of_o the_o noble_n and_o judge_v it_o convenient_a to_o have_v they_o bridle_v and_o restrain_v and_o know_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o hatred_n of_o the_o people_n against_o the_o nobility_n and_o that_o it_o proceed_v from_o fear_n be_v willing_a to_o secure_v they_o to_o exempt_v the_o king_n from_o the_o displeasure_n of_o the_o noble_n if_o he_o side_v with_o the_o commons_o or_o from_o the_o malice_n of_o the_o commons_o if_o he_o incline_v to_o the_o noble_n he_o erect_v a_o three_o judge_n which_o without_o any_o reflection_n upon_o the_o king_n shall_v keep_v the_o nobility_n under_o and_o protect_v the_o people_n nor_o can_v there_o be_v a_o better_a order_n wise_a nor_o of_o great_a security_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o kingdom_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v deduce_v another_o observation_n that_o prince_n be_v to_o leave_v thing_n of_o injustice_n and_o envy_n to_o the_o ministry_n and_o execution_n of_o other_o but_o act_n of_o favour_n and_o grace_n be_v to_o be_v 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the_o action_n of_o our_o time_n and_o i_o shall_v content_v myself_o with_o the_o example_n of_o all_o the_o emperor_n which_o succeed_v in_o the_o empire_n from_o marcus_n the_o philosopher_n to_o maximinus_n and_o they_o be_v marcus_z his_o son_n commodus_n pertinax_n julian_n severus_n antoninus_n his_o son_n caracalla_n macrinus_n heligabalus_fw-la alexander_n and_o maximinus_n it_o be_v first_o to_o be_v consider_v that_o whereas_o in_o other_o government_n there_o be_v nothing_o to_o contend_v with_o but_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o the_o insolence_n of_o the_o people_n the_o roman_a emperor_n have_v a_o three_o inconvenience_n to_o support_v against_o the_o avarice_n and_o cruelty_n of_o the_o soldier_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o such_o difficult_a practice_n that_o it_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o destruction_n of_o many_o of_o they_o it_o be_v very_o uneasy_a to_o please_v the_o subject_a and_o the_o soldier_n together_o for_o the_o subject_a love_n peace_n and_o choose_v therefore_o a_o prince_n that_o be_v gentle_a and_o mild_a whereas_o the_o soldier_n prefer_v a_o martial_a prince_n and_o one_o that_o be_v haughty_a and_o rigid_a aâ—d_a rapacious_a which_o good_a quality_n they_o be_v desirous_a he_o shall_v exercise_v upon_o the_o people_n that_o their_o pay_n may_v be_v increase_v and_o their_o covetousness_n and_o cruelty_n satiate_v upon_o they_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o emperor_n who_o neither_o by_o art_n nor_o nature_n be_v endue_v with_o that_o address_n and_o reputation_n as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o restrain_v both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o do_v always_o miscarry_v and_o of_o they_o the_o great_a part_n especial_o if_o but_o late_o advance_v to_o the_o empire_n understand_v the_o inconsistancy_n of_o their_o two_o humour_n incline_v to_o satisfy_v the_o soldier_n without_o regard_v how_o far_o the_o people_n be_v disoblige_v which_o council_n be_v no_o more_o than_o be_v necessary_a for_o see_v it_o can_v be_v avoid_v but_o prince_n must_v fall_v under_o the_o hatred_n of_o somebody_o they_o ought_v diligent_o to_o contend_v that_o it_o be_v not_o of_o the_o multitude_n if_o that_o be_v not_o to_o be_v obtain_v their_o next_o great_a care_n be_v to_o be_v that_o they_o incur_v not_o the_o odium_fw-la of_o such_o as_o be_v most_o potent_a among_o they_o and_o therefore_o those_o emperor_n who_o be_v new_a and_o have_v need_n of_o extraordinary_a support_n adhere_v more_o ready_o to_o the_o soldier_n than_o to_o the_o people_n which_o turn_v to_o their_o detriment_n or_o advantage_n as_o the_o prince_n know_v how_o to_o preserve_v his_o reputation_n with_o they_o from_o the_o cause_n aforesaid_a it_o happen_v that_o marcus_n aurelius_n pertinax_n and_o alexander_n be_v prince_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a modesty_n lover_n of_o justice_n enemy_n of_o cruelty_n courteous_a and_o bountiful_a come_v all_o of_o they_o except_o marcus_n to_o unfortunate_a end_n marcus_z indeed_o live_v and_o die_v in_o great_a honour_n because_o he_o come_v to_o the_o empire_n by_o way_n of_o inheritance_n and_o succession_n without_o be_v beholden_a either_o to_o soldier_n or_o people_n and_o be_v afterward_o endue_v with_o many_o good_a quality_n which_o recommend_v he_o and_o make_v he_o venerable_a among_o they_o he_o keep_v they_o both_o in_o such_o order_n while_o he_o live_v and_o hold_v they_o so_o exact_o to_o their_o bound_n that_o he_o be_v never_o either_o hate_a or_o despise_v but_o pertinax_n be_v choose_v emperor_n against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o soldier_n who_o be_v use_v to_o live_v licentious_o under_o commodus_n they_o can_v not_o brook_v that_o regularity_n to_o which_o pertinax_n endeavour_v to_o bring_v they_o so_o that_o have_v contract_v the_o odium_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o a_o certain_a disrespect_n and_o neglect_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o age_n he_o be_v ruin_v in_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o hatred_n be_v obtain_v two_o way_n by_o good_a work_n and_o bad_a and_o therefore_o a_o prince_n as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v willing_a to_o retain_v his_o jurisdiction_n be_v oftentimes_o compel_v to_o be_v bad_a for_o if_o the_o chief_a party_n whether_o it_o be_v people_n or_o army_n or_o nobility_n which_o you_o think_v most_o useful_a and_o of_o most_o consequence_n to_o you_o for_o the_o conservation_n of_o your_o dignity_n be_v corrupt_a you_o must_v follow_v their_o humour_n and_o indulge_v they_o and_o in_o that_o case_n honesty_n and_o virtue_n be_v pernicious_a but_o let_v we_o come_v to_o alexander_n who_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o such_o great_a equity_n and_o goodness_n it_o be_v reckon_v among_o his_o praise_n that_o in_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o his_o empire_n there_o be_v no_o man_n put_v to_o death_n without_o a_o fair_a trial_n nevertheless_o be_v account_v effeminate_a and_o one_o that_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v manage_v by_o his_o mother_n and_o fall_v by_o that_o mean_n into_o disgrace_n the_o army_n conspire_v and_o kill_v he_o examine_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o conduct_n of_o commodus_n severus_n antoninus_n caracalla_n and_o maziminus_fw-la you_o will_v find_v they_o cruel_a and_o rapacious_a and_o such_o as_o to_o satisfy_v the_o soldier_n omit_v no_o kind_n of_o injury_n that_o can_v be_v exercise_v against_o the_o people_n and_o all_o of_o they_o but_o severus_n be_v unfortunate_a in_o their_o end_n for_o severus_n be_v a_o prince_n of_o so_o great_a courage_n and_o magnanimity_n that_o preserve_v the_o friendship_n of_o the_o army_n though_o the_o people_n be_v oppress_v he_o make_v his_o whole_a reign_n happy_a his_o virtue_n have_v represent_v he_o so_o admirable_a both_o to_o the_o soldier_n and_o people_n that_o these_o remain_v in_o a_o manner_n stupid_a and_o astonish_v and_o the_o other_o obedient_a and_o content_v and_o because_o the_o action_n of_o severus_n be_v great_a in_o a_o new_a prince_n i_o shall_v show_v in_o brief_a how_o he_o personate_v of_o the_o fox_n and_o the_o lion_n who_o nature_n and_o property_n be_v as_o i_o say_v before_o necessary_a for_o the_o imitation_n of_o a_o prince_n severus_n therefore_o know_v the_o laziness_n and_o inactivity_n of_o julian_n the_o emperor_n persuade_v the_o army_n under_o his_o command_n in_o sclavonia_n to_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o pertinax_n who_o be_v murder_v by_o the_o imperial_a guard_n and_o under_o that_o colour_n without_o the_o least_o pretence_n to_o the_o empire_n he_o march_v his_o army_n towards_o rome_n and_o be_v in_o italy_n before_o any_o thing_n of_o his_o motion_n be_v know_v be_v arrive_v at_o rome_n the_o senate_n be_v afraid_a of_o he_o kill_v julian_n and_o elect_a severus_n after_o which_o beginning_n there_o remain_v two_o difficulty_n to_o be_v remove_v before_o he_o can_v be_v master_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n
immaculate_a there_o never_o be_v any_o citizen_n who_o presume_v by_o mean_n of_o this_o profession_n to_o make_v his_o own_o fortune_n or_o party_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n by_o break_v the_o law_n exact_v upon_o the_o province_n usurp_a and_o tyrannize_v over_o his_o country_n and_o use_v all_o mean_n to_o make_v himself_o rich_a no_o man_n of_o inferior_a condition_n ever_o think_v of_o violate_v his_o oath_n maintain_v of_o party_n disrespect_v the_o senate_n or_o promote_a of_o tumult_n or_o any_o tyrannical_a sedition_n with_o design_n of_o make_v himself_o a_o fortune_n by_o the_o profession_n of_o arms._n but_o those_o who_o have_v the_o command_n of_o their_o army_n content_v with_o their_o triumph_n return_v joyful_o to_o their_o private_a affair_n and_o the_o officer_n who_o be_v under_o they_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n with_o more_o alacrity_n than_o they_o have_v take_v they_o up_o every_o man_n return_v to_o his_o former_a course_n of_o life_n without_o any_o hope_n of_o advance_v himself_o by_o plunder_v and_o rapine_n and_o of_o this_o we_o have_v strong_a and_o evident_a cause_n of_o conjecture_n from_o the_o example_n of_o regulus_n attilius_n who_o be_v general_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n in_o africa_n and_o have_v in_o a_o manner_n conquer_v the_o carthaginian_n desire_a leave_n of_o the_o senate_n to_o return_v that_o he_o may_v look_v to_o a_o farm_n of_o he_o in_o the_o country_n which_o his_o servant_n have_v neglect_v from_o whence_o it_o be_v as_o clear_a as_o the_o day_n that_o have_v he_o make_v war_n his_o profession_n or_o design_v to_o have_v raise_v his_o own_o fortune_n out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o other_o people_n have_v so_o many_o province_n at_o his_o mercy_n he_o will_v never_o have_v be_v so_o careful_a of_o the_o improvement_n of_o a_o cottage_n when_o every_o day_n will_v have_v bring_v he_o in_o more_o than_o his_o whole_a patrimony_n be_v worth_a but_o because_o good_a man_n and_o such_o as_o be_v not_o desirous_a to_o make_v a_o trade_n of_o war_n be_v unwilling_a to_o reap_v any_o other_o fruit_n therefrom_o but_o labour_n and_o danger_n and_o glory_n when_o they_o be_v arrive_v at_o a_o sufficient_a proportion_n of_o the_o late_a it_o be_v their_o ambition_n to_o return_v quiet_o to_o their_o house_n and_o live_v upon_o their_o old_a profession_n in_o peace_n as_o to_o the_o common_a and_o private_a soldier_n it_o be_v clear_a they_o be_v of_o the_o same_o humour_n and_o decline_v any_o such_o profession_n for_o though_o when_o they_o be_v at_o home_n they_o desire_v many_o of_o they_o to_o be_v in_o the_o war_n yet_o when_o they_o be_v in_o the_o war_n they_o be_v as_o willing_a to_o be_v dismiss_v this_o be_v manifest_a by_o several_a argument_n but_o especial_o by_o the_o privilege_n which_o the_o roman_n grant_v to_o their_o citizen_n that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o the_o war_n against_o his_o own_o inclination_n so_o that_o rome_n whilst_o it_o be_v well_o govern_v which_o be_v till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o gracchi_n have_v never_o any_o soldier_n who_o make_v it_o his_o profession_n to_o be_v so_o by_o which_o mean_v few_o of_o they_o be_v dissolute_a and_o those_o who_o be_v be_v punish_v severe_o a_o city_n then_o well_o constitute_v and_o govern_v be_v to_o take_v care_n that_o this_o art_n of_o war_n be_v use_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n only_o as_o a_o exercise_n and_o in_o time_n of_o war_n only_o for_o necessity_n and_o the_o acquisition_n of_o glory_n leave_v the_o constant_a practice_n and_o profession_n of_o it_o to_o the_o state_n as_o the_o roman_n do_v ancient_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o rome_n that_o citizen_n who_o have_v any_o other_o design_n in_o the_o profession_n of_o arm_n let_v he_o be_v what_o he_o will_v be_v no_o honest_a man_n and_o that_o city_n which_o be_v govern_v any_o other_o way_n be_v as_o much_o in_o the_o wrong_n cosimo_n i_o be_o very_a well_o satisfy_v with_o what_o you_o have_v say_v hitherto_o and_o do_v acquiesce_v in_o your_o conclusion_n as_o far_o as_o it_o relate_v to_o a_o commonwealth_n but_o as_o to_o king_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o dissent_v because_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v it_o convenient_a a_o king_n shall_v have_v those_o about_o he_o who_o make_v arm_n their_o profession_n chap._n iu._n that_o a_o king_n ought_v not_o to_o permit_v his_o subject_n to_o make_v arm_n their_o profession_n for_o the_o mischief_n which_o do_v frequent_o ensue_v fabritio_n a_o kingdom_n well_o govern_v aught_o the_o more_o careful_o avoid_v people_n of_o that_o condition_n because_o it_o be_v they_o who_o debauch_n their_o king_n by_o be_v the_o only_a minister_n of_o his_o tyranny_n and_o do_v not_o object_v to_o i_o any_o of_o our_o present_a kingdom_n for_o i_o shall_v deny_v absolute_o that_o they_o be_v as_o well_o govern_v as_o former_o when_o king_n have_v no_o sovereignty_n nor_o absolute_a power_n but_o in_o the_o army_n because_o there_o and_o no_o where_o else_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o speedy_a resolution_n and_o that_o such_o a_o power_n shall_v be_v repose_v in_o a_o single_a person_n in_o other_o case_n they_o ought_v to_o do_v nothing_o without_o their_o counsel_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v the_o particular_a care_n of_o all_o that_o be_v of_o counsel_n to_o a_o prince_n to_o keep_v off_o such_o person_n from_o about_o he_o as_o promote_v war_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n because_o they_o can_v frame_v themselves_o to_o any_o other_o way_n of_o subsistence_n but_o i_o will_v discourse_v something_o more_o large_o of_o this_o matter_n not_o stand_v so_o much_o upon_o a_o kingdom_n that_o be_v perfect_o good_a according_a to_o the_o model_n of_o the_o ancient_n but_o suppose_v such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v like_o the_o kingdom_n of_o our_o day_n in_o which_o likewise_o a_o king_n ought_v to_o be_v fearful_a of_o such_o as_o live_v whole_o by_o war_n because_o the_o nerve_n and_o strength_n of_o all_o army_n lie_v certain_o in_o the_o infantry_n wherefore_o if_o a_o king_n order_v his_o matter_n so_o ill_a that_o his_o foot_n be_v not_o content_a to_o return_v to_o their_o several_a calling_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o live_v as_o former_o by_o their_o labour_n he_o must_v necessary_o be_v ruin_v for_o of_o all_o the_o soldier_n in_o the_o world_n none_o be_v so_o dangerous_a as_o those_o who_o make_v war_n their_o profession_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o you_o must_v be_v always_o at_o war_n or_o keep_v they_o always_o in_o pay_n otherwise_o you_o will_v run_v a_o great_a hazard_n of_o be_v turn_v out_o of_o your_o kingdom_n and_o because_o it_o be_v impossible_a either_o to_o maintain_v war_n perpetual_o or_o keep_v they_o in_o continual_a pay_n you_o will_v be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o your_o kingdom_n my_o countryman_n the_o roman_n as_o i_o say_v before_o whilst_o they_o be_v wise_a and_o honest_a never_o suffer_v their_o citizen_n to_o make_v that_o exercise_n their_o call_n though_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o perpetual_a war_n they_o be_v able_a to_o have_v pay_v they_o perpetual_o but_o to_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v follow_v thereupon_o see_v the_o condition_n of_o their_o time_n do_v not_o alter_v they_o alter_v their_o man_n order_v their_o affair_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o every_o fifteen_o year_n their_o legion_n be_v renew_v and_o fill_v up_o again_o with_o young_a man_n in_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o age_n that_o be_v to_o say_v betwixt_o eighteen_o and_o thirty_o five_o year_n of_o age_n during_o which_o time_n their_o leg_n their_o hand_n and_o their_o eye_n do_v correspond_v one_o with_o the_o other_o and_o be_v in_o the_o same_o disposition_n for_o they_o do_v not_o keep_v they_o till_o their_o strength_n and_o vigour_n decay_v and_o their_o frowardness_n and_o insolence_n increase_v as_o they_o do_v afterward_o when_o the_o time_n be_v more_o corrupt_a for_o octavian_n first_o and_o afterward_o tiberius_n prefer_v 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consequence_n of_o the_o perfection_n of_o their_o commonwealth_n i_o say_v if_o reader_n will_v thus_o judge_v how_o can_v i_o in_o reason_n be_v accuse_v for_o that_o it_o will_v become_v those_o who_o lie_v this_o blame_n upon_o i_o to_o undeceive_v they_o who_o my_o paper_n have_v miss_v and_o to_o show_v the_o world_n to_o what_o other_o cause_n we_o may_v impute_v those_o admirable_a effect_n those_o heroic_a quality_n and_o performance_n that_o integrity_n and_o purity_n of_o manner_n that_o scorn_v of_o riches_n and_o life_n itself_o when_o the_o public_a be_v concern_v if_o they_o please_v to_o do_v this_o they_o will_v oblige_v my_o reader_n who_o will_v owe_v to_o such_o the_o rectify_v their_o judgement_n and_o not_o at_o all_o offend_v i_o who_o have_v reason_v this_o matter_n impartial_o and_o without_o passion_n nor_o have_v positive_o affirm_v any_o thing_n but_o what_o if_o this_o part_n of_o my_o accusation_n have_v be_v true_a why_o shall_v i_o be_v condemn_v of_o 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that_o action_n that_o he_o be_v the_o person_n who_o god_n intend_v to_o make_v use_n of_o in_o deliver_v they_o from_o the_o horrid_a slavery_n they_o be_v then_o under_o if_o any_o man_n will_v read_v over_o my_o book_n of_o the_o prince_n with_o impartiality_n and_o ordinary_a charity_n he_o will_v easy_o perceive_v that_o it_o be_v not_o my_o intention_n therein_o to_o recommend_v that_o government_n or_o those_o man_n there_o describe_v to_o the_o world_n much_o less_o to_o teach_v they_o to_o trample_v upon_o good_a man_n and_o all_o that_o be_v sacred_a and_o venerable_a upon_o earth_n law_n religion_n honesty_n and_o what_o not_o if_o i_o have_v be_v a_o little_a too_o punctual_a in_o design_v these_o monster_n and_o draw_v they_o to_o the_o life_n in_o all_o their_o lineament_n and_o colour_n i_o hope_v mankind_n will_v know_v they_o the_o better_a to_o avoid_v they_o my_o treatise_n be_v both_o a_o satyr_n against_o they_o and_o a_o true_a character_n of_o they_o i_o speak_v 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my_o only_a scope_n and_o design_n be_v to_o promote_v the_o interest_n and_o welfare_n of_o mankind_n and_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o world_n both_o which_o i_o be_o so_o vain_a as_o to_o believe_v will_v be_v better_o obtain_v and_o provide_v for_o if_o the_o principle_n i_o lay_v down_o be_v follow_v and_o observe_v hy_z prince_n and_o people_n than_o they_o be_v like_a to_o be_v by_o those_o maxim_n which_o be_v in_o this_o age_n most_o in_o vogue_n for_o myself_o i_o shall_v only_o say_v and_o call_v you_o all_o to_o witness_v for_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o that_o as_o by_o my_o birth_n i_o be_o a_o gentleman_n and_o of_o a_o family_n which_o have_v have_v many_o gonfalonier_n of_o justice_n in_o it_o magistrate_n so_o i_o have_v be_v use_v in_o many_o employment_n of_o great_a trust_n both_o in_o our_o city_n and_o abroad_o and_o at_o this_o hour_n i_o be_o not_o in_o my_o estate_n one_o penny_n the_o better_a for_o they_o all_o nor_o shall_v i_o have_v be_v although_o i_o have_v never_o suffer_v any_o loss_n by_o the_o seizure_n of_o my_o estate_n in_o the_o year_n 1531._o for_o my_o carriage_n it_o have_v ever_o be_v void_a of_o faction_n and_o contention_n i_o never_o have_v any_o prejudice_n against_o the_o house_n of_o medici_n but_o honour_v the_o person_n of_o all_o those_o of_o that_o family_n who_o i_o know_v and_o the_o memory_n of_o such_o of_o they_o as_o live_v before_o i_o who_o i_o acknowledge_v to_o have_v be_v excellent_a patriot_n and_o pillar_n of_o our_o city_n and_o commonwealth_n during_o the_o turbulent_a time_n of_o piero_n and_o after_o his_o expulsion_n out_o of_o florence_n though_o my_o employment_n be_v but_o ministerial_a my_o advice_n be_v ask_v in_o many_o grave_a matter_n which_o i_o ever_o deliver_v with_o impartiality_n
who_o expect_v with_o meekness_n and_o humility_n to_o work_v upon_o the_o proud_a 349_o chap._n 15._o weak_a state_n be_v irresolute_a and_o uncertain_a in_o their_o council_n and_o slow_a council_n be_v most_o common_o pernicious_a 350_o chap._n 16._o how_o much_o the_o soldier_n of_o our_o time_n do_v differ_v from_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_n 351_o chap._n 17._o how_o the_o army_n of_o our_o time_n be_v to_o judge_v of_o artillery_n and_o whether_o the_o general_a opinion_n of_o it_o be_v true_a 353_o chap._n 18._o how_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o universal_a discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_n the_o foot_n be_v more_o serviceable_a than_o the_o horse_n 355_o chap._n 19_o the_o conquest_n of_o commonwealth_n that_o be_v ill_o govern_v and_o contrary_a to_o the_o model_n of_o the_o roman_n do_v conduce_v more_o to_o the_o ruin_n than_o advancement_n of_o their_o affair_n 357_o chap._n 29._o no_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n without_o manifest_a danger_n can_v employ_v foreign_a force_n either_o auxiliary_a or_o mercenary_a 359_o chap._n 21._o the_o first_o praetor_n which_o the_o roman_n ever_o send_v out_o of_o their_o own_o city_n be_v to_o capua_n and_o that_o be_v 400_o year_n after_o they_o begin_v first_o to_o make_v war_n 360_o chap._n 22._o how_o uncertain_a the_o judgement_n of_o most_o people_n be_v in_o thing_n of_o great_a importance_n 361_o chap._n 23._o how_o the_o roman_n upon_o any_o accident_n which_o necessitate_v they_o to_o give_v judgement_n upon_o their_o subject_n avoid_v always_o the_o midway_n 362_o chap._n 14._o that_o in_o the_o generality_n castle_n and_o citadel_n do_v more_o mischief_n than_o good_a 364_o chap._n 25._o to_o attempt_v a_o city_n full_a of_o intestine_a division_n and_o to_o expect_v to_o carry_v it_o thereby_o be_v uncertain_a and_o dangerous_a 367_o chap._n 26._o he_o who_o contemn_v or_o reproach_n another_o person_n incur_v his_o hatred_n without_o any_o advantage_n to_o himself_o ib._n chap._n 27._o wise_a prince_n and_o well_o govern_v state_n aught_o to_o be_v content_v with_o victory_n for_o many_o time_n whilst_o they_o think_v to_o push_v thing_n forward_o they_o lose_v all_o 368_o chap._n 28._o how_o much_o it_o be_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o all_o government_n that_o all_o injury_n be_v punish_v whether_o against_o the_o public_a or_o particular_a person_n 369_o chap._n 29._o fortune_n cast_v a_o mist_n before_o people_n eye_n when_o she_o will_v not_o have_v they_o oppose_v her_o design_n 370_o chap._n 30._o prince_n and_o republic_n that_o be_v true_o magnificent_a do_v not_o make_v their_o league_n and_o alliance_n with_o money_n but_o by_o their_o virtue_n reputation_n and_o force_v 372_o chap._n 31._o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o believe_v exile_n too_o far_o 373_o chap._n 32._o how_o many_o several_a way_n the_o roman_n use_v to_o conquer_v their_o town_n 374_o chap._n 33._o how_o the_o roman_n upon_o any_o expedition_n give_v their_o general_n general_a commission_n 375_o book_n iii_o chap._n 1._o that_o a_o sect_n or_o commonwealth_n be_v long-lived_a it_o be_v necessary_a to_o correct_v it_o often_o and_o reduce_v it_o towards_o its_o first_o principle_n 377_o chap._n 2._o it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o wise_a man_n sometime_o to_o pretend_v himself_o a_o fool_n 379_o chap._n 3._o the_o liberty_n new_o acquire_v can_v not_o have_v be_v preserve_v but_o by_o the_o execution_n of_o brutus_n his_o son_n 380_o chap._n 4._o a_o prince_n be_v never_o safe_a in_o his_o new_a conquest_n whilst_o they_o be_v in_o be_v who_o he_o dispossess_v 381_o chap._n 5._o how_o a_o king_n may_v lose_v his_o kingdom_n though_o he_o come_v to_o it_o by_o inheritance_n ib._n chap._n 6._o of_o conspiracy_n 382_o chap._n 7._o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o the_o change_n of_o state_n from_o liberty_n to_o servitude_n and_o from_o servitude_n to_o liberty_n some_o be_v very_o innocent_a and_o other_o very_o bloody_a 391_o chap._n 8._o he_o who_o will_v change_v the_o form_n of_o a_o government_n be_v to_o consider_v serious_o upon_o what_o ground_n he_o do_v it_o and_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o subject_n 392_o chap._n 9_o how_o he_o that_o will_v succeed_v must_v accommodate_v to_o the_o time_n 393_o chap._n 10._o a_o general_n can_v avoid_v fight_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v resolve_v to_o engage_v he_o upon_o any_o term_n 394_o chap._n 11._o one_o person_n that_o have_v many_o enemy_n upon_o his_o hand_n though_o he_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o yet_o if_o he_o consustain_v their_o first_o impression_n carry_v common_o the_o victory_n 396_o chap._n 12._o a_o wise_a general_n be_v to_o put_v a_o necessity_n of_o fight_v upon_o his_o own_o army_n but_o to_o prevent_v it_o to_o his_o enemy_n 397_o chap._n 13._o whether_o we_o be_v more_o safe_a in_o a_o good_a general_n with_o a_o bad_a army_n or_o a_o good_a army_n with_o a_o bad_a general_n 398_o chap._n 14._o what_o strange_a effect_n new_a invention_n have_v sometime_o in_o a_o battle_n and_o how_o new_a noise_n have_v the_o same_o 399_o chap._n 15._o one_o general_n be_v best_a for_o a_o army_n and_o that_o to_o govern_v it_o by_o commissioner_n be_v not_o so_o good_a 400_o chap._n 16._o that_o in_o time_n of_o difficulty_n virtue_n be_v in_o esteem_n in_o time_n of_o ease_n and_o luxury_n man_n of_o riches_n and_o alliance_n be_v in_o great_a request_n 401_o chap._n 17._o a_o man_n be_v not_o to_o be_v disoblige_v and_o employ_v afterward_o in_o any_o matter_n of_o importance_n 402_o chap._n 18._o nothing_o be_v more_o honourable_a in_o a_o general_n thâ—n_o to_o foresee_v the_o design_n of_o his_o enemy_n 403_o chap._n 19_o whether_o for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o multitude_n obsequiousness_n and_o indulgence_n be_v more_o necessary_a than_o punishment_n 404_o chap._n 20._o one_o instance_n of_o humanity_n wrought_v more_o upon_o the_o falisci_n than_o all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o roman_n 405_o chap._n 21._o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o hannibal_n by_o method_n quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o be_v practise_v by_o scipio_n do_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o italy_n that_o the_o other_o do_v in_o spain_n ib._n chap._n 22._o how_o the_o austerity_n of_o manlius_n torquatus_n and_o the_o humanity_n of_o valerius_n corvinus_n gain_v each_o of_o they_o the_o same_o honour_n and_o reputation_n 406_o chap._n 23._o upon_o what_o occasion_n camillus_n be_v banish_v from_o rome_n 409_o chap._n 24._o the_o prolongation_n of_o commission_n bring_v rome_n first_o into_o servitude_n ib._n chap._n 25._o of_o the_o poverty_n of_o cincinnatus_n and_o several_a other_o citizen_n of_o rome_n 410_o chap._n 26._o woman_n be_v many_o time_n the_o destruction_n of_o state_n 411_o chap._n 27_o how_o the_o civil_a discord_n in_o a_o city_n be_v to_o be_v compose_v and_o of_o the_o falsity_n of_o that_o opinion_n that_o the_o best_a way_n to_o keep_v a_o city_n in_o subjection_n be_v to_o keep_v it_o divide_v ib._n chap._n 28._o a_o strict_a eye_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v upon_o the_o citizen_n for_o under_o pretence_n of_o officiousness_n and_o piety_n there_o be_v hide_v a_o principle_n of_o tyranny_n 413_o chap._n 29._o that_o the_o transgression_n of_o the_o people_n do_v spring_v common_o from_o the_o prince_n ib._n chap._n 30._o a_o citizen_n who_o will_v do_v any_o great_a matter_n by_o his_o own_o authority_n must_v first_o extinguish_v all_o envy_n in_o what_o matter_n thing_n be_v to_o be_v order_v upon_o the_o approach_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o how_o a_o city_n be_v to_o be_v defend_v 414_o chap._n 31._o powerful_a state_n and_o excellent_a person_n retain_v the_o same_o mind_n and_o dignity_n in_o all_o kind_n of_o condition_n 416_o chap._n 32._o the_o way_n which_o some_o people_n have_v take_v to_o prevent_v a_o peace_n 417_o chap._n 33._o to_o the_o obtain_v a_o victory_n it_o be_v necessary_a your_o army_n have_v a_o confidence_n not_o only_o in_o one_o another_o but_o in_o their_o general_n 418_o chap._n 34._o what_o vogue_n fame_n or_o opinion_n dispose_v the_o people_n first_o to_o favour_v some_o particular_a citizen_n and_o whether_o they_o or_o a_o prince_n distributes_z their_o office_n with_o most_o prudence_n and_o judgement_n 419_o chap._n 35._o what_o danger_n they_o incur_v who_o make_v themselves_o author_n of_o any_o enterprise_n and_o the_o more_o extraordinary_a the_o design_n the_o great_a the_o danger_n 420_o chap._n 36._o the_o reason_n why_o at_o the_o first_o charge_n the_o french_a have_v be_v and_o still_o be_v account_v more_o than_o man_n but_o afterward_o less_o than_o woman_n 422_o chap._n 37._o whether_o fight_v in_o small_a party_n or_o pickeer_v before_o a_o battle_n be_v necessary_a and_o how_o the_o temper_n of_o a_o new_a enemy_n be_v to_o be_v find_v without_o they_o 423_o chap._n 38._o how_o a_o general_n be_v
have_v conquer_a africa_n drive_v out_o the_o vandal_n and_o reduce_v it_o under_o that_o empire_n again_o have_v first_o possess_v himself_o of_o sicily_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v his_o army_n into_o italy_n bellisarius_fw-la recover_v naples_n and_o rome_n the_o goth_n foresee_v their_o destruction_n emperor_n kill_v theodate_v their_o king_n as_o the_o occasion_n of_o all_o and_o elect_a vitegetes_n in_o his_o place_n who_o after_o several_a skirmish_n be_v at_o length_n besiege_v and_o take_v in_o ravenna_n by_o bellisarius_fw-la who_o not_o prosecute_a his_o victory_n as_o be_v expect_v be_v call_v back_o by_o justinian_n and_o his_o command_n give_v to_o johannes_n and_o vitalis_n who_o be_v much_o short_a of_o he_o both_o in_o virtue_n and_o conversation_n so_o that_o the_o goth_n take_v heart_n and_o create_v ildovado_n their_o king_n who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n governor_n of_o verona_n and_o be_v kill_v short_o after_o the_o kingship_n fall_v to_o totila_n who_o beat_v the_o emperor_n force_n recover_v tuscany_n and_o subdue_v the_o governor_n of_o all_o those_o province_n which_o bellisarius_fw-la have_v reduce_v upon_o which_o misfortune_n justinianus_n think_v it_o necessary_a to_o send_v he_o again_o into_o italy_n but_o return_v with_o small_a force_n he_o rather_o lose_v what_o he_o have_v gain_v before_o than_o acquire_v any_o new_a reputation_n for_o totila_n whilst_o bellisarius_fw-la lie_v encamp_v with_o his_o army_n at_o hostia_fw-la besiege_a rome_n rome_n and_o take_v it_o as_o it_o be_v under_o his_o nose_n and_o then_o upon_o consideration_n that_o he_o can_v neither_o well_o keep_v nor_o relinquish_v it_o he_o demolish_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o force_v away_o the_o people_n and_o carry_v the_o senator_n as_o prisoner_n along_o with_o he_o and_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o bellisarius_fw-la he_o advance_v with_o his_o army_n into_o calabria_n to_o encounter_v and_o cut_v off_o certain_a supply_n which_o be_v send_v out_o of_o greece_n to_o reinforce_v he_o bellisarius_fw-la see_v rome_n abandon_v in_o this_o manner_n address_v himself_o to_o a_o very_a honourable_a enterprise_n and_o enter_v the_o city_n repair_v the_o wall_n withal_o possible_a celerity_n and_o reinvited_n the_o inhabitant_n when_o he_o have_v do_v but_o fortune_n concur_v not_o to_o the_o nobleness_n of_o his_o design_n for_o justinianus_n be_v at_o that_o time_n invade_v by_o the_o parthi_a bellisarius_fw-la be_v call_v back_o to_o repel_v the_o invasion_n in_o obedience_n to_o his_o master_n he_o march_v his_o army_n out_o of_o italy_n and_o leave_v that_o province_n to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o seize_v again_o upon_o rome_n but_o use_v it_o not_o so_o barbarous_o as_o before_o be_v wrought_v upon_o by_o the_o prayer_n of_o saint_n benedict_n a_o person_n very_o eminent_a in_o those_o time_n for_o his_o sanctity_n he_o apply_v himself_o rather_o to_o repair_v than_o destroy_v it_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n justinian_n have_v make_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o parthi_a and_o resolve_v to_o send_v new_a supply_n into_o italy_n he_o be_v divert_v by_o a_o new_a alarm_n from_o the_o sclavi_n another_o northern_a people_n who_o have_v pass_v the_o danube_n and_o fall_v upon_o illyria_n and_o thrace_n so_o that_o totila_n have_v his_o full_a swing_n and_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n in_o possession_n of_o all_o italy_n as_o soon_o as_o justinian_n have_v conquer_a the_o sclavi_n and_o settle_v the_o country_n which_o they_o have_v invade_v he_o send_v a_o new_a army_n into_o italy_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o narsetes_n a_o eunuch_n justinian_n a_o brave_a captain_n and_o of_o great_a experience_n in_o the_o war_n be_v arrive_v in_o italy_n he_o fight_v beat_v and_o kill_v totila_n after_o who_o death_n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o goth_n retire_v into_o pavia_n and_o make_v teia_n their_o king_n on_o the_o other_o side_n narsete_v after_o his_o victory_n take_v rome_n and_o than_o march_v against_o teia_n he_o engage_v he_o about_o nocera_n defeat_v his_o army_n and_o slay_v he_o among_o the_o rest_n by_o which_o disaster_n the_o very_a name_n of_o the_o goth_n be_v well_o near_o extinguish_v in_o italy_n where_o they_o have_v reign_v from_o the_o time_n of_o theodorick_n to_o this_o teia_n full_a seventy_o year_n but_o italy_n be_v scarce_o warm_a in_o its_o liberty_n when_o justinianus_n die_v and_o leave_v his_o son_n justinus_n to_o succeed_v who_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o wife_n sophia_n recall_v narsetes_n out_o of_o italy_n and_o send_v longinus_n in_o his_o place_n longinus_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o his_o predecessor_n keep_v his_o residence_n at_o ravenna_n in_o other_o thing_n he_o digress_v italy_n and_o particular_o by_o introduce_v a_o new_a form_n of_o government_n in_o italy_n not_o constitute_v governor_n in_o every_o province_n as_o the_o goth_n have_v do_v before_o but_o depute_v a_o captain_n in_o every_o city_n or_o other_o town_n of_o importance_n with_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n nor_o in_o this_o distribution_n do_v he_o show_v any_o great_a favour_n to_o rome_n than_o to_o the_o rest_n for_o remove_v the_o consul_n and_o senate_n name_v which_o to_o that_o time_n have_v be_v sacred_a among_o they_o he_o constitute_v a_o duke_n which_o he_o send_v every_o year_n from_o ravenna_n and_o his_o government_n be_v call_v the_o dukedom_n of_o rome_n but_o lie_v that_o more_o immediate_o represent_v the_o emperor_n at_o ravenna_n and_o have_v the_o universal_a government_n of_o italy_n be_v call_v esarco_n this_o division_n not_o only_a facilitated_a the_o ruin_n of_o italy_n but_o hasten_v it_o exceed_o by_o give_v the_o lombard_n opportunity_n to_o possess_v it_o narsetes_n be_v much_o disgu_v with_o the_o emperor_n for_o call_v he_o off_o from_o the_o command_n of_o those_o province_n which_o by_o his_o own_o virtue_n and_o effusion_n of_o his_o blood_n he_o have_v acquire_v and_o sophia_n not_o think_v it_o injury_n sufficient_a to_o get_v he_o recall_v have_v give_v out_o contumelious_a word_n as_o if_o she_o will_v make_v he_o spin_v among_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o eunuch_n whereupon_o in_o great_a disdain_n narsetes_n encourage_v alboino_n king_n of_o the_o lombard_n who_o at_o that_o time_n govern_v in_o pannonia_n to_o invade_v italy_n and_o possess_v it_o as_o be_v show_v before_o the_o lombard_n be_v enter_v and_o have_v take_v possession_n of_o such_o place_n upon_o the_o danube_n as_o have_v be_v desert_v by_o the_o eruli_n and_o turingi_n when_o odoacre_n their_o king_n conduct_v they_o into_o italy_n they_o have_v continue_v there_o some_o time_n till_o their_o kingdom_n fall_v to_o alboino_n for_o a_o dare_a and_o courageous_a man_n under_o who_o pass_v the_o danube_n they_o encounter_v with_o commodus_n king_n of_o the_o zepidi_n a_o people_n plant_v in_o pannonia_n and_o overcome_v he_o among_o the_o rest_n rosmunda_n one_o of_o commodus_n daughter_n be_v take_v prisoner_n who_o alboinus_n take_v for_o his_o wife_n make_v himself_o lord_n of_o her_o country_n and_o move_v by_o the_o barbarousness_n of_o his_o nature_n he_o cause_v a_o cup_n to_o be_v make_v of_o her_o father_n skull_n and_o in_o memory_n of_o that_o victory_n drink_v out_o of_o it_o very_o often_o but_o be_v call_v into_o italy_n by_o narsetes_n with_o who_o he_o have_v retain_v a_o friendship_n in_o his_o war_n with_o the_o goth_n he_o leave_v pannonia_n to_o the_o hunni_n who_o as_o we_o say_v before_o return_v into_o their_o own_o country_n after_o the_o death_n of_o attila_n march_v into_o italy_n and_o find_v it_o so_o strange_o cantonize_v and_o divide_v he_o possess_v or_o rather_o surprise_v pavia_n milan_n verona_n vicenza_n all_o tuscany_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o flaminia_n call_v now_o romagna_n so_o that_o presume_v from_o the_o greatness_n and_o suddenness_n of_o his_o conquest_n all_o italy_n be_v his_o own_o he_o make_v a_o solemn_a feast_n at_o verona_n where_o much_o drink_v have_v 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virtue_n as_o by_o the_o chivalry_n of_o his_o uncle_n pepin_n and_o charles_n martel_n his_o father_n for_o charles_n martel_n be_v governor_n of_o that_o kingdom_n give_v that_o memorable_a defeat_n to_o the_o saracen_n near_o torsi_fw-la upon_o the_o river_n totra_fw-fr in_o which_o above_o 200000._o of_o they_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o reputation_n of_o which_o victor'y_v under_o the_o discipline_n of_o his_o father_n and_o his_o own_o deportment_n in_o it_o beside_o pepin_n be_v afterward_o make_v king_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o who_o when_o pope_n gregory_n apply_v himself_o for_o relief_n against_o the_o lombard_n pepin_n return_v answer_n that_o he_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o assist_v he_o but_o he_o desire_v first_o to_o have_v the_o honour_n to_o see_v he_o and_o pay_v his_o personal_a respect_n upon_o which_o invitation_n pope_n gregory_n go_v into_o france_n pass_v through_o the_o lombard_n quarter_n without_o any_o interruption_n so_o great_a reverence_n they_o bear_v 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adjacent_a and_o under_o the_o exarchat_n of_o ravenna_n shall_v be_v call_v romagna_n moreover_o he_o create_v his_o son_n pepin_n king_n of_o italy_n extend_v his_o jurisdiction_n as_o far_o as_o benevento_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v continue_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n with_o who_o charles_n have_v make_v a_o alliance_n during_o these_o transaction_n cardinal_n pascal_n the_o first_o be_v elect_v pope_n and_o the_o parish_n priest_n in_o rome_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o propinquity_n and_o readiness_n at_o every_o election_n to_o adorn_v their_o power_n with_o a_o more_o illustrious_a title_n begin_v to_o be_v call_v cardinal_n arrogate_a so_o much_o to_o themselves_o especial_o after_o they_o have_v exclude_v the_o voice_n of_o the_o people_n that_o seldom_o any_o pope_n be_v create_v but_o by_o they_o out_o of_o their_o own_o number_n pascal_n be_v dead_a he_o be_v succeed_v by_o eugenius_n the_o second_o of_o the_o order_n of_o santa_n sabina_n italy_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n under_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o french_a pope_n change_v its_o form_n and_o oeconomy_n in_o some_o measure_n for_o the_o pope_n have_v encroach_v upon_o the_o temporal_a authority_n create_v count_n and_o marquess_n as_o longinus_n exarchat_n of_o ravenna_n name_n have_v make_v duke_n before_o after_o some_o few_o ospurcus_n a_o roman_a succeed_v to_o the_o papacy_n who_o not_o satisfy_v with_o the_o uncomliness_n of_o his_o name_n call_v himself_o sergius_n and_o give_v the_o first_o occasion_n for_o the_o change_a their_o name_n which_o have_v since_o be_v frequent_o practise_v at_o their_o several_a election_n about_o this_o time_n charles_n the_o emperor_n die_v and_o his_o son_n lodovic_n succeed_v yet_o not_o so_o quiet_o but_o that_o there_o arise_v so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o his_o son_n that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o his_o grandchild_n the_o empire_n be_v wrest_v from_o his_o family_n restore_v to_o the_o almain_n and_o the_o next_o german_a emperor_n be_v call_v ainolfus_fw-la nor_o do_v charles_n his_o posterity_n by_o their_o dissension_n lose_v only_o the_o empire_n but_o their_o sovereignty_n in_o italy_n likewise_o for_o the_o lombard_n resume_v courage_n fall_v foul_a upon_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o roman_n who_o not_o know_v to_o who_o protection_n to_o betake_v himself_o be_v constrain_v to_o make_v berengarius_fw-la dukeof_n friuli_fw-la king_n of_o italy_n encourage_v by_o these_o accident_n the_o hunni_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v plant_v in_o pannonia_n take_v heart_n and_o invade_v italy_n but_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n with_o berengarius_fw-la they_o be_v overthrow_v and_o force_v back_o again_o into_o pannonia_n or_o rather_o into_o hungaria_n it_o be_v at_o that_o time_n call_v by_o their_o name_n at_o that_o time_n romano_n be_v emperor_n of_o greece_n who_o be_v general_n of_o his_o army_n have_v usurp_v upon_o constantine_n and_o force_v the_o government_n out_o of_o his_o hand_n and_o because_o during_o these_o innovation_n puglia_n and_o calabria_n which_o as_o i_o say_v before_o have_v subject_v themselves_o to_o that_o empire_n be_v then_o in_o rebellion_n enrage_v at_o their_o insolence_n he_o permit_v the_o saracen_n to_o possess_v those_o country_n if_o they_o can_v gain_v they_o who_o invade_v they_o thereupon_o immediate_o subdue_v they_o and_o attempt_v upon_o rome_n but_o the_o roman_n berengarius_fw-la being_n employ_v against_o the_o hunni_n make_v alberigo_n duke_n of_o tuscany_n their_o general_n by_o who_o valour_n their_o city_n be_v preserve_v and_o the_o saracen_n raise_v their_o siege_n retire_v build_v a_o castle_n upon_o the_o mountain_n gargano_n and_o from_o thence_o lord_v it_o over_o puglia_n and_o calabria_n and_o infest_a all_o that_o part_n of_o italy_n beside_o thus_o it_o be_v that_o italy_n in_o those_o time_n be_v marvellous_o afflict_v towards_o the_o alps_o by_o the_o hunni_n towards_o naples_n by_o the_o saracen_n
in_o romania_n and_o perform_v very_o valiant_o in_o all_o those_o war_n of_o tancred_n one_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o those_o norman_n be_v bear_v several_a son_n among_o which_o william_n call_v ferabar_n and_o roberto_n call_v guiscardo_n be_v two_o william_n arrive_v to_o be_v prince_n and_o the_o tumult_n in_o italy_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n compose_v but_o the_o saracen_n have_v sicily_n entire_a and_o daily_a invasion_n make_v upon_o italy_n william_n enter_v into_o confederacy_n with_o the_o prince_n of_o capua_n and_o salerno_n and_o with_o milorcus_fw-la a_o grecian_a who_o by_o the_o emperor_n of_o greece_n be_v depute_v governor_n of_o puglia_n and_o calabria_n to_o invade_v sicily_n and_o in_o case_n of_o victory_n it_o be_v agree_v among_o they_o that_o both_o prey_n and_o country_n shall_v be_v equa_o divide_v the_o enterprise_n be_v prosperous_a they_o beat_v the_o saracen_n drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o possess_v it_o when_o they_o have_v do_v but_o milorcus_fw-la cause_v more_o force_n to_o be_v transport_v private_o out_o of_o greece_n seize_v the_o island_n for_o the_o emperor_n and_o divide_v only_o the_o spoil_n william_n be_v not_o a_o little_a disgu_v but_o reserve_v his_o indignation_n for_o a_o more_o convenient_a time_n he_o depart_v out_o of_o sicily_n with_o the_o prince_n of_o capua_n and_o salerno_n who_o have_v take_v their_o leaf_n of_o he_o to_o return_v to_o their_o home_n in_o stead_n of_o march_v to_o romania_n as_o he_o pretend_v to_o they_o he_o face_v about_o with_o his_o army_n towards_o puglia_n surprise_v melfi_n and_o behave_v himself_o so_o well_o against_o the_o force_n of_o the_o emperor_n that_o he_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o most_o part_n of_o puglia_n and_o calabria_n which_o province_n at_o the_o time_n of_o nicolas_n ii_o be_v govern_v by_o his_o brother_n roberto_n and_o because_o he_o have_v afterward_o great_a contention_n with_o his_o nephew_n about_o the_o inheritance_n of_o those_o state_n he_o make_v use_v of_o the_o pope_n mediation_n who_o ready_o comply_v be_v desirous_a to_o oblige_v roberto_n that_o he_o may_v defend_v he_o against_o the_o german_a emperor_n and_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o it_o afterward_o happen_v as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o that_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o gregory_n vii_o he_o force_v enrico_n from_o rome_n and_o suppress_v the_o sedition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n robert_n be_v succeed_v by_o two_o of_o his_o son_n roger_n and_o william_n to_o their_o inheritance_n they_o annex_v the_o city_n of_o naples_n and_o all_o the_o country_n betwixt_o it_o and_o rome_n beside_o that_o they_o subdue_v sicily_n of_o which_o roger_n be_v make_v lord_n but_o william_n go_v afterward_o to_o constantinople_n to_o marry_v that_o emperor_n daughter_n roger_n take_v advantage_n of_o his_o absence_n seize_v upon_o his_o country_n and_o elate_v by_o so_o great_a a_o acquest_n cause_v himself_o first_o to_o be_v call_v king_n of_o italy_n but_o afterward_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o puglia_n and_o sicily_n he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o give_v name_n and_o law_n to_o that_o kingdom_n sicily_n which_o to_o this_o day_n it_o retain_v though_o many_o time_n since_o not_o only_o the_o royal_a blood_n but_o the_o nation_n have_v be_v change_v for_o upon_o failure_n of_o the_o norman_a race_n that_o kingdom_n devolve_v to_o the_o german_n from_o they_o to_o the_o french_a from_o the_o french_a to_o the_o spaniard_n and_o from_o the_o spaniard_n to_o the_o flemens_n with_o who_o it_o remain_v at_o this_o present_a urban_n ii_o though_o very_o odious_a in_o rome_n be_v get_v to_o be_v pope_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o dissension_n there_o pope_n not_o think_v himself_o secure_a in_o italy_n he_o remove_v with_o his_o whole_a clergy_n into_o france_n have_v assemble_v many_o people_n together_o at_o anvers_n he_o undertake_v a_o generous_a enterprise_n and_o by_o a_o learned_a oration_n against_o the_o infidel_n kindle_v such_o a_o fire_n in_o their_o mind_n they_o resolve_v upon_o a_o expedition_n into_o asia_n against_o the_o saracen_n which_o expedition_n as_o all_o other_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n be_v call_v afterward_o crociate_v because_o all_o that_o go_v along_o in_o it_o carry_v a_o red_a cross_n upon_o their_o arm_n crusade_n and_o their_o clothes_n the_o chief_a commander_n in_o this_o enterprise_n be_v gottofredi_n eustachio_n alduino_n di_fw-fr buglione_n earl_n of_o bologna_n and_o peter_n the_o hermit_n a_o man_n of_o singular_a veneration_n both_o for_o his_o prudence_n and_o piety_n many_o prince_n and_o nation_n assist_v with_o their_o purse_n and_o many_o private_a man_n serve_v as_o volunteer_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n so_o great_a a_o influence_n have_v religion_n in_o those_o day_n upon_o the_o spirit_n of_o man_n encourage_v by_o the_o example_n of_o their_o several_a commander_n at_o first_o the_o enterprise_n be_v very_o successful_a all_o asia_n minor_fw-la syria_n and_o part_n of_o egypt_n fall_v under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o christian_n during_o which_o war_n the_o order_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o jerusalem_n be_v institute_v and_o continue_v a_o long_a time_n in_o rhodes_n as_o a_o bulwark_n against_o the_o turk_n not_o long_o after_o the_o order_n of_o the_o knight_n templar_n be_v found_v but_o it_o last_v not_o long_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o dissoluteness_n of_o their_o manner_n at_o sundry_a time_n after_o these_o thing_n upon_o sundry_a occasion_n many_o accident_n fall_v out_o in_o which_o several_a nation_n and_o particular_a man_n signalise_v themselves_o there_o be_v engage_v in_o this_o expedition_n the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n the_o state_n of_o pisa_n venice_n and_o genoa_n all_o behave_v themselves_o with_o great_a bravery_n and_o sight_v with_o variety_n of_o fortune_n till_o the_o time_n of_o saladine_n the_o saracen_n but_o his_o courage_n and_o virtue_n improve_v by_o intestine_a difference_n among_o the_o christian_n rob_v they_o of_o the_o glory_n they_o have_v gain_v at_o the_o first_o and_o chase_v they_o out_o of_o a_o country_n where_o for_o ninety_o year_n they_o have_v be_v so_o honourable_o â—d_a and_o so_o happy_o place_v after_o the_o death_n of_o pope_n urban_n pascal_n ii_o be_v choose_v to_o succeed_v he_o and_o enrico_n iv._o make_v emperor_n who_o come_v to_o rome_n and_o pretend_v great_a friendship_n to_o the_o pope_n take_v his_o advantage_n clap_v both_o he_o and_o his_o clergy_n in_o prison_n and_o never_o discharge_v they_o till_o they_o have_v empower_v he_o to_o dispose_v of_o the_o church_n in_o germany_n as_o he_o please_v himself_o about_o this_o time_n matilda_n the_o countess_n die_v and_o give_v her_o patrimony_n to_o the_o church_n after_o the_o death_n of_o pascal_n and_o enric_n many_o pope_n and_o many_o emperor_n succeed_v 3d._n till_o the_o papacy_n fall_v to_o alexander_n iii_o and_o the_o empire_n to_o frederick_n barbarossa_n a_o swede_n the_o pope_n of_o those_o day_n have_v many_o controversy_n with_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o emperor_n which_o till_o the_o time_n of_o barbarossa_n rather_o increase_v than_o otherwise_o frederick_n be_v a_o excellent_a soldier_n but_o so_o haughty_a and_o high_a he_o can_v not_o brook_v to_o give_v place_n to_o the_o pope_n notwithstanding_o he_o come_v to_o rome_n to_o be_v crown_v and_o return_v peaceable_o into_o germany_n but_o that_o humour_n last_v but_o little_a for_o he_o return_v short_o into_o italy_n to_o reduce_v some_o town_n in_o lombardy_n which_o deny_v he_o obedience_n in_o this_o juncture_n cardinal_n di_fw-it s._n clement_n a_o roman_n bear_v divide_v from_o pope_n alexander_n be_v make_v pope_n himself_o by_o a_o faction_n in_o the_o conclave_n frederick_n the_o emperor_n be_v then_o encamp_v before_o crema_fw-la antipope_n alexander_n complain_v to_o he_o of_o the_o antipope_n frederick_n reply_v that_o they_o shall_v both_o of_o they_o appear_v personal_o before_o he_o and_o that_o then_o hear_v faithful_o what_o each_o of_o they_o can_v say_v he_o shall_v be_v better_a able_a to_o determine_v which_o be_v in_o the_o right_n alexander_n be_v not_o at_o all_o satisfy_v with_o the_o answer_n but_o perceive_v the_o emperor_n incline_v to_o the_o adversary_n he_o excommunicate_v he_o and_o run_v away_o to_o king_n philip_n of_o france_n for_o all_o that_o frederick_n prosecute_v his_o war_n in_o lombardy_n take_v and_o dismantle_v milan_n which_o put_v the_o city_n of_o verona_n milan_n and_o venice_n upon_o a_o confederacy_n for_o their_o common_a defence_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o antipope_n die_v and_o frederick_n presume_v to_o create_v guidâ—_n of_o cremona_n in_o his_o place_n the_o roman_n take_v advantage_n of_o the_o pope_n absence_n and_o the_o emperor_n diversion_n in_o lombardy_n have_v reassumed_a something_o of_o their_o former_a authority_n and_o begin_v to_o require_v obedience_n in_o the_o
neighbour_a place_n which_o have_v be_v ancient_o their_o subject_n and_o because_o the_o tuscan_n refuse_v to_o submit_v they_o march_v confuse_o against_o they_o but_o they_o be_v reinforce_v by_o frederick_n give_v the_o roman_a army_n such_o a_o blow_n that_o since_o that_o time_n rome_n can_v never_o recover_v its_o old_a condition_n either_o for_o populousness_n or_o wealth_n upon_o these_o event_n pope_n alexander_n be_v return_v to_o rome_n presume_v he_o may_v be_v safe_a there_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o animosity_n the_o roman_n retain_v against_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o employment_n his_o enemy_n give_v he_o in_o lombardy_n but_o frederick_n postpone_v all_o other_o respect_n march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o besiege_v rome_n alexander_n think_v it_o not_o convenient_a to_o attend_v he_o but_o withdraw_v into_o puglia_n to_o william_n who_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o roger_n be_v next_o heir_n be_v make_v king_n frederick_n be_v much_o molest_v and_o weaken_a by_o a_o contagion_n in_o his_o army_n raise_v his_o siege_n and_o go_v back_o into_o germany_n the_o lombard_n which_o be_v in_o league_n against_o he_o to_o restrain_v their_o excursion_n and_o straighten_v the_o town_n of_o pavia_n and_o tortona_n cause_v a_o city_n to_o be_v build_v which_o they_o intend_v for_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o war_n and_o call_v it_o alexandria_n in_o honour_n to_o pope_n alexander_n and_o defiance_n to_o the_o emperor_n guido_n the_o new_a antipope_n die_v likewise_o and_o john_n of_o fermo_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o room_n who_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o imperial_a party_n be_v permit_v to_o keep_v his_o residence_n in_o monte_fw-fr fiascone_a whilst_o alexander_n be_v go_v into_o tuscany_n invite_v by_o that_o people_n that_o by_o his_o authority_n they_o may_v be_v the_o better_o defend_v against_o the_o roman_n be_v there_o ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o from_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n to_o clear_v their_o master_n innocence_n in_o the_o death_n of_o thomas_n becket_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n with_o which_o he_o be_v public_o and_o most_o infamous_o asperse_v becâ—et_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o truth_n the_o pope_n send_v two_o cardinal_n into_o england_n who_o notwithstanding_o they_o find_v not_o his_o majesty_n in_o any_o manifest_a guilt_n yet_o for_o the_o scandal_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o honour_v the_o say_a archbishop_n with_o the_o respect_n he_o deserve_v they_o prescribe_v as_o a_o penance_n that_o he_o shall_v call_v all_o the_o baron_n of_o his_o kingdom_n together_o swear_v his_o innocence_n before_o they_o send_v 200_o soldier_n to_o jerusalem_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o he_o for_o a_o twelvemonth_n and_o himself_o follow_v in_o person_n with_o as_o great_a a_o power_n as_o he_o can_v raise_v before_o three_o year_n be_v expire_v that_o he_o shall_v disannul_v all_o thing_n pass_v in_o his_o kingdom_n in_o prejudice_n to_o the_o ecclesiastic_a liberty_n and_o consent_n that_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n whatever_o shall_v appeal_v to_o rome_n when_o and_o as_o often_o as_o they_o think_v it_o convenient_a all_o which_o condition_n be_v ready_o accept_v and_o that_o great_a prince_n submit_v to_o a_o sentence_n there_o be_v scarce_o a_o private_a person_n but_o will_v scorn_v at_o this_o day_n but_o though_o his_o holiness_n be_v so_o formidable_a to_o the_o prince_n abroad_o he_o be_v not_o so_o terrible_a in_o rome_n the_o people_n in_o that_o city_n will_v not_o be_v â—oaksed_v nor_o persuade_v to_o let_v he_o live_v there_o though_o he_o protest_v he_o will_v meddle_v no_o far_o than_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v thing_n at_o a_o distance_n be_v more_o dreadful_a than_o near_o at_o hand_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n frederick_n be_v return_v into_o italy_n with_o resolution_n to_o make_v a_o new_a war_n upon_o the_o pope_n but_o whilst_o he_o be_v busy_a about_o his_o preparation_n his_o baron_n and_o clergy_n give_v he_o advertisement_n that_o they_o will_v all_o forsake_v he_o unless_o he_o reconcile_v himself_o to_o the_o church_n so_o that_o change_v his_o design_n he_o be_v force_v to_o go_v and_o make_v his_o submission_n at_o venice_n and_o pacification_n be_v make_v the_o pope_n in_o the_o agreement_n deve_v the_o emperor_n of_o all_o the_o authority_n he_o pretend_v over_o rome_n and_o name_v william_n king_n of_o sicily_n and_o puglia_n his_o confederate_n frederick_n be_v a_o active_a prince_n and_o unable_a to_o lie_v still_o embark_v himself_o in_o the_o enterprise_n into_o asia_n to_o spend_v his_o ambition_n against_o the_o turk_n which_o he_o can_v not_o do_v so_o effectual_o against_o the_o pope_n but_o be_v get_v as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n cidvo_n allure_v by_o the_o clearness_n and_o excellence_n of_o the_o water_n he_o will_v needs_o wash_v himself_o in_o it_o and_o that_o wash_n give_v he_o his_o death_n those_o water_n be_v more_o beneficial_a to_o the_o turk_n than_o all_o excommunication_n to_o the_o christian_n for_o whereas_o these_o only_o cool_v and_o assuage_v his_o ambition_n they_o wash_v it_o away_o and_o extinguish_v it_o quite_o frederick_n be_v dead_a nothing_o remain_v now_o to_o be_v supprese_v but_o the_o contumacy_n of_o the_o roman_n after_o much_o argument_n and_o dispute_n about_o their_o creation_n of_o consul_n it_o be_v conclude_v the_o roman_n according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n shall_v have_v liberty_n to_o choose_v they_o but_o they_o shall_v not_o execute_v their_o office_n till_o they_o have_v swear_v fealty_n to_o the_o church_n upon_o this_o accord_n john_n the_o antipope_n flee_v to_o monte_n albano_n and_o die_v present_o after_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n william_n king_n of_o naples_n die_v also_o and_o have_v leave_v no_o son_n but_o tanacred_a a_o bastard_n the_o pope_n design_v to_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o his_o kingdom_n but_o by_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o baron_n pope_n tanacred_a be_v make_v king_n afterward_o celestin_n iii_o come_v to_o the_o papacy_n and_o be_v desirous_a to_o wrest_v that_o kingdom_n from_o tanacred_a he_o contrive_v to_o make_v enrico_n frederick_n son_n king_n promise_v he_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n upon_o condition_n he_o will_v restore_v such_o land_n as_o belong_v to_o the_o church_n and_o to_o facilitate_v the_o business_n he_o take_v costanza_n a_o ancient_a maid_n daughter_n to_o king_n william_n out_o of_o a_o monastery_n and_o give_v she_o he_o for_o his_o wife_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n pass_v from_o the_o norman_n who_o have_v found_v it_o and_o fall_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o german_n henricus_fw-la the_o emperor_n have_v first_o settle_v his_o affair_n in_o germany_n come_v into_o italy_n with_o his_o wife_n costanza_n and_o one_o of_o his_o son_n call_v frederick_n about_o four_o year_n of_o age_n and_o without_o much_o difficulty_n possess_v himself_o of_o that_o kingdom_n tanacred_a be_v dead_a and_o only_o one_o child_n remain_v of_o his_o issue_n call_v roger_n not_o long_o after_o enricus_n die_v in_o sicily_n he_o be_v succeed_v in_o that_o kingdom_n by_o frederick_n and_o otto_n duke_n of_o saxony_n choose_a emperor_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o pope_n innocent_a iii_o but_o no_o soon_o have_v he_o get_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n but_o contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o man_n he_o become_v enemy_n to_o the_o pope_n seize_v upon_o romania_n and_o give_v out_o order_n for_o the_o assault_a that_o kingdom_n upon_o which_o be_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o desert_v by_o his_o friend_n frederick_z king_n of_o naples_n be_v choose_v emperor_n in_o his_o place_n the_o say_v frederick_n come_v to_o rome_n to_o be_v crown_v the_o pope_n scruple_v it_o be_v jealous_a of_o his_o power_n and_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v he_o out_o of_o italy_n as_o he_o have_v do_v otto_n before_o which_o frederick_n disdain_v retire_v into_o germany_n and_o make_v war_n upon_o otto_n overcome_v he_o at_o last_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n innocent_n die_v who_o beside_o other_o magnificent_a work_n build_v the_o hospital_n di_fw-mi santo_n spirito_n at_o rome_n honorius_n iii_o succeed_v he_o in_o who_o papacy_n be_v institute_v the_o order_n of_o s._n dominick_n and_o s._n francis_n pope_n in_o the_o year_n mccxviii_o honorius_n crown_v frederick_n to_o who_o john_n 1218._o descend_v from_o baldwin_n king_n of_o jerusalem_n who_o command_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o christian_n in_o asia_n and_o retain_v that_o title_n give_v one_o of_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n and_o the_o title_n of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o dower_n with_o she_o and_o from_o that_o time_n whoever_o be_v king_n of_o naples_n have_v that_o title_n annex_v in_o italy_n at_o that_o time_n they_o live_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o roman_n have_v no_o more_o the_o creation_n of_o consul_n annex_v but_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o they_o invest_v sometime_o one_o
sometime_o more_o of_o their_o senator_n with_o the_o same_o power_n the_o league_n continue_v all_o the_o while_n into_o which_o the_o city_n of_o lombardy_n have_v enter_v against_o frederick_n barbarossa_n and_o the_o city_n be_v these_o milan_n brescia_n mantua_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o city_n in_o romagna_n beside_o verona_n vicenza_n milan_n and_o trevigi_n the_o city_n on_o the_o emperor_n side_n be_v cremona_n bergamo_n parma_n reggio_n modena_n and_o trenta_fw-la the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n of_o lombardy_n romagna_n and_o the_o marquisate_n of_o trevizan_n take_v part_n according_a to_o their_o interest_n sometime_o with_o this_o sometime_o with_o the_o other_o party_n in_o the_o time_n of_o otto_n iii_n one_o ezelino_n come_v into_o italy_n of_o who_o loin_n there_o remain_v a_o son_n call_v also_o ezelino_n be_v powerful_a and_o rich_a he_o join_v himself_o with_o frederick_n two_o who_o as_o be_v say_v before_o be_v become_v a_o enemy_n to_o the_o pope_n by_o the_o encouragement_n and_o assistance_n of_o this_o ezelino_n frederick_n come_v into_o italy_n take_v verona_n and_o mantua_n demolish_a vicenza_n seize_v upon_o padova_n defeat_v the_o unite_a force_n of_o those_o part_n and_o when_o he_o have_v do_v advance_v towards_o toscany_n whilst_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n ezelino_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o marquisate_n of_o trevizan_n ferrara_n they_o can_v not_o take_v be_v defend_v by_o azone_n da_fw-mi esti_n and_o some_o regiment_n of_o the_o pope_n in_o lombardy_n ferrara_n whereupon_o when_o the_o siege_n be_v draw_v off_o his_o holiness_n give_v that_o city_n in_o fee_n to_o azone_n da_fw-mi esti_n from_o who_o those_o who_o be_v lord_n of_o it_o at_o this_o day_n be_v descend_v frederick_n stop_v and_o fix_v himself_o at_o pisa_n be_v desirous_a to_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o tuscany_n and_o by_o the_o distinction_n he_o make_v betwixt_o his_o friend_n and_o his_o foe_n in_o that_o province_n raise_v such_o ammosites_n emperor_n as_o prove_v afterward_o the_o destruction_n of_o all_o italy_n for_o both_o guelf_n and_o gibilins_n increase_v every_o day_n the_o first_o side_v with_o the_o church_n the_o other_o with_o the_o emperor_n and_o be_v call_v first_o by_o those_o name_n in_o the_o city_n of_o pistoia_n frederick_n be_v at_o length_n remove_v from_o pisa_n make_v great_a devastation_n and_o several_a inroad_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o church_n in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o pope_n have_v no_o other_o remedy_n proclaim_v the_o croifada_n against_o he_o as_o his_o predecessor_n have_v do_v against_o the_o saracen_n frederick_n leave_v he_o shall_v be_v leave_v in_o the_o lurch_n by_o his_o own_o people_n as_o frederick_n barbarossa_n and_o other_o of_o his_o ancestor_n have_v be_v before_o entertain_v into_o his_o pay_n great_a number_n of_o the_o saracen_n and_o to_o oblige_v they_o to_o he_o and_o strengthen_v his_o opposition_n to_o the_o pope_n by_o a_o party_n that_o shall_v not_o be_v afraid_a of_o his_o cursâ—s_n he_o give_v they_o nocera_n in_o that_o kingdom_n to_o the_o end_n that_o have_v a_o retreat_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n pope_n they_o may_v serve_v he_o with_o more_o confidence_n and_o security_n at_o this_o time_n innocent_n iv._o be_v pope_n who_o be_v apprehensive_a of_o frederick_n remove_v to_o genoa_n and_o thence_o into_o france_n where_o he_o call_v a_o counsel_n at_o lion_n and_o frederick_n design_v to_o have_v be_v there_o have_v he_o not_o be_v retain_v by_o the_o rebellion_n of_o parma_n have_v have_v ill_a fortune_n in_o the_o suppress_n of_o that_o he_o march_v away_o into_o tuscany_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o sicily_n where_o he_o die_v not_o long_o after_o leave_v his_o son_n currado_n in_o sâ—evia_n and_o in_o puglia_n his_o natural_a son_n manfredi_n who_o he_o have_v make_v duke_n of_o benevento_n currado_n go_v to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n die_v at_o naples_n and_o leave_v only_o one_o lâ—â—tle_a son_n behind_o he_o in_o germany_n who_o be_v call_v currado_n by_o his_o own_o name_n by_o which_o mean_n manfred_n first_o as_o tutor_n to_o currado_n get_v into_o the_o government_n and_o afterward_o give_v out_o that_o his_o pupil_n be_v dead_a he_o make_v himself_o king_n and_o force_v the_o pope_n and_o neapolitan_n who_o oppose_v it_o to_o consent_v whilst_o affair_n in_o that_o kingdom_n be_v in_o that_o posture_n many_o commotion_n happen_v in_o lombardy_n betwixt_o the_o guelf_n and_o the_o gibilin_n the_o guelf_n be_v head_v by_o a_o legate_n from_o the_o pope_n the_o gibilin_n by_o ezelino_n who_o at_o that_o time_n have_v in_o his_o possession_n all_o that_o part_n of_o lombardy_n on_o this_o side_n the_o poe._n and_o because_o while_o he_o be_v entertain_v in_o this_o war_n the_o city_n of_o padova_n rebel_v he_o cause_v 12000_o of_o they_o to_o be_v slay_v and_o not_o long_o after_o before_o the_o war_n be_v end_v die_v himself_o in_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o age_n upon_o his_o death_n all_o those_o country_n which_o have_v be_v in_o his_o hand_n become_v free_a manfredi_n king_n of_o naples_n continue_v his_o malevolence_n to_o the_o church_n as_o his_o ancestor_n have_v do_v before_o he_o hold_v pope_n urban_n iv._o in_o perpetual_a anxiety_n so_o that_o at_o length_n he_o be_v constrain_v to_o convoke_v the_o crociata_n against_o he_o and_o to_o retire_v into_o perugiâ—_n till_o he_o can_v get_v his_o force_n together_o but_o find_v they_o come_v in_o slow_o and_o thin_a conceive_v that_o to_o the_o overcome_v of_o manfred_n great_a supply_n will_v be_v necessary_a he_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n make_v his_o brother_n charles_n duke_n of_o angio_n king_n of_o sicily_n and_o naples_n and_o excite_v he_o to_o come_v into_o italy_n and_o take_v possession_n of_o those_o kingdom_n pope_n before_o charles_n can_v get_v to_o rome_n the_o pope_n die_v and_o clement_n v._o succeed_v in_o his_o place_n in_o the_o say_v clement_n time_n charles_n with_o 30_o galley_n arrive_v at_o ostia_n have_v order_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o force_n to_o meet_v he_o by_o land_n during_o his_o residence_n at_o rome_n as_o a_o compliment_n to_o he_o the_o roman_n make_v he_o a_o senator_n and_o the_o pope_n invest_v he_o in_o that_o kingdom_n with_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v pay_v 50_o thousand_o florin_n yearly_a to_o the_o church_n and_o publish_v a_o decree_n that_o for_o the_o future_a neither_o charles_n nor_o any_o that_o shall_v succeed_v he_o in_o that_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v capable_a of_o be_v emperor_n after_o which_o charles_n advance_v against_o manfred_n fight_v with_o he_o beat_v he_o and_o kill_v he_o near_o benâ—vento_n thereby_o make_v himself_o king_n of_o sicily_n and_o that_o kingdom_n corradino_n to_o who_o that_o state_n devolve_v by_o his_o father_n testament_n gather_v what_o force_v together_o he_o can_v in_o germany_n march_v into_o italy_n against_o charles_n and_o engage_v he_o at_o tagliacozza_n be_v present_o defeat_v and_o be_v afterward_o discover_v in_o his_o flight_n take_v and_o slay_v italy_n continue_v quiet_a till_o the_o papacy_n of_o adrian_n v._n who_o not_o endure_v that_o charles_n shall_v continue_v in_o rome_n and_o govern_v all_o 〈◊〉_d he_o do_v by_o virtue_n of_o his_o senatorship_n he_o remove_v to_o vitâ—rbo_n pope_n and_o solicit_v ridolfus_n the_o emperor_n to_o come_v into_o italy_n against_o he_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o pope_n sometime_o for_o defence_n of_o religion_n sometime_o out_o of_o their_o own_o private_a ambition_n call_v in_o new_a man_n and_o by_o consequence_n new_a war_n into_o italy_n and_o no_o soon_o have_v they_o advance_v any_o of_o they_o but_o they_o repent_v of_o what_o they_o have_v do_v and_o seek_v immediate_o to_o remove_v he_o nor_o will_v they_o suffer_v any_o province_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o weakness_n they_o be_v unable_a themselves_o to_o subdue_v to_o be_v enjoy_v quiet_o by_o any_o body_n else_o the_o prince_n be_v all_o afraid_a of_o they_o for_o whether_o by_o fight_v or_o fly_v they_o common_o overcome_v unless_o circumvent_v by_o some_o stratagem_n as_o boniface_n viii_o and_o some_o other_o be_v by_o the_o emperor_n under_o pretence_n of_o friendship_n and_o amity_n ridolfus_n be_v retain_v by_o his_o war_n with_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n be_v not_o at_o leisure_n to_o visit_v italy_n before_o adrian_n be_v dead_a 〈◊〉_d he_o which_o succeed_v he_o be_v nicolas_n the_o iii_o of_o the_o house_n of_o ursin_n a_o dare_a ambitious_a man_n who_o resolve_v to_o take_v down_o the_o authority_n of_o charles_n contrive_v that_o ridolfus_n the_o emperor_n shall_v complain_v of_o charles_n his_o governor_n in_o tuscany_n of_o his_o side_v with_o the_o guelf_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o manfred_n have_v be_v receive_v and_o protect_v in_o that_o province_n to_o comply_v with_o the_o
emperor_n charles_n call_v away_o his_o governor_n and_o the_o pope_n send_v his_o cardinal_n nephew_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o it_o for_o the_o emperor_n to_o recompense_v that_o kindness_n the_o emperor_n restore_v romania_n to_o the_o church_n which_o have_v be_v usurp_v by_o his_o predecessor_n and_o the_o pope_n make_v bartaldo_n orsino_n duke_n of_o romagna_n grow_v more_o powerful_a by_o degree_n and_o believe_v himself_o strong_a enough_o to_o look_v charles_n in_o the_o face_n he_o begin_v to_o expostulate_v turn_v he_o out_o of_o his_o senatorship_n and_o publish_v a_o decree_n that_o no_o person_n for_o the_o future_a of_o royal_a extraction_n shall_v ever_o be_v senator_n in_o rome_n not_o content_v with_o this_o he_o carry_v his_o design_n far_o and_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n to_o have_v drive_v charles_n out_o of_o sicily_n to_o which_o end_n he_o hold_v secret_a intelligence_n with_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o effect_v it_o alterwards_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o successor_n he_o design_v likewise_o to_o have_v make_v two_o king_n out_o of_o his_o family_n one_o of_o lombardy_n the_o other_o of_o tuscany_n by_o who_o power_n and_o assistance_n the_o church_n may_v be_v defend_v from_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o german_n abroad_o and_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o french_a at_o home_n but_o he_o die_v before_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v do_v be_v the_o first_o pope_n that_o give_v so_o manifest_a demonstration_n of_o ambition_n or_o that_o under_o pretence_n of_o advance_v the_o church_n design_v only_o to_o exalt_v and_o magnify_v his_o own_o family_n nephew_n and_o though_o from_o this_o time_n backward_o no_o mention_n be_v to_o be_v find_v of_o nephew_n or_o any_o other_o of_o his_o holiness_n kindred_n yet_o forward_o all_o history_n be_v full_a of_o they_o and_o as_o former_o the_o pope_n have_v endeavour_v to_o leave_v they_o prince_n they_o will_v leave_v they_o pope_n now_o adays_o if_o they_o can_v and_o make_v the_o papacy_n 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find_v in_o that_o island_n and_o peter_n make_v himself_o lord_n of_o it_o upon_o pretence_n it_o belong_v to_o constansa_n manfreds_n daughter_n who_o he_o have_v marry_v but_o charles_n in_o his_o preparation_n for_o its_o recovery_n die_v leave_v charles_n ii_o his_o son_n at_o that_o time_n a_o prisoner_n in_o sicily_n who_o for_o his_o enlargement_n promise_v to_o surrender_v himself_o again_o if_o in_o three_o year_n time_n he_o prevail_v not_o with_o the_o pope_n to_o invest_v the_o house_n of_o arragon_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sicily_n ridolfus_n the_o emperor_n in_o stead_n of_o come_v into_o italy_n himself_o to_o recover_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o empire_n send_v a_o ambassador_n thither_o with_o full_a power_n to_o enfranchize_v such_o city_n as_o will_v buy_v out_o their_o freedom_n upon_o which_o many_o city_n redeem_v themselves_o and_o change_v their_o law_n with_o their_o liberty_n adulfus_n duke_n of_o saxony_n succeed_v in_o the_o empire_n and_o in_o the_o popedom_n piero_n del_fw-it murone_fw-it by_o the_o name_n of_o pope_n celestine_n 8_o but_o have_v be_v a_o hermit_n and_o exceed_o devout_a in_o six_o month_n time_n he_o renounce_v and_o boniface_n viii_o be_v choose_v in_o his_o room_n the_o heaven_n foresee_v the_o time_n will_v come_v italy_n shall_v be_v deliver_v both_o from_o the_o german_n and_o french_a and_o remain_v entire_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o its_o native_n that_o the_o pope_n though_o free_v from_o foreign_a impedidiment_n may_v not_o be_v able_a to_o usurp_v and_o establish_v himself_o in_o the_o power_n which_o he_o exercise_v then_o raise_v up_o two_o great_a family_n in_o rome_n the_o colonni_n and_o the_o ursini_n that_o by_o their_o authority_n and_o alliance_n they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o circumscribe_v his_o holiness_n and_o keep_v he_o within_o his_o bound_n pope_n boniface_n be_v sensible_a of_o they_o and_o apply_v himself_o very_o zealous_o to_o have_v extirpate_v the_o colonni_n excommunicate_v they_o first_o and_o then_o proclaim_v the_o crociata_n against_o they_o which_o though_o it_o may_v be_v some_o prejudice_n to_o they_o be_v more_o to_o the_o church_n for_o those_o sword_n which_o have_v be_v draw_v in_o vindication_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o do_v honourable_a thing_n when_o for_o private_a ambition_n they_o be_v unsheathe_v against_o christian_n they_o lose_v their_o first_o sharpness_n and_o will_v not_o cut_v at_o all_o and_o so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v their_o immoderate_a desire_n of_o satiate_v their_o appetite_n by_o degree_n lessen_v the_o pope_n power_n and_o disarm_v they_o two_o of_o that_o house_n which_o be_v cardinal_n he_o degrade_v sciarra_n the_o chief_a of_o they_o escape_v in_o disguise_n be_v discover_v be_v take_v by_o the_o spanish_a privateer_n and_o clap_v to_o a_o oar_n but_o be_v know_v at_o marseilles_n he_o be_v rescue_v and_o send_v away_o to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o by_o boniface_n be_v excommunicate_v thereupon_o and_o deprive_v of_o his_o kingdom_n philip_n king_n of_o france_n consider_v very_o well_o that_o in_o all_o open_a war_n with_o the_o pope_n he_o have_v either_o run_v some_o eminent_a danger_n or_o come_v home_o by_o the_o loss_n begin_v to_o look_v about_o for_o some_o artifice_n and_o at_o length_n pretend_v great_a readiness_n to_o comply_v and_o counterfeit_v a_o treaty_n he_o send_v sciarra_n private_o into_o italy_n who_o be_v arrive_v at_o anagnia_n where_o at_o that_o time_n the_o pope_n have_v his_o residence_n gather_v his_o friend_n together_o in_o the_o night_n he_o seize_v upon_o his_o holiness_n who_o though_o enlarge_v afterward_o by_o the_o people_n of_o the_o town_n die_v short_o in_o a_o dilirium_fw-la with_o mere_a sense_n and_o indigation_n this_o boniface_n be_v the_o first_o pope_n which_o ordain_v jubilee_n in_o the_o year_n m.ccc_o year_n and_o decree_v they_o shall_v be_v celebrate_v every_o hundred_o year_n these_o time_n produce_v many_o trouble_n betwixt_o the_o guelf_n and_o the_o gibilin_n and_o italy_n be_v forsake_v by_o the_o emperor_n many_o town_n recover_v their_o liberty_n and_o many_o be_v usurp_v pope_n benedict_n restore_v their_o cap_n to_o the_o cardinal_n of_o the_o house_n of_o colonni_n absolve_v king_n philip_n and_o give_v he_o his_o blessing_n 1306._o benedict_n be_v succeed_v by_o clement_n v._n who_o be_v a_o frenchman_n remove_v his_o court_n into_o france_n anno_fw-la mcccvi_o during_o these_o transaction_n charles_n ii_o king_n of_o naples_n die_v and_o leave_v the_o succession_n to_o robert_n his_o son_n the_o empire_n be_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n fall_v to_o arrigo_n of_o luxemburg_n who_o come_v to_o rome_n to_o be_v crown_v though_o the_o pope_n be_v not_o there_o upon_o who_o arrival_n many_o commotion_n follow_v in_o lombardy_n and_o all_o banish_a person_n whether_o guelf_n or_o gibilin_n be_v restore_v to_o their_o former_a habitation_n conspire_v to_o supplant_v one_o another_o they_o fill_v the_o whole_a province_n with_o the_o calamity_n of_o war_n notwithstanding_o the_o emperor_n employ_v his_o utmost_a power_n to_o prevent_v it_o arrigo_n remove_v out_o of_o lombardy_n by_o the_o way_n of_o genova_n return_v to_o pisa_n with_o design_n to_o have_v drive_v king_n râ—bâ—rt_n out_o of_o tascany_n but_o not_o succeed_v in_o that_o he_o march_v to_o rome_n but_o continue_v there_o a_o few_o day_n only_o for_o the_o ursini_n by_o the_o help_n of_o king_n robert_n force_v he_o to_o remove_v and_o he_o march_v back_o again_o to_o pisa_n where_o for_o his_o more_o secure_a warring_n upon_o tuscany_n and_o supplant_n that_o king_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v assault_v on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o frederick_n king_n of_o sicily_n but_o in_o the_o height_n of_o his_o design_n when_o he_o think_v himself_o sure_a both_o of_o tuscany_n and_o its_o king_n 〈…〉_z he_o die_v and_o the_o succession_n go_v to_o lodovick_n of_o bavaria_n about_o this_o
the_o adriatic_a sea_n which_o be_v not_o inhabit_v they_o escape_v after_o they_o themselves_o the_o padovans_n see_v the_o fire_n so_o near_o they_o conclude_v when_o aquilegia_fw-la be_v take_v his_o next_o visit_n will_v be_v to_o they_o send_v away_o their_o good_n wife_n child_n and_o unserviceable_a people_n to_o a_o place_n in_o the_o same_o sea_n call_v rivo_n alto_n leave_v the_o young_a man_n and_o such_o as_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o montfelice_n and_o the_o hill_n about_o it_o fear_v the_o same_o destiny_n remove_v to_o the_o same_o island_n aquilegia_fw-la be_v take_v and_o padova_n montfelice_n vicenza_n and_o verona_n overcome_v and_o sack_v by_o aâ—tila's_n army_n those_o which_o remain_v of_o the_o padovans_n and_o the_o most_o considerable_a of_o the_o rest_n settle_v their_o habitation_n in_o certain_a fen_n and_o marsh_n about_o the_o aforesaid_a rivo_n alto_n and_o all_o the_o people_n about_o that_o province_n which_o be_v ancient_o call_v venetia_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o country_n by_o the_o same_o calamity_n join_v themselves_o with_o they_o change_v by_o necessity_n their_o pleasant_a and_o plentiful_a habitation_n for_o rude_a and_o barren_a place_n void_a of_o all_o commodity_n and_o convenience_n but_o their_o number_n be_v great_a and_o their_o quarter_n but_o small_a in_o a_o short_a time_n they_o make_v it_o not_o only_o habitable_a but_o delightful_a frame_v such_o law_n and_o order_n to_o themselves_o as_o secure_v they_o against_o misery_n of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n make_v they_o considerable_a both_o for_o reputation_n and_o force_n so_o that_o besides_o their_o first_o inhabitant_n many_o people_n resort_v to_o they_o from_o the_o city_n of_o lombardy_n upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o cruelty_n of_o clefi_n king_n of_o the_o lombard_n they_o multiply_v so_o fast_o that_o when_o pepin_n king_n of_o france_n at_o the_o solicitation_n of_o the_o pope_n undertake_v to_o drive_v the_o lombard_n out_o of_o italy_n in_o the_o treaty_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o emperor_n of_o greece_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o benevento_n and_o the_o venetian_n shall_v be_v subject_a neither_o to_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o but_o enjoy_v their_o liberty_n to_o themselves_o moreover_o necessity_n have_v determine_v their_o habitation_n among_o the_o water_n have_v no_o land_n to_o supply_v they_o it_o force_v they_o to_o look_v about_o which_o way_n they_o may_v live_v and_o apply_v to_o navigation_n they_o begin_v to_o trade_n about_o the_o world_n and_o not_o only_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o necessary_a provision_n but_o by_o degree_n bring_v thither_o such_o variety_n of_o merchandise_n that_o other_o people_n which_o have_v need_n of_o they_o come_v to_o they_o to_o be_v supply_v at_o first_o have_v no_o thought_n of_o dominion_n they_o be_v whole_o intent_n upon_o what_o may_v facilitate_v their_o trade_n and_o in_o order_n thereunto_o they_o acquire_v several_a port_n french_a both_o in_o greece_n and_o syria_n and_o in_o their_o passage_n into_o asia_n the_o french_a make_v use_n of_o their_o ship_n they_o give_v they_o by_o way_n of_o recompense_n the_o island_n of_o candia_n while_o they_o live_v at_o this_o rate_n their_o name_n be_v grow_v formidable_a at_o sea_n and_o so_o venerable_a at_o land_n that_o in_o most_o controversy_n betwixt_o their_o neighbour_n they_o be_v the_o only_a arbitrator_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o confederate_n upon_o the_o division_n of_o the_o town_n where_o the_o cause_n be_v refer_v to_o they_o they_o award_v bergamo_n and_o brescia_n to_o the_o visconti_n but_o have_v afterward_o in_o process_n of_o time_n conquer_v padova_n vicenza_n trivegi_n and_o after_o they_o verona_n bergamo_n and_o brescia_n beside_o several_a town_n in_o romagna_n and_o else_o where_o their_o power_n begin_v to_o be_v so_o considerable_a that_o not_o only_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n but_o the_o great_a and_o most_o remote_a king_n be_v afraid_a to_o provoke_v they_o whereupon_o enter_v into_o a_o conspiracy_n against_o they_o the_o venetian_n lose_v all_o in_o one_o day_n that_o in_o so_o many_o year_n and_o with_o so_o vast_a expense_n they_o have_v be_v gain_v and_o though_o in_o our_o time_n they_o may_v have_v recover_v it_o in_o part_n yet_o not_o have_v regain_v their_o reputation_n and_o power_n they_o live_v at_o the_o mercy_n of_o other_o people_n as_o indeed_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n do_v pope_n benedict_n xii_o be_v pope_n look_v upon_o italy_n as_o lose_v and_o fear_v that_o lodovic_n the_o emperor_n shall_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o he_o resolve_v to_o enter_v into_o strict_a amity_n with_o all_o those_o who_o hold_v any_o land_n that_o belong_v former_o to_o the_o empire_n presume_v their_o fear_n to_o be_v dispossess_v will_v make_v they_o faithful_a in_o the_o defence_n of_o italy_n and_o zealous_a to_o keep_v he_o out_o according_o he_o publish_v a_o decree_n to_o confirm_v all_o the_o usurp_a title_n in_o lombardy_n and_o to_o continue_v their_o possession_n but_o that_o pope_n die_v before_o his_o promise_n can_v be_v make_v good_a pope_n and_o clement_n vi_o succeed_a he_o the_o emperor_n observe_v with_o what_o liberality_n the_o pope_n have_v dispose_v of_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o empire_n that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v behind_o he_o in_o so_o generous_a a_o point_n he_o give_v all_o land_n that_o have_v be_v usurp_v from_o the_o church_n to_o such_o person_n as_o have_v usurp_v they_o to_o hold_v they_o of_o the_o empire_n as_o the_o other_o of_o the_o pope_n by_o which_o donation_n galeotto_n maletesti_n and_o his_o brother_n become_v lord_n of_o rimini_n pesaro_n and_o fano_fw-la antonio_n da_fw-it montefeltro_fw-it of_o la_fw-fr marca_n and_o urbino_n gentil_n da_fw-mi varano_n of_o camerino_n giovanni_n manfredi_n of_o faenza_n guido_n di_fw-it polenta_fw-la of_o ravenna_n sinebaldo_n or_o delaffi_n of_o furli_fw-la and_o cesena_n lodovico_n aledosi_n of_o imola_n beside_o many_o other_o in_o other_o place_n so_o that_o of_o all_o the_o land_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o church_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o left_a without_o a_o interloper_n by_o which_o mean_n till_o the_o time_n of_o alexander_n vi_o the_o church_n be_v very_o weak_a but_o he_o recover_v its_o authority_n in_o our_o day_n with_o the_o destruction_n of_o most_o of_o their_o posterity_n at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o concession_n the_o emperor_n be_v at_o taranto_n where_o he_o give_v out_o his_o design_n be_v for_o italy_n which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a war_n in_o lombardy_n in_o which_o the_o visconti_n make_v themselves_o lord_n of_o parma_n about_o this_o time_n robert_n king_n of_o naples_n die_v and_o leave_v two_o grand_a child_n by_o his_o son_n charles_n who_o die_v not_o long_o before_o leave_v his_o elder_a daughter_n giovanna_n heir_n to_o the_o crown_n with_o injunction_n to_o marry_v andrâ—a_n son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n who_o be_v his_o nephew_n but_o they_o live_v not_o long_o together_o before_o andrea_n be_v poison_v by_o she_o and_o she_o marry_v again_o to_o lodovic_n prince_n of_o taranto_n her_o near_a kinsman_n but_o lewis_n king_n of_o hungary_n brother_n to_o andrea_n to_o revenge_v his_o death_n come_v into_o italy_n with_o a_o army_n and_o drive_v giovanna_n and_o her_o husband_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n about_o these_o time_n there_o happen_v a_o very_a memorable_a passage_n in_o rome_n one_o nicholas_n di_fw-it lorenzo_n chancellor_n in_o the_o capitol_n have_v force_v the_o senate_n out_o of_o rome_n under_o the_o title_n of_o tribune_n make_v himself_o head_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n reduce_v it_o into_o its_o ancient_a form_n with_o so_o much_o justice_n and_o virtue_n that_o not_o only_o the_o neighbour_a province_n but_o all_o italy_n send_v ambassador_n to_o he_o the_o ancient_a province_n see_v that_o city_n so_o strange_o revive_v begin_v to_o lift_v up_o their_o head_n and_o pay_v it_o a_o respect_n some_o out_o of_o fear_n and_o some_o out_o of_o hope_n but_o nicholas_n notwithstanding_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o reputation_n not_o able_a to_o comport_v with_o so_o great_a a_o authority_n desert_v it_o himself_o for_o be_v overburthen_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o it_o he_o leave_v it_o in_o the_o very_a beginning_n and_o without_o any_o constraint_n steal_v private_o away_o to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n who_o by_o the_o pope_n order_n in_o affront_n to_o lewis_n of_o bavaria_n be_v make_v emperor_n and_o to_o gratify_v his_o patron_n he_o secure_v nicholas_n and_o clap_v he_o in_o prison_n not_o long_o after_o as_o it_o have_v be_v in_o imitation_n of_o nicholas_n one_o francisco_n baroncegli_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o tribuneship_n and_o turn_v the_o senator_n out_o of_o rome_n so_o that_o the_o pope_n
as_o the_o ready_a way_n to_o suppress_v he_o be_v glad_a to_o discharge_v nicholas_n of_o his_o imprisonment_n and_o send_v he_o to_o rome_n to_o resume_v his_o old_a office_n whereupon_o nicholas_n undertake_v the_o government_n once_o more_o and_o cause_v francisco_n to_o be_v execute_v but_o the_o colonnesi_n become_v his_o enemy_n by_o degree_n he_o himself_o be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o they_o and_o the_o senate_n restore_v to_o the_o exercise_n of_o its_o former_a authority_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n of_o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n have_v depose_v queen_n giovanna_n return_v to_o his_o own_o kingdom_n but_o the_o pope_n desire_v to_o have_v the_o queen_n his_o neighbour_n rather_o than_o that_o king_n and_o order_v thing_n so_o that_o the_o kingdom_n be_v restore_v upon_o condition_n her_o husband_n lewis_n renounce_v the_o title_n of_o king_n shall_v content_v himself_o with_o that_o of_o taranto_n year_n the_o year_n mcccl._n be_v come_v his_o holiness_n think_v fit_a that_o the_o jubilee_n appoint_v by_o pope_n boniface_n viii_o to_o be_v keep_v every_o hundred_o year_n shall_v be_v reduce_v to_o fifty_o and_o have_v pass_v a_o decree_n to_o that_o purpose_n in_o gratitude_n for_o so_o great_a a_o benefit_n the_o roman_n be_v content_v he_o shall_v send_v four_o cardinal_n to_o rome_n to_o reform_v their_o city_n and_o create_v what_o senator_n he_o please_v after_o which_o the_o pope_n declare_v lodovic_n of_o taranto_n king_n of_o naples_n again_o and_o giovanna_n high_o oblige_v by_o that_o favour_n naples_n give_v the_o church_n avignon_n which_o be_v part_n of_o her_o patrimony_n by_o this_o time_n luchïno_n visconti_n be_v dead_a john_n archbishop_n of_o milan_n remain_v sole_a lord_n and_o make_v several_a war_n upon_o tuscany_n and_o his_o neighbour_n become_v very_o considerable_a after_o his_o death_n the_o government_n fall_v to_o his_o two_o nephew_n bernardo_n and_o galeazzo_n but_o galeazzo_n die_v a_o while_n after_o he_o leave_v his_o son_n john_n galeazzo_n to_o share_v with_o his_o uncle_n in_o the_o state_n in_o these_o day_n pope_n charles_n king_n of_o bohemia_n be_v create_v emperor_n and_o innocent_a vi_o pope_n who_o have_v send_v cardinal_n giles_n a_o spaniard_n into_o italy_n by_o his_o virtue_n and_o the_o excellence_n of_o his_o conduct_n he_o recover_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o church_n not_o only_o in_o rome_n and_o romagna_n but_o all_o italy_n over_o he_o recover_v bologna_n that_o have_v be_v usurp_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o milan_n he_o constrain_v the_o roman_n to_o admit_v a_o foreign_a senator_n every_o year_n of_o the_o pope_n nomination_n he_o make_v a_o honourable_a agreement_n with_o the_o visconti_n he_o fight_v and_o take_v prisoner_n john_n aguto_n a_o englishman_n who_o with_o four_o thousand_o english_a be_v entertain_v in_o tuscany_n pope_n upon_o the_o ghibilin_n account_n after_o these_o success_n urban_n v._o be_v pope_n he_o resolve_v to_o visit_v both_o italy_n and_o rome_n where_o charles_n the_o emperor_n come_v to_o meet_v he_o and_o have_v continue_v together_o several_a month_n pope_n charles_n return_v into_o his_o kingdom_n and_o the_o pope_n to_o avignon_n urban_n die_v and_o gregory_n xii_o succeed_v and_o because_o cardinal_n egidio_n be_v dead_a italy_n relapse_v into_o its_o former_a distraction_n occasion_v by_o the_o cabal_n of_o the_o people_n against_o the_o visconti_n france_n whereupon_o the_o pope_n at_o first_o send_v a_o legate_n into_o italy_n with_o six_o thousand_o britan_n after_o who_o he_o follow_v in_o person_n and_o re-establish_v his_o residence_n at_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n mccclxxvi_o after_o it_o have_v be_v keep_v in_o france_n lxxi_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o pope_n urban_n vi._n be_v create_v not_o long_o after_o at_o fondi_n ten_o cardinal_n quarrel_v with_o his_o election_n antipope_n and_o pretend_v it_o be_v not_o fair_a create_v clement_n vii_o the_o genovese_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n who_o for_o several_a year_n have_v live_v quiet_o under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o visconti_n rebel_v betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o venetian_a there_o happen_v great_a war_n about_o the_o island_n of_o tenedos_n venetian_n in_o which_o war_n by_o degree_n all_o italy_n become_v concern_v and_o there_o it_o be_v that_o great_a gun_n be_v first_o use_v they_o be_v a_o german_a invention_n though_o for_o a_o while_o the_o genovese_n be_v predominant_a and_o hold_v venice_n block_v up_o for_o several_a month_n together_o yet_o in_o the_o conclusion_n the_o venetian_a have_v the_o better_a and_o make_v a_o advantageous_a peace_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o year_n 1381_o as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o there_o be_v a_o schism_n in_o the_o church_n and_o giovanna_n the_o queen_n favour_v the_o antipope_n whereupon_o pope_n urban_n practise_v against_o she_o and_o send_v carlo_n durazzo_n who_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a house_n of_o naples_n with_o a_o army_n into_o her_o kingdom_n who_o possess_v himself_o of_o her_o country_n and_o drive_v she_o away_o into_o france_n the_o king_n of_o france_n undertake_v her_o quarrel_n send_v lodovic_n d'_fw-fr angio_n to_o repossess_v the_o queen_n and_o force_n urban_n out_o of_o rome_n and_o set_v up_o the_o antipope_n but_o lodovic_n die_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o enterprise_n his_o army_n break_v up_o and_o return_v into_o france_n urban_n thereupon_o go_v over_o to_o naples_n and_o clap_v nine_o cardinal_n in_o prison_n for_o have_v side_v with_o france_n and_o the_o antipope_n after_o that_o he_o take_v it_o ill_o of_o the_o king_n that_o he_o refuse_v to_o make_v one_o of_o his_o nephew_n prince_n of_o capua_n but_o conceal_v his_o disgust_n he_o desire_v nocera_n of_o he_o for_o his_o habitation_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v possess_v of_o he_o fortify_v and_o begin_v to_o cast_v about_o which_o way_n to_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o kingdom_n the_o king_n take_v the_o alarm_n advance_v against_o nocera_n and_o besiege_v it_o but_o the_o pope_n escape_v to_o genova_n where_o he_o put_v the_o cardinal_n which_o be_v his_o prisoner_n to_o death_n from_o thence_o he_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o create_v 28_o new_a cardinal_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n charles_n king_n of_o naples_n go_v into_o hungary_n be_v proclaim_v king_n there_o and_o not_o long_o after_o kill_v he_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n to_o his_o wife_n and_o two_o child_n he_o have_v by_o she_o one_o call_v ladislao_n and_o the_o other_o giovanna_n john_n galeazzo_n visconti_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n have_v kill_v his_o uncle_n bernardo_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o milan_n and_o not_o content_a to_o have_v make_v himself_o duke_n of_o milan_n he_o attempt_v upon_o tuscany_n but_o when_o he_o be_v in_o a_o fair_a way_n to_o have_v conquer_v it_o and_o to_o have_v make_v himself_o king_n of_o all_o italy_n 13_o he_o die_v urban_n vi_o die_v also_o and_o be_v succeed_v by_o boniface_n ix_o clâ—ment_n vii_o the_o antipope_n die_v likewise_o at_o avignon_n and_o benedict_n xiii_o be_v create_v in_o his_o room_n italy_n all_o this_o while_n be_v full_a of_o soldier_n of_o fortune_n english_a dutch_a and_o britan_n some_o of_o they_o command_v by_o prince_n which_o upon_o several_a occasion_n have_v be_v invite_v thither_o and_o some_o of_o they_o which_o have_v be_v send_v by_o the_o pope_n when_o their_o residence_n be_v at_o avignon_n with_o this_o medley_n of_o nation_n the_o prince_n of_o italy_n maintain_v their_o war_n many_o time_n till_o at_o length_n lodovico_n da_fw-mi conio_n romagnuolo_fw-la have_v train_v up_o a_o party_n of_o italian_n call_v the_o soldier_n of_o saint_n george_n by_o his_o valour_n and_o discipline_n lessen_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o foreigner_n and_o make_v they_o afterward_o more_o useful_a and_o considerable_a in_o the_o italian_a war_n the_o pope_n upon_o certain_a difference_n which_o arise_v betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o roman_n remove_v to_o scesi_n where_o he_o remain_v till_o the_o jubilee_n in_o the_o year_n 1400._o at_o which_o time_n to_o invite_v he_o back_o again_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o city_n the_o roman_n condescend_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o annual_a nomination_n of_o a_o foreign_a senator_n and_o be_v permit_v to_o fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o st._n angelo_n upon_o which_o condition_n be_v return_v to_o enrich_v the_o church_n he_o ordain_v that_o in_o every_o vacancy_n each_o benefice_n shall_v pay_v a_o annat_n into_o the_o chamber_n ecclesiastical_a after_o the_o death_n of_o john_n galeazzo_n duke_n of_o milan_n though_o he_o leave_v two_o son_n giovan-mari-angelo_n and_o philip_n the_o state_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o faction_n in_o the_o trouble_n which_o follow_v giovan-mari-angelo_n be_v slay_v and_o philip_n for_o some_o time_n keep_v prisoner_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o pavia_n but_o by_o the_o valour_n and_o allegiance_n of_o the_o governor_n
he_o escape_v among_o the_o rest_n who_o have_v seize_v the_o city_n which_o belong_v former_o to_o john_n galeazzo_n william_n della_fw-it scala_n be_v one_o who_o have_v be_v banish_v and_o retire_v to_o francisco_n de_fw-fr carrara_n lord_n of_o milan_n by_o his_o mean_n he_o recover_v the_o state_n of_o verona_n but_o he_o enjoy_v it_o a_o short_a time_n for_o francisco_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v poison_v and_o assume_v the_o government_n himself_o the_o vicentini_n hereupon_o have_v till_o then_o live_v quiet_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o visconti_n grow_v jealous_a of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o milan_n submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o venetian_n who_o at_o their_o instigation_n make_v war_n upon_o he_o and_o beat_v he_o first_o out_o of_o verona_n and_o at_o length_n out_o of_o milan_n by_o this_o time_n pope_n boniface_n die_v and_o innocent_a vii_o innocent_n be_v elect_v in_o his_o place_n the_o people_n of_o rome_n make_v a_o solemn_a address_n to_o he_o for_o the_o restitution_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o fort_n and_o be_v deny_v they_o call_v in_o ladislans_n king_n of_o naples_n to_o their_o assistance_n but_o their_o difference_n be_v afterward_o compose_v the_o pope_n return_v to_o rome_n from_o whence_o for_o fear_v of_o the_o people_n he_o flee_v to_o viterbo_n where_o he_o have_v make_v his_o nephew_n lodovic_n conte_n della_fw-it marca_n after_o which_o he_o die_v and_o gregory_n xii_o succeed_v upon_o condition_n he_o shall_v resign_v when_o ever_o the_o antipope_n shall_v be_v persuade_v to_o do_v the_o same_o at_o the_o intercession_n of_o the_o cardinal_n to_o try_v whether_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o accommodate_v their_o difference_n and_o reunite_v the_o church_n benedict_n the_o antipope_n come_v to_o porto_n veneri_fw-la and_o gregory_n to_o lucca_n where_o many_o expedient_n be_v propose_v but_o nothing_o conclude_v whereupon_o the_o cardinal_n forsake_v they_o both_o of_o one_o side_n and_o the_o other_o benedict_n retire_v into_o spain_n and_o gregory_n to_o rimini_n the_o cardinal_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o baldassare_n cossa_n cardinal_n and_o legate_n of_o bologna_n call_v a_o counsel_n at_o pisa_n in_o which_o they_o create_v alexander_n v._n who_o immediate_o excommunicate_v king_n ladislaus_n invest_v luigid_a '_o augio_n with_o his_o kingdom_n and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o florentine_n genovese_n venetian_n and_o baldassare_n cossa_n the_o legate_n they_o assault_v ladislaus_n and_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o rome_n 23d_o but_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o war_n alexander_n die_v and_o baldassare_n cossa_n be_v create_v pope_n with_o the_o name_n of_o john_n xxiii_o john_n be_v create_v at_o bologna_n but_o remove_v to_o rome_n where_o he_o find_v luigi_n d'_fw-fr angio_n with_o the_o force_n of_o provence_n have_v join_v himself_o with_o he_o they_o march_v out_o against_o king_n ladislaus_n fight_v with_o he_o and_o rout_v his_o army_n but_o for_o want_v of_o good_a conduct_n not_o pursue_v their_o victory_n king_n ladislaus_n rally_v recover_v rome_n and_o force_v the_o pope_n away_o to_o bologna_n and_o luigi_n to_o provence_n the_o pope_n cast_v about_o with_o himself_o which_o way_n he_o may_v restrain_v and_o lessen_v the_o power_n of_o king_n ladislaus_n cause_v sigismond_n king_n of_o hungary_n to_o be_v choose_v emperor_n invite_v he_o into_o italy_n to_o which_o purpose_n they_o have_v a_o conference_n at_o mantua_n where_o it_o be_v conclude_v a_o general_n council_n shall_v be_v call_v for_o unite_n the_o church_n upon_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o which_o it_o be_v presume_v they_o shall_v be_v better_a able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o encroachment_n of_o their_o enemy_n at_o this_o time_n once_o there_o be_v three_o pope_n in_o be_v at_o once_o gregory_n benedict_n and_o john_n which_o keep_v the_o church_n very_o low_a both_o in_o force_n and_o reputation_n the_o place_n appoint_v for_o their_o convention_n be_v constance_n a_o city_n in_o germany_n contrary_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o pope_n john_n and_o though_o by_o the_o death_n of_o king_n ladislaus_n the_o great_a reason_n be_v take_v away_o that_o move_v the_o pope_n to_o that_o proposition_n nevertheless_o thing_n be_v go_v so_o far_o and_o he_o under_o a_o obligation_n he_o can_v not_o handsome_o come_v off_o but_o be_v force_v to_o go_v to_o it_o be_v arrive_v at_o constance_n it_o be_v not_o many_o month_n before_o he_o find_v his_o error_n and_o endeavour_v to_o have_v escape_v but_o be_v discover_v and_o take_v he_o be_v put_v in_o prison_n and_o compel_v to_o renounce_v gregory_n one_o of_o the_o anti-popes_n renounce_v by_o proxy_n but_o benedict_n the_o other_o antipope_n refuse_v and_o be_v condemn_v for_o a_o heretic_n at_o last_o find_v himself_o abandon_v by_o all_o the_o cardinal_n he_o renounce_v likewise_o and_o the_o counsel_n create_v a_o new_a pope_n viz._n oddo_n of_o the_o house_n of_o coloâ—ma_n 5_o who_o take_v the_o name_n of_o martin_n v._o upon_o which_o the_o schism_n be_v compose_v and_o the_o church_n unite_v after_o it_o have_v be_v divide_v forty_o year_n and_o several_a pope_n live_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n as_o we_o say_v before_o philip_n visconti_n be_v at_o this_o time_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o pauâ—a_n but_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o fantino_n care_n who_o in_o the_o trouble_n of_o lombardy_n have_v make_v himself_o lord_n of_o vercelli_n alexandria_n novara_n and_o tortona_n and_o contract_v great_a wealth_n have_v no_o son_n he_o bequeath_v his_o dominion_n to_o his_o wife_n beatrix_n enjoin_v his_o friend_n to_o use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o marry_v she_o to_o philip_n by_o which_o marriage_n philip_n be_v much_o strengthen_v he_o recover_v milan_n and_o all_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o lombardy_n after_o which_o to_o recompense_v her_o great_a benefit_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o other_o prince_n he_o accuse_v his_o wife_n beatrix_n of_o adultery_n and_o put_v she_o to_o death_n be_v arrive_v at_o that_o height_n both_o of_o power_n and_o grandeur_n he_o begin_v to_o contrive_v against_o toscany_n and_o pursue_v the_o design_n of_o his_o father_n john_n galeazzo_n ladislaus_n king_n of_o naples_n at_o his_o death_n have_v leave_v to_o his_o sister_n giovanna_n beside_o his_o kingdom_n a_o formidable_a army_n command_v by_o the_o chief_a captain_n in_o italy_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n by_o sforza_n da_fw-mi contignuolo_n a_o person_n of_o particular_a repute_n for_o his_o valour_n in_o those_o war_n the_o queen_n to_o clear_v herself_o of_o a_o aspersion_n of_o too_o much_o intimacy_n with_o one_o panâ—olfello_n which_o she_o advance_v take_v to_o her_o husband_n giacopa_n della_fw-it marcia_n a_o frenchman_n of_o royal_a extraction_n but_o upon_o condition_n he_o shall_v content_v himself_o to_o be_v call_v prince_n of_o taranâ—o_n and_o leave_v the_o title_n and_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o she_o but_o the_o soldier_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v arrive_v in_o naples_n call_v he_o king_n which_o occasion_v great_a difference_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o queen_n sometime_o one_o prevail_v and_o sometime_o the_o other_o but_o at_o length_n the_o government_n rest_v in_o the_o queen_n and_o she_o become_v a_o severe_a enemy_n to_o the_o pope_n whereupon_o sforza_n to_o drive_v she_o into_o a_o necessity_n and_o force_v she_o to_o his_o own_o term_n lay_v down_o his_o commission_n and_o refuse_v to_o serve_v she_o against_o he_o by_o which_o mean_v be_v as_o it_o be_v disarm_v in_o a_o moment_n general_n have_v no_o other_o remedy_n she_o apply_v herself_o to_o alphonso_n king_n of_o arragon_n and_o sicily_n adopt_v he_o her_o son_n and_o to_o command_v her_o army_n she_o entertain_v braccio_fw-mi da_fw-mi montone_n as_o eminent_a a_o soldier_n as_o sforza_n and_o a_o adversary_n of_o the_o pope_n upon_o account_n of_o certain_a town_n as_o perugia_n and_o other_o which_o he_o have_v usurp_v from_o the_o church_n after_o this_o a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o she_o and_o the_o pope_n but_o alphonso_n suspect_v lest_o she_o shall_v serve_v he_o as_o she_o have_v do_v her_o husband_n begin_v private_o to_o contrive_v how_o he_o may_v possess_v himself_o of_o the_o fort_n but_o the_o queen_n be_v cunning_a and_o prevent_v he_o by_o fortify_v herself_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o naples_n jealousy_n increase_v in_o this_o manner_n and_o nobody_o interpose_v they_o come_v to_o a_o engagement_n and_o the_o queen_n by_o the_o help_n of_o sforza_n who_o be_v return_v to_o her_o service_n overcome_v alphonso_n drive_v he_o out_o of_o naples_n abdicate_v he_o and_o adopt_a lodovic_n d'_fw-fr angio_n in_o his_o place_n hereupon_o new_a war_n ensue_v betwixt_o braccio_n who_o be_v of_o alphonso_n party_n and_o sforza_n who_o be_v for_o the_o queen_n in_o the_o process_n of_o the_o war_n sforza_n pass_v the_o river_n pescara_n be_v by_o
affair_n the_o florentine_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o their_o liberty_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v imagine_v what_o strength_n and_o authority_n it_o acquire_v in_o a_o short_a time_n for_o it_o come_v not_o only_o to_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n in_o tuscany_n but_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o principal_a of_o all_o italy_n and_o indeed_o there_o be_v no_o grandeur_n to_o which_o it_o may_v not_o have_v arrive_v have_v it_o not_o be_v obstruct_v by_o new_a and_o frequent_a dissension_n ten_o year_n together_o the_o florenty_n live_v under_o this_o government_n in_o which_o time_n they_o force_v the_o pistoiesi_n aretini_n and_o sanesi_n to_o make_v peace_n with_o they_o and_o return_v with_o their_o army_n from_o sienna_n they_o take_v volterra_n demolish_v several_a castle_n and_o bring_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o florence_n in_o these_o expedition_n the_o guelf_n have_v the_o principal_a conduct_n as_o be_v much_o more_o popular_a than_o the_o ghibilines_n who_o have_v carry_v themselves_o imperious_o during_o frederick_n reign_n and_o make_v themselves_o odious_a or_o else_o it_o be_v because_o the_o church_n party_n have_v more_o friend_n than_o the_o emperor_n as_o be_v think_v more_o consistent_a with_o their_o liberty_n the_o ghibilines_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v displease_v to_o see_v their_o authority_n so_o sensible_o decrease_v can_v not_o be_v satisfy_v but_o attend_v all_o occasion_n to_o repossess_v themselves_o of_o the_o government_n when_o manfredi_n the_o son_n of_o frederick_n king_n of_o naples_n be_v invest_v in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o have_v overpower_a the_o power_n of_o the_o church_n conceive_v it_o a_o fair_a opportunity_n they_o practise_v private_o with_o he_o to_o reassume_v their_o government_n but_o they_o can_v not_o manage_v it_o so_o cunning_o but_o their_o practice_n be_v discover_v to_o the_o antiani_n who_o summon_v the_o uberti_n thereupon_o the_o uberti_n not_o only_o refuse_v to_o appear_v but_o take_v arm_n and_o fortify_v themselves_o in_o their_o house_n at_o which_o the_o people_n be_v incense_v take_v arm_n likewise_o ghibiline_n and_o join_v with_o the_o guelf_n drive_v they_o out_o of_o florence_n and_o force_v the_o whole_a ghibiline_a party_n to_o transplant_v to_o sienna_n from_o thence_o they_o desire_v the_o assistance_n of_o manfredi_n king_n of_o naples_n who_o send_v they_o supply_n by_o the_o conduct_n and_o diligence_n of_o frinata_n of_o the_o house_n of_o uberti_n the_o guelf_n receive_v such_o a_o blow_n upon_o the_o river_n arebia_n that_o those_o which_o escape_v suppose_v their_o city_n lose_v flee_v direct_o to_o lucca_n and_o leave_v florence_n to_o shift_v for_o itself_o manfredi_n have_v give_v the_o command_n of_o the_o auxiliaries_n which_o he_o send_v to_o the_o ghibiline_n to_o the_o conte_n giordano_n a_o captain_n of_o no_o small_a reputation_n in_o those_o time_n giordano_n after_o this_o victory_n advance_v with_o his_o ghibilines_n to_o florence_n reduce_v the_o city_n to_o the_o obedience_n of_o manfredi_n depose_v the_o magistrate_n and_o alter_v or_o abrogate_a all_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n that_o may_v give_v they_o the_o least_o figure_n or_o commemoration_n of_o their_o liberty_n which_o injury_n be_v do_v with_o little_a discretion_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o people_n with_o so_o much_o detestation_n that_o whereas_o before_o they_o be_v scarce_o enemy_n to_o the_o ghibiline_n they_o become_v thereby_o inveterate_a and_o implacable_a and_o that_o mortal_a animosity_n be_v in_o time_n their_o utter_a destruction_n be_v to_o return_v to_o naples_n upon_o affair_n of_o great_a importance_n to_o that_o kingdom_n the_o conte_n giordano_n leave_v comte_n guido_n novello_n lord_n of_o casentino_n in_o florence_n as_o deputy_n for_o the_o king_n this_o guido_n novello_n call_v a_o council_n of_o ghibilines_n at_o empoli_n wherein_o it_o be_v unanimous_o conclude_v that_o florence_n shall_v be_v raze_v be_v by_o reason_n the_o people_n be_v so_o rigid_a guelf_n the_o only_a city_n capable_a to_o reinforce_v the_o decline_a party_n of_o the_o church_n upon_o so_o cruel_a and_o barbarous_a a_o sentence_n against_o so_o noble_a a_o city_n uberti_n there_o be_v not_o one_o friend_n or_o citizen_n oppose_v beside_o ferinata_fw-la delli_fw-it uberti_n who_o public_o and_o courageous_o undertake_v its_o defence_n declare_v that_o he_o have_v not_o run_v so_o many_o danger_n not_o expose_v himself_o to_o so_o many_o difficulty_n but_o to_o live_v quiet_o afterward_o in_o his_o own_o country_n nor_o will_v he_o now_o reject_v what_o he_o contend_v for_o so_o long_o nor_o refuse_v that_o which_o his_o good_a fortune_n have_v give_v he_o he_o be_v resolve_v rather_o to_o oppose_v himself_o against_o whoever_o shall_v design_v otherwise_o with_o as_o much_o vigour_n and_o zeal_n as_o he_o have_v do_v against_o the_o guelf_n and_o if_o jealousy_n and_o apprehension_n shall_v prompt_v they_o to_o endeavour_v the_o destruction_n of_o their_o country_n they_o may_v attempt_v if_o they_o please_v but_o he_o hope_v with_o the_o same_o virtue_n which_o drive_v out_o the_o guelf_n he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o defend_v the_o city_n this_o ferinata_n be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a courage_n excellent_a conduct_n head_n of_o the_o ghibiline_n and_o in_o no_o small_a esteem_n with_o manfredi_n himself_o these_o qualification_n and_o the_o consideration_n of_o his_o authority_n put_v a_o end_n to_o that_o resolution_n and_o they_o begin_v now_o to_o take_v new_a measure_n and_o contrive_v way_n of_o preserve_v the_o state_n the_o guelf_n who_o have_v flee_v to_o lucca_n be_v dismiss_v by_o the_o lucchesi_n upon_o the_o count_n commination_n they_o withdraw_v to_o bologna_n from_o whence_o be_v invite_v by_o the_o guelf_n of_o parma_n to_o go_v against_o the_o ghibiline_n pope_n they_o behave_v themselves_o so_o well_o that_o by_o their_o valour_n the_o adversary_n be_v overcome_v and_o their_o possession_n give_v to_o they_o so_o that_o increase_v in_o honour_n and_o wealth_n and_o understand_v that_o pope_n clement_n have_v call_v carlo_n d'_fw-fr angio_n into_o italy_n to_o depose_v manfredi_n if_o possible_o they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o his_o holiness_n to_o tender_v their_o assistance_n which_o the_o pope_n not_o only_o accept_v but_o send_v they_o his_o own_o standard_n which_o the_o guelf_n carry_v ever_o after_o in_o their_o war_n and_o be_v use_v in_o florence_n to_o this_o very_a day_n after_o this_o manfredi_n be_v beat_v despoil_a of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o slay_v and_o the_o guelf_n of_o florence_n have_v perform_v their_o share_n in_o that_o action_n their_o party_n grow_v more_o brisk_a and_o courageous_a and_o the_o ghibilines_n more_o timorous_a and_o weak_a whereupon_o those_o who_o with_o count_n guido_n novello_n be_v at_o the_o helm_n in_o florence_n begin_v to_o cast_v about_o how_o they_o may_v by_o benefit_n or_o otherwise_o gain_n and_o cajole_v the_o people_n who_o before_o they_o have_v exasperate_v by_o all_o circumstance_n of_o injury_n but_o those_o remedy_n which_o if_o use_v in_o time_n before_o necessity_n require_v may_v possible_o have_v prevail_v be_v apply_v abrupt_o and_o too_o late_o do_v not_o only_o not_o contribute_v to_o their_o safety_n but_o hasten_v their_o ruin_n to_o coak_n and_o insinuate_v with_o the_o people_n and_o their_o party_n they_o think_v it_o will_v do_v much_o if_o they_o restore_v they_o to_o a_o part_n of_o that_o honour_n and_o authority_n which_o they_o have_v lose_v to_o this_o purpose_n they_o choose_v xxxvi_o citizen_n from_o among_o the_o people_n and_o add_v to_o they_o two_o foreign_a gentleman_n from_o bologna_n they_o give_v they_o power_n to_o reform_v the_o state_n of_o the_o city_n as_o they_o please_v as_o soon_o as_o they_o meet_v the_o first_o thing_n they_o pitch_v upon_o be_v to_o divide_v the_o city_n into_o several_a art_n or_o trade_n over_o each_o art_n they_o place_v a_o master_n florence_n who_o be_v to_o administer_v justice_n to_o all_o under_o his_o ward_n and_o to_o every_o art_n a_o banner_n be_v assign_v that_o under_o that_o each_o company_n may_v appear_v in_o arm_n when_o ever_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o city_n require_v it_o at_o first_o these_o art_n or_o company_n be_v twelve_o seven_o great_a and_o five_o less_o the_o lesser_a increase_a afterward_o to_o fourteen_o their_o whole_a number_n advance_v to_o xxi_o as_o it_o remain_v at_o this_o day_n the_o reformation_n proceed_v quiet_o in_o this_o manner_n and_o contrive_v many_o thing_n for_o the_o common_a benefit_n of_o the_o people_n without_o interruption_n count_n guido_n think_v himself_o under_o a_o equal_a obligation_n to_o provide_v for_o his_o soldier_n cause_v a_o tax_n to_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o citizen_n to_o raise_v money_n for_o their_o pay_n but_o he_o find_v such_o difficulty_n in_o the_o business_n he_o dare_v never_o collect_v it_o whereupon_o perceive_v all_o lose_v unless_o something_o be_v sudden_o do_v he_o combine_v
which_o be_v banish_v and_o send_v many_o new_a one_o into_o banishment_n after_o they_o the_o citizen_n be_v question_v and_o molest_v not_o only_o for_o their_o inclination_n to_o the_o party_n but_o for_o their_o wealth_n their_o relation_n and_o private_a correspondency_n and_o have_v this_o proscription_n proceed_v to_o blood_n it_o have_v be_v as_o bad_a as_o octaviano_n or_o silla_n nor_o be_v it_o altogether_o without_o for_o antonio_n di_fw-it bernardo_n be_v behead_v and_o four_o other_o cizen_n of_o which_o zanobi_n bel_n fratelli_n and_o cosimo_n barbadori_n be_v two_o who_o have_v escape_v out_o of_o their_o dominion_n and_o be_v get_v to_o venice_n the_o venetian_n value_v cosimo_n friend_n ship_n before_o their_o own_o honour_n and_o reputation_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v secure_v send_v they_o prisoner_n home_n where_o they_o be_v most_o unworthy_o put_v to_o death_n however_o that_o example_n give_v great_a advantage_n to_o cosimo_n party_n and_o great_a terror_n to_o the_o adverse_a when_o it_o be_v consider_v that_o so_o potent_a a_o republic_n shall_v sell_v its_o liberty_n to_o the_o florentine_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v do_v not_o so_o much_o in_o kindness_n to_o cosimo_n as_o to_o revive_v and_o incense_v the_o faction_n in_o florence_n and_o by_o engage_v they_o in_o blood_n to_o render_v the_o animosity_n in_o that_o city_n irreconcilable_a the_o venetian_n be_v jealous_a of_o no_o other_o obstruction_n to_o their_o greatness_n but_o the_o union_n of_o those_o party_n have_v pillage_v and_o banish_v all_o such_o as_o be_v enemy_n or_o suspect_v to_o be_v so_o to_o the_o state_n they_o apply_v themselves_o to_o charess_n and_o oblige_v new_a person_n to_o corroborate_v their_o party_n restore_v the_o family_n of_o the_o alberti_n florence_n and_o whoever_o else_o have_v be_v proclaim_v rebel_n to_o his_o country_n all_o the_o grandee_n except_o some_o few_o be_v reduce_v into_o the_o popular_a rank_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o rebel_n they_o sell_v to_o one_o another_o for_o a_o song_n after_o which_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o with_o new_a law_n new_a magistrate_n and_o new_a election_n pull_v out_o such_o as_o they_o think_v their_o enemy_n and_o fill_v the_o purse_n with_o the_o name_n of_o their_o friend_n but_o admonish_v by_o the_o ruin_n of_o their_o friend_n and_o think_v not_o enough_o for_o the_o security_n of_o their_o government_n to_o make_v the_o imborsation_n as_o they_o please_v they_o contrive_v that_o all_o officer_n of_o life_n and_o death_n shall_v be_v create_v out_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o their_o party_n and_o that_o the_o person_n who_o be_v to_o oversee_v the_o imborsation_n and_o the_o new_a squittini_n shall_v with_o the_o senator_n have_v power_n to_o create_v they_o to_o the_o eight_o of_o the_o guard_n they_o give_v authority_n of_o life_n and_o death_n they_o decree_v that_o the_o banish_a person_n shall_v not_o return_v though_o the_o time_n of_o their_o banishment_n be_v expire_v till_o leave_v give_v they_o by_o four_o and_o thirty_o of_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o college_n when_o their_o whole_a number_n amount_v but_o to_o thirty_o and_o seven_o they_o make_v it_o criminal_a to_o write_v or_o receive_v letter_n from_o they_o every_o word_n every_o sign_n every_o motion_n that_o be_v unpleasing_a to_o the_o governor_n be_v punish_v severe_o and_o if_o any_o one_o remain_v suspect_v who_o have_v escape_v these_o injury_n they_o load_v he_o with_o new_a duty_n and_o imposition_n till_o in_o a_o short_a time_n they_o have_v clear_v the_o city_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o secure_v the_o government_n to_o themselves_o however_o that_o they_o may_v want_v no_o assistance_n from_o abroad_o and_o intercept_v it_o from_o such_o as_o shall_v design_v against_o they_o they_o enter_v into_o league_n with_o the_o pope_n the_o venetian_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n thing_n be_v in_o this_o posture_n in_o floreâ—ce_n giovanna_n queen_n of_o naples_n die_v and_o by_o will_n make_v rinieri_n dâ—_n angio_n her_o heir_n alphonso_n king_n of_o arragon_n be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o sicily_n and_o have_v good_a interest_n with_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o that_o kingdom_n he_o prepare_v to_o possess_v it_o the_o neapolitan_n and_o several_a other_o of_o the_o lord_n be_v favourer_n of_o rinieri_n the_o pope_n have_v no_o mind_n that_o either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o shall_v have_v it_o but_o will_v willing_o have_v govern_v by_o a_o deputy_n of_o his_o own_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n alphonso_n arrive_v out_o of_o sicily_n and_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o sessa_o where_o he_o entertain_v certain_a prince_n into_o his_o pay_n with_o design_n have_v capua_n in_o his_o possession_n which_o be_v govern_v at_o that_o time_n in_o his_o name_n by_o the_o prince_n of_o taranto_n to_o force_v the_o neapolitan_n to_o his_o will_n wherefore_o he_o send_v his_o army_n against_o caietta_n which_o be_v defend_v by_o a_o garrison_n of_o neapolitan_n upon_o this_o invasion_n the_o neapolitan_n demand_v assistance_n of_o philip_n who_o recommend_v the_o enterprise_n to_o the_o people_n of_o genoa_n the_o genoeses_n not_o only_o to_o gratify_v the_o duke_n who_o be_v their_o prince_n but_o to_o preserve_v the_o good_n and_o effect_n which_o they_o have_v at_o that_o time_n both_o in_o naples_n and_o caietta_n rig_v out_o a_o strong_a fleet_n immediate_o alphonso_n have_v news_n of_o their_o preparation_n reinforce_v himself_o go_v in_o person_n against_o the_o genoeses_n and_o come_v to_o a_o engagement_n with_o they_o of_o the_o island_n of_o pontus_n he_o be_v beat_v take_v prisoner_n with_o several_a other_o prince_n and_o present_v by_o the_o genoeses_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o duke_n philip._n philip._n this_o victory_n astonish_v all_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n who_o have_v any_o apprehension_n of_o the_o power_n of_o philip_n believe_v it_o will_v give_v he_o opportunity_n to_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o all_o but_o he_o so_o different_a be_v the_o judgement_n of_o man_n take_v his_o measure_n quite_o contrary_a alphonso_n be_v a_o wise_a and_o prudent_a prince_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v convenience_n of_o discourse_v with_o philip_n remonstrate_v to_o he_o how_o much_o he_o be_v mistake_v in_o side_v with_o rinieri_n for_o that_o assure_o have_v make_v himself_o king_n of_o naples_n he_o will_v endeavour_v with_o all_o his_o power_n to_o bring_v milan_n in_o subjection_n to_o the_o french_a that_o his_o assistance_n may_v be_v near_o he_o and_o that_o upon_o any_o distress_n he_o may_v not_o be_v put_v to_o it_o to_o force_v a_o way_n for_o his_o supply_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o way_n to_o do_v it_o so_o effectual_a as_o by_o ruine_v he_o and_o introduce_v the_o french_a that_o the_o contrary_n will_v happen_v by_o make_v alphonso_n prince_n for_o then_o have_v nobody_o to_o fear_v but_o the_o french_a he_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o love_v and_o charess_n the_o duke_n above_o any_o body_n in_o who_o power_n it_o will_v be_v to_o give_v his_o enemy_n a_o passage_n by_o which_o mean_v alponso_n shall_v have_v the_o title_n but_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n will_v remain_v in_o duke_n philip_n insomuch_o that_o it_o import_v the_o duke_n much_o more_o than_o himself_o to_o consider_v the_o danger_n of_o one_o side_n with_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o other_o unless_o he_o desire_v more_o to_o satisfy_v his_o passion_n than_o to_o secure_v his_o state_n for_o as_o by_o that_o way_n he_o will_v continue_v free_a and_o independent_a by_o the_o other_o lie_v betwixt_o two_o powerful_a prince_n he_o will_v lose_v his_o state_n quite_o or_o live_v in_o perpetual_a apprehension_n be_v a_o slave_n to_o they_o both_o these_o word_n wrought_v so_o much_o upon_o the_o duke_n that_o change_v his_o design_n he_o set_v alphonso_n at_o liberty_n send_v he_o back_o to_o genoa_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n where_o he_o land_v at_o caietta_n which_o upon_o the_o news_n of_o his_o enlargement_n have_v be_v seize_v by_o some_o lord_n of_o his_o party_n the_o genoeses_n understand_v how_o without_o any_o regard_n to_o they_o the_o duke_n have_v discharge_v the_o king_n and_o consider_v with_o themselves_o that_o of_o all_o their_o danger_n and_o expense_n he_o have_v ingross_v the_o honour_n impropriate_v the_o thanks_o of_o the_o king_n enlargement_n and_o leave_v they_o nothing_o but_o his_o regrate_a and_o indignation_n for_o have_v defeat_v and_o take_v he_o prisoner_n be_v high_o dissatisfy_v with_o the_o duke_n in_o the_o city_n of_o genoa_n cenoa_n when_o it_o have_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o its_o liberty_n by_o the_o free_a suffrage_n of_o the_o people_n a_o chief_a be_v choose_v which_o they_o call_v their_o doge_fw-it not_o with_o the_o absolute_a power_n of_o a_o prince_n to_o determine_v arbitrary_o of_o any_o thing_n but_o
perpetual_a peace_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n shall_v choose_v the_o duke_n commissioner_n return_v to_o know_v his_o resolution_n they_o find_v he_o dead_a however_o the_o milanesi_n be_v willing_a to_o stand_v to_o their_o agreement_n but_o the_o venetian_n will_v not_o condescend_v fancy_v great_a hope_n to_o themselves_o of_o overrun_v that_o state_n milan_n because_o lodi_n and_o piacenza_n have_v submit_v to_o they_o soon_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o duke_n and_o believe_v either_o by_o treaty_n or_o force_n they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o reduce_v the_o rest_n before_o any_o body_n can_v come_v in_o to_o their_o relief_n and_o this_o they_o fancy_v the_o rather_o because_o the_o florentine_n be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o alfonso_n alfonso_n be_v at_o this_o time_n at_o tiboli_n and_o be_v impatient_a to_o pursue_v his_o design_n upon_o tuscany_n according_a to_o agreement_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o duke_n conceive_v the_o waralready_a commence_v in_o lombardy_n will_v give_v he_o convenience_n he_o have_v a_o great_a mind_n to_o have_v foam_n foot_v in_o the_o state_n of_o florence_n florentine_n before_o the_o war_n shall_v apparent_o break_v out_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o enter_v into_o correspondence_n with_o some_o person_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o cennina_fw-la in_o the_o upper_a vald_n '_o arno_n and_o take_v it_o the_o florentine_n be_v much_o surprise_v at_o so_o unexpected_a a_o accident_n and_o see_v that_o king_n in_o motion_n against_o they_o they_o list_v man_n create_v a_o new_a council_n of_o ten_o and_o provide_v themselves_o for_o war_n with_o as_o much_o industry_n as_o any_o of_o their_o predecessor_n the_o king_n be_v march_v already_o with_o his_o army_n into_o the_o country_n of_o sienna_n and_o have_v use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o get_v that_o city_n into_o his_o clutch_n but_o it_o continue_v firm_a to_o the_o florentine_n refuse_v to_o admit_v he_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o town_n under_o its_o jurisdiction_n do_v the_o same_o yet_o they_o furnish_v he_o with_o provision_n their_o weakness_n and_o the_o king_n great_a strength_n excuse_v it_o the_o king_n resolution_n be_v change_v of_o invade_v the_o florentine_n by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o val_n d'_fw-fr arno_n either_o because_o cennina_fw-la be_v take_v from_o he_o again_o or_o that_o the_o florentine_n be_v too_o well_o furnish_v with_o soldier_n in_o those_o part_n wherefore_o he_o turn_v towards_o volterra_n and_o surprise_v many_o castle_n in_o the_o county_n belong_v thereto_o from_o thence_o he_o pass_v into_o the_o county_n of_o pisa_n where_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o arrigo_n and_o fatio_n count_n of_o gherardesca_n he_o take_v some_o post_n and_o then_o assault_v campiglia_n which_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o florentine_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o carry_v so_o that_o the_o king_n leave_v garrison_n in_o the_o place_n he_o have_v take_v and_o certain_a troop_n to_o make_v excursion_n upon_o the_o enemy_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n retire_v and_o take_v his_o quarter_n in_o the_o country_n of_o sienna_n the_o florentine_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v secure_v by_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n provide_v themselves_o with_o soldier_n with_o all_o possible_a care_n and_o give_v the_o command_n of_o they_o to_o federigo_n lord_n of_o urbino_n and_o gismondo_n malatesta_n da_fw-la rimino_fw-la betwixt_o who_o there_o be_v some_o precedent_a difference_n yet_o it_o be_v so_o prudent_o compose_v by_o neri_n de_fw-fr gino_n and_o barnardetto_n de_fw-fr medici_n their_o commissary_n that_o they_o take_v the_o field_n together_o before_o the_o winter_n be_v over_o recover_v the_o place_n lose_v in_o the_o country_n of_o pisa_n and_o the_o pomerancie_n in_o the_o volterran_n curb_v and_o restrain_v his_o excursion_n of_o those_o who_o be_v leave_v by_o alfonso_n upon_o the_o coast_n so_o as_o they_o be_v scarceable_a to_o secure_v their_o garrison_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o spring_n be_v come_v the_o commissary_n have_v a_o rendezvous_n of_o all_o their_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o about_o 5000_o horse_n and_o 2000_o foot_n at_o spedalletto_n and_o the_o king_n have_v another_o of_o about_o 15000_o some_o three_o mile_n from_o campiglia_n and_o when_o it_o be_v suppose_v he_o will_v have_v fall_v upon_o that_o town_n he_o turn_v about_o to_o piombino_n believe_v it_o will_v be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o gain_v it_o in_o respect_n that_o it_o be_v but_o indifferent_o provide_v and_o if_o he_o do_v it_o will_v be_v no_o little_a prejudice_n to_o the_o florentine_n see_v from_o thence_o he_o can_v harrass_n they_o with_o a_o tedious_a war_n and_o by_o send_v force_n there_o by_o sea_n infest_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o pisa._n this_o policy_n of_o alfonsoâ—_n startle_v the_o florentine_n and_o consult_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v it_o be_v conclude_v that_o if_o they_o can_v lie_v with_o their_o army_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o campiglia_n he_o will_v run_v a_o hazard_n of_o be_v beat_v or_o be_v force_v to_o draw_v off_o with_o no_o little_a disgrace_n to_o this_o purpose_n they_o rig_v out_o four_o gallias_n which_o they_o have_v at_o ligorn_n and_o send_v three_o thousand_o foot_n in_o they_o to_o reinforce_v piombino_n and_o then_o post_v themselves_o at_o caldane_n a_o place_n of_o no_o easy_a access_n for_o to_o lie_v upon_o the_o coast_n in_o the_o plain_a they_o judge_v it_o more_o dangerous_a and_o more_o subject_a to_o attack_n the_o florentine_n be_v to_o be_v supply_v from_o the_o neighbour_a town_n which_o be_v thin_a and_o but_o ill_o inhabit_v they_o be_v but_o indifferent_o furnish_v so_o that_o the_o army_n be_v much_o incommode_v especial_o for_o wine_n for_o none_o grow_v there_o and_o come_v with_o great_a difficulty_n from_o other_o part_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o provide_v for_o they_o all_o but_o the_o king_n though_o straighten_a by_o the_o florentine_n have_v plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o florentine_n perceive_v it_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o try_v experiment_n whether_o their_o force_n can_v not_o be_v supply_v by_o sea_n likewise_o whereupon_o they_o cause_v their_o gallias_n to_o be_v bring_v load_v they_o with_o victual_n and_o have_v dispatch_v they_o according_o they_o be_v set_v upon_o by_o seven_o of_o alfonso_n galley_n and_o two_o of_o they_o take_v and_o the_o other_o two_o flee_v this_o disaster_n cut_v off_o all_o hope_n of_o relieve_v that_o way_n so_o that_o 200_o of_o the_o loose_a sort_n of_o soldier_n run_v away_o to_o the_o king_n camp_n for_o want_n of_o wine_n and_o the_o rest_n mutiny_v grumling_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v confine_v to_o so_o hot_a place_n where_o there_o be_v no_o wine_n and_o the_o water_n very_o bad_a hereupon_o the_o commissary_n take_v it_o into_o debate_n and_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o they_o shall_v leave_v that_o post_n and_o address_v themselves_o to_o the_o recovery_n of_o certain_a castle_n 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his_o own_o town_n in_o lombardy_n rinato_n continue_v his_o resolution_n depart_v for_o france_n and_o as_o he_o have_v promise_v send_v his_o son_n giovanni_n into_o italy_n who_o stay_v not_o in_o lombardy_n but_o remove_v present_o to_o florence_n where_o he_o be_v honourable_o entertain_v this_o departure_n of_o rinato_n dispose_v duke_n francisco_n to_o peace_n the_o venetian_n the_o florentine_n and_o alfonso_n be_v all_o weary_a of_o the_o war_n and_o ready_a to_o embrace_v it_o and_o the_o pope_n desire_v it_o above_o all_o by_o reason_n that_o that_o very_a year_n mahomet_n the_o great_a turk_n have_v take_v constantinople_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o all_o greece_n which_o alarm_v all_o christendom_n but_o especial_o the_o venetian_n and_o the_o pope_n who_o imagine_v already_o they_o feel_v his_o talon_n in_o italy_n the_o pope_n therefore_o desire_v all_o the_o potentate_n of_o italy_n that_o they_o will_v send_v their_o several_a plenipotentiaries_n to_o he_o to_o negotiate_v a_o general_a peace_n his_o motion_n be_v accept_v and_o the_o ambassador_n meet_v when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o matter_n so_o much_o difficulty_n arise_v as_o there_o be_v but_o small_a hope_n of_o accommodation_n alfonso_n require_v that_o the_o florentine_n shall_v reinburse_v he_o for_o all_o the_o charge_n he_o have_v be_v at_o in_o the_o war_n and_o the_o florentine_n expect_v the_o same_o the_o venetian_n demand_v cremona_n of_o the_o duke_n and_o the_o duke_n bergamo_n brescia_n and_o crema_fw-la of_o they_o so_o that_o these_o difficulty_n seem_v impossible_a to_o be_v remove_v nevertheless_o what_o be_v so_o desperate_a at_o rome_n among_o so_o many_o be_v easy_o conclude_v betwixt_o two_o of_o they_o at_o milan_n and_o venice_n for_o whilst_o the_o peace_n be_v negotiate_v at_o rome_n and_o proceed_v thus_o slow_o on_o the_o nine_o of_o april_n 1454_o it_o be_v determine_v betwixt_o the_o duke_n and_o the_o venetian_n that_o each_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v 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cosimo_n say_v the_o pope_n be_v a_o old_a man_n but_o he_o have_v begin_v a_o enterprise_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o boy_n to_o the_o venetian_a ambassador_n who_o come_v to_o florence_n with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o alfonso_n to_o complain_v of_o that_o commonwealth_n put_v his_o hat_n off_o to_o they_o he_o demand_v the_o colour_n of_o his_o hair_n they_o tell_v he_o it_o be_v gray_a he_o reply_v in_o time_n your_o senator_n will_v be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n not_o many_o hour_n before_o his_o death_n his_o wife_n see_v he_o shut_v his_o eye_n inquire_v why_o he_o do_v so_o and_o he_o tell_v she_o to_o use_v they_o some_o citizen_n after_o his_o return_n complain_v to_o he_o that_o the_o city_n will_v be_v depopulate_v and_o god_n almighty_a offend_v if_o he_o banish_v so_o many_o wealthy_a and_o religious_a man_n he_o tell_v they_o the_o city_n have_v better_o be_v depopulate_v than_o destroy_v that_o two_o yard_n of_o cloth_n be_v enough_o to_o keep_v a_o man_n from_o the_o cold_a and_o that_o state_n be_v not_o to_o be_v preserve_v by_o the_o bead_n a_o man_n carry_v in_o his_o hand_n these_o last_o expression_n give_v his_o enemy_n occasion_n to_o calumniate_v he_o as_o a_o person_n that_o be_v a_o great_a lover_n of_o himself_o than_o his_o country_n and_o one_o that_o take_v more_o care_n of_o this_o world_n than_o the_o next_o many_o other_o of_o his_o wise_a say_n may_v be_v insert_v but_o be_v unnecessary_a they_o be_v omit_v cosimo_n be_v likewise_o a_o great_a lover_n and_o advancer_n of_o learned_a man_n upon_o which_o score_n he_o entertain_v in_o florence_n argiropolo_fw-la a_o grecian_a as_o learned_a as_o any_o in_o his_o time_n that_o by_o he_o the_o youth_n of_o florence_n may_v be_v instruct_v in_o the_o greek_a tongue_n and_o in_o several_a of_o his_o tenet_n he_o entertain_v likewise_o in_o his_o house_n marcileo_n ficino_n a_o great_a patron_n of_o the_o platonic_a philosophy_n who_o he_o love_v so_o entire_o and_o that_o he_o 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that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o son_n cause_v himself_o to_o be_v carry_v about_o his_o house_n he_o sigh_v and_o say_v this_o house_n be_v too_o big_a for_o so_o small_a a_o family_n it_o trouble_v he_o also_o that_o he_o have_v not_o in_o his_o judgement_n enlarge_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o florentine_a state_n nor_o add_v to_o it_o empire_n any_o considerable_a acquest_n and_o it_o be_v trouble_v he_o the_o more_o for_o that_o he_o find_v himself_o cheat_v by_o francisco_n who_o when_o he_o be_v but_o count_n have_v promise_v he_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o milan_n to_o employ_v his_o arm_n against_o lucca_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o florentine_n but_o his_o mind_n change_v with_o his_o fortune_n and_o have_v get_v to_o be_v the_o duke_n of_o milan_n have_v a_o desire_n to_o enjoy_v in_o peace_n what_o he_o have_v obtain_v by_o war_n so_o that_o after_o his_o elevation_n he_o never_o meddle_v in_o foreign_a concern_v nor_o make_v any_o more_o war_n than_o be_v necessary_a for_o his_o own_o defence_n which_o be_v a_o great_a disturbance_n to_o cosimo_n who_o now_o discern_v he_o have_v be_v at_o great_a pain_n and_o expense_n to_o advance_v a_o man_n who_o be_v both_o false_a and_o ingrateful_a he_o perceive_v likewise_o that_o in_o respect_n of_o his_o age_n and_o the_o infirmity_n of_o his_o body_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o apply_v himself_o to_o public_a or_o private_a business_n as_o he_o be_v wont_a and_o he_o see_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o decline_v the_o city_n go_v to_o wrack_n by_o the_o dissension_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o his_o fortune_n by_o his_o minister_n and_o son_n these_o consideration_n give_v he_o no_o little_a disquiet_n towards_o his_o end_n yet_o he_o die_v full_a of_o glory_n and_o renown_n all_o the_o city_n and_o prince_n of_o christendom_n send_v their_o compliment_n of_o condolency_n to_o his_o son_n piero_n the_o whole_a city_n attend_v his_o corpse_n with_o great_a solemnity_n to_o the_o grave_a and_o by_o public_a decree_n it_o be_v inscribe_v upon_o his_o tomb_n padre_n della_fw-it patria_fw-la if_o in_o my_o description_n and_o character_n of_o cosimo_n i_o have_v rather_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o those_o who_o have_v write_v the_o life_n of_o prince_n than_o of_o a_o historian_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v admire_v he_o be_v a_o person_n extraordinary_a in_o our_o city_n and_o i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o give_v he_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a commendation_n during_o the_o time_n that_o italy_n and_o florence_n be_v in_o the_o condition_n aforesaid_a lewis_n king_n of_o france_n be_v infest_a with_o a_o furious_a war_n which_o his_o baron_n at_o the_o instigation_n of_o francis_n duke_n of_o britan_n and_o charles_n duke_n of_o burgundy_n have_v raise_v this_o war_n lie_v so_o heavy_a upon_o he_o he_o can_v not_o assist_v giovanni_n in_o his_o design_n upon_o genoa_n and_o naples_n but_o believe_v he_o have_v need_n enough_o of_o all_o the_o supply_v he_o can_v get_v he_o call_v back_o his_o force_n and_o savona_n be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o french_a he_o order_v it_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o count_n and_o leave_v he_o if_o he_o please_v to_o pursue_v the_o enterprise_n against_o genoa_n the_o count_n be_v easy_o persuade_v to_o a_o thing_n so_o much_o to_o his_o advantage_n so_o that_o by_o the_o reputation_n of_o his_o amity_n with_o the_o french_a king_n and_o the_o assistance_n give_v he_o by_o the_o adorni_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o genoa_n and_o in_o gratitude_n to_o the_o french_a king_n send_v he_o a_o supply_n of_o 1500_o horse_n into_o france_n under_o the_o command_n of_o his_o elder_a son_n galeazzo_n by_o this_o mean_v ferrando_n of_o arragon_n and_o francisco_n sforza_n remain_v at_o quiet_a the_o one_o duke_n of_o lombardy_n and_o lord_n of_o genoa_n the_o other_o king_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o have_v contract_v alliance_n together_o and_o marry_v their_o child_n the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o they_o begin_v to_o consider_v how_o they_o may_v secure_v their_o state_n to_o themselves_o whilst_o they_o live_v and_o to_o their_o heir_n when_o they_o be_v dead_a in_o order_n to_o this_o it_o be_v think_v necessary_a the_o king_n shall_v make_v sure_a of_o such_o of_o his_o baron_n as_o have_v side_v against_o he_o in_o his_o war_n with_o giovanni_n d'_fw-fr angio_n and_o the_o duke_n shall_v endeavour_v to_o extirpate_v all_o that_o have_v be_v favourer_n of_o the_o bracci_n who_o be_v mortal_a enemy_n to_o the_o say_a duke_n and_o at_o that_o time_n in_o great_a reputation_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o giacopo_n piccinino_n for_o giacopo_n be_v the_o great_a captain_n in_o italy_n and_o have_v no_o sovereignty_n of_o his_o own_o it_o concern_v all_o who_o have_v any_o to_o have_v a_o eye_n over_o he_o and_o more_o especial_o the_o duke_n who_o think_v he_o can_v not_o enjoy_v his_o dominion_n safe_o himself_o nor_o leave_v it_o to_o his_o son_n whilst_o giacopo_n be_v live_v hereupon_o the_o king_n with_o all_o industry_n endeavour_v a_o accord_n with_o his_o baron_n use_v all_o possible_a art_n to_o reconcile_v himself_o to_o they_o and_o he_o succeed_v with_o much_o difficulty_n for_o they_o find_v that_o whilst_o they_o be_v in_o war_n with_o the_o king_n they_o must_v certain_o be_v ruin_v but_o by_o accommodation_n of_o their_o difference_n and_o trust_v themselves_o to_o he_o there_o be_v only_o a_o hazard_n and_o because_o man_n do_v always_o avoid_v those_o evil_n with_o more_o readiness_n which_o be_v most_o certain_a prince_n do_v easy_o deceive_v such_o as_o be_v not_o able_a to_o contend_v the_o baron_n see_v nothing_o before_o they_o but_o destruction_n if_o they_o continue_v the_o
courageous_a nor_o can_v any_o think_v be_v object_v sufficient_a to_o eclipse_v these_o virtue_n though_o he_o be_v indeed_o addict_v to_o woman_n take_v too_o much_o pleasure_n in_o the_o company_n of_o witty_a and_o satirical_a man_n and_o will_v play_v at_o boy_n play_v sometime_o beneath_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o office_n for_o he_o will_v play_v many_o time_n with_o his_o child_n at_o all_o the_o most_o idle_a and_o childish_a recreation_n they_o will_v put_v he_o to_o so_o that_o if_o the_o gravity_n of_o his_o life_n be_v consider_v with_o its_o levity_n he_o will_v seem_v to_o be_v compose_v of_o two_o several_a person_n unite_v by_o a_o almost_o impossible_a conjunction_n the_o last_o part_n of_o his_o day_n be_v full_a of_o sorrow_n and_o disquiet_n occasion_v by_o the_o distemper_n of_o his_o body_n for_o he_o be_v sore_o afflict_v with_o intolerable_a pain_n at_o his_o stomach_n die_v which_o bring_v he_o so_o low_o that_o in_o april_n 1492_o he_o die_v in_o the_o 43_o year_n of_o his_o age_n never_o be_v there_o any_o man_n not_o only_o in_o florence_n but_o italy_n who_o depart_v with_o more_o reputation_n for_o his_o wisdom_n nor_o more_o lamentation_n to_o his_o country_n and_o because_o upon_o his_o death_n many_o desolation_n be_v like_a to_o ensue_v the_o heaven_n themselves_o do_v seem_v to_o presage_v it_o the_o spire_n of_o the_o church_n of_o s._n riparata_n be_v strike_v with_o thunder_n with_o such_o fury_n that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o steeple_n be_v destroy_v by_o it_o to_o the_o great_a consternation_n of_o the_o city_n all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o florence_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n bewail_v he_o which_o be_v particulary_a manifest_v by_o their_o several_a compliment_n of_o condolency_n and_o whether_o they_o have_v reason_v or_o not_o for_o what_o they_o do_v the_o effect_n which_o succeed_v a_o while_n after_o do_v clear_o demonstrate_v for_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o counsel_n italy_n can_v not_o find_v one_o remain_v able_a to_o satiate_v or_o restrain_v the_o ambition_n of_o lodovico_n duke_n of_o milan_n for_o want_v of_o which_o after_o his_o death_n such_o seed_n of_o dissension_n break_v forth_o as_o have_v perplex_v and_o embroil_v all_o italy_n ever_o since_o the_o prince_z together_o with_o the_o original_a of_o the_o gvelf_n and_o ghibilin_n life_n of_o castruccio_n castracani_n murder_n of_o vitelli_n etc._n etc._n by_o duke_n valentino_n state_n of_o france_n state_n of_o germany_n by_o nicolas_n machiavelli_n faithful_o english_v london_n print_v for_o john_n starkey_n charles_n harper_n and_o john_n amery_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1680._o nicolo_n machiavelli_n to_o the_o most_o illustrious_a lorenzo_z son_n of_o piero_n de_fw-fr medici_n those_o who_o desire_v the_o favour_n of_o a_o prince_n do_v common_o introduce_v themselves_o by_o present_v he_o with_o such_o thing_n as_o he_o either_o value_v much_o or_o do_v more_o than_o ordinary_o delight_n in_o for_o which_o reason_n he_o be_v frequent_o present_v with_o horse_n arm_n cloth_n of_o gold_n jewel_n and_o such_o ornament_n as_o be_v suitable_a to_o his_o quality_n and_o grandeur_n be_v ambitious_a to_o present_v myself_o to_o your_o highness_n with_o some_o testimony_n of_o my_o devotion_n towards_o you_o in_o all_o my_o wardrobe_n i_o can_v not_o find_v any_o thing_n more_o precious_a at_o least_o to_o myself_o than_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o conduct_n and_o achievement_n of_o great_a man_n which_o i_o learn_v by_o long_a conversation_n in_o modern_a affair_n and_o a_o continual_a investigation_n of_o old_a after_o long_a and_o diligent_a examination_n have_v reduce_v all_o into_o a_o small_a volume_n i_o do_v presume_v to_o present_v to_o your_o highness_n and_o though_o i_o can_v think_v it_o a_o work_n fit_a to_o appear_v in_o your_o presence_n yet_o my_o confidence_n in_o your_o bounty_n be_v such_o i_o hope_v it_o may_v be_v accept_v consider_v i_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o more_o than_o present_v you_o with_o a_o faculty_n of_o understanding_n in_o a_o short_a time_n what_o for_o several_a year_n with_o infinite_a labour_n and_o hazard_n i_o have_v be_v gather_v together_o nor_o have_v i_o beautify_v or_o adorn_v it_o with_o rhetorical_a ornation_n or_o such_o outward_a embellishment_n as_o be_v usual_a in_o such_o description_n i_o have_v rather_o it_o shall_v pass_v without_o any_o approbation_n than_o owe_v it_o to_o any_o thing_n but_o the_o truth_n and_o gravity_n of_o the_o matter_n i_o will_v not_o have_v it_o impute_v to_o i_o as_o presumption_n if_o a_o inferior_a person_n as_o i_o be_o pretend_v not_o only_o to_o treat_v of_o but_o to_o prescribe_v and_o regulate_v the_o proceed_n of_o prince_n for_o as_o they_o who_o take_v the_o landscape_n of_o a_o country_n to_o consider_v the_o mountain_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o high_a place_n do_v descend_v ordinary_o into_o the_o plain_n and_o dispose_v themselves_o upon_o the_o hill_n to_o take_v the_o prospect_n of_o the_o valley_n in_o like_a manner_n to_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v a_o prince_n and_o to_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o prince_n it_o be_v as_o requisite_a to_o be_v of_o the_o people_n may_v your_o highness_n then_o accept_v this_o book_n with_o as_o much_o kindness_n as_o it_o be_v present_v and_o if_o you_o please_v diligent_o and_o deliberate_o to_o reslect_v upon_o it_o you_o will_v find_v in_o it_o my_o extreme_a desire_n that_o your_o highness_n may_v arrive_v at_o that_o grandeur_n which_o fortune_n and_o your_o accomplishment_n do_v seem_v to_o presage_v from_o which_o pinnacle_n of_o honour_n if_o your_o highness_n vouchsafe_v at_o any_o time_n to_o look_v down_o upon_o thing_n below_o you_o will_v see_v how_o unjust_o and_o how_o continual_o i_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o malignity_n of_o fortune_n machiavel_n prince_n chap._n i._n the_o several_a sort_n of_o government_n and_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o be_v obtain_v there_o never_o be_v nor_o be_v at_o this_o day_n any_o government_n in_o the_o world_n by_o which_o one_o man_n have_v rule_v and_o dominion_n over_o another_o but_o it_o be_v either_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o a_o monarchy_n monarchy_n be_v either_o hereditary_a where_o the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o sovereign_n have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n in_o possession_n or_o where_o they_o be_v but_o new_a the_o new_a be_v either_o so_o whole_o and_o entire_o as_o milan_n be_v to_o francis_n sforza_n or_o annex_v to_o the_o hereditary_a dominion_n of_o the_o conqueror_n as_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o spain_n these_o territory_n thus_o acquire_v be_v accustom_v either_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o some_o prince_n or_o to_o live_v at_o liberty_n and_o free_a and_o be_v subdue_v either_o by_o his_o auxiliaries_n or_o own_o force_n by_o his_o good_a fortune_n or_o conduct_v chap._n ii_o of_o hereditary_a principality_n i_o shall_v omit_v speak_v of_o commonwealth_n as_o have_v discourse_v of_o they_o large_o elsewhere_o and_o write_v in_o this_o place_n only_o of_o principality_n and_o how_o according_a to_o the_o forego_n division_n the_o say_a principality_n may_v be_v govern_v and_o maintain_v i_o do_v affirm_v then_o that_o hereditary_a state_n and_o such_o as_o have_v be_v accustom_v to_o the_o family_n of_o their_o prince_n be_v preserve_v with_o less_o difficulty_n than_o the_o new_a and_o because_o it_o be_v sufficient_a not_o to_o transgress_v the_o example_n of_o their_o predecessor_n and_o next_o to_o comply_v and_o frame_v themselves_o to_o the_o accident_n that_o occur_v so_o that_o if_o the_o prince_n be_v a_o person_n of_o competent_a industry_n he_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o keep_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n unless_o he_o be_v supplant_v by_o some_o great_a and_o more_o than_o ordinary_a force_n and_o even_o then_o when_o so_o supplant_v fortune_n can_v never_o turn_v tail_n or_o be_v adverse_a to_o the_o usurper_n but_o he_o will_v stand_v fair_a to_o be_v restore_v of_o this_o italy_n afford_v we_o a_o example_n in_o the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n who_o support_v brave_o against_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o venetian_n in_o 1484_o and_o afterward_o against_o pope_n julius_n 10_o upon_o no_o other_o foundation_n but_o his_o antiquity_n in_o that_o government_n for_o a_o natural_a prince_n have_v not_o so_o much_o occasion_n or_o necessity_n to_o oppress_v his_o subject_n whereby_o it_o follow_v he_o must_v be_v better_a belove_v and_o retain_v more_o of_o the_o affection_n of_o his_o people_n unless_o some_o extraordinary_a vice_n concur_v to_o make_v he_o odious_a so_o that_o the_o succession_n and_o coherence_n of_o his_o government_n take_v away_o the_o cause_n and_o memory_n of_o innovation_n for_o one_o new_a change_n leave_v always_o as_o in_o building_n a_o tothe_a and_o aptitude_n of_o another_o chap._n iii_o of_o mix_a principality_n but_o the_o
as_o be_v more_o powerful_a and_o to_o have_v a_o particular_a care_n that_o no_o stranger_n enter_v into_o the_o say_a province_n with_o as_o much_o power_n as_o he_o for_o it_o will_v always_o happen_v that_o some_o body_n or_o other_o will_v be_v invite_v by_o the_o malcontent_n either_o out_o of_o ambition_n or_o fear_n this_o be_v visible_a in_o the_o etolian_o who_o bring_v the_o roman_n into_o greece_n who_o be_v never_o admit_v into_o any_o province_n but_o by_o the_o temptation_n of_o the_o native_n the_o common_a method_n in_o such_o case_n be_v this_o as_o soon_o as_o a_o foreign_a potentate_n enter_v into_o a_o province_n those_o who_o be_v weak_a or_o disoblige_v join_v themselves_o with_o he_o out_o of_o emulation_n and_o animosity_n to_o those_o who_o be_v above_o they_o insomuch_o that_o in_o respect_n of_o these_o inferior_a lord_n no_o pain_n be_v to_o be_v omit_v that_o may_v gain_v they_o and_o when_o gain_v they_o will_v ready_o and_o unanimous_o fall_v into_o one_o mass_n with_o the_o state_n that_o be_v conquer_v only_o the_o conqueror_n be_v to_o take_v special_a care_n they_o grow_v not_o too_o strong_a nor_o be_v entrust_v with_o too_o much_o authority_n and_o then_o he_o can_v easy_o with_o his_o own_o force_n and_o their_o assistance_n keep_v down_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o neighbour_n and_o make_v himself_o absolute_a arbiter_n in_o that_o province_n and_o he_o who_o act_v not_o this_o part_n prudent_o shall_v quick_o lose_v what_o he_o have_v get_v and_o even_o while_o he_o enjoy_v it_o be_v obnoxious_a to_o many_o trouble_n and_o inconvenience_n the_o roman_n in_o their_o new_a conquest_n observe_v this_o course_n they_o plant_v their_o colony_n entertain_v the_o inferior_a lord_n into_o their_o protection_n without_o increase_v their_o power_n they_o keep_v under_o such_o as_o be_v more_o potent_a and_o will_v not_o suffer_v any_o foreign_a prince_n to_o have_v interest_n among_o they_o i_o will_v set_v down_o only_a greece_n for_o a_o example_n the_o etolian_o and_o achaian_n be_v protect_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o macedonian_n be_v depress_v and_o antiochus_n drive_v out_o yet_o the_o merit_n and_o fidelity_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o etolian_o can_v never_o procure_v they_o any_o increase_n of_o authority_n nor_o the_o persuasion_n and_o application_n of_o philip_n induce_v the_o roman_n to_o be_v his_o friend_n till_o he_o be_v overcome_v nor_o the_o power_n of_o antiochus_n prevail_v with_o they_o to_o consent_v that_o he_o shall_v retain_v any_o sovereignty_n in_o that_o province_n for_o the_o roman_n act_v in_o that_o case_n as_o all_o wise_a prince_n ought_v to_o do_v who_o be_v to_o have_v a_o eye_n not_o only_o upon_o present_a but_o future_a incommodity_n and_o to_o redress_v they_o with_o all_o possible_a industry_n for_o danger_n that_o be_v see_v afar_o off_o be_v easy_o prevent_v but_o protract_v till_o they_o be_v at_o hand_n the_o remedy_n grow_v unseasonable_a and_o the_o malady_n incurable_a and_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o this_o case_n as_o the_o physician_n say_v of_o a_o hectic_a fever_n that_o at_o first_o it_o be_v easy_o cure_v and_o hard_o to_o be_v know_v but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n no_o be_v observe_v or_o resist_v in_o the_o beginning_n it_o become_v easy_a to_o be_v know_v but_o very_o difficult_a to_o be_v cure_v so_o be_v it_o in_o matter_n of_o state_n thing_n which_o be_v discover_v at_o a_o distance_n which_o be_v do_v only_o by_o prudent_a man_n produce_v little_a mischief_n but_o what_o be_v easy_o avert_v but_o when_o through_o ignorance_n or_o inadvertency_n they_o come_v to_o that_o height_n that_o every_o one_o discern_v they_o there_o be_v no_o room_n for_o any_o remedy_n and_o the_o disease_n be_v incurable_a the_o roman_n therefore_o foresee_v their_o trouble_n afar_o off_o oppose_v themselves_o in_o time_n and_o never_o swallow_v any_o injury_n to_o put_v off_o a_o war_n for_o they_o know_v that_o war_n be_v not_o avoid_v but_o defer_v thereby_o and_o common_o with_o advantage_n to_o the_o enemy_n wherefore_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o philip_n and_o antiochus_n in_o greece_n than_o suffer_v they_o to_o invade_v italy_n and_o yet_o at_o that_o time_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o either_o they_o may_v have_v avoid_v they_o both_o but_o they_o think_v it_o not_o fit_a for_o they_o can_v never_o relish_v the_o say_n that_o be_v so_o frequent_a in_o the_o mouth_n of_o our_o new_a politician_n to_o enjoy_v the_o present_a benefit_n of_o time_n but_o prefer_v the_o exercise_n of_o their_o courage_n and_o wisdom_n for_o time_n carry_v all_o thing_n along_o with_o it_o and_o may_v bring_v good_a as_o well_o as_o evil_a and_o ill_o as_o well_o as_o good_a but_o let_v we_o return_v to_o france_n and_o examine_v if_o what_o be_v there_o do_v be_v conformable_a to_o what_o be_v prescribe_v here_o and_o to_o this_o purpose_n i_o shall_v not_o speak_v of_o charles_n viii_o but_o of_o lewis_n xii_o as_o of_o a_o prince_n who_o conduct_n and_o affair_n by_o reason_n his_o possession_n be_v long_o in_o italy_n be_v more_o conspicuous_a and_o you_o shall_v see_v how_o contrary_a he_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o keep_n of_o so_o different_a a_o state_n this_o lewis_n be_v invite_v into_o italy_n by_o the_o venetian_n who_o have_v a_o ambition_n to_o have_v get_v half_a lombardy_n by_o his_o come_n i_o will_v not_o condemn_v the_o expedition_n nor_o blame_v the_o counsel_n of_o that_o king_n for_o be_v desirous_a of_o foot_n in_o italy_n and_o have_v no_o ally_n leave_v in_o that_o country_n but_o all_o door_n shut_v against_o he_o upon_o the_o ill_a treatment_n which_o his_o predecessor_n charles_n have_v use_v towards_o they_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o take_v his_o friend_n where_o he_o can_v find_v they_o and_o that_o resolution_n will_v have_v be_v lucky_a enough_o have_v he_o not_o miscarry_v in_o his_o other_o administration_n for_o he_o have_v no_o soon_o subdue_v lombardy_n but_o he_o recover_v all_o the_o reputation_n and_o dignity_n that_o be_v lose_v by_o king_n charles_n genoa_n submit_v florence_n court_v his_o friendship_n the_o marquis_n of_o mantova_n the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n bentivoglio_n madam_n de_fw-fr furli_fw-la the_o lord_n of_o faenza_n pesoro_n rimini_n camerino_n piombino_n the_o lucchesi_n pisani_n sanesi_n all_o of_o they_o address_v themselves_o to_o he_o for_o his_o alliance_n and_o amity_n then_o the_o venetian_n begin_v to_o consider_v and_o reflect_v upon_o their_o indiscretion_n who_o to_o gain_v two_o town_n in_o lombardy_n have_v make_v the_o king_n of_o france_n master_n of_o two_o three_o of_o all_o italy_n let_v any_o one_o now_o think_v with_o how_o little_a difficulty_n the_o say_a king_n may_v have_v keep_v up_o his_o reputation_n in_o that_o country_n if_o he_o have_v observe_v the_o rule_n abovesaid_a and_o protect_v his_o friend_n who_o be_v numerous_a and_o yet_o weak_a and_o fearful_a some_o of_o the_o pope_n and_o some_o of_o the_o venetian_n be_v always_o under_o a_o necessity_n of_o stand_v by_o he_o and_o with_o their_o assistance_n he_o may_v easy_o have_v secure_v himself_o against_o any_o competitor_n whatever_o but_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o in_o milan_n but_o he_o begin_v to_o prevaricate_v and_o send_v supply_n to_o pope_n alexander_n to_o put_v he_o in_o possession_n of_o romagna_n not_o consider_v that_o thereby_o he_o weaken_a himself_o and_o disoblige_v his_o friend_n who_o have_v throw_v themselves_o into_o his_o arm_n and_o agrandize_v the_o church_n by_o add_v to_o its_o spiritual_a authority_n which_o be_v so_o formidable_a before_o so_o great_a a_o proportion_n of_o temporal_a and_o have_v commit_v one_o error_n he_o be_v force_v to_o proceed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o ambition_n of_o pope_n alexander_n and_o hinder_v his_o make_a himself_o master_n of_o tuscany_n the_o say_a lewis_n be_v force_v into_o italy_n again_o nor_o be_v it_o enough_o for_o he_o to_o have_v advance_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o church_n and_o desert_v his_o friend_n but_o out_o of_o a_o ardent_a desire_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n he_o share_v it_o with_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n so_o that_o whereas_o before_o he_o be_v sole_a umpire_n in_o italy_n he_o now_o entertain_v a_o partner_n to_o who_o the_o ambitious_a of_o that_o province_n and_o his_o own_o malcontent_n may_v repair_v upon_o occasion_n and_o whereas_o the_o king_n of_o that_o kingdom_n may_v have_v be_v make_v his_o pensioner_n he_o turn_v out_o he_o to_o put_v in_o another_o that_o may_v be_v able_a to_o turn_v out_o himself_o it_o be_v very_o obvious_a and_o no_o more_o than_o natural_a for_o prince_n to_o desire_v to_o extend_v their_o dominion_n and_o when_o they_o attempt_v nothing_o but_o what_o they_o be_v able_a
to_o achieve_v they_o be_v applaud_v at_o least_o not_o upbraid_v thereby_o but_o when_o they_o be_v unable_a to_o compass_v it_o and_o yet_o will_v be_v do_v than_o they_o be_v condemn_v and_o indeed_o not_o unworthy_o if_o france_n then_o with_o its_o own_o force_n alone_o have_v be_v able_a to_o have_v enterprise_v upon_o naples_n it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v do_v but_o if_o her_o own_o private_a strength_n be_v too_o weak_a it_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v be_v divide_v and_o if_o the_o division_n of_o lombardy_n to_o which_o she_o consent_v with_o the_o venetian_a be_v excusable_a it_o be_v because_o do_v to_o get_v foot_v in_o italy_n but_o this_o partition_n of_o naples_n with_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v extreme_o to_o be_v condemn_v because_o not_o press_v or_o quicken_v by_o such_o necessity_n as_o the_o former_a lewis_n therefore_o commit_v five_o fault_n in_o this_o expedition_n he_o ruine_v the_o inferior_a lord_n he_o augment_v the_o dominion_n of_o a_o neighbour_n prince_n he_o call_v in_o a_o foreigner_n as_o puissant_a as_o himself_o he_o neglect_v to_o continue_v there_o in_o person_n and_o plant_v no_o colony_n all_o which_o error_n may_v have_v be_v no_o inconvenience_n while_o he_o have_v live_v have_v he_o not_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o six_o and_o that_o be_v depress_v the_o power_n of_o the_o venetian_a if_o indeed_o he_o have_v not_o side_v with_o the_o church_n nor_o bring_v the_o spaniard_n into_o italy_n it_o have_v be_v but_o reasonable_a for_o he_o to_o have_v take_v down_o the_o pride_n of_o the_o venetian_a but_o pursue_v his_o first_o resolution_n he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v suffer_v they_o to_o be_v ruin_v because_o while_o the_o venetian_a strength_n be_v entire_a they_o will_v have_v keep_v off_o other_o people_n from_o attempt_v upon_o lombardy_n to_o which_o the_o venetian_n will_v never_o have_v consent_v unless_o upon_o condition_n it_o may_v have_v be_v deliver_v to_o they_o and_o the_o other_o will_v not_o in_o probability_n have_v force_v it_o from_o france_n to_o have_v give_v it_o to_o they_o and_o to_o have_v contend_v with_o they_o both_o no_o body_n will_v have_v have_v the_o courage_n if_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o king_n lewis_n give_v up_o romagna_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o evade_v a_o war_n i_o answer_v as_o before_z that_o a_o present_a mischief_n be_v not_o to_o be_v suffer_v to_o prevent_v a_o war_n for_o the_o war_n be_v not_o avert_v but_o protract_v and_o will_v follow_v with_o great_a disadvantage_n if_o the_o king_n faith_n and_o engagement_n to_o the_o pope_n to_o undertake_v this_o enterprise_n for_o he_o be_v object_v and_o that_o he_o do_v it_o to_o recompense_v the_o dissolution_n of_o his_o marriage_n and_o the_o cap_n which_o at_o his_o intercession_n his_o holiness_n have_v confer_v upon_o the_o legate_n of_o amboise_n i_o refer_v they_o for_o a_o answer_n to_o what_o i_o shall_v say_v hereafter_o about_o the_o faith_n of_o a_o prince_n how_o far_o it_o oblige_v so_o then_o king_n lewis_n lose_v lombardy_n because_o he_o do_v not_o observe_v one_o of_o those_o rule_n which_o other_o have_v follow_v with_o success_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o province_n and_o in_o their_o desire_n to_o keep_v they_o nor_o be_v it_o a_o extraordinary_a thing_n but_o what_o happen_v every_o day_n and_o not_o without_o reason_n to_o this_o purpose_n i_o remember_v i_o be_v once_o in_o discourse_n with_o the_o cardinal_n d'_fw-fr amboise_n at_o nantes_n at_o the_o time_n when_o valentino_n for_o so_o caesar_n borgia_n pope_n alezander_n son_n be_v common_o call_v possess_v himself_o of_o romagna_fw-la in_o the_o heat_n of_o our_o conference_n the_o cardinal_n tell_v i_o that_o the_o italian_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o art_n of_o war_n i_o reply_v that_o the_o french_a have_v as_o little_a skill_n in_o matter_n of_o state_n for_o if_o they_o have_v have_v the_o least_o policy_n in_o the_o world_n they_o will_v never_o have_v suffer_v the_o church_n to_o have_v come_v to_o that_o height_n and_o elevation_n and_o it_o have_v be_v find_v since_o by_o experience_n that_o the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o spaniard_n in_o italy_n be_v derive_v from_o france_n and_o that_o they_o in_o requital_n have_v be_v the_o ruin_n and_o expulsion_n of_o the_o french_a from_o hence_o a_o general_a rule_n may_v be_v deduce_v and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o seldom_o or_o never_o be_v subject_a to_o exception_n viz._n that_o whoever_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o another_o advancement_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o own_o diminution_n because_o that_o advancement_n be_v found_v either_o upon_o the_o conduct_n or_o power_n of_o the_o donor_n either_o of_o which_o become_v suspicious_a at_o length_n to_o the_o person_n prefer_v chap._n iu._n why_o the_o kingdom_n of_o darius_n usurp_v by_o alexander_n do_v not_o rebel_v against_o his_o successor_n after_o alexander_n be_v dead_a the_o difficulty_n encounter_v in_o the_o keep_n of_o a_o new_a conquest_n be_v consider_v it_o may_v well_o be_v admire_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o alexander_n the_o great_a have_v in_o a_o few_o year_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o asia_n and_o die_v as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v do_v that_o state_n can_v be_v keep_v from_o rebellion_n yet_o his_o successor_n enjoy_v it_o a_o long_a time_n peaceable_o without_o any_o trouble_n or_o concussion_n but_o what_o spring_v from_o their_o own_o avarice_n and_o ambition_n i_o answer_v that_o all_o monarchy_n of_o which_o we_o have_v any_o record_n be_v govern_v after_o two_o several_a manner_n either_o by_o a_o prince_n and_o his_o servant_n who_o he_o vouchsafe_v out_o of_o his_o mere_a grace_n to_o constitute_v his_o minister_n and_o admit_v of_o their_o assistance_n in_o the_o government_n of_o his_o kingdom_n or_o else_o by_o a_o prince_n and_o his_o baron_n who_o be_v person_n advance_v to_o that_o quality_n not_o by_o favour_n or_o concession_n of_o the_o prince_n but_o by_o the_o ancientness_n and_o nobility_n of_o their_o extraction_n these_o baron_n have_v their_o proper_a jurisdiction_n and_o subject_n who_o own_o their_o authority_n and_o pay_v they_o a_o natural_a respect_n those_o state_n which_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o servant_n have_v their_o prince_n more_o arbitrary_a and_o absolute_a because_o his_o supremacy_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o every_o body_n and_o if_o another_o be_v obey_v it_o be_v only_o as_o his_o minister_n and_o substitute_n without_o any_o affection_n to_o the_o man._n example_n of_o these_o different_a government_n we_o may_v find_v in_o our_o time_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o grand_a signore_v and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n the_o whole_a turkish_a monarchy_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o single_a person_n the_o rest_n be_v but_o his_o servant_n and_o slave_n for_o distinguish_v his_o whole_a monarchy_n into_o province_n and_o government_n which_o they_o call_v sangiacchi_n he_o send_v when_o and_o what_o officer_n he_o think_v fit_a and_o change_v they_o as_o he_o please_v but_o the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v establish_v in_o the_o middle_n as_o it_o be_v of_o several_a great_a lord_n who_o sovereignty_n have_v be_v own_v and_o family_n belove_v a_o long_a time_n by_o their_o subject_n they_o keep_v their_o pre-eminence_n nor_o be_v it_o in_o the_o king_n power_n to_o deprive_v they_o without_o inevitable_a danger_n to_o himself_o he_o therefore_o who_o consider_v the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o will_v find_v the_o turkish_a empire_n hard_a to_o be_v subdue_v but_o when_o once_o conquer_v more_o easy_a to_o be_v keep_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o difficulty_n be_v because_o the_o usurper_n can_v be_v call_v in_o by_o the_o grandee_n of_o the_o empire_n nor_o hope_v any_o assistance_n from_o the_o great_a officer_n to_o facilitate_v his_o enterprise_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a for_o be_v all_o slave_n and_o under_o obligation_n they_o be_v not_o easy_o corrupt_v and_o if_o they_o can_v little_a good_a be_v to_o be_v expect_v from_o they_o be_v unable_a for_o the_o aforesaid_a reason_n to_o bring_v they_o any_o party_n so_o that_o whoever_o invade_v the_o turk_n must_v expect_v to_o â—ind_v he_o entire_a and_o unite_a and_o be_v to_o depend_v more_o upon_o his_o own_o proper_a force_n than_o any_o disorder_n among_o they_o but_o have_v once_o conquer_v they_o and_o beat_v their_o army_n beyond_o the_o possibility_n of_o a_o recruit_v the_o danger_n be_v at_o a_o end_n for_o there_o be_v no_o body_n remain_v to_o be_v afraid_a of_o but_o the_o family_n of_o the_o emperor_n which_o be_v once_o extinguish_v no_o body_n else_o have_v any_o interest_n with_o the_o people_n and_o they_o be_v as_o little_a to_o be_v apprehend_v after_o the_o victory_n as_o they_o be_v to_o be_v
a_o power_n may_v grow_v odious_a to_o the_o people_n he_o erect_v a_o court_n of_o judicature_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o province_n in_o which_o every_o city_n have_v its_o advocate_n and_o a_o excellent_a person_n be_v appoint_v to_o preside_v and_o because_o he_o discover_v that_o his_o pass_a â—verity_n have_v create_v he_o many_o enemy_n to_o remove_v that_o ill_a opinion_n and_o recover_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o show_v that_o if_o any_o cruelty_n have_v be_v exercise_v it_o proceed_v not_o from_o he_o but_o from_o the_o arrogance_n of_o his_o minister_n and_o for_o their_o further_a confirmation_n he_o cause_v the_o say_a governor_n to_o be_v apprehend_v and_o his_o head_n chop_v off_o one_o morning_n in_o the_o market_n place_n at_o cesena_n with_o a_o wooden_a dagger_n on_o one_o side_n of_o he_o and_o a_o bloody_a knife_n on_o the_o other_o the_o ferocity_n of_o which_o spectacle_n not_o only_o appease_v but_o amaze_v the_o people_n for_o a_o while_n but_o reassume_v our_o discourse_n i_o say_v the_o duke_n find_v himself_o powerful_a enough_o and_o secure_a against_o present_a danger_n be_v himself_o as_o strong_a as_o he_o desire_v and_o his_o neighbour_n in_o a_o manner_n reduce_v to_o a_o incapacity_n of_o hurt_v he_o be_v willing_a to_o go_v on_o with_o his_o conquest_n there_o remain_v nothing_o but_o a_o jealousy_n of_o france_n and_o not_o without_o cause_n for_o he_o know_v that_o king_n have_v find_v his_o error_n at_o last_o and_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o obstruct_v he_o hereupon_o he_o begin_v to_o look_v abroad_o for_o new_a ally_n and_o to_o haesitate_n and_o stagger_v towards_o france_n as_o appear_v when_o the_o french_a army_n advance_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n against_o the_o spaniard_n who_o have_v besiege_v cajeta_fw-la his_o great_a design_n be_v to_o secure_v himself_o against_o the_o french_a and_o he_o have_v doubtless_o do_v it_o if_o alexander_n have_v live_v these_o be_v his_o provision_n against_o the_o danger_n that_o be_v imminent_a but_o those_o that_o be_v remote_a be_v more_o doubtful_a and_o uncertain_a the_o first_o thing_n he_o fear_v be_v lest_o the_o next_o pope_n shall_v be_v his_o enemy_n &_o reassume_v all_o that_o alexander_n have_v give_v he_o to_o prevent_v which_o he_o propose_v four_o several_a way_n the_o first_o be_v by_o destroy_v the_o whole_a line_n of_o those_o lord_n who_o he_o have_v dispossess_v that_o his_o holiness_n may_v have_v no_o occasion_n to_o restore_v they_o the_o second_o be_v to_o cajole_v the_o nobility_n in_o rome_n and_o draw_v they_o over_o to_o his_o party_n that_o thereby_o he_o may_v put_v a_o awe_n and_o restraint_n upon_o the_o pope_n the_o three_o be_v if_o possible_a to_o make_v the_o college_n his_o friend_n the_o four_o be_v to_o make_v himself_o so_o strong_a before_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o stand_v upon_o his_o own_o leg_n and_o repel_v the_o first_o 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qualify_v like_o we_o in_o italy_n and_o find_v that_o he_o can_v neither_o continue_v not_o discharge_v they_o secure_o he_o order_v thing_n so_o that_o they_o be_v all_o cut_n to_o piece_n and_o then_o prosecute_v the_o war_n with_o his_o own_o force_n alone_o without_o any_o foreign_a assistance_n to_o this_o purpose_n the_o old_a testament_n afford_v we_o a_o figure_n not_o altogether_o improper_a when_o david_n present_v himself_o to_o saul_n and_o offer_v his_o service_n against_o goliath_n the_o champion_n of_o the_o philistius_n saul_n to_o encourage_v he_o accoutre_v he_o in_o his_o own_o arm_n but_o david_n have_v try_v they_o on_o excuse_v himself_o pretend_v they_o be_v unfit_a and_o that_o with_o they_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o manage_v himself_o wherefore_o he_o desire_v he_o may_v go_v forth_o against_o the_o enemy_n with_o his_o own_o arm_n only_o which_o be_v his_o sling_n and_o his_o sword_n the_o sum_n of_o all_o be_v the_o arm_n of_o other_o people_n be_v 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patrimony_n but_o advance_v man_n of_o private_a condition_n to_o that_o honourable_a degree_n on_o the_o otherside_n it_o be_v frequent_o see_v when_o prince_n have_v addict_v themselves_o more_o to_o delicacy_n and_o softness_n than_o to_o arm_n they_o have_v lose_v all_o and_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o state_n for_o the_o principal_a thing_n which_o deprive_v or_o gain_v a_o man_n authority_n be_v the_o neglect_n or_o profession_n of_o that_o art_n francisco_n sforza_n by_o his_o experience_n in_o war_n of_o a_o private_a person_n make_v himself_o duke_n of_o milan_n and_o his_o child_n seek_v to_o avoid_v the_o fatigue_n and_o incommodity_n thereof_o of_o duke_n become_v private_a man_n for_o among_o other_o evil_n and_o inconvenience_n which_o attend_v when_o you_o be_v ignorant_a in_o war_n it_o make_v you_o contemptible_a which_o be_v a_o scandal_n a_o prince_n ought_v with_o all_o diligence_n to_o avoid_v for_o reason_n i_o shall_v name_v hereafter_o beside_o betwixt_o 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do_v two_o way_n by_o the_o application_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o mind_n as_o to_o his_o bodily_a application_n or_o matter_n of_o action_n beside_o that_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v his_o army_n in_o good_a discipline_n and_o exercise_n he_o ought_v to_o inure_v himself_o to_o sport_n and_o by_o hunt_v and_o hawk_v and_o such_o like_a recreation_n accustom_v his_o body_n to_o hardship_n and_o hunger_n and_o thirst_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n inform_v himself_o of_o the_o coast_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n the_o bigness_n and_o elevation_n of_o the_o mountain_n the_o largeness_n and_o avenue_n of_o the_o valley_n the_o extent_n of_o the_o plain_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o river_n and_o fen_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v with_o great_a curiosity_n and_o this_o knowledge_n be_v useful_a two_o way_n for_o hereby_o he_o not_o only_o learn_v to_o know_v his_o own_o country_n and_o to_o provide_v better_o for_o its_o defence_n but_o it_o prepare_v and_o adapt_n he_o by_o observe_v their_o situation_n to_o comprehend_v the_o situation_n of_o other_o country_n which_o will_v perhaps_o be_v necessary_a for_o he_o to_o discover_v for_o the_o hill_n the_o vale_n the_o plain_n the_o river_n and_o the_o marsh_n for_o example_n in_o tuscany_n have_v a_o certain_a similitude_n and_o resemblance_n with_o those_o in_o other_o province_n so_o that_o by_o the_o knowledge_n of_o one_o we_o may_v easy_o imagine_v the_o rest_n and_o that_o prince_n who_o be_v defective_a in_o this_o want_v the_o most_o necessary_a qualification_n of_o a_o general_n for_o by_o know_v the_o country_n he_o know_v how_o to_o beat_v up_o his_o enemy_n take_v up_o his_o quarter_n march_v his_o army_n draw_v up_o his_o man_n and_o besiege_v a_o town_n with_o advantage_n in_o the_o character_n which_o historian_n give_v of_o philopomenes_n prince_n of_o achaia_n one_o of_o his_o
gain_v such_o person_n as_o be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o former_a government_n and_o by_o consequence_n his_o enemy_n than_o those_o who_o be_v disoblige_v side_v with_o he_o and_o assist_v to_o subvert_v it_o it_o have_v be_v a_o custom_n among_o prince_n for_o the_o great_a security_n of_o their_o territory_n to_o build_v citadel_n and_o fortress_n to_o bridle_v and_o restrain_v such_o as_o will_v enterprise_v against_o they_o and_o to_o serve_v as_o a_o refuge_n in_o time_n of_o rebellion_n and_o i_o approve_v the_o way_n because_o ancient_o practise_v yet_o no_o long_o ago_o than_o in_o our_o day_n mr._n nicolo_n vitelli_n be_v know_v to_o dismantle_v two_o fort_n in_o the_o city_n of_o castello_n to_o secure_v his_o government_n guidobaldo_n duke_n of_o urbino_n return_v to_o his_o state_n from_o whence_o caesar_n borgia_n have_v drive_v he_o demolish_v all_o the_o strong_a place_n in_o that_o province_n and_o thereby_o think_v it_o more_o unlikely_a again_o to_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o bentivogli_n be_v return_v to_o bologna_n use_v the_o same_o course_n so_o that_o fortress_n be_v useful_a or_o not_o useful_a according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o time_n and_o if_o in_o one_o place_n they_o do_v good_a they_o do_v as_o much_o mischief_n in_o another_o and_o the_o case_n may_v be_v argue_v thus_o that_o prince_n who_o be_v more_o afraid_a of_o his_o subject_n than_o neighbour_n be_v to_o suffer_v they_o to_o stand_v the_o family_n of_o the_o sforza_n have_v and_o will_v suffer_v more_o mischief_n by_o the_o castle_n of_o milan_n which_o w_v build_v by_o francisco_n sforza_n than_o by_o all_o its_o other_o trouble_n whatever_o so_o that_o the_o best_a fortification_n of_o all_o be_v not_o to_o be_v hate_v by_o the_o people_n for_o your_o fortress_n will_v not_o protect_v you_o if_o the_o people_n have_v you_o in_o detestation_n because_o they_o shall_v no_o soon_o take_v arm_n but_o stranger_n will_v fall_v in_o and_o sustain_v 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he_o that_o build_v those_o fortress_n and_o of_o he_o that_o neglect_v they_o but_o must_v needs_o condemn_v he_o who_o rely_v so_o much_o upon_o they_o as_o to_o despise_v the_o displeasure_n of_o the_o people_n chap._n xxi_o how_o a_o prince_n be_v to_o demean_v himself_o to_o gain_v reputation_n nothing_o recommend_v a_o prince_n so_o high_o to_o the_o world_n as_o great_a erterprise_n and_o noble_a expression_n of_o his_o own_o valour_n and_o conduct_n we_o have_v in_o our_o day_n ferdinand_n king_n of_o arragon_n the_o present_a king_n of_o spain_n who_o may_v and_o not_o improper_o be_v call_v a_o new_a prince_n be_v of_o a_o small_a and_o weak_a king_n become_v for_o fame_n and_o renown_v the_o great_a monarch_n in_o christendom_n and_o if_o his_o exploit_n be_v consider_v you_o will_v find_v they_o all_o brave_a but_o some_o of_o they_o extraordinary_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o invade_v the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n and_o that_o enterprise_n be_v the_o 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cloak_n of_o religion_n he_o invade_v africa_n make_v his_o expedition_n into_o italy_n assault_v france_n and_o begin_v many_o great_a thing_n which_o always_o keep_v the_o mind_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o admiration_n and_o suspense_n expect_v what_o the_o event_n of_o his_o machination_n will_v be_v and_o these_o his_o erterprise_n have_v so_o sudden_a a_o spring_n and_o result_v one_o from_o the_o other_o that_o they_o give_v no_o leisure_n to_o any_o man_n to_o be_v at_o quiet_a or_o to_o continue_v any_o thing_n against_o he_o it_o be_v likewise_o of_o great_a advantage_n to_o a_o prince_n to_o give_v some_o rare_a example_n of_o his_o own_o administration_n at_o home_n such_o be_v report_v of_o messer_n bernardo_n da_fw-mi milano_n when_o there_o be_v occasion_n for_o some_o body_n to_o perform_v any_o thing_n extraordinary_a in_o the_o civil_a government_n whether_o it_o be_v good_a or_o bad_a and_o to_o find_v out_o such_o a_o way_n either_o to_o reward_v or_o punish_v he_o as_o may_v make_v he_o much_o talk_v of_o in_o the_o world_n above_o all_o a_o prince_n be_v to_o have_v a_o care_n in_o all_o his_o action_n to_o behave_v himself_o so_o as_o may_v give_v he_o the_o reputation_n of_o be_v excellent_a as_o well_o as_o great_a a_o prince_n be_v likewise_o much_o esteem_v when_o he_o show_v himself_o a_o sincere_a friend_n or_o a_o generous_a enemy_n that_o be_v when_o without_o any_o hesitation_n he_o declare_v himself_o in_o favour_n of_o one_o against_o another_o which_o as_o it_o be_v more_o frank_a and_o princely_a so_o it_o be_v more_o profitable_a than_o to_o stand_v neuter_n for_o if_o two_o of_o your_o potent_a neighbour_n be_v at_o war_n they_o be_v either_o of_o such_o condition_n that_o you_o be_v to_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o victor_n or_o not_o in_o either_o which_o case_n it_o will_v be_v always_o more_o for_o your_o benefit_n to_o discover_v yourself_o free_o and_o make_v a_o fair_a war_n for_o in_o the_o first_o cause_n if_o you_o do_v not_o declare_v you_o shall_v be_v a_o prey_n to_o he_o who_o overcome_v and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o pleasure_n and_o satisfaction_n to_o he_o that_o be_v conquer_v to_o see_v you_o his_o fellow-sufferer_n nor_o will_v any_o body_n either_o defend_v or_o receive_v you_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o conqueror_n will_v never_o understand_v they_o to_o be_v his_o friend_n who_o will_v not_o assist_v he_o in_o his_o distress_n and_o he_o that_o be_v worsted_n will_v not_o receive_v you_o because_o you_o neglect_v to_o run_v his_o fortune_n with_o your_o arm_n in_o your_o hand_n antiochus_n upon_o the_o invitation_n of_o the_o etolian_o pass_v into_o greece_n to_o repel_v the_o roman_n antiochus_n send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o achaian_n who_o be_v in_o amity_n with_o the_o roman_n to_o pursue_v they_o a_o neutrality_n and_o the_o roman_n send_v to_o they_o to_o associate_v with_o they_o the_o business_n come_v to_o be_v debatedin_fw-mi the_o council_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o antiochus_n his_o ambassador_n press_v they_o to_o be_v neuter_n the_o roman_a ambassador_n reply_v as_o to_o what_o he_o have_v remonstrate_v that_o it_o be_v most_o useful_a and_o most_o consistent_a with_o the_o interest_n of_o your_o state_n not_o to_o engage_v yourselves_o in_o our_o war_n their_o be_v nothing_o more_o contrary_a and_o pernicious_a for_o if_o you_o do_v not_o concern_v yourselves_o you_o will_v assure_o become_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o conqueror_n without_o any_o thanks_o or_o reputation_n and_o it_o will_v always_o be_v that_o he_o who_o have_v least_o kindness_n for_o you_o will_v tempt_v you_o to_o be_v neuter_n but_o they_o that_o be_v your_o friend_n will_v invite_v you_o to_o take_v up_o arms._n and_o those_o prince_n who_o be_v ill_o advise_v to_o avoid_v some_o present_a danger_n follow_v the_o neutral_a way_n be_v most_o common_o ruin_v
action_n but_o that_o she_o leave_v the_o other_o half_n or_o little_o less_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o ourselves_o fortune_n i_o do_v resemble_v to_o a_o rapid_a and_o impetuous_a river_n which_o when_o swell_v and_o enrage_v overwhelm_v the_o plain_n subvert_v the_o tâ—ees_n and_o the_o house_n force_n away_o the_o earth_n from_o one_o place_n and_o carry_v it_o to_o another_o every_o body_n fear_n every_o body_n shun_v but_o no_o body_n know_v how_o to_o resist_v it_o yet_o though_o it_o be_v thus_o furious_a sometime_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v but_o when_o it_o be_v quiet_a and_o calm_a man_n may_v by_o bank_n and_o fence_n and_o other_o provision_n correct_v it_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o when_o it_o swell_v again_o it_o may_v be_v carry_v off_o by_o some_o canal_n or_o the_o violence_n thereof_o render_v less_o licentious_a and_o destructive_a so_o it_o be_v with_o fortune_n which_o show_v her_o power_n where_o there_o be_v no_o predisposed_a virtue_n to_o resist_v it_o and_o turn_v all_o her_o force_n and_o impetuosity_n where_o she_o know_v there_o be_v no_o bank_n no_o fence_n to_o restrain_v she_o if_o you_o consider_v italy_n the_o seat_n of_o all_o these_o revolution_n and_o what_o it_o be_v that_o cause_v they_o you_o will_v find_v it_o a_o open_a field_n without_o any_o bound_n or_o rampart_n of_o secure_a it_o and_o that_o have_v it_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o courage_n of_o their_o ancestor_n as_o germany_n and_o spain_n and_o france_n have_v be_v those_o inundation_n have_v never_o happen_v or_o never_o make_v such_o devastation_n as_o they_o have_v do_v and_o this_o i_o hold_v sufficient_a to_o have_v speak_v in_o general_a against_o fortune_n but_o restrain_v myself_o a_o little_a more_o to_o particular_n i_o say_v it_o be_v ordinary_a to_o see_v a_o prince_n happy_a one_o day_n and_o ruin_v the_o next_o without_o discern_v any_o difference_n in_o his_o humour_n or_o government_n and_o this_o i_o impute_v to_o the_o reason_n of_o which_o i_o have_v discourse_v large_o before_o and_o one_o of_o they_o be_v because_o that_o prince_n which_o rely_v whole_o upon_o fortune_n be_v subject_a to_o her_o variation_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v ruin_v i_o believe_v again_o that_o prince_n may_v be_v happy_a who_o manner_n of_o proceed_v concert_n with_o the_o time_n and_o he_o unhappy_a who_o can_v accommodate_v to_o they_o for_o in_o thing_n lead_v to_o the_o end_n of_o their_o design_n which_o every_o man_n have_v in_o his_o eye_n and_o they_o be_v riches_n and_o honour_n we_o see_v man_n have_v various_a method_n of_o proceed_v some_o with_o circumspection_n other_o with_o heat_n some_o with_o violence_n other_o with_o cunning_a some_o with_o patience_n and_o other_o with_o fury_n and_o every_o one_o notwithstanding_o the_o diversity_n of_o their_o way_n may_v possible_o attain_v they_o again_o we_o see_v two_o person_n equal_o cautious_a one_o of_o they_o prosper_v and_o the_o other_o miscarry_v and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n two_o equal_o happy_a by_o different_a measure_n one_o be_v deliberate_a and_o the_o other_o as_o hasty_a and_o this_o proceed_v from_o nothing_o but_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o time_n which_o suit_n or_o do_v not_o suit_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o proceed_n from_o hence_o arise_v what_o i_o have_v say_v that_o two_o person_n by_o different_a operation_n do_v attain_v the_o same_o end_n while_o two_o other_o steer_v the_o same_o course_n and_o one_o of_o they_o succeed_v and_o the_o other_o be_v ruin_v from_o hence_o likewise_o may_v be_v deduce_v the_o vicissitude_n of_o good_a for_o if_o to_o one_o who_o manage_n with_o deliberation_n and_o patience_n the_o time_n and_o conjuncture_n of_o affair_n come_v about_o so_o favourable_o that_o his_o conduct_n be_v in_o fashion_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v happy_a but_o if_o the_o face_n of_o affair_n and_o the_o time_n change_v and_o he_o change_v not_o with_o they_o he_o be_v certain_o ruin_v nor_o be_v there_o any_o man_n to_o be_v find_v so_o wise_a that_o know_v how_o to_o accommodate_v or_o frame_v himself_o to_o all_o these_o variety_n both_o because_o he_o can_v deviate_v from_o that_o to_o which_o nature_n have_v incline_v he_o as_o likewise_o because_o if_o a_o man_n have_v constant_o prosper_v in_o one_o way_n it_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n to_o persuade_v he_o to_o another_o and_o he_o that_o be_v so_o cautious_a be_v at_o a_o loss_n when_o time_n require_v he_o shall_v be_v vigorous_a must_v of_o necessity_n be_v destroy_v whereas_o if_o he_o can_v turn_v with_o the_o time_n his_o fortune_n will_v never_o betray_v he_o pope_n julius_n xi_o in_o all_o his_o erterprise_n act_v with_o passion_n and_o vehemence_n and_o the_o time_n and_o accident_n of_o affair_n be_v so_o suitable_a to_o his_o manner_n of_o proceed_v that_o he_o prosper_v in_o whatever_o he_o undertake_v consider_v his_o expedition_n of_o bolonia_n in_o the_o day_n of_o messer_n giovanni_n benâ—ivogli_n the_o venetians_n be_v against_o it_o and_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o france_n be_v in_o treaty_n and_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o it_o themselves_o yet_o he_o with_o his_o promptitude_n and_o fury_n undertake_v it_o personal_o himself_o and_o that_o activity_n of_o he_o keep_v both_o spaniard_n and_o venetian_a in_o suspense_n the_o venetian_n for_o fear_n the_o spaniard_n in_o hope_n to_o recover_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n come_v over_o to_o his_o side_n for_o see_v he_o in_o motion_n and_o desirous_a to_o make_v he_o his_o friend_n and_o thereby_o to_o correct_v the_o insolence_n of_o the_o venetian_a he_o think_v he_o can_v not_o deny_v he_o his_o assistance_n without_o manifest_a injustice_n so_o that_o julius_n with_o his_o rashness_n and_o huff_a do_v that_o which_o never_o any_o other_o pope_n can_v have_v do_v with_o all_o his_o cunning_a and_o insinuation_n for_o have_v he_o defer_v his_o departure_n from_o rome_n till_o all_o thing_n have_v be_v put_v into_o exact_a order_n and_o his_o whole_a progress_n conclude_v as_o any_o other_o pope_n will_v have_v do_v he_o can_v never_o have_v succeed_v the_o king_n of_o france_n will_v have_v pretend_v a_o thousand_o excuse_n and_o other_o will_v have_v suggest_v twice_o as_o many_o fear_n i_o will_v pass_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o erterprise_n which_o be_v all_o alike_o and_o prosper_v as_o well_o and_o the_o shortness_n of_o his_o life_n secure_v he_o against_o change_n for_o have_v the_o time_n fall_v out_o so_o that_o he_o have_v be_v force_v to_o proceed_v with_o accurate_a circumspection_n he_o will_v have_v certain_o be_v ruin_v for_o he_o can_v never_o have_v leave_v those_o way_n to_o which_o his_o nature_n incline_v he_o i_o conclude_v then_o that_o while_o the_o obstinacy_n of_o prince_n consist_v with_o the_o motion_n of_o fortune_n it_o be_v possible_a they_o may_v be_v happy_a but_o when_o once_o they_o disagree_v the_o poor_a prince_n come_v certain_o to_o the_o ground_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n likewise_o that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v hot_a and_o precipitate_a then_o cautious_a and_o apprehensive_a for_o fortune_n be_v a_o woman_n and_o must_v be_v hector_v to_o keep_v she_o under_o and_o it_o be_v visible_a every_o day_n she_o suffer_v herself_o to_o be_v manage_v by_o those_o who_o be_v brisk_a and_o audacious_a rather_o than_o by_o those_o who_o be_v cold_a and_o phlegmatic_a in_o their_o motion_n and_o therefore_o like_o a_o woman_n she_o be_v always_o a_o friend_n to_o those_o who_o be_v young_a because_o be_v less_o circumspect_a they_o attack_v she_o with_o more_o security_n and_o boldness_n chap._n xxvi_o a_o exhortation_n to_o deliver_v italy_n from_o the_o barbarian_n have_v weigh_v therefore_o all_o that_o be_v say_v before_o and_o consider_v serious_o with_o myself_o whether_o in_o this_o juncture_n of_o affair_n in_o italy_n the_o time_n be_v dispose_v for_o the_o advancement_n of_o a_o new_a prince_n and_o whether_o there_o be_v competent_a matter_n that_o can_v give_v occasion_n to_o a_o virtuous_a and_o wise_a person_n to_o introduce_v such_o a_o form_n as_o will_v bring_v reputation_n to_o he_o and_o benefit_n to_o all_o his_o subject_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o at_o this_o present_a so_o many_o thing_n concur_v to_o the_o exaltation_n of_o a_o new_a prince_n that_o i_o do_v not_o know_v any_o time_n that_o have_v be_v more_o proper_a than_o this_o and_o if_o as_o i_o say_v before_o for_o the_o manifestation_n of_o the_o courage_n of_o moses_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o israelite_n shall_v be_v captive_n in_o egypt_n for_o discovery_n of_o the_o magnanimity_n of_o cyrus_n that_o the_o persian_n shall_v be_v oppress_v by_o the_o mede_n and_o for_o the_o illustration_n of_o the_o excellence_n of_o theseus_n that_o the_o athenian_n shall_v be_v banish_v and_o disperse_v
and_o fia_fw-mi il_fw-fr combatter_n corto_fw-la vhe_fw-it l'_fw-it antico_fw-la valour_n ne_n '_o gl'_fw-it italici_n cur_n '_o non_fw-fr e_o anchor_n morto_fw-la virtue_n shall_v arm_v against_o rage_n and_o in_o short_a sight_n prove_v the_o roman_a valour_n be_v not_o extinguish_v quite_o the_o original_a of_o the_o word_n guelf_n and_o ghibilin_n so_o much_o mention_v in_o history_n these_o two_o faction_n so_o famous_a in_o history_n be_v eminent_a in_o italy_n two_o age_n before_o castruccio_n be_v bear_v machiavelli_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o war_n of_o that_o country_n affirm_v that_o pistoia_n be_v the_o first_o place_n where_o those_o name_n of_o distinction_n be_v use_v but_o the_o account_n wherewith_o the_o public_a library_n supply_v i_o run_v thus_o these_o two_o word_n guelf_n and_o ghibilin_n deduce_v their_o original_n from_o a_o schism_n which_o molest_v the_o church_n in_o the_o year_n 1130._o by_o the_o competition_n of_o two_o pope_n innocent_a 11._o 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they_o their_o friend_n confirm_v the_o ill_a opinion_n which_o they_o have_v of_o their_o adversary_n before_o several_a example_n may_v be_v produce_v to_o this_o purpose_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o instance_n in_o one_o the_o florentine_a army_n be_v encamp_v before_o lucca_n under_o the_o command_n of_o giovanni_n guiccardini_fw-la their_o commissary_n by_o his_o ill_a fortune_n or_o conduct_v the_o town_n be_v not_o take_v which_o of_o the_o two_o soever_o it_o be_v giovanni_n be_v asperse_v as_o have_v be_v bribe_v by_o the_o luccheses_n which_o calumny_n be_v propagate_v by_o his_o enemy_n nettle_v giovanni_n and_o almost_o bring_v he_o to_o despair_v and_o though_o in_o order_n to_o his_o justification_n he_o offer_v to_o put_v himself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o captain_n yet_o all_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n for_o in_o that_o commonwealth_n there_o be_v no_o body_n qualify_v to_o clear_v he_o from_o hence_o arise_v great_a contention_n betwixt_o guiccardin_n friend_n who_o be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o grandee_n in_o that_o city_n and_o those_o who_o study_v novelty_n which_o contention_n and_o other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n increase_a daily_o upon_o their_o hand_n bring_v that_o poor_a commonwealth_n into_o a_o most_o deplorable_a condition_n manlius_n therefore_o spread_v these_o false_a report_n of_o the_o senator_n about_o rome_n be_v a_o calumniator_n not_o a_o accuser_n and_o the_o roman_n in_o his_o case_n give_v manifest_a instruction_n how_o such_o people_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v that_o be_v that_o they_o be_v oblige_v public_o to_o accuse_v and_o when_o their_o charge_n be_v make_v good_a that_o they_o be_v reward_v or_o encourage_v but_o when_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v that_o they_o be_v punish_v like_o manlius_n chap._n ix_o how_o much_o a_o single_a person_n be_v necessary_a for_o the_o establishment_n of_o a_o new_a commonwealth_n or_o the_o reformation_n of_o a_o old_a it_o may_v seem_v to_o some_o that_o i_o have_v run_v too_o 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that_o murder_n be_v commit_v this_o be_v to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o maxim_n and_o general_a rule_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o government_n either_o to_o be_v well_o found_v at_o first_o or_o will_v reform_v afterward_o unless_o by_o a_o single_a person_n by_o who_o direction_n all_o order_n all_o law_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o promulge_v he_o therefore_o who_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n if_o he_o be_v a_o honest_a man_n and_o aim_v not_o at_o his_o own_o interest_n and_o the_o raise_n of_o his_o family_n more_o than_o the_o advancement_n of_o his_o country_n must_v endeavour_v to_o get_v the_o power_n into_o his_o single_a hand_n nor_o will_v any_o wise_a man_n ever_o accuse_v he_o for_o any_o action_n extraordinary_a that_o he_o shall_v do_v in_o order_n thereunto_o or_o if_o the_o fact_n be_v to_o be_v blame_v the_o effect_n will_v excuse_v it_o especial_o if_o be_v good_a as_o it_o be_v in_o romulus_n his_o case_n for_o it_o be_v destructive_a and_o pernicious_a violence_n that_o be_v to_o be_v reprehend_v not_o that_o which_o tend_v to_o settlement_n and_o reformation_n he_o be_v also_o to_o be_v so_o prudent_a and_o virtuous_a as_o not_o to_o leave_v the_o authority_n which_o he_o assume_v in_o inheritance_n to_o another_o because_o man_n be_v more_o prone_a to_o evil_n than_o good_a his_o success_n or_o may_v employ_v that_o power_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o state_n which_o he_o in_o his_o wisdom_n make_v use_n of_o to_o its_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n moreover_o though_o one_o be_v fit_a to_o make_v law_n yet_o when_o once_o make_v they_o can_v hold_v long_o if_o leave_v upon_o the_o shoulder_n of_o a_o single_a person_n but_o when_o the_o care_n and_o execution_n of_o they_o be_v transfer_v upon_o many_o and_o many_o be_v concern_v to_o maintain_v they_o it_o be_v much_o better_o for_o though_o many_o be_v not_o so_o proper_a in_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o government_n because_o their_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n keep_v they_o from_o discern_v what_o be_v absolute_o for_o its_o good_a yet_o when_o thing_n be_v once_o settle_v and_o they_o have_v find_v it_o that_o very_a diversity_n will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o preserve_v it_o and_o that_o romulus_n be_v excusable_a for_o what_o he_o do_v to_o his_o brother_n and_o companion_n and_o that_o what_o he_o do_v be_v more_o for_o the_o common_a good_a than_o his_o own_o private_a ambition_n or_o revenge_n appear_v by_o this_o that_o he_o have_v no_o soon_o make_v they_o away_o but_o he_o constitute_v a_o senate_n by_o who_o advice_n he_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n reserve_v to_o himself_o only_o the_o power_n of_o call_v they_o together_o and_o command_v the_o army_n when_o they_o shall_v resolve_v of_o a_o war_n and_o of_o this_o we_o can_v have_v better_a evidence_n than_o that_o which_o follow_v after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o tarquin_n there_o be_v nothing_o innovate_v or_o alter_v by_o the_o roman_n only_o in_o stead_n of_o 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power_n and_o empire_n impute_v it_o in_o part_n to_o their_o deviation_n from_o the_o law_n of_o lycurgus_n desire_v very_o earnest_o to_o reduce_v they_o again_o but_o before_o he_o can_v bring_v it_o to_o perfection_n he_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o spartan_a ephori_fw-la as_o one_o who_o design_v to_o make_v himself_o absolute_a but_o cleomenes_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o government_n have_v the_o same_o inclination_n and_o perceive_v by_o some_o record_n and_o write_n which_o agis_n have_v leave_v behind_o what_o be_v his_o intention_n he_o find_v that_o he_o can_v not_o do_v his_o country_n that_o service_n any_o way_n but_o by_o make_v himself_o absolute_a for_o by_o the_o ambition_n of_o some_o person_n he_o find_v that_o he_o can_v not_o do_v the_o good_a which_o he_o design_v to_o the_o generality_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o malevolence_n of_o a_o few_o wherefore_o he_o cause_v the_o ephori_fw-la and_o whoever_o else_o he_o think_v likely_a to_o obstruct_v he_o to_o be_v kill_v 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ultio_fw-la in_o quaestu_fw-la habetur_fw-la it_o be_v more_o natural_a to_o return_v a_o injury_n than_o a_o courtesy_n because_o courtesy_n be_v burdensome_a but_o revenge_n be_v sweet_a but_o if_o this_o ingratitude_n either_o in_o prince_n or_o people_n proceed_v not_o so_o much_o from_o avarice_n as_o suspicion_n in_o that_o case_n it_o be_v somewhat_o excusable_a and_o of_o that_o kind_n we_o read_v of_o good_a store_n as_o when_o a_o general_n have_v conquer_v a_o province_n or_o empire_n for_o his_o master_n when_o he_o have_v exterminate_v his_o enemy_n enrich_v his_o army_n and_o gain_v himself_o a_o great_a name_n it_o be_v impossible_a but_o he_o must_v be_v so_o acceptable_a to_o his_o own_o soldier_n and_o so_o dreadful_a to_o his_o enemy_n as_o must_v beget_v a_o jealousy_n in_o the_o prince_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n be_v jealous_a and_o ambitious_a and_o not_o to_o be_v confine_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o his_o fortune_n it_o can_v be_v but_o if_o the_o prince_n have_v take_v a_o fancy_n that_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o general_n be_v a_o diminution_n to_o he_o the_o general_n must_v by_o some_o vainglorious_a or_o discontent_a action_n establish_v and_o confirm_v it_o and_o than_o what_o have_v the_o prince_n to_o do_v but_o to_o secure_v himself_o either_o by_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v murder_v by_o take_v away_o his_o command_n lessen_v his_o reputation_n with_o the_o soldier_n and_o people_n and_o by_o all_o way_n of_o industry_n possess_v they_o that_o the_o victory_n be_v not_o obtain_v by_o any_o conduct_n of_o he_o but_o by_o the_o kindness_n of_o fortune_n vileness_n of_o the_o enemy_n or_o prudence_n and_o good_a management_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o officer_n after_o vespasian_n be_v in_o judea_n be_v declare_v emperor_n by_o his_o army_n antonius_n primus_fw-la be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o illyria_n with_o another_o army_n declare_v for_o the_o emperor_n and_o march_v into_o italy_n against_o vitellius_n who_o be_v then_o paramount_n in_o rome_n and_o have_v beat_v he_o in_o two_o pitch_a battle_n he_o enter_v the_o city_n in_o the_o name_n of_o vespasian_n so_o that_o mutianus_n be_v send_v against_o vitellius_n by_o vespasian_n he_o find_v the_o enemy_n break_v the_o town_n take_v and_o all_o thing_n do_v by_o antonius_n to_o his_o hand_n and_o how_o be_v he_o requite_v why_o mutianus_n take_v away_o his_o commission_n remove_v he_o from_o the_o army_n and_o by_o degree_n so_o lessen_v his_o authority_n in_o rome_n that_o antonius_n go_v into_o asia_n to_o make_v his_o complaint_n to_o vespasian_n be_v receive_v so_o cold_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o be_v strip_v of_o all_o kind_n of_o authority_n and_o die_v very_o miserable_a and_o of_o this_o nature_n example_n be_v very_o frequent_a in_o history_n every_o body_n know_v how_o in_o our_o time_n gonsalvo_n ferrante_n be_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n general_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n against_o the_o french_a behave_v himself_o so_o well_o that_o by_o his_o singular_a conduct_n he_o conquer_v it_o and_o put_v it_o whole_o under_o the_o obedience_n of_o his_o master_n who_o come_v afterward_o to_o naples_n himself_o take_v from_o he_o the_o command_n of_o his_o army_n dispossess_v he_o of_o many_o strong_a place_n which_o he_o hold_v in_o that_o country_n and_o carry_v he_o with_o he_o into_o spain_n where_o not_o long_o after_o he_o die_v in_o obscurity_n but_o there_o be_v no_o remedy_n these_o kind_n of_o jealousy_n be_v so_o natural_a to_o prince_n that_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a for_o they_o to_o be_v grateful_a to_o any_o man_n who_o have_v perform_v any_o great_a thing_n for_o they_o and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o with_o king_n no_o wonder_n if_o it_o be_v so_o with_o the_o people_n for_o in_o a_o free_a state_n they_o have_v always_o two_o principal_a end_n one_o be_v to_o enlarge_v their_o dominion_n the_o other_o to_o keep_v what_o they_o have_v get_v and_o their_o eagerness_n to_o both_o these_o make_v they_o so_o often_o guilty_a of_o ingratitude_n as_o to_o the_o first_o point_n we_o shall_v speak_v elsewhere_o the_o error_n in_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n to_o disgust_v such_o person_n as_o aught_o to_o be_v reward_v and_o to_o suspect_v such_o as_o ought_v to_o be_v trust_v and_o though_o such_o practice_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a mischief_n in_o a_o corrupt_a commonwealth_n and_o tyranny_n do_v many_o time_n ensue_v as_o in_o rome_n by_o caesar_n who_o take_v that_o by_o force_n which_o the_o ingratitude_n of_o the_o people_n deny_v to_o his_o merit_n yet_o in_o a_o town_n that_o be_v entire_a and_o incorrupt_a they_o do_v very_o well_o and_o add_v much_o to_o the_o duration_n of_o their_o liberty_n to_o enforce_v great_a and_o ambitious_a man_n for_o fear_n of_o punishment_n to_o comport_v themselves_o better_a in_o my_o judgement_n of_o all_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o ever_o have_v empire_n rome_n be_v the_o least_o ingratful_a for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a there_o be_v never_o a_o example_n of_o its_o ingratitude_n but_o in_o the_o case_n of_o scipio_n for_o coriolanus_n and_o camillus_n be_v banish_v for_o their_o injury_n to_o the_o people_n and_o though_o one_o of_o they_o remain_v obstinate_a be_v never_o recall_v yet_o the_o other_o be_v not_o only_o recall_v but_o so_o restore_v to_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n that_o all_o his_o life_n after_o they_o adore_v he_o as_o a_o prince_n but_o their_o jealousy_n of_o scipio_n be_v of_o such_o a_o sort_n as_o have_v never_o be_v know_v before_o proceed_v from_o the_o ornament_n of_o his_o body_n and_o the_o endowment_n of_o his_o mind_n his_o youth_n his_o wisdom_n his_o excellent_a qualification_n have_v render_v he_o too_o admirable_a the_o powerfulness_n of_o his_o enemy_n the_o danger_n and_o tediousness_n of_o the_o war_n which_o he_o have_v conclude_v in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n his_o deliberation_n in_o resolve_v and_o his_o quickness_n in_o execution_n have_v gain_v he_o a_o great_a reputation_n than_o be_v ever_o get_v by_o any_o general_n before_o he_o insomuch_o as_o the_o senator_n praetor_n and_o all_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n in_o the_o city_n begin_v to_o fear_v and_o respect_v he_o this_o be_v no_o please_a sight_n to_o the_o grave_a sort_n because_o it_o have_v not_o be_v former_o the_o custom_n in_o rome_n whereupon_o cato_n a_o man_n of_o great_a esteem_n for_o his_o piety_n and_o justice_n take_v up_o the_o cudgel_n against_o he_o and_o complain_v public_o that_o the_o city_n can_v not_o be_v call_v free_a while_o the_o magistrate_n be_v in_o awe_n of_o any_o particular_a citizen_n if_o then_o in_o a_o thing_n so_o near_o import_v their_o liberty_n the_o people_n follow_v the_o opinion_n of_o cato_n in_o my_o judgement_n they_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n to_o be_v excuse_v in_o short_a my_o opinion_n be_v as_o i_o say_v before_o that_o it_o be_v avarice_n and_o suspicion_n which_o make_v man_n ingrateful_a to_o the_o first_o of_o which_o the_o people_n be_v not_o natural_o addict_v and_o to_o the_o last_o with_o much_o less_o propensity_n than_o prince_n as_o have_v less_o occasion_n which_o shall_v be_v prove_v hereafter_o chap._n xxx_o what_o rule_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o a_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n to_o avoid_v this_o vice_n of_o ingratitude_n and_o how_o a_o general_n or_o great_a citizen_n be_v to_o demean_v himself_o to_o elude_v it_o to_o avoid_v the_o necessity_n of_o live_v always_o in_o suspicion_n and_o be_v ingrateful_a to_o his_o minister_n a_o prince_n ought_v to_o go_v personal_o with_o his_o army_n as_o be_v do_v at_o first_o by_o the_o emperor_n of_o rome_n as_o the_o great_a turk_n do_v now_o and_o as_o all_o they_o do_v and_o have_v do_v that_o be_v valiant_a and_o courageous_a for_o in_o so_o do_v the_o honour_n and_o profit_n of_o their_o victory_n accrue_v to_o themselves_o but_o where_o they_o be_v not_o present_a at_o their_o conquest_n themselves_o the_o honour_n redound_v upon_o their_o officer_n and_o they_o have_v not_o any_o complete_a enjoyment_n of_o their_o success_n till_o they_o have_v eclipse_v if_o not_o extinguish_v that_o glory_n in_o other_o people_n which_o they_o dare_v not_o venture_v for_o themselves_o so_o that_o their_o ingratitude_n and_o injustice_n to_o their_o officer_n do_v they_o more_o mischief_n than_o their_o conquest_n do_v they_o good_a but_o when_o out_o of_o negligence_n or_o imprudence_n they_o lie_v at_o home_n idle_a themselves_o and_o send_v their_o general_n in_o their_o stead_n know_v no_o better_a precept_n to_o give_v they_o than_o what_o they_o know_v already_o themselves_o as_o to_o the_o general_n if_o he_o find_v that_o jealousy_n inevitable_a he_o have_v his_o choice_n of_o two_o thing_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o war_n be_v end_v he_o be_v voluntary_o to_o lay_v
report_v all_o over_o tuscany_n that_o there_o be_v arm_v man_n see_v fight_v in_o the_o air_n over_o the_o town_n of_o arezzo_n and_o that_o the_o clash_n of_o their_o arm_n in_o the_o conflict_n be_v hear_v by_o the_o people_n it_o be_v general_o know_v in_o florence_n that_o before_o the_o death_n of_o the_o old_a laurence_n de_fw-fr medici_n the_o duomo_n or_o chief_a church_n in_o that_o city_n be_v strike_v with_o lightning_n and_o the_o people_n destroy_v and_o before_o piero_n sodermi_n who_o be_v make_v gonfaloniere_n for_o his_o life_n by_o the_o people_n be_v banish_v and_o degrade_v the_o palace_n be_v burn_v by_o lightning_n likewise_o many_o other_o instance_n may_v be_v produce_v which_o i_o omit_v for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v one_o which_o be_v mention_v by_o livy_n before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o french_a to_o rome_n marcus_n ceditius_n a_o plebeian_n acquaint_v the_o senate_n that_o pass_v one_o night_n about_o twelve_o a_o clock_n through_o the_o via-nova_a he_o hear_v a_o voice_n big_a than_o a_o man_n which_o advise_v he_o to_o let_v the_o senate_n know_v the_o french_a be_v upon_o their_o march_n to_o rome_n how_o these_o thing_n can_v be_v it_o be_v to_o be_v discourse_v by_o person_n well_o verse_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o natural_a and_o supernatural_a event_n for_o my_o part_n i_o will_v not_o pretend_v to_o understand_v they_o unless_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o philosopher_n we_o may_v believe_v that_o the_o air_n be_v full_a of_o intelligence_n and_o spirit_n who_o foresee_v future_a event_n and_o commiserate_v the_o condition_n of_o mankind_n give_v they_o warning_n by_o these_o kind_n of_o intimation_n that_o they_o may_v the_o more_o timely_o provide_v and_o defend_v themselves_o against_o their_o calamity_n but_o whatever_o be_v the_o cause_n experience_n assure_v we_o that_o after_o such_o denuntiation_n some_o extraordinary_a thing_n or_o other_o do_v constant_o happen_v chap._n lvii_o the_o multitude_n unite_v be_v formidable_a and_o strong_a but_o separate_v be_v weak_a and_o inconsiderable_a the_o roman_n be_v overthrow_v and_o their_o country_n much_o waste_v upon_o the_o come_n of_o the_o french_a many_o of_o they_o contrary_a to_o a_o express_a order_n and_o edict_n of_o the_o senate_n transplant_v to_o veii_n and_o leave_v rome_n whereupon_o by_o a_o new_a proclamation_n the_o senate_n command_v that_o by_o a_o precise_a day_n and_o upon_o a_o certain_a penalty_n they_o shall_v return_v to_o their_o old_a habitation_n when_o the_o news_n of_o this_o proclamation_n be_v first_o bring_v to_o veii_n it_o be_v despise_v and_o laugh_v at_o by_o every_o body_n but_o when_o the_o day_n appoint_v for_o their_o return_n arrive_v there_o be_v not_o a_o man_n but_o pack_v up_o his_o good_n and_o come_v back_o as_o be_v require_v and_o as_o livy_n say_v in_o the_o case_n exit_fw-la ferocibus_fw-la universis_fw-la singuli_fw-la metu_fw-la svo_fw-la obedientes_fw-la not_o one_o of_o they_o who_o be_v so_o contumacious_a together_o but_o apart_o begin_v to_o fear_v and_o that_o fear_v make_v he_o obedient_a and_o certain_o nothing_o can_v give_v we_o a_o more_o lively_a description_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o multitude_n than_o this_o case_n they_o be_v bold_a and_o will_v speak_v liberal_o against_o the_o decree_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o afterward_o when_o they_o see_v their_o punishment_n before_o their_o face_n every_o one_o grow_v fearful_a of_o his_o neighbour_n slip_v his_o neck_n out_o of_o the_o collar_n and_o return_n to_o his_o obedience_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o much_o to_o be_v consider_v what_o the_o people_n say_v either_o of_o their_o prince_n good_a management_n or_o bad_a so_o they_o be_v strong_a enough_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o their_o good_a humour_n when_o they_o be_v well_o dispose_v and_o provide_v which_o they_o be_v ill_a that_o they_o do_v they_o no_o hurt_n but_o this_o ill_a disposition_n of_o the_o people_n i_o mean_v all_o ill_a disposition_n but_o what_o arise_v either_o from_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o liberty_n or_o the_o loss_n of_o some_o excellent_a prince_n still_o live_v upon_o who_o they_o have_v settle_v their_o affection_n for_o the_o evil_a disposition_n proceed_v from_o these_o cause_n be_v transcendent_o dreadful_a and_o strong_a remedy_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o restrain_v they_o in_o other_o case_n their_o anger_n be_v nothing_o especial_o have_v no_o body_n to_o head_n they_o for_o as_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o terrible_a as_o their_o fury_n in_o one_o case_n so_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o vain_a and_o inconsiderable_a in_o the_o other_o because_o though_o they_o have_v betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o arm_n they_o be_v easy_o reduce_v if_o you_o can_v but_o avoid_v the_o first_o heat_n of_o their_o fury_n for_o by_o degree_n they_o will_v cool_v and_o every_o man_n consider_v it_o be_v his_o duty_n to_o return_v will_v begin_v to_o suspect_v himself_o and_o think_v of_o his_o security_n either_o by_o make_v his_o peace_n or_o escape_v whenever_o therefore_o the_o multitude_n be_v in_o a_o mutiny_n their_o best_a way_n be_v immediate_o to_o choose_v themselves_o a_o head_n who_o may_v correct_v keep_v they_o unite_v and_o contrive_v for_o their_o defence_n as_o the_o roman_n do_v when_o leave_v rome_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o virginia_n for_o their_o protection_n and_o security_n they_o create_v twenty_o tribune_n from_o among_o themselves_o and_o if_o this_o course_n be_v neglect_v it_o happen_v to_o they_o as_o livy_n presage_v in_o the_o forego_n sentence_n that_o as_o nothing_o be_v more_o courageous_a than_o the_o multitude_n unite_v so_o nothing_o be_v more_o abject_a when_o they_o be_v separate_v and_o divide_v chap._n lviii_o that_o the_o multitude_n be_v wise_a and_o more_o constant_a than_o a_o prince_n that_o nothing_o be_v more_o vain_a and_o inconstant_a than_o the_o multitude_n titus_n livius_n and_o all_o other_o historian_n do_v agree_v you_o shall_v many_o time_n find_v they_o condemn_v a_o man_n to_o death_n and_o lament_v he_o when_o he_o be_v dead_a and_o wish_v for_o he_o again_o this_o happen_v in_o the_o case_n of_o manlius_n capitolinus_n who_o be_v suspect_v to_o design_n against_o their_o liberty_n be_v by_o the_o people_n throw_v headlong_o down_o the_o rock_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n exceed_o regret_v the_o word_n of_o our_o author_n be_v these_o populum_fw-la brevi_fw-la posteaquam_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la periculum_fw-la nullum_fw-la erat_fw-la desiderium_fw-la ejus_fw-la tenuit_fw-la when_o their_o fear_n of_o he_o be_v over_o their_o affection_n revive_v and_o in_o another_o place_n where_o he_o show_v the_o accident_n which_o happen_v in_o syracuse_n after_o the_o death_n of_o girolamo_n nephew_n to_o hierone_n he_o say_v haec_fw-la natura_fw-la multitudinis_fw-la est_fw-la aut_fw-la humiliter_fw-la seruit_fw-la aut_fw-la superb_fw-la dominatur_fw-la the_o nature_n of_o the_o multitude_n be_v to_o be_v servil_o obedient_a or_o insolent_o tyrannical_a thing_n be_v thus_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o i_o shall_v not_o seem_v too_o bold_a to_o undertake_v the_o defence_n of_o a_o thing_n which_o all_o the_o world_n oppose_v and_o run_v myself_o upon_o a_o necessity_n of_o either_o quit_v it_o with_o disgrace_n or_o pursue_v it_o with_o scandal_n yet_o methinks_v be_v to_o maintain_v it_o with_o argument_n not_o force_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o criminal_a i_o say_v then_o in_o behalf_n of_o the_o multitude_n that_o what_o they_o be_v charge_v withal_o by_o most_o author_n may_v be_v charge_v upon_o all_o private_a person_n in_o the_o world_n and_o especial_o upon_o prince_n for_o whoever_o live_v irregular_o and_o be_v not_o restrain_v by_o the_o law_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o exorbitancy_n and_o will_v commit_v as_o bad_a fault_n as_o the_o most_o dissolute_a multitude_n in_o the_o world_n and_o this_o may_v be_v easy_o know_v if_o it_o be_v consider_v how_o many_o prince_n there_o have_v be_v and_o how_o few_o of_o they_o good_a i_o mean_v of_o such_o prince_n as_o have_v despise_v and_o break_v through_o those_o law_n which_o be_v intend_v to_o restrain_v they_o the_o king_n in_o egypt_n be_v not_o ancient_o of_o this_o sort_n for_o they_o be_v govern_v by_o law_n in_o those_o province_n from_o the_o very_a beginning_n and_o the_o king_n of_o sparta_n be_v the_o same_o nor_o need_v we_o look_v back_o so_o far_o for_o example_n we_o have_v the_o king_n of_o france_n in_o our_o own_o day_n who_o kingdom_n in_o my_o judgement_n be_v at_o this_o time_n the_o most_o regular_a and_o best_a govern_v in_o the_o world_n those_o prince_n therefore_o who_o be_v bear_v under_o such_o law_n and_o constitution_n and_o oblige_v to_o live_v by_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v or_o compare_v with_o the_o dissolute_a and_o mutinous_a multitude_n but_o they_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v with_o a_o multitude_n
they_o keep_v themselves_o upon_o the_o defensive_a part_n and_o expect_v their_o enemy_n at_o home_n be_v always_o victorious_a but_o when_o they_o begin_v to_o make_v war_n at_o a_o distance_n and_o send_v army_n into_o sicily_n they_o lose_v their_o liberty_n and_o everything_o else_o they_o produce_v also_o the_o fable_n of_o antius_n king_n of_o lybia_n who_o be_v invade_v by_o hercules_n the_o egyptian_a be_v invincible_a whilst_o he_o keep_v himself_o within_o his_o own_o border_n but_o be_v inveigle_v out_o by_o the_o subtlety_n of_o his_o enemy_n he_o lose_v both_o his_o kingdom_n and_o life_n upon_o which_o occasion_n that_o story_n be_v raise_v of_o antius_n that_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o earth_n as_o they_o pretend_v so_o oft_o as_o he_o touch_v it_o so_o oft_o he_o receive_v new_a vigour_n from_o his_o mother_n which_o hercules_n perceive_v get_v he_o up_o in_o his_o arm_n crush_v he_o to_o death_n they_o produce_v likewise_o more_o modern_a example_n every_o body_n know_v that_o ferrand_n king_n of_o naples_n be_v esteem_v a_o wise_a prince_n in_o his_o time_n and_o hear_v two_o year_n before_o his_o death_n that_o king_n charles_n viij_o of_o france_n be_v prepare_v to_o invade_v he_o he_o let_v he_o alone_o but_o fall_v sick_a afterward_o as_o he_o lie_v upon_o his_o deathbed_n he_o call_v his_o son_n alphonso_n to_o he_o and_o among_o other_o thing_n charge_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v expect_v the_o king_n of_o france_n upon_o his_o frontier_n and_o fight_v he_o there_o but_o that_o by_o no_o mean_n he_o shall_v be_v tempt_v beyond_o they_o and_o it_o have_v be_v better_a for_o alphonso_n to_o have_v follow_v his_o counsel_n for_o neglect_v it_o afterward_o and_o send_v a_o army_n into_o romagna_n he_o lose_v both_o army_n and_o kingdom_n without_o strike_v a_o blow_n but_o beside_o these_o argument_n on_o both_o side_n it_o be_v urge_v in_o behalf_n of_o the_o aggressor_n that_o he_o invade_v with_o more_o confidence_n and_o courage_n than_o his_o 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but_o if_o as_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v notice_n of_o the_o design_n
contrary_n receive_v money_n from_o it_o it_o be_v as_o infallible_a a_o sign_n of_o its_o weakness_n if_o one_o read_v the_o roman_a history_n he_o shall_v find_v the_o massilian_n the_o edui_n the_o rhodian_n hiero_n of_o syracuse_n and_o massiâ—issa_n as_o they_o be_v neighbour_n so_o they_o be_v tributary_n to_o the_o roman_n contribute_v to_o their_o expense_n and_o tax_n as_o there_o be_v occasion_n without_o expectation_n of_o any_o other_o recompense_n but_o protection_n where_o a_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n be_v weak_a it_o be_v otherwise_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o our_o own_o city_n of_o florence_n which_o in_o former_a time_n when_o it_o be_v in_o its_o great_a reputation_n pay_v annual_a stipend_n to_o most_o of_o the_o little_a government_n in_o romania_n beside_o what_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o perugian_o castellan_n and_o all_o their_o other_o neighbour_n whereas_o have_v it_o be_v strong_a and_o well_o arm_v it_o will_v have_v be_v quite_o otherwise_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n will_v have_v give_v florence_n money_n for_o her_o protection_n nor_o be_v the_o florentine_n singular_a in_o this_o case_n the_o venetian_n do_v the_o same_o and_o so_o do_v the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o notwithstanding_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o kingdom_n be_v tributary_n to_o the_o swisser_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n which_o proceed_v from_o his_o have_v disarm_v the_o people_n and_o prefer_v a_o present_a opportunity_n of_o squeeze_v they_o and_o avoid_v a_o imaginary_a danger_n before_o the_o do_v those_o thing_n that_o may_v have_v secure_v his_o state_n and_o make_v it_o happy_a for_o ever_o which_o practice_n though_o for_o some_o time_n it_o may_v produce_v quiet_a and_o repose_v yet_o the_o end_n be_v trouble_n and_o loss_n and_o ruin_n without_o remedy_n it_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a to_o recount_v how_o often_o the_o florentine_n the_o venetian_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n have_v buy_v off_o their_o war_n and_o submit_v to_o such_o dishonourable_a term_n as_o the_o roman_n can_v never_o be_v bring_v to_o but_o once_o it_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a to_o recount_v how_o many_o town_n the_o florentine_n and_o the_o venetian_n have_v bring_v with_o their_o money_n which_o have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a disorder_n afterward_o and_o prove_v that_o what_o be_v get_v by_o gold_n be_v not_o to_o be_v keep_v with_o iron_n this_o point_n of_o generosity_n and_o this_o manner_n of_o live_v the_o roman_n observe_v very_o punctual_o whilst_o they_o be_v free_a but_o after_o they_o fall_v under_o the_o government_n of_o emperor_n and_o those_o emperor_n grow_v bad_a they_o begin_v to_o degenerate_v too_o and_o prefer_v the_o shadow_n before_o the_o sun_n they_o begin_v to_o be_v pensionary_n first_o to_o the_o parthian_n then_o to_o the_o german_n and_o by_o degree_n to_o all_o their_o neighbour_n which_o be_v the_o first_o step_n to_o the_o ruin_n of_o that_o great_a empire_n and_o â—ll_o these_o inconvenience_n proceed_v from_o the_o disarm_v of_o the_o people_n and_o neglect_v to_o train_v they_o up_o to_o military_a discipline_n from_o whence_o a_o great_a mischief_n do_v arise_v and_o that_o be_v that_o the_o near_a the_o enemy_n approach_v the_o weak_a and_o more_o unable_a he_o find_v you_o and_o therefore_o not_o be_v strong_a enough_o of_o yourself_o to_o repel_v the_o enemy_n from_o your_o border_n you_o be_v force_v to_o pay_v tribute_n to_o your_o neighbour_n to_o undertake_v it_o for_o you_o which_o be_v to_o be_v raise_v and_o extort_a from_o your_o subject_n render_v they_o more_o feeble_a and_o impotent_a by_o which_o mean_v it_o happen_v sometime_o that_o those_o state_n which_o be_v in_o this_o condition_n may_v perhaps_o make_v some_o little_a resistance_n upon_o the_o frontier_n but_o if_o the_o enemy_n pass_v that_o all_o be_v go_v without_o remedy_n but_o all_o this_o be_v disorderly_a and_o unnatural_a for_o as_o nature_n in_o all_o animal_n have_v fortify_v the_o vital_a and_o principal_a and_o not_o extreme_a part_n of_o the_o body_n because_o the_o body_n can_v subsist_v without_o the_o one_o but_o not_o without_o the_o other_o so_o it_o be_v in_o all_o government_n the_o heart_n and_o centre_n be_v to_o be_v fortify_v rather_o than_o the_o frontier_n but_o this_o be_v very_o ill_o observe_v by_o the_o florentine_n for_o whenever_o a_o enemy_n have_v pass_v our_o border_n and_o take_v his_o way_n towards_o the_o city_n there_o be_v no_o body_n in_o a_o condition_n to_o oppose_v he_o it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o venetian_n not_o many_o year_n since_o and_o have_v not_o their_o city_n be_v as_o it_o be_v swaddle_v with_o the_o sea_n it_o have_v be_v certain_o destroy_v this_o indeed_o have_v not_o be_v see_v so_o frequent_o in_o france_n because_o it_o be_v so_o great_a a_o kingdom_n and_o too_o strong_a for_o most_o of_o its_o neighbour_n nevertheless_o when_o in_o the_o year_n 1513_o they_o be_v invade_v by_o the_o english_a the_o whole_a kingdom_n tremble_v and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n himself_o and_o many_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o if_o he_o lose_v one_o battle_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v go_v with_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v quite_o contrary_a the_o near_a the_o enemy_n approach_v the_o city_n the_o strong_a he_o find_v it_o this_o be_v evident_a in_o hanibal_n invasion_n though_o he_o have_v force_v his_o way_n into_o italy_n fight_v three_o great_a battle_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o beat_v they_o in_o every_o one_o though_o they_o have_v lose_v so_o many_o brave_a soldier_n and_o officer_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o only_o able_a to_o continue_v the_o war_n but_o to_o conquer_v they_o atla_v and_o all_o by_o fortify_v the_o heart_n and_o centre_n of_o their_o country_n and_o leave_v the_o extremity_n to_o shift_v for_o themselves_o for_o the_o vital_n and_o fundamental_o of_o their_o state_n be_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o country_n of_o the_o latin_n the_o neighbour_a city_n that_o be_v in_o league_n and_o their_o colony_n from_o whence_o they_o draw_v so_o many_o soldier_n as_o be_v able_a to_o fight_v and_o entertain_v the_o whole_a world_n and_o this_o hanno_n the_o carthaginian_a understand_v very_o well_o for_o when_o after_o the_o battle_n at_o cannae_n hannibal_n send_v mago_n to_o carthage_n to_o give_v they_o a_o account_n of_o the_o particular_n of_o the_o victory_n mago_n have_v exceed_o magnify_v the_o exploit_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o debase_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o roman_n hanno_n interrupt_v he_o and_o inquire_v whether_o any_o of_o the_o roman_a city_n or_o any_o of_o their_o confederate_n have_v revolt_v whether_o any_o of_o their_o senator_n be_v come_v in_o to_o hannibal_n or_o whether_o they_o have_v send_v any_o ambassador_n to_o he_o to_o treat_v and_o when_o mago_n deny_v that_o any_o thing_n of_o all_o this_o have_v pass_v hanno_n reply_v hostium_fw-la ergo_fw-la multum_fw-la superest_fw-la &_o bellum_fw-la tam_fw-la integrum_fw-la habemus_fw-la atque_fw-la habuimus_fw-la qua_fw-la die_v annibal_n italian_n est_fw-la ingressus_fw-la there_o be_v work_n enough_o behind_o and_o the_o war_n be_v as_o entire_a as_o when_o hannibal_n pass_v first_o into_o italy_n it_o be_v apparent_a therefore_o both_o by_o what_o be_v say_v in_o this_o chapter_n and_o what_o have_v be_v say_v often_o before_o that_o there_o be_v great_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o present_a and_o ancient_a method_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o if_o we_o serious_o consider_v it_o we_o shall_v not_o wonder_v that_o so_o many_o town_n be_v take_v and_o lose_v and_o so_o many_o government_n subvert_v as_o we_o have_v see_v in_o our_o day_n for_o where_o discipline_n be_v neglect_v and_o military_a virtue_n lay_v aside_o all_o thing_n be_v commit_v whole_o to_o fortune_n which_o be_v various_a and_o unconstant_a produce_v various_a mutation_n and_o this_o vicissitude_n and_o unconstancy_n of_o affair_n will_v continue_v till_o some_o excellent_a person_n arise_v to_o restore_v the_o ancient_a discipline_n and_o restrain_v fortune_n from_o give_v such_o evidence_n of_o her_o power_n every_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n chap._n xxxi_o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o believe_v exile_n too_o far_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o in_o this_o place_n to_o show_v how_o much_o it_o import_v all_o person_n not_o to_o give_v too_o much_o credit_n to_o those_o who_o be_v banish_v for_o many_o time_n they_o be_v but_o the_o practice_n and_o stratagem_n of_o prince_n and_o state_n we_o have_v a_o memorable_a example_n of_o their_o inconstancy_n in_o livy_n though_o something_o improper_a when_o alexander_n the_o great_a pass_v into_o asia_n with_o his_o army_n alexander_n of_o epirus_n his_o kinsman_n and_o uncle_n pass_v with_o another_o into_o italy_n invite_v by_o the_o exile_v of_o lucca_n who_o put_v he_o in_o hope_n that_o by_o their_o mean_n he_o shall_v be_v master_n of_o that_o whole_a
ought_v rather_o to_o have_v have_v a_o care_n that_o the_o end_n of_o his_o intention_n may_v have_v appear_v for_o the_o good_a and_o benefit_n of_o his_o country_n and_o not_o out_o of_o any_o particular_a ambition_n and_o to_o have_v provide_v that_o whoever_o succeed_v he_o afterward_o in_o his_o dignity_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o employ_v that_o authority_n to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o state_n which_o he_o be_v force_v to_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o preserve_v it_o but_o the_o good_a man_n be_v mistake_v in_o his_o first_o opinion_n as_o not_o understand_v that_o the_o malice_n of_o mankind_n be_v not_o to_o be_v extinguish_v with_o time_n nor_o appease_v with_o present_n for_o can_v he_o have_v imitate_v the_o severity_n of_o brutus_n he_o have_v preserve_v his_o own_o dignity_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o state_n but_o as_o it_o be_v a_o difficult_a thing_n to_o preserve_v the_o liberty_n of_o a_o state_n so_o it_o be_v no_o less_o difficult_a to_o preserve_v the_o authority_n of_o a_o king_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n iu._n a_o prince_n be_v never_o safe_a in_o his_o new_a conquest_n whilst_o they_o be_v in_o be_v who_o he_o dispossess_v the_o death_n of_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n by_o the_o son_n of_o ancus_n and_o the_o death_n of_o servins_n tullius_n by_o tarqvinius_n superbus_n show_v how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o dispossess_v any_o man_n of_o a_o kingdom_n and_o suffer_v he_o to_o live_v though_o you_o endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a to_o care_n he_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n think_v his_o title_n unquestionable_a be_v make_v king_n by_o the_o people_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o senate_n nor_o can_v it_o enter_v into_o his_o thought_n that_o the_o malice_n and_o indignation_n of_o the_o son_n of_o ancus_n shall_v be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o submit_v to_o that_o wherewith_o the_o whole_a city_n of_o rome_n be_v content_v servius_n tullius_n be_v mistake_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n in_o think_v with_o new_a favour_n and_o obligation_n to_o have_v pacify_v the_o son_n of_o tarquin_n so_o that_o from_o the_o first_o example_n a_o prince_n may_v take_v warning_n and_o not_o delude_v himself_o with_o a_o opinion_n he_o be_v safe_a whilst_o any_o of_o they_o be_v live_v who_o he_o dispossess_v and_o from_o the_o second_o he_o may_v inform_v himself_o that_o old_a injury_n be_v never_o cancel_v by_o new_a favour_n especial_o if_o the_o favour_n be_v not_o equivalent_a to_o the_o injury_n and_o without_o doubt_n servius_n tullius_n be_v ill_o advise_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o son_n of_o tarquin_n will_v be_v content_a to_o be_v his_o sons-in-law_n when_o it_o be_v their_o due_n to_o be_v his_o king_n and_o this_o ambition_n and_o impatience_n to_o govern_v be_v so_o great_a and_o insatiable_a in_o mankind_n that_o it_o not_o only_o affect_v those_o person_n who_o have_v some_o right_a and_o expectation_n to_o govern_v but_o those_o likewise_o who_o in_o reason_n can_v have_v no_o such_o expectance_n as_o in_o the_o example_n of_o tullia_n the_o daughter_n of_o servius_n but_o marry_v to_o one_o of_o the_o tarquin_n which_o tullia_n be_v so_o inflame_v with_o a_o desire_n of_o govern_v that_o not_o content_v with_o be_v a_o king_n daughter_n transport_v with_o rage_n contrary_a to_o all_o silial_a duty_n and_o affection_n she_o incite_v her_o husband_n against_o her_o father_n and_o force_v he_o into_o a_o conspiracy_n not_o only_o against_o his_o kingdom_n but_o life_n whereas_o if_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n and_o servius_n tullius_n have_v know_v how_o to_o have_v secure_v themselves_o against_o those_o they_o have_v supplant_v they_o have_v neither_o lose_v their_o kingdom_n nor_o life_n but_o tarqvinius_n superbus_n be_v expel_v for_o not_o observe_v the_o law_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n his_o predecessor_n as_o shall_v appear_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n v._n how_o a_o king_n may_v lose_v his_o kingdom_n though_o he_o come_v to_o it_o by_o inheritance_n tarquinius_n superbus_n seem_v to_o have_v secure_a possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o servius_n tullius_n who_o die_v without_o heir_n leave_v he_o nothing_o of_o that_o trouble_n and_o vexation_n which_o his_o predecessor_n encounter_v for_o although_o the_o way_n by_o which_o he_o come_v to_o the_o government_n be_v irregular_a and_o abominable_a nevertheless_o have_v he_o follow_v the_o step_n of_o his_o predecessor_n and_o observe_v their_o old_a rule_n he_o will_v not_o have_v run_v himself_o so_o fatal_o in_o to_o the_o displeasure_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n nor_o have_v provoke_v they_o to_o have_v be_v so_o diligent_a in_o his_o expulsion_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v believe_v that_o his_o son_n sextus_n his_o deflower_v of_o lucretia_n be_v the_o chief_a cause_n that_o he_o lose_v his_o kingdom_n but_o his_o infraction_n of_o the_o law_n his_o tyranny_n his_o usurpation_n upon_o the_o senate_n and_o his_o engross_n all_o authority_n to_o himself_o for_o he_o have_v bring_v thing_n to_o that_o pass_n that_o those_o affair_n which_o be_v former_o debate_v public_o by_o the_o senate_n and_o according_a to_o their_o sentiment_n and_o order_n be_v put_v in_o execution_n be_v now_o transact_v and_o determine_v private_o in_o his_o own_o palace_n with_o great_a dissatisfaction_n and_o offence_n so_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n rome_n be_v deprive_v of_o the_o liberty_n which_o it_o enjoy_v under_o other_o king_n nor_o be_v it_o enough_o for_o he_o to_o disoblige_v the_o senate_n but_o he_o run_v himself_o into_o the_o odium_fw-la of_o the_o people_n harass_v they_o out_o by_o mechanic_n and_o servile_a employment_n to_o which_o they_o have_v never_o be_v use_v in_o the_o day_n of_o his_o predecessor_n by_o which_o cruel_a and_o insolent_a action_n he_o have_v so_o incense_v and_o inflame_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o roman_n against_o he_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a for_o rebellion_n the_o first_o opportunity_n that_o offer_v itself_o and_o if_o that_o accident_n have_v not_o happen_v to_o lucretia_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o other_o have_v fall_v out_o it_o will_v have_v have_v the_o same_o effect_n and_o if_o tarquin_n have_v govern_v and_o live_v according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o his_o son_n sextus_n have_v commit_v that_o error_n brutus_n and_o collatinus_n will_v have_v address_v themselves_o to_o tarquin_n and_o not_o to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n for_o justice_n against_o his_o son_n let_v prince_n therefore_o observe_v that_o they_o begin_v to_o ruin_v their_o own_o dignity_n and_o power_n when_o they_o first_o go_v about_o to_o transgress_v and_o violate_v the_o old_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o if_o after_o they_o be_v remove_v and_o dispossess_v of_o their_o authority_n they_o shall_v grow_v so_o wise_a as_o to_o understand_v the_o felicity_n of_o govern_v a_o kingdom_n with_o good_a counsel_n their_o loss_n will_v be_v more_o insupportable_a and_o they_o will_v condemn_v themselves_o to_o a_o great_a punishment_n than_o any_o body_n else_o will_v condemn_v they_o for_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v belove_v by_o good_a people_n than_o bad_a and_o to_o obey_v law_n than_o to_o command_v they_o and_o to_o understand_v the_o way_n by_o which_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v they_o have_v no_o more_o to_o do_v but_o to_o observe_v the_o life_n of_o good_a prince_n as_o timoleon_n the_o corinthian_a aratus_n sicionius_n and_o other_o in_o which_o they_o will_v find_v so_o much_o ease_v and_o security_n to_o he_o that_o govern_v and_o they_o that_o be_v govern_v that_o they_o will_v be_v tempt_v to_o imitate_v they_o if_o for_o nothing_o but_o the_o easiness_n of_o it_o for_o when_o man_n be_v govern_v well_o they_o desire_v no_o other_o liberty_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o the_o people_n who_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o two_o person_n above_o name_v who_o they_o compel_v to_o continue_v their_o prince_n whilst_o they_o live_v though_o they_o endeavour_v several_a time_n to_o have_v lay_v down_o and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o private_a condition_n and_o because_o in_o this_o and_o the_o two_o precedent_a chapter_n we_o have_v discourse_v of_o the_o hatred_n contract_v against_o prince_n and_o the_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o son_n of_o brutus_n against_o the_o state_n and_o other_o against_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n and_o servius_n tullius_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o speak_v of_o conspiracy_n more_o large_o in_o my_o next_o chapter_n as_o be_v a_o subject_n well_o worth_a the_o observation_n both_o of_o prince_n and_o private_a person_n chap._n vi_o of_o conspiracy_n i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o inconvenient_a in_o this_o place_n to_o discourse_v something_o of_o conspiracy_n see_v they_o be_v thing_n of_o such_o consequence_n and_o danger_n both_o to_o prince_n &_o private_a person_n for_o
pistoia_n which_o 15_o year_n since_o as_o it_o be_v now_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o panciatichi_n and_o cancellieri_n only_o then_o they_o be_v at_o open_a defiance_n which_o now_o they_o be_v not_o after_o many_o contest_v and_o dispute_v among_o themselves_o they_o proceed_v to_o blood_n to_o the_o plunder_v and_o demolish_n one_o another_o house_n and_o commit_v all_o other_o hostility_n imaginable_a the_o florentine_n who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o unite_v they_o use_v this_o three_o way_n which_o rather_o increase_v than_o mitigate_v their_o tumult_n so_o that_o weary_a of_o that_o way_n and_o grow_v wise_a by_o experience_n they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o second_o banish_v some_o of_o the_o ringleader_n and_o imprison_v the_o rest_n whereby_o they_o not_o only_o quiet_v their_o difference_n then_o but_o have_v keep_v they_o so_o ever_o since_o but_o doubtless_o the_o safe_a way_n have_v be_v to_o cut_v they_o off_o at_o first_o and_o if_o those_o execution_n be_v forbear_v then_o by_o we_o or_o have_v be_v since_o by_o any_o other_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v for_o no_o other_o cause_n but_o that_o they_o require_v a_o certain_a generosity_n and_o greatness_n of_o spirit_n that_o in_o weak_a commonwealth_n be_v hardly_o to_o be_v find_v and_o these_o be_v the_o error_n which_o as_o i_o say_v in_o the_o beginning_n be_v commit_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o our_o time_n when_o they_o be_v to_o determine_v in_o such_o great_a controversy_n for_o they_o shall_v inform_v themselves_o how_o other_o have_v comport_v in_o the_o same_o case_n before_o they_o but_o they_o be_v so_o weak_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o slightness_n of_o our_o present_a education_n and_o their_o unexperience_n in_o history_n that_o they_o look_v upon_o the_o example_n of_o the_o ancient_n as_o inhuman_a or_o impossible_a so_o that_o our_o modern_a opinion_n be_v as_o remote_a from_o the_o truth_n as_o that_o say_n of_o our_o wise_a man_n be_v upon_o a_o time_n i_o bisognavatener_n pistoiacon_n le_fw-fr parti_fw-la &_o pisacon_n le_fw-fr fortezze_fw-it that_o pistoia_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v under_o by_o faction_n and_o pisa_n by_o a_o citadel_n but_o they_o be_v mistake_v in_o both_o what_o my_o judgement_n be_v about_o citadel_n and_o such_o kind_n of_o fortress_n i_o have_v deliver_v elsewhere_o so_o as_o in_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v only_o demonstrate_v how_o unpracticable_a it_o be_v to_o keep_v town_n in_o subjection_n by_o foment_v their_o difference_n and_o faction_n and_o first_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o keep_v both_o party_n true_a to_o you_o be_v you_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n or_o whatever_o for_o man_n be_v natural_o so_o inconstant_a it_o can_v be_v that_o those_o party_n which_o favour_n you_o to_o day_n shall_v be_v affect_v to_o you_o always_o for_o they_o will_v still_o look_v out_o for_o some_o new_a patron_n and_o protector_n so_o that_o by_o degree_n one_o of_o the_o party_n take_v some_o disgust_n against_o you_o the_o next_o war_n that_o happen_v you_o run_v a_o great_a hazard_n of_o lose_v your_o town_n if_o it_o be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o a_o state_n the_o city_n be_v in_o more_o danger_n than_o in_o the_o other_o case_n because_o each_o party_n look_v out_o for_o friend_n among_o the_o great_a one_o and_o will_v spare_v no_o pain_n nor_o money_n to_o corrupt_v they_o from_o whence_o two_o great_a inconvenience_n do_v arise_v one_o be_v you_o can_v never_o make_v they_o love_v you_o because_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o frequent_a alteration_n of_o governor_n and_o put_v in_o sometime_o a_o person_n of_o one_o humour_n and_o sometime_o another_o of_o another_o they_o can_v never_o be_v well_o govern_v and_o then_o the_o other_o be_v by_o this_o foment_v of_o faction_n your_o state_n must_v be_v necessary_o divide_v blondus_fw-la speak_v of_o the_o passage_n betwixt_o the_o florentine_n and_o pistoians_n confirm_v what_o we_o have_v say_v in_o these_o word_n mentreche_o i_fw-it florentini_fw-la disâ—gnavano_fw-mi de_fw-fr riunir_fw-fr pistoia_n divisono_fw-it se_fw-it medesimi_fw-it whilst_o the_o florentine_n think_v to_o have_v unite_v the_o pistoians_n they_o divide_v themselves_o in_o the_o year_n 1501._o arezzo_n revolt_v from_o the_o florentine_n and_o the_o valley_n di_fw-fr tenere_fw-la and_o chiana_n be_v entire_o overrun_v by_o the_o vitelli_n and_o duke_n valentine_n whereupon_o monsieur_n de_fw-fr lant_n be_v send_v from_o the_o king_n of_o france_n to_o see_v all_o that_o they_o have_v lose_v restore_v to_o the_o florentine_n wherever_o monsieur_n de_fw-fr lant_n come_v observe_v the_o person_n that_o come_v to_o visit_v he_o do_v still_o profess_v themselves_o of_o the_o party_n of_o morzocco_n he_o be_v much_o dissatisfy_v with_o their_o faction_n and_o more_o that_o they_o shall_v declare_v themselves_o so_o free_o for_o say_v he_o if_o in_o france_n any_o man_n shall_v pronounce_v himself_o of_o the_o king_n party_n he_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o be_v punish_v because_o it_o will_v imply_v that_o there_o be_v a_o party_n against_o the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v his_o master_n desire_n that_o his_o kingdom_n and_o city_n shall_v be_v all_o of_o a_o mind_n if_o therefore_o a_o prince_n believe_v there_o be_v no_o way_n for_o he_o to_o keep_v his_o town_n in_o obedience_n but_o by_o keep_v up_o faction_n it_o be_v a_o certain_a argument_n of_o his_o weakness_n for_o be_v unable_a by_o force_n and_o courage_n to_o keep_v they_o under_o he_o betake_v himself_o to_o these_o pernicious_a art_n which_o in_o peaceable_a time_n may_v palliate_v a_o little_a but_o when_o trouble_n and_o adversity_n come_v will_v assure_o deceive_v he_o chap._n xxviii_o a_o strict_a eye_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v upon_o the_o citizen_n for_o many_o time_n under_o pretence_n of_o officiousness_n and_o piety_n there_o be_v hide_v a_o principle_n of_o tyranny_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n be_v distress_v for_o want_n of_o provision_n and_o the_o public_a store_n be_v unable_a to_o supply_v it_o it_o come_v into_o the_o thought_n of_o spurius_n melius_n a_o rich_a citizen_n of_o those_o time_n to_o furnish_v the_o common_a people_n gratis_o out_o of_o his_o own_o private_a stock_n whereby_o he_o wrought_v himself_o so_o far_o into_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o people_n that_o the_o senate_n suspect_v the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o his_o bounty_n begin_v to_o conspire_v his_o destruction_n before_o his_o interest_n become_v too_o great_a to_o which_o purpose_n they_o create_v a_o dictator_n who_o put_v he_o to_o death_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o many_o time_n those_o action_n which_o seem_v charitable_a and_o pious_a at_o first_o sight_n and_o be_v not_o reasonable_a to_o be_v condemn_v be_v notwithstanding_o cruel_a and_o dangerous_a for_o a_o state_n if_o not_o correct_v in_o time_n to_o make_v this_o more_o clear_a i_o say_v a_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v well_o govern_v nor_o indeed_o subsist_v without_o the_o assistance_n and_o ministry_n of_o powerful_a and_o great_a man_n and_o yet_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o power_n and_o reputation_n of_o particular_a citizen_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o tyranny_n to_o regulate_v this_o inconvenience_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o see_v there_o must_v be_v great_a man_n thing_n shall_v be_v so_o order_v that_o they_o may_v have_v praise_n and_o reputation_n by_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v rather_o useful_a than_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o state_n wherefore_o it_o be_v careful_o to_o be_v observe_v what_o way_n they_o take_v to_o acquire_v their_o reputation_n and_o they_o be_v usual_o two_o either_o public_a or_o private_a the_o public_a way_n be_v when_o they_o arrive_v at_o their_o reputation_n by_o some_o good_a counsel_n or_o some_o great_a exploit_n which_o they_o have_v achieve_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o public_a and_o this_o way_n of_o reputation_n be_v not_o only_o not_o to_o be_v preclude_v to_o the_o citizen_n but_o to_o be_v open_v by_o such_o promise_n of_o reward_n for_o their_o good_a counsel_n or_o action_n as_o may_v both_o dignify_v and_o enrich_v they_o and_o when_o a_o reputation_n be_v gain_v by_o these_o plain_a and_o sincere_a way_n it_o be_v never_o to_o be_v fear_v but_o when_o their_o course_n be_v private_a which_o be_v the_o other_o of_o the_o two_o way_n they_o be_v dangerous_a nay_o total_o pernicious_a those_o private_a way_n be_v by_o oblige_v particular_a person_n by_o lend_v they_o money_n by_o marry_v their_o relation_n by_o defend_v they_o against_o the_o magistrate_n and_o do_v several_a other_o particular_a favour_n which_o may_v encourage_v their_o client_n to_o violate_v the_o law_n and_o vitiate_v the_o commonwealth_n for_o which_o cause_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o well_o fortify_v with_o good_a law_n that_o the_o endeavour_n of_o such_o ambitious_a man_n may_v be_v either_o discourage_v or_o defeat_v and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n reward_v propose_v to_o such_o as_o
favour_n and_o if_o it_o will_v be_v no_o trouble_n to_o you_o to_o enlarge_v it_o will_v be_v none_o to_o we_o to_o attend_v but_o because_o the_o discourse_n be_v like_a to_o be_v long_o i_o desire_v i_o may_v have_v the_o assistance_n of_o my_o friend_n yet_o with_o your_o licence_n and_o permission_n wherefore_o they_o and_o i_o do_v make_v it_o our_o request_n that_o you_o will_v not_o take_v it_o a_o miss_n if_o we_o interrupt_v you_o sometime_o with_o some_o importunate_a demand_n fabritio_n i_o be_o very_a well_o content_v that_o you_o cosimo_n and_o these_o young_a gentleman_n your_o friend_n ask_v any_o thing_n of_o i_o because_o i_o believe_v the_o heat_n of_o your_o youth_n make_v you_o inclinable_a to_o arm_n and_o by_o consequence_n more_o apt_a to_o give_v credit_n to_o what_o i_o shall_v say_v and_o these_o other_o gentleman_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o liberty_n because_o their_o grey_a head_n and_o their_o cold_a blood_n make_v they_o common_o enemy_n to_o warfare_n and_o incorrigible_a as_o people_n possess_v with_o a_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v the_o time_n not_o the_o ill_a custom_n which_o constrain_v man_n to_o live_v at_o that_o rate_n question_v i_o then_o free_o as_o you_o please_v it_o be_v the_o thing_n i_o desire_v because_o i_o shall_v thereby_o have_v some_o respite_n and_o repose_v and_o withal_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o clear_v your_o doubt_n and_o leave_v nothing_o unanswered_a in_o your_o mind_n chap._n ii_o a_o person_n of_o honour_n and_o condition_n be_v not_o to_o make_v war_n his_o profession_n fabritio_n i_o will_v begin_v my_o discourse_n with_o what_o you_o say_v that_o in_o matter_n of_o war_n which_o be_v my_o profession_n i_o never_o make_v use_n of_o any_o thing_n of_o the_o ancient_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o war_n be_v a_o profession_n by_o which_o man_n can_v live_v honourable_a at_o all_o time_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v up_o as_o a_o trade_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o a_o kingdom_n and_o if_o they_o be_v well_o constitute_v they_o will_v neither_o of_o they_o suffer_v any_o of_o their_o citizen_n or_o subject_n or_o any_o other_o good_a man_n to_o make_v it_o his_o business_n for_o he_o will_v never_o be_v think_v a_o good_a man_n who_o take_v upon_o he_o a_o employment_n by_o which_o if_o he_o will_v reap_v any_o profit_n at_o any_o time_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o be_v false_a and_o rapacious_a and_o cruel_a and_o to_o entertain_v several_a other_o quality_n that_o be_v not_o consistent_a in_o a_o good_a man_n nor_o can_v any_o man_n great_a or_o small_a who_o make_v war_n his_o profession_n be_v otherwise_o than_o vicious_a because_o that_o that_o trade_n be_v not_o to_o be_v follow_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n they_o be_v necessitate_v either_o to_o prevent_v or_o obstruct_v peace_n or_o in_o time_n of_o war_n to_o provide_v so_o for_o themselves_o that_o they_o may_v subsist_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o neither_o of_o those_o two_o way_n be_v practicable_a to_o a_o honest_a man_n for_o from_o the_o desire_n of_o provide_v for_o themselves_o against_o the_o evil_a day_n when_o the_o war_n shall_v be_v end_v proceed_v the_o robbery_n and_o theft_n and_o murder_n which_o be_v commit_v daily_o by_o such_o kind_n of_o people_n and_o that_o upon_o their_o friend_n as_o well_o as_o enemy_n and_o from_o the_o desire_n of_o obstruct_v the_o peace_n proceed_v all_o the_o fraud_n and_o juggle_v which_o the_o officer_n use_v with_o those_o who_o pay_v they_o and_o all_o to_o continue_v the_o war_n but_o if_o by_o accident_n peace_n be_v conclude_v contrary_a to_o their_o endeavour_n and_o design_n it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v that_o the_o officer_n find_v themselves_o destitute_a of_o pay_n and_o their_o old_a liberty_n and_o licentiousness_n will_v get_v together_o such_o soldier_n of_o fortune_n as_o have_v nothing_o to_o subsist_v upon_o and_o fall_v into_o some_o province_n plunder_v and_o rifle_v it_o without_o any_o compassion_n do_v you_o not_o remember_v that_o here_o in_o italy_n we_o have_v several_a of_o these_o disband_v soldier_n which_o get_v together_o when_o the_o war_n be_v do_v call_v themselves_o the_o company_n and_o go_v up_o and_o down_o ransack_v town_n and_o pillage_n the_o country_n and_o all_o without_o remedy_n have_v you_o not_o read_v how_o after_o the_o first_o carthaginian_a war_n disband_v soldier_n unite_v under_o the_o command_n of_o matho_n and_o spendius_n two_o of_o their_o officer_n and_o in_o a_o tumultuous_a manner_n make_v a_o more_o dangerous_a war_n upon_o the_o carthaginian_n than_o that_o which_o they_o have_v have_v with_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o day_n of_o our_o predecessor_n francis_n sforza_n not_o only_o betray_v the_o milanois_n who_o have_v make_v he_o their_o general_n but_o usurp_v upon_o their_o liberty_n and_o make_v himself_o their_o prince_n and_o for_o what_o but_o that_o he_o may_v live_v in_o the_o same_o splendour_n when_o the_o peace_n be_v conclude_v and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o great_a officer_n in_o italy_n be_v like_o he_o especial_o if_o war_n be_v their_o profession_n and_o though_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la they_o do_v not_o all_o make_v themselves_o duke_n of_o milan_n by_o their_o treachery_n they_o be_v the_o more_o to_o be_v blame_v because_o without_o the_o temptation_n of_o so_o great_a advantage_n their_o life_n and_o exorbitance_n be_v as_o bad_a the_o father_n of_o francis_n sforza_n be_v in_o the_o service_n of_o queen_n jane_n constrain_v she_o to_o cast_v herself_o into_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n have_v desert_v she_o on_o a_o sudden_a and_o leave_v she_o disarm_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o her_o enemy_n and_o all_o to_o satiate_v his_o ambition_n to_o satisfy_v his_o revenge_n or_o to_o have_v get_v her_o kingdom_n for_o himself_o braccio_fw-mi with_o the_o same_o industry_n endeavour_v to_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o have_v he_o not_o be_v defeat_v and_o slay_v at_o aquila_n he_o have_v certain_o effect_v it_o and_o these_o confusion_n proceed_v from_o nothing_o else_o but_o from_o the_o employ_v of_o such_o man_n as_o be_v mercenary_a and_o have_v nothing_o to_o subsist_v upon_o but_o their_o pay_n have_v you_o not_o a_o proverb_n which_o confirm_v what_o i_o say_v and_o tell_v we_o that_o war_n make_v thief_n and_o peace_n bring_v they_o to_o the_o gallow_n the_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o those_o person_n who_o have_v no_o other_o way_n of_o livelihood_n nor_o so_o much_o temper_n and_o ingenuity_n as_o to_o take_v to_o any_o other_o course_n that_o may_v honest_o sustain_v they_o be_v force_v by_o necessity_n to_o rob_v upon_o the_o highway_n and_o then_o justice_n be_v force_v to_o dispatch_v they_o cosimo_n you_o have_v represent_v this_o trade_n and_o profession_n of_o a_o soldier_n so_o vile_a and_o contemptible_a that_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v now_o to_o be_v worse_o than_o none_o at_o all_o whereas_o before_o i_o think_v it_o one_o of_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o excellent_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n so_o that_o unless_o you_o satisfy_v i_o better_o i_o shall_v never_o be_v content_v for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o as_o you_o say_v i_o can_v imagine_v how_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n and_o scipio_n and_o marcellus_n and_o so_o many_o other_o great_a captain_n of_o the_o roman_n shall_v become_v so_o famous_a as_o to_o be_v worship_v like_o go_n fabritio_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o thorough_o examine_v those_o two_o thing_n which_o i_o propose_v in_o the_o beginning_n one_o be_v that_o a_o good_a man_n can_v take_v up_o that_o call_n as_o his_o profession_n the_o other_o be_v that_o no_o well_o constitute_v government_n whether_o commonwealth_n or_o kingdom_n will_v suffer_v its_o subject_n or_o citizen_n to_o make_v war_n their_o whole_a business_n to_o the_o first_o i_o have_v speak_v what_o i_o think_v fit_a it_o remain_v now_o that_o i_o speak_v to_o the_o second_o in_o which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o reply_v to_o your_o last_o demand_n chap._n iii_o how_o a_o commonwealth_n ought_v not_o in_o prudence_n to_o permit_v any_o of_o its_o citizen_n to_o make_v war_n their_o profession_n fabritio_n touch_v the_o roman_n which_o you_o mention_v it_o be_v true_a pompey_n and_o caesar_n and_o most_o of_o the_o great_a captain_n who_o be_v at_o rome_n after_o the_o last_o carthaginian_a war_n arrive_v at_o great_a reputation_n but_o it_o be_v rather_o as_o brave_a and_o generous_a than_o good_a and_o virtuous_a man_n whereas_o those_o who_o be_v before_o they_o be_v famous_a as_o much_o for_o their_o virtue_n as_o conduct_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o these_o make_v not_o war_n their_o profession_n and_o the_o other_o do_v whilst_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n be_v incorrupt_a and_o
the_o conflict_n of_o the_o wind_n and_o the_o water_n and_o the_o element_n and_o the_o enemy_n shall_v soon_o make_v a_o good_a land-officer_n where_o he_o have_v nothing_o to_o fight_v with_o but_o man_n than_o a_o land-officer_n shall_v make_v a_o good_a captain_n at_o sea_n my_o countryman_n the_o roman_n who_o be_v so_o know_v at_o land_n be_v at_o war_n with_o the_o carthaginian_a that_o be_v so_o potent_a at_o sea_n never_o trouble_v themselves_o to_o entertain_v either_o grecian_a or_o spaniard_n into_o their_o service_n though_o they_o be_v both_o so_o good_a soldier_n at_o sea_n but_o they_o commit_v that_o charge_n to_o their_o land-officer_n who_o fight_v the_o carthaginian_n and_o beat_v they_o if_o the_o venetian_n do_v it_o to_o prevent_v the_o usurpation_n of_o any_o of_o their_o fellow_n citizen_n i_o think_v it_o be_v a_o unnecessary_a fear_n for_o beside_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a if_o a_o citizen_n with_o his_o sea-force_n never_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o 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occasion_n again_o of_o speak_v of_o the_o election_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o recruit_v of_o a_o old_a army_n i_o say_v therefore_o that_o the_o fitness_n of_o a_o person_n to_o be_v choose_v for_o the_o war_n be_v to_o be_v know_v by_o experience_n in_o some_o great_a atchieument_n or_o by_o conjecture_n this_o proof_n and_o trial_n of_o their_o courage_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v among_o new_a raise_a man_n it_o be_v necessary_a therefore_o where_o this_o experience_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v to_o have_v recourse_n to_o conjecture_v which_o be_v to_o be_v deduce_v from_o their_o age_n art_n and_o stature_n of_o the_o two_o first_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o it_o remain_v that_o we_o speak_v now_o of_o the_o three_o and_o tell_v you_o that_o some_o person_n as_o pyrrhus_n have_v be_v altogether_o for_o large_a and_o tall_a man_n other_o as_o caesar_n will_v have_v they_o strong_a well_o knit_v and_o vigorous_a which_o be_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o composition_n of_o 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to_o send_v relief_n into_o italy_n which_o longinus_n look_v upon_o as_o a_o opportunity_n to_o make_v himself_o king_n of_o the_o lombard_n and_o of_o all_o italy_n beside_o by_o the_o help_n of_o rosmunda_n and_o her_o treasure_n he_o impart_v his_o design_n to_o she_o and_o persuade_v she_o to_o kill_v almachilde_n and_o take_v he_o afterward_o for_o her_o husband_n she_o accept_v the_o motion_n and_o have_v in_o order_n thereunto_o prepare_v a_o cup_n of_o poison_n she_o give_v it_o with_o her_o own_o hand_n to_o almachilde_n as_o he_o come_v thirsty_a out_o of_o a_o bath_n who_o have_v drink_v off_o half_a find_v it_o work_n and_o great_a convulsion_n within_o he_o conclude_v what_o it_o be_v he_o force_v she_o to_o drink_v the_o rest_n so_o that_o in_o a_o few_o hour_n both_o of_o they_o die_v and_o longinus_n lose_v all_o hope_n of_o make_v himself_o king_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n at_o a_o convention_n of_o the_o lombard_n at_o pavia_n which_o they_o have_v make_v their_o 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peter_n be_v venerable_a and_o eminent_a for_o their_o miracle_n and_o the_o holiness_n of_o their_o life_n and_o their_o example_n add_v daily_o such_o number_n to_o the_o christian_a church_n that_o to_o obviate_v or_o remove_v the_o confusion_n which_o be_v then_o in_o the_o world_n many_o prince_n turn_v christian_n and_o the_o emperor_n of_o rome_n be_v convert_v among_o the_o rest_n and_o quit_v rome_n to_o hold_v his_o residence_n at_o constantinople_n the_o roman_a empire_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o begin_v to_o decline_v but_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n augment_v as_o fast_o nevertheless_o until_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o lombard_n all_o italy_n be_v under_o the_o dominion_n either_o of_o emperor_n or_o king_n the_o bishop_n assume_v no_o more_o power_n than_o what_o be_v due_a to_o their_o doctrine_n and_o manner_n in_o civil_a affair_n they_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o civil_a power_n they_o employ_v many_o time_n by_o the_o emperor_n and_o king_n as_o their_o 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with_o longinus_n and_o the_o lombard_n not_o as_o subject_n but_o as_o equal_n and_o companion_n which_o say_v custom_n continue_v and_o the_o pope_n enter_v into_o alliance_n sometime_o with_o the_o lombard_n and_o sometime_o with_o the_o greek_n contract_v great_a reputation_n to_o their_o dignity_n but_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o eastern_a empire_n follow_v so_o close_o under_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n heracleus_n emperor_n in_o who_o time_n the_o schiavi_n a_o people_n we_o mention_v before_o fall_v again_o upon_o illyria_n and_o overran_a it_o and_o call_v it_o sclavonia_n from_o their_o own_o name_n the_o other_o part_n of_o that_o empire_n be_v infest_a first_o by_o the_o persian_n afterward_o by_o the_o saracen_n out_o of_o arabia_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o mahomet_n and_o last_o of_o all_o by_o the_o turk_n and_o have_v lose_v several_a province_n which_o be_v member_n of_o it_o as_o syria_n africa_n and_o egypt_n the_o pope_n lose_v the_o convenience_n of_o the_o emperor_n protection_n in_o time_n of_o adversity_n and_o the_o power_n of_o the_o lombard_n increase_v too_o fast_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o think_v it_o but_o necessary_a to_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n for_o assistance_n so_o that_o the_o war_n which_o happen_v afterward_o in_o italy_n be_v occasion_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o several_a inundation_n of_o barbarian_n invite_v by_o they_o which_o manner_n of_o proceed_v have_v continue_v to_o our_o time_n have_v hold_v and_o do_v still_o hold_v italy_n divide_v and_o infirm_a but_o in_o my_o description_n of_o occurrence_n betwixt_o those_o time_n and_o our_o own_o i_o shall_v not_o enlarge_v upon_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o in_o truth_n receive_v but_o little_a assistance_n from_o the_o pope_n or_o any_o other_o prince_n of_o italy_n till_o the_o day_n of_o charles_n the_o 8_o but_o discourse_n rather_o how_o the_o pope_n with_o their_o censure_n commination_n and_o arm_n mingle_v together_o with_o their_o indulgence_n become_v formidable_a and_o reverence_v and_o how_o have_v make_v ill_a use_n both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o they_o have_v lose_v the_o one_o entire_o and_o remain_v at_o the_o discretion_n of_o other_o people_n for_o the_o other_o but_o to_o reurn_v to_o our_o order_n i_o say_v that_o gregory_n the_o three_o be_v create_v pope_n and_o aistolfus_n king_n of_o the_o lombard_n aistolfus_n contrary_a to_o league_n and_o agreement_n seize_v upon_o ravenna_n and_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o pope_n gregory_n not_o dare_v for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a to_o depend_v upon_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o lombard_n who_o he_o have_v already_o find_v false_a apply_v himself_o to_o pepin_n the_o second_o who_o from_o lord_n of_o austrachia_n and_o brabantia_n be_v become_v king_n of_o france_n not_o so_o much_o by_o his_o own_o
it_o as_o the_o roman_n do_v upon_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o tarquin_n &_o not_o without_o reason_n for_o the_o people_n be_v like_o a_o wild_a beast_n which_o though_o natural_o fierce_a dispose_v to_o live_v in_o the_o wood_n and_o to_o find_v out_o den_n and_o convert_n to_o conceal_v itself_o yet_o have_v be_v always_o bring_v up_o as_o it_o be_v in_o prison_n &_o servitude_n if_o by_o accident_n it_o break_v its_o bond_n and_o escape_n out_o into_o the_o field_n it_o be_v in_o a_o maze_n know_v not_o whither_o to_o run_v where_o to_o sustain_v or_o where_o to_o conceal_v itself_o as_o have_v be_v accustom_v to_o bondage_n and_o confinement_n by_o which_o mean_n if_o worth_a the_o look_v after_o it_o be_v easy_o recover_v it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o a_o people_n which_o have_v live_v always_o in_o subjection_n who_o understand_v nothing_o of_o public_a offence_n or_o defence_n and_o know_v as_o little_a of_o prince_n as_o prince_n do_v of_o they_o be_v with_o the_o great_a ease_n imaginable_a reduce_v to_o a_o yoke_n which_o be_v common_o more_o grievous_a than_o what_o they_o escape_v from_o before_o and_o this_o happen_v to_o they_o where_o they_o be_v not_o total_o debauch_v for_o where_o the_o mass_n be_v corrupt_v they_o can_v subsist_v a_o moment_n i_o speak_v now_o of_o those_o where_o the_o malignity_n be_v not_o so_o diffuse_v but_o that_o there_o be_v still_o leave_v more_o good_a man_n than_o bad_a in_o which_o case_n another_o difficulty_n do_v likewise_o occur_v and_o that_o be_v whenever_o the_o yoke_n of_o tyranny_n be_v shake_v off_o and_o liberty_n set_v up_o it_o follow_v continual_o that_o many_o enemy_n be_v create_v who_o interest_n it_o be_v to_o subvert_v it_o and_o no_o friend_n make_v that_o shall_v have_v any_o advantage_n by_o support_v it_o by_o enemy_n i_o mean_v all_o those_o privado_n and_o favourite_n of_o prince_n who_o have_v enjoy_v the_o perferment_n and_o wealth_n of_o their_o master_n and_o can_v but_o be_v disgu_v to_o find_v themselves_o dispossess_v wherefore_o they_o be_v constant_o ready_a to_o take_v any_o occasion_n of_o restore_v their_o old_a prince_n that_o they_o themselves_o may_v be_v restore_v to_o their_o authority_n and_o employment_n and_o for_o friend_n who_o interest_n it_o be_v that_o upon_o the_o shake_n off_o their_o tyrant_n their_o liberty_n shall_v be_v preserve_v they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v because_o in_o free_a state_n honour_n and_o office_n be_v confer_v upon_o such_o as_o by_o their_o virtue_n some_o great_a atcheiument_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o some_o other_o honourable_a action_n have_v seem_v to_o deserve_v they_o and_o when_o a_o man_n receive_v no_o more_o than_o what_o he_o think_v he_o have_v deserve_v he_o ascribe_v it_o to_o his_o own_o merit_n rather_o than_o to_o the_o liberality_n of_o the_o state_n and_o hold_v himself_o not_o oblige_v beside_o the_o common_a utility_n result_v from_o a_o free_a state_n though_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o in_o their_o knowledge_n for_o who_o be_v it_o that_o consider_v or_o take_v care_n that_o every_o man_n enjoy_v quiet_o what_o god_n have_v give_v he_o that_o their_o wife_n be_v not_o dishonour_v their_o child_n abuse_v nor_o their_o fellow_n oppress_v for_o who_o be_v it_o that_o will_v think_v himself_o bind_v to_o any_o man_n for_o do_v he_o no_o wrong_n and_o thing_n be_v so_o a_o free_a state_n new_o acquire_v never_o create_v such_o friend_n as_o will_v be_v half_a so_o solicitous_a for_o its_o conservation_n as_o those_o enemy_n who_o have_v be_v dispossess_v of_o their_o fortune_n and_o preferment_n will_v be_v to_o undermine_v it_o and_o restore_v their_o old_a master_n again_o and_o if_o it_o be_v inquire_v what_o course_n be_v to_o be_v take_v against_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o disorder_n which_o follow_v thereupon_o there_o be_v not_o a_o more_o efficacious_a safe_a and_o more_o necessary_a remedy_n than_o to_o kill_v the_o son_n of_o brutus_n who_o as_o history_n tell_v we_o enter_v into_o a_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o state_n with_o other_o young_a gentleman_n of_o rome_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o they_o can_v not_o be_v so_o loose_a and_o licentious_a under_o the_o consul_n as_o under_o the_o king_n as_o if_o their_o freedom_n be_v incompatible_a and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n be_v servitude_n to_o they_o wherefore_o he_o who_o propose_v to_o govern_v a_o people_n whether_o by_o the_o way_n of_o monarchy_n or_o republic_n and_o do_v not_o secure_v himself_o of_o those_o who_o be_v adverse_a to_o the_o change_n must_v never_o think_v to_o effect_v or_o at_o least_o to_o enjoy_v it_o long_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v convenient_a he_o shall_v know_v the_o infelicity_n of_o those_o prince_n who_o can_v secure_v their_o dominion_n without_o murder_n and_o blood_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o multitude_n be_v incense_v and_o become_v mortal_o their_o enemy_n he_o who_o have_v but_o few_o enemy_n may_v secure_v it_o the_o better_a but_o where_o the_o multitude_n be_v provoke_v no_o security_n be_v to_o be_v have_v and_o the_o more_o cruelty_n be_v use_v the_o weak_a the_o government_n so_o that_o when_o all_o be_v do_v the_o sure_a remedy_n be_v to_o indulge_v the_o people_n and_o make_v they_o your_o friend_n and_o now_o though_o i_o may_v seem_v something_o confuse_a and_o immethodical_a in_o speak_v sometime_o of_o a_o prince_n and_o then_o of_o a_o republic_n i_o shall_v take_v the_o liberty_n to_o do_v it_o here_o brief_o that_o i_o may_v have_v no_o occasion_n hereafter_o a_o prince_n therefore_o who_o by_o usurp_v upon_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n have_v make_v they_o his_o enemy_n if_o he_o desire_v to_o reconcile_v himself_o be_v above_o all_o thing_n to_o consider_v what_o the_o people_n affect_v and_o he_o shall_v find_v it_o to_o consist_v principal_o in_o two_o thing_n one_o be_v revenge_n upon_o those_o who_o have_v be_v instrumental_a in_o their_o slavery_n and_o the_o other_o be_v restitution_n of_o their_o liberty_n in_o the_o first_o the_o prince_n may_v gratify_v they_o full_o in_o the_o second_o but_o in_o part_n of_o the_o first_o we_o have_v a_o exact_a instance_n clearchus_n governor_n of_o heraclia_n be_v banish_v for_o his_o tyranny_n a_o controversy_n betwixt_o the_o nobility_n and_o the_o commons_o happen_v afterward_o in_o that_o town_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o nobility_n find_v themselves_o the_o weak_a address_v to_o clearchus_n and_o have_v enter_v into_o confederacy_n with_o he_o they_o give_v he_o admission_n and_o overcome_v the_o people_n he_o take_v away_o their_o liberty_n but_o clearchus_n perceive_v himself_o in_o the_o clutch_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o not_o only_o subject_a to_o their_o insolence_n which_o be_v neither_o to_o be_v satiate_v nor_o correct_v but_o to_o the_o rage_n and_o fury_n of_o the_o multitude_n which_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n digest_v his_o encroachment_n upon_o their_o liberty_n he_o resolve_v at_o one_o blow_n to_o rid_v himself_o of_o his_o grandee_n and_o reconcile_v himself_o to_o the_o people_n and_o take_v his_o opportunity_n he_o cut_v off_o all_o his_o nobility_n with_o great_a satisfaction_n to_o the_o rest_n the_o other_o thing_n which_o they_o desire_v with_o so_o much_o favour_n be_v restitution_n of_o their_o liberty_n in_o which_o the_o prince_n can_v total_o comply_v without_o degrade_n himself_o he_o be_v therefore_o to_o examine_v upon_o what_o ground_n the_o people_n be_v so_o fond_a of_o it_o and_o he_o will_v find_v that_o some_o few_o indeed_o be_v zealous_a for_o their_o liberty_n in_o hope_n of_o office_n and_o preferment_n but_o the_o great_a part_n desire_v it_o only_o to_o be_v secure_a against_o oppression_n and_o to_o live_v comfortable_o and_o at_o ease_n for_o in_o all_o government_n whether_o republic_n or_o monarchical_a forty_o or_o fifty_o man_n go_v away_o with_o all_o the_o command_n and_o office_n of_o importance_n which_o number_n be_v small_a it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n for_o a_o prince_n to_o secure_v himself_o against_o they_o by_o cut_v they_o off_o or_o by_o such_o addition_n to_o their_o former_a advantage_n as_o may_v in_o some_o measure_n oblige_v they_o the_o rest_n who_o aim_n be_v only_o to_o live_v quiet_o be_v easy_o satisfy_v by_o constitute_v such_o law_n and_o ordinance_n as_o may_v make_v the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n consistant_fw-la with_o the_o security_n of_o the_o people_n if_o a_o prince_n do_v this_o and_o be_v observe_v upon_o no_o accident_n whatever_o to_o violate_v their_o law_n the_o people_n will_v quick_o be_v content_v and_o believe_v themselves_o safe_a and_o of_o this_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n be_v a_o example_n be_v quiet_a and_o at_o peace_n because_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v
by_o innumerable_a law_n which_o comprehend_v the_o security_n of_o the_o subject_a for_o by_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o that_o monarchy_n the_o king_n have_v the_o disposition_n of_o their_o revenue_n and_o the_o management_n of_o their_o army_n but_o in_o every_o thing_n else_o they_o be_v circumscribe_v by_o the_o law_n that_o prince_n therefore_o or_o commonwealth_n which_o at_o its_o first_o erection_n secure_v not_o itself_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v it_o at_o the_o first_o opportunity_n as_o the_o roman_n do_v when_o they_o murder_v the_o son_n of_o brutus_n and_o he_o that_o slip_v it_o will_v repent_v when_o it_o be_v too_o late_a for_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n not_o yet_o entire_o corrupt_v have_v recover_v their_o liberty_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v it_o that_o they_o make_v away_o the_o bruti_fw-la and_o extinguish_v the_o tarquin_n which_o otherwise_o be_v not_o to_o have_v be_v do_v have_v the_o whole_a mass_n and_o body_n of_o the_o people_n be_v debauch_v as_o i_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n xvii_o a_o people_n whole_o corrupt_v in_o their_o manner_n may_v possible_o recover_v their_o liberty_n but_o they_o will_v find_v insuperable_a difficulty_n to_o maintain_v it_o have_v not_o king_n be_v expel_v as_o they_o be_v in_o rome_n that_o city_n in_o my_o opinion_n must_v of_o necessity_n have_v decline_v and_o its_o ancient_a virtue_n &_o the_o authority_n be_v lose_v for_o if_o the_o corruption_n of_o those_o king_n be_v consider_v have_v it_o be_v propagate_v but_o to_o the_o three_o succession_n it_o will_v easy_o have_v diffuse_v itself_o among_o the_o people_n and_o that_o be_v infect_v nothing_o can_v have_v preserve_v the_o city_n much_o less_o have_v restore_v it_o to_o its_o former_a vigour_n and_o reputation_n but_o the_o trunk_n be_v entire_a and_o the_o distemper_n only_o in_o the_o head_n by_o take_v off_o that_o the_o member_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v preserve_v and_o their_o liberty_n recover_v and_o this_o may_v be_v lay_v down_o as_o a_o positive_a truth_n that_o a_o city_n accustom_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o a_o prince_n if_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o people_n be_v corrupt_v can_v never_o make_v itself_o free_a though_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o whole_a race_n be_v extinguish_v for_o some_o new_a lord_n or_o other_o will_v always_o spring_v up_o unless_o by_o accident_n the_o courage_n and_o fortune_n of_o some_o good_a citizen_n concur_v to_o its_o preservation_n and_o even_o then_o its_o liberty_n will_v be_v continue_v no_o long_o than_o the_o life_n of_o that_o person_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o syracuse_n which_o remain_v free_a during_o the_o life_n of_o dion_n and_o timoleon_n though_o in_o different_a time_n but_o when_o they_o be_v dead_a it_o relapsed_a and_o fall_v under_o the_o same_o tyranny_n as_o before_o but_o the_o most_o evident_a example_n of_o all_o be_v in_o rome_n which_o city_n have_v turn_v out_o the_o tarquin_n find_v out_o a_o way_n of_o set_v up_o and_o maintain_v their_o liberty_n a_o long_a time_n yet_o when_o caesar_n be_v slay_v and_o caligula_n nero_n and_o the_o whole_a race_n of_o the_o caesar_n extirpate_v the_o roman_n be_v so_o far_o from_o maintain_v it_o that_o they_o can_v not_o so_o much_o as_o introduce_v the_o least_o form_n or_o appearance_n of_o liberty_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o that_o diversity_n in_o the_o same_o city_n be_v no_o other_o but_o because_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o tarquin_n the_o people_n be_v not_o general_o so_o vicious_a as_o afterward_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o caligula_n and_o nero_n for_o at_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o tarquin_n to_o possess_v the_o people_n then_o against_o tyranny_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o tender_v they_o a_o oath_n by_o which_o they_o engage_v never_o to_o admit_v single_a person_n again_o in_o rome_n whereas_o afterward_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o caesar_n and_o the_o rest_n neither_o the_o authority_n nor_o rigour_n of_o brutus_n with_o all_o his_o legion_n in_o the_o east_n be_v able_a to_o dispose_v the_o people_n to_o the_o assertion_n of_o that_o liberty_n which_o so_o happy_o have_v be_v set_v up_o by_o the_o first_o of_o brutus_n his_o name_n so_o strange_o have_v the_o faction_n of_o marius_n diffuse_v their_o poison_n among_o the_o commons_o of_o which_o caesar_n be_v head_n he_o have_v opportunity_n of_o blind_a the_o people_n and_o coax_v they_o into_o servitude_n so_o sly_o they_o can_v not_o perceive_v the_o yoke_n into_o which_o they_o be_v thrust_v their_o neck_n though_o this_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v pregnant_a enough_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o bring_v in_o for_o any_o want_n in_o our_o own_o time_n for_o in_o naples_n and_o milan_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o people_n be_v total_o debauch_v nothing_o can_v do_v no_o opportunity_n can_v restore_v they_o to_o a_o condition_n of_o liberty_n it_o be_v true_a upon_o the_o death_n of_o philip_n viscâ—nti_n the_o milaneses_n attempt_v but_o they_o can_v never_o effect_v it_o for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v very_o happy_a for_o the_o roman_n that_o their_o king_n discover_v their_o depravity_n so_o soon_o for_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o be_v drive_v out_o before_o their_o wickedness_n can_v dilate_v and_o spread_v itself_o among_o the_o people_n which_o if_o it_o have_v do_v the_o trouble_n and_o tumult_n which_o succeed_v thereupon_o have_v never_o have_v so_o good_a end_n as_o to_o make_v rather_o for_o the_o advantage_n than_o prejudice_n of_o the_o city_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o where_o the_o multitude_n be_v not_o corrupt_v tumult_n and_o disorder_n do_v no_o very_o great_a mischief_n where_o it_o be_v corrupt_v law_n may_v be_v well_o constitute_v and_o provide_v and_o you_o do_v no_o good_a unless_o execute_v by_o some_o person_n so_o severe_o that_o the_o people_n be_v compel_v to_o observe_v they_o and_o by_o strict_a observation_n to_o become_v good_a which_o be_v a_o thing_n i_o can_v neither_o say_v have_v happen_v hitherto_o or_o promise_v it_o ever_o will_n for_o it_o be_v clear_a as_o i_o say_v before_o that_o a_o city_n decline_v upon_o the_o corruption_n of_o the_o mass_n can_v never_o recover_v unless_o it_o be_v by_o the_o virtue_n and_o magnanimity_n of_o some_o active_a citizen_n who_o take_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o see_v every_o thing_n faithful_o perform_v and_o even_o then_o that_o good_a man_n be_v no_o soon_o in_o his_o grave_n but_o the_o people_n be_v in_o their_o old_a servitude_n again_o thus_o it_o fall_v out_o with_o the_o theban_n epaminondas_n by_o his_o virtue_n and_o conduct_n enable_v they_o to_o keep_v up_o a_o form_n of_o a_o common_a wealth_n whilst_o he_o be_v alive_a but_o alas_o at_o his_o death_n it_o be_v quick_o dissolve_v the_o reason_n be_v because_o no_o man_n be_v sufficient_o long_o live_v to_o reclaim_v a_o city_n that_o have_v be_v long_o accustom_v to_o licentiousness_n and_o to_o reduce_v it_o to_o be_v good_a so_o that_o though_o it_o happen_v to_o have_v such_o a_o good_a man_n among_o they_o and_o he_o live_v a_o long_a time_n nay_o though_o there_o be_v two_o succession_n of_o good_a man_n if_o the_o three_o as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v defective_a all_o go_v to_o wrack_n it_o must_v necessary_o be_v ruin_v unless_o by_o many_o danger_n and_o great_a effusion_n of_o blood_n it_o happen_v to_o be_v preserve_v because_o that_o corruption_n which_o render_v it_o so_o unapt_a and_o indispose_v to_o a_o free_a life_n proceed_v from_o the_o great_a inequality_n in_o that_o city_n and_o to_o reduce_v thing_n to_o a_o equality_n extraordinary_a way_n must_v be_v use_v which_o few_o people_n know_v and_o few_o will_v take_v as_o shall_v be_v show_v more_o particular_o in_o another_o place_n chap._n xviii_o a_o corrupt_a city_n have_v make_v itself_o free_a how_o its_o liberty_n may_v be_v maintain_v and_o not_o have_v make_v itself_o how_o its_o liberty_n may_v be_v procure_v i_o think_v i_o shall_v not_o be_v extravagant_a if_o to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v already_o i_o add_v another_o query_n whether_o in_o a_o corrupt_a city_n a_o free_a state_n may_v be_v maintain_v if_o by_o any_o accident_n it_o be_v set_v up_o or_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n already_o how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v obtain_v i_o answer_v both_o of_o they_o be_v hard_a and_o though_o a_o certain_a rule_n can_v be_v prescribe_v unless_o we_o know_v the_o degree_n of_o its_o corruption_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v good_a that_o every_o thing_n be_v fair_o discuss_v this_o question_n shall_v not_o be_v suffer_v to_o pass_v i_o shall_v presuppose_v that_o the_o city_n of_o which_o i_o speak_v be_v corrupt_a in_o extremity_n and_o in_o that_o case_n the_o difficulty_n increase_v with_o proportion_n for_o no_o law_n nor_o