a_o second_o cause_n of_o weaken_v and_o dissolve_v a_o state_n be_v certain_a doctrine_n the_o first_o that_o every_o private_a man_n be_v judge_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a action_n g._n l._n judgement_n be_v public_a or_o private_a public_a no_o private_a man_n can_v pass_v private_a he_o may_v and_o that_o both_o of_o his_o own_o action_n and_o other_o too_o the_o act_n of_o other_o be_v private_a or_o public_a of_o both_o these_o he_o may_v judge_v public_a act_n of_o the_o governor_n be_v law_n judgement_n execution_n even_o of_o law_n he_o may_v he_o must_v within_o himself_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v a_o rule_n and_o bind_v he_o inquire_v examine_v and_o determine_v whether_o good_a or_o evil_n otherwise_o he_o can_v perform_v but_o only_o a_o blind_a obedience_n to_o the_o best_a and_o if_o he_o conform_v unto_o the_o unjust_a he_o in_o obey_v man_n disobey_v god_n which_o no_o good_a man_n will_v do_v in_o other_o act_n which_o be_v apparent_o just_a we_o may_v judge_v of_o they_o true_o as_o they_o be_v and_o no_o otherwise_o yet_o this_o must_v not_o be_v do_v to_o palliate_v our_o disobedience_n to_o that_o which_o be_v just_a or_o raise_v sedition_n or_o rebel_n but_o we_o may_v complain_v to_o god_n and_o by_o our_o humble_a prayer_n seek_v redress_v t._n h._n a_o second_o doctrine_n that_o whatsoever_o a_o man_n do_v against_o conscience_n be_v sin_n the_o conscience_n may_v be_v erroneous_a and_o he_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o no_o civil_a law_n sin_n in_o all_o he_o act_n against_o his_o conscience_n yet_o to_o he_o that_o be_v in_o a_o commonwealth_n the_o law_n be_v the_o public_a conscience_n by_o which_o he_o have_v undertake_v to_o be_v guide_v g._n l._n conscience_n be_v a_o man_n knowledge_n of_o his_o own_o act_n as_o agreeable_a or_o disagreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n it_o be_v not_o a_o faculty_n but_o a_o act_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o a_o act_n not_o of_o the_o will_n but_o understanding_n and_o the_o same_o as_o practical_a the_o proper_a act_n be_v knowledge_n the_o object_n be_v his_o own_o act_n and_o these_o act_v not_o any_o way_n but_o as_o agreeable_a or_o disagreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n for_o as_o aquinas_n say_v there_o must_v be_v applicatio_fw-la facti_fw-la ad_fw-la legem_fw-la otherwise_o a_o man_n understanding_n can_v judge_v of_o it_o as_o conformable_a or_o not_o unto_o the_o law_n of_o god_n these_o act_n may_v be_v consider_v as_o to_o be_v do_v or_o do_v in_o the_o former_a respect_n conscience_n bind_v as_o a_o law_n though_o it_o be_v not_o the_o law_n but_o presuppose_v or_o include_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n in_o the_o latter_a respect_n it_o judge_v and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o judge_n of_o himself_o in_o some_o sort_n as_o superior_a to_o himself_o but_o before_o the_o tribunal_n of_o god_n it_o be_v a_o witness_n and_o do_v accuse_v or_o excuse_v the_o great_a question_n so_o much_o vex_v by_o the_o casuist_n be_v whether_o a_o erroneous_a conscience_n do_v bind_v but_o let_v they_o determine_v what_o they_o please_v a_o erroneous_a conscience_n in_o proper_a sense_n be_v no_o conscience_n for_o a_o error_n be_v no_o knowledge_n but_o a_o defect_n of_o knowledge_n or_o rather_o a_o plain_a want_n of_o knowledge_n and_o also_o a_o act_n contrary_a to_o knowledge_n conscience_n be_v a_o knowledge_n in_o proper_a sense_n and_o knowledge_n be_v true_a and_o certain_a and_o it_o be_v a_o knowledge_n of_o a_o man_n own_o act_n or_o act_n as_o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n this_o a_o erroneous_a conscience_n can_v be_v that_o conscience_n be_v such_o a_o knowledge_n be_v make_v evident_a by_o the_o apostle_n say_v that_o when_o the_o gentile_n not_o have_v the_o law_n do_v the_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o law_n they_o have_v not_o the_o law_n be_v a_o law_n unto_o themselves_o who_o show_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n write_v in_o their_o heart_n by_o their_o conscience_n witness_v etc._n etc._n rom._n 12.14_o 15._o where_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o that_o the_o conscience_n can_v not_o witness_v accuse_v or_o excuse_v except_o there_o be_v something_o to_o be_v accuse_v or_o excuse_v 2._o the_o thing_n accuse_v as_o evil_a or_o excuse_v as_o good_a must_v be_v something_o conformable_a or_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n 3._o the_o conscience_n can_v not_o accuse_v or_o excuse_v any_o thing_n as_o good_a or_o evil_n without_o knowledge_n both_o of_o the_o law_n and_o of_o the_o act_n that_o be_v contrary_a or_o consentaneous_a to_o that_o law_n 4._o therefore_o the_o apostle_n before_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o conscience_n affirm_v 1._o that_o they_o do_v the_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o law_n 2._o they_o be_v a_o law_n unto_o themselves_o 3._o that_o they_o do_v by_o their_o conscience_n witness_v prove_v or_o demonstrate_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n that_o be_v the_o work_n which_o the_o law_n do_v command_v write_v in_o their_o heart_n to_o have_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n write_v in_o their_o heart_n be_v to_o have_v a_o certain_a true_a knowledge_n of_o it_o not_o a_o erroneous_a mistake_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o author_n conscience_n in_o proper_a sense_n do_v bind_v yet_o not_o as_o it_o be_v knowledge_n nor_o as_o knowledge_n of_o a_o man_n proper_a act_n nor_o as_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n in_o general_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o law_n know_v as_o a_o rule_n of_o his_o particular_a act_n for_o man_n be_v subject_a unto_o god_n and_o under_o his_o law_n can_v bind_v himself_o and_o be_v his_o own_o lawgiver_n but_o the_o law_n of_o god_n not_o a_o error_n true_o understand_v by_o he_o do_v bind_v he_o but_o let_v the_o erroneous_a judgement_n of_o the_o practical_a understanding_n be_v call_v conscience_n as_o by_o a_o trope_n it_o may_v because_o there_o may_v be_v something_o of_o conscience_n in_o it_o yet_o whether_o can_v it_o bind_v or_o no_o i_o answer_v it_o can_v bind_v for_o a_o error_n of_o the_o understanding_n can_v be_v a_o bind_a rule_n to_o command_v the_o will_n of_o man_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v a_o rule_n at_o all_o again_o a_o erroneous_a judgement_n especial_o practical_a be_v a_o sin_n and_o against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n therefore_o it_o can_v no_o way_n bind_v only_o thus_o far_o most_o casuist_n do_v grant_v that_o by_o it_o a_o man_n be_v so_o far_o bind_v as_o not_o to_o act_v against_o it_o yet_o this_o it_o do_v only_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la for_o per_fw-la se_fw-la he_o be_v bind_v to_o act_v otherwise_o then_o it_o do_v dictate_v for_o because_o god_n have_v make_v a_o man_n reason_n his_o guide_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v much_o deprave_v in_o his_o will_n that_o will_v act_v contrary_a unto_o his_o reason_n and_o he_o that_o will_v not_o scruple_n to_o act_v against_o his_o erroneous_a judgement_n will_v be_v bold_a to_o act_v against_o his_o judgement_n right_o inform_v but_o the_o full_a debate_n of_o this_o i_o refer_v to_o another_o occasion_n and_o these_o thing_n premise_v i_o return_v unto_o mr._n hobbs_n that_o of_o the_o apostle_n whatsoever_o be_v not_o of_o faith_n be_v sin_n and_o therefore_o whosoever_o act_v againt_n say_v and_o conscience_n proper_o so_o take_v sin_v and_o for_o he_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o true_a doctrine_n of_o god_n reveal_v in_o the_o scripture_n shall_v be_v either_o false_a or_o destructive_a of_o eivil_a state_n and_o government_n be_v no_o way_n tolerable_a whereas_o he_o allege_v that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o public_a conscience_n by_o which_o the_o subject_n have_v bind_v himself_o to_o be_v guide_v it_o be_v too_o loose_a and_o fallacious_a if_o examine_v for_o 1._o the_o law_n be_v not_o the_o public_a conscience_n but_o the_o public_a rule_n of_o conscience_n in_o matter_n civil_a 2._o it_o be_v a_o rule_n of_o the_o subject_n obedience_n not_o as_o its_o a_o law_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o as_o it_o be_v agreeable_a and_o not_o contrary_a to_o a_o high_a law_n the_o law_n of_o god_n for_o the_o law_n civil_a do_v not_o immediate_o bind_v the_o conscience_n and_o immortal_a soul_n as_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n have_v no_o power_n to_o punish_v it_o for_o his_o sword_n can_v reach_v that_o spiritual_a substance_n secondary_o and_o by_o consequence_n they_o may_v oblige_v the_o soul_n 3._o no_o subject_n may_v or_o aught_o to_o make_v the_o law_n of_o the_o state_n his_o absolute_a guide_n for_o the_o law_n may_v be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o then_o how_o can_v the_o subject_n undertake_v to_o obey_v it_o and_o make_v it_o his_o rule_n and_o not_o offend_v god_n 4._o every_o subject_n be_v first_o bind_v and_o subject_n unto_o god_n before_o he_o be_v subject_v to_o civil_a power_n and_o be_v first_o
obligativa_fw-la 4._o not_o content_a to_o give_v the_o definition_n he_o explain_v what_o be_v right_a and_o that_o be_v that_o which_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o wrong_v and_o its_o that_o which_o be_v contrary_a but_o what_o he_o mean_v by_o rule_n be_v hard_o to_o know_v if_o he_o mean_v by_o rule_n law_n itself_o than_o its_o absurd_a if_o he_o intend_v some_o antecedent_n rule_v of_o divine_a wisdom_n manifest_v what_o be_v just_a or_o unjust_a before_o a_o civil_a power_n command_v it_o he_o be_v obscure_a though_o he_o undervalue_v the_o philosopher_n so_o much_o as_o far_o below_o he_o though_o he_o be_v far_o above_o he_o he_o may_v with_o marsulis_fw-la of_o milan_n in_o his_o defensor_fw-la pacis_fw-la pars_fw-la 1._o cap._n 10._o have_v observe_v out_o of_o he_o a_o better_a definition_n of_o a_o law_n give_v ethn._n ad_fw-la nicho._n lib._n 10._o cap._n 9_o lex_fw-la est_fw-la sententia_fw-la doctrina_fw-la seu_fw-la judicium_fw-la universale_fw-la justorum_fw-la &_o conferentium_fw-la civilium_fw-la &_o suorum_fw-la oppositorum_fw-la cum_fw-la praecepto_fw-la coactivo_fw-la per_fw-la poenam_fw-la aut_fw-la praemium_fw-la de_fw-la ejus_fw-la observatione_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la saeculo_fw-la destribuenda_fw-la more_o brief_o it_o be_v a_o coactive_a precept_n of_o the_o sovereign_n bind_v the_o subject_n to_o obedience_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o to_o be_v reward_v or_o upon_o disobedience_n to_o be_v punish_v in_o this_o life_n where_o many_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o the_o matter_n of_o this_o law_n be_v something_o in_o itself_o just_a and_o conduce_v to_o the_o public_a good_a yet_o so_o that_o it_o reach_v to_o the_o contrary_n 2._o this_o must_v be_v know_v and_o judge_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o wisdom_n and_o understanding_n of_o the_o sovereign_n for_o all_o law_n arr_o make_v by_o wisdom_n political_n 3._o this_o judgement_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n must_v be_v make_v know_v unto_o the_o subject_n therefore_o the_o philosopher_n say_v its_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o word_n and_o he_o mean_v not_o only_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o word_n not_o only_o inward_o conceive_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o aristotle_n say_v but_o it_o must_v be_v utter_v and_o make_v know_v as_o the_o ten_o commandment_n be_v call_v the_o ten_o word_n therefore_o it_o be_v say_v exodus_fw-la 20._o god_n speak_v all_o these_o word_n 4._o it_o must_v be_v praeceptum_fw-la which_o include_v the_o will_n of_o the_o sovereign_n intend_v to_o bind_v the_o subject_n and_o so_o declare_v himself_o 5._o it_o must_v be_v a_o universal_a precept_n bind_v the_o whole_a community_n of_o the_o subject_n 6._o it_o must_v be_v a_o coactive_a precept_n and_o back_v with_o the_o sword_n for_o to_o make_v the_o obligation_n effectual_a in_o this_o respect_n the_o philosopher_n say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o law_n must_v have_v a_o coactive_a force_n and_o the_o apostle_n say_v he_o bear_v not_o the_o sword_n in_o vain_a which_o word_n imply_v the_o lawgiver_n must_v have_v a_o sword_n 7._o this_o sword_n protect_v and_o reward_v the_o obedient_a who_o observe_v this_o law_n according_a to_o their_o obligation_n and_o it_o punish_v the_o disobedient_a and_o for_o these_o two_o end_n the_o law_n must_v be_v co-active_a and_o arm_v with_o a_o sword_n 8._o these_o reward_n and_o punishment_n be_v to_o be_v confer_v and_o inflict_v in_o this_o life_n for_o it_o can_v reach_v the_o soul_n and_o the_o life_n to_o come_v and_o this_o do_v difference_n the_o civil_a law_n of_o man_n from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o bound_v man_n to_o obedience_n upon_o the_o promise_n of_o spiritual_a and_o eternal_a reward_n and_o for_o defect_n of_o obedience_n unto_o eternal_a and_o spiritual_a penalty_n this_o have_v far_o more_o of_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o law_n than_o he_o and_o more_o full_o declare_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o law_n civil_a yet_o if_o either_o he_o or_o any_o other_o will_v improve_v it_o i_o shall_v like_v it_o well_o for_o i_o know_v my_o own_o imperfection_n from_o his_o definition_n he_o infer_v several_a conclusion_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v t._n h._n the_o legislator_n in_o all_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o sovereign_n again_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o legislator_n by_o the_o representative_a g._n l._n that_o pars_fw-la imperans_fw-la be_v the_o legislator_n in_o every_o state_n must_v needs_o be_v grant_v but_o that_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v be_v the_o legislator_n either_o by_o or_o without_o pars_fw-la imperans_fw-la the_o sovereign_a i_o do_v not_o understand_v for_o it_o consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o sovereign_n and_o the_o subject_n and_o if_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n make_v law_n than_o the_o subject_n as_o well_o as_o the_o sovereign_n be_v legislator_n in_o a_o republic_n or_o free-state_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o sovereign_n and_o the_o subject_n much_o more_o in_o other_o model_n and_o form_n therefore_o he_o must_v needs_o speak_v either_o improper_o or_o untrue_o when_o he_o say_v the_o state_n be_v legislator_n t._n h._n conclusion_n 2._o the_o sovereign_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n because_o he_o have_v power_n to_o make_v and_o repeal_v they_o at_o pleasure_n g._n l._n that_o the_o sovereign_n in_o divers_a respect_n and_o especial_o as_o a_o sovereign_n be_v not_o subject_a unto_o but_o above_o the_o law_n be_v a_o certain_a truth_n for_o law_n do_v bind_v the_o subject_n not_o the_o sovereign_n to_o obey_v or_o be_v punish_v but_o the_o sovereign_n do_v command_v as_o superior_a not_o obey_v as_o inferior_a do_v punish_v be_v not_o punish_v the_o power_n to_o make_v a_o law_n when_o there_o be_v none_o and_o to_o repeal_v after_o that_o it_o be_v make_v be_v sufficient_a evidence_n of_o his_o superiority_n as_o also_o dispensation_n in_o judgement_n and_o pardon_n be_v yet_o this_o supreme_a will_n legislative_a over_o man_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o superior_a will_n of_o god_n and_o must_v neither_o make_v nor_o repeal_v law_n but_o according_a to_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n t._n h._n conclusion_n 3._o custom_n be_v not_o law_n by_o long_a continuance_n of_o time_n but_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o sovereign_n g._n l._n this_o follow_v from_o the_o first_o conclusion_n for_o if_o the_o sovereign_n only_o be_v the_o legislator_n than_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o practice_v of_o the_o people_n though_o universal_a can_v make_v a_o law_n the_o sovereign_n must_v give_v either_o a_o express_a or_o tacit_n consent_n and_o this_o consent_n be_v then_o most_o evident_a when_o he_o make_v the_o custom_n a_o rule_n in_o judgement_n and_o observe_v it_o and_o the_o civilian_n well_o observe_v that_o beside_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o the_o sovereign_n consent_n a_o three_o thing_n be_v require_v and_o that_o be_v that_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o be_v reasonable_a as_o the_o author_n here_o do_v note_n t._n h._n conclusion_n 4._o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o civil_a law_n contain_v each_o other_o and_o be_v of_o equal_a extent_n for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o consist_v in_o equity_n justice_n gratitude_n and_o other_o moral_a virtue_n on_o these_o depend_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o mere_a nature_n be_v not_o proper_o law_n but_o quality_n that_o dispose_v man_n to_o peace_n and_o obedience_n when_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v once_o actual_o settle_v then_o be_v they_o law_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n 1._o this_o be_v no_o conclusion_n from_o the_o definition_n except_o he_o mean_v that_o the_o rule_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o not_o of_o man_n and_o not_o only_a subject_n but_o sovereign_n be_v bind_v by_o they_o 3._o therefore_o they_o bound_v not_o as_o command_v by_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n but_o as_o write_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o heaven_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n neither_o be_v that_o which_o afterward_o he_o make_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o law_n of_o civil_a governor_n any_o difference_n at_o all_o that_o the_o one_o be_v write_v the_o other_o not_o for_o both_o be_v write_v one_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n though_o every_o civil_a law_n be_v not_o write_v and_o the_o other_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n the_o one_o in_o the_o heart_n the_o other_o upon_o some_o other_o material_a substance_n and_o that_o which_o be_v write_v in_o the_o heart_n may_v be_v write_v out_o of_o it_o 4._o equity_n justice_n gratitude_n and_o other_o moral_a virtue_n be_v not_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o either_o habitual_a or_o actual_a conformity_n unto_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 5._o how_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o law_n civil_a shall_v be_v of_o equal_a extent_n and_o yet_o contain_v one_o
a_o examination_n of_o the_o political_a part_n of_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o leviathan_n by_o george_n lawson_n rector_n of_o more_o in_o the_o county_n of_o salop._n london_n print_v by_o r._n white_n for_o francis_n titan_n at_o the_o three_o dagger_n in_o fleetstreet_n near_o the_o inner-temple_n gate_n anno_fw-la dom._n 165â—_n the_o epistle_n to_o the_o reader_n to_o glorify_v god_n and_o benefit_n man_n both_o by_o do_v good_a and_o prevent_v and_o remove_v evil_a shall_v be_v the_o endeavour_n as_o its_o the_o duty_n of_o every_o christian_a in_o his_o station_n upon_o this_o account_n i_o have_v undertake_v this_o examination_n of_o mr._n hobbs_n i_o be_v indeed_o at_o the_o first_o unwilling_a though_o solicit_v to_o do_v any_o such_o thing_n because_o upon_o the_o perusal_n of_o the_o political_a part_n of_o his_o leviathan_n i_o conceive_v that_o as_o little_a good_a be_v to_o be_v expect_v so_o little_a harm_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v from_o that_o book_n yet_o after_o that_o i_o understand_v by_o divers_a learned_a and_o judicious_a friend_n that_o it_o take_v much_o with_o many_o gentleman_n and_o young_a student_n in_o the_o university_n and_o that_o it_o be_v judge_v to_o be_v a_o rational_a piece_n i_o wonder_v for_o though_o i_o know_v the_o distemper_n of_o the_o time_n to_o be_v great_a yet_o by_o this_o i_o find_v it_o to_o be_v far_o great_a than_o i_o former_o suspect_v and_o upon_o which_o consideration_n i_o judge_v it_o profitable_a and_o convenient_a if_o not_o necessary_a to_o say_v something_o to_o the_o gentleman_n and_o do_v so_o after_o that_o i_o have_v communicate_v my_o pain_n unto_o divers_a worthy_a and_o learned_a friend_n they_o press_v i_o to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o print_n of_o they_o which_o i_o do_v if_o they_o after_o serious_a perusal_n shall_v think_v they_o worthy_a the_o press_n they_o be_v at_o length_n approve_v and_o again_o by_o some_o desire_v to_o be_v public_a yet_o by_o other_o think_v too_o brief_a and_o i_o be_v desire_v to_o enlarge_v but_o this_o i_o refuse_v to_o do_v both_o because_o there_o be_v very_o little_a if_o any_o thing_n material_a at_o all_o in_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a politic_n omit_v by_o i_o and_o not_o examine_v and_o also_o because_o i_o have_v former_o finish_v a_o treatise_n of_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a government_n which_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v lose_v by_o some_o negligence_n after_o a_o imprimatur_fw-la be_v put_v upon_o it_o may_v have_v prevent_v and_o make_v void_a the_o political_a part_n of_o mr._n hobbs_n and_o though_o one_o copy_n be_v lose_v yet_o there_o be_v another_o which_o may_v become_v public_a hereafter_o when_o thou_o have_v read_v this_o brief_a examination_n thou_o may_v if_o judicious_a and_o impartial_a easy_o judge_n whether_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o mr._n hobbs_n which_o be_v either_o excellent_a or_o extraordinary_a and_o whether_o there_o be_v not_o many_o thing_n inconsistent_a not_o only_o with_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n but_o with_o the_o rule_n of_o right_a reason_n but_o not_o willing_a to_o prepossess_v thou_o i_o commit_v thou_o to_o god_n and_o remain_v thou_o in_o the_o lord_n geo._n lawson_n ea_fw-la est_fw-la plerumque_fw-la apologiarum_fw-la aut_fw-la vanitas_fw-la aut_fw-la infelicitas_fw-la ut_fw-la injustam_fw-la amoliendo_fw-la censuram_fw-la justam_fw-la ferant_fw-la vel_fw-la nova_fw-la saltem_fw-la apologia_fw-la indigeant_fw-la whereas_o in_o the_o close_a of_o the_o preamble_n to_o this_o examination_n the_o learned_a author_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o his_o ministerial_a call_n apologize_v for_o his_o undertake_n the_o political_a part_n of_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o leviathan_n he_o be_v not_o so_o to_o be_v understand_v as_o if_o he_o look_v upon_o mr._n hobbs_n as_o such_o a_o hercules_n as_o can_v not_o be_v conquer_v by_o less_o than_o two_o a_o statesman_n in_o the_o civil_a and_o a_o churchman_n in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a part_n of_o his_o beastly_a polity_n but_o as_o intend_v at_o first_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o civil_a part_n only_o this_o be_v think_v meet_a by_o a_o friend_n of_o the_o author_n to_o be_v thus_o communicate_v lest_o the_o reader_n shall_v take_v occasion_n to_o grow_v more_o censorious_a than_o he_o ought_v or_o mr._n hobbs_n more_o proud_a than_o he_o be_v t._n g._n cap._n i._o of_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o leviathan_n concern_v the_o cause_n generation_n and_o definition_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n civil_a government_n derive_v its_o be_v from_o heaven_n for_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o god_n government_n over_o mankind_n wherein_o he_o use_v the_o ministry_n of_o angel_n and_o the_o service_n of_o man_n yet_o so_o as_o that_o he_o reserve_v the_o supreme_a and_o universal_a power_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n with_o a_o liberty_n to_o depose_v the_o ruler_n of_o the_o world_n at_o will_n and_o pleasure_n and_o transfer_v the_o government_n of_o one_o nation_n to_o another_o to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o great_a empire_n and_o again_o to_o destroy_v they_o for_o their_o iniquity_n to_o think_v that_o the_o sole_a or_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o civil_a state_n be_v the_o consent_n of_o man_n or_o that_o it_o aim_v at_o no_o further_a end_n than_o peace_n and_o plenty_n be_v too_o mean_v a_o conceit_n of_o so_o noble_a a_o effect_n and_o in_o this_o particular_a i_o can_v excuse_v mr._n hobbs_n who_o in_o the_o modelling_n both_o of_o a_o civil_a and_o also_o of_o a_o ecclesiastical_a commonwealth_n proceed_v upon_o principle_n not_o only_o weak_a but_o also_o false_a and_o dangerous_a and_o for_o this_o reason_n i_o undertake_v he_o this_o shall_v have_v be_v do_v by_o some_o wel-skilled_a in_o political_a learning_n and_o not_o by_o i_o who_o do_v not_o profess_v it_o as_o be_v a_o divine_a and_o one_o of_o the_o mean_a among_o many_o and_o my_o intention_n be_v not_o to_o inform_v my_o better_n who_o know_v the_o vanity_n and_o absurdity_n of_o his_o discourse_n but_o to_o undeceive_v the_o ignorant_a reader_n who_o may_v too_o easy_o be_v surprise_v the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o part_n which_o be_v the_o seventeen_o of_o his_o book_n do_v inform_v we_o first_o that_o the_o end_n of_o civil_a government_n be_v security_n second_o this_o security_n can_v be_v have_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n because_o it_o be_v the_o state_n of_o war_n nor_o by_o a_o weak_a nor_o a_o great_a multitude_n except_o unite_v by_o one_o perpetual_a judgement_n three_o a_o great_a multitude_n be_v thus_o unite_v when_o they_o confer_v all_o their_o power_n and_o strength_n upon_o one_o man_n or_o assembly_n of_o man_n that_o may_v reduce_v all_o their_o will_n by_o plurality_n of_o voice_n to_o one_o will_n etc._n etc._n from_o whence_o arise_v a_o commonwealth_n four_o this_o commonwealth_n be_v define_v and_o distribute_v against_o all_o this_o some_o thing_n may_v be_v except_v for_o first_o that_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o state_n of_o war_n may_v be_v doubt_v if_o not_o deny_v for_o man_n be_v a_o rational_a creature_n and_o if_o he_o act_v according_a to_o his_o nature_n he_o must_v act_v rational_o and_o though_o he_o may_v seek_v to_o preserve_v himself_o and_o that_o sometime_o with_o the_o damage_n or_o destruction_n of_o another_o yet_o he_o can_v may_v not_o do_v this_o unjust_o but_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v two_o the_o first_o love_v thy_o neighbour_n as_o thyself_o the_o second_o do_v as_o thou_o will_v be_v do_v unto_o these_o tend_v direct_o unto_o peace_n not_o unto_o war_n which_o be_v unnatural_a and_o they_o may_v be_v keep_v by_o multitude_n of_o man_n not_o unite_v in_o a_o civil_a state_n or_o under_o a_o form_n of_o government_n and_o this_o be_v evident_a from_o divine_a and_o profane_a history_n for_o family_n and_o vicinity_n which_o have_v no_o dependence_n one_o upon_o another_o and_o also_o state_n both_o by_o confederation_n and_o without_o any_o such_o thing_n have_v live_v peaceable_o together_o when_o the_o apostle_n say_v the_o gentile_n which_o have_v not_o the_o law_n by_o nature_n do_v the_o thing_n contaâ—â—_n in_o the_o law_n he_o do_v not_o mean_a by_o nature_n a_o commonwealth_n or_o form_n of_o government_n civil_a it_o be_v true_a the_o apostle_n bring_v in_o a_o bill_n of_o indictment_n against_o all_o mankind_n and_o accuse_v they_o that_o their_o foot_n be_v swift_a to_o shed_v blood_n destruction_n and_o calamity_n or_o misery_n be_v in_o their_o way_n and_o the_o way_n of_o peace_n they_o have_v not_o know_v rom._n 3.15_o 16_o 17._o yet_o he_o understand_v this_o not_o of_o nature_n but_o the_o corruption_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o party_n here_o accuse_v be_v not_o man_n only_o as_o in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n but_o also_o under_o a_o government_n and_o that_o not_o only_o civil_a but_o ecclesiastical_a
few_o passage_n to_o manifest_v that_o he_o never_o understand_v what_o liberty_n be_v liberty_n of_o subject_n be_v not_o natural_a nor_o moral_a nor_o theological_a but_o political_a and_o civil_a in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o politic_n it_o be_v oppose_v to_o servitude_n and_o bondage_n not_o simple_o and_o mere_o to_o obligation_n by_o law_n as_o he_o fanci_v for_o thus_o he_o write_v t._n h._n so_o man_n have_v also_o make_v artificial_a charm_n call_v civil_a law_n which_o they_o themselves_o by_o mutual_a covenant_n have_v fasten_v at_o one_o end_n to_o the_o lip_n of_o the_o sovereign_n at_o the_o other_o to_o their_o own_o ear_n g._n l._n the_o author_n meaning_n be_v that_o so_o far_o as_o law_n bound_v the_o subject_n so_o far_o they_o take_v away_o his_o liberty_n and_o man_n by_o constitution_n of_o a_o sovereign_n over_o they_o give_v a_o power_n absolute_a to_o make_v law_n and_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v virtual_o subject_a to_o his_o power_n and_o actual_o bind_v by_o his_o law_n they_o can_v be_v free_a yet_o this_o well_o examine_v will_v not_o prove_v true_a for_o not_o any_o kind_n of_o obligation_n take_v it_o away_o for_o then_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n by_o which_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v before_o he_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o civil_a sovereign_n shall_v deprive_v he_o of_o his_o liberty_n yet_o they_o leave_v he_o as_o free_v a_o man_n as_o any_o possible_o in_o a_o free-state_n can_v be_v the_o obligation_n of_o just_a law_n and_o wise_a edict_n do_v regulate_v liberty_n keep_v it_o within_o its_o proper_a bound_n and_o no_o way_n destroy_v it_o or_o take_v it_o away_o therefore_o that_o which_o follow_v be_v questionable_a for_o he_o affirm_v t_o h._n that_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n therefore_o lie_v only_o in_o those_o thing_n which_o in_o regulate_v their_o action_n the_o sovereign_n have_v pretermit_v g._n l._n but_o 1._o in_o thing_n leave_v indifferent_a because_o not_o define_v by_o law_n the_o subject_n be_v not_o only_a libre_fw-la sed_fw-la dominus_fw-la and_o have_v not_o only_a libertatem_fw-la but_o potestatem_fw-la he_o be_v not_o only_o free_a but_o lord_n of_o those_o action_n and_o have_v not_o only_a liberty_n but_o also_o a_o absolute_a power_n 2._o though_o wise_a and_o just_a law_n do_v regulate_v action_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o make_v the_o agent_n a_o slave_n or_o a_o servant_n for_o to_o be_v a_o slave_n or_o a_o servant_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v below_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o man_n and_o make_v he_o subject_a to_o some_o thing_n below_o himself_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n be_v above_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sovereign_n much_o more_o above_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n they_o be_v particle_n of_o the_o divine_a perfection_n and_o to_o be_v bind_v by_o they_o be_v not_o only_o a_o liberty_n but_o a_o honour_n to_o be_v free_a from_o the_o dominion_n of_o our_o own_o base_a lust_n and_o sin_n and_o the_o power_n of_o satan_n be_v true_a liberty_n divine_a and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o lust_n and_o imperious_a unworthy_a command_n of_o absolute_a sovereign_n who_o will_n though_o irrational_a &_o contrary_a to_o justice_n must_v stand_v for_o law_n be_v civil_a liberty_n and_o then_o a_o man_n be_v political_o free_a when_o he_o be_v so_o far_o master_n of_o his_o life_n good_n child_n and_o that_o which_o be_v just_o he_o that_o they_o can_v be_v take_v away_o from_o he_o but_o for_o some_o crime_n contrary_a to_o just_a law_n deserve_v such_o a_o penalty_n in_o a_o word_n the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n be_v such_o a_o state_n or_o condition_n as_o that_o he_o be_v neither_o by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n nor_o any_o law_n bind_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n which_o a_o rational_a and_o just_a man_n will_v not_o willing_o do_v though_o there_o be_v no_o law_n or_o penalty_n civil_a at_o all_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v free_a from_o law_n and_o i_o do_v not_o know_v who_o they_o be_v which_o he_o say_v demand_v any_o such_o thing_n the_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a people_n and_o also_o all_o child_n of_o belial_n desire_v to_o have_v a_o licence_n not_o only_o to_o do_v good_a but_o evil_a too_o as_o they_o please_v and_o they_o judge_v all_o law_n as_o heavy_a burden_n and_o grievous_a yoke_n if_o he_o mean_v that_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n demand_v the_o benefit_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n do_v aim_n at_o any_o such_o extravagant_a liberty_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o slanderer_n of_o his_o own_o fellow-subject_n and_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o english_a liberty_n as_o indeed_o he_o be_v and_o that_o through_o a_o erroneous_a notion_n and_o conceit_n of_o absolute_a power_n civil_a the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v very_o great_a and_o such_o as_o if_o we_o either_o consider_v the_o law_n of_o the_o constitution_n or_o administration_n the_o ordinary_a and_o common_a subject_n of_o other_o nation_n be_v but_o slave_n unto_o they_o our_o freeholders_n have_v the_o choice_n of_o their_o knight_n and_o burgess_n for_o the_o parliament_n so_o that_o neither_o any_o law_n can_v be_v make_v nor_o money_n impose_v upon_o they_o without_o their_o verbal_a consent_n give_v by_o their_o representative_n in_o all_o cause_n civil_a criminal_a capital_a no_o judgement_n can_v pass_v against_o they_o but_o by_o the_o verdict_n of_o a_o jury_n make_v up_o of_o their_o neighbour_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v a_o excellent_a privilege_n the_o civilian_n say_v libertas_n est_fw-la res_fw-la inestimabilis_fw-la and_o to_o be_v redeem_v at_o any_o rate_n much_o more_o the_o english_a liberty_n be_v to_o be_v value_v and_o ever_o be_v by_o our_o ancestor_n who_o obtain_v it_o recover_v it_o keep_v it_o though_o with_o the_o blood_n of_o many_o thousand_o but_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o this_o liberty_n be_v consistent_a with_o the_o sovereign_n power_n his_o opinion_n be_v t._n h._n that_o by_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o sovereign_n power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n be_v neither_o abolish_v nor_o limit_v g._n l._n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o sovereign_n power_n and_o the_o subject_n liberty_n be_v consistent_a for_o the_o sovereign_n may_v take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o his_o subject_n yet_o according_a to_o the_o evidence_n of_o judgement_n agreeable_a to_o law_n no_o otherwise_o yet_o he_o presuppose_v 1._o that_o the_o king_n be_v supreme_a and_o the_o primary_n subject_n owner_n and_o possessor_n of_o the_o original_a power_n which_o sometime_o may_v be_v yet_o with_o we_o its_o far_o otherwise_o 2._o that_o the_o power_n of_o civil_a sovereign_n be_v absolute_a for_o with_o he_o t._n h._n nothing_o the_o sovereign_n representative_a can_v do_v to_o a_o subject_n on_o what_o pretence_n soever_o can_v proper_o be_v call_v injustice_n or_o injury_n because_o every_o subject_n be_v author_n of_o every_o act_n the_o sovereign_n do_v so_o that_o he_o never_o want_v right_a to_o any_o thing_n otherwise_o then_o as_o he_o himself_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o god_n and_o bind_v thereby_o to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n when_o jephtah_n sacrifice_v his_o daughter_n and_o david_n murder_v uriah_n both_o innocent_a yet_o they_o do_v they_o no_o injustice_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n here_o he_o seem_v to_o contradict_v himself_o for_o he_o grant_v two_o thing_n 1._o that_o the_o sovereign_n be_v subject_n to_o god_n 2._o that_o in_o that_o respect_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n yet_o he_o say_v he_o can_v do_v no_o injustice_n to_o the_o subject_n and_o that_o he_o have_v right_a to_o any_o thing_n yet_o so_o as_o he_o be_v limit_v by_o subjection_n to_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 1._o if_o he_o be_v god_n subject_n as_o certain_o he_o be_v it_o follow_v 1._o that_o in_o that_o respect_n he_o be_v but_o trust_v as_o a_o servant_n with_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o power_n civil_a 2._o that_o he_o be_v fellow-subject_n with_o his_o subject_n 3._o he_o may_v do_v injustice_n as_o one_o fellow_n subject_n may_v wrong_v another_o second_o if_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n then_o 1._o he_o be_v not_o absolute_a or_o solutus_fw-la legibus_fw-la his_o power_n be_v limit_v and_o bound_v by_o these_o law_n 2._o then_o he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o murder_v oppress_v and_o destroy_v his_o innocent_a subject_n who_o be_v more_o god_n than_o he_o and_o only_o trust_v by_o god_n in_o his_o hand_n for_o to_o be_v protect_v right_v in_o all_o just_a cause_n and_o vindicate_v from_o all_o wrong_n 3._o no_o prince_n or_o sovereign_n can_v assume_v or_o any_o people_n give_v to_o any_o person_n or_o person_n any_o the_o least_o power_n above_o or_o contrary_a unto_o the_o
law_n of_o nature_n these_o law_n be_v the_o moral_a precept_n of_o eternal_a justice_n and_o equity_n from_o which_o all_o civil_a law_n have_v their_o rise_n and_o be_v either_o conclusion_n draw_v from_o they_o or_o certain_a rule_n tend_v to_o the_o better_a observation_n of_o they_o which_o thing_n well_o consider_v do_v make_v it_o very_o evident_a how_o little_a the_o power_n of_o civil_a lord_n and_o prince_n must_v needs_o be_v in_o some_o few_o indifferent_a thing_n they_o may_v be_v absolute_a have_v arbitrary_a power_n and_o be_v in_o some_o respect_n above_o those_o constitutive_a law_n which_o they_o themselves_o enact_v his_o instance_n in_o jephtah_n give_v they_o power_n above_o and_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n yet_o who_o will_v grant_v he_o that_o jephtah_n sacrifice_v his_o daughter_n the_o text_n will_v not_o evince_v it_o for_o it_o only_o say_v that_o whatsoever_o come_v forth_o of_o my_o door_n to_o meet_v i_o etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v the_o lord_n or_o i_o will_v offer_v it_o up_o for_o a_o burnt-offering_a judge_n 11.31_o for_o the_o particle_n 〈◊〉_d vaughan_n turn_v by_o some_o copulative_o for_o be_v be_v here_o as_o in_o many_o other_o place_n dis-junctive_a and_o signify_v for_o again_o if_o jephtah_n do_v sacrifice_v she_o he_o sin_v not_o only_o against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o also_o the_o write_a law_n of_o moses_n for_o god_n give_v no_o command_n permission_n or_o toleration_n to_o any_o that_o we_o read_v of_o but_o only_o to_o abraham_n to_o sacrifice_v with_o humane_a blood_n and_o that_o commandment_n be_v but_o to_o try_v he_o for_o he_o will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n beside_o god_n threaten_v ruin_n and_o destruction_n to_o such_o as_o do_v offer_v their_o child_n to_o moloch_n and_o shed_v their_o blood_n and_o their_o sin_n be_v not_o only_o because_o they_o offer_v they_o to_o idol_n and_o devil_n but_o also_o because_o they_o shed_v innocent_a blood_n without_o any_o warrant_n or_o commission_n from_o god_n the_o only_a supreme_a and_o absolute_a lord_n of_o life_n further_o how_o can_v the_o vow_n of_o man_n which_o be_v but_o a_o voluntary_a obligation_n be_v above_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o make_v that_o lawful_a which_o by_o a_o superior_a law_n be_v unlawful_a i_o very_o believe_v she_o be_v devote_v only_o not_o sacrifice_v but_o suppose_v he_o do_v sacrifice_v she_o to_o god_n to_o who_o he_o have_v vow_v she_o yet_o he_o do_v not_o this_o as_o a_o sovereign_n of_o her_o life_n but_o as_o a_o subject_n to_o god_n the_o example_n of_o david_n murder_v vriah_n can_v much_o less_o prove_v the_o absolute_a power_n of_o sovereign_n to_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o their_o innocent_a subject_n for_o david_n have_v no_o such_o power_n for_o 1._o he_o be_v no_o absolute_a prince_n but_o limit_v both_o by_o the_o write_a law_n of_o god_n and_o also_o the_o natural_a 2._o neither_o he_o nor_o any_o other_o can_v have_v any_o such_o power_n because_o man_n can_v god_n do_v not_o give_v any_o such_o power_n 3._o david_n do_v not_o only_a iniquity_n but_o injustice_n to_o vriah_n 1._o as_o his_o fellow-subject_n in_o respect_n of_o god_n 2._o as_o his_o own_o subject_n who_o he_o be_v bind_v as_o innocent_a to_o protect_v not_o to_o destroy_v 4._o his_o proof_n out_o of_o psal_n 51.4_o against_o thou_o only_o be_v invalid_a for_o 1._o though_o it_o be_v so_o translate_v by_o some_o and_o so_o understand_v by_o ambrose_n and_o other_o who_o follow_v he_o yet_o neither_o that_o translation_n nor_o the_o interpretation_n thereon_o can_v be_v evince_v either_o out_o of_o the_o original_a or_o the_o septuagint_n or_o the_o vulgar_a or_o junius_n or_o vatablus_n 2._o genebrard_n vatablus_n junius_n ainsworth_n and_o other_o understand_v it_o that_o god_n only_o be_v privy_a to_o and_o know_v of_o this_o sin_n and_o the_o word_n follow_v and_o do_v this_o evil_n in_o thy_o sight_n seem_v to_o confirm_v this_o sense_n 5._o yet_o suppose_v it_o shall_v be_v turn_v against_o thou_o only_o yet_o other_o interpret_v only_a to_o be_v principal_o as_o supreme_a lawgiver_n and_o judge_n not_o only_o to_o i_o but_o all_o other_o who_o only_o have_v the_o original_a power_n of_o punish_v and_o pardon_v not_o only_o i_o but_o other_o and_o that_o not_o only_o temporal_o but_o spiritual_o and_o eternal_o yet_o the_o exposition_n of_o ambrose_n be_v take_v up_o because_o prince_n desire_v it_o to_o be_v so_o absolute_a and_o both_o divine_n and_o other_o man_n be_v very_o ready_a to_o slatter_v such_o as_o be_v in_o present_a possession_n of_o power_n but_o to_o make_v the_o point_n more_o evident_a let_v i_o digress_v a_o little_a and_o search_v out_o the_o reason_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n as_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o civil_a sovereign_n to_o this_o end_n observe_v that_o no_o man_n have_v absolute_a power_n of_o his_o own_o life_n as_o he_o have_v of_o his_o good_n man_n may_v have_v the_o use_n and_o possession_n but_o not_o the_o propriety_n and_o dominion_n of_o it_o therefore_o it_o be_v grant_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o though_o a_o man_n life_n be_v say_v to_o be_v his_o own_o yet_o he_o may_v not_o be_v felo_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la and_o kill_v himself_o he_o be_v not_o master_n of_o his_o life_n so_o far_o as_o to_o have_v any_o power_n or_o liberty_n to_o do_v any_o such_o thing_n it_o be_v true_a that_o god_n who_o be_v lord_n of_o life_n and_o death_n give_v liberty_n to_o man_n in_o some_o case_n to_o hazard_v in_o some_o he_o command_v to_o lay_v down_o his_o life_n he_o may_v hazard_v it_o in_o a_o just_a war_n and_o defence_n of_o his_o own_o country_n and_o also_o of_o himself_o against_o a_o unjust_a invader_n he_o must_v lay_v down_o his_o life_n and_o god_n command_v it_o for_o the_o testimony_n of_o christ_n in_o which_o case_n he_o that_o lose_v it_o shall_v find_v it_o from_o all_o this_o it_o follow_v that_o no_o people_n can_v by_o make_v a_o sovereign_n give_v any_o absolute_a power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n unto_o he_o for_o nothing_o can_v give_v that_o which_o it_o have_v not_o neither_o can_v they_o make_v themselves_o author_n of_o the_o unjust_a act_n of_o their_o sovereign_n much_o less_o of_o his_o murder_n and_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o their_o innocent_a subject_n id_fw-la enim_fw-la cuique_fw-la potest_fw-la quod_fw-la jure_fw-la potest_fw-la if_o thus_o it_o be_v than_o they_o must_v have_v power_n to_o take_v away_o life_n from_o god_n who_o alone_o have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o this_o power_n he_o only_o give_v in_o case_n the_o subject_n be_v guilty_a of_o such_o crime_n as_o by_o his_o law_n be_v capital_a t._n h._n pag._n 110._o in_o the_o margin_n the_o liberty_n which_o writer_n praise_v be_v the_o liberty_n of_o sovereign_n not_o of_o private_a man_n g._n l._n by_o writer_n he_o mean_v the_o roman_a and_o greek_a historian_n and_o philosopher_n who_o write_v so_o much_o of_o liberty_n among_o the_o rest_n especial_o aristotle_n and_o cicero_n by_o this_o it_o seem_v he_o never_o understand_v these_o author_n though_o he_o accuse_v other_o of_o ignorance_n the_o liberty_n which_o the_o english_a have_v challenge_v and_o obtain_v with_o so_o much_o expense_n of_o blood_n be_v not_o the_o power_n of_o king_n much_o less_o of_o absolute_a sovereign_n as_o he_o will_v make_v the_o world_n believe_v but_o that_o which_o be_v due_a unto_o we_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o state_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o law_n and_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n it_o be_v but_o the_o liberty_n of_o subject_n not_o sovereign_n when_o he_o have_v say_v all_o he_o can_v we_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o be_v slave_n or_o subject_v ourselves_o to_o king_n as_o absolute_a lord_n neither_o be_v we_o willing_a that_o either_o flatter_a divine_n court-parasite_n or_o unjust_a minister_n of_o state_n shall_v wind_v up_o the_o pretend_a prerogative_n so_o high_a as_o to_o subject_v our_o life_n and_o estate_n and_o also_o our_o religion_n to_o the_o arbitrary_a absolute_a and_o unreasonable_a will_n of_o one_o man_n who_o they_o do_v desire_v to_o advance_v so_o much_o for_o their_o own_o interest_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o subject_n liberty_n whereby_o in_o many_o thing_n he_o may_v command_v himself_o and_o supreme_a power_n which_o command_v other_o under_o their_o supremacy_n by_o liberty_n aristotle_n &_o cicero_n mean_v such_o a_o privilege_n as_o every_o subject_n may_v have_v in_o a_o free-state_n not_o that_o sovereignty_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o whole_a and_o universal_a body_n over_o several_a person_n where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n who_o be_v a_o subject_n and_o at_o the_o best_a but_o a_o magistrate_n