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eilward_n a_o poor_a mean_a fellow_n of_o kingsweston_n in_o berkshire_n who_o be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o condemn_v of_o theft_n he_o have_v it_o seem_v steal_v a_o pair_n of_o country_n glove_n and_o a_o whetstone_n be_v punish_v by_o lose_v his_o eye_n and_o privity_n who_o come_v with_o devotion_n to_o s._n thomas_n his_o tomb_n get_v a_o entire_a restitution_n of_o his_o disappear_a member_n and_o faculty_n and_o be_v as_o good_a a_o man_n as_o ever_o he_o be_v perchance_o in_o this_o he_o be_v no_o witness_n of_o infallible_a credit_n let_v the_o story_n of_o iphis_n and_o janthis_n and_o that_o of_o ceneus_n try_v mastery_n with_o this_o for_o the_o wherstone_n to_o our_o purpose_n the_o writer_n be_v trusty_a enough_o but_o in_o the_o first_o time_n of_o the_o norman_n i_o perceive_v that_o the_o halter_n be_v the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o theft_n let_v it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o abbot_n of_o that_o church_n if_o he_o chance_v to_o come_v 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above_o those_o part_n cut_v off_o which_o galen_n account_v to_o be_v the_o principal_a instrument_n for_o propagate_a of_o the_o kind_n to_o who_o hoveden_n agree_v who_o write_v in_o the_o life_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o that_o coiner_n by_o the_o king_n order_n be_v take_v have_v their_o right_a hand_n and_o their_o privy-member_n cut_v off_o upon_o this_o account_n sure_a that_o he_o that_o be_v guilty_a of_o such_o a_o wicked_a crime_n shall_v have_v no_o hope_n leave_v he_o of_o posterity_n nor_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v in_o any_o further_a fear_n of_o those_o who_o draw_v villainous_a principle_n from_o the_o loin_n of_o those_o that_o beget_v they_o now_o at_o this_o very_a time_n and_o in_o former_a age_n too_o this_o piece_n of_o treason_n be_v punish_v with_o halter_n and_o gallow_n and_o that_o also_o of_o theft_n not_o only_o in_o england_n 38._o but_o almost_o in_o all_o country_n especial_o robbery_n upon_o the_o highway_n which_o be_v commit_v by_o those_o who_o lie_v wait_v to_o surprise_v passenger_n as_o they_o travel_v along_o upon_o one_o or_o other_o side_n of_o they_o whence_o not_o only_o in_o the_o latin_a but_o in_o the_o holy_a language_n also_o a_o high-way-man_n have_v his_o name_n and_o true_o among_o the_o ancient_n gelding_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o kind_n of_o death_n the_o apostle_n canon_n give_v he_o the_o character_n and_o censure_n of_o a_o manslayer_n who_o cut_v off_o his_o own_o privity_n who_o live_v all_o his_o life_n a_o bachelor_n say_v the_o talmudist_n and_o he_o who_o cut_v off_o another_o man_n be_v in_o danger_n of_o the_o cornelian_a law_n concern_v murderer_n and_o cutthroat_n and_o so_o be_v it_o heretofore_o among_o the_o english_a 32._o he_o order_v they_o be_v hoveden_n word_n that_o no_o halfpenny_n which_o also_o he_o command_v shall_v be_v make_v round_o or_o farthing_n also_o if_o it_o be_v entire_a shall_v be_v refuse_v 33._o he_o correct_v the_o merchant_n false_a eln_n so_o say_v the_o monk_n of_o malmesbury_n apply_v the_o measure_n of_o his_o arm_n and_o propose_v that_o to_o all_o people_n over_o england_n 34._o he_o give_v order_n to_o the_o courtier_n in_o whatsoever_o city_n or_o village_n he_o be_v how_o much_o they_o be_v to_o take_v of_o the_o country_n people_n gratis_o and_o at_o what_o price_n to_o buy_v thing_n punish_v offender_n herein_o either_o with_o a_o great_a fine_a of_o money_n or_o with_o loss_n of_o life_n chap._n viii_o the_o regality_n claim_v by_o the_o pope_n but_o within_o a_o while_n resume_v by_o the_o king_n the_o coverfeu_n dispense_v with_o a_o subsidy_n for_o marry_v the_o king_n daughter_n the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n concern_v shipwreck_n a_o tax_n levy_v to_o raise_v and_o carry_v on_o a_o war._n 35._o anselm_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n labour_v earnest_o with_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o party_n and_o at_o length_n obtain_v it_o with_o much_o ado_n that_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o you_o have_v it_o in_o florilegus_n after_o other_o writer_n never_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v invest_v with_o a_o pastoral_n staff_n or_o a_o ring_n into_o a_o bishopric_n or_o abbacy_n by_o the_o king_n or_o any_o lay-person_n whatsoever_o in_o england_n add_v out_o of_o malmesbury_n retain_v however_o the_o privilege_n of_o election_n and_o regality_n there_o be_v a_o sharp_a bicker_n about_o this_o business_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o anselm_n and_o so_o between_o the_o pope_n paschalis_n and_o calixtus_n and_o henry_n about_o that_o time_n emperor_n both_o of_o they_o at_o least_o pretend_o quit_v their_o right_n our_o king_n humour_v the_o scene_n according_a to_o the_o present_a occasion_n for_o after_o anselm_n death_n he_o do_v invest_v rodulphus_fw-la that_o come_v in_o his_o room_n by_o a_o ring_n and_o a_o pastoral_n staff_n 36._o he_o restore_v the_o night-torche_n or_o light_n which_o william_n the_o first_o have_v forbid_v 88_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o now_o have_v less_o reason_n to_o apprehend_v any_o danger_n from_o they_o the_o kingdom_n be_v in_o a_o better_a and_o firm_a posture_n 37._o to_o make_v up_o a_o portion_n for_o maud_n the_o king_n daughter_n marry_v to_o henry_n the_o emperor_n every_o hide_n of_o land_n pay_v a_o tribute_n of_o three_o shilling_n here_o polydore_n make_v his_o descant_n afterwards_o say_v he_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o king_n follow_v that_o course_n of_o raise_v portion_n for_o the_o bestowal_a of_o their_o daughter_n so_o tenacious_a have_v posterity_n always_o be_v of_o their_o own_o advantage_n it_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v doubt_v that_o the_o right_n of_o raise_v money_n for_o the_o marry_n of_o the_o lord_n daughter_n by_o way_n of_o aid_n or_o subsidy_n upon_o the_o tenant_n or_o dependent_n be_v of_o a_o more_o ancient_a original_n neither_o will_v i_o fetch_v it_o from_o the_o mutual_a engagement_n of_o romulus_n his_o patron_n and_o client_n or_o landlord_n and_o tenant_n or_o from_o suetonius_n his_o caligula_n rather_o from_o the_o old_a custom_n of_o the_o norman_n more_o ancient_a than_o king_n henry_n where_o that_o threefold_a tribute_n be_v explain_v by_o the_o name_n of_o aid_n which_o the_o patent_n grant_v by_o king_n john_n in_o favour_n of_o public_a liberty_n mention_n in_o these_o word_n i_o will_v impose_v no_o escuage_z or_o aid_n in_o our_o realm_n but_o by_o the_o common_a advice_n of_o our_o realm_n unless_o it_o be_v to_o ransom_v our_o body_n and_o to_o make_v our_o first-born_a son_n a_o soldier_n or_o knight_n and_o to_o marry_v our_o elder_a daughter_n once_o 38._o some_o ascribe_v that_o law_n to_o henry_n etc._n which_o lawyer_n call_v the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n whereby_o a_o man_n have_v have_v a_o child_n by_o his_o wife_n when_o she_o die_v enjoy_v her_o estate_n for_o his_o life_n 39_o he_o make_v a_o law_n that_o poor_a shipwrack_a person_n shall_v have_v their_o good_n
upon_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o hereot_fw-la lin._n 42._o in_o french_a be_v call_v a_o relief_n from_o the_o verb_n relever_n to_o raise_v again_o and_o take_v up_o the_o estate_n which_o have_v fall_v into_o the_o lord_n hand_n by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n it_o be_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n which_o the_o new_a homager_n when_o he_o be_v come_v to_o age_n pay_v to_o the_o lord_n for_o his_o admission_n or_o at_o his_o entrance_n into_o the_o estate_n whence_o by_o the_o old_a civilian_n it_o be_v call_a introitus_fw-la and_o in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o sum_n be_v moderate_o set_v wherein_o it_o differ_v from_o ransom_n which_o be_v much_o more_o severe_a the_o king_n rate_n upon_o his_o homager_n be_v thus_o a_o earl_n heir_n be_v to_o give_v a_o hundred_o pound_n a_o baron_n a_o hundred_o mark_n a_o knight_n a_o hundred_o shilling_n at_o most_o and_o those_o of_o lesser_a estate_n less_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o their_o tenor_n as_o spelman_n quote_v it_o out_o of_o the_o charter_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o pag._n 61._o lin_v 11._o of_o the_o great_a uavasors_n they_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o gentleman_n next_o in_o degree_n to_o the_o baron_n they_o do_v not_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o some_o duke_n marquess_z or_o earl_n and_o those_o that_o hold_v from_o they_o again_o be_v call_v valvasini_n or_o the_o lesser_a vavasor_n there_o be_v little_a certainty_n what_o their_o office_n or_o privilege_n be_v or_o indeed_o whence_o they_o be_v so_o call_v whether_o qu._n ad_fw-la valvas_fw-la stantes_fw-la or_o valvae_fw-la assidentes_fw-la for_o their_o sit_v or_o stand_v at_o their_o lord_n door_n if_o those_o of_o that_o quality_n do_v so_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o or_o that_o they_o keep_v the_o door_n or_o entrance_n of_o the_o kingdom_n against_o the_o enemy_n as_o spelman_n say_v or_o whether_o from_o vassalli_n as_o the_o feudist_n derive_v the_o name_n from_o that_o inferior_a tenure_n they_o have_v mediate_o from_o the_o king_n by_o his_o great_a lord_n which_o seem_v the_o more_o likely_a because_o these_o great_a vavasor_n who_o do_v so_o hold_v be_v sometime_o term_v valvasores_fw-la regii_fw-la and_o vassi_fw-la dominici_fw-la that_o be_v the_o king_n vassal_n lin._n 27._o her_o dowry_n and_o right_n of_o marriage_n in_o the_o latin_a it_o be_v dotem_fw-la svam_fw-la &_o maritagium_fw-la now_o do_v be_v otherwise_o take_v in_o the_o english_a than_o in_o the_o roman_a law_n not_o for_o that_o which_o the_o man_n receive_v with_o his_o wife_n at_o marriage_n a_o portion_n but_o for_o that_o which_o the_o woman_n have_v leave_v she_o by_o her_o husband_n at_o his_o death_n a_o dowry_n and_o maritagium_fw-la be_v that_o which_o be_v give_v to_o a_o man_n with_o his_o wife_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o as_o do_v among_o the_o roman_n say_v spelman_n but_o that_o be_v too_o general_a i_o think_v that_o the_o man_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o return_v at_o his_o death_n all_o to_o his_o wife_n that_o he_o have_v with_o she_o beside_o leave_v she_o a_o dowry_n i_o be_o therefore_o rather_o incline_v to_o cowell_n who_o tell_v we_o maritagium_fw-la signify_v land_n bestow_v in_o marriage_n which_o it_o seem_v by_o this_o law_n be_v to_o return_v to_o the_o wife_n if_o her_o husband_n die_v before_o she_o the_o word_n have_v another_o sense_n also_o which_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o this_o place_n be_v sometime_o take_v for_o that_o which_o ward_n be_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o lord_n for_o his_o leave_n and_o consent_n that_o they_o may_v marry_v themselves_o which_o if_o they_o do_v against_o his_o consent_n it_o be_v call_v forfeiture_n of_o marriage_n lin._n 35._o the_o common_a duty_n of_o money_n or_o coinage_n so_o i_o render_v the_o word_n monetagium_fw-la for_o it_o appear_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v mint_n in_o most_o of_o the_o country_n and_o city_n of_o this_o realm_n see_v cowell_n in_o the_o word_n monier_n for_o which_o privilege_n it_o be_v likely_a they_o pay_v some_o duty_n to_o the_o chief_a place_n of_o the_o mint_n thus_o in_o doomsday_n we_o read_v as_o spelman_n quote_v it_o that_o in_o the_o city_n winecestre_fw-fr every_o monyer_n pay_v twenty_o shilling_n to_o london_n and_o the_o reason_n give_v pro_fw-la cuneis_fw-la monetae_fw-la accipiendis_fw-la for_o have_v stamp_n or_o coin_n of_o money_n for_o from_o this_o latin_a word_n cuneus_n which_o our_o lawyer_n have_v turn_v into_o cuna_n from_o whence_o the_o verb_n cunaere_n come_v our_o english_a word_n coyn._n now_o it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o chief_a mint_n may_v by_o their_o exaction_n upon_o the_o inferior_a mint_n give_v occasion_n for_o the_o make_n of_o this_o law_n lin._n 42._o or_o child_n or_o parent_n by_o parent_n here_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v not_o a_o father_n or_o mother_n but_o a_o cousin_n one_o akin_a as_o the_o word_n signify_v in_o french_a and_o as_o it_o be_v use_v in_o our_o law_n and_o indeed_o the_o latin_a word_n itself_o begin_v to_o have_v that_o sense_n put_v upon_o it_o in_o vulgar_a speech_n towards_o the_o declension_n of_o the_o empire_n as_o lampridius_n inform_v we_o pag._n 62._o lin_v 21._o a_o pawn_n in_o the_o scarcity_n of_o his_o money_n that_o be_v if_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pay_v his_o forfeit_n in_o specie_fw-la i._n e._n to_o lay_v down_o the_o money_n he_o be_v to_o give_v security_n by_o a_o pawn_n of_o some_o of_o his_o good_n or_o chattel_n see_v cowell_n in_o the_o word_n gage_n this_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v vadium_n a_o pawn_n or_o pledge_v from_o vas_n vadis_fw-la a_o surety_n hence_o invadiare_n to_o pawn_v or_o engage_v a_o thing_n by_o way_n of_o security_n till_o a_o debt_n be_v pay_v lin._n 23._o nor_o shall_v he_o make_v amends_o from_o the_o french_a amend_v in_o our_o law-latin_a emenda_fw-la which_o differ_v from_o a_o fine_a or_o mulct_n in_o this_o that_o the_o fine_a be_v give_v to_o the_o judge_n but_o amends_o be_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o party_n aggrieve_v now_o there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o this_o amende_n the_o great_a which_o be_v like_o a_o full_a forfeiture_n the_o mid-one_a at_o reasonable_a term_n and_o the_o least_o or_o low_a which_o be_v like_o a_o gentle_a amercement_n this_o distinction_n will_v help_v to_o explain_v the_o meaning_n of_o this_o law_n l._n 30._o per_fw-la see_v de_fw-fr hauberke_n this_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v feudum_n hauberticum_n i._n e._n loricatum_fw-la say_v hotoman_n from_o the_o french_a word_n haubert_n that_o be_v a_o coat_n of_o mail_n when_o a_o vassal_n hold_v land_n of_o the_o lord_n on_o this_o condition_n that_o when_o he_o be_v call_v he_o be_v ready_a to_o attend_v his_o lord_n with_o a_o coat_n of_o mail_n or_o complete_a armour_n on_o now_o haubert_n as_o spelman_n tell_v we_o proper_o signify_v a_o high_a lord_n or_o baron_n from_o haut_fw-fr or_o halt_a high_a and_o ber_n the_o same_o as_o baro_n a_o man_n or_o baron_n and_o because_o these_o great_a lord_n be_v oblige_v by_o their_o place_n and_o service_n to_o wait_v upon_o the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n on_o horseback_n with_o complete_a armour_n and_o particular_o with_o a_o coat_n of_o mail_n on_o hence_o it_o come_v say_v he_o that_o the_o coat_n of_o mail_n itself_o be_v also_o call_v haubert_n though_o he_o do_v afterward_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v extend_v to_o all_o other_o vassal_n who_o be_v under_o that_o kind_n of_o tenure_n but_o then_o at_o last_o he_o incline_v to_o think_v that_o the_o true_a ancient_a writing_n of_o the_o word_n be_v hauberk_n not_o haubert_n as_o it_o be_v hautberg_n i._n e._n the_o chief_a or_o principal_a piece_n of_o armour_n and_o berg_n he_o will_v have_v to_o signify_v armour_n as_o he_o make_v out_o in_o some_o of_o its_o compound_n bainberg_n armour_n for_o the_o leg_n and_o halsberg_n armour_n for_o the_o neck_n and_o breast_n and_o derive_v it_o from_o the_o saxon_a beorgan_n i._n e._n to_o arm_n to_o defend_v add_v to_o this_o say_v he_o that_o the_o french_a themselves_o and_o we_o from_o they_o call_v it_o a_o haubergeon_n as_o it_o be_v haubergium_fw-la lin._n 33._o from_o all_o geld_n the_o saxon_a word_n geld_v or_o gild_v signify_v a_o tribute_n or_o tax_n a_o amercement_n a_o payment_n of_o money_n and_o money_n itself_o whence_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o money_n be_v call_v gold_n it_o be_v from_o the_o verb_n geldan_n or_o gyldan_n to_o pay_v in_o latin_a it_o be_v geldum_fw-la and_o not_o gilda_n as_o cowell_n write_v it_o for_o this_o signify_v quite_o another_o thing_n a_o fraternity_n or_o company_n of_o merchant_n or_o the_o like_a whence_o a_o gild-hall_n that_o
speak_v of_o that_o sorry_a subject_n before_o i_o leave_v thou_o as_o to_o the_o translator_n i_o confess_v it_o be_v no_o great_a credit_n for_o any_o one_o to_o appear_v in_o that_o figure_n a_o remark_n which_o i_o have_v learn_v from_o one_o who_o have_v translate_v another_o excellent_a piece_n of_o this_o noble_a author_n noble_a i_o call_v he_o since_o nobility_n be_v raise_v by_o part_n and_o merit_n no_o less_o than_o continue_v by_o birth_n and_o descent_n it_o be_v his_o mare_n clausum_fw-la wherein_o he_o i_o speak_v of_o have_v acquit_v himself_o very_o well_o abate_v for_o his_o villainous_a dedication_n to_o the_o rump-parliament_n which_o be_v then_o set_v up_o for_o a_o republic_n in_o which_o dedication_n of_o he_o he_o have_v vile_o and_o like_o himself_o i_o speak_v in_o charity_n as_o to_o his_o interest_n i_o mean_v not_o his_o judgement_n or_o conscience_n at_o least_o if_o there_o be_v any_o asperse_v the_o royal_a family_n with_o weakness_n and_o collusion_n 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and_o surbate_n the_o reader_n though_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o work_n there_o be_v up_o and_o down_o many_o explanation_n insert_v to_o excuse_v he_o from_o the_o trouble_n of_o have_v recourse_n to_o those_o note_n which_o be_v add_v out_o of_o pure_a necessity_n and_o not_o from_o any_o vanity_n of_o ostentation_n since_o the_o whole_a if_o it_o have_v its_o due_a may_v seem_v to_o require_v a_o perpetual_a comment_n in_o the_o main_a which_o be_v enough_o for_o a_o translator_n be_v his_o author_n what_o he_o will_v he_o do_v assure_v thou_o that_o the_o mean_a subject_n of_o england_n may_v now_o read_v one_o of_o her_o great_a champion_n and_o writer_n for_o learned_a pen_n sometime_o do_v as_o good_a and_o as_o great_a service_n as_o valiant_a sword_n do_v so_o understand_o that_o he_o may_v edify_v and_o learn_v what_o duty_n and_o deference_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v for_o the_o best_a of_o government_n and_o now_o reader_n excuse_v i_o in_o a_o digression_n and_o do_v not_o impute_v it_o as_o a_o levity_n to_o i_o that_o i_o follow_v my_o grave_a author_n it_o be_v my_o duty_n so_o to_o do_v it_o be_v my_o happiness_n if_o i_o can_v he_o do_v not_o despair_n now_o he_o appear_v in_o english_a to_o have_v female-reader_n too_o to_o court_v he_o so_o far_o at_o least_o as_o to_o peruse_v his_o translation_n who_o have_v so_o high_o court_v they_o with_o noble_a caress_n in_o that_o chapter_n wherein_o he_o have_v so_o learned_o plead_v the_o excellency_n and_o right_n of_o that_o angelical_a sex_n if_o angel_n have_v any_o sex_n to_o the_o abashment_n and_o overthrow_n of_o the_o salic_a law_n to_o what_o purpose_n do_v the_o author_n write_v so_o much_o in_o their_o commendation_n if_o they_o be_v not_o to_o know_v it_o which_o if_o the_o poor_a translator_n have_v any_o obligation_n upon_o the_o sex_n he_o hope_v they_o will_v own_v this_o as_o a_o addition_n not_o to_o mention_v that_o other_o chapter_n of_o he_o where_o like_o a_o gentleman_n and_o a_o lawyer_n both_o he_o maintain_v that_o freedom_n peculiar_a to_o our_o english_a lady_n and_o which_o with_o lawyer_n leave_n i_o may_v call_v the_o courtesy_n of_o england_n in_o receive_v of_o salute_v against_o the_o censure_n of_o rudeness_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n and_o the_o suspicion_n of_o wantonness_n on_o the_o other_o though_o i_o must_v confess_v also_o that_o some_o of_o his_o citation_n in_o that_o defence_n be_v so_o free_a that_o i_o think_v fit_a rather_o to_o leave_v they_o as_o i_o find_v they_o than_o by_o put_v they_o into_o english_a to_o expose_v the_o modesty_n of_o the_o sex_n i_o have_v no_o more_o to_o say_v reader_n but_o to_o beg_v thy_o excuse_n for_o any_o thing_n wherein_o i_o may_v appear_v to_o have_v come_v short_a of_o the_o weighty_a and_o abstruse_a sense_n of_o our_o great_a and_o worthy_a author_n and_o that_o i_o may_v detain_v thou_o no_o long_o from_o his_o conversation_n to_o bid_v thou_o farewell_n the_o author_n preface_n to_o the_o reader_n and_o that_o the_o tutelar_a or_o guardian_n of_o my_o threshold_n may_v not_o entertain_v thou_o with_o unlucky_a or_o ill-boding_a term_n he_o do_v free_o bespeak_v thou_o health_n and_o greeting_n whoever_o thou_o be_v dear_a reader_n moreover_o he_o be_v in_o the_o humour_n to_o declare_v both_o the_o occasion_n of_o draw_v the_o first_o furrow_n of_o this_o enterprise_n and_o also_o the_o model_n and_o frame_n of_o the_o whole_a work_n what_o it_o be_v finish_v and_o complete_v it_o be_v a_o long_a while_n ago_o consider_v how_o young_a a_o man_n i_o be_o since_o from_o the_o first_o i_o have_v make_v it_o my_o hearty_a wish_n that_o the_o ancient_a original_a and_o procedure_v of_o our_o civil_a law_n may_v more_o fair_o and_o clear_o be_v make_v out_o as_o far_o i_o mean_v as_o the_o thing_n will_v bear_v and_o as_o what_o store_n we_o have_v of_o public_a record_n afford_v assistance_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o several_a man_n with_o several_a thing_n be_v please_v as_o say_v archilochus_n of_o old_a controv_n and_o i_o do_v own_o for_o myself_o what_o seneca_n the_o declaimer_n say_v that_o i_o take_v pleasure_n in_o go_v back_o to_o study_n of_o antiquity_n and_o in_o look_v behind_o i_o to_o our_o grandsires_n better_a time_n which_o to_o say_v truth_n they_o who_o do_v too_o much_o slight_a ardua_fw-la dum_fw-la metuunt_fw-la 1._o amittunt_fw-la vera_fw-la viai_fw-la that_o be_v whilst_o lofty_a pass_v they_o do_v fear_n through_o sloth_n they_o lose_v the_o certain_a track_n and_o path_n of_o troth_n and_o so_o may_v the_o muse_n always_o favour_v i_o they_o be_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v anteiqua_n 7._o sepolta_fw-it vetusta_fw-la quai_n faciunt_fw-la mores_fw-la veterésque_fw-la novosque_fw-la tenentem_fw-la moltarum_fw-la veterum_fw-la legum_n diuômque_fw-la hominumque_fw-la prudentem_fw-la as_o
be_v no_o people_n in_o europe_n before_o the_o destruction_n of_o troy_n and_o as_o if_o there_o have_v be_v no_o one_o among_o the_o trojan_n themselves_o of_o ignoble_a birth_n he_o who_o make_v the_o alphabetical_a index_n to_o jeoffry_n of_o monmouth_n who_o be_v bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n too_o as_o he_o be_v print_v and_o put_v forth_o by_o ascensius_n prop_v up_o the_o author_n credit_n upon_o this_o account_n that_o as_o he_o say_v he_o make_v no_o mention_n any_o where_o in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o frank_n by_o reason_n forsooth_o that_o all_o those_o thing_n almost_o which_o he_o have_v write_v of_o be_v do_v and_o pass_v before_o the_o frank_n arrival_n in_o france_n this_o be_v a_o slip_n sure_o more_o than_o of_o memory_n go_v to_o jeoffry_n himself_o and_o in_o his_o nineteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n you_o meet_v with_o the_o frank_n in_o the_o time_n of_o brennus_n and_o belinus_n among_o the_o senones_n a_o people_n of_o france_n a_o gross_a misreckon_n of_o i_o know_v not_o how_o many_o hundred_o year_n for_o the_o frank_n be_v not_o know_v to_o have_v take_v up_o their_o quarter_n on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n rhine_n till_o some_o century_n of_o year_n after_o christ_n incarnation_n for_o howbeit_o by_o poetic_a licence_n and_o rhetorical_a figure_n aeneas_n be_v say_v to_o have_v come_v to_o the_o lavinian_a shore_n which_o have_v not_o that_o name_n till_o some_o time_n after_o yet_o it_o be_v much_o better_o that_o both_o in_o verse_n and_o prose_n those_o thing_n which_o appertain_v to_o history_n shall_v be_v express_v according_a to_o that_o form_n of_o ovid_n where_o at_o the_o burn_a of_o rhemus_n his_o funeral_n pile_n he_o say_v tunc_fw-la juvenes_fw-la nondum_fw-la facti_fw-la flevere_fw-la quirite_n fast._n that_o be_v the_o young_a man_n then_o not_o yet_o quirite_n make_v weep_v as_o the_o body_n on_o the_o pile_n they_o lay_v and_o at_o this_o rate_n jeoffry_n may_v and_o ought_v to_o have_v make_v his_o translation_n if_o he_o will_v have_v be_v a_o faithful_a interpreter_n but_o as_o to_o our_o brutus_n whence_o the_o britan_n saxo_n whence_o the_o saxon_n bruno_n whence_o those_o of_o brunswick_n freso_fw-la whence_o those_o of_o friesland_n and_o bato_n whence_o the_o batavian_o have_v their_o rise_n and_o name_n take_v notice_n what_o pontus_n heuterus_n observe_v 8._o as_o other_o have_v do_v before_o he_o song_n or_o ballad_n say_v he_o and_o rhyme_n make_v in_o a_o unlearned_a age_n with_o ease_n obtrude_v falsehood_n for_o truth_n upon_o simple_a people_n or_o mingle_v falsehood_n with_o truth_n impose_v upon_o they_o for_o three_o or_o four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o our_o ancestor_n hear_v with_o great_a glee_n than_o that_o they_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o adulterous_a trojan_n from_o alexander_n of_o macedonia_n the_o overthrower_n of_o kingdom_n from_o that_o manqueller_n hercules_n of_o greece_n or_o from_o some_o other_o disturber_n of_o the_o world_n and_o indeed_o that_o be_v too_o true_a which_o he_o say_v mensuraque_fw-la fictis_fw-la crescit_fw-la 12._o &_o auditis_fw-la aliquid_fw-la novus_fw-la adjicit_fw-la auctor_fw-la which_o in_o plain_a english_a speak_v this_o sense_n thus_o story_n nothing_o in_o the_o tell_n lose_v the_o next_o relater_n add_v still_o to_o the_o news_n but_o i_o will_v not_o enlarge_v to_o clear_v these_o point_n aright_o antiquary_n who_o be_v at_o see-saw_a about_o they_o will_v perhaps_o eternal_o be_v at_o loss_n like_o the_o hebrew_n in_o their_o mysterious_a debate_n for_o want_v of_o some_o elias_n to_o come_v and_o resolve_v their_o doubt_n chap._n vii_o what_o the_o trojan_a law_n be_v which_o brutus_n bring_v in_o that_o concern_v the_o elder_a son_n inherit_v the_o whole_a estate_n confute_v in_o the_o first_o time_n there_o be_v no_o positive_a law_n yet_o mention_v make_v of_o they_o in_o some_o very_a ancient_a author_n notwithstanding_o a_o remark_n of_o some_o ancient_a writer_n to_o the_o contrary_n well_o suppose_v we_o grant_v there_o be_v such_o a_o person_n ever_o in_o the_o world_n as_o brutus_n he_o make_v law_n they_o say_v and_o those_o take_v out_o of_o the_o trojan_a law_n but_o what_o i_o pray_v be_v those_o trojan_a law_n themselves_o there_o be_v one_o i_o know_v well_o enough_o they_o speak_v of_o concern_v the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n by_o which_o they_o inherit_v the_o whole_a right_n and_o estate_n of_o their_o decease_a father_n herodotus_n write_v it_o of_o hector_n euterpe_n son_n and_o heir_n to_o king_n priam_n and_o jeoffry_n mention_n it_o but_o do_v this_o law_n across_o the_o sea_n with_o brutus_n into_o britain_n how_o then_o come_v it_o that_o the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o three_o brother_n locrine_n camber_n and_o albanactus_n betwixt_o the_o two_o ferrix_n and_o porrix_fw-la betwixt_o brennus_n and_o belinus_n and_o the_o like_a of_o some_o other_o how_o come_v it_o that_o in_o a_o parliament_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o 26._o provision_n be_v make_v that_o the_o freehold_n of_o wales_n shall_v not_o thenceforward_a pass_n according_a to_o that_o custom_n which_o they_o call_v gavelkind_a and_o ancient_o if_o i_o be_v not_o mistake_v most_o inheritance_n be_v part_v among_o the_o child_n as_o we_o find_v in_o hesiod_n work_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n we_o have_v already_o part_v the_o estate_n and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n many_o like_a passage_n there_o be_v in_o old_a poet_n and_o in_o holy_a writ_n but_o as_o i_o say_v what_o be_v those_o trojan_a law_n perhaps_o the_o same_o with_o those_o by_o which_o nephelococcygia_n the_o city_n of_o the_o bird_n in_o aristophanes_n or_o as_o we_o use_v to_o say_v utopia_n be_v govern_v the_o grave_a writer_n do_v acknowledge_v that_o those_o most_o ancient_a time_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n free_a from_o positive_a law_n the_o people_n so_o say_v justin_n 1._o we_o hold_v by_o no_o law_n the_o pleasure_n and_o resolve_n of_o their_o prince_n pass_v for_o law_n or_o be_v instead_o of_o law_n natural_a equity_n like_o the_o lesbian_a rule_n in_o aristotle_n etâ—_n be_v adapt_v apply_v and_o fit_v to_o the_o variety_n of_o emergent_a quarrel_n as_o strife_n order_v overrule_v and_o decide_v all_o controversy_n and_o indeed_o at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n as_o pomponius_n write_v the_o people_n resolve_v to_o live_v without_o any_o certain_a law_n or_o right_n 2._o and_o all_o thing_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o hand_n and_o power_n of_o the_o king_n for_o they_o be_v but_o at_o a_o little_a distance_n from_o the_o golden_a age_n when_o vindice_fw-la nullo_n sponte_fw-la suâ_fw-la sine_fw-la lege_fw-la fidem_fw-la rectumque_fw-la colebant_fw-la poetarumturbâ—_n that_o be_v to_o say_v when_o people_n do_v not_o grudge_v to_o be_v plain_a honest_a without_o law_n or_o judge_n that_o which_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o chiliast_n heretofore_o affirm_v 14._o concern_v the_o sabbatick_a or_o seven_o millenary_a or_o thousand_o year_n of_o the_o world_n and_o those_o shepherd_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o people_n to_o who_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 9_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v into_o who_o hand_n jove_n trust_v his_o law_n and_o sceptre_n for_o command_n do_v govern_v they_o by_o the_o guidance_n of_o virtue_n and_o of_o those_o law_n which_o the_o platonic_n call_n the_o law_n of_o second_o venus_n not_o out_o of_o the_o ambition_n of_o rule_n as_o st._n austin_n have_v it_o but_o out_o of_o duty_n of_o counsel_n nor_o out_o of_o a_o domineer_a pride_n but_o out_o of_o a_o provident_a tenderness_n do_v you_o think_v the_o trojan_n have_v any_o other_o law_n only_o except_o the_o worship_n of_o their_o god_n and_o those_o thing_n which_o belong_v to_o religion_n it_o be_v duty_n osirid_n say_v seneca_n not_o dignity_n to_o reign_v and_o govern_v and_o a_o eye_n and_o a_o sceptre_n among_o the_o egyptian_n be_v the_o absolute_a hieroglyphic_n of_o king_n what_o that_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v law_n to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o those_o old_a poet_n orpheus_n musaeus_n or_o homer_n who_o be_v about_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n after_o the_o destruction_n of_o troy_n as_o josephus_n against_o appio_n plutarch_n homero_n and_o several_a modern_a writer_n have_v remark_v i_o confess_v if_o one_o well_o consider_v it_o this_o remark_n of_o they_o be_v not_o very_o accurate_a for_o we_o very_o often_o read_v in_o homer_n and_o hesiod_n the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v law_n and_o in_o both_o of_o they_o the_o goddess_n eunomia_n from_o the_o same_o theme_n as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v interpret_v be_v but_o they_o by_o legal_a method_n bear_v the_o
quantity_n of_o corn_n or_o cattle_n or_o clothes_n we_o see_v here_o clear_o enough_o the_o nature_n of_o country_n land-holders_n fee_n or_o tenor_n as_o to_o military_a or_o knight_n fee_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o set_v that_o down_o too_o 2._o dionysius_n halicarnasseus_n give_v we_o a_o very_a ancient_a draught_n and_o model_n of_o they_o in_o the_o trojan_n and_o aborigines_n florus_n in_o the_o cymbrian_n and_o lampridius_n in_o alexander_n severus_n both_o the_o northern_a people_n and_o the_o italian_n do_v owe_v they_o to_o the_o huns_n and_o lombard_n but_o these_o late_a according_a to_o a_o more_o modern_a form_n let_v these_o thing_n suffice_v out_o of_o cornelius_n tacitus_n which_o belong_v to_o this_o head_n chap._n xxii_o since_o the_o return_n of_o christianity_n into_o the_o island_n king_n ethelbert_n law_n against_o sacrilege_n thief_n former_o amerce_v in_o cattle_n a_o blot_n upon_o theodred_a the_o good_a bishop_n of_o london_n for_o hang_v thief_n the_o country_n call_v engelond_n by_o order_n of_o king_n egbert_n and_o why_o so_o call_v the_o law_n of_o king_n ina_n alfred_n ethelred_n etc._n etc._n be_v still_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o saxon._n those_o of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o king_n knute_n the_o dane_n be_v put_v forth_o by_o mr._n lambard_n in_o his_o archaeonomia_fw-la before_o that_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n have_v drive_v out_o and_o banish_v the_o saxon_a idolatry_n all_o these_o thing_n i_o have_v hitherto_o be_v speak_v of_o be_v in_o use_n ethelbert_n he_o that_o be_v the_o first_o king_n not_o only_o of_o kent_n but_o of_o all_o england_n except_z northumberland_z have_v be_v baptize_v by_o austin_n the_o monk_n the_o apostle_n as_o some_o call_v he_o of_o the_o english_a among_o other_o good_a thing_n which_o by_o counsel_n and_o grant_v he_o do_v to_o his_o nation_n it_o be_v venerable_a bede_n speak_v these_o word_n he_o do_v also_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o wise_a man_n 5._o appoint_v for_o his_o people_n use_n the_o order_n of_o their_o proceed_n at_o law_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o have_v be_v write_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n say_v he_o be_v hitherto_o or_o to_o this_o time_n keep_v and_o observe_v by_o they_o among_o which_o order_n or_o decree_v he_o set_v down_o in_o the_o first_o place_n after_o what_o manner_n such_o a_o one_o shall_v make_v amends_o who_o shall_v convey_v away_o by_o stealth_n any_o of_o those_o thing_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o church_n or_o to_o a_o bishop_n or_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o order_n in_o the_o law_n of_o some_o that_o come_v after_o he_o as_o those_o of_o king_n alured_n who_o cull_v out_o of_o ethelbert_n act_n to_o make_v up_o his_o own_o and_o those_o of_o king_n athelstan_n thief_n make_v satisfaction_n with_o money_n according_o as_o tacitus_n say_v of_o the_o german_n that_o for_o light_a offence_n those_o that_o be_v convict_v be_v at_o the_o rate_n of_o their_o penalty_n amerce_v such_o a_o number_n of_o horse_n or_o other_o cattle_n for_o ovibus_fw-la as_o festus_n have_v it_o before_o brass_n and_o silver_n be_v coin_a by_o ancient_a custom_n they_o be_v fine_v for_o their_o fault_n so_o much_o cattle_n but_o those_o who_o meddle_v with_o any_o thing_n sacred_a we_o read_v have_v that_o hand_n cut_v off_o with_o which_o they_o commit_v the_o theft_n well!_o but_o be_o i_o mistake_v 13._o or_o be_v sacrilege_n even_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_a government_n punish_v as_o a_o capital_a crime_n there_o be_v a_o passage_n of_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n 1._o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la pontificum_fw-la that_o incline_v i_o to_o think_v so_o speak_v of_o theodred_a the_o bishop_n of_o london_n when_o athelstan_n be_v king_n 17._o he_o say_v that_o he_o have_v among_o the_o common_a people_n get_v the_o surname_n of_o theodred_a the_o good_a for_o the_o eminence_n of_o his_o virtue_n only_o in_o one_o thing_n he_o fall_v short_a which_o be_v rather_o a_o mistake_n than_o a_o crime_n that_o those_o thief_n which_o be_v take_v at_o st._n edmund_n who_o the_o holy_a martyr_n have_v upon_o their_o vain_a attempt_n tie_v with_o a_o invisible_a knot_n he_o mean_v st._n edmundsbury_n in_o suffolk_n 96_o which_o church_n these_o fellow_n have_v a_o design_n to_o rob_v be_v say_v by_o miracle_n to_o have_v stand_v still_o in_o the_o place_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v tie_v with_o cord_n these_o thief_n isaiah_n be_v by_o his_o mean_n or_o sufferance_n give_v up_o to_o the_o severity_n of_o the_o law_n and_o condemn_v to_o the_o gallow_n or_o gibbet_n let_v not_o any_o one_o think_v that_o in_o this_o middle_a age_n this_o gallow_n or_o gibbâ—t_o i_o speak_v of_o be_v any_o other_o thing_n than_o the_o roman_a furca_fw-la upon_o which_o people_n hang_v and_o be_v strangle_v till_o they_o die_v 34._o egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n i_o make_v use_n of_o camden_n word_n have_v get_v in_o four_o kingdom_n by_o conquest_n and_o devour_v the_o other_o two_o also_o in_o hope_n that_o what_o have_v come_v under_o the_o government_n of_o one_o may_v likewise_o go_v under_o one_o name_n and_o that_o he_o may_v keep_v up_o the_o memory_n of_o his_o own_o people_n the_o angles_n he_o give_v order_n by_o proclamation_n that_o the_o heptarchy_n which_o the_o saxon_n have_v possess_v shall_v be_v call_v engelond_n john_n carnotensis_n write_v that_o it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o first_o come_v in_o of_o the_o angle_n and_o another_o some_o body_n say_v it_o be_v so_o name_v from_o hengist_n a_o saxon_a prince_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o law_n of_o king_n ina_n alfred_n edward_n athelstan_n edmund_n edgar_z ethelred_n and_o knute_n the_o dane_n write_v in_o the_o saxon_a language_n which_o have_v last_v till_o these_o very_a time_n for_o king_n knute_n give_v order_v it_o be_v william_n of_o malmsbury_n speak_v that_o all_o the_o law_n which_o have_v be_v make_v by_o former_a king_n and_o especial_o by_o his_o predecessor_n ethelred_n shall_v under_o pain_n of_o his_o displeasure_n and_o a_o fine_a be_v constant_o observe_v for_o the_o keep_n of_o which_o even_o now_o in_o the_o time_n of_o those_o who_o be_v call_v the_o good_a people_n swear_v in_o the_o name_n of_o king_n edward_n not_o that_o he_o appoint_v they_o but_o that_o he_o observe_v they_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n who_o for_o his_o piety_n have_v the_o surname_n of_o confessor_n be_v in_o reader_n hand_n these_o of_o the_o confessor_n be_v in_o latin_a those_o other_o of_o knute_n be_v not_o long_o since_o put_v into_o latin_a by_o william_n lambard_n a_o learned_a man_n and_o one_o very_o well_o verse_v in_o antiquity_n who_o have_v recover_v they_o both_o and_o publish_v the_o saxon_a original_a with_o his_o translation_n over_o against_o it_o print_v by_o john_n day_n at_o london_n anno_fw-la 1567._o under_o the_o title_n of_o archaeonomia_fw-la or_o a_o book_n concern_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o english_a may_v he_o have_v a_o good_a harvest_n of_o it_o as_o he_o deserve_v from_o historian_n let_v we_o borrow_v some_o other_o help_v for_o this_o service_n chap._n xxiii_o king_n alfred_n divide_v england_n into_o county_n or_o shire_n and_o into_o hundred_o and_o tything_n the_o original_a of_o decenna_n or_o courtleet_n friburg_n and_o mainpast_a form_n of_o law_n how_o people_n be_v to_o answer_v for_o those_o who_o they_o have_v in_o borgh_n or_o mainpast_a 35._o ingulph_n the_o abbot_n of_o crowland_n wintoniae_fw-la write_v of_o king_n alfred_n say_v that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o of_o all_o that_o change_v the_o village_n or_o lordship_n and_o province_n of_o all_o england_n into_o county_n or_o shire_n before_o that_o it_o be_v reckon_v and_o divide_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o hide_n or_o plough-land_n by_o little_a district_n or_o quarter_n he_o divide_v the_o county_n into_o hundred_o and_o tything_n it_o be_v long_o before_o that_o honorius_n cantuâ—riâ—nsis_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n have_v part_v the_o country_n into_o parish_n to_o wit_n anno_fw-la 636._o that_o every_o native_a home-born_a lawful_a man_n may_v be_v in_o some_o hundred_o and_o tything_n i_o mean_v whosoever_o be_v full_a twelve_o year_n of_o age_n and_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v suspect_v of_o larceny_n or_o theft_n 19_o he_o may_v in_o his_o own_o hundred_o or_o ward_n be_v either_o condemn_v or_o give_v security_n in_o some_o manuscript_n it_o be_v be_v acquit_v he_o may_v either_o incur_v or_o avoid_v the_o deserve_a penalty_n william_n of_o malmsbury_n add_v to_o this_o that_o he_o that_o can_v not_o find_v security_n be_v afraid_a of_o the_o severity_n of_o the_o law_n and_o if_o any_o guilty_a person_n either_o before_o his_o give_a security_n or_o after_o shall_v make_v his_o escape_n all_o of_o that_o hundred_o and_o tything_n
shall_v incur_v the_o king_n fine_a here_o we_o have_v the_o original_a of_o decenna_n or_o a_o courtleet_n of_o friburg_n and_o perhaps_o of_o mainpast_a which_o thing_n though_o grow_v out_o of_o use_n in_o the_o present_a age_n 20._o yet_o be_v very_o often_o mention_v not_o only_o in_o the_o confessor_n law_n but_o also_o in_o bracton_n and_o in_o other_o record_n of_o our_o law_n what_o decenna_n be_v 10._o the_o word_n itself_o do_v almost_o show_v and_o ingulph_n make_v out_o that_o be_v a_o dousin_n or_o courtleet_n friburg_n or_o borgh_n signify_v a_o surety_n for_o fri_n be_v all_o one_o as_o free_v he_o who_o pass_v his_o word_n for_o another_o good_a behaviour_n or_o good_a bear_n and_o be_v become_v his_o security_n be_v say_v to_o have_v such_o a_o one_o in_o his_o borgh_n be_v engage_v upon_o this_o account_n to_o the_o government_n to_o answer_v for_o he_o if_o he_o misbehave_v himself_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o our_o people_n in_o the_o country_n call_v those_o that_o live_v near_o they_o or_o as_o i_o may_v say_v at_o the_o next_o door_n neighbour_n when_o yet_o those_o that_o will_v find_v out_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o people_n of_o liege_n in_o the_o low_a country_n be_v call_v eburones_n do_v understand_v that_o burgh_n which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o borgh_n to_o stand_v for_o a_o neighbour_n and_o this_o be_v plain_o affirm_v by_o pontus_n heuterus_n 13._o in_o other_o origination_n of_o the_o like_a kind_n manupastus_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o a_o family_n as_o if_o one_o will_v say_v feed_v by_o hand_n 8._o just_o in_o the_o like_a sense_n julius_n pollux_n in_o greek_a term_n a_o master_n of_o a_o family_n trophimos_n that_o be_v the_o feeder_n of_o it_o that_o the_o right_n of_o friburg_n and_o manupast_n be_v in_o use_n with_o the_o english_a some_o five_o or_o six_o generation_n ago_o 293._o be_v manifest_a curio_z a_o priest_n be_v fine_v by_o edward_n the_o three_o because_o there_o have_v be_v one_o of_o his_o family_n a_o murderer_n and_o the_o ancient_a sheet_n concern_v the_o progress_n or_o survey_n of_o kent_n under_o edward_n the_o second_o canâ—_n do_v give_v some_o light_n this_o way_n ralph_n a_o milner_n of_o sandon_n and_o roger_n a_o boy_n of_o the_o say_v ralph_n in_o borgh_n of_o tâ—â—cham_n twicham_n critic_n whoever_o you_o be_v i_o will_v not_o have_v you_o to_o laugh_v at_o this_o home_n spin_v dialect_n come_v by_o night_n to_o the_o mill_n of_o harghe_n and_o then_o and_o there_o murder_v william_n the_o milner_n and_o carry_v away_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n and_o present_o flee_v it_o be_v not_o know_v whither_o they_o be_v go_v and_o the_o jury_n mistrust_v they_o the_o say_v ralph_n and_o roger_n concern_v the_o death_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a william_n therefore_o let_v they_o be_v drive_v out_o and_o outlawed_a they_o have_v no_o chattel_n but_o the_o aforesaid_a ralph_n be_v in_o borgh_n of_o simon_n godwin_n of_o twâ—cham_n who_o at_o present_a have_v he_o not_o and_o therefore_o lie_v at_o mercy_n and_o roger_n be_v not_o in_o borgh_n but_o be_v of_o the_o mainpast_a of_o robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n decease_v there_o be_v no_o engleshire_n present_v the_o verdict_n be_v the_o murder_n upon_o the_o hundred_o the_o first_o discoverer_n of_o it_o and_o three_o neighbour_n be_v since_o dead_a and_o thomas_n broks_n one_o of_o the_o neighbour_n come_v and_o be_v not_o mistrust_v and_o the_o village_n of_o wimesbugewelle_n and_o egestoun_n do_v not_o come_v full_o to_o the_o coroner_n inquest_n and_o be_v therefore_o at_o mercy_n and_o about_o the_o same_o time_n solomon_n roâ—_n of_o ickham_n come_v to_o the_o house_n of_o alice_n the_o daughter_n of_o dennis_n wâ—â—nes_n and_o beat_v she_o and_o strike_v she_o upon_o the_o belly_n with_o a_o staff_n so_o that_o she_o die_v present_o and_o the_o foresay_a solomon_n present_o flee_v and_o the_o jury_n mistrust_v he_o concern_v the_o death_n aforesaid_a therefore_o let_v he_o be_v drive_v out_o and_o be_v outlaw_v he_o have_v no_o chattel_n nor_o be_v he_o in_o borgh_n because_o a_o vagrant_a the_o verdict_n the_o murder_n lie_v upon_o the_o hundred_o etc._n etc._n and_o according_a to_o this_o form_n more_o such_o instance_n but_o let_v it_o suffice_v to_o have_v hint_v at_o these_o thing_n add_v out_o of_o henry_n bracton_n 10._o if_o out_o of_o frankpledge_a a_o offender_n be_v receive_v in_o any_o village_n the_o village_n shall_v be_v at_o mercy_n unless_o he_o that_o flee_v be_v such_o a_o one_o that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v in_o leet_n and_o frankpledge_a as_o noble_n knight_n and_o their_o parent_n their_o elder_a son_n it_o be_v in_o the_o yearly_a record_n of_o law_n in_o edward_n the_o first_o be_v time_n 1._o and_o we_o may_v take_v in_o daughter_n too_o a_o clergyman_n a_o freeman_n i_o fear_v this_o word_n have_v creep_v in_o and_o the_o like_a according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o in_o which_o case_n he_o of_o who_o family_n and_o mainpast_a they_o be_v shall_v be_v bind_v in_o some_o part_n and_o shall_v answer_v for_o they_o unless_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n be_v otherways_o that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o answer_v for_o his_o mainpast_a as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o county_n of_o hertford_n where_o a_o man_n do_v not_o answer_v for_o his_o mainpast_a for_o any_o offence_n unless_o he_o return_v after_o felony_n or_o he_o receive_v he_o after_o the_o offence_n commit_v as_o in_o the_o circuit_n of_o m._n de_fw-fr pateshull_n in_o the_o county_n of_o hertford_n in_o such_o a_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o in_o soothe_v these_o usage_n do_v partly_o remain_v in_o our_o tything_n and_o hundred_o not_o at_o all_o hitherto_o repeal_v or_o wear_v out_o of_o fashion_n chap._n xxiv_o king_n alfred_n first_o appoint_v sheriff_n by_o duns_n scotus_n his_o advice_n he_o give_v order_n for_o the_o breed_n up_o of_o youth_n in_o learning_n by_o the_o way_n what_o a_o hide_n of_o land_n be_v king_n edgar_n law_n for_o drink_v prelate_n investiture_n by_o the_o king_n ring_n and_o staff_n king_n knute_n law_n against_o any_o englishman_n that_o shall_v kill_v a_o dane_n hence_o englescyre_n the_o manner_n of_o subscribe_v and_o seal_v till_o edward_n the_o confessor_n time_n king_n harald_n law_n that_o no_o welshman_n shall_v come_v on_o this_o side_n offa_n dike_n with_o a_o weapon_n 36._o the_o governor_n of_o province_n who_o before_o be_v style_v deputy-lieutenant_n we_o return_v to_o ingulph_n and_o king_n alfred_n he_o divide_v into_o two_o office_n that_o be_v into_o judge_n who_o we_o now_o call_v justice_n and_o into_o sheriff_n who_o do_v still_o retain_v the_o same_o name_n away_o then_o with_o polydore_n virgil_n who_o fetch_v the_o first_o sheriff_n from_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n 37._o john_n scot_n erigena_n advise_v the_o king_n that_o he_o will_v have_v his_o subject_n instruct_v in_o good_a letter_n and_o that_o to_o that_o end_n he_o will_v by_o his_o edict_n take_v care_n of_o that_o which_o may_v be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o learning_n whereupon_o he_o give_v strict_a order_n to_o all_o freeman_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n 207._o who_o do_v at_o least_o possess_v two_o hide_n of_o land_n that_o they_o shall_v hold_v and_o keep_v their_o child_n till_o the_o time_n of_o fifteen_o year_n of_o their_o age_n to_o learning_n and_o shall_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n diligent_o instruct_v they_o to_o know_v god_n a_o hide_n of_o land_n that_o i_o may_v note_v it_o once_o for_o all_o and_o a_o plough_n land_n that_o be_v as_o much_o land_n as_o can_v be_v well_o turn_v up_o and_o till_v with_o one_o plough_n every_o year_n be_v read_v as_o synonymous_a term_n of_o the_o same_o sense_n in_o huntingdon_n matthew_n paris_n thomas_n walsingham_n and_o express_o in_o a_o very_a old_a charter_n of_o dunstan_n although_o some_o take_v a_o hide_n for_o a_o hundred_o acre_n and_o other_o otherwise_o do_v thou_o if_o thou_o have_v rather_o so_o do_v fancy_n it_o to_o be_v as_o much_o ground_n as_o one_o can_v compass_v about_o with_o a_o bullhide_n cut_v into_o thong_n as_o queen_n dido_n do_v at_o carthage_n there_o be_v some_o who_o be_v not_o unwilling_a to_o have_v it_o so_o understand_v 38._o king_n edgar_z like_o a_o king_n of_o good_a fellow_n or_o master_n of_o revel_n make_v a_o law_n for_o drink_v he_o give_v order_v that_o stud_n or_o knob_n of_o silver_n or_o gold_n so_o malmsbury_n tell_v we_o shall_v be_v fasten_v to_o the_o side_n of_o their_o cup_n or_o drink_a vessel_n that_o when_o every_o one_o know_v his_o mark_n or_o boundary_a he_o shall_v out_o of_o modesty_n not_o either_o himself_o covet_v or_o force_v another_o to_o desire_v more_o than_o his_o stint_n this_o be_v the_o only_a law_n
all_o thing_n in_o william_n time_n be_v new_a how_o can_v a_o man_n choose_v but_o believe_v it_o the_o abbot_n of_o crowland_n say_v this_o of_o it_o i_o have_v bring_v with_o i_o from_o london_n into_o my_o monastery_n the_o law_n of_o the_o most_o righteous_a king_n edward_n which_o my_o renown_a lord_n king_n william_n have_v by_o proclamation_n order_v under_o most_o grievous_a penalty_n to_o be_v authentic_a and_o perpetual_a to_o be_v keep_v inviolable_o throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o have_v recommend_v they_o to_o his_o justice_n in_o the_o same_o language_n wherein_o they_o be_v at_o first_o set_v forth_o and_o publish_v and_o in_o the_o life_n of_o fretherick_n abbot_n of_o s._n alban_n you_o have_v this_o account_n after_o many_o debate_n archbishop_n lanfrank_n be_v then_o present_a at_o berkhamstead_n in_o hartfordshire_n the_o king_n do_v for_o the_o good_a of_o peace_n take_v his_o oath_n upon_o all_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o church_n of_o 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the_o defeat_n and_o death_n of_o harald_n the_o usurper_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v free_o obtain_v and_o enjoy_v the_o kingdom_n upon_o this_o condition_n to_o wit_n that_o he_o will_v keep_v the_o law_n which_o have_v before_o be_v make_v by_o the_o forementioned_a edward_n which_o edward_n true_o have_v also_o give_v law_n to_o the_o norman_n as_o have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n also_o bring_v up_o himself_o in_o normandy_n where_o then_o i_o pray_v you_o be_v the_o make_n of_o new_a law_n why_o without_o doubt_n according_a to_o tilbury_n we_o be_v to_o think_v that_o together_o with_o the_o ratify_n of_o old_a law_n there_o be_v mingle_v the_o make_n of_o some_o new_a one_o and_o in_o this_o case_n one_o may_v say_v true_o with_o the_o poet_n in_o his_o panegyric_n firmatur_fw-la senium_fw-la juris_fw-la honorli_n priscamque_fw-la resumunt_fw-la canitiem_fw-la leges_fw-la emendanturque_fw-la vetustae_fw-la acceduntque_fw-la novae_fw-la which_o in_o english_a speak_v to_o this_o sense_n the_o law_n old_a age_n stand_v firm_a by_o royal_a care_n statute_n resume_v their_o ancient_a gray_a hair_n old_a one_o be_v mend_v with_o a_o fresh_a repair_n and_o for_o supply_v some_o new_a one_o add_v be_v see_v here_o we_o impart_v unto_o thou_o reader_n these_o new_a law_n with_o other_o thing_n which_o thou_o may_v just_o look_v for_o at_o my_o hand_n in_o this_o place_n chap._n ii_o the_o whole_a country_n enrol_v in_o doomsday_n book_n why_o that_o book_n so_o call_v robert_n of_o glocester_n verse_n to_o prove_v it_o the_o original_a of_o charter_n and_o seal_n from_o the_o norman_n practise_v of_o old_a among_o the_o french_a who_o among_o the_o roman_n have_v the_o privilege_n of_o use_v ring_n to_o seal_v with_o and_o who_o not_o 1._o he_o cause_v all_o england_n to_o be_v describe_v and_o enrol_v a_o whole_a company_n of_o monk_n be_v of_o equal_a authority_n in_o this_o business_n doomsday_n but_o we_o make_v use_v of_o florentius_n of_o worcester_n for_o our_o witness_n at_o this_o time_n how_o much_o land_n every_o one_o of_o his_o baron_n be_v possess_v of_o how_o many_o soldier_n in_o fee_n how_o many_o plough_n how_o many_o villain_n how_o many_o live_a creature_n or_o cattle_n i_o and_o how_o much_o ready_a money_n every_o one_o be_v master_n of_o throughout_o all_o his_o kingdom_n from_o the_o great_a to_o the_o least_o and_o how_o much_o revenue_n or_o rent_n every_o possession_n or_o estate_n be_v able_a to_o yield_v that_o breviary_n or_o present_a state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v lodge_v in_o the_o archive_v for_o the_o generality_n of_o it_o contain_v entire_o all_o the_o tenement_n or_o tenor_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n or_o land_n be_v call_v doomsday_n as_o if_o one_o will_v say_v the_o day_n of_o doom_n or_o judgement_n for_o this_o reason_n say_v he_o of_o tilbury_n we_o call_v the_o same_o doomsday_n book_n not_o that_o there_o be_v in_o it_o sentence_v give_v concern_v any_o doubtful_a case_n propose_v but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a upon_o any_o account_n to_o depart_v from_o the_o doom_n or_o judgement_n aforesaid_a reader_n if_o it_o will_v not_o make_v thy_o nice_a stomach_n wamble_v let_v i_o bring_v in_o here_o a_o old_a fashion_a rhyme_n which_o will_v hardly_o go_v down_o with_o our_o dainty_a finical_a verse-wrights_a of_o a_o historical_a poet_n robert_n of_o gloucester_n one_o who_o for_o his_o antiquity_n i_o must_v not_o slight_a concern_v this_o book_n the_o k._n w._n warrant_v to_o wite_v the_o worth_n of_o his_o land_n let_v enqueri_fw-la streitliche_fw-it thoru_fw-la all_o engelonde_n how_o moni_fw-la plou_fw-fr land_n and_o how_o moni_fw-la hiden_n also_o be_v in_o everich_a sire_n and_o wat_fw-mi hii_fw-la be_v wurth_o yereto_o and_o the_o rent_n of_o each_o toun_n and_o of_o the_o water_n echone_v that_o wurth_o and_o of_o wood_n eke_o that_o there_o ne_fw-mi bileve_v none_o but_o that_o he_o wist_v wat_fw-mi hii_fw-la be_v wurth_o of_o all_o engelonde_n and_o wite_v all_o clean_a that_o wurth_o thereof_o ich_fw-mi understond_v and_o let_v it_o write_v clean_o inou_a and_o that_o scrit_n dude_v iwis_o in_o the_o tresorie_n at_o westminster_n there_o it_o yut_o be_v so_o that_o ure_n king_n such_o when_o hii_fw-la ransom_n take_v and_o ready_a wat_fw-mi folc_n may_v give_v hii_fw-la fond_a there_o in_o your_o book_n consider_v how_o the_o english_a language_n be_v every_o day_n more_o and_o more_o refine_a this_o be_v but_o a_o rude_a piece_n and_o look_v scurvy_o enough_o but_o yet_o let_v we_o not_o be_v unmindful_a neither_o that_o even_o the_o fine_a trim_n artifices_fw-la of_o our_o quaint_a master_n of_o expression_n will_v themselves_o perhaps_o one_o day_n in_o future_a age_n that_o shall_v be_v more_o critical_a run_v the_o same_o risk_a of_o censure_n and_o undergo_v the_o like_a misfortune_n and_o that_o multa_fw-la renascentur_fw-la quae_fw-la nunc_fw-la cecidere_fw-la poetic_a cadentque_fw-la quae_fw-la nunc_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o honore_fw-la as_o horace_n the_o poet_n bear_v at_o venusium_n tell_v we_o that_o be_v several_a word_n which_o now_o be_v fall_v full_a low_a shall_v up_o again_o to_o place_v of_o honour_n start_v and_o word_n that_o now_o in_o great_a esteem_n i_o trow_v be_v hold_v shall_v short_o with_o their_o honour_n part_n 2._o the_o norman_n call_v their_o write_n give_v under_o their_o hand_n charter_n i_o speak_v this_o out_o of_o ingulph_n and_o they_o order_v the_o confirmation_n of_o such_o charter_n with_o a_o impression_n of_o wax_n by_o every_o one_o particular_a seal_n under_o the_o testimony_n and_o subscription_n of_o three_o or_o four_o witness_n stand_v by_o but_o edward_n the_o confessor_n have_v also_o his_o seal_n though_o that_o too_o from_o normandy_n for_o in_o his_o time_n as_o the_o same_o writer_n say_v many_o of_o the_o english_a begin_v to_o let_v slip_n and_o lay_v aside_o the_o english_a fashion_n bring_v in_o those_o of_o the_o norman_n in_o their_o stead_n and_o in_o many_o thing_n to_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o frank_n all_o great_a person_n to_o speak_v the_o french_a tongue_n in_o their_o court_n look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o great_a piece_n of_o gentility_n to_o make_v their_o charter_n and_o write_n alamode_o of_o france_n and_o to_o be_v ashamed_a of_o their_o own_o country_n usage_n in_o these_o and_o other_o like_a case_n nay_o and_o if_o leland_n leland_n a_o eye-witness_n may_v be_v believe_v our_o great_a prince_n arthur_n have_v his_o seal_n also_o which_o he_o say_v he_o see_v in_o the_o church_n of_o westminster_n with_o this_o very_a inscription_n patritius_fw-la arthurius_n britanniae_fw-la galliae_fw-la germaniae_fw-la daciae_fw-la imperator_fw-la that_o be_v the_o right_a noble_a arthur_n emperor_n of_o britanny_n france_n germany_n and_o transylvania_n but_o that_o the_o saxon_n have_v this_o from_o the_o norman_n be_v a_o thing_n out_o of_o all_o question_n their_o grant_n or_o letter_n
heir_n after_o his_o ancestor_n decease_n further_o in_o the_o king_n writ_n as_o glanvil_n cite_v it_o it_o be_v say_v that_o twelve_o plough-land_n make_v one_o knight_n fee_n which_o allow_v to_o a_o ploughland_n one_o hundred_o &_o twenty_o acre_n amount_n to_o one_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o and_o forty_o acre_n in_o the_o main_a as_o to_o the_o value_n of_o a_o knight_n fee_n it_o be_v enough_o what_o cowell_n tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v so_o much_o inheritance_n as_o be_v sufficient_a yearly_a to_o maintain_v a_o knight_n with_o convenient_a revenue_n which_o in_o henry_n the_o three_o day_n camden_n say_v be_v fifteen_o pound_n and_o sir_n thomas_n smith_n rate_v at_o forty_o but_o to_o confirm_v the_o account_n which_o our_o author_n here_o give_v we_o we_o find_v in_o the_o statute_n for_o knight_n in_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o second_o that_o such_o as_o have_v twenty_o pound_n in_o fee_n or_o for_o term_n of_o life_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la may_v be_v compel_v to_o be_v knight_n and_o as_o to_o the_o various_a measure_n of_o land_n of_o which_o we_o have_v have_v a_o remarkable_a instance_n in_o this_o business_n before_o we_o spelman_n have_v give_v we_o good_a reason_n for_o it_o since_o where_o the_o land_n be_v good_a they_o may_v probable_o reckon_v the_o few_o acre_n to_o a_o yard-land_n a_o hide_n a_o knight_n fee_n etc._n etc._n and_o where_o it_o be_v barren_a they_o may_v allow_v the_o more_o beside_o that_o some_o lord_n who_o let_v these_o fee_n may_v be_v more_o bountiful_a and_o profuse_a other_o more_o parsimonious_a and_o severe_a to_o their_o dependent_n and_o that_o the_o service_n which_o be_v impose_v upon_o these_o fee_n may_v in_o some_o manor_n according_a to_o custom_n be_v light_a in_o other_o upon_o agreement_n and_o covenant_n more_o heavy_a all_o which_o may_v strange_o diversify_v the_o account_n as_o to_o the_o quantity_n or_o measure_n of_o those_o land_n which_o be_v to_o make_v up_o a_o knight_n fee._n chap._n xviii_o pag._n 91._o lin_v 4._o a_o little_a habergeon_n or_o coat_n of_o mail._n in_o latin_a halbergellum_fw-la a_o diminutive_a from_o the_o saxon_a halsberg_n armour_n for_o the_o neck_n and_o breast_n it_o be_v write_v also_o haubergellum_fw-la and_o hambergellum_fw-la they_o mistake_v themselves_o who_o translate_v it_o a_o halberd_n in_o french_a halebarde_n anoffensive_a weapon_n for_o a_o coat_n of_o mail_n which_o be_v armour_n of_o defence_n in_o french_a haubert_n or_o hauberk_n whence_o fee_n de_fw-fr hauberk_n which_o we_o have_v already_o explain_v somewhere_o before_o lin._n 5._o a_o capelet_n of_o iron_n a_o little_a iron_n or_o steel_n cap_n instead_o of_o a_o head-piece_n or_o helmet_n which_o the_o better_a sort_n wear_v for_o by_o compare_v this_o with_o the_o two_o foregoing_a section_n we_o find_v they_o be_v to_o have_v a_o difference_n of_o arm_n according_a to_o their_o different_a quality_n and_o estate_n lin._n 7._o a_o wambais_n wambasium_n or_o wambasia_n so_o call_v i_o suppose_v because_o it_o reach_v over_o the_o belly_n or_o womb_n be_v a_o jacket_n or_o coat_n of_o defence_n use_v in_o stead_n of_o the_o coat_n of_o mail_n perhaps_o like_a unto_o our_o buff-coat_n though_o probable_o not_o of_o leather_n only_o but_o of_o any_o other_o material_a as_o the_o wearer_n shall_v think_v fit_a pag._n 92._o lin_v 6._o timber_n for_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n in_o latin_a here_o mairemia_n write_v also_o meremia_n and_o meremium_fw-la and_o maremium_fw-la and_o muremium_fw-la from_o the_o french_a meresme_fw-fr timber_n to_o build_v with_o lin._n 14._o stercutius_n saturn_n so_o call_v as_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n of_o dung_v land_n lin._n 28._o under_o the_o title_n of_o freeman_n here_o the_o author_n himself_o have_v in_o the_o latin_a add_v a_o marginal_a note_n which_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o remove_v to_o this_o place_n he_o say_v that_o among_o the_o ancient_a german_n the_o always_o free_a the_o middlemost_a free_a and_o the_o lowermost_a free_a be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o class_n and_o several_a rank_n of_o the_o lesser_a noble_n i._n e._n of_o their_o gentry_n for_o the_o title_n of_o nobless_n as_o also_o in_o our_o vulgar_a language_n be_v give_v only_o to_o prince_n and_o great_a men._n and_o for_o this_o he_o quote_v munster_n cosmog_n lib._n 3._o chap._n xix_o pag._n 93._o l._n 32._o in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o carnutes_n a_o people_n of_o france_n who_o country_n be_v call_v chartrain_n and_o their_o chief_a city_n chartres_n about_o eighteen_o league_n from_o paris_n eastward_o that_o town_n eight_o mile_n off_o call_v dreux_n in_o latin_a drocum_fw-la be_v so_o name_v from_o the_o druid_n who_o dwell_v there_o at_o first_o and_o likely_a enough_o afterward_o often_o resort_v thither_o p._n 94._o l._n 37._o of_o the_o three_o estate_n the_o king_n the_o lord_n and_o the_o commons_o there_o be_v indeed_o three_o order_n or_o estate_n acknowledge_v by_o true_a divine_n and_o sound_a lawyer_n in_o the_o english_a government_n to_o wit_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a the_o lord_n temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n but_o the_o fundamental_a mistake_n of_o our_o learned_a author_n be_v that_o he_o have_v join_v those_o two_o sort_n of_o lord_n who_o very_a character_n show_v they_o to_o be_v of_o a_o distinct_a species_n though_o as_o to_o the_o public_a welfare_n and_o the_o king_n service_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o interest_n into_o one_o estate_n and_o to_o make_v up_o the_o three_o estate_n think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o bring_v in_o the_o king_n himself_o for_o one_o who_o be_v lord_n paramount_n over_o all_o the_o three_o and_o by_o this_o mean_n ipsam_fw-la majestatem_fw-la in_o ordinem_fw-la redigere_fw-la i_o call_v this_o a_o fundamental_a mistake_n as_o a_o most_o probable_a ground_n of_o rebellion_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o baron_n war_n and_o in_o our_o late_a civil_a broil_n inasmuch_o as_o if_o the_o king_n make_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n as_o they_o fancy_v he_o do_v and_o have_v as_o they_o do_v from_o thence_o conclude_v he_o have_v no_o more_o but_o a_o coordinate_a power_n with_o both_o or_o either_o of_o the_o other_o two_o estate_n that_o then_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o both_o or_o either_o of_o those_o estate_n in_o case_n of_o public_a grievance_n to_o quarrel_v the_o king_n their_o coordinate_a if_o he_o will_v not_o give_v way_n to_o their_o redress_n that_o be_v if_o he_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o do_v what_o they_o will_v have_v he_o to_o do_v and_o upon_o his_o refusal_n of_o so_o do_v to_o raise_v war_n against_o he_o to_o sequester_v and_o murder_v his_o loyal_a adherent_n to_o destroy_v his_o royal_a person_n and_o final_o if_o he_o escape_v the_o hazard_n of_o battle_n when_o they_o get_v he_o into_o their_o hand_n to_o bring_v he_o to_o account_v for_o a_o pretend_a male_a administration_n and_o the_o violation_n of_o a_o trust_n which_o god_n and_o not_o the_o people_n put_v into_o his_o hand_n and_o have_v go_v so_o far_o that_o they_o may_v if_o possible_a secure_v themselves_o to_o put_v the_o monarch_n to_o death_n and_o to_o extirpate_v monarchy_n itself_o this_o be_v the_o ground_n and_o method_n of_o our_o late_a republican_n policy_n and_o practice_n wherein_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o foresee_v what_o example_n they_o set_v against_o themselves_o suppose_v this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n in_o their_o sense_n to_o be_v true_a and_o that_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o have_v a_o equality_n of_o trust_n and_o parity_n of_o power_n that_o the_o same_o outrage_n which_o the_o rump-commoner_n act_v against_o the_o king_n to_o the_o destroy_n of_o he_o and_o against_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o out_n of_o they_o and_o vote_v they_o useless_a and_o dangerous_a as_o to_o their_o share_n of_o government_n may_v one_o time_n or_o other_o be_v more_o plausible_o promote_v and_o more_o effectual_o put_v in_o execution_n by_o one_o or_o both_o of_o the_o other_o two_o estate_n with_o the_o help_n and_o assistance_n of_o great_a number_n of_o the_o commoner_n as_o there_o ever_o will_v be_v in_o such_o national_a division_n against_o themselves_o and_o all_o man_n whatever_o of_o such_o pernicious_a and_o destructive_a principle_n no._n this_o false_a doctrine_n i_o hope_v will_v never_o obtain_v among_o we_o and_o our_o english_a government_n be_v so_o well_o constitute_v that_o our_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o our_o worthy_a commoner_n will_v find_v it_o the_o interest_n of_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n that_o they_o will_v ever_o have_v that_o duty_n and_o deference_n to_o our_o sovereign_n as_o may_v secure_v he_o and_o we_o and_o discourage_v the_o design_n and_o defeat_v the_o attempt_n of_o all_o such_o as_o wish_v ill_o to_o his_o honour_n and_o safety_n or_o to_o the_o public_a peace_n
beside_o be_v it_o rational_a to_o imagine_v that_o the_o king_n who_o absolute_a right_n by_o law_n it_o be_v to_o convene_v the_o estate_n when_o and_o where_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o call_v and_o dissolve_v parliament_n as_o he_o please_v in_o a_o word_n that_o he_o in_o who_o name_n all_o justice_n be_v administer_v in_o who_o hand_n the_o militia_n be_v and_o by_o who_o authority_n alone_o the_o subject_n can_v take_v up_o arm_n shall_v stand_v only_o in_o a_o co-ordination_a of_o power_n with_o any_o other_o person_n whatsoever_o or_o however_o assemble_v or_o associate_v within_o his_o dominion_n this_o flaw_n i_o can_v not_o but_o take_v notice_n of_o in_o our_o great_a author_n and_o that_o only_a with_o a_o intention_n to_o undeceive_v the_o unwary_a reader_n and_o not_o to_o reflect_v upon_o his_o memory_n who_o though_o he_o keep_v along_o a_o great_a while_n with_o the_o long_a parliament_n yet_o never_o appear_v in_o action_n for_o they_o that_o ever_o i_o hear_v much_o less_o use_v or_o own_v that_o virulence_n and_o violence_n which_o many_o other_o of_o that_o ill_a body_n of_o man_n judge_v necessary_a for_o their_o proceed_n chap._n xx._n pag._n 96._o lin_v 15._o alderman_n of_o england_n the_o word_n alderman_n in_o saxon_a ealdorman_a have_v various_a acception_n so_o as_o to_o signify_v all_o sort_n almost_o of_o governor_n and_o magistrate_n so_o matth._n 20._o 25._o the_o prince_n of_o the_o gentile_n in_o the_o saxon_a translation_n be_v call_v ealdorman_n and_o holofernes_n i_o remember_v the_o general_n of_o the_o assyrian_a army_n be_v in_o a_o old_a english_a translation_n call_v the_o alderman_n of_o the_o army_n so_o aethelstan_n who_o young_a son_n this_o ailwin_n be_v be_v duke_n or_o captain_n general_n of_o the_o east-saxons_a be_v in_o this_o book_n of_o ramsey_n style_v alderman_n the_o most_o proper_a importance_n of_o the_o word_n bear_v up_o with_o the_o latin_a senator_n i._n e._n parliament-man_n as_o the_o law_n of_o s._n edward_n make_v out_o in_o like_a manner_n say_v they_o heretofore_o among_o the_o briton_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o this_o kingdom_n of_o britanny_n they_o be_v call_v senator_n who_o afterward_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n be_v call_v alderman_n not_o so_o much_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o age_n as_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o wisdom_n and_o dignity_n in_o that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v but_o young_a man_n yet_o be_v skill_v in_o the_o law_n and_o beside_o that_o be_v experience_v person_n now_o that_o alderman_n of_o england_n as_o ailwin_n here_o be_v have_v to_o do_v in_o affair_n of_o justice_n appear_v by_o the_o foresay_a book_n of_o ramsey_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o ailwin_n the_o alderman_n and_o aedric_n the_o king_n provost_n sit_v judge_n in_o a_o certain_a court_n the_o alderman_n of_o the_o county_n our_o author_n make_v to_o be_v the_o same_o as_o the_o earl_n or_o lord_n of_o the_o county_n and_o spelman_n say_v it_o be_v hard_o to_o distinguish_v but_o at_o length_n place_v he_o in_o the_o middle_n betwixt_o the_o count_n and_o viscount_n he_o and_o the_o bishop_n keep_v court_n together_o the_o one_o for_o temporal_n the_o other_o for_o spiritual_n the_o title_n go_v low_a still_o to_o denote_v a_o mayor_n or_o bailiff_n of_o a_o corporation_n a_o bailiff_n of_o a_o hundred_o etc._n etc._n lin._n 30._o healf-koning_a it_o be_v a_o oversight_n or_o slip_n of_o memory_n in_o our_o author_n to_o say_v that_o ailwin_n be_v so_o call_v when_o the_o book_n of_o ramsey_n tell_v we_o it_o be_v his_o father_n aethelstan_n who_o be_v of_o that_o great_a power_n and_o diligence_n that_o all_o the_o business_n of_o the_o kingdom_n go_v through_o his_o hand_n and_o be_v manage_v as_o he_o please_v that_o have_v that_o nick_n name_v give_v he_o therefore_o lin._n 36._o the_o grave_n our_o author_n make_v they_o subordinate_a to_o the_o alderman_n of_o county_n but_o in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n they_o appear_v to_o be_v muchwhat_o the_o same_o there_o we_o read_v and_o as_o they_o be_v now_o call_v greves_n who_o be_v put_v in_o place_n of_o rule_n over_o other_o so_o they_o be_v ancient_o among_o the_o english_a call_v ealderman_n indeed_o the_o word_n greve_n or_o reev_n for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o be_v of_o as_o various_a use_n as_o that_o other_o of_o alderman_n be_v in_o saxon_a it_o be_v gerefa_n from_o gerefen_n and_o reafen_v to_o take_v or_o carry_v away_o to_o exact_v or_o gather_v whence_o this_o officer_n graphio_n or_o gravius_n from_o the_o saxon_a be_v in_o other_o latin_a call_v exactor_n regius_fw-la and_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o sheriff_n gather_v the_o king_n fine_n and_o other_o duty_n and_o return_v they_o to_o the_o exchequer_n he_o be_v call_v the_o shire-greve_a or_o shire-reev_a that_o be_v the_o gatherer_n of_o the_o county_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o greve_n or_o reev_n come_v at_o last_o in_o general_a to_o signify_v any_o ruler_n or_o governor_n set_v over_o any_o place_n almost_o whatever_a as_o the_o same_o word_n grave_a do_v among_o the_o dutch._n so_o a_o shire-greve_a or_o bihgerefa_n the_o high_a sheriff_n of_o a_o county_n a_o port-greve_a the_o governor_n of_o a_o city_n or_o port._n so_o the_o lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n be_v call_v former_o tun-greve_a the_o bailiff_n of_o a_o town_n or_o manor_n sometime_o greve_n be_v take_v for_o a_o count_n or_o earl_n as_o alderman_n be_v chap._n xxi_o pag._n 98._o lin_v 22._o for_o toll_n and_o gabell_n in_o the_o latin_a pro_fw-la theolonio_fw-la &_o gablo_fw-mi now_o telonium_fw-la from_o the_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d proper_o signify_v the_o place_n where_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o custom_n receive_v the_o king_n duty_n but_o be_v use_v also_o for_o a_o duty_n pay_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o bridge_n and_o river-bank_n so_o hotoman_n but_o in_o our_o law_n it_o be_v take_v for_o the_o toll_n of_o a_o market_n or_o fair._n and_o gablum_fw-la or_o gabellum_fw-la a_o gabell_n from_o the_o saxon_a gafol_n or_o gafel_v signify_v any_o impost_n upon_o good_n as_o that_o in_o france_n upon_o salt_n etc._n etc._n also_o tribute_n custom_n any_o kind_n of_o tax_n or_o payment_n etc._n etc._n lin._n 32._o through_o the_o street_n of_o coventry_n there_o be_v a_o famous_a tradition_n among_o the_o people_n of_o that_o town_n concern_v this_o matter_n that_o the_o lady_n be_v to_o ride_v naked_a only_o cover_v all_o over_o with_o her_o hair_n have_v give_v order_n for_o the_o more_o decent_a performance_n of_o her_o procession_n that_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n shall_v that_o day_n keep_v their_o shop_n and_o door_n and_o window_n shut_v but_o that_o two_o man_n tempt_v by_o their_o curiosity_n to_o do_v what_o fool_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v have_v some_o such_o penalty_n i_o know_v not_o what_o it_o be_v inflict_v upon_o they_o as_o actaon_n have_v for_o the_o like_a offence_n and_o they_o now_o stand_v in_o some_o public_a place_n cut_v out_o of_o wood_n or_o stone_n to_o be_v show_v to_o any_o strange_a that_o come_v thither_o like_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o two_o loggerhead_n with_o the_o same_o motto_n belike_o nous_fw-fr sommes_fw-fr trois_fw-fr pag._n 99_o lin_v 7._o bring_v in_o my_o court_n a_o certain_a toper_n in_o the_o latin_a attulit_fw-la in_o curiâ_fw-la meâ_fw-la quandam_fw-la toper_n i_o know_v what_o the_o adverb_n toper_n signify_v among_o the_o ancient_a latin_n but_o what_o the_o word_n mean_v here_o i_o confess_v i_o be_o in_o the_o dark_a it_o do_v certain_o stand_v for_o some_o thing_n i_o be_v think_v a_o taper_n which_o he_o bring_v with_o he_o into_o court_n and_o swear_v upon_o it_o as_o he_o shall_v have_v do_v upon_o the_o holy_a gospel_n i_o can_v imagine_v that_o by_o quandam_fw-la toper_n shall_v be_v intend_v some_o woman_n or_o girl_n who_o name_n be_v toper_n who_o he_o bring_v along_o with_o he_o and_o in_o defiance_n to_o the_o court_n lay_v his_o hand_n upon_o she_o take_v his_o oath_n as_o formal_o as_o if_o he_o have_v do_v it_o upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n reader_n one_o thing_n i_o forget_v to_o acquaint_v thou_o with_o in_o the_o preface_n that_o whereas_o the_o author_n himself_o have_v divide_v each_o book_n into_o several_a section_n which_o be_v very_o unequal_a and_o incommodious_a i_o think_v it_o much_o more_o convenient_a for_o thy_o ease_n and_o profit_n to_o distribute_v they_o into_o chapter_n together_o with_o the_o argument_n or_o content_n of_o each_o chapter_n at_o the_o beginning_n and_o withal_o that_o no_o one_o may_v complain_v that_o i_o have_v injure_v the_o author_n by_o alter_v his_o method_n i_o have_v leave_v his_o section_n also_o mark_v with_o a_o numeral_a note_n 1_o 2_o 3_o etc._n etc._n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o inner_a or_o outer_a margin_n