_n in_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la and_o tin_n dissolve_v in_o a_o appropriate_v menstruum_fw-la and_o several_a other_o body_n and_o out_o of_o a_o solution_n of_o common_a salt_n make_v in_o water_n
believe_v that_o there_o be_v such_o by_o the_o common_a observation_n of_o a_o great_a many_o learned_a man_n and_o able_a physician_n and_o to_o favour_v this_o common_a observation_n viz._n that_o there_o be_v such_o substance_n which_o have_v peculiar_a effect_n which_o can_v be_v ascribe_v to_o no_o manifest_a quality_n i_o shall_v urge_v the_o effect_n of_o poison_n take_v in_o a_o very_a inconsiderable_a quantity_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o something_o that_o fall_v from_o a_o spider_n into_o a_o man_n eye_n cause_v he_o to_o lose_v his_o sight_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o spider_n be_v observe_v to_o kill_v fly_n much_o soon_o than_o cut_v off_o their_o head_n or_o run_v they_o through_o with_o pin_n will_v do_v it_o to_o which_o instance_n we_o may_v add_v that_o most_o poison_n be_v cure_v by_o appropriate_v antidote_n and_o as_o perfume_n cause_v ill_a symtom_n in_o many_o histerick_n woman_n so_o the_o fume_n of_o feather_n burn_v relieve_v they_o and_o i_o have_v find_v that_o the_o smell_n of_o spirit_n of_o hartshorn_n or_o salarmoniack_a have_v recover_v people_n make_v sick_a by_o fragrant_a odour_n but_o beyond_o all_o other_o argument_n be_v experience_n for_o galen_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o ash_n of_o a_o burn_a craw-fish_n will_v cure_v the_o bite_n of_o a_o mad_a dog_n and_o that_o their_o effect_n be_v much_o more_o considerable_a if_o to_o ten_o part_n of_o burn_a craw-fish_n we_o add_v five_o of_o gentian_n and_o one_o of_o frankincense_n and_o diascorides_n commend_v they_o against_o the_o same_o disease_n that_o the_o pergamenian_a do_v and_o though_o the_o sting_n of_o scorpion_n usual_o produce_v very_o acute_a pain_n and_o formidable_a symtom_n yet_o the_o mischief_n be_v easy_o remedy_v either_o by_o crush_a the_o body_n of_o the_o scorpion_n upon_o the_o hurt_a or_o by_o anoint_v the_o part_n with_o oil_n of_o scorpion_n though_o the_o liquor_n appear_v not_o to_o have_v any_o sensible_a quality_n to_o which_o their_o efficacy_n may_v be_v ascribe_v and_o to_o these_o instance_n i_o may_v add_v that_o verginian_a snake-weed_n cure_v the_o sting_n of_o a_o rattle_n snake_n and_o the_o jesuit_n powder_n be_v a_o specific_a in_o ague_n and_o though_o it_o be_v argue_v against_o the_o virtue_n of_o specific_a medicine_n that_o they_o be_v alter_v by_o the_o ferment_n of_o the_o stomach_n and_o other_o strainer_n of_o different_a texture_n and_o that_o a_o great_a deal_n be_v carry_v off_o by_o excrement_n or_o be_v assimilate_v and_o convert_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o our_o body_n yet_o to_o these_o thing_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o not_o only_a ointment_n plaster_n periapta_n etc._n etc._n work_n upon_o the_o mass_n of_o humour_n but_o even_o those_o medicine_n which_o be_v allow_v to_o work_v by_o manifest_a quality_n perform_v what_o they_o do_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o particle_n alterer_v and_o different_o dispose_v the_o humour_n of_o our_o body_n and_o in_o do_v of_o that_o they_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o objection_n offer_v against_o specific_a medicine_n beside_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o rhubarb_n will_v thing_fw-mi the_o urine_n of_o those_o that_o take_v a_o considerable_a do_v and_o there_o be_v a_o fruit_n call_v prickle_a pear_n in_o the_o english_a american_n colonies_n which_o pass_v by_o urine_n so_o much_o unaltered_a that_o the_o people_n think_v when_o stranger_n to_o it_o that_o they_o piss_v blood_n and_o elaterium_n so_o much_o impregnate_v the_o milk_n of_o a_o nurse_n that_o it_o will_v purge_v the_o child_n that_o take_v it_o and_o i_o remember_v that_o in_o the_o confine_n of_o savoy_n and_o switzerland_n when_o the_o cattle_n feed_v on_o a_o herb_n call_v wild_a garlic_n the_o butter_n will_v sensible_o taste_v of_o it_o and_o in_o ireland_n they_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o seafowl_n which_o feed_v upon_o fish_n which_o be_v so_o little_o alter_v as_o to_o make_v some_o question_n whether_o it_o be_v flesh_n or_o fish_n and_o though_o it_o be_v further_o urge_v against_o specific_a medicine_n that_o so_o little_a be_v disperse_v through_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n that_o it_o can_v have_v no_o considerable_a effect_n yet_o their_o efficacy_n may_v answer_v for_o their_o smallness_n in_o quantity_n for_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o the_o negro_n have_v a_o poison_n which_o though_o it_o work_v slow_a be_v nevertheless_o mortal_a and_o this_o they_o conceal_v under_o the_o nail_n of_o their_o finger_n and_o drop_v into_o the_o aliment_n of_o those_o they_o have_v spite_n to_o and_o i_o know_v a_o vegetable_a substance_n half_o a_o grain_n of_o which_o will_v be_v too_o violent_a a_o purgative_n and_o sometime_o mortal_a and_o though_o english_a viper_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o no_o poison_n yet_o by_o the_o wound_n of_o a_o single_a tooth_n i_o know_v one_o who_o be_v take_v with_o violent_a vomit_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o terrible_a effect_n of_o scorpion_n in_o the_o island_n of_o java_n and_o we_o see_v that_o several_a woman_n otherwise_o strong_a and_o lusty_a will_v fall_v into_o swoon_v upon_o the_o smell_n of_o musk_n or_o civet_n though_o all_o the_o effluvia_fw-la that_o affect_v they_o will_v not_o amount_v to_o the_o hundred_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n and_o by_o effluvia_fw-la perhaps_o not_o more_o plentiful_a these_o symptom_n may_v be_v again_o remove_v and_o the_o portion_n of_o crocus_n metallorum_fw-la in_o wine_n or_o of_o quicksilver_n in_o water_n though_o small_a have_v very_o considerable_a effect_n so_o that_o when_o a_o child_n who_o obstinate_o refuse_v all_o medicine_n drink_v small_a beer_n impregnate_v with_o mercury_n he_o be_v much_o relieve_v in_o a_o violent_a worm_n fever_n proposition_n that_o their_o operation_n may_v be_v mechanical_o solve_v be_v prove_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n have_v say_v thus_o much_o of_o specific_a medicine_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o lay_v down_o some_o thing_n in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n to_o show_v that_o they_o be_v mechanical_o explicate_v but_o first_o i_o shall_v premise_v that_o i_o will_v not_o have_v the_o body_n to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o dull_a lump_n of_o matter_n but_o as_o a_o admirable_o contrive_v mechanical_a engine_n consist_v of_o part_n exquisite_o contrive_v and_o adapt_v to_o their_o particular_a uses_n and_o that_o the_o effect_n of_o body_n upon_o it_o may_v be_v consider_v in_o reference_n to_o that_o disposition_n of_o their_o part_n this_o be_v premise_v there_o be_v no_o need_n to_o think_v that_o all_o specific_v act_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n or_o the_o same_o way_n and_o sometime_o the_o specific_a may_v operate_v by_o a_o joint_n and_o in_o a_o compound_n way_n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o the_o follow_a proposition_n prop._n i._o i._n prop._n i._n sometime_o the_o specific_a medicine_n may_v cure_v by_o discuss_v or_o resolve_v the_o morbific_a matter_n and_o thereby_o make_v it_o fit_a for_o expulsion_n by_o the_o great_a common_a shore_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o skin_n thus_o the_o blood_n impregnate_v with_o medicinal_a particle_n may_v act_v upon_o gross_a humour_n which_o obstruct_v the_o part_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v resolve_v without_o specific_a solvent_n which_o by_o their_o figure_n and_o agitation_n may_v get_v in_o betwixt_o and_o separate_v those_o viscous_a part_n so_o blood_n impregnate_v with_o salarmoniack_a dissolve_v copper_n not_o by_o manifest_a quality_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o shape_n bulk_n solidity_n and_o other_o mechanical_a affection_n of_o its_o part_n which_o concur_v to_o enable_v it_o to_o disjoin_v the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n of_o such_o a_o determinate_a texture_n and_o indeed_o there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o great_a number_n of_o menstruum_n very_o different_a from_o one_o another_o but_o their_o effect_n evident_o appear_v not_o to_o depend_v upon_o manifest_a quality_n since_o it_o several_a time_n happen_v that_o a_o menstruum_fw-la less_o acid_n may_v dissolve_v this_o or_o that_o body_n which_o a_o much_o strong_a menstruum_fw-la will_v not_o work_v upon_o so_o water_n will_v dissolve_v the_o white_a of_o a_o egg_n which_o spirit_n of_o wine_n will_v coagulate_v and_o so_o will_v spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o oil_n of_o tartar_n itself_o and_o thus_o dephlegm_v spirit_n of_o urine_n will_v more_o ready_o dissolve_v file_n of_o copper_n than_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n and_o yet_o the_o latter_a will_v speedy_o dissolve_v crab_n eye_n though_o the_o other_o leave_v they_o untouched_a so_o quicksilver_n will_v dissolve_v gold_n in_o the_o cold_a though_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la assist_v by_o heat_n leave_v it_o untouched_a yet_o aqua_n fortis_fw-la will_v dissolve_v iron_n and_o quicksilver_n will_v not_o and_o brimstone_n will_v be_v dissolve_v by_o common_a oil_n though_o not_o by_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o i_o know_v a_o liquor_n of_o which_o one_o may_v safe_o drink_v a_o wine_n
glass_n full_a though_o it_o will_v have_v such_o a_o effect_n upon_o stone_n and_o metal_n as_o can_v scarce_o be_v match_v and_o if_o specific_a medicine_n may_v act_v upon_o humour_n in_o the_o body_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o menstruum_n we_o may_v easy_o guess_v why_o they_o have_v peculiar_a virtue_n viz._n by_o reason_n of_o their_o aptness_n to_o work_v upon_o peculiar_o dispose_v body_n so_o as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o note_v aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v not_o work_v upon_o silver_n if_o too_o strong_a till_o dilute_v with_o water_n and_o as_o the_o dissolution_n of_o a_o body_n may_v partly_o depend_v in_o its_o disposition_n to_o be_v act_v on_o by_o such_o a_o menstruum_fw-la from_o thence_o may_v be_v deduce_v a_o reason_n why_o a_o medicine_n which_o have_v good_a effect_n in_o one_o disease_n may_v have_v but_o indifferent_a one_o in_o other_o for_o though_o pure_a spirit_n of_o wine_n will_v easy_o dissolve_v gumm_n guajacum_fw-la and_o that_o rosinous_n matter_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o wood_n yet_o the_o same_o menstruum_fw-la will_v not_o work_v upon_o the_o wood_n itself_o and_o if_o so_o no_o wonder_n that_o those_o medicine_n which_o cure_n one_o distemper_n in_o one_o person_n will_v not_o cure_v it_o in_o another_o since_o a_o variation_n in_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o morbific_a matter_n be_v enough_o to_o vary_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o medicine_n and_o that_o a_o slight_a alteration_n of_o texture_n vary_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o menstruum_fw-la appear_v since_o though_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n or_o salt_n separate_v will_v each_o dissolve_v copper_n and_o though_o the_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n will_v dissolve_v silver_n yet_o if_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v add_v to_o it_o it_o soon_o lose_v that_o quality_n and_o here_o though_o some_o object_n against_o specific_a medicine_n that_o since_o they_o rove_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o blood_n they_o can_v act_v well_o on_o particular_a humour_n yet_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o medicine_n act_v by_o impregnate_v the_o blood_n and_o that_o they_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o kind_n of_o menstruum_fw-la it_o be_v possible_a that_o both_o the_o menstruum_n may_v be_v appropriate_v to_o the_o peccant_a humour_n so_o as_o to_o resolve_v it_o more_o easy_o than_o any_o other_o humour_n of_o the_o body_n as_o if_o you_o take_v some_o bone_n ash_n crocus_n martis_n sawdust_n powder_a sea-salt_n and_o file_n of_o gold_n and_o mix_v they_o together_o common_a water_n will_v dissolve_v the_o salt_n and_o leave_v the_o other_o untouched_a and_o quicksilver_n will_v alone_o dissolve_v the_o gold_n and_o those_o that_o work_n in_o spanish_a gold_n mine_n tell_v we_o that_o quicksilver_n pour_v upon_o powder_a ore_n of_o gold_n and_o copper_n mix_v it_o will_v scarce_o meddle_v with_o the_o latter_a till_o the_o former_a be_v lick_v up_o and_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v we_o may_v be_v furnish_v with_o a_o reason_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o periapta_n annulet_n and_o appensa_fw-la especial_o if_o we_o consider_v what_o have_v already_o be_v deliver_v of_o the_o effluvium_n of_o body_n and_o the_o porosity_n of_o animal_n body_n and_o though_o these_o effluvia_fw-la be_v very_o small_a in_o quantity_n yet_o their_o effect_n may_v be_v more_o considerable_a in_o as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v neither_o alter_v nor_o consume_v by_o previous_a digestion_n and_o circulate_v through_o part_n in_o which_o they_o may_v be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n disperse_v and_o carry_v off_o along_o with_o the_o excrement_n prop._n ii_o sometime_o a_o specific_a medicine_n may_v mortify_v the_o over_o acid_n or_o other_o immoderate_a particle_n that_o infect_v the_o mass_n of_o blood_n and_o destroy_v their_o coagulatory_a or_o other_o effect_n though_o i_o believe_v not_o that_o all_o distemper_n be_v yet_o i_o question_v not_o but_o that_o a_o great_a many_o be_v cause_v either_o by_o acid_n or_o their_o ill_a effect_n or_o production_n and_o which_o may_v be_v cure_v by_o specific_a medicine_n two_o way_n viz._n either_o by_o mortify_v they_o by_o a_o positive_a hostility_n such_o as_o alkalizate_a salt_n whether_o fix_v as_o the_o lixiviate_v salt_n of_o plant_n or_o volatile_a as_o those_o of_o urine_n etc._n etc._n or_o by_o take_v off_o or_o blunt_v their_o edge_n as_o a_o knife_n may_v lose_v its_o power_n of_o cut_v by_o put_v it_o in_o a_o sheath_n or_o stick_v something_o upon_o the_o edge_n for_o the_o edge_n of_o a_o acid_n may_v be_v take_v off_o as_o well_o by_o be_v lodge_v in_o a_o porous_a alkaly_n as_o by_o have_v their_o edge_n break_v off_o and_o thus_o it_o be_v that_o minium_n take_v off_o the_o acidity_n of_o vinegar_n chalk_n take_v off_o the_o edge_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o lapis_fw-la calaminaris_n lessen_v the_o acidity_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o that_o acid_n be_v rather_o sheathe_v than_o alter_v by_o these_o body_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v because_o as_o glauber_n tell_v we_o they_o may_v by_o a_o strong_a fire_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o lapis_n calaminaris_n much_o strong_a and_o more_o dephlegm_v than_o before_o and_o though_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v by_o those_o that_o plead_v against_o specific_a medicine_n that_o they_o act_n by_o a_o manifest_a quality_n viz._n their_o alkalious_a nature_n or_o their_o acid_n yet_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o variety_n betwixt_o acid_n and_o alkalious_a medicine_n themselves_o that_o i_o be_o persuade_v they_o perform_v a_o great_a deal_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o something_o else_o beside_o their_o acid_n or_o alkalious_a nature_n since_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v not_o dissolve_v god_n though_o it_o will_v silver_n but_o if_o it_o be_v alter_v by_o a_o addition_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n it_o will_v dissolve_v gold_n and_o not_o silver_n and_o a_o different_a modification_n may_v not_o only_o make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o acid_n but_o a_o contrariety_n since_o spirit_n of_o salt_n will_v precipitate_v silver_n which_o aqua_n fortis_fw-la have_v dissolve_v and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n will_v precipitate_v out_o of_o butter_n of_o antimony_n a_o antimonial_a powder_n with_o a_o considerable_a conflict_n and_o effervescence_n yet_o this_o butter_n of_o antimony_n be_v so_o high_o acid_n that_o a_o little_a quantity_n of_o it_o put_v into_o a_o little_a water_n make_v it_o so_o sour_a that_o many_o chemist_n call_v it_o acetum_fw-la philosophorum_fw-la and_o as_o there_o be_v several_a kind_n of_o acid_n and_o of_o alkaly_n too_o so_o every_o alkaly_n will_v not_o mortify_v the_o same_o acid_n for_o though_o chalk_n will_v precipitate_v a_o solution_n of_o copper_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la yet_o a_o volatile_a alkaly_n will_v not_o and_o indeed_o when_o i_o consider_v what_o difference_n there_o natural_o be_v betwixt_o acid_n it_o be_v not_o unreasonable_a to_o expect_v that_o there_o may_v be_v acid_n humour_n produce_v in_o the_o body_n utter_o unknown_a to_o we_o and_o which_o may_v require_v a_o specific_a alkaly_n to_o correct_v they_o as_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o though_o neither_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n nor_o spirit_n of_o salt_n nor_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v dissolve_v a_o calculus_fw-la humanus_fw-la yet_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n will_v and_o by_o that_o mean_n lose_v its_o corrosiveness_n and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o particular_a acid_n may_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o distemper_n which_o they_o be_v by_o some_o rather_o take_v to_o be_v remedy_n for_o though_o acid_n be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v of_o a_o incisive_a nature_n and_o though_o in_o some_o case_n i_o be_o willing_a to_o allow_v they_o those_o virtue_n yet_o i_o believe_v that_o obstruction_n and_o the_o disease_n depend_v therein_o be_v cause_v by_o acid_n coagulate_v some_o fluid_n dispose_v to_o be_v thicken_v by_o they_o which_o may_v be_v exemplify_v by_o the_o coagulation_n i_o have_v make_v of_o some_o acid_n salt_n as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n of_o the_o white_a of_o a_o egg_n which_o by_o be_v beat_v be_v reduce_v to_o a_o aqueous_a consistence_n and_o milk_n will_v be_v coagulate_v not_o only_o by_o spirit_n of_o salt_n but_o rennet_n and_o juice_n of_o lemon_n and_o it_o have_v be_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o some_o acid_v transmit_v into_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n have_v coagulate_v it_o in_o live_a animal_n but_o though_o i_o believe_v a_o great_a many_o distemper_n be_v occasion_v by_o acid_n yet_o i_o conceive_v some_o be_v occasion_v by_o acid_n salt_n unite_n with_o other_o saline_n body_n as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o spirit_n of_o urine_n produce_v a_o salarmoniack_a and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n with_o salt_n of_o tartar_n dissolve_v in_o common_a water_n will_v coagulate_v with_o it_o into_o salt-petre_n and_o the_o same_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n with_o spirit_n of_o urine_n will_v produce_v a_o very_a
external_o apply_v yet_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o porosity_n of_o body_n and_o the_o effect_n of_o effluvia_fw-la it_o will_v easy_o appear_v how_o they_o may_v influence_n the_o body_n and_o alter_v the_o humour_n which_o circulate_v in_o it_o and_o to_o what_o be_v there_o offer_v we_o may_v reasonable_o add_v the_o ill_a effect_n of_o annulet_n of_o arsenic_n mention_v by_o diemerbreck_n and_o the_o effect_n of_o cantharides_n upon_o some_o person_n who_o only_o wear_v they_o in_o their_o pocket_n and_o indeed_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o medicine_n external_o specific_v which_o one_o will_v not_o take_v to_o be_v so_o as_o camphire_n which_o internal_o be_v very_o hot_a and_o good_a in_o some_o malignant_a fever_n yet_o outward_o it_o be_v use_v to_o take_v off_o heat_v pimple_n in_o the_o face_n and_o in_o cool_a ointment_n and_o against_o burns_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n though_o very_o hot_a when_o internal_o use_v yet_o it_o if_o present_o apply_v take_v out_o the_o fire_n of_o burns_n and_o so_o mild_a a_o body_n as_o bread_n if_o chew_v and_o outward_o apply_v have_v considerable_a virtue_n in_o external_a affection_n and_o i_o have_v several_a time_n eat_v a_o thing_n without_o any_o such_o effect_n which_o a_o physician_n tell_v i_o external_o apply_v will_v purge_v child_n be_v neither_o offensive_a in_o colour_n smell_v or_o gripe_v and_o to_o these_o instance_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o galen_n tell_v we_o that_o a_o epileptic_a boy_n be_v free_a from_o such_o fit_n as_o long_o as_o he_o wear_v only_a peony_n root_n as_o a_o appensum_fw-la and_o i_o know_v one_o who_o be_v paralytic_a that_o be_v sudden_o relieve_v in_o violent_a cramp_n only_o by_o handle_v the_o tooth_n of_o a_o river-horse_n and_o i_o as_o well_o as_o other_o have_v be_v relieve_v in_o the_o cramp_n by_o put_v a_o ring_n make_v of_o a_o elk_n hoof_n upon_o my_o finger_n and_o i_o know_v another_o cure_v of_o a_o incontinentia_fw-la vrinae_fw-la by_o the_o sole_a use_n of_o a_o appensum_fw-la and_o a_o lady_n have_v a_o scrofulous_a tumour_n dispel_v only_o by_o successive_o apply_v the_o body_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n to_o the_o part_n affect_v till_o the_o cold_a sensible_o penetrate_v into_o it_o and_o i_o myself_o have_v not_o only_o a_o violent_a haemorrhage_n speedy_o stop_v by_o hold_v moss_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n skull_n in_o my_o hand_n but_o a_o gentleman_n tell_v i_o that_o if_o when_o he_o be_v let_v blood_n he_o hold_v it_o in_o his_o hand_n no_o blood_n will_v flow_v out_o till_o he_o lay_v it_o aside_o and_o another_o tell_v i_o that_o he_o have_v be_v free_v from_o a_o palpitation_n of_o his_o heart_n which_o usual_o fall_v upon_o he_o after_o a_o few_o hour_n sleep_v with_o great_a terror_n only_o by_o wear_v smooth_a and_o flat_a cornelian_o in_o a_o bag_n over_o the_o pit_n of_o his_o stomach_n galen_n tell_v we_o that_o jasper_n wear_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n be_v good_a for_o the_o stomach_n and_o monardes_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o bleed_v of_o the_o hemorrhoid_v have_v be_v stop_v by_o wear_v a_o ring_n make_v of_o a_o bloodstone_n upon_o the_o finger_n and_o not_o only_a boetius_fw-la and_o johannes_n de_fw-fr laet_n commend_v lapis_n nephriticus_n but_o the_o experience_a monardes_n and_o other_o and_o untzerus_n tell_v we_o that_o by_o wear_v this_o stone_n some_o part_n of_o the_o stone_n be_v make_v so_o minute_n as_o to_o be_v expel_v out_o at_o the_o eye_n and_o that_o one_o that_o have_v a_o catarrh_n be_v purge_v fourteen_o time_n in_o one_o day_n by_o wear_v of_o it_o and_o it_o have_v the_o like_a effect_n though_o not_o so_o strong_o upon_o another_o but_o to_o conclude_v this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v here_o advertise_v the_o reader_n that_o though_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o several_a way_n by_o which_o specific_a medicine_n may_v operate_v yet_o i_o think_v not_o those_o always_o single_o effectual_a but_o that_o sometime_o they_o joint_o contribute_v to_o the_o produce_v of_o the_o effect_n without_o enlarge_a upon_o this_o account_n i_o shall_v only_o subjoin_v that_o i_o hope_v from_o what_o have_v be_v already_o deliver_v it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o specific_a medicine_n be_v not_o irreconcilable_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o corpuscular_a philosophy_n chap._n xii_o a_o short_a account_n of_o ambergrease_n communicate_v in_o the_o transaction_n of_o october_n 6._o 1673._o i_o receive_v the_o follow_a account_n from_o one_o of_o the_o committee_n of_o the_o east-india_n company_n ambergrease_n be_v not_o the_o scum_n or_o excrement_n of_o the_o whale_n etc._n etc._n but_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o root_n of_o a_o tree_n which_o always_o shoot_v out_o its_o root_n towards_o the_o sea_n seek_v the_o warmth_n of_o it_o thereby_o to_o deliver_v the_o fat_a gum_n that_o come_v out_o of_o it_o which_o tree_n otherwise_o by_o its_o copious_a fatness_n may_v be_v burn_v and_o destroy_v wherever_o it_o be_v shoot_v into_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v very_o tough_a and_o can_v scarce_o be_v loosen_v from_o the_o root_n except_o by_o its_o own_o weight_n or_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n if_o you_o plant_v the_o tree_n where_o the_o stream_n set_v to_o the_o shore_n it_o will_v cast_v it_o up_o to_o great_a advantage_n march_n 1._o 1672._o in_o batavia_n journal_n advice_n from_o etc._n etc._n finis_fw-la advertisement_n the_o work_n of_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boyl_n esq_n vol._n one_a and_o second_o sell_v by_o j._n phillip_n at_o the_o kings-arm_n and_o j._n taylor_n at_o the_o ship_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n the_o table_n a_o air_n not_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la page_n 103_o of_o the_o air_n be_v temper_n p._n 107_o the_o doctrine_n of_o antiperistasis_n examine_v p._n 145_o of_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n spring_n on_o body_n under_o water_n p._n 268_o 271_o of_o the_o â—tmospheres_n of_o consistent_a solid_n p._n 412_o of_o ambergrease_n p._n 551_o b_o to_o preserve_v bird_n etc._n etc._n p._n 353_o of_o the_o bladder_n of_o air_n in_o fish_n ibid._n the_o natural_a history_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 459_o of_o the_o colour_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 460_o 516._o of_o its_o taste_n ibid._n of_o its_o odour_n ibid._n of_o its_o heat_n ibid._n of_o its_o inflamability_n ibid._n of_o the_o acid_n part_v natural_o mix_v with_o human_n blood_n p._n 461_o of_o its_o specific_a gravity_n ibid._n of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o the_o consistent_a part_n p._n 462_o of_o the_o consistence_n of_o human_n blood_n ibid._n of_o its_o disposition_n to_o concretion_n ibid._n what_o liquor_n or_o salt_n coagulate_v it_o ibid._n what_o hinder_v its_o coagulation_n ibid._n what_o liquor_n preserve_v it_o etc._n etc._n ibid._n of_o the_o volatile_a salt_n of_o human_n blood_n ibid._n of_o the_o phlegm_n and_o oil_n of_o human_a blood_n p._n 465_o of_o the_o fix_a salt_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 467_o of_o its_o terra_fw-la damnata_fw-la p._n 468_o what_o substance_n may_v be_v chemical_o obtain_v from_o it_o ibid._n c_o of_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o cold_a p._n 1_o 189_o cold_a produce_v by_o a_o solution_n of_o salarmoniack_a p._n 2_o by_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o urine_n p._n 3_o by_o spirit_n of_o rock_n allom._n ibid._n by_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o salarmoniack_a p._n 4._o potential_a coldness_n mechanical_o explain_v p._n 5_o degree_n of_o cold_a neither_o to_o be_v judge_v of_o by_o our_o sensory_a nor_o weather-glass_n p._n 11_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o coldness_n in_o several_a body_n p._n 48_o of_o the_o circumscription_n of_o the_o sphere_n of_o activity_n of_o cold._n p._n 53_o 85_o of_o the_o preservation_n of_o body_n by_o cold_a p._n 55_o of_o the_o contraction_n of_o liquor_n by_o cold._n p._n 66_o of_o the_o expansive_a force_n of_o congelation_n p._n 83_o what_o medium_n cold_a may_v be_v diffuse_v through_o p._n 88_o of_o the_o strange_a effect_n of_o cold._n p._n 120_o promiscuous_a experiment_n concern_v cold._a p._n 129_o mr._n hobbes_n doctrine_n of_o cold_a examine_v p._n 158_o of_o the_o positive_a and_o privative_a nature_n of_o cold._n p._n 180_o d_o observation_n about_o diamond_n and_o other_o shine_a body_n p._n 138_o 139_o 141._o e_o what_o the_o success_n of_o experiment_n depend_v on_o p._n 9_o the_o earth_n not_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la p._n 100_o earth_n the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la p._n 102_o experiment_n about_o explosion_n p._n 232_o of_o the_o strange_a subtlety_n of_o effluvium_n p._n 415_o of_o their_o efficacy_n p._n 424_o of_o their_o determinate_a nature_n p._n 431_o f_o of_o body_n capable_a of_o freeze_v other_o p._n 38_o of_o body_n dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v p._n 42._o of_o body_n not_o dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v p._n 45_o the_o effect_n of_o frost_n on_o solid_a body_n
p._n 123_o several_a experiment_n about_o freeze_a p._n 164_o fire_n and_o flame_n make_v ponderable_a p._n 205_o 206_o 210._o of_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o flame_n and_o air._n p._n 218_o 220_o 223._o flame_n preserve_v under_o water_n p._n 225_o of_o the_o propagation_n of_o flame_n in_o vacuo_fw-la p._n 226_o 227_o of_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o air_n and_o the_o flamma_n vitalis_n of_o animal_n p._n 229_o g_o the_o effect_n of_o gunpowder_n dissolve_v in_o water_n p._n 4._o of_o the_o perviousness_n of_o glass_n p._n 213_o a_o comminution_n of_o gold_n into_o powder_n p._n 363_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o granate_n ibid._n of_o the_o origin_n of_o gem_n p._n 380_o of_o the_o virtue_n of_o gem_n p._n 397_o h_n heat_v produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o salt-petre_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n p._n 4_o of_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o heat_n p._n 191_o hydrostatical_a paradox_n make_v out_o p._n 279_o a_o new_a hydrostatical_a instrument_n and_o its_o use_n propose_v p._n 311_o observation_n about_o hurricane_n p._n 365_o i_o of_o the_o levity_n of_o ice_n and_o its_o cause_n p._n 68_o observation_n and_o experiment_n concern_v ice_n p._n 91_o what_o liquor_n soon_o dissolve_v ice_n and_o snow_n p._n 96_o the_o quality_n of_o ice_n p._n 172_o l_o the_o expansion_n and_o contraction_n of_o liquor_n measure_v p._n 75_o of_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o light_n and_o air._n of_o the_o levity_n of_o body_n under_o water_n p._n 265_o a_o self_n move_v liquor_n p._n 351_o a_o preparation_n of_o liquid_a laudanum_n describe_v p._n 354_o m_n of_o mercury_n grow_v hot_a with_o gold_n p._n 203_o of_o the_o growth_n and_o increase_n of_o metal_n p._n 318_o medicina_fw-la hydrostatica_fw-la p._n 329_o the_o weight_n of_o several_a body_n weigh_v in_o air_n and_o water_n p._n 346_o passage_n relate_v to_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n p._n 355_o of_o specific_a medicine_n p._n 528_o their_o operation_n mechanical_o solve_v p._n 531_o that_o by_o their_o unite_n with_o a_o distemper_a humour_n a_o three_o body_n may_v be_v produce_v not_o so_o offensive_a to_o nature_n p._n 547_o n_n nitre_n not_o the_o grand_a efficient_a of_o cold._n p._n 104_o of_o the_o effect_n of_o nitre_n in_o freeze_a p._n 131_o of_o the_o aerial_a noctiluca_n p._n 245_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o noctilucas_n p._n 247_o of_o the_o icy_a noctiluca_n p._n 255_o of_o the_o subtlety_n of_o its_o part_n p._n 259_o o_o oly_a of_o vitriol_n and_o salarmoniack_a mix_v together_o p._n 8_o a_o hydrostatical_a way_n of_o estimate_v oar_n p._n 321_o p_o of_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la p._n 99_o a_o chemical_a analysis_n of_o pearl_n p._n 370_o of_o the_o porosity_n of_o body_n p._n 440_o of_o the_o porosity_n of_o animal_n body_n p._n 450_o the_o effect_n of_o putrefaction_n and_o fermentation_n on_o human_n blood_n p._n 485_o r_n what_o refrigeration_n depend_v on_o p._n 6_o strange_a report_n p._n 373_o s_n of_o the_o different_a pressure_n of_o solid_n and_o fluid_n p._n 272_o of_o the_o serum_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 474_o of_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 483_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n what_o p._n 487_o of_o what_o classis_fw-la of_o saline_n body_n it_o be_v of_o p._n 488_o whether_o different_a from_o spirit_n of_o urine_n etc._n etc._n p._n 490_o of_o its_o proportion_n to_o the_o substance_n it_o be_v draw_v from_o p._n 491_o of_o its_o consistence_n and_o specific_a gravity_n p._n 492_o of_o its_o odour_n taste_n and_o colour_n p._n 494_o of_o its_o dissolve_v power_n p._n 495_o of_o the_o coagulate_a power_n of_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 499_o of_o its_o precipitate_v power_n p._n 500_o of_o its_o affinity_n with_o some_o chemical_a oil_n etc._n etc._n p._n 501_o of_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n and_o air._n p._n 504_o of_o its_o hostility_n with_o acid_n etc._n etc._n p._n 506_o of_o its_o medicinal_a virtue_n p._n 508_o 511_o t_n the_o effect_n of_o a_o mixture_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o water_n p._n 193_o what_o tincture_n may_v be_v draw_v with_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 497_o five_o title_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o human_a urine_n p._n 472_o w_n of_o the_o ascent_n of_o water_n in_o weather-glass_n p._n 30_o of_o the_o expansion_n of_o water_n and_o other_o freeze_a liquor_n p._n 62_o 187_o of_o the_o expansive_a force_n of_o freeze_a water_n p._n 79_o water_n not_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la p._n 702_o the_o weight_n of_o body_n freeze_v and_o unfreeze_v p._n 126_o whether_o â—ot_n water_n freeze_v soon_o than_o cold._n p._n 134_o of_o the_o weight_n of_o water_n in_o water_n p._n 277_o finis_fw-la
it_o this_o salt_n cease_v to_o produce_v most_o of_o the_o forementioned_a effect_n and_o form_n a_o body_n very_o like_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a which_o change_n may_v probable_o depend_v on_o the_o motion_n and_o shape_n of_o its_o part_n destroy_v since_o by_o evaporate_n most_o of_o the_o liquor_n i_o have_v find_v the_o salt_n not_o only_o much_o less_o fugitive_n and_o volatile_a than_o that_o of_o urine_n but_o the_o crystal_n of_o a_o different_a figure_n be_v like_o combs_n and_o feather_n and_o these_o consideration_n together_o with_o the_o extra-essential_a change_n of_o body_n may_v let_v we_o see_v that_o substance_n may_v work_v various_o upon_o different_a sense_n as_o well_o as_o other_o body_n and_o those_o effect_n too_o may_v depend_v on_o extra-essential_a change_n which_o may_v be_v wrought_v in_o motion_n shape_n and_o texture_n etc._n etc._n the_o essential_a modification_n of_o body_n nevertheless_o agree_v so_o that_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v the_o objection_n i_o hope_v will_v seem_v less_o considerable_a and_o not_o so_o perplex_v as_o some_o imagine_v and_o these_o three_o difficulty_n i_o have_v the_o rather_o consider_v because_o they_o may_v not_o only_o explain_v but_o confirm_v and_o illustrate_v what_o be_v deliver_v in_o the_o chapter_n before_o concern_v form_n and_o quality_n and_o may_v also_o clear_a and_o render_v more_o intelligible_a some_o thing_n hereafter_o to_o be_v relate_v chap._n iii_o of_o the_o origin_n of_o form_n the_o origin_n of_o form_n pyrophyly_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o noble_a yet_o most_o obstruse_a inquiry_n in_o natural_a philosophy_n so_o that_o the_o wise_a of_o the_o peripatetic_n have_v either_o confess_v their_o inability_n or_o give_v explanation_n of_o they_o very_o insatisfactory_a but_o not_o to_o examine_v all_o their_o various_a opinion_n on_o this_o point_n i_o shall_v only_o here_o brief_o consider_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o modern_a aristotelian_o have_v already_o in_o our_o hypothesis_n lay_v down_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n our_o thought_n on_o this_o subject_a consider_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o aristotelian_o consider_v the_o controversy_n betwixt_o we_o and_o the_o school_n be_v this_o whether_o the_o form_n of_o natural_a body_n be_v edute_v out_o of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o whether_o they_o be_v substantial_a entity_n distinct_a from_o matter_n that_o they_o be_v not_o appear_v from_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n and_o therefore_o what_o i_o shall_v here_o insist_v on_o be_v that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n be_v to_o i_o incomprehensible_a for_o though_o the_o schoolman_n make_v use_v of_o a_o obscure_a distinction_n viz._n that_o in_o produce_v form_n the_o power_n of_o matter_n be_v partly_o eductive_a and_o partly_o receptive_a yet_o since_o they_o deny_v form_n to_o exist_v in_o matter_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o conceive_v how_o they_o shall_v be_v educe_v before_o existent_a and_o since_o the_o receptive_a power_n only_o enable_v matter_n to_o receive_v a_o form_n how_o can_v it_o help_v to_o produce_v it_o when_o the_o form_n must_v be_v produce_v before_o the_o receptive_a power_n can_v lodge_v it_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o body_n have_v a_o receptive_a power_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o soul_n disprove_v form_n not_o educe_v out_o of_o the_o power_n of_o matter_n disprove_v which_o nevertheless_o they_o allow_v to_o have_v a_o substantial_a form_n yet_o not_o educe_v out_o of_o the_o power_n of_o matter_n it_o be_v true_a be_v the_o form_n of_o a_o body_n a_o more_o subtle_a portion_n of_o matter_n as_o spirit_n be_v of_o wine_n the_o eductive_a power_n may_v be_v considerable_a and_o signify_v the_o same_o as_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o form_n be_v but_o a_o modification_n of_o matter_n which_o will_v amount_v to_o this_o viz._n that_o by_o proper_a agent_n matter_n may_v be_v so_o dispose_v as_o to_o produce_v a_o body_n of_o this_o or_o that_o denomination_n as_o the_o form_n of_o a_o sphere_n may_v be_v conceâ—…â—o_o exist_v potential_o in_o a_o piece_n of_o brass_n because_o that_o metal_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v put_v into_o such_o a_o form_n but_o this_o they_o disallow_v because_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v form_n will_v be_v but_o accident_n and_o as_o for_o the_o other_o way_n of_o educe_a form_n out_o of_o matter_n as_o spirit_n out_o of_o wine_n that_o can_v be_v grant_v by_o they_o because_o than_o matter_n and_o form_n will_v be_v the_o same_o substantial_a principle_n diversify_v by_o accident_n but_o they_o tell_v we_o strange_a thing_n of_o the_o efficacy_n of_o the_o agent_n which_o work_v upon_o the_o matter_n out_o of_o which_o form_n be_v to_o be_v educe_v to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v brief_o answer_v that_o the_o agent_n can_v only_o act_v as_o a_o physical_a agent_n and_o if_o the_o form_n produce_v by_o its_o operation_n be_v a_o substance_n not_o preexistent_a in_o that_o matter_n it_o work_v upon_o and_o which_o constitute_v the_o body_n the_o form_n must_v either_o be_v make_v of_o some_o part_n of_o that_o matter_n or_o create_v de_fw-fr novo_fw-la if_o they_o allow_v the_o former_a than_o the_o form_n be_v not_o a_o substance_n distinct_a from_o matter_n but_o if_o they_o will_v not_o allow_v it_o to_o be_v make_v of_o matter_n it_o must_v be_v de_fw-la novo_fw-la i._n e._n out_o of_o nothing_o which_o be_v grant_v natural_a body_n must_v be_v produce_v by_o creation_n and_o generation_n and_o not_o by_o the_o latter_a only_o and_o it_o be_v strange_a if_o they_o allow_v that_o a_o physical_a agent_n can_v effect_v that_o which_o ancient_a philosopher_n think_v too_o great_a to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o god_n himself_o reason_n the_o aristototelian_a doctrine_n of_o form_n contrary_a to_o reason_n and_o as_o for_o these_o reason_n what_o they_o say_v of_o the_o origin_n of_o form_n be_v to_o i_o incomprehensible_a so_o that_o what_o they_o deliver_v concern_v substantial_a form_n be_v irreconcilable_a to_o reason_n for_o though_o they_o allow_v these_o form_n to_o be_v substance_n yet_o they_o teach_v that_o they_o depend_v upon_o matter_n both_o in_o fieri_fw-la and_o in_fw-la esse_fw-la i._n e._n they_o can_v exist_v out_o of_o the_o matter_n which_o support_v they_o which_o be_v to_o give_v they_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o accident_n nay_o these_o imaginary_a form_n as_o much_o invalidate_n the_o doctrine_n of_o corruption_n as_o that_o of_o generation_n for_o if_o a_o form_n be_v a_o substance_n distinct_a from_o matter_n it_o must_v exist_v of_o itself_o as_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n do_v when_o the_o body_n be_v dissolve_v but_o they_o assert_v that_o in_o corruption_n the_o form_n cease_v to_o exist_v by_o which_o mean_n they_o make_v it_o a_o accident_n and_o likewise_o contradict_v what_o they_o common_o hold_v viz._n that_o upon_o corruption_n body_n be_v resolve_v into_o their_o first_o principle_n since_o if_o what_o they_o assert_v of_o form_n be_v true_a body_n be_v but_o partly_o dissolve_v into_o their_o first_o matter_n and_o partly_o annihilate_v or_o restore_v to_o the_o common_a stock_n of_o form_n which_o notwithstanding_o any_o thing_n to_o the_o contrary_a must_v be_v immortal_a answer_v argument_n allege_v by_o the_o school_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o doctrine_n answer_v but_o to_o examine_v some_o of_o the_o most_o plausible_a argument_n bring_v by_o the_o school_n to_o evince_v their_o doctrine_n of_o form_n first_o they_o argue_v thus_o omne_fw-la compositum_fw-la substantiale_fw-la requirit_fw-la materiam_fw-la &_o formam_fw-la substantialem_fw-la ex_fw-la quibus_fw-la componatur_fw-la omne_fw-la corpus_fw-la naturale_fw-la est_fw-la compositum_fw-la substantiale_fw-la ergo_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o which_o syllogism_n for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o shall_v deny_v the_o minor_a because_o nothing_o in_o nature_n be_v compose_v of_o matter_n and_o a_o distinct_a substance_n but_o man._n the_o second_o argument_n they_o bring_v be_v that_o if_o substantial_a form_n be_v deny_v all_o body_n must_v be_v entia_fw-la per_fw-la accidens_fw-la to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o necessity_n since_o matter_n figure_n texture_n and_o motion_n ordinantur_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la &_o intrinsice_v to_o make_v up_o natural_a body_n another_o argument_n which_o they_o allege_v be_v that_o if_o there_o be_v no_o substantial_a form_n there_o can_v be_v no_o substantial_a definition_n which_o come_v to_o no_o more_o than_o that_o if_o we_o do_v grant_v some_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o in_o nature_n we_o shall_v want_v a_o foundation_n for_o our_o definition_n and_o indeed_o if_o we_o must_v define_v natural_a body_n by_o imaginary_a form_n which_o we_o know_v not_o it_o be_v better_a to_o exchange_v substantial_a for_o essential_a definition_n ground_v on_o the_o essential_a difference_n of_o natural_a body_n themselves_o consider_v their_o physical_a argument_n consider_v these_o argument_n for_o
expose_v to_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n we_o put_v a_o viol_n fill_v with_o water_n and_o well_o stop_v into_o our_o receiver_n and_o upon_o a_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n find_v no_o sensible_a alteration_n but_o another_o which_o be_v not_o so_o close_o stop_v be_v put_v in_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o bottle_n upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n make_v its_o way_n out_o several_a bubble_n present_o appear_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n from_o which_o trial_n it_o appear_v that_o whilst_o the_o air_n be_v include_v the_o water_n appear_v as_o if_o press_v upon_o by_o the_o atmosphere_n but_o in_o order_n to_o a_o further_a prosecution_n of_o our_o design_n in_o this_o experiment_n we_o fill_v a_o glass-egg_n with_o water_n and_o suspend_v it_o by_o a_o string_n to_o the_o cover_n so_o that_o by_o turn_v the_o glass-stopper_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o cover_n we_o so_o screw_v up_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o egg_n as_o to_o break_v it_o and_o thereby_o make_v way_n for_o the_o exclusion_n of_o the_o air_n upon_o which_o a_o number_n of_o bubble_n present_o rise_v in_o the_o water_n so_o as_o to_o represent_v a_o shower_n of_o rain_n invert_v but_o this_o experiment_n may_v be_v try_v with_o less_o trouble_n in_o one_o of_o our_o little_a receiver_n where_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n be_v more_o expeditious_a in_o one_o of_o which_o the_o experiment_n be_v make_v with_o red_a wine_n instead_o of_o water_n it_o appear_v immediate_o frothy_a like_a bottle-ale_n though_o open_v less_o cautious_o experiment_n xxix_o vapour_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o ascent_n of_o fume_n and_o vapour_n to_o show_v whether_o the_o ascent_n of_o fume_n and_o vapour_n be_v rather_o promote_v by_o the_o ambient_fw-la pressure_n of_o the_o air_n than_o that_o their_o ascent_n depend_v on_o their_o own_o positive_a lightness_n i_o convey_v a_o certain_a liquor_n which_o i_o have_v former_o make_v for_o other_o purpose_n into_o our_o receiver_n it_o consist_v of_o metalline_a ingredient_n which_o upon_o unstop_v of_o the_o bottle_n will_v emit_v copious_a steam_n like_o the_o powder_n of_o alabaster_n but_o upon_o stop_v of_o it_o again_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o bottle_n as_o well_o as_o the_o liquor_n become_v transparent_a and_o this_o liquor_n be_v convey_v into_o our_o receiver_n with_o a_o weight_n affix_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o viol_n to_o keep_v it_o from_o rise_v up_o when_o the_o cork_n be_v pull_v out_o we_o tie_v a_o string_n to_o the_o cork_n and_o the_o other_o end_n to_o the_o receiver_n and_o have_v close_v it_o up_o and_o pump_v out_o the_o air_n we_o screw_v the_o cork_n out_o of_o the_o bottle_n and_o observe_v that_o though_o some_o part_n of_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o bottle_n raise_v a_o few_o yet_o the_o fume_n do_v not_o rise_v as_o when_o expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n but_o lift_v up_o themselves_o by_o their_o own_o agitation_n rise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o viol_n and_o no_o high_a but_o run_v down_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o glass_n in_o stream_n which_o continue_v till_o the_o ingress_n of_o air_n be_v permit_v to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o that_o phaenomenon_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o bottle_n be_v take_v out_o into_o the_o open_a air_n fume_n plentiful_o rise_v as_o before_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o steam_n in_o a_o medium_fw-la thin_a than_o themselves_o may_v tend_v downward_o experiment_n xxx_o smoak_n the_o nature_n of_o fluid_a body_n illustrate_v by_o smoak_n to_o show_v how_o much_o the_o ambient_fw-la atmosphere_n emulate_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n we_o enclose_v a_o light_a match_n in_o our_o little_a receiver_n and_o when_o it_o be_v fill_v with_o smoke_n we_o take_v the_o match_n out_o leave_v the_o smoke_n behind_o close_v the_o receiver_n again_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o fly_v away_o upon_o which_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o smoke_n settle_v itself_o in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o receiver_n so_o far_o emulate_v a_o fluid_a as_o to_o change_v its_o horizontal_a superficies_n as_o the_o glass_n be_v various_o incline_v as_o also_o upon_o a_o more_o violent_a agitation_n of_o the_o vessel_n it_o be_v put_v into_o a_o vibrate_n and_o undulate_v motion_n as_o liquids_n usual_o be_v which_o it_o lose_v again_o by_o degree_n when_o the_o key_n of_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v turn_v part_v of_o it_o will_v flow_v out_o like_o red_a wine_n out_o of_o a_o bottle_n when_o the_o neck_n be_v invert_v and_o immerse_v in_o water_n the_o air_n gradual_o ascend_v into_o the_o receiver_n in_o its_o room_n beside_o which_o phaenomena_n it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o a_o hot_a iron_n be_v hold_v near_o one_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n the_o smoke_n be_v present_o raise_v in_o a_o stream_n up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o receiver_n keep_v distinct_a superficies_n from_o the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o receiver_n yet_o nevertheless_o upon_o a_o recess_n of_o that_o heat_n it_o will_v again_o subside_o and_o these_o thing_n be_v consider_v as_o likewise_o that_o there_o be_v a_o manifest_a difference_n in_o the_o weight_n of_o proportionable_a quantity_n as_o to_o extension_n of_o other_o liquor_n it_o may_v not_o be_v absurd_a to_o mention_v the_o atmosphere_n among_o other_o liquid_n especial_o since_o beside_o what_o we_o have_v already_o take_v notice_n of_o we_o may_v rational_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v several_a inequality_n upon_o the_o border_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n as_o well_o as_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o that_o smoke_n since_o the_o inequality_n of_o its_o upper_a superficies_n be_v not_o altogether_o indiscernible_a if_o we_o look_v upon_o the_o setting-sun_n with_o a_o good_a telescope_n for_o by_o that_o mean_n we_o may_v perceive_v the_o surface_n of_o it_o rough_a with_o several_a inequality_n which_o curl_n along_o like_a wave_n in_o the_o sea_n experiment_n xxxi_o body_n concern_v the_o cohaesion_n of_o flat_a body_n to_o try_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o air_n be_v spring_n when_o rarify_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n by_o exsuction_n in_o our_o receiver_n we_o try_v a_o experiment_n former_o more_o full_o take_v notice_n of_o with_o two_o flat_a polish_a marble_n for_o have_v fasten_v a_o weight_n of_o about_o four_o ounce_n to_o the_o low_a and_o wet_v the_o flat_a superficies_n of_o they_o with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n to_o keep_v the_o air_n from_o get_v betwixt_o they_o we_o put_v they_o into_o our_o receiver_n and_o find_v that_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air_n after_o several_a exsuction_n be_v strong_a enough_o to_o bear_v up_o the_o under-stone_n and_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o fall_v and_o how_o strong_a the_o cohaesion_n of_o flat_a body_n may_v be_v we_o have_v a_o notable_a instance_n relate_v p._n nic._n zucchius_n apud_fw-la schot_n part._n 1._o mec._n hydraulopneum_fw-la who_o say_v juveni_fw-la lacertorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la robur_fw-la jactanti_fw-la proposita_fw-la semel_fw-la est_fw-la laminea_fw-la aerea_fw-la per_fw-la ansam_fw-la in_o medio_fw-la extantem_fw-la apprehensam_fw-la elevanda_fw-la è_fw-la tabula_fw-la marmorea_fw-la cvi_fw-la optimè_fw-la congruebat_fw-la tum_o instantibus_fw-la amiciss_fw-la manum_fw-la utramque_fw-la admovens_fw-la cum_fw-la luctatus_fw-la diu_fw-la harentem_fw-la removisset_fw-la excusavit_fw-la impotentiam_fw-la objecta_fw-la peregrini_fw-la &_o potentissimi_fw-la glutinis_fw-la interpositione_n quo_fw-la fortissimè_fw-la copulante_fw-la nequiret_fw-la divelli_fw-la donec_fw-la vidit_fw-la ab_fw-la alio_fw-la per_fw-la tabulam_fw-la facillimè_fw-la laminam_fw-la deduci_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la extrema_fw-la productam_fw-la &_o actam_fw-la in_o transversum_fw-la inde_fw-la deportari_fw-la but_o to_o make_v it_o evident_a that_o two_o body_n may_v stick_v together_o by_o have_v their_o surface_n contiguous_a only_o in_o a_o small_a compass_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v a_o experiment_n make_v in_o our_o receiver_n experiment_n xxxii_o stop-cock_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o outward_a air_n on_o a_o valve_n fix_v to_o the_o external_n orifice_n of_o the_o stop-cock_n have_v exhaust_v our_o receiver_n and_o take_v it_o off_o the_o pump_n we_o apply_v a_o taper_a valve_n of_o brass_n such_o as_o the_o nine_o figure_n represent_v the_o taper_n end_v be_v put_v into_o the_o orifice_n of_o it_o and_o the_o chink_n betwixt_o the_o stop-cock_n and_o the_o glass_n be_v fill_v up_o with_o diachylon_n to_o the_o low_a superficies_n of_o the_o door_n of_o that_o valve_n be_v fix_v a_o button_n to_o which_o a_o scale_n be_v hang_v to_o hold_v weight_n in_o and_o then_o the_o key_n of_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v turn_v the_o atmosphere_n make_v such_o a_o strong_a pressure_n to_o get_v in_o as_o to_o keep_v the_o valve_n close_o to_o the_o orifice_n till_o a_o considerable_a weight_n be_v put_v into_o the_o scale_n and_o then_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v overpower_v it_o be_v present_o draw_v down_o in_o which_o experiment_n it_o be_v to_o
penetrate_v the_o minute_a pore_n and_o to_o dissolve_v the_o lime_n experiment_n v._n quicklime_n be_v immerse_v in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n in_o a_o retort_n and_o the_o spirit_n and_o phlegm_n draw_v off_o the_o remain_a quicklime_n instead_o of_o be_v slack_v be_v a_o more_o fiery_a substance_n than_o before_o for_o if_o a_o piece_n of_o it_o be_v throw_v into_o water_n it_o will_v hiss_v like_o a_o coal_n and_o heat_v the_o liquor_n which_o property_n it_o retain_v several_a week_n be_v keep_v close_o from_o the_o air._n whence_o it_o appear_v how_o much_o the_o texture_n of_o quicklime_n and_o the_o association_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n improve_n that_o texture_n contribute_v to_o the_o phaenomena_n offord_v by_o quicklime_n and_o that_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v associate_v with_o the_o quicklime_n be_v probable_a since_o part_v of_o it_o become_v a_o spiritless_a phlegm_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v quicklime_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n sometime_o to_o come_v over_o in_o white_a fume_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o in_o such_o distillation_n the_o odour_n of_o the_o spirit_n have_v not_o only_o be_v change_v but_o its_o taste_n render_v more_o fiery_a and_o brisk_a but_o the_o success_n be_v not_o always_o the_o same_o be_v diversify_v according_a to_o difference_n of_o the_o quicklime_n which_o may_v be_v more_o or_o less_o calcine_v or_o the_o stone_n may_v be_v of_o a_o different_a nature_n itself_o experiment_n vi._n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o other_o experiment_n which_o show_v that_o heat_n may_v be_v produce_v mechanical_o a_o nail_n hasty_o hammer_v grow_v hot_a the_o part_n of_o the_o metal_n be_v by_o that_o force_n vehement_o and_o various_o determine_v though_o the_o hammer_n and_o anvil_n be_v not_o warm_a so_o that_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v not_o requisite_a a_o calorifick_a body_n shall_v be_v hot_a itself_o the_o hammer_n be_v able_a though_o cold_a to_o warm_v the_o iron_n it_o beat_v upon_o and_o so_o the_o head_n of_o a_o nail_n grow_v hot_a when_o it_o can_v pierce_v no_o deep_o into_o wood_n the_o force_n of_o the_o beat_a hammer_n be_v not_o spend_v in_o depress_v the_o nail_n but_o put_v the_o resist_a part_n into_o agitation_n experiment_n vii_o and_o once_o i_o cause_v a_o piece_n of_o iron_n to_o be_v beat_v by_o three_o smith_n till_o it_o grow_v so_o hot_a as_o to_o kindle_v sulphur_n upon_o it_o experiment_n viii_o and_o that_o heat_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o percussion_n and_o attrition_n appear_v further_a since_o iron_n grow_v hot_a by_o be_v boil_v a_o knife_n by_o whet_v a_o brass_n nail_n by_o be_v rub_v and_o flint_n by_o be_v strike_v together_o experiment_n ix_o to_o show_v that_o heat_n may_v be_v produce_v without_o the_o attrition_n of_o contiguous_a air_n i_o place_v pitch_n under_o water_n and_o by_o the_o sunbeam_n cast_v into_o a_o focus_n by_o a_o burn_a glass_n upon_o it_o it_o be_v not_o only_o melt_v but_o seem_v to_o boil_v and_o smoke_n experiment_n x._o the_o powder_n of_o slack_v quicklime_n wash_v from_o its_o salt_n be_v mix_v with_o salarmoniack_a and_o melt_v together_o the_o cold_a mass_n be_v put_v into_o a_o glass_n upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n grow_v too_o hot_a to_o be_v touch_v with_o one_o hand_n though_o the_o salarmoniack_a itself_o in_o water_n produce_v cold._n experiment_n xi_o salarmoniack_a and_o file_n of_o steel_n be_v sublime_v together_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n in_o which_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o salt_n remain_v instead_o of_o increase_v the_o coldness_n of_o water_n be_v pour_v upon_o it_o several_a month_n after_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n be_v first_o lay_v up_o give_v the_o water_n a_o notable_a degree_n of_o heat_n experiment_n xii_o equal_a part_n of_o antimony_n and_o salarmoniack_a be_v sublime_v with_o several_a degree_n of_o heat_n in_o a_o glass-vessel_n we_o obtain_v three_o several_a substance_n which_o be_v several_o powder_v the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n which_o be_v like_o antimony_n be_v put_v into_o water_n in_o which_o a_o thermoscope_n be_v immerse_v scarce_o raise_v the_o liquor_n sensible_o but_o the_o yellow_a sublimate_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o sulphureous_a flower_n of_o antimony_n and_o the_o more_o volatile_a salt_n of_o the_o salarmoniack_a cause_v the_o weatherglass_n in_o another_o parcel_n of_o water_n to_o descend_v a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n and_o the_o low_a sublimate_n which_o be_v black_a be_v put_v into_o a_o three_o parcel_n of_o water_n the_o liquor_n in_o the_o weatherglass_n subside_v near_o three_o inch_n but_o the_o like_a experiment_n be_v try_v with_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n of_o minium_n and_o salarmoniack_a it_o neither_o cause_v the_o liquor_n in_o the_o weatherglass_n to_o rise_v or_o fall_v but_o the_o sublimate_n raise_v from_o these_o ingredient_n cause_v the_o liquor_n to_o subside_o a_o little_a experiment_n xiii_o whether_o solvent_n dissolve_v mineral_n and_o cause_n that_o heat_v observable_a in_o their_o action_n by_o any_o antipathy_n betwixt_o the_o mineral_n and_o the_o menstruum_fw-la or_o whether_o it_o do_v not_o rather_o proceed_v from_o the_o violent_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o metal_n either_o dissolve_v by_o the_o insinuation_n of_o its_o part_n into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o metal_n or_o by_o obstruct_v the_o passage_n of_o some_o aethereal_a matter_n through_o those_o pore_n which_o want_v its_o usual_a course_n dissolve_v the_o metal_n by_o force_v a_o new_a way_n i_o shall_v not_o undertake_v to_o determine_v but_o have_v agitate_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n with_o four_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o water_n thereby_o it_o obtain_v a_o sensible_a heat_n from_o which_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o heat_v produce_v by_o mineral_n depend_v not_o on_o a_o conflict_n of_o acid_n and_o alkaly_n since_o water_n be_v void_a of_o either_o of_o those_o chemical_a quality_n experiment_n fourteen_o if_o a_o piece_n of_o wet_a ice_n be_v throw_v into_o a_o viol_n which_o before_o contain_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n the_o oil_n mix_v with_o the_o water_n dissolve_v the_o ice_n and_o cause_v a_o strong_a fermentation_n and_o a_o violent_a heat_n experiment_n xv._o half_n a_o ounce_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v mix_v with_o a_o ounce_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n acquire_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o heat_n present_o and_o almost_o most_o fill_v the_o bottle_n with_o fume_n and_o the_o bottle_n grow_v so_o hot_a at_o the_o last_o that_o i_o can_v not_o hold_v it_o in_o my_o hand_n the_o like_a succeed_v only_o in_o a_o more_o remiss_a degree_n with_o common_a brandy_n and_o also_o with_o aqua_fw-la vitæ_fw-la experiment_n xvi_o though_o the_o chemist_n teach_v that_o the_o incalescence_n of_o body_n depend_v on_o a_o antipathy_n of_o the_o mix_a body_n yet_o i_o find_v a_o intense_a heat_v ensue_v the_o mixture_n of_o part_n of_o the_o same_o body_n viz._n calcine_v colcothar_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n experiment_n xvii_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n mix_v together_o produce_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o heat_n experiment_n xviii_o a_o ounce_n of_o rectify_v petroleum_n be_v mix_v with_o a_o equal_a weight_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n the_o former_a liquor_n seem_v to_o work_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o this_o like_o a_o menstruum_fw-la upon_o metal_n the_o fume_n of_o the_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n rise_v into_o the_o ol._n petrae_fw-la and_o the_o mutual_a re-action_n of_o both_o the_o liquor_n cause_v a_o moderate_a warmness_n and_o we_o have_v almost_o the_o like_a success_n with_o petroleum_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n but_o in_o these_o last_o mention_v trial_n spirit_n of_o salt_n make_v use_v of_o instead_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n have_v no_o such_o considerable_a effect_n experiment_n xix_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n cause_v a_o considerable_a effervescence_n upon_o file_n of_o steel_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v soak_v in_o water_n and_o it_o will_v grow_v sensible_o hot_a with_o lime_n oyster-shell_n chalk_n lapis_n calaminaris_n etc._n etc._n experiment_n xx._n oil_n of_o vitriol_n grow_v hot_a with_o cherry_n and_o likewise_o with_o raisin_n of_o the_o sun_n beat_v in_o a_o mortar_n as_o well_o as_o with_o several_a other_o vegetable_a substance_n and_o very_o considerable_o with_o crumb_n of_o white_a bread_n experiment_n xxi_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n cause_v a_o considerable_a heat_n if_o mix_v with_o mince_a flesh_n experiment_n xxii_o though_o sea-salt_n impart_v a_o coldness_n to_o water_n yet_o with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n it_o cause_v heat_n yet_o with_o sal_fw-la armon_n part_n of_o which_o consist_v of_o common_a salt_n it_o produce_v a_o coldness_n experiment_n xxiii_o common_a sulphur_n acquire_v a_o heat_n by_o attritition_n and_o emit_v sulphureous_a steam_n copious_o so_o that_o sulphur_n itself_o as_o well_o as_o other_o body_n owe_v its_o heat_n to_o local_a motion_n experiment_n xxiv_o equal_a part_n
of_o sal_fw-la armon_n and_o quicklime_n be_v flux_v together_o a_o ounce_n of_o the_o powder_n put_v into_o water_n cause_v a_o violent_a heat_n though_o sal_fw-la armon_n itself_o produce_v cold._n experiment_n xxv_o we_o observe_v that_o beat_a sublimate_n be_v mix_v with_o powder_a antimony_n after_o it_o have_v stand_v some_o time_n in_o the_o air_n the_o mixture_n grow_v sensible_o hot_a which_o phaenomenon_n i_o attribute_v in_o part_n to_o the_o moisture_n imbibe_v from_o the_o air_n since_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o make_v the_o experiment_n succeed_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v expose_v in_o a_o moist_a cellar_n experiment_n xxvi_o trial_n have_v assure_v i_o that_o in_o summer_n fine_a sulphur_n and_o file_n of_o steel_n be_v mix_v together_o in_o water_n will_v grow_v intense_o hot_a if_o stir_v about_o a_o hour_n after_o they_o be_v mix_v and_o will_v likewise_o emit_v steam_n copious_o experiment_n xxvii_o several_a trial_n have_v convince_v i_o that_o a_o mercury_n may_v be_v so_o prepare_v as_o to_o afford_v a_o incalescence_n with_o gold_n experiment_n xxviii_o have_v distil_v from_o quicksilver_n four_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v reduce_v it_o to_o a_o powder_n which_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o salt_n of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v white_a and_o glister_a and_o be_v put_v into_o water_n in_o which_o a_o weatherglass_n be_v immerse_v it_o cause_v the_o spirit_n to_o rise_v manifest_o which_o be_v the_o more_o remarkable_a because_o helmont_n observe_v that_o the_o salt_n adhere_v to_o the_o mercury_n corrode_v in_o a_o good_a quantity_n by_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n if_o it_o be_v wash_v off_o and_o coagulate_v become_v a_o kind_n of_o alum_n and_o this_o phaenomenon_n be_v still_o the_o more_o remarkable_a because_o vitriolum_fw-la martis_n make_v with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o file_n of_o steel_n be_v put_v into_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v not_o impel_v up_o as_o by_o the_o former_a mixture_n but_o after_o a_o while_n rather_o subside_v common_a sublimate_n dissolve_v in_o water_n neither_o sensible_o depress_v or_o raise_v the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n chap._n xiii_o of_o mercury_n grow_v hot_a with_o gold_n communicate_v in_o the_o transaction_n of_o feb._n 21._o 1675_o 6._o gold_n of_o mercury_n grow_v ho_o with_o gold_n have_v obtain_v a_o mercury_n fine_a and_o clean_o and_o even_o purge_v by_o sublimation_n and_o distillation_n and_o incorporate_v a_o multitude_n of_o heterogeneous_a particle_n with_o it_o so_o that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v discover_v and_o much_o less_o separate_v except_o by_o a_o skilful_a artist_n i_o mix_v sometime_o half_a and_o sometime_o a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o calx_fw-la of_o gold_n with_o this_o mercury_n in_o the_o palm_n of_o my_o hand_n stir_v and_o press_v it_o with_o the_o finger_n of_o my_o other_o hand_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o ingredient_n be_v mix_v they_o grow_v sensible_o hot_a in_o a_o minute_n and_o i_o observe_v that_o when_o they_o be_v mix_v in_o equal_a quantity_n they_o will_v produce_v a_o much_o great_a degree_n of_o heat_n than_o if_o their_o proportion_n be_v not_o exact_a and_o the_o like_a success_n ensue_v when_o the_o mixture_n be_v preserve_v from_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o skin_n by_o be_v contain_v in_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n lay_v betwixt_o my_o hand_n and_o it_o and_o the_o same_o succeed_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o other_o person_n but_o with_o silver_n it_o will_v not_o produce_v a_o incalescence_n but_o though_o this_o mercury_n grow_v hot_a with_o gold_n yet_o i_o much_o question_n whether_o as_o chemist_n call_v they_o mercurii_n corporum_fw-la make_v by_o extraction_n from_o mineral_n and_o metal_n will_v grow_v hot_a with_o gold_n as_o i_o find_v antimonial_a mercury_n do_v and_o i_o be_o far_o from_o affirm_v that_o that_o which_o be_v call_v philosophic_a mercury_n or_o even_o those_o obtain_v from_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v fit_a for_o such_o use_n than_o common_a mercury_n skilful_o purge_v and_o impregnate_v with_o the_o subtle_a and_o active_a particle_n of_o congruous_a metal_n and_o mineral_n to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o this_o mercury_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o it_o preserve_v its_o quality_n of_o grow_v hot_a with_o gold_n two_o or_o three_o year_n and_o though_o it_o be_v distil_v from_o gold_n again_o and_o again_o and_o whereas_o its_o usual_a to_o take_v eight_o or_o ten_o part_n of_o quicksilver_n to_o make_v a_o amalgama_n with_o gold_n this_o mercury_n will_v do_v it_o be_v use_v in_o a_o equal_a proportion_n as_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o prepare_v this_o mercury_n i_o do_v think_v it_o convenient_a to_o publish_v it_o only_o this_o i_o shall_v say_v that_o it_o may_v be_v make_v more_o way_n than_o one_o and_o without_o employ_v antimony_n or_o such_o solid_a metal_n as_o mars_n but_o that_o of_o we_o i_o observe_v succeed_v best_a in_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n by_o be_v mix_v with_o quercetanus_n calx_fw-la of_o gold_n viz._n by_o melt_a gold_n with_o three_o or_o four_o part_n of_o silver_n for_o by_o put_v this_o into_o aq._n fortis_fw-la the_o silver_n will_v be_v dissolve_v and_o the_o gold_n remain_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o calx_fw-la but_o lest_o a_o incalescence_n produce_v by_o such_o a_o calx_fw-la shall_v be_v suppose_v to_o proceed_v from_o saline_a particle_n of_o the_o aq._n fortis_fw-la work_v on_o the_o quicksilver_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o it_o will_v not_o produce_v such_o a_o effect_n on_o common_a quicksilver_n but_o we_o will_v cause_v a_o incalescence_n even_o with_o pure_a leaf-gold_n chap._n fourteen_o new_a experiment_n to_o make_v fire_n and_o flame_n ponderable_a experiment_n i._n a_o thin_a plate_n of_o copper_n be_v place_v in_o a_o crucible_n which_o have_v a_o hole_n on_o purpose_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o this_o crucible_n be_v invert_v into_o another_o which_o contain_v flame_v sulphur_n so_o that_o the_o copperplate_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o flame_n of_o it_o in_o two_o hour_n the_o sulphur_n be_v consume_v the_o copperplate_n be_v manifest_o swell_v and_o though_o its_o weight_n at_o the_o first_o be_v but_o a_o dram_n and_o a_o half_a and_o twenty_o five_o grain_n yet_o it_o become_v thirty_o two_o grain_n heavy_a which_o be_v about_o a_o five_o part_n above_o its_o former_a weight_n experiment_n ii_o refine_a silver_n be_v place_v over_o the_o flame_n of_o sulphur_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o copper_n be_v in_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a weigh_v one_o dram_n five_o grain_n and_o three_o quarter_n its_o weight_n before_o be_v a_o dram_n want_v two_o grain_n whether_o it_o depend_v on_o the_o closeness_n of_o the_o metal_n and_o incongruity_n of_o the_o pore_n that_o silver_n acquire_v not_o proportionable_o so_o great_a a_o weight_n as_o copper_n i_o shall_v leave_v to_o the_o reader_n to_o consider_v but_o from_o these_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o fire_n like_o other_o menstruum_n may_v be_v unite_v with_o the_o body_n it_o work_v upon_o experiment_n iii_o and_o iu_o a_o ounce_n of_o copper_n plate_n be_v keep_v in_o a_o shallow_a crucible_n in_o a_o cuppel_a furnace_n two_o hour_n weight_v thirty_o grain_n more_o than_o before_o but_o a_o ounce_n of_o file_n in_o three_o hour_n time_n be_v cake_v into_o a_o lump_n and_o weigh_v forty_o nine_o grain_n more_o than_o before_o experiment_n v._n calcine_v hartshorn_n and_o a_o ounce_n of_o brick_n be_v two_o hour_n in_o a_o cupel_a furnace_n the_o latter_a neither_o increase_v or_o lose_v of_o its_o weight_n but_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o scale_n by_o imbibeing_n the_o moisture_n of_o the_o air_n in_o a_o little_a time_n cause_v it_o to_o preponderate_a but_o the_o hartshorn_n lose_v near_o eight_o grain_n of_o its_o former_a weight_n which_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o evaporation_n of_o some_o moist_a particle_n of_o the_o air_n because_o by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n a_o while_n it_o increase_v in_o weight_n again_o experiment_n vi_o and_o vii_o a_o ounce_n of_o tin_n be_v calcine_v in_o a_o cupel_n under_o a_o mouffler_n in_o two_o hour_n have_v gain_v a_o dram_n in_o weight_n and_o a_o ounce_n of_o lead_n place_v upon_o a_o cupel_n make_v of_o calcine_v hartshorn_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o litharge_n upon_o it_o and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o cupel_n be_v lose_v in_o the_o fire_n yet_o the_o lead_n and_o it_o weigh_v seven_o grain_n more_o than_o before_o experiment_n viii_o a_o cupel_n make_v of_o ten_o part_n of_o bone-ash_n and_o one_o of_o charcoal-ash_n with_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o ale_n weigh_v about_o two_o ounce_n and_o this_o be_v place_v under_o a_o mouffler_n and_o weigh_v again_o when_o it_o be_v thorough_o hot_a it_o weigh_v two_o grain_n more_o but_o be_v keep_v under_o the_o