Flowers of Tamarisk also shavings of Harts-horn or of Ivory which sweeten the Liquour and preserve it from turning four viz. in as much as the Particles of the fluid Salt which abound in the Cider and are apt to make it sharp are taken up in dissolving the foresaid Ingredients Temperate Physick Drinks may be prescrib'd after this manner viz. let a small Ale be prepar'd to fill a Vessel of five or six Gallons into which instead of Hops let tops of the Pine-tree of Firr or Tamarisk or the Raspings of either of their Woods be put them after it has wrought let the Roots of sharp pointed Dock dryed be put into the Vessel than which certainly there is no Remedy more excellent in the Scurvy To these sometimes let the Leaves of Brook-limes Water-cresses Winter-cresses c. be added Also Pomecitrons or Oranges cut in slices Leaves of Harts-tongue put into a little Vessel of midling Ale after it has wrought gives it a grateful savour and odour CHAP. IV. Of the Curatory Indication of the Scurvy whereby we obviate the Disease it self and the Symptoms that are most pressing HItherto we have shewn concerning the Cure of the Scurvy what regards the Preservatory Indication to wit the removal of the Morbifick Cause viz. both the intentions of Curing and the Remedies indicated Which kind of method being seasonably begun and duly prosecuted often does the whole work viz. in as much as the Cause of the Disease or the Root of it being cut off the affects depending of it dye of their own accord Nevertheless we must not go on with this course of Physick always directly but turning aside several ways For sometimes severe Accidents and Symptoms happen which require a peculiar and as it were extraordinary Physical help to which we must Immediately attend and often interrupting the general Cure Concerning these we must observe that as affects which happen upon the Scurvy require Appropriated Remedies according to the Nature of each of them and to the disposition of the Patient yet Antiscorbuticks ought always to be mixt with them I will not be needful to order a Method of Cure against all diseases and affects with which the Scurvy is wont to be attended for so the whole Practice of Pyhsick would be here transcrib'd but we shall have regard only to the Symptoms that are chiefly pressing by which either the life of the Patient is endanger'd or the principal Cure Obstructed after what manner and by what Medicines such are Cur'd I shall now shew Of Curing a difficult Breathing and Asthmatick Fits A Difficult Breathing with a straitness of the Brest and Asthmatick Fits ought presently to be removed by appropriated Remedies to be prescrib'd besides the general Method for other wise the diseased is soon brought in danger of life Since these sorts of evils arise in Scorbutical persons for the most part either through the fault of the Blood stagnating in the Heart or by reason of the Nerves of the Lungs being hindred in their Function therefore they are Gur'd either by Cordial or Anticonvulsive Medicines Spirit of Harts-horn of Soot of Blood of Mans Scull also the Tincture of Castoreum of Antimony or of Sulphur Flowers of Sal Armoniack Flowers of Benzoin also Elixir Proprietatis are often of excellent use in these Cases which kind of Medicines may be frequently given with a Dose of some Antiscorbutick Liquors appropriated also against the foresaid afects For the appeasing of a sudden difficulty of Breathing which is meerly Convulsive if at any time it very sorely presses I have found no more present remedy then our Tincture of Laudanum with Opium given to ten or twelve drops in a convenient Liquour For Sleep Stealing on the Spirits remit of their disorders and in the mean while being refresh't they resume afterwards their accustom'd offices after a due manner Take Roots of the great Bur Dock of Butter-Burr and Chervil of each an Ounce Leaves of Maiden-hair and Germander of each a handful Seeds of the Great Bur Dock of Bastard Saffron of each three Drams Raisins two Ounces being slic't and bruis'd let them Boyl in three pounds of Fountain water till the third part be Consum'd add of White-wine four Ounces strain it into a Flagon into which put leaves of Scurvy-grass slic't a handful Roots of Elecampane preserv'd and small slic't half an Ounce make a close and warm Infusion for three hours the Dose is six Ounces twice or thrice a day Of Affects of the Stomach which are wont to happen in the Scurvy SCorbutical persons are wont sometimes to be troubled with a great Oppletion and Pain of the Stomach also with a Nauseousness and Belching and sometimes also with a frequent and violent Vomiting which kind of distempers sometimes arise from the Chyle there degenerated into a Mass of Corruption but oftner from the Morbifick Matter brought thither either by the conveyance of the Blood or also of the nervous Juice and either depos'd within the Cavity of the Stomach or fixt in the Plexus's of the Nerves and in the Membranes In these kinds of Cases if a Viscous Stinking or otherwise Offensive Matter be cast up by Vomit and there be a suspicion that the cause lyes within the Cavity of the Stomach its proper to give a gentle Vomit of Wine of Squills or of Salt of Vitriol Or let the offending Humours be Purg'd off by Stool either by Extract of Rhubarb or by its infusion with the addition of Salt or Cream of Tartar But if the Matter sticks deeply within the Membranes or the Plexus's of the Nerves Diaphoreticks or things that moderate the effervescencies of the Salts do better Let Elixir Proprietatis or Flowers of Sal Armoniack or Spirit of Soot be frequently taken with Raddish Water Compound water of Earthworms or some other Antiscorbutick Liquour Mean while once or twice a day let Fomentations of Wormwood Centory Flowers of Cammomil Roots of Gentian and other things Boyl'd in white-White-wine be applyed to the Region of the Stomach with Wollen Cloths dip't into it warm and wrung forth The use of Glysters is proper and Opiats often give great help Of the Belly Ach and the Scorbutick Collick SCarce any affect requires a more speedy Physical help than the Colick and gripes in the Belly which frequently happen in the Scurvy Against these evils Glysters of various kinds Fomentations Liniments and Cataplasms are administred The use of Opiates is found to be very necessary here Certainly in this Case that Praescript of Riverius chiefly has place viz. that Purging Pills be given with Landanum mixt with them for a plentiful Evacuation by seige and Sleep being caus'd the Fit often is taken away Moreover Powders of Shells by which the sharp Salts are Imbib'd or fixt conduce very much to the removal of the Morbifick cause for example Take Crabs Eyes and Egge Shells of each a Dram and a half Pearl a Dram make a Powder divide it into twelve Doses whereof let one be taken
Ounces Turbith Mechoacan of each an Ounce and a half Epithymum yellow Saunders of each an Ounce Coriander-seeds an Ounce and a half let them be slic'd and bruis'd and put in a Bag according to Art for four Gallons of Ale the Dose is from twelve Ounces to a Pound either every Morning or twice or thrice a Week CHAP. IV. A Cure for Over-purging or of Medicines that stay too much Purging or a Looseness Also the Cure of the London-Flux with Instructions in each Case TO prevent over-purging upon giving any Purging Medicine we must proceed thus Before we give a Purge we must first consider well the Constitution Strength and Custome of the Body to be Purg'd as also the Nature Dose manner of Working and ordinary effects of the Medicine to be given and then by comparing the one with the other we must proportionate the vertue of the Agent according to the bearing of the Patient Secondly whilst the Medicine is working let the Viscera where digestion is perform'd the Blood and the Animal Spirits be kept free from any other perturbation Wherefore during that time let not the Patient eat gross or viscous food or too great a plenty of any food which may offend the Stomach let him carefully avoid the admittance of any outward cold by which the Pores of the Body are shut up also let the mind be kept calm and undisturb'd free from all Cares and toilsome Studies Thirdly The Operation of the Medicine being ended we must appease the angry rage of the Animal Spirits and allay the effervescence of the Blood and Humours for which ends let an Anodine Medicine or a gentle Hypnotick be given according to the following forms Take Water of Cowslip Flowers two Ounces Cinnamon-water hordeated Syrup of Maeconium of each half an Ounce Pearls half a Scruple make a draught to be taken going to rest Or Take Conserve of red Roses vitriolated two Scruples Diascordium half a Dram Pearls half a Scruple Diacodium what suffices make a Bolus to be taken going to sleep In case this Provision be either omitted or does not hinder a Purging Medicine from working to excess let the Patient presently be put into a warm Bed and be ordered as follows First Let either a Plaister of Mithridate be apply'd to his Stomach and to the whole upper Region of the Belly or let those parts be fomented with warm Linnen Cloaths dip'd in a decoction of Wormwood Mints and Spïces in red Wine and so wiung forth presently upon it let him take inwardly either a Bolus of Venice Treacle or a Solution of it in cinnamon-Cinnamon-water Moreover let him drink every now and then a spoonful or two of burnt-Burnt-wine diluted with a little mint-Mint-water if he be troubled with Gripes give him a Glister of warm Milk with Treacle dissolv'd in it and warm frictions must be us'd to the remote parts and sometimes Ligatures to draw the Blood outwards and so keep it from too great a Colliquation and from discharging it self into the Cavities of the Viscera then in the Evening if there be strength and a pretty good Pulse let him take a Dose either of Diacodium or of Liquid Laudanum with some fit Vehicle As to other kinds of excessive Purging which are wont to happen without the Administration of a Purging Medicine for the most part they are meerly Symptomatical depending on other Diseases and their method of Cure is wholly the same as of those Diseases whose off-spring they are Nevertheless sometimes a Looseness or Flux seems to be a Disease of it self and because this kind of Distemper Raging almost yearly in the City of London is commonly accounted Endemious or a Disease peculiarly attending Inhabitants I shall here set down its method of Cure I have often and long observ'd that there are two and that very different kinds of that Flux usually call'd the Griping of the Guts which happens here almost yearly about Autumn In one of them the Stools are watry and in a manner cleer with a sudden failing of the strength in the other they are bloody but tolerable withal In the Year 1670. about the Autumnal Equinox a World of People here were seized with a most dangerous Flux though without Blood and joyn'd with a cruel Vomiting which presently caus'd great faintings and a total decay of strength For the Cure of this Disease no Evacuation did good nay Bleeding Vomiting and Purging always did hurt only Cordials and those of the hottest nature to wit such as abounded with Spirit and Sulphur or a Volatile Salt prov'd commonly of good effect insomuch that Brandy burnt a little with Sugar was a Popular and as it were Epidemick Remedy and in that sort of Flux was seldome given without success though in the other sort of Flux which carry'd Blood with it having been us'd without due regard it has often been found to be hurtful The method of Cure which I then took successfully enough with many and am wont still to take in the like case is after the following manner Take Venice Treacle from a Dram to a Dram and a half let the Patient take it in Bed and drink after it seven or eight spoonfuls of the following Julap and let him repeat this Dose every third fourth or fifth hour Take Mint-water Cinnamon-water hordeated of each three Ounces strong Cinnamon-water Plague-water Treacle-water of each two Ounces Powder of Pearls a Dram Sacchari Crystalin half an Ounce mingle them and make a Julap At the same time take a piece of Bread spread some Treacle on it and dip it in Sack or Red-wine warm'd and let it be apply'd to the Stomach as hot as it may be suffered and change it every now and then In the Evening if the Pulse and Breathing seem strong enough to bear it let the Patient take of Liquid Laudanum Cydoniated twenty Grains in a draught of Plague-water Take Diascordium a Dram Liquid Laudanum half a Scruple Compound Powder of Crabs Claws a Scruple Cinnamon-water what suffices make a Bolus to be taken going to sleep To those to whom Treacle or Mithridate prove nauseous or disagreeing give a Dose of the following Powder or Spirit of Treacle every third hour with the Julap Take Compound Powder of Crabs Claws Roots of Contrayerva or Serpentaria Virgin of each a Dram Cinnamon Roots of Tormentil of each half a Dram Saffron Cochinele of each a Scruple make a Powder the Dose is from half a Dram to two Scruples Take Spiritus Theriacalis Armoniacus three Drams the Dose is a Scruple with the Julap every fourth hour or give that and the Doses of the Powder interchangeably one one time and the other the other After the same manner the Spirits of Harts-horne or of Soot may be given let the persons Drink be Ale or Beer with a Crust of Bread Mace add Cinnamon boil'd in it and sweeten'd or let it be burnt-Burnt-wine diluted with mint-Mint-water let his Food be Chicken-broth Gruel or Panada with the shavings of Ivory Hartshorn
boild in it Take the Deliquium of Salt of Tartar which whilst the Tincture is extracted floats under and is impregnated with the Sulphur of the Wine from two Scruples to a Dram and a half Whitewine from four Ounces to six Syrup of the five Roots half an Ounce Mingle them and make a draught to be repeated twice or thrice a day Take Ashes made of the Prunings of the white Vine half a pound Nutmegs two Drams pour to them of White or Rhenish wine two pounds and a half let it stand a day in a moderate heat and close cover'd then keep the straining for use The Dose is four Ounces twice or thrice a day Let Flints be made red hot in the Fire and be quencht in White wine or stale March Beer Give of the Liquor from six Ounces to eight twice a day Take Water of quick Lime from four Ounces to six Tincture of Salt of Tartar from a Dram to a Dram and a half Make a draught to be taken twice or thrice a day For the same reason as fixt Salts sometimes also volatile Salts are given with good success to move Urine in a sourish distemper of the Blood to wit forasmuch as its Particles when admitted into the Blood destroy the predominancy of the fluid Salt in it so that the Blood recovering its due mixture and being freed from coagulations and fluxions drinks up again what Serum is extravasated and conveys what is superfluous to the Reins to be sent forth by the Ureters But we may note withal that Medicines prepar'd of a volatile Salt having particles somewhat fierce in operation and instigating when they correct the Crasis of the Blood dispose what there is superfluous of Serum to be discharg'd sometimes by Sweat as much as by Urine In this order of Diureticks not only the bare volatile Salt drawn forth of Animals and Minerals ought to be numbred but likewise the integral parts of Animals and Vegetables such as are the Powders and Extracts of Insects and Vegetables of a smart nature Prescripts of Medicines that have a volatile Salt for their Basis TAke Salt of Amber Pure Sal Nitre of each two Drams make a Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram in a fit Vehicle Take Flowers of Sal Armoniack Crystal Mineral of each two Drams Make a Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram in a good spoonful of Radish water compound Salt of Vrine may be given after the same manner Take Powder of Bees a Scruple Lovage-seed a Scruple Make a Powder give it in a spoonful of distill'd water Take Spirit of Vrine from a Scruple to half a Dram Radish water compound from an Ounce to an Ounce and a half Juniper water three Ounces mingle them make a draught Spirit of Tartar may be given after the same manner in a double quantity Take Millepedes prepar'd two Drams Flowers of Sal Armoniack half a Dram Nutmegs powder'd half a Dram Venice Turpentine what suffices Make Pills let four be taken twice a day Take Powder of Burdock-seeds two Drams Wild Carrot-seed a Dram Salt of Amber a Dram Oyl of Nutmegs half a Scruple Balsamum Capivii what suffices Make a Mass form it into little Pills of which let four be taken in the Evening and as many the next Morning Take Roots of Chervil Stone Parsly Fennel Eringo Cammock or Rest-harrow of each an Ounce Leaves of Saxifrage Clivers or Goose-grass of each a handful Seeds of Gromwel Hartwort of each half a handful Juniper Berrys six Drams boil all in four pounds of fountain water till half be consum'd then add Rhenish Wine a pound fine Honey two Ounces Make an Apozem the Dose is six Ounces twice a day Take fresh Millepedes two pounds Leaves of Clivers Chervil Saxifrage and Golden Rod of each two handfulls Roots of Horse Radish six Ounces Nutmegs an Ounce Juniper Berrys Wild Carrot-seeds of each two Ounces being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of white-White-wine Posset-drink eight pounds distil it in a common Still Let the whole Liquor be mixt the Dose is four Ounces twice or thrice a day Take fresh Millepedes wash'd from forty to sixty Nutmegs half a Scruple being bruis'd together put to them distill'd Water of Saxifrage three Ounces wring it forth hard and drink it Take Leaves of Chervil Macedonian Stone Parsly of each three handfulls being bruis'd together pour to them of Whitewine a pound and a half wring it forth hard and keep it in a Glass the Dose is three Ounces twice a day Prepare a Tincture of Millepides Bees Grashoppers or of Cantharides dry'd with the Tincture of Salt of Tartar give it from fifteen to twenty or thirty drops in a fit vehicle Nitre is a sort of Salt but differing from any other Salt or from the nature of Saline Particles being neither Acid fixt or volatile but holds the mean state as it were betwixt those three And in truth Nitre is the thing by which all Plants have their vegetation all Animals live and breath and every Sublunary Flame or Fire is kindled and maintained But as to our present purpose it 's well enough known that Sal Nitre cools the Blood and powerfully provokes Urine though it seems somewhat strange how this which is of so fiery a nature should so quallify the Blood and run it into Aquosities to move Urine I conceive that Nitre works those effects in a two-fold respect to wit as it is a Salt ally'd both to a fixt Salt and a volatile and as it carries a living Root of Fire in it As to the first we observe that Nitre ev'n as fixt and volatile Salts being put into Milk hinders or takes away its coagulation so likewise Blood whilst warm being pour'd to this is preserv'd from coagulation and from being discolour'd no less than if put to those Wherefore since Particles of Nitre inwardly taken preserve the mixture of the Blood entire or restore it it follows that they prevent or take away the fusions or coagulations of the same from which heats and a suppression of Urine very often arise So again Nitre in regard it carries in it a living Root of Fire when inwardly taken cools the inflamed Blood and moves Urine because according to what is hinted before it adds a vigour to the flame of the Blood which before was troubled and full of fumes and so renders it more clear and pure and consequently more mild since therefore the Blood burning clearer by the access of Nitre becomes of a more loose consistency the serous Particles easily get clear of the more gross and pass away in a more plentiful manner Prescripts of Diureticks that have Sal Nitre for their Basis TAke Nitre prepar'd two Drams Barley water with Grass Roots and Candied Eringo Roots boil'd in it two pounds Syrup of Violets two Ounces Mix them the Dose is four Ounces twice a day Take Sal Prunella two Drams Sugar-Candy a Dram make a Powder to be divided into six
Dropsie I say that in an Anasarca the Morbifick matter which is a Lympha resieds partly in the Mass of Blood and partly in the habit of the Body within the Pores and empty Spaces lying betwixt the Vessells Wherefore a strong Cathartick being given it presently Exagitates the Mass of Blood fuses it and moves it to an Excretion of any supersluous or heterogeneous thing And at the same time irritates the Mouths of the Arteries which lye open towards the Cavityes of the Intestines that the water cast out of the Blood may find a way forth rather by these Emissaries Hence in the fust place the waters floating within the Mass of Blood are clear'd forth in a plentifull manner and then the Vessells being drain'd soon drink up the waters betwixt the Flesh and the Skin and presently send them forth partly by seigh and partly by Urine or Sweat There is no fear in the mean time lest as in an Ascites the Morbifick matter being Exagitated and put in Fusion by the Medicine be driven from the Blood into the places affected whence it cannot easily get out again or lest as in a Tympany the Viscera by reason of the Fibres of the Ventricle and Intestines being too much irritated are mov'd into Convulsive Extensions for whilst the Viscera are sound and in a good state the Particles of the Medicament do them no hurt but being carryed thence into the Blood do not only fetch waters from it but by Exagitating its Mass raise up its Active Particles before opprest and dispose them for recovering their power of Fermentation Secondly I have also set down before the Hydragogues operating by Urine both simple and compound and have given you Forms of Medicines prepar'd of both and the ways of giveing them Wherefore I shall not repeat them here But because all Medicines of this kind do not good alike in all affects we must here observe that Lixivials as I have often found by experience far exceed the rest of Diureticks in Curing the Anasarca And now it 's a much us'd and common Remedy for any one who has his Members swell'd to Purge first and then to take twice or thrice a Day six or eight Ounces of a Lixivium made of white-White-wine with the Ashes of Wormwood or of Broom and to continue its use for some Days This Medicine as I have observ'd in many powerfully provok's Urine nay sometimes in such Abundance that the Patients within the space of twenty four hours making above a Gallon and a half of water have presently recover'd almost to a miracle The reason why Medicines containing a fixt and lixivial Sal expell Urine more in an Anasarca than such as are endow'd with an Acid or Alchalisate or Volatile Salt is that in this Disease the watery Homours which upon failing of the Fermentation of the Blood and of its sanguifying Vertue are gathered together as well within its Mass as in the habit of the Body upon stagnating there some time are turn'd somewhat sharp Wherefore the Lixivial Particles of the Medicine entering the Blood presently grow in a heat with the Acids of the waters which as they exagitate and ferment they cause a mighty Fermentation in the whole Mass of the Blood and a following excretion Take of the Ashes of Broom or of Wormwood or of the Prunings of Vines calcin'd to a whiteness and sifted four Ounces put them in a Glass-bottle with two Pounds of White-wine let there be a close and warm Digestion for three or four hours then strain it the Dose is from six Ounces to eight twice a Day Take white Tartar calcin'd with Nitre and after melted in a crucible till it look blew three Ounces small Spirit of Wine a pound and half water of Snails and Earth-worms of each four Ounces let them digest close luted in a sand-furnace for two Days the Dose of the clear Liquor is two or three Ounces with four Ounces of the Decoction of the Roots of Butchers Broom and Burdocks made in Ale For Ordinary Drink TAke white Ashes of Broom cleans'd two Pounds put them in a Bag with Raspings of Sassafras three Ounces Roots of the lesser Galingal an Ounce Juniper berryer and wild Carrot Seeds of each an Ounce and a half make a Bag for four Gallons of Ase after seven or eight Days begin to draw it Diaphoreticks often do excellently well in a Leucophlegmatia which begins or concludes an Anasarca and they usually agree better in this Disease when confirm'd than in other kinds of the Dropsie And though at the beginning they are not able to move Sweat because the habit of the Body is invested with a deal of waters however by exagitating the Blood they are a means that the active Particles implanted in it which were dull'd before and almost overwhelm'd are rais'd up again and dispos'd to a Fermentation and that all the dreggy Excrements especially such as are Aqueous are put in Motion so that presently breaking forth of their Receptacles in a plentiful manner they readily pass off by Seige or Urin and often in some measure by transpiration But after that the waters being well clear'd by Purging the Morbifick matter is so far diminisht that the bulk of the Body and the swelling of the Members begin to abate the remainder of the Humour is excellently consum'd by moderate Sweats and by a constant perspiration We have given you before a List and Forms of Hydroticks but as to our present purpose for the Cure of an Anasarca those things are most proper which are given in somwhat a large Dose for as to such as are prescrib'd in a small quantity their active Particles being immerg'd in the waters are overwhelm'd before they can be diffus'd in the Blood so as to exert their force wherefore Spirits whether Armoniack or Vinous also Tinctures and Elixirs nay and Powders seldom come in use against this Disease because in a small Dose they do little and if it be made very large they often offend the bowels by their excess in operation therefore let those things rather be made choice of which being taken in a full Draught and warm may be able to pass the whole Blood uncorrupted as chiefly the Decoctions of Woods and Roots whose Particles agreeing well enough with the Blood but being not to be mastered by it pass through its whole Mass and exert an Elastick force putting all the Humours in a Commotion Take Raspings of Guaiacum six Ounces Sassafras two Ounces all the Saunders of each six Drams shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each three Drams let them infuse according to Art and boyl in eight Pounds of fountain water till half be consum'd addïng Roots of Calamus Aromaticus the lesser Galingal Burdocks and Butter-burr of each an Ounce Leaves of Woodsage and Germander dryed of each two handfulls let the straining be kept for use the Dose is from eight Ounces to ten twice a Day warm to each Dose may be added Spirit of Sal Armoniack
about the thirty fifth year of his Age the Disease growing worse he began to get Sleep with difficulty or very seldom by night and so in the day time to be troubled with a Fervency and Inconstancy of thoughts to be suspicious of all things and persons and to be Scar'd at every thing that came in his way the Praecordia seem'd to be very much Constring'd and Straitn'd and to fall in as though the Heart it self were deprest into the Belly which Symptom pressing him he became very sad and dejected in mind Yet afterward those affects of the mind remitting he plainly felt at once both the heart to be a little rais'd and the Praecordia to be Relax't and Dilated Moreover he had very frequently Pains and Contractions variously rais'd about the Muscles of the Viscera and Membranes and passing from one place to another He us'd a great many Remedies and Physical Administrations a long time for the Cure of this Affect but without any great good at length being somewhat relieved by the use of Mineral Waters and afterwards growing better by degrees he became free from those severe Symptoms tho' he still continues obnoxious to the Hypochondriacal Affect The Therapeutick Method to be us'd against Hypochondriacal Affects requires chiefly these four general Indications viz. First that the Impediments of the Cure be remov'd which intention chiefly regards the cleansing and keeping of the first Passages Secondly We must endeavour to correct the Obstructions or other disorders of the Spleen Thirdly we must see that the excrementitious Dregs of the Mass of Blood be Purg'd forth and that its due Crasis be restored Fourthly that the Irregularities of the Brain and Genus Nervosum and also of the Humour and Spirits residing in them contracted through the fault of the Blood and Spleen be amended or abolish't Since we must drive at many of these Intents together or at all of them let fit Seasons be chosen in which we may satisfie each of these purposes without any prejudice to or neglect of the Rest 1. As so the first Indication since a great Mass of crude or adust matter is wont to be heapt together in the first passages and since the Tone of the Stomack uses to be weaken'd and its Ferment to be variously perverted let us seasonably obviate these Evils of each kind with fit Remedies therefore mild and gentle Evacuations both by Vomit if it comes easily and by Seige ought to be given I advise those whose Stomack easily discharges its Contents upwards that once in a Month by taking the Liquor of Squills or Salt of Vitriol and drinking good store of Posset-drink or warm Water they cause themselves to Vomit several times In the interval of time let a gentle Purge and only lenitive be often given For this end the Pilul Tartareae Bontii or Stomac cum Gummis or our Solutive Pills may be used Take of the best Senna an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Epithymum three Drams Yellow-Saunders two Drams Salt of Wormwood two Drams Celtick-spike a Dram being sliced and bruised let them digest in white-White-wine and fumitory-Fumitory-water of each ten Ounces for twenty four hours let the clear straining evaporate by a gentle Bath-heat to the consistency of an Extract adding toward the end Powder of Senna Rhubarb and Cream of Tartar of each two Drams let them be bruised together in a Glass Mortar and reduced to a Consistency for Pills The Dose is from half a Dram to two Scruples or a Dram. The Remedies that regard the Tone and Ferment of the Stomach since they are manifold and of divers kinds let such as are most proper for the Constitution of each Stomach be chosen for with one Person bitter things with another Salt with others sharp or haply smart things best agree Of the number of these Medicines which are vulgarly called Digestives are Elixir Proprietatis Tinctura Sacra the Compound Powder of Aron Roots Salt of Wormwood Cream of Tartar Tartar Vitriolate Vitriol of Mars with many others Besides these inward Remedies outward applications also often give help For to a Stomach ill dispos'd a fomentation of White Wine with Wormwood Centory and other bitter Plants boil'd in it also Liniments or Plaisters often give relief of which it will not be needful to discourse particularly and to prescribe forms of those Medicines 2. The Indication that undertakes to amend the Faults of the Spleen whether the same be an Obstruction or a Tumour or Pain or a simple Dyscrasy is wont to be perform'd or at leastwise attempted by Remedies both inward and outward those that are of the former kind are coincident with those that are indicated in the third place to wit with which the purifying of the Blood is intended for since the chief or in a manner all of that which is brought into or carried out of the Spleen is by the conveyance of the Blood the Irregularities both of the blood 's Latex and of that Entral ought to be cured by an associated Operation the vertues of the Medicines being joyn'd together and we shall presently shew after what manner meanwhile some outward applications in the form of a Plaister or Liniment or Fomentation have a more near and immediate regard to the body of the Spleen and often give a mighty relief viz. in as much as they discuss the Tumours restore to Circulation the melancholy Filth there stagnating nay and appease and restrain the Corrugatious and Convulsive Affects of the Fibres There is a mighty store of these outward Medicaments to be found every where amongst Authors the choice of which in regard it ought to be ordered according to the various passions of the Spleen and the differing Constitutions of Patients it will not be expedient in this place to deliver particular forms of them 3. The Remedies indicated in the third place viz. such as take away the Dyscrasies of the Blood contracted by the Spleen and withal cleanse the primary taint of the Spleen are manifold and of a differing kind and condition the choice of which ought to be made according to the various taint of this and of the other Of these some are more compounded to be prepared according to the prescript of a Physician as Electuaries Powders Apozems Tinctures Infusions and the like others are more simple as Whey Asses Milk Spaws and hot Bath Waters There are two chief Cases of sick persons in which Magisterial Remedies ought to be accommodated according to their strength and qualities viz. either the Blood is thick coldish and earthy with an Obstruction of the Spleen which requires hot fermenting and especially chalybeat Medicines or the Blood being manifestly adust and intensely hot ferments above measure and withal the Hypochondres are in a great trouble and the Blood and Vapours boyl in them in which state only temperate Remedies are indicated for appensing the fervency and immoderate Fermentation of the humours where Chalybeats are altogether to be shun'd When therefore to a cold
manner in any sorts of Distractions the reason of this partly consists herein that the viscous load of the Ventricle which as we have shewn elsewhere greatly oppresses the mind being cleans'd forth the Spirits thereupon being more free expand themselves more vigorously and cheerfully Moreover in as much as vomiting compresses and evacuates the neighbouring Receptacles of the Humours to wit the Gall-bladder the Ductus of the Pancreas and the Glands of the Mesentery it keeps their Contents from being conveyed to the Head Vomits Take Oxymel of Squills an ounce and a half wine of Squils an ounce Syrup of Tobacco two drams mix them make a Vomitory if it works not at all or slowly let a Vomit be rais'd by a free drinking of Posset-drink having the leaves of Carduus boyl'd in it Take of the decoction of the middle bark of Elder four ounces Salt of Vitriol from one scruple to two scruples Oxymel simple three drams mix them let it be taken after the same manner To strong and well set People give the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum or Mercurius vitae also the Emetick Tartar of Mynsicht or Sulphur of Antimony Take roots of Polypody of the Oak half an ounce Epithymum three drams Senna half an ounce Tamarinds six drams Coriander-seeds three drams yellow Saunders two drams let them boyl in fourteen ounces of Fountain-water to ten ounces adding Agarick two drams Rhubarb a dram and a half to the clarified straining add of the purging Syrup of Apples two ounces let six ounces be taken repeating it within three or four dayes Take choice Senna three drams Epithymum Rhubarb of each a dram and a half yellow Saunders half a dram Corinader-seeds two scruples Salt of Wormwood half a dram Celtick Spike a scruple let there be a close Infusion for a Night in white-White-wine and water of Apples of each four ounces to five ounces of the clear straining add Syrup of Epithymum six drams Aqua mirabilis two drams mix them make a potion In Bodyes hard to be wrought on let there be added to these fibres of black Hellebore macerated in Vinegar a dram or two Those who like better Pills Powders Bolus's or Syrups may use the following Take Quercitan's Pills of Tartar or Crato's Pills of Amber half a dram Rosin of Jalap or Scamony six or eight grains Tartar vitriolate half a scruple Ammoniacum dissolved in Aqua mirabilis what suffices make pills let four be taken going to bed and unless they work first one the next morning Take Calomelanos extract of black Hellebore of each a scruple Resin of Jalap six grains Ammoniacum dissolved what suffices make four Pills let them be taken with governance The Powder call'd Haly is greatly commended by Valescus de Tarenta Pereda and others And indeed in rustick or robust Bodies this seems a pretty fit Cathartick Take Epithymum half an ounce Agarick Lapis Lazuli of each three drams Scammony a dram Cloves in number thirty make a Powder the dese is from half a dram to a dram Take Pulvis Diacennae Diaturbith with Rhubarb of each half a dram make a powder let it be taken in a draught of posset-drink or in a single decoction of Epithymum to four or five scruples Take choice Senna two ounces roots of Polipody of the Oak two ounces Epithymum an ounce and a half yellow Saunders half an ounce Tamarinds an ounce Coriander-seeds six drams let them boyl in four pounds of Barnet-water to an half strain it and let it evaporate by a bath heat to the consistency of a Syrup adding towards the end pure Manna double refin'd Sugar of each four ounces make a Syrup the dose is stwo or three spoonfuls in three ounces of a convenient distill'd water or in any other Liuqor Or Take of the same Liquor evaporated to the consistency of Honey six ounces fresh Cassia four ounces pulp of Corinths two ounces Cream of Tartar Salt of Wormwood of each a dram and a half pulvis Diasennae two drams yellow Saunders powdred three drams mix them make an Electuary the dose is from three drams to half an ounce Catharticks must not be used without intermission nro too frequently but let it suffice to give them within six or seven dayes and at other times let the belly if it be bound be loosened by Clysters as to what regards other Medicines which do not evacuate tho the Ancients plac'd the least we put the greatnest stress of the Cure in them for they with whom also many Moderns accord concluded that there was nothing more to be done for curing Melancholy than to purge forth the atrabilarious Humour Wherefore making purging the thing of chiefest moment they ordered the rest of Pharmacy called by them preparatory only for the sake of this directing thus their intentions that as soon as the Humour was brought to a fit consistency by altering Medicines and the wayes made open enough for its excretion then to carry it forth by Catharticks which kind of hypothesis seems not to agree with Reason or Physical Experience to wit in as much as melancholy Persons after a frequent purging how methodically soever ordered receive rather an injury than a relief Therefore we placing the cause of this Disease in the dyscrasies of the Blood and Spirits and in the weakness or ill conformation of the Brain or Viscera put alteratives and corroboratives in the first rank of Medicines and sometimes interlace Catharticks only for the sake of these Purging therefore being prescribed for the due removal of Impediments and at due intervals of time as to the rest you may proceed after this manner Take Conserve of Clove-gilliflowers and Borage flowers of each two ounces and a half myrobalan rinds condited six drams Coral prepar'd Pearl of each a dram and a half Ivory Crabs-eyes of each a dram Confection of Hyacinth two drams Syrup of Coral or red poppyes what suffices make an Electuary let two drams be taken morning and evening drinking after it three ounces of the following Julep or distill'd water Take water of Cowslip-flowers and of Black-cherries of each six ounces of Bawm four ounces Dr. Stevens's Water two ounces Sugar six drams mix them make a Julep Take leaves of Bawm Borage Bugloss Fumitory Water-cresses Brooklimes of each four handfuls Clove-gilliflowers flowers of Marigolds Borage Cowslips of each three handfuls the outward coats of six Oranges ' and four Lemmons being all sliced and bruis'd pour to them of Whey made with Cyder eight pounds distill them with common Organs let the whole Liquor be mixt Take powder of Pearl Ivory Coral prepar'd of each two drams Species loetificantis Diarrhod Abbatis of each a dram Oyl of Citron-pills half a scruple double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd and boyl'd to a consistency for Tablets in a sufficient quantity of Bawm-water six ounces make Tablets according to art weighing a dram let two or three be taken in the morning and at five of the clock in the afternoon drinking after it a draught of the distilled water
or thrice a day in a spoonful of the following distill'd Water drinking seven or eight spoonfuls of the same after it Take Cypress Tops six handfuls Clary Leaves four handfuls the outward Coats of twelve Oranges Cinnamon Mace of each an Ounce the Roots of Cyperus and the lesser Galingal of each half an Ounce being slic'd and bruis'd let them be put into eight pounds of Brunswich Beer and distill'd in an ordinary Still Take Tincture of the Balsam of Tolu extracted with the Tincture of Salt of Tartar an Ounce the Dose is twenty Grains with the same Vehicle the Tincture of Wormwood prepar'd with the same Menstruum may also be try'd Take Powder of the Leaves of Wormwood and Myrtle dri'd in the Sun in the Summer time of each two Drams Cinnamon Flowers of red Roses of each a Dram Cubebs Roots of the lesser Galingal of each half a Dram red Coral prepar'd a Dram make of all a subtle Powder then with six Ounces of double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd in Cinnamon-water and boil'd up to a consistency make it up in little Cakes weighing half a Dram let one or two of these be eaten often in a day as the person pleases Take Conserve of red Roses vitriolated four Ounces Myrobalans condited six Drams Ginger condited in the Indies half an Ounce Species of Hyacinth two Drams the reddest Crocus Martis one Dram Syrup of Corals what will suffice make of all an Electuary the Dose is a Dram twice a day drinking after it a little draught of the distill'd water In the debility or resolution of the Ventricle by reason of the Nerves being somewhere else abstructed Paralytick Remedies joyn'd with Stomachicks must chiefly be insisted on Take Elixir Proprietatis Tartariz'd an Ounce the Dose is a Scruple twice a day with the water above prescrib'd The Tinctures of Salt of Tartar of Coral of Antimony may be us'd after the same manner In this case also the sweet spirit of Salt tht spirit of Sal Armoniack or its Flowers are of great effect Moreover Vomits Purges and even Diaphoreticks are often successively administred I have known this Distemter sometimes happily Cur'd by Bathing in our hot Baths at Bathe CHAP. III. Instructions concerning Purging with prescripts of Purges AS Nature often Purges it self according to three Degrees so there are three Degrees of Purging by Medicine The first is soft and easie gently expelling any loose matter contain'd in the Ventricle and the Intestines The second reaches not only that but Purges likewise other humours from the Bilous and Pancreatick Passages and from the Mouths of the Vessels The third performs all this and that in a more full manner and going yet farther strongly Purges from the Blood and consequently from the Nervous Juice and other parts an Excrementitious matter which is brought by the Arteries into the Intestines As for what concerns the choice to be us'd in Purging Medicines though we do not approve of those cry'd up Classes of Medicines appropriated to this or that Juice or Humour yet we do not think that all Purges are indifferently to be us'd in all cases but that there is need of a strong Judgment and a wary circumspection in a Physician that according to the strength of his Patients their temperament the state and ability of the Viscera their bearing custome and fancy and so according to the nature of the Disease its time and quality he prescribe a Purge more gentle or strong and that of hot things or temperate gentle or more smart and in a solid substance or a liquid or something of some other certain kind and form as he shall see good A Purge therefore being not convenient at all times nor in every state of Body to proceed as we ought we must take a fit season and use a certain preparation and both these have regard to the first passages and to the Mass of Blood As to the first if at any time the Stomach be loaded with a Mass of viscous Phlegm or troubled with the boiling of Turgid Choler a Purge most commonly either becomes of no effect or does hurt unless those contents are first of all cleans'd forth by a Vomit or unless their oppression and effervescency be corrected by digestives As to what regards the Blood a Purge is often unseasonable sometimes also inconvenient and in neither of these cases Preparatives commonly so call'd but only Alteratives are proper for the business is not to dispose those imaginary humours for evacution but the Blood it self ought to be reduc'd from its troubled and confused state to a calm condition or from its debility and fall'n Crasis to its vigour and ev'n temperament Whilst the Blood Feaverishly boiling is disturb'd in its mixture Purging is always found hurtful and so whilst its Mass being become languid and weak does not arise to its due fermentation that sort of Evacuation is no less forbidden Moreover when the Blood is too bilous or watry or too much inclin'd to Coagulations or Fusions Purges for the most part do not take away those its defaults or depravations but most commonly encrease them Wherefore in those cases altering Remedies are rather Indicated which may destroy the undue Separations and Combinations of the Salts Sulphur and Serum and take away other their enormities Of these Digestives and Alteratives which supply the place of common Preparatives we shall speak particularly hereafter The chiefest Compositions of Purging Medicines being Potions Powders Bolus's Electuaries Morsels or Tablets and Physick-Ales or Wines we shall here set down certain of the more Select Forms of each of them and those of a threefold kind according as the operation of the Medicine ought to be gentle mean or strong to which in the fourth place we shall add Prescripts of easily prepar'd Purges for poor People 1. Gentle Potions Take Rhubarb slic'd three Drams yellow Saunders half a Dram Salt of Tartar a Scruple make a cold Infusion all Night in Cichory water and white-White-wine of each two Ounces and a half to three Ounces of Cleer straining add Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb half an Ounce Cinnamon water two Drams make a Potion 2. Mean Potions Take of the best Senna three Drams Rhubarb Troches of Agarick of each a Dram and a half yellow Saunders two Scruples Salt of Tartar half a Dram Coriander-seeds a Dram let them have a close Infusion all Night in Spring-water and White-wine made warm of each three Ounces to four Ounces of it strain'd add of the Purging Syrup of Apples an Ounce Aqua Mirabilis two Drams make a Potion Or Take the decoction of Senna Gerionis four Ounces Syrrup of Roses Solutive an Ounce Cream of Tartar half a Dram Cinnamon water two Drams make a Potion Take the best Senna Cassia Fistula Tamarinds of each half an Ounce Coriander-seeds two Drams boil all in ten Ounces of Spring-water till a third part be consum'd strain it and Clarifie it with the White of an Egg add to it the Syrup of Apples
an Ounce make a Potion 3. Strong Potions Take of the decoction of Sena Gerionis with the addition of the strings of black Hellebore and Agarick of each a Dram and a half six Ounces Syrup of Roses Solutive or of the flowers of Peaches an Ounce Aqua Mirabilis two Drams Or Take of the best Sena half an Ounce strings of black Hellebore Turbith of each two Drams yellow Saunders a Dram Coriander-seeds a Dram and a half Salt of Tartar half a Dram let it infuse close all Night in eight Ounces of white-White-wine made warm to five Ounces of the Cleer straining add of the Electuary of the Juice of Roses three Drams Syrup of Buck-thorn six Drams Cinnamon water two Drams make a Potion Potions of easie preparation for the Poor Take of Flaxweed a handful sweet Fennel-seeds two Drams boil them in a sufficient quantity of Spring-water till it comes to six Ounces add to it of White-wine two Ounces make a Potion After the same manner you may make a Purging Potion of the Flowers of Damask Roses also of Peach Leaves and so of the Roots of Eupatorium Avicennae PILLS First of a gentle Operation Take of Stomach Pills with Gums from a Scruple to half a Dram Tartar vitriolated two Grains Balsam of Peru what will suffice make thereof three or four Pills After the same manner may be made Pills of the mass of Pilul Ruffi of Pilul Mastichin of Pilul de Succino and of our extract Solutive the description of which you may find in our Tract of the Scurvy 2. Mean Pills Take of Stomach Pills with Gumms half a Dram Rosin of Julap from four Grains to ten Tartar vitriolated six Grains Ammoniacum dissolv'd as much as will suffice make four Pills After the same manner may be made Pills of the mass of Pilulae de Succino Tartari Quercitani Also instead of Rosin of Jluap you may put Scammony Sulphurated from six Grains to twelve or Rosin of Scammony from eight Grains to fourteen Or Take Stomach Pills with Gumms a Scruple Rosin of Julap from six Grains to twelve Balsam of Peru as much as will suffice make four Pills 3. Strong Pills Take Pilulae Rudii half a Dram Rosin of Julap from eight Grains to twelve Balsam of Peru what will suffice make four Pills to be taken cum Regimine After the like manner Pills may be made of the mass of Pilulae Cochiae de Sagapeno Take of Pilulae ex duobus from a Scruple to half a Dram Calamelanos a Scruple make four Pills to be taken Cum Regimine 4. Pills easily prepar'd and cheaper Take Powder of the best Jalap two Drams Diagridium a Dram Cloves Ginger of each a Scruple Ammoniacum dissolv'd as much as will suffice make a mass the Dose is half a Dram. Take of Pilulae Cochiae from half a Dram to two Scruples let four Pills be made POWDERS First such as are gentle Take of Rhubarb Powdred half a Dram Salt of Wormwood half a Scruple Cloves two Grains make a Powder give it in a spoonful of small Cinnamon-water or in a little Broath Take of the greater Compound Powder of Sena from half a Dram to a Dram in a little draught of Posset-drink Take Powder of the Leaves of Sena a Scruple Calamelanos seventeen Grains yellow Saunders half a Scruple make a Powder give it in a spoonful of Panada 2. Mean Powders Take Powder of Diasena a Dram Cream of Tartar a Scruple make a Powder give it in a little draught of Broath Take Rosin of Jalap ten Grains Calamelanos a Scruple Cloves six Grains make a Powder and take it after the same manner Take Species of Diaturbith with Rhubarb from half a Dram to a Dram Cream of Tartar from a Scruple to half a Dram. 3. Strong Powders Take Turbith Hermodacts of each three Drams Diagridium a Dram Ginger a Scruple make a Powder the Dose is from half a Dram to a Dram. Take Pulvis Cornachini a Dram after the same manner may be given the Compound Powder of Hermodacts also the Hydrotick Powder of Riverius 4. Cheap Powders and easie to be got Take Powder of the Roots of the best Jalap a Dram Ginger a Scruple give it in a little draught of White-wine so you may give Powder of the Roots of Mechoachan also of the Leaves of Sena in any Liquor BOLUS's and ELECTUARIES First such as work gently Take of the Lenitive Electuary half an Ounce Cream of Tartar half a Dram Syrup of Roses what suffices make a Bolus Take fresh Cassia half an Ounce Powder of Rhubarb half a Dram Cream of Tartar a Scruple Syrup of Roses as much as suffices make a Bolus 2. Mean Take of the Lenitive Electuary half an Ounce Cream of Tartar half a Dram Rosin of Julap six Grains Syrup of Roses what suffices make a Bolus Take of the Electuary Diaphaenicon half an Ounce of the Compound Powder of Hermodacts half a Dram Syrup of Elder what suffices make a Bolus 3. Strong Workers Take of the Electuary of the Juice of Roses half an Ounce Rosin of Julap ten Grains Cream of Tartar half a Dram Syrup of Elder what suffices make a Bolus Electuaries are Compounded of the same things made up in a greater quantity by adding Conserves of Damask Roses or of the Flowers of Peaches the Dose is the quantity of a Chesnut to be taken betimes every Morning or twice or thrice a Week 4. Bolus's and Electuaries easily prepar'd Take Powder of the Roots of Julap an Ounce of Mechoachan half an Ounce of Ginger two Drams of Cloves a Dram Cream of Tartar three Drams Salt of Wormwood a Dram Sugar two Ounces Syrup of Roses Solutive what suffices make an Electuary the Dose is the quantity of a Wallnut Confectio Solutiva Passulae Laxantes the Diapranum of Sylvius in the 30. Page of his Practice of Physick 5. Morsells or Tablets of a mean operation Take Powder of Mechoacan Gummous Turbith of each half an Ounce Scammony sulphurated two Drams Rosin of Jalap a Dram yellow Saunders a Dram Cream of Tartar two Drams Conserve of Violets an Ounce Sugar dissolv'd in Rose-water and boil'd up to a fit consistency a Pound Make Tablets according to Art each weighing a Dram the Dose is one or two The Purging Tablets of Sylvius Page the 28. of his Practice of Physick 6. Physical or Purging Wines and Ales of a mean operation Take Leaves of Sena an Ounce and a half Turbith Mechoacan of each six Drams strings of black Hellebore three Drams Cubebs Galingal Roots choice Cinnamon of each two Drams Put all in a large Glass with four Pounds of Rhenish-wine adding to it Salt of Tartar a Dram and a half let it stand cold and close cover'd for six days add to it Sugar-Candy three Ounces strain it through Hippocrates Sleeve the Dose is three or four Ounces Take Leaves of Sena three Ounces Roots of Polypody of the Oak and of sharp Pointed Dock prepar'd of each two
and the Roots of Scorzonera c. boil'd in it About the Autumnal Equinox in the Year 1671. a desperate Bloody Flux seiz'd on many persons in this City from the first seizing they voided Blood by seige in abundance and that frequently and for the most part it was attended with a Belly-ach and Gripes continual watchings also with a Feaver and a mighty thirst usually troubled them nevertheless their strength held commonly pretty well for some considerable time and if the Flux were stopt sooner than it ought it rendred the Patients conditions worse The method of Cure with the Remedies which I found to give Relief in many persons was according to the following manner Take Venice-Treacle a Dram Liquid Laudanum Cydoniated twenty Grains make a Bolus to be taken going to rest Take Conserve of red Roses vitriolated two Ounces Venice-Treacle an Ounce Powders of the Roots of Tormentil Contrayerva Pearl Coral prepar'd of each a Dram Syrup of dry'd Roses what suffices make an Electuary to be taken every fourth or fifth hour and let the person drink after it of the following Julap three Ounces Take the Waters of Mint Baum Cinnamon hordeated of each four Ounces Treacle-water Plague-water of each two Ounces Pearl a Dram Sugar an Ounce mingle them and make a Julap After a day or two give a Purging Potion which leaves an Astringency Take Rhubarb slic'd two Drams yellow Mirobalans slic'd a Dram and a half red Saunders Cinnamon of each a Scruple let them infuse all Night in the Waters of Plantain and Cinnamon hordeated of each two Ounces and a half wring it forth hard then add of strong Cinnamon-water a Dram and a half make a Draught Every Evening and also in certain cases in the Day-time I was wont to give a pretty large Dose of Laudanum nor have I ever known this Medicine to have done any prejudice to a person troubled with the Flux which happen's either because the Narcotick force of the Medicine is subdued or made more gentle by the Acid Juice of the Stomach or rather that its Particles which are transmitted to the Blood are thence presently cast forth again with the Bloody Stools so that they do not affect the Brain If the above-mention'd Electuary be found nauseous to any person or disagrees with him the following Powder may be given in its stead Take Pulvis Pannonici Rubri a Dram Roots of Contrayerva half a Dram make a Powder divide it into three parts and give one part in any Liquor Take Bole Armenick alexiteriated that is impregnated with the Juices of the Leaves of Tormentil Bistort red Roses c. and dry'd in the Sun Roots of Contrayerva of each a Dram Pearl red Coral white amber of each half a Dram make a Powder the Dose is from two Scruples to a Dram. Take the Roots of Avens and Scorzonera of each an Ounce of Tormentil Bistort and Contrayerva of each two Drams and a half burnt Harts-horn three Drams shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each two Drams Cochinele half a Dram red Rose-leaves two Drams boil all in a sufficient quantity of Spring Water till it comes to two Pounds towards the end of the boiling add conserve of red Roses three Ounces to the Cleer straining add Plague-water four Ounces the Dose is three Ounces To appease the Gripes and fretting of the Bowels Glysters are commonly prescrib'd Take the decoction of the Tops of St. John's-wort in which Sheeps Trotters or their Mesentery has boil'd eight or twelve Ounces Venice-Treacle two Drams Oyl of St. John's-wort an Ounce and a half make a Glister The Therapeutick Indications into which the method before exprest of curing the Bloody Flux may be resolv'd are chiefly four c. two regard the Blood and as many the Viscera First as to the Blood it s recrementitious and depraved dreggs which tend inwards must be driven forth into the habit of the body that they may exhale by perspiration and its coagulations must be dissolv'd and its Crasis restor'd as soon as may be Secondly as to what regards the Viscera the irksome sensation of the Nervous Fibres and the irritation of the Carnous Fibres to excretory Convulsions must be appeas'd and the Mouths of the Vessels must be shut to keep them from discharging the blood and humours into the Intestines The first of these is usually perform'd with Opiats and the other with Stiptick or Astringent Remedies Besides these we must have regard to urging Symptoms and ill affects usually attending this Disease the chief of which are a Feaver with a Thirst and Wakings Gripings of the Guts and sometimes their fretting Inflammation and Ulcers We must not proceed upon those four chief Indications severally and successively but we must take them altogether and set upon them at once wherefore the Prescripts ought to comprehend Remedies of divers kinds to wit Alexipharmicks Stypticks Diaphoreticks and Opiats And because it is not an easie thing to put these into a set method and under set Rules which may be generally apply'd I have rather chosen to give you here some Examples of Cures performed by me in the Bloody Flux in the year 1671. To a Gentleman 25 years of Age to whom I was call'd the third day after he was seiz'd I prescrib'd the following Bolus Take Venice Treacle a Dram Liquid Laudanum Cydoniated a Scruple mix them let him drink after it a little draught of the following Julap Take waters of Tormentil Mints and Cinnamon hordeated of each four Ounces Treacle water and Plague water of each two Ounces Pearl a Dram Sugar an Ounce make a Julap He took besides of the following Electuary about a Dram and a half every third hour with the said Julap Take Conserve of Red Roses two Ounces Venice Treacle an Ounce Powder of the Roots of Tormentil Contrayerva Pearl Coral prepar'd of each half a Dram Syrup of Red Poppies what suffices By the use of these Remedies the rigour of the Disease soon abated so that he had not above six or seven stools in the space of twenty four hours and those also were not very Bloody as before but appear'd full of little flakes of Flesh and of fragments as it were of Membranes Every Evening he took an Opiate with Laudanum The Fifth day of his illness he took the following Potion Take Rhubarb slic'd two Drams yellow Mirobalanes a Dram and a half yellow Saunders half a Dram Powder of Cinnamon a Scruple Salt of Wormwood half a Scruple let them infuse all night in the waters of Plantain and Cinnamon hordeated of each two Ounces and a half to the straining add strong Cinnamon water two Drams It purg'd him three or four times and gave him ease and the next day the Feaver being abated he was better so that seeming to grow well he eat flesh But shortly upon it fell into a Relapse so that the Flux returning with the Feaver it presently became more violent than it was at first Then because the former Medicines
began to nauseate him I prescrib'd after the following manner Take Powders of Tormentil Roots of Contrayerva Bole Armenick Alexiteriated of each a Dram Pearl Red Coral prepar'd White Amber of each half a Dram make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram in the following distill'd water Take Tops of Cypress and Myrtle of each four handfuls Leaves of Meadow-sweet Burnet St. Johns-wort Avens of each four handfuls Roots of Tormentil Bistort of each six Drams Red Rose-flowers four handfuls Kermes Berries four Ounces Cinnamon Mace of each one Ounce Being all slic'd and bruis'd together pour to them Red Florence Wine and Red Rose water of each four pounds distil all in a common Still let the whole Liquor be mingled and sweetned with Syrup of Coral He took also three or four times a day of the following decoction three or four Ounces Take Roots of Avens and Scorzonera of each an Ounce of Tormentil two Drams Hartshorn burnt and powdred six Drams shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each two Drams Tops of St. Johns-wort a handful Flowers of Red Roses and Balaustiae of each a pugil Boil all in three pounds of fountain water till it comes to two adding towards the end of the boiling of Red Lisbon wine four Ounces let it boil close cover'd for an hour then let it be strain'd through Hippocrates Sleeve Every night he took a Scruple of Liquid Laudanum in three Ounces of the Bloody Flux water ev'n now describ'd with three Drams of Syrup of Clove Gilly-flowers in it His common drink was a decoction of burnt Hartshorn with Barley a Crust of Bread Mace and Cinnamon to a Pint and a half of which a Pint of new Milk was added He took the Purging Infusion a second time by the use of which and the things before mentioned within ten days the Feaver left him and the Flux became much more gentle which though without Gripes or much Blood yet still continued with the little pieces of Flesh the fragments of Membranes and a bloody Phlegm or Gelly which daily came from him Therefore to strengthen and heat the intestines the following things were given Take Tops of St. Johns wort Leaves of Perwincle and Mousear of each a handful Red Rose Flowers two pugils Boil them in the Broath of a Sheeps Guts To a pound of the Liquor strain'd add Oyl of St. Johns-wort two Ounces Honey of Roses an Ounce and a half mingle them for two Glysters whereof one was given him in the Morning the other at five a Clock in the Afternoon He wore Emplast de minio Paracelsi upon him Belly He took moreover twice a day three Ounces of Juice of Plantain wrung forth with water of Scordium and Plague water He eat also every day a Quince made hollow and fill'd with the Powders of Olibanum Mastick and Balsam of Tolu and so rosted in the Embers By the constant use of these Remedies he grew perfectly well within a Month. About the same time another robust young man fell into a dreadful Bloody Flux from the first day he was seiz'd frequent stools and very bloody presently brake forth with violence being accompanied with a Pain and Gripes Moreover a strong Feaver with a cruel Vomiting Thirst and Wakings molested him These Symptoms being a little mitigated with Opiats a Delirium and a Vertigo with an intermittent Pulse and horrible extensions and contractions of his Limbs presently seiz'd him this hapning because the malignant matter which was inwardly restrain'd presently flow'd into the Brain and Nerves Nevertheless as often as the Looseness and Vomiting return'd these affects were presently appeas'd On the fifth day Vomiting up a bloody matter he complain'd of a great torture in his Stomach and of a Pain as though it were Ulcerated and in truth I suspected that there might be a beginning of some Inflam'd Blisters or Ulcers in it as it usually happens in the Intestines but by giving him Emollient Broths with Milk in them his Vomiting and the tortures of his Stomach soon ceased his Flux in the mean time encreasing He took that night of Diacodium an Ounce Cowslip water and small Cinnamon water of each an Ounce and a half by which Medicine he was so much reliev'd that in twenty four hours space his Vomiting and Pains left him and he was only troubled with a few Stools and having a good indifferent Pulse and frequent Sleeps he was pretty well yet the following night though he took again the same Opiate his Flux return'd and that with very frequent Stools and bloody as before The next day after he took an Infusion of Rhubarb with Mirobalans Red Saunders and Cinnamon He often voided Bilous and very sharp Excrements but without the least of Blood then in the Evening he took Liquid Laudanum Cydoniated twenty five Grains in a good spoonful of Cinnamon water hordeated he had moderate and quiet Sleeps Afterwards loathing any more Medicines he took only an Opiate every Evening sometimes of one sort and sometimes of another and in a short time grew very well CHAP. V. Instructions concerning Diuretick Medicines or such as work by Vrine with Diuretick Prescripts THe chief Scopes or ends of Diuretick Medicines are as follows First If at any time the Blood becomes so compact and tenacious from a fixt Salt Sulphur and Earth fermented together and mutually combin'd in it that the Watery Particles do not easily separate from the rest Diureticks fit to loosen its Texture and to fuse the Serum must be such as excel in a volatile or acid Salt for such Particles chiefly dissolve any coalitions caus'd by a fixt Salt But in regard this disposition is common both to a Feaver and the Scurvy in the former affect the most proper Diureticks are the temperate Acids of Vegetables also Sal Nitre the Spirits of Sea-Salt of Vitriol c. And likewise such as have a Volatile Salt as the Spirits of Hartshorn of Sal Armoniack Salt of Amber of Vipers and others of this kind which we have also rang'd amongst Diaphoreticks In a Scorbutick disposition when the Urine is but in a small quantity and thick the Juices of Herbs and preparations both of a sharp or tart and acid nature are of excellent use also Salt and Spirit of Vrine of Sal Armoniack of Tartar c. Secondly Sometimes the Blood does not retain the Serum long enough within its Body but either being obnoxious to Fluxions or rather Coagulations it deposes it here and there in a great abundance even more than enough whence it breeds Catarrhs or Tumours in many places Or the Blood being become of a weak habit and withal of a depraved constitution to wit inclining to a sourness its apt to coagulate as to its more gross Particles so that the more subtle Particles being every where thrown off in circulating and falling on the weaker parts cause sometimes distempers of the Head or Breast sometimes an Ascites or Anasarca And we shall hereafter shew how a Diabetes happens from
time dispose them so separated rather to pass forth by Sweat than by Urine or Seige As to the third thing requir'd to wit the opening of the Pores this is done in a manner wholly by outward Administrations Now because the same Saline preparations which are given to procure Sweat are often given to move Urine and sometimes also for Cordials we must shew by what preparation and other requisites Sweating is to be promoted alone without the other intents And we observe that Sudorificks inwardly taken seldom or never work of their own accord as Emeticks Catharticks or Diureticks but always need some Governance to actuate the Medicine and to determine it to that Energy Wherefore a Diaphoretick being given the Patient must presently be so ordered that the Pores of his Body may be open'd and the beat of his Heart very much heighten'd For these ends either let him be kept in a Bed Bath or Hot-house or let him exercise his Body with some quick or laborious motion and that these things may succeed the better in promoting Sweat when it is in our power let us make choice of a fit time and subject for it viz. when the Blood enjoying a laudable or not very evil Crasis both sufficiently abounds with a Serous humour and has not its Particles in too great a confusion or perturbation but is in a disposition readily to be loosen'd and to separate it self and run into parts For in a Bilous temperament in a thin and dry constitution and in the mindst of a burning Fever when all things are in a trouble and undigested Diaphoreticks commonly prove of no effect or do hurt Moreover when Diaphoreticks are judg'd proper we must not give all sorts of them indifferently but peculiar Medicines must be chosen according to the various disposition of the Blood and the different predominancies of the Element in it sometimes of this sometimes of that and according to the states of the Salts The Kinds and Prescripts of Diaphoretick Medicines SUdorifick Medicines being manifold and of divers kinds and being wont in a various respect to be rang'd in order and reduc'd to Classes In the first place I have thought fit here to distinguish them and set them down both as to their form and manner of Composition and as to the matter out of which they are made Their most usual forms are 1. a Powder 2. Chymical Liquors 3. A Potion 4. A Bolus 5. A Diet. The matter of each of these are either the integral parts of the whole mixt Body or certain Elementary parts of some mixt resolv'd by Chymistry and those are either simple viz. either Spirituous or Saline The latter of which also are either volatile or fixt Acid or nitrous Or lastly the Sudorifick Particles so divided and separated by Chymistry are Elementary parts compounded betwixt themselves viz. Spirituo-Saline and Salino-Sulphureous As we run through each of these Species in order we shall adapt to each matter the more Select forms of Prescripts Diaphoreticks which have the integral parts of a mixt for their foundation in which also a smart or volatile Salt is predominant in this respect often conduce to provoke Sweat that their Particles being admitted into the Blood and being immiscible with it and not to be subdued exagitate its Mass greatly divide it and draw it asunder as it were into most Minute parts so that at length the texture of the Blood being very much loosen'd and set a boiling the superfluous Serosites Recrements and taints of the Blood are cast forth together with the Particles of the Medicine which are expell'd by reason of their Heterogeneity Those that are of this rank are usually given in the form of a Powder Bolus Potion and Diet according to the following forms of Prescripts Take Roots of Contrayerva Serpentaria Virginiana Butter-burr of each a Dram Cochinele Saffron of each half a Dram Make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram with a fit Vehicle Take Powder of Vipers a Dram give it in some convenient Liquor Take Powder of Toads prepar'd from half a Dram to a Dram. When Diaphoreticks ought to predominate in Sal Alchali alone or mixt with the former Take Oriental Bezoar from a Scruple to half a Dram give it in a spoonful of distill'd water or some other Vehicle Take Powder of Crabs Claws Compound from a Scruple to half a Dram give it after the same manner The Bezoartick Powder is made after this manner Take Powder of the Roots of Contrayerva of Crabs Claws simple of each two Ounces Pearl both sorts of Coral white Amber Crabs Eyes Hartshorn Crystal prepar'd of each an Ounce Occidental Bezoar Lemnian Earth of each half an Ounce Ceruse of Antimony two Ounces Cochenele half an Ounce Ambergreece a Dram and a half Musk half a Dram Make a subtle Powder and let it be form'd into little round Balls with the Gelly of the Skins of Vipers the Dose it from a Scruple to a Dram. Take of this Bezoartick Powder a Scruple Powder of Toads prepar'd six Grains Make a Powder give it in a spoonful of Treacle water 2. Bolus's which have for their Basis the integral parts of some mixt made in the form of an Electuary Extract or Conserve Take of Mithridate from half a Dram to a Dram of the Bezoartick Powder from a Scruple to half a Dram Syrup of the Juice of Citrons what will suffice make a Bolus Instead of Mithridate you may put Treacle or Diascordium or Confectio Liberantis de Hyacintho So likewise Bezoar powdred or the Roots of Contrayerva and the Powders of the like things may supply the place of the Bezoartick Powder Take of the Extract of Treacle from half a Dram to a Dram of the Bezoartick Powder a Scruple Make a Bolus Take of the Extract of Carduus half a Dram Bezoartick Powder a Scruple Salt of Wormwood fifteen Grains with a sufficient quantity of the Syrup of the Juice of Citrons Make a Bolus 3. Potious which have for their Basis common decoctions of Vegetables or Infusions and Tinctures Take Roots of Butter-burr an Ounce Seeds of the same two Drams Eringo Roots Condited six Drams Carduus Seeds two Drams boil all in a pound of fountain water till half be consum'd In the cleer straining dissolve of Mithridate half a Dram or two Scruples Let it be taken warm in Bed After the like manner the Leaves of Carduus the Flowers of Marigolds or Cammomile may be boild in a sufficient quantity of Posset-drink of which six or eight Ounces may be given warm either alone or with some Powder Electuary or other Diaphoretick added to it 4. Diaphoretick Infusions and Tinctures of divers kinds may be prepar'd by extracting the vertues of simple Vegetables and Confections with Wine Vinegar or distill'd water which afterwards being strain'd and clarified by setling are often given with success To this place ought to be referr'd the Bezoartick waters Wines and Vinegars prepar'd by Infusion the forms of which are every where
is apt continually to be fus'd and precipitated into Serosities The Pores of the Body in the mean time being open and free for an Evacuation by Sweat Now the Blood is so apt to fusions and flowings for the most part from a predominancy of a Fluid or Acid Salt in it and sometimes the Nervous Juice growing sharp empties its Acid superfluities into the Blood and so precipitates its Mass into Serosities This excessive Sweating does not only arise from the vitiated Crasis and Fermentation of the Blood but sometimes from its depraved Accension and through an excess of Sulphur in it as sometimes through a deficiency of it In order to the Cure of this Over-Sweating the Therapeutick intentions must be chiefly these three First To take away or correct the ill habit or weakness of the humours Secondly gently to close the Pores of the Skin which are too open Thirdly To derive the Serum of the Blood and the watry superfluities to the Reins 1. The first of these is perform'd by those Remedies which destroy the predominancy of the Acid Salt in the Blood or Nervous Juice and which promote the Exaltation of the Sulphur if haply it grows weak for which ends Anti-scorbuticks Chalybeats Also medicines endow'd with a Volatile Nitrous or Alchalisate Salt most commonly prove effectual I shall set down certain forms of each of these Take Conserve of the Flowers of Cichory and Fumitory of each two Ounces Powder of Ivory Hartshorn Coral prepar'd of each a Dram Pearl half a Dram Species of Diarrhodon Abbatis a Dram Lignum Aloes Saunders both red and yellow of each half a Dram Sal Prunella four Scruples with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Fumitory make an Electuary Give the quantity of a Wallnut in the Evening and the next Morning drinking after it either of the following Julap or distill'd water three Ounces Take the Waters of Fumitory and Wallnuts simple of each six Ounces the Waters of Snails and Earth-worms of each an Ounce Sugar six Drams Mix them make a Julap Take tops of Firr Tamarisk Cypres of each four handfuls of Myrtle two handfuls Leaves of Watercresses Brooklimes Agrimony St. Johnswort Harts-Tongue Fluellen or Speedwel of each three handfuls the outward Coats of twelve Oranges Being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of Brumswick Beer eight pounds distill it in common Organs Let the whole Liquor be mixt and sweeten it at pleasure the Dose three Ounces twice a day Take Leaves of Dandelion Watercresses Plantain Brooklimes of each three handfuls being bruis'd pour to them of the distill'd water above written a pound wring it forth hard The Dose is from three to four Ounces in the Morning at Nine of the Clock and at Five in the Afternoon According to this method I use to prescribe in a failing of strength and Night-sweats after long Agues and if these remedies do no good we must come to Chalybeates Take Syrup of Steel six Ounces let a spoonful be taken in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon with three Ounces of the Water above prescrib'd Take Powder of Ivory of Coral prepar'd of each two Drams Crocus Martis Salt of Steel of each a Dram and a half Make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram twice a day with three Ounces of the same distill'd water Take Tincture of Salt of Tartar an Ounce The Dose is from twenty to thirty Drops twice a day with the distill'd water After the same manner may be given the Tincture of Coral and Tinctures prepar'd out of Gums and Balsams Moreover in these cases the Spirits of Hartshorn Vrine and Se et are given given with success The second intention for the Cure of excessive Sweating consisting in a due state of the Pores is perform'd in a manner only by outward Administrations For which end let the whole Body be anointed with Oyl of Date-kernels with an Oyntment of Orange Flowers and the like and let Linnen done over a little with the same be worn sometimes Bathing in cold Water or in a River sometimes change of Air may do well It seems here proper to speak a little of a certain troublesome Distemper relating to Sweating or at least to an excessive perspiration I often observe that some Persons have their Bodies so disposed that if upon any occasion the least Breath of Wind or Air comes upon them their Spirits are presently in a mighty trouble all their Powers are in a Consternation and their whole Body is discompos'd This extream tenderness in some Persons more than in others to take cold or to be offended with it happens either through the fault of the Animal Spirits or of the Blood or of the Pores of the Body to wit of one of them or of more of them together 1. First The Animal Spirits are sometimes in fault because being very weak they are not able to endure any thing harsh or rough outwardly pressing upon them but presently upon the appulse of the bare Air are put to flights and distractions And sometimes this Indisposition happens through their fault for that being degenerated and become of an eager restless and uneasie disposition they are put into disorder upon every such pressure of Air. Wherefore those who by reason of the Spirits so dispos'd become Hypochondriacal being also subject to the Affect before mention'd on every little occasion are troubled with Cold. 2. The Blood disposes to a habit of depraved Perspiration in a two-fold manner viz. both in respect of its temperament and of its mixture As to this latter oftentimes the Texture of the Blood is so loose and open that upon every light accident and espccially upon the appulse of a cold moist Air it 's presently stirr'd to fluxions and precipitations of Serosities insomuch that Persons who have such Blood dare not step forth of doors nay scarce look forth Again the Mass of Blood being often hot in its temper and very full of vapours Breaths forth Effluvia's very sharp and penetrative by which the Pores of the Skin being too much loosned and laid wide open the Spirits and the Vital Flame are expos'd to the injuries of the naked Air and the Winds more than they ought 3. The ill constitution of the Pores gotten either by sickness or other ways or being natural from our Birth very much inclines to that habit of depraved Sweating For in regard those passages being too wide do always in a manner gape the Blood and Spirits in the whole Body or in certain parts of it are not sufficiently guarded against the encounter of the outward Air. The Intentions for Curing this Distemper are chiefly these three ' viz. first to help the weaknesses or dejections or depauperations of the Blood and Spirits Secondly To take away their Dyscrasies if they have any Thirdly To procure a due Confirmation of the Pores The chief stress of this business consists in the first intention which regards the strengthning of the Animal Spirits and the inlargement of the whole sensitive Soul for
unless the Patients resolve to take courage so as to attempt to go abroad to set forth their strength to their utmost and accustome nature daily to inure it self to hardship all medicines prove useless Wherefore a plentiful and cheerful way of living are no less necessary than Physick that thereby the stock of Animal Spirits may be daily renew'd and increas'd and so confirm'd in strength by greater practices now and then insisted on for which ends strong Wines with good Dishes of meat are very proper Moreover all Studies and Cares with which the Soul is deprest being laid aside let the time be past in idleness and recreatious or in moderare exercises As by such a kind of living duly ordered the Animal Spirits are greatly refresh'd so it repairs the decay and depauperations of the Blood For the same ends also the following Medicines may be given with good effect Take Spirit of Amber Armonicacated what suffices fifteen or twenty drops be taken in the Evening and the next Morning in aspoonful of the following distill a water drinking after it nine spoonfuls of the same Take Leaves of Sage Rosemary Time Savory Marjoram Costmary of each four handfuls Roots of Angelica and Master-wort of each six Ounces of Zedoary the lesser Galingal Calamus Aromaticus Florence Orris of each an Ounce and a half Cubebs anOunce and a half Nutmegs Cloves Cinnamon of each an Ounce the outward Coats of twelve Oranges and of six Limmons being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of Whitewine and Canary of each four pounds Distil it in common Organs let the whole liquor be mixt and sweetn'd with Sugar perlated In the distilling hang in the head of the Alembick a Nodulus with a Scruple of Amber-greece in it and half a Scruple of Musk. Take Tincture of Antimony or of the Balsam of Tolu an Ounce let fifteen or twenty drops be taken in the Morning at Nine a Clock and at Five in the Afternoon in a spoonful of the water before prescrib'd drinking after it three Ounces of the same or rather in the Morning drink after it a Dish of Tea or Cofee or Chocholate prepar'd of a Decoction of Sage A little before Dinner drink a Glass of Sherry Sack When these things have been used some time and you think good to intermit them take the following things in their place Instead of the Spirit take a Dose of the following Electuary in the Evening and early in the Morning with the distill'd water or Viper Wine Take of wet preserv'd Citron Pills an Ounce and a half Mirobalans Condited an Ounce Nutmegs Ginger Candied of each half an Ounce Confection of Hyacinth Alchermes of each three Drams Pearl prepar'd red Coral prepar'd of each a Dram and a half with the Syrup of the Juice of Kermes make an Electuary Let the ordinary drink be a Physick Ale made after the following manner viz. into a vessel of four Gallons put the following bag Take an Old Cock half boil'd and mash'd Leaves of Sage and Harts-Tongue dry'd of each two handfuls six Dates slic'd Raspings of Sassafras two Ounces being slic'd and bruis'd mix them put them in a little bag and hang it in a Vessel after it had done working The second intention which undertakes to correct the Dyscrasies or depraved dispositions of the Blood and Spirits is perform'd by the same Remedies as in the Hypochondriacal distemper and Melancholy Wherefore the prescripts which I formerly gave for the Cure of those affects may serve here As to the third intention which for keeping the Pores in a due State ordains a meet way of Government as to cloathing the Air the Fire c. there is little left for a Physician to do for commonly every Patient will be his own Councellour as to these things There is only one kind of advice which they are apt to receive and is wont to do them good viz. that they change their habitation by which often the Mind is also chang'd for those that are never so much addicted to keep themselves pen'd up in a Chamber or in Bed when they travel into foreign Countries where they breath a warmer and more serene Air It 's almost incredible in how short a time they recover So much concerning this depraved Perspiration which has not been touch'd by others There remains yet a third kind of this immoderate Sweating which is not as the first the Symptom or effect of another present or past Disease but it self first beginning is either a Disease of it self or the parent of some Morbid affect To the first sort chiefly belongs the Pestilential Sweat which was heretofore call'd Sudor Anglicus But I shall not now go about to prescribe Medicines for a Disease which I hope will never return CHAP. IX Instructions concerning Cordial Medicines and Alexipharmicks or Preservatives against Venome with Prescripts of them IF the thing be duly considered the notion of Cordial Medicines was not well introduc'd but is a meer vulgar errour for since it is not the Heart which is the Subject of Life but chiefly and in a manner only the Blood and in regard the Soul it self on whose existence and act in the Body Life depends is founded partly in the Blood and partly in the united stock of Animal Spirits it plainly sollows that Medicines which preserve Life entire or restore it when in danger do rather and more immediately regard these parts of the Soul to wit the Blood and Animal Spirits than the Heart which is a meer Muscle serving for the Circulation of the Blood and as often as it slackens in performing this duty or gives it off This does not happen through its own fault but through that of the Blood and Animal Spirits by which it is actuated Therefore to know the ways and manners of working of those Medicines which are call'd Cordials we must consider these two things viz. First how many and particularly what ways the Blood being ill dispos'd and often endangered either as to its accension or mixture requires Physical helps which may preserve or correct it Secondly after what manner by reason of a defect or delinquency in the Animal Oeconomy the Heart is hindred or perverted from its due motion so that Medicines are Indicated which encrease the stores of the Spirits and better compose them To be well instructed concerning these things read Dr. Willis at large The Kinds and Prescripts of Cordials A Ccording to what is said before we distinguish Cordial Medicines commonly so call'd into two kinds some of them chiefly and more immediately affect the Blood others the Animal Spirits In the first rank of those that are design'd for regulating the accension of the Blood we place those which by encreasing or exalting its Sulphureous Particles cause its over-cold and slow moving Liquor to boil more to be more freely kindled and to burn with more life of which kind are good Wines Compound strong-Strong-waters distill'd the Spirit and Tincture of Saffron Quercitans Elixir of Life
Citron Pills Make an Electuary the Dose is the quantity of a Nutmeg in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon drinking after it of the following Julape three Ounces and walking upon it Take water of the Leaves of Wake Robin a pound of Pennyroyal and Hyssop of each four Ounces Sugar an Ounce Mix them make a Julape Take of the Tincture of Antimony an Ounce the Dose is from twenty to five and twenty drops twice a day with the said Julape Moreover amongst these we may place the Tincture of Steel and its Syrup also Elixir proprietatis with many others Secondly The panting of the Heart which is more frequent and much more violent happens through some fault in the Arteries belonging to the Heart which fault is either an Obstruction or a Convulsive affect The first default for the most part is continual and often incurable but especially if it arises from Consumptive Lungs or because the Roots of the Arteries are half stop'd or compress'd by reason of some Tuberculum or bony Excrescency in them And in this case all that can be done is to give some ease now and then by Hypnoticks Moreover it is not improbable that the Arteries sometimes are almost fill'd up with Polypous Concretions engendred in them and sometimes within the Cavities of the Heart it self and that thereby the free passage of the whole current of Blood is hindred but as it is diffcult to be satisfied when this is so so it is as rare to find a Cure for it When there is a suspicion of it Saline Medicines seem to be most proper and of those we must give such as have a Volatile or Acid Salt but we must not give them together but for a time those which failing of success try the others Take Spirit of Sal Armoniack Compound viz. distill'd with Millepedes or with other Anti-Asthmaticks three Drams the Dose is from fifteen drops to twenty thrice a day with the Julape or some proper distill'd water After the same manner you may try the Spirits of Hartshorn Soot Blood and of an old Scull Take Spirit of Sea Salt or of Vitriol distill'd and often Cohobated with the Spirit of Wine impregnated with Pneumonick Herbs three Drams the Dose is from fifteen drops to twenty after the same manner for these purposes the Spirits of Tartar Guaiacum and of Box are often us'd The panting of the Heart is very often a Convulsive affect and wont to be produc'd from the like Cause and manner of affecting as other Hypochondriack and Asthmatick affects and its Cure also ought to be attempted by Antispasmodick Remedies but a cholce of them must be made with some difference according as the Disease happens in a hot or cold temperament In respect of the former the following Medicines may be prescrib'd Take Spiritus succini Armoniaci three Ounces the Dose is from fifteen Drops to twenty twice a day with the Julape or some proper distill'd water After the same manner may be given interchangeably the Tincture of Tartar of Steel or of Antimony Of the trembling of the Heart and its Cure THe trembling of the Heart is an effect distinct from its panting or Palpitation and of a different nature from it for in that its carneous and moving Fibres seem affected by themselves nor does the Morbifick Cause as in the other affect seem to lie in the Blood or in the Arteries of the Heart The trembling of the Heart may be well describ'd to be a Spasmodick Convulsion or rather a trepidation of its flesh by which the moving Fibres hastily and only half contracted cause most swift turns of the Systoles and Diastoles but broken and as it were at halfs so that the Blood is brought into and carried forth of the Sinus 's of the Heart only in very small Portions As to the method of Cure to be us'd in the trembling of the Heart since this affect is meerly Convulsive therefore they are not Cordial Remedies but rather Cephalicks and Nervous Medicines that are Indicated which nevertheless according to the temperament and constitution of the Patient must be either more hot or moderate or now of this now of that nature To comprehend all in a few words since there are three sorts of Mecines that are wont to be mighty successful in this Distemper viz. testaceous Medicines Chalybeates and such as are endow'd with a volatile Salt I shall here briefly set down certain forms of each of these and their use Therefore in the first place a provision being made for the whole by evacuatives and a choice being made of that sort of Medicine which promises best you may prescribe as follows Take Coral prepar'd Pearl of each two Drams both Bezoars of each half a Dram white Amber two Scruples Amber-greece a Scruple Make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram twice or thrice a day with a distill'd water or some proper Julape Take Powder of Crabs Claws Compound two Drams Powder of Male Peony Roots and of Mans Scull prepar'd of each a Dram Flowers of Male Peony of Lillies of the Valley of each half a Dram Make a Powder to be taken after the same manner Take Ivory red Coral powdered of each three Drams Species Diambrae a Dram double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of water of Navews and boil'd to a consistency for Tablets seven Ounces Make Tablets according to Art weighing half a Dram let one or two be eaten often in a day as the person pleases Take Conserve of the Flowers of Lillies of the Valley six Ounces Powders of Coral prepar'd Pearl Ivory Crabs Eyes of each a Dram and a half Vitriol of Mars a Dram Syrup of Coral what suffices Make an Electuary the Dose is from a Dram to two Drams twice a day drinking after it a draught of the following Julape Take the water of Navews and of whole Citrons of each six Ounces of Orange Rines distill'd with Wine two Ounces Sugar half an Ounce Make a Julape Take of our Syrup of Steel six Ounces the Dose is a spoonful in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon with two Ounces of the Julape before written leaving out the Sugar or with distill'd water Take Powder of Ivory and of Coral of each two Drams and a half Species Diambrae a Dram Salt of Steel two Drams Sugar eight Ounces Amber-greece dissolv'd half a Scruple Make Tablets weithing half a Dram the Dose is three or four Drams twice a day Take fresh Strawberies eight pounds the outward Coats of twelve Oranges fresh Filings of Iron half a pound being bruis'd together pour to them eight pounds of Wine let them ferment in a Pot close cover'd for twenty four hours then distill it in common Organs Take Spirit of Hartshorn or of Blood or the like three Drams The Dose is twenty drops twice a day with a fit Vehicle Take Flowers of Sal Armoniack Coral prepar'd of each two Drams The Dose is a Scruple twice a day Take
Classes and those are Mixtures Linctus's Lohoch's Tinctures Balsams Troches Lozenges Powders Pills Decoctions and distill'd Waters We shall set before you some Examples of each of these to which also may be added some of the forms of the Medicines prescrib'd before for a beginning Cough and not yet arriv'd to a Phthisick 1. Magistral Mixtures and Syrups TAke of our Syrup of Diasulphur three Ounces Water of Earth-worms an Ounce Tincture of Saffron two Drams Mix them take a spoonful going to Bed and early in the Mornign Take Syrup of the Juice of Ivy three Ounces Snail water an Ounce Flowers of Suslphur a Dram Mix them by shaking them together the Dose is a spoonful Evenings and Mornings Take Tincture of Sulphur two Drams Laudanum Tartariz'd a Dram Syrup of the Juice of Ivy two Ounces Cinnamon water two Drams The Dose is a spoonful at Bed time and if the Person does not sleep towards Morning The Syrup of Diasulphur TAke Sulphur prepar'd after our manner half an Ounce the best Canary Wine two pounds Make a close digestion in B. M. or in Sand for twenty eight hours Which being done take double refin'd Sugar two pounds dissolve it and boil it to a consistency for Tablets in a little Water of Elder Flowers then pour to this by little and little the Wine ting'd with the Sulphur whilst warm let it boil a little on the fire scumming it and strain it through Woollen You will have a mest delicate Syrup of a Gold colour and of great efficacy against the Cough and other affects of the Lungs so there be no bayling heat of the Praecordia nor Hectick Feaver the Dose is a spoonful Evenings and Mornings by it self or with other Pectorals Syrup of Garlick TAke Cloves of Garlick Pill'd and out in slices in number ten or twelve Anniseeds bruis'd half an Ounce Elecampane Roots slic'd three Drams Licorice two Drams let them have a close and warm digestion for two or three days in a pound and a half of spirit of Wine put the clear and warm straining into a silver-dish add of double refin'd Sugar a Pound and a half the Dish being put on hot Coals let the liquor be set on fire and whilst it burns stir it sirain it through Woollen and keep it for use Syrup of Turnips TAke Turnips slic'd and double refin'd Sugar of each half a pound put them in a glaz d Pot a lay of Turnips and a lay of Sugar till it be full Let the Pot being cover'd with Paper be put into an Oven to Bake with Bread when it is taken out press forth the Liquor and keep it for use The Dose is a spoonful Mornings and Evenings Syrup of Snails TAke fresh Snails with their shells in number Forty cleanse them with a Linnen Cloath then each of them being run through with a Bodkin let the Apertures of the shells be fill d with Powder of Sugar Candy and being put in a Linnen Bag let them be hung up in a Cellar and let a Glass Vessel be set under them to receive the Syrup which will drop from them The Dose of this is a spoonful twice or thrice a day in a fit Vehicle viz. Aqua lactis or some Pectoral Decoction 2.3 Linctus's and Eclegma's TAke Conserve of red Roses three Ounces Tincture of our Sulphur two Drams Mix them by stirring them in a Glass Mortar the Dose is the quanticy of a Nutmeg at Night and early in the Morning Sometimes to allay a troublesome Cough you may add to this of Olibanum half a Dram or a Dram. Take Conserve of red Roses four Ounces Flowers of Sulphur four Scruples fine Oyl of Turpentine a Dram Species of Fox Lungs three Drans Syrup of the Juice of ground Ivy what suffices Make a soft Lohoch to be taken after the same manner viz. Mornings and Evenings also to be suck'd at other times with a stick of Licorice Take Powder of Sugar Candy four Drams Tincture of Sulphur two Drams Mix them by stirring them in a Glass Mortar let it be taken after the same manner Instead of the Tincture of Sulphur you may put other Balsamick Tinctures as of Balsam of Peru of Opobalsamum of the Gum of Ivy Guaiacum Amber with many others which may be mixt either in Conserve of red Roses or with Conserve of the Flowers of Colts-foot or with Sugar Candy 4.5 Tinctures and Balsams of the same nature and composition as we have preserib'd before in a beginning Cough are proper in a Phthisick only the Dose must be a little larger Take of Tar an Ounce Water of quick Lime thrice Cohobated two pounds distil them in Balneo to half Then let the filtrated Liquor be drawn off in Balneo to the consistency of honey to which pour Tincture of Salt of Tartar half a pound Let it digest in a close Glass to extract the Tincture The Dose is from twenty drops to thirty with a proper Vehicle After the like manner a Tincture in gotten out of the black Oyl of Soot Liquid Amber Liquid Storax and many other things Take of our Sulphur prepar'd with the addition of Myrrh Aloes and Olibanum in a subtriple quantity an Ounce Let a Tincture be drawn off with Oyl of Turpentine also with Rectified Spirit of Wine The Dose of this is from fifteen drops to twenty 6.7.8 Troches Tablets and Powders because chiefly directed for the Cough are in a manner of the same Nature and Composition with those before prescrib'd for that affect when new taken only that for drying and consolidating the Lungs Sulphureous and Traumatick ingredients are requir'd in a greater proportion Take Powder of the Leaves of ground Ivy a Dram Flowers of Sulphur two Drams Sugar Penids a Dram and a half Juice of Licorice diluted with Hyssop-water what suffices Make Troches weighing half a Dram. Take Powder of Yarrow bruis'd and dry'd in the hot Sun half a Dram Flowers of Sulphur Olibanum powdred of each a Dram Powder of red Roses dry'd half a Dram Sugar dissolv'd and boil'd to a consistency for Tablets six Drams Oyl of Anniseeds a Scruple Make Tablets weighing half a Dram. Take one thrice or oftner in a day and especially at night and early in the morning 9. Pills TAke Juice of ground Ivy Clarified in the Sun a pound Flowers of Colts-foot dry'd tops of Hyssop Sage Penny-royal of each a handful Anniseeds Carraway-seeds sweet Fennel-seeds bruis'd of each half an Ounce distill them in Balneo Mariae to half then strain it and distill the straining to the consistency of Pills adding Juice of Licorice half a Dram Powder of Elecampane Roots Flowers of Sulphur of each three Drams Flowers of Benzoin a Dram Balsam of Peru half a Dram Tincture of Sulphur three Drams Laudanum Tartariz'd two Drams Make a Mass form it into small Pills and take three or four at night and early in the Morning 10. Decoctions such as we have before prescrib'd for an obstinate Cough may be also properly taken in a
Spirit of Vitriol of Mars half a Scruple take it after the same manner Take Barley water with madder Roots boil'd in it a pound and a half Put into it when grown pretty cold of red Rose Leaves a handful Add Spirit of Vitriol a Scruple let there be a close and warm infusion for three hours Make a Tincture to the straining add Syrup of the Juice of St. Johns wort an Ounce and a half Take three or four Ounces thrice or four times in a day Take of the Decoction of the Roots of fresh Nettles a pound and a half Seeds of white Poppies and of Henbane of each two Drams Melon seeds pill'd six Drams Make an Emulsion according to Art sweetned with Sugar Penids The Dose is three Ounces three or four times a day 3. Juices of Herbs and Juicy Expressions TAke Juice of Plantain Leaves half a pound Let two or three Drams be taken thrice a day with three Ounces of the distill'd Water above written and sweeten it at pleasure Take Leaves of fresh Nettles Plantain the lesser Daisy of each three handfuls being bruis'd together pour to them of Purslain water six Drams Wring it forth hard take it as the former 4. Powders and Pills TAke Powder of Blood-stone of Dragons Blood ground on a Marble with Rose-water and of Pearl of each a Dram Bole Armeniack Terra Lemnia of each half a Dram Troches of Winter Cherries two Drams Make a Powder divide it into twelve parts let one part be taken thrice a day with the distill'd water above written Take of the Seeds of Henbane and white Poppies of each ten Drams Terra Sigillata red Coral of each five Drams Sugar of Roses three Ounces Make a Powder the Dose is a Dram Morning and Evening This Composition brought into a soft Consistency with some proper Syrup is call'd Helidaeus's Electuary so Famous heretofore in Germany The foresaid Powders may also be made into convenient Pills and Tablets by adding the Solution of Tragacanth or some fit Syrup The spungy Excrescency usually growing to the fruit of the Dog-Rose Tree made into Powders and given twice a day to the quantity of half a Dram is a very good remedy in spitting Blood Take Yarrow bruis'd and dry'd in the Summer Sun what you think good Make it into a fine Powder and keep it in a Glass for Vse The Dose is from half a Dram to a Dram twice a day in a fit Vehicle The Powder of Julius Caesar Scaliger or rather of Serapion is mightily commended The Dose is four Drams twice or thrice a day 5. Lohoch's and Electuaries TAke Conserve of red Roses and of the Dog-Rose of each two Ounces Powder of the Seeds of the white Poppy and of Henbane of each two Drams Species Diatragacanthi frigidi a Dram and a half Blood-stone Sanguis Draconis prepar'd of each half a Dram Syrup of red Poppies what suffices Make an Electuary let the quantity of a Chesnut be taken Evenings and Mornings and at other times suck it with a stick of Licorice Take Conserve of the Flowers of great Comphrey and of Water-Lillies of each an Ounce and a half Troches of Winter Cherries and Diatragacanthum frigidum of each a Dram and a half Syrup of Jujubes what suffices Make a soft Lohoch of which take often with a stick of Licorice Take of the White of an Egg well beaten two Drams Lucatellus's Balsam half an Ounce Troches of Winter Cherries two Drams Syrup of red Poppies what suffices Make a soft Lohoch take the quantity of a Chesnut Morning and Evening The Second Indication being for preservation suggests to us those Remedies which keeping the Blood in a just temper and the Lungs in a due Conformation provide against a relapse of Spitting Blood and an ensuing Consumption such as regard the Blood are either gentle Evacuatives by Seige Urine and Sweat or meer Alteratives Every one of these are wont to be prescrib'd either in the Form of a Drink Powder Electuary or Pills We shall set down some Select Forms of some of the chief of them 1. As to Evacuatives a gentle Purge may sometiems be ordered after this manner Take of the best Sena three Drams Cassia bruis'd with the Fistula an Ounce Tamarinds three Drams Coriander-seeds a Dram and a half Boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain water to fix Ounces to the straining add Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb an Ounce Clarify it with the White of an Egg. Or Take Gereons Decoction of Senna four Ounces Purging Syrup of Apples an Ounce Mix them and make a Potion For preserving the Blood in a good temper and that its dreggy Excrements deriv'd from the Lungs may be continually discharg'd by Sweat and Urine the following Alteratives or some of them must be constantly taken which being also of a healing Nature relieve Lungs that are infirm or dissolv'd in their Unity For ordinary Drink let it be pure Water especially in a hot Constitution or water a little ting'd with Claret Wine Those with whom this Drink does not agree may use with as good success a Bochet of China and Sarsa with the shavings of Ivory Hartshorn and white Saunders in it or sinall Beer or Ale with the Leaves of Harts Tongue Oak of Hierusalem and the like infus'd in it Let Pectoral Decoctions or Hydromels with temperate Traumatick Herbs be taken twice or thrice a day to six or seven Ounces Take Roots of fresh Nettles and Chervil of each an Ounce Leaves of Harts Tongue Speedwel Mous-ear Ground Ivy St. John's-wort of each a handful Boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds adding Raisms stone'd an Ounce and a half Licorice two Drams to the straining add Syrupus Byzantinus two Ounces Clarifie it with the White of an Egg Make an Apozem to be taken to four or six Ounces twice or thrice a day for a Month. In a cold or Phlegmatick Constitution the Licorice and Raisins being omitted with the Syrup add towards the end two Ounces of the best Clarified Honey strain it and keep it for use The Dose is the same as the former Let these things sometimes be taken betwixt whiles with a distill'd water appropriated to the same end which also may be more frequently taken by some Persons to whom Apozems are nauseous and loathsome Take Cypress Tops Leaves of ground Ivy of each six handfuls Snails half boil'd a pound and a half All the Saunders bruis'd of each an Ounce Being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of new Milk eight pounds distil it with common Organs The Dose is three or four Ounces with a spoonful of Syrup of the Juice of ground Ivy twice a day 2. In respect of the Lungs viz. that the Union of its parts and the due Conformation of the whole may be preserv'd without any obstruction or opening of its Vessels temperate Balsamicks are of chiefest use For this end Lucatellus Balsam is perscrib'd even by the vulgar to be taken constantly and for a
and Baum of each four Ounces Powder of a Boars Tusk a Dram Syrup of Violets ten Drams Make a Julape and take it after the same manner Take Grass Roots three Ounces shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each three Drams Raisins ston'd an Ounce and a half Licorice two Drams boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds to the straining add Syrup of Violets an Ounce Sal Prunella a Dram Make an Apozeme take to three or four Ounces thrice a day For the same Intention viz. that the emptied Vessels may withdraw the matter maintaining the Disease or may drink up again the Morbifick matter it self a Purge also is prescrib'd by some In the Practise of the Ancients it was a thing in constant use after bleeding to Order Preparatives and Purgers against this Disease as well as against most others And Chymists of late with a greater confidence give Vomits and cry them up before all other Remedies in a Peripneumonia Nay further neglecting bleeding or forbidding it they lay the chief stress of their Cure in Antimonial Emeticks though I know not whether any thing can be imagin'd more pernicious than that their rash proceeding In rustick and robust Bodies sometimes this Medicine is given without harm but in tender Constitutions it may be reckon'd little Inferiour to poyson And as to purging though it be not proper in the very beginning but in a manner always does harm yet the Morbifick matter ceasing to flow to the part and the effervescence of the Blood being appeas'd you may empty the Body gently with a Purging Medicine Take Gereons Decoction of Sena four Ounces Syrup of Roses Solulutive and Ounce Mix them make a Potion Take the best Sena three Drams whole Cassia Tamarinds of each half an Ounce Coriander-seeds two Drams Boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain water to six Ounces to the straining add Syrup of Violets an Ounce Clarifie it with the White of an Egg and give it Let not Purges be given always nor ever in this Disease without consideration but Glysters must be given frequently nay for the most part every day but let them be only Lenitive and Emollient so that they gently loosen the Belly without much stirring the Blood and Humours For this end Milk or Whey with brown Sugar or Syrup of Violets often do well Or Take the Leaves of both Mallows Melilot and Mercury of each a handful Linseed and sweet Fennel-seeds of each half an Ounce sweet Prunes in number six Boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain water to a pound to which add Syrup of Violets an Ounce Sugar ten Drams Sal Prunella a Dram Make a Glyster 3. Medicines for the Third Intention viz. For dissolving the clamminess of the Blood are usually given in the Form of a Powder Spirit Draught or Bolus according to the Forms following 1. Powders TAke Crabs Eyes powdred two Drams Sal Prunella a Dram and a half Sugar of Pearl a Dram Make a Powder divide it into six parts take one every sixth hour with some proper Julape or Apozeme Take Powder of a Boars Tusk or of the Jaw-bone of a Pike Crabs Eyes of each a Dram and a half Flowers of Sal Armoniack Powder of red Poppy Flowers of each half a Dram Mix them for four Doses 2. Chymical Spirits and Liquors TAke Spirit of Sal Armoniack distill'd with Olibanum three Drams The Dose is from twelve to fifteen or twenty Drops thrice a Day Take Spirit of Vrine or of Soot three Drams give it after the same manner Take Spirit of sweet Nitre viz. often Cohobated with Spirit of Wine three Drams The Dose is from six drops to ten after the same manner Take Spirit of Tartar half an Ounce The Dose is from fifteen drops to twenty or twenty five with a fit Vehicle Take of the simple Mixture an Ounce The Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram after the same manner 3. Draughts TAke Carduus water a pound fresh Horse-dung three Ounces dissolve it warm and filter it The Dose is three or four Ounces twice or thrice a day adding Syrup of Violets or of red Poppies half an Ounce Take Leaves of Dandelion two handfuls being bruis'd pour to them Water of Ladies Thistle half a pound Treacle water half an Ounce Wring it forth hard to which add Powder of Crabs Eyes a Dram take four or six spoonfuls thrice a day The Fourth Intention of Curing having regard to the most urgent Symptoms suggests to us various preparations of Medicines 1. In respect of the Feaver the Julapes and Apozems before set down are proper Moreover you must frequently use Sal Prunella 2. For the Cough and difficulty of Breathing Linctus's Lohochs and Decoctions or Pectoral Julapes are given with success Take Syrup of Jujubes of Maiden-hair of each an Ounce and a half Syrup of Violets an Ounce Flowers of Nitre a Scruple Make a Linctus to be taken now and then with a stick of Licorice Take Syrup of Dialthea an Ounce Diacodium Syrup of red Poppies of each half an Ounce Crabs Eyes finely powdred two Scruples Make a Linctus to be taken as the other Take Syrup of Hyssop of Licorice of each an Ounce and a half Powder of red Poppy Flowers a Scruple Crabs Eyes a Dram Lohoch de Pino six Drams Mix them make a Lohoch of which take the quantity of a Nutmeg four times or oftner in a day Take Roots of Grass Chervil Marsh-mallows of each an Ounce Figgs in number four Jujubes Sebestens of each in number six Raisins of the Sun an Ounce Licorice three Drams Barley half an Ounce boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds Strain it the Dose is three or four Ounces Take Raisins ston'd an Ounce and a half Filberts slic'd in number four Licorice slic'd three Drams Hyssop-water a pound and a half Make a close and warm Infusion according to art for six hours to the straining add Syrup of Althea an Ounce and a half Make a Julape the Dose is three or four spoonfuls often in a day swallowing it down by little and little 3. Against want of Sleep Take of red Poppy water three Ounces Syrup of the same six Drams Plague water two Drams Make a draught to be taken going to Bed It the Pulse be strong and the strength holds Take Cowslip water three Ounces Syrup of Meconium half an Ounce Mix it and drink it going to Bed 4. If the pain be pressing about the part affected Take of the Oyntment of Marsh-mallows two Ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds an Ounce and a half Mix them for a Liniment to be apply'd with thin Lawn Paper Take Oyntment of Marsh-mallows and the Pectoral Oyntment of each an Ounce and a half Oyl of Linseed fresh drawn a Dram to which add of the Emplaister of Mucilages what suffices Make a Plaister for the Region of the Brest to be apply'd on the part affected Fifthly For the last Intention of Curing
or Alkalisate Salt destroy the Combinations entred into by the Acid sixt and otherwise Morbifick Salts with other more gross Particles In which respect the Eyes and Claws of Crabs the Tusk of a Boar the Stone of Carps the Jaw-bone of a Pike the Bone in the Heart of a Stag the Pisle of a Deer Sal Prunella Salt of Coral the Volatile Salt of Urine or of Hartshorn Powder of Goats Blood Infusion of Horsedung Spirit of Hartshorn of Sal Armoniack Spirit of Tartar Mixtura Simplex Bezoartick Mineral Antimony Diaphoretick Flowers of Sal Armoniack are very famous Remedies in the Pleurisie The Third and Vital Indication which takes care that the strength and Vital heat be preserv'd in their due Tone and State during the Course of the Disease prescribes principally a fit Diet and likewise Cordial Remedies and Anodines and things which seasonably afford Relief to other Symptoms if haply they present First in a true Pleurisie you must order a most thin Diet viz. consisting of meer Oat and Barley-meats and for ordinary drink Ptisan or Posset-drink is more proper than Beer alone though in a mignty thirst this also may be allow'd in a moderate quantity Moreover to quench thirst Julapes Apozemes and Emulsions may be taken at set times to all which let Sal Prunella be added Secondly let only temperate Cordials be given which may gently refresh the Animal Spirits and not add to the Accension of the Blood which burns before too fiercely For these intents the Waters of Ladies Thistle Carduus Benedictus Bawm Borage Cowslips and Black-Cherries are usually given with good success to which the Powders of Pearl and Coral may be added Thirdly Anodines must be used both inwardly to procure sleep if at any time it be very much wanted as also outwardly to ease the pain of the side The most usual things of the former kind are the distill'd water Syrup and Powder of the red Poppy which are accounted Specificks in the Pleurisie as well as in the Peripneumonia Moreover when a very acute pain and watchings press very much we may give also Diacodiats Against Pains Oyntments Fomentations Cataplasms and sometimes the warm Inwards of Animals newly kill'd are proper to be applyed I shall now give you Select Forms of Medicines adapted to each of these Indications First Therefore about the beginning of the Disease to take away the Inflammation Julapes Apozemes Powders Glysters and gentle Purges are wont to be prescrib'd Take Water of Ladies Thistle eight Ounces Water of red Poppies four Ounces Syrup of the same an Ounce Sal Prunella a Dram Make a Julape the Dose is two or three Ounces every third hour Take Grass Roots four Ounces Barley half an Ounce parings of Apples a handful Raisins of the Sun an Ounce Licorice two Ounces boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds To the cleer straining add Syrup of Violets an Ounce and a half Sal Prunella a Dram and a half Make an Apozeme the Dose is two or three Ounces often in a day Take Sal Prunella two Drams Flowers of Nitre a Dram Powder of the Flowers of red Poppies two Scruples Sugar Candy four Scruples Make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram three or four times a day Take of the Decoction of Mallows Roots and all together with sweet Prunes a pound Syrup of Violets three Ounces Sal Prunella a Dram Make a Glyster Take of whole Cassia bruis'd two Ounces Tamarinds an Ounce white Rose Flowers a handful Coriander-seeds two Drams boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain water to a pound To the straining add Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb two Drams Clarify it with the White of an Egg the Dose is five or six Ounces in the Morning for two or three days one after the other Secondly To dissolve the clamminess or coagulating Viscousness of the Blood the following things are of use viz. in the Form of a Drink Powder and Spirit Take fresh Horsedung four Ounces Carduus water a pound and a half make a close and warm Infusion for two hours then filter the Liquor to which add Syrup of the Juice of Dandelion or of Cichory two Ounces Spirit of Sal Armoniack a Dram give five or six spoonfuls three or four times a day For this end Water of Horsedung does admirably well Take Horsedung four pounds Leaves of Carduus Benedictus Ladies Thistle Scabious Pimpernel of each three handfuls being slic'd and mixt together pour to them of fresh Milk six pounds distil them with common Organs The Dose is two or three Ounces either alone or with other distill'd Waters in the Form of a Julape For the same use the Tinctures or Solutions of other Dungs are given by some Physicians and are highly magnifyed by them Helmont deservedly commends in the Pleurisie the Dung of an Ox Panarolus Pidgeons Dung others the White of Hens Dung Epiphanius Ferdinandus usually gave with good success in the Pleurisy the Decoction of Tobacco macerated in new Wine Valeriola used the Decoction of the Flowers of red Poppies as a try'd and familiar Remedy Sylvius prescribes the following mixture to be taken one spoonful after another by little Intervals of time Take the waters of Stone-Parsly and Hyssop of each two Ounces Fennel-water an Ounce simple Treacle water half an Ounce Laudanum Opiatum four Grains Sal Armoniack half a Dram Syrup of red Poppies an Ounce Mix them To this composition Frederick Deckers adds Powder of Crabs Eyes and Bezoartick Mineral of each a Scruple Medicines very efficacious for this use are wont to be given in the Form of a Powder for Example Take Powder of Crabs Eyes two Drams Sal Prunella a Dram and a half red Poppy Flowers half a Dram Mix them make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram three or four times in a day with a fit Vehicle Instead of Crabs Eyes you may use the Powder of the Jaw-bone of a Pike or of a Boars Tusk or of a Stags or Bulls Pisle and if these do not succeed you may try what follows Take Antimony Diaphoretick or its Ceruse or Bezoartick Mineral two Drams Volatile Salt of Hartshorn half a Dram Powder of red Poppy Flowers two Scruples Make a Powder the Dose is a Scruple or half a Dram thrice or oftner in a day It is for the same Intention of Curing that Riverius gives Powder of Chimney Soot from half a Dram to a Dram and that others give the Powder of Pigeons or Hens Dung Nay farther according to this Analogy by which the Dungs of Animals stor'd with a Volatile Salt give relief in this Disease its probable that the Dung of a Dog may prove no less successful in Curing the Pleurisie than in the Squinancy and so much the more likely because these Diseases often interchange their Types and the one assumes the likeness of the other Chymical Liquors endow'd with a Volatile Salt sometimes also work great effects in the Pleurifie Take Spirit of Blood two Drams Red
Poppy water three Ounces Syrup of the same an Ounce Mix them give a spoonful of it every other while Take Spirit of Sal Armoniack distill'd with Olibanum three Drams the Dose is from twelve drops to fifteen or twenty three or four times a day in a fit Vehicle After the same manner you may give Spirit of Vrine of Soot or of Hartshorn Take Spirit of Tartar three Drams The Dose is a Scruple in a fit Vehicle Take Mixtura Simplex three Drams The Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram. 3. As to the Third Indication besides a thin Diet Cordial Remedies and Anodines are prescrib'd Forms of the former kind may be supply'd by the Julapes and Apozemes prescrib'd for the first Indication and by the Spirits and Powders for the Second Inward Anodines to be given in Watchings and in a very Intense pain are prescrib'd according to the Forms following Take red Poppy water two Ounces Syrup of the same six Drams Spirit of Hartshorn twelve drops Make a draught to be taken going to Bed If we must go higher Take Carduus water two Ounces Diacodium from three Drams to half an Ounce or six Drams Spirit of Sal Armoniack with Frankincense half a Scruple Make a draught Sometimes though rarely its necessary to rise to Laudanum's which being seasonably given have a mighty good effect inasmuch as they procure Sleep and move Sweat and Vrine Take water of Cowslip Flowers two Ounces Laudanum Tartariz'd from sixteen drops to twenty Spirit of Blood half a Scruple Syrup of Violets two Drams Mingle them make a draught Outward Anodines are usually prescrib'd in the Form of an Oyntment Fomentation and Cataplasm Take Oyntment of Marsh-Mallows two Ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds an Ounce Album Graecum two Drams Mix them by braying them together Take of the Emplaister of Mucilages two Ounces and a half Malax it with Oyl of Linseed and let it be apply'd upon Lawn Paper Take the tops of Both Malbows Leaves of Mercury and Beets of each three handfuls Boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain water let the straining be us'd for a Fomentation Take the remaining faeces of the Herbs after the Liquor is wrung forth and being bruis'd add to it of Oat-meal six Drams Linseed Fenugreek-seeds of each two Ounces Oyntment of Marsh-Mallows two Ounces Make a Cataplasm I need not go far for Stories and Instances of persons troubled with the Pleurisie for I have a notable Example of this Disease now under Cure viz. a very fine young Woman subject most frequently and as it were habitually to that affect is committed to our care This Virgin who is very fair of a Sanguine Complexion but of a weakly Constitution has been wont for many years past upon every slight occasion viz. upon taking Cold or by errours in any of the six nonnatural things nay sometimes upon the meer change of the Season or of the Air to fall into a Feaver presently accompanied with pains of the Pleura a Cough and a difficulty of Breathing and for the most part horrible Convulsions following them She has been taken so very ill formerly of this Distemper that she has been often forc'd to keep her Chamber six Months or more every year but of late though she be not freed from this affliction yet she is seldomer tormented with it The last year she was pretty well all the Summer and well near all the Autumn about the beginning of Winter she fell sick of that Disease and now towards the end of it is fallen ill again The Pleuritick pain constantly possesses the right side where the Blood sticking and being extravasated in its passage about the Intercostal Muscles the Irritated Fibres commence a most tormenting pain together with a Convulsive motion of Coughing which they reiterate almost perpetually In the mean time the Lungs being found enough and open in their passages readily convey the Blood as clammy as it is without any lett or stay which often is the cause of a Peripneumonia No Remedies are wont to do good to this person without Bleeding which is always so particularly necessary that every time she is ill we are forc'd even whether we will or no to repeat it two or three times nay sometimes oftner The Blood emitted has constantly a Viscous and whitish Film on its surface This Disease was always a simple Pleurisie without any Peripneumonia and for its Cure she constantly us'd the following method with success Take Spirit of Sal Armoniack with Gum Ammoniacum three Drams give from fifteen drops to twenty thrice a day with the following Julape Take Carduus water Black-Cherry water of each six Ounces Hysterick water a Dram Sugar six Drams Betwixt whiles she took a Dose of Powder with three Ounces of an Apozeme Take the Powders of Crabs Eyes of a Bores Tusk of Sal Prunella of each a Dram Make a Powder divide it into six parts Take Grass Roots three Ounces Candied Eringo's an Ounce shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each two Drams parings of Apples a handful Raisins of the Sun an Ounce Boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds add to the straining Syrup of Violets an Ounce Sal Prunella a Dram Mix them make an Apozeme Glisters of Milk with Syrup of Violets were administred sometimes every day and sometimes every other day if at any time Opïats though never so gentle were given her to allay pain commonly afterwards an aking and heaviness of the Head and Convulsive Affects most sorely tormented her CHAP. V. Instructions and Prescripts for the Cure of an Empyema BY the word Empyema according to its usual acceptation is denoted a Collection of Pus or corrupted matter within the Cavity of the Thorax by which the Organs of Respiration are opprest That Pus commonly flowing thither either from a Pleurisie or a Peripneumonia and sometimes haply from a Squinancy suppurated and broken As to the Cure of an Empyema we must in the First place consider whether the signs of this Disease as to the reality of its present Being be certain or doubtful if certain there will not be much need of Physick but only the Body being prepar'd you may presently proceed to open the side Therefore if after a Pleurisie or Peripneumonia not rightly Cur'd or after an inward effusion of Blood occasion'd by a stroak fall or wound there be perceiv'd a floating of Pus or of corrupted or bloody matter within the Cavity of the Thorax and this with little or no Spitting we need no longer think of Maturating or Expectorating Medicines but the Belly being loosen'd and the Blood and humours duly qualified by Julapes Apozemes and Anodines either order a bare Incision or in tender and timorous persons First let a Cautery be apply'd betwixt the sixth and seventh Vertebrae and after the Eschar being rais'd let the Incision Knife be entred obliquely towards the hinder and upper parts and that leisurely and by little and little till it penetrate
into the Cavity of the Thorax and then a little silver Pipe being put in let the matter within contain'd be let forth some at one time and some at another but so that as far as the strength will bear the evacuation of the whole humour be as quick as may be for a portion of it being left within upon frequent admission of air to it will stinch most horridly within a few days to prevent which evil or suddenly to remove it let a vulnerary and adstersive Liquor be injected with a Syringe twice or thrice a day After the Incision is duly perform'd with what else belongs to it well known to skilful Chirurgions there will not be much more left for a Physician to do He must prescribe a proper Diet frequent Glisters to loosen the Belly as often as occasion requires and likewise vulnerary Medicines commonly so call'd which hinder the dissolution of the Blood and its running into Serosities prejudicial to the Brest But if the Signs of this Disease are not certain and as it usually happens when a Peripneumonia or an Impostume of the Lungs precede it are wholly doubtful you must not proceed to an Incision too hastily or inconsiderately For I have known some Spitting forth a purulent matter nay a faetid Pus to whom an Incision of the Thorax has prov'd of no good effect and not without some prejudice Therefore till it shall appear by infallible Signs that it is an absolute Empyema you may use for a while expectorating Medicines such as before prescrib'd for Curing a Peripneumonia and also things gently moving an Evacuation by Urine and Sweat But these at length availing nothing and the Empyema still continuing or encreas'd since it is better so there be strength to try a doubtful Remedy than none you may proceed to the Incision As to Forms of Medicines requisite for Curing an Empyema before the Incision the same Remedies are proper which are prescrib'd for a Peripneumonia but the incision being over the following will be of particular use Against Faintings and Swoonings which happen during that Operation or after it Let the following Julape be always in a readiness to be taken now and then to four or five spoonfuls Take the Waters of Bawm and of Black Cherries of each six Ounces Aqua Mirabilis an Ounce Pearl powdred a Dram Syrup of Clove Gilly-flowers an Ounce Mingle them make a Julape Let the following Decoction be taken three or four times a day TAke Leaves of Harts Tongue Speedwel Agrimony Colts-foot Mous-ear Sanicle of each a handful Roots of Madder and Chervil of each an Ounce Barley half an Ounce red Ciches half an Ounce Raisins of the Sun an Ounce and a half Boil them in four pounds of fountain water till half be consum'd when it is taken let it be sweeten'd at pleasure with Clarified Honey or with Syrup of Mous-ear If there be no Feaver let the following Pills be taken at Night and early in the Morning to a Scruple or half a Dram. Take Powder of Crabs Eyes two Drams Flowers of Sulphur a Dram Sal Prunella half a Dram Species of Diarrhodon Abbatis a Scruple Venice Turpentine wash'd what suffices Make a Mass and form it into Pills or the Turpentine being omitted let the same Medicine be taken in the Form of a Powder from half a Dram to two Scruples twice a day CHAP. VI. Instructions and Prescripts for Curing the Impostume of the Lungs THe Morbifick matter of this Vomica or Impostume of the Lungs is always a meer Pus which nevertheless is there engendred tacitely and as it were unawares without a Feaver or Inflammation and lyes so private that it scarce presents any signs of it self but a little Cough which at first is dry then turns moist which continuing some time the Breath is drawn with some difficulty the Spirits faint and the Body wears away by little and little though in the mean time the Spittle has no Pus or Blood mixt with it But if the Impostume unexpectedly breaks it commonly kills the Patient If after the Impostume is broken and the Purulent Spittle beginning to come away with ease and the strength holding firm there be room for any method of Cure The Primary Indications according to the common custom in most Diseases must be these three viz. Curatory Preservatory and Vital The First directs that the matter of the Impostume be with speed evacuated by Spitting and that the sides of it be cleans'd and made sound again as much as possible The Second provides against a confluence of new matter to the Receptacle and other neithbouring parts of the Lungs whence a Consumption would be engendred The Third relieves the faintings of the Spirits and restores lost strength and the Nutrition which was frustrated In respect of the First Indication expectorating Medicines commonly so call'd and of the hottest and smartest nature which cleanse and dry most and especially since for the most part here is no Feaver Sulphureous things are proper which also are prescrib'd according to the Forms following Take Tincture of Sulphur three Drams give from seven drops to twenty going to Bed and early in the Morning in a spoonful of Syrup of the Juice of ground Ivy Or Take Syrup of our Diasulphur six Ounces give a spoonful at the same hours Take dry'd Leaves of ground Ivy Germander Maiden-hair Coltsfoot Hyssop white Hore-hound Savory of each a handful the Roots of Elecampane Florentine Orris Chervil of each an Ounce Anniseeds half an Ounce Boil them in six pounds of fountain water to three pounds and a half add towards the end white-White-wine six Ounces the best Clarified Honey three Ounces Let the straining be Clarified and kept for use The Dose is six Ounces thrice a day warm Or Take Water of quick Lime six pounds Put it in a large mouth'd Glass with the following Bag. Take dry'd Leaves of Germander ground Ivy white Hore-hound of each a handful Roots of Elecampane and Florentine Orris slic'd of each an Ounce and a half Annisecds bruis'd two Ounces Licorice an Ounce and a half Raisins ston'd three Ounces Let them stand cold and close cover'd pour it out as you use it still leaving the Bag behind Take Lohoch Sanum three Ounces Species Diaireos two Drams and a half Flowers of Sulphur a Dram and a half Oxymel simple two Ounces Make a Linctus to be taken with a stick of Licorice Take Powder of the Leaves of Hedg-musiard and of ground Ivy of each half an Ounce Flowers of Sulphur a Dram and a half Syrup of Diasulphur or of the Juice of Ivy what suffices Make a soft Lâ—hech Take fine Myrrh and white Amber of each half an Ounce Sulphur vivum Auripigment of each two Drams shells of Fistick Nuts a Dram and a half Make a Powder for Fumigation let it be us'd with a Paper Funnel Morning and Evening The Second Indication which is for preservation cutting off the Mortinck matter and providing against the Consumption which is apt
Choice Rhubarb two Drams Agarick Trochiscated half a Dram Cinnamon half a Scruple Ginger half a Scruple Make an Infusion in Whitewine and Succory water of each three Ounces being close cover'd and kept warm for three hours In the straining dissolve Syrup of Rhubarb an Ounce water of Earth-worms two Drams Take Rhubarb powdred from half a Dram to a Dram Salt of Wormwood a Scruple Make a Powder Take Pilulae Ruffi a Scruple Extractum Rudii half a Scruple Make four Pills let them be taken in the Morning with governance repeating them within four or five days In the Third place follow Deopilatives and these are Diureticks or Diaphoreticks of which also some are accounted Specificks for their Similitude of substance these sorts of Medicines both promote the separation of the Choler from the Blood and being separated force its way through the straitest passages and Pores in the Liver Moreover at the same time by fusing the Blood they cause its Serosities and Bilous Excrements to be sent forth in some measure by Sweat and Urine Take Elixir Proprietatis an Ounce give twenty drops in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon with a fit Vehicle After the same manner the Tincture of Antimony or of Salt of Tartar are often given with success also Mixtura Simplex in a greater Dose For Vehicles also for the same Intention of Curing Apozemes distill'd waters and Julapes are proper Take Roots of the greater Celandine stinging Nettles Madder of each an Ounce tops of Sea Wormwood white Horehound dry'd Agrimony Germander of each a handful Worm-seeds two Drams shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each two Drams yellow Saunders a Dram and a half Coriander-seeds two Drams boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds add of Whitewine four Ounces and strain it add Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb two Ounces Water of Earth-worms an Ounce and a half Make an Apozeme the Dose is from four Ounces to six twice a day Take Leaves of white Horehound dry'd of the lesser Centory of each a handful Roots of Gentian and Turmerick of each three Drams Cinnamon a Dram Saffron half a Dram being slic'd let them be put into a Glass with White or Rhenish Wine two pounds Make a close Infusion the Dose is three Ounces To this place belongs the famous Anti-Icterick of Gesner Take Roots of the greater Nettle a pound Saffron a Scruple Bruise them well and extract a Tincture with Whitewine the Dose is three Ounces in the Morning for four or five days Like to the former is that of Fr. Joel Take Roots of the greater Celandine slic'd two handfuls Juniper Berries a handful being bruis'd pour to them of Rhenish Wine a pound and extract the Juice The Dose is four Ounces twice a day The Juice of white Horehound is mightily commended by Dioscorides for the Cure of the Jaundise and its Syrup by Forestus Instead of the Elixir and other Chymical Liquors which are ordered to be taken in a very small quantity to avoid nauseousness You may give more successfully Electuaries Powders and Pills to others of a strong Constitution Take Conserve of Sea Wormwood the outward yellow Coats of Oranges and Limons of each two Ounces Species Diacurcumae an Ounce and a half Powder of Ivory yellow Saunders the Lignum Aloes of each half a Dram Troches of Capers a Dram Troches of Rhubarb half a Dram Salt of Wormwood two Drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb make an Electuary the Dose is the quantity of a Chesnut twice a day drinking after it of the following Julape three Ounces Take Waters of the greater Celandine Fumitory Wormwood simple and of Elder Flowers of each five Ounces Magisterial water of Snails Water of Earth-worms Compound of each two Ounces Sugar half an Ounce Mix them make a Julape Or Take Roots of the greater Nettle Angelica Gentian of each four Ounces the greater Celandine entire six handfuls Wormwood Tansie both Southernwoods of each four handfuls the outward Coats of twelve Oranges and of four Limons Earth-worms prepar'd Snails of each a pound Cloves bruis'd two Ounces being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of Whitewine eight pounds distil it with common Organs Let the whole Liquor be mixt Or Take Filings of Steel a pound fresh Strawberries six pounds put them in a glazed Pot and stir them together and let them stand for a day then add of the Roots of English Rhubarb slic'd a pound the Rinds of four Oranges being slic'd pour to them of Whitewine six pounds and distil them according to art Let the whole Liquor be mixt The Dose of this and the former is three Ounces twice a day after the Electuary or other Medicine Take Powder of the Roots of Turmerick and Rhubarb of each a Dram and a half Rinds of Caper Roots Asarum Roots of each half a Dram Extract of Gentian and Centory of each a Dram and a half Salt of Wormwood four Scruples Seeds of Water-cresses half a Dram of Rocket half a Scruple Elixir Proprietatis a Dram Gum Ammoniacum dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of Water of Earth-worms Make a Mass Form it into little Pills the Dose is half a Dram Evenings and Mornings drinking after it of the distill'd Water three Ounces Sylvius highly commends for the Cure of the Jaundise a Decoction of Hemp-seeds in Milk and a Solution of Soap The Second Indication having regard to the altering or due tempering of the Blood that it engender Choler only in a moderate quantity and duly separate it requires those kinds of Medicines which depress the Sulphur and fixt Salt when too much exalted For these ends I know not by what chance or guidance Medicines endow'd with a Volatile Salt as Earth-worms Snails Millepedes nay Lice the Dungs of Fourfooted Beasts and of Fowl being introduc'd into Practise for Curing the Jaundise are usually given not only by Empyricks but likewise prescrib'd by Physicians of the best account These sometimes by themselves but oftner joyn'd with Evacuatives and Deopilatives enter the chief compositions of Anti-ictericks Fonseca prescribes Goslings Dung gathered in the Spring time and dry'd and also the white Dung of Chickens the Powder of both which is given from half a Dram to a Dram in a fit Vehicle Take Powder of Earth-worms prepar'd Goose dung of each three Drams Ivory yellow Saunders powdred of each half a Dram Saffron a Scruple Make a Powder divide it into six parts for so many Morning Doses with some Liquor fit for the purpose To the Anti-icterick Apozem and Tincture above prescrib'd Earth-worms also Goose-dung and Sheeps-dung are usefully added Take of fresh and live Millepedes in number from fifty to a hundred Saffron half a Scruple Nutmegs a Scruple being bruis'd together pour to them of Celandine water four Ounces water of Earth-worms two Ounces wring it forth hard and drink it After this manner let it be taken first once afterwards twice a day for a Week It s a vulgar and
with common Organs Let all the Liquor be mixt the Dose is three Ounces sweeten it with Sugar or some proper Syrup If a Form of Pills be more grateful the following Ecphractick Extract as the Shops call it seems good Take white and clear Tartar and fresh Filings of Iron of each four Ounces let them be bruis'd together into a Powder then boil it in four pounds of fountain waâ—â—â— to two pounds some use White-wine to the straining add tops of Centory Sea Wormwood and Carduus of each a handful Gentian Roots half an Ounce Species Diacurcumae a Dram and a half let them boil close cover'd for three or four hours then strain it and let the straining evaporate by a gentle Bath heat to a consistency for Pills adding if you please Troches of Rhubarb or Species of Hiera Picra two Drams The Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram made into Pills in the Evening with a fit Vehicle For the same intent viz. to prevent or remove obstructions of the Liver a Purging Physick Ale to be taken Spring and Fall for many days is highly extoll'd by some and diligently us'd by certain Persons every year during their Lives Take Roots of sharp pointed Dock prepar'd and of Polypody of the Oak of each three Ounces Madder two Ounces English Rhubarb two Ounces Leaves of Sena four Ounces Epithymum two Ounces yellow Saunders an Ounce Seeds of Carthamus and Coriander of each an Ounce and a half being slic'd and bruis'd Make a Bag according to art for four Gallons of Ale after six days take to twelve Ounces more or less in the Morning by which you may expect four or five Stools Sine Regimine CHAP. III. Instructions and Prescripts for Curing the Dropsie call'd Ascites THe Dropsie call'd Ascites is a tumour of the Belly caus'd by a Watery Humour contain'd within its Cavity which Humour probably is the Serum of the dissolv'd Blood distilling forth of the Caeliack and Mesenterick Arteries into the Cavity of the Abdomen and especially if it happens that Scirrhous Tumours Glands little Swellings or other praeternatural Concretions are rais'd about the Mesentery Liver Spleen Womb or other Viscera of the Belly for the Circulation of the Blood being stopt in those places the Serous part of it is forc'd from the rest and falls into that Cavity and commonly the Nutritive Juice goes with it wherefore when this Region swells the Members are usually extenuated Nevertheless the Blood is not always dissolv'd in an Ascites as it is in an Anasarca but is sometimes too compact in its Crasis yet so that its forc'd by reason of the Obstructions of the Viscera to depose within the Abdomen its Salt Serum which it could not evacuate by the Pores of the Skin and the Urinary passages It s also likely that the Lacteous or Lymphatick Vessels being sometimes broken or opened fill the Abdomen with a Mass of Water or Chyle I conceive also that this Inundation of the Belly may sometimes arise from the Nervous Liquor distilling gently and insensibly from the Fibres and Membranes And likewise from vapours condens'd within the Cavity of the Body Concerning the Cure of Ascites we must consider by how many possible ways and manners waters gathered together within the Abdomen may be evacuated And we find that the Remedies which according to the ordinary practice of Physick are accounted Hydroticks work that end by Purging by Evacuation by Urine by Sweating and by insensible transpiration and with some Persons you must proceed this way and with others that or the other and if neither of these seem possible or succeed well you must timely think of an Incision I shall now consider each of these ways First therefore Catharticks seasonably given often abate the Tumour of an Ascites and sometimes wholly take it away for asmuch as their Particles irritating the Ventricle and Intestines discuss the Contents and Flatus's of those Viscera and likewise the humours sticking in their Tunicles and Glands and heap'd together in the Vessels and Ductus's of their neighbouring parts and force them partly into to Ductus's of the Intestines and partly send them into the Mass of Blood But it does not succeed thus if at any time this Disease proceeds from a Lympha floating within the Cavity of the Abdomen or from an Inflation or Tympanitical extention of the Membranes because Hydragogues carry forth little or nothing of those waters and if they are strong exasperate and increase the Flatulent Distemper Catharticks accounted Hydragogues are either Emeticks or Purgers 1. The Hydragogue Emeticks of chiefest note are Gum Gutta Esula or Cataputia and diversified preparations of them Also Hercules Bovii Pilulae Lunares 2. The Purgers are Elder and Dwarf Elder Sea Bindweed Hedge Hyssop Juice of Orris Elaterium I shall briefly set down certain Forms and manners of prescribing compounding and giving each of these 1. Gum Gutta is highly extoll'd for Purging Serous humours but in regard being given by it self it mightily disturbs the Stomack and often weakens it therefore to repress a little its excessive and violently Emetick force various ways are contriv'd for preparing it but it s best of all corrected with an Acid Spirit or with an Alchalisate Salt or by throughly tempering and compounding it with Aromaticks Adrian Mynsicht commends its Magistery which is made by dissolving it with Spirit of Wine and then by drawing it off and preciptiating it with fountain water also by dissolving it with Spirit of Wine Vitriolated and Ting'd with Roses and red Saunders and then by evaporating it others prepare it with the fume of Sulphur after the manner of Scammony Sulphurated Others grind it on a Marble moistning it with Oyl of Cinnamon or of Cloves or other Chymical Aromaticks I use most its Solution made with the Tincture of Salt of Tartar The Dos of which is from fifteen Drops to twenty or thirty Take Gummi Gutta six Grains Mercurius Dulcis fifteen Grains Conserve of Violets a Dram and a half Mix them make a Bolus Take Gummi Gutta twelve Grains Salt of Wormwood six Grains Oyl of Mace a Drop Conserve of Damask Roses a Dram Make a Bolus And its wont to be given with Tartar Vitriolated or Cream of Tartar and powdre of Rhubarb Take Gum Gutta sulphurated or vitriolated fifteen Grains Croam of Tartar half a Scruple Extract of Rhubarb a Scruple Oyl of Cinnamon two Drops Make four Pills A Woman of late being ill of a dangerous Ascites and as it seem'd to me in a desperated condition by taking the following Medicines for six days successively grew much better and in a short time after perfectly recovered Take Gum Gutta powdred twelve Grains Oyl of Cinnamon a Drop Syrup of Buckthorn what suffices Make a Bolus let the Dose be encreas'd every day by rising from twelve Grains to twenty Take of our Tincture of Gum Gutta a Scruple water of Earth-worms an Ounce Syrup of Rhubarb half an Ounce Mix them give it Cum Regimine
Make a Mass and form it into Pills Certain Hydragogue Electuaries are now every wher much in use amongst Practitioners and especially one given us by tye famous Sylvius and another by Zwelfer This that follows likes us well Take Rosin of Jalap two Drams Tartar vitriolated a Dram Extract of Rhubarb two Drams of Esula a Drm and a half Roots of the lesser Galingal a Dram bruise them very well And lastly add Conserve of English Orris Flowers four Ounces and with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Peach Rlowers Make an Electuary the Dose is from half a Dram to a Dram and a half or two Drams I might here give you many other Purging Hydragogues but Catharticks do not always Cure the Ascites nay they often make it worse and if you insist too long upon them render it Incurable Therefore now let us enquire whether Diureticks will do good in this case or not And truly any Man might easily be induc'd to believe that Medicines provoking Urine contribute very much towards the Evacuation of Waters from any part or Cavity of the Body In reality its manifest by frequent experiments that they often Cure the Anasarca and give relief in it before all other Remedies Let us see therefore what they can do for draining the Cavity of the Abdomen As to this its manifest in the first place that there is no immediate passage open from the Ascitical Mass of Waters to the Reins how near soever they lye to them but whatsoever waters are conveyed from that Mass to the Reins must of necessity be first of all drank up again into the Blood and be thence discharg'd into that receptacle of the Urine Now little is it that the small Mouths of the Veins if haply any of them are open can receive And this is that only thing which Diureticks are able to perforem viz. By fusing the Blood and driving its Serosities to the Reins in a plentiful manner to make it draw to it self being so drein'd the Waters floating in the Belly In the mean time there is no less danger lest Diureticks unseasonably given whilst they fuse the Blood too much drive the Serum which is forc'd to part from it into the watery Mass of the Ascites more than into the Reins and so rather to increase than remove that deluge of the Belly And truly I have frequently observ'd that this sometimes happens and 't is for this reason tha the Ancients always mixt Astringents and Corroboratives in their Medicines for the Dropsie not that such as is vulgarly said strengthen the tone of the Liver but preserve the Crasis or Mixture of the Blood from being wholly dissolv'd by too much fusion Therefore in an Ascites which happens chiefly or in part by reason that the Serous humour stuffs and mightily swells the Compages of the Viscera and Vessels and especially the Tunicles Glands and Fibres themselves and the spaces betwixt them even as Cathartieks are proper so are also Diureticks and are often taken with success for as much as by the use of these the Mass of Blood is drein'd the Serum being deriv'd to the Reins in a plentiful manner and readily receives into it self those waters every where stagnating about the Mouths of the Vessels and conveys them to the Urinary Common-shore But on the contrary in a true Ascites where the Textures of the Viscera being free from such stuffings with Serum the filthy Mass of Waters fills the Cavity of the Belly Diureticks are given either to no purpose or with prejudice because they fetch out nothing of the water stagnating in the Belly and very often by fusing the Blood drive the waters more violently thither being apt to distil into it of their own accord In an Ascites all Diureticks of every kind are not equally proper nor ought to be indifferently give for it is to be observ'd that Persons troubl'd with this Disease make little Urine which is also reddish and resembling as it were a Lixivium which is a sign that the Crasis of their Blood is so close bound by reason of the fixt Salt and Sulphur being exalted and combin'd together in it and consequently that its Serum is not duly separted within the Reins which nevertheless is thrown off in the Involutions of the Obstructed Viscera and so is depos'd in the Cavity of the Belly Wherefore in this case we must give only those things to move Urine which so restore and corredct the Constitution of the Blood that the Irregularities of the fixt Salt and Sulphur being taken away the Serous part may be separated within the Reins and sent forth in a more plentiful manner For which end not Acid or Lixivial things but such as are endow'd with a Volatile Salt are proper for I have often observ'd in such Patients that when Spirit of Salt and other Acid distill'd Liquors of Minerals and when the Deliqia or Solutions of Salt of Tartar of Broom and of other things have rather done hurt than good the Juice of Plantain of Brooklimes and of other Herbs abounding with a Volatile Salt also the expressions of Millepedes have given relief For the same reason Sal Nitre throughly purified or Crystal Mineral has often a mighty good effect You may find Forms of Medicines proper for this use in our preceding Tract where we have set down Examples of Diureticks in which both Volatile and Nitrous Salts are the Basis Moreover to this place belongs that notable Experiment with which Johannes Anglus says he often Cur'd an Ascites from a hot Caus which Medicine also the most experienc'd Physician Dr. Theodore Mayern usually prescrib'd in the like Case and was wont to extol It is as follows Take Juice of Plantain and Liverwort and fill an earthen Pot with it to the Brim then stop it very close and put it in a hot Oven as soon as the Bread is drawn and make a gentle Fire round the sides of the Pot to continue the heat of the Oven after it is boild strain the Liquor and being sweeten'd with Sugar let it be drank Mornings and Evenings and it Cures In Imitation of this I have often prescrib'd with success after the following manner Take green Plantain Leaves four handfuls Liverwort and Brooklimes of each two handfuls being bruis'd together pour to them of small Compound Raddish water or of some other Magisterial water half a pound wring it forth hard The Dose is three Ounces thrice a day Diaphoreticks though most efficacious in an Anasarca yet are of little or no use in an Ascites for being unseasonably given they often cause a great prejudice to the Patient without doing him the least good because by heating the Blood they make the waters floating in the Cavity of the Belly to grow fervid and to boil as it were so that the Spirits and Humours are mightily troubled by the Vapours thence rais'd and so a disorder of all the functions follows and the Viscera themselves being sodden as it were are very much
injur ' Moreover when a Sweat is thus unduly rais'd the Blood being forc'd to a fusion and precipitation of Serum discharges more yet into the watery Mass of the Ascites therefore when some prescribe Fomentations and Liniments to be apply'd to the swollen Paunch and order Bathing for the most part it falls out for the worse to the Patients for besides Feverishness a Head-ach Vertigo faintings of the Spirits and other ill Symptoms of the Heart and Brain most frequently caus'd by such means the Belly also swells the more by it because the Blood being agitated and dissolv'd deposes the Serum there in a larger measure Nay and the Mouths of the Vessels are thereby made more loose and open so that they distil forth waters faster they being now dispos'd to part from the Mass of Blood The Remedies which are wont to be Administred with most success when we will not proceed to an Incision are Glisters and Plaisters The former draw the Serum out of the Vessels and Glands of the Intestines and Mesentery without fusing the whole Mass of Blood which strong Catharticks will do which being so emptyed receive into them some of the extravasted Lympha For this end the following Glister usually prescrib'd by us in the like case is mighty proper in regard at the same time it irritates the Fibres of the Intestines and draws the Serum imbib'd by the Blood or before contain'd in it to the Reins Take Vrine of a sound Man that drinks Wine one pound Venice Turpentine dissolv'd with the Yolk of an Egg an Ounce and a half Sal Prunella a Dram and a half Make a Glister repeat it daily Plaisters sometimes do good in an Ascites but let them be such as strengthen the Viscera by some restringent and comforting vertue and help to close the Mouths of the Vessels that they do not dicharge the Serosities in too great a plenty For this end I usually apply Emplastrum Diasaponis to the swollen Belly with good success Or Take Emplastrum de minio and Paracelsi of each what suffices Make a Plaister to be apply'd to the Belly If at any time this Disease be complicated with a Tympany other sorts of Epithems are proper as we shall decalre hereafter The great and most present Remedy for an Ascites is to make an Inision and draw forth the water tho this practice as often Kills the Patient as Cures the Disease wherefore there is need of great caution in what Persons and in what time of the Disease this ought to be attempted In Cachectical Persons and such as have been long ill in whom the Conformation and temperament of the Viscera are generally vitiated it cannot prove of any good effect to let forth the waters by piercing of the Belly for presently upon it the Spirits faint the strength is dissolv'd nay and a fresh inundation of the Morbifick humour soon succeeds it But those who before having a good constitution of the Viscera and being sound enough as to all other parts fall into an Ascites upon some great evident cause as they need not presently at first attenmpt an Incision so they ought not to defer it long if it be judg'd requisite For upon a long delay the Viscera which are immerg'd in the waters and as it were sodden in them become incorrigibly vitiated It s besides my purpose to describe here the Administration of this Incision whether it be perform'd the ordinary way or according to the way of Sylvius with a Perforated Needle As physicians seldom prescribe this operation they looking upon it as dangerous so Quacks and Empiricks never consulting them attempt it very often inconsierately and uprosperously For conclusion I shall here give you a relation of a true and terrible Ascites lately Cur'd without an Incision A young Woman tall and slender an Merchants Wife giving Suck to her Child drank both by day and by night to increase her Mild an immoderate quantity of Ale sometimes plain and sometimes made into Posset-drink after having us'd this ill way of Diet for six Weeks she feel suddenly into a cruel Ascites the beginnings of which she never had minded for her Abdomen being full of waters floatig within it swell'd mightily and its Bulk when she turn'd her self from one side to the other fell without the Ilia and the borders of the rest of her Body in the mean time the Flesh of all her Members was mightily consum'd and she seem'd not less Consumptive than Hydropical The Child being wean'd and better Diet ordered she entred upon Physick and in the first place took gently Hydragogues both Purging by Siege and Urine but without any benefit nay after all Purging she was worse Afterwards being Committed to our care and almost in a desperate condition I proceeded with her after the following method Having wholly forbidden her the use of Ale and all other drinks but what were Physical I prescrib'd these things Take Leaves of Plantain Brooklimes Clivers of each four handfuls being bruis'd together pour to them water of Earth-worms and radish-Radish-water Compound of each three Ounces wring ti forth she took it twice a day viz. at eight of the Clock in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon she continued the use of this Medicine a long time but altered now and then the Composition changing sometimes the Herbs sometimes the Liquor to be poured to them Take of the reddest Tincture of Salt of Tartar an Ounce and a half she took twenty Drops going to Bed and early in the Morning in two spoonfuls of the following Julape drinking after it seven spoonfuls Take of the reddest Tincture of Salt of Tartar an Ounce an da half she took twenty Drops going to Bed and early in the Morning in two spoonfuls of the following Julape drinking after it seven spoonfuls Take water of the Flowers of Elder and of Saxifrage of each six Ounces the waters of Snails Earth-worms and Radish Compound of each two Ounces On her Belly she wore a Plaister made of Empl. de Minio Oxycroceo The following Glyster was given her first every day afterward every other or third day Take Vrine of a sound Man a pound Turpentine dissolv'd with the Yolk of an Egg an Ounce and a half Sugar an Ounce Sal Prunella a Dram Make a Glister By the constant use of these things in six Weeks time the swelling of her Belly came down but her flesh daily falling away a Consumption was fear'd Wherefore to prevent it she went into the Country and drank Asses Milk and by the benefit of this nourishment and of the fresh Air taking continually the above mention'd Medicines she recover'd perfectly within three Weeks or a Month and lives still and is in good health CHAP. IV. Instructions and Prescripts for Curing the Tympany A Tympany may be thus defin'd or at least describ'd viz. that it is a fixt and continued tumour of the Abdomen equal hard stiff yielding a sound upon striking taking its rise from a sort of
Prunella or Sal Armoniack from a Dram to a Dram and a half Make a Glister Take of the Vrine of a sound Man a pound Sal Prunella a Dram Venice Turpentine dissov'd with the Yolk of an Egg an Ounce and a half Make a Glister 2. Dinreticks If any other Remedies premise help in this Disease Take live Millepedes cleans'd three Ounces one Nutmeg slic'd being bruis'd together pour to them of the following Diuretick water a pound express it strongly The Dose is from three Ounces to four twice a day Take of the green Berries of Juniper and Elder of each six pounds Firr tops four pounds green Wallnuts two pounds Winters Bark four Ounces the outward Rinds of six Oranges and four Limons the Seeds of Ameos Rocket and Water-cresses of each an Ounce and a half Dill-seeds two Ounces being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of Whey made with Whitewine eight pounds distil it with common Organs Let all the Liquor be mixt Take Crystal Mineral half an Ounce Volatile Salt of Amber two Drams Powder of wild Carrot-seeds a Dram Venice Turpentine what suffices Take small Pills take three at Night and in the Morning drinking after it of the foresaid water three Ounces Take sweet Spirit of Salt half an Ounce give from eight drops to twelve twice a day with a Draught of the same water adding Syrup of Violets a spoonfull Take Spirit of Salt of Tartar an Ounce give from a Scruple to half a Dram twice a day after the same manner So also Spirit of Nitre and Tincture of Salt of Tartar may be given Take Leaves of Plantain Chervil and Clivers of each four handfuls being bruis'd together pour to them of the former distill'd water a pound express it strongly The Dose is three Ounces twice or thrice a day with some other Medicine Take Grass Roots three Ounces Roots of Butchers-broom two Ounces Chervil and Candied Eringo's of each an Ounce shavings of Hartshorn and Ivory of each two Drams burnt Hartshorn two Drams and a half Burdock-seeds three Drams boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds In the warm straining put Leaves of Clivers and Watercresses bruis'd of each a handful adding of Rhenish Wine six Ounces let there be a close and warm Infusion for two hours then strain it again and add of the Magisterial water of Earth-worms two Ounces Syrup of the five Roots an Ounce and a half make an Apozeme the Dose is four Ounces twice a day with some other Medicine Whilst these things are taken inwardly let Topicks also and outward applications be carefully Administred not such as are hot and discussing but such as are endow'd with Particles of a Volatile and Nitrous Salt which destroy the combinations of the other Salts and make void the efforts of the Spirits for which ends we propose the following things If Fomentations ought to be us'd at all let them not be apply'd too hot and let them not be prepar'd of the vulgarly call'd Carminatives but chiefly of Salts and Minerals Cabrotius quoted by Helmont says he Cur'd a Person eighty years of Age whose Belly he somented twice a day with a Lixivium in which he boil'd Salt Allum and Sulphur and after apply'd Cow-dung for a Cataplasm I use to prescribe as follows Take Flowers of Sal Armoniack an Ounce Crystal Mineral two Ounces small Spirit of Wine containing much Phlegm in it two pounds Mix them and dissolve them in a Glass Let a Woolen Cloath dipp'd in this warm be apply'd on the whole Abdomen and be chang'd now and then dipping it afresh Let it be done twice a day for half an hours space afterwards let there be apply'd either a Cataplasm of Cow-dung with the Powder of Dogs-turd or the Plaister following Take Emplastrum Diasaponis that is of Minium with Venice Soap what suffices Let it be thin spread on thin Leather and apply'd to the whole Belly renewing it within ten or twelve days The Second Indication requires chiefly altering Medicines viz. such as put a stop to the Fermentations of the humours in the Viscera of the Belly and to the wild Efforts and irregular excursions of the Spirits and which likewise procure the even mixtures and due motions of the Chyle and Nervous Juice For which ends Chalybeats are principally us'd and truly not only for this Disease but for many others belonging to the Viscera of the Belly it 's usual to have recourse to Steel Medicines though in the mean time many Empyricks confidently prescribing them do not consider after what manner such Medicines work or what alterations for the better may be expected from them And indeed it very often falls out that nature her self is destroyed and not the Disease when Chalybeats of which there is a great variety and of diversified Operations are given without any distinction or choice or without respect to the Temperament Constitution and state of the Disease in Patients We have treated elsewhere ex professo concerning Medicines prepar'd of Iron and Steel and of their vertues and manners of working so that it 's needless to repeat the same here As to this Disease if any of them are proper for it certainly they are not all For those in which the Sulphur still remains and being free predominates over the other principles after that the texture of the mixt Body is open'd must be wholly excluded from this number for by their powerful fermentation they greatly ferment the Juices of the Viscera and put the Blood and Spirits in such a Commotion that the whole Region of the Belly is puft up in a greater Bulk as though some Spirit rush'd violently into it Nor are those more proper here from which the Sulphureous Particles are wholly driven away with the Saline as in Crocus Martis prepar'd by a very strong and long Calcination for as this Medicine is good to stay all fluxions so it sixes more any Impactions of Spirits and humours and renders them more obstinate But there remains a Martial Remedy of a middle kind in which the Sulphur being wholly or for the greatest part expell'd the Vitriolick Salt remains and has for the greatest part the Predominancy as it has in a Solution of the Filings of Iron or in its Infusion either simple or in Mineral waters in Salt or Vitriol of Mars in our preparation of Steel with many others preparations and compositions of which have been often found by experience to have done great good in some cases for these destroy the Exotick and restore the Genuine Ferments of the Viscera open their Obstructions fix the Blood and keep its Texture from much dissolution Wherefore Chalybeate Medicines as also some other Alteratives have haply some effect against the Procatarctick and more remote Causes of a Tympany but do little or no good at all against its Conjunct Cause Take of our Steel ground very fine two Drams of the Distill'd water above written two Pounds Syrup of the five Roots two Ounces mix them in a Glass
succinated or of Soot from twenty to twenty five Drops Or Tincture of Salt of Tartar from half a Dram to a Dram. So much of Hydragogue Medicines to be taken inwardly which cause waters to be evacuated either by drawing them inwardly towards the Intestines or by driving them out to the Reins or to the Pores of the Skin Moreover there are certain outward Administrations us'd by which waters gather'd together within the habit of the Body are put in motion and so dispos'd either generally to pass off by Sweat or Urine or particularly are presently let forth a Vent being made in some peculiar places In the first rank we place Frictions Liniments Fomentations Baths both dry and moist And particular things to evacuate waters are Vesicatories Escharoticks and prickings by a Needle I shall speak of each of these or at least of the chief of them as far as they regard this Disease Frictions prove often of good effect in a Leucophlegmatia and an Anasarca For as the habit of the Body is not only so charg'd with a Glut of filthy waters there heapt together that nothing can breath through them but even the outward parts grow cold upon the Blood 's being hindred of an access to them frequent and strong Frictions give a motion to the stagnating waters and in some measure dissipate them from thence and by opening the passages call again the Blood into those parts whence it was banisht wherefore it is good not only to rubb the swollen Member but even the whole Body once or twice a Day with a course Cloath or with a little brush now commonly made for that purpose In rubbing or after it Liniments and Fomentations are somtimes proper They are prepar'd either of Salts and other Minerals dissolv'd or of hot and discussing Vegetables boil'd with Lees of Wine in water and being apply'd hot open the Pores give a farther motion to the accumulated Waters and discuss them and enlarge the compass of the Blood 's circuit the watery Mass being in some measure dissipated The Liniments consist of Sulphur and Salts of divers kinds or of Quick-lime and other Minerals which being powdred and mixt with the Mucilaginous extracts of Smart Herbs are made into an Ointment To which for their better consistency let a fit quantity of Oyl of Scorpions be added Nay this Oyl apply'd by it self so it be right gives often great relief I knew a Boy swollen very much with an Universal Anasarca who was Cur'd by this only Remedy For his Mother I know not how advis'd anointed his whole Body Mornings and Evenings with Oyl of Scorpions chafing well the parts with her warm hand Upon which within three Days he began to make a vast quantity of water and having continued to make water so for some Days the swelling vanishing by degrees he grew well Baths are scarce proper for any Dropsie but an Anasarca nor for this but in the first Disposition to it or as it goes off For since by the heat of Baths encompassing the whole Body the Blood being made very hot and instigated puts the waters every where in motion which were stagnating before and drinking them into it self conveys them sundry ways there is danger lest as it frequently happens receiving them from the habit of the Body into its Mass it presently deposes them in the Praecordia or the Brain for there is nothing more usual than that the affects of those parts viz. an Asthma or Apoplexy happen to Hydropical persons after bathing But when the conjunct cause of the Disease viz. the swelling is moderate or not very great a Bath of water impregnated with Salts and Sulphur or also a hot-house promoting a gentle Sweat are often us'd with good effect Instead of a hot-house it 's better that the Patients be plac't in some convenient Cells in a Salt-house near the Furnaces in which the Mineral water is boil'd into Salt which often proves of mighty benefit to them Vesicatories let forth the waters betwixt the Flesh and the Skin in a plentiful manner and somtimes too profusely these are to be apply'd to Hydropical persons with very great caution for such an Epispastick apply'd to swollen places makes a vent too wide upon the opening of which the water first breaking forth often draws after it from the whole Neighbourhood a great Glut of it whence presently follows a great Consternation of the Spirits Moreover somtimes the place so drain'd on a sudden being depriv'd of Heat and Spirits in a short time becomes mortifyed Wherefore this Medicine is seldom apply'd to the Leggs or Feet of hydropical persons where the neat is weak and the swelling very great but somtimes to the Thighs and Arms with security when need requires Escharoticks are apply'd somwhat more safely to the swollen Places than Vesicatories because the Flux of waters out of this Vent is not so violent and in such Abundance presently at first But beginning moderately it grows after by little and little to a great Current which nature after being accustom'd to it by degrees bears better Moreover there is less danger of a Gangrene after an Escharotick than after a Vesicatory because in that Application the part whose Union is dissolv'd is fortify'd by the Eschar against the loss of heat I knew an illiterate Empyrick who often by an Echarotick successfully evacuated the Members of Hydropical peasons though never so much swollen after the following manner viz. First he fomented their Leggs Morning and Evening with a Decoction of Dwarfe-elder Wormwood Camomill and other hot Herbs the Lees of Wine or Ale being added to them and betwixt the times of fomenting he apply'd a Cataplasm made of the Faeces of that Decoction with Bran After these things had been us'd three Days he covered both Leggs and Feet with a Plaister of Burgundy-Pitch leaving only a small hole on each Calf to the bigness of a small Nut in which places he put an Escharotick of the Ashes of Ashen Bark to the naked Skin which being remov'd after twelve hours a small Eschar was left out of whose Pores the Matter first Sweated gently then daily distill'd forth somwhat more freely and at length the Eschar falling off it flow'd forth in a plentifull Stream as from an open Source till it was drawn from the whose Legg both above and beneath There remains yet another way of drawing forth waters from betwixt the Flesh and the Skin not inferior to the former though less in use viz. by the pricking of a Needle Which also much be done very cautiously and by little and little lest a head-strong and excessive Flux of waters be rais'd by it Take an ordinary Needle such as Taylors use and prick the Skin over with it in the place most swell'd but let it not enter so far as to draw Blood and so make six or seven little holes at a time about an inch distant the one from the other The water will Issue by drops forth of each little hole
from the Skin when the ferment is Purg'd do not regurgitate into the Blood and Nervous Liquour and cause not only Discrasies in them but likewise as it often falls out bring great damage to the Brain and Praecordia Secondly it must be endeavour'd that the infectious Taint of the Humours and Noble parts contracted from the Scabby Matter be eradicated at the same time that the Nasty Distemper of the Skin is Cur'd All these intentions of Curing ought to be complicated or at leastwise to be interchangeably prosecuted by Remedies both inward and outward us'd together to the end that the Morbifick matter being chased from its private Receptacles may not any where retire and lie hid in any lurking places but being persued by Medicines in all parts both within and without may be wholly remov'd therefore Purges ought always to begin and end this Method of Cure whatsoever Helmont says to the contrary and I dare affirm that this Disease is scarce ever Cur'd easily and never with safety without that Medicine Moreover open a Vein one of the First things you do unless somewhat indicates the contrary besides these let alteratives have their turns such as purify the Blood and strenthen the Viscera and fortify them against the Ineursions of the Scabby Matter And in the mean time let Liniments or Baths or Topical Remedies of other kinds and appropriated to the Skin be apply'd for without them not only Catharticks and Bleeding but even Diaphoreticks Diureticks nay any kind of Medicines whatsoever evacuating or altering the Blood and Humours prove of no effect We shall set down some select Forms of the Medicines of each kind before mention'd And First for due Purging give a Purging Medicine or a Vomit the first thing you do Also after Bleeding if it be necessary let the person use a Purging Apozeme or Ale for seven or eight Days Take the Electuary Diacarthamum three Drams Species of Diaturbith with Rhubarb a Dram Cream of Tartar Salt of Wormwood of each half a Scruple Purging Syrup of Apples what suffices make a Bolus to be taken with Governance Or Take Sulphur of Antimony seven Grains Scammony Sulphurated eight Grains Cream of Tartar half a Scruple make a Powder Take Roots of Polypody of the Oak and of sharpe pointed Dock prepar'd of each an Ounce Leaves of Sena ten Drams Turbith Agarick Epithimum of each an Ounce Carthamus Seeds half an Ounce yellow Saunders two Drams Seeds of Annise and Caraway of each two Drams being slic'd and bruis'd digest them close luted and warm in four Pounds of white-White-wine for twentyfour hours pour off the clear Liquor without expression the Dose is six Ounces by it self or with a spoonful of Syrup of Epithimum Or Take the foresaid Ingredients and boyl them in six Pounds of fountain water to half then add of White-wine a Pound and strain it presently make an Apozeme give it after the same manner Or Take Roots of Polypody of the Oak and of sharpe pointed Dock of each three Ounces the best Sena four Ounces Epithimum Turbith Mechoacan of each two Ounces yellow Saunders an Ounce Coriander Seeds six Drams let them be prepar'd according to Art make a Bagg for four Gallons of Ale after five or six Days drink it and take to twelve Ounces more or less every Morning for eight or ten Days For ordinary Drink let a little Vessel of four Gallons be full'd with small Ale into which put the following Bag. Take tops of Tamarisk Fumitory dryed of each four handfuls Roots of sharpe pointed Dock dry'd six Ounces Rinds of Bitter-sweet two Ounces being slic't and bruis'd mix them or let a Bouchet of the Decoction of Sarsaparilla Saunders with the Shavings of Ivory Harts-horn Licorice c. be taken As to altering Remedies besides the Physick Ale for ordinary Drink there seems not need of many others only that a good Dyet be observ'd by avoiding Salt and Peppered Meats Shell-fish and others which have been laid in Brine Also let them forbear Wine strong Waters strong Beer and all Liquors apt to trouble the Blood too much and to ferment it In an obstinate Scab seizing a Cacochymical Body it 's proper to give the following Electuary with the distill'd water twice a Day Take Conserve of Fumitory of the Roots of sharpe pointed Dock of each three Ounces Troches of Rhubarb Species Diatrion Santalon of each a Dram and a half Salt of Wormwood a Dram Vitriol of Mars four Scruples with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb make an Electuary the Dose is from a Dram to two Drams twice a Day drinking after it of the following distill'd Water three Ounces Take Firr Tops seven handfuls Leaves of Fumitory Agrimony Female Fluellin Liver-wort Brook-limes of each four handfuls Roots of sharpe pointed Dock two Pounds Rinds of Elder two handfuls the outward Rinds of six Oranges being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them Whey made with midling Ale eight Pounds distil it in common Organs let the whole Liquor be mixt Ointments to be anointed on the Skin are prescrib'd most frequently and that very effectually for Curing the Itch Though those that are us'd to many other Tumours and Sores do no good here But Sulphur and preparations of it seem to have a certain Specifick Vertue in this Disease so that they are ingredients in almost all Ointments for the Itch and are the basis of the whole Composition This is a very common receipt with the vulgar Take of the Powder or Flowers of Sulphur half an Ounce Butter without Salt four Ounces Ginger powdred half a Dram make a Liniment Somewhat a neater prescript though not much more Efficacious is after this manner Take Vngentum Rosatum four Ounces Sulphur-vive powdred half an Ounce Oyl of Tartar per Deliquium what suffices make a Liniment to which add Oyl of Rhodium a Scruple to give it a scent When you will strengthen or raise the Energy of the Sulphur by the addition of other things Take of the Ointment of Elecampane without Mercury four Ounces Power of Sulphur half an Ounce Oyl of Tartar per Deliquium what suffices For the same purpose an Ointment is made of the Roots of sharp pointed Dock boyl'd in Butter or Oyl with White-wine till the Wine be consum'd and with Sulphur and Oyl of Tartar Moreover those Ointments are sometimes us'd by themselves by curious persons abhorring the ill odour of the Sulphur The Third kind of Liniment against the Itch is made of Mercury needing no assistance from Sulphur or Vegetables nay this being more than enough efficacious of it self is not wont to be apply'd to the whole Body but only to the Joints of the Arms and Leggs or being put in a Girdle is to be worn about the Loins for so it seldom fails of Curing the Itch Nevertheless there is danger lest this Practice as it often happens causes ill and pernicious Symptoms Frequently after the Mercury Ointment a Salivation sometimes also a Scotomia or
Disease For the corrupted Taints of the Blood after that upon long continuance they are become wholly Heterogeneous and unsubdueable gather to themselves at length the Saline Particles with which growing together in that Tartarous Concretion and driven to the Skin they produce Eruptions of the running Scab Concerning the Crue of the running Scab there are two primary Indications viz. the Preservatory which regards the cause of the Disease and the Curatory which has regard to the Symptom viz. the breaking forth of Pushes The Vital has seldom place in this case unless grown altogether desperate where there is a deficiency of Sleep and Strength The Method of Cure ought always to begin with the Preservatory Indication which removes the causes of the Disease by inward Remedies for otherwise outward things are scarce ever administred to any purpose as in the Itch but the roots of the Disease being cut off within the Blood the Cutaneous Pushes soon dye away Though for removing them we must proceed one way when the running Scab begins of it self and somewhat a differing way when it comes after an inveterate Scurvy or the French-pox ill or not Cur'd We shall consider each of these cases severally and distinctly by themselves When therefore this Disease is simple and primary and fresh coming let the evident and external cuases be remov'd let the ill Diet and the Unwholesomeness of the Air be corrected therefore let persons who have been long and too much us'd to feed on Salt Meats Pork or Fish betake themselves to a Diet of good Juice and easy of Concoction Moreover if they live by the Sea side or in Marshy places let them remove to a more dry and clear Air and withal let them be as careful of their Drink avoiding thick and dreggy Beer and thin and acid Wines which are too much fill'd with Tartar Finally let them take care that their Drink or Food be not prepar'd of Mineral waters apt to petrify 2. In respect of the Conjunct and Procatarctick cause viz. a Saturation of the Blod with Saline Particles of a differing Disposition and Nature there are two chief intents of Curing to wit that the Blood and Humours be forthwith cleans'd of their impurities and that the Acido-saline Discrasies of the Blood and Nervous Liquour be altered for the better to keep them from engendring a Tartarous matter For which ends both evacuating Remedies of divers kinds and altertives are wont to be prescrib'd Nevertheless because not all but in a manner only great Remedies are here proper therefore those that are chiefly in use and found to do most good are Catharticks Bleeding Whey Mineral waters coming from Iron Juicy expressions of Herbs Decoctions of Woods Chalybeat Medicines and Salivation We shall set down certain Forms of each of these and the manners of ussing them In the Frist place therefore a general Purge and Bleeding as in the Cure of the Itch being premitted let the following Cathartick Infusion or Tincture be prescrib'd whose Dose is from six Ounces to eight to be repeated whithin six or seven Days Take Roots of sharp pointed Dock dryed of Polypody of the Oak of each half an Ounce Sena ten Drams Epithymum six Drams Rhubaru Mechoacan of each half an Ounce yellow Saunders two Drams Celtick Spike half a Dram Salt of Tartar a Dram and a half put them in a Glass with three Pounds of white-White-wine and a Pound of Elder-flower water let them stand close covered in a cold place for three Days then use it pouring forth daily a sufficient quantity of the clear Liquour Secondly to sweeten the Blood and cleanse ti from its Salts drink every Morning to two or three Pounds of Whey by it self or with Fumitory preparations of Cichory and with sharp pointed Dock infus'd in it and let this Drink be continued for twenty or thirty Days if it agrees with the Stomack and withal in the Evening and early in the Morning let a Dose or the following Electuary be taken Take Conserve of the Roots of sharp pointed Dock six Ounces Crabbs Eyes Coral prepard of each two Drams Ivory a Dram Powder of Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders of each a Dram and a half Sal Prunella two Drams Vitriol of Mars a Dram and a half Syrup of the Juice of Wood-sorrel what suffices make an Electurary the Dose if two Drams Thirdly for the same reason as Whey also Mineral waters coming from Iron are prescrib'd against this Disease and often do great good For when all other Medicines have prov'd of no effect I have sometimes Cur'd a great and almost Leaprous running Scab with this alone Moreover to add to their efficacy we may fitly joyn the use of Sal Prunella or of Vitriol of Mars or of the Electuary before written Fourthly in some persons having much Serun and a Watery Constitution where drinking of Whey or Mineral waters is not proper it is good for them to take constantly a Decoction of Woods at Physical hours and likewise for their ordinary Drink Take Raspings of Willow-wood half a Pound Roots of Sarsaparilla eight Ounces white Saunders Wood of the Mastick-tree of each two Ounces Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each six Drams Shavings of Tin crude Antimony of each four Ounces both tyed in a Rag Licorice an Ounce let them infuse according to Art and boil in sixteen Pounds of fountain water of half keep the straining for use Fisthly Chalybeat Medicines because generally accounted of among the more excellent Remedies are seldom omitted in this Disease though they as seldom prove successful For a gret many preparatious of Iron in which the Sulphurous Particles predo minate for as much as they ferment the Blood and put it upon Excretory Effervescencies encrease rather than diminish the Eruptions of the running Scab Nevertheless Vitriolick Salts Syrups Tinctures and Infusions in regard they fix the Blood and somewhat restrain the Exorbitant excesses of the Salts answer aptly enough to the intention of Curing now propos'd but being too weak cnnot master so Herculean a Disease Wherefore Sixthly these and a great many other Remedies doing no good many reommend Salivation as the stoutest Champion and only fit to contend with so potent an Enemy Yet the event does not always answer this mighty expectation for I must own to have try'd this Remedy my self in four persons afflicted with a greivous running Scab not yielding to other Medicines but without any benefit some of these were put in a very high Salivation by a Mercury Unction others by Pills of the Solar Praecipitate which Salivation they lay under for about twenty Days after which time all the Scaly breakings forth and clusters of Pushes vanisht Nevertheless for perfecting the Cure a Diet Drinkd ordered of the Decoction of Sarza with frequent Sweating under a Cradle and deu Puring betwixt while was continued for a Month Yet this course being ended when no footsteps of the running Scab seem'd to be left behind within the second Month a
sound enough she liv'd also daily us'd to hard labour about the fourteenth year of her Age she began to be seiz'd with Fits of the Epilepsy whereof she underwent many they chiefly following her according to the greater changes of the Moon Being entreated to endeavour her recovery I gave her a Vomit of the Solar Praecipitate and advis'd her to repeat the same three Days before every new and full Moon and likewise that every time for four Days after the Vomit taken she should take twice a Day a Dram of Powder of the Roots of Male Peony with a draught of black Cherry water By these Remedies the Fits intermitted so long that the Disease seem'd to be Cur'd When afterward they return'd again she was again recovered by the use of the same Medicines And then her Menses hapning to flow and keeping their due course she continued for the time to come free from that Disease The Therapeutick Method IN the Cure of the Epilepsy I judge we must begin by Purging and if the Diseas'd easily bears Vomiting let him take a Vomit in the first place and let it be repeated for many Months four Days before the full Moon To Infants and Children let Wine of Squills mixt with fresh Oyl of sweet Almonds be given or also Salt of Vitriol from half a Scruple to a Scruple To Adult persons and such as are of a robust Constitution let the folowing Forms of Medicines be prescrib'd Vomits TAke Crocus Metallorum or Mercurius Vitae from four Grains to six Mercurius Dulcis from sixteen Grains to a Scruple let them be ground together on a Marble mix it with the Pap of a boil'd Apple or with a Dram of Conserve of Borrage make a Bolus Or give from half an Ounce to an Ounce and a half of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum or Mercurius Vitae made in Sack Or take Mynsicht's Emetick Tartar from four Grains to six Those that are of a more tender Constitution may take Salt of Vitriol from a Scruple to half a Dram and after half an hour let them drink upon it many pints of Ale-Posset-drink then a Quill or the Finger being put into the Throat let Vomiting be provok't and let it be sometimes repeated The Day after the Vomit unless somewhat indicates the contrary let Blood be taken from the Arm or from the Haemorrhoid Veins by Leeches Then the next Day after let a Purging Medicine be taken and let this afterwards constantly be repeated four Days before the new Moon Purges TAke Rosin of Jalap half a Scruple Mercurius Dulcis a Scruple Castoreum three Grains Conserve of Peony-flowers a Dram make a Bolus Take the greater Pilulae Faetidae two Scruples Rosin of Jalap five Grains Ammoniacum dissolv'd in Aqua Hysterica what suffices make five Pills Take Threads of black Hellebore macerated in Vinegar dried and powdred half a Dram Ginger half a Scruple Salt of Wormwood twelve Grains Oyl of Amber two Drops make a Powder give it in the Pap of a boil'd Apple Take Compound Powder of Hermodacts a Dram Mans Scull prepar'd six Grains make a Powder give it in a draught of the Decoction of Hyssop or Sage In the Days in which he does not Purge especially about the times of the Moons changes let Specifick Remedies be given Morning and Evening which are said to Cure this Disease by a certain Secret and innate Vertue There is an immense number of these and they are prescrib'd according to various Forms of Compositions Specificks THE most simple Medicines and which experience has prov'd to be very efficacious are the Roots of the Male Peony and its Seed Take Roots of the Male Peony dryed and powdred from a Dram to two or three Drams let it be given twice a Day in the following Tincture Take Leaves of Mistletow of the Oak two Drams Peony Roots slic't half an Ounce Castoreum a Dram let them be put in a close Vessel with Betony water or simple Peony water and White-wine of each a Pound Salt of Mistletow of the Oak or of common Mistletow two Drams let them digest in a close Vessel by a Sand heat for two Days let him take three Ounces with a Dose of the Powder before prescrib'd Let poor people take the said Powder in a Decoction of Hyssop or Castoreum made in fountain water or White-wine At the same time let the Root of Peony cut in slices and run through with a Thread be hung about the Neck Let the Roots also fryed in a Frying-pan or boil'd till they are tender be daily taken with his Food Take Roots and Seeds of the Male Peony of each two Drams Mistletow of the Oak Elks-hoof of each a Dram being slic't and bruis'd let them be sown up in very fine Linnen make a Bag to be worn on the Pit of the Stomack Amongst Specificks this Powder is greatly commended by some Authors Take Castoreum Opoponax Sanguis Draconis Antimony Peony Seeds of each a like quantity Make a Powder let it be taken from half a Dram to a Dram every Morning with Wine or an appropriated Decoction or with black Cherry water Take Mans Scull prepar'd an Ounce Mistletow of the Oak factitious Cinnaber Elks-hoof of each half an Ounce mix them the Dose is from half a Scruple to a Scruple If the Form of a Powder be ungrateful to any Person or if it 's long continued use makes it loathsome Electuaries Pills Troches Spirits and Elixirs each of them consisting of Specifick Medicines are wont to be prescrib'd Electuaries TAke Conserve of Male Peony-flowers of Lillies of the valley of each three Ounces Seeds and Roots of the Male Peony powdred of each two Drams Coral prepar'd a Dram Pearl powdred Mans Scull prepar'd of each two Scruples Salt of Mistletow of the Oak a Dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Coral make an Electuary let him take Morning and Evening the quantity of a Nutmeg Take Roots of Male Peony powdred an Ounce Seeds of the same half an Ounce Mistletow of the Oak Elks-hoof Mans Scull prepar'd of each two Drams Roots of Angelica Contrayerva Virginia Serpentary of each a Dram white Amber Coral calcin'd of each a Dram Salt of common Mistletow two Drams Sugar-candy dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of the Antiepileptick water of Langius eight Ounces make a Confection let him take twice a Day the quantity of a Nutmeg Pills LET those Powders Salt of Amber and of Harts-horn being added to them be made into a Mass for Pills with a sufficient quantity of Balsamum Capivii whereof let three or four Pills be taken in the Morning and Evening drinking after it a draught of an appropriated Liquour Or let an Elixir of this kind be prepar'd whereof let eight or ten drops be taken twice a Day in a spoonful of an appropriated Julape drinking after it a little of the same Elixirs TAke Hungarian Vitriol six Pounds let it be distill'd in a Glass Retort by a Sand heat for twentyfour
to half add of White-wine a Pound let it be strain'd into a Matrass to which put Leaves of choice Sena an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Gummous Turbith half an Ounce Epithimum yellow Saunders of each two Drams Salt of Worm-wood and of Scurvy-grass of each a Dram the outward yellow Coats of Oranges two Drams let them digest close luted in a Sand heat for twelve hours let the straining be kept for use Let it be sweetned if need be with a sufficient quantity of Syrupus Augustanus or with Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb the Dose is six Ounces once or twice in a week Each day in which Purging is omitted let Remedies be given for strengthning the Brain and for garding the Animal Spirits from incurring Heterogeneous Combinations or from entring upon Explosions Of which nevertheless let a certain choice be made according to the Temperament Habit of Body and Constitution of the Diseas'd For to such as have a thin habit of Body and a hot Blood Medicines must be given which are not hot and which do not stir the Blood too much On the contrary to phlegmatick and gross Bodies whose Urine is thin and watery and whose Blood circulates but dully let hot Remedies be ordered and such as are apt notably to ferment the Humours In the former case you may prescribe after this manner Take Conserve of the Flowers of Betony Tamarisk and Male Peony of each two Ounces Species Diamargariti Frigidi a Dram and a half Powder of the Roots of Peony and of the Seeds of the same of each a Dram red Coral prepar'd two Drams Vitriol of Mars two Scruples Salt of Worm-wood two Drams with a sufficient quantity of Juice of Oranges make an Electuary Let it be taked twice or thrice a day drinking after it a little draught of the Julape beneath prescrib'd Take of red Coral ground with the Juice of Oranges on a Marble or in a Glass-mortar and dryed half an Ounce Powder of Mistletow of the Oak and of the Roots of Male Peony of each two Drams Sugar of Pearl three Drams make a Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram twice or thrice a day Take Species Diamargariti Frigidi two Drams Salt of Worm-wood three Drams Aron Roots powdred a Dram mix them make a Powder let it be divided into twenty parts and let a Dose be taken in the Morning and at four of the Clock Take Powder of the Roots of Butter Bur an Ounce the Dose is from half a Dram to a Dram twice a day Take Leaves of the Bur-dock and of Aron of each six handfuls being slic't and mixt together let them be distil'd The Dose is from two Drams to three twice or thrice a day after a Dose of the Electuary or Powder Take of this distill'd Water two Pounds of our Steel prepar'd two Drams mix them in a Glass let them be taken after the same manner Take Water of Wallnuts simple and of black Cherries of each half a Pound of Snails four Ounces Syrup of Flowers of the Male Peony two Ounces the Dose is from an Ounce and a half to two Ounces after the same manner Take Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each three Drams Roots of Chervil Bur-dock Valerian of each half an Ounce Leaves of Betony Ground-pine Scolopendrium tops of Tamarisk of each a handful Barks of Tamarisk and of Bitter-sweet of each half an Ounce let them boil in four Pounds of Fountain-water to the consumption of a third part add of White-wine eight Ounces strain it into a Flaggon to which put Leaves of Brook-limes and of Cuckow-flower of each a handful make a warm and close Infusion for four hours let the straining be kept in Glasses close stopt The Dose is six Ounces twice a day after a Dose of a solid Medicine Sometimes in such an Apozeme let two Drams of our Steel be infus'd and taken after the same manner In the Summer time the use of Mineral Waters is proper for want of them let our Artificial Waters be given in their stead But if for the reasons above cited hot Medicines are indicated we may proceed after the following method Take Conserve of Rosemary-flowers and of the yellow Coats of Oranges and Limons of each two Ounces Wallnuts and Mirobalans condited of each in number two Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders Roots of Serpentaria Contrayerva Angelica and Aron of each a Dram Vitriol of Mars or prepar'd Steel four Scruples Salt of Worm-wood and of Scurvy-grass of each a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Preserve of Wallnuts make an Electuary Let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken twice a day drinking after it a Dose of an appropriated Liquour Take Roots of Male Peony Angelica red Coral prepar'd of each two Drams Sugar dissolv'd in water of Snails boil'd to a consistency for Tablets six Ounces Oyl of Amber highly rectified half a Dram make Tablets according to Art each weighing about half a Dram let one or two be taken twice or thrice a day drinking after it a Dose of an appropriated Liquour Take Roots of Virginia Serpentary Contrayerva Valerian of each two Drams red Coral prepar'd Pearls of each a Dram Winters-bark Roots of bastard Ditany of each a Dram Vitriol of Mars Salt of Worm-wood of each a Dram and a half Extract of Centory two Drams Ammoniacum dissolv'd in Hysterick-water what suffices make a Mass for Pills Let four Pills be taken in the Morning and at four in the Afternoon Take Spirit of Harts-horn or of Soot or of Mans Blood or of Sal Armoniack what suffices take from ten to twelve Drops Morning and Evening in a Spoonful of the Julape drinking after it a little draught of the same Take Leaves of Betony Vervain Sage Cuckow-flowers Aron Bur-dock of each two handfuls green Wallnuts in number twenty the Coats of six Oranges and four Limons Cardamoms Cubebs of each an OUnce being slic't and bruis'd pour to them Whey made with Cider or white-White-wine six Pounds let it distil according to Art The Dose is two or three OUnces twice a day after a Dose of a solid Medicine To two Pounds of this add of our Steel two Drams Take Water of Earth-worms and of Snails of each six Ounces of Wallnuts simple four Ounces Raddish-water compound two Ounces double refin'd Sugar two Ounces make a Julape The Dose is four or six Spoonfuls twice a day after a Dose of a solid Medicine Take Millepedes cleans'd a Pound Cloves slic't half an Ounce pour on them of White-wine two Pounds let them distil in a Gourd-glass the Dose is from an Ounce to an Ounce and a half twice a day We may prescribe for poor People Remedies more easie to be had after this manner Take Conserve of the Leaves of Rue made with an equal part of Sugar six Ounces Let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken twice a day drinking after it a Decoction of the Seeds and Roots of Bur-dock made in Whey prepar'd of White-wine Or let a
kind of Method she observed with so great advantage to her that she has enjoy'd her health for many years and enjoys it still Among many remedies which she took against that Sharpness and Ulcerous disposition as it were of the Palate and Aesophagus I ordered that she should Drink every Morning her own Urine fresh made This for the most part being very Salt was wont to give a mighty relief but at certain times the Urine that came from her was thin and in a great plenty which nevertheless was not Salt but manifestly Acid like Vinegar after the Drinking of which she found little or no benefit The reason of the good effect of the one and not of the other is this In as much as Saline Particles of a differing state and not those that are of the same mutually act on each other and weaken their strength therefore the Salt Urine and not that which was Sharp of sour Cur'd the Sharpness of the Throat And it appear'd from hence that the Humour distilling on the parts of this Ladies Mouth and Throat was Acid and drew near to the nature of a Vitriolick Vinegar because the smoke of Tobacco receiv'd in the Mouth of the Diseas'd seem'd wonderfully Sweet as it uses ot do in any that tast Vitirol before Ten years since I went to see the daughter of a certain Nobleman troubled with Convulsive Motions after such a manner that some thought her obsess't with an evil Spirit This Virgin being about sixteen years of Age Fair and well in flesh but begotten of a Father troubled with the Palsey about the winter Solstice began to be ill without any evident cause First for some days she was affected with a Head-ach and a Giddiness though in no severe manner afterward she perceiv'd a Trembling and sudden Contraction in one Arm and presently in the other which kind of Convulsions returning often that day scarce lasted a moments space The next day after sitting by her Sister in a Chair on a sudden she started up and made a leap or two and many others successively to many feets distance with a wonderful Agility Then when she was come to the end of the Room she stood for some while leaping up in the same place and every time to a wonderful height when her legs were able to hold Leaping no longer she fell on the ground and presently threw her Head several ways as though she would have thrown it off her Neck assoon as she ceast from this Motion through her being tired presently the same fury seiz'd her Hands and Feet that she was forc't to keep these members a going in a violent manner striking them against the Walls and Doors or stamping on the Floor When through Modesty or Reverence due to Friends or Persons present she kept her self from these Motions by main force for she was always present to her self and spake with sobriety presently the affect being convey'd inward she was very much infested with mighty oppression of the Heart a Sighing and very loud Sobbing then when she gave way to her self presently the Rage being convey'd to the Muscles of the outward Limbs she was forc't either to Leap or to throw her Head or Arms this way and that in a violent manner or also to run swiftly up down the Chamber or to stamp on the Ground with her Feet Thus these kinds of violent Commotions of the Limbs or Viscera mutually succeeded each other the Tragedy of the distemper returning as it were in a Circle Coming the fifth day after this Lady had been ill I gave her a Vomit of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum Wine of Squills and Salt of Vitriol after which she Vomited a great store of Aeruginous Choler with a mixture of a most Sharp and as it were Vitriolick Humour The next day after I drew ten Ounces of Blood from the Saphaena Vein Moreover she took twice a day Antidotes of the Powders of Precious Stones Mans Scull and the Male Peony by the use of these things seeming to be recover'd she liv'd for many days after free from the foresaid affects but after a fortnight the full Moon coming she fell into a relaps of the same disease more violent than before for besides the wonderful Leaps the violent Contorsions and Convolutions of the Head and Members she was also forc't to Run up down in a Vehement manner in her Bed Chamber She took at this time by the Praescripts of others Antihysterick Remedies and Purges at some set intervals of time but without any relief Being call'd again in regard thatshe was of a Robust habit of Body and seem'd affected with a mighty raging of the Spirits I gave her a strong Vomit after which she Vomited ten times a Choler as green as Verdâ—grease with a Flegm as Sharp as Aqua Stygia and was suddenly reliev'd I gave her afterward every morning a draught of white-White-wine Diluted with Black Cherry Water pour'd on Millepedes bruis'd and strongly exprest By the use of these things seeming to be Cur'd she was perfectly well for a Month and more and when afterward she at any time perceiv'd any forerunning signs of a return of the affect presently by the use of a Vomit and the same expression of Millepedes she kept off the Fit Within three Months she so recover'd her former Health that she has now lived many years wholly free from such Convulsive affects But from the time that the Convulsive Passions wholly ceast she was sometimes troubled about the parts of the Mouth and Throat with a Defluxion of a most Acid Humour like the distill'd Liquor of Vitriol Moreover she has sometimes been obnoxious to the longing disease of Maids sometimes also to a Cough with a discolour'd Spittle threatning a Ptizick which nevertheless were easily Cur'd by remedies usual in the like cases Whilst I was writing these things I went to see a Noble Virgin who was troubled with Convulsive affects of another kind and those Universal and no less Admirable This about the eighteenth year of her Age being of a fresh Colour Handsome and before sound enough now happening unawares to incur the danger of being infected with the Plague it being rife hereabouts fell into a Panick Fear with frequent Swooning Fits the night following the underwent such Failings and Disorders of the Spirits that she seem'd even ready to Dye But having past that evil with much ado she had afterward every day Convulsive Fits though returning first at uncertain hours and in several forms But within a short time the accesses of the disease becoming regular they return'd constantly twice a day viz. at eleven of the Clock in the forenoon and at five in the afternoon that no intermitting Fever keeps its periods more exactly nay and all the circumstances of the Fit happen'd daily after the same manner When she had been thus ill three weeks I was call'd on a certain day that I might observe all the Symptoms and the whole form of the disease
the Nostrils so the like being pour'd into the Mouth often give help wherefore we often give with good success to Hysterical persons the Tincture of Castoreum Solutions of Assa Foetida and of Galbanum also the Spirits of Harts-horn and of Soot with appropriated Waters Take Spirit of Harts-horn from twelve drops to fifteen or twenty let them be taken in a little Draught of the following Julape Take Water of Penny-royal and Mugwort of each four Ounces Water of Bryony compound two Ounces Castoreum tyed in a Nodulus and hung in the Glass half a Dram double refined Sugar an Ounce Mix them Take Tincture of Castoreum from a Scruple to half a Dram let it be taken in a little Draught of Small-beer Take Assa Foetida or Galbanum two Drams let them be dissolved in Spirit of Wine till a red Tincture be extracted the Dose is a Scruple in two or three Spoonfuls of Water of Featherfew Riverius greatly extols that of Solenander Take Musk Dragons-blood of each a Scruple let more or less be taken in three or four Ounces of Water of Navews Johannes Anglicus commends the Seeds of Parsnips or of Columbines in Wine or an appropriated Water as most certain Remedies If the Fit continuing a long time renders the Person senseless or without any Pulse let smart Clysters as of the Roots of Briony with Carminatives boil'd with them in Water be injected let Frictions be us'd to the Legs and Feet and if we must proceed to stronger things let Cupping-glasses be applied to the Belly or Groin nay and let sneezing be often provok'd it is good for some to give them in the midst of the Fit a Draught of cold Water either simple or in which Camphire has burnt The preservatory Indication comprehends these three chief intents viz. First To take away or to drive to some place else the impurities of the Blood which are apt to be discharg'd on the Brain and Genus Nervosum Secondly To fortifie the Brain and so strengthen the Spirits in it that they either admit not at all the Heterogeneous Combination or readily shake it off Thirdly to amend whatsoever is amiss in the Womb and contributes to the Convulsive Disposition 1. The first Intention is perform'd by Purging and Bleeding and other common ways of Cleansing and Purging the Blood and Humours If there be room for a Vomit I Judge we must always begin with that especially in Cacochymical persons or such as are troubled with the longing disease in whom a mighty load of Viscous Phlegm sticking in the Folds and Coats of the Stomach hinders the vertues of other Medicines Within a few days after the Vomit unless somewhat indicates the contrary let Blood be drawn in Women of a hot temperament presently from the Arm and afterward if need be from the Foot or from the Veins of the Fundament by Leeches but in Bodies troubled with obstructions and less hot let Blood be drawn more sparingly and rarely and only in places seated below the Womb. After these evacuations provided always that they are indicated being duly perform'd let a Purge be given once within six or seven days according to the forms following Take Pil. Foetidae Majores a Dram and a half Rosin of Jalap twelve Grains Tartar Vitriolated Castoreum of each a Scruple Ammoniacum dissolved in Hysterick Water what suffices make twelve Pills for three Doses Or Take Rosin of Jalap eighteen Grains Calomelanos a Dram Castoreum a Scruple make a Powder divide it into three parts for three Doses give it in the Pap of a boil'd Aple or in Conserve of Borage To persons of a Hot temperament a dose of our Extract or Loosning Syrup may be properly given For the revulsion of the Morbisick matter from the Head an Issue in the Leg or Thigh and somtimes Vesicatories Ligatures and Painful Frictions are wont to be us'd Nor must we only have regard here to the cleansing of the Blood and to the Revulsion of its superfluous Dreggs from the Head but likewise to the alteration of its Liquor and the reducing of it to its due Crasis Wherefore in certain Hysterical persons Chalybeats prove beneficial in others Mineral Waters or Whey in some the use of Hot Baths are wont to do mighty good 2. The second intention viz. the rectifying of the Brain and of the Animal Spirits is perform'd by Cephalick and Particularly by Anticonvulsive Medicines and let them be carefully given almost every day when there is no Purging or Bleeding There being various kinds and ways of Administration of such Medicines I shall here give you some of the more choice forms of them Take Faecula of Briony Assa Foetida Castoreum of each a Dram Salt of Coral Amber and of Jupiter of each half a Dram Galbanum dissolv'd in Hysterick Water what suffices made a Mass the Dose is from half a Scruple to a Scruple Morning and Evening Drinking after it a Dose of an appropriated Liquor Or Take seeds of Wild Parsnips and of Nettles of each two Drams Vitriol of Mars a Dram extract of Gentian and Feverfew of each a Dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of a Syrup of Mugwort make a Mass let it be taken to half a Dram after the same manner If the form of a Powder be more grateful Take roots of Virginia Serpentary and Contrayerva of each a Dram and a half Coral prepar'd Pearl White Amber of each a Dram mix them make a Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram Morning and Evening with an appropriated Liquour Let Opiates be made after this manner Take Conserves of the Flowers of Lillies of the Valley Male Peony and Betony of each two Ounces Peony Seeds Red Coral prepar'd of each two Drams Powder of Bastard Dittany a Dram and a half Salt of Wormwood two Drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Citron Pills make an Electuary The Dose is Morning and Evening the quantity of a Nutmeg After the same manner to the Poor let Conserves of the Leaves of the Tree of Life or of the Leaves of Rue be given twice aday The Liquours appropriated to Hysterical affects and to be Drank after the foresaid Medicines are either Distilled Waters which may be taken by themselves or with others in the Form of a Julape or they are Decoctions or Tinctures and Infusions Take Water of Mugwort and Pennyroyal of each half a Pound Hysterick Water four Ounces Tincture of Castoreum half an Ounce Syrup of Coral an Ounce and a half mix them the Dose is from an Ounce to an Ounce and a half with any of the Medicines above prescribed Take Leaves of Penny-royal Feverfew both Southernwoods Calamint Nep both Horehounds of each a Handful Briony Roots four Ounces Parsnip-Seeds two Ounces being Slic't and Bruis'd pour to them of White-wine or Sider six pounds distil them according to Art Take roots of Male Peony Angelica Valerian of each half an Ounce Leaves of Mugwort Ground Pine Calamint Peny-royal Misteltoe
or tender Constitution may take Wine of Squills or Gilla Theophrasti which being given in a small Dose let them drink a great quantity of Whey after it and then the Ventricle being filled to a nauseousness let a gentle Vomit be raised by putting the Finger or a Feather into the Throat and let it be sometimes repeated as the person sees good By this manner of Vomiting the meer Contents of the Stomach are cleans'd from its folds and purg'd forth neither are painful or Convulsive Twitchings caused in other adjacent Viscera or Membranes with a Swooning as it usually happens after Stybiate Medicines To those whose Stomach by reason of an ill Digestion soon gathers together a heap of Phlegm or of other degenerate matter I have ordered that they procure once a Month such a Vomit as being safe and wholsom Where Vomiting has no place you must begin with Purging at least some days being allowed betwixt whiles let this evacuation succeed the other What has been formerly inculcated by Authors concerning the preparation of the Humours I judge either to be superfluous or wholly erroneous the Circulation of the Blood being not then understood but instead of that intention let Medicines restoring the Ferments of the Viscera and altering the Crasis of the Blood be substituted Mean while for clearing away the Filth of the first passages and the Excrementitious superfluities of the Blood and Nervous Liquour first let a mild and gentle Purge be ordered and afterward according as the Patient bears it let it be repeated either once within a week or oftner or seldomer and let the strength of the Medicine be proportion'd according to the success of the first Dose For this end Pills Potions Apozemes Electuaries Powders and many other forms of Medicines are wont to be prescrib'd If the Constitution of the Diseas'd be hot and the Scurvy seems to be founded in the Adust viz. the Sulphureo-saline Dyscrasie of the Blood let all Medicines of Aloes and Diagridium be avoided and let only the more temperate be given of Sena Rhubarb and other things that do not exagitate the Blood Take Leaves of Sena an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Epithimum three Drams Roots of Polipody of the Oak and of English Rhubarb dryed of each half an Ounce yellow Saunders two Drams Celtick-spike half a Dram Salt of wormwoed two Drams being slic't and bruis'd let them digest in a Matrace by a Sand heat with white-White-wine and fumitory-Fumitory-water of each a Pound or with our Magistral Antiscorbutick-water two Pounds for two days let the clear Straining evaporate by a gentle Bath heat to the consistency of Hony then add Powder of the Leaves of Sena and Rhubarb of each a Dram and a half Species Diatrion Santalon a Dram Cream of Tartar a Dram and a half make a Mass for Pills the Dose is from half a Dram to a Dram. Or let such an Infusion be prepar'd which let evaporate by a gentle heat to the consistency of a Syrup adding towards the end Manna pass'd through a Searce and double refin'd Sugar of each two Ounces make a Syrup the Dose is from a Spoonful to two with a fit Vehicle Or let four or six Ounces of such like Tincture be given for a Dose adding Cream of Tartar half a Dram and if there be need of Sweetning Syrup of Apples three Drams Or to the Tincture prescrib'd let six Ounces of cleans'd Corinths be put and let there be a warm Digestion till the Corinths swell which being taken forth let the Liquour evaporate to the consistency of a Syrup adding Sugar and Manna past through a Searce of each a Dram and a half then the Corinths being put in again let the Medicine be kept in a Glaz'd Vessel well stopt the Dose is from a Spoonful to two Or to the Tincture prescrib'd evaporated to a half add fresh Cassia Pulp of Tamarinds extracted with Antiscorbutick-water of each three Ounces Conserve of Violets and of Damask Roses of each two Ounces the greater Compound Powder of Sena a Dram Rhubarb powdred half an Ounce Cream of Tartar Species Diatrion Santalon of each two Drams let them be bruis'd together in a Stone-mortar till they are brought to the form of an Electuary The Dose is the quantity of a Wallnut more or less according to the operation For those whose quaint Stomach will not receive any Medicines but in a small quantity and nicely prescrib'd Take Rosin of Scammony from four Grains to eight Cream of Tartar half a Scruple Celtick-spike six Grains mix them make a Powder let it be given in a Spoonful of Panada or let it be made into Pills To those that are troubled with the Scurvy and are of a cold Constitution and the Disease seems to be founded in a Nitro-sulphureous Disposition of the Blood resembling ropy Wine let smart Catharticks and such as are endow'd with hot Particles be given Take Pil. Stomac cum Gum. two Drams Rosm of Jalap twenty Grains Tartar vitriolated sixteen Grains Oyl of Juniper half a Scruple with a sufficient quantity of Ammoniacum dissolv'd in Water of Earth-worms make sixteen Pills let four be taken at a time once a week Take Bontius's Pills of Tartar a Dram and a half Rosin of Jalap twelve Grains Salt of Tartar half a Scruple with a sufficient quantity of Syrupus Angustanus make twelve Pills Take Extract of Pil Ruffi a Dram Extract of black Hellebore a Scruple Salt of Tartar half a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Ammoniacum dissolv'd make nine Pills let three be taken at a Dose Take Leaves of Sena an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Mechoacan Gummous Turbith of each half an Ounce Threads of black Hellebore three Drams Salt of Tartar two Ounces yellow Saunders a Dram and a half Winters-bark two Drams being slic't and bruis'd let them digest in two Pounds of White-wine for two days strain it off clear without pressing it let it be taken either by it self from five Ounces to six or let it be made into an Extract or Syrup or Electuary as the Tincture above prescrib'd adding Pulvis Arthriticus or Diasena what suffices c. Or Let a Tincture of this kind be prepar'd which may be given to robust Men to the quantity of a Spoonful or of a Spoonful and a half Take Salt of Tartar an Ounce small Spirit of Wine a Pound and a half let them digest till it turns yellow To this being pour'd of the Faeces by inclination infuse Leaves of black Hellebore macerated in Vinegar an Ounce yellow Saunders a Dram the yellow Coats of Oranges a Dram and a half make a warm and close Digestion for three days Let the clear Straining be distil'd in Balneo to a half let the remaining Liquour be kept for use Take Roots of sharp pointed Dock Polipody of the Oak stinging Nettles Chervil of each six Drams Leaves of Agrimony Speedwel of each a handful white and yellow Saunders of each a Dram and a half bastard Saffron an Ounce Tartar of
white-White-wine half an Ounce let them boil in two Pounds and a half of fountain-Fountain-water till a half be wasted add of Rhenish-Wine a Pound and strain it presently into which put of the best Sena half an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Leaves of black Hellebore half an Ounce the yellow Coats of Oranges two Drams make a close and warm Infusion for twelve hours let the Straining be kept in a stopt Glass the Dose is from five Drams to six It were easie to set down here many other forms of Catharticks but there is no great variety requir'd in these But of the foregoing let these or the others be given as they best agree and now and then let them be repeated within five or six days as occasion requires An over frequent and violent Purging casts down the powers of the Body greatly impairs the strength of the Viscera and in the mean time does not take away the Disease After a Purge or two if Bleeding be indicated let Blood be drawn from the Arm or from the Vessels of the Fundament by Leeches It matters not much which Vein be open'd nor is the opening of the Salvatella Vein of as much moment as it is said As to the large Discourses made by Authors concerning the opening of the Liver or Cephalick Veins rather than any others in the Scurvy since the Circulation of the Blood has been known it comes to nothing Phlebotomy is indicated by a plenty and vitiousness of the Blood which it is better to let forth at several times in a small quantity than at once in a great For when the Liquour of the Blood is become very impure it is corrected by no kind of Remedy more certainly than by a frequent and spare letting of it forth for the old corrupted Blood as often as it is drawn forth is succeeded by a better and clearer fresh Blood mean while there is need of caution that it be not drawn away at once in too great a quantity for its store being much drain'd together Sanguification fails so that a Dropsy or Cachexia ensues Besides Purging and if need be opening a Vein many Remedies of another kind no less necessary are requir'd in the Scurvy And that they may be prescrib'd in order we must forthwith consider whether only Preservatory Indications have place here and whether certain Curatory Indications viz. such as have regard to some severely pressing Symptoms ought not to be interchangeably pursued with them And if you are to imploy the whole work of the Cure against the cause of the Discase you may proceed after the following method We shall shew you hereafter what sort of Cure is to be apply'd to Symptoms if haply occasion requires it Therefore if nothing hinders but you are to imploy the chiefest stress of Physick in rooting out the cause of the Disease principally and by it self for this purpose let Digestives likewise and Specificks or Antiscorbuticks as we hinted before be us'd at all times unless on the days of Purging To which sometimes if it be needful let Diaphoreticks or Diureticks be added Manifold forms and prescripts of Medicines and of various kinds for performing these intents are every where to be found amongst Authors I shall here set down some of the more choice of them which I here thought good to distribute into two ranks according to the twofold nature of the Scorbutick Cause viz. the Sulphureo-saline and Salino-sulphureous Dyscrasies of the Blood And first I shall deliver such as are proper in this latter kind of affect viz. where there is need of Medicines endow'd with a certain instigating vertue and such as are very much fill'd with a Volatile Salt Let Digestive Medicines that restore the Ferment of the Stomach and help the Functions of that and of other of the Viscera which serve for Chylification and Anti-Scorbuticks or Specificks which take away the Dyscrasy of the Blood either be joined in the same Composition or at leastwise let them be taken the same day one after the other Among digestive Remedies are justly counted the Cream Crystals Salt and Tincture of Tartar Tartar Vitriolated and Chalybeated Elixir Proprietatis the simple mixture The use of each of these given twice a day oftentimes does good Moreover you may easily make Magistral Tinctures and Elixirs of various kinds both digestive and appropriated to the Scurvy with the two following Menstruums Take rectified Spirit of Vitriol Six Ounces Spirit of Wine Alcholized sixteen Ounces mix them and Distill them in a Glass retort with three Cohobations keep it for use in a Glass well stopt Elixir Proprietatis is more easily and better prepar'd with this Compound Menstruum than the vulgar way Take Winters-bark Lignum Aloes Roots of the lesser Galingal of each two Drams Cinnamon Cloves Cubebs of each a Dram Seeds of Bishops-weed and Watercresses of each half a Dram being bruised pour to them of the foresaid Menstruum enough to cover them three Fingers over let them digest in a Matrace in a Sand Furnace for six days let the straining be kept in a Glass close stopt The Dose is twenty Drops more or less in a Spoonfull of Canary or of an appropriated Liquor Let it be given twice a day Take white Amber Gum of Ivy Caranna Tacamahaca of each a Dram Saffron half a Dram Cloves Nutmegs of each two Scruples being bruised pour to them the aforesaid Menstruum and let a Tincture be extracted according to Art The Dose is twenty Drops as above Take blew Salt of Tartar four Ounces let it digest in a Matrace with a Pound of Spirit of Wine Alcholized till a Tincture be extracted Let this be another Menstruum with which you may prepare Elixirs out of Gums Spices c. after the same manner as with the former Menstruum While these kinds of Medicines are given in a small Dose in the Evening and early in the Morning at Physical hours viz. at eight a Clock in the Forenoon and at four in the Afternoon let the Antiscorbutick Medicines of the other kind be taken which for the most part we are wont to prescribe in a twofold form viz. in a solid form and a liquid to be taken all under one so that the solid Medicine being taken first the liquid is drank after it there are various kinds and ways of Composition of both viz. in a solid form Electuaries Confections Powders Pills and Tablets in a liquid form are Decoctions Infusions Expressions Distill'd Waters Physick Wines and Ales. We shall give you some of the more select Medicines of each of these kinds Electuaries TAke Conserve of Scurvy-grass Roman Wormwood Fumitory of each two Ounces Powder of Winters-bark Roots of Angelica and Aron of each two Drams Species Diatrion Santalon a Dram and a half Powder of Crabs-eyes a Dram Salt of Wormwood two Drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of the Juice of Citrons make an Electuary Take Conserve of the Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brooklimes made with an equal quantity of
Rusticks and poor people this Medicine of a very easie preparation is commended by many Take Leaves of Water-cresses three handfuls of the lesser Sorrel two handfuls being slic't let them be macerated in six Pounds of Milk and let them boil to a consumption of a third part let it be taken twice a day from four Ounces to eight The Decoction of Worm-wood is commended by Eugalenus and others I have often tryed the following Medicine with good success Take Broom tops three handfuls being slic't small let them boil in three Pounds of strong Beer to a half let it be given from two Ounces to three twice a day 2. Infusions AN Infusion added to a Decoction makes a very profitable Medicine Take Roots of Scorzonera and Chervil of each an Ounce Leaves of Agrimony and Ground-pine of each half a handful burnt Harts-horn two Drams Raisins half a handful set them boil in three Pounds of Fountain-water till a third part be consumed Add of Rhenish-wine half a Pound and presently let it be strain'd into a glass Vessel to which put Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brook-limes bruis'd of each half a handful Orange Pills preserv'd and slic't small half an Ounce make a close and warm Infusion for six hours let the straining be kept in stopt Vessels The Dose is six Ounces twice a day after a solid Medicine Take Whey made with White-wine or Cider a Pound and a half in this boil Roots of Bur-dock and candied Eringo's of each six Drams Juniper-berries preserv'd half an Ounce Let the Liquour being boil'd away to the consumption of a third part be strain'd into a Flagon to which put Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brook-limes of each a handful make a warm and close Infusion for six hours The Dose is half a Pound twice a day after a solid Medicine Infusions also made by themselves are sometimes of excellent use Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass a handful Raspings of the Root of Horse-raddish half a handful Winters-bark bruis'd two Drams let them be put in a Glass with white-White-wine or Cider and water of Scurvy-grass of each a Pound let them infuse in a Cellar for two or three days The Dose is from six Ounces to eight twice a day as above 3. Juices and Expressions THE most commendable use of Antiscorbutick Herbs and Fruits is that their Juices and Expressions be taken by themselves or with other appropriated Liquours twice or thrice a day For so the entire and pure Vertue of the Remedy is presum'd to be given Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass Water-cresses Brook-limes of each three handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth and be kept in a Glass well stopt The Dose is from an Ounce and a half to three Ounces twice a day in a little draught of Beer Wine or distil'd Water Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass four handfuls of Wood-sorrel two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be exprest which being put in a Glass and well stopt will soon become clear for the Acidity of the Wood-sorrel precipitates the grosser parts of the Scurvy-grass The same thing comes to pass if the Juice of Oranges be mixt with the Juice of Scurvy-grass The Dose is two or three Ounces twice a day Takes Leaves of Scurvy-grass four handfuls of Brook-limes and Garden-cresses of each two handfuls long Pepper three Drams Raspings of Horse-raddish two Ounces being all bruis'd together let them be put in a Glaz'd Pot with two Pounds of Rhenish-wine or of Sack if it be thought better The Orifice being well stopt let them stand in a cold Cellar for two days then express it strongly the Dose is three Ounces twice a day after a solid Medicine Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass three handfuls of Brook-limes Garden-cress and Wood-sorrel of each a handful being bruis'd pour to them Water of Snails and of Earth-worms of each six Ounces make a strong Expression and keep it in a Glass well stopt The Dose is two Ounces twice a day 4. Syrups FOR the same reason as Decoctions Syrups also are disapprov'd of in the Scurvy viz. in as much as the vertue of the most efficacious Simples evaporates in boyling Yet because sometimes there seems need of such a Medicine for sweetning appropriated Medicines for some persons we shall here propose our preparation the Vertues of the Ingredients being preserv'd as much as may be Therefore take Leaves of Garden Scurvy-grass six handfuls the Coats of four Oranges and of two Limons thinly par'd off the Raspings of Raddish-roots half a handful long Pepper powdred three Drams all of them being bruis'd together let the Juice be exprest which presently being put in a Glass and well stopt let it be set in a cold Cellar till it becomes clear by subsiding Then let the clear Liquour be pour'd off into another Glass by inclination and being stopt let it be kept in the heat of a Balneum Mariae Mean while for each Ounce of it take of Sugar an Ounce and a half and let its whole quantity dissolv'd with a little Water of Earth-worms be boil'd to a consistency for Tablets to which presently let the foresaid Liquour whilst warm be pour'd by little and little and let it be stir'd with a Spatula assoon as it is incorporated let the composition be taken from the Fire and being cold let it be put into a Glass Let this Nodulus be hung in the Glass Take Cinnamon bruis'd a Dram and a half Seeds of Garden-cress and of Rocket powdred of each an Ounce mix them 5. Distil'd Waters DIstil'd Waters because they are a neat and pleasant Remedy are in a manner all in all amongst Antiscorbutick prescripts some very profitable and neat Dispensations of these are contained in our Dispensatory as are Radish-water compound the Magistral Waters of Snails and of Earth-worms Moreover there are famous Prescripts of these kinds of Waters delivered by Quercetan Dorncrelius Sennertus Doringius and other Authors It 's also easie for every Physitian to prescribe such appropriated to the condition of each Patient as occasion requires For Antiscorbutick Ingredients and likewise such as regard certain Accidents and particular Affects are taken to which being slic't and bruis'd a fit Liquour viz. White-wine Cider or Whey prepar'd of either is pour'd Then the whole mixture is distil'd in a Cucurbit or in a Rose-still I shall here give you a form or two of such as we commonly use Take Leaves of both Scurvy-grasses Brook-limes Water-cresses tops of Broom of each four handfuls Leaves of Germander and Ground-pine of each two handfuls Roots of Horse-raddish half a Pound of Aron Angelica Master-wort of each four Ounces the outward Coats of four Oranges and of as many Limons Roots of Calamus Aromaticus an Ounce Cinnamon Cloves of each half an Ounce being slic't and bruis'd pour to them of the best Cider eight Pounds let them digest for two days in a Glaz'd Pot close luted Afterward distil them in a common Distillatory let the Waters first and last drawn be mixt In the Winter season
when green Herbs are scarce we may prescribe after this manner Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass four handfuls tops of Broom of the Pine-tree and of Juniper of each three handfuls the Middle-bark of Elder and Ash of each four Ounces Roots of Horse-raddish and of Polipody of the Oak of each three Ounces the Rinds of four Oranges and of as many Limons Winters-bark four Ounces being slic't and bruis'd pour to them of white-White-wine or of Cider or of Whey made with either of them eight Pounds let them be distil'd The simple Water of the Leaves of Aron distil'd in the Spring time is an efficacious Remedy against the Scurvy if three or four Ounces are given twice a day with another Medicine The simple Water of Scurvy-grass pour'd again on fresh Leaves bruis'd and distil'd and so iterated by frequent Cohobations becomes an efficacious Remedy Moreover a hot Spirit of Scurvy-grass is prepar'd after this manner Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass what suffices being bruis'd let it be made into Balls such as are made of Woad for Dying Then let those Balls be kept in a Glaz'd Pot for three or four days very close stopt in a cold place either Water of Scurvy-grass or Wine of the same being pour'd to them and covering them over above four fingers deep Then an Alembick being put on let the whole matter be distill'd Let the distill'd Water being put into a Cucurbit be rectified the hot Spirit will come off first whereof let fifteen or twenty drops be taken in a fit Vehicle 6. Antiscorbutick Wines and Beers I Use to prepare a simple Antiscorbutick Wine of excellent use after this manner In the Spring or Summer-season Take Leaves of Scurvy-Grass gathered in clear and dry Weather what you think good being bruised let the Juice be prest forth and let a Vessel containing three or four Gallons be fill'd a spoonful or two of Yest being put to it let it ferment for two Days then the Vessel being close stopt let it be plac't in a Wine-Cellar for six Months and then let the clear Liquor which will be of an Amber colour like Spanish Wine be drawn out into Bottles and be kept for use it continues good many years The Dose is three or four Ounces twice a Day Physick Wines whereof a Glass or two may be daily taken at Physical Hours or also at Dinner may be prepar'd after this manner Take Leaves of Scurvy-Grass four handfuls Raspings of Horse-radish four Ounces Winters-bark bruised half an Ounce the outward Coats of four Oranges and of so many Limons Let them be put in a Glass with twelve Pounds of White Wine or Rhenish or small Spanish Wine The Vessel being stopt let it be kept in a cold place Let the Wine be pour'd off clear as often as you use it It 's more usual to prescribe a Physick Ale or Beer to Scorbutical persons to be drank constantly for their ordinary Drink Let Beer be prepar'd to fill a Vessel of four Gallons instead of Hops let three Handfuls of Pine or Fir-tops be boiled in it After it has wrought in the Vessel put into it Leaves of Scurvy Grass three Handfuls Roots of sharp pointed Dock prepared four Ounces the Rinds of four Oranges After it has stood a Week to clear let it be expos'd to Drink These kinds of Physick Drinks with other Ingredients may be variously prepar'd according to the Temperament and Affect of the Patient by which kind of Remedy in regard the Physical Particles altering the Dyscrasy of the Blood are forthwith convey'd into its Mass together with those of the Food often much good is done in removing the Cause of the Scurvy But since we have shewn the cause of this as also the Nature of the Disease to be twofold and since the Medicines hitherto proposed regard in a manner only the Salino-sulphureous Distemper of the Blood we must next direct Medicines which are proper in the other viz. the Sulphureo-saline Dyscrasy of the Blood CHAP. III. Of Medicines of each kind of the foregoing forms which have regard to the Scurvy raised in a hot Constitution and in a Sulphureo-Saline Dyscrasy of the Blood IN certain Scorbutical persons the use of Scurvy-grass Horse-Radish Winters-bark and of other smart things and such as are greatly endow'd with a volatile Salt is found to be very offensive wherefore in those kinds of cases where the Morbifick Cause consists in a hot Dyscrasy of the Blood resembling over-fretted Wine temperate Medicines and such as do not exagitate the Particles of the Humours which are apt to boil too much of them selves are indicated Wherefore we shall set down Forms after the same order and running as it were parallel with those before and in the first place we shall give you solid Medicines Electuaries Take Conserve of Brooklimes and Cuckow-Flower made with an equal part of Sugar of each three Ounces Species Diatrion Santalon Diarrhodon Abbatis of each a Dram and a half Ivory powdered a Dram Pearl half a Dram Salt of Wormwood and of Tamarisk of each a Dram with a sufficient quantity of syrup of Coral make an Electuary Take Conserve of Wood-sorrel and of Hips of each three Ounces or Conserve of the Roots of sharp pointed Dock and of the Roots of Cichory of each three Ounces Troches of Rhubarb two Drams Species Diamargariti Frigidi a Dram and a half Bark of Tamerisk a Dram Sal Prunella a Dram and a half Myrobalanes condited in number two with a sufficient quantity of the syrup of the Confiture of Mirobalanes make an Electuary For poor people I use to prescribe this easy prepar'd Electuary Take Leaves of Brooklimes six Ounces of Wood-sorrel two Ounces double refined Sugar eight Ounces let them be pounded adding Powder of sweet Fennel-seeds half an Ounce Ivory powdered two Drams Sal Prunella a Dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of the Juice of Brooklimes make an Electuary Confections TAke Powder of the Roots of China and of the Male Peony of each a Dram white and yellow Saunders of each three Drams Ivory a Dram and a half Pearl half a Dram Crabs-eyes a Dram Coral moistened with Juice of Oranges and ground on a Marble two Drams white Tartar a Dram and a half double refined Sugar dissolved in a sufficient quantity of compound Scordium Water six Ounces Make a Confection Take Roots of Eringo and Scorzonera preserv'd of each three Ounces Powder of Aron-roots compound half an Ounce Species Diatrion Santalon two Drams Sal Prunella a Dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of syrup of Clove-Gilli-flowers Make a Confection Powders TAke Powder of the Leaves of Ground-Pine of Aron-roots Compound of each an Ounce and a half Ivory powdered red Coral prepared with Juice of Oranges of each two Drams Tablets of Oranges two Ounces mix them Make a Powder The Dose is a Spoonful twice a day Pills TAke Species Diatrion Santalon and Diamargariti Frigidi of each two Drams Seeds of Citrons and of Carduus
bruised of each a Dram and a half Roots of Bastard-Dittany and of Male-Peony of each a Dram and a half Salt of Tamerisk two Drams with a sufficient quantity of the Gelly of Harts-horn or of the cast skins of Snakes Make a Mass Tablets TAke Species Diatrion Santalon and Diamargariti Frigidi of each a Dram and a half Pearl powdered red Coral prepar'd Ivory powdered of each a Dram Sugar dissolved in Scordium-water and boiled to a Consistency for Tablets six Ounces Make Tablets according to Art But if with those kinds of temperate Antiscorbuticks the use of Steel be indicated to the Electuary or to the Confection or also to the Mass of Pills let two Drams of Mynsicht's Magistery of Mars or of Extract of Steel of our preparation be added In some cases about two Drams and a half or three Drams of Crocus Martis may be added to such a Composition though it is often better to make the Liquors which are drank after solid Medicines Chalybeate than the foresaid Compositions It remains for us now to prescribe forms of Liquors Decoctions IN a Scurvy raised after a long Fever these kinds of Decoctions which purifie the Blood and plentifully move Urine are given with good effect Take Roots of Chervil Scorzonera Sorrel Stone-Parsley of each an Ounce Leaves of Agrimony and Harts-tongue of each a Handful burnt Harts-horn two Drams Parings of three Apples Corinths two Ounces Liquorice three Drams Let them boil in four Pounds of Fountain Water till a third part be consumed add Sal Prunella two or three Drams The Dose is four Ounces twice or thrice a day Take Eringo Roots preserv'd six Drams of Grass two Drams Leaves of Clivers two handfuls Agrimony and Liverwort of each a handful Raisins two Ounces white Saunders a Dram Liquorice two Drams let them boil in four Pounds of Fountain Water till a third part be consumed The Dose is six Drams after a solid Medicine To Rusticks and poor People lest after a Fever they fall into the Scurvy I use to prescribe That twice a day they take the following Draught viz. That they boil a handful and a half of the Roots and Leaves of Dandelion in a Pound and a half of Posset-Drink till a third part be consumed Strain it for two Doses Or take Roots of Dandelion half a handful Seeds of Citrons and of Carduus of each a Dram let them boil in Posset-drink made with Apples or a Pound and a half of Cyder till a third part be consum'd Infusions The Apozems even now prescrib'd will become more excellent against the Scurvy if being prepar'd without Licorice they are strain'd into a Flaggon into which are put Leaves of Brook-limes and of Water-cresses or Cuckow-flowers of each a handful then make a warm and close Infusion for six hours the Liquour being strain'd again let it be kept in stopt Vessels The Dose is six Ounces twice or thrice a day Also let Whey with the Roots of Dandelion and the Leaves of Fumitory boil'd in it be strain'd into a Vessel wherein are Leaves of Brook-limes and of small Celandine of each a handful make an Infusion c. Chalibeat Infusions are wont to be frequently in use viz. the Salt Magristery or Extract of Steel are infus'd in some Decoction or distil'd Water Moreover as natural Spaw-waters so also Artificial ones of our preparation of Steel dissolv'd in Fountain-water and impregnated with the Infusion of Antiscorbuticks are drank with great benefit Juices and Expressions TAke Leaves of Brook-limes and Water-cresses of each four handfuls of Wood-sorrel two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth being stopt in a Glass it will soon become clear by subsiding The Dose is from an Ounce and a half to two Ounces with a fit Vehicle Take Leaves of Brook-limes four handfuls stalks of English-rhubarb two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth Take Leaves of Brook-limes Garden-cress Cuckow-flower the lesser Celandine Wood-sorrel of each two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth add Juice of Oranges a fourth part let it be kept in a Glass Syrups AS often as a Syrup is requir'd to be added to any other Composition we use either Syrup of the Juice of Wood-sorrel or of Fumitory or of Coral compound Or also a Magistral Syrup may be prepar'd of the Juice of Brook-limes after the same manner as is prescrib'd above concerning the Juice of Scurvy-grass Distil'd Waters TEmperate Distil'd Waters are prepar'd by changing either the Ingredients or the Menstruum or both of them together As to the former we proceed after this mnner Take Leaves of Brook-limes Garden-cress Fumitory Harts-tongue Liver-wort Bawm tops of Tamarisk and of Cypress of each three handfuls all the Saunders bruis'd of each half an Ounce Roots of sharp pointed Dock of Polipody of the Oak of each two Ounces the outward Coats of four Oranges Snails cleans'd two Pounds being slic't and bruis'd pour to them Whey made with Cider six Pounds let them be distil'd in a common Still 2. When the Menstruum is weak let the Ingredients be moderately hot Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass Brook-limes Cuckow-flower Garden-cress of each three handfuls Rinds of four Oranges Snails a Pound being slic't small pour to them common Whey or fresh Milk six Pounds distill them after the vulgar manner 3. In a Scorbutick Atrophia and Consumptive Disposition where nothing hot that may stir the Blood and Humours and Spirits ought to be admitted let both the Ingredients and Menstruum be temperate and lenifiers of the Blood Take Leaves of Brook-limes Cuckow-flower Harts-tongue Maiden-hair Liver-wort Speedwel Agrimony of each two handfuls Snails cleans'd a Pound and a half or the Pulp of a Capon or of a Sheeps-heart slic't all being half boil'd and slic't pour to them of fresh Milk or Water of Fumitory six Pounds let them be distil'd the common way physick-Physick-wines and Beers Though the use of Wines may not seem proper in a Scurvy rais'd by reason of a hot or Sulphureo-saline Dyscrasie of the Blood nevertheless if at any time the Stomach either being weak or a long accustomance require the drinking of Wine at leastwise being diluted with Water a Eiquour of that kind being both temperate and in some measure Physical may be prepar'd For especially small Wines diluted with Water and impregnated with the Infusion of Bawm Borrage or of Burnet or other things ought to be allow'd Moreover let Wines be prepar'd of the Juice of English Corinths Cherries and other horary Fruits which when they are brought to a ripeness by Fermentation are very grateful to the Stomach and purifie the Blood Again Cider the familiar and genuine Wine as it were of our Country so it be clean mellow and pleasant without any sharpness does very much good in the Scurvy Moreover in this Liquour drawn from the Lees and put in small Vessels Ingredients of various kinds may be infus'd Of which kind are tops of the Pine-tree or of Fir
Against the Marasmus caus'd through the fault of the Blood degenerated from its Crasis Asses or Cows Milk diluted with Barley Water or a proper distill'd Water often give help Snail Broaths or Milk Drinks with Snals boyl'd in them moreover Waters distill'd of Milk or Whey with Snails and temperate Antiscorbutick Herbs are greatly conducing in this case For this end also Decoctions of vulnerary Herbs and Antiscorbutick Herbs infus'd in them are taken with good success Mean while let frictions be daily us'd to the outward parts with Cloaths moistned and made Warm with Vnguenticum Resumptivum or fresh oyl of Almonds When an Atrophia arises through the fault of the Blood being affected and consequently perverting the nutritive Juice it has for the most part a Feaver of irregular returns joyned with it with Night-sweats viz. in as much as the Mass of Blood is forc't to irregular and inconstant Effervescencies from that degenerated Juice and the matter so offending is cast forth by Night-sweats in this case a thin Dyet being ordered let Decoctions and Distill'd Waters that fuse and purifie the Blood be frequently taken with Antiscorbuticks mixt with them Take shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each two Drams and a half candied Eringo Roots six Drams Roots of Chervil and Dandelion of each half an Ounce Leaves of Harts tongue and Liverwort of each a handful one Apple slic't Raisins a handful Let them boil in four Pounds of Fountain-water till a third part be consumed let the straining be poured on Leaves of Brooklimes bruised two handfuls Sal Prunella a Dram and half or fixt Nitre a Dram make a close and warm Infusion for three Hours Let four or six Ounces be taken thrice a Day Take Leaves of Brooklimes four Pounds Roots and Leaves of Sorrel and Dandelion of each two Handfuls Snails cleansed a Pound and a half the Rinds of two Oranges being sliced and bruised pour to them of new Milk or of Whey made with Cider or fresh Juice of Apples six pounds let them be Distill'd after the vulgar way Let three Ounces be taken twice or thrice a day Of the Rheumatism WE conclude that this Affect proceeds from the congress and mutual effervescency of Salts that are of a different origine and Nature viz. of the fixt Salt coming from the Blood and of the acid Salt coming from the nervous Liquor The Subjects of both Salts are superfluous Dregs depos'd from the foresaid Humours forc'd into certain Turgescencies and discharg'd sometimes on these Parts sometimes on those Wherefore that the Disease may be Cur'd both let the Turgescencies of the Humours be appeas'd and their superfluous Dregs be purg'd forth and let the Salts degenerating both ways be reduc'd to a State of volatility For the two first intents a gentle Purge and Bleeding are chiefly requir'd and now and then as the strength will bear they ought to be repeated and also let Diureticks and Diaphoreticks be now and then given which any way convey forth the Saline Serosities And that these Evacuations proceeding calmly and with a well-bearing and Nature assisting may succeed the better let Opiats frequently be us'd For the other Intent in which the chief stress of the Cure consists Alteratives and especially such as are endow'd with a volatile Salt greatly conduce Wherefore in this case its a vulgar but no contemptible Medicine to give twice or thrice a day to four or six ounces of the Infusion of a Stone-horse Dung made in a small Wine or Ale or in an appropriate Distill'd Water and a Medicine somewhat more grateful and no less efficacious may be prepar'd if a Water be distill'd from that Dung with Antiscorbutick Ingredients infused in White-wine or Cider which may be given to three or four Ounces twice a day I have often prescribed Spirit of Harts-horn and of Blood in this case with a mighty benefit to the Diseased Of the Dropsie WHereas we conclude the Dropsie which is wont to happen upon the Scurvy to be twofold viz. habitual and occasional Concerning the Cure of the first for the most part all labour is lost for no Remedies are able to restore the Liver and the Lungs and sometimes other Viscera wholly vitiated and the Crasis of the Blood utterly subverted In such a case if any thing seems fit to be done the Scope of Physick is very narrow for there is no room left for Catharticks nor Diaphoreticks nor for a strong Evacuation of any other kind We must insist chiefly and in a manner only on Diureticks and Cordials For these ends let Elixirs Tinctures Electuaries Powders Infusions Decoctions distill'd Waters c. which consist partly of Antihydropicks partly of Antiscorbuticks be given the forms of which I have nevertheless thought good to omit as signifying little or nothing The Scorbutick Dropsie raised on a sudden from an evident cause or on some accident often admits of Cure for the more easie performance of which the tumults of Nature ought in the first place to be appeased and its disorders composed Wherefore if Watchings continue very offensive let sleep be procured by the use of Opiats and now and then as often as it seems very necessary let it be procured again As soon as strength will give leave for Purging let the following Powder be taken and let it be now and then repeated at due intervals of time mean while let the Belly be kept soluble by the frequent use of Clysters Take Mercurius Dulcis a Scruple Rosin of Julape from five Grains to ten Cloves half a Scruples mix them let it be given in a Spoonful of Panada at other times let Diureticks and sometimes Diaphoreticks be carefully taken Take Tincture of Salt of Tartar impregnated with the Infusion of Millepedes as much as you think good let it be given from a Scruple to two Scruples twice a day with an appropriated Liquor Take Spirit of Sal Armoniack what you think good the Dose is from half a Scruple to fifteen drops after the same manner Take Millepedes prepar'd three Drams Salt of Tartar two Drams Nutmegs a Dram mix them make a Powder The Dose is half a Dram twice a day with an appropriated Liquour Or Take Bees dryed and powdered two Drams Seeds of Bishops-weed powdered a Dram Oyle of Juniper a Scruple Turpentine what suffices make a Mass of Pills The Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram twice a day drinking after it an appropriated Liquor Take Leaves of both Scurvy-grasses Watercresses Dittander Arsmart of each three handfuls Roots of Aron Briony Florentine Orrice of each four Ounces the middle Bark of Elder two Handfuls Winters-bark two Ounces the outward Coats of four Oranges and of three Lemons fresh Juniper-berries four Ounces being slic't and bruised pour to them of rhenish-Rhenish-wine three Pounds Wine of the Juice of Elder-berries two Pounds Distill them the vulgar way let all the Water be mix't The Dose is from three Ounces to four twice a day after a Dose of some one of the Medicines
Pains and bitter Tortures chiefly infesting her by night one while in the Shins another while in the Arms In regard she was with Child she had been forc't to leave off a course of Physick often begun in order to its Cure After he last Child-birth her Lochia flowing plentifully she continued for many days faint and weak with a difficult Respiration and being out of Breath upon any motion A Month after being deliver'd being taken out of Bed and attempting to walk she fell into a most severe difficulty of Breathing with a Trembling of the Heart and a frequent Fainting of the Spirits Being presently put to Bed she continued almost for a whole day still Trembling and continually Panting Moreover the lower Limbs as though Death were at hand being quite chill'd waxed not warm by any Frictions or Applications of warm'd Cloaths At length after near four and twenty hours upon the frequent giving of strong Cordials she was better about the Praecordia though there followed near the right Groin in the top of the Thigh a very acute Pain reaching even to the Leg and within a few hours a pretty hard swelling resisting the touch possest all that space Being call'd at this time the Diseas'd still fetching her Breath short and with difficulty presently having order'd a Clyster to be forthwith injected I gave her twelve drops of Spirit of Hearts-horn in a spoonful of the following Julape Take Water of Snails six ounces Hysterick Water four ounces Water of Wall-nuts simple and of Pennyroyal of each three ounces Sugar one ounce Castoreum tyed in a Rag and hung in the Glass a Dram. These Medicines were repeated every sixth Hour I ordered a large vesicatory to be applyed to the inward part of the Thigh then in the Evening in regard during this whole Fit she had continued without Sleep I gave her of Laudanum a grain Pearls powdred six grains confection of Alkermes without Musk half a dram she slept quietly and there next Morning she was much relieved the pain and swelling of the Thigh somewhat abated also while she lay quiet in her Bed she was well about the Precordia but sitting upright or turning on one side presently she seem'd almost ready to dye through straitness of Breath she continued the use of the Spirit of Harts-horn and of the Julep to be repeated every sixth hour for many days Moreover because she was press'd with Thirst and made water always in a small quantity ruddy and filled with contents she took twice a day a Dose of the following Julep to six Drams Take roots of Grass Chervil preserv'd Eringos of each six drams shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each two Drams burnt Harts-horn a dram and a half Raisins two ounces one Apple slic'd Licorish two drams and a half being slic'd and bruised let them boyle in three pounds of Fountain Water till a third part be consumed then four ounces of White-wine being added to it let it be strained into a Flagon to which put Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brooklimes of each a Handful Salt of Wormwood two drams make a close and warm infusion for three Hours let the straining be kept in Vessels close stopt Sometimes every day sometimes every other day a Clister was administred By the use of these things she seemed to grow better daily so that within a weeks space arising from her Bed she was able to sit up two or three Hours by the fire in her Chair but if she kept from her Bed or walkt a little more than was fitting she was presently wont to fall into a straitness of Breathing or a fit of the Asthma so that on a certain day having stayed out of Bed too long she underwent a violent fit of the Disease and was affected with a difficult Breathing a trembling of the whole Body and frequent Swoonings Being called again by reason of this Relaps of the sick Lady I gave her Spirit of Harts-horn to twenty drops with the Julep above prescribed and in the Evening a dose of our Laudanum and as thereby she found her self better about the Precordia Pains and Swellings succeeded in the right Thigh and Legg such as before had paned in the left I ordered also vesicatories to be applyed to that Thigh and besides the Remedies hitherto mentioned she took twice a day of our Wine of the Juice of Scurvy-grass four ounces with two ounces of the Magistral Antiscorbutick Water Moreover I ordered her to be purged with our Solutive Syrup above prescribed which doing well I ordered it to be repeated within three or four dayes By these Remedies she grew well within a Month. A Noble man about the thirty third year of his Age seeming to be of a sanguine Temperament tall and slender of a very acute Wit and quick understanidng tho he had used himself for a long time to immoderate and excessive Studies together with a disorderly way of Diet yet being still sprightly and full of vigour he seem'd to enjoy a sound Mind in a sound Body a little more than two years since when he had greatly tired himself by dancing a whole Night with Friends and in the Morning being put in a cold Bed in a Room that was too moist and having slept a little he began to be sick for upon his awake he fell into a mighty troublous Passion about the Precordia with terrible Swoonings as though he were ready to dye After a draught of Wine and some cordial Remedies taken he was a little better but he often relaps'd so that all that day both himself and his Friends dreaded either a swoon without returning to himself or an imminent Apoplexy Moreover after that this Fit of the Disease was past yet still he lived obnoxious to daily passions of the Heart and upon any great Error committed in Diet he was wont to be afflicted again with a violent fit Notwithstanding the use of Remedies the Disease growing worse within a few Months did not only infest the Precordia but in the whole habit of the Body Expansions sometimes of heat sometimes of cold moreover in the Limbs a numbness or formication or light Convulsions and sudden contractions were raised but of late besides the Symtoms hitherto mentioned which still greatly molest the Noble Person he is moreover sorely afflicted with a frequent Vertigo and with Distractions and Failings of the Spirits residing in the Fore-brain insomuch that he is forc'd to abstain from the Studies and Politick Employs to which he has been always addicted and even from any strong intention of the Mind for otherwise he feels both in the Head and in the genus nerevosum these troublous Passions that he may fear either an invasion of the Apoplexy or horrible Convulsive Affects a great fit of this Disease pressing upon him the Ventricle also for the most part is disturbed Moreover he has often found ease after a Vomit either hapning of its own accord or raised by the help of an Emetick Medicine Hence some
the first scope of Curing which we must first and chiefly have respect to we say that the matter or Humours that are wont to be heap'd together about the parts of the Head predispos'd for a Head-ach and to raise the fits of the Disease are the Blood or its Serum or the nutritive or nervous juice Moreover with all these vapours and effluvia also excrements sometimes bilous sometimes melancholick sometimes acid salt sulphureous and others of various kinds being receiv'd into the Blood from the Viscera sometimes these sometimes others are convey'd along with it to the Head against the salleys and incursions of all which let Physical defensatives be ordered 1. And first if the Procatarxis or disposition for pains being plac'd about the Membranes of the Head the Blood as being hot and apt for turgescencies rushes now and then all of a sudden into the Membranes of the Head and upon it s not easily passing them stretches the Vessels above measure and severs from each other the nervous Fibres and so raises fits of this disease a sign of which are a sanguine temperament heat and a suffusion of redness in the Head about the Face also a high and vibrating Pulse with Veins stroutting with Blood we must presently endeavour both that the Blood being rendred more calm be not so readily put upon turgescencies and also that when stirr'd and boyling it be not carried with a greater salley to the Head than to other Parts nor be not forc'd there to stagnate by reason of the Sinus's of the Meninges being too much fill'd Wherefore if the fit continues long let the Person be blooded in the Arm or in the Jugular Vein out of the Fits it is sometimes proper to draw Blood from the Vessels of the Fundament by Leeches to wit that by this means the Blood haply boyling may be drawn downward towards that place whither it often tends of its own accord Let Oxyrhodinums or other Epithems be applied to the Head moreover let Juleps Emulsions or Decoctions which allay the fervour or fury of the Blood be taken Let the Belly be cooled and kept soluble by the use of Clysters Morever for prevention Whey or the use of Spaw-waters is convenient also drinking of Water a thin and cooling dyet do good You must order a forbearance of Wine Spices Bathing Venery any violent motion of the Body or Mind and all hot things Moreover for fixing the Blood and preventing its effervescencies let distilled Waters expressions of Heerbs or Decoctions Electuaries Powders and especially Crystal Mineral be frequently us'd It will not be needful to subjoyn here a method or particular forms of Medicines because in this case almost every Person that is ill being taught by frequent experience from things that do him good or hurt is wont to be his own Physician 2. It is seldom that the Blood is in the fault alone or only by it self Other Humours oftner being carried to the Head by the conveyance of the Blood and there depos'd cause the Evil If at any time therefore a filthy glut of Serum breaking forth in abundance from the Blood causes frequent Head-achs the signs whereof are Catarrhs at the same time infesting the other parts viz. the Nostrils Mouth or Trachaea then abstinence and rest being commanded and the Belly being emptied by a Clyster let the fluxion of the Serum be permitted to appease it self and the matter discharg'd on the Membranes of the Head to evaporate Which if they do not follow of their own accord and in a short time in a hot constitution Bleeding often is proper viz. inasmuch as the Vessels being emptied of Blood suck in again the extravasated Serum But in cold Persons Vesicatories applied to the Neck or behind the Ears are of excellent use Then after that the Belly is emptied by a Clyster let the fluxion be appeas'd by the use of an Anodyne or gentle Opiat and that being appeas'd it is proper to give a gentle Cathartick and then Medicines that operate by Urine or Sweat or together by both and so gently evacuate the superfluous Serosities Medicines fit for these ends are every where to be found in Books which nevertheless may not be us'd rashly and indifferently by Empiricks but they ought to be chosen compounded or altered nay and sometimes to be prepared Extempore as occasion requires according to the judgement and discretion of a prudent Physician respect being always had to the Constitution Temperament Idiocrasis and other accidents and circumstances of the Patient Wherefore in regard it would be superfluous to heap together here a great many Receipts I have rather thought fit to rpopose here only a form or two of the Medicines of each kind viz. of such as regard the chief Intents Take Pills of Amber half a dram Rosin of Jalap four grains Balsam of Peru what suffices make four Pills let three be taken going to Bed and the next morning if the former do not work enough Or Take Scammony sulphurated half a Scruple Ceruse of Antimony fifteen grains Cream of Tartar eight grains make a Powder let it be taken in a spoonful of Panada early in the morning Take Sulphur of Antimony four grains Rosin of Jalap five grains Cream of Tartar six grains let them be bruis'd together and with a sufficient quantity of Conserve of Violets make a Bolus to be taken early in the morning with Governance Take roots of Butchers-broom the great Bur-dock Chervill Avens of each an ounce preserv'd Eringo's an ounce and a half Florentine Orris three drachms the lesser Galingal a drachm and a half Bur-dock-seeds three drachms dryed leaves of Betony Sage Vervain Fluellin of each half a handful Raisins ston'd two ounces boyl them in four pounds of Fountain Water will a third part of it be consum'd then add of White-wine half a pound strain it let it be sweeten'd if need be with Syrup of the five roots two ounces let six ounces be taken warm twice or thrice a day a good while after meat For such as have a Cold and Flegmatick constitution let a Decoction be prepar'd of the Wood Guiacum Sassafras Sarzapar With the addition of the foresaid Ingredients make an Apozeme whereof let six or eight ounces be taken twice or thrice a day warm For Poor People and often to the Rich I use to prescribe with good Success a Decoction of the dryed Leaves sometimes of Sage sometimes of Betony Vervain or of Rosemary made in fountain Water and then impregnated with the Tincture of the Powder of Coffee-berries to be taken twice a day warm to six or eight Ounces 3. But if with the abounding Serum Particles also saline acid bilous or otherwise infesting are violently carried into the Membrances of the Head either wholly from the Mass of Blood or by the Mediation of this as receiv'd from the Viscera and there being fix'd cause more acute and lasting Pains then it will be proper sometimes to repeat a spare Bleeding and also a gentle
from the blood as disagreeing with it and partly being sent from the Arteries into the Ventricle stirr'd up its ferment and so produc'd hunger and partly rush'd into the predispos'd Meninges of the Brain and there depos'd the fuel or rather incentive of the Head-ach which was presently to ensue This Patient loathing all Medicines and refusing undergo any method of Cure became at length also obnoxious to paralitical and convulsive affects From what is said it will be easie to give the Aetiology of any other Head-ach viz. hypochondriacal hepatical or otherwise sympithical so that it will not be needful to add here more Hystories or Observations CHAP. II. Instructions and Prescripts for curing the Lethargy HItherto we have described with what Disease chiefly and how diversly the precincts of the Head or the Coverings of the Brain are wont to be affected Now descending to its inward Parts and to its cortical Substance which immediately lyes under those Coverings let us see to what affects chiefly this Part is found to be obnoxious We have shewn elsewhere that the Cortex of the Brain is the Seat of Memory and the Entry of Sleep wherefore we justly ascribe to the cortical part of the Brain that Disease which is wont to cause an excess of Sleep and a defect or eclipse of the Memory to wit the Lethargy The word Lethargy is wont to signifie two kinds of affects which are only the act and disposition of this Disease for those that are said to be troubled with a Lethargy either altogether keeping their Beds through a very great Invasion of it are so far overwhelm'd with Sleep that they are scarce able to be rais'd by any impression of a sensible Object nay and if hapy they open their Eyes or raise their Limbs upon pricking or a smart stroak presently becoming insensible again they sink down and often when they are left to themselves falling into a perpetual Sleep they dye out right which kind of Fit has very often a Fever joyn'd with it though when the diseased awake and come perfectly to themselves for the most part it ceases of its own accord Or secondly those are accounted for Lethargical who being opprest with an immoderate deadness of the Senses are in a manner always prone to sleep so that in walking nay whilst they are eating or doing any other thing they now and then fall into a dead Sleep and since there are divers degrees of this Sleepiness and various manners of affecting hence also there are made many Species of the Lethargick Disposition at present we shall speak of the former Lethargy and so properly called and afterward of the continual Sleepiness also of the Coma Carus and other sleepy affects allyed to them and likewise of continual Watching Mean while you may observe that almost in every kind of Lethargy a Drowsiness or Sleepiness and Forgetfulness are always present as Pathognomick Signs and equally attend it Wherefore that the formal Nature and Causes of the Lethargy may the better be known We must first enquire here concerning Sleep and Oblivion what they are and for what causes they are rais'd The Essence of Sleep consists in this that the corporeal Soul withdrawing it self a little and contracting the Sphere of its Irradiation in the first place renders destitute the outward part of the Brain or its Cortex and then all the outward Organs of Sense and Motion of the Emanation of the Spirits and closes the Doors as it were so that they being called in for refreshment sake lye down and indulge themselves to rest mean while the pores and passages of the outward part of the Brain being free and void of the Excursions of the Spirits afford a passage to the Nervous Liquor distilled from the Blood for new Stores of Spirits In natural and usuall Sleep these two concauses conspire and happen together as it were by some mutual compact of Nature viz. at the same time the Spirits recede and that nervous Humour enters but in nonnatural or extraordinary Sleep sometimes this cause sometimes that is first for either the Spirits being weary or called away withdraw themselves first and afford an entrance to the Nervous humour heaped together in a readiness for it or a plenty of Nervous humour coming to those Places and making a way by force as it were repells the Spirits and entring their Passages floats them as it were Concerning Oblivion or the Eclips or defect of Memory the cause of this is wholly the same as of immoderate Sleep viz. an Exclusion of the animal Spirits from the passages of the outward part of the Brain which are filled with some Humour and their return prohibited for a time Preternatural Sleep or insatiable Sleepiness which is the chief Symptom in the Lethargy and in the sleepy Effects seems to arise wholly from the same causes as non-natural Sleep rais'd to a greater Energy viz. either the animal Spirits being first affected leave the outward part of the Brain and yeild an entrance not only to the Nervous but likewise to the Serous or otherwise vitious Humour or the serous and excrementitious Humours together with the Nervous force open the cortical Gates of the Brain and floating as it were its Pores and Passages repell and drive away the Spirits thence sometimes this Cause sometimes that is the first and chief and sometimes both happen together Therefore the conjunct Causes of the Lethargy are 1. a heaping together of a redundant or incongruous Humour within the Pores of the cortical part of the Brain which depends on other both procatarctick and evident causes As to the former both the Blood uses to be in fault in that it sends morbifick matter to the Part affected and the Brain it self in that it admits it too easily The evident causes which joyn with these are chiefly Over-eating Drunkenness and especially immoderate drinking of Wine and hot Waters then upon such an Excess to sit up all night or to sleep in the open Air Moreover a long suppression of an usual evacuation of Serum by other ways Also if Spaw-waters drank in a large quantity are not presently discharg'd again by Urine they threaten a Lethargy the same also is caused by the recrements of other Diseases coming to an ill or no Crisis convey'd to the Head so that a Lethargy happens upon acute or long continued Fevers and other Cronick Diseases and very often upon a Head-ach Frensie Empyema and Cholick 2. In regard as non-natural so sometimes preternatural sleep begins from the Spirits being first dejected therefore the other Conjunct cause of the Lethargy consists in a stupefaction inflicted on the Spirits which proceeds either from Opiats taken inwardly or from narcotick particles engendred in the Body The sum of what is said concerning the Lethargy is this that the animal Spirits residing in the outward part of the Brain being stop'd from their wonted motion and emanation yield to a profound and insatiable Sleep Now they are stop'd either
through their own fault in as much as being spent or affected with a stupefactive force they are congeal'd as it were or because their Paths or tracts are obstructed in the outward part of the Brain and are possess'd by a strange guest so that they have not a space granted them fit for their expanson The chief Symptoms of this Disease are Sleep and Forgetfulness a cessation of every other knowing or spontaneous function an uneven and slow respiration a Fever and often the affect growing worse Cramps leapings of the Tendons and lastly universal and mortal Convulsions The prognostick of the Lethargy is included in very narrow bounds for the Fit of the Disease being for the most part acute is soon terminated in Death or a Recovery and most commonly is wont to give more cause of fear than hope If it happens upon a Fever that is malignant or of a difficult determinations or if upon other cephalick or convulsive Diseases as the Head-ach Frensy Mania Epilepsy or also if on a long continued or severe Cholick or Gout the Physician can prognostick nothing but ill nor is it less to be fear'd if it happens in a cacochymical Body or in one long subject to sickness and in old age In like manner it is an ill Omen if the Diseas'd being presently overwhelm'd with a great deadness and becoming almost Apoplectical cannot be awak'd if he breaths unevenly and flowly or with great snoarings Moreover if the Disease growing worse and worse the sick Person be affected with Tremblings Cramps leapings of the Tendons and lastly with convulsive motions he is to be look'd upon as in a desperate condition But if the affect without any great Procatarxis be rais'd by an evident Cause alone as from over-eating drunkenness the use of Narcoticks or from a stroak or wound of the Head that are not very dangerous we may expect a less fatal event Moreover if the affect arising on such an occasion happens to a Body which was sound and robust before if at the first invasion it does not wholly take away the Sense and Memory and after a little time the symptoms begin to remit we may not despair of such a sick Person In any Lethargy if the cause of the Disease seems somewhat to be shaken and mov'd so as plentiful and laudable evacuations by Sweat Urine or Seige happen by the help of Medicines or by the instinct of Nature and give ease if upon the application of Vesicatories a great glut of filthy Waters flows forth if inflamed swellings or great pushes arise behind the Ears or in the Neck if a great sneezing with a dropping at the Eyes or Nose shall happen we may thence conceive some hope of recovery And sometimes an Empyema hapning upon a Lethargy puts an end to it viz. inasmuch as the morbifick matter which was fix'd in the Head and first caus'd the Lethargy being afterward drank up again by the Blood and depos'd in the Breast produces the Empyema In the description of the Epidemical sleepy Fever which reign'd An. 1661. we have observed that this hapned to many Concerning the Cure of this Disease since it allows no truce we must not be long deliberating After the injection of a smart clyster presently let a Vein be open'd for the Vessels being emptied of Blood more readily drink up again the Serum or other humours depos'd in the Brain Moreover I advise in this case the Jugular Vein to be open'd rather than a Vein of the Arm because by this means the Blood very much heap'd together and haply stagnating within the Sinus's of the Head will be more easily reduc'd to an even circulation After Bleeding other Remedies of every kind are presently to be applied to use let large Visicatories be applied to the Neck and Legs the Faces and Temples are to be anointed with Oyl of Amber or Cephalick Balsams let Cataplasms of Rue Pepperwort or Crowfoot well pounded together with black Soap and Sea-Salt be applyed all over the Feet let smart frictions be us'd to the Limbs let Salt of Vrine or Spirit of Sal Armoniack be frequently held to the Nostrils In the mean while let Cephalick Remedies be now and then taken Take Water of Peony Flowers Black Cherries Rue Walnuts simple of each three ounces compound Peony Water two ounces Castoreum tyed in a Nodulus and hung in the Glass two drams Sugar three drams mix them make a Julep let four or five spoonfuls be taken every third or fourth hour moreover to each dose of this add from twelve to fifteen drops of Spirit of Harts-horn Amber or Sal Armoniack or a paper of the following Powder Take Powder of Male Peony Roots Mans Scull Roots of Virginia Serpentary Contrayerva of each a dram Bezoar Pearl of each half a dram Coral prepar'd a dram make a Powder divide it into twelve parts Moreover it is here to be considered whether a purging by Vomit or Seige ought not to be ordered just at the beginning I know that this is variously controverted amongst Authors and I have known it us'd in practice with a various success which being considered and compared betwixt themselves I shall briefly declare what is my opinion If a Lethargy has arose from a fresh over-eating or being drunk or if from taking improper and narcotick things presently let a vomit be raised Wherefore let Salt of Vitriol be given with Wine and oximel of Squils or in robust Persons an infusion of Crocus Methallorum or Mercurius Vitae with Black-Cherry Water and afterward unless it works of its own accord let a Vomit be provoked by thrusting a Quill into the Throat But if the invasion of the Disease happens upon a Feaver or other Cephalick affects or if it be raised primairly or per se by reason of a Procatarxis first laid in the Blood or in the Brain Vomits and Purges given presently at the beginning whilst the matter is flowing are wont oftner to do more hurt than good to wit inasmuch as whilst the humours are in motion those Medicines more exagitate them and since they are not yet able to subdue them and lead them forth they drive them into the part affected On the second day if the dead sleepiness be not yet remitted let bleeding in case the Pulse indicates it be repeated or in its stead let Blood be taken away in the Shoulder-blades by Cupping-glasses after Scarification Then a little afterward let an Emetick Medicine if nothing prohibits it or a Cathartick be given Take Sulphur of Antimony five grains Scammony sulphurated eight grains Cream of Tartar six grains mix them make a Powder let it be given in a spoonful of the Julep prescribed Or Take Scammony sulphurated twelve grains Cream of Tartar fifteen grains Castoreum three grains make a Powder give it after the same manner Mean while let the same or the like altering or deriving Remedies be still continued On the third day and afterward those things which at the beginning of the Disease were
somewhat waver so that the Diseased fall down and are often offuscated with Darkness In a fit of this it is to be observed that the Imagination and common Sense are in some sort deceived whilst they think the Objects that stand still do move but the rational judgment holds good for we know our Errour That the morbifick cause of the Vertigo and the preternatural way of its hapning may be known we must enquire after what manner the same affect how suddenly soever it comes upon us is wont to be raised by non-natural things for by a long turning round of the Body by looking from an high place passing over a Bridge by sailing in a Ship or going in a Coach by Drunkenness or taking Tobacco and certain other ways Persons every where become Vertiginous or contract a Giddiness which Affect those occasions produce in as much as the animal Spirits being greatly disturbed in their set Series and orders are both moved loosely and in a disorderly manner this way and that within the Passages of the Brain and break off certain Lines or Threads as it were of their wonted irradiation into the genus Nervosum for those two things being in a manner always reciprocal mutually succeed and depend on each other viz. the Perturbation of the Spirits within the middle of the Brain and their letted emanation into the genus Nervosum On whatever cause either affect is produc'd presently the other follows A turning round of the Body being carried in a Coach or Ship also Drunkenness an unusual taking of Tobacco force the Spirits to fluctuate or to reel disorderly in the Brain which thereupon are presently hindred from their due emanation into the Nerves so that the Persons affected are scarce able to stand or go In like manner a looking from an high place passing over a Bridge a Fainting or Swoon seizing us recall the Spirits from their wonted emanation into the genus Nervosum which therefore falling in a tumult or being disorderly mov'd within the Brain cause a Scotomia or a running round of Objects these things being thus premitted concerning the Vertigo rais'd by reason of some accident or by some evident solemn and non-natural cause we must now enquire how and after how many ways it is wont to be produc'd by an intrinsecal and preternatural cause Concerning this you may observe that the Vertigo is sometimes a symptom depending on some other affect seated sometimes within the Brain sometimes without it but that sometimes it is a Disease by it self which being raised within the middle of the Brain is very troublesome and often terrible and difficult to be cured As to the former many Diseases of the Head viz. an acute Pain the Lethargy Epilepsy Carus Apoplexy with many others have often a Vertigo joyned with them viz. inasmuch as an even expansion of the Spirits in the Brain and their irradication thence into the Genus Nervosum is lightly disturbed from those various morbifick causes Moreover this symptom is wont sometimes to be produced by reason of other affects seated far from the Brain and that chiefly after two manners For first it is usual for a Scotomia to arise by reason of the afflux of Blood call'd on a sudden from the Brain as in a swoon and great fainting in great hunger hard labour a very great hemorrhagy long fastings violent passions of fear or sadness nay through other occasions if at any time the motion of the Blood fails or faulters in the Heart so that the affected are ready to fall into a fainting of the Spirits presently because the supply of the Vital Liquor is withdrawn the Animal Spirits also failing in the Brain withdraw their irradiation from the Genus Nervosum For their Head-spring being cut off those that remain flying back from their emanation run to and fro confusedly in the Brain and raise vertiginous and often delirous affects Secondly a disorderly retreat of the Animal Spirits from some one of the Viscera or some outward member into the Brain often causes a Vertigo viz. inasmuch as the Spirits being troubled in a long series from the Part affected by the Ductus's of the Nerves at length trouble others inhabiting the middle part of the Brain and force them into the like disorders for this cause it is that sharp humours twitching the Fibres of the Stomach and that often an offensive and irritative matter stirr'd in the Spleen Pancreas or Intestines and an acute pain Ulcers c. in the Foot or Arm often cause light Scotomias in the Brain But the Vertigo is not only a symptom but sometimes is a disease primarily and of it self for the through understanding of the nature of which we must enquire into its subject formal state and causes The Immediate Subject of the Vertigo are doubtless the Animal Spirits which every person troubled with this affect perceives to be very much troubled and to move about in a confused manner but the mediate subject are those parts of the Brain in which Imagination and common sense reside and whence the next way leads into the Genus Nervosum Now these are the Corpora Callosa and Striata For the Animal Spirits love to expatiate themselves within these medullous Bodies and when they smoothly flow in one series from the two extremes attending the Corpus Callosum viz. from the Corpora Striata and Gyri of the Brain towards its middle part they represent pleasant imaginations and fancies and when in another series and haply by other Pores they flow from the midst of the Corpus Callosum into the Gyri of the Brain they carry thither the signatures of notions for the memory and when they direct themselves thence into the Corpora striata and origines of the Nerves they actuate all the moving parts and as often as there is occasion convey to them the Instincts of setting upon motions Now in a Vertigo those even emanations of the Spirits seem to be intercepted in various places and to be diversly perverted for some files of the Spirits are rendred obscure others are wrested another way and are driven this way and that into Gyri and Vortex's and often are forcibly drawn cross-wise wherefore by reason of the Spirits being so troubled in the Brain confus'd fancies erring and unconstant species of sensible things or turnings round of them are represented And then according as the Irradiation into the Genus Nervosum is lessen'd or stopt a Scotomia and sailings and faulterings of the locomotive function ensue It seems probable that such disorders of the Spirits depend on two causes viz first that some exorbitant and extraneous particles being entred the Brain deeply together with the Nervous Juice cleave to the Spirits and force them into irregular motions it being manifest to vulgar experience that this happens to some persons after immoderate drinking of Wine or Strong Waters unusual smoaking Tobacco the eating of certain Vegetables an anointing with Mercury c. Secondly we may imagine that sometimes
a serous glut of filth gets by degrees into the Brain together with the Nervous Juice and when at length it has penetrated deeply into it it defiles these pure Medullae and greatly stuffs its Pores So that the Animal Spirits do not display their beams with a light that is clear and full but such as is weak and broken with many little Clouds as it were scattered here and there In an habitual and inveterate Vertigo the conjunct cause comprehends both these as it appears from the things that give relief or prove offensive For I observe that that affect is altered for the better or worse on two kinds of occasions For whatsoever things inwardly taken engender turgid Particles and such as are too exorbitant and apt to be troubled as Wines Strong Waters pepper'd and flatulent meats in a manner always affect vertiginous Persons nor do they find less injury by reason of occasions by which the Brain is fill'd and stuffed as are surfeiting sleeping at Noon or too long in the morning a Southerly Wind a moist misty and thick Air a low seated and marshy habitation and on the contrary the same are very much relieved by a thin and light Diet a clear Air and an open Country exposed to the Winds If we enquire into the procatarctick Cause of this Evil viz. for what morbid predisposition this double evil is wont to be brought on the Spirits residing in the middle part of the Brain we find that here both the Brain with the nervous Liquor and the Blood with the Humours residing in it are in the fault It is a common fault of the latter that degenerating from its due Crasis into a sharp or otherwise vitious temper it perverts the nutritive juyce and likewise heaps together within it a Serum and filthy dregs of various kinds which it is ready to discharge on the Head The fault of the Brain is that its temper is moist and weak its texture loose and not firm and has its Pores more open than they ought and too much gaping so that any heterogeneous and elastick Particles and likewise serous or otherwise morbid recrements being sent from the Blood into the Head are easily admitted into the Brain together with the nervous juyce and by reason of its passages being too open descend without obstacle into the midst of it viz. the Corpora callosa and striata Moreover such as are of a tender Constitution easily contract this vertiginous disposition for the Spirits of the Brain being weak and unable to resist foreign incursions yield a passage to any matter coming thither Again to others tho robust Persons a disorderly Diet a sedentary Life frequent surfeiting also immoderate Sleep and Studies likewise the Scurvy an inveterate Cachexia Fevers of long continuance and other Cephalick Diseases often bring this ill habit of the Brain As to the prognostick of this Disease every new Vertigo for the most part is void of danger but being habitual and continual tho it seldom threatens a great or imminent danger yet because it admits not but a long and very difficult Cure it most commonly so tires both the Diseas'd and the Physician that before the Disease can be cur'd one grows weary of the other A primary Vertigo seated in the fore-part of the Head which scarce at all causes a dizziness or falling on the ground being more safe and curable is often chang'd into a Head-ach sometimes also it goes off of its own accord by a bleeding at the Nose or a Flux of the Hemorrhoids and is often removed by Physick A vertiginous affect arising in the hinder part of the Head and intercepting the irradiations of the Spirits into the Nerves being far more dangerous often passes into an Apoplexy or Palsey or into Convulsive Diseases A Therapeutick Method does not properly belong to a Symptomatick Vertigo It will only be necessary that certain Cephalick Remedies for discussing the Clouds of the Brain and appeasing the disorders of the Spirits be joyn'd to the first things indicated or rather to speak according to the capacity of the vulgar which we must sometimes tho only for shew that certain Medicines against vapours be added to them An Accidental Vertigo or any other that is new for the most part is cur'd only by Blooding and a gentle Purge sometimes repeated Nevertheless for the more certain extirpation of the disease let Cephalick Remedies likewise such as shall presently be written be carefully administred For the Cure of an Habitual Vertigo and such as is become inveterate in a manner the like method ought to be ordered as against most other Cephalick Diseases Which suggests these three chief intents of Healing viz. first we must endeavour that all fuel of that Disease being cut off the Brain may continue free from any new afflux of morbifick matter for which end a due form of dyet being ordered sometimes bleeding and very often a gentle Purge given at due intervals of time will conduce Let a dry and well ventilated Air be chosen let immoderate and unseasonable sleep and studies be shunn'd let morning and evening draughts be wholly forborn Instead of the former let a draught of Coffee or Tea be given with the Leaves of Sage boyl'd in them let an Issue be made in the Leg or Arm and sometimes let the Hemorrhoid Vessels be open'd by Leeches Let the Person affected always rise early in the morning and wash his Temples and Sinciput with cold Water and rub them with a course Cloth The second Therapeutick Intention will be to remove the Procatarctick cause of the Vertigo wherefore let it be endeavoured both that the Cacochymical dyscrasy of the Blood be taken away and that the weak and over-lax constitution of the Brain be corrected In order to the former Remedies powerfully altering as temperate Antiscorbuticks Chabyleats and sometimes Spaw-waters or Whey are proper To which always by reason of the latter thing indicated let Cephalick Medicines viz. such as are prepar'd of Coral Amber man's skull the root of male Peony Mistletoe Peacocks dung and the like forms of which we shall presently give you be added The third Intention and which is properly curatory attempts the taking away of the conjunct Cause of this Disease tho it ceases for the most part of its own accord upon the removal of the procatarctick Causes For if the passage of every extraneous matter into the Brain be cut off nothing will hinder but that the Spirits being as pure as may be and having gotten free and open spaces within the Corpus callosum may flow thence every way However that we may prosecute this scope of curing together with the former we must also interchangeably use Medicines endow'd with a volatile Salt whose Particles being very subtle and active refresh the animal Spirits of which kind chiefly are the Spirits of Harts-horn Soot Sal Armoniack impregnated with Amber man's skull c. the tinctures of Coral Amber Antimony the Elixir of Peony c. These
to be within the same inward portion of the Brain viz. The Corpus Callosum as that of the Vertigo to wit in as much as in both affects the Imagination common Sense tho in a far differing degree are affected viz. in the former the irradiation of the Spirits is wont to be obscur'd in some places and to be inetrrupted with little Clouds as it were scattered here and there but in the latter the same is forthwith wholly darkned and undergoes a total Eclips The Apoplexy according to the import of the Word denotes a striking and by reason of the stupendous Nature of the affect as tho it contain'd somewhat Divine it is called a sideration for those that are seized with it as tho they were Planet-struck or smitten by an invisible Deity fall on the Ground on a sudden and being deprived of Sense and Motion and the whole animal function unless that they breath ceasing they lye dead as it were for some time and sometimes dye out-right and if they revive again they are oftentimes affected with a general Palsie or an Hemiplegia Tho it may seem a Paradox it is not disagreeing with Reason to say that the Apoplexy is two-fold and that one of them belongs to the Cerebellum and that the other has its seat in the midst of the Brain the former happens by reason of the animal Spirits design'd for the vital function being supprest in their very source viz. within the Cerebellum the motion of the Heart being often thereby letted or supprest as we have intimated before that this happens in some sort in the Incubus and doubtless to this cause ought to be attributed what I have observed in some that after a great heaviness in the Occiput a Swooning with a sudden privation of all the animal function ensues in which the diseased lye without Motion or Sense with a Pulse and Respiration greatly diminish'd and scarce perceivable and being all over cold for many Hours nay often a Day or two more resembling Persons dead than living We have sometimes known Persons so affected who have grown cold and stiff their Pulse and Respiration seeming wholly to be ceased and who have been really taken for dead and put in their Coffins yet after two or three dayes to have come to life again To enquire into the causes of the other and the wayes of its coming to pass we must first distinguish concerning the various Invasion of this Disease to wit how sometimes being raised from a sudden solemn and invincible cause without any previous Disposition or Procatarxis it is for the most part mortal against this no Procatarctick or preservatory Method can be ordered and the method of curing it which is ordinarily entred upon for the most part becomes ineffications or secondly an Apoplectick Fit having an antecedent Cause or a previous Procatarxis is brought into act through various Occasions or evident Causes As to the seisure of the former kind viz. being sudden and unawares its conjunct and immediate cause is either a great Solution of Continuity hapning some where within or near the middle of the Brain through which its Pores and Passages being obstructed or comprest all emanation of the Spirits is supprest or it is a great and sudden putting to flight or extinction of the Spirits residing in the Brain The things which are wont to cause a great solution of Continuity within the Brain are Blood extravasated an Abscess suppurated and broken and an inundation of a serous humour and tho this latter seldom or never happens of it self yet sometimes by reason of strong evident causes such a glut of serous filth rushes into the Brain that presently filling and stuffing all its medullary Pores it renders the Person speechless which I have known to have hapned to some upon sleeping presently after having drank too largely of small Wine and Spaw Waters I have observed the like affect upon a total and long continued suppression of Urine And in malignant Fevers the serous recrements by a critical Metastasis being conveyed to the Brain have often caused a loss of Speech with Death Of the evident Causes by which an extemporary Apoplexy is wont to be procured the other kind consists in a sudden profligation or extinction of the Spirits which strong Narcoticks and an immoderate drinking of hot-Waters often effect Thus much concerning the Causes of the accidental and extemporary Apoplexy which bring a fit of it on all Persons indifferently tho not predispos'd and wherefore there can be no Prophylaxis ordered and it is seldom that a Cure succeeds But we observe besides that this Disease sometimes is habitual viz. That there remains in certain men a constant Disposition by reason of which first slight Bickerings trouble them afterward by short intervals greater accesses come upon them of which for the most part they dye at last As to the conjunct cause of this Disease it consists in the sudden filling of the Pores of the Corpus Callosum and the destroying of the Spirits by the approach of a malignant matter It s procatarctick Causes are the like as in most other affects of the Brain viz. both the Blood is in fault that either engendring of it self or taking from elsewhere extraneous Particles and such as are very adverse to the texture or constitution of the animal Spirits and as it were extinctory of them it sends them to the Brain and moreover the fault of the Brain is that being weak in its Crasis and too lax and loosned in its Pores and Passages it always admits so easily and without resistance the morbifick matter obtruded from the Blood The Subject of this Disease being the Brain or the Cerebellum or both together the Brain is shewn to be most obnoxious to it by previous and frequent Scotomias and vertiginous Affects the Cerebellum is argued to be ill-disposed by a frequent Incubus an intermitting Pulse a Swooning and frequent Fainting The Prognostick of this Disease is never declar'd but fatal and dubious for an Apoplexy is never without danger either present or to come but the worst is in which besides all the spontaneous Functions being abolish'd the Pulse also and Respiration either fail or are carried on with much adoe and then for the most part it happens with a foaming at Mouth and a Swooning to which at length a sweat which most commonly is colliquative supervening foreshews that Death will happen very suddenly Those who being seized with the Apoplexy are deprived of Pulse and Respiration and a little after growing cold seem to be dead ought not presently to be taken forth of Bed or to be left without Physical Administrations moreover tho no hope of Life appears let them not be buried till after three or four dayes for such either of their own accord or by the use of Remedies sometimes revive which happens not by reason of the vital heat being raised up again in the Heart for it was not wholly destroyed here but for that the
straitned than in the Corpus Striatum What before we said in the Apoplexy we affirm now in the Palsey that the morbid Particles are not only opilative but sometimes narcotick and extinguish the Spirits thus the steams of Antimony Mercury and Auripigment cause weaknesses tremblings and often resolutions of the Members to some using amongst furnaces of Metals In like manner we may imagine that in certain scorbutical and very cacochymical Persons heterogeneous Particles and seemingly of a vitriolick nature enter the Ductus's of the Nerves and subvert certain files of the Spirits or suppress their motion hence stupors or resolutions suddenly arise in the Members or Muscles sometimes in these and sometimes in those they often removing from place to place and sometimes a fixt Palsey is settled And in every Palsey caused by obstruction the morbifick matter is not a gross and viscous phlegm as Galen and many Physicians affirm for such does not pervade the Brain much less the Ductus's of the Nerves but seems to consist of subtle and very active particles tho injurious to the animal oeconomy for the Palsey happens to men as a blight or rust does to Plants for some Winds endued with Vapours more than cold viz. of a vitious or vitriolick Spirit when they blow upon young tender Plants presently cause them to wither viz. in as much as the tender stamina interwoven every where like Nerves in the Leaves and Branches are so throughly constring'd by the blast of the malignant Air that they no longer admit the Juice sent from the Trunk and Root through defect of which they wither after the like manner extraneous and as it were vitriolick Particles admitted within the Organs of Sense and Motion in as much as at the same time they stop the Pores and deject the animal Spirits or restrain them from Motion bring as it were a blast on the respective Parts As to the evident causes of an habitual Palsey viz. through what occasions those that are disposed to this Disease contract it sooner or being already seized with it are more severely troubled with it I say all such things make for this which add to the vitiating of the Blood also which fill the Brain and its nervous Appendix or raise suffusions of a morbifick matter in it those things likewise wich affect the Spirits with a Stupefaction or diminish their Stores in the number of these first occur disorders in the six non natural things an ill form of Dyer a drinking of strong Wines or hot Waters too much or unseasonable Sleep Idleness and a sedentary Life immoderate Venery too great losses of Blood a moist and marshy Air houses fresh plaistred metallick Fumes and Vapours frequent use of Narcoticks or Tobacco an excess of Cold Heat or Moisture vehement and long continued Passions of Sadness and Fear with many other things which I shall not here stand to relate There is another kind of this Disease depending on the scarcity and fewness of the Spirits in which tho motion fails wholly in no Part or Member yet it is performed but weakly only or depravedly by any to wit the affected tho not become without Motion yet they are not able to move their Members or to sustain any Burthen with strength moreover in any moving effort they are troubled with a trembling of the Limbs which is only the effect of Weakness or a broken strength in the moving Faculty Persons become subject to this affect by reason of an extream or valetudinary old age also through immoderate losses of Blood or Seed and likewise by reason of being very scorbutical or cacochymical and many recovering with difficulty and slowly from a chronick distemper are troubled with a languishing of the Limbs and a great resolution of the Members from their due Vigour and Strength so that tho their Stomack holds good and their Pulse and Urine be well disposed yet being enervated as it were and without Strength they scarce dare to set upon any local motion and if they begin it they cannot hold it long nay some without any considerable sickness keep their Beds for a long time as Persons ready to dye whilst they lye undisturbed they discourse with their Friends and are chearful but they neither will nor dare be raised up or walk about nay they abhor all motion as some dreadful thing Doubtless in these tho the animal spirits in some sort actuate and irradiate the whole Genus Nervosum yet their Stores are so slender and loosly set together that when many Spirits ought to be gathered together somewhere in it for motion there is great danger lest presently in the Neighbourhood their Continuity be broken off and consequently the tension in the Nervous Parts ber esolv'd Wherefore in regard the Spirits residing in the Brain are conscious of the Weakness of the others plac'd in the Members they refuse to impose local motion on their Companions as being a task too difficult for them for which cause the affected are scarce led by any perswasion to try whether they are able to go or not but those who being troubled with a scarcity of Spirits will force them as much as they may to local Motions are able at their first rising in the Morning to walk move their Arms this way and that or to lift up a weight with strength but before Noon the store of the Spirits which influenc'd the Muscles being almost spent they are scarce able to move Hand or Foot I have now a prudent and honest Woman in cure who for many years has been obnoxious to this kind of bastard Palsey not only in the Limbs but likewise in her Tongue This Person for some time speaks freely and readily enough but after long hasty or laborous speaking presently she becomes as mute as a fish and cannot bring forth a word nay and does not recover the use of her Voice till after an hour or two In a certain species of the Palsey the sensitive faculty is hurt by it self motion being still entire this is obvious enough concerning the Organs whose Nerves are only relating to Sense as of the Sight Hearing Tast and Smell and the Reason is plain enough But that in the uttermost habit of the Body or the Members sometimes the touch perishes the locomotive Power being without hurt as it is every where seen in Persons affected with the Leprosie Elephantiasis and in some troubled with the Mania who are wont to go naked and to lye on the Ground and who are become so insensible in the Skin and the Flesh of the Muscles that they do not feel the cuts of a Pen-knife or Needles any where thrust into them This I say is very difficult to be explained But concerning this it must be said that the same Nerves haply convey forward and backward the instincts of Motions and the Impressions of sensible things but that the same Fibres which are locomotive are not alway or chiefly sensible We have shewn elsewhere that the muscular and
following Powders or Tablets have their turns in the course of Phyfick Take powder of Vipers Flesh prepar'd at Montpellier an ounce Hearts and Livers of the same half an ounce Species Diambroe two ounces make a Powder let a dram be taken twice a day with three ounces of the distilled Water or with Viper Wine with a decoction of the Leaves of Sage of the Roots and Seeds of the great Bur-dock and Eringo roots condited made in a sufficient quantity of Fountain-Water to a half to the quantity of six or eight ounces warm in the morning expecting a sweat Take Solar Mineral Bezoar half an ounce Cloves powdred two drams mix them make a powder to be divided into twelve parts let one part be taken twice a day after the same manner with the use of these kinds of Remedies let gentle Catharticks be pretty ften interlac'd Take powder of choice Roots of Zedoary and the lesser Galingal of each a dram and a half Species Diambror a dram powder of the Seeds of Mustard Rochet Scurvy-grass Water-cresses of each half a dram make a subtle powder of all add pure Oyle of Amber half a dram with six ounces of white Sugar dissolved in compound Peony Water and boyled to a Consistency for Tablets make Tablets according to Art each weighing half a dram let three or four be eaten twice a day drinking after it a dose of some one of the Liquors even now mentioned Take powder of the roots of Virginia Serpentary two drams of the lesser Galingal a dram of the Gummous extract from the residency of the distillation of Quercitans Elixir of Life a dram Flowers of Sal Armoniack or of pure volatile salt of Soot or of Harts-horn a dram Balsam of Peru a scruple Balsamum Capivi what suffises make a Mass let it be made into little Pills rowling them in species Diambrae the dose is half a dram evening and morning or Take Rosin or Gum of Guaiacum three drams species Diambrae a dram Chymical Oyle of Guaiacum excellently rectified a dram and a half liquid Amber what suffices make a mass let it be formed into Pills to be taken after the same manner But if a Palsey hapning in a bilous Temperament or in young Persons admits only mild Medicines being wont to be exaspirated by any that are hot and elastick the following forms will be of use for removing its Procatarxis Take Conserve of the Flowers of Betony Fumitory Primrose Flowers of each two ounces species Diambrae a dram Ivory Crabs Eyes Crabs Claws of each four scruples Powder of Peony Flowers two drams Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders of each a dram Salt of Wormwood a dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Peony Flowers make an Electuary the dose is two drams a day drinking after it either of the simple Water of the Leaves of Aron or of the following compound Water three ounces or of a Decoction of Sage with the Leaves of Tea infused in it four or six Ounces Take Rots of Aron male Peony Angelica Masterwort of each half a pound Leaves of Sage Rosemary Marjoram Booklimes Water-cresses of each four handfuls the Flowers of Primroses Cowslips Marygolds of each three handfuls the yellow coats of six Oranges and four Limons all being slic'd and bruised pour to them of new Milk six pounds malaga-Malaga-wine two pounds distill them with common Organs let the whole Liquour be mixt Instead of the Electuary sometimes for fourteen or fifteen dayes let the use of the Syrup of Steel be interlaced wherefore let a spoonful be taken in three ounces of the distilled Water it may be made after this manner Take double refined Sugar dissolved in black Cherry Water and boyled to a Consistency for Tablets eight ounces adding of our Steel powdred three drams let them be stirred together on the Fire and then pour to them by degrees Rosemary Water warmed twelve ounces let them seeth gently for a quarter of an hour taking off the froth and pour it out warm through a hair Strainer Chalybeat Tablets also may be made after this manner viz. To the Sugar sufficiently boyled with the Steel add Oyle of Amber or Chymical Oyle of Rosemary half a dram and presently pour it forth that it may run abroad into a Consistency for Tablets the dose is two drams twice a day drinking after it of the distilled Water or of the following Apozome six ounces Take China Roots an ounce shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each half an ounce white and yellow Saunders Mastick-wood of each half an ounce let there be a warm and close infusion for a Night in six pounds of Fountain-water in the Morning add Roots of Chervil Avens Butchers-broom stone-Parsley of each an ounce and a half dryed Leaves of Ground-Ivy Sage Germander Betony of each a handful Coriander Seeds three drams let them boyle to a half then add of White-wine half a pound and strain it into a Bottle on two handfuls of Leaves of Water-cresses bruised make a warm and close infusion for two hours strain it again and keep it in a stopt Vessel In a scorbutick Palsey Juices and Expressions of Herbs often give an excellent relief Take fresh Leaves of Brooklimes Water-cresses Plantain of each four handfuls being bruised together pour to them of the distilled Water even now described eight ounces express it strongly keeping it in a Glass and let three or four ounces be given twice or thrice a day At the earliest and latest physical Hours viz. in the Evening and early in the Morning let the following Pills be taken Take Millepedes prepared three drams and a half Pearl a dram and a half Roots of bastard Dittany a dram Venice Turpentine what suffises make a mass form it into small Pills the dose is half a dram drinking after it a little draught of the distilled water For ordinary drink let either a Bochet be prescribed of Sarsa China yellow Saunders c. or small Ale with the dryed Leaves of Ground-Ivy boyled in it and of Sage with the wood Sassafras infused While these things are done for removing the Procatarxis of the Disease no less a curatory endeavour is required for its conjunct Cause viz. that any places obstructed being again opened may admit and give a free passage to the animal Spirits freed from stupefaction There are two chief kinds of Remedies which conduce much for these ends viz. the one particular and special to be applied to the Places affected to wit that by Fomentations Liniments Plaisters and other outward Applications the stupified Spirits may be raised up again and their Ductus's be opened the other universal to wit that the Blood and Spirits and the other humours and the active particles abounding in the whole Body being very much agitated and put in a more rapid Motion making as it were a swift current may force from before them and remove damms or Obstacles any where sticking by which the Spirits are obstructed The Administrations to be used to the outward
must have regard both to the Fever and to the fury The feverish burning or immoderate effervescence of the Blood which for the most part is the antecedent cause of the other affect ought in the first place to be restrained and appeased and withall the Animal Spirits ought to be pacified and freed from any violent excandescence If a Frensy happens about the beginning or middle of a Fever in a manner the same remedies and method of Curing conduce for both ends But if that affect happens upon this whilst it is in its greatest force or height the ways of curing often are contrary to each other and there is need of great caution lest while we give help to one disease we increase the other in this case the vital indication concerning the preservation of the strength has the first place and let not Blooding or Purging be used rashly and in a large measure In the former case when the Fever and Frensy are almost of the same standing let Phlebotomy which is seldom or never to be omitted presently be used and if the strength bears it let it be sometimes repeated for nothing depresses and diminishes the immoderate flame of the Blood as much as this Remedy and nothing more removes or withdraws its burning flame from the Animal oeconomy Wherefore if the case requires it let a Vein be opened sometimes in the Arm or Hand sometimes in the Leg or Foot sometimes in the Neck or Forehead sometimes haply it may be expedient to open the Artery of the Temples and sometimes also to draw Blood from other places by Leeches or Cupping-glasses for this is the chiefest relief And according to Galen this being the first and greatest of all Remedies is wont to satisfie a great many indications in the Frensy Moreover to prevent the violent recourse of the febrile matter from the Viscera to the Head Clysters will be of chief use with which if need be let the Belly always be kept soluble Vemits and Purges unless only such as are lenitive have seldome place here Let Cataplasms of Rue Cammomil Vervain Briony Roots Red Poppy-flowers with Soap be applied all over the Feet or in their place let Pidgeons slit in two be applied whilst they are warm Mean while Juleps Apozemes Powders Confections by which both the boylings of the Blood and the excandescence of the Spirits are appeased ought to be prescribed according to occasion Take the waters of Apples Black Cherries Cowslips of each four ounces of whole Citrons two ounces Pearl powdred a dram Syrup of the juice of Citrons an ounce mix them make a Julep let three ounces be taken three or four times a day Take Roots of Grass Leaves of Wood-Sorrel Burnet of each a handful Barley half an ounce Apples slic'd Corinths or Strawberries or Rasberries a handful let them boyl in four pounds of Fountain-water to the consumption of a third part to the clear straining add Syrup of Violets an ounce Sal Prunella a dram and a half Take fresh and tender leaves of Borage four handfuls Wood-Sorrel two handfuls two Apples pounded to a mash Sal Prunella two drams the pulp of one Orange double refin'd Sugar an ounce being bruis'd together pour to them of Fountain-water two or three pounds make a strong expression keep it in a glass to be clarified by setling Let six or seven ounces be taken at pleasure often in a day For quenching thirst drink at pleasure the divine drink of Palmarius viz. Fountain Water with Sugar and the Juice of a Limon or Water or Whey with the leaves of Meadow-sweet or Burnet infus'd or boyl'd in them emulsions of a decoction of the roots and flowers of Nymphaea with the seeds of Melons or fountain or distill'd Water with the pulp of boyled Apples dissolved in them Hypnoticks are often necessary in this Disease but such as are strong are not proper presently at the beginning nor may they be frequently used because sleep caused by opiats brings the matter more to the Brain and fixes it there more deeply Take Water of Cowslip flowers four ounces Syrup of Maeconium half an ounce Pearl a scruple make a draught to be taken late at night Take white Poppy-seeds two drams Sugar-candy a dram and a half being bruis'd together pour to them of white poppy-Poppy-water six ounces wring it forth and take it after the same manner Let Narcoticks consisting of meer cold things be given with caution because they do not agree with some whose Stomachs have their fibres very tender and sensible I have often observ'd that these kinds of Hypnoticks have caus'd a great oppression in the Ventricle and that then presently its inflation and a little afterward distractions and disorderings of the Spirits in the Brain nay in the whole Body followed So that not only a frustration of sleep but a mighty restlesness was caus'd Let a dose of liuqid Laudanum prepared with Salt of Tartar or the Juice of Quinces be given in a convenient liquor Epithemes also which provoke Sleep are often applied to the Temples Forehead and Sinciput with success of which kind are Oxyrrhodinum an Embrocation of Water or Milk liniments of the Oyl of Nutmegs by expression and unguentum populneum to which sometimes let five or six grains of Opium be added or a cake of Roses or of Poppy-flowers with Vinegar and Nutmeg c. Again on this account rather than for removing the inflammation of the meninx the warm lungs of a Lamb or Weather also Pidgeons or Chickens cut in two often give an excellent relief For this use the great Burr-dock bruised and mixt with Womans Milk and applied to the Sinciput shaved is greatly commended Also Penotus's Epitheme of twelve grains of Musk half a scruple of Camphire and twenty ounces of Rose-water impregnated with the Tincture of Red Saunders is commended by some Moreover not only to the Head but likewise to the Heart Liver and other parts Epithemes are wont to be applied Let a Sacculus of fine Linnen with lays of cordial Species and Cotton stuck in it and irrigated with the distilled Water or Vinegar of Roses be applied to the Praecordia also let Linnen Cloaths dipt in Vinegar of Roses be laid on the Testles Let the Feet be bathed with a decoction of the leaves of Willow Lettice and the heads of the white Poppy But let these kinds of cooling and mitigating topicks be us'd only about the beginning of the Disease in its greatest height let Resolvents and Emollients as the flowers of Cammomil Melilot Elder c. also the leaves of Mallows Arach Marjoram Hyssop and the like be added In the declination of the Disease let Resolvents only and those sparingly be used In the mean while a very great regard ought to be had of the Strength for this being too much broken all hope of Cure is lost Now the strength is wont to be soon consumed by reason of great watchings perpetual agitations of the body and mind a thin dyet and Blooding
appropriate Electuary such as above-described with a Cephalick Julep Within two months he was m uch better and afterward came to himself by degrees Whilst I was writing these things a young man of Quality lately returned from travelling beyond the Seas and being become sickly committed himself to our care This Person being formerly of a sanguine and chearful temperament of a gay behaviour also of an acute wit and a clear disposition as he travelled through Foreign Countries and being in a certain Summer in Spain he felt in himself a great alteration from the intense heats of that place For first he became obnoxious to frequent effervescencies of the Blood with sudden flushings of heat in the palms of his Hands and the soles of his Feet and to prickings often wont to arise in his whole Body and presently to go away again Afterward finding himself worse as to his Appetite and Sleep and likewise growing dull and somewhat sad he began to affect less and sometimes to shun any business or delights nay and conversation with his friends At length this indisposition daily growing worse without any manifest cause or real trouble of mind he became Melancholick so that always being thoughtful fearful and sad he took delight in nothing For Studies Exercises Travelling Conversation with learned men and all other things which before he delighted in were then wont to be a trouble or terrour to him Being affected after this manner for two years he was so much changed from himself as tho he were another man In order to a Cure he consulted the most skilful Physicians of Spain France Holland and of late in England and tryed various methods of Curing tho scarce with any benefit To wit that melancholy Discrasy of the Blood first contracted by the distemper of the Air continuing still caused Spirits of an acetous nature as it were to be supplied to the Animal oeconomy In the first place I thought good to commend to this Person the following Remedies Take Gerion's decoction of Senna with Tamarinds half an ounce four ounces Purging Syrup of Apples an ounce Aqua mirabilis two drams mix them let him take it with governance repeating it within nine days afer Purging let Bood be drawn with Leeches to three ounces Take of our Syrup of Steel six ounces let a Spoonfull be taken in the morning and atfive of the Clock in three ounces of the following Liquor walking upon it for an hour or two Take leaves of Baum Borrage Buglosse Burnet Meadow-sweet Harts-tongue Water-cresses of each four handfuls roots of Borrage half a pound Clove-gilliflowers Marygold flowers of each three handfuls the outward rinds of eight Oranges and four Lemmons Mace half an ounce being sliced and bruis'd pour to them of Whey made with Cyder eight pounds distill it with common Organs Take Conserve of Clove-gilliflowers the flowers of Betony and Borrage of each one ounce and half Pearl powdred two drams red Coral prepared a dram and a half Species of the Confection of Hyacinth two drams Syrup of Coral and red Poppyes of each what suffizes make an opiat let the quantity of a Chesnut be taken every Evening drinking after it two or three ounces of the water of Cowslip flowers After sixteen or twenty dayes the method of alteratives being changed instead of these let him take the following Take powder of Ivory Pearl red Coral prepared of each two drams Roots of male Peony a dram and a half Lignum Aloes half a dram Orange Tablets four ounces a solution of Tragacanth made in Baum-water what suffises make Tablets weighing half a dram let four be eaten in the Morning and at five of the Clock drinking after it a draught of Tea Take of the same Powder without Tablets half an ounce Flowers of Sal Armoniack Salt of Coral of each a dram with Chios Turpentine six drams make amass let half a dram be taken Morning and Evening drinking after it three ounces of the distilled Water Let him feed only on Food of a good Juice and of an easie Concoction let him drink small Ale with the Leaves of Harts-tongue infused in it he may sip a little now and then of Wine with Water in it or of Cyder Let him lead his Life continually occupied sometimes in easie Employs sometimes in moderate Exercises or Recreations of various kinds So far of universal Melancholy in which the diseased are in a manner indifferently affected by any Object so that in every place by any Accidents and Circumstances they are continually perplext with a multitude of Thoughts with a Raving Fear and Sadness A Melancholy is said to be Special when the diseased have regard to some particular thing or to some certain kind of things of which they in a manner alwayes think and by reason of all the Powers of the Soul being continually spent in this one thing they live always pensive and sad Moreover they have absurd and incongruous Notions not only concerning that Object but also concerning many other Accidents and Subjects In this affect the corporeal soul being altered from its proper Species assumes a certain new one and being not conformable to the rational Soul or to the Body or to it self it undergoes a certain Metamorphosis There are two kinds of occasions from which a particular Melancholy chiefly and most frequently arises viz. first if at any time some severe pressure of an Evil present or at hand whether it be true or imaginary lyes upon the Soul or secondly if the privation of a good before obtained or the despair of that which is desired happen In these opposite Cases the corporeal Soul either being allur'd outwardly omits all domestick care of it self or of the Body or of the rational Soul or being inwardly compress'd it leaves or perverts the offices both of the Reason and of the Vital and Animal Function It were a thing of an immense Labour to enumerate the various Cases and wayes of affecting in both kinds among the mighty store of them those which being of greatest moment seem chiefly to require a physical help are a furious Love Jealousie Superstition despair of eternal Salvation the imaginary Metamorphosis of the Body or of its Parts or the fantastical Goods or Evils of Fortune we shall speak briefly of each of these It is a vulgar and most common observation that if any one once being taken with the Aspect and Conversation of a Woman begins inwardly to be love-sick for her and to desire her earnestly and for his most devoted affection gets nothing but denials and Contempt unless he be upheld by a very strong Reason or being seized by other affections be turned another way as it were there is great danger lest he fall into a Love-melancholy with which Passion if he happen to be affected presently he seems transformed from himself into a living Statue as it were he thinks or speaks of nothing but his Mistris he seeks to put himself upon any of the greatest dangers of Life and Fortune
Cataplasms of Chammomil Mallows Marshmallows Linseed and Faenugreek seeds do little or no good nay often much offend the nervous parts by relaxing them the Dissolutions or Stillatitious Liquours of Sal Armoniack Sea-salt Nitre Vitriol quick Lime and the like which in other Humours and Pains are always offensive are wont to prove very beneficial Of these kinds of Liquours to be applyed to the part pained in Fits of the Gout several are prescribed by Quercitan Crollius Hartman and other Chymists which since other famous Physicians upon frequent tryals have approved off we conclude them to have given relief for the foresaid reason I need not repeat here the forms of these as I could suggest many other Preparations of the same sort I shall here only add one or two Take Salt of Tartar and Armoniack powdred of each two ounces dissolve them in four pounds of Rain-water or Fountain-water let it be used luke-warm with Linnen-Cloaths dipt in them Take spirit of Vitriol not rectified a pound Sea-salt calcin'd and powdred a pound mix them and distill them in a Glass Retort with a sand heat there will come forth a pure spirit of Salt to wit which being driven from its seat by the distilled Liquor of the Vitriol and leaving to it its possession will easily dscend to the Caput mortuum pour Spirit of Wine two pounds make a close and warm digestion adding of Camphire two drams let it be applyed warm to the part grieved with Linnen Cloaths Take filings of Iron Flowers of Sal Armoniack of each six ounces mix them by boyling them together let it be distilled in a Glass Retort till the Flowers are sublimed to the caput mortuum bruis'd pour spirit of Wine digest and keep it for use I have heard that some for appeasing Pains of the Gout put the foot affected in a bag fill'd with Sea-salt calcin'd and powdred from which they still expect a certain and quick relief In the declination of the Fit to strengthen the part and to discuss the remainder of the morbifick matter Plaisters are usefully applyed which nevertheless do not all agree indifferently with all Persons but with these more hot with othérs less hot tho with most those are wont to be most efficacious in which are red Lead Litharge Mercury and other mineral or saline things we use chiefly a Plaister of red Lead Cerusse and Soap boyled with Oyle or take the red Lead Plaister two parts Paracelsus's Playster one part mix them and spread them on Leather Inward Remedies to be used against Pains of the Gout are in a manner only Narcoticks which ought to be given in a cruel and long continued Pain Of these we most commend Preparations of Opium with Salt of Tartar or its Tincture Moreover for this use Paracelsus's or the London Laudanum Pilul de Styrace de Cynoglosso Syrup of Meconium Venice Treacle and Diascordium are wont to prove beneficial The second indication called preservatory has respect to the removal of the Procatarctick Causes of the Gout so that the Fits of the Gout may molest with invasions more seldom and less or not at all For this end evacuating altering and corroborating Remedies together with an exact sorm of Dyet are prescribed to be used out of the Fits 1. Therefore Gouty persons ought to Purge solemnly Spring and Fall and it will be convenient then to give a Vomit if nothing indicates the contrary and afterward to repeat it sometimes by intervals Those who have a strong Stomach and Praecordia may take Mineral Emeticks prepar'd of Antimony and Mercury Those who are of a more tender constitution after having eaten slippery food may take Wine of Squills or Salt of Vitriol with Whey Afterward the Stomach being filled with warm Water or plain Posset-drink or with the leaves of Carduus boyled in it let a Vomiting be raised twice or thrice or oftner For Purging to be used also frequently at fit intervals of time the forms of Purges above prescribed may be proper enough Or Take threads of black Hellebore cleansed an ounce lignum aloes Cloves of each two drams being bruised pour to them of Spirit of Wine not rectified two pounds let there by a close and warm digestion for many days the dose is two or three spoonfuls in the morning twice or thrice a week and let Vomiting and Purging always be begun before the Equinoxes lest haply the fit hapning first may prevent the course of Physick Blooding or opening of the hemorrhoid Vessels are sometimes proper Spring and Fall to Persons of a hot temperament and a sharp Blood Cauteries made in the Arms and near the Shoulder-blades are useful in a manner to all that are obnoxious to this Disease Moreover altering Remedies call'd by the Ancients the Antidotes of the Gout are of excellent use and being taken sor a long time together with an exact governance as to the six nonnatural things often give great relief In this rank Medicines endow'd with a Volatile Salt or a Balsamick Sulphur to wit inasmuch as these exalt the fixt Salt and those reduce the acetous are accounted the chief again bitter and astringent things as the Herbs Germander Groundpine Centory Roots of Gentian and Birthwort c. since they are approv'd of by experience in this Disease seem to be profitable for this reason that they help the offices of Concoction and Chylification and keep the saline faeculencies from being carried into the Blood Let us set down certain forms of each of these Take Powder of Groundpine six dram Crabs-eyes two drams Venice Turpentine what suffices make small Pills let three or four be taken in the evening and morning for thirty or firty days drinking after it of the following distill'd Water two or three ounces Take leaves of Cypress Firr Misteltoe growing on Apple-trees of each six handfuls Roots of Avens the great Burr-dock of each a pound the outward rinds of ten Oranges and six Limons Nutmegs Mace of each an ounce being all slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of fresh Milk seven pounds Malaga Sack a pound let them be distilled according to art let the whole liquor be mixt Or let a plain Water be prepared of the leaves of the great Burr-dock cohobating it twice or thrice on fresh leaves Take Powder of the Seeds of the great Burr-dock six drams Crabs-eyes two drams Nutmegs half a dram Balsamum Capivii what suffices make a mass and let it be made into little Pills let four be taken in the evening and morning for many dayes Take Tincture of Antimony an ounce the Dose is twenty drops to twenty five in the evening and early in the morning with three ounces of the water even now describ'd To poor People I use to prescribe after this manner Take powder of the leaves of Sage half a pound Crabs-eyes Saccharum Crystallinum of each two ounces mix them let it be kept in a glass let a spoonful be taken twice a day with a draught of the decoction of the leaves of
Remedies all these things are to be done methodically we shall deliver The cure of the Pain of the Colick is begun most commonly and proper enough by a Clyster let this in the first place be only lenifying and emollient by which as by an inward Fomentation the corrugations of the Fibres may be mitigated and the raging of the Spirits be appeased for this end warm Milk with Sugar or Molossus or Syrup of Violets also emollient Decoctions of Mallows Marsh-mallows Herb Mercury and the Flowers of Melilot Elder with Oyle of Almonds or of Olives also a Decoction of a Sheeps-head or Calves Feet are proper sometimes a Clyster of meer Oyle of Olives or of Linseeds are wont to give help before all others But in case mild Clysters do not easily come away or not loosen the Belly let such be used as irritate more and press and draw out by force as it were the Humours from the little Mouths of the Arteries for this end let carminative or better Decoctions be prepared in which let the Electuary Diaphaenicon Diacatholicon or e baccis Lauri or Species Hierae be dissolved Also to those Liquors it is usual to add three or four ounces of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum or to a pound of an emollient Decoction add of Venice Turpentine dissolved with the yolk of an Egg an ounce or an ounce and a half or take Vrine of a sound man a pound Venice Turpentine dissolved an ounce and a half Molossus an ounce mix them make a Clyster I have known this often to have given a great relief the reason of which seems to be that the balsamick Particles of the Turpentine comfort the intestines and like wise being received by the Venous Blood and circulated with it through the whole Body they move Urine so that a copious making of water often follows such a Clyster and it always carries a smell of Violets haply also the Particles of the Turpentine diftus'd every where move the morbifick or stagnating matter or incline that which is acetous or otherwise degenerate to a better Crasis Whilst the Intestines are so washt with Clysters and fomented as it were inwardly let outward Epithems also be applyed to the Abdomen Take leaves of both Mallows herb Mercury Wallwort of each four handfuls flowers of Elder Camomill Melilot of each two handfuls a Calves-head cloven Let them boyl in a sufficient quantity of fountain-Fountain-water Let the straining be used for a fomentation with linnen Cloaths dipt into it as warm as may be suffered and wrung forth and applied by turns repeating it as often as the pains press violently In the Intervals of the fomentation let a Cataplasm or Liniment be used To the magma of the Herbs bruised add Outmeal what suffices make a Cataplasm and let it be sewn in rows in two bags of a square figure for covering the Abdomen Let one of these be warmed at a time in a Platter on hot Coals with Oyl of Earth-worms or of Froggs let it be put on warm changing it assoon as it begins to grow cold Or Take Oyl of Earth-worms or of Froggs what suffices let the Part paining be anointed after the fomentation and let cap Paper moistened be applied and worn The Cawl of a Lamb or the Lungs or other warm Viscera of Brutes laid on the Belly and often changed sometimes wonderfully appease pains I have observed in some constitutions and temperaments that Epithems of hot thins or applied hot have rather encreast pains than mittigated them Wherefore in these cases it seems necessary to order fomentations of the Solutions of Nitre or Sal Armoniack or of other Chymical Liquors as in pains of the Gout sometimes as Septalius relates of meet cold Water But if the Gripes of the Belly do not remit by the use of these things we must use hypnoticks viz. which being given in a set dose often give great truce Mean while for refreshing the strength and failing Spirits and to order yet a greater Apparatus against the Disease Take liquid Laudanum tartarized from sixteen drops to twenty give it going to rest in a spoonful of the water of Camomil-flowers drinking after it of the same six spoonfuls let it be repeated every other or third night if the pains are very pressing In a hot constitution Take water of Camomil-flowers three ounces Syrup of Meconium half an ounce Aqua Mirabilis two drams make a draught to be taken going to rest Mean while that these things are done for appeasing pains and either for discussing or at leastwise loosning this matter sticking in the morbid fears let evacuating Remedies have their turns to wit both for wholly extirpating the Minera of the Colick and for cutting off the supplies or fuel of it that it grow no further For these ends a Vomit where it agrees and a gentle Purge and also in a hot temperament where a Fever presses or is feared Blooding ought to be used Take Sulphur of Antimony from five Grains to seven or eight conserve of Borage a dram give it in the Morning with Governance In this case according to the Judgment of a Physician present either an infusion of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae the Emetick Tartar of Mynsicht an expression of the Leaves of asarum and in tender Constitutions Salt of Vitriol and Wine and Oximel of Squills may be given Let Purges lest they nauseate the Stomack which is distempered be given only in a very small Dose and in a meet Form Take Rosin of Jalap and of Scammony of each five grains Cream of Tartar a Scruple Cinnamon powdred four Grains make a Powder or let it be made into Pills or a Bolus with conserve of the Flowers of Borrage or of Damask Roses Take Scammony sulphured half a Scruple Cream of Tartar fifteen Grains Diaphoretick Antimony a Scruple make a Powder let it be given after the same manner If a Fever does not press give a dose of Stomak Pills with Gums or of Amber either by themselves or with Rosin of Jalap Take Pilulae Rudii from twenty Grains to half a dram Laudanum one Grain make four Pills let them be taken going to rest these first bring sleep and purge in the morning Or. Take Calomelanos a Scruple Rosin of Jalap six Grains Scammony four Grains Ammoniacum what suffises make four Pills let them be taken going to rest In a long continued Colick when all other Remedies have done little or no good I have often known this Medicine given once or twice to have raised a Salivation to the great relief of the Diseased for if at any time the morbifick Matter plentifully gathered together in the Nervous Plexus's and other places about the Abdomen and there firmly sticking is not able to be moved by other Medicines the Mercurial Particles displaying themselves every way easily dissolve it and divide it into minute parts and drive them variously this way and that and at length wholly dissipate them Wherefore in a long continued and obstinate
same only for a shorter space nor is it matter whether it be taken in white-White-wine or Sack but with respect to the Temperaments of the Diseased for in a hot Temperament it may conveniently be taken in a distilled Water or Whey also it s clear infusion the thick substance thrown away produces the like effect but of shorter continuance I have ordered this Powder to be given to some made into Pills with Mucilage of Tragacanth with the like henefit to the Diseased after what manner soever it be taken it cause no manifest Evacuation unless it be in such as are apt to cast and loath all Physick and it takes away the fit in a manner in all nor is it only given with benefit in a Quartan Fever but in other kinds of intermittents viz. in all where there interceeds a time of cessation of the Fever It is commonly ordered that a gentle Purge be given before the use of this but in some who have been very weak and kept their Beds this Powder taken alone without a previous Purge has procur'd laudable effects mean while I must ingeniously consess that I have not yet seen an intermittent Fever throughly cured by once giving this Powder nay not only fits of a Quartan Fever but of a Tertian and Quotidian easie to be wholly overcome by other Remedies seeming to be driven away with this constantly returned after a short time for this reason those who when there is no case of Necessity suppress intermittent Fevers only for a short while by this Medicine they being easie to be cured other wayes seem to proceed deceitfully in Physick nor more to the purpose than those who heal over a hollow Ulcer which will presently break forth again Indeed in some cases the use of this may be proper enough viz. when by the too great assiduity of fits the strength of the Diseased is very much spent times of truce may be provured by this means whereby Nature may recollect her self and afterward more powerfully oppose her Enemy also this Powder is conveniently given that the Quartan Fever may be past over with less tediousness during the Autumn and Winter But those who desire to be long vacant from the Incursions of that Fever are advised to take this Powder in a great quantity and often viz. two drams for three fits one after the other whether the acccesses return or not by this means they continue free the longer but still keep the latent Enemy within them tho laid asleep If it be enquired concerning the nature of this Bark and of its Vertue in suppressing the fits of intermittent Fevers we must not dissemble but it is a difficult thing to explicate the causes of these kinds of Effects and of the wayes of operating because we cannot find the like efficacy in any subject besides and a general rule is not well adapted to a singular experiment however by a diligent conferring the Phoenomena we shall make an orderly deduction of certain Positions which is they do not attain the truth of this matter at least wise may make some step towards it In the first place it may be observed that this Medicine inwardly taken chiefly exercises its force and energy on the mass of Blood for it does not at all irritate the Viscera nor does it cause any exertion or trouble to them Moreover until its vertue be communicated to the Blood its antipyretick sorce is not at all exerted wherefore the fit immediately ensuing is not always prevented but the second or third after its being taken and for this reason that it may affect the Blood the sooner it is usual that together with the Powder a Liquour strongly impreguated with the same be given for so its Particles are more readily conveyed into the mass of Blood Secondly the vertue of that Bark conveyed itno the Blood continues for some time in it and that shorter or longer according as a greater or lesser portion of the Medicine is inwardly taken for the Particles of this mixt with the Cruor are circulated a long time with it and the more ther are of them the more they affect its mass and produce a more lasting affect for tho Aliments and certain other things taken inwardly in as much as they are presently subdued by the natural heat assimilated or cast forth cease to operate yet some Medicines taken into the Body because they are not easily subdued nor by a sudden irritation are presently sent forth continue very active for many dayes and keep the Blood and Jucies a long time in this or that course of Fermentation this may be observed of certain Medicines also of Poysons and many Antidotes whereof one only giving is wont to affect our Bodies for many daies and the same repeated for a longer time for it is usual after Cathartick Medicines if at any time they do nto operate by Vomit or Seige that Pimples and Pushes break forth outwardly after many Weeks Moreover if after Toxicum being drank Death be escap'd every man knows that its virulency lurches for a very long time in the Blood and Juices In like manner also this Powder and haply a great many other things inwardly taken continue still to act on the Spirits and Humours how much soever they seem lulled a sleep Thirdly tho that Medicine acts immediately on the Blood and Humours yet it does not throughly take away the feverish Discrasy seated in them for as soon as its force is spent and all its Particles are past off from the mixture of the Blood the affect suppressed only for a time breaks forth anew and takes to its accesses after its wonted manner but for as much as nature during this time of cessation is become more strong therefore after the relaps the fits are wont to return not as before but on the third or fourth day according to the first Type of the Disease Fourthly it is to be observed that this Remedie does not stop the accesses of Fevers as vulgar sebrisuges by fixing or also by susing the Blood for then always the imminent fit and not the second or third to follow after would be prevented Which things being considered that we may subjoyn some things as a Corallary concerning the way of operating whereby this Medicine seems to Work we say that its likely that when the Particles proceeding from the same taken inwardly are mixt with the Blood they force it into a certain new Fermentation wherewith whilst the Particles of the Blood are continually agitated they are wholly hindred from heaping together an excrementitious matter and from falling into feverish Turgescencies for as after the biting of a Mad-dog or the stinging of venemous Animals the Blood it self and nervous Juyce are long poyson'd yet Alexipharmicks taken hinder them from falling prefently into great Irregularities by keeping their Uquours in another Fermentation the use of which if so long continued till the virulent Corpuscles are wholly past away no dreadful svmptom is fear'd from
Motion of the Body or Perturbation of Mind from an ambient heat as that of the Sun or of a Stove by hot things inwardly taken as drinking of Wine eating of peppered Meats and the like for the Spirits of the Blood easily wax very hot of their own accord and being violently moved are not presently appeased but exagitate variously confound and force to a rapid and disorderly Motion other Particles of the Blood also by this Motion of the Spirits the Sulphur or the oily part of the Blood is more boyled a little more dissolved and somewhat more freely kindled in the Heart whence an intense heat is raised in the whole Body but for as much as the Sulphur is heated and inflamed only by minute Parts and not throughout the whole that fervour of the Spirits is soon allayed and ceases Wherefore the Fever which is raised after this manner is terminated for the most part within twenty four hours and therefore is called an Ephemera And if by reason of a greater heat of the spirituous Blood it be prorogued longer it seldom exceeds three dayes and it is called an Ephemera of many dayes or a Synochus not putrid but if it happens to be extended beyond this time this Fever readily passes into a putrid to wit from the long continued ebullition of the spirituous Blood at length the grosser Particles of the Sulphur fall a burning and involve the whole mass of Blood in this Effervescence An Ephemera Fever and a simple Synochus seldom begin without an evident Cause besides the things before-mentioned immoderate Labour Watchings a sudden Passion of the Mind a constriction of the Pores Surfeiting also a Bubo or Wound in Child-bearing Women an increase of milk are wont to bring these the procatarctick causes which dispose to them are a hot temper of Body an Athletick habit a Sedentary Life and a Disuse of Exercise The first beginnings of this Disease depend on the presence of an Evident Cause for either the Corpuscles of an extraneous heat mixt with Blood make it boyl like Water on the Fire or a Fever is brought by motion or by reason of Transpiration being letted even as when Wines being heated or stopt close in a Vessel are set in a strong working after what manner soever the inflammation be first rais'd presently the Spirits make an effort and moving hither and thither force the Blood to boyl and to inlarge it self in a greater space with a frothy rarefaction wherefore the Vessels are stretcht and the membranous Parts are vellicated hence a Pain especially in the Head and Loyns a spontaneous lassitude and an inflation as it were of the whole Body ensue But if with the Spirit of the Blood some sulphury Part withall be somewhat kindled a smart heat is diffus'd through the whole the Pulse becomes high and quick the Urine ruddy also Thirst Watchings and many other offensive Symptoms arise Concerning the Solution or Crisis of an Ephemera Fever and of a Synochus not putrid there are three things chiefly requisite viz. a removal of the evident Cause secondly a severing or difflation of the depraved or excrementitious matter from the Mass of Blood thirdly an appeasing of the parts of the Blood and their restitution to a natural and even motion and site According as these things happen sometimes sooner sometimes slower and with more difficulty this Disease is ended in a shorter or longer time 1. The Evident Cause which for the most part is extrinsecal is easily remov'd and Diseased Persons as soon as ever they perceive themselves injur'd by any thing are wont to avoid the presence of or continuance with that thing no Person being in a Fever upon drinking Wine continues still to drink it when any Person grows more hot than usual by the heat of a Bath or of the Sun it is irksome to him to continue in it longer 2. As to the excrementitious matter which ought to be separated and blown off from the Blood this is either brought from without as when by surfeiting drinking of Wine standing in the Sun or bathing in hot Water the Blood is infected with hot and fermentative effluvia's or Corpuscles or that matter is ingendred inwardly as when upon the deflagration of the Blood its Liquor is stuff't with adust Recrements or Particles both these Matters must be separated and blown off from the Blood and be sent forth either by Sweat or insensible Transpiration before the Fever is appeas'd wherefore when the Pores are clos'd and Transpiration is hindred the Ephemera Fever continues a longer time and passes from a simple Synochus into a putrid Fever 3. The Evident Cause being remov'd and this degenerated Matter blown off for a cessation of the burning heat there is required an appeasing of the Parts of the Blood and a reducement of them to order for a rapid and disorderly motion begun in the Blood is not presently stopt but ought to be allay'd by degrees also the divers Particles of the Blood disorder'd after this manner and being driven this way and that by reason of the feverish effervescence do not presently take to their former order of site and position but it is necessary that they be extricated by degrees and restored to their due mixture by little and little Tho this Disease after the removal of the Evident Cause ceases for the most part of its own accord yet some Physical Remedies are advantageously applied to Use especially where there is danger lest the Ephemera Fever passes into a putrid The chief Intentions must be to allay the fervour of the Blood and to procure a free Transpiration to which chiefly conduce blooding a very thin Diet or rather abstinence cooling Drinks a withdrawing the excrements of the Belly by Clysters but above the rest Sleep and Rest do most good which if wanting they must be seasonably procur'd by Opiats and Anodines A renowned young man about twenty years of age of an athletick habit of Body by an immoderate drinking of strong Wine fell into a feverish distemper with a drought heat and a mighty trouble of the Praecordia being blooded he drank a vast quantity of fountain-water and thereupon a copious sweat presently ensuing he soon recovered An ingenious young man of a sedentary Life and withall very much addicted to the study of Learning when of late he had exercis'd himself above measure in the Summer Sun began to complain of a Head-ach a want of Appetite a trouble of the Praecordia and a feverish distemperature over the whole Body To whom in regard he loathed all Physick I ordered a total Abstinence unless it were from small Beer and Barley-meats On the second day and again more on the third the Symptoms remitted by little and little at length on the fourth he became free from his Fever without any Medicine CHAP. IX Of the Putrid Fever A Putrid Fever is when the oily or sulphureous part of the Blood being too much heated grows turgid above measure and
be given for I have diligently observ'd that an over-hasty eating of Flesh or of a rich Food has oftentimes brought these Fevers For Women in Child-bed ought to be managed not only as Persons sorely woulded but as having gotten a feverish Indisposition from a troubled Crasis and Distemperature of the Blood for in them the Blood being for a long time too much exalted and inspired with an impure Miasm presently upon the Access of any sulphureous Fuel takes a light Flame The second Care after Diet must be that the Pores be not clos'd or the Lochia stopt upon the unwary Admission of an outward Cold for upon the lightest occasion the way of the Transpiration being chang'd the Blood before fermenting falls into Disorders also the Womb being touch'd with the breath of the Air contracts it self and closes the Mouths of the Vessels that the Lochia do not flow wherefore in any wise Women ought to be kept in Bed five days after Child-bearing I know its the vulgar way to take Women out of Bed the third day but I have known many to have fall'n into Fevers thereby and in truth if we will have Child-bearing Women secure from danger the safest way will be to keep them in Bed longer There remains a third Scope concerning Preservation that in Women in Child-bed by giving somewhat gently to stir the Blood we continue a flowing of the Lochia for this end Midwives are wont if at any time after a difficult Child-birth that Evil be fear'd to give Sperma coeti Powder of Irish Slate or Saffron steep'd with white-White-wine moreover to prepare Broths that they may fuse the Blood more of Water mixed with White or Rhenish Wine in which or also in Whey they boyl Mary gold-flowers Penny Royal or Mugwort There are a great many other kinds of Administrations in use for Women in Child-bed which I willingly pass by as being valgarly known The Cure of the Fever following Child-birth far differs from the Method used in Putrids for in that it is not to be expected that the Blood being struck with a Febrile Burning should burn on by degrees and then should subdue the adust Recrements heap'd together by degrees in its Bosom and should separate the same by a Crisis but rather as is best done in a malignant assoon as the Blood boyls immoderately it is good to exagitate it and to send forth its haeterogeneous and impure Mixtures by Remedies gently promoting Sweat wherefore it is usual among the Vulgar and that not amiss to give presently Sudorificks to Women in Child-bed that are feverish by this means the Blood being eventilated its Effervescence is appeased also by reason of its Agitation the Lochia apt to be restrained are stimulated to a flowing It is much disputed among Authors whence the Beginnings of these kinds of Fevers ought to be computed to wit Whether from the Birth it self or from the first Sense of the Feverishness but it little matters whether it be concluded this way or that for since this Fever does not justly observe the wonted Stages of Putrids nor is to have a Crisis nor at all admits the use of a Cathartick Remedy there is no cause for us to be any ways sollicitous concerning its Period or Mensuration as to days but it will be only useful for us to distinguish concerning its curative Indications of what things are to be done in the Beginning Encrease and End of this Disease what also we ought to attempt while the Strength holds somewhat good and what in the same being depressed and greatly dejected When therefore any Woman brought to Bed is first affected with this Fever whose Invasion is distinguished from the Lacteal because it begins for the most part with a cold Shivering presently we must endeavour that the Fewel be plentifully withdrawn from the burning Blood and as I have advised above let the Flesh of Animals or Broths made of the same be wholly forbidden for these fix the Blood and constipate it too much and hinder its purging which is very necessary both by the Lochia and by cutaneous Transpiration and rather tho the Fever be pressing let Decoctions Powders and Confections be given of moderately hot things of this kind as I said before are the Decoctions or distilled Waters of the Flowers of Marygolds of the Leaves of Penny-royal of Mugwort of the Roots of Scorzonera also bezoartick Powders Spirit of Harts-horn the fixed Salts of Herbs c. If the Lochia are stopt we must try all ways to move them to flow again for promoting these Frictions conduce and Ligatures about the Thighs and Legs also in the Soles of the Feet sometimes cupping Glasses or Vesicatories about the Thighs or Hips also in the Soles of the Feet sometimes also Blooding in the Ancle is good mean while let a Fomentation of an hysterick Decoction be applyed about the Share or let a Weathers Caul taken forth warm be laid on the lower Part of the Belly it has been found by Experience that Pessaries and uterine Injections have sometime done good if the Belly be costive let it be gently loos'ned by the Violet Suppository or an emollient Clyster We must beware of a too strong Irritation because it is known that in Child-bed the Strength is suddenly cast down with a Swooning by a copious Purging even as in a Malignant Fever If at any time with a Suppression of the Lochia there be a mighty Perturbation of the Blood with a Vomiting a Thirst and Watchings I have often known Laudanum mix'd with Saffron given with good Success Instead of a cooling Julep this kind of Mixture may be proper viz. Take Water of Penny-royal and of Bawm of each three ounces Histerick-water two ounces Syrup of Mugwort an ounce and a half Tincture of Saffron two drams Castoreum tyed in a Rag and hung in the Glass a Scruple Mix them Let three or four Spoonfuls of this be taken divers times in a day 2. If notwithstanding the use of these kinds of Remedies the Fever still grows worse and is increased by degrees with a worse Apparatus of Symptoms so that besides the Disorders of the Blood the Brain and nervous Parts begin to be affected Medicines tho a great many of them of every kind are tryed oftentimes can do nothing nay in this ease the Indications are in a manner coincident with those that are to be made use of in the Plague it self for the Lochia being a good while supprest they cannot easily or searce at all be brought again in a great Confusion of the Blood and Humours therefore it is good quickly to raise a Sweat to wit That the Corruptions made in the Blood and nervous Juice and restagnating from the Womb may in some sort be sent forth by Sweat and insensible Transpiration wherefore here Bezoartck Powders and Confections Spirit of Harts-horn or of Soot Tinctures of Coral or of Pearl conduce I have sometimes seen that by the help of these kinds of Medicines in a desperate