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beache_n or_o shingle_a or_o sand_n or_o stone_n that_o shall_v be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o coss_n to_o and_o fro_o of_o the_o bellows_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o shall_v lie_v there_o and_o defend_v the_o foot_n of_o the_o sand_n cliff_n as_o by_o experience_n we_o may_v see_v in_o a_o number_n of_o place_n by_o the_o sea_n coast_n and_o then_o do_v we_o be_v away_o a_o other_o cliff_n in_o some_o other_o place_n of_o the_o sea_n coast_n for_o it_o happen_v many_o time_n in_o sundry_a age_n that_o at_o one_o time_n one_o place_n do_v be_v away_o and_o a_o other_o do_v increase_v again_o and_o in_o a_o other_o age_n again_o that_o which_o do_v increase_v shall_v wear_v away_o and_o the_o other_o shall_v stay_v or_o perhaps_o increase_v again_o by_o the_o mean_n there_o be_v some_o head_n land_n or_o naase_v without_o that_o which_o do_v break_v away_o the_o fret_a or_o grate_v of_o the_o tide_n for_o many_o time_n it_o happen_v upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n through_o some_o 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in_o other_o year_n in_o the_o north_n quarter_n of_o the_o world_n etc._n etc._n by_o which_o mean_v it_o fret_v at_o one_o time_n away_o the_o substance_n or_o stuff_n from_o one_o place_n and_o then_o the_o bellows_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v drive_v or_o force_v it_o to_o land_n in_o a_o other_o place_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v for_o a_o certain_a time_n until_o such_o time_n that_o the_o great_a wind_n or_o storm_n do_v blow_n in_o a_o contrary_a quarter_n of_o the_o world_n and_o then_o the_o stuff_n or_o subtaunce_n be_v beat_v by_o the_o bellows_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o dryven_v and_o
thither_o perspective_n &_o what_o length_n the_o day_n be_v of_o when_o he_o be_v theâ—e_n as_o i_o have_v know_v a_o great_a number_n of_o person_n that_o have_v travayl_v unto_o sundry_a place_n &_o when_o they_o have_v come_v home_o they_o have_v have_v no_o judgement_n at_o all_o as_o touch_v that_o place_n that_o they_o have_v travayl_v unto_o for_o that_o they_o have_v not_o know_v unto_o what_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n the_o place_n be_v that_o they_o have_v be_v at_o neither_o in_o respect_n what_o the_o distance_n be_v thither_o and_o these_o matter_n be_v show_v in_o the_o second_o book_n and_o also_o it_o be_v not_o hurtful_a cosmographia_fw-la but_o necessary_a for_o a_o travayler_n to_o know_v how_o to_o measure_v all_o manner_n of_o superficalles_n as_o land_n pavemente_n board_n and_o glass_n and_o solid_a body_n as_o timber_n and_o stone_n and_o the_o burden_n or_o tonnage_n of_o ship_n and_o the_o bigness_n of_o any_o thing_n and_o furthermore_o it_o be_v 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unlearned_a and_o therefore_o it_o shall_v not_o dislike_v i_o if_o any_o learned_a man_n do_v find_v any_o fault_n therein_o for_o i_o be_v simple_a and_o unlearned_a it_o be_v no_o discredit_n for_o i_o either_o to_o be_v teach_v or_o to_o have_v the_o fault_n show_v unto_o i_o for_o by_o that_o mean_v i_o may_v refourme_v the_o fault_n either_o by_o they_o or_o myself_o and_o furthermore_o i_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o make_v any_o book_n to_o teach_v they_o that_o be_v cunning_a &_o learned_a but_o the_o only_a cause_n of_o my_o writing_n of_o this_o book_n be_v to_o instruct_v or_o teach_v they_o that_o be_v simple_a and_o unlearned_a and_o therefore_o notwithstanding_o i_o shall_v the_o better_o like_o of_o it_o unlearned_a if_o any_o learned_a man_n shall_v write_v or_o set_v out_o any_o book_n as_o touch_v these_o cause_n to_o refourme_v this_o and_o my_o opinion_n be_v this_o if_o that_o any_o book_n be_v set_v forth_o unto_o the_o common_a people_n in_o the_o world_n that_o then_o it_o be_v to_o the_o end_n to_o teach_v the_o symple_a sort_n of_o people_n that_o be_v not_o instruct_v in_o learned_a cause_n but_o if_o that_o it_o be_v any_o high_a point_n in_o learned_a cause_n than_o it_o be_v not_o for_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o people_n but_o to_o be_v in_o learned_a man_n library_n and_o therefore_o as_o it_o be_v not_o write_v by_o a_o learned_a man_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n you_o must_v not_o look_v for_o fine_a or_o eloquent_a school_n term_n but_o even_o to_o take_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o matter_n rude_o as_o it_o be_v and_o more_o to_o regard_v the_o necessarinesse_n of_o the_o matter_n whether_o it_o may_v do_v any_o good_a in_o the_o common_a wealth_n etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o my_o opinion_n be_v this_o that_o no_o person_n be_v to_o be_v dislike_v of_o that_o do_v his_o good_a will_n and_o endeavour_n good_a to_o do_v good_a in_o the_o common_a wealth_n howesoever_o that_o it_o proove_v but_o those_o person_n be_v utter_o to_o be_v dyslyke_v of_o that_o do_v hurt_v willing_o in_o the_o common_a wealth_n as_o extortioner_n and_o usurer_n and_o convayer_n of_o corn_n and_o vitayle_n and_o other_o necessary_n and_o commodity_n that_o his_o country_n do_v lack_v or_o have_v need_n of_o and_o all_o those_o person_n be_v not_o to_o be_v think_v well_o of_o dislyke_v that_o do_v desire_v to_o live_v easy_o abuse_v the_o good_a benefyte_n that_o god_n do_v bless_v the_o earth_n with_o as_o all_o licentious_a lyver_n as_o drunkard_n banketter_n whore_n and_o whooremayster_n and_o such_o as_o do_v use_v a_o excess_n in_o apparel_n much_o above_o their_o degree_n and_o also_o those_o people_n be_v to_o be_v abhor_v of_o all_o man_n who_o do_v annoy_v the_o earth_n that_o use_v quarrel_v and_o fight_a rob_a and_o steal_v care_v not_o how_o they_o come_v by_o it_o so_o that_o they_o may_v have_v it_o with_o which_o this_o our_o country_n of_o england_n flow_v at_o this_o day_n the_o more_o be_v the_o pity_n for_o what_o wickedness_n be_v there_o that_o can_v be_v devyse_v but_o that_o it_o be_v use_v here_o in_o england_n among_o all_o degree_n which_o must_v needs_o procure_v the_o wrath_n of_o god_n to_o light_v upon_o us._n and_o there_o be_v as_o great_a abuse_n amongst_o the_o clergy_n which_o shall_v be_v as_o lantern_n to_o geve_v we_o light_v to_o lead_v we_o unto_o virtue_n england_n but_o now_o in_o these_o day_n they_o be_v as_o lantern_n to_o lead_v we_o unto_o vice_n so_o that_o all_o degree_n of_o people_n be_v give_v unto_o wickedness_n although_o that_o we_o have_v the_o gospel_n of_o jesus_n christ_n preach_v daily_o unto_o we_o yet_o wickedness_n do_v abound_v for_o what_o sin_n or_o wickedness_n be_v there_o but_o that_o it_o be_v suffer_v and_o use_v as_o wichcraft_n and_o sorcery_n and_o magical_a enchantment_n and_o counger_v which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o most_o abominable_a dishonour_n of_o god_n that_o may_v be_v for_o in_o their_o magical_a enchantment_n and_o counger_a god_n do_v they_o not_o observe_v hour_n in_o the_o make_n of_o carecter_n &_o set_v up_o picktur_n of_o the_o rood_n and_o agnus_n dei_fw-la and_o the_o doom_n and_o a_o number_n of_o such_o other_o picktur_n paint_a and_o gild_a upon_o virgin_n parchment_n as_o they_o call_v it_o and_o then_o in_o like_a manner_n their_o cirkle_n must_v be_v perfume_v &_o inbalm_v with_o sweet_a odour_n and_o they_o must_v have_v a_o knave_n priest_n make_v by_o the_o pope_n law_n to_o hallowe_a a_o certain_a portion_n with_o a_o number_n of_o such_o vain_a ceremony_n and_o when_o that_o they_o have_v the_o devil_n who_o they_o do_v serve_v &_o do_v geve_v he_o in_o some_o case_n some_o thing_n for_o a_o sacrifice_n and_o when_o that_o they_o do_v geve_v the_o devil_n a_o charge_n to_o tell_v they_o any_o question_n that_o they_o will_v know_v then_o be_v use_v a_o number_n of_o superstitious_a word_n as_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o virginity_n of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n and_o the_o head_n of_o john_n baptist_n and_o a_o number_n of_o vain_a saint_n more_o beside_o a_o number_n of_o such_o detestable_a ceremony_n to_o the_o great_a dishonour_n of_o god_n etc._n etc._n and_o who_o be_v the_o cause_n and_o the_o procurement_n of_o these_o most_o odious_a and_o detestable_a matter_n but_o a_o number_n of_o vain_a &_o wicked_a people_n yea_o some_o of_o they_o be_v of_o no_o small_a wealth_n nor_o calling_n that_o do_v procure_v these_o matter_n for_o if_o that_o they_o have_v lose_v any_o thing_n they_o they_o must_v repair_v unto_o a_o conjurer_n to_o know_v where_o that_o be_v again_o and_o furthermore_o there_o be_v some_o vain_a &_o foolish_a gentleman_n which_o seek_v to_o live_v pleasant_o and_o idle_o that_o must_v
dystance_n that_o be_v .24_o foot_n whether_o that_o it_o be_v any_o mark_n upon_o a_o hill_n or_o valley_n or_o the_o height_n of_o any_o tower_n or_o steeple_n etc._n etc._n if_o that_o it_o be_v .2_o degree_n high_a or_o low_o than_o the_o mark_n shall_v be_v high_o or_o low_a than_o the_o ground_n that_o you_o do_v stand_v upon_o by_o the_o .30_o part_n of_o the_o distance_n and_o the_o distance_n be_v .28_o score_n the_o mark_n shall_v be_v high_a or_o low_a by_o .48_o foot_n and_o furthermore_o if_o that_o the_o mark_v be_v high_a or_o low_a by_o 3._o degree_n than_o the_o thing_n shall_v be_v high_o or_o low_a than_o the_o ground_n that_o you_o do_v stand_v upon_o by_o the_o .20_o part_n of_o the_o distance_n that_o be_v .72_o foot_n and_o furthermore_o if_o that_o the_o mark_v be_v high_a or_o low_a by_o .4_o degree_n than_o the_o thing_n shall_v be_v high_o or_o low_a by_o the_o .5_o part_n of_o the_o dystance_n that_o be_v .96_o foot_n and_o further_o more_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v high_a or_o low_a by_o .5_o degree_n than_o the_o thing_n so_o take_v shall_v be_v high_a or_o low_a than_o the_o ground_n that_o you_o stand_v upon_o by_o the_o .12_o part_n of_o the_o distance_n that_o be_v .120_o foot_n etc._n etc._n and_o furthermore_o by_o this_o mean_n or_o order_n you_o may_v know_v the_o distance_n unto_o any_o ship_n upon_o the_o sea_n or_o ride_v in_o any_o haven_n or_o harborowe_n you_o know_v the_o height_n of_o any_o tower_n or_o clyffe_n or_o any_o hill_n upon_o the_o sea_n coste_n how_o many_o foot_n that_o be_v high_a than_o the_o water_n and_o you_o may_v know_v it_o either_o by_o the_o part_n of_o the_o skall_fw-mi or_o else_o by_o the_o degree_n as_o for_o a_o ensample_n the_o tower_n or_o hil_n or_o clyffe_n to_o be_v .60_o foot_n high_o than_o the_o superficial_a of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o .60_o foot_n be_v one_o score_n water_n and_o if_o you_o do_v se_fw-mi the_o ship_n at_o one_o degree_n low_o than_o the_o horizon_n than_o it_o shall_v be_v .60_o score_n unto_o the_o ship_n and_o if_o at_o .2_o degree_n than_o it_o shall_v be_v .30_o score_n unto_o the_o ship_n if_o at_o .3_o degree_n than_o it_o shall_v be_v .20_o score_n unto_o the_o ship_n if_o at_o .4_o degree_n than_o it_o shall_v be_v .15_o score_n unto_o the_o ship_n if_o .5_o degree_n than_o it_o shall_v be_v .12_o score_n unto_o the_o ship_n if_o .6_o degree_n than_o it_o shall_v be_v .10_o score_n unto_o the_o ship_n but_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v near_o the_o degree_n will_v serve_v no_o turn_n but_o will_v be_v erroneous_a wherefore_o you_o must_v use_v the_o part_n of_o the_o scall_a as_o .5_o degree_n and_o the_o part_n one_o be_v all_o of_o like_a dystance_n for_o the_o hyght_n of_o the_o tower_n clyffe_n or_o hill_n be_v .60_o foot_n in_o hyght_n above_o the_o ship_n that_o be_v just_a one_o score_n at_o .5_o degree_n the_o dystance_n unto_o the_o ship_n be_v .12_o score_n and_o also_o at_o the_o part_n one_o the_o distance_n be_v .12_o score_n in_o like_a manner_n etc._n etc._n and_o at_o the_o part_n .2_o the_o dystance_n unto_o the_o ship_n be_v .6_o score_n and_o at_o the_o part_n .3_o the_o dystance_n unto_o the_o ship_n shall_v be_v .4_o score_n and_o at_o the_o part_n .6_o but_o .2_o score_n and_o at_o the_o part_n .12_o the_o dystance_n from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o clyffe_n or_o tower_n unto_o the_o ship_n shall_v be_v but_o one_o score_n that_o be_v just_a the_o height_n of_o the_o tower_n or_o clyffe_n etc._n etc._n furthermore_o you_o may_v know_v if_o that_o you_o be_v on_o the_o sea_n whither_o that_o one_o ship_n be_v hygh_a or_o low_a of_o board_n how_o than_o the_o other_o ship_n and_o how_o much_o and_o also_o whither_o the_o one_o ship_n do_v overtoppe_v the_o other_o ship_n you_o may_v know_v how_o much_o so_o that_o she_o be_v not_o above_o a_o mile_n from_o you_o as_o this_o by_o the_o line_n of_o the_o horizon_n lack_fw-mi what_o place_n so_o ever_o that_o you_o do_v see_v just_a with_o the_o horizon_n be_v equal_a in_o height_n with_o your_o eye_n neither_o high_a nor_o low_o whither_o that_o you_o be_v one_o the_o sea_n or_o upon_o the_o land_n and_o then_o you_o be_v in_o a_o ship_n on_o the_o sea_n and_o you_o do_v desire_n for_o too_o know_v whither_o that_o the_o other_o ship_n be_v high_a or_o low_a of_o board_n than_o that_o ship_n that_o you_o be_v in_o then_o look_v upon_o the_o other_o shpppe_n at_o what_o place_n that_o the_o horizon_n quote_v and_o if_o you_o do_v see_v the_o horizon_n over_o the_o other_o ship_n than_o your_o ship_n be_v high_a of_o board_n than_o the_o other_o ship_n and_o if_o that_o you_o will_v know_v how_o much_o then_o go_v too_o a_o low_a place_n in_o your_o own_o ship_n until_o such_o time_n that_o you_o do_v see_v the_o horizon_n just_a with_o that_o part_n that_o you_o do_v desire_v to_o know_v the_o height_n of_o and_o then_o stand_v still_o look_v what_o part_n of_o your_o own_o ship_n that_o the_o horizon_n quoat_v that_o part_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v just_a equal_a with_o the_o other_o ship_n neither_o high_a nor_o low_o then_o to_o know_v whether_o that_o the_o other_o ship_n top_n of_o her_o mast_n be_v high_a or_o low_a than_o your_o ship_n then_o go_v up_o or_o send_v one_o to_o the_o top_n and_o if_o that_o the_o other_o ship_n top_n be_v high_a than_o the_o horizon_n than_o the_o other_o ship_n top_n be_v high_a by_o so_o much_o as_o you_o do_v see_v above_o the_o horizon_n but_o if_o that_o you_o do_v see_v the_o horizon_n over_o the_o top_n of_o the_o other_o ship_n than_o your_o ship_n be_v the_o high_a and_o then_o to_o know_v how_o much_o come_v down_o low_o untyll_o you_o do_v bring_v the_o other_o ship_n top_n unto_o the_o horizon_n then_o at_o the_o just_a height_n of_o your_o eye_n be_v the_o true_a height_n of_o the_o other_o ship_n top_n neither_o high_a nor_o low_o and_o then_o look_v how_o much_o it_o be_v high_a than_o your_o eye_n unto_o the_o top_n so_o much_o your_o top_n be_v high_a than_o the_o other_o ship_n top_n etc._n etc._n and_o also_o you_o be_v on_o the_o land_n you_o may_v know_v whether_o one_o ship_n be_v high_a of_o board_n then_o the_o other_o and_o also_o whether_o the_o one_o ship_n do_v overtop_v the_o other_o ship_n as_o this_o by_o the_o quote_v of_o the_o horizon_n upon_o both_o the_o ship_n as_o this_o if_o you_o be_v either_o in_o a_o tower_n or_o any_o high_a house_n near_o the_o sea_n coast_n or_o else_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o any_o hill_n either_o then_o if_o that_o you_o desire_v for_o to_o know_v which_o of_o the_o shyppe_n be_v the_o high_a of_o board_n or_o else_o the_o hygh_a top_v then_o ascend_v or_o descend_v until_o that_o you_o do_v see_v the_o horizon_n just_a with_o the_o hygh_a part_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o then_o look_v upon_o the_o other_o ship_n and_o then_o if_o that_o the_o other_o ship_n be_v hygh_a than_o the_o horizon_n than_o that_o ship_n be_v so_o much_o hygh_a of_o board_n from_o the_o quote_n of_o the_o horizon_n upward_o and_o then_o if_o that_o you_o will_v know_v how_o many_o foot_n then_o ascend_v upward_o until_o that_o you_o do_v see_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o ship_n just_a with_o the_o horizon_n then_o look_v how_o many_o foot_n and_o ynche_n that_o you_o be_v hygh_a than_o you_o be_v before_o and_o so_o many_o foot_n the_o ship_n be_v high_a than_o the_o other_o ship_n just_a other_o and_o by_o this_o order_n you_o may_v know_v how_o much_o one_o ship_n be_v high_a top_v than_o the_o other_o and_o by_o this_o order_n you_o may_v know_v whether_o one_o tower_n be_v high_a than_o another_o or_o one_o house_n high_o than_o a_o other_o and_o also_o whether_o that_o one_o hill_n be_v high_a than_o another_o etc._n etc._n and_o furthermore_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o do_v know_v whether_o that_o one_o ship_n do_v overtop_v the_o other_o than_o you_o may_v know_v how_o many_o foot_n it_o be_v from_o the_o top_n of_o any_o ship_n unto_o the_o water_n by_o the_o height_n of_o your_o own_o ship_n top_n and_o the_o height_n be_v know_v than_o you_o may_v know_v the_o distance_n unto_o any_o ship_n sail_v on_o the_o sea_n so_o that_o she_o be_v not_o too_o far_o of_o by_o the_o part_n of_o the_o skal_n and_o also_o by_o the_o degree_n as_o before_o be_v rehearse_v go_v so_o low_o as_o you_o can_v in_o your_o own_o ship_n and_o then_o to_o consider_v how_o much_o that_o you_o be_v above_o the_o water_n etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o i_o do_v end_v the_o conclusion_n
the_o sun_n declination_n in_o all_o point_n and_o then_o if_o that_o they_o be_v northern_a star_n you_o muâ—t_v know_v the_o distance_n from_o the_o pole_n and_o then_o if_o that_o the_o star_n be_v above_o the_o pole_n than_o you_o must_v pull_v that_o sum_n away_o with_o degree_n and_o minute_n and_o if_o the_o star_n at_o the_o time_n of_o your_o take_n of_o they_o be_v under_o the_o north_n pole_n then_o put_v to_o that_o which_o be_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o star_n from_o the_o pole_n unto_o the_o height_n of_o the_o star_n and_o that_o in_o like_a manner_n shall_v show_v unto_o you_o the_o true_a height_n of_o the_o north_n pole_n arctic_a above_o the_o horizon_n and_o then_o in_o the_o margin_n of_o the_o map_n of_o the_o east_n side_n and_o of_o the_o west_n side_n you_o may_v write_v the_o latitude_n direct_o in_o that_o east_n and_o west_n line_n of_o that_o place_n which_o you_o have_v observe_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o north_n pole_n and_o then_o that_o be_v true_o know_v you_o may_v know_v the_o true_a latitude_n of_o all_o the_o town_n in_o a_o whole_a country_n or_o region_n know_v the_o distance_n to_o every_o town_n or_o place_n as_o thus_o every_o .60_o miles_n go_v direct_o south_n and_o north_n do_v answer_n unto_o one_o degree_n and_o then_o further_o if_o that_o you_o will_v place_v the_o longitude_n and_o that_o you_o can_v get_v without_o a_o globe_n or_o else_o a_o card_n cosmographye_n or_o else_o you_o must_v follow_v some_o author_n who_o have_v write_v thereof_o and_o because_o you_o can_v get_v the_o longitude_n with_o no_o instrument_n for_o that_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o the_o firmament_n with_o all_o the_o light_n thereof_o be_v carry_v round_o about_o in_o 24._o hour_n so_o that_o there_o remain_v no_o mark_n nor_o light_v that_o stand_v still_o but_o only_o the_o two_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n therefore_o i_o will_v show_v unto_o you_o how_o that_o you_o may_v get_v the_o longitude_n with_o a_o globe_n or_o card_n cosmographye_n so_o that_o it_o be_v true_o place_v in_o it_o longitude_n first_o you_o must_v measure_v the_o longitude_n from_o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o canary_n land_n or_o other_o wise_a call_v the_o fortunate_a land_n and_o so_o take_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n from_o that_o place_n unto_o any_o other_o that_o have_v that_o same_o meridian_n that_o your_o town_n or_o place_n have_v and_o that_o shall_v be_v the_o number_n of_o the_o degree_n for_o your_o place_n and_o then_o you_o have_v one_o place_n true_a you_o may_v find_v the_o just_a longitude_n in_o a_o whole_a region_n or_o country_n but_o there_o be_v one_o special_a thing_n to_o be_v note_v and_o that_o be_v this_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n be_v not_o so_o many_o mile_n in_o length_n as_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n for_o as_o those_o place_n that_o be_v to_o the_o south_n part_n of_o this_o side_n or_o under_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v as_o long_o as_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n so_o that_o to_o any_o of_o the_o 2._o pole_n short_a &_o short_a as_o i_o have_v declare_v in_o the_o .16_o chapter_n of_o my_o book_n call_v the_o regiment_n for_o the_o sea_n as_o by_o this_o ensample_n it_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n now_o whensoever_o that_o you_o do_v desire_v to_o know_v the_o longitude_n and_o the_o latitude_n of_o any_o town_n or_o place_n in_o a_o card_n after_o that_o the_o map_n or_o card_n be_v draw_v then_o do_v this_o first_o by_o the_o ensample_n afore_o make_v hold_v a_o line_n or_o a_o string_n map_n the_o map_n lie_v flat_a &_o plain_a upon_o a_o table_n before_o you_o and_o first_o for_o the_o latitude_n hold_v the_o line_n east_n and_o west_n right_a over_o the_o town_n and_o place_n then_o by_o the_o ensample_n afore_o make_v you_o do_v see_v the_o latitude_n be_v upon_o the_o east_n side_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n side_n then_o by_o the_o line_n you_o shall_v know_v how_o many_o degree_n and_o part_n of_o degree_n the_o pole_n be_v raise_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o then_o in_o like_a manner_n for_o to_o know_v the_o longitude_n of_o any_o town_n in_o a_o map_n or_o card_n then_o hold_v the_o line_n due_a south_n and_o north_n right_a over_o the_o town_n or_o place_n who_o longitude_n you_o do_v desire_n for_o to_o know_v and_o for_o to_o hold_v it_o due_a south_n and_o north_n which_o be_v call_v your_o meridian_n line_n you_o must_v do_v this_o for_o that_o the_o degree_n be_v short_a to_o the_o north_n part_n than_o they_o be_v to_o the_o southe_n side_n or_o part_n of_o the_o map_n or_o card_n therefore_o you_o must_v seek_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n both_o at_o the_o south_n side_n and_o at_o the_o northe_a side_n all_o at_o one_o time_n hold_v the_o line_n proportionable_a right_n over_o the_o town_n that_o be_v to_o say_v half_a degree_n for_o half_a degree_n and_o quarter_n for_o quarter_n and_o so_o forth_o to_o the_o least_o part_n of_o a_o degree_n the_o eighteen_o chapter_n show_v unto_o you_o how_o you_o may_v place_v all_o the_o principal_a river_n or_o water_n true_o in_o any_o card_n or_o map_n now_o furthermore_o as_o it_o be_v sufficient_o declare_v before_o how_o for_o to_o describe_v or_o draw_v a_o map_n or_o card_n for_o a_o whole_a region_n or_o country_n and_o also_o how_o to_o find_v the_o distance_n from_o one_o town_n to_o a_o other_o therefore_o for_o that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o special_a matter_n in_o like_a manner_n to_o draw_v or_o describe_v the_o principal_a river_n or_o water_n within_o a_o region_n or_o country_n into_o a_o map_n or_o card_n therefore_o after_o that_o you_o have_v observe_v all_o the_o notable_a town_n and_o place_n worthy_a of_o memory_n then_o if_o you_o can_v take_v a_o boat_n and_o so_o go_v all_o the_o whole_a length_n of_o the_o water_n or_o river_n in_o the_o very_a middle_n between_o both_o the_o land_n and_o then_o with_o a_o mariner_n compass_n you_o may_v see_v how_o that_o the_o river_n do_v trent_n or_o turn_n than_o you_o have_v the_o observation_n about_o you_o than_o you_o may_v know_v how_o long_o that_o the_o water_n do_v trent_n by_o that_o point_n or_o wind_n by_o the_o mark_n of_o the_o land_n map_n which_o you_o have_v afore_o observe_v and_o then_o so_o often_o as_o the_o water_n do_v turn_v or_o compass_n about_o you_o shall_v see_v by_o your_o sea_n man_n compass_n and_o how_o much_o and_o still_o you_o shall_v know_v the_o length_n by_o the_o mark_n upon_o the_o shore_n and_o then_o you_o must_v draw_v a_o crooked_a line_n into_o the_o paper_n that_o you_o have_v note_v those_o town_n and_o place_n in_o the_o region_n where_o that_o the_o pryncipall_a place_n be_v according_a to_o the_o cross_v of_o the_o 2._o line_n in_o everye_o place_n the_o crooked_a line_n to_o be_v make_v accord_v to_o the_o trentinge_v of_o the_o river_n or_o water_n and_o every_o treminge_v to_o be_v according_a unto_o that_o point_n or_o wind_n that_o the_o compass_n do_v show_v to_o you_o and_o this_o be_v do_v you_o may_v know_v the_o wydenesse_n of_o the_o water_n by_o the_o observation_n afore_o take_v and_o then_o you_o may_v draw_v your_o plate_n and_o so_o bewtifye_v it_o at_o your_o pleasure_n take_v the_o crooked_a line_n from_o the_o very_a middle_n of_o the_o water_n â§_o a_o table_n of_o the_o content_n of_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o book_n call_v a_o treasure_n for_o traveller_n first_o to_o the_o reader_n of_o this_o first_o part_n the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o part_n contain_v the_o make_v of_o the_o quadrant_n with_o the_o skall_fw-mi whereby_o you_o may_v know_v the_o height_n or_o lowness_n of_o any_o thing_n the_o second_o chapter_n be_v of_o upright_o shadow_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o know_v the_o heighte_n of_o all_o thing_n take_v within_o the_o length_n of_o the_o thing_n the_o third_o chapter_n show_v how_o for_o too_o know_v the_o heighte_n of_o any_o thing_n with_o the_o skall_fw-mi by_o contrary_a shadow_n that_o be_v to_o say_v without_o the_o length_n of_o any_o thing_n so_o take_v the_o four_o chapter_n show_v how_o to_o take_v the_o part_n of_o any_o height_n as_o the_o length_n of_o a_o window_n or_o such_o like_a the_o fyfth_o chapter_n show_v how_o for_o to_o know_v the_o distance_n of_o many_o thing_n that_o be_v from_o you_o and_o also_o whether_o any_o other_o tower_n be_v high_a or_o low_a than_o the_o tower_n that_o you_o be_v upon_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n show_v how_o for_o to_o know_v the_o height_n of_o a_o hill_n and_o also_o the_o distance_n unto_o the_o top_n of_o any_o hill_n with_o the_o skall_fw-mi the_o seventhe_n chapter_n show_v you_o by_o the_o skall_fw-mi
and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o they_o will_v weigh_v or_o lift_v the_o lesser_a if_o they_o do_v use_v that_o matter_n as_o i_o have_v see_v for_o that_o they_o do_v make_v fast_o their_o cable_n &_o rope_n some_o unto_o the_o side_n of_o the_o shyppe_n hoy_n or_o lyter_n and_o some_o unto_o the_o head_n and_o so_o forth_o and_o now_o the_o shyppe_n hoy_n or_o lyter_n be_v not_o able_a to_o weigh_v or_o lift_v not_o one_o quarter_n of_o their_o proper_a burden_n and_o they_o lift_v or_o weigh_v much_o the_o les_fw-fr for_o that_o they_o have_v no_o lade_n within_o for_o if_o they_o do_v make_v fast_o their_o cable_n or_o rope_n unto_o the_o side_n than_o it_o will_v not_o lift_v the_o .10_o part_n of_o their_o proper_a burden_n for_o that_o the_o side_n will_v soon_o go_v down_o and_o if_o they_o do_v make_v fast_o their_o cable_n and_o rope_n unto_o the_o head_n for_o there_o it_o will_v weigh_v or_o lift_v most_o yet_o it_o will_v not_o weigh_v or_o lift_v one_o third_o part_n of_o their_o burden_n for_o have_v no_o lode_v the_o head_n will_v soon_o go_v down_o into_o the_o water_n wherefore_o whensoever_o they_o do_v mean_a for_o to_o weigh_v any_o ship_n that_o be_v sink_v burden_n then_o they_o must_v prepare_v long_o strong_a and_o great_a timber_n or_o strong_a mast_n and_o let_v they_o be_v lay_v across_o the_o shyppe_n hoy_n or_o lyter_n over_o both_o the_o side_n and_o to_o match_v .2_o and_o .2_o together_o of_o equal_a burden_n as_o near_o as_o you_o can_v and_o let_v the_o long_a timber_n or_o mast_n lie_v cross_v both_o the_o ship_n hoy_n or_o lyghter_n and_o over_o both_o the_o side_n and_o then_o bring_v your_o cable_n or_o rope_n that_o be_v fast_o unto_o the_o sink_a ship_n over_o the_o long_a timber_n or_o mast_n and_o then_o make_v the_o rope_n fast_o within_o the_o shyppe_n or_o lyghter_n and_o this_o do_v than_o the_o ship_n hoy_n or_o lyghter_n will_v weigh_v or_o lift_v their_o own_o proper_a burden_n otherwise_o they_o will_v not_o and_o then_o it_o stand_v you_o in_o hand_n to_o get_v such_o timber_n that_o will_v not_o break_v for_o that_o burden_n for_o if_o the_o timber_n do_v break_v it_o will_v put_v all_o in_o hazard_n of_o synk_v again_o also_o it_o be_v very_o good_a to_o weigh_v a_o ship_n with_o kaske_n and_o every_o hogshead_n pipe_n or_o butt_n will_v weigh_v or_o lyfte_v as_o much_o in_o weight_n as_o it_o will_v weigh_v if_o it_o be_v full_a of_o that_o water_n except_v the_o proper_a weight_n of_o the_o vessel_n or_o kaske_n so_o that_o the_o kaske_n be_v make_v sight_n that_o no_o water_n may_v come_v into_o it_o and_o then_o when_o you_o do_v mean_a for_o to_o weigh_v or_o lyfte_v up_o any_o ship_n that_o be_v sink_v your_o rope_n or_o cable_n be_v fast_o unto_o the_o sink_a ship_n than_o you_o have_v all_o your_o thing_n in_o a_o readiness_n your_o shyppe_n hoy_n or_o lyghter_n and_o the_o great_a timber_n or_o mast_n lay_v cross_a over_o both_o the_o side_n of_o they_o and_o two_o and_o two_o of_o they_o and_o also_o your_o kaske_n then_o make_v fast_o your_o rope_n and_o cable_n unto_o the_o ship_n or_o lighter_n at_o a_o low_a water_n the_o flood_n be_v in_o hand_n provide_v always_o that_o you_o bring_v the_o rope_n or_o cable_n over_o the_o timber_n hand_n that_o lie_v cross_v the_o hoy_n or_o lyghter_n and_o also_o then_o to_o make_v fast_o the_o kaske_n unto_o your_o rope_n or_o cable_n and_o then_o as_o the_o flood_n rise_v so_o shall_v the_o sink_a ship_n rise_v from_o the_o bottom_n and_o then_o as_o the_o water_n do_v rise_v or_o high_a so_o go_v towards_o the_o land_n or_o shore_n till_o it_o be_v a_o full_a sea_n and_o then_o the_o sink_a ship_n will_v rest_v upon_o the_o ground_n again_o and_o then_o at_o the_o next_o low_a water_n they_o shorten_v or_o make_v fast_o their_o cable_n or_o rope_n again_o than_o the_o next_o full_a sea_n they_o may_v bring_v the_o sink_a ship_n near_o unto_o the_o land_n or_o shore_n and_o thus_o they_o may_v bring_v the_o sink_a ship_n unto_o the_o land_n or_o shore_n untyll_o such_o time_n as_o the_o sink_a ship_n shall_v be_v lay_v upon_o dry_a ground_n at_o a_o low_a water_n for_o you_o may_v know_v in_o how_o many_o tide_n that_o you_o may_v weigh_v she_o and_o lay_v she_o upon_o dry_a ground_n at_o a_o low_a water_n as_o thus_o sound_v ship_n or_o look_v how_o many_o fathom_n the_o sink_a ship_n lie_v in_o at_o a_o low_a water_n and_o then_o look_v how_o many_o fathom_n the_o water_n hygh_v or_o flow_v till_o it_o be_v a_o full_a sea_n and_o then_o consider_v how_o deep_o that_o your_o ship_n hoy_n or_o lyghter_n will_v go_v into_o the_o water_n before_o they_o be_v able_a to_o lift_v the_o sink_a ship_n from_o the_o bottom_n and_o then_o consider_v how_o much_o or_o how_o many_o fathom_n or_o foot_n the_o water_n will_v rise_v afterwards_o and_o so_o shall_v you_o see_v in_o how_o many_o tide_n that_o you_o shall_v bring_v she_o to_o be_v dry_a at_o a_o low_a water_n as_o for_o ensample_n thus_o suppose_v that_o any_o ship_n or_o hoye_n be_v sink_v at_o eight_o fathom_n at_o a_o low_a water_n and_o the_o water_n do_v rise_v or_o high_a two_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o low_a water_n unto_o a_o full_a sea_n ship_n and_o then_o the_o hoy_n or_o lyter_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o lyfte_v or_o weigh_v the_o sink_a ship_n from_o the_o bottom_n not_o untyl_o they_o be_v lade_v down_o two_o foot_n and_o better_o so_o that_o you_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o water_n will_v not_o rise_v or_o high_a little_a more_o than_o two_o fathom_n after_o that_o the_o sink_a ship_n be_v lyft_v or_o weigh_v from_o the_o bottom_n and_o then_o go_v untoo_o the_o land_n or_o shore_n till_o that_o it_o be_v a_o full_a sea_n and_o then_o the_o sink_a ship_n do_v rest_n upon_o the_o ground_n again_o at_o .6_o fathom_n at_o a_o low_a water_n and_o then_o at_o the_o next_o low_a water_n the_o cable_n and_o rope_n be_v make_v fast_o again_o and_o when_o it_o be_v flow_v two_o foot_n and_o better_a the_o sink_a ship_n be_v lyft_v from_o the_o ground_n again_o and_o then_o go_v unto_o the_o land_n or_o shore_n till_o it_o be_v a_o full_a sea_n than_o the_o sink_a ship_n do_v rest_n at_o .4_o fathom_n at_o a_o low_a water_n &_o then_o at_o the_o next_o low_a water_n the_o cable_n and_o rope_n be_v make_v fast_o again_o when_o it_o be_v flow_v .2_o foot_n and_o better_o the_o sink_a ship_n be_v lift_v from_o the_o bottom_n and_o so_o go_v in_o unto_o the_o land_n or_o shore_n till_o it_o be_v a_o full_a sea_n then_o the_o sink_a ship_n do_v rest_n again_o at_o .2_o fathom_n at_o a_o low_a water_n and_o then_o the_o cable_n or_o rope_n be_v shorten_v and_o make_v fast_o again_o then_o go_v unto_o the_o land_n or_o shore_n untyl_o that_o it_o be_v a_o full_a sea_n and_o then_o rest_v the_o sink_a ship_n shall_v be_v dry_a at_o a_o low_a water_n so_o that_o you_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o ship_n that_o be_v sink_v at_o .8_o fathom_n at_o a_o low_a water_n and_o the_o water_n rise_v or_o do_v flow_v .2_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a from_o the_o low_a water_n unto_o the_o full_a sea_n and_o the_o hoy_n and_o lyter_n will_v weigh_v or_o lift_v the_o sink_a ship_n from_o the_o bottom_n by_o that_o time_n they_o be_v title_n more_o than_o .2_o foot_n bury_v or_o settle_v into_o the_o water_n and_o then_o in_o four_o tide_n the_o sink_v ship_n wylbe_n lay_v upon_o dry_a ground_n at_o a_o low_a water_n and_o by_o this_o order_n you_o may_v know_v in_o how_o many_o tide_n that_o any_o shyppemaye_n he_o weigh_v and_o lay_v on_o dry_a ground_n at_o a_o low_a water_n you_o know_v how_o deep_o that_o the_o ship_n lie_v at_o a_o low_a water_n and_o how_o much_o it_o do_v flow_v in_o any_o place_n where_o it_o do_v ebb_v or_o flow_v the_o eight_o chapter_n show_v how_o to_o weigh_v a_o ship_n where_o it_o do_v not_o ebb_n and_o flow_v and_o furthermore_o if_o that_o any_o ship_n or_o any_o other_o vessel_n be_v sink_v in_o such_o place_n where_o that_o it_o do_v neither_o ebb_n nor_o flow_v that_o be_v too_o say_v where_o the_o water_n do_v not_o high_a and_o low_a there_o be_v some_o matter_n and_o ask_v great_a charge_n and_o labour_n for_o to_o weigh_v or_o lyfte_v any_o great_a weight_n from_o the_o bottom_n yet_o this_o way_n it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o sink_a ship_n or_o vessel_n be_v know_v what_o that_o it_o do_v weigh_v in_o the_o water_n as_o before_o be_v rehearse_v then_o the_o number_n of_o
be_v to_o be_v see_v on_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o sea_n coast_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o rock_n and_o sand_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o ebbing_n and_o flow_a of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o currante_n in_o the_o sea_n with_o such_o other_o like_o matter_n etc._n etc._n be_v very_o necessary_a for_o all_o sort_n of_o travayler_n either_o by_o sea_n or_o by_o land_n to_o know_v etc._n etc._n written_a by_o william_n bourne_n to_o the_o reader_n gentle_a reader_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o some_o will_v think_v that_o i_o have_v take_v upon_o i_o to_o meddle_v with_o those_o cause_n that_o be_v past_o my_o capacity_n for_o that_o this_o fyfth_o and_o last_o book_n be_v as_o concern_v the_o natural_a cause_n of_o sand_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o river_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o marish_a ground_n and_o cliff_n by_o the_o sea_n coast_n and_o rock_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o also_o the_o cause_n that_o the_o sea_n do_v ebb_n and_o flow_v and_o the_o cause_n that_o the_o water_n in_o the_o sea_n be_v salt_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o earth_n quake_v with_o other_o matter_n and_o for_o that_o my_o opinion_n do_v differ_v from_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_a writer_n in_o natural_a philosophy_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o it_o may_v be_v utter_o dislyke_v of_o and_o condemn_v to_o be_v no_o truth_n but_o yet_o notwithstanding_o they_o may_v geve_v such_o credit_n unto_o it_o as_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o reason_n shall_v support_v unto_o they_o for_o that_o they_o be_v but_o my_o simple_a opinion_n wherefore_o they_o may_v believe_v they_o as_o they_o lift_v therefore_o gentle_a reader_n i_o desire_v you_o to_o bear_v with_o i_o for_o that_o i_o be_o so_o bold_a to_o show_v my_o simple_a opinion_n unto_o the_o world_n for_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o some_o people_n may_v malice_n i_o for_o that_o i_o be_o so_o bold_a to_o deal_v in_o these_o cause_n consyder_v what_o a_o great_a number_n of_o so_o excellent_a learned_a man_n there_o be_v in_o england_n both_o in_o the_o vniversyty_n and_o in_o diverse_a other_o place_n in_o this_o land_n the_o five_o book_n of_o the_o treasure_n for_o traveller_n the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o fyfth_o book_n show_v the_o natural_a cause_n how_o sand_n and_o bank_n be_v engender_v or_o make_v both_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o rivers_n now_o begin_v the_o five_o book_n which_o be_v concern_v the_o natural_a cause_n of_o sundry_a thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o traveil_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o although_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o happen_v but_o the_o providence_n of_o almighty_a god_n do_v bring_v it_o to_o pass_v yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o have_v a_o natural_a cause_n why_o it_o be_v so_o although_o it_o seem_v supernatural_a or_o unpossible_a for_o that_o god_n do_v work_v all_o thing_n by_o a_o mean_n and_o yet_o do_v come_v to_o pass_v by_o some_o natural_a cause_n and_o first_o of_o the_o natural_a cause_n of_o sand_n and_o bank_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o river_n my_o opinion_n be_v this_o that_o whereas_o a_o great_a number_n of_o sand_n and_o bank_n be_v many_o time_n see_v at_o the_o mouth_n and_o entrance_n of_o many_o great_a river_n both_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o also_o up_o into_o the_o river_n that_o it_o happn_v by_o this_o mean_n by_o the_o shalownesse_n of_o those_o sea_n and_o the_o great_a indraft_n of_o the_o ryver_n and_o then_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o country_n in_o the_o river_n be_v a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o especial_o after_o any_o great_a rain_n do_v bring_v down_o the_o soil_n for_o all_o the_o land_n water_n do_v always_o run_v down_o towards_o the_o sea_n where_o as_o it_o do_v ebb_v and_o flow_v and_o sometime_o the_o water_n overflow_v the_o bank_n and_o then_o the_o swiftness_n of_o the_o run_n of_o the_o water_n do_v fret_v away_o the_o bank_n and_o sometime_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o winter_n after_o a_o great_a frost_n and_o such_o other_o like_o cause_n sometime_o from_o sandye_v ground_n &_o sometime_o from_o clay_n ground_n &_o sometime_o stony_a ground_n &_o other_o good_a mould_n do_v fall_v into_o the_o ryver_n and_o so_o be_v mix_v and_o tumble_v too_o and_o fro_o with_o the_o water_n and_o be_v always_o carry_v towards_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o stream_n for_o that_o always_o where_o it_o do_v not_o ebb_n &_o flow_v the_o stream_n run_v towards_o the_o sea_n &_o whereas_o it_o do_v ebb_v &_o flow_v there_o the_o ebb_n do_v run_v both_o swift_a &_o long_o than_o the_o flood_n do_v &_o so_o by_o that_o mean_n it_o be_v always_o carry_v towards_o the_o sea_n &_o also_o any_o thing_n be_v apt_a to_o roll_v or_o run_v down_o the_o hill_n rather_o than_o against_o the_o hill_n and_o thus_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o country_n be_v tumble_v too_o &_o fro_o in_o the_o water_n be_v wash_v and_o soak_a in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o water_n be_v make_v thick_a therewith_o and_o the_o fat_a or_o clammye_n substance_n become_v owe_v but_o the_o greety_a or_o sandy_a or_o gravel_o substance_n do_v always_o keep_v towards_o the_o bottom_n for_o that_o it_o be_v more_o ponderous_a or_o heavy_a than_o the_o fatty_a or_o clammy_a substance_n and_o then_o this_o gravel_o or_o sandye_v substance_n be_v dryven_v down_o towards_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o stream_n go_v by_o the_o bottom_n then_o where_o it_o do_v find_v any_o place_n to_o stay_v at_o by_o the_o way_n there_o it_o rest_v and_o so_o grow_v more_o and_o more_o and_o so_o become_v a_o sand_n and_o then_o the_o tide_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o ebb_a and_o flow_a do_v make_v or_o scour_v out_o a_o channel_n or_o pasadge_n between_o one_o sand_n or_o bank_n and_o another_o and_o always_o this_o happen_v whereas_o the_o sea_n be_v but_o shalowe_v and_o the_o ryver_n or_o haven_n have_v a_o great_a indraught_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o run_v a_o great_a distance_n into_o the_o land_n whereby_o there_o be_v much_o soil_n bring_v down_o by_o the_o mean_v afore_o rehearse_v and_o then_o the_o sea_n be_v but_o shallow_a it_o have_v no_o great_a descent_n to_o run_v down_o the_o hill_n and_o then_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o flood_n &_o the_o bellows_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v cause_v it_o to_o be_v stay_v although_o that_o sometime_o it_o happen_v that_o one_o sand_n or_o bank_n do_v decrease_v and_o wear_v away_o and_o another_o do_v increase_n and_o wax_v big_a and_o many_o time_n the_o channel_n do_v alter_v sometime_o deep_o and_o sometime_o shallow_a and_o sometime_o whereas_o a_o channel_n be_v become_v a_o sand_n &_o sometime_o whereas_o a_o sand_n be_v be_v become_v a_o channel_n as_o experience_n have_v many_o time_n show_v which_o happen_v many_o time_n by_o some_o storm_n or_o great_a wind_n sometime_o from_o one_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n and_o sometime_o from_o another_o quarter_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o bellows_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v beat_v or_o wash_v away_o the_o sand_n from_o one_o place_n and_o so_o do_v rest_n upon_o another_o place_n and_o then_o the_o tide_n or_o stream_n do_v scour_v or_o fret_v a_o new_a channel_n between_o one_o sand_n and_o another_o etc._n etc._n as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o experience_n in_o dyvers_a place_n as_o the_o mould_n of_o the_o ryver_n of_o thames_n and_o humber_n and_o the_o ryver_n of_o roan_n and_o such_o other_o like_o place_n which_o i_o do_v omit_v at_o this_o tyme._n the_o second_o chapter_n show_v the_o natural_a cause_n of_o marish_a ground_n and_o other_o plain_a meadow_n or_o ground_n by_o the_o side_n of_o river_n etc._n etc._n and_o furthermore_o as_o touch_v the_o natural_a cause_n of_o marysh_n or_o marish_a ground_n and_o other_o plain_n and_o level_a ground_n that_o be_v by_o the_o side_n of_o great_a river_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o such_o other_o like_o place_n my_o opinion_n be_v this_o as_o in_o the_o chapter_n before_o be_v express_v by_o the_o bring_n down_o of_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o country_n which_o be_v ground_n or_o earth_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o sort_n which_o be_v fall_v into_o the_o water_n and_o bring_v down_o by_o the_o stream_n and_o as_o before_o be_v rehearse_v the_o gravel_o or_o sandye_v substance_n do_v dryve_v with_o the_o stream_n country_n by_o the_o bottom_n but_o the_o fatty_a or_o clammy_a substance_n be_v mingle_v with_o the_o water_n for_o although_o you_o shall_v take_v any_o earth_n or_o substance_n and_o wash_v it_o and_o tumble_v it_o in_o water_n never_o so_o much_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o can_v be_v consume_v all_o away_o but_o if_o you_o do_v let_v it_o stand_v still_o than_o it_o
some_o island_n long_o ago_o &_o by_o the_o often_o souss_v of_o the_o bellows_n or_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o never_o stand_v still_o the_o other_o substance_n or_o stuff_n be_v beat_v and_o consume_v away_o through_o the_o great_a deepness_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o other_o substance_n or_o stuff_n be_v tumble_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o be_v no_o more_o see_v and_o as_o the_o mineral_n in_o the_o ground_n be_v of_o diverse_a kind_n of_o substaunce_n as_o some_o earth_n and_o some_o sand_n and_o some_o stone_n to_o conclude_v of_o a_o hundred_o several_a sort_n so_o that_o all_o those_o loose_a substaunce_n that_o will_v be_v molly_v with_o the_o water_n be_v beat_v and_o wash_v away_o so_o that_o there_o do_v remain_v nothing_o but_o the_o hard_a i_o of_o stone_n and_o so_o he_o do_v stand_v in_o the_o sea_n as_o a_o pynacle_n or_o rock_n sea_n as_o by_o experience_n be_v see_v in_o a_o number_n of_o place_n to_o the_o west_n occian_a as_o the_o west_n part_n of_o england_n and_o the_o west_n part_n of_o britain_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o france_n and_o such_o other_o like_o place_n whereas_o there_o be_v innumerable_a company_n of_o rock_n some_o be_v of_o a_o great_a height_n above_o the_o water_n other_o some_o do_v show_v themselves_o just_a with_o the_o water_n and_o other_o some_o be_v sink_v rock_n be_v round_v with_o the_o water_n some_o deep_a than_o other_o some_o which_o will_v not_o be_v know_v but_o only_o by_o the_o break_n of_o the_o sea_n over_o they_o etc._n etc._n and_o this_o be_v my_o opinion_n as_o concern_v rock_n in_o the_o sea_n that_o have_v be_v of_o long_a time_n ago_o parcel_n of_o the_o main_n land_n though_o they_o be_v now_o rock_n in_o the_o sea_n then_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o the_o land_n be_v much_o lesser_a than_o it_o have_v be_v before_o time_n and_o so_o it_o be_v and_o yet_o it_o be_v but_o a_o trifle_n in_o respect_n of_o any_o great_a quantytie_n or_o bigness_n as_o it_o may_v be_v compare_v unto_o the_o ragged_a edge_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o cloth_n and_o yet_o the_o ragged_a edge_n thereof_o be_v pare_v away_o the_o thing_n have_v not_o much_o change_v his_o fashion_n or_o form_n neither_o in_o respect_n be_v become_v little_a the_o worse_o etc._n etc._n the_o syxt_v chapter_n show_v the_o natural_a cause_n of_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o ebbing_n and_o the_o flow_a of_o the_o haven_n and_o river_n and_o furthermore_o as_o concern_v the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o other_o river_n we_o do_v see_v by_o common_a experience_n that_o the_o moon_n do_v always_o govern_v the_o same_o wherefore_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v that_o the_o water_n do_v seek_v and_o repair_v moon_n or_o most_o special_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o moon_n that_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sky_n that_o be_v to_o say_v upon_o the_o meridian_n than_o the_o water_n be_v deep_a or_o thick_a and_o also_o in_o like_a manner_n in_o the_o opposite_a part_n or_o else_o it_o will_v ebb_v and_o flow_v but_o once_o in_o .24_o hour_n and_o 4_o â—_o part_n accord_v unto_o the_o daily_a motion_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o we_o do_v see_v by_o experience_n that_o it_o do_v ebb_v &_o flow_v but_o once_o in_o 12._o hour_n &_o â…–_n part_n of_o a_o hour_n and_o then_o by_o this_o reason_n it_o shall_v flow_v or_o be_v a_o full_a sea_n in_o all_o place_n at_o a_o south_n moon_n and_o a_o north_n moon_n &_o so_o as_o the_o moon_n pass_v unto_o the_o westward_n to_o be_v a_o full_a sea_n in_o those_o part_n and_o so_o to_o go_v with_o the_o diurnal_a or_o daily_a motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n be_v contrary_a for_o we_o do_v see_v by_o daily_a experience_n that_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n and_o all_o those_o part_n that_o be_v upon_o the_o west_n occian_a sea_n that_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o south-west_n do_v make_v a_o full_a sea_n which_o be_v 3._o hour_n after_o the_o moon_n be_v upon_o the_o meridian_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o will_v be_v a_o full_a sea_n always_o where_o as_o the_o moon_n be_v upon_o their_o meridian_n and_o so_o to_o follow_v the_o daily_a motion_n of_o the_o moon_n as_o the_o moon_n be_v carry_v with_o primum_fw-la mobile_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o let_v by_o this_o great_a accidence_n that_o this_o west_n occian_a sea_n be_v shoot_v in_o between_o the_o firm_a land_n of_o ameryca_n on_o the_o west_n part_n and_o the_o main_n land_n of_o afryca_n and_o europe_n on_o the_o east_n side_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o water_n can_v follow_v to_o be_v a_o full_a sea_n accord_v unto_o the_o moon_n course_n as_o she_o do_v go_v in_o her_o daily_a motion_n accord_v unto_o the_o moon_n come_n unto_o the_o meridian_n wherefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v that_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o accidence_n in_o the_o sea_n to_o be_v let_v by_o the_o land_n that_o then_o it_o will_v follow_v orderly_o that_o the_o water_n in_o the_o sea_n will_v go_v round_o accord_v unto_o the_o moon_n course_n in_o .24_o hour_n and_o so_o the_o streme_a or_o currant_n to_o go_v from_o the_o east_n into_o the_o west_n and_o so_o round_o about_o etc._n etc._n but_o now_o we_o see_v that_o the_o water_n in_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_a be_v let_v by_o this_o great_a impediment_n for_o ameryca_n do_v enclose_v the_o west_n part_n cause_n and_o europe_n and_o afryca_n the_o east_n part_n and_o yet_o we_o do_v see_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o moon_n do_v govern_v the_o ebbing_n &_o the_o flow_a of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o two_o great_a and_o notable_a respect_n the_o one_o be_v this_o as_o it_o be_v daily_o see_v in_o every_o place_n whereas_o it_o do_v ebb_v and_o flow_v that_o the_o moon_n in_o one_o quarter_n of_o the_o sky_n do_v make_v a_o full_a sea_n for_o ever_o in_o that_o place_n or_o haven_n or_o harborow_n and_o the_o other_o great_a effect_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v this_o as_o it_o be_v always_o see_v that_o at_o the_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n and_o also_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o moon_n how_o that_o the_o water_n be_v quicken_v and_o do_v raise_v or_o lift_v themselves_o much_o high_a than_o they_o do_v at_o any_o other_o time_n and_o also_o do_v descend_v much_o low_a where_o by_o it_o make_v the_o tide_n or_o streme_a to_o run_v much_o the_o swift_a as_o it_o be_v see_v by_o daily_a experience_n in_o such_o place_n whereas_o it_o do_v ebb_v &_o flow_v at_o which_o time_n it_o be_v call_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o full_a moon_n and_o the_o change_n of_o the_o moon_n spring_v tide_n or_o spring_v stream_n &_o in_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o moon_n it_o be_v call_v nepe_a tide_n or_o nepe_a stream_n for_o that_o the_o water_n do_v not_o lift_v themselves_o or_o flow_v so_o high_a as_o they_o do_v at_o any_o other_o time_n neither_o do_v they_o descend_v or_o ebb_v so_o low_a as_o they_o do_v at_o any_o other_o time_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o streme_a do_v not_o run_v so_o swift_a as_o it_o do_v at_o other_o time_n for_o as_o in_o spring_n tide_n it_o do_v flow_v or_o lift_v itself_o high_a and_o descend_v or_o ebb_v low_a then_o of_o custom_n so_o in_o neape_n tide_n it_o do_v lift_v or_o flow_v less_o in_o height_n &_o also_o ebb_v or_o descend_v less_o in_o deepness_n than_o it_o do_v of_o custom_n as_o it_o be_v see_v daily_o by_o common_a experience_n etc._n etc._n but_o yet_o furthermore_o ryver_n as_o touch_v the_o ebbing_n and_o flow_v of_o the_o water_n both_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o also_o in_o haven_n and_o river_n and_o although_o that_o it_o do_v keep_v a_o order_n or_o method_n in_o any_o one_o assign_a place_n yet_o be_v there_o great_a variety_n in_o place_n hard_a by_o yea_o in_o one_o ryver_n it_o shall_v be_v a_o full_a sea_n in_o one_o part_n of_o the_o ryver_n and_o in_o that_o ryver_n and_o at_o that_o instant_n a_o low_a water_n as_o the_o proof_n thereof_o may_v be_v manifest_o see_v here_o in_o the_o ryver_n of_o thames_n as_o it_o be_v not_o unknowen_a that_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o south_n do_v make_v a_o full_a sea_n on_o the_o land_n end_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o ryver_n of_o thames_n and_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o south-west_n do_v make_v a_o full_a sea_n at_o london_n and_o then_o it_o be_v half_o ebb_v on_o the_o land_n end_n but_o in_o rychmonde_n above_o london_n there_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o west_n do_v make_v a_o full_a sea_n and_o then_o on_o the_o land_n end_n there_o it_o be_v a_o low_a
amerrica_n or_o bay_n of_o mexico_n and_o so_o reverse_v back_o again_o and_o so_o through_o the_o cannel_n or_o channel_n of_o bayhaina_n between_o the_o cap_n of_o terra_n florriday_n &_o the_o great_a island_n of_o coba_n go_v from_o the_o west_n into_o the_o east_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o those_o that_o do_v go_v into_o the_o west_n indies_n do_v first_o go_v to_o the_o cannary_n and_o so_o to_o the_o westward_n to_o the_o intent_n to_o have_v the_o currant_n to_o the_o westward_n into_o the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n and_o then_o when_o they_o do_v return_v home_o than_o they_o do_v go_v by_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n through_o the_o channel_n of_o baphamea_n for_o that_o the_o currant_n do_v reverse_v back_o from_o the_o west_n into_o the_o east_n so_o that_o they_o have_v the_o currant_n or_o stream_n to_o help_v they_o back_o home_o again_o etc._n etc._n and_o they_o in_o like_a manner_n part_o the_o currant_n that_o come_v about_o cape_n bone_n sperance_fw-fr be_v beat_v by_o the_o main_n land_n of_o america_n as_o be_v say_v before_o part_n run_v or_o go_v through_o the_o straight_o of_o magalenus_n and_o partly_o through_o the_o great_a gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o mexico_n as_o before_o be_v rehearse_v and_o part_n do_v reverse_v or_o go_v back_o alonge_v the_o coast_n of_o the_o south_n land_n that_o lie_v on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o straits_n of_o magalenus_n where_o the_o south_n pole_n or_o pole_n anterticke_n be_v raise_v more_o they_o .50_o degree_n and_o so_o go_v back_o from_o the_o west_n into_o the_o east_n alonge_v the_o south_n coast_n untyl_o it_o do_v come_v into_o the_o east_n occian_a sea_n again_o etc._n etc._n and_o this_o be_v the_o principall_a currant_n stream_n as_o those_o that_o do_v occupy_v those_o part_n by_o sea_n do_v know_v and_o these_o currante_n be_v well_o know_v to_o run_v continual_o always_o one_o way_n etc._n etc._n the_o second_o sort_n of_o currante_n or_o stream_n be_v this_o as_o it_o be_v see_v in_o dyvers_a place_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o currant_n or_o stream_n where_o it_o do_v not_o ebb_n &_o flow_v that_o always_o do_v go_v unto_o the_o windeward_n but_o that_o never_o happen_v but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o great_a wind_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o be_v this_o that_o the_o sea_n be_v wrought_v or_o trouble_v with_o great_a storm_n of_o wind_n do_v raise_v great_a bellows_n or_o wave_n or_o great_a knot_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o run_v roll_a with_o the_o wound_n and_o do_v cause_v the_o water_n too_o be_v unlevell_v or_o uneven_a as_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o water_n to_o seek_v to_o the_o low_a part_n till_o that_o it_o do_v come_v unto_o his_o level_n sea_n so_o by_o that_o mean_n as_o the_o wind_n bear_v the_o water_n in_o the_o sea_n with_o great_a wave_n or_o bellows_n so_o the_o currant_n in_o the_o water_n do_v go_v against_o the_o wind_n to_o come_v unto_o his_o level_n again_o as_o the_o experience_n thereof_o be_v see_v in_o dyvers_a place_n where_o it_o do_v not_o ebb_n and_o flow_v as_o in_o the_o middle_a earth_n sea_n or_o levant_n sea_n and_o within_o the_o sound_n that_o be_v to_o say_v within_o elson_n nore_n that_o have_v narrow_a entrance_n and_o yet_o be_v great_a sea_n within_o which_o do_v take_v away_o the_o effect_n of_o ebb_a and_o flow_v for_o that_o the_o straight_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o let_v in_o water_n enough_o for_o to_o cause_v it_o too_o ebb_n and_o flow_v and_o this_o effect_n in_o like_a manner_n be_v many_o time_n see_v sometime_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o barbary_n and_o in_o such_o other_o like_o place_n where_o it_o do_v not_o ebb_n and_o flow_v etc._n etc._n currante_n the_o third_o sort_n of_o currant_n or_o stream_n that_o run_v in_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o do_v not_o ebb_n and_o flow_v as_o by_o experience_n be_v see_v in_o diverse_a place_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o sail_v into_o the_o sea_n of_o some_o great_a and_o mighty_a ryver_n that_o the_o land_n water_n come_n forcible_o down_o the_o ryver_n and_o so_o empty_v or_o run_v into_o the_o sea_n do_v cause_n a_o currant_n to_o go_v in_o the_o sea_n against_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o ryver_n as_o it_o be_v see_v in_o the_o middle_a earth_n sea_n against_o the_o mouth_n of_o nilus_n and_o also_o it_o be_v many_o time_n see_v in_o the_o north_n part_n at_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o year_n when_o the_o snow_n and_o the_o ice_n be_v melt_v or_o consume_v into_o water_n and_o then_o against_o the_o mouth_n of_o such_o river_n as_o do_v emptye_v they_o into_o those_o sea_n do_v cause_n a_o great_a currant_n to_o run_v a_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o land_n in_o such_o place_n as_o this_o effect_n happen_v in_o those_o sea_n etc._n etc._n the_o eight_o chapter_n show_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v salt_n etc._n etc._n and_o furthermore_o as_o touch_v the_o natural_a cause_n that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v salt_n whereas_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o author_n be_v as_o aristotle_n &_o other_o that_o it_o be_v make_v salt_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o the_o draw_n of_o the_o fine_a substance_n of_o the_o water_n up_o into_o the_o air_n the_o sea_n be_v make_v salt_n by_o that_o mean_n then_o if_o that_o be_v the_o whole_a cause_n they_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n shall_v be_v most_o salt_a under_o or_o near_o the_o equinoctial_a for_o that_o the_o sun_n have_v a_o great_a force_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o sun_n whereby_o the_o sun_n shall_v draw_v or_o distil_v it_o more_o fast_o than_o it_o do_v in_o any_o of_o the_o other_o climate_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v see_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v as_o salt_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o .60_o degree_n part_n in_o the_o occian_a sea_n as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o as_o some_o have_v say_v it_o be_v as_o salt_n in_o iselande_n and_o at_o the_o north_n cappe_n which_o be_v within_o the_o polle_n or_o circle_n near_o fyve_o degree_n and_o there_o the_o sun_n can_v have_v any_o great_a power_n for_o that_o the_o sun_n have_v but_o a_o very_a glaunse_a shadow_n in_o june_n and_o in_o the_o winter_n part_n of_o the_o year_n the_o sun_n will_v not_o appear_v or_o rise_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o week_n and_o furthermore_o if_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v make_v salt_n only_o by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sun_n than_o those_o sea_n must_v needs_o become_v fresh_a by_o another_o great_a cause_n and_o that_o be_v this_o for_o in_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o year_n in_o the_o melt_v of_o the_o snow_n and_o the_o ice_n there_o fall_v such_o abundance_n of_o fresh_a water_n that_o it_o will_v make_v it_o fresh_a and_o yet_o the_o water_n be_v very_a salt_n insomuch_o that_o in_o dyvers_a place_n in_o the_o north_n part_n they_o do_v make_v salt_n of_o the_o sea_n water_n although_o that_o it_o be_v not_o make_v by_o the_o heat_n or_o power_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o it_o be_v make_v in_o spain_n and_o in_o france_n for_o that_o they_o do_v make_v it_o in_o scotlande_n with_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n rosey_n &_o so_o as_o some_o have_v say_v it_o be_v make_v in_o rosey_n not_o far_o from_o saint_n nicolas_n and_o furthermore_o as_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v the_o water_n be_v not_o make_v salt_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o that_o the_o head_n of_o the_o great_a ryver_n nilus_n that_o come_v from_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n &_o have_v latitude_n beyond_o the_o equinoctial_a twelve_o degree_n and_o so_o in_o sundry_a place_n stand_v in_o sundry_a great_a pool_n equinoctial_a not_o far_o from_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o so_o pass_v from_o under_o the_o equinoctial_a unto_o the_o northwards_o and_o do_v empty_a itself_o in_o the_o middle_a earth_n sea_n and_o yet_o that_o water_n be_v fresh_a and_o not_o salt_n so_o that_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v not_o altogether_o the_o cause_n that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v salt_n wherefore_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v become_v salt_n by_o the_o mineral_n or_o substance_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v salt_n proper_o of_o itself_o and_o so_o mollify_v or_o soak_a that_o it_o turn_v unto_o water_n have_v any_o moisture_n or_o liquour_n to_o come_v unto_o it_o as_o for_o a_o ensample_n that_o in_o sundry_a place_n it_o be_v know_v that_o there_o be_v salt_n find_v and_o dyg_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o be_v perfect_a salt_n and_o
and_o knowledge_n to_o benefyt_v or_o profit_n their_o country_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o the_o teach_n of_o good_a art_n and_o science_n or_o by_o any_o other_o mean_n so_o that_o the_o common_a weal_n be_v the_o better_o maintain_v be_v person_n of_o great_a valour_n and_o be_v as_o jewel_n unto_o their_o country_n and_o their_o country_n be_v behold_v unto_o they_o but_o contrariwise_o all_o those_o person_n that_o be_v not_o able_a to_o profyt_v the_o common_a weal_n in_o any_o respect_n and_o also_o desire_v to_o live_v pleasaunt_o and_o wanton_o and_o have_v great_a livynge_n and_o riches_n and_o do_v no_o good_a therewith_o all_o those_o person_n be_v more_o behold_v unto_o their_o country_n than_o their_o country_n be_v unto_o they_o but_o if_o they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o riches_n and_o do_v covet_v to_o heap_v more_o care_v not_o how_o they_o do_v come_v by_o it_o so_o they_o may_v have_v it_o such_o person_n be_v the_o destruction_n and_o be_v as_o caterpillar_n to_o the_o common_a weal_n of_o their_o country_n for_o that_o they_o do_v annoy_n and_o hurt_v the_o prosperity_n and_o the_o state_n of_o their_o country_n for_o that_o they_o catch_v and_o heap_v up_o into_o their_o custody_n more_o than_o do_v suffice_v themselves_o by_o great_a quantity_n whereas_o thowsande_n do_v lack_v to_o serve_v their_o turn_n that_o be_v better_a member_n in_o the_o common_a weal_n than_o they_o be_v and_o all_o such_o person_n the_o common_a weal_n have_v a_o good_a turn_n when_o they_o be_v deliver_v of_o such_o a_o one_o for_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v disperse_v that_o heap_n of_o store_n unto_o a_o number_n of_o person_n hand_n besides_o that_o which_o he_o will_v have_v heap_v up_o more_o if_o that_o he_o have_v continue_v long_a so_o that_o some_o of_o the_o rich_a sort_n of_o people_n be_v not_o the_o best_a member_n in_o the_o common_a weal_n but_o the_o worst_a and_o yet_o it_o behove_v some_o person_n to_o be_v rich_a and_o by_o their_o riches_n the_o common_a weal_n be_v the_o better_o maintain_v as_o thus_o the_o prince_n of_o any_o country_n be_v godly_a and_o virtuous_a the_o common_a weal_n do_v the_o better_a flourishe_v and_o be_v continual_o keep_v the_o safe_a from_o the_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o the_o noble_a man_n and_o gentleman_n that_o be_v virtuous_a and_o give_v to_o practice_v the_o good_a government_n &_o the_o preseruement_n of_o themselves_o and_o the_o state_n of_o their_o country_n so_o then_o their_o riches_n do_v good_a and_o also_o if_o the_o merchant_n be_v rich_a so_o that_o he_o do_v not_o hurt_v his_o own_o country_n but_o win_v his_o riches_n out_o of_o other_o foreign_a country_n or_o any_o other_o good_a and_o virtuous_a subject_n by_o his_o riches_n he_o may_v do_v good_a if_o he_o do_v use_v that_o he_o have_v to_o the_o furtherance_n of_o the_o common_a weal_n so_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v rich_a person_n in_o the_o common_a weal_n for_o a_o number_n of_o cause_n so_o that_o those_o rich_a person_n be_v virtuous_o bend_v but_o otherwise_o they_o may_v do_v hurt_v and_o thus_o gentle_a reader_n i_o do_v make_v a_o end_n desyre_v you_o that_o you_o will_v take_v this_o simple_a book_n in_o good_a part_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o fault_n commit_v by_o i_o either_o by_o ignorance_n or_o negligence_n i_o pray_v you_o let_v i_o gentlye_o understand_v thereof_o for_o man_n can_v be_v so_o precise_a but_o that_o he_o may_v err_v and_o thus_o i_o betake_v you_o unto_o almighty_a god_n the_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n by_o you_o william_n bourne_n ¶_o a_o brief_a note_n take_v out_o of_o m._n dees_n mathematical_a preface_n that_o go_v before_o euclides_n element_n now_o extant_a in_o our_o inglish_n tongue_n as_o touch_v what_o the_o mathematical_a science_n be_v that_o be_v to_o say_v all_o those_o art_n that_o order_n number_n measure_n or_o weight_n and_o time_n without_o the_o which_o in_o respect_n we_o can_v do_v nothing_o for_o what_o can_v be_v do_v in_o any_o respect_n but_o we_o must_v use_v number_n which_o be_v arithmetic_n or_o what_o can_v be_v do_v but_o we_o must_v use_v measure_n or_o weight_n which_o be_v geometry_n or_o what_o can_v there_o be_v do_v but_o that_o we_o must_v use_v time_n which_o do_v appertain_v unto_o astronomy_n for_o by_o number_n we_o know_v how_o many_o or_o few_o there_o be_v and_o by_o measure_n we_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v ynche_n foot_n yard_n score_n mile_n league_n pound_n ounce_n galloe_n quarte_n or_o ton_n and_o by_o time_n we_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v minute_n hour_n day_n week_n month_n year_n etc._n etc._n whereof_o two_o be_v pryncipal_a arithmetic_n and_o geometry_n whereof_o all_o these_o compound_v scientes_fw-la be_v spring_v of_o these_o two_o simple_n ☞_o thing_n do_v by_o hand_n geometrical_a 1_o mecometrie_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o length_n anything_o whatsoever_o 2_o embadometrie_n be_v the_o measure_v the_o content_n of_o all_o flat_a thing_n as_o land_n boorde_n glass_n 3_o stereometrie_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o all_o solid_a body_n as_o timber_n stone_n kaske_n &_o such_o like_a ☞_o thing_n measure_v that_o have_v distance_n from_o you_o 4_o apomecometrie_n be_v how_o far_o any_o thing_n be_v from_o you_o whether_o it_o be_v on_o land_n or_o on_o water_n 5_o hipsomettie_n be_v how_o high_a or_o deep_o any_o thing_n see_v be_v from_o the_o level_a whether_o it_o be_v on_o land_n or_o water_n etc._n etc._n 6_o platometrie_n how_o broad_a any_o thing_n be_v etc._n etc._n 7_o geodesie_n be_v the_o survey_v or_o measure_v of_o land_n wood_n or_o water_n have_v distance_n from_o you_o by_o instrument_n or_o otherwise_o 8_o geography_n be_v the_o description_n of_o country_n or_o kingdom_n 9_o cherographie_n or_o typographie_n be_v the_o description_n of_o a_o part_n of_o a_o country_n or_o kingdom_n etc._n etc._n 10_o hydrographie_n be_v the_o description_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o island_n and_o rock_n and_o danger_n and_o line_n and_o course_n etc._n etc._n 11_o stratarithmetrie_n be_v the_o view_n or_o measure_n of_o a_o battle_n of_o man_n to_o know_v the_o number_n of_o they_o not_o come_v near_o they_o etc._n etc._n 12_o perspective_n demonstrate_v the_o manner_n and_o property_n of_o all_o radiation_n directe_v break_a and_o reflect_v 13_o astronomy_n be_v the_o move_n of_o the_o light_n and_o planet_n etc._n etc._n 14_o music_n teach_v the_o diversyty_n of_o sound_n etc._n etc._n 15_o cosmographie_n be_v the_o description_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o heaven_n answer_v thereunto_o etc._n etc._n 16_o astrology_n be_v to_o geve_v judgement_n by_o y_z e_z sign_n light_n and_o planet_n etc._n etc._n 17_o statick_n be_v a_o art_n that_o do_v order_n and_o deal_v with_o hevine_v and_o lightness_n etc._n etc._n 18_o anthropographie_n be_v of_o thing_n appertain_v to_o the_o body_n of_o man_n to_o show_v they_o etc._n etc._n 19_o trochilike_o do_v appertain_v unto_o the_o turn_n of_o wheel_n this_o art_n be_v necessary_a for_o clockmaker_n &_o crane_n maker_n and_o mylle_n &_o all_o other_o science_n that_o do_v deal_v with_o wheel_n 20_o helicosophie_n be_v a_o art_n to_o draw_v hylical_a or_o spheral_n or_o wind_a line_n and_o be_v very_o necessary_a for_o skrewe_n maker_n &_o diverse_a other_o thing_n 21_o pneumatithmie_n this_o art_n be_v necessary_a for_o all_o they_o that_o do_v make_v pump_n or_o great_a bellows_n for_o y_o t_o it_o teach_v all_o those_o thing_n that_o go_v by_o wound_n and_o water_n etc._n etc._n 22_o menadrie_n be_v a_o art_n that_o teach_v the_o make_n of_o all_o ingenes_n as_o thing_n to_o pull_v to_o or_o thrust_v fro_o or_o lyft_v up_o or_o press_v down_o etc._n etc._n 23_o hypogeiodie_n be_v that_o art_n that_o do_v appertain_v unto_o miner_n in_o the_o ground_n etc._n etc._n 24_o hydrogogie_n be_v that_o art_n to_o bring_v water_n unto_o any_o place_n assign_v etc._n etc._n 25_o horometrie_n or_o horologiographie_n be_v the_o make_n of_o dial_n of_o all_o sort_n etc._n etc._n 26_o zographie_n be_v the_o art_n of_o a_o cunning_a painter_n etc._n etc._n 27_o althalmasat_fw-la the_o art_n of_o grave_v 28_o archetectur_n be_v a_o cunning_a mason_n or_o carpenter_n etc._n etc._n 29_o navigation_n be_v sail_v on_o the_o sea_n etc._n etc._n 30_o thauruaturaike_fw-mi be_v that_o which_o do_v make_v strange_a work_n as_o those_o that_o make_v the_o brazen_a head_n seem_v to_o speak_v the_o brazen_a serpent_n to_o hiss_v the_o dove_n of_o wood_n to_o fly_v the_o eagle_n make_v by_o art_n to_o fly_v etc._n etc._n 31_o archemastrie_n this_o art_n teach_v to_o bring_v to_o actual_a experience_n sensible_a all_o worthy_a conclusion_n by_o all_o the_o art_n mathematical_a etc._n etc._n finis_fw-la to_o the_o reader_n of_o
water_n as_o it_o be_v manifest_o to_o be_v see_v etc._n etc._n and_o furthermore_o as_o touch_v the_o ebbing_n and_o flow_a upppon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o occient_a sea_n for_o that_o it_o flow_v general_o a_o south-west_n moon_n so_o my_o opinion_n be_v this_o thames_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o shut_n or_o enclose_n of_o the_o sea_n between_o america_n and_o europe_n and_o africa_n that_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v thus_o for_o the_o water_n can_v follow_v the_o course_n of_o the_o moon_n for_o after_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v pass_v the_o meridian_n in_o the_o bay_n of_o america_n common_o call_v the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n that_o then_o the_o water_n can_v no_o long_o follow_v the_o course_n of_o the_o moon_n for_o that_o it_o be_v let_v by_o the_o main_n land_n and_o then_o when_o the_o moon_n do_v come_v round_o about_o unto_o the_o southeast_n than_o the_o power_n of_o the_o moon_n do_v tract_n or_o draw_v the_o water_n unto_o the_o eastwarde_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o water_n have_v a_o great_a course_n or_o sway_n unto_o the_o eastwarde_n be_v draw_v so_o vehement_o by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o moon_n untyll_o such_o time_n as_o the_o moon_n do_v come_v unto_o the_o meridian_n that_o it_o can_v sudden_o reverse_v although_o the_o moon_n be_v paste_v the_o meridian_n to_o the_o westward_n as_o we_o may_v see_v many_o time_n by_o common_a experience_n that_o any_o thing_n force_v to_o move_v violent_o be_v not_o present_o stay_v but_o that_o it_o must_v have_v a_o time_n in_o the_o stay_n as_o the_o force_n of_o the_o dryfte_n do_v decay_v which_o must_v be_v by_o little_a and_o little_a etc._n etc._n and_o so_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o south-west_n before_o the_o water_n wylbe_n descend_v and_o for_o proof_n thereof_o if_o that_o you_o do_v put_v water_n in_o any_o broad_a or_o long_a vessel_n and_o stir_v the_o water_n in_o such_o sort_n river_n that_o it_o may_v sway_v from_o one_o end_n unto_o the_o other_o and_o after_o that_o it_o have_v begin_v to_o sway_v from_o end_n unto_o end_n it_o will_v be_v a_o long_a time_n before_o it_o will_v stand_v still_o for_o you_o can_v make_v it_o to_o stay_v upon_o the_o sudden_a but_o it_o will_v sway_v too_o and_o fro_o until_o that_o it_o do_v stay_v itself_o by_o little_a and_o little_a etc._n etc._n and_o furthermore_o as_o touch_v the_o ebbing_n and_o flow_a in_o the_o other_o inferior_a sea_n and_o haven_n and_o river_n that_o happen_v by_o this_o mean_n as_o it_o be_v a_o full_a sea_n in_o all_o the_o place_n upon_o the_o west_n part_n towards_o the_o occian_a sea_n so_o that_o when_o it_o door_n find_v the_o water_n of_o our_o inferior_a sea_n low_a than_o that_o which_o do_v come_v out_o of_o the_o occian_a sea_n than_o it_o run_v in_o until_o that_o it_o come_v to_o be_v level_a for_o the_o property_n of_o water_n be_v always_o to_o run_v unto_o the_o low_a part_n and_o so_o by_o that_o mean_n and_o also_o the_o sway_n that_o it_o have_v it_o run_v and_o flow_v into_o all_o haven_n and_o harbour_n and_o river_n as_o long_o as_o it_o find_v any_o place_n low_o or_o inferior_a in_o height_n unto_o itself_o and_o then_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o find_v the_o water_n behind_o it_o low_a than_o it_o be_v before_o it_o than_o it_o stay_v and_o begin_v to_o run_v back_o again_o for_o as_o be_v say_v before_o the_o property_n of_o water_n be_v always_o to_o run_v to_o the_o low_a part_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v it_o flow_v into_o all_o river_n haven_n and_o cricke_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n and_o in_o some_o place_n it_o do_v hygh_a flow_v more_o water_n upryght_o another_o and_o do_v ebb_v more_o water_n in_o like_a manner_n down_o right_o then_o that_o it_o do_v in_o some_o other_o place_n and_o that_o happen_v by_o this_o mean_n and_o if_o any_o place_n have_v a_o wide_a entrance_n and_o then_o afterwards_o be_v shut_v up_o into_o a_o narrow_a room_n have_v some_o distance_n to_o reverse_v back_o again_o than_o the_o water_n do_v rise_v and_o flow_v very_o high_a for_o that_o thâ—_n water_n come_v in_o with_o a_o great_a sway_n and_o will_v not_o upon_o the_o sudden_a reverse_a back_n again_o as_o by_o ensample_n it_o may_v be_v seen_v in_o severn_n that_o come_v up_o to_o bristol_n and_o as_o before_o be_v say_v by_o the_o ryver_n of_o thames_n that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o full_a sea_n in_o all_o place_n at_o one_o instant_a for_o when_o that_o it_o be_v enter_v in_o at_o the_o mouth_n and_o have_v take_v his_o sway_n withal_o than_o it_o run_v in_o by_o the_o mean_n that_o the_o water_n be_v low_o within_o than_o it_o be_v with_o out_o at_o the_o sea_n for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o quarter_n flood_n and_o more_o at_o the_o sea_n before_o that_o the_o flood_n enter_v into_o the_o ryver_n and_o so_o flow_v upwardes_o for_o it_o must_v have_v a_o time_n before_o that_o it_o can_v high_a so_o much_o water_n at_o the_o mouth_n or_o entrance_n to_o be_v hygh_a than_o it_o be_v within_o up_o into_o the_o ryver_n for_o it_o be_v three_o part_n flood_n upon_o the_o land_n end_n before_o that_o it_o be_v any_o flood_n at_o london_n for_o that_o the_o distance_n be_v a_o great_a way_n in_o &_o the_o ryver_n very_o crooked_a and_o narrow_a and_o many_o point_n and_o naase_n that_o do_v let_v and_o stay_v the_o tide_n but_o afterwards_o when_o it_o be_v in_o and_o have_v take_v his_o sway_n than_o it_o can_v so_o soon_o reverse_v back_o untyll_o that_o the_o water_n be_v well_o descend_v or_o ebb_v behind_o it_o too_o the_o seawarde_n as_o it_o do_v manifest_o appear_v by_o experience_n and_o by_o this_o order_n it_o flow_v into_o all_o haven_n and_o river_n accord_v unto_o the_o indraught_n the_o seven_o chapter_n show_v the_o cause_n of_o currante_n or_o stream_n that_o run_v in_o the_o sea_n in_o such_o place_n where_o it_o do_v not_o ebb_n and_o flow_v and_o of_o currante_n or_o stream_n in_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v three_o several_a sort_n as_o in_o the_o chapter_n it_o do_v appear_v etc._n etc._n and_o furthermore_o as_o touch_v the_o currante_n or_o the_o stream_n in_o many_o place_n in_o the_o sea_n whereas_o it_o do_v not_o ebb_n and_o flow_v as_o that_o be_v perceyve_v in_o many_o place_n as_o by_o experience_n be_v see_v and_o know_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o let_v you_o understande_v what_o those_o currante_n or_o strame_n be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o continual_a run_v of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o sea_n always_o one_o way_n and_o not_o reverse_v or_o come_n back_o ward_n to_o and_o fro_o as_o it_o do_v in_o such_o place_n where_o it_o do_v ebb_v and_o flow_v but_o that_o the_o water_n always_o in_o those_o sea_n or_o part_n do_v â—unne_v continual_o one_o way_n currante_n or_o else_o at_o the_o least_o a_o long_a time_n according_a unto_o the_o natural_a cause_n of_o that_o currant_n and_o of_o these_o currante_n i_o do_v find_v three_o several_a sort_n that_o do_v come_v of_o three_o several_a cause_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v contrary_a unto_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o other_o and_o first_o concern_v the_o natural_a cause_n of_o the_o principall_a currante_n as_o by_o experience_n of_o they_o be_v see_v in_o diverse_a place_n by_o those_o that_o have_v travayl_v into_o those_o part_n by_o the_o sea_n as_o thus_o the_o currant_n run_v forcible_o and_o continual_o from_o the_o east_n unto_o the_o west_n sea_n at_o the_o cap_n bone_n speraunce_n the_o southermost_a cap_n of_o africa_n or_o ethiopia_n and_o so_o rebound_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n which_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o moon_n by_o by'r_a daily_a motion_n as_o in_o the_o chapter_n next_o before_o be_v rehearse_v as_o it_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o ensample_n of_o ebbing_n and_o flow_v and_o so_o rebound_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n by_o that_o impediment_n that_o it_o can_v get_v passage_n that_o way_n accord_v unto_o the_o daily_a motion_n than_o it_o be_v force_v to_o seek_v other_o passage_n so_o that_o part_n thereof_o do_v seek_v and_o do_v go_v through_o the_o strayghtes_n of_o magelenâ—s_n into_o the_o south_n sea_n and_o there_o the_o currant_n do_v go_v continual_o from_o the_o east_n into_o the_o west_n but_o that_o straight_o or_o passage_n be_v unsufficient_a for_o that_o it_o be_v so_o narrow_a the_o currant_n be_v force_v to_o seek_v some_o other_o way_n wherefore_o partly_o it_o do_v divide_v itself_o and_o so_o do_v run_v up_o unto_o the_o coast_n of_o brasyll_n towards_o the_o equinoctial_a by_o cap_n crucis_fw-la and_o saint_n dâ—myngs_n currant_n and_o so_o into_o the_o great_a bay_n of_o