interpreter_n perhaps_o this_o cursory_a paraphrase_n upon_o the_o word_n such_o as_o it_o be_v may_v contribute_v something_o towards_o that_o end_n as_o it_o seem_v unto_o i_o they_o express_v thus_o much_o set_a the_o example_n of_o ancient_a prophet_n and_o holy_a man_n before_o your_o eye_n if_o you_o suffer_v adversity_n imitate_v their_o patience_n if_o in_o all_o thing_n you_o can_v attain_v to_o that_o perfection_n yet_o thus_o far_o at_o least_o except_o you_o be_v extreme_a negligent_a you_o may_v go_v with_o ease_n above_o all_o thing_n take_v heed_n lest_o too_o impatient_a of_o your_o grief_n or_o too_o much_o transport_v with_o your_o joy_n you_o break_v forth_o into_o rash_a oath_n to_o the_o dishonour_n of_o god_n and_o shame_n of_o christian_a conversation_n but_o rather_o contain_v yourselves_o whether_o trouble_v or_o rejoice_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o modesty_n mingle_v not_o heaven_n and_o earthâ—_n let_v not_o all_o thing_n be_v fill_v with_o your_o oath_n and_o clamour_n if_o you_o affirm_v orderly_o a_o thing_n let_v it_o be_v with_o calmness_n and_o a_o mere_a affirmation_n or_o negation_n but_o if_o either_o of_o these_o passion_n be_v more_o impetuous_a and_o strive_v to_o overflow_v the_o narrow_a channel_n of_o your_o bosom_n it_o will_v be_v your_o wisdom_n to_o let_v it_o forth_o unto_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n do_v you_o demand_v by_o what_o mean_n i_o will_v tell_v you_o be_v any_o among_o you_o afflict_v let_v not_o his_o impatience_n break_v forth_o into_o oath_n and_o blasphemy_n the_o floodgate_n of_o wrath_n but_o rather_o let_v he_o pray_v and_o humble_o implore_v god_n that_o he_o will_v vouchsafe_v he_o patience_n till_o his_o heavy_a hand_n be_v remove_v be_v any_o merry_a let_v he_o not_o bellow_v it_o forth_o in_o oath_n like_o a_o bacchanalian_a but_o rather_o sing_v it_o in_o hymn_n and_o psalm_n unto_o the_o praise_n of_o god_n who_o have_v make_v his_o cup_n to_o overflow_v and_o crown_v he_o with_o happy_a day_n if_o any_o man_n admit_v not_o this_o latitude_n unto_o the_o apostle_n word_n let_v he_o use_v his_o own_o judgement_n i_o have_v only_o express_v that_o which_o i_o think_v probable_a and_o give_v no_o man_n law_n but_o to_o return_v if_o i_o have_v digress_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o word_n of_o james_n altogether_o condemn_v that_o evil_a custom_n which_o be_v now_o grow_v among_o high_a and_o low_o man_n of_o all_o sort_n inveterate_a it_o will_v cost_v i_o many_o leaf_n to_o sum_n up_o that_o which_o have_v be_v declare_v against_o this_o impious_a use_n by_o holy_a father_n ancient_a doctor_n of_o all_o nation_n hebrew_n greek_n latin_n yea_o even_a heathen_n of_o many_o take_v a_o few_o sirach_n the_o wise_a of_o the_o hebrew_n accustom_v not_o thy_o mouth_n to_o swear_v as_o a_o servant_n that_o be_v continual_o beat_v shall_v not_o be_v without_o a_o blue_a mark_n so_o he_o that_o swear_v and_o name_v god_n continual_o shall_v not_o be_v faultless_a a_o man_n that_o use_v much_o swear_v shall_v be_v fill_v with_o iniquity_n among_o the_o greek_n eusebius_n the_o heathen_a philosopher_n many_o say_v he_o exhort_v man_n to_o swear_v the_o truth_n but_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o man_n ought_v not_o easy_o to_o swear_v at_o all_o among_o the_o latin_n augustine_n beware_v of_o oath_n as_o much_o as_o you_o may_v because_o it_o be_v better_a not_o to_o swear_v though_o a_o truth_n not_o that_o it_o be_v sin_n to_o swear_v truth_n but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o most_o grievous_a one_o to_o swear_v falsehood_n into_o which_o he_o may_v the_o soon_o fall_v who_o accustome_v himself_o to_o swear_v and_o in_o another_o place_n a_o false_a oath_n be_v destructive_a and_o even_o a_o true_a one_o dangerous_a but_o what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o other_o testimony_n see_v this_o daily_a and_o unnecessary_a use_n of_o swear_v be_v so_o positive_o forbid_v as_o scarce_o any_o thing_n more_o in_o holy_a scripture_n by_o christ_n himself_o but_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o swear_v 34._o not_o at_o all_o and_o by_o his_o apostle_n st._n james_n in_o the_o place_n cite_v above_o all_o thing_n swear_v not_o sect_n xii_o the_o three_o conclusion_n a_o oath_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v make_v but_o upon_o a_o just_a weighty_a and_o necessary_a occasion_n a_o oath_n be_v of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v neither_o evil_n in_o themselves_o as_o murder_v sacrilege_n perjury_n and_o all_o other_o vice_n be_v nor_o of_o those_o which_o be_v desirable_a of_o themselves_o as_o deed_n of_o charity_n justice_n obedience_n and_o all_o other_o virtue_n but_o of_o such_o as_o be_v good_a only_o because_o necessary_a by_o hypothesis_n and_o for_o their_o end_n and_o not_o desirable_a but_o in_o order_n unto_o that_o end_n of_o which_o sort_n be_v all_o those_o which_o be_v ordain_v for_o the_o redress_n of_o some_o defect_n as_o physic_n for_o as_o a_o medicine_n be_v not_o invent_v for_o itself_o but_o for_o health_n and_o as_o there_o will_v be_v no_o use_n thereof_o if_o man_n body_n be_v not_o obnoxious_a unto_o disease_n honour_n the_o physician_n for_o necessity_n sake_n so_o a_o oath_n be_v institute_v for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o faith_n among_o man_n nor_o will_v be_v of_o any_o use_n if_o mankind_n be_v not_o alas_o too_o subject_a unto_o ignorance_n and_o perfidy_n which_o perhaps_o be_v our_o saviour_n meaning_n by_o those_o word_n matth._n 5._o 37._o come_v of_o evil_a wherefore_o as_o the_o use_n of_o physic_n where_o it_o seem_v not_o necessary_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o life_n and_o health_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v so_o oath_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v avoid_v where_o necessary_a preservation_n of_o humane_a society_n and_o confirmation_n of_o faith_n seem_v not_o to_o require_v they_o that_o admonition_n of_o epictetus_n as_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o stoic_a be_v wholesome_a avoid_v a_o oath_n if_o you_o can_v whole_o if_o not_o as_o much_o you_o may_v a_o oath_n be_v a_o sacred_a thing_n but_o by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o sacred_a by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o dangerous_a if_o undue_o take_v as_o medicine_n of_o the_o great_a virtue_n and_o efficacy_n be_v the_o more_o hurtful_a unto_o the_o body_n if_o rash_o and_o unskilful_o administer_v the_o use_n of_o assertory_n oath_n be_v necessary_a in_o commonwealth_n especial_o in_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o the_o investigation_n of_o truth_n in_o matter_n of_o particular_a fact_n whereunto_o belong_v oath_n witness_n compurgator_n etc._n etc._n in_o extrajudiciall_a and_o private_a business_n it_o be_v not_o so_o frequent_a yet_o it_o may_v be_v sometime_o necessary_a to_o wit_n where_o it_o concern_v a_o man_n very_o much_o to_o be_v believe_v and_o he_o can_v be_v believe_v except_o he_o swear_v the_o promissory_a oath_n be_v of_o no_o use_n in_o justice_n but_o of_o very_o great_a in_o extrajudicials_n both_o public_a and_o private_a first_o public_a to_o keep_v subject_n in_o allegiance_n unto_o their_o prince_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o league_n and_o contract_n of_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n for_o the_o observation_n of_o law_n and_o statute_n and_o consequent_o honour_n order_n and_o peace_n of_o politic_a body_n and_o society_n for_o the_o faithful_a administration_n of_o public_a office_n and_o the_o like_a and_o also_o private_a as_o the_o ancient_n often_o use_v it_o for_o establishment_n of_o contract_n performance_n of_o condition_n between_o buyer_n and_o seller_n payment_n of_o debt_n restitution_n loan_z profit_n trust_n etc._n etc._n but_o in_o most_o matter_n of_o private_a concernment_n other_o way_n may_v be_v take_v with_o less_o scruple_n of_o conscience_n and_o better_a assurance_n against_o the_o perfidy_n of_o wicked_a man_n as_o pawn_n feoffee_n bond_n witness_n and_o other_o judicial_a obligation_n and_o where_o such_o may_v be_v convenient_o use_v it_o be_v best_o to_o abstain_v altogether_o from_o oath_n lest_o by_o frequent_a swear_n and_o upon_o slight_a occasion_n the_o too_o familiar_a use_n of_o a_o thing_n so_o sacred_a degenerate_a into_o contempt_n or_o while_o we_o practise_v swear_v we_o learn_v perjury_n augustine_n say_v true_o except_o a_o man_n have_v try_v he_o can_v know_v how_o hard_o a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o shake_v off_o the_o custom_n of_o swear_v and_o not_o to_o do_v that_o rash_o which_o sometime_o he_o must_v do_v necessary_o sect_n xiii_o the_o four_o conclusion_n it_o be_v a_o grievous_a sin_n undue_o to_o exact_v a_o oath_n now_o he_o exact_v undue_o first_o who_o compel_v another_o to_o take_v a_o oath_n which_o be_v neither_o ordain_v by_o the_o law_n nor_o receive_v by_o custom_n nor_o establish_v by_o undenyed_a prescription_n without_o intermission_n second_o who_o exact_v a_o oath_n evident_o repugnant_a or_o which_o seem_v by_o that_o sense_n which_o the_o word_n bear_v according_a to_o their_o use_n in_o
who_o confound_v i_o if_o i_o do_v it_o not_o that_o i_o will_v do_v this_o or_o that_o but_o ordinary_o either_o this_o or_o that_o part_n be_v omit_v and_o oath_n be_v more_o succinct_o give_v as_o by_o those_o example_n in_o holy_a scripture_n where_o god_n be_v introduce_v swear_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n be_v sufficient_o manifest_a there_o you_o may_v find_v god_n swear_v sometime_o by_o a_o simple_a attestation_n without_o any_o execration_n as_o in_o these_o as_o i_o live_v say_v the_o lord_n i_o have_v wear_v by_o myself_o by_o my_o holiness_n etc._n etc._n sometime_o without_o any_o attestation_n by_o a_o execration_n only_o but_o that_o too_o for_o the_o honour_n and_o reverence_n of_o so_o great_a a_o majesty_n and_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n almost_o suppress_v by_o a_o aposiopesis_fw-la word_n of_o ill_a omen_n elliptical_o and_o diminute_o utter_v as_o in_o that_o of_o the_o psalm_n i_o swear_v in_o my_o wrath_n if_o they_o enter_v 95._o into_o my_o rest_n this_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n seem_v certain_a that_o every_o promissory_a oath_n under_o what_o form_n soever_o conceive_v brief_a or_o large_a so_o it_o be_v a_o oath_n and_o no_o mere_a asseveration_n or_o obtestation_n virtual_o contain_v both_o that_o be_v to_o say_v attestation_n and_o execration_n for_o in_o a_o oath_n both_o execration_n suppose_v attestation_n as_o the_v before_o it_o in_o nature_n and_o attestation_n inter_v execration_n as_o its_o necessary_a consequent_a that_o of_o plutarch_n be_v â—â—thy_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d every_o oath_n concude_v with_o a_o curse_n of_o perjury_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o promissory_a oath_n sect_n xi_o it_o remain_v that_o in_o the_o last_o place_n i_o add_v something_o of_o the_o nature_n and_o force_n of_o obligation_n of_o obligation_n lawyer_n say_v much_o and_o with_o prolixity_n enough_o they_o define_v it_o to_o be_v a_o bond_n of_o law_n whereby_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v that_o which_o he_o owe_v which_o definition_n will_v be_v no_o least_o fit_a to_o explain_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v internal_a and_o appertain_v unto_o the_o court_n of_o conscience_n than_o those_o which_o be_v external_a and_o appertain_v to_o the_o court_n of_o judicature_n whether_o in_o church_n or_o in_o commonwealth_n if_o the_o term_n of_o law_n be_v not_o restrain_v to_o that_o which_o be_v humane_a and_o positive_a only_o but_o so_o extend_v as_o it_o take_v in_o also_o universal_a law_n divine_a and_o natural_a now_o since_o every_o obligatory_a bond_n as_o may_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o definition_n derive_v itself_o from_o some_o law_n as_o the_o law_n be_v twofold_a the_o one_o part_n divine_a and_o natural_a the_o other_o civil_a and_o humane_a so_o the_o bond_n or_o obligation_n arise_v from_o thence_o be_v also_o twofold_a to_o wit_n the_o natural_a bond_n which_o oblige_v natural_o and_o in_o foro_fw-la externo_fw-la by_o the_o virtue_n of_o divine_a law_n and_o the_o civil_a bond_n which_o oblige_v civil_o and_o in_o foro_fw-la externo_fw-la by_o virtue_n of_o humane_a law_n some_o call_v that_o the_o obligation_n of_o equity_n this_o the_o obligation_n of_o justice_n whether_o proper_o or_o improper_o i_o dispute_v not_o for_o where_o we_o agree_v in_o the_o thing_n to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o to_o contend_v about_o the_o term_n but_o whereas_o they_o add_v a_o three_o kind_n of_o obligation_n compound_v of_o the_o former_a two_o that_o certain_o be_v not_o very_o convenient_a or_o at_o the_o least_o not_o necessary_a for_o if_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o same_o duty_n as_o for_o example_n to_o feed_v his_o age_a parent_n both_o by_o natural_a law_n and_o civil_a this_o will_v be_v no_o new_a species_n of_o obligation_n mix_v of_o the_o other_o two_o but_o rather_o two_o obligation_n conjoin_v both_o in_o the_o subject_n and_o object_n in_o the_o subject_n for_o as_o much_o as_o they_o bind_v the_o same_o person_n and_o in_o the_o object_n forasmuch_o as_o they_o bind_v unto_o the_o same_o duty_n and_o yet_o natural_o and_o original_o distinct_a the_o reason_n be_v manifest_a for_o thing_n can_v by_o their_o mixture_n produce_v a_o new_a species_n without_o some_o real_a immutation_n of_o themselves_o whence_o aristotle_n define_v mistion_n misoibilium_fw-la alteratorum_fw-la unionem_fw-la for_o in_o all_o mistion_n there_o must_v be_v alteration_n and_o every_o alteration_n be_v a_o real_a mutation_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o generation_n of_o mix_a body_n out_o of_o the_o four_o element_n not_o entire_a but_o break_v and_o alter_v but_o where_o a_o new_a obligation_n be_v add_v unto_o a_o former_a one_o as_o in_o this_o case_n the_o civil_a to_o the_o natural_a no_o real_a mutation_n be_v make_v of_o either_o but_o the_o former_a obligation_n remain_v in_o the_o same_o state_n it_o be_v in_o before_o the_o accession_n of_o the_o new_a and_o latter_a but_o i_o will_v not_o stay_v upon_o these_o subtlety_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o oath_n we_o consider_v the_o morâ—ll_n or_o natural_a obligation_n only_o or_o at_o the_o least_o especial_o the_o other_o the_o civil_a we_o leave_v to_o lawyer_n sect_n xii_o beside_o that_o distinction_n of_o obligation_n which_o arise_v from_o its_o original_a in_o relation_n unto_o the_o law_n whence_o it_o derive_v there_o be_v yet_o another_o take_v from_o the_o object_n in_o relation_n unto_o the_o debt_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o which_o obligation_n aim_v and_o whereunto_o it_o be_v carry_v now_o debt_n be_v twofold_a debitum_fw-la officii_fw-la according_a unto_o which_o every_o man_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n to_o act_v and_o debitum_fw-la supplicii_fw-la according_a to_o which_o every_o man_n be_v bind_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o law_n to_o suffer_v if_o he_o neglect_v his_o duty_n in_o the_o former_a sense_n we_o say_v that_o the_o mutual_a exercise_n of_o charity_n be_v a_o debt_n because_o the_o law_n of_o god_n enjoin_v it_o according_a to_o that_o rom._n 13._o 8._o owe_v no_o man_n any_o thing_n but_o to_o lov_v one_o another_o in_o the_o latter_a sense_n we_o say_v that_o sin_n be_v debt_n as_o in_o the_o lord_n prayer_n forgive_v we_o our_o debt_n and_o that_o external_a death_n be_v a_o debt_n according_a to_o that_o rom._n 6._o 23._o the_o wage_n of_o sin_n be_v death_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o latter_a debt_n be_v contract_v by_o nonpayment_n of_o the_o former_a so_o that_o if_o a_o man_n full_o disengage_v his_o debitum_fw-la officiâ—â—_n by_o obey_v what_o the_o law_n command_v he_o remain_v not_o bind_v debito_fw-la supplicâ—i_fw-la to_o suffer_v that_o which_o the_o law_n denounce_v to_o this_o twofold_a debt_n answer_v a_o twofold_a obligation_n of_o the_o very_a same_o denomination_n to_o wit_n obligation_n ad_fw-la officium_fw-la to_o the_o performance_n of_o duty_n and_o obligation_n ad_fw-la supplicium_fw-la to_o the_o sufferance_n of_o punishment_n or_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a term_n which_o come_v all_o to_o one_o obligation_n to_o guilt_n and_o obligation_n to_o punishment_n but_o so_o as_o the_o former_a be_v in_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o law_n as_o it_o be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n chief_a and_o prefer_v before_o the_o latter_a for_o it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o tyrant_n not_o of_o the_o law_n otherwise_o to_o inflict_v punishment_n then_o in_o relation_n to_o guilâ—_n and_o that_o speech_n of_o the_o apostle_n be_v true_a even_o in_o this_o sense_n though_o perhaps_o more_o right_o to_o be_v understand_v in_o another_o the_o law_n be_v not_o make_v for_o a_o righteous_a man_n the_o law_n therefore_o intend_v primary_o direct_o pierce_v and_o simple_o to_o oblige_v unto_o duty_n and_o obedience_n but_o unto_o chastisement_n and_o punishment_n it_o oblige_v only_o secondary_o indirect_o consequent_o and_o ex_fw-la hypothesi_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v suppose_v the_o neglect_n or_o contempt_n of_o duâ—y_n the_o apostle_n seem_v to_o have_v join_v both_o these_o obligation_n together_o in_o rom._n 13._o where_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o subjection_n due_a unto_o the_o sovereign_a power_n yâ—â—_n must_v needs_o say_v he_o be_v subject_a not_o only_o for_o wrath_n but_o also_o for_o conscrence_n sake_n from_o which_o word_n i_o gather_v three_o thing_n of_o concernment_n to_o my_o present_a intention_n the_o first_o be_v that_o we_o may_v be_v bind_v by_o a_o double_a bond_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n by_o the_o bond_n of_o duty_n and_o the_o bond_n of_o punishment_n for_o this_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o word_n of_o conscience_n and_o wrath_n the_o second_o that_o the_o conscience_n of_o duty_n ought_v with_o all_o good_a man_n to_o be_v value_v and_o prefer_v before_o the_o fear_n of_o punishment_n the_o three_o that_o the_o obligation_n of_o conscience_n arise_v
nothing_o be_v vain_a hope_n and_o to_o the_o present_a point_n he_o who_o promise_v any_o thing_n to_o come_v certain_o to_o pass_v take_v the_o name_n of_o god_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o truth_n which_o nevertheless_o come_v all_o to_o nothing_o that_o either_o not_o intend_v or_o not_o perform_v which_o he_o promise_v the_o same_o direct_o and_o to_o the_o letter_n take_v the_o name_n of_o god_n in_o vain_a violate_v god_n commandment_n and_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o heinous_a crime_n of_o perjury_n and_o thus_o you_o have_v a_o sufficient_a confirmation_n of_o the_o first_o hypothesis_n concern_v the_o simplicity_n of_o oath_n sect_n viii_o the_o second_o follow_v which_o be_v of_o kin_n to_o this_o and_o appertain_v to_o the_o right_a interpretation_n of_o a_o oath_n brief_o it_o be_v this_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v stricti_fw-la juris_fw-la i_o understand_v here_o jus_o strictum_fw-la not_o in_o that_o sense_n wherein_o it_o occur_v so_o often_o among_o lawyer_n for_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v oppose_v to_o equity_n to_o wit_n by_o which_o judgement_n be_v turn_v 12._o into_o wormwood_n and_o which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n so_o interweave_v with_o injury_n that_o it_o be_v almost_o become_v a_o proverb_n summum_fw-la jus_o summa_fw-la injuria_fw-la but_o somewhat_o more_o mild_o for_o so_o just_a a_o interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o so_o circumscribe_v to_o her_o bound_n that_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n be_v not_o stretch_v far_o then_o be_v fit_a by_o way_n of_o complacence_n or_o favour_n to_o any_o party_n or_o force_v to_o serve_v any_o man_n turn_n or_o profit_n in_o a_o word_n strictum_fw-la jus_o be_v here_o so_o take_v as_o may_v not_o exclude_v the_o interpretation_n of_o law_n temper_v with_o equity_n but_o exclude_v the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n corrupt_v with_o favour_n now_o see_v to_o interpret_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o expound_v a_o thing_n wherein_o there_o lie_v some_o ambiguity_n or_o obscurity_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o a_o threefold_a interpretation_n or_o exposition_n may_v be_v give_v of_o the_o same_o thing_n rigid_a favourable_a just_a rigid_a and_o favourable_a be_v the_o extreme_n and_o as_o most_o extreme_n be_v vicious_a and_o as_o there_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o certain_a coincidence_n of_o extreme_n but_o so_o unhappy_a a_o one_o see_v they_o recede_v both_o way_n from_o the_o medium_n that_o they_o ever_o meet_v in_o that_o which_o be_v ill_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o that_o which_o iâ—_n worst_a too_o rigid_a and_o too_o favourable_a a_o interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n meet_v in_o this_o that_o each_o of_o they_o by_o a_o unjust_a acceptation_n of_o person_n offer_v in_o a_o manner_n violence_n unto_o the_o law_n wrack_a it_o with_o too_o subtle_a a_o exposition_n to_o the_o ease_n of_o one_o party_n and_o grievance_n of_o the_o other_o but_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o he_o who_o be_v animate_v with_o hatred_n to_o the_o party_n press_v the_o more_o rigid_a interpretation_n and_o he_o who_o be_v lead_v with_o affection_n follow_v the_o more_o favourable_a but_o a_o mean_a between_o both_o and_o just_a interpretation_n be_v that_o which_o without_o respect_n of_o person_n investigateâ—h_v the_o true_a and_o genuine_a sense_n of_o the_o law_n out_o of_o natural_a equity_n and_o justice_n and_o the_o word_n themselves_o as_o far_o as_o they_o agree_v with_o equity_n and_o justice_n and_o this_o if_o out_o of_o the_o word_n it_o may_v sufficient_o appear_v be_v in_o all_o case_n exact_o to_o be_v follow_v but_o because_o it_o may_v happen_v and_o often_o happen_v that_o controversy_n arise_v about_o the_o proper_a and_o natural_a sense_n of_o law_n and_o other_o matter_n which_o need_v interpretation_n where_o for_o the_o dubiousnesse_n of_o the_o thing_n a_o just_a interpretation_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v of_o necessity_n we_o must_v allow_v unto_o this_o mediocrity_n as_o i_o may_v call_v it_o her_o prudentiall_a latitude_n as_o the_o ethic_n say_v that_o the_o mediocrity_n of_o virtue_n consist_v not_o in_o a_o indivisible_a point_n or_o arithmetical_a proportion_n but_o in_o a_o geometrical_a in_o a_o law_n therefore_o which_o be_v doubtful_a now_o a_o strict_a now_o a_o mild_a interpretation_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o question_n supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o just_a interpretation_n whereof_o the_o strict_a be_v remote_a from_o the_o favourable_a come_v near_a to_o the_o rigid_a and_o the_o mild_a be_v near_a to_o the_o favourable_a decline_v the_o more_o from_o the_o rigid_a as_o in_o the_o moral_n that_o virtue_n which_o be_v the_o mean_a between_o covetousness_n and_o prodigality_n the_o more_o remote_a it_o be_v from_o either_o extreme_a be_v call_v liberality_n or_o frugality_n there_o be_v therefore_o some_o thing_n so_o ordain_v by_o nature_n that_o they_o require_v as_o due_a the_o allowance_n of_o a_o mild_a interpretation_n to_o wit_n such_o a_o one_o as_o may_v not_o be_v bind_v up_o in_o the_o straightness_n of_o word_n but_o leave_v more_o at_o liberty_n to_o use_v cicero_n term_n cum_fw-la quodam_fw-la laxamento_fw-la such_o for_o example_n be_v res_fw-la testamentaria_fw-la in_o our_o law_n so_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o charity_n the_o word_n and_o deed_n of_o other_o especial_o of_o prince_n parent_n and_o other_o ruler_n the_o write_n also_o of_o pious_a and_o learned_a man_n unless_o there_o lie_v very_o just_a cause_n of_o suspicion_n to_o the_o contrary_a be_v to_o be_v handle_v with_o a_o mild_a interpretation_n according_a to_o the_o usual_a say_n doubtful_a thing_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v in_o the_o better_a sense_n but_o there_o be_v divers_a other_o matter_n as_o privilege_n deed_n of_o contract_n about_o debt_n and_o most_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o bind_v legal_o and_o among_o they_o oath_n in_o which_o when_o question_n be_v make_v of_o the_o true_a sense_n it_o be_v much_o better_o and_o more_o suitable_a unto_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o use_v the_o strict_a than_o the_o mild_a interpretation_n sâ—ct_n ix_o when_o i_o say_v therefore_o that_o a_o oath_n be_v stricti_fw-la juris_fw-la that_o must_v be_v thus_o understand_v the_o sense_n of_o a_o oath_n where_o it_o be_v sufficient_o manifest_a in_o the_o word_n be_v exact_o to_o be_v stand_v unto_o but_o where_o the_o sense_n be_v doubtful_a we_o must_v take_v diligent_a heed_n lest_o we_o be_v too_o indulgent_a unto_o ourselves_o and_o our_o own_o affection_n or_o yield_v unto_o ourselves_o too_o free_a and_o loose_v a_o licence_n of_o interpretation_n whereby_o we_o may_v become_v exempt_a from_o the_o bond_n of_o the_o oath_n in_o which_o we_o be_v bind_v as_o also_o that_o for_o our_o own_o interest_n and_o profit_n sake_n we_o impose_v not_o upon_o the_o oath_n which_o we_o have_v take_v or_o any_o part_n thereof_o other_o sense_n then_o that_o which_o any_o other_o pious_a and_o prudent_a man_n who_o be_v unconcern_v in_o the_o business_n be_v of_o aâ—freer_a judgement_n may_v easy_o gather_v out_o of_o the_o word_n themselves_o the_o reason_n be_v twofold_a one_o in_o respect_n of_o other_o to_o wit_n for_o the_o fear_n of_o scandal_n lest_o a_o weak_a brother_n lead_v by_o our_o example_n think_v it_o lawful_a for_o he_o to_o do_v as_o he_o see_v we_o have_v do_v though_o he_o be_v ignorant_a of_o those_o subtlety_n by_o which_o alone_o we_o use_v to_o absolve_v our_o self_n from_o the_o crime_n of_o perjury_n another_o in_o respect_n of_o ourselves_o for_o fear_v of_o perjury_n of_o which_o heinous_a crime_n we_o become_v without_o question_n guilty_a if_o that_o mild_a interpretation_n which_o encourage_v we_o unto_o the_o oath_n chance_v to_o deceive_v we_o and_o this_o reason_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o most_o general_a and_o profitable_a rule_n which_o in_o doubtful_a matter_n command_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o safe_a part_n but_o where_o the_o word_n of_o the_o oath_n propose_v according_a to_o the_o common_a and_o obvious_a sense_n of_o they_o seem_v to_o contain_v some_o unlawful_a thing_n it_o be_v safe_a not_o to_o swear_v then_o by_o a_o loose_a interpretation_n so_o to_o work_v they_o unto_o our_o sense_n that_o we_o may_v more_o secure_o swear_v unto_o they_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n may_v be_v refuse_v without_o danger_n of_o perjury_n but_o not_o apparent_a that_o it_o may_v be_v take_v without_o fear_n or_o danger_n of_o the_o same_o sect_n x._o nevertheless_o heed_n be_v to_o be_v take_v on_o the_o other_o side_n lest_o this_o strict_a interpretation_n whereof_o we_o speak_v degenerate_a into_o the_o rigid_a one_o for_o that_o which_o the_o lawyer_n say_v of_o privilege_n hold_v general_o in_o thing_n of_o like_a nature_n and_o especial_o in_o oath_n that_o they_o be_v neither_o too_o strict_o
for_o the_o violation_n of_o his_o faith_n now_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n oblige_v the_o party_n swear_v if_o he_o can_v make_v all_o good_a to_o make_v good_a all_o he_o can_v and_o if_o great_a damage_n happen_v unto_o the_o other_o through_o non-performance_n of_o his_o oath_n to_o apply_v a_o remedy_n to_o it_o at_o the_o least_o in_o part_n by_o some_o other_o benefit_n as_o opportunity_n may_v enable_v he_o especial_o if_o the_o obstacle_n happen_v by_o his_o negligence_n want_v of_o prudence_n or_o other_o fault_n commit_v and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o first_o doubt_n sect_n vi_o the_o second_o about_o a_o oath_n of_o a_o necessary_a thing_n follow_v by_o a_o necessary_a thing_n i_o understand_v that_o which_o lie_v upon_o we_o in_o respect_n of_o our_o duty_n by_o virtue_n of_o divine_a precept_n and_o even_o without_o a_o oath_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o if_o we_o do_v not_o though_o without_o a_o oath_n perform_v the_o same_o in_o due_a time_n and_o place_n we_o become_v guilty_a of_o sin_n such_o be_v to_o feed_v our_o needy_a parent_n to_o pay_v our_o debt_n and_o the_o like_a whereunto_o belong_v those_o oath_n require_v from_o the_o subject_n of_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n and_o of_o acknowledgement_n and_o defence_n of_o his_o royal_a supremacy_n which_o be_v take_v in_o conceive_a word_n by_o such_o as_o be_v admit_v unto_o the_o magistracy_n or_o any_o public_a office_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v faithful_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o same_o of_o the_o obligation_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n there_o can_v be_v no_o controversy_n for_o unto_o those_o thing_n whereunto_o we_o be_v bind_v even_o without_o a_o oath_n certain_o we_o be_v much_o more_o oblige_v by_o a_o oath_n to_o wit_n the_o new_a obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v add_v unto_o that_o before_o by_o a_o precept_n wherefore_o we_o will_v stay_v no_o long_o upon_o this_o doubt_n sect_n vii_o the_o three_o doubt_n be_v concern_v a_o oath_n of_o a_o unlawful_a thing_n i_o call_v that_o a_o unlawful_a thing_n which_o can_v be_v do_v without_o sin_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v contrary_a unto_o some_o divine_a precept_n all_o sin_n be_v averse_a unto_o the_o law_n of_o god_n now_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n be_v so_o unlawful_a that_o not_o only_o the_o party_n swear_v but_o he_o also_o by_o who_o authority_n counsel_n or_o other_o mean_n a_o man_n be_v compel_v or_o inveigle_v so_o to_o swear_v commit_v sin_n but_o of_o the_o party_n compel_v i_o shall_v perhaps_o speak_v hereafter_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o party_n so_o swear_v commit_v sin_n whether_o he_o intend_v to_o do_v as_o he_o swear_v or_o intend_v it_o not_o if_o he_o intend_v to_o do_v it_o he_o sin_v in_o willing_a a_o unlawful_a thing_n and_o so_o swear_v not_o in_o justice_n if_o he_o intend_v it_o not_o he_o sin_v in_o lie_v and_o so_o swear_v not_o in_o truth_n but_o whether_o he_o intend_v it_o or_o not_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o he_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a oblige_v it_o come_v indeed_o very_a often_o to_o pass_v so_o contemptuous_a be_v man_n of_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n that_o through_o â—impatience_n of_o revenge_n fear_v of_o danger_n hope_v of_o profit_n importunity_n of_o friend_n a_o kind_n of_o awe_n or_o complacence_n or_o some_o other_o occasion_n many_o be_v induce_v while_o they_o indulge_v too_o much_o unto_o their_o own_o affection_n to_o promise_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o god_n the_o performance_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o they_o either_o at_o the_o present_n know_v certain_o to_o be_v unlawful_a or_o at_o least_o afterward_o when_o they_o be_v free_a from_o their_o deprave_a affection_n easy_o perceive_v impossible_a without_o sin_n to_o be_v accomplish_v and_o yet_o such_o be_v the_o perverseness_n of_o humane_a judgement_n bewitch_v with_o the_o trick_n and_o delusion_n of_o that_o skilful_a artificer_n in_o this_o art_n the_o devil_n that_o you_o shall_v see_v many_o who_o you_o can_v by_o any_o duty_n of_o conscience_n compel_v unto_o a_o good_a action_n nevertheless_o so_o violent_o carry_v by_o the_o religion_n of_o a_o oath_n unto_o wicked_a action_n that_o what_o they_o have_v unlawful_o swear_v they_o think_v themselves_o through_o a_o most_o pernicious_a error_n oblige_v by_o the_o bond_n of_o their_o oath_n irresistible_o to_o accomplish_v but_o it_o have_v be_v show_v before_o in_o our_o five_o hypothesis_n and_o confirm_v by_o manifest_a reason_n that_o of_o a_o unlawful_a thing_n as_o unlawful_a there_o can_v be_v no_o obligation_n and_o that_o evil_a can_v receive_v no_o validity_n from_o a_o oath_n sect_n viii_o which_o that_o it_o may_v be_v the_o better_o understand_v and_o apply_v unto_o the_o particular_a case_n see_v that_o all_o unlawful_a thing_n be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o degree_n i_o think_v that_o it_o will_v be_v fit_a that_o i_o speak_v somewhat_o more_o distinct_o of_o this_o matter_n whatsoever_o therefore_o be_v unlawful_a be_v unlawful_a either_o ex_fw-la se_fw-la or_o ex_fw-la accident_n again_o that_o which_o be_v unlawful_a ex_fw-la se_fw-la be_v so_o either_o primary_o or_o secondary_o thing_n unlawful_a ex_fw-la se_fw-la primarid_fw-la and_o in_o the_o high_a degree_n be_v such_o as_o be_v forbid_v by_o god_n unto_o all_o mankind_n whatsoever_o be_v against_o the_o sacred_a law_n of_o god_n comprehend_v in_o the_o two_o table_n of_o the_o decalogue_n whatsoever_o be_v repugnant_a either_o to_o our_o piety_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n or_o brotherly_a charity_n in_o the_o work_n of_o justice_n and_o mercy_n be_v after_o this_o manner_n unlawful_a and_o concern_v a_o thing_n in_o this_o first_o manner_n unlawful_a be_v the_o first_o case_n as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v swear_v that_o he_o will_v sacrifice_v unto_o i_o doll_n or_o adore_v the_o image_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n which_o be_v sin_n of_o commission_n or_o if_o he_o shall_v swear_v never_o to_o be_v present_a at_o divine_a ordinance_n or_o hear_v holy_a sermon_n or_o participate_v of_o the_o lord_n supper_n or_o sanctify_v the_o lord_n day_n which_o be_v sin_n of_o omission_n against_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o first_o table_n or_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v swear_v to_o kill_v his_o father_n or_o cast_v his_o new_a bear_a child_n out_o of_o door_n or_o meet_v a_o adulteress_n at_o a_o appoint_a place_n and_o hour_n to_o accompany_v other_o in_o theft_n robbery_n fraud_n or_o any_o the_o like_a crime_n which_o be_v sin_n of_o commission_n or_o if_o he_o shall_v swear_v not_o to_o relieve_v his_o age_a and_o needy_a father_n to_o give_v alm_n unto_o the_o poor_a not_o to_o pay_v his_o debt_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v sin_n of_o omission_n against_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o second_o table_n in_o these_o and_o such_o like_a thing_n simple_o and_o universal_o unlawful_a the_o forementioned_a hypothesis_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o be_v likewise_o simple_o and_o universal_o of_o force_n and_o vigour_n to_o wit_n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o obligation_n in_o such_o a_o vow_n promise_n oath_n either_o in_o its_o self_n or_o otherwise_o acquire_v pacta_fw-la quae_fw-la turpem_fw-la causam_fw-la continent_n non_fw-la sunt_fw-la observanda_fw-la say_v the_o lawyer_n nay_o though_o it_o be_v a_o grievous_a sin_n to_o vow_n swear_v bargain_n or_o otherwise_o to_o promise_v a_o thing_n general_o unlawful_a yet_o be_v the_o sin_n in_o perform_v the_o promise_n much_o great_a which_o whosoever_o do_v make_v himself_o guilty_a of_o a_o double_a crime_n one_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n with_o the_o fact_n consider_v in_o its_o self_n put_v the_o case_n it_o be_v theft_n or_o murder_n another_o of_o violate_a religion_n through_o irreverence_n and_o abuse_v of_o the_o divine_a name_n forasmuch_o as_o a_o evil_a thing_n be_v establish_v as_o far_o as_o lie_v in_o his_o power_n by_o his_o authority_n sect_n ix_o the_o second_o case_n be_v of_o a_o thing_n unlawful_a ex_fw-la se_fw-la secundarid_fw-la that_o be_v not_o in_o its_o own_o nature_n unlawful_a to_o all_o but_o to_o some_o only_a according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o their_o person_n as_o they_o be_v member_n of_o some_o community_n or_o according_a to_o their_o particular_a vocation_n for_o it_o be_v unlawful_a and_o that_o ex_fw-la se_fw-la not_o ex_fw-la accident_n only_o for_o such_o as_o be_v member_n of_o any_o politic_a body_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o their_o community_n which_o nevertheless_o as_o forbid_v by_o god_n be_v not_o primary_o immediate_o and_o in_o specie_fw-la unlawful_a but_o secondary_o mediate_o and_o in_o genere_fw-la by_o virtue_n of_o the_o general_a divine_a mandate_n which_o enjoin_v obedience_n unto_o rule_n in_o all_o lawful_a and_o honest_a thing_n it_o be_v also_o in_o the_o same_o degree_n very_o near_o and_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n unlawful_a for_o such_o
deliberate_a nor_o he_o who_o be_v not_o his_o own_o man_n but_o in_o the_o power_n of_o another_o make_v a_o steadfast_a and_o effectual_a promise_n sect_n ii_o wherefore_o the_o first_o doubt_n be_v how_o far_o the_o oath_n of_o a_o person_n not_o endue_v with_o the_o faculty_n of_o judgement_n oblige_v which_o defect_n see_v it_o may_v arise_v from_o divers_a cause_n divers_a case_n be_v therefore_o contain_v under_o this_o head_n the_o first_o be_v of_o child_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o attain_v unto_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n which_o at_o what_o time_n of_o their_o age_n it_o may_v happen_v be_v not_o nor_o do_v i_o think_v can_v be_v define_v see_v some_o be_v soon_o and_o some_o late_a ripe_a the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o municipal_a of_o most_o nation_n pitch_n upon_o certain_a year_n under_o which_o they_o admit_v not_o child_n either_o to_o take_v assertory_n oath_n or_o to_o be_v compel_v unto_o promissory_a such_o among_o we_o be_v the_o age_n of_o 16._o he_o who_o be_v young_a be_v neither_o admit_v to_o be_v a_o witness_n in_o judgement_n nor_o require_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n nay_o if_o he_o have_v take_v a_o oath_n it_o be_v nul_fw-fr in_o law_n this_o be_v right_n at_o the_o bar_n of_o justice_n not_o at_o the_o bar_n of_o conscience_n child_n shall_v be_v teach_v from_o their_o tender_a age_n by_o their_o parent_n and_o pupil_n by_o their_o tutor_n early_o to_o understand_v and_o due_o weigh_v the_o power_n and_o efficacy_n of_o a_o oath_n the_o guilt_n and_o punishment_n of_o perjury_n that_o they_o may_v beware_v the_o wicked_a custom_n of_o the_o one_o and_o horrid_a crime_n of_o the_o other_o for_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v imagine_v of_o what_o necessary_a or_o lawful_a use_n the_o oath_n of_o child_n shall_v be_v they_o be_v both_o unfit_a to_o judge_v and_o not_o in_o their_o own_o power_n unless_o parent_n in_o who_o power_n they_o be_v shall_v require_v it_o at_o their_o hand_n for_o the_o faithful_a performance_n of_o some_o command_n as_o fame_n report_v have_fw-mi ball_n about_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o age_n to_o have_v be_v set_v by_o his_o father_n amilcar_n before_o the_o altar_n during_o the_o time_n of_o sacrifice_n and_o there_o bind_v by_o oath_n to_o be_v a_o perpetual_a enemy_n to_o the_o roman_a name_n but_o oh_o shame_n what_o be_v become_v of_o domestic_a discipline_n among_o christian_n child_n scarce_o able_a to_o speak_v be_v hear_v in_o every_o street_n tear_v the_o sacred_a and_o dreadful_a name_n of_o god_n with_o profane_a lip_n and_o oath_n both_o without_o fear_n and_o punishment_n season_v with_o the_o abominable_a stench_n of_o which_o vice_n like_o new_a vessel_n it_o will_v hardly_o out_o when_o the_o cask_n become_v age_v and_o rot_a but_o i_o will_v not_o be_v carry_v away_o with_o the_o tide_n of_o grief_n and_o indignation_n i_o return_v to_o the_o point_n and_o say_v that_o oath_n of_o child_n before_o they_o attain_v to_o year_n as_o we_o call_v they_o of_o discretion_n or_o know_v what_o deceit_n be_v through_o defect_n of_o judgement_n be_v neither_o lawful_a nor_o obligatory_a but_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v capable_a of_o deceit_n and_o can_v in_o some_o though_o small_a measure_n understand_v what_o the_o nature_n and_o force_v of_o a_o oath_n be_v which_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o partâ—_n about_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o their_o age_n and_o early_o in_o many_o forward_a wit_n or_o such_o in_o who_o malice_n supply_v age_n the_o oath_n of_o a_o child_n though_o it_o be_v absolute_o unlawful_a unless_o that_o one_o case_n if_o a_o parent_n require_v it_o may_v be_v except_v be_v take_v oblige_v if_o there_o be_v in_o it_o no_o other_o impediment_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o a_o act_n in_o its_o own_o nature_n obligatory_a such_o as_o be_v the_o act_n of_o swear_v proceed_v from_o a_o mind_n endue_v in_o some_o sorâ—_n with_o the_o faculty_n of_o judge_v sect_n iii_o the_o second_o case_n be_v of_o the_o oath_n of_o mad_a man_n and_o the_o three_o of_o fool_n to_o who_o the_o vice_n of_o unseasonable_a belch_n forth_o of_o oath_n even_o when_o they_o think_v least_o upon_o it_o be_v familiar_a which_o although_o we_o may_v and_o god_n who_o be_v most_o merciful_a and_o expect_v not_o a_o harvest_n where_o he_o sow_v not_o perhaps_o will_v forbear_v to_o impute_v unto_o they_o for_o sin_n because_o it_o proceed_v from_o invincible_a error_n yet_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v of_o every_o oath_n and_o pronounce_v by_o our_o saviour_n that_o it_o come_v of_o evil_a from_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o devil_n and_o common_a corruption_n of_o man_n heart_n through_o which_o all_o the_o child_n of_o adam_n be_v inflexible_a unto_o good_a and_o wax_n unto_o all_o kind_n of_o wickedness_n to_o make_v a_o doubt_n whether_o such_o oath_n be_v lawful_a or_o unlawful_a be_v vain_a and_o useless_a for_o to_o weigh_v whether_o thing_n be_v lawful_a or_o unlawful_a belong_v to_o such_o only_a as_o can_v in_o some_o measure_n judge_n whether_o do_v or_o to_o be_v do_v they_o agree_v with_o their_o rule_n the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o right_a reason_n which_o law_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o plead_v unto_o such_o as_o be_v destitute_a of_o that_o faculty_n and_o void_a of_o understanding_n certain_o he_o who_o require_v reason_n of_o a_o mad_a man_n be_v mad_a with_o reason_n this_o kind_n of_o oath_n therefore_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v the_o act_n of_o a_o distract_a person_n be_v in_o no_o wise_a bind_n except_o otherwise_o frantic_a he_o enjoy_v his_o reason_n by_o lucid_a interval_n in_o which_o case_n it_o bind_v no_o less_o during_o the_o time_n he_o so_o enjoy_v the_o use_n of_o his_o reason_n than_o one_o make_v by_o a_o man_n of_o sound_n and_o repose_a judgement_n sect_n iv._o the_o four_o and_o five_o case_n be_v of_o oath_n make_v by_o man_n who_o be_v drink_v or_o in_o rage_n promise_a or_o threaten_v something_o which_o in_o sobriety_n and_o cool_a blood_n they_o will_v not_o have_v promise_v or_o threaten_v the_o reason_n of_o doubt_n be_v that_o whereas_o some_o judgement_n at_o the_o least_o of_o a_o deliberate_a mind_n be_v requisite_a to_o make_v a_o oath_n obligatory_a drunkenness_n and_o wrath_n which_o be_v but_o short_a fit_n of_o madness_n so_o perturb_v the_o judgement_n and_o for_o a_o time_n take_v away_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n that_o till_o the_o one_o have_v sleep_v and_o the_o other_o repose_v his_o mind_n neither_o seem_v much_o to_o differ_v from_o a_o mad_a man_n but_o of_o these_o oath_n this_o in_o the_o first_o place_n be_v certain_a that_o neither_o kind_n can_v be_v excuse_v of_o sin_n but_o whether_o drunkenness_n or_o the_o vehemency_n of_o anger_n aggravate_v the_o sin_n which_o be_v the_o act_n of_o swear_v or_o rather_o extenuate_v it_o all_o be_v not_o agree_v nor_o seem_v it_o possible_a to_o answer_v simple_o and_o sufficient_o unto_o this_o problem_n by_o a_o single_a affirmation_n see_v judgement_n in_o the_o point_n depend_v very_o much_o upon_o circumstance_n but_o be_v it_o as_o it_o will_v the_o question_n be_v not_o to_o this_o purpose_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o doubt_n show_v it_o to_o be_v unfit_a that_o a_o drunken_a or_o angry_a man_n shall_v swear_v at_o all_o because_o during_o that_o distemper_n he_o can_v swear_v in_o judgement_n but_o must_v necessary_o blab_v out_o whatsoever_o his_o wine_n or_o passion_n which_o be_v immoderate_a counsellor_n shall_v persuade_v and_o which_o in_o cool_a blood_n and_o sober_a he_o will_v give_v any_o thing_n be_v unsay_v or_o unsworn_a nevertheless_o we_o must_v distinguish_v of_o obligation_n for_o first_o the_o thing_n whereunto_o he_o swear_v be_v either_o unlawful_a or_o lawful_a and_o honest_a if_o unlawful_a as_o it_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n especial_o in_o oath_n which_o fall_v vehement_o from_o angry_a man_n blind_v with_o eagerness_n of_o revenge_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o they_o oblige_v not_o for_o it_o have_v be_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v that_o a_o unlawful_a thing_n be_v not_o obligatory_a wherefore_o it_o be_v prudent_o advise_v of_o abigail_n and_o pious_o follow_v by_o david_n when_o animate_v by_o the_o unworthy_a reproach_n of_o a_o ungrateful_a man_n he_o have_v swear_v the_o destruction_n of_o nabal_n and_o his_o whole_a family_n in_o that_o he_o dispense_v with_o his_o oath_n and_o withhold_v his_o hand_n from_o blood_n but_o if_o the_o thing_n swear_v be_v lawful_a as_o that_o often_o be_v which_o drunkard_n ostentatious_o promise_v than_o we_o must_v look_v second_o what_o and_o how_o great_a the_o excess_n of_o drunkenness_n be_v whether_o in_o a_o degree_n to_o hinder_v only_o or_o perturb_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n or_o utter_o to_o deprive_v of_o understanding_n and_o
but_o to_o give_v it_o upon_o lewd_a condition_n unlawful_a three_o i_o say_v that_o which_o be_v promise_v upon_o dishonest_a unlawful_a condition_n the_o condition_n perform_v aught_o to_o be_v fulfil_v at_o least_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v lawful_a if_o a_o man_n promise_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n unto_o another_o for_o adultery_n false_a witness_n or_o any_o other_o wicked_a exploit_n he_o be_v bind_v when_o the_o other_o have_v perform_v the_o condition_n to_o stand_v to_o his_o promise_n and_o pay_v the_o money_n so_o judah_n right_o understand_v himself_o oblige_v to_o send_v the_o kid_n unto_o thamar_n his_o daughter_n in_o law_n as_o the_o promise_a price_n of_o her_o whoredom_n the_o reason_n be_v that_o although_o the_o bargain_n be_v yet_o the_o thing_n promise_v in_o that_o bargain_n be_v not_o unlawful_a wherefore_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v be_v do_v but_o be_v do_v it_o be_v valid_a and_o by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v sufficient_o clear_a that_o a_o unlawful_a oath_n of_o a_o lawful_a thing_n may_v be_v obligatory_a sect_n xv._n the_o second_o doubt_n reflect_v upon_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v that_o intention_n i_o mean_v not_o which_o aim_v objective_o at_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o oath_n or_o thing_n promise_v whereby_o we_o inquire_v what_o the_o party_n swear_v intend_v by_o this_o promise_n in_o what_o sense_n and_o how_o he_o oblige_v himself_o for_o of_o such_o intention_n we_o have_v already_o speak_v when_o we_o discourse_v upon_o the_o sense_n and_o interpretation_n of_o a_o oath_n but_o that_o intention_n be_v here_o understand_v which_o aim_v objective_o at_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v whereby_o we_o inquire_v whether_o he_o intend_v to_o swear_v or_o to_o oblige_v himself_o or_o not_o upon_o which_o scholastic_a dispute_n very_o much_o but_o more_o subtle_o then_o profitable_o i_o shall_v contract_v as_o much_o of_o they_o as_o be_v useful_a into_o a_o narrow_a room_n the_o first_o case_n be_v when_o a_o man_n through_o evil_a custom_n heedless_o abound_v with_o unnecessary_a oath_n i_o say_v first_o that_o this_o kind_n of_o swear_v be_v most_o certain_o a_o very_a grievous_a sin_n not_o only_o original_o and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o cause_n because_o it_o flow_v from_o a_o deprave_a habit_n but_o also_o formal_o and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o act_n for_o asmuch_o as_o a_o act_n in_o itself_o sacred_a be_v rash_o exercise_v not_o in_o judgement_n and_o without_o reverence_n second_o i_o say_v that_o such_o oath_n if_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v through_o the_o impetuosity_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v altogether_o inconsiderate_a be_v not_o obligatory_a but_o if_o any_o deliberation_n of_o mind_n be_v present_a though_o small_a they_o be_v in_o part_n obligatory_a the_o reason_n of_o either_o member_n of_o this_o assertion_n be_v because_o deliberation_n of_o mind_n be_v require_v to_o make_v any_o humane_a act_n bind_v and_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o obligation_n arise_v from_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o deliberation_n sect_n xvi_o the_o second_o case_n be_v when_o in_o honour_n or_o compliment_n for_o so_o cafuist_n speak_v a_o man_n giddy_o swear_v in_o a_o matter_n of_o small_a moment_n for_o example_n if_o one_o contend_v with_o another_o and_o press_v he_o by_o way_n of_o respect_n unto_o precedence_n shall_v swear_v as_o it_o often_o happen_v not_o to_o stir_v out_o of_o the_o door_n sit_v at_o the_o table_n or_o touch_v the_o cup_n till_o the_o other_o be_v first_o out_o or_o fetch_v or_o have_v begin_v nay_o since_o common_o the_o person_n so_o strive_v both_o swear_v the_o same_o thing_n if_o such_o oath_n be_v obligatory_a one_o of_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v forswear_a because_o of_o necessity_n one_o must_v do_v that_o which_o each_o swear_v he_o will_v not_o do_v first_o i_o say_v as_o before_o that_o a_o oath_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v rash_a and_o not_o without_o sin_n because_o without_o judgement_n second_o that_o it_o be_v nevertheless_o in_o itself_o obligatory_a except_o the_o act_n be_v altogether_o void_a of_o deliberation_n but_o three_o that_o such_o obligation_n may_v either_o be_v stop_v or_o take_v away_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o who_o do_v otherwise_o then_o he_o have_v swear_v may_v avoid_v perjury_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o obligation_n may_v be_v stop_v if_o it_o be_v understand_v with_o a_o tacit_a condition_n or_o exception_n in_o this_o sense_n if_o it_o please_v you_o or_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v leave_v unto_o i_o i_o will_v not_o stir_v till_o you_o go_v first_o it_o may_v also_o be_v take_v away_o because_o see_v it_o proceed_v from_o consideration_n of_o the_o place_n due_a unto_o the_o other_o that_o other_o recede_v from_o his_o right_n the_o obligation_n cease_v as_o god_n will_v when_o i_o come_v to_o the_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n shall_v more_o plain_o appeat_v sect_n xvii_o the_o three_o case_n be_v whether_o a_o man_n doubtful_a whether_o he_o have_v swear_v or_o no_o be_v bind_v by_o by_o his_o oath_n some_o think_v he_o be_v not_o bind_v from_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n in_o doubtful_a case_n possession_n be_v the_o better_a title_n but_o see_v this_o rule_n be_v of_o force_n in_o thing_n appertain_v only_o unto_o commutative_a justice_n as_o if_o the_o heir_n of_o caius_n shall_v doubt_v whether_o the_o good_n of_o the_o decease_a bequeath_v unto_o he_o by_o will_n be_v lawful_o get_v some_o and_o more_o true_o perhaps_o think_v he_o be_v bind_v unless_o he_o can_v clear_v his_o doubt_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o of_o doubtful_a thing_n the_o safe_a be_v to_o be_v choose_v and_o certain_o it_o be_v more_o safe_a to_o think_v himself_o oblige_v than_o not_o oblige_v because_o by_o that_o error_n he_o expose_v himself_o at_o the_o most_o but_o to_o temporal_a inconvenience_n by_o this_o unto_o the_o danger_n of_o perjury_n sect_n xviii_o the_o four_o case_n whether_o man_n willing_a to_o swear_v yet_o intend_v not_o to_o oblige_v himself_o be_v nevertheless_o oblige_v most_o of_o the_o scholastics_n and_o casuist_n they_o especial_o who_o be_v before_o cajetan_n deny_v he_o to_o be_v oblige_v and_o ovid_n cydippe_n defend_v herself_o from_o perjury_n at_o this_o ward_n it_o be_v the_o mind_n with_o which_o we_o swear_v and_o i_o have_v no_o such_o meaning_n there_o but_o the_o opinion_n of_o cajetan_n and_o his_o follower_n be_v sound_a who_o hold_v the_o party_n deliberate_o swear_v to_o be_v bind_v whether_o he_o intend_v to_o oblige_v himself_o or_o not_o for_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v be_v both_o in_o itself_o obligatory_a and_o proceed_v from_o a_o deliberate_a mind_n therefore_o obligation_n unless_o it_o be_v otherwise_o impede_v must_v necessary_o follow_v wherefore_o see_v that_o obligation_n flow_v necessary_o and_o natural_o from_o a_o oath_n it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o man_n to_o hinder_v or_o remove_v it_o for_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n state_v no_o man_n can_v hinder_v their_o necessary_a effect_n be_v it_o not_o ridiculous_a if_o he_o who_o have_v sign_v and_o seal_v a_o bond_n shall_v plead_v that_o he_o have_v no_o intention_n thereby_o to_o oblige_v himself_o nay_o will_v he_o not_o be_v oblige_v notwithstanding_o that_o plea_n he_o therefore_o who_o take_v a_o oath_n be_v as_o much_o oblige_v by_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v whatsoever_o he_o intend_v or_o profess_v he_o intend_v for_o he_o who_o intend_v the_o cause_n be_v presume_v also_o to_o intend_v the_o necessary_a effect_n of_o that_o cause_n and_o thus_o the_o goodness_n of_o god_n direct_v and_o your_o patience_n accompany_v i_o at_o length_n i_o have_v finish_v this_o difficult_a and_o scatter_a dispute_n concern_v the_o bond_n of_o a_o oath_n the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o treatise_n which_o concern_v the_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n i_o shall_v short_o by_o god_n help_n deliver_v in_o one_o lecture_n the_o seven_o lecture_n of_o the_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n of_o a_o oath_n and_o of_o the_o use_n and_o abuse_v of_o oath_n contain_v five_o case_n and_o so_o many_o conclusion_n summary_n 1_o what_o truth_n be_v require_v in_o a_o promissory_a oath_n 2_o what_o the_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n be_v 3_o whether_o a_o oath_n may_v be_v dispense_v withal_o 4_o the_o pope_n power_n of_o dispense_n with_o oath_n examine_v 5_o whether_o a_o oath_n may_v be_v commute_v 6_o the_o superior_a may_v invalidate_v the_o oath_n of_o his_o subject_n 7_o the_o matter_n of_o a_o oath_n cease_v the_o obligation_n cease_v 8_o a_o oath_n may_v be_v release_v by_o he_o unto_o who_o it_o be_v make_v 9_o it_o be_v not_o unlawful_a to_o swear_v 10_o the_o custom_n of_o swear_v in_o ordinary_a â—discourse_n evil_a 11_o a_o man_n ought_v not_o to_o swear_v without_o necessity_n 12_o caution_n in_o oath_n require_v by_o other_o 13_o a_o