conjecturer_n in_o such_o case_n be_v the_o best_a critic_n it_o be_v plain_a from_o the_o historian_n etc._n v._o tristan_n tom._n 3._o p._n 2â—8_n etc._n etc._n that_o there_o be_v violent_a contest_v between_o herod_n and_o zenobia_n while_o odenathus_n be_v alive_a as_o it_o seldom_o happen_v that_o mothers-in-law_n look_v over-favourable_o on_o their_o predecessor_n child_n but_o that_o those_o dispute_v serve_v only_o to_o advance_v the_o son_n in_o his_o father_n favour_n who_o have_v declare_v he_o his_o copartner_n a_o little_a while_n after_o himself_o have_v be_v make_v emperor_n and_o consequent_o his_o successor_n and_o according_o the_o coin_n mention_v the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n whereas_o odenathus_n wear_v the_o purple_a but_o four_o year_n be_v then_o murder_v and_o with_o he_o his_o son_n herod_n upon_o who_o death_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o vaballathus_n immediate_o assume_v the_o imperial_a title_n and_o dignity_n as_o in_o right_n he_o ought_v and_o probable_o be_v confirm_v in_o his_o pretension_n by_o claudius_n and_o aurelian_a otherwise_o his_o name_n and_o title_n can_v never_o have_v appear_v on_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o aurelian_a for_o neither_o zenobia_n nor_o either_o of_o her_o son_n name_n be_v find_v on_o any_o of_o the_o imperial_a coin_n of_o the_o roman_n because_o in_o open_a hostility_n with_o they_o which_o confirm_v i_o that_o vaballathus_n be_v not_o the_o son_n of_o that_o great_a queen_n his_o four_o year_n be_v coincident_a with_o the_o first_o his_o fifth_z with_o the_o second_o of_o aurelian_a which_o unquestionable_o prove_v he_o to_o have_v be_v declare_v augustus_n as_o soon_o as_o his_o father_n be_v dead_a but_o be_v convince_v that_o zenobia_n have_v make_v the_o army_n firm_a to_o her_o interest_n and_o declare_v she_o own_o son_n emperor_n he_o flee_v to_o the_o roman_n for_o protection_n who_o be_v well_o assure_v of_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o title_n his_o grandfather_n odenathus_n have_v be_v declare_v emperor_n at_o rome_n who_o right_a heir_n vâ—ballathus_n be_v whereas_o zenobia_n have_v no_o such_o pretension_n treat_v he_o with_o that_o respect_n which_o those_o great_a prince_n use_v to_o pay_v to_o distress_a monarch_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o in_o gratitude_n to_o his_o patron_n he_o assist_v aurelian_a not_o only_o with_o the_o equity_n of_o his_o cause_n but_o with_o what_o force_n he_o can_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o have_v the_o satisfaction_n to_o see_v his_o competitor_n conquer_v and_o lead_v captive_a to_o rome_n 73._o goltz_n thesaur_n p._n 73._o and_o the_o coin_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o bear_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o aurelian_a which_o be_v the_o seven_o of_o vaballathus_n αυτ._n κ._n ουαβαλλαθοϲϲεβ_n λ._n ζ_n which_o be_v the_o year_n after_o palmyra_n be_v ruin_v from_o whence_o it_o plain_o appear_v to_o i_o that_o he_o be_v a_o confederate_a of_o the_o roman_n in_o that_o war_n his_o effigy_n and_o title_n be_v stamp_v on_o the_o reverse_n of_o aurelian_n coïn_n that_o very_a year_n that_o he_o undertake_v his_o expedition_n into_o the_o east_n as_o well_o as_o the_o year_n after_o zenobia_n be_v subdue_v for_o that_o be_v a_o privilege_n never_o grant_v but_o to_o those_o prince_n who_o be_v in_o league_n with_o and_o have_v do_v good_a service_n to_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n so_o rhemetalces_n king_n of_o thrace_n be_v join_v with_o augustus_n and_o abgarus_n the_o toparch_n of_o edessa_n with_o marcus_n aurelius_n to_o demonstrate_v their_o be_v in_o the_o interest_n of_o those_o prince_n but_o with_o some_o distinction_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o head_n or_o crown_n to_o denote_v their_o subjection_n for_o when_o vaballathus_n wear_v a_o wreath_n or_o diadem_n than_o aurelian_a wear_v a_o crown_n of_o laurel_n but_o when_o vaballathus_n wear_v a_o crown_n of_o laurel_n aurelian_a wear_v a_o crown_n radiate_v or_o as_o the_o herald_n call_v it_o rayoneé_v how_o long_o vaballathus_n live_v after_o the_o eight_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n or_o what_o his_o fate_n be_v i_o know_v not_o but_o i_o be_o incline_v to_o believe_v that_o he_o sink_v by_o degree_n in_o the_o favour_n of_o aurelian_a and_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o imperial_a dignity_n be_v force_v to_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o mean_a title_n of_o king_n or_o viceroy_n and_o that_o this_o happen_v in_o the_o two_o last_o year_n of_o that_o emperor_n for_o to_o that_o year_n i_o refer_v those_o coin_n wherein_o he_o be_v style_v vabalathus_n rex_fw-la 29._o v._o fulu._n vrsin_n not._n ad_fw-la vopisc_n aurel._n mezzob_n p._n 407._o patin_n jud._n f._n 29._o vabal_n lathus_n rex_fw-la vcrim_fw-la p._n p._n vcrimor_n vcrimp_n vcrimdr_n verimp_n vabalatus_n iter_fw-la imp._n r._n all_o which_o be_v latin_a and_o consequent_o seem_v to_o be_v coin_v not_o in_o the_o east_n but_o somewhere_o near_o room_n but_o all_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o aurelian_a and_o from_o they_o i_o conjecture_v that_o aurelian_a after_o he_o have_v settle_v his_o authority_n in_o syria_n destroy_v palmyra_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o pretension_n of_o the_o family_n of_o odenathus_n oblige_v vaballathus_n to_o decline_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n and_o to_o use_v that_o of_o the_o imperial_a vicegerent_n in_o the_o east_n and_o that_o this_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o coin_n where_o he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v vcrimor_n wrong_o in_o other_o vcrimdr_n or_o vcrimp_n not_o vice_n caesaris_n rector_n imperii_fw-la orientalis_n as_o f._n harduin_n very_o ingenious_o because_o in_o aurelian_n age_n and_o long_o before_o caesar_n be_v a_o title_n of_o honour_n inferior_a to_o that_o of_o imperator_n 24._o sparta_n p._n 35._o capitolin_n p._n 24._o aelius_n verus_n be_v the_o first_o who_o be_v declare_v caesar_n but_o never_o be_v emperor_n the_o title_n at_o that_o time_n and_o in_o future_a age_n be_v appropriate_v to_o the_o heir_n apparent_a of_o the_o empire_n so_o that_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v vice_n imperatoris_fw-la as_o nemesius_n be_v style_v in_o 4._o in_o clxviii_o 4._o gruter_n but_o vir_fw-la clarissimus_fw-la rector_n imperii_fw-la orientalis_n for_o so_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n be_v style_v 9_o grut._n cl._n 9_o in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o law_n and_o in_o the_o old_a inscription_n fabius_n maximus_n v._o c._n rect._n prov._n etc._n etc._n this_o province_n vaballathus_n manage_v more_o than_o once_o be_v say_v to_o be_v iter_fw-la imp._n r._n i._n e._n iterum_fw-la imperii_fw-la rector_n a_o second_o time_n the_o emperor_n vicegerent_n in_o the_o east_n for_o such_o be_v the_o toparch_n of_o that_o country_n the_o name_n demonstrate_v it_o toparcha_n be_v vicemgerens_n which_o be_v in_o some_o age_n fill_v with_o those_o roytelet_n such_o also_o be_v phylarch_n of_o the_o arabian_n who_o hold_v their_o dignity_n at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o either_o the_o roman_n or_o persian_n to_o who_o they_o be_v subject_a thus_o agrippa_n upon_o his_o father_n death_n be_v make_v prince_n of_o chalcis_n but_o when_o he_o have_v continue_v in_o that_o government_n four_o year_n 5._o joseph_n antiq_fw-la l._n 20._o c._n 3_o 5._o be_v displace_v by_o claudius_n but_o make_v tetrarch_n of_o iturea_n batanaea_n trachonitis_n and_o abilene_n to_o which_o the_o same_o emperor_n afterward_o add_v a_o part_n of_o galilee_n but_o though_o their_o territory_n be_v small_a their_o ambition_n common_o be_v very_o great_a and_o the_o title_n which_o they_o affect_v very_o pompous_a witness_v a_o coin_n of_o antiochus_n the_o four_o 587._o v._o harduin_n num._n p._n 587._o one_o of_o the_o little_a prince_n of_o sebaste_n a_o corner_n of_o cilicia_n erect_v into_o a_o kingdom_n by_o vespasian_n say_v 7._o say_v ant._n l._n 18._o c._n 7._o josephus_n who_o style_v himself_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o great_a king_n and_o another_o of_o abgarus_n on_o the_o reverse_n of_o severus_n with_o the_o same_o title_n it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o vaballathus_n prompt_v by_o the_o like_a vanity_n style_v himself_o vaballathus_n rex_fw-la vcrim_fw-la p._n p._n vaballathus_n the_o king_n and_o the_o father_n of_o his_o country_n as_o in_o a_o latin_a coin_n of_o zenobia_n who_o theodorit_n who_o be_v of_o cyrrhestica_n a_o province_n not_o far_o from_o palmyrene_n call_v the_o toparch_n of_o palmyra_n she_o be_v say_v to_o be_v queen_n or_o governess_n of_o all_o the_o east_n zenobia_n aug._n totius_fw-la orientis_fw-la r._n i._n e._n rectrix_fw-la or_o regina_fw-la as_o she_o style_v herself_o in_o her_o letter_n to_o aurelian_a unless_o this_o inscription_n intimate_v to_o we_o another_o change_n in_o his_o fortune_n and_o tenure_n that_o he_o be_v constitute_v the_o prince_n of_o that_o part_n of_o cyrrhestica_n who_o chief_a city_n be_v vrima_n in_o the_o coin_n by_o mistake_n vcrima_fw-la and_o verima_fw-la situate_v on_o the_o
so_o negligent_a a_o prince_n as_o gallienus_n have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o his_o own_o native_a country_n must_v necessary_o have_v be_v make_v a_o appendage_n of_o that_o empire_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n as_o well_o as_o to_o revenge_v the_o affront_n offer_v he_o in_o the_o slight_a put_v on_o his_o ambassador_n he_o join_v his_o force_n to_o the_o remain_v of_o the_o roman_a army_n who_o still_o continue_v to_o support_v the_o reputation_n of_o that_o august_n empire_n in_o the_o east_n and_o in_o this_o difficult_a undertake_n he_o behave_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o address_n and_o such_o a_o extraordinary_a courage_n that_o he_o humble_v the_o pride_n of_o the_o great_a of_o the_o eastern_a monarch_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o his_o glory_n and_o triumph_n for_o he_o first_o fall_v upon_o the_o persian_a general_n and_o have_v rout_v he_o recover_v nisibis_n and_o mesopotamia_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o invader_n then_o attack_v the_o king_n of_o persia_n with_o a_o success_n suitable_a to_o his_o bravery_n 134._o philostr_n ap_fw-mi malel_n par_fw-fr 1._o p._n 393._o &_o zonar_n tom._n 2._o p._n 237._o agath_fw-mi l._n 4._o p._n 134._o for_o as_o sapores_fw-la be_v return_v home_o load_v with_o the_o spoil_n of_o syria_n and_o cilicia_n odenathus_n come_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o as_o one_o of_o his_o ally_n but_o under_o that_o pretext_n he_o delude_v he_o have_v way-layed_a him_z as_o he_o pass_v through_o euphratesia_n call_v of_o old_a commagene_n say_v procopius_n augusto-euphratesia_a by_o theodorit_n a_o bishop_n of_o that_o country_n so_o straighten_v he_o that_o be_v to_o march_v through_o a_o valley_n who_o way_n be_v too_o steep_a and_o rugged_a for_o his_o carriage_n he_o slay_v all_o his_o prisoner_n and_o throw_v they_o into_o the_o hollow_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v pass_v over_o his_o heavy_a baggage_n after_o this_o he_o fight_v and_o rout_v the_o army_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o make_v so_o great_a a_o slaughter_n of_o their_o troop_n that_o 45._o that_o delegationib_fw-la p._n 45._o peter_n the_o historian_n a_o man_n of_o the_o senatorian_a dignity_n and_o ambassador_n to_o chosroes_n king_n of_o persia_n affirm_v that_o when_o sapores_fw-la have_v past_o the_o euphrates_n with_o the_o remain_v of_o his_o shatter_v army_n his_o soldiers_z think_v themselves_o secure_a by_o their_o station_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n embrace_v one_o another_o with_o unexpressible_a transport_v after_o which_o sapores_fw-la send_v to_o the_o garrison_n at_o edessa_n promise_v they_o to_o give_v they_o all_o the_o money_n which_o he_o have_v plunder_v in_o syria_n if_o they_o will_v not_o molest_v he_o in_o his_o march_n but_o suffer_v he_o quiet_o to_o hasten_v home_o through_o their_o territory_n subjoyn_v that_o he_o do_v not_o offer_v they_o this_o great_a sum_n as_o if_o he_o be_v afraid_a of_o they_o but_o that_o he_o may_v make_v the_o more_o speed_n into_o persia_n to_o celebrate_v a_o great_a festival_n that_o he_o be_v near_o not_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v hinder_v in_o his_o design_n to_o this_o the_o garrison_n consent_v receive_v the_o money_n and_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o city_n unmolested_a by_o this_o victory_n odenathus_n not_o only_o preserve_v the_o roman_a territory_n in_o the_o east_n and_o defend_v the_o limit_n but_o recover_v several_a city_n which_o the_o persian_n have_v usurp_v and_o make_v his_o inroad_n as_o far_o as_o ctesiphon_n the_o royal_a seat_n of_o those_o eastern_a prince_n oblige_v they_o to_o quit_v their_o other_o conquest_n to_o defend_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n in_o this_o expedition_n also_o he_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o treasure_n of_o that_o great_a monarch_n and_o of_o what_o those_o king_n hold_v more_o valuable_a and_o more_o precious_a than_o all_o their_o wealth_n his_o concubine_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o take_v many_o of_o the_o nobility_n prisoner_n this_o be_v so_o meritorious_a a_o action_n that_o the_o 192._o the_o trib._n pol._n p._n 192._o roman_a historian_n confess_v that_o without_o this_o interposition_n the_o interest_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v be_v entire_o sink_v in_o the_o east_n and_o withal_o he_o inform_v we_o that_o odenathus_n assume_v the_o name_n of_o king_n before_o he_o raise_v his_o army_n though_o the_o greek_a writer_n allow_v he_o to_o have_v only_o be_v declare_v general_n of_o the_o east_n a_o honorary_a trust_n confer_v on_o none_o but_o person_n of_o the_o best_a condition_n and_o qualification_n that_o his_o wife_n zenobia_n his_o elder_a son_n herod_n and_o his_o two_o young_a son_n herennianus_n and_o timolaus_n acpany_v he_o when_o anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 246._o he_o fight_v and_o rout_v that_o potent_a monarch_n and_o recover_v the_o territory_n that_o he_o have_v usurp_v on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n to_o reward_v these_o brave_a service_n 180._o treb._n pol._n p._n 180._o gallienus_n declare_v he_o augustus_n and_o his_o copart'ner_n in_o the_o empire_n so_o that_o the_o historian_n with_o great_a injustice_n reckon_v odenathus_n and_o his_o son_n herodian_a among_o the_o tyrant_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v usurper_n who_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v insert_v into_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o lawful_a emperor_n and_o command_v money_n to_o be_v stamp_v in_o his_o name_n the_o reverse_n of_o which_o represent_v the_o captive_a persian_n follow_v his_o triumphant_a chariot_n the_o senate_n the_o city_n and_o all_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v wonderful_o please_v with_o the_o performance_n this_o declaration_n of_o gallienus_n entitle_v odenathus_n to_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o east_n while_o his_o illustrious_a achievement_n prove_v he_o worthy_a of_o the_o purple_a and_o according_o upon_o his_o return_n from_o ctesiphon_n he_o assume_v the_o habit_n and_o style_n and_o declare_v his_o son_n herodes_n his_o copart'ner_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o princeps_fw-la juventutis_fw-la as_o beside_o the_o historian_n the_o coin_n do_v full_o declare_v chap._n fourteen_o odenathus_n have_v thus_o atone_v for_o the_o negligence_n of_o gallienus_n support_v the_o sink_a fortune_n of_o that_o august_n empire_n and_o preserve_v his_o own_o native_a country_n in_o its_o own_o quiet_a and_o freedom_n and_o behave_v himself_o with_o so_o dextrous_a a_o address_n and_o such_o a_o extraordinary_a courage_n that_o he_o humble_v the_o pride_n of_o the_o great_a of_o the_o eastern_a monarch_n and_o acquire_v a_o great_a reputation_n to_o his_o arm_n and_o have_v spend_v some_o time_n in_o settle_v his_o new_a conquest_n though_o he_o fail_v of_o his_o main_a enterprise_n of_o release_n valerian_n who_o be_v upon_o this_o irruption_n of_o the_o palmyrenian_o slay_v by_o sapores_fw-la at_o the_o request_n of_o gallienus_n 237._o treb._n pol._n p._n 192._o zonar_n t._n 2._o p._n 237._o he_o undertake_v to_o suppress_v macrianus_n who_o have_v in_o opposition_n to_o gallienus_n declare_v himself_o emperor_n in_o phoenicia_n though_o eusebius_n aver_v that_o himself_o do_v not_o assume_v the_o purple_a but_o that_o he_o make_v his_o son_n emperor_n and_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o roman_a army_n under_o his_o command_n but_o macrianus_n have_v baffle_v the_o scythian_n 176._o zonar_n syncel_n p._n 382._o treb._n pol._n p._n 176._o and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o achaia_n be_v retire_v with_o his_o elder_a son_n of_o his_o own_o name_n into_o illyricum_n where_o in_o a_o pitch_v battle_n they_o be_v both_o slay_v by_o aureolus_n another_o of_o the_o pretender_n to_o the_o empire_n but_o macrianus_n have_v leave_v quietus_n the_o young_a of_o his_o son_n in_o the_o east_n with_o the_o title_n of_o augustus_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o balista_n a_o experience_a general_n balista_n be_v the_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la to_o the_o emperor_n valerian_n a_o captain_n of_o rare_a capacity_n and_o singular_a courage_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o foresight_n and_o as_o great_a resolution_n and_o bravery_n he_o be_v general_n of_o the_o horse_n under_o macrianus_n in_o the_o east_n and_o when_o macrianus_n that_o country_n he_o with_o quietus_n the_o second_o son_n of_o macrianus_n manage_v the_o war_n with_o so_o much_o courage_n and_o good_a fortune_n that_o while_o he_o attack_v sapores_fw-la on_o one_o hand_n and_o odenathus_n on_o the_o other_o they_o drive_v he_o to_o take_v shelter_n in_o the_o desert_n of_o persia_n upon_o which_o victory_n they_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n which_o engage_v gallienus_n against_o they_o therefore_o odenathus_n march_v and_o fight_v they_o at_o emesa_n where_o balista_n fall_v by_o the_o sword_n of_o odenathus_n quietus_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o emesa_n say_v zonaras_n while_o trebellius_n pollio_n in_o one_o place_n affirm_v 116._o pag._n 116._o that_o after_o the_o army_n be_v rout_v the_o soldier_n seize_v both_o quietus_n and_o balista_n and_o deliver_v they_o to_o
odenathus_n who_o slay_v they_o 194._o pag._n 194._o but_o in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v that_o the_o common_a report_n be_v sew_v writer_n account_v for_o balista_n action_n after_o he_o be_v declare_v emperor_n while_o they_o treat_v more_o large_o of_o his_o performance_n while_o he_o be_v praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la of_o the_o east_n that_o he_o be_v flain_v by_o a_o private_a sentinel_n of_o odenathus_n army_n as_o he_o be_v sleep_v in_o his_o tent_n but_o in_o a_o three_o place_n he_o affirm_v 176._o pag._n 176._o that_o the_o army_n of_o quietus_n instigate_v by_o balista_n slay_v the_o young_a prince_n and_o have_v throw_v his_o body_n over_o the_o wall_n of_o emesa_n immediate_o surrender_v other_o as_o he_o say_v affirm_v 193._o pag._n 193._o that_o odenathus_n have_v slay_v quietus_n give_v balista_n his_o life_n but_o that_o balista_n not_o dare_v to_o trust_v either_o gallienus_n aureolus_n or_o odenathus_n assume_v the_o imperial_a purple_a nor_o do_v the_o report_n want_v author_n that_o he_o be_v slay_v at_o daphne_n near_o antioch_n at_o a_o farm_n which_o he_o have_v purchase_v where_o helived_a a_o private_a life_n while_o very_o many_o other_o aver_v that_o have_v declare_v himself_o emperor_n he_o be_v murder_v by_o those_o who_o aureolus_n send_v to_o apprehend_v quietus_n who_o he_o demand_v as_o part_v of_o his_o plunder_n have_v slay_v his_o father_n and_o elder_a brother_n the_o account_n even_o of_o those_o time_n be_v so_o various_a it_o can_v be_v expect_v that_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o present_a age_n shall_v better_v adjust_a the_o history_n while_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o the_o information_n of_o the_o coin_n 72._o goltz_n thes_n p._n 72._o that_o balista_n reign_v three_o year_n at_o least_o and_o that_o his_o name_n be_v servius_n anicius_n or_o sergius_n anicetus_n balista_n whatever_o his_o fate_n be_v as_o to_o his_o title_n he_o be_v a_o illustrious_a person_n happy_a in_o his_o undertake_n and_o have_v a_o singular_a faculty_n in_o provide_v his_o army_n with_o provision_n and_o necessary_n and_o so_o well_o verse_v in_o politic_n that_o valerian_n acknowledge_v that_o he_o have_v learn_v the_o rule_n of_o government_n from_o balista_n and_o that_o he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o provident_a and_o most_o experience_a general_n of_o the_o age._n but_o whether_o he_o be_v that_o callistus_n who_o zonaras_n affirm_v to_o have_v be_v choose_v by_o the_o roman_a troop_n their_o general_n after_o the_o captivity_n of_o valerian_n and_o who_o when_o he_o see_v the_o persian_n careless_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o as_o if_o they_o have_v no_o more_o enemy_n to_o conquer_v fall_v upon_o they_o and_o rout_v they_o i_o will_v not_o determine_v though_o it_o be_v high_o probable_a the_o name_n be_v very_o like_v callistus_n and_o balistas_fw-la and_o the_o exploit_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o same_o but_o in_o this_o one_o circumstance_n zonaras_n be_v mistake_v who_o attribute_n the_o take_v the_o baggage_n and_o concubine_n of_o sapores_fw-la to_o callistus_n which_o be_v the_o achievement_n of_o odenathus_n when_o odenathus_n have_v thus_o complete_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o east_n and_o wrest_v it_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n both_o of_o the_o roman_a rebel_n and_o the_o persian_a usurper_n 179._o usurper_n treb._n pol._n p._n 176_o 179._o he_o give_v a_o exact_a narrative_n of_o all_o his_o proceed_n to_o gallienus_n and_o send_v he_o the_o persian_a nobility_n who_o he_o have_v take_v prisoner_n and_o that_o besotted_a prince_n have_v the_o confidence_n to_o triumph_v at_o rome_n for_o the_o victory_n which_o odenathus_n get_v in_o euphratesia_n immediate_o upon_o this_o sup_n sincel_v ubi_fw-la sup_n odenathus_n be_v a_o captain_n of_o indefatigable_a courage_n and_o great_a expedition_n engage_v himself_o in_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o goth_n who_o make_v their_o eruption_n into_o phrygia_n cappadocia_n and_o galatia_n and_o threaten_v the_o east_n but_o have_v march_v through_o cappadocia_n to_o heraclea_n of_o pontus_n the_o scythian_n terrify_v with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o illustrious_a general_n retire_v but_o as_o he_o be_v prepare_v to_o pursue_v they_o he_o be_v most_o unfortunate_o and_o most_o barbarous_o murder_v 184._o treb._n pol._n p._n 184._o the_o anger_n of_o god_n against_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n be_v most_o visible_o see_v because_o after_o valerian_n be_v slay_v he_o will_v not_o reserve_v odenathus_n for_o its_o preservation_n chap._n xv._o the_o manner_n of_o odenathus_n his_o death_n be_v different_o relate_v though_o the_o historian_n agree_v in_o the_o main_a supr_fw-la main_a vbi_fw-la supr_fw-la malela_n fable_a malela_n the_o paragraph_n in_o malela_n be_v so_o confuse_a and_o be_v such_o a_o jumble_v of_o the_o action_n of_o gallienus_n odenathus_n and_o aurelian_a that_o i_o can_v but_o profess_v i_o shall_v rather_o attribute_v the_o mistake_v to_o the_o transeriber_n or_o interpolator_n than_o to_o the_o author_n though_o so_o great_a a_o fable_a after_o his_o fabulous_a wont_a affirm_v that_o he_o be_v slay_v by_o gallienus_n 36._o gallienus_n l._n 1._o p._n 36._o zosimus_n that_o while_o he_o be_v at_o emisa_n celebrate_v either_o his_o own_o or_o some_o friend_n birthday_n he_o be_v by_o treachery_n murder_v but_o the_o generality_n of_o writer_n assert_v that_o odenathus_n with_o his_o son_n herodes_n be_v slay_v as_o they_o be_v about_o to_o pursue_v the_o scythian_n who_o flee_v before_o they_o that_o the_o parricide_n who_o make_v the_o assassination_n be_v his_o kinsman_n his_o brother_n son_n moeonius_n who_o syncellus_n call_v odaenathus_fw-la probable_o according_a to_o the_o mode_n of_o that_o time_n and_o country_n moeonius_n odaenathus_fw-la and_o that_o he_o for_o a_o few_o day_n after_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o emperor_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o coin_n but_o that_o he_o be_v sudden_o dispatch_v by_o those_o very_a soldier_n who_o have_v be_v wheadle_v to_o clothe_v he_o with_o the_o imperial_a purple_a so_o fall_v the_o most_o unjust_a of_o man_n to_o his_o relation_n the_o most_o disloyal_a traitor_n to_o his_o prince_n the_o most_o ungrateful_a villain_n to_o his_o benefactor_n and_o the_o most_o profligate_v of_o wretch_n maeonius_n be_v induce_v to_o imbrue_v his_o hand_n in_o the_o blood_n of_o his_o king_n 74._o pol._n p._n 192_o 193._o cuspin_n caes_n p._n 74._o his_o relation_n and_o his_o friend_n instigate_v say_v some_o by_o zenobia_n who_o to_o dispatch_v a_o son-in-law_n that_o hinder_v her_o child_n from_o succeed_v to_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o east_n for_o herodes_n or_o herodian_a be_v the_o son_n of_o odenathus_n by_o a_o former_a wife_n be_v content_a at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o see_v her_o husband_n stab_v but_o more_o probable_o he_o commit_v the_o execrable_a murder_n be_v instigate_v by_o the_o most_o malicious_a of_o temper_n and_o a_o abominable_a mixture_n of_o envy_n and_o ambition_n this_o prompt_v he_o to_o destroy_v one_o of_o the_o best_a of_o emperor_n upon_o the_o pretext_n that_o his_o son_n herod_n be_v a_o man_n of_o extraordinary_a softness_n and_o delicacy_n as_o man_n who_o be_v natural_o kind_a and_o good-natured_a be_v apt_a to_o be_v effeminate_a voluptuous_a and_o amorous_a and_o because_o his_o father_n have_v give_v he_o all_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n concubine_n all_o his_o treasure_n and_o all_o the_o gem_n take_v in_o the_o war_n or_o rather_o upon_o a_o old_a grudge_n 237._o zonar_n t._n 2._o p._n 237._o for_o the_o fierce_a young_a man_n accompany_v his_o uncle_n in_o his_o manly_a exercise_n of_o hunt_v presume_v the_o first_o of_o the_o company_n to_o throw_v his_o javelin_n at_o the_o wild_a beast_n that_o be_v rouse_v and_o be_v reprove_v for_o it_o by_o his_o uncle_n that_o honour_n be_v reserve_v for_o the_o most_o eminent_a person_n of_o the_o hunt_v in_o contempt_n of_o the_o reprimand_n persist_v to_o gratify_v his_o own_o humour_n and_o commit_v the_o same_o crime_n a_o second_o and_o a_o three_o time_n whereupon_o odenathus_n order_v he_o to_o be_v dismount_v and_o his_o horse_n take_v from_o he_o which_o be_v the_o great_a affront_n that_o can_v be_v offer_v to_o a_o man_n of_o quality_n in_o that_o country_n upon_o this_o the_o hot_a spark_n can_v not_o forbear_v exprespress_v his_o resentment_n and_o threaten_a revenge_n whereupon_o he_o be_v confine_v but_o in_o a_o little_a time_n at_o the_o intercession_n of_o herodes_n odenathus_n set_v he_o at_o liberty_n but_o the_o pardon_n be_v as_o uneasy_o digest_v as_o the_o affront_n the_o injure_a person_n may_v be_v incline_v to_o remit_v the_o offence_n but_o he_o who_o do_v the_o wrong_n never_o forgive_v for_o he_o watch_v his_o opportunity_n and_o imbrue_v his_o hand_n in_o the_o blood_n of_o both_o his_o king_n and_o his_o advocate_n thus_o fall_v that_o great_a prince_n and_o his_o elder_a son_n both_o emperor_n after_o odenathus_n have_v reign_v four_o year_n
phanius_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o dv_o in_o dv_o gruter_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o praetor_n of_o apamia_n in_o the_o 58._o the_o harduin_n p._n 58._o coin_n that_o this_o phanius_fw-la mocimus_n be_v also_o call_v airanes_n the_o inscription_n demonstrate_v wherein_o airanes_n be_v express_o call_v the_o father_n of_o alcamenes_n they_o be_v both_o magnify_v for_o their_o piety_n and_o their_o love_n to_o their_o country_n as_o barachias_n and_o mocimus_n his_o son_n be_v applaud_v in_o the_o next_o ininscription_n to_o which_o they_o be_v great_a benefactor_n while_o in_o gratitude_n their_o fellow-citizen_n honour_v such_o patron_n with_o the_o magnificent_a title_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d founder_n of_o their_o city_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d saviour_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d benefactor_n pay_v they_o the_o high_a respect_n while_o alive_a and_o perpetuate_a their_o memory_n when_o dead_a by_o a_o thankful_a remembrance_n by_o public_a statue_n and_o noble_a inscription_n according_a to_o that_o excellent_a sentence_n that_o be_v happy_o preserve_v among_o the_o fragment_n of_o the_o ancient_a gratitude_n in_o one_o of_o gruter_n marble_n 4._o 896_o 4._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o good_a man_n even_o when_o they_o be_v dead_a aught_o to_o be_v recompense_v and_o celebrate_v thus_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o ancyra_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o tectosagi_n honour_v l._n fulvius_n rusticus_n aemilianus_n calpurnius_n proclus_n and_o t._n 4._o v._o marm._n cosson_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4._o flavius_n taeanus_n their_o benefactor_n their_o founder_n and_o saviour_n this_o title_n of_o benefactor_n be_v sometime_o give_v to_o king_n say_v the_o holy_a writ_n luk._n 22.25_o to_o the_o ptolemy_n mithridates_n to_o philip_n of_o macedon_n and_o other_o prince_n even_o to_o woman_n so_o berenice_n be_v call_v by_o eratosthenes_n sometime_o by_o sovereign_n to_o their_o subject_n so_o artaxerxes_n honour_v mordecai_n with_o the_o title_n of_o benefactor_n and_o saviour_n say_v 6._o say_v antiq._n l._n 11._o c._n 6._o josephus_n their_o name_n and_o achievement_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o master_n be_v record_v v._n esth_n 6._o 1_o 2._o and_o a_o particular_a reward_n always_o 8._o always_o v._o heredot_n l._n 8._o appoint_v they_o at_o other_o time_n to_o whole_a country_n so_o the_o agriaspae_n be_v call_v 73._o call_v arrian_n l._n 3._o de_fw-fr exped_n alex._n p._n 73._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o persian_a name_n be_v orosangae_n say_v herodotus_n because_o they_o am_v cyrus_n the_o son_n of_o cambyses_n in_o his_o expedition_n against_o the_o scythian_n a_o title_n that_o demonstrate_v their_o likeness_n to_o the_o deity_n for_o the_o egyptian_n call_v their_o nilus_n and_o osiris_n i._n e._n the_o sun_n omphis_n which_o signify_v a_o benefactor_n say_v 3._o say_v de_fw-fr isid_n &_o osir_z &_o julian_n orat_fw-la 3._o hermaeus_n in_o plutarch_n to_o who_o also_o a_o good_a man_n be_v sometime_o account_v a_o benefactor_n for_o so_o clinodemus_n the_o son_n of_o lebotus_n be_v by_o a_o public_a decree_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o delos_n declare_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o and_o his_o posterity_n benefactor_n to_o the_o temple_n and_o people_n of_o delos_n 287._o v._o oxon_n marm._n apn_n 1._o &_o 3._o p._n 287._o and_o dionysius_n of_o berytus_n be_v celebrate_v as_o a_o benefactor_n to_o his_o country_n god_n so_o the_o learned_a editor_n of_o the_o oxford_n marble_n and_o other_o understand_v the_o inscription_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n beneficus_fw-la erga_fw-la patrios_fw-la deos_fw-la while_o the_o inscripton_n may_v be_v thus_o render_v i_o think_v more_o proper_o dionysius_n zenonis_n filius_fw-la theodori_n nepos_fw-la berytius_n beneficus_fw-la h._n e._n solenni_fw-la decreto_fw-la berytiornm_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seu_fw-la benefactor_n sancitus_fw-la diis_fw-la patriis_fw-la marmor_fw-la sc_fw-la seu_fw-la aram_fw-la posuit_fw-la seu_fw-la dedicavit_fw-la thus_o in_o a_o curious_a inscription_n find_v and_o transcribe_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr spon_n in_o the_o isthmus_n of_o corinth_n the_o dedication_n be_v make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 363._o miscellan_o erudit_fw-la antiquit_fw-la §._o 10._o n._n 111._o p._n 363._o publius_n licinius_n pyaem_n priscus_n juventianus_n the_o high_a priest_n for_o life_n devote_v to_o his_o country_n god_n and_o his_o country_n the_o altar_n which_o he_o have_v build_v the_o provision_n which_o he_o have_v make_v for_o the_o athletae_fw-la who_o shall_v come_v thither_o to_o the_o isthmian_a game_n with_o other_o munificent_a building_n erect_v to_o their_o honour_n upon_o which_o account_n we_o may_v well_o presume_v he_o a_o favourite_n to_o the_o people_n of_o corinth_n and_o to_o the_o penates_n as_o alcamenes_n and_o his_o father_n airanes_n be_v say_v to_o be_v please_v not_o only_o to_o their_o fellow-citizen_n but_o to_o their_o country_n god_n who_o probable_o by_o a_o oracle_n declare_v their_o good_a opinion_n of_o their_o person_n and_o acceptance_n of_o their_o service_n for_o so_o julius_n aurelius_n zenobius_n be_v in_o another_o of_o these_o inscription_n transact_v p._n 97._o transact_v say_v to_o be_v for_o his_o extraordinary_a meritorious_a service_n to_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n honour_v with_o a_o testimonial_a from_o the_o god_n jaribolus_n who_o be_v doubtless_o one_o the_o country_n god_n or_o penates_n of_o palmyra_n and_o bolanus_n declare_v in_o a_o three_o place_n to_o be_v choose_v one_o of_o the_o curator_n of_o the_o fountain_n aphaca_n by_o the_o same_o god_n jaribolus_n 103._o p._n 103._o the_o heathen_n pay_v a_o great_a veneration_n to_o their_o country_n god_n or_o penates_n for_o so_o the_o old_a glessaries_n instruct_v we_o penates_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 375._o goth._n l._n 1._o c._n 25._o p._n 375._o &_o vice_fw-la versâ_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d penates_n and_o procopius_n say_v that_o janus_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o ancient_a god_n who_o the_o roman_n call_v penates_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d h._n e._n penates_n jamblich_n ep._n jamblich_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o when_o julian_n the_o emperor_n will_v pass_v a_o extravagant_a compliment_n upon_o his_o friend_n jamblichus_n if_o the_o epistle_n be_v he_o which_o i_o much_o doubt_v he_o say_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v into_o bythinia_n he_o offer_v he_o his_o present_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v one_o of_o his_o country_n god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 6._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ......_o senatus_n populusque_fw-la bareichen_n seu_fw-la barachiam_fw-la amrisamsi_fw-la filium_fw-la jariboleos_n nepotem_fw-la &_o mocimum_n illius_fw-la filium_fw-la viros_fw-la pios_fw-la &_o patriae_fw-la amantes_fw-la honoris_fw-la ergo_fw-la coluit_fw-la this_o honorary_a inscription_n need_v no_o commentary_n since_o it_o be_v so_o very_a like_o the_o former_a unless_o it_o be_v worth_a remark_n that_o jariboleus_n be_v here_o the_o name_n of_o a_o man_n as_o elsewhere_o of_o a_o god_n it_o be_v very_o usual_a to_o give_v the_o name_n of_o their_o deity_n to_o their_o great_a man_n though_o perhaps_o it_o may_v not_o be_v reckon_v the_o wild_a of_o conjecture_n to_o imagine_v that_o amrisamsus_n be_v call_v jariboleus_n after_o the_o name_n of_o his_o god_n to_o who_o patronage_n he_o have_v commit_v himself_o and_o by_o who_o he_o be_v nominate_v to_o some_o office_n perhaps_o the_o priesthood_n as_o bolanus_n be_v by_o the_o same_o deity_n to_o the_o office_n of_o curator_n of_o the_o fountain_n aphaca_n the_o follow_a inscription_n be_v very_o noble_a and_o very_o instructive_a 7._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d s._n p._n q._n palmyrenus_n julium_n aurelium_n zenobium_fw-la qui_fw-la &_o zabdilas_fw-la diosmalchi_n filium_fw-la nassumi_fw-la nep._n militantem_fw-la in_o adventu_fw-la dei_fw-la alexandri_fw-la &_o indefessà _fw-la praesentiá_fw-la inservientem_fw-la rutillio_n crispino_n duci_fw-la &_o deductis_fw-la vexillationibus_fw-la aedilem_fw-la nec_fw-la suis_fw-la parcentem_fw-la sumptibus_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o optimum_fw-la magistratum_fw-la ideóque_fw-la testimonio_fw-la ornatum_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la jaribolo_fw-it &_o à _fw-fr julio_n ......_o nobilissimo_fw-la praefecto_fw-la praetorio_fw-la &_o à _fw-la patriâ_fw-la patriae_fw-la amantem_fw-la honoris_fw-la ergo_fw-la anno._n 554._o christi_fw-la sc_fw-la 242._o gordiani_n tertii_fw-la ⅚_n to_o understand_v this_o inscription_n aright_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o reflect_v upon_o the_o state_n of_o both_o the_o roman_a and_o persian_a empire_n at_o that_o time_n which_o i_o shall_v brief_o consider_v alexander_n the_o great_a have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o all_o the_o east_n 18._o zosim_fw-la l._n 1._o pag._n 18._o his_o successor_n the_o king_n of_o syria_n keep_v the_o possession_n of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n till_o arsaces_n the_o parthian_a provoke_v by_o the_o injury_n do_v to_o his_o brother_n tiridates_n take_v arm_n and_o have_v slay_v pherecles_n the_o governor_n
of_o the_o famous_a mithradates_n march_v against_o aretas_n the_o king_n of_o the_o arab_n appian_n call_v he_o king_n of_o the_o nabataean_a arab_n ann_n v._o c._n 690._o ante_fw-la christum_fw-la 63._o his_o kingdom_n reach_v from_o the_o river_n euphrates_n to_o the_o red_a sea_n say_v dio_n l._n 36._o in_o which_o compass_n palmyra_n must_v be_v include_v this_o aretas_n be_v doubtless_o one_o of_o the_o al-hariths_a of_o the_o arabian_n who_o be_v king_n of_o gessan_n and_o in_o late_a age_n lord_n of_o taahmur_n after_o which_o time_n i_o believe_v it_o acknowledge_v the_o roman_a power_n but_o be_v govern_v by_o its_o own_o law_n have_v under_o its_o immediate_a jurisdiction_n beside_o the_o three_o city_n on_o the_o river_n already_o mention_v twelve_o more_o in_o the_o inland_n of_o syria_n when_o trajan_n make_v his_o glorious_a expedition_n into_o persia_n i_o conjecture_v palmyra_n be_v a_o sufferer_n in_o the_o common_a calamity_n of_o that_o country_n for_o pliny_n say_v it_o be_v sometime_o in_o the_o roman_a at_o other_o in_o the_o parthian_a interest_n or_o else_o it_o will_v not_o have_v need_v hadrian_n assistance_n to_o rebuild_v and_o beautify_v it_o while_o other_o city_n taste_v of_o trajan_n bounty_n for_o from_o trajan_n expedition_n in_o the_o 8_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n of_o christ_n 105._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o bozra_n and_o petra_n date_v their_o write_n say_v the_o author_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a chronicle_n l._n 3._o p._n 105._o and_o zosimus_n affirm_v that_o at_o zaragardia_n not_o far_o from_o the_o euphrates_n on_o the_o persian_a side_n in_o his_o time_n there_o stand_v a_o noble_a throne_n build_v of_o stone_n which_o the_o native_n call_v trajan_n throne_n erect_v i_o doubt_v not_o in_o memory_n of_o his_o illustrious_a achievement_n in_o that_o country_n but_o whatever_o palmyra_n may_v have_v suffer_v under_o trajan_n be_v repair_v by_o his_o successor_n who_o give_v the_o city_n his_o own_o name_n and_o they_o in_o gratitude_n make_v vow_n for_o his_o recovery_n not_o in_o the_o last_o the_o 19_o of_o his_o reign_n as_o through_o haste_n be_v say_v f._n 35_o 36._o he_o reign_v almost_o 22_o year_n but_o in_o the_o seventeen_o from_o which_o sickness_n he_o recover_v to_o die_v afterward_o in_o great_a torment_n and_o this_o i_o mention_v here_o that_o i_o may_v correct_v the_o mistake_n in_o the_o history_n to_o this_o city_n septimius_n severus_n may_v also_o be_v presume_v a_o benefactor_n to_o who_o before_o his_o famous_a expedition_n against_o the_o parthian_n sparta_n vit_fw-mi septim_fw-la p._n 67._o when_o he_o rout_v niger_n with_o who_o the_o arab_n parthian_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o adiabene_n join_v their_o force_n the_o republic_a give_v their_o assistance_n against_o the_o ally_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o adopt_v his_o name_n into_o their_o most_o eminent_a family_n after_o which_o time_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o zenobia_n i_o take_v they_o to_o have_v be_v in_o confederacy_n with_o and_o subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n for_o they_o assist_v both_o alexander_n severus_n and_o gordian_n in_o their_o expedition_n into_o the_o east_n against_o the_o persian_n as_o the_o inscription_n testify_v only_o it_o look_v probable_a that_o upon_o the_o captivity_n of_o valerian_n the_o senate_n for_o a_o while_o dissemble_v their_o interest_n and_o acknowledge_v the_o power_n of_o sapores_fw-la in_o the_o battle_n at_o immae_n where_o zenobia_n be_v rout_v s._n hierom_n affirm_v that_o pompeianus_n the_o frank_n settle_v at_o antioch_n but_o the_o family_n be_v unquestionable_o fix_v in_o that_o country_n long_o before_o capitol_n marcus_n for_o when_o marcus_n the_o philosopher_n undertake_v the_o german_a war_n he_o marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o claudius_n pompeianus_n who_o be_v of_o antioch_n this_o also_o i_o mention_v to_o correct_v another_o mistake_n after_o the_o captivity_n of_o zenobia_n the_o city_n be_v a_o spectacle_n of_o pity_n but_o be_v a_o necessary_a frontier_n be_v repair_v and_o in_o dioclesian_n time_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n in_o the_o day_n of_o constantius_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v note_v as_o now_o for_o great_a robber_n p._n 8._o say_v the_o old_a geographer_n set_v out_o by_o gothofred_n and_o govern_v by_o woman_n but_o that_o i_o take_v for_o grant_v be_v a_o error_n as_o if_o when_o zenobia_n have_v begin_v to_o wield_v a_o sceptre_n none_o but_o her_o own_o sex_n in_o that_o country_n dare_v pretend_v to_o command_v malel_n part_n 2._o p._n 39_o theodosius_n the_o great_a divide_a libanesia_n from_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o phoenicia_n and_o make_v it_o a_o distinct_a province_n emesa_n be_v the_o metropolis_n under_o who_o jurisdiction_n palmyra_n be_v put_v and_o so_o continue_v when_o the_o follower_n of_o mahomet_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o that_o country_n and_o for_o many_o century_n after_o for_o in_o abulfedas_n time_n above_o 1300_o after_o christ_n tadhmur_v acknowledge_v hem_n emesa_n its_o metropolis_n and_o probable_o it_o be_v so_o after_o his_o time_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o same_o theodosius_n if_o p._n 28._o ed._n gron._n ethicus_n or_o whoever_o go_v under_o that_o name_n live_v in_o those_o day_n or_o before_o for_o st._n hierome_n be_v say_v to_o have_v translate_v he_o palmyra_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o famous_a town_n of_o the_o east_n as_o it_o be_v also_o by_o p._n 8._o julius_n honorius_n who_o live_v before_o theodoric_n for_o cassiodore_n mention_n he_o palmira_n damascus_fw-la read_v palmyra_n damascus_n and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a chronicon_fw-la among_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o the_o four_o climate_n reckon_v palmyra_n with_o apamea_n emesa_n etc._n etc._n in_o caele_n syria_n in_o justinian_n time_n it_o become_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o east_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o constantinopolitan_a empire_n but_o it_o be_v probable_a do_v not_o continue_v long_o in_o that_o state_n for_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 640._o when_o heraclius_n be_v emperor_n jabalah_n the_o son_n of_o al_n iham_n be_v king_n of_o gassan_n and_o lord_n of_o tadhmur_n perhaps_o a_o tributary_n to_o heraclius_n who_o be_v overcome_v by_o omar_n the_o caliph_n one_o of_o mahomet_n successor_n submit_v and_o turn_v mahometan_n but_o repent_v he_o afterward_o go_v to_o constantinople_n pococ_fw-la not_o in_o specim_fw-la hist_o ar._n p._n 77_o 136._o and_o become_v a_o christian_a and_o at_o this_o time_n i_o believe_v mahometanism_n settle_v itself_o at_o tadhmur_n the_o tribe_n of_o gassan_n be_v before_o those_o day_n christian_n i_o shall_v not_o particular_o undertake_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o usefulness_n of_o coin_n and_o inscription_n the_o learned_a world_n have_v be_v already_o full_o convince_v of_o that_o truth_n how_o many_o difficult_a and_o obscure_a passage_n in_o chronology_n have_v be_v set_v in_o their_o due_a light_n how_o many_o series_n of_o king_n have_v be_v regular_o deduce_v what_o rite_n and_o custom_n both_o sacred_a and_o civil_a have_v be_v by_o those_o help_v discover_v needs_o no_o further_a proof_n though_o be_v there_o nothing_o else_o at_o palmyra_n to_o be_v see_v but_o the_o noble_a ruin_n of_o the_o temple_n and_o palace_n build_v according_a to_o the_o best_a and_o bold_a rule_n of_o the_o ancient_a architecture_n i_o shall_v think_v a_o journey_n thither_o on_o that_o errand_n alone_o worth_a the_o undertake_n and_o though_o the_o old_a of_o the_o palmyrene_n inscription_n be_v a_o hundred_o year_n young_a than_o our_o bless_a saviour_n incarnation_n as_o i_o have_v make_v appear_v in_o the_o commentary_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o so_o contemptible_a as_o some_o have_v imagine_v but_o afford_v we_o some_o memorial_n of_o those_o time_n which_o no_o where_n else_o occur_v and_o by_o the_o same_o argument_n the_o use_n of_o the_o greek_a ε_n which_o appear_v not_o till_o about_o domitian_n time_n by_o which_o i_o postpone_v the_o old_a inscription_n at_o tadhmur_n a_o hundred_o year_n may_v we_o prove_v the_o spuriousness_n of_o that_o table_n preserve_v at_o rome_n which_o be_v report_v to_o contain_v the_o very_a title_n which_o by_o pilat_n order_n be_v affix_v to_o the_o cross_n of_o our_o lord_n for_o therein_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v write_v with_o the_o same_o sort_n of_o ε._n it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o in_o the_o palmyrene_n inscription_n be_v some_o peculiar_a word_n which_o occur_v not_o in_o the_o lexica_fw-la as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n of_o which_o sort_n there_o be_v more_o in_o other_o old_a marble_n nor_o be_v it_o any_o wonder_n that_o in_o a_o remote_a part_n of_o syria_n where_o a_o different_a language_n be_v speak_v pric_n in_o apul._n apolog._n p._n 67._o de_fw-fr foedere_fw-la hierapytniorum_fw-la &_o priansens_n sciunt_fw-la doctiores_fw-la usquequo_fw-la huc_fw-la progredi_fw-la licet_fw-la scripta_fw-la hoc_fw-la genus_fw-la non_fw-la
intra_fw-la lexicorum_fw-la septa_fw-la coercenda_fw-la satisque_fw-la de_fw-la interpretis_fw-la fide_fw-la ac_fw-la judicio_fw-la constare_fw-la qui_fw-la sciet_fw-la ubi_fw-la legem_fw-la sequi_fw-la ubi_fw-la dare_v oporteat_fw-la the_o greek_a shall_v not_o be_v so_o pure_a as_o at_o athens_n and_o in_o such_o case_n a_o critic_n be_v leave_v to_o his_o own_o judgement_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o disreputation_n to_o his_o fidelity_n or_o acumen_n if_o he_o happen_v to_o wander_v where_o he_o have_v no_o guide_n the_o usefulness_n of_o the_o journal_o and_o history_n will_v never_o be_v controvert_v when_o it_o be_v consider_v that_o they_o give_v we_o the_o account_n of_o a_o country_n hardly_o before_o know_v to_o the_o present_a age_n and_o of_o many_o rite_n and_o cermony_n which_o the_o european_a world_n count_v ridiculous_a but_o will_v appear_v very_o ancient_a and_o defensible_a for_o no_o nation_n under_o heaven_n have_v be_v so_o tenacious_a of_o old_a usage_n as_o the_o oriental_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v give_v a_o few_o instance_n that_o the_o arab_n shall_v suspect_v the_o european_n that_o in_o those_o ruin_n among_o so_o many_o sepulcher_n they_o shall_v seek_v for_o treasure_n be_v no_o wonder_n to_o i_o since_o it_o be_v very_o usual_a under_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o magnificent_a structure_n to_o bury_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n probable_o that_o the_o coin_n when_o the_o building_n be_v ruinous_a may_v discover_v the_o founder_n talismans_n also_o be_v set_v up_o in_o several_a place_n to_o direct_v the_o curious_a enquirer_n thus_o jamblic_a ap_fw-mi phot._n cod_n 94._o rhodanes_n find_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o gold_n by_o the_o direction_n of_o a_o pillar_n upon_o which_o be_v portray_v a_o lion_n and_o a_o like_a story_n be_v relate_v in_o the_o life_n of_o aesop_n and_o in_o david_n tomb_n josephus_n say_v the_o highpriest_n hyrcanus_n find_v a_o vast_a treasure_n but_o the_o author_n of_o the_o p._n 364._o alexandrian_a chronicle_n aver_v that_o it_o be_v hezekiah_n who_o first_o open_v the_o tomb_n to_o show_v the_o riches_n of_o his_o ancestor_n to_o the_o king_n of_o babylon_n ambassador_n and_o that_o for_o profane_v the_o ash_n of_o his_o father_n god_n devote_v his_o posterity_n to_o captivity_n that_o they_o shall_v account_v a_o young_a camel_n dress_v a_o noble_a feast_n will_v cease_v to_o be_v a_o subject_a of_o wonder_n or_o diversion_n when_o we_o remember_v that_o custom_n be_v the_o judge_n of_o good_a or_o coarse_a meat_n that_o every_o nation_n even_o in_o the_o civilise_a part_n of_o europe_n differ_v in_o their_o notion_n of_o preferable_a dish_n and_o that_o a_o treat_v of_o the_o best_a thing_n the_o country_n afford_v aught_o to_o be_v reckon_v a_o feast_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o their_o ancestor_n live_v on_o the_o same_o fare_n that_o l._n 16._o p._n 767._o strabo_n call_v the_o arab_n of_o his_o time_n camel-eater_n that_o adu._n jovin_n l._n 2._o c._n 6._o st._n hierome_n aver_v that_o the_o arab_n and_o saracen_n and_o all_o other_o the_o barbarous_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o desert_n live_v upon_o the_o milk_n and_o flesh_n of_o their_o camel_n and_o so_o say_v abulfarajus_fw-la that_o both_o hist_o anim_fw-la l._n 6._o c._n 26._o aristotle_n and_o 11._o 41._o pliny_n reckon_v the_o flesh_n and_o the_o milk_n of_o camel_n not_o only_o among_o the_o wholesome_a but_o among_o delicious_a meat_n and_o that_o in_o clio._n herodotus_n affirm_v that_o the_o persian_n of_o quality_n on_o their_o birth-day_n which_o be_v a_o solemn_a festival_n among_o they_o among_o other_o dish_n treat_v their_o friend_n with_o a_o whole_a ox_n and_o a_o whole_a camel_n dress_v that_o apud_fw-la athen_a l._n 4._o antiphanes_n say_v that_o a_o camel_n serve_v up_o hot_a be_v a_o feast_n for_o a_o king_n and_o that_o the_o emperor_n lamprid._n p._n 108._o elagabalus_n who_o be_v a_o native_a of_o that_o part_n of_o syria_n where_o the_o emir_n who_o treat_v the_o english_a merchant_n live_v in_o imitation_n of_o apicius_n who_o be_v no_o contemptible_a judge_n of_o luxurious_a eat_v have_v spend_v a_o fair_a estate_n in_o the_o gratification_n of_o his_o palate_n and_o be_v since_o his_o death_n quote_v as_o a_o author_n for_o all_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o old_a cookery_n use_v to_o eat_v the_o foot_n of_o camel_n as_o a_o extraordinary_a dish_n and_o when_o he_o will_v appear_v magnificent_a cause_v to_o be_v bring_v in_o at_o supper_n entire_a camel_n for_o the_o service_n of_o his_o friend_n pilaw_n or_o rice_n be_v another_o dish_n among_o the_o arab_n as_o also_o among_o the_o persian_n indian_n and_o turk_n and_o so_o it_o be_v of_o old_a say_v lib._n 15._o strabo_n the_o arab_n of_o this_o age_n live_v as_o their_o ancestor_n who_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o with_o their_o family_n and_o cattle_n and_o fix_v for_o a_o while_n wherever_o they_o find_v water_n for_o themselves_o and_o grass_n for_o their_o herd_n their_o tent_n be_v now_o as_o of_o old_a make_v of_o camel_n hair_n the_o camel_n be_v in_o truth_n the_o most_o useful_a of_o animal_n to_o they_o the_o flesh_n be_v their_o meat_n the_o milk_n their_o drink_n their_o tent_n be_v make_v of_o their_o hair_n their_o carriage_n be_v upon_o camel_n and_o their_o riches_n a_o numerous_a herd_n of_o they_o they_o marry_v as_o many_o wife_n as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v am._n marcellin_n l._n 23._o c._n 6._o general_o hate_v drunkenness_n and_o avoid_v it_o as_o the_o plague_n never_o make_v water_n stand_v nor_o ease_v nature_n but_o in_o a_o place_n of_o great_a privacy_n and_o those_o who_o be_v military_a man_n sit_v arm_v at_o the_o table_n and_o never_o put_v off_o their_o scimitar_n till_o they_o go_v to_o bed_n all_o which_o custom_n ammianus_n observe_v be_v practise_v among_o the_o old_a inhabitant_n of_o those_o country_n they_o measure_v their_o journey_n not_o by_o league_n or_o mile_n but_o by_o hour_n and_o day_n as_o the_o old_a syrian_n do_v impale_n be_v a_o punishment_n usual_a to_o this_o day_n and_o the_o criminal_a be_v force_v to_o carry_v his_o stake_n to_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n as_o the_o person_n to_o be_v crucify_v ancient_o carry_v his_o cross_n the_o custom_n of_o put_v the_o whole_a family_n to_o death_n for_o the_o offence_n of_o the_o chief_a of_o it_o of_o notorious_a and_o heinous_a as_o the_o murder_n of_o their_o prince_n or_o the_o like_a be_v not_o quite_o difuse_v to_o this_o day_n in_o persia_n and_o as_o valerian_n and_o other_o be_v flay_v alive_a so_o be_v marc_n antonio_n bragadini_n the_o venetian_a governor_n of_o famagusta_n torture_v by_o the_o turk_n when_o cyprus_n be_v take_v his_o skin_n be_v salt_v and_o stuff_v according_a to_o the_o old_a persian_a method_n and_o as_o the_o same_o valerian_n clad_v in_o his_o royal_a purple_n with_o his_o back_n lift_v sapores_fw-la into_o the_o saddle_n so_o be_v bajazet_n force_v to_o assist_v tamerlane_n when_o he_o mount_v the_o man_n of_o condition_n use_v of_o old_a to_o ride_v with_o a_o banner_n and_o so_o they_o continue_v to_o do_v to_o this_o day_n a_o present_a of_o one_o or_o more_o change_n of_o raiment_n be_v a_o mark_n of_o favour_n among_o the_o egyptian_n jew_n and_o syrian_n as_o long_o since_o as_o the_o day_n of_o the_o patriarch_n joseph_n and_o the_o habit_n the_o calaat_n send_v by_o the_o grand_a signior_n or_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n to_o any_o subject_a or_o foreigner_n be_v now_o one_o of_o the_o high_a instance_n of_o royal_a bounty_n in_o the_o monument_n of_o their_o dead_a the_o persian_n of_o former_a age_n place_v magi_n to_o keep_v the_o tomb_n arrian_n l._n 6._o expedit_fw-la alex._n p._n 144_o and_o in_o this_o present_a age_n the_o mahometan_n give_v a_o maintenance_n to_o a_o great_a or_o less_o number_n of_o moullah_n who_o read_v the_o law_n in_o the_o mosque_n and_o take_v care_n of_o the_o sepulcher_n where_o their_o prince_n be_v inter_v and_o as_o of_o old_a they_o hire_v their_o woman_n mourner_n to_o make_v a_o solemn_a lamentation_n at_o funeral_n so_o now_o the_o jewish_a woman_n be_v hire_v for_o the_o same_o purpose_n i_o shall_v add_v no_o more_o but_o that_o at_o aleppo_n as_o my_o worthy_a friend_n mr._n aaron_n goodyear_n inform_v i_o to_o who_o i_o profess_v myself_o indebt_v for_o many_o useful_a notice_n in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n the_o woman_n go_v to_o the_o river_n and_o with_o solemn_a sorrow_n bewail_v tammuz_n and_o afterward_o make_v themselves_o very_o merry_a which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o practice_n of_o one_o of_o the_o old_a superstition_n in_o the_o world_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v treat_v at_o large_a the_o heathen_a mythologist_n affirm_v apollodor_n bibliot_n l._n 3._o c._n 13._o that_o cinyras_n the_o assyrian_a found_v the_o city_n of_o paphos_n in_o the_o
chap._n 2._o of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n p._n 187._o chap._n 3._o of_o the_o public_a officer_n p._n 197._o chap._n 4._o of_o their_o idolatry_n and_o superstition_n p._n 241._o chap._n 5._o a_o account_n of_o vaballathus_n p._n 272._o chap._n 6._o the_o history_n of_o longinus_n p._n 287._o chap._n 7._o the_o commentary_n on_o the_o inscription_n p._n 295._o a_o view_n of_o the_o ruin_n of_o palmyra_n alias_o tadmor_n take_v on_o the_o southern_a side_n the_o history_n of_o palmyra_n history_n of_o remote_a country_n and_o strange_a revolution_n have_v be_v always_o entertain_v with_o respect_n and_o the_o pleasure_n of_o see_v at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n and_o hear_v of_o dismal_a catastrophe_n wherein_o we_o have_v no_o other_o immediate_a share_n but_o that_o of_o wonder_n and_o pity_n be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o mean_a satisfaction_n of_o a_o wise_a man_n life_n since_o every_o turn_v of_o providence_n in_o a_o foreign_a nation_n every_o new_a scene_n of_o prosperity_n or_o adversity_n be_v a_o lesson_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o best_a rule_n of_o behaviour_n both_o for_o a_o public_a and_o private_a capacity_n be_v deducible_a from_o such_o remarkable_a occurrence_n and_o among_o all_o the_o great_a revolution_n that_o have_v call_v for_o the_o astonishment_n and_o commiseration_n of_o mankind_n the_o several_a fortune_n of_o palmyra_n be_v not_o the_o least_o remarkable_a a_o country_n far_o distant_a from_o our_o region_n distinguish_v by_o nature_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n by_o a_o separate_a situation_n and_o a_o empire_n that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o year_n overran_a all_o the_o east_n baffle_v the_o force_n of_o the_o persian_n subdue_v egypt_n and_o make_v all_o asia_n to_o the_o hellespont_n tremble_v but_o in_o a_o few_o month_n afterward_o be_v strip_v of_o all_o its_o grandeur_n and_o by_o degree_n reduce_v to_o the_o low_a state_n of_o poverty_n as_o it_o be_v this_o day_n of_o this_o country_n i_o intend_v to_o treat_v of_o its_o founder_n and_o antiquity_n its_o situation_n and_o plenty_n its_o government_n ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a and_o its_o several_a fortune_n and_o condition_n as_o far_o as_o my_o read_n will_v assist_v i_o till_o some_o more_o able_a critic_n shall_v undertake_v the_o task_n and_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o such_o a_o account_n of_o the_o place_n as_o the_o ancient_n furnish_v we_o with_o chap._n i._n when_o solomon_n have_v finish_v his_o stupendous_a temple_n at_o jerusalem_n which_o better_o deserve_v to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o world_n wonder_n than_o that_o at_o ephesus_n and_o the_o noble_a palace_n which_o he_o build_v for_o himself_o 4._o 1_o king_n 9.10_o 18._o 2_o chron._n 8.3_o 4._o in_o the_o twenty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o make_v war_n against_o hamath-zobah_a which_o have_v be_v subdue_v by_o david_n but_o revolt_v and_o have_v conquer_v it_o he_o build_v tadmor_n in_o the_o wilderness_n the_o upper_a and_o nether_a bethhoron_n baalath_n and_o all_o the_o store-city_n which_o he_o strong_o fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o gate_n and_o bar_n they_o be_v his_o frontier_n town_n and_o the_o limit_n of_o his_o vast_a empire_n 9.26_o 2_o chron._n 9.26_o for_o he_o reign_v over_o all_o the_o king_n from_o the_o river_n euphrates_n to_o the_o land_n of_o the_o philistine_n and_o to_o the_o border_n of_o egypt_n 4.24_o 1_o king_n 4.24_o from_o tiphsac_n even_o to_o azzah_n i._n e._n from_o gaza_n to_o thapsachus_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o pass_n over_o the_o euphrates_n the_o arabic_a translator_n of_o 2_o chron._n 8.3_o imply_v that_o tadmor_n be_v a_o city_n before_o solomon_n time_n and_o that_o he_o only_o re-edify_v it_o that_o it_o be_v a_o metropolis_n of_o old_a as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o latter_a time_n and_o have_v many_o town_n under_o its_o jurisdiction_n nor_o be_v it_o altogether_o improbable_a those_o part_n of_o the_o world_n near_o the_o place_n where_o the_o ark_n rest_v after_o the_o deluge_n cease_v be_v first_o people_v the_o arabic_a historian_n 53._o historian_n verse_n poc._n p._n 53._o abulfarajus_fw-la say_v that_o solomon_n in_o the_o twenty_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n have_v destroy_v the_o city_n of_o antioch_n build_v seven_o city_n in_o its_o stead_n of_o which_o tadmor_n be_v one_o but_o the_o fabulous_a historian_n of_o antioch_n 152._o antioch_n par._n 1._o p._n 185._o &_o par._n 2._o p._n 152._o john_n matela_n averr_v that_o the_o foundation_n of_o palmyra_n be_v lay_v in_o the_o same_o place_n in_o which_o david_n slay_v goliath_n and_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n with_o his_o own_o sword_n and_o that_o king_n solomon_n in_o memory_n of_o this_o great_a victory_n build_v a_o noble_a city_n there_o and_z from_o the_o fate_n of_o the_o giant_n call_v it_o palmyra_n while_o 2._o while_o antiq._n l._n 8._o c._n 2._o josephus_n thus_o inform_v we_o that_o solomon_n after_o he_o have_v build_v gazara_n which_o pharaoh_n have_v take_v it_o from_o the_o philistine_n give_v to_o his_o daughter_n not_o far_o from_o it_o build_v two_o city_n betachora_n and_o bale_v with_o other_o place_n to_o which_o he_o may_v retire_v for_o his_o pleasure_n that_o he_o may_v enjoy_v a_o temperate_a air_n excellent_a fruit_n and_o pleasant_a stream_n from_o whence_o he_o pass_v into_o the_o desert_n above_o syria_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o great_a city_n which_o 47._o which_o hier._n in_o ezek._n 47._o he_o beautify_v with_o extraordinary_a building_n two_o day_n journey_n from_o the_o upper_a syria_n and_o one_o from_o euphrates_n but_o from_o babylon_n six_o day_n journey_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o he_o build_v this_o city_n so_o far_o from_o the_o inhabit_a place_n of_o syria_n be_v that_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n there_o be_v no_o water_n but_o in_o that_o place_n only_o there_o be_v fountain_n and_o well_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o peutinger_n table_n that_o near_o it_o stand_v the_o centum_fw-la putei_fw-la appendix_n putei_fw-la concern_v the_o name_n tadhmur_v and_o palmyra_n consult_v the_o appendix_n when_o therefore_o he_o have_v build_v the_o city_n and_o fence_v it_o with_o strong_a wall_n he_o name_v it_o tadmor_n as_o it_o be_v now_o call_v by_o the_o syrian_n while_o the_o greek_n call_v it_o palmyra_n chap._n ii_o from_o its_o founder_n and_o name_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o consider_v its_o situation_n and_o plenty_n as_o to_o its_o situation_n from_o the_o description_n that_o josephus_n give_v of_o it_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o though_o it_o stand_v in_o a_o desert_n country_n it_o be_v a_o very_a fertile_a spot_n of_o ground_n the_o air_n be_v very_o moderate_a and_o healthy_a for_o when_o porph._n when_o epist_n ad_fw-la porph._n longinus_n invite_v his_o friend_n porphyry_n thither_o he_o encourage_v he_o to_o undertake_v the_o journey_n upon_o two_o account_n first_o that_o they_o may_v renew_v their_o old_a friendship_n second_o that_o he_o may_v recover_v his_o break_a health_n by_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o air_n of_o palmyra_n 205._o palmyra_n lib._n 8._o p._n 205._o ptolemy_n place_n it_o east_n from_o alexanandria_n in_o the_o same_o climate_n with_o antioch_n seleucia_n hierapolis_n emesa_n and_o other_o city_n of_o alexandria_n say_v the_o author_n of_o the_o alexandrian_a chronicon_fw-la 82._o chron._n alex_n p._n 82._o in_o the_o longit._n of_o 71_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n and_o the_o latit_fw-fr of_o 34_o deg_fw-la the_o long_a day_n be_v there_o above_o 14_o hour_n the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o tadmur_n i_o conjecture_v be_v the_o son_n of_o abraham_n by_o keturah_n for_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v send_v by_o their_o father_n into_o the_o east_n gen._n 25.6_o i_o e._n into_o the_o east_n from_o jerusalem_n and_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n into_o the_o desert_n of_o arabia_n and_o the_o country_n border_v on_o the_o euphrates_n who_o inhabitant_n be_v call_v in_o holy_a writ_n the_o child_n of_o the_o east_n and_o be_v for_o that_o reason_n also_o call_v saracen_n that_o be_v oriental_n or_o easterling_n as_o our_o most_o learned_a pocock_n affirm_v now_o the_o saracen_n be_v say_v by_o ult_n by_o lib._n 23._o cap._n ult_n amm._n marcellinus_n to_o be_v the_o arabe_n scenitae_n though_o pliny_n and_o ptolemy_n distinguish_v they_o to_o who_o the_o palmyrenian_o be_v conterminous_a if_o not_o the_o same_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o odenathus_n in_o all_o the_o latter_a writer_n be_v call_v the_o king_n of_o the_o saracen_n though_o zenobia_n in_o her_o letter_n to_o aurelian_a distinguish_v the_o saracen_n from_o her_o subject_n reckon_v the_o saracen_n among_o her_o foreign_a troop_n and_o auxiliary_n in_o the_o ecclesiaslick_n notitia_fw-la it_o be_v account_v a_o part_n of_o phoenicia_n libanesia_n and_o porphyry_n treat_v of_o longinus_n invite_v he_o to_o
palmyra_n say_v he_o undertake_v to_o persuade_v he_o to_o leave_n sicily_n and_o to_o travel_v into_o phoenicia_n other_o make_v it_o a_o part_n of_o arabia_n but_o it_o be_v common_o repute_v by_o ptolemy_n and_o other_o a_o part_n of_o syria_n as_o phoenicia_n be_v another_o part_n of_o that_o large_a country_n though_o zenobia_n in_o her_o letter_n abovementioned_a distinguish_v the_o palmyrenian_o from_o the_o syrian_n as_o 40._o as_o l._n 1._o p._n 40._o zosimus_n also_o do_v that_o it_o stand_v in_o a_o wilderness_n beside_o the_o holy_a writ_n and_o josephus_n paris_n josephus_n nat._n hist_o tom_fw-mi 1._o l._n 1._o §._o 21._o p._n 583._o ad_fw-la paris_n pliny_n who_o be_v contemporary_a with_o the_o jewish_a historian_n agree_v who_o thus_o describe_v it_o palmyra_n be_v a_o city_n eminent_a in_o its_o situation_n in_o the_o riches_n of_o its_o soil_n and_o its_o pleasant_a stream_n be_v surround_v on_o every_o side_n with_o a_o vast_a desert_n of_o sand_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n and_o do_v preseve_v its_o liberty_n in_o a_o private_a condition_n between_o the_o two_o mighty_a empire_n the_o roman_a and_o parthian_a and_o as_o soon_o as_o any_o war_n happen_v to_o break_v out_o it_o be_v equal_o their_o care_n to_o engage_v it_o on_o their_o side_n and_o in_o their_o interest_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o seleucia_n on_o the_o tigris_n 337_o mile_n from_o the_o neighbour_a shore_n of_o syria_n or_o the_o mediterranean_a 203_o and_o from_o damascus_n 176._o the_o same_o author_n in_o other_o place_n also_o mention_n the_o solitude_n of_o palmyra_n beyond_o which_o on_o one_o hand_n be_v stelendena_n a_o country_n not_o so_o much_o as_o name_v by_o other_o writer_n on_o the_o other_o side_n they_o reach_v home_o to_o emesa_n and_o to_o the_o westward_n as_o far_o as_o petra_n in_o arabia_n fellix_fw-la from_o whence_o to_o the_o persian_a gulf_n it_o be_v all_o desert_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o euphrates_n a_o day_n be_v journey_n say_v sup_n say_v vbi_fw-la sup_n josephus_n not_o far_o from_o that_o noble_a river_n say_v 676._o say_v lib._n 5._o bell._n civ_o p._n 676._o appian_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o marc._n antony_n threaten_v the_o sack_n of_o the_o city_n the_o inhabitant_n immediate_o transport_v all_o their_o good_n beyond_o the_o river_n the_o bank_n of_o which_o they_o defend_v with_o their_o archer_n and_o so_o leave_v the_o town_n empty_a baffled_z the_o design_n and_o deceive_v the_o expectation_n of_o the_o roman_a troop_n but_o situate_v by_o a_o river_n that_o run_v by_o its_o wall_n who_o name_n ptolemy_n either_o know_v not_o or_o omit_v but_o other_o geographer_n call_v it_o palmyra_n etc._n domin_n marius_n niger_n maginus_fw-la etc._n etc._n affirm_v that_o it_o have_v its_o rise_n in_o the_o palmyrene_n mountain_n run_v through_o the_o country_n and_o at_o last_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o euphrates_n though_o now_o there_o be_v no_o footstep_n of_o its_o course_n leave_v nor_o be_v it_o a_o wonder_n that_o a_o small_a river_n shall_v be_v swallow_v up_o in_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n of_o such_o vast_a quantity_n of_o sand._n when_o solomon_n build_v it_o he_o give_v it_o all_o the_o advantage_n of_o strength_n and_o security_n that_o the_o rule_n of_o fortification_n in_o that_o age_n allow_v of_o and_o it_o continue_v so_o as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v a_o frontier_n garrison_n fence_v with_o strong_a wall_n and_o a_o advantageous_a situation_n but_o better_o guard_v by_o a_o brave_a garrison_n the_o militia_n of_o palmyra_n be_v esteem_v very_o stout_a their_o archer_n be_v excellent_a marks-man_n say_v sup_n say_v vbi_fw-la sup_n appian_n and_o their_o horseman_n well_o arm_v with_o heavy_a armour_n and_o very_o secure_a the_o army_n of_o zenobia_n say_v the_o historian_n consist_v of_o ancher_n 44._o zosim_fw-la l._n 1._o p._n 44._o and_o horseman_n arm_v cap-a-pé_a who_o notwithstanding_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o arm_n be_v much_o better_a horseman_n than_o the_o roman_n and_o such_o a_o 237._o a_o zonar_n tom_fw-mi 2._o p._n 237._o value_n do_v they_o set_v upon_o their_o horse_n that_o no_o great_a affront_n or_o disgrace_n can_v be_v offer_v to_o a_o palmyrenian_a than_o to_o take_v his_o horse_n from_o he_o nor_o do_v the_o roman_n disdain_v their_o assistance_n for_o in_o their_o militia_n with_o the_o assyrian_n and_o moor_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o palmyrene_n and_o osroene_n be_v muster_v chap._n iii_o palmtra_fw-mi be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n and_o give_v it_o its_o name_n be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o great_a trade_n rich_a say_v pliny_n in_o the_o fertility_n of_o its_o soil_n but_o much_o more_o so_o by_o its_o commerce_n for_o it_o have_v not_o only_o the_o advantage_n of_o its_o own_o commodity_n but_o be_v the_o thoroughfare_a of_o all_o the_o merchant_n that_o live_v beyond_o it_o towards_o the_o mediterranean_a who_o trade_v to_o forath_n and_o charax_n and_o other_o port_n on_o the_o persian_a gulf_n if_o i_o right_o understand_v 722._o understand_v nat._n hist_o l._n 6._o §._o 32._o p._n 722._o pliny_n who_o say_v that_o at_o petra_n in_o arabia_n the_o two_o way_n meet_v both_o of_o those_o who_o come_v through_o palmyra_n probable_o from_o antioch_n seleucia_n in_o pisidia_n laodicea_n and_o other_o conterminous_a place_n and_o of_o those_o also_o who_o come_v from_o gaza_n travel_v towards_o the_o gulf_n it_o be_v impossible_a but_o the_o caravan_n who_o make_v that_o their_o constant_a road_n both_o to_o and_o from_o persia_n must_v help_v to_o enrich_v the_o stage_n where_o they_o bait_v but_o this_o be_v not_o all_o its_o happiness_n its_o inhabitant_n be_v great_a merchant_n say_v sup_n say_v vbi_fw-la sup_n appian_n and_o marc._n antony_n think_v the_o plunder_n of_o this_o city_n a_o sufficient_a recompense_n for_o all_o the_o fatigue_n and_o hardship_n which_o his_o horse_n endure_v in_o that_o country_n during_o the_o persian_a war_n though_o he_o fail_v of_o his_o attempt_n they_o have_v form_v themselves_o into_o a_o company_n under_o a_o precedent_n and_o governor_n of_o their_o own_o a_o east-india_n trade_n can_v well_o be_v carry_v on_o by_o a_o single_a person_n though_o he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o merchant_n of_o tyre_n who_o be_v companion_n of_o prince_n for_o i_o find_v in_o one_o of_o the_o inscription_n 99_o pag._n 99_o that_o septimius_n orodes_n be_v honour_v with_o a_o illustrious_a testimonial_a from_o 〈◊〉_d from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o word_n that_o appear_v in_o no_o author_n that_o i_o know_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d like_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etym._n m._n p._n 474._o or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d id._n ib._n those_o governor_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o trade_n be_v call_v at_o athens_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etym._n m._n &_o harpocrat_n v._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d their_o number_n say_v aristotle_n be_v ten_o their_o business_n to_o oversee_a the_o port_n and_o to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o corn_n that_o be_v bring_v thither_o for_o which_o purpose_n they_o have_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o it_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o most_o honourable_a benefaction_n to_o build_v such_o a_o granary_n philostrat_v vit._n polemon_n smyrnae_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o precedent_n or_o chief_n of_o the_o merchant_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o they_o carry_v the_o manufacture_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o asia_n down_o the_o euphrates_n to_o balsora_n or_o perhaps_o no_o far_o than_o vologesia_n append_v vid._n append_v and_o bring_v from_o persia_n the_o merchandize_n of_o india_n and_o arabia_n and_o so_o furnish_v the_o roman_n with_o spice_n and_o silk_n and_o other_o rich_a good_n for_o though_o they_o be_v say_v to_o lie_v far_o from_o the_o sea_n and_o without_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o river_n which_o must_v be_v retract_v since_o it_o ancient_o have_v the_o assistance_n of_o a_o river_n though_o it_o be_v since_o lose_v in_o the_o sand_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v they_o be_v not_o far_o from_o the_o euphrates_n a_o noble_a and_o navigable_a river_n and_o have_v the_o conveniency_n of_o their_o camel_n and_o dromedary_n by_o which_o sort_n of_o carriage_n all_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o east_n be_v former_o bring_v into_o europe_n by_o caravan_n before_o the_o cape_n of_o good-hope_a be_v discover_v but_o palmyra_n have_v its_o own_o product_n salt_n with_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n now_o drive_v a_o trade_n and_o date_n the_o fruit_n of_o their_o palm-tree_n which_o be_v not_o only_o great_a delicacy_n at_o rome_n and_o elsewhere_o 4._o plut._n sympos_fw-la 8._o qu._n 4._o for_o nicolaus_n damascenus_n think_v the_o date_n of_o syria_n a_o fit_a present_n for_o augustus_n and_o phoenicia_n have_v its_o name_n from_o its_o grave_v
pretext_n that_o the_o king_n of_o armenia_n have_v receive_v his_o crown_n from_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n whereas_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v take_v it_o from_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n but_o in_o truth_n stimulate_v by_o his_o desire_n of_o vainglory_n make_v a_o expedition_n into_o the_o east_n reduce_v armenia_n and_o settle_v the_o government_n of_o that_o country_n take_v nisibis_n and_o batnae_n and_o be_v honour_v by_o the_o senate_n with_o the_o name_n of_o parthicus_n add_v to_o his_o other_o title_n after_o which_o he_o winter_v at_o antioch_n where_o he_o by_o a_o extraordinary_a providence_n and_o with_o much_o difficulty_n escape_v perish_v in_o that_o great_a earthquake_n which_o have_v almost_o ruine_v that_o noble_a city_n after_o this_o he_o return_v into_o the_o east_n past_o the_o euphrates_n subdue_v all_o adiabene_n arbela_n and_o gaugamela_n and_o come_v to_o babylon_n the_o parthian_n being_n unable_a to_o oppose_v he_o have_v be_v much_o weaken_a by_o their_o civil_a dissension_n then_o he_o pass_v the_o tigris_n and_o go_v to_o ctesiphon_n and_o thence_o pursue_v his_o conquest_n to_o the_o ocean_n where_o he_o declare_v that_o if_o he_o have_v be_v as_o young_a as_o alexander_n he_o will_v have_v follow_v the_o example_n of_o that_o illustrious_a prince_n and_o have_v sail_v into_o india_n but_o while_o he_o be_v thus_o amuse_v himself_o with_o his_o vain_a ambitious_a thought_n the_o province_n which_o he_o have_v subdue_v revolt_v and_o seize_v and_o murder_v the_o roman_a garrison_n whereupon_o trajan_n command_v lusius_n and_o maximus_n to_o chastise_v the_o rebel_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o city_n to_o term_n of_o duty_n and_o obedience_n in_o this_o expedition_n maximus_n be_v slay_v in_o battle_n but_o lusius_n recover_v nisibis_n take_v edessa_n as_o he_o do_v also_o seleucia_n and_o other_o place_n by_o his_o lieutenant-general_n whereupon_o to_o prevent_v their_o future_a revolt_n trajan_n give_v the_o parthian_n a_o king_n and_o settle_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o east_n as_o aurelian_a as_o in_o aurelian_a vopiscus_n call_v that_o country_n because_o in_o respect_n of_o rome_n the_o sun_n seem_v to_o rise_v in_o parthia_n and_o this_o the_o coin_n confirm_v which_o mention_v the_o reduce_n of_o armenia_n and_o mesopotamia_n under_o the_o power_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o this_o emperor_n reign_n at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v probable_a palmyra_n be_v much_o ruin_v for_o otherwise_o it_o will_v not_o have_v want_v the_o favourable_a assistance_n of_o trajan_n successor_n who_o may_v be_v just_o reckon_v their_o second_o founder_n hadrian_n be_v a_o magnificent_a prince_n and_o a_o great_a builder_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n call_v the_o wall-flower_n a_o great_a number_n of_o eminent_a edifice_n owe_v their_o be_v and_o beauty_n to_o his_o liberality_n he_o it_o be_v who_o build_v the_o fora_n at_o nicodemia_n and_o nice_n 598._o chron._n alex_n p._n 598._o the_o four_o highway_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n that_o look_v towards_o bythinia_n at_o cyzicum_n he_o build_v the_o temple_n and_o floar_v it_o with_o marble_n and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n he_o either_o erect_v new_a or_o repair_v the_o old_a building_n both_o sacred_a and_o civil_a and_o in_o almost_o every_o city_n of_o his_o vast_a empire_n he_o leave_v some_o mark_n of_o his_o magnificence_n hadrian_n magnificence_n hadrian_n dio_fw-mi cassius_n affirm_v that_o he_o generous_o assist_v all_o the_o town_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o his_o empire_n or_o confederate_a with_o it_o of_o which_o he_o visit_v more_o than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v employ_v in_o more_o than_o one_o progress_n through_o those_o spacious_a territory_n some_o city_n he_o adorn_v with_o aqueduct_n other_o with_o safe_a port_n upon_o some_o he_o bestow_v a_o donative_n of_o corn_n or_o public_a building_n upon_o other_o money_n or_o privilege_n 364._o privilege_n jo._n malel_n par_fw-fr 1._o pag._n 363_o 364._o at_o antioch_n he_o repair_v what_o have_v be_v destroy_v by_o that_o terrible_a and_o furious_a earthquake_n that_o in_o trajan_n time_n have_v almost_o bury_v that_o noble_a city_n in_o its_o own_o ruin_n as_o he_o do_v the_o temple_n at_o cyzicum_n which_o in_o his_o own_o reign_n have_v be_v destroy_v by_o another_o earthquake_n and_o make_v it_o one_o of_o the_o world_n wonder_n for_o architecture_n and_o beauty_n bestow_v great_a privilege_n upon_o the_o poor_a undo_v inhabitant_n which_o be_v the_o noble_a charity_n he_o also_o re-erect_v the_o colossus_n at_o rhodes_n which_o have_v be_v many_o year_n before_o throw_v down_o by_o a_o earthquake_n above_o all_o he_o be_v a_o great_a benefactor_n to_o the_o city_n of_o athens_n towards_o which_o he_o always_o express_v a_o peculiar_a regard_n as_o in_o requital_n they_o call_v he_o while_o alive_a adrianus_n olympius_n in_o their_o coin_n and_o inscription_n as_o he_o be_v in_o several_a other_o city_n after_o his_o death_n deify_v especial_o in_o syria_n for_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n and_o to_o be_v do_v good_a be_v in_o the_o esteem_n even_o of_o the_o heathen_a world_n most_o godlike_a quality_n chap._n ix_o but_o the_o liberality_n of_o this_o munificent_a emperor_n be_v not_o confine_v to_o greece_n or_o the_o adjacent_a part_n of_o asia_n the_o remote_a city_n of_o syria_n who_o have_v suffer_v so_o deep_o during_o the_o war_n which_o trajan_n make_v in_o the_o east_n be_v not_o exclude_v from_o their_o share_n in_o his_o bounty_n for_o he_o have_v be_v a_o hadr._n a_o sparta_n hadr._n lieutenant-general_n in_o that_o expedition_n and_o have_v see_v the_o dismal_a effect_n of_o war_n and_o military_a rage_n and_o rapine_n and_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o trajan_n have_v make_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o parthian_n envious_a of_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o predecessor_n say_v sextus_n rufus_n very_o malicious_o have_v remove_v the_o king_n who_o trajan_n have_v set_v over_o they_o and_o withdraw_v the_o roman_a army_n out_o of_o all_o the_o country_n beyond_o the_o euphrates_n and_o because_o he_o be_v not_o ambitious_a to_o have_v his_o name_n inscribe_v on_o all_o his_o public_a building_n as_o it_o be_v customary_a he_o give_v it_o to_o the_o city_n which_o he_o new_o build_v or_o beautify_v among_o who_o we_o must_v reckon_v palmyra_n vrb_n palmyra_n steph._n the_o vrb_n which_o after_o he_o have_v repair_v its_o ruin_n he_o call_v hadrianople_n and_o with_o the_o leave_n of_o father_n harduin_n perhaps_o the_o coin_n in_o the_o king_n of_o france_n treasury_n and_o in_o mounseur_fw-fr patin_n p._n 203._o with_o this_o incription_n αδÏιαν_fw-gr μητÏοÏολιϲ_n may_v be_v ascribe_v not_o to_o hadrianople_n in_o thrace_n nor_o that_o other_o city_n in_o cyrenaica_n of_o the_o same_o name_n but_o to_o palmyra_n which_o be_v a_o mother-city_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o 99_o the_o pag._n 99_o inscription_n and_o by_o ptolemy_n who_o not_o only_o reckon_v it_o among_o the_o metropoles_fw-la of_o coelesyria_n but_o make_v it_o the_o capital_a of_o the_o province_n of_o palmyrene_n which_o have_v its_o denomination_n from_o it_o and_o it_o be_v not_o unfit_o represent_v by_o a_o woman_n sit_v on_o a_o hill_n for_o tadmor_n be_v enclose_v on_o three_o side_n with_o long_a ridge_n of_o mountain_n the_o castle_n be_v build_v on_o one_o of_o they_o which_o command_v the_o entrance_n into_o the_o city_n and_o to_o this_o city_n i_o will_v ascribe_v the_o coin_n of_o caracalla_n in_o mounseur_fw-fr patin_n p._n 302._o with_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o archer_n almost_o naked_a on_o the_o reverse_n his_o thin_a habit_n imply_v the_o heat_n and_o his_o arm_n the_o militia_n of_o his_o country_n the_o sagittarii_fw-la of_o palmyrene_n be_v famous_a in_o history_n this_o city_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o adrian_n visit_v when_o in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o his_o empire_n he_o make_v his_o progress_n into_o the_o east_n and_o receive_v the_o homage_n of_o all_o the_o king_n and_o toparch_n who_o territory_n lay_v in_o those_o part_n and_o this_o his_o expedition_n i_o understand_v to_o be_v mean_v in_o the_o inscription_n in_o which_o expedition_n 105._o pag._n 105._o malech_n agrippa_n the_o son_n of_o jaraius_n be_v the_o second_o time_n the_o secretary_n of_o the_o city_n and_o when_o that_o prince_n happen_v to_o draw_v near_o his_o end_n and_o the_o palmyrenian_o be_v in_o fear_n of_o lose_v their_o patron_n their_o neighbour_n of_o the_o city_n tieve_v three_o day_n journey_n from_o tadmor_n towards_o the_o euphrates_n probable_o the_o oriza_n of_o ptolemy_n as_o the_o learned_a mr._n halley_n conjecture_n and_o a_o city_n of_o paelmyrene_n as_o ptolemy_n reckon_v it_o make_v their_o vow_n for_o his_o recovery_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o inscription_n 109._o pag._n 109._o for_o in_o the_o last_o year_n the_o nineteenth_o of_o his_o reign_n not_o the_o seven_o as_o
himself_o to_o to_o the_o conquer_a party_n and_o acknowledge_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o persian_n not_o be_v able_a alone_a and_o unassisted_a to_o oppose_v so_o great_a a_o power_n see_v the_o roman_a emperor_n engage_v in_o person_n in_o the_o head_n of_o a_o puissant_a army_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o east_n and_o know_v that_o his_o ancestor_n have_v receive_v many_o signal_n favour_n from_o the_o emperor_n predecessor_n to_o valerian_n be_v easy_o persuade_v to_o declare_v for_o the_o roman_a interest_n but_o when_o valerian_n be_v take_v captive_a odenathus_n bethink_v himself_o and_o endeavour_v to_o make_v his_o peace_n have_v find_v the_o persian_a monarch_n so_o much_o superior_a to_o the_o roman_a whereupon_o be_v convince_v of_o the_o necessity_n he_o be_v under_o to_o smooth_v the_o mind_n of_o that_o haughty_a prince_n he_o form_v a_o embassy_n load_v several_a camel_n with_o most_o noble_a present_n especial_o of_o such_o thing_n which_o persia_n do_v not_o produce_v and_o send_v they_o to_o sapores_fw-la with_o the_o most_o submissive_a letter_n affirm_v that_o in_o the_o whole_a war_n he_o have_v not_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o that_o great_a king_n but_o the_o proud_a persian_a command_v his_o servant_n to_o throw_v the_o present_n into_o the_o river_n and_o tear_v the_o letter_n he_o trample_v they_o under_o his_o foot_n express_v himself_o in_o a_o angry_a tone_n to_o this_o purpose_n who_o be_v this_o insolent_a man_n and_o from_o whence_o that_o he_o dare_v write_v his_o letter_n to_o his_o liege_n lord_n and_o sovereign_n if_o he_o intend_v to_o alleviate_v his_o punishment_n let_v he_o come_v hither_o with_o his_o hand_n tie_v behind_o his_o back_n fall_v at_o my_o foot_n and_o beg_v my_o pardon_n but_o if_o he_o refuse_v let_v he_o know_v that_o i_o will_v destroy_v he_o and_o his_o family_n and_o ruin_v his_o country_n what_o effect_n this_o sharp_a answer_n have_v upon_o the_o prince_n of_o palmyra_n we_o want_v information_n but_o i_o doubt_v not_o he_o dissemble_v his_o resentment_n make_v the_o best_a term_n he_o can_v for_o himself_o and_o wait_v a_o opportunity_n to_o revenge_v the_o injury_n which_o in_o a_o few_o year_n offer_v itself_o when_o gallienus_n give_v he_o his_o commission_n to_o insult_v the_o persian_n to_o support_v the_o opinion_n that_o odenathus_n be_v be_v a_o ally_n if_o not_o a_o subject_a of_o the_o persian_n before_o valerian_n attempt_v the_o recovery_n of_o the_o east_n out_o of_o their_o hand_n trebellius_n pollio_n affirm_v that_o when_o cyriades_n pretend_v to_o the_o empire_n he_o rob_v his_o father_n of_o a_o vast_a sum_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o with_o it_o flee_v to_o the_o persian_n and_o have_v insinuate_v himself_o into_o the_o affection_n of_o sapores_fw-la and_o enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o he_o incite_v he_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o roman_n after_o he_o have_v engage_v odenathus_n in_o the_o same_o design_n that_o he_o take_v antioch_n and_o caesarea_n and_o make_v himself_o either_o by_o downright_a force_n or_o the_o terror_n of_o his_o arm_n lord_n of_o the_o east_n whereupon_o he_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o augustus_n but_o when_o valerian_n come_v into_o the_o east_n he_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o soldier_n this_o alliance_n he_o make_v with_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n say_v 25._o say_v tom._n 3._o pag._n 25._o tristan_n in_o the_o first_o or_o second_o year_n of_o valerian_n in_o the_o four_o say_v mezzobarba_n and_o he_o reign_v at_o least_o two_o year_n say_v the_o 72._o the_o goltz_n thesaur_n p._n 72._o coin_n but_o salmasius_n will_v not_o allow_v that_o odenathus_n be_v concern_v in_o this_o attempt_n upon_o syria_n but_o odomastes_n perhaps_o oromastes_n who_o he_o suppose_v a_o general_n or_o a_o tributary_n prince_n to_o the_o persian_a though_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o improbable_a but_o the_o prince_n of_o palmyra_n may_v be_v engage_v in_o this_o design_n not_o only_o because_o in_o league_n with_o the_o persian_a but_o also_o because_o be_v a_o ambitious_a politic_a and_o warlike_a prince_n he_o be_v willing_a to_o enlarge_v his_o limit_n and_o to_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o distract_a estate_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n at_o that_o time_n to_o make_v addition_n to_o his_o own_o territory_n but_o when_o valerian_n be_v march_v into_o the_o east_n and_o cyriades_n be_v slay_v than_o he_o bethink_v himself_o and_o in_o good_a time_n change_v his_o party_n and_o declare_v for_o the_o roman_n which_o enrage_v sapores_fw-la and_o give_v occasion_n to_o he_o to_o upbraid_v odenathus_n when_o valerian_n be_v make_v prisoner_n with_o his_o apostasy_n from_o his_o duty_n chap._n xiii_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o roman_a eagle_n have_v be_v thus_o deplumed_a and_o the_o glory_n of_o the_o empire_n eclip'_v while_o valerian_n wear_v the_o chain_n and_o daily_o suffer_v the_o insolence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n it_o may_v have_v be_v with_o justice_n expect_v that_o gallienus_n shall_v have_v exert_v his_o utmost_a power_n to_o release_v his_o father_n and_o set_v his_o country_n and_o subject_n free_a but_o instead_o of_o apply_v himself_o to_o such_o become_a undertake_n which_o will_v have_v give_v new_a life_n to_o his_o people_n and_o new_a laurel_n to_o himself_o who_o have_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n behave_v himself_o like_o a_o man_n of_o courage_n and_o conduct_n he_o give_v himself_o up_o to_o all_o manner_n of_o voluptuousness_n and_o permit_v the_o commonwealth_n to_o be_v shipwrack_v inasmuch_o as_o he_o not_o only_o neglect_v to_o make_v a_o attempt_n for_o his_o father_n release_n while_o by_o the_o barbarian_n the_o neighbour_a prince_n who_o be_v confederate_a with_o the_o persian_n sapores_fw-la be_v solicit_v with_o all_o earnestness_n to_o set_v he_o at_o liberty_n and_o to_o make_v a_o 155._o a_o aurel._n victor_n caess_a p._n 155._o peace_n of_o which_o the_o letter_n still_o extant_a in_o trebellius_n pollio_n be_v a_o undeniable_a demonstration_n while_o also_o the_o bactrian_n iberian_o albanian_o and_o tauroscythae_n write_v to_o the_o roman_a general_n promise_v their_o assistance_n to_o redeem_v he_o out_o of_o a_o ignominious_a slavery_n but_o suffer_v the_o goth_n a.d._n 261._o say_v the_o fasti_fw-la idatiani_n but_o cassiodore_n say_v anno_fw-la 263._o to_o overrun_v all_o thrace_n macedon_n and_o achaia_n with_o the_o neighbour_a province_n 34._o zosim_fw-la l._n 1._o p._n 34._o one_o party_n of_o they_o ravage_v illyricum_n and_o pillage_n all_o its_o city_n another_o invade_a italy_n and_o march_v to_o the_o very_a gate_n of_o rome_n while_o the_o parthian_n make_v their_o inroad_n into_o mesopotamia_n and_o the_o syrian_a banditti_z harass_v the_o east_n 80._o east_n aug._n ep._n 80._o insomuch_o as_o the_o considerate_a part_n of_o mankind_n think_v the_o world_n near_o its_o end_n and_o the_o sad_a effect_n of_o those_o eruption_n be_v visible_a in_o the_o ruin_n of_o many_o a_o noble_a city_n and_o country_n almost_o two_o hundred_o year_n after_o both_o in_o the_o east_n and_o west_n say_v 22._o say_v lib._n 7._o cap._n 22._o orosius_n while_o every_o bold_a pretender_n dare_v set_v up_o his_o title_n to_o the_o empire_n in_o the_o west_n who_o can_v defend_v his_o usurpation_n with_o his_o sword_n his_o father_n valerian_n languish_v all_o the_o while_n under_o a_o severe_a captivity_n 175._o treb._n pol._n p._n 175._o till_o his_o age_n and_o his_o affliction_n have_v cover_v he_o with_o grey_a hair_n when_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v in_o this_o perplex_a estate_n 179._o eutrop._n l._n 9_o §._o 10._o treb._n pol._n p._n 178_o 179._o and_o their_o interest_n at_o the_o low_a ebb_n gallienus_n have_v desert_v the_o care_n of_o the_o republic_n sauntre_v away_o his_o time_n idle_o or_o spend_v it_o ridiculous_o in_o the_o company_n of_o rope-dancer_n and_o stage-player_n and_o laugh_v at_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o a_o fertile_a and_o rich_a province_n while_o posthumus_n maintain_v its_o grandeur_n in_o the_o west_n and_o preserve_v gallia_n and_o odenathus_n in_o the_o east_n attack_v and_o subdue_v the_o persian_n for_o when_o that_o senseless_a emperor_n see_v himself_o so_o miserable_o oppress_v on_o all_o hand_n awaken_v by_o the_o outcry_n of_o his_o people_n he_o for_o a_o little_a while_n rouse_v himself_o out_o of_o his_o lethargy_n and_o look_v about_o he_o and_o see_v all_o at_o stake_n request_v odenathus_n 237._o zosim_fw-la l._n 1._o pag._n 36._o zonar_n t._n 2._o p._n 235_o 237._o the_o governor-general_n or_o praetor_n of_o palmyrene_n and_o confederate_a of_o the_o roman_n the_o prince_n of_o that_o country_n say_v trebellius_n pollio_n to_o drive_v the_o persian_n out_o of_o the_o roman_a territory_n odenathus_n consider_v that_o if_o he_o do_v not_o interpose_v it_o will_v be_v impossible_a but_o that_o sapores_fw-la will_v in_o a_o small_a time_n under_o
and_o herodes_n at_o least_o three_o as_o the_o coin_n express_o prove_v it_o be_v probable_a that_o odenathus_n wear_v the_o purple_a some_o time_n after_o gallienus_n declare_v he_o emperor_n before_o he_o assume_v herodes_n to_o be_v his_o copartner_n in_o his_o government_n leave_v his_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n by_o right_a to_o his_o grandson_n vaballathus_n append_v vid._n append_v but_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o and_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la to_o zenobia_n and_o her_o son_n herennianus_n and_o timolaus_n chap._n xvi_o o_o denathus_n be_v murder_v the_o same_o year_n that_o gallienus_n be_v slay_v but_o some_o time_n before_o he_o for_o anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 260_o valerian_n be_v take_v in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n after_o which_o the_o persian_n manage_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o east_n according_a to_o their_o own_o will_n and_o pleasure_n valerian_n son_n and_o his_o copart'ner_n in_o the_o empire_n gallienus_n be_v lose_v in_o the_o maze_n of_o his_o vice_n and_o so_o devote_v to_o his_o pleasure_n that_o his_o name_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v in_o the_o army_n who_o seem_v to_o have_v forget_v he_o as_o entire_o as_o he_o have_v forget_v himself_o and_o all_o princely_a qualification_n for_o he_o rejoice_v at_o his_o father_n captivity_n which_o clad_v all_o rome_n in_o mourn_v and_o cover_v every_o wise_a man_n with_o tear_n and_o divert_v himself_o with_o stage-plays_a 182._o treb._n pol._n p._n 176_o 182._o horse-race_n and_o the_o combat_n of_o the_o gladiator_n in_o make_v himself_o bed_n of_o rose_n to_o wallow_v in_o in_o the_o summertime_n and_o bed_n of_o melon_n to_o gratify_v his_o palate_n in_o the_o winter_n in_o build_v castle_n of_o apple_n and_o other_o fruit_n and_o exercise_v his_o noble_a courage_n in_o attacking_z they_o in_o find_v out_o method_n how_o to_o preserve_v grape_n sound_a and_o untainted_a three_o year_n and_o wine_n always_o in_o the_o must_v fig_n always_o green_a and_o apple_n ripe_a in_o every_o month_n in_o the_o year_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v bear_v a_o slave_n to_o his_o belly_n and_o his_o pleasure_n he_o spend_v all_o his_o time_n in_o riot_n and_o luxury_n in_o wine_n and_o woman_n never_o will_v drink_v but_o out_o of_o a_o golden_a bowl_n despise_v glass_n because_o common_a and_o cheap_a and_o every_o time_n change_v his_o wine_n his_o concubine_n sit_v at_o the_o same_o table_n with_o he_o and_o at_o the_o next_o table_n to_o he_o his_o buffoon_n parasite_n and_o jester_n his_o clothes_n be_v foreign_a and_o different_a from_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o roman_a prince_n his_o predecessor_n his_o hair_n powder_v with_o gold_n and_o his_o head_n crown_v with_o ray_n while_o his_o most_o intimate_a privy-counseller_n be_v the_o roman_a lady_n and_o in_o this_o dissolute_a course_n he_o live_v till_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 264._o when_o odenathus_n undertake_v and_o revenge_v the_o quarrel_n and_o baffle_v and_o put_v to_o flight_v the_o formidable_a host_n in_o which_o year_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a the_o persian_a king_n enrage_v at_o his_o loss_n of_o honour_n spoil_n and_o conquer_a territory_n put_v valerian_n to_o death_n anno_fw-la 268_o odenathus_n be_v murder_v and_o the_o same_o year_n gallienus_n be_v slay_v for_o thus_o the_o 184._o the_o treb._n pol._n p._n 184._o historian_n state_n his_o account_n of_o time_n whereas_o valerian_n and_o his_o son_n reign_v fifteen_o year_n in_o the_o six_o valerian_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o the_o persian_n after_o which_o gallienus_n reign_v nine_o year_n some_o say_v ten_o for_o its_o certain_a that_o he_o celebrate_v his_o decennalia_fw-la at_o rome_n and_o after_o that_o overcome_v the_o goth_n make_v a_o peace_n with_o odenathus_n a_o agreement_n with_o aureolus_n and_o overcome_v posthumus_n and_o lollianus_n after_o which_o he_o be_v slay_v near_o milan_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o cerronius_n or_o cecropius_fw-la the_o general_n of_o the_o dalmatian_a troop_n what_o the_o quarrel_n be_v between_o gallienus_n and_o odenathus_n and_o upon_o what_o reason_n no_o historian_n that_o i_o know_v of_o give_v any_o account_n but_o perhaps_o the_o coin_n hint_n it_o for_o in_o those_o of_o gallienus_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 266_o a_o year_n and_o more_o before_o odenathus_n be_v murder_v there_o often_o occur_v pax_n augg._n concordia_fw-la augg._n with_o two_o right_a hand_n join_v it_o be_v true_a mezzobarba_n understand_v the_o inscription_n of_o the_o union_n between_o gallienus_n and_o the_o junior_a valerian_n but_o beside_o that_o valerian_n be_v not_o emperor_n till_o the_o next_o year_n after_o those_o coin_n be_v stamp_v anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 267_o as_o mezzobarba_n himself_o confess_v we_o never_o read_v of_o any_o dispute_n between_o they_o for_o the_o young_a valerian_n be_v a_o prince_n of_o excellent_a temper_n and_o modesty_n but_o a_o quarrel_n there_o be_v between_o odenathus_n and_o gallienus_n as_o trebellius_n pollio_n say_v express_o much_o less_o can_v i_o interpret_v the_o coin_n to_o have_v relation_n to_o valerian_n the_o father_n as_o mounseur_fw-fr patin_n do_v for_o long_o before_o this_o year_n valerian_n be_v a_o prisoner_n in_o persia_n and_o probable_o murder_v it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o there_o be_v great_a variety_n of_o opinion_n concern_v the_o age_n of_o valerian_n and_o that_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o adjust_a the_o precise_a time_n of_o his_o death_n which_o happen_v at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n from_o rome_n and_o in_o a_o country_n at_o open_a war_n with_o the_o emperor_n which_o preclude_v all_o communication_n but_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o fix_v the_o time_n 1._o time_n tom._n 3._o pag._n 1._o mounseur_fw-fr tristan_n say_v express_o that_o valerian_n be_v bear_v an._n v.c._n 937._o anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 185_o and_o that_o he_o be_v murder_v a_o aet_fw-la 75_o christi_fw-la 260_o the_o very_a year_n in_o which_o he_o be_v make_v a_o prisoner_n but_o the_o whole_a assertion_n be_v precarious_a and_o build_v upon_o the_o wrong_a supposition_n that_o he_o live_v but_o 75_o year_n and_o be_v flay_v the_o very_a year_n in_o which_o he_o be_v take_v signior_n mezzobarba_n affirm_v that_o he_o be_v slay_v a_o aet_fw-la 77._o but_o fix_v no_o year_n either_o from_o the_o building_n of_o rome_n or_o from_o our_o bless_a saviour_n birth_n the_o writer_n of_o the_o imperial_a history_n of_o those_o time_n say_v only_o in_o general_n that_o he_o live_v to_o a_o great_a age_n in_o the_o state_n of_o captivity_n while_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o chronicon_fw-la common_o call_v the_o alexandrian_a allow_v he_o to_o have_v live_v but_o 61_o year_n but_o express_o affirm_v that_o he_o reign_v 14_o year_n and_o that_o he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o persian_n when_o claudius_n and_o paternus_n be_v consul_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 268_o 9_o most_o of_o the_o old_a fasti_fw-la aver_v that_o valerian_n and_o gallienus_n reign_v 15_o year_n and_o so_o do_v trebellius_n pollio_n and_o that_o valerian_n be_v take_v by_o the_o persian_n gallieno_fw-la 7._o &_o sabinillo_n coss_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 266._o as_o idatius_n declare_v among_o all_o which_o writer_n there_o be_v great_a variety_n but_o little_a truth_n while_o its_o plain_a to_o i_o that_o valerian_n be_v alive_a when_o odenathus_n first_o take_v arm_n for_o his_o release_n and_o so_o can_v not_o be_v put_v to_o death_n the_o same_o year_n in_o which_o he_o be_v take_v 179._o pag._n 179._o trebellius_n pollio_n express_o affirm_v that_o odenathus_n exert_v his_o utmost_a vigour_n and_o attend_v to_o nothing_o else_o but_o that_o valerian_n may_v recover_v his_o liberty_n and_o the_o same_o author_n as_o express_o aver_v 184._o pag._n 184._o that_o valerian_n be_v dead_a before_o odenathus_n be_v murder_v the_o anger_n of_o god_n as_o he_o say_v appear_v visible_o against_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n in_o that_o after_o valerian_n be_v slay_v he_o will_v not_o suffer_v odenathus_n to_o live_v i_o be_o therefore_o of_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o learned_a mounseur_fw-fr patin_n 405._o pag._n 405._o that_o as_o soon_o as_o sapores_fw-la have_v experiment_a to_o his_o cost_n the_o bravery_n and_o conduct_n of_o the_o king_n of_o palmyra_n and_o understand_v that_o his_o design_n be_v to_o restore_v the_o captive_a valerian_n to_o his_o liberty_n from_o a_o ignominious_a slavery_n then_o his_o rage_n transport_v he_o to_o that_o barbarous_a and_o inhuman_a act_n of_o cruelty_n a._n c._n 264_o and_o if_o we_o may_v credit_v the_o coin_n in_o goltzius_n he_o be_v deify_v after_o his_o death_n 70._o thesaur_n p._n 70._o but_o enough_o of_o this_o digression_n let_v we_o return_v to_o zenobia_n chap._n xvii_o septimia_n zenobia_n for_o so_o she_o be_v call_v and_o for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o her_o first_o name_n we_o be_v whole_o oblige_v to_o the_o coin_n be_v thus_o leave_v by_o her_o husband_n the_o empress_n of_o the_o east_n
though_o the_o senate_n when_o he_o be_v elect_v cry_v out_o five_o time_n o_o emperor_n claudius_n deliver_v we_o from_o the_o palmyrenian_o and_o again_o seven_o time_n o_o emperor_n claudius_n rescue_v we_o from_o zenobia_n and_o victorina_n for_o he_o be_v force_v to_o acknowledge_v in_o his_o letter_n that_o as_o tetricus_n have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o all_o france_n and_o spain_n so_o the_o queen_n of_o palmyra_n to_o their_o shame_n be_v it_o speak_v be_v possess_v of_o all_o their_o archer_n while_o the_o force_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v employ_v by_o claudius_n sup_n zosim_fw-la l._n 1._o p._n 39_o 40._o pollio_n ubi_fw-la sup_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 270_o antiochianus_fw-la and_o orphitus_n be_v consul_n to_o compel_v the_o scythian_n to_o repass_v the_o danube_n and_o to_o return_v to_o their_o own_o country_n for_o they_o have_v ravage_v asia_n and_o achaia_n acarnania_n boeotia_n thessaly_n and_o the_o adjacent_a country_n zenobia_n send_v her_o troop_n into_o egypt_n to_o reduce_v that_o fertile_a country_n under_o her_o jurisdiction_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o rich_a province_n have_v upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o gallienus_n unanimous_o acknowledge_v and_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o claudius_n though_o he_o be_v absent_a this_o zenobia_n resent_v as_o a_o injury_n offer_v to_o her_o own_o title_n and_o the_o succession_n of_o her_o son_n it_o be_v usual_a for_o the_o junior_n augustus_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o elder_a to_o claim_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n or_o else_o she_o take_v this_o occasion_n to_o assert_v her_o pretension_n to_o that_o kingdom_n for_o she_o derive_v her_o pedigree_n from_o the_o family_n of_o the_o ptolemy_n and_o particular_o from_o cleopatra_n the_o last_o queen_n of_o that_o country_n who_o the_o roman_n have_v by_o force_n dispossess_v to_o make_v this_o conquest_n she_o send_v her_o general_n zabdas_n into_o egypt_n where_o a_o party_n of_o the_o native_n under_o timagenes_n pollio_n call_v he_o timogenes_n have_v already_o declare_v for_o her_o interest_n and_o support_v her_o claim_n who_o with_o a_o powerful_a army_n of_o seventy_o thousand_o man_n make_v up_o of_o palmyrenian_o syrian_n and_o barbarian_n fight_v fifty_o thousand_o egyptian_n and_o after_o a_o very_a sharp_a engagement_n in_o which_o the_o militia_n of_o palmyra_n continue_v the_o fight_n with_o unwearied_a obstinacy_n and_o pertinaciousness_n get_v the_o victory_n after_o which_o have_v leave_v five_o thousand_o of_o his_o soldier_n behind_o he_o to_o keep_v the_o country_n in_o awe_n he_o return_v to_o palmyra_n while_o this_o invasion_n be_v make_v probus_n who_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n have_v declare_v the_o praefect_n of_o egypt_n be_v according_a to_o command_v scour_v the_o neighbour_a sea_n of_o the_o pirate_n who_o in_o those_o time_n of_o disorder_n much_o infest_a the_o bottom_n of_o the_o strait_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o hear_v the_o fatal_a news_n that_o during_o his_o absence_n egypt_n have_v be_v subdue_v he_o return_v with_o all_o speed_n form_v a_o army_n of_o what_o force_v he_o have_v with_o he_o and_o such_o other_o of_o the_o native_n as_o be_v content_a to_o listen_v themselves_o for_o the_o service_n and_o to_o throw_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o palmyrenian_o which_o they_o hate_v and_o make_v a_o attempt_n upon_o the_o guard_n who_o zabdas_n have_v leave_v to_o preserve_v his_o new_a conquest_n in_o obedience_n he_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o country_n upon_o the_o report_n of_o this_o revolution_n zabdas_n return_v but_o probus_n have_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n strengthen_v his_o troop_n with_o recruit_n from_o lybia_n and_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o egypt_n attack_v the_o enemy_n get_v the_o victory_n and_o drive_v the_o man_n of_o palmyra_n a_o second_o time_n out_o of_o that_o country_n in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o victory_n probus_n possess_v himself_o of_o a_o hill_n near_o babylon_n the_o egyptian_a city_n of_o that_o name_n that_o he_o may_v preclude_v zabdas_n from_o retire_v into_o syria_n but_o timagenes_n who_o exact_o know_v all_o the_o country_n with_o two_o thousand_o palmyrenian_o get_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n unknown_a to_o the_o egyptian_n and_o fall_v upon_o they_o unexpected_o cut_v they_o all_o off_o which_o when_o their_o general_n see_v he_o not_o willing_a to_o outlive_v his_o honour_n fall_v on_o his_o own_o sword_n chap._n xxii_o egyt_n be_v thus_o reduce_v under_o the_o power_n of_o zenobia_n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o barbarian_n who_o outlive_v the_o battle_n fight_v between_o claudius_n and_o the_o goth_n at_o naissus_n secure_v themselves_o within_o a_o tabor_n of_o their_o wagon_n and_o so_o make_v their_o retreat_n a_o violent_a pestilence_n at_o the_o same_o time_n rage_v in_o both_o camp_n in_o which_o contagion_n claudius_n one_o of_o the_o most_o accomplish_v of_o the_o roman_a prince_n breathe_v his_o last_o to_o he_o quintillus_n his_o brother_n succeed_v but_o hear_v that_o aurelian_a be_v choose_v emperor_n he_o order_v his_o physician_n to_o cut_v his_o vein_n and_o so_o expire_v aurelian_a have_v baffle_v the_o scythian_n and_o subdue_v all_o the_o pretender_n to_o the_o government_n have_v build_v the_o wall_n of_o rome_n and_o settle_v the_o civil_a state_n of_o that_o city_n which_o take_v up_o the_o two_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n undertake_v a_o expedition_n into_o the_o east_n to_o reduce_v palmyra_n which_o at_o that_o time_n have_v bring_v under_o its_o jurisdiction_n all_o egypt_n and_o all_o the_o east_n home_n to_o ancyra_n the_o metropolis_n of_o galatia_n and_o will_v have_v extend_v its_o conquest_n over_o bythinia_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o chalcedon_n if_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v be_v make_v acquaint_v with_o the_o resolution_n of_o aurelian_a have_v not_o emancipate_v themselves_o from_o that_o yoke_n aurelian_a do_v not_o march_v direct_o into_o the_o east_n 216._o vopisc_n p._n 216._o but_o secure_v the_o province_n through_o which_o he_o go_v be_v force_v to_o fight_v many_o battle_n by_o the_o way_n before_o he_o reach_v syria_n for_o in_o illyricum_n and_o thrace_n he_o overthrow_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o goth_n and_o slay_v five_o thousand_o of_o they_o with_o their_o commander_n cannabas_n after_o which_o he_o march_v through_o byzantium_n into_o bythinia_n which_o have_v declare_v for_o his_o interest_n take_v tyana_n which_o be_v betray_v to_o he_o by_o heraclammon_n but_o spare_v the_o city_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o philosopher_n apollonius_n who_o be_v bear_v there_o while_o he_o order_v the_o traitor_n to_o be_v execute_v all_o the_o other_o city_n between_o tyana_n and_o antioch_n render_v themselves_o near_a antioch_n zenobia_n have_v fix_v her_o station_n in_o the_o head_n of_o a_o numerous_a army_n advantageous_o post_v but_o aurelian_a be_v a_o prince_n of_o undaunted_a courage_n a_o bold_a spirit_n and_o dextrous_a address_n and_o prepare_v himself_o as_o become_v a_o prudent_a general_n for_o a_o battle_n and_o observe_v that_o the_o strength_n of_o zenobia_n force_n consist_v in_o her_o horseman_n who_o be_v arm_v cap-a-pée_a and_o better_o understand_v horsemanship_n than_o the_o roman_a troop_n he_o post_v his_o foot_n beyond_o the_o river_n orontes_n in_o a_o separate_a body_n and_o command_v his_o horse_n not_o to_o engage_v the_o palmyrenian_o while_o their_o body_n be_v fresh_a and_o lusty_a but_o when_o they_o charge_v to_o retire_v and_o dissemble_v a_o flight_n till_o the_o extreme_a heat_n of_o the_o wether_n and_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o heavy_a arm_n have_v tire_v they_o and_o force_v they_o to_o desist_v from_o the_o pursuit_n the_o due_a observation_n of_o this_o order_n get_v the_o victory_n for_o when_o the_o roman_n by_o this_o manner_n of_o fight_v have_v satigue_v the_o palmyrenian_a troop_n and_o tire_v their_o horse_n than_o they_o charge_v they_o with_o the_o utmost_a vigour_n and_o as_o they_o fall_v from_o their_o horse_n or_o their_o horse_n sink_v under_o they_o tread_v they_o under_o their_o foot_n the_o slaughter_n be_v various_a some_o be_v slay_v with_o the_o sword_n other_o stifle_v with_o the_o fall_n of_o their_o own_o horse_n upon_o they_o a_o three_o sort_n trample_v to_o death_n by_o the_o roman_a troop_n while_o the_o scatter_a remainder_n of_o that_o great_a army_n flee_v to_o antioch_n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v say_v hier._n say_v chron._n ex_fw-la vers_fw-la hier._n eusebius_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o the_o 250th_o olympiad_n anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 273_o at_o south_n at_o apud_fw-la timas_n hier._n lege_fw-la apud_fw-la imas_fw-la a_o easy_a mistake_n of_o the_o copyist_n for_o aput_fw-la imas_fw-la apud_fw-la imas_fw-la in_o sextus_n rufus_n and_o eutropius_n in_o ptolemy_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o georgius_n syncellus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o st._n hier._n vit._n malchi_n imma_n
man_n of_o consular_a dignity_n 237._o guther_n de_fw-fr offic._n dom._n aug._n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o p._n 25_o 26._o &_o p._n 237._o there_o be_v two_o corrector_n of_o italy_n as_o the_o notitia_fw-la say_v the_o one_o of_o apulia_n and_o calabria_n the_o other_o of_o lucania_n and_o the_o brutii_n the_o corrector_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o emperor_n among_o the_o viri_fw-la clarissimi_fw-it and_o spectabiles_fw-la and_o set_v to_o stand_v on_o a_o level_n with_o the_o precedent_n of_o province_n corrector_n of_o lucania_n trebellius_n pollio_n say_v of_o all_o italy_n and_o settle_v zenobia_n at_o rome_n where_o she_o live_v in_o much_o plenty_n and_o honour_n to_o a_o great_a age_n maintain_v the_o port_n of_o a_o roman_a matron_n by_o the_o estate_n which_o the_o emperor_n possess_v she_o of_o in_o tivoli_n not_o far_o from_o the_o emperor_n adrian_n palace_n and_o the_o place_n which_o be_v call_v conchae_fw-la or_o concae_n and_o so_o well_o she_o behave_v herself_o in_o her_o new_a habitation_n that_o the_o place_n of_o her_o residence_n be_v call_v zenobia_n from_o the_o illustrious_a inhabitant_n the_o precise_a situation_n of_o this_o zenobia_n the_o villa_n of_o this_o excellent_a princess_n be_v to_o this_o day_n under_o dispute_n 5._o cons_n del_fw-it ré_fw-it de_fw-fr l'antichità _fw-la tiburtine_n par_fw-fr 2._o c._n 5._o fulvio_n cardoli_n say_v that_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o villa_n zenobia_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o that_o place_n that_o be_v call_v colle_n di_fw-it santo_n stephano_n which_o be_v situate_a near_o the_o palace_n of_o adrian_n but_o del_n ré_n aver_v that_o conchae_fw-la be_v near_o the_o lake_n della_n solforata_fw-la call_v the_o bath_n that_o the_o plain_n be_v to_o this_o day_n call_v the_o plain_a of_o conche_n and_o that_o the_o noble_a marble_n to_o be_v see_v there_o be_v a_o demonstration_n that_o he_o be_v not_o mistake_v in_o the_o situation_n the_o bath_n be_v build_v say_v the_o learned_a andrea_n bacci_fw-la by_o agrippa_n for_o the_o use_n of_o such_o as_o will_v frequent_v they_o that_o three_o hundred_o year_n after_o their_o first_o foundation_n the_o place_n be_v depute_v for_o the_o habitation_n of_o zenobia_n and_o that_o the_o cardinal_n hyppolito_n of_o ferrara_n find_v there_o a_o jewel_n of_o gold_n a_o antique_a vessel_n of_o silver_n and_o other_o ornament_n belong_v to_o the_o lady_n of_o those_o early_a time_n with_o a_o inscription_n that_o in_o that_o place_n one_o of_o the_o daughter_n of_o zenobia_n be_v bury_v from_o all_o which_o viz._n from_o the_o name_n conche_n still_o remain_v from_o the_o antique_a fabric_n stand_v thereabouts_o and_o from_o what_o be_v find_v there_o it_o may_v be_v gather_v that_o the_o villa_n zenobia_n can_v not_o be_v far_o off_o some_o author_n affirm_v that_o zenobia_n son_n herennianus_n and_o timolaus_n be_v slay_v by_o aurelian_n order_n greatness_n be_v seldom_o unaccompanied_a with_o jealousy_n and_o a_o rival_n prince_n never_o think_v his_o title_n secure_a till_o his_o competitor_n be_v in_o his_o grave_n but_o other_o say_v that_o they_o taste_v of_o the_o emperor_n clemency_n and_o die_v at_o rome_n natural_a death_n the_o very_a year_n in_o which_o they_o be_v bring_v thither_o ann._n chr._n 273_o 385._o pag._n 385._o say_v mezzobarba_n while_a vaballathus_n have_v be_v lead_v in_o triumph_n with_o his_o mother_n zenobia_n spend_v the_o remainder_n of_o his_o life_n in_o a_o private_a station_n but_o whence_o that_o learned_a man_n have_v these_o notice_n i_o profess_v i_o know_v not_o this_o we_o be_v sure_a of_o that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a her_o posterity_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o nobility_n of_o rome_n so_o say_v trebellius_n pollio_n express_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o valens_n the_o same_o family_n continue_v in_o great_a reputation_n say_v eutropius_n and_o st._n jerom_n witness_v the_o same_o thing_n for_o the_o time_n of_o honorius_n and_o cardinal_n baronius_n imagine_v that_o zenobius_n the_o bishop_n of_o florence_n st._n ambrose_n contemporary_a be_v one_o of_o the_o descendant_n of_o this_o famous_a empress_n but_o i_o suppose_v he_o build_v his_o conjecture_n on_o no_o other_o foundation_n but_o the_o likeness_n of_o the_o name_n such_o be_v the_o fate_n of_o this_o illustrious_a lady_n such_o the_o destiny_n of_o palmyra_n the_o metropolis_n of_o her_o empire_n under_o aurelian_a 53._o l._n 5._o p._n 53._o a_o catastrophe_n if_o we_o may_v credit_v the_o heathen_a historian_n zosimus_n who_o be_v a_o great_a bigot_n for_o paganism_n foretell_v by_o oracle_n append_v vid._n append_v and_o confirm_v by_o more_o than_o one_o sad_a omen_n which_o determine_v the_o period_n of_o that_o short-lived_a empire_n chap._n xxxi_o aurelian_a have_v thus_o subdue_v all_o his_o adversary_n etc._n aurel._n vit._n etc._n etc._n and_o establish_v his_o own_o and_o the_o empire_n quiet_v live_v after_o this_o in_o a_o extraordinary_a pomp_n and_o splendour_n he_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n who_o habit_v himself_o in_o cloth_n of_o gold_n the_o first_o who_o wear_v gem_n on_o his_o clothes_n and_o in_o his_o shoe_n and_o put_v on_o a_o diadem_n the_o coin_n in_o oeselius_n describe_v he_o encircle_v with_o a_o diadem_n different_a from_o and_o more_o rich_a than_o those_o of_o his_o predecessor_n he_o value_v himself_o as_o the_o recoverer_n of_o the_o empire_n both_o in_o the_o east_n and_o west_n as_o the_o restorer_n of_o the_o world_n to_o its_o desire_a peace_n and_o tranquillity_n and_o as_o one_o who_o be_v bear_v a_o god_n 407._o deus_fw-mi &_o dominus_fw-la natus_fw-la on_o the_o reverse_n of_o one_o of_o his_o coin_n in_o mezzobarba_n p._n 407._o and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o universe_n he_o be_v undoubted_o a_o eminent_a prince_n though_o bear_v of_o mean_a parent_n comparable_a to_o the_o alexander_n and_o the_o julius_n caesar_n of_o former_a age_n if_o he_o have_v not_o sully_v the_o lustre_n of_o his_o virtue_n by_o his_o excessive_a cruelty_n of_o which_o the_o carnage_n at_o the_o sack_n of_o palmyra_n be_v a_o severe_a instance_n and_o so_o valuable_a do_v he_o account_v that_o victory_n that_o to_o preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o it_o according_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o roraan_n emperor_n he_o add_v to_o his_o imperial_a title_n among_o many_o other_o that_o of_o the_o palmyrenian_a as_o appear_v by_o a_o old_a inscription_n consecrate_v to_o his_o honour_n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n in_o 274._o in_o thesaur_n p._n 274._o goltzius_n i._n e._n the_o last_o say_v petavius_n and_o tristan_n though_o the_o old_a ibid._n old_a ibid._n coin_n and_o their_o authority_n be_v to_o i_o unquestionable_a express_o mention_v the_o six_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o with_o they_o agree_v the_o 637._o the_o pag._n 637._o chronicon_fw-la common_o call_v the_o alexandrian_a which_o be_v worth_a the_o preserve_n because_o in_o very_a few_o inscription_n the_o mention_n of_o palmyra_n occur_v magno_fw-la augusto_fw-la principi_fw-la max._n imp._n fortissimo_fw-la conservatori_fw-la orbis_fw-la l._n domitio_n aureliano_n p._n f._n pont_n max._n trib_o pot_n v._o p._n p._n cos._n iii_o procos_fw-la goth_z max._n palmyr_n max._n gerard_n max._n ordo_fw-la brixianorum_n augustus_n brixianorum_n or_o to_o the_o great_a augustus_n to_o the_o great_a and_o august_n the_o most_o illustrious_a of_o prince_n the_o brave_a of_o emperor_n the_o preserver_n of_o the_o world_n lucius_n domitius_n aurelianus_n pious_a and_o happy_a the_o chief_a priest_n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o his_o tribunitian_a power_n the_o father_n of_o his_o country_n consul_n the_o three_o time_n proconsul_n the_o most_o glorious_a conqueror_n of_o the_o goth_n the_o palmyrenian_o and_o german_n the_o brescian_o dedicate_v this_o inscription_n his_o cruelty_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o death_n for_o his_o secretary_n eros_n or_o mnestheus_n as_o vopiscus_n call_v he_o have_v be_v threaten_v by_o aurelian_a and_o fear_v his_o fierce_a temper_n think_v it_o adviseable_a to_o prevent_v his_o own_o death_n by_o imbrue_v his_o hand_n in_o the_o blood_n of_o his_o master_n who_o by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o accomplice_n in_o the_o treason_n and_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o mucapore_n he_o slay_v as_o he_o be_v take_v the_o air_n attend_v with_o but_o a_o thin_a guard_n while_o the_o camp_n lie_v at_o the_o new_a castle_n coenophrium_n a_o mansion_n between_o heraclea_n and_o byzantium_n in_o the_o road_n towards_o persia_n against_o which_o aurelian_a be_v march_v his_o army_n 79._o cuspin_n caes_n p._n 79._o to_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o that_o nation_n for_o assist_v zenobia_n in_o the_o former_a war_n against_o the_o roman_n thus_o aurelian_a make_v his_o exit_fw-la in_o the_o 637._o the_o chron._n alex._n p._n 637._o seventy_o five_o year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o after_o his_o death_n be_v honour_v as_o the_o more_o deserve_a prince_n usual_o be_v
with_o a_o deification_n as_o both_o the_o historian_n and_o the_o coin_n declare_v chap._n xxxii_o but_o though_o palmyra_n be_v thus_o ruin_v by_o the_o command_v of_o aurelian_a i_o can_v think_v it_o be_v whole_o raze_v it_o not_o be_v consonant_n to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o that_o august_n government_n to_o slight_v so_o strong_a a_o garrison_n upon_o the_o border_n for_o this_o will_v have_v be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o invite_v the_o persian_n to_o a_o new_a invasion_n but_o that_o the_o emperor_n who_o give_v a_o particular_a order_n to_o rebuild_v beautify_v and_o endow_v the_o noble_a temple_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o have_v be_v plunder_v and_o destroy_v by_o the_o insolent_a soldier_n do_v also_o take_v care_n that_o the_o city_n shall_v be_v put_v in_o a_o posture_n of_o defence_n so_o as_o it_o may_v obstruct_v the_o eruption_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o that_o to_o that_o end_n he_o constitute_v cerronius_n bassus_n the_o governor_n of_o that_o province_n though_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o lose_v the_o privilege_n of_o a_o roman_a colony_n of_o a_o metropolis_n and_o in_o all_o probability_n of_o a_o free_a city_n and_o be_v only_o leave_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o garrison_n or_o praesidium_n for_o as_o it_o be_v usual_a to_o advance_v a_o praesidium_n or_o fort_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o city_n as_o bosra_n in_o arabia_n be_v promote_v by_o the_o emperor_n severus_n so_o on_o the_o contrary_a a_o city_n often_o lose_v its_o franchise_n when_o it_o turn_v rebel_n to_o the_o emperor_n in_o this_o condition_n i_o suppose_v it_o to_o have_v be_v when_o dioclesian_n and_o maximinian_n wear_v the_o imperial_a purple_n hierocles_n at_o that_o time_n be_v the_o praefect_n of_o the_o province_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o only_a latin_a inscription_n that_o have_v be_v as_o yet_o find_v at_o palmyra_n the_o pillar_n be_v erect_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o abovenamed_a emperor_n append_v vid._n append_v and_o of_o constantius_n and_o galerius_n maximianus_n the_o caesar_n who_o have_v most_o happy_o found_v castra_n now_o that_o we_o may_v know_v when_o castra_n be_v found_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n at_o that_o time_n dioclesian_n have_v be_v oppose_v by_o many_o competitor_n be_v particular_o rival_v by_o achilleus_n in_o egypt_n chron._n eutrop._n brev_n idat._v chron._n against_o he_o therefore_o he_o march_v in_o person_n besiege_v he_o in_o alexandria_n and_o at_o last_o slay_v he_o after_o this_o he_o go_v into_o mesopotamia_n and_o there_o make_v a_o halt_n send_v galerius_n ann._n chr._n 296_o against_o narses_n king_n of_o persia_n galerius_n rash_o engage_v the_o persian_n between_o callinicus_n and_o carrae_n with_o a_o very_a small_a force_n be_v rout_v and_o beat_v back_o to_o the_o camp_n of_o dioclesian_n who_o when_o he_o meet_v he_o treat_v he_o with_o so_o much_o scorn_n that_o he_o make_v he_o run_v in_o his_o purple_a robe_n some_o mile_n by_o his_o chariot-side_n like_o a_o footman_n before_o he_o vouchsafe_v to_o speak_v to_o he_o but_o in_o a_o little_a time_n after_o this_o ann._n chr._n 297_o upon_o galerius_n his_o important_a solicitation_n he_o furnish_v he_o with_o recruit_n from_o illyricum_n and_o maesia_n and_o command_v he_o to_o retrieve_v the_o honour_n he_o have_v lose_v in_o the_o first_o engagement_n and_o according_o he_o behave_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o bravery_n in_o the_o second_o battle_n in_o which_o with_o 25000_o man_n he_o break_v into_o the_o enemy_n camp_n that_o he_o rout_v the_o persian_n beat_v they_o out_o of_o armenia_n major_n where_o they_o have_v post_v themselves_o take_v the_o tent_n and_o baggage_n of_o narses_n and_o a_o great_a booty_n make_v his_o wife_n his_o sister_n and_o child_n his_o daughter_n say_v rufus_n festus_n with_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o persian_a nobility_n prisoner_n drive_v the_o king_n to_o fly_v for_o shelter_n to_o the_o remote_a solitude_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o acquit_v the_o roman_n from_o the_o ignominy_n of_o the_o captivity_n of_o valerian_n narses_n be_v reduce_v to_o so_o great_a extremity_n by_o this_o last_o blow_n 26._o p._n patric_n excerpt_v p._n 26._o that_o have_v almost_o determine_v the_o period_n of_o his_o empire_n choose_v appharban_n one_o of_o the_o most_o trusty_a and_o most_o belove_a of_o his_o courtier_n his_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la as_o the_o historian_n use_v the_o style_n of_o his_o own_o country_n call_v he_o his_o chief_a minister_n a_o man_n of_o address_n and_o happy_a application_n to_o be_v his_o ambassador_n to_o galerius_n who_o have_v obtain_v leave_n to_o deliver_v his_o message_n thus_o accost_v this_o victorious_a prince_n that_o all_o mankind_n know_v that_o the_o two_o empire_n of_o rome_n and_o persia_n be_v two_o great_a luminary_n which_o like_o the_o two_o eye_n in_o the_o body_n be_v to_o receive_v lustre_n beauty_n and_o help_v one_o from_o the_o other_o that_o it_o be_v unnatural_a when_o they_o endeavour_v to_o extinguish_v each_o other_o that_o to_o destroy_v and_o bring_v to_o desolation_n can_v not_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o illustrious_a achievement_n but_o must_v be_v account_v a_o effect_n of_o madness_n and_o folly_n that_o only_o mean_a spirit_n delight_v in_o the_o ruin_n of_o their_o enemy_n that_o narseus_n be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v a_o weak_a prince_n because_o he_o be_v unfortunate_a but_o that_o galerius_n be_v the_o great_a of_o monarch_n the_o conquest_n of_o narseus_n who_o be_v in_o no_o one_o noble_a qualification_n inferior_a to_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n be_v referve_v by_o the_o destiny_n for_o he_o and_o that_o he_o further_o have_v it_o in_o his_o commission_n to_o assure_v he_o that_o though_o his_o master_n have_v a_o just_a title_n to_o his_o dominion_n yet_o he_o throw_v himself_o upon_o the_o mercy_n and_o clemency_n of_o the_o roman_n that_o he_o will_v not_o offer_v any_o term_n to_o galerius_n but_o will_v be_v content_a with_o whatever_o article_n he_o will_v please_v to_o allow_v he_o desire_v he_o to_o return_v he_o his_o wife_n and_o his_o child_n that_o this_o humanity_n will_v entitle_v he_o to_o a_o noble_a conquest_n than_o his_o victorious_a arm_n and_o that_o his_o generous_a usage_n of_o his_o family_n already_o have_v be_v such_o that_o he_o profess_v his_o inability_n to_o pay_v he_o his_o acknowledgement_n as_o he_o deserve_v for_o the_o king_n wife_n and_o child_n have_v be_v treat_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o handsome_a usage_n and_o the_o nobility_n who_o have_v be_v make_v prisoner_n of_o war_n except_o their_o restraint_n find_v no_o difference_n between_o their_o captivity_n and_o freedom_n between_o the_o enemy_n camp_n and_o their_o own_o palace_n that_o not_o only_o not_o insult_v be_v make_v on_o their_o person_n no_o injury_n offer_v they_o but_o their_o entertainment_n be_v liberal_a and_o suit_v to_o their_o quality_n to_o this_o the_o persian_a ambassador_n subjoin_v that_o the_o state_n of_o mankind_n be_v very_o mutable_a and_o subject_a to_o great_a alteration_n upon_o this_o galerius_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o a_o heat_n and_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o well_o do_v of_o the_o persian_n to_o desire_v their_o adversary_n to_o consider_v the_o instabilty_a of_o humane_a affair_n because_o whenever_o they_o be_v bless_v with_o success_n themselves_o be_v the_o most_o insolent_a of_o conqueror_n and_o add_v new_a affliction_n by_o their_o opprobrious_a usage_n to_o those_o who_o who_o be_v before_o most_o heavy_o oppress_v put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o their_o inhuman_a carriage_n towards_o the_o unfortunate_a emperor_n valerian_n to_o who_o they_o show_v neither_o justice_n nor_o moderation_n for_o after_o you_o have_v circumvent_v he_o and_o make_v he_o your_o prisoner_n you_o keep_v he_o in_o chain_n till_o he_o have_v languish_v out_o many_o year_n in_o durance_n and_o without_o any_o regard_n to_o his_o extreme_a age_n or_o his_o sacred_a character_n you_o use_v he_o with_o scorn_n and_o at_o last_o put_v he_o to_o a_o cruel_a and_o dishonourable_a death_n and_o whereas_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o most_o violent_a and_o wicked_a man_n use_v to_o be_v appease_v when_o their_o adversary_n be_v dead_a your_o malice_n outlive_v the_o object_n of_o it_o and_o though_o his_o body_n be_v mortal_a you_o resolve_v to_o treat_v it_o with_o a_o tyranny_n that_o endeavour_v to_o make_v itself_o immortal_a for_o have_v flay_v that_o great_a prince_n alive_a you_o salt_v and_o preserve_v his_o skin_n as_o a_o last_a memorial_n of_o your_o treachery_n and_o insatiable_a cruelty_n this_o last_o thing_n he_o assure_v the_o ambassador_n he_o mention_v not_o that_o he_o resolve_v to_o follow_v so_o ignominious_a a_o precedent_n but_o to_o convince_v the_o persian_n that_o they_o can_v not_o have_v any_o pretension_n to_o that_o humane_a usage_n which_o they_o petition_v
be_v only_o a_o cover_n for_o notorious_a debauchery_n resolve_v to_o destroy_v all_o those_o place_n that_o be_v destine_v to_o the_o gratification_n of_o the_o flesh_n particular_o the_o famous_a temple_n of_o venus_n in_o phoenicia_n that_o on_o one_o part_n of_o the_o mount_n libanus_n near_o the_o top_n of_o it_o in_o aphaca_n a_o grove_n and_o temple_n have_v be_v consecrate_v to_o venus_n not_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o city_n or_o in_o the_o highway_n where_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o heathen_n prompt_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o build_v their_o temple_n but_o in_o a_o retire_a place_n remote_a from_o all_o town_n and_o public_a road_n where_o a_o school_n of_o lewdness_n be_v erect_v where_o effeminate_a man_n prostitute_v themselves_o to_o unnatural_a lust_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o daemon_n and_o the_o female_a sex_n lay_v aside_o all_o regard_n to_o modesty_n and_o religion_n devote_a themselves_o to_o gratify_v the_o irregular_a desire_n of_o all_o pretender_n they_o live_v without_o control_v or_o observation_n because_o no_o virtuous_a person_n dare_v approach_v the_o place_n till_o that_o illustrious_a prince_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o demolish_v the_o temple_n and_o so_o put_v a_o period_n to_o those_o abominable_a practice_n give_v the_o pagan_a inhabitant_n true_a notion_n of_o religion_n and_o chastity_n this_o say_v eusebius_n be_v the_o fate_n of_o that_o infamous_a temple_n but_o see_v the_o malice_n and_o disingenuity_n of_o a_o zealous_a heathen_a zosimus_n affirm_v that_o a_o miraculous_a fire_n hover_v over_o the_o place_n in_o his_o time_n and_o damascius_n tell_v strange_a story_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n isidor_n vit._n isidor_n in_o his_o day_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o flame_n the_o baetuli_n that_o frequent_o appear_v about_o mount_n libanus_n that_o the_o worship_n at_o aphaca_n be_v in_o use_n before_o marcus_n antoninus_n reign_n the_o palmyrene_n inscription_n demonstrate_v sup_n zosim_fw-la ubi_fw-la sup_n the_o solemn_a meeting_n there_o be_v annual_a the_o practice_n most_o execrable_a lust_n and_o luxury_n make_v a_o great_a figure_n in_o all_o their_o pretend_a religious_a ceremony_n especial_o in_o that_o country_n lucian_n himself_o aver_v that_o at_o byblus_n ult_n de_fw-fr syr._n p._n 658._o &_o ult_n a_o very_a little_a way_n from_o nacle_n the_o woman_n who_o refuse_v to_o cut_v their_o hair_n in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o solemn_a mourn_v for_o the_o death_n of_o adonis_n be_v oblige_v for_o a_o whole_a day_n to_o prostitute_v themselves_o to_o all_o stranger_n and_o whatever_o they_o get_v be_v to_o be_v spend_v in_o a_o sacrifice_n to_o venus_n aphaca_n be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n say_v zosimus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o eusebius_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n there_o be_v many_o city_n of_o that_o denomination_n in_o syria_n hebr._n euseb_n de_fw-fr loc_fw-fr hebr._n one_o belong_v to_o the_o tribe_n of_o juda_n another_o to_o the_o tribe_n of_o asher_n a_o three_o in_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o amorites_n a_o four_o a_o city_n of_o syria_n but_o other_o with_o great_a probability_n that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n be_v nacle_n and_o of_o the_o well_o aphaca_n so_o say_v suidas_n express_o 〈◊〉_d v._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o v._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d upon_o the_o authority_n of_o christodorus_n who_o write_v the_o history_n of_o nacle_n or_o naclis_n a_o book_n which_o if_o extant_a will_v have_v much_o illustrate_v this_o part_n of_o our_o history_n that_o it_o stand_v near_o heliopolis_n and_o that_o the_o rite_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o print_a copy_n be_v there_o perform_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o lexicographer_n inform_v 〈◊〉_d etymol_n m._n v._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o it_o be_v a_o syriack_n word_n in_o the_o arabic_a it_n signify_v praeputium_fw-la or_o vinculum_fw-la and_o that_o if_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o render_v such_o a_o word_n into_o greek_a it_o signify_v 〈◊〉_d signify_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hence_o probable_o in_o hesychius_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d embrace_n venus_n in_o that_o place_n embrace_v her_o darling_n adonis_n and_o probable_o nacle_n have_v a_o like_a signification_n chap._n v._o a_o accounu_n of_o vaballathus_n have_v in_o the_o forego_n history_n aver_v that_o vaballathus_n be_v not_o the_o son_n of_o odenathus_n as_o the_o generality_n of_o writer_n have_v attest_v but_o the_o grandson_n of_o that_o heroic_a prince_n as_o mounseur_fw-fr tristan_n and_o f._n harduin_n have_v affirm_v i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o give_v my_o reason_n for_o my_o opinion_n the_o roman_a and_o greek_a historian_n of_o those_o time_n be_v either_o whole_o ignorant_a of_o he_o as_o i_o think_v trebellius_n pollio_n zosimus_n and_o other_o be_v or_o mistake_v in_o his_o pedigree_n as_o vopiscus_n who_o be_v the_o only_a author_n who_o mention_n he_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o odenathus_n have_v grandson_n before_o he_o assume_v the_o purple_a 88_o trans_fw-la p._n 88_o appear_v to_o i_o very_o plain_a from_o the_o palmyrene_n inscription_n where_o septimius_n odenathus_n the_o same_o i_o believe_v with_o the_o emperor_n of_o that_o name_n at_o that_o time_n a_o man_n of_o the_o illustrious_a senatorian_a order_n and_o dignity_n build_v a_o monument_n for_o himself_o his_o son_n and_o nephew_n or_o grandson_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o those_o nephew_n can_v not_o be_v the_o offspring_n of_o herennianus_n and_o timolaus_n the_o son_n of_o zenobia_n be_v to_o i_o undoubted_a because_o at_o their_o father_n death_n they_o be_v very_o young_a say_v the_o roman_a historian_n zenobia_n 180._o trebel_n pol._n p._n 180._o quòd_fw-la parvuli_fw-la essent_fw-la silij_fw-la ejus_fw-la qui_fw-la supererant_fw-la herennianus_n &_o timolaus_n ipsa_fw-la suscepit_fw-la imperium_fw-la and_o therefore_o may_v be_v suppose_v the_o son_n of_o herodes_n or_o herodianus_n who_o odenathus_n beget_v on_o a_o former_a wife_n and_o for_o these_o reason_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o inscription_n i_o be_o incline_v to_o deduce_v the_o line_n of_o that_o family_n after_o the_o follow_a manner_n nasorus_n vaballathus_n airanes_n septimius_n odenathus_n n._n his_o first_o wife_n athenaeus_n herodes_n septimius_n airanes_n hermias_n vaballathus_n septimia_n zenobia_n his_o second_o wife_n herenniaâ—â—â—_n timolaus_n daughter_n marry_v at_o rome_n to_o person_n of_o the_o senatorian_a dignity_n their_o child_n at_o rome_n a._n c._n 400._o i_o have_v be_v encourage_v to_o believe_v that_o odenathus_n in_o the_o inscription_n be_v the_o same_o person_n with_o the_o emperor_n of_o that_o name_n from_o his_o prae-nomen_a septimius_n which_o can_v just_o be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v use_v in_o the_o east_n before_o the_o first_o emperor_n of_o that_o name_n make_v his_o inroad_n into_o persia_n now_o septimius_n severus_n die_v anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 211_o before_o which_o time_n odenathus_n may_v well_o presume_a to_o have_v be_v bear_v be_v murder_v ann._n chr._n 26â…ž_n and_o i_o have_v give_v he_o a_o second_o son_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o inscription_n where_o septimius_n airanes_n 99_o pag._n 99_o a_o man_n of_o the_o consular_a dignity_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o son_n of_o odenathus_n the_o date_n of_o the_o ininscription_n confirm_v it_o viz._n a.c._n 253._o i_o have_v also_o adventure_v upon_o adjust_v the_o pedigree_n of_o his_o ancestor_n from_o the_o same_o inscription_n 88_o pag._n 88_o where_o septimius_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o airanes_n the_o grandson_n of_o vaballathus_n the_o great-grandson_n of_o nasorus_n according_a to_o the_o method_n of_o the_o arab_n who_o usual_o reckon_v their_o descent_n after_o that_o manner_n for_o i_o can_v think_v airanes_n to_o be_v the_o prae-nomen_a of_o vaballathus_n since_o all_o their_o forename_n be_v either_o roman_a or_o greek_a to_z neither_o of_o which_o language_n airanes_n belong_v i_o have_v also_o subscribe_v to_o the_o opinion_n of_o tristan_n and_o harduin_n that_o vaballathus_n be_v the_o son_n of_o herodes_n not_o only_o because_o herodes_n be_v in_o the_o coin_n represent_v with_o a_o beard_n which_o imply_v some_o year_n beyond_o youth_n while_o vaballathus_n have_v a_o very_a young_a face_n but_o because_o the_o coin_n declare_v he_o to_o have_v continue_a emperor_n after_o zenobia_n be_v conquer_v and_o i_o be_o so_o far_o from_o think_v that_o his_o mother-in-law_n hold_v the_o empire_n in_o his_o name_n that_o i_o believe_v she_o prosecute_v he_o as_o she_o do_v his_o father_n that_o she_o may_v enthrone_v she_o own_o child_n the_o subject_a it_o must_v be_v confess_v be_v much_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o for_o want_v of_o direction_n from_o the_o ancient_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v mistake_v but_o the_o lucky_a
dignity_n he_o be_v honour_v with_o a_o crown_n of_o gold_n statue_n and_o inscription_n to_o perpetuate_v his_o name_n and_o merit_n when_o a_o bath_n be_v build_v it_o be_v usual_a to_o give_v it_o a_o solemn_a dedication_n 7._o dedication_n 178._o 7._o so_o dioclesian_n and_o maximian_n constantius_n and_o galerius_n emperor_n with_o severus_n and_o maximian_n caesar_n consecrate_v the_o bath_n of_o dioclesian_n and_o probable_o for_o this_o reason_n do_v the_o historian_n aggravate_v the_o cruelty_n of_o caracallus_n 112._o lamprid._n p._n 111._o 112._o that_o he_o murder_v several_a people_n of_o all_o condition_n in_o the_o bath_n and_o some_o eminent_a person_n be_v depute_a curator_n to_o super-intend_a the_o building_n that_o it_o may_v not_o fall_v into_o ruin_n nor_o its_o revenue_n be_v alienate_v or_o employ_v to_o wrong_v use_n and_o such_o care_n be_v take_v that_o every_o thing_n shall_v be_v keep_v in_o due_a repair_n that_o though_o the_o revenue_n have_v be_v alienate_v for_o many_o age_n yet_o the_o very_a ruin_n of_o those_o public_a building_n at_o rome_n remain_v to_o this_o day_n very_o venerable_a 16._o at_o arsoffa_n in_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o noble_a church_n upon_o the_o chapiters_n of_o several_a marble_n pillar_n that_o support_v the_o body_n or_o nave_n of_o the_o church_n be_v inscribe_v the_o time_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o that_o sacred_a building_n which_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v erect_v when_o sergius_n be_v bishop_n of_o the_o place_n †_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d episcopo_fw-la sergio_n consanguineo_fw-la maronii_n chorepiscopi_fw-la whither_o maron_n or_o maronius_n in_o the_o inscription_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o founder_n of_o the_o sect_n of_o the_o maronites_n i_o can_v determine_v nor_o whither_o the_o church_n do_v belong_v to_o they_o but_o it_o seem_v probable_a both_o from_o the_o name_n and_o because_o the_o maronites_n chief_a residence_n ancient_o as_o now_o be_v about_o mount_n libanus_n and_o in_o the_o neighbour_a place_n towards_o the_o euphrates_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d leg._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d jovi_fw-la summo_fw-la maximo_fw-la &_o propitio_fw-la bolanus_n zenobii_n filius_fw-la airanis_n nepos_fw-la mocimi_fw-la pronepos_fw-la matthae_fw-la abnepos_fw-la curator_n octavus_fw-la electus_fw-la fontis_fw-la aphacitidis_fw-la sub_fw-la jaribolo_fw-it deo_fw-la aram_fw-la suis_fw-la sumptibus_fw-la posuit_fw-la anno_fw-la 474._o mensis_fw-la octobris_fw-la 20._o h.e._n christi_fw-la 162._o m._n aurelii_n antonini_n 2o._o i_o have_v make_v the_o emendation_n in_o the_o inscription_n which_o mr._n hallifax_v confesseshe_n be_v not_o overconfident_a thatit_fw-la be_v right_o take_v upon_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o ancient_a writer_n from_o who_o we_o have_v unquestionable_a evidence_n that_o the_o oracular_a fountain_n which_o the_o man_n of_o palmyra_n frequent_o consult_v be_v call_v aphaca_n while_o of_o the_o name_n ephca_n there_o be_v no_o footstep_n that_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o in_o antiquity_n etc._n p._n 267_o 268_o etc._n etc._n i_o have_v already_o in_o brief_a give_v the_o history_n of_o the_o fountain_n to_o which_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o add_v that_o the_o worship_n of_o venus_n in_o that_o place_n be_v very_o ancient_a 5_o soz._n eccl._n hist_o l._n 2._o c._n 5_o that_o the_o temple_n be_v very_o famous_a that_o it_o stand_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n adonis_n on_o the_o side_n of_o mount_n libanus_n and_o be_v of_o old_a very_o illustrious_a and_o much_o honour_v that_o upon_o certain_a day_n after_o the_o usual_a form_n of_o invocation_n a_o fire_n descend_v from_o the_o top_n of_o mount_n libanus_n like_o a_o star_n and_o after_o it_o have_v hover_v a_o while_n up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o air_n plunge_v itself_o at_o last_o into_o the_o river_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o star_n be_v urania_n by_o which_o name_n they_o call_v venus_n to_o which_o the_o historian_n add_v that_o the_o temple_n be_v utter_o destroy_v by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o great_a constantine_n 18._o hist_o eccl._n l._n 2._o c._n 18._o as_o eusebius_n aver_v and_o with_o they_o agree_v socrates_n but_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o worship_n and_o the_o apparition_n be_v continue_v if_o we_o may_v credit_v zosimus_n and_o damascius_n two_o bigoted_a zealot_n for_o paganism_n for_o zosimus_n in_o his_o time_n he_o live_v in_o the_o five_o century_n mention_n the_o descent_n of_o the_o star_n at_o a_o certain_a time_n of_o the_o year_n agreeable_a to_o what_o sozomen_n record_n and_o damascius_n who_o live_v about_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o zosimus_n vouch_v for_o the_o truth_n and_o frequency_n of_o those_o apparition_n in_o his_o time_n it_o be_v therefore_o very_o probable_a that_o the_o people_n of_o heliopolis_n as_o of_o emesa_n and_o other_o part_n of_o libanesia_n be_v warm_a favourer_n of_o the_o heathen_a rite_n will_v not_o easy_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v wean_v from_o their_o idolatry_n but_o repair_v their_o temple_n and_o adorn_v it_o though_o not_o with_o so_o great_a pomp_n and_o splendour_n for_o though_o sozomen_n say_v express_o that_o the_o temple_n of_o venus_n at_o heliopolis_n be_v ruin_v by_o constantine_n order_n yet_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o constantius_n reign_n it_o be_v very_o famous_a again_o say_v the_o 14._o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d §._o 17._o p._n 14._o old_a geographer_n set_v out_o by_o gothofred_n and_o worship_v with_o great_a ceremony_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o the_o country_n that_o venus_n dwell_v there_o and_o through_o her_o favour_n so_o order_v it_o that_o the_o woman_n of_o mount_n libanus_n be_v the_o fair_a of_o all_o the_o asiatic_n as_o they_o be_v to_o a_o proverb_n socrates_n say_v that_o they_o hold_v their_o woman_n in_o common_a and_o prostitute_v their_o daughter_n to_o their_o guest_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o under_o julian_n by_o who_o influence_n and_o assistance_n die_v paganism_n begin_v to_o recover_v some_o strength_n and_o vigour_n the_o temple_n also_o recover_v its_o lose_a reputation_n for_o it_o be_v pass_v all_o dispute_n that_o the_o temple_n at_o nacle_n be_v not_o utter_o destroy_v till_o the_o day_n of_o mahomet_n so_o say_v abulfarajus_fw-la 90._o pococ_fw-la specim_fw-la hist_o ar._n p._n 5._o v._n not_o p._n 90._o for_o when_o he_o reckon_v up_o the_o several_a idol_n of_o the_o old_a gentile_a arab_n which_o they_o worship_v before_o that_o imposter_n appear_v in_o the_o world_n he_o say_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o thakif_n worship_v a_o little_a temple_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o nachla_n which_o be_v call_v allat_n or_o alilat_n i._n e._n the_o moon_n or_o venus_n as_o the_o arab_n call_v she_o and_o abulfeda_n aver_v that_o the_o idol_n be_v destroy_v and_o ruin_v by_o the_o command_n of_o mahomet_n in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o the_o hegira_n i._n e._n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 631._o near_o to_o the_o temple_n of_o venus_n at_o nacle_n be_v the_o well_o aphaca_n situate_a so_o the_o castalian_a fountain_n at_o delphi_n stand_v near_o the_o temple_n of_o apollo_n 100_o v._o marm._n ox._n p._n 100_o and_o another_o oracular_a spring_n of_o that_o name_n in_o daphne_n the_o suburb_n of_o antioch_n rise_v near_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o same_o god_n which_o from_o the_o time_n of_o seleucus_n who_o build_v both_o the_o city_n and_o the_o temple_n be_v very_o famous_a till_o the_o emperor_n adrian_n fill_v the_o well_o with_o stone_n and_o stop_v its_o current_n julian_n open_v it_o again_o but_o in_o a_o little_a time_n both_o fountain_n and_o temple_n be_v consume_v by_o lightning_n from_o heaven_n how_o those_o fountain_n give_v their_o prophetic_a answer_n the_o ancient_a writer_n be_v not_o agree_v some_o say_v the_o enquirer_n write_v his_o question_n on_o a_o lawrel-leaf_n and_o throw_v it_o into_o the_o fountain_n in_o which_o when_o he_o take_v it_o out_o he_o find_v his_o fate_n write_v other_o that_o by_o the_o different_a noise_n of_o the_o water_n either_o he_o who_o consult_v the_o oracle_n or_o the_o priest_n depute_v to_o that_o office_n interpret_v the_o doom_n while_o a_o three_o sort_n affirm_v that_o the_o priest_n drink_v the_o water_n and_o have_v by_o that_o mean_v imbibe_v the_o daemon_n find_v himself_o fill_v with_o the_o spirit_n of_o prophecy_n and_o enable_v thereby_o to_o answer_v all_o question_n how_o the_o well_o aphaca_n give_v its_o response_n zosimus_n particular_o relate_v according_a to_o which_o method_n the_o famous_a stygian-water_n at_o bostra_n in_o arabia_n unriddle_v man_n destiny_n 242._o damase_v apud_fw-la phot._n cod_n 242._o which_o damascius_n describe_v as_o very_o terrible_a for_o if_o the_o daemon_n be_v please_v the_o light_a thing_n throw_v into_o it_o will_v immediate_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n but_o if_o the_o daemon_n be_v angry_a
the_o big_a and_o most_o ponderous_a thing_n swim_v on_o the_o top_n for_o a_o while_n and_o at_o last_o be_v throw_v out_o to_o the_o admiration_n of_o the_o bystander_n by_o this_o well_o the_o inhabitant_n use_v to_o swear_v but_o if_o any_o one_o have_v be_v so_o hardy_a as_o to_o perjure_v himself_o the_o water_n that_o he_o drink_v cause_v a_o dropsy_n in_o he_o within_o the_o year_n thus_o the_o water_n of_o the_o fountain_n 〈◊〉_d fountain_n philostr_n vit_fw-mi apoll._n l._n 1._o c._n 4._o am._n marcell_n l._n 23._o c._n 26._o arist_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d asbamiaeus_n near_o the_o temple_n of_o jupiter_n at_o tyana_n be_v in_o taste_n smooth_a and_o sweet_a to_o those_o who_o be_v honest_a and_o just_a but_o if_o any_o man_n happen_v to_o run_v the_o hazard_n when_o he_o intend_v to_o perjure_v himself_o it_o affect_v his_o eye_n his_o hand_n and_o his_o foot_n and_o break_v out_o upon_o he_o in_o sore_n and_o pustules_fw-la and_o great_a swell_n nor_o can_v he_o move_v from_o the_o well_o till_o he_o have_v confested_a himself_n forswear_v so_o that_o the_o water_n be_v ordeal_o like_o the_o water_n of_o jealousy_n among_o the_o jew_n which_o to_o the_o chaste_a give_v a_o conception_n but_o to_o the_o unjust_a and_o the_o violator_n of_o the_o marriage-vow_n cause_v the_o belly_n to_o swell_v and_o the_o thigh_n to_o rot_v of_o the_o like_a kind_n be_v the_o fountain_n in_o sicily_n call_v palici_n isigono_n arislot_n ubi_fw-la sup_n c._n 55._o sotion_n de_fw-fr flumin_fw-la ex_fw-la isigono_n by_o which_o the_o people_n of_o the_o island_n in_o case_n of_o the_o great_a moment_n use_v to_o swear_v he_o who_o take_v the_o oath_n write_v his_o deposition_n on_o a_o table_n which_o he_o throw_v into_o the_o water_n if_o he_o attest_v the_o truth_n the_o table_n swim_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n if_o he_o be_v perjure_v it_o sink_v and_o disappear_v and_o the_o evidence_n be_v in_o a_o burn_a heat_n of_o the_o fountain_n aphaca_n be_v bolanus_n one_o of_o the_o curator_n or_o overseer_n under_o the_o inspection_n of_o jaribolus_n the_o god_n who_o i_o suppose_v have_v here_o his_o oracle_n and_o give_v direction_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o officer_n belong_v to_o it_o as_o well_o as_o testimonial_n to_o those_o who_o have_v discharge_v their_o province_n with_o honour_n jaribolus_n be_v doubless_v one_o of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o that_o part_n of_o syria_n probable_o of_o the_o moon_n i._n e._n venus_n as_o alagbelus_n and_o malachbelus_n be_v assessor_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o signification_n of_o the_o name_n imply_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o the_o egyptian_n depute_a sigaleon_n to_o be_v the_o parhedrus_fw-la to_o sarapis_n the_o greek_n attis_n to_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o god_n erichthonius_n to_o minerva_n virbius_n to_o diana_n hygeia_n and_o telesphorus_n to_o esculapius_n tychon_n to_o the_o moon_n and_o to_o venus_n adonis_n and_o it_o be_v not_o the_o most_o improbable_a of_o conjecture_n that_o he_o who_o the_o greek_n call_v adonis_n the_o syrian_n may_v style_v jaribolus_n as_o well_o as_o the_o egyptian_n tammuz_n baal_n and_o adonai_n be_v both_o equivalent_a name_n of_o power_n and_o sovereignty_n and_o in_o after_o age_n when_o emperor_n and_o other_o be_v allow_v a_o solemn_a consecration_n they_o also_o be_v honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o collateral_a judge_n to_o jupiter_n who_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v in_o the_o esteem_n of_o the_o heathen_a world_n 38._o v._o salm._n in_o h.a._n scrip_n p._n 38._o the_o twelve_o great_a god_n for_o when_o alexander_n the_o great_a be_v to_o be_v deify_v he_o be_v call_v by_o demades_n the_o 13_o of_o that_o society_n and_o when_o alexander_n while_o alive_a be_v resolve_v to_o give_v his_o darling_n hephaestion_n a_o deification_n calumn_n lucian_n non_fw-la temer_n cred_a calumn_n the_o greek_n in_o vain-flattery_n and_o compliance_n sacrifice_v to_o he_o as_o a_o assessor_n of_o the_o god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o they_o entitle_v he_o to_o apparition_n to_o prophecy_n and_o dream_n say_v lucian_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n i_o suppose_v 7._o suppose_v h._n e._n â—_o 4._o c._n 7._o eusebius_n join_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d together_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o gnostic_n this_o pageantry_n of_o canonization_n be_v act_v over_o again_o by_o the_o emperor_n adrian_n to_o omit_v other_o instance_n when_o he_o deify_v his_o pathic_n antinous_n the_o greek_n of_o that_o age_n attribute_v to_o he_o such_o oracle_n as_o hadrian_n himself_o have_v compose_v say_v 7._o say_v p._n 7._o capitolinus_n to_o the_o memory_n of_o that_o catamite_n the_o emperor_n build_v a_o city_n in_o egypt_n call_v by_o his_o name_n antinoopolis_n there_o he_o bury_v he_o and_o there_o especial_o though_o the_o worship_n prevail_v elsewhere_o he_o appoint_v he_o a_o temple_n priest_n and_o prophet_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v 8._o say_v apud_fw-la euseb_n l._n 4._o c._n 8._o hegesippus_n of_o which_o number_n be_v m._n vlpius_n apollonius_n it_o 1._o it_o 86._o 1._o gruter_n and_o perhaps_o 1._o perhaps_o 326._o 1._o onias_n who_o style_v himself_o the_o highpriest_n and_o prophet_n in_o another_o inscription_n for_o that_o he_o be_v of_o egypt_n his_o name_n convince_v i_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o in_o egypt_n the_o most_o eminent_a priest_n be_v call_v the_o prophet_n say_v clemens_n of_o alexandria_n but_o probable_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o they_o all_o pretend_a to_o the_o spirit_n of_o prophecy_n especial_o where_o there_o be_v a_o oracle_n as_o there_o be_v at_o antinoopolis_n and_o the_o faculty_n of_o prediction_n descend_v often_o from_o father_n to_o son_n as_o well_o as_o the_o priesthood_n which_o among_o the_o greek_n as_o well_o as_o the_o jew_n be_v often_o fix_v to_o a_o family_n for_o which_o reason_n t._n porcius_n be_v style_v the_o son_n of_o proclus_n aelianus_n a_o most_o illustrious_a person_n and_o a_o prophet_n in_o a_o old_a 1._o old_a grut._n 458._o 1._o inscription_n for_o among_o the_o priest_n of_o isis_n and_o probable_o among_o those_o devote_a to_o any_o other_o deity_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v herodotus_n 1._o herodotus_n lib._n 2._o v._o heliodor_n l._n 1._o if_o the_o father_n happen_v to_o die_v the_o son_n succeed_v he_o the_o habit_n of_o these_o prophet_n say_v 5._o say_v lib._n 5._o herodian_a be_v a_o vest_n or_o cassock_n reach_v down_o to_o the_o foot_n with_o long_a sleeve_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o vest_n a_o stripe_n of_o purple_a their_o shoe_n be_v make_v of_o linen_n this_o say_v the_o historian_n be_v the_o habit_n of_o the_o priest_n of_o phoenicia_n and_o syria_n such_o a_o oracle_n as_o this_o i_o be_o incline_v to_o attribute_v to_o jaribolus_n either_o at_o nacle_n or_o at_o palmyra_n from_o whence_o the_o people_n derive_v their_o prediction_n of_o what_o be_v to_o come_v and_o their_o testimonial_n of_o what_o be_v pass_v and_o perhaps_o the_o oracle_n give_v its_o answer_n at_o the_o solemn_a meeting_n when_o great_a number_n of_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n come_v to_o the_o fountain_n for_o that_o there_o be_v such_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d convention_n at_o state_v time_n zosimus_n affirm_v express_o at_o which_o their_o game_n be_v celebrate_v as_o the_o agon_n gymnicus_fw-la call_v sub_fw-la call_v heges_fw-la ub_z sub_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v perform_v in_o honour_n of_o the_o darling_n of_o adrian_n there_o be_v particular_a officer_n depute_v to_o that_o service_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v the_o highpriest_n 3._o highpriest_n 318._o 3._o 330._o 3._o the_o archiereus_n or_o primus_fw-la sacerdos_n synhodi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o he_o be_v style_v in_o the_o inscription_n and_o under_o he_o the_o curator_n or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o which_o number_n bolanus_n be_v one_o at_o aphaca_n for_o that_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o well_o as_o eros_n and_o anteros_n be_v the_o name_n of_o two_o fountain_n at_o gadara_n asbamiaeus_n castalius_n 1._o 179._o 6._o v._o &_o 180._o 1._o etc._n etc._n elsewhere_o in_o a_o famous_a inscription_n in_o gruter_n the_o master_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o fons_n palatinus_n be_v reckon_v up_o of_o who_o some_o be_v first_o admit_v to_o the_o honour_n in_o that_o year_n when_o octavius_n lenas_n and_o m._n antonius_n rufinus_n be_v consul_n other_o have_v bear_v the_o office_n a_o second_o time_n some_o a_o three_o or_o four_o and_o they_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o inferior_a officer_n their_o ministri_fw-la of_o who_o also_o some_o have_v do_v the_o service_n a_o second_o other_o a_o three_o year_n in_o that_o marble_n the_o number_n of_o governor_n be_v eleven_o but_o
its_o the_o country_n be_v call_v palmifera_fw-la and_o the_o palmtree_n place_v common_o on_o the_o reverse_n of_o their_o coin_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o believe_v that_o the_o tree_n in_o the_o palmyrene_n marble_n that_o stand_v between_o alaghelus_n and_o malachbelus_n be_v not_o a_o pine_n as_o gruter_n and_o monsieur_n spon_o affirm_v but_o a_o palmtree_n ill_o grave_v palm-tree_n but_o be_v of_o the_o same_o use_v to_o the_o asiatic_n that_o the_o cocoa_n be_v to_o the_o indian_n if_o we_o may_v believe_v 746._o believe_v lib._n 16._o p._n 746._o strabo_n who_o affirm_v that_o the_o country_n about_o euphrates_n produce_v great_a quantity_n of_o barley_n but_o that_o the_o want_n of_o all_o other_o thing_n be_v supply_v by_o their_o palm-tree_n that_o that_o single_a tree_n afford_v the_o inhabitant_n both_o wine_n and_o vinegar_n honey_n and_o meal_n and_o out_o of_o it_o they_o weave_v their_o clothes_n the_o shell_n serve_v the_o smith_n for_o fire_n and_o when_o you_o have_v soak_v the_o shell_n in_o water_n you_o may_v feed_v your_o cattle_n your_o ox_n and_o sheep_n with_o they_o and_o it_o be_v report_v that_o there_o be_v a_o persic_a poem_n which_o enumerate_v three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o uses_n one_o for_o every_o day_n of_o the_o old_a year_n of_o the_o palmtree_n 778._o palmtree_n id._n p._n 778._o in_o some_o place_n of_o arabia_n they_o be_v perfume_v and_o those_o in_o sup_n in_o plut._n ubi_fw-la sup_n syria_n as_o they_o be_v most_o beautiful_a to_o the_o eye_n so_o they_o be_v of_o a_o most_o delicious_a taste_n to_o the_o palate_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o its_o pompous_a building_n yet_o stand_v erect_v before_o it_o become_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o eastern_a empire_n be_v a_o further_o and_o undeniable_a demonstration_n that_o notwithstanding_o its_o unhappy_a situation_n in_o the_o confine_n of_o two_o such_o potent_a and_o contentious_a neighbour_n as_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o parthian_n it_o be_v once_o a_o very_a flourish_a and_o wealthy_a place_n though_o now_o it_o look_v like_o the_o residence_n of_o beggary_n and_o famine_n chap._n iu._n the_o government_n of_o palmyra_n come_v next_o to_o be_v consider_v both_o in_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a affair_n and_o first_o in_o civil_a affair_n as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o solomon_n i_o question_v not_o but_o it_o be_v govern_v as_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o province_n be_v by_o such_o lieutenant_n as_o himself_o appoint_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o several_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d who_o 2._o who_o ant._n l._n 8._o c._n 2._o josephus_n mention_n under_o rehoboam_n i_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v it_o revolt_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o syria_n when_o rezin_n become_v king_n of_o damascus_n but_o whether_o it_o submit_v to_o the_o power_n of_o rezin_n or_o form_v itself_o into_o a_o commonwealth_n as_o it_o be_v afterward_o or_o what_o its_o government_n be_v till_o the_o day_n of_o augustus_n we_o have_v no_o record_n in_o his_o time_n probable_o it_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o prince_n or_o toparch_v almost_o every_o town_n in_o parthia_n and_o the_o neighbour_a syria_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o julius_n caesar_n or_o rather_o after_o the_o fatal_a overthrow_n of_o crassus_n 671._o appian_n l._n 5._o bell._n civil_a p._n 671._o be_v seize_v upon_o by_o some_o tyrant_n the_o parthian_n support_v port_v they_o in_o their_o usurpation_n have_v be_v invite_v by_o those_o roytelet_n to_o their_o assistance_n but_o suppose_v that_o it_o have_v fall_v under_o one_o of_o those_o petty_a prince_n in_o pliny_n time_n it_o recover_v its_o old_a form_n of_o government_n for_o he_o affirm_v that_o in_o his_o day_n palmyra_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d svi_fw-la juris_fw-la neither_o subject_n to_o the_o roman_n nor_o the_o parthian_n as_o f._n harduin_n well_o interpret_v the_o word_n privatâ_fw-la sort_n of_o the_o natural_a historian_n and_o aurel_n and_o vopisc_n aurel_n aurelian_a in_o his_o letter_n to_o zenobia_n when_o he_o require_v she_o to_o surrender_v herself_o promise_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n shall_v be_v govern_v by_o their_o own_o law_n and_o of_o this_o the_o inscription_n be_v a_o unquestionable_a evidence_n wherein_o 〈◊〉_d wherein_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o palmyra_n be_v frequent_o say_v to_o have_v erect_v monument_n to_o those_o illustrious_a person_n who_o have_v deserve_v well_o of_o the_o republic_n and_o septimius_n odaenathus_fw-la and_o septimius_n aerane_n his_o son_n be_v say_v to_o be_v man_n of_o the_o senatorian_a dignity_n and_o rupilius_n orodes_n both_o a_o senator_n and_o of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o antoninus_n caracalla_n it_o be_v a_o roman_a colony_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o coin_n but_o under_o odaenathus_fw-la and_o his_o son_n it_o become_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o oriental_a empire_n conquer_v all_o egypt_n and_o force_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n to_o acknowledge_v its_o jurisdiction_n be_v possess_v of_o all_o the_o east_n as_o far_o as_o ancyra_n and_o in_o a_o fair_a way_n to_o possess_v all_o bythynia_n as_o far_o as_o chalcedon_n have_v not_o the_o native_n take_v arm_n in_o behalf_n of_o aurelian_a but_o it_o be_v now_o under_o a_o arab_n prince_n nominate_v by_o and_o tributary_n to_o the_o ottoman_a port._n chap._n v._n the_o religion_n of_o palmyra_n when_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o king_n solomon_n be_v i_o question_v not_o jewish_n but_o how_o long_o they_o retain_v circumcision_n among_o they_o after_o god_n in_o his_o just_a judgement_n have_v confine_v rehoboam_n kingdom_n to_o narrow_a limit_n i_o know_v not_o this_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o very_o many_o of_o the_o proper_a name_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o after_o age_n be_v jewish_a and_o zenobia_n herself_o who_o by_o her_o name_n appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o syrian_a and_o probable_o of_o tadhmur_n for_o there_o her_o father_n live_v when_o she_o lose_v her_o empire_n though_o she_o derive_v herself_o original_o from_o cleopatra_n queen_n of_o egypt_n be_v a_o jewess_n and_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o unlikely_a that_o longinus_n in_o complaisance_n to_o the_o religion_n of_o his_o mistress_n in_o his_o admirable_a treatise_n of_o the_o sublime_a speak_v so_o honourable_o of_o moses_n and_o his_o write_n and_o if_o we_o may_v credit_v benjamin_n tudelensis_n even_o in_o his_o time_n there_o be_v two_o thousand_o profess_a jew_n inhabitant_n of_o that_o city_n in_o process_n of_o time_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o they_o blend_v the_o jewish_a rite_n with_o those_o of_o the_o gentile_n as_o the_o new_a inhabitant_n of_o samaria_n do_v after_o the_o native_n have_v be_v transport_v by_o shalmanezer_n till_o at_o last_o paganism_n prevail_v after_o christianity_n be_v plant_v in_o the_o world_n and_o st._n thaddeus_n have_v preach_v the_o gospel_n by_o our_o bless_a saviour_n own_o order_n at_o edessa_n i_o believe_v that_o holy_a religion_n soon_o spread_v itself_o into_o the_o neighbourhood_n even_o to_o tadhmur_v though_o paganism_n be_v not_o quite_o dispossess_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o inscription_n to_o their_o country_n god_n alagbelus_n and_o m._n malachbelus_n jaribolus_n venus_n aphacitis_n and_o other_o who_o all_o have_v at_o palmyra_n their_o temple_n priest_n and_o service_n it_o be_v very_o early_a a_o episcopal_a see_v if_o not_o a_o archiepiscopal_a because_o it_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o a_o country_n but_o in_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o ancient_a council_n or_o the_o notitiae_fw-la of_o the_o church_n we_o have_v very_o little_a or_o no_o mention_n of_o its_o prelate_n marinus_n bishop_n of_o palmyra_n be_v say_v to_o have_v subscribe_v the_o canon_n of_o the_o first_o general_n council_n at_o niece_n and_o in_o the_o six_o act_n of_o that_o at_o chalcedon_n john_n bishop_n of_o palmyra_n be_v absent_a make_v his_o subscription_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o damascus_n at_o which_o time_n as_o from_o its_o be_v ruin_v by_o aurelian_a it_o hold_v the_o rank_n of_o a_o poor_a bishopric_n and_o be_v under_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o damascus_n but_o in_o the_o notitia_fw-la collect_v by_o leo_n the_o wise_a edessa_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o phoenicia_n libanesia_n in_o the_o patriarchate_o of_o antioch_n who_o suffragans_fw-la be_v the_o bishop_n of_o laodicea_n palmyra_n etc._n etc._n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o in_o leo_n time_n ann._n dom._n 900._o it_o be_v still_o a_o bishopric_n and_o when_o it_o lose_v that_o honour_n i_o can_v determine_v in_o the_o roman_a martyrology_n of_o baronius_n on_o the_o 15_o of_o june_n be_v celebrate_v the_o memory_n of_o the_o saint_n lybia_n and_o leonis_fw-la who_o be_v sister_n and_o of_o eutropia_n a_o girl_n of_o twelve_o year_n