obvious to the sight d Fulk e Iste locus vult quâ—…d ventus sensibus deprehendi nequeat certus locus ubi ventus flarâ—… incipias desiâ—…at notari non possit vis enim ejus tantùm sentiatâ—… Havenreut * Psal. 104. 24. a Plin. Lib. 2. cap. 47. b Origan de effect cap. 5. c Ibid. d Lib. 2. cap. 22. The mariners reckon 32 windes f Orig. Ephes. lib. de effect cap. 6. a Windes blowing into the haven and famous citie of Panormus or Palermo in Sâ—…cilie b In a book called a generall description of the world c Origan Ephem de effect cap. 5. Their qualities according as they commonly blow Norths qualitie Souths qualitie Easts qualitie Why the East and North windes sometimes bring rain for a whole day West windes qualitie d Lib. 1. carm od 4. The effects of a long-continuing winde at certain seasons A signe of plague and earthquake a Lib. 2. cap. 48. Typhon * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quod est verberare 〈◊〉 Prester A conclusion repeating the sum ne of this dayes work a Aeneid lib. 1. Questions concerning the waters which are said to be gathered together Quest. 1. Which sheweth how the waters were gathered together * Ezek. 1. 16. * Job 38. 10. Quest. 2. Shewing how they were gathered to one place * Esay 40. 22. * Dr. Fulk in his Met. lib. 4. saith that some lakes are so great that they bear the names of seas among which he reckoneth this Caspian sea a As Duina major and Duina minor called also Onega Look into the maps of Russia or Moscovia b Viz. the Euxine Baltick and Scythian or Northern seas Quest. 3. Shewing whether the waters be higher then the earth c Herodot in â—…terpe in lib. sequent Plin. lib. 6. cap. 39. * Psal. 104. d Met. lib. 1. cap. 14. e De subtil lib. 3. pag. 123. Quest. 4. Shewing whether there be more water then earth * 2. Esdr. 6. 42. Quest. 5 Shewing upon what the earth is founded * Wisd. 11. 22. * Job 26. 7. Quest 6. Shewing why the sea is salt and rivers fresh i 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Arist. de Met. lib. 2. cap. 1. k Lyd. dâ—…â—…ig foâ—… cap. 8 9. l viae under the water The sea made salt by the substance of the ground that is my opinion Of rivers and from whence they proceed Arist. de Met. lib. 1. cap. 13. n Lib. 2. cap. 103. †Aëriall vapours are partly a cause of springs o Goclen Disput. Phys. cap. 39. ex Plat. in Phaed. * Plato did but expresse Moses meaning Gen. 7. 11. in other words How springs come to be fresh seeing the sea is salt p Putei prope mare falsi longiùs minùs procul nihil Ial Scal. exercitat 50. The benefit and use of waters Quest. 7. Wherein is shewed the cause of the ebbing and flowing of the sea q Zanch. Tom. 3. lib. 4 cap. 1. quest â—… thes 1. * Note that this is pertinent to the openest seas as the Atlantick and Southseas and especially between the Tropicks where is a constant Easterly breath caused by the superiour motions which draw together with them not onely the element of fire but of the aire and water also r De placiâ—… â—…los lib. 3. cap. 17. Dr. Fulk 〈◊〉 liâ—… 4. t Antiquarum lecti 〈◊〉 lib. 29. cap. â—… u Iuâ—… Mart. Greg. Naz. Aescâ—…ines orat contra â—…tes L. Valla Dialog de lib. arbitriâ—… c. x Livie saith that it is not seven times a day but â—…emere in modum venti nunc huc nunâ—… ilâ—…c rapitur lib. 8. dec 3. The earth hath no circular motion * Viz. chap. 4. sect 2. and chap. 5. sect 2. Paragraph 1. y Lâ—…sberg 〈◊〉 iâ—… 〈◊〉 terra diâ—…r pag. 7. * Wiâ—…d 11. 22. * Joâ—…h 10. 12 13. Esay 38. 8. z Motus terra is nothing but Germinatio terrâ—… Gen. 1. * Ecclus. 46. 4. * Bish. Hall * Revel 16. 5. This is the most probable cause why the Sea ebbs and flows z Sir Christopher Heydon in his defence of Judiciall Astron. chap. 21. pag. 432. a Idem pag 433. cap 21. Why all seas do not ebbe and flow Why fresh waters do not ebbe and flow Psal. 107. 23 24. Water used in stead of vineger Water used in stead of burnt wine Water which makes men drunk A water which is deadly to beasts but not to men A purging killing water A water which makes horses mad A cold burning water A water which will both rosâ—… and bake A river which breedeth flies A water which maketh oxen white Water which maketh sheep black or white Water which makes them red b Plin. lib. 31. cap 2. See also 〈◊〉 2 cap. 103. A water like to the former A water cold in the day and hot in the â—…ight A water turning wood into stone A river which rests every seventh day c In his 3 day A strange well in Idâ—…mea Poysoning waters d Plutarch See also Just. lib. 12. and Curt. lib. 10. A water which makes cattell give black milk Poysoning waters Water which makes men mâ—…d A water that spoils the memorie A water which procureth lust A water which causeth barren nesse and another which causeth the teeth to fall c. e For this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2 where 〈◊〉 you may 〈◊〉 of â—…nother that sharpeâ—…eth the senses Fountains of oyl Waters of a strange temper Of the fountain Dodone Waters which work miracles * In which he was deceived it was rather to trie their strength and make them hardie as Verstegan well declareth Restitâ—… cap. 2. pag. 45. f Dâ—… 〈◊〉 cap. 51 52. g Dâ—… 〈◊〉 3 day We ought to make the best uses of the strangest things i Hâ—…iditas non est â—…stimanda ex irrigatione sed ex propria deâ—…nitione quod scilic et difficulter alieno termino clâ—…uditur Iam videâ—…us â—…quam includi faciliùs certis limitibus quà m aâ—…rem ergo c. Quod autem aqua magis â—…ectat id fit propter crassiorem substantiam Cùm eâ—…im humiditas aqua in denâ—…ore materia hâ—…reat ideo est magìs unita proinde efficacioâ—… ad humectandâ—…m Aeris verò humiâ—…tas tam crâ—…ssam substantiam siâ—…ut â—…qua non habet propâ—…erea tantum madorem corporibus 〈◊〉 â—…equit quod quandoque exiccâ—…re videatur id non est per se sed per accidens 〈◊〉 per exhalationes c. k Efficiens est calor solis simul ignis subterraneus quibus suppeditant tres superiores planetae l Causa materialis est spiritus seu vapor in terrae visceribus conclusus exire contendens m Forma est ipsa concussio terrae agitatio exhalationum terrae inclusatum The cause of earthquakes n Origaâ—… de effect cap. 9. ex Holy c. The kindes of earthquakes n Plâ—…t 〈◊〉 Tiâ—… A digression touching the new found world The attendants of an earthquake Signes of an earthquake Effects of earthquakes p
SPECVLVM MUNDI OR A GLASSE REPRESENTING THE FACE OF THE WORLD SHEWING both that it did begin and must also end The manner How and time When being largely examined WHEREUNTO IS JOYNED an Hexameron or a serious discourse of the causes continuance and qualities of things in Nature occasioned as matter pertinent to the work done in the six dayes of the Worlds creation AUG in Ser. de Ascen Qui se dicit scire quod nescit temerarius est Qui se negat scire quod scit ingratus est ¶ Printed by the Printers to the Universitie of Cambridge 1635. TO THE MOST NOBLE AND ILLUSTRIOUS JAMES Duke of Lenox Earl of March Baron of Setrington Darnley Terbanten and Methven Lord great Chamberlain and Admirall of Scotland Knight of the most noble order of the Garter and one of his Majesties most honourable Privie-Councel in both Kingdomes May it please your Grace AFter I had brought this small portion of my intended labour to that unpolished perfection which now it is and loth to let it go abroad without a Mecoenas to protect it I could not on the sudden resolve either whom or where to make my choice For it is a tenet which may be easily granted that men of retired lives and small-grown fortunes are seldome known to many it being with them as with those in the dark who see and observe the passages to and fro of others in the light but are unseen themselves which condition sith it doth little lesse then jump with mine and reflect with an opposite rade upon me I could not I confesse at the first be setled untill my second thoughts recalled the happie memorie of your gracious name unto whom I could not but commit the patronage of this unworthy work both in regard that I was then a student in that house where and when your welcome presence made it glad as also if it be not presumption so to say in that I was directed by one and the self-same tutour with your gracious self But above all my especiall motive hereunto was the never doubting thought of your kinde good will to students and encouragement of those whose wishes are well devoted to the Muses Now then if it may please your Grace to make this book yours by protecting it from the detracting crew of Zoilus his companie I shall think my self alwayes too poore to expresse my thankfulnesse Let it be as the grapes of Babel who as the Jews have it in a certain Apologue sent upon a time to the vine-leaves of Judea desiring to be overshadowed by them for otherwise they should be consumed by the heat of the sunne and never suffered to grow up to maturitie The wings of your favour may be as those leaves to shelter my green and scarce grown grapes so shall I hope to see them thrive not as the camomill by being troden on nor as the palm by being suppressed for they be like to such a plant which needeth props and is cherished by the pearled distillations of crystall dew And as for your gracious self my wishes are that your honours and dignities may increase with your houres and let eternall glorie be attendant on your vertues to crown them with eternitie so shall you live not onely with saints above but with â—…en below and have the precious memorie of your renâ—…wned name honoured of those whose times are yet unborn and beings as yet farre from being Thus prayeth Your Graces most humbly devoted servant JOHN SVVAN To the Reader Gentle Reader I Present thee here with a book of no great volume yet stor'd with much varietie and seeing I am guiltie of my many weak infirmities and no few overfights I cannot but crave thy courteous acceptation for it is a granted Maxime that a stander by hath often better eyes then they who play the game Howbeit he were no man that could not erre no more then they whose rancor'd mouthes shall bite with scorn or vent the poison of a loath'd disdain In a word if thou expectest quaint language or fragrant flowers of flowing Rhetorick I am somewhat sorie my sad fate should prove so cruell as not to give way for satisfaction Beleeve it I could have wished a better stile and not been sorie to have soar'd aloft and yet again I must confesse that as eloquence was never any part of my essence so neither was my aim so much at that as to produce apt matter fitting the seriousnesse of the subject I took in hand And verily if in this my hopes fail me not I do not fear but my pains will be accepted for although I go not about to teach the learned because Humiles arbusta juvant yet the ignorant may be instructed in what before they knew not yea and the learned also may be occasioned to call again to minde something which for the present hath either slept or slipt their memories by reason of their better thoughts and deeper contemplations Be not therefore unjust judges in an harmlesse cause nor forward censurers churlishly to blast young springing blossomes in their tender bud but rather take in good part this from him who resteth as his own so also Yours in this or the like endeavour JOHN SWAN To his friend the Authour THou art the World and now methinks I see A world of goodnesse here distill'd from thee Distill'd in lines so sweetly I protest I thought thy book the crystall of thy breast Where live Idea's such as all shall passe When they endure onely in clearnesse glasse Yet now I 'le blame thee If thou would'st have had The world drawn right some line should have been bad THO. HARLESTON Coll. Pemb. WHen fresh Aurora first puts forth her head And calls bright Sol from out his Eastern bed She modestly doth blush her crimson die Makes red the verges of the dawning skie Fearing perhaps that Sols reflecting ray Procures too hot to some too cold a day So I with bashfull fear and trembling doubt This new-born book into the world send out Some sure t will please but never all did any I wish the All were few the Some were many But be they as they will 't is told me since That envie snarleth most at innocence And those who least know where to finde th' amisse Will soonest brag they could do more then this Let them go on they hurt not me nor mine Detracting harms reflect at home in fine J. S. A table of the contents in the severall Chapters Sections Paragraphs Articles and Questions which are contained in this book CHAP. I. THe first Chapter concerneth the worlds beginning and ending and is divided into three Sections Sect. 1. That the world began and must also end Sect. 2. Of the manner how the world must end Sect. 3. Of the sundry times which some have fancied out for the worlds ending CHAP. II. THe second Chapter concerneth the time of the yeare when the world began and it is divided into seven Sections Sect. 1. Of three opinions concerning
Yet it is not so farre forth to be understood as that in their substances they shall be quite burnt up but rather that they shall be purified in their vicious qualities which the vanitie of sinne hath laid upon the model of the whole world And this S. Paul points at when he saith that the creature it self shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious libertie of the sonnes of God For we know saith he that the whole creation groneth and travaileth in pain together untill now And again in the hundred and second Psalme where the Prophet saith that the heavens and the earth shall perish and wax old he sheweth that their perishing shall onely be a changing For as a vesture shalt thou change them and they shall be changed Whatsoever therefore is spoken of their consuming passing away and perishing is meant onely in respect of their corruptible qualities the substance still abiding and so shall the fire at the last day serve for a purging not for an utter consuming There shall indeed be nothing unchanged because all things shall be renewed and each thing brought into a perfect state Acts 3. 21. A new heaven and a new earth 2. Pet. 3. 21. Not new by creation but by commutation Non per interitum pristinorum sed commutationem in melius as saith S. Hierome Not by a destruction of the old but by a change into a better Which thing is yet further seen even in the little world Man who is the Epitome of the greater world it self For he in the substance of his bodie shall not be destroyed but changed and in stead of corruption shall put on incorruption as saith S. Paul beholding at the last day his Redeemer not with other saith Job but with these same eyes In like manner the greater world in stead of corruption shall I verily think put on incorruption and being purged by the fire shall be delivered into the glorious libertie of the sonnes of God It shall not be delivered onely in the libertie of the sonnes of God that is when they are delivered but it shall be delivered 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 into their libertie as it is Rom. 8. 21. If it were onely in their libertie or when they are delivered then in stead of a changing there might be a consuming which is in some sort a deliverie because although quite taken away there is then no longer a subjection unto vanitie but seeing it is into the libertie of the sonnes of God it shall like mans glorified bodie put on incorruption and so suo modo in its kinde be partaker of an incorruptible state But in this changing I think we may fitly exempt all such creatures which now serve onely for the necessitie of mans life as those which be for food clothing and the like because then at the end of the world I mean there shall be an end likewise of all such needs Yet there are those who comprehend the brute beasts also and other creatures having sense and life within the limits of this libertie but they do somewhat qualifie their meanings as thus They shall not be partakers of the glorie of the sonnes of God yet in their kinde they shall be fellows with them in that glorious state like as once they were in Paradise before man had fallen But whether I may embrace this opinion I know not and that in regard of the foresaid reason unto which others also assent saying Istas naturas rerum non mansuras in extremo die nisi aliquid opus habiturae sint Wherefore we may rather relie upon this without any such speciall respect unto those creatures namely that the worlds fabrick consisting of heaven and earth shall not be destroyed but renewed according to the qualities by the purging fire For the moon shall shine as the sunne and the light of the sunne shall be sevenfold as saith the Prophet Esay chap. 30. 26. which S. Hierome expoundeth thus viz. that the sunne and moon shall receive that admired augmentation of light as a reward of their labours Yea and Zachary also witnesseth that there shall be but one perpetuall day for there shall be so great light that there shall be no difference between day and night as some observe from thence Neither is it a marvel saith Chrysostome that the creatures should at that time be illustrated with so great splendour and light for kings upon the day when they inaugurate their sonnes are wont to provide not onely that they may come forth with all singular pomp and appearance but also that their servants may be well adorned Much more therefore may we think when Christ shall sit in glorious majestie upon his throne and the just who are the sonnes of God shall be admitted to their paternall heritage and kingdome that then God Almighty shall cause that all his creatures be decked with an extraordinary brightnesse beautie and lustre For although it be said that the moon and the sunne shall shine no more but rather that the Lord himself will be for an eternall light yet it meaneth not that those starres should perish but that the uncreated light shall be more glorious So that as now the greater light obscures the lesse in like manner it shall be then when we come into that citie which wanteth not the sunne or moon It is not said Solem lunam non habebit sed Non indigebit ut luceant in ea that the citie shall have no sunne and moon but that it shall not want them to shine in it silently declaring that then indeed shall be those luminaries yet they shall not then perform as now the same uses of light being subject to motion and an incessant wheeling up and down to cause a rising and setting yea and to distinguish one time and day from another For time is but as a space borrowed and set apart from eternitie which must at the last return to eternitie again This for the heavens And as for the earth our Saviour promiseth amongst other blessings a blessing to the meek saying that they shall inherit the earth which promise of his saith one we see is not performed in this world and therefore to be then expected when there is a new heaven and a new earth for the saints of God and when the whole creation which now groneth shall be delivered into the glorious libertie of the sonnes of God Thus some But in this new heaven and earth we must not expect any terrene pleasures as the carnall Jews do dream as the Turks beleeve or as that Heretick Cerinthus held and after him the Millenaries or Chiliasts because such pleasures are fading and corruptible joyes farre unfit for saints whose very bodies have put on incorruption We look therefore for new heavens and a new earth wherein dwelleth righteousnesse as saith S. Peter 2 Pet. 3. 13. and spirituall delight unto eternitie as
eyes can see Sect. 3. Of the offices given to the Sunne Moon and Starres in the day of their creation Paragr 1. Shewing that their first office is to shine upon the earth to rule over the day and night c. Artic. 1. Of light what it is and whether the Sunne be the onely fountain of light THe former part of my discourse hitherto in this dayes work was chiefly founded upon these words Let there be lights in the firmament of heaven and upon these And God made the starres also But now I come to speak of their offices The first whereof is that exquisite one above the rest I mean their bright and radiant shining by which the dismall clouds of foggie darknesse are daintily devoured and the sweet comelinesse of the worlds ornament made apparent For without light all things would appeare like the face of hell or horrour and each parcell of the worlds fabrick lie buried in black obscuritie dismall squalour Whereupon one speaketh worthily saying that amongst those qualities subject to sense there is none more fit to shew the due decorum and comely beauty of the worlds brave structure none more fit then light For where it spreads it self either above us or below us all things are then encompast with such a splendour as if a golden garment were dilated over them or curiously put upon them Let it not then be ashamed to shine shew it self to the praise of him who made it For Praise him sun and moon praise him oh ye stars and light was Davids song But to proceed Authours make a difference between Lux and Lumen It is called Lux as it is in the fountain that is in a bodie which is lucid of it self as in the sunne so saith Zanchius But it is Lumen as it is in some Medium that is in corpore diaphano as is the aire or water Lumen enim nihil aliud est quà m lux lucisve imago in corpore diaphano From whence may be gathered that that primarie light which we comprehend under the name of Lux is no other thing then the more noble part of that essence which is either in the sunne moon or starres and so far as a corporeall substance may be given to fire it may be also attributed to that which is properly called light being in and of those lamps of heaven which were made ex primava luce chiefly and so came to appeare of a fiery colour Whereupon Patricius writing against the Peripateticks saith Lux est essentia stellarum Nihil enim aliud flamma quà m lumen densius lumen non aliud quà m flamma rarior Calor quoque non aliud quà m ignis rarefactus atque diffusus ignis non aliud quà m calor densatus sive lux compacta Take therefore my meaning rightly lest I be supposed to be much mistaken And again concerning Radius which is a Beam or Ray it is no primarie light neither but rather as Patricius also writeth it is Fulgor à Luce exiliens in rectam acutam figuram seu in modum Pyramidis Coni promicans To which Scaliger is affirming saying Lux est alia in corpore lucido ab eo non exiens alia à corpore lucis exiens ut Lumen Radius And Zaharel also saith Lux alia est propriè dicta in astris ipsis alia à luce producta in perspicuo Whereupon I cannot but be perswaded that light in it self properly primarily taken must be an essentiall propertie as formerly I have related but to the aire or other things enlightned by it it is an accidentall quality approved of God as good both to himself the future creatures For although it be commonly said of compound things that they are such as we may distinguish of them in ipsam essentiam susceptricem in eam quae ipsi accidit qualitatem yet here the case proves otherwise because the sunne and starres have susceptam semel secúmque immixtam lucem And again as saith Theodoret Lucem quidem condidit ut voluit Quemadmodum verò firmamento aquas divisit ità lucem illam dividens ut voluit luminaria magna ac parva in coelo collocavit And as touching the brightnesse of the starres the sunne may well be called Oculus mundi The eye of the world For he is indeed the chief fountain from whence the whole world receiveth lustre shining alone and enlightning our whole hemisphere when all the other starres are hid From whence some Philosophers and Astronomers have been of opinion that the fixed starres shine not but with a borrowed light from the sunne Plutarch in his 2 book and 17 chap. of the opinions of Philosophers saith that Metrodorus and his disciples the Epicures have been of this minde But according to the mindes of the best authours and nearest equipage to truth the starres are called lights as well as the sunne and moon although there be a difference between them either of more or lesse For Paul distinguisheth between the starres and sunne non privatione lucis sed tantùm gradu And when God said Let there be lights in the firmament of heaven he made not the sunne alone but the sunne moon and starres the light in the starres being in very deed darkened by that in the sunne which doth but differ in degree from that in them Whereupon it is that the starres shew themselves by night onely when the sunne is hid or in some deep pit whither the sunne-beams cannot pierce If therefore we cannot see them Id non solis non stellarum culpâ fit sed oculorum nostrorum hic est defectus ob solaris enim luminis copiam ac vigorem debilitantur Also some adde their influences as that of the Little dogge the Plâ—…iadas and others being plain testimonies of their native light For if they had not their proper and pâ—…culiar light being fo farre distant from the inferiour bodies it is thought they could not alter them in such sort as they sometimes do and evermore the further they be from the sunne the better and brighter we see them And as for the diversitie of their influence the differing qualitie of the subject causeth this diversitie So that though this light for the first three dayes was but one in qualitie it came to have divers effects as soon as it was taken and bestowed upon the starres and lights And perhaps as there is in them the more of this fire the â—…otter is their qualitie but little fire and more water the moister and cooler and so also the more earthy substance the darker Neither do I think that we may altogether exempt the moon from her native light For although she shineth to us with a borrowed light yet it is no consequence to say she hath therefore no own proper light There is saith Goclenius a double light of the moon Proper and Strange The Proper is that which is Homogeneall to it self or
lux congenita a light begotten together with the moon and essentiall to it although it be but weak The other is that which it borroweth from the sunne as is seen in eclipses monethly revolutions For she is one while full another while hid one while horned another while half lightened which is but in respect of us who cannot see what light she borroweth but as she approacheth from the sunne for otherwise she is half lightened alwayes Or if you please consider it thus that as a well polished Mirrour transporteth the light of the fire or the sunne against a wall or a floore so the moon receiveth her light from the sunne and reflecteth it in the night upon the earth for the sunne being then absent gives an abundant and free leave to see it And again as in a Mirrour which hath behinde it his foil of lead scratched and torn a man may perceive certain spots So in the moon because her bodie is in some places rare and transparent and in other places massie thick and solid there appeare certain Maculae or blemishes for those places and parts are not of a fit temper to reflect the light of the sunne But if it be so in the moon why may not the other starres shine likewise with a borrowed light as well as she I answer Because we have not the like reasons to declare it Neither is it like saith Patricius that that unmeasurable companie of fixed starres in the highest part of heaven which is so much more noble then the place of the sunne by how much it comes nearer to the Heaven of heavens should shine but by the light of the sunne For neither in them nor in any other of the Planets doth any man see a waxing and waning of light nor yet are they ever eclipsed but shew alwayes of one and the same brightnesse and therefore it is not the same reason between the moon and them Perhaps if their bodies were composed in the same manner with the bodie of the moon or had the like proportions and temperaments that she hath it might be so but her lownesse shews her gravitie and her gravitie her soliditie and her soliditie shews not onely her own light to be weak through a want of that fierie matter or lux primaeva which is in the other starres in a differing degree but also her aptnesse for reflexion is declared to be such as she may well shine by a borrowed light Howbeit I do also think that the starres have aliquid lucis alienae which they receive from the sunne To which Patricius also assenteth as he is mentioned by Casman in the first part of his Astrologie saying Tribuit quidem omnibus sed lucere nequaquam facit Nam ipsa flammae sunt suâ essentiâ lux sunt non minùs suis viribus lucere possunt lucent Sed lumen suum eis sol addit lucémque eorum reddit lucidiorem Lucem ergò eis non indit sed insitam adauget meaning that the sunnes light inereaseth the light of the starres making it the brighter and the clearer which must be understood of them so long as they are at a convenient distance from the sunne For if they be too neare either the lesser light is obscured by the greater as is seen in the Planets being often hid by the beams of the sunne or else such a dark starre as Mercurie will with the losse of his light shew us his dark bodie which sometimes happeneth being then seen as a spot in the sunne For if you take Mercurie in his best hue he hath but a cloudie countenance and a leaden look which therefore argueth that he hath a thick bodie and little light of which I shall need to say no more Artic. 2. Of the twinkling of starres or vibration of their light THe twinkling of the starres is the vibration or trembling of their light Or rather thus It is when the light of any starre seemeth to tremble For indeed to speak properly the starres themselves do not twinkle as we think they do but either from the trembling of the eye or motion of the aire this appearance proceedeth For when the eye looks long at a sensible object whose brightnesse excelleth the sense it then beginneth to faint and being weak and wearie is possessed with a kinde of trembling and thereupon we think that the starre it self twinkleth Also the Optick Masters confesse and prove that the forms of the starres are comprehended of the sight reflectly and not rightly that is a right line drawn from the eye falleth not into the centre of the starre but into the form of it reflected and refracted in the aire to the sight Now it is manifest that as the aire hath one motion proper to it which is upwards so hath it another motion improper caused by the revolution of the heavens every 24 houres which draweth all the airie region about therewith by which means the apparent form of the starres is distracted seeming to cast forth sparkles called twinkling For if the bodie move wherein the form of the starre appeareth it must be so which we may well prove by a piece of silver in the bottome of a swift running brook or by the reflexion of the starres seen in the same for by the running of the water the reflected form is distracted and as it were broken and so it is likewise in the aire with the starres But may not this twinkling be seen in the Planets as well as in the other starres I answer that not alwayes yet sometimes it may and this is but when a watrie vapour is neare unto them which is carried and tossed of the windes with a various motion for then the forms of the Planets also being refracted in the said vapour appeare to the sight as if they twinkled Now this is most of all perceived in the East at the time of their rising whereupon it comes to passe that the common people have supposed they have sometimes seen the sunne dance and as it were hop up and down which why some have attributed it to such and such dayes is fabulous For this may be upon any day when the sunne meets with a fit portion of vapours at the time of his rising and the other Planets may also in some sort sometimes shew it when they have climbed to an indifferent height above the Horizon which because it is not ordinarie some have falsely supposed that the Planets twinkle not at all And again let this be remembred that if there be fit vapours rightly placed Mars and Venus twinkle more then Saturn Jupiter and Mercury but otherwise this appearance is neither in Mars nor Venus nor any of the rest Parag. 2. Of that other office which was given to the starres viz. that they should be for signes c. Artic. 1. That the starres are signes of future events and that by their naturall qualities they work upon the inferiour world and all the
a chaste fish between whom and the Sargon there is great enmitie 381 Cantharides what they are and how they be dangerous 425 Captivitie The fourth Age of the world from David to the captivitie 16 Carbuncle and the properties thereof 294 Carp described and his goodnesse 388 Carret roots and their qualitie together with the parsnep and turnep 263 Castor and Pollux See Helena Cat. Why the male-cat eateth up the young kitlings 464. A storie concerning the danger of cats ib. Cedar Some are perswaded there be cedars yet in mount Lebanon first planted by King Solomon 278 279 Celandine 261 Cerastes a kinde of Serpent 489 Chalk and the nature thereof 301 Chameleon described and why he changeth colour so often 493 Changing of qualities and not consuming of substance at the end of the world 5 Chaos and how we may consider of it 48 49 Chaps or gapings in the skie how they are caused 141 Charadrion a bird that cureth the Iaundise 416 417 Charms unlawfull 166 Chaste Rue makes men chaste and provokes women to lust 248 Chastitie Medicines to procure chastitie 269. 274. 293. Smaradge See more in Cantharus as also 295 Chevin and its vertues 388 Children See Parents Chiliasts expect terrene pleasures in the Resurrection as did also Cerinthus 8 Choler A medicine against it 256 Crystall what it is 296. 162 Christ. The fifth Age of the world from the captivitie to Christ 16. The last Age and times after Christ 17. An embleme of Christs curing us taken from the Charadrion 417 Christians wiser then Philosophers 4 Chrysolite and the vertues of it It is good against Melancholy 294 Cinnamon where and how it groweth 277 Cinoper and Vermilion 300 Cypresse tree 278 Circles about the Sunne Moon and starres Their causes 134. Their derivation ibid. Their significations 135 Clouds 143. Colours in the Clouds 130. 143. Their height 144. Why they hang in the Aire 145. Why red clouds are seen onely in the Morning and Evening 130. Why they be of differing colours 144. What they signifie ibid. Cloves how and where they grow 278 Clyster From whence men first learned to purge by Clyster 399 Coals or black pitchie earth how it is generated 301 302 Cock 410. Cock-fightings 411. The Lion daunted by the Cock ibid. Cocus a very strange tree in India 279 280. Comets what they are 98. Their colours 99. Their fashions ibid. Their strange effects 100. Why Warres Famines Deaths c. be the effects of Comets 103. How to guesse at the signification of Comets 105. Their severall ends 106. They be often above the Moon 80 81. 99. 115 116 Comfrey and the vertues of it 268 Conger and his goodnesse 387 Conie The Conie described 458 Copper 288. Copperas ibid. Corcuta a kinde of Hyaena 446 Corns How to cure them 270. As also how to take away Warts 244 Corrall and the properties thereof 296 297 Costivenesse and how to cure it 269 Covetousnesse and Covetous The covetous like to the Swam-fisk 373. Covetous rich men often slain by their heirs shewed by an embleme from the Torpedo 383. They often destroy one another shewed by an embleme taken from the Kite and Raven 394. They are many times lesse fruitfull in children then the poore 395. The Ferret is an embleme of their weeping and unwillingnesse to depart with their riches 459. A storie of an usurer dying ibid. 460. The folly of a covetous man is shewed by an embleme taken from the Ape 474 Cow Sea-cow and Calf 374 Crane 412. He teacheth Pastours Magistrates and Governours the dutie of their places ibid. Crocodile and his properties 371 Crow See Raven Sea-crow 414 Cuckoe and his qualities 404. Who are like unto the Cuckoe 405 406 Cucuios a creature whose wings shine like fire 419 D DAce or the Dare-fish 388 Daniel was learned in the learning of the Chaldeans 347 Darnell The vertues of red Darnell 264 Dart a kinde of Serpent 489 David The third Age of the World from Abraham to David 16 Day The naturall beginning of the Day from whence 358 359. Divers beginning of Dayes ibid. The kindes of Dayes 358. The intercourse between Day and Night 58 59 Death ought to be cheerfull 413. A sinner hath his eyes opened in Death shewed in an embleme taken from the Mole 462 Deere and their kindes 478 479 Dendritis a stone which being put under a tree keepeth the ax that cutteth it from dulling 298 Derogation No derogation to the perfection of things created although the Starres incline some men to ill 343 Devil He worketh many times in the Aire 153. His knowledge is more excellent then Mans knowledge and why ibid. Dew what it is and why it falleth but in the Morning and Evening 154. No Dew a signe of Rain and why 155. Dew hurteth Sheep ibid. What may hinder Dew from falling 156. Three kindes of Dew Common Sweet and Blasting Dew ibid. In those who are blessed like Iacob the dew of heaven goes before the fatnesse of the earth but in those who are blessed like Esau the earths fatnesse goes before the dew of heaven 475 Digression A digression touching the new-found World 232 233 Dill and the qualities thereof 249. An old custome concerning Dill 250 Diogenes mocketh Croesus amongst the dead 240 Dipsas a serpent so called 489 Dissembling and Dissemblers They be like unto the Crocodile 371. See more in Flattery as also pag. 455 Dittanie and the vertues of it 254 Dogs and their kindes 469. They have sometimes shewed extraordinarie love to their masters 470 471 Dolphin described he is very loving to man 379 Dormouse and the kindes 467 Dove or Pigeon described 408 Dragon The herb Dragon 262. A Meteor of the same name 93. A serpent so called 488. Dragons in Congo 492 Dromedarie what kinde of beast it is 445 Drowsinesse A medicine to cure it 245. 250. 256 Drunkard and Drunkennesse See Gluttonie How to make a Drunkard loath his liquour 404 E EAgle King of birds 390. The Poets feigne that she carrieth Jupiters armour 127. Where she buildeth her nest and how the young Eagles deal with a dead carcase 391. The Eagle is a pattern of domesticall discipline ibid. Seducing Hereticks like to the young Eagle ibid. See more 295 Earth The Earth made solid and conspicuous both at once 227. The Earth the Worlds centre 228. It signifieth a thing troden on ibid. The earth nothing in respect of the heavens 224. The earth hath no circular motion with a confutation of the contrary opinion 211 212. The true Motus terrae is Germinatio terrae 214. How it hath sometimes rained earth 151. Earth of Lemnos what it is 300. As also earth of Samos 301 Earthquakes and their causes 229 230. Signes of Plague Earthquake 185. 234. The kindes of Earthquakes 231. The attendants of Earthquakes or the Antecedentia 234. The effects of Earthquakes or the Consequentia 235 236 East-winde 183. Why it often bloweth up rain for a whole day See North. Ebbes See Sea Eeles how they
wings with an embleme concerning thriving taken from the flying and swimming of this fish 382 Hog The Sea-hog 372. Another kinde of Sea-hog described 378 Hony See Bees Hony-dew 157. At what time of the yeare Hony-dews are most common 158 Hore-hound and his properties 252 Hornet A strange fight between a Sparrow and an Hornet 424. The Badger an enemie to the Hornet 425 Horse The properties of the Horse and Mare 483. The marks of a good Horse ibid. How to know the age of an Horse 484 Hot things cooled are soonest congealed 160 Housleek or Sen-green is alwayes green and therefore called semper vivens It is good against Corns 270 Houswives A note for good houswives 255 Humours The Passions are seated in the heart and stirred up by the Humours 497 498 Hyacinth and the vertues of it 293 Hyaena and his subtilties 445 Hypanall a serpent so called 489 Hyssop and the vertues of it 253 J. I. JAde An herb to refresh a tired Iade 259 Janus Whom the Poets pointed at in their fiction of Ianus with two faces 2 Jasper stone and the vertues thereof 295 Ibis a kinde of Stork 394. He doth much good in destroying serpents ibid. Jerf or Gulon a strange beast whose delight is onely in feeding 484 Jet and the properties of it 303 Jews their computation of 6000 yeares confuted 11 12 13 c. Ignis fatuus or foolish fire 93 Infection Sorrell good against infection 270 Innocencie taught from the Dove or Pigeon or Turtle rather 408 Iron and how it groweth 289 Israelites The Manna of the Israelites 156. The Egyptians did not cause the Israelites to forget their ancient customes 38 Iulus his head on a flame 97 June Noahs floud began to cease about the beginning of Iune or end of May 33 K. KIng-fisher and his properties 417 King of Sweden His Starre 108 109. The time of his birth ibid. His speech to his souldiers 112. His speech three dayes before his death 113. A Memento of him for after-times ibid. Kite and his properties 394 Knowledge in Devils See Devils L. LAdanum a sweet dew 158 Ladies mantle an herb so called the vertues whereof are described 252 Ladies threads a Meteor like unto cobwebs 167. Why there be spiders in it 168 Lamia a beast so called and described she hath paps a face head and hair like a woman 472 Lapis Thracius a strange stone it sparkles and burns in water but is quenched in oyl 299 Lapwings and their properties 416 Lark 402 Latona delivered by help of the Palm-tree 276 Lavender an herb and why so called 262 Lead and how it is generated 289 Leeks and the properties thereof Nero had a nick-name given him for eating of Leeks 262. Leeks are not good for hot cholerick bodies ibid. Leopard how he is begotten 442 Lettice Harm in too much Lettice 268 Licking lights or ignis lambens 97 Lights Why two lights shew fair weather and one light foul 96 Light The creation of Light from pag. 53 to 58. and pag. 327 328 329 c. Lightning The kindes of Lightning 124. Why we see the Lightning before we heare the thunder ibid. The worst kinde of Lightning 125. Three kindes of Fulmen 126. Not wholesome to gaze on the Lightning 127 Lilies and their vertues 268 Linot 402 Lion and his properties 438 Load-stone and the vertues of it 297 298 Locks An herb which will open any thing lockt 273 Love A pattern of Matrimoniall love taken from the Swan 413 Loyaltie The fish called Cantharus is a pattern of true Loyaltie 381 Lungs The Lungs are the bellows of the voice and seated next the heart they teach us to tell the truth 498. Hyssop purgeth the breast 253. A cure for a cough of the Lungs 252. Another for the same 253. Good to make one sing cleare 256. Mists are bad for the Lungs 167 Lynx and his properties 451 Lyzzard what kinde of creature it is 494 M. MAce See Nutmeg Mad. Good against the biting of a mad dog 266. 258 Madder is good for bruises and of a strange propertie 269 Maids An herb for great-breasted maids 252 Mallard better for sport then food 401 402 Mallows and their vertues 244 Man and his creation 496. The world made to serve Man and Man made to serve God 495. The fall was soon after the creation 36 37 Manna what it is and whether the Manna of the Israelites were altogether miraculous 156 157. How it is Angels food 157 Mantichora a very strange kinde of beast 446 Marriage The Marriage bed must not be abused 433. See also 413 Martins and Ermins 462 Mavis 402 Mean The meanest ought not to be contemned 369 Megrim A medicine for to cure the Megrim or pain in the head 453. 261 Melancholy A medicine to cure Melancholy 245. 250 26â—… Mermaids and Mermen with strange stories to the same purpose 375 Merry Good to make one merrie 245 Metalls 284 sequent Meteors and their kindes 86 87 88 c. Milk Good to ingender Milk in nurses breasts 249. See more in the word Nurses Milk rained and how 148 Minde The Minde doth somewhat sympathise with the body 104 341. Good against a troubled minde 259 Mint an wholesome herb 255. It is good to kill worms ibid. Mists they be of two kindes 166. Why they use to stink ibid. They be very bad for the lungs 167. and a speedie rot for cattell ibid. How to judge of the weather by a mist ibid. Miracles or waters of miraculous vertues 220 sequent Mole and his properties 462 Moneth The Hebrew moneths had no names excepting fours of them untill after the captivitie 39. The signification of the names belonging to those foure 40 Moon-wort or Mad-wort and the strange properties thereof 257 258. Moses skilfull in the learning of the Egyptians 347 Mother A medicine for those who are troubled with the Mother 246 Mouse described as also the kindes of mice 465 sequent Mouseare or Pilosella 261. It is good to harden edge-tools ibid. Mufloa a Sardinian beast 446 Mullet and his properties 381 Multitude An embleme concerning those who perish by following the multitude 482 Mummie 302. Counterfeit Mummie 303 Musculus a little fish and a friend to the whale 369 Musk-cat 463 Mustard and the properties thereof 256 Myrrhina what it is 157 Myrtle 275. The Romane captains made garlands of it for triumph ibid. It was consecrated to Venus ibid. Myrtle berries have been used sometimes in the stead of pepper 276 N NApeir his opinion concerning the time of the worlds ending 24 25 26 Naphtha a liquid Bitumen with the kindes and properties thereof 303 304 Nature The course of nature first set then followed 35 Natures of the starres may be known 347 Nepenthe an herb which expelleth sadnesse 271 New-found world how it first grew out of knowledge 232 Nightingale and her commendations 402 Noah had knowledge in the starres and signes of heaven 347 North-winde 182 Why the North and East windes sometimes bring rain for a