covered four or five days then distil them as aforesaid To make it stronger do thus When you have distilled any Hearb as aforesaid in a common Still by putting a Paper under them to prevent burning and drying the Cake overmuch Put the Water and the Cake together into a hot Still or Alembick and let them stand warm 24 hours then distil them and if you would have the Water yet stronger pour this Water upon more Cakes and do as before and if there be any Oyl upon the top of the Water separate it thus you shall have a very strong and excellent Water Or if you perform this distillation in a glasse Gourd in a gentle Balneo that is in warm-water your water will be very good and far excelling the water distilled the common way To know the virtue and use of these waters you must find the virtue of the hearb by some Herball or History of Plants and Hearbs If you would have a distilled water out of flowers which shall retaine the smell of the flower do thus Take Roses Violets Honey-suckles or what other flower you would distill pick them being first gathered in a fair and Sunshine day infuse a handfull or two of them into two quarts of the best White-wine the space of half an hour not much longer lest with the subtill spirit the carthy part also come forth then take them forth and infuse in the same Wine the same quantity of flowers do so eight or ten times Then put the Wine into a glasse body or Gourd and close the joynts well with Lutement and distill it in a gentle Balneo or place your Glasse over the Vapour of hot water that so the subrill spirit only may assend By this meanes you shall have a water of a most fragrant odour You may distill a water strong of the vegetable out of dried hearbs thus Take of any hearb dried or seed or root if you please a pound put it into twelve pints of clear spring water let it stand warm as aforesaid then distill it in a hot Still or Alembick to this distilled water add more dried hearbs and distill againe as often as you please till your water become like a Spirit Or if you add white-White-Wine to the hearb it will be the stronger which leads me to the distylled waters prescribed by the Colledge of Phisitians of one of which I shall set down the manner of distilling and content my self in describing the virtues and quantity to be used of the rest Spiritus aqua Absynthii minus composita The Spirit and Water of Wormwood the lesser Composition Take of the Leaves of dried Wormwood two pound Annis seed half a pound sleep them in six Gallons of small Wines twenty four hours then distill them in an Alembeck adding to every pound of the distilled water two ounces of the best Sugar Let the two first pound you draw off be called the Spirit of Wormwood the rest wormwood-wormwood-Water the lesse composition In the same manner omitting the Anniseeds you may distill the Spirit and Water of any hearb root flower or seed whatsoever Spiritus aqua Absynthii magis composita The Spirit and Water of Wormwood the greater Composition Take of common and Roman Wormwood of each a pound Sage Mints Salme of each two handfull the roots of Galanga Ginger Calamus Aromations and Elitampane of each three drachms Liquoris one ounce and Raisons of the Sun stoned three ounces the seeds of Annis and sweet Fennell of each three drachms Cinamon Cloves Nutmegs of each two drachms Cardamoms and Cubebs of each one drachm let the things that are to be cut be cut and bruised that are to be bruised and all of them infused in twenty four pints of Spanish Wine for twenty four houres then distilled in an Alembeck add two ounces of white Sugar to every pint of distilled water Call the first pint the Spirit of Wormwood the greater Composition The vertues are these it heats and strengthens the Stomach and Lungs helps Concoction and stays Vomiting it kills Wormes in the Stomach and Belly expells wind mitigates the paines of the Teeth The dose is from three drachms to half an ounce Spiritus aqua Angelicae magis Composita The Spirit and Water of Angelica the greater Composition It comforteth the heart and vitall Spirits it rarefieth and discusseth flatuous humors it is good against Poyson taken against the Pestilence it is prevalent and a good preservative in pestilentiall times and against ill Aires It is good against Crudities of the Stomach and diseases of the Matrix proceeding from a cold cause The dose is from two drachms to six Spiritus Lavendalae Compositus The Compound Spirit of Lavender This is a very chargeable Spirit and is of great efficacy against passions of the Heart Convulsions Cramps Palsies Apoplexies and all sleepy diseases vertigo and comforts a cold brain The dose is the same with the former Spiritus Castorei Spirit of Castor It resisteth Poyson and is good for such as are bitten by Venemous Creatures gives speedy delivery to Women in Travail and easeth the Fits of the Mother It helpeth Deasness proceeding from stoppage mixed with White Wine and dropped into the Ears It is good against the Diseases mentioned in the former The Dose is from half a drachm to a drachm Give it in something that is cooler Aqua Petasitidis Composita The Water of Butter bur Compound It is good against the Pestilence and a good preservative in Pestilential Times it gives ease to those who are short-winded easeth the Fits of the Mother it dryes up moist Humours in those that have Sores hard to be cured The Dose is two three or four drachms in some cooling Cordial Aqua Raphani Composita Radish Water compound This Water is good against obstructions of the Liver Spleen and Womb prevaileth against the Scurvey and cleanseth Women after their lying in The Dose is from two drachms to half an ounce Aqua Peoniae Composita The Compound Water of Peony This is very prevalent against the Falling Sickness and Convulsions If the Fits come daily take it Morning and Evening If it come Weekly take it at the New or Full Moon the first or last Quarter If the Disease decline give it onely at New and Full Moon In the Fit it is good to rub the Jaws Nostrils and Temples with it The Dose is from two drachms to six Aqua Bezoartica Or Bezoar Water It withstands Melancholy and is good for such as are in Consumptions It strengtheneth the Heart and Vital Spirits It is Diaphoretick and is good in Pestilential Feavers The Dose is from half a drachm to a drachm Give it with other cooling Cordials Aqua Spiritus Lumbricorum Magistralis The Magistral Water and Spirit of Earth-Worms I conceive this was composed for a Restorative for such people that have lingring Diseases occasioned by obstruction of the Liver Spleen and Kidneys as the Evil Habit Hypochondriack Melancholy Scurvey c. The Dose
thing turneth round and suddainly his sight faileth him all things appear misty and dark This disease is caused through inordinate moving of windy vapours and Spirits contained in the Brain or in the Mouth of the Stomach offending the Brain The Sign Those that are thus troubled a darknesse and mist appears before their eys upon every light occasion especially if they turn about It astonisheth him to see a man a wheele or any thing turn round When it is accompanied with sound and noise in the ears and vehement pain in the Head with much heavinesse the deprivation or debility of any of the senses these are infallible testimonies that the cause of the distemper lyeth in the Brain then is the fit worst when the head is heat by the Sâ—n or any other means If gnawing of the stomach or a disposition to vomit precede the fit then the disease proceedeth from the mouth of the Stomach This Disease is oftentimes a Prodormus or forerunner of the Epilepsie or Falling-sicknesse and sometimes of the Apoplexie The Epilepsy is a Writhing Cramp and Convulsion of all the parts of the Body it attacheth and much hurteth the sense and mind Sometimes it is caused through grosse and clammy flegm or choler stopping the passage of the Ventricles of the Brain and sometimes from the mouth of the Stomack as in the Vertigo There goeth before this Disease an evil state of the body and mind sadnesse forgetfulnesse troublesome dreams ach of the Head and continual fullnesse of the same palenesse of the Face and inordinate moving of the Tongue The Sign They who are afflicted with this Disease fall down are plucked up together they tremble and turn about snort cry out beat themselves and foam at the Mouth The Cure It is good for those that are thus afflicted to eschue all meats of a hard digesture and such as afford a crude nourishment or breed fumosities observe the same in all Diseases of the Head In the beginning of the cure make the body soluble by Clysters if need be If plentitude appear and the sick be of a sanguine complexion begin the cure with blood letting otherwise observe the same order before prescribed in the Cephalaea or Headach proceeding of grosse and phlegmatick humours this remembring to adde to the Medicines there described the roots and seeds of Peony and Misleto of the Oake which have a notable faculty in the cure of the Falling-sicknesse as experience teacheth Make use of the sudorifick drink there described thirty or fourty days adding to every dose three or four drops of Vitriol You must purge the sick with Pillulae Cochiae Pillulae cum Agarico or such as purge flegm but remember to regulate your purges according to the strength of the sick and to prepare the body with Medicines which do attenuate and cut grosse and thick humours as be the syrups of Wormwood Hysop Stechas or Oximel scilliticum or with the decoction of Hysop the roots of Peony or such like Stibium is of great force and doth mightily purge the superfluous humours of the Head you must use it thus take 12 grains and make it into fine powder put it into four ounces of Wine and there let it remain 24 hours shaking it every three or four hours then powre off the Wine leaving the powder and drink it with a little Sugar let none use this Medicine but such as have strong Bodies and be first well advised by a skilful Physitian The syrup of Tobacco mentioned by Quercetanus in his Pharmacopaeia is of great force and virtue against this disease but before you make use thereof be well advised as I said before After the Body hath been diligently and carefully purged it is meet you make use of this or such like Medicines viz. Take of the flowers of Betony Rosemary Peony and Buglosse of each one ounce the root of Eringo and the rind of Citrons preserved of each two drachms powder of Sassafras one ounce of the seed of Peony and Misleto of the Oake gathered the Moon decreasing Elks claws of each half a drachm of the Scull of a man not buryed calcined half a drachm of Coral Pearls and Harts-horn prepared of each four scruples of Bezoar one scruple Diamosh dulcis four scruples Theriaca Andromachi and Confectio de Hyacintho of each one drachm Oyl of Vitriol 20 drops with as much Syrup Citron Pills and Oximel as is sufficient to make a liquid Electuary or Opiar of which take three or four times in a day the quantity of a Filberd Emplastrum Epispaslicum and such as have power to draw blisters and Causticks may with good successe be applyed to the hinder part of the Head and Neck Fabius Columnus extolleth the root of Valerian to the Skies for the cure of this Disease a drachm in powder administred in Wine or other convenient liquor is a sufficient Dose Of no lesse esteem is this Chimicall Medicine following Spirit of Vitriol one scruple Spirit of Tartar one drachm Treacle water camphorated one drachm and a half mix them and in a glasse well sealed digest them a Month the Dose is one drachm taken with some convenient liquour If a Child have this Disease you must make use of Medicines sutable to the age and strength of the Child If it suck let the Nurse use a moderate diet and eat such meats as afford good nourishment By Clyster or Suppository make the Child soluble Take one ounce of fine Sugar of Poony root and Misleto of the Oake of each half a drachm with as much oyl of sweet Almonds as is sufficient to make a Lohock and let the Child lick often thereof Riverius commendeth this Epileptick powder by him called Pulvis de gutteta Take the root and seed of Peony the root of white Dittany Misleto of the Oake of each half an ounce the seed of Arach two drachms of mans Scull three drachms red Corall prepared of Hyacinthus or Jacinth of each half a drachm of Elks claws prepared half an ounce Musk one scruple leaf-gold one drachm mix them and make them into very fine powder of which administer from half a scruple to a scruple in milk broth or some Antepileptical water as the compound water of Peony c. Annoint the Head of the Child with oyls of Dill and Marjerom apply Medicines to the Head that have power to discusse the peccant humours and to corroborate the Brain Annoint the Back-bone and those members which are contracted and drawn together with this following Liniment Take of the Oyls of Rue and Earth-worms of each two ounces the oyl of Castor a drachm with a little Aqua vitae make a Liniment Or take of Venice Treacle one drachm Confectio Alchermes and de Hyacintho of each a scruple the waters of Betony Sage Marjerom and Cinamon of each half an ounce mix them all and bathe the Nose Temples and Eares and you may give the Child half an ounce to take inwardly You may purge the Child twice in the
month with Manna Syrups of Roses and Rubarb and every change of the Moon take a dose of the powder before mentioned and oftener if need require To conclude if the Disease be caused by some evill effects in the mouth of the Stomach you must labour to free the Stomach from the humours that offend For the Cure of the Vertigo I shall say nothing but refer you to those Medicines propounded for the Cure of the Falling-sicknesse and to the 2. Chapter viz. Of the cure of Cephalaea proceeding from cold crude and phlegmatick humours it being my present task only to epitomize not to write largely of the cure of Diseases CHAP. VII Of the Palsie PAralysis or the Palsie is a disease wherein the whole Body or part thereof as Atm Hand Leg or Tongue doth lose sense or motion or both Sometimes it followeth the Apoplexy Here note that the Faculty of sense and motion floweth from the Brain as from its proper fountain and is conveyed to all parts of the Body by the Sinews the proper Organs of sense and motion Hence it commeth to passe that if that faculty of the Brain be obstructed that it cannot descend to all parts that all or some of the 〈◊〉 of the Body lose either motion or sense or bâ—… according to the part obstructed The Causes The Palsie is caused by abundance of grosse and clammy humours which stop the sinews and hinder the animal faculty that it cannot come from the Brain or fountain to the members It may be caused by vehement cold or by some inflammation or swelling near the Back-bone or the sinews may be crushed by some binding or hurt by some wound or Ulcer or the like The Signs and Cure There need no more Signs to know this disease by than what hath been declared in the explanation of it This disease for the most part happeneth to old folk and surprizeth them in the Winter time therefore Phlebotomy for the most part is unnecessary and dangerous If plenitude of humours or blood appear open a vein on the sound side draw blood sparingly lest you cool the Body too much Let what part soever of the Body be affected yet you must not forget the Brain but you must purge corroborate and strengthen it If you find the originall of the distemper in the Brain you must apply Medicines which have power to extenuate dissolve and discusse such as are described in the second Chapter for the cure of cold and phlegmatick distempers of the Head To the purging Medicines you may add these Pillulae Fatidae de opopanace Arabicae and Trochisci Alhandall taken in a convenient quantity as you shall be instructed in the next Book and sutable to the season of the year and aâ—…â—f your Patient Let him abstain from drinking â—f strong beer and Wine and let most of his drink be the decoction of Guiacum and the bark of the same and if you add Cephalick hearbs to these it will be the better This Decoction is commendable viz. Take of Guiacum ground two ounces of the bark of the same half an ounce the root of China and Salsaparilla of each two drachms Sasafras three drachms Lignum Aloes and Galanga of each two scruples the root of Angelica Peony and Fennel of each two drachms the seeds of Peony and sweet Fennel of each one drachm Betony ground Pine Sage of each one handfull the flowers of Lavender Rosemary Stechas and Cowslips of each one pugil Cinamons and Polipodium of the Oake of each half an ounce Infuse them in six quarts of water twenty four hours then boil it gently to the consumption of two quarts strein it and add to the decoction of brown Sugar candy and syrup of Stechas of each four ounces Let the diseased take half a pint in a morning three or four mornings as a preparative to purging you must purge once in a week with one of the aforenamed Medicines having respect to the age and strength of your Patient season of the year Or you may prepare the aforesaid water by distillation thus Take of the simples aforenamed and infuse them 24 hours in four quarts of water and two of white-White-wine then distill them in Balneo Mariae as you shall be taught in the fourth part of this Treatise to a pound of this distilled water add one ounce of the syrup of Staethas and a drachm of Theriaca diatessaron divide it into three parts for three mornings It is convenient to set Cupping glasses to the part affected without scarifying of it but easily drawing the humours and spirits to the place afterwards you must rub and chafe the parts it is convenient to bathe the paralytick part and cause it to sweat with the decoction of Bur root and Elder leaves hot-houses often profit much but much better it is if they can come to natural baths which proceed either from Nitrous hituminous or sulphureous Mines as the Bath of Bath You may safely Bathe two or three times in a week and afterwards annoint the Member with some convenient Liniment viz. Take of the Oyls of Foxes Castor Earth-worms and Rue of each one ounce Unguentum Nervinum and Martiatum of each half an ounce the distilled oyl of Rosemary one drachm Oyl of Spike six drops mix all these and make a soft ointment with which annoint the Back-bone and the other parts that are diseased afterwards wrap them up warm with the skin of a Fox or Hare If the Palsey be caused by an inflammation or hard swelling in any part the cure of the inflammation or swelling cures the Palsie also If bruising of the sinews by pinching or binding be the cause remove the bruised blood and the cure will ensue If the Spondills of the Back be out or broke and that cause the Palsie or Resolution the cure of the cause taketh away the effect If the Palsey ensue a wound or Ulcer in the Head Back or any particular Sinew if the Sinew be curable the Palsie ceaseth CHAP. VIII Of the Covulsion SPasmus Cramp or Convulsion is a disease when the Sinews are drawn or plucked up against a mans will Of this there are two sorts viz. a true Convulsion when there is a constant retraction of the Muscles and the Limb remains unmoveable or a convulsive motion when the retraction is every time new and the Members moved divers ways They differ likewise in their Causes for a true Convulsion proceedeth either from repletion or inanition a convulsive-motion from irritation or provocation Again they are thus divided a true Convulsion is either total by which most part of the Body is contracted or partiall by which one particular member suffereth contraction The Universal Convulsion is caused from the Brain when the Face is plucked together as well as the whole Body or from the marrow of the Back when the Muscles that move the Head and Back are drawn together A particular Convulsion is made from the contraction of the Muscle of some part comming from the
the Pupilla like water they call it Aqua-water but when it is gathered thick about the Pupilla it is called a Cataract If Choler be the humour mixed with the watry humour the Cataract appeareth somewhat citrine or yellow if melancholy then is the Cataract more dull and blackish If it be white as chalk it signifieth a thick and compacted matter if it be of the colour of Pearl then slime and transparent flegme is the humour offending There are two sorts of Cataracts a true and a Bastard-cataract A true Cataract doth for the most part effect one eye onely and if both be affected they are not alike nor affected at the same time as in the spurious Cataract In a true Cataract or Suftnsion a derk matter appeareth in the Pupilla which doth not in the other But here let the Reader beware lest he fall into error for this doth not always hold as a sure distinguishing rule for if the humour be as thin as the warry humour nothing appeareth and many upon this ground have thought it to be Gutta Serena but there is a great difference between Gutta Serena and this for in Gutta Serena the sight is quite left or at least much diminished and no fault appear in the Pupilla But it is not so in this Suffusion which cannot be seen for the sight is but a little diminished because the humour being thin and transparent the objects pierce it like glass Though I need say nothing of the signs of this Disease it being easie to gather the signs from the causes yet I shall and a few words In the beginning of a Suffusion certain small Bodges as hairs flyes cobwebs gnats wool and such like sly before the eyes as it grows on the symptomes are more evident and the objects appear as through a glass when it is perfect the Pupilla is changed in colour and the sight is totally lost what the colours denote I have already laid down If the matter of the Cataract appear dark it lyeth between Chorion or Uyea and Cornea and the Pupilla is dilated and white or red veins appear about the circle of the eye if the contrary appear judge that the matter lyeth between the Christalline and Uvea If the matter lye deep the Pupilla is contracted if higher enlarged When the Cataract if newly begun and the Patient can see as thoug a clad if he be young and the season sutable it may be cured On the contrary if it be confirmed and the matter gross it yields not to medicines but must be couched with a needle And seeing I speak of couching give me leave to tell you that 't is a dangerous operation and often attended with bad success but if you finde it needful and likely to be prevalent make use of a near-handed Chyrurgeon and that you may know whether it be likely or no to be cured consider a few rules Sign of care by couching are these If when the sound eye be shut the Pupilla of the eye affected appear larger and perceive some light there is hopes of cure if the contrary appear judge accordingly A black green yellow and hard Cataract never yieldeth to medicine seldome to the Needle Attempt not the operation on old men nor children You must also consider before you attempt this operation whether the Suffusion be ripe and sit for couching or whether it be not grown too hard The first you must try thus press down the eye affected with your finger and if you alter the shape of the Suffusion and when your finger is off it returneth to its former station then is it thin and not ripe but it the contrary appear it may be couched with a Needle But here note that it must be moderate and not too compact but like a skin that will rowl upon the Needle if it be thick and solid like chalk or hail it cannot be couched For the cure you must observe the same rules prescribed in the former Chapter you must use and abstain from the same kind of diet you must use general and particular Evacuations you must revel the humours offending and strengthen the head and eyes Then you must come to Topical medicines and though I am almost of Galens opinion who saith they are little worth for they promise more then they can perform yet Experience hath taught and Authors have confirmed that Cataracts which have not been of long continuance but taken in the beginning have been cured by Topicks after the use of the medicines before mentioned therefore I shall insert a few of them and leave the Ingenious to find out more First you must make a Fomentation of such things as have power to mollifie and dissolve Take of Celendine Fenel Eye-bright of each one handful of Rue Vervain Clary of each half a handful Melilot Chamomel Flowers and Red-Rose leaves of each one pugil Fenugreek seed one ounce boil them in a pint and a half of Spring water to the consumption of the half pint then put in a half pint of White-Wine and let it boil a little Strein it out and with clothes wet it in the liquor soment the eyes every morning so long as you see occasion If you wash the eyes with Red-Wine sometimes it hinders the defluxion discusseth and dissolveth It is good to let a child lick the eye after it hath eaten sweet Fenel seeds Infuse Crocus Metallorum in White-Wine and wash the eye with the Wine or after a sufficient infusion pour off the Wine clear and with sweet Fenel and Fenugreek seed of each one ounce of Aloes half an ounce Saffron a drachm beat them and searse them into fine powder the blood of a young Pidgeon hot the weight of them all with the aforesaid Wine what is sufficient to make a soft Pultis and apply it warm to the eye at night take it off in the morning Or slit a young Pidgeon and lay it to the eye Then you must come to make use of Topical Medicines called Collyries which many times by Galens favour hath good success if the Cataract be not too much confirmed Take the leaves of Rue Fenel Vervain Celendine and Eyebright of each one handful Centaury the less Burnet Avens Sage of each a half handful Fenel roots and the roots of round Birthwort of each a half pound Red rose leaves and White-violet leaves of each one ounce Radish seed and Fenugreek seed of each one drachm Ammoniacum and the Natural Balsome of each a drachm Tutty two drachms pouder those that are to be poudered the heaths and roots shred and sliced put to them white-White-Wine honey and the urine of a Boy as much as may wet them all viz. Of White Wine three parts of the Urine two and honey one then distil them in Balneo Marîae drop the water into the eyes morning and evening regarding the course and medicines before prescribed Josephus Quercetanus in his Pharmacopaea doth much commend this following Water viz. Take of the water of the
laid eggs boiled hard of Mirth Tutty and the white Troches of Rasis of each a drachm Sarcocol Frankincence Aloes and Ceruse of each half a drachm pouder them that are to be powdered and mixe them all in a stone morter then put them into a smal glass body with a head and receiver and distil it in Balneo This Water is excellent against Ulcers in the eys These three Diseases I thought good to annex to the cure of the inflamation of the eyes having a dependency thereupon CHAP. XV. Of the Cancer and Rupture of the Cornea SOmetimes a Cancer groweth up and is perfected in the eye of which there is two sorts either occult or ulcerated The occult is called a Cancerous Tumor or Cancer of the Eye The ulcerated is called a cancerous ulcer in the eye It is known by a blew leaden colour and unequal hardness the veins adjoyning are very full and blew and the eye the temples and the whole head is afflicted with a strong and pricking pain If the Disease be fixed and perfect it is incurable except it be taken away by manual operation but if it be taken in the beginning it may be cured you must administer convenient Physick and adjoyn a sutable diet You must draw bloud on the same side if you finde occasion bleed the Hemorrhoid veins by Leeches and apply them behind the ears after the use of these or the like revulsions purge melancholy often and gently once or twice a week if the body be strong enough purge with the extract of black Hellebore These remedies will much diminish the humours and decrease the pain after which you must use Topicks such as have prepared Tutty and the white Troches in them for which have recourse to the preceding Chapter The flesh of young Pigeons or Chickens applyed to the Cancer hath been found very available The Rupture of the Cornea is when the Tunicle is so divided that the watry humour and sometimes the Uvea cometh forth The cause of both is a Wound Ulcer or a great afflux of humours by which the Cornea is so distended that it cracks and the humours contained are let out and sometimes the Uv a shooteth out Paulus divideth this Disease into four kinds the first cometh forth like the head of a Fly and therefore he calleth it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The second is when a greater part cometh forth and is like the stone of a Raisin and is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The third is when the Eruption is so great that it seemeth like an Apple and is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The fourth is when the Uvea being come forth is hard and is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Cure is very difficult alwayes but for the most part it is incurable After bleeding if need be and purging the peccant humours you must use astringent and glutinating medicines as the white Troches and the white of an Egg dropt into the Eye then make a Cataplasme to the part thus Take the root of Solomons Seal four ounces Quinces pared and fliced two ounces Red-rose leaves a handful Acatia a drachm Saffron two scruples boil these in red wine and Plantane water of each a like quantity as much as is sufficient to make a Cataplasme Afterwards to make a perfect consolidation take an ounce of the Mucilage of Gum Traganth made in Plantain water the clarified juyce of Plantain and of the root of Solomons Seal of each one spoonful of the white of an egg beaten to clean water and a womans breast-milk of both a spoonful washed Aloes prepared Tutty and Sarcocol of each two scruples Saffron one scruple pouder what is to be poudered and mix them for a Collyric CHAP. XVI Of the Diseases of the corners of the Eyes and Eye-lids SOmetimes there happeneth a Tumor in the corner of the Eye at the root of the nose if it do not break it is called Anchylops if it do break it is called Aegylops Sometimes this Tumor cometh without inflamation and is bred of a thick flegmatick slimy humour as the Tumors called Atheromata Steatomata c. of which you shall have a brief account in the next book When it cometh with inflamation it is like a Bile with shooting pain and very red and it cometh by thin and cholerick bloud flowing thither and then imposthumateth which being open produceth an Ulcer then it becomes hollow and is called Fistula Lachrymalis The Cure is very difficult because it is ill applying medicines the eye being so near If it hath not been of long continuance and the Orifice to be seen externally it may be cured by medicines But if it hath continued a year the Bone is foul and hard to be cured without burning If it turns to a Cancer it is incurable because medicines will enlarge it and increase pain and is known by the hardness and blewness of the skin the extension of the veins and extremity of the pain You must open a vein if nothing hinder and revel the humours by purging which you may do by these following Pills viz. Cochiae Arabicae Aureae and Lucis Majoris then you must endeavour to stop the progress by repelling medicines take the juyce of Night shade Shepheards purse and Knotgrasse of each two ounces Acacia the flowers of Balaustines Bolearmeniack Gauls Frankincense and Roch-allum of each a drachm boil them well together then with four ounces of white Wax and four drachms of Turpentine make a Cerate to be applyed to the fore-head Afterwards endeavour to resolve the humours Amatus Lucitanus commends this following Cerate Take of the Powder of Cockle-shels two drams Mirrh Aloes and Frankinsence of each half an ounce Sarcocol Sanguis Draconis and Ceruse of each three drachms Opopanax dissolved in Wine Vinegar and Bloud-stone of each one drachm and an half Saffron two scruples Wax and Rozen of each three ounces make a Cerate according to art and apply it to the corner of the Eye and Forehead If after all this it will come to Suppuration make use of such things as will hasten it least the humours corrode the part apply a Plaister of Diachilon Simplex If an inflamation approach apply a Cataplasme made with white bread and milk If it break not suddenly open it with a Launcet cleanse the Ulcer and heal it But if it prove a Fistula you must be the more careful first to cleanse it thus Take of Aqua vitae and Honey of Roses of each one ounce Mirrh two ounces with Allum and Verdegreece of each a drachm boil them together and make a Liniment Unguentum Aegyptiacum and Apostolorum is of great virtue in this case If the bone be foul it must be cured by an actual Cautery yet Fabricius Hildanus saith he cured a Lachrimal Fistula with medicines he applyed Euphorbium and upon the same an Emplaister of Gum-Elemi and this he did till he skaled the bone afterwards with the Tolutan Balsome a drop upon a little lint he incarnated and
consolidated the Fistula in a very short time After this Lachrymal Fistula there followeth a consuming and diminishing of the Caruncle in the corner of the Eye sometimes it also happeneth by a sharp humour falling down thither and sometimes by cleasing medicines applyed without discretion this Disease is called Rhyas there is another Disease conrrary to this which is an immoderate growth and increase of the flesh in the corner of the eye which proceedeth sometimes for want of orderly drying up of the Ulcer and sometimes by a defluxion of bloud to the part and this is called Enchanthis For the cute of the first you must perform it by Incarnative Medicines Take of Aloes Borax Frankincense Dragons Bloud Cypress Nuts and Mprtles of each one dragm the flowers of Pomegranates Red Roses and Comfrey of each two scruples theseeds of Sumach on scruple Let them be boiled in old Canary and Plantane and Rose-water of each half a pint to the consumption of half and with this Collyrie often wash the part affected the other you must cure by taking away the superfluous flesh with eating medicines as Burnt Allum Burnt Vtriol Unguentum Aegyptiatum or Apostolorum or you must cut it off and burn it with an Iron But proceed which way you will you must not forget convenient Evacuations for fear of a defluxion and you must beware least you take it not away too near least it turn to Rhyas There is also a defluxion of Rhenm issuing out of du the corners of the Eyes and is called involuntary weeping and by some Epiphora for the producing of this Disease there is an indisposition in the part sending and the part receiving the part sending is the brain which being too hot or too cold attracteth a watery humour and sendeth it to the inferiour parts By the weakness thinness thickness of the Caruncle in the corner of the Eye it is made uncapable to resist such a defluxion which often happeneth in the three fore-mentioned Diseases This defluxion is conveighed sometimes by the external and sometimes by the internal veins Sometimes the defluxion is hot and sometimes cold If it be conveighed by the external veins the veins of the Forehead and Temples are distended and the pain is felt without the Skull if internally the pain is felt contrarily If the humour be hot it causeth the more pain heat redness and exulceration of the eye-brows follow If this Disease cometh from an outward cause if it hath not continued long it may be soon cured but hardly if your Patient be old If it proceed from a Lachrymal Fiflula Rhyas or Echanthis it hath its cure with those Diseases You must take away the defluxion and strengthen the part you must evacuate the humour offending by purging likewise if the body be phlethorick and nothing prohibite you may open a vein You must make revulsions of the flowing humours by Cupping Vesicatories Blisters behind the neck and Issues in the arms For derivation apply Leeches behind the ears and Masticatories in the morning strengthen the head and brain whether the humour be hot or cold the Chap. of the Catarrh and of the coldest distempers of the brain will particularly inform you how to purge revel and derive the peccant humours and strengthen the part affected Then you must apply astringent medicines to the Fore head and temples if the humour flow through the external veins If it be a cold humour take of Frankinsence Tacamabacca and Mastich of each two drachms Terra Sigillata one drachm Mace pulverized and Juniper Gum of each two scruples Turpentine and Wax sufficient to make a Cerate for the forehead and temples But if it be a hot and sharp humour take of Endive and Knot-grass of each one handful the Root of Solomon's Seal one pound beat them well in a Stone morter and with a pint of White-Wine Vinegar let them boil till half of the Vinegar be consumed then take of Bolearmenick Sanguis Draconis Pomegranate Flowers of each two drachms Frankinsence Mastick and Red-Roses of each half a drachm pouder them and mix them with the other and make a Caraplasme to be applyed as aforesaid You must likewise apply drying and astringent medicines to the part affected Take of prepared Tutty Egg-shels Aloes Frankinsence and Mastich of each two scruples Sarcocol Sanguis Draconis and Sumach seed of each one scruple Mirrh and Spicknard of each six grains make them all into fine pouder and tie them up in a rag and steep it in white Wine Fenel Eye-bright or white rose-Rose-water and squeez it often into the eyes These medicines prescribed for an Ophthalmy are good likewise in this distemper There is another disease appertaining to the corner of the Eye it is called by some Pterygium by other some the Haw in the Eye and by others Unguis and it is a hard and Nervous Membrane growing out of the corner of the Eye covering the white and in time the Pupilla also Somtimes it is thin and white and somtimes it is red and full of Veins It is caused by Ulceration of the Caruncle of the Eye and is bred by excrements flowing to the part as well as blood hence it cometh to passe that variety of Haws are bred according to the seeding humour and may be thus distinguished A red Haw comes of pure blood a Yellow of Choler a white of Flegme a dark and black one of Melancholly It the Eye affected grow lesse it is an evill signe and little hopes there is of recovery If you take it whilst it is new and beginning it may with difficulty be taken off by medicine but if it be far gon it must be done by Chirurgery you must Evacuate and purge the Antecedent cause as you have heard sufficiently already in the other Chapters of the diseases of the eyes and you must use the same Course of Dier Then you may make use of those Topicks spoken of in the Cure of blisters in the Eyes Take of Cuttle bone in fine powder and put it upon the Haw this I have known take the Haw from the Eye of an Horse if you mix Tutty and Vitriol to it it may prove the better I shall instance one more commended by Forestus Take of the juyce of Fennel four ounces the juyce of Celandine three ounces of Rue two ounces and of Mallows two ounces and an half Aloes one drachm Vitriol two scruples Verdegrease one scruple Ginger and Cinamon of each half a scruple the Gall of an Eel half an ounce the Gall of an Oxe two drachms Sugar-Candy two scruples let the juyces boyle with the rest then clarifie it and make a Collyrium with which dresse the Eye and if this prevaile not it must be taken off by Chirurgery I shall say no more but put an end to this Chapter and the diseases of the Eyes CHAP. XVII Of the diseases of the Eares THe Eare is the Organ of hearing the most spirituall sense the agent of understanding the gate through which
the Ear. If the Humor be sharp and you find sharp Medicines disagreeing to it make use of the Oyls and yelks of Eggs of sweet and bitter Almonds If any thing be fallen into the Ear you must endeavour to get it out with an Ear-picker but beware lest you thrust it further If you cannot prevail so inject Oyl into the Ear to relax it that it may the easier come out and anoint the Ear-picker with Birdlime and see if by that means you can draw it out Provoke sneesing with the Mouth and Nostrils shut and by that means it may be forced out If a Flea being got into the Ear procure pain and trouble to the Patient make a little Ball of Dogs hair and put it into the Ear and the Flea will come into it If by swimming or washing the Head Water getteth into the Ear and is the cause of pain hop on the contrary foot to that side and hold your Ear downwards or put in a dry Spunge into the Ear and as it groweth moist take it out and put in more till you be freed CHAP. XVIII Of the Diseases of the Nostrils AS God and Nature hath wisely instituted and ordained this Member as needful and official to the service of the body so the Corruption of Nature by our Fall hath brought many Distempers therein viz. the Ulcer of the Nostrils and Ozaena Sarcoma and Polypus the loss of Smelling in the Nose the Coryza Sneezing and Bleeding the last of which I shall treat of in a Chapter by it self and speak briefly of the rest in this Chapter And first of the Ulcer of the Nostrils which whilest it is new is called the simple Ulcer of the Nostrils when it is old it is called Ozaena The cause of the simple Ulcer is either internal or external Internal when a sharp or salt Humour floweth to the pare External either by a Wound or Contusion The cause of Ozaena is a malignant and acrimonious Humour or the other Ulcer neglected They are easily known and distinguished one from the other The simple Ulcer causeth but little pain sometimes sends forth bloud and sometimes casteth forth a Scab The Ozaena is more painfuls foul and stinking anoying not onely the Patient but all that come near him If it turn to a Cancer it eateth the Gristle of the Nose and destroyeth the Pallat and for the most part hath its original from the French Pox or Elephantiasis The New Ulcer may be easily cured the old one hardly If it turn to a Cancer it is never cured If it hath its original from the French Pox or Elephantiasis it cannot be cured till the Disease be cured For the Cure you must use convenient Evacuations Purging and Bleeding Revulsions and Derivations by Cupping Vesicatories or Causticks applyed to the hinder parts and then strengthen the head and withall appoint a good Diet which may hinder and asswage the sharpness of the Humour This being done if the Ulcer be covered with a Scab you must endeavour to take it off gently and not rashly for fear of a Defluxion of Humours and to that end you must mollifie the Scab with Oyl of sweet Almonds or fresh Butter and warm Water Then you must cleanse it by washing it with Barley Water and if you mix a little Oyl of Roses with it it will not be the worse then apply Medicines which are astringent as the Oytment of Tutty the white Oyntment more commonly known by the Latine Name Unguentum Album the Oyl of the yolks of Eggs the Oyntment of Tobacco is good being carefully applyed Ozaena must be carefully cleansed Take of Smiths water half a pint Barley water four ounces the juyce of Plantane and Wormwood of each two Ounces boil them together till half be consumed and scum it carefully then put in sour Ounces of Honey of Roses let the diseased often snuff it up into his Nostrils wherein the ulcer is You may make an Oyntment more powerful for this purpose thus Take of the juyce of unripe Grapes half an Ounce the Peels and Flowers of Pomegranates of each three drachms of Myrrh Allum and Laudanum of each two drachms Aloes Chalcitis and Frankincense of each one drachm the Oyl of Roses and Myrtles of each two Ounces with red Wax as much as sufficeth to make an unguent which apply to the ulcer Or you may wash it with Allum Water and if it want cleansing mixe a little Aegyptiacum with it The sublimate Water doth dry and cleanse wonderfully and you may prepare it thus Take of Crude Sublimate in Powder twelve Grains put it into four Ounces of Plantane water and boil it to the consumption of half Now and then touch it with this water When it is throughly cleansed you must prepare Medicines which are powerful to dry it up Rondeletius commendeth the smoke of a Wax Candle taken up into the Nose often or you may make a Fume thus Take of Labdanum Benjamin Hypocistis Maslich Myrrh Red Storax and Calamith Sandarach Frankincense Bark and red Arsenick of each three drachms with surpentine sufficient to make Troches of which let the Patient take the Fume Morning and Evening Sarcoma and Polypus is a preternatural Tumor or Excrescency of Flesh in the Nose The first groweth without shape like proud flesh but Polypus springeth as it were from small Roots and hangeth down to the lower part of the Nose and sometimes out of the Nose If it be rooted high it sometimes falleth into the passage that goeth into the Pallat. It is a spungie soft flesh white red or blew and it is fuller at the full of the Moon then at the Change The cause of both is a gross Humour coming from the Brain mixed with bloud The first for the most part is easily cured The second with more difficulty The lower it is rooted in the Nostril the easier may the Cure be effected If it be soft white or red it is more easily cured but if hard and blew it is dangerous You must prescribe a dry and attenuating Diet you must purge the Humour you see abound you must revel and repel the Humours and strengthen the Head as you are taught in the aforegoing Chapters Then you must apply such Medicines to the Tumour as are drying and astringent If it may not be thus cured it must be taken off by a Caustick or by Incision But apply the mildest Medicines first Take the Juyce of the three sorts of Pomegranates beil it to the thickness of Honey apply it often to the Excrescencie Then make use of this Sublimate Water spoken of before in the Ulcer This following Water is commended by Weckerus Take of unripe Grapes three pound Pomegranate Peels and Flowers and Sumach of each two pound macerate them in Vinegar and distil them then add to the water thus distilled Allum one pound Vitriol three Ounces Distil them again and with this water often touch the Tumor for it hath a great power to dry and consume it You
for which purpose this Gargarism is good Take Violet-leaves Mallows and Parsly of each one handfull whole Barley four ounces Figs and Raisons stoned of each three ounces the seed of Flax and Fenugreek of each one ounce Spring water a quart boyle it to the Consumption of halfe straine it and add four ounces of the syrrup of Jujubes use it as the other before When the humors are suppurate if it break not make incision then cleanse it with Plantane water and Hony of Roses There is another Tumor under the Tongue called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Latines Ranula because it representeth the hinder part of a Frog also because they that are thus affected when they speak do Croake like a Frog This humor is a loose and soft carnosity under the Tongue the tumor therein contained is somtimes hot though for the most part it is cold slimy and pituitous matter which when it is opened is like the white of an Egge somtimes mixed with yellow This disease is not for the most part accounted dangerous unlesse it be in a Child or the humor be Cancrous If nothing prohibite you must begin the Cure with blood-letting that so the humors may be the more obedient you must likewise purge the peccant humors with discretion then you may endeavour to disolve and discusse the humor thus Take of green Mugwort and Hysop of each one handfull Common Salt and Salt Armoniack of each two drachms Galls one drachm beat them well together rub the place often with it But if it submit not to this way of Cure as it seldom doth you must open it with a large Orifice and if you open it on both sides it will be the better Some commend a Cautery of iron after you have opened it squeez out the matter with your finger then wash it with white-White-Wine and Hony of Roses or thus Take of White Wine and Plantane water of each two ounces dissolve a drachm of Allum then add twenty drops of the Oyle of Sulphur with an ounce of syrrup of Mulberrys make a Lotion and wash the place till it be whole Somtimes the Tongue suffereth a Palsie by which it is deprived of its motion Somtimes it followeth an Apoplexy and somtimes it is joyned with a Palsey which afflicts half the body somtimes it is only in the Tongue when its nerves and moving Muscles are prejudiced by some moist or pituitous matter Somtimes those Nerves may be cut and the Palsie may follow Avicen confirmeth this opinion by an example in his time of a certaine man being cupped and scarified by which the small Nerve was cut and caused a relaxation of the Tongue If this Palsie follow an Apoplexy and the other parts of the body be affected and the Patient be old it is incurable If you have hopes of recovery you must take away the Antecedent cause lodged in the braine and you must dissolve and discusse the conjunct cause viz. the humors which obstruct the Nerves and hinder the motion of the Tongue If you see occasion you may make use of Phlebotomy it profiteth much to open a Vein under the Tongue you may purge with Pills or Cephalick Apozems you may rarifie the humors by sweating drinks cuppings vesicatoryes Cauteryes may be applyed for discussing and drawing forth of the humor let Gargarisms Masticatories and Errhies be followed for strengthening the braine and dispersing offending humors therein contained make use of Fumigations Powders and Quilts for the head for the making and application of which I refer you to the second Chapter of this Book CHAP. XXI Of the Diseases of the Teeth THE Teeth also are subject to Distempers viz. the ache and foulness and rottenness The Tooth-ache is caused by a Flux of Humours either hot or cold which flow to the Membrane Nerves or to the substance of the Teeth Sometimes Worms are bred in hollow and rotten Teeth of an Excrementitious Humour which causeth pain sometimes Wind contained between the Cavity and the Nerve doth cause pain The External Causes are cold Air and South Winds Likewise the debility of the part as hollowness or rottenness of the Teeth do sometimes cause pain Every cause is known by its proper sign for if a hot Humour falling upon the part be the cause the pain is more violent the Patient is sensible of heat about the Teeth and Gums hot Medicines encreasoth pain Signs contrary to these do declare the Humour peccant to be cold If the cause be Worms the pain is with intermission and their motion may be felt If Wind cause the pain it is exceeding violent with sensible extension yet quickly ending after the use of discussing Medicines If it be a hot Humour that causeth the Tooth-ach it is good to open a Vein on the same side by which the Humours are revelled and though the Humour be cold yet Phlebotomy may be needful to revel the Defluxion but it must be regulated according to the age and strength of the Patient The next day you may purge the Humour that principally offendeth Cupping is sometimes requisite and fâ—r the most part Vesicatories to the Neck and behind the Ears are successful to draw back the Humours Astringent Medicines to the Temples are good to hinder the Defluxion Of Plaisters these are good Emplastrum de Mastiche ad Herniam and Gum Elemi spread and applyed to the Temples and behind the Ears Riverius commendeth the Root of Comfry bruised and applyed as before to hinder the Defluxion Riverius Physitian to Henry the Great commendeth this Plaister Take of Cyprus Nuts Red Roses Mustard seed torrified Mastich and Terra Sigillata of each one drachm and an half Steep them in Vinegar of Roses twenty four hours and then dry them Opium three drachms dissolved in Aqua Vitae Pitch and Colophonia of each one drachm Yellow Wax melted in the expressed Oyls of Henbane and White Poppy as much as is sufficient to make an Emplaister which must be applyed as before The Oyl of Bitter Almonds or Vinegar put into the Ear is good to stay the Defluxion if it proceed from a hot cause If the Humours be cold put the Oyl of Rue or a Clove of Garlick into the Ear and wash the Teeth with Red Wine wherein is boiled the Roots of Bistort Cinquefoil Tormentil the Leaves of Vervain Peny-royal and Galls and anoint the Checks or the Check on the same side with the Oyls of Camomel Rue or Roses to asswage the paâ—n If the Tooth-ache come from a hot cause boil the Leaves of Henbane spotted Arsmart Housleek and Nettle Roots in Vinegar and wash the Teeth and to asswage pain anoint the Checks with the Oyl of Lillies Roses sweet Almonds Or you may make a Cataplasm with Barley and Bean Meal the juyce of Housleek and Milk and the aforesaid Oyls and if you add a small quantity of Opium to it it will not be amiss But take this Caution that if the Checks be swelled beware how you
c. A depraved Concoction is the cause of many Evills likewise as Obstructions Scabs Feavers c. To cure the Disease you must remove the Antecedent Conjunct and External cause The Stomach must be cleansed of the offending Humours and then strengthened seek Medicines in the Chap. of Want of Appetite If it come by consent you must amend the Parts sending the Humours their proper Chapters will furnish you with means CHAP. XXXVIII Of the Hiccough 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Greek and Singultus in Latine in English Hiccough is a depraved motion of the Stomach by which it desireth to expell somthing which is hurtfull It is caused according to Hippocrates of Fulnesse or Emptinesse sometimes saith Galen by Provocation The matter causing the Hiccough is either gathered in the Stomach or is sent from other Parts Sharp Humours Nourishment or Medicines or gnawing Worms in the Stomach may cause a Hiccough by propriety It is caused by consent when the Liver Spleen Guts or other Parts being inflamed send offensive Vapours or Water to the Stomach A Tumor in the Liver being inflamed doth compresse the Stomach and so provoke the expulsive Faculty finally sharp Humours sent from all parts of the Body in malignant Feavers may be the cause of the Hiccough Diagnostick signes are if the Disease come by Propriety it is more lasting and is eased by Vomit the signes of the Humours in the Stomach appear by the Tast in the Mouth Belchings c. If it come from any other part of the Body their proper Signes will declare it Prognosticks are If the Hiccough be caused by Meat Drink of Cold it is not dangerous But if it come in a malignant or great Feaver and continue it is deadly The same you may judge if the Hiccough accompanied with redness of the Eyes in an acute Disease invade the Patient after Vomiting Singultus from the inflammation of the Liver is also hurtfull For the cure you must if the disease come from a cold cause First administer medicine which do cut and prepare the Humours as Vinegar and Oxymel of Squils and Oxymel Simplex then evacuate the Humours by Purge or Vomit and then strengthen the Stomach use the Medicines prescribed in the Chapter of Want of Appetite comming of a cold Cause if the Disease be violent add these following Take of Castor and Mirrh of each three Drachms Sal Gem half an Ounce Diagridium and Mastich of each one Drachm Agarick newly trochiscated three Drachms Aloes the weight of all the rest with the juice of Mints make them up into a Mass and of one Drachm make six gilded Pills Let your Patient take two or three in the Morning Riverius If Wind in the Stomach be the Cause Take of Dill-Seed Sweet Fennell and Annis-Seed of each one Ounce Juniper Berries half an Ounce Cloves a Drachm Macerate them in good Wine or Spirit of Wine and distill it in Baineo If sharp and chollerick Humours be the cause of the Hiccough you must give Oyl of Sweet Almonds Prisan Broth Sirrup of Apples and Quinces the Emulsion of the Cold Seeds foment the Stomach with a Spung dipt in Rose Water or apply a cooling Oyntment to the Stomach Sneezing hath been attended with admirable successe Vomiting with little lesse but have a care how you administer Vomits to weak People Drinking of Milk fom the Cow is much commended and somtimes proves succesful Narcoticks somtimes effect the Cure by stupifying the too too Exquisite sense of the Stomach CHAP. XXXIX Of Vomiting 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Nausea and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vomiting differ onely in Degrees the first is a Desire to vomit up what soever troubles the Stomach either in Quantity or Quality but cannot either by reason of the weaknesse or the Stomach strength of the upper Orifice or thicknesse or sliminesse of the Matter But Vomiting is a depraved motion of the Stomach which shaketh it by which the expulsive Faculty is stirred up by contracting the Fibres of the Lower part and loosening the Superior and with a violent motion casteth forth the Matter contained therein which was trouble some to it The Causes of Vomiting are external or internal and is divided into Natural or Artificial the Natural is either without or in a Disease and is thus divided it is either Periodical Critical or Symptomatical Periodical vomiting is without a Disease and is used by many twice in a year or oftener to cleanse the Stomach of cholerick or phlegmatick Humours and to prevent Disease Critical vomiting is when Nature in a disease casts forth her Enemy Symptomatical vomiting is when Nature is provoked and weakned and is not eased by it because she is not strong enough utterly to expel it the Matter vomited is either Excrements as Phlegm Choler Melancholy Water Matter Wormes and the like or Nourishment as Meat Chylus or Blood Artificial Vomiting is from an external Cause as Compression of the lower Belly Stroaks Falls violent Excorcise Riding Sayling on the Sea Poysonous Aire or Breath stinking Smels or beholding some Filthy thing External Causes may provoke Nature as Vomits taken Some Nourishment is distastful to some Stomachs and causeth vomiting Hippoceates reporteth that one eating Mushtooms died vomiting Meats which are Fat Oyly are praeposterous to some Stomachs Omitting Gluttony which is many times the Cause The whole Body in a Plethory evil Habit Feavers and other Diseases of the Body may be the Cause Inflammations or Obstructions of other Parts as the Liver Spleen Mesentery or Bowels the Terms or Hemorrhoids stopped a Catarrh or the like may cause Vomiting If Vomiting be caused by Humours offending the Stomach or by an Organical disease therein you may find the signes thereof in the praeceding Chapters of diseases of the Stomach If it come by Sympathy from other Parts their proper signes will informe Make the Prognostick thus Choler and Phlegme exquisitely mingled and vomited up is good If the Sick vomit Critically and cast forth Choler in a cholerick Distemper and Phlegm in a phlegmatick it is hopeful Violent vomiting and little brought up in a Feaver is evil for it shews abundance of Matter or that Nature is weak Vomiting after a Flux of the Belly is good for there is a revulsion of the Matter and Nature is refreshed Vomiting of divers Colours is dangerous because Nature hath to do with divers Enemies Green blew black and stinking Matter vomited is deadly In Feavers acute if the Patient vomit without mixture of Humours it is an evil signe because that a pure Humour is not capable of Concoction For the Cure If the Disease come by consent from other parts remove the Cause by working their Cures If phlegmatick cholerick or melancholy Humours provoke the Stomach cast them forth by vomiting prepare and cut them if they be tough and clammy Give gentle Vomits as warm Oyl or white Vitriol prepared or Salt of Vitriol made red by Calcination for they cleanse and dissolve the glutinous Matter If your
and the Troches of Amber of each half a Drachm with Sirrup of Comphrey make an Opiate and let the Patient take a little often Take of the Powder of Rubarb one Ounce the Troches of Sanders two Drachms mix it and give the Patient two Drachms twice a day it evacuateth the Matter and strengthneth the Bowels Both the Sirrup Magistery and Tincture of Coral availeth much and the Decoction of Juniper Berryes in red Wine is no lesse effectual If it continue long and your Patient's strength much decay give Laudanum among your other Medicines The Fume of Fleabane and Mullein taken through a hollow Chair is excellent The Conserve of Hips is good against a cholerick Flux you may mix with it such things which are astringent I shall say no more of the Cure of this Disease but refer you to the next Chapter Onely this if the Disease come by consent of other parts seek the Cure in their proper Chapters CHAP. XLVII Of the Dysentery or Bloody Flux 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is a bloody Loosenesse of the Belly depending upon the Ulceration of the Intestines but it is commonly taken for every Bloody Flux the Latines call it Tormina because of the Torture the Patient endureth Galen mentioneth four kinds of Fluxes which he calleth Dysenteries The first is when any usual Evacuation of Blood as the Haemorrhoids or at the Nose is omitted or impedited or any part of the body is hurt and by that means the Blood is sent to the Intestines and voided by the Belly The second is when watry Blood is voided by reason of the weakness of the of the Liver of this I shall treat hereafter The third is when Blood mixed with Melancholy and burnt by reason of long Retention in the Liver and Spleen is evacuated and shineth The last and that which I am now to discourse on is when Blood and Excrements are mixed together and sometimes also Matter is mixed therewith and is evacuated with Torture to the Patient by reason of Ulceration in the Guts this is the proper Dysentery The internal Causes are sharp and ulcerating Humours yellow green and black Choller Salt Phlegm in the Head bred by Heat or in the Belly by putrefaction which being brought to the Guts and sticking to them ulcerateth the part The Causes external are all things which make sharp and evil Humours Meats which soon putrify Fruits which are soon rotten all things unripe the Air thus qualifyed the Winter cold and dry and the Spring very wet and ful of South Winds cause Dysenteryes in the Summer Or if the Winter be wet and full of South Winds and a dry Spring and the North Winds blow much such a Season produceth Dysenteryes Sometimes the Air is infected and produceth a contagious and epidemical Dysentery which is so infectious that the Excrements of the Sick being cast into a Privy infecteth all that sit over it The Diagnostick Signes are often and bloody Evacuations with Pain in the Belly Watching Thirsting Loathing of Meat sometimes a Feaver If the small Guts are affected the Pain is vehement like the pricking of Pins because they are of more exquisite Sense they go not to Stool presently after the Pain and the Blood is mixed with the Excrements The contrary judge if it be in the great Guts the Pain not so sharp they go to Stool presently after and the Blood swimmeth on the top of or a little mixed with the Excrements You may judge of the Humour causing this Disease by the Colour of the Excrements Age and Temperament of the Patient and Season of the year Thus the Prognosticks are made Dysenteryes caused by black Choller are deadly if it be not Critical because the Ulcer groweth cancerous be sure you judg aright between Melancholy and Blood congealed If Loathing of Meat and a Feaver accompany it it is dangerous If pieces of Flesh be voided it is deadly Much Watching great Thirst black bloody and stinking Stools without a Mixture of Humours Hiccough cholerick Vomitings Pain in the Liver and Midriff are for the most part deadly Signes If Choler or sharp Diet be the cause of this Disease it is easily cured salt-Phlegm is worse because it sticks longer to the Guts If this Disease happen to one troubled with a disease in the Spleen or the Gout it is good saith Hippocrates because the Matter is sent forth but this is rather a Diarrhae a then a Dysentery To cure you must evacuate sharp Humours you must asswage Pain cleanse consolidate and dry the Ulcer and stop the Flux To evacuate the Humours you must purge every second third or fourth day according to your Patients Age Strength Season of the year and the like Rubarb is exceeding good in this Disease given a Drachm or a Drachm and an half or two Drachms Or made into a Potion thus Take of Liquorish scraped and sliced and Raisons of the Sun of each three Drachms Tamarinds and yellow Myrabolans of each two Drachms boil them in Barly and Plantane water to three Ounces in which streined infuse a Drachm of Rubarb thin sliced then add one Ounce of the Sirrup of Roses solutive and make a Potion if you think it not strong enough add of Diacatholicon three Drachms or you may give the Rubarb in Powder in the aforesaid Decoction If the Dysentery be accompanied with a Feaver and Inflammation of the Bowels open a Vein and let the Patient bleed according to his Strength Sometimes vomiting is profitable to revell the Humours which fall from the Stomach to the Intestines Omit not vomiting if you find the Stomach very foul Especially if the Sick be inclinable to vomit for then Nature dictates the right way and ought to be imitated In the mean while you must give asswaging mild and cleansing Clisters afterwards glutinous and astringent Thus Take of the Roots of Marshmallows Butter-burr of each one handful Camomil Flowers one Pugil the Seeds of Flax and Fleabane of each two Drachms boil them in Barly water or Milk Chalybeated or Mutton Capon or Sheeps Head Broth to a Pint strain it and dissolve therein the yolks of four Eggs well beaten Oyl of Roses and Sirrup of Quinces of each one Ounce and make a Clister If the Ulcer want cleansing add Century and Wormwood to the former Decoction and to the strained Liquor add Turpentine dissolved in the yolk of an Egg the chymical Oyl of Wax of each one Drachm When there is need of more binding and glutinating make a Clister thus Take of the Roots of Comphry Tormentill and Bistort of each one Ounce Plantane Shepherds purse Knot-grasse and Mous-ear of each one handfull Pomegranate Flowers Mirtles Acorn cups and Cypresse Nuts of each one Drachm parched Rice French Barly and red Roses of each one Pugill Make a Decoction in Smiths water to a Pint of the straining add of the Juyce of Plantane and Yarrow of each one Ounce and the yolks of two roasted Eggs. Or insteed of the Juyces you may add
is sound and the Distemper may be taken away if the Humours which corrupt the Blood be evacuated In the Cure of this Disease your main work is to strengthen the Liver correct the Distemper and stay the Flux If it come from a cold Cause deal with it as with a Dropsy But if it come of a hot Cause as for the most part it doth you may gently evacuate the peccant Humours with Rubarb as you are taught in the Cure of the Dysentery Then you must give Medicines which strengthen the Liver Take of the Roots of Succory Sorrell Bloodwort and Monks-Rubath of each one Ounce the Leaves of Plantane Endive Succory Purslane Agrimeny and Dandelion of each one handfull Wormwood half a handfull Red Sanders two Drachms Coriander seeds prepared a Drachm red Roses one Pugill the shavings of Ivory and Spodium of each a Drachm boil them in Barly water to a Quart and in the straining dissolve of the Sirrups of Quinces Vinegar Simple and dried Roses of each two Ounces of the Oyl of Vitriol as much as will make it moderately sharp and make a Julep for six Doses to be given Morning and Evening First and Last The Sirrup of Myrtles of Succory simple or compound with Rubarb the Sirrup Tincture or Magistery of Pearl is very good and may be made use of as the former or made into a Julep with Plantane or other cooling Waters The Liver of a Wolf is much commended and it may be made into an Electuary Opiate or into any other form with the aforenamed ingredients The Tops of young Nettles boiled in Broth or Water are good and the juyce taken is more powerful to stop the Flux and to purify the Blood It is good to apply an Epitheme to the Region of the Liver made of the aforenamed Ingredients or as many of them as you think good It is convenient that among your Medicines which you give to stop the Flux you administer such as are restorative because in this Disease the Body is much consumed Riverius much commendeth this distilled Water and the truth is it deserveth commendation Take a fat Capon and a Partridge pull and draw them and filth ir bellyes with Succory Agrimony and Snails of each one Handfull Conserve of Roses three Ounces Plantane and Coriander Seeds prepared of each two Drachms Citron Myrabolans one Drachm the Leavs of Bloodwort half a handfull the Troches of Amber and Spodium of each four Scruples the Powder of the Electuary de Gemmis Triasantalon and Diamargariton frigidum of each one Drachm Sprinkle them with Styptick Wine and put them into the Fowls Bellyes boil them in a close Vessel in four Pints of Water till half be consumed then put them into a glasse Limbeck with three Ounces of good Wine and distill them in Balaeo give a little of the Water often by it self or with other Medicines CHAP. L. Of the Worms VVorms for the most part breed in the Guts therefore I shall speak of them here Galen Propounds three kinds of Worms the First are round and long and are called Teretes and are more common then the rest and are bred in the Guts but do somtimes get up into the Stomach The Second are called Ascarides they are little and smal like threds and they commonly ly in the lower part of the thick Intestines and over against the Sphincter-Muscle The third sort are broad Worms and long though seldome seen sometimes they are voided of an incredible length They are bred of such Nourishment as easily putrifieth in the Stomach hence it cometh to passe that Children and such as are gluttonous who eat much Fruit and such things as easily putrify especially more being eaten before the former is digested are troubled with Worms The Signes of Worms in the Guts are divers not in all alike a stinking and sowr Breath Stools like Cow dung in colour Gray like Potters earth Sometimes there is a continual Feaver Heavinesse Fainting Loathing Vomiting unquenchable Thirst and sometimes cold Sweats an unequal Pulse the Cheeks are sometimes red sometimes blew the Eyes shine the Nose itcheth the Teeth gnash a dry Cough There is pain in the Belly sometimes by Inflammation and sometimes by Distention some start in their Sleep Sometimes the Body pineth and the Patient hath an insatiable Appetite this is a Signe of flat Worms which eat up the Food The Ascarides are known by the itching of the Fundament and the Excrements are many times full of them Sometimes the eating away of the Gums is a Signe of Worms Though to Children and older Folk Worms are common and little feared yet many and dangerous Symptoms and Diseases are bred by them In the beginning of a Disease it is evil for Worms to be voided alive or dead especially alone without Dung if they be alive they signify great Crudity and Want of Nourishment if dead great Putrefaction by which they are killed In the declining of a Disease Worms comming forth with the Excrements is a good Signe The Cure of the Worms consisteth in giving Medicines to kill them and to evacuate them being killed The best way to kill them or at least to drive them to the lower Intestines are these Simples which follow viz. all the sorts of Wormwood Southernwood Calamint Dogs-tooth Century Horehound Dittany Hyssop Rew Savin Peach leavs Coriander seed Harts horn Lupines Mints Garlick Elecampane and many other of these Simples may several forms of Medicines be composed mixing with them such things as purge not onely to kill but also to carry away the Cause of Worms Rubarb is much commended because it may safely be given if a Feaver be present Take of Rubarb one Drachm yellow Sanders half a Scruple infuse them in Purslane water three Ounces strain them and dissolve the Powder of Rubarb and the Powder against the Worms which you may have at the Apothecaryes of each one Scruple Sirrup of Roses one Ounce mix them and make a Potion If the Feaver be not great add Hiera picra to your Potion more or lesse according to the strength of your Patient afterwards give a Clister made of the Decoction of Liquorish Raisons Figs or Chicken Broth sweetned with Sugar and Hony of Roses such Clisters are good to draw them down into the thick Guts Afterwards give a Clister made after this manner Take of Wormwood Southernwood Century of each one handfull Lupines half an Ounce the Seed of Wormwood and Coriander seed prepared of each two Drachms In a half Pint or a Pint of the strained Liquor according umo the age of the Patient dissolve one Ounce or two of the Oyl of Wormwood and Salt one Drachm and an half To bring them out being killed add to the former Clister Benedicta Laxativa Hiera picra and Cassia newly drawn of each three Drachms or more if your Patient can bear it Rondoleitus doth highly commend Diaearthamum and the Infusion of Agarick in Oxymel because it not onely killeth Worms but purgeth Phlegm and corrupted
apply a Medicine or two proper to the Disease If the Body be plethorick Phlebotomy may be profitable Afterwards evacuate the Humours with Medicines that principally purge Choller Take of the Electuary of the Juyce of Roses and the Electuary of Prunes solutive of each three Drachms Rubarb in Powder one Drachm Saffron half a Scruple with Sugar make a Bolus give it once or twice as the Patient stands in need thereof Then make a Decoction thus Take the Roots of Smallage Nettles and Maddir of each one Handfull the Leavs of Celandine Cleavers Fumitory Wormwood Century and the Tops of Saint John's Wort of each one Handfull Cinnamon and the Shavings of Ivory of each two Drachms the white Dung of an Hen and the Dung of a Goose of each two Drachms tye it up in a Ragg and with it a Scruple of Saffron make a Decoction in white Wine or if you please in Fumitory wormwood-Wormwood-water or the like to a Quart Let the Patient take a quarter of a Pint fasting and gently exercise himself Of these and Ingredients of the like Nature may any form of Medicine be prepared Whilst inward Medicines are administred foment or anoint the Region of the Liver as you are taught in the foregoing Chapters CHAP. LVIII Of the Dropsy THere are three kinds of Dropsyes the first is called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ascites the second 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tympanites the third 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Anasarca or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Leucophlegmatia Ascites is a Swelling of the Belly caused of a serous Humour and salt as Water it is cold as Salt it is hot infecting the Mouth of the Stomach hence cometh a Feaver and Thirst and not onely the Belly but sometimes the Cods Thighs Legs and Feet and sometimes it begins in the Legs and Feet and ascends upward It is the Opinion of most Physitians that all Dropsyes have their originall from a cold Distemper of the Liver which cannot make Blood but Water Phlegm and Wind. This Opinion is undeniably true in Anasarca but in Ascites and Tympanites it is questionable although sometimes a cold Distemper may be the Cause thereof The Experience of Modern Physitians hath put the businesse out of doubt who have found the Liver sound in dissected Bodyes who died of the Dropsy And if the Liver should breed warry Blood what reason can be given that the Water should be sent to the Cavity of the Belly onely and not to other parts and breed Anasarca A Dropsy may be caused by a hot Distemper of the Liver caused of Feavers much Wine or hot Meats which doth disperse the native Heat by which means the Liver Spleen and Kidneys become lesse active and not able to draw the Water nor cast it forth by the Ureters the like may be said of a cold Distemper Some external Cause may hinder the Attraction and Distribution of the Water as namely the drinking of much cold Water or hot Wine or any thing that doth diminish or disperse the native Heat The Dropsy Tympanites hath its Name from Tympanum a Drum because the Belly soundeth like a Drum and is much stretched out This Stretching hath its original from Wind shut up in the Cavity of the Abdomen and sometimes in the Cavity of the Guts as Platerus observed This Wind is bred by crude and thick phlegmatick or melancholy Humours which being stirred by Heat and made thin becometh thick and flatuous Vapours which are hard to be dissolved Nor doth Wind alone cause a Dropsy but with it a mixture of Water so that if Wind be predominant it is called a Tympany if Water Ascites Anasarca is bred of a phlegmatick Humour spread throughout the whole Body and maketh every part to swell and be white a cold Distemper of the Liver is the Cause when the Liver insteed of making good Blood produceth such Humours The Cause of this Disease may be imputed to all such things as cool the Liver too much and hinder its Concoction as a Diet too cold and moist the Stopping of the Terms or Haemorrhoids all Obstructions and Tumors in the Liver much bleeding or any praeternatural Evacuation You may make the Diagnosticks thus In Ascites the Belly is great and broad presse the Sides and you may hear the Water make a Noise when the Patient turneth in his Bed his Belly swayeth to that side the Thighs Legs Feet and Cods swell but the upper parts decay the Urine is little in Quantity thick in Substance in colour red In the encrease of the Disease the Patient breatheth with much difficulty by reason of the Abundance of Water which lyeth upon the Diaphragma especially when he lyeth down therefore the Patient for the most part is forced to stand or sit the salt Humour swimming in the Stomach causeth a continuall Thirst and a lingring Feaver In the Tympany the Belly soundeth like a Drum is big but lesse burthensome when the Patient lyeth upon his Back his Belly remaineth hard and extended nor doth it sway when he turneth himself the beginning of this Dropsy for the most part is accompanied with pain about the Navel and Reins In Anasarca not onely the Belly lower parts but the upper parts also swell if you thrust the Swelling with your Finger it doth pit and leave an Impression the Flesh is soft and loose and the Skin pale and earthy they have a lingring Feaver breathing difficultly and the Urine is thin and white To the Prognostick I say Every Dropsy is hard to be cured the older the Parient is and the longer the Disease hath continued the more perillous Anasarca is least dangerous Ascites and the Tympany are sometimes one more dangerous then another according to their Causes for Ascites comming from a Tumor or Ulcer of the Liver or any of the internall parts it is more dangerous then a Tympany et è contra If a Dropsy come upon an acute Disease it is evill If the Liver being full of Water discharge it self into the Omentum the Disease ends in Death If in the beginning a Dropsy the Patient being strong and free from Tumor or Ulcer in the Liver or any internal part the Water floweth into the Belly and causeth a Flux the Patient is cured if the contrary happen expect a contrary effect This I gather from the words of Hippocrates In the beginning of a Dropsy if there come a Flux of the Belly without want of Concoction or crudity it is prevented the lesse Urine is voided the worse because the drink runs not to the Reins but to the Belly It is a very hopefull signe when the Patient voideth more Urine then he drinketh and the belly grow lesse Impostumes or spots in the Legs of Hydropicall men are for the most part forerunners of death If a man who hath been cured of the Dropsie fall into the same againe it is very dangerous If a melancholly body have a Tympany he seldome escapes especially if he pisse by drops If the
is better then thin for thin Urine is a Sign that thick Humours are detained in the Body Vomiting Flux of the Belly or Haemorrhoids if it be moderate and continue not long is a hopefull Sign judge the contrary if it continue long For the most part this Disease is of long continuance and seldom cured therefore it hath been called the Scourge and Disgrace of Physitians The Cure of this Disease consisteth in four things First in opening Obstructions Secondly in amending the Distempers of the Bowells Thirdly in evacuating the peccant Humours and Lastly in strengthning the affected and vitall parts But to forbear Tediousnesse and to avoid needlesse Reperitions I refer you to the Chapters aforegoing especially Of the Obstruction of the Liver and Spleen Take this general Rule keep the Body alwayes soluble by Medicines which the Parient may use before Meat changing them often as often as need shall require let the Patient be purged let him make use of Broths Decoctions and Drinks that have a Faculty to open Obstructions as the Juyce of Wormwood or Wormwood-Wine adding thereto Tamarisk Agrimony Borrage and Buglosse Burnet Sanders Rosemary Flowers and the like Montanus much commendeth Venice Turpentine because it looseneth the Belly cleanseth and warmeth the Stomach provoketh Urine openeth the Obstructions of the Liver cleanseth and doth not heat it Steel-Wine and other Medicines made of Steel which you may find in the Chapter Of the Obstruction of the Liver powerfully openeth Obstructions especially the Extract of Steel in the Administration of which I have found more then ordinary Successe but let Medicines of this Nature be administred by a skilfull and carefull Physitian The Decoction or Infusion of Lignum Nephriticum doth open Obstructions safely and pleasantly And some do much commend the Decoction of the Root of sweet Bryar for the Patient 's ordinary drink Whilst you use internall Medicines Externalls are not to be neglected viz. Fomentations Oyntments c. such as are prescribed for the Obstruction of the Liver and Spleen choose the coolest of them and apply them to the Hypocondria And because in this Disease the Stomach alwayes suffereth seek the Remedy in its proper place Or if the Vapours ascending from the Hypochondria trouble the Heart or Brain and cause Swooning Palpitation Trembling Convulsions Head-ach or the like have recourse to the Chapters preceding which treat of those Diseases CHAP. LXI Of the Scurvy THe Scurvy is nothing else but an Hypocondriack Disease but having a peculiar degree of Malignity arising from the Putrefaction of Melancholy it hath more Symptomes then in the Hypocondriack Disease Diag All the Symptoms mentioned in the foregoing Chapter are common to the Scurvy Peculiar Symptoms are these Rednesse Itching Putrefaction Bleeding and Stinking of the Gums Mouth and Teeth which are also sometimes black and loose Spots in the Legs first red afterwards purple black or blew Straitnesse of the Breast and Shortnesse of Breath occasioned by thick Vapours arising from the Hypocondria to the Midriff or to the Sweet-Bread causing a Swelling or Tumor and consequently compressing the Diaphragma The Body is heavy and lazy especially the Legs and grievous pain there and in other parts as in the Toes Fingers Soals of the Feet Ancles Thighs Belly Arms Shoulders and the like The Urine is various as in the Hypocondriack Melancholy The Pulse is weak and unequall Some have the head-Ach and a seavourish Heat in the Night which vanisheth by a Morning Sweat Some have tho Tooth-Ach without manifest Cause Sometimes the Vapours ascending being astringent contract the Gullet and the Patient feareth strangling A stinking Breath is common to Scorbutick persons Tumors in divers parts sometimes hard sometimes soft like Bladders and sometimes like the stinging of Nettles And lastly an Atrophy Consumption and generall decay of the whole Body That I may more perfectly discover the Symptoms of this Disease I shall here lay down some other which are common to other Diseases and shew you how to distinguish them Sometimes the Scurvy causeth pains in the Joynts which must be distinguished from the pains caused by the French Pox thus In the French Pox the pains are between the Joynts and by long continuance cause Knots there the Symptoms of the Pox appear as Running of the Reins Bubo c. or the Patient hath acted with some unclean woman But in the Scurvy some of the preceding Symptoms appear or at least the Patient is of a melancholy Constitution This must be distinguished also from the Arthritis or Joynt-Gout which is fixed or at least seldome changeth the place but in the Scurvy it is very moveable running from one Joynt to another and sometimes for a while vanisheth In the same manner is the bastard-Palsy which the Scurvy causeth distinguished from a true one which is constant but in the Scorbaticall Palsy he that one day could not walke or stand at all can the next day walk with little or no help Sometimes it causeth a Flux of the Belly like a Diarrhoea but differeth from it in this that the Excrements are thicker then in the former and in greater Quantity exceeding the Quantity of the Meat taken Sometimes the Excrements are mixed with Blood but differeth from the Dysentery because there is no pain of the Belly and the Blood is thick sent thither by the Meseraick Veins Sometimes the Scorbatick pains are in the sides imitating the Pleurisy but is much different because the Feaver if any is weaker there is no difficulty of Breathing no Cough Spitting nor constant pain Lastly you must distinguish these pains from the pains of the Stone for the Urine is sometimes red like Blood as if the Kidneys were wounded by the Stone and sometimes black both which come from a scurvy salt Matter in the Spleen or Parts adjacent Prog This Disease is very hard to be cured because the Melancholy Humour is so farr predominant Many times it is very dangerous because it bringeth the Dropsy Consumption c. And sometimes acute Diseases as the Apoplexy Swoonings and the like which produce sudden deaths In the Cure of the Scurvy you must follow the Method prescribed in the Cure of Obstruction of the Liver and Spleen beginning with the weakest first with which you must make use of specificall Medicines for the Scurvy of which the chief are Dutch and Sea Scurvy-grasse Water Cresses Brook-Lime Horse-Radishes Fumitory Wormwood Celandine the lesse c. Those which are of lesse Efficacy and have a Faculty to correct and prepare the melancholy Humour are these which follow Agrimony Asarum Bettony Borrage Buglosse Carduus Ceterach Elicampane Germander Hyssop Maidenhair of all sorts Polypody of the Oak the Bark of Ash Capers and Tamarisk the Flowers of Elder Dodder of Time and Tamarisk Observe this general Rule if the Patient be feavourish or subject to heats you must give the hottest of them in a smaller Quantity and add Endive Sorrel Succory the Juyce of Citrons Lemmons and Orenges and the Spirit of
Sulphur and Vitriol Of these and such like may several sorts of Medicines be formed which for Brevity sake I omit CHAP. LXII Of the Stone in the Kidneys THe material Cause of the Stone in the Kidneys is a phlegmatick feculent thick slimy and tartarous Humour in the Urine the efficient Cause is Heat which drieth and hardneth the Matter and at length turneth it into a Stone this is the Opinion of Hippocrates and Galen and most modern Physitians The Hermetick Physitians have found a certain Juyce which they call Succus Lapidiscens which is a certain Humour naturally proper to turn to a Stone and this they say is the material Cause of the Stone and the efficient Cause to be Spiritus Lapidiscens a stone-making Spirit So that if a man eat or drink any thing wherein the Stony Juyce is that Juyce is turned into a Stone if the Reins have a Stone-making Spirit But if the Reins be free from this Spirit a Stone is not bred unlesse the stony-Juyce be very predominate on the contrary if the Reins have this stony Faculty and the Food be free from this Juyce the Stone is scarcely engendered unlesse the stone-making Faculty be very predominate Many Historyes shew that Stones come from a stone-making spirit or Breath out of the Earth which hath turned the Bodyes of Men Beasts and other things into Stone Riverius upon this Subject in his last Edition quoteth Aventius Annal. Bavar lib. 7 An. 1343 who saith that above fifty men with many Cows were turned into Stone Ortellius tells the same story of whole heards in Russia And Camerarius reporteth that in the Province of Chilo in Armenia at the blast of a South Wind which happeneth four times in a year whole Troops of horse have been turned into Statues of stone standing in the warlick posture in which they were before The Antecedent Causes are many The Stomach being not able to concoct well sendeth a crude Chyle to the Liver A hot Liver doth bake the chylous Matter or a cold Liver maketh crude Blood the Spleen weak or obstructed doth not sufficiently purge the drossy Blood these do cause even the Blood or crude Juyces fit to make a Stone Likewise the Reins besides their conjunct Cause may be an Antecedent Cause in two respects viz. their Temper and Form First their Temper being hot doth violently draw the crude Matter and thicken it In respect of their Form the emulgent Veins may be loose and fit to receive the tartarous Matter into the Reins and the Ureters so narrow that the thick Matter hath not passage from the Kidneys Lastly all Food that produceth crude thick and slimy Nourishment doth afford Matter for the Stone as Flesh or Fish that is very salt or dryed in the smoak Pulse Cheese and all Milk-Meats hard Eggs Chesnuts Pears Quinces Medlars Rice Wine thick and not well purged standing Waters all things which make the Liver and Reins too hot as old strong Wine Garlick Onions Pepper and Ginger too strong Diureticks which carry crude Matter too violently to the Reins violent Excercise after Meat inordinate Lechery too much Fulnesse or Emptinesse and the like The Signs of the Stone of the Kidneys are many viz. a constant pain about the Loyns whilst it is in the hollow of the Kidneys the pain is heavy when it gets into the head of the Ureters sharp and pricking and so continueth unlesse it get back again or fall into the Cavity of the Bladder The Urine is sometimes bloody by reason of the opening Corrosion of the Veins or cutting of the tender Flesh of the Kidneys sometimes it is thin and little in Quantity Voiding of Sand and Stones is an evident sign of the Stone but if the Patient voideth Gravell without stones be not too hasty in your Judgment but take the Caution given you in the 60 Chapter Of the Hypocondriack Melancholy The Thigh on the same side the Back is pained becometh numb because the Stone doth oppresse the Nerve which is in the Muscles of the Loyns under the Reins and goeth to the Hip for its Motion The Sick loatheth and vomiteth often by reason of the Connexion of the Kidneys with the Stomach the Stomach sympathetically sensible endeavoureth to exclude that hurtful companion Be sure you make a distinction between the Stone in the Kidneys and the Chollick have recourse to the 43 Chapter where I have left a few Rules This Disease is very dangerous and bringeth many and sad Symptoms as Inflammations Exulcerations great Pains long Watchings Weaknesse Feavers Suppression of Urine and Death it self It is difficult to cure if not incurable in old men saith Hippocrates with whom Experience agreeth If the pain hath continued long and violent and the Sick grow externally cold with cold and faint Sweats Death is at hand If the Stone be accompanied with an Ulcer of the Kidneys it is incurable because those things which do break the Stone do exasperate the Ulcer The Cure of the Stone in the Kidneys consisteth in mollifying enlarging or relaxing and throwing the Stone out of the Ureters to break the Stone if it be too big for the Passage to take away the antecedent Cause and to ease pain which you must do thus first open the Liver-Vein on the same side that is most grieved draw as much Blood as the Constitution of the Patient can well spare Then administer a mollifying and laxative Clister Take of Common and Marsh-Mallows Camomill Penny-royall Pellitory of the Wall and Violet Leavs of each one handfull the Seeds of sweet Fennell Flax and Faenugreek of each half an Ounce boil it in Posset-drink to a Pint strain it and dissolve therein Cassia Catholicon and Diaphaenicon of each three Drachms the Oyls of Rue and Scorpions of each one Ounce make a Clister and administer it Likewise the Oyls of sweet-Almonds Camomill Dill Lillyes and Violets are good to be used in Clisters of this Nature This Clister or one of the same Nature you must give twice or thrice in a week and in the dayes between foment the Region of the Kidneys with a Fomentation made of the aforenamed simples or others of the like Nature which I shall treat of before I put an end to this Chapter Afterwards anoint the part with the Oyls aforenamed Or you may make a Cataplasm of white Bread sodden in white Wine and if you add any of the aforesaid Oyls it will be the better Afterwards lay a Plaister to the place Take of the Oyl of Camomill and Rue of each half an Ounce of Dill and sweet-Almonds of each two Drachms Goose and Hens Grease of each one Drachm with Wax and the compound Melilot Plaister as much as sufficeth make a Plaister and apply it In the mean time you must not forget inward Medicines which have a Faculty to break the Stone to ease pain and mollify and enlarge the Ureters The simples following are approved of viz. the Roots of Asparagus Birthwort Fennell Butchers-Broom Filipendula
Couch-grasse Garden and Horse-radish Maddir Marsh and common Mallows Liquorish Onions Parsly Knot-grass the Leavs of Bettony Camomill Penny-royall Marsh-Mallows Pellitory of the Wall Maiden-hair Parsly peart Filipendula Saxifrage Savin Burnet Goats-Thorne Kidney-Wort Melilot Golden-Rod the seeds of Nettles Parsly Gromwell Burdock Winter Cherryes Bay Ivy and Juniper Berries the four cold Seeds the stones of Hips Haws Medlers c Of these you may make Decoctions Powders or distilled Waters and the like the Description of which sot brevity sake I will omit Quercetanus in his Dispensatory commendeth this following Powder Take of the inward skins of Hen's Gizzards and their white Dung of each half an Ounce the inward skins of Egg shels dried and powdered two Ounces and an half Rupture-wort and Cinnamon of each four Scruples the Stones of Medlars two Drachms the Seeds of Annise and Fennell of each one Ounce powder them and give half a Drachm or a Drachm in white-white-Wine Goats Blood prepared is excellent and the Water distilled from it in Balneo Mariae doth wonders And some do commend the Urine of a Goat taken out whilst he is alive and drunk and the Entrails applyed Chymists do highly extoll their Salts and Experience tells us that if they be well prepared and carefully administred they work no small effects viz. the Salt of Bean Cods or stalks of Camomill Tartar vitriolate Oyl of Vitriol the Spirit of Salt Mercurius Dulcis c. Zacutus Lusitanus commendeth the naturall Balsom a few drops thereof taken with Oyl of sweet-Almonds Crato had as good an Opinion of Filberts eaten and confirms his opinion by Experience Minerall Waters are good for they do not onely dissolve the slimy Tartarous Matter which breeds the Stone but also allayeth the hot Distemper of the Liver and Reins Of all Diuretick Medicines Turpetine is the safest given the Quantity of a Nut with Sugar every Morning for Diureticks taken very often for the most part hurt by carrying the Humours from other parts to the Reins but Turpetine seldom or never worketh any evill effect You may use it thus Take of Venice Turpetine washed with Saxifrage Water half an Ounce Cassia newly drawn six Drachms Ruharb and Liquorish in Powder of each half a Drachm mix them and make a Bolus To conclude give Clisters often or if you see it more convenient purge the Body between your Diuretick Potions for the reason before given your best Purgations are Cassia Diaphaenicon Rubarb and such like If the Liver and Reins are distempered by Heat make use of those Medicines prescribed against the hot Distemper of the Liver If Crudities in the Stomach be the Cause seek Medicines out of the Chapters which treat of the Diseases of the Stomach If you do carefully consider the Cause or from what part of the Body the Reins fetch their stony Materials and order your Medicines accordingly with prudence and reason by the blessing of God you may find the Cure of the Stone not to be so difficult as it is commonly adjudged For my part I have cured several people who have been grievously vexed with this Grief for which Mercy I do and shall praise God CHAP. LXIII Of the Stone in the Bladder I Shall speak nothing of the Cause of the Stone in the Bladder the material and efficient Cause being the same with that of the Reins This Disease happeneth to Children oftner then to people of riper Age who are more subject to the Stone in the Reins because Children eating much and often their Urine is thick and the expulsive Faculty in the Reins is stronger in them then in men and sendeth the Urine speedily to the Bladder where being long kept by reason of much sleep or play the Urine settleth and is retained till it by Heat becometh a Stone for the passage is narrow in Children and the Urine not being very sharp doth not powerfully provoke the expulsive Faculty Fernelius was of an Opinion that the Stone in the Bladder was alwayes first bred in the Reins and falling from thence into the Bladder and getting fresh Matter there encreaseth Fern Lib. 6 cap. 13. pag. 317. Many times it so happeneth but daily Experience teacheth that many have the Stone in the Bladder who never had pain in the Reins especially Children The Knowledg of this Disease in the beginning is difficult but when the Stone is grown great is evident enough to the Patient's sorrow The first sign is pain in the Neck of the Bladder reaching to the end of the yard especially after pissing The yard itcheth and the Patient handleth it often He feeleth a great Weight about the Neck of the Bladder when the Stone is grown great the Urine suddenly stoppeth and he is in pain like a Woman in travel his yard standeth often and he maketh Water with most ease lying upon his back because then the Stone falleth out of the Neck of the Bladder When he hath need to make Water he is also much provoked to goe to stool by reason of the consent of the Sphincter Muscles of the Anus and Bladder being moved by the Branches of the same Nerve Many signs more I might insert but these I think sufficient for the ingenious To be fully satisfyed the best way is to make use of the Catheter This Disease is alwayes exceeding painfull and no lesse dangerous if the Stone be like Flint it can never be dissolved if soft or brittle it may be dissolved by the long use of strong Medicines but sew there are that have Patience enough to make use of so many Medicines The Cure is not altogether so difficult in Women as in Men because the passage in them is wider In the year 1656 I cured a Woman who was a long time grieved with the Stone and intended to venture upon the last and terrible Cure by Cutting with in the space of a Month having first dissolved part of the Stone by Medicines she voided a Stone without the help of manuall operation in bignesse two Inches in length an Inch and an half without prejudice to the Uritery parts she was then aged 63 and is yet a live and lusty to praise God for so great a deliverance For to perfect the Cure you must do as you are taught in the foregoing Chapter so that I need not here repeat any thing onely lay down the Medicine so much commended by Horatius Augenius it is thus prepared Take of Sows or Wood Lice prepared a Drachm or four Scruples Aqua vitae two Scruples the Broth of red Cicers nine or ten Ounces take it in the Morning fasting Sennertus also commends it and this Medicine likewise Take of Salt of white Tartar one Ounce Parsly water one Pint mix them and strain them with a brown paper If after the use of Medicines you find the Neck of the Bladder wounded or much pained by the roughnesse of the Stone make a Decoction thus Take of the Roots of Marsh Mallows Fennel Coughgrasse and Cammock of each one
that there is a Necessity that it be cut off You must begin the Cure with such Medicines that may discharge the Guts and Bladder of their Exerements that they may not hinder the Reduction of the womb Then let her ly upon her Back with her Thighs wide asunder and draw up her Knees and let her with her own hands or by the help of a Mid wife thrust the womb inwards or that you may drive it in farther and hurt her lesse make a Pessary of linnen cloaths and with it thrust up the womb first anoint it with the Oyl of Lillyes and if it be swelled use a Fomentation of Althaea common Mallows Fenugreek and the like Before you repose the womb to its place anoint it with the Musilage of Comphry Roots or Infusion of Gum Traganth or any thing that is of a glowing Nature When it is up let the woman ly with one Thigh over the other and put up toward the Neck of the womb a little wool wetted in ted wine or rose-Rosewater wherein Acatia and Hypocystis hath been dissolved Rodericus à Castro adviseth the Physitian to come with a red hot Iron and to make as if he would thrust it into the womb Avenzoar and Zacutus Lusitanus after the use of all means and devices by this Stratagem reduced the womb that is having laid her down as before said and one held down her Thighs and another her Breast then put her into a great fright by setting Mice or Frogs to run up her Legs and Thighs by this fright the womb hath been reduced into its proper place for by this means Nature contracteth her self for fear and draweth the womb with her Then lay a plaister against Ruptures on the Region of the womb and Groins and have a care that you keep the Body that it be not costive nor too soluble To conclude all the Medicines externall and internall prescribed against the immoderate flowing of the Menstrues are here good but beware you use them not when the Courses should flow and lest by the frequent use of such Medicines they should be hindered your Patient being young having her Courses monthly be sparing in the use of them but rather let her wear a Trusse CHAP. LXXIX Of Barrennesse BArrennesse or Sterility is an impotency of Conception the principall causes thereof are four first when the Woman doth not conveniently receiv the Man's Sperm into her Womb and this happeneth by divers causes viz. If the Woman be too young and the Neck of the Womb too strait for the Man's Yard the same happens to elderly Virgins being not exercised in actions tending to Generation their genitall parts become flaggy withered so streight that they canot easily admit of the Man's Yard some are lame and crooked that they cannot ly in a fit posture some have a cold Distemper in the Womb that they are dull and have no delight in the act others are very fat which causeth a Streightnesse in the passage or their Bellyes being big hinder their due conjunction with the Man Want of love between a Man and his Wife is a great cause Diseases in the Womb or the adjacent parts hinder the Reception of the Seed The second cause of Barrennesse is when the Woman doth not retain the Seed of the man in her Womb for sometimes the Womb is moist and slippery and full of excrementitious Humours by which means the Sperm doth easily slide back again and the Orifice of the Womb is so loose flaggy that it cannot contract it self to hold the Seed or it may be so slack that it cannot contract to do its Office and this Slacknesse may be occasioned by a breaking of the Fibres of the Womb one from another in hard Labour or Abortion to say all the Whites or any moist Distemper of the Womb may be the cause of Barrennesse Thirdly want of sufficient Nourishment of the Womb to cherish the Seed may be the cause of Barrennesse and this comes to passe by any Distemper of the Womb that doth corrupt the Seed a cold Distemper extinguisheth a hot Distemper dissipateth the Spirits in the Seed a moist Distemper hindereth the Seeds coming to its due Thicknesse and a dry Distemper consumes and drinks up the moisture of the Seed Some say Witchcraft and Charms may be the cause certain Meats and Poysons many things are antipathetical to Faecundity as Vinegar Mints Water-cresses Beans and such like Jet Glow-Worms Saphires Smaragds the Matrice of a Goat of Mule malignant Diseases may corrupt Seed and hinder Conception as stinking Ulcers the French Pox leprous Infections and the like The fourth thing that hinders Conception is when the Woman wants fit materialls for the formation of the Embrio to augment the same and this chiefly dependeth upon want of seed menstruous blood and this defect happeneth to those that are too young or too old the determined approved age is from fourteen to 50. Likewise the materials may be ill disposed through evill diet which cannot breed blood or good seed Diseases weakening nature may cause the same Add to all these causes a disproportion or unsureablenesse between the man's Sperm and the Woman's that is when the man and the Woman are of one Complexion by which means the seed of either of them partake of the same excesse that is that they are either too hot or too cold hence it cometh to passe that the same Woman who could never have a Child by her Husband after his Death hath Children by another man and a man by another Woman Sometimes a man and Woman live ten years or more together and have no Children and afterwards the woman conceaveth and bringeth forth and this cometh to passe by the change of Temperature caused by years I should now lay down the Signs of all these causes but most of them are evident to the Senses and the rest he who cannot discover hath not a Head befitting a Physitian therefore to abbreviate the work I shall leav it to the search of the Ingenious and trouble the Reader with a few Rules left by the Ancients to try whether a Woman be naturally barren or no Hippocrates adviseth to wrap the Woman close in Blankets and burn some Perfume under her and if the Smell proceed through her Body to her Mouth or Nostrills then certainly she is fruitfull The same Author adviseth to put a clove of Garlick peeled into her womb or Galbanum and if the Smell come to her Head or Mouth judg that she is fruitfull Amatus Lusitanus to try whether a Woman be fruitfull or no giveth a Drachm of Hares Runner dissolved in warm water to the Woman being in a Bath of hot water fasting and if the Woman findeth pains in her Belly he judgeth her fruitfull if she hath no pain he judgeth her barren Some steep Barly in the Urine and if it shoot within ten dayes they judg the Woman fruitfull Before you try these uncertain conclusions upon the Woman
little and flaggy she feels a heavinesse about the Loius and Hips she hath no appetite to eat nor desire to stirr she hath a shivering by Fits she hath Streightnesse of the Sides and Belly above the Navell and a pain in her Head plenty of Milk flowing from the Dugs shews that the Child is weak and danger of Abortion If pains about the Reins Loins and Share torment the Woman then know that Abortion is hard at hand the same judg if Blood or Water burst out and flow and the Scituation of the Child is changed from the middle of the Belly to the Bottom If any of these or the like Symptoms befall a Woman with Child after any externall cause of Abortion as Blow Fall c. let the Woman betake herself to her Bed and take such Medicines which prevent Abortion Prognosticks of Abortion are thus made Women are more endangered by Abortion then by a naturall and timely Birth because in a timely Birth the Vessels and Ligaments are loosned and opened of their own accord but in Misearriage they are broken in sunder the like you may perceive between the Stalk of ripe and unripe fruit Women many times become barren by Miscartiage because the womb is rent and its natur all disposition much altered Much bleeding seconded with Convulsions raving and fainting is alwayes deadly If an Inflammation of the Womb follow Abortion it is deadly In young Women who never bore Child before it is worst because the passage is narrower and they more unaccustomed to pains The bigger the Child is the more the danger Women who have moist and slippery Wombs do often miscarry and with little danger To prevent Miscarriage you must before and after she is with Child endeavour to remove all evill dispositions of the Body or Womb that may cause Miscarriage if Blood abound open a Vein purge the peccant Humours strengthen the Womb but if the Woman be with Child beware how you bleed except it be in the first month and the Body full of Blood and in this case let Purges be gentle and often reiterated To conclude to streng then the Womb fetch Medicines from the 73 Chapter CHAP. LXXXI Of hard Travel in Child-birth HArd Labour is when more vehement Pains and dangerous Symptomes happen to Women in Travell and continue a longer time There are divers causes some whereof may be assigned to the weakness of the Womans Body Leannesse or Drinesse as well as Fatnesse of the Body her Age or Sicknesses as the Stone or preternaturall Tumor in the Bladder or any Disease of the womb Other causes may be assigned to the Child when its Body or Head is too big when there are two or when the Child is dead or when it endeavours to come forth with his Feet Hands Back Belly or Breech c. A cold and dry Air and Northern Wind streightneth the Body and driveth the Spirits inward and is obnoxious to the Child's first entrance into the world If the Air be more hot then ordinary it is as bad as the former for it dissipates the Spirits exhausts the Strength and introduceth feavourish Distempers into the Bodyes of Mother and Child Meats of a hard digesture or astringing quality taken a little before the time of Delivery Sleepinesse and Sortishnesse the Retention of Excrements all vehement Passions of the Mind want of an expert Midwife and Women to assist the labouring Woman may be causes of hard Labour Hard Labour is easily known to the Woman herself to the Midwife and the Assistants The time of a naturall Birth ought to be accomplished in the space of twenty four houres if the Woman continue a longer time it is hard Labour If her pains be weak and long before they return and more about her Back then Privityes the causes may easily be known many you may gather from the Relation of the Woman in Travell her Leannesse Weaknesse Fatnesse and Age is perceived Diseases of the Womb and Bladder may be known by their proper Signes The Bigness and disorderly Posture of the Child is soon seen by an expert Midwife If the Child be dead you may know it by these Signs the Breasts of the Woman become flat and flaggy her Eyes hollow and troubled her Face and Lips are of a pale and leaden colour her Belly is cold there is a Sense of Weight there is no Motion felt though you apply somthing wetred in the Decoction of Tansy warm to her Navell When the Woman turnes the Child sways that way like Lead If the after-Birth come away before the Child it is a Sign of the Death of the Child And if the Child cometh not away it soon putrifieth and stinketh and stinking Moisture floweth from the womb and their Breath stinketh Hard Labour is dangerous for sometimes the Mother sometimes the Child and sometimes both do lose their lives Sleepy Diseases and Convulsions if they befall a Woman in Travell death is at hand If the Woman be in Travell above three dayes it is likely the Child will dy If the Woman fall a sneezing in her Travell it is good saith Hippocrates If the Child be dead the danger is exceeding great especially if it be not brought soon away for it will cause Feavers Faintings Convulsions dead Sleeps and death it self In difficult Labour first all causes which hinder the Birth must be removed if it be possible then such things as further the Birth must be administred An Ounce of Oyl of sweet Almonds and a Drachm of Confectio Alchermes given in Broth is good Burn white Wine with a little Saffron and Cinnamon afterwards dissolve a little Alchermes this I have found very powerfull to hasten the Birth If you find this Medicine too gentle make a Julep of more efficacy thus Take of the Water of Mugwort and Vervain of each two Ounces the Sirrup of Maiden-hair one Ounce Confectio Alchermes half a Drachm Dittany of Creet and both Birth worts of each one Scruple Oyl of Cinnamon five Drops mix them and make a Potion Oyl of Amber fifteen Drops or the Extract of Saffron five Grains may be either of them mixed insteed of the Oyl of Cinnamon Provoke sneezing and open the lower Veins if need be Then let the Midwife anoint the Mouth of the womb with the Oyl of Lillyes and Sweet Almonds and the like and foment the Belly with a mollifying Decoction and in a dangerous case give a sharp Clister Some things have a peculiar property to help the Birth as the Stone Aetitis Loadstone and Storax held neer the Privityes the Eyes of a Hare taken out in the month of March and dryed use it as the Stones and when the Woman is delivered take them away lest it draw out the Womb. Some commend the Gall of an Hen applyed to the Navell If the Child be dead give the same things before mentioned but it is convenient to make them stronger by adding Savin Water and the Leavs of Savin dried the Troches of Mirrh
Feavers In the Bastard add Agarick Catholicum Diaphaenicon Sena and such as the judicious Physitian shall judg suitable in respect of the Patient's Constitution and the Humors offending But to every Medicine cream of Tartar may be added for it openeth cleanseth and cools If the Patient be subject to vomit go that way to work as I said in the last Chapter Open a Vein draw Blood as often or as much as you see occasion Prepare the Humours with Juleps as you are taught in the last Chapter then purge If the Humours be stubborn and the Fit continue make a Decoction of Wormwood and Century with cool Herbs to qualify the Heat it is much commended after the use of that purge again If there be a Distension under the short Ribs apply an emollient attenuating and strengthning Fomentation What ever part of the Body is ill disposed have a regard to that in all your Medicines The Spirit of Sulphur is much magnified for extinguishing the Heat of Feavers and if the Humours be thin it sends them forth by Sweat give from half a Scruple to a Scruple in four Ounces of Purslane Water Or you may give it thus Take of Salt of Wormwood half a Drathm Spirit of Sulphur a Scruple Carduus Water four Ounces mix them and give the Patient to drink when the Fit approcheth and lay him to sweat Those things which are usually laid to the Wrists by the common people are not to be despised I shall not insert them nor more Receipts for the cure of this Ague First it being my cheifest end to describe the Causes and Signes of Diseases Secondly almost every womans Head is full of Medicines against an Ague CHAP. LXXXVIII Of the Quotidian or every day-Ague THis Ague is caused by Phlegm putrefying in the first Region of the Body therefore all things that breed Phlegm in the Body may be the Cause thereof The Diagnostick signes are such as testify Phlegm to abound in the Body as white colour pale dull Sense Softnesse and Fatnesse Profoundnesse of Sleep and Droaming of Water It comes with a cold shlvering little or noe shaking and for the most part it comes in the Night After the cold Fit the Patient feels Heat but mildly not scorching little Thirst the Pulse is small seldom and slow there is a Distension about the short Ribs the Fits appear more intense or remisse last longer or shotter as the Phlegm is simple or mingled with other Humours the Fit commonly lasteth twelv hours and then leaveth a feavourish Fit behind it Sometimes it lasteth twenty four hours and is almost like a continuall Feaver There is a difference found in respect of the Nature of the Phlegm for salt Phlegm makes the Patient thirsty sharp Phlegm hungry sweet Phlegm sleepy If the Phlegm hath no Tast it maketh him without Appetite Acid or glassy Phlegm by reason of its Coldnesse causeth shaking This Disease for the most part continueth long and is not without danger because it sometimes degenerates into a Cachexia Dropsy or Lethargy The Diet and Medicines must be such as have an extenuating cutting and dividing Quality The Cure must be performed almost in the same Manner as the bastardly Tertian Zacutus Lusitanus doth much commend the Decoction of Roman Wotmwood and Camomill Flowers if five or six Ounces be adminisred And the Decoction of China and Guajacum for many dayes but beware it dry not too much CHAP. LXXXIX Of the Quartane Ague AN intermitting Quartane is caused of Melancholy putrifying in the Body There are two sorts of Quartan Agues viz. a Legitimate and a Bastard Quartane a Legitimate is bred of naturall Melancholy which is the carthly part of our Nourishment in quality cold and dry The bastard Quartane is bred of preternaturall Melancholy which is bred of adust Choller and is hot and dry or by Melancholy mixed with adust Choller A Quartane Ague is either single double or triple the single is that which comes every fourth day The double is when two Fits happen upon two dayes one after another and the third day none The Triple Quartane is when Fits come every as in a Quotidian and double Tertian Diagnostick Signes of a Quartane are the Ague coming every fourth day and Melancholy abounding in the Body it begins with gaping and stretching heavinesse of the Body shivering and shaking follows as if it would break the Patient's Bones The Pulse is seldom and slow the Urine watry thin and white after a while it is higher coloured and thicker The bastard Quartane for the most part follows other Feavers or Agues by which Adustion of Humours is made and in it the Feaver Heat and Thirst is more violent and all the Symptomes are greater because the Humours are thinner A double Quartane is known by the course of the Fits A triple Quartane is distinguished from a double Tertian or Quotidian by Melancholy abounding and by the course of the Fits and chiefly in this that at first it was a simple or double Quartane Prognosticks are thus made This of all Agues is the longest of Continuance some continue half a year some a year and some longer It is good in this Ague for the Patient to void black Urine The bastard Quartane is not of so long continuance as the Legitimate because it proceeds from thinner Humours then the other The Legitimate is not so dangerous as the other which hath many times dangerous Symptomes especially if the Liver Spleen or any of the interior parts be damnified because it is sometimes degenerated into a Dropsy If any aged above sixty fall into the Quartane Ague it proveth mortall If the intermitting Quartane degenerate into a continuall it is for the most part deadly To bleed at the Nose in a Quartane Ague is but a bad Sign because the morbifick Humours are too thick for such an Evacuation If a bloody Flux come upon a Quartane Ague and continue but a while it is good A bastard Quartane is cured almost with the same Medicines which have been prescribed for the Cure of a Tertian to them adding such Medicines as regard Melancholy and free the Spleen from Disaffection Seeing the Legitimate Quartane is caused of Humours that are cold and dry thick and earthly we must use Medicines that do heat moisten and attenuate Let the Patient's Diet be heating and moistning of good Juyce easy of digesture and of thin substance as rear Egs yong Animals and Birds of Mountains Fishes of stony Rivers among Herbs Borrage Buglosse Spinach Fennell Parsly and Turneps Crato doth much commend the Broth of Turneps of Fruits Almonds Apples stewed Prunes Figs Raisons Dates and Pine-kernells Let him abstain from all Meats which are of a thick and clammy Substance and of hard digesture let him drink small Ale or Beer let him eat moderately and on the Fit day six hours before the Fit cometh let him be very moderate in drinking for much drink fills the Spleen and makes the Disease rebellious Having thus
of the root of Night shade finely powdered and Hogs-grease make an oyntmnt or you may use unguentum è Solano or the white of an egg and Stiptick Wine and such like Then you must consider if the distemper be hot or cold if hot whether it is of the whole body or the part only if the whole body be distempered it is a Fever and you must seek the cure in the second book if the distemper be in the Member only foment it with the decoction of Plantane Roses and such like with the Oyl of Roses unguentum album populeon c if the member suffer by a cold distemper which you may know by the swart colour loosnesse and softnesse of the part then you must apply heating medicines unguentum Basilicon will do very well in this case If a Convulsion happeneth you must consider what is the cause if repletion or fullnesse of phlegm be the cause let the place wherein he lyeth be naturally or art ficially hot and dry let him lye free from perturbation and trouble let his sleep be moderate and only in the night Let him be very moderate and sparing in his Diet which ought to be rere Eggs Barly Cream the flesh of Chickens Capons and Hens Raisons Pine-Kernells sweet-Almonds of hearbs Sage wild Time Hysop Marjarome and such like Let the phlegmatick humor be purged and the convulsed part anointed with the oyle of Nard Bays Castor Rue Nutmeggs c. Vesalius commendeth this following oyntment Take of oyle of sweet-Almonds Hens grease and the marrow of Calves feet of each nine drachms oyle of Violets six ounces the fat of a Kid and Calfe of each fifteen ounces boyle them in the decoction of Mallowes the root of March-Mallowes and the seeds of Quinces till it be consumed then strain it and bring it into the form of a Liniment If Convulsion come by repletion of blood and inflammation open the middle vein and draw blood at severall times give Clysters and deal with this inflammation as with another If emptinesse be the cause of Convulsion direct a moist diet rest of body and mind and much sleep To the diet aforesaid add small stone fishes let his drink be Barly-water and if a little Liquoris and Cinamon be sodden therein it will be the better herbs proper for him are Lettice Spinach Arach Borage Buglosse Mallow and such like of fruits Melons Gourds Damask Prunes Peaches ripe Grapes c. The conserve of Violetts Borage Buglosse Diatraganthum frigidum and bathe his body or the part with warm water and oyle or anoint with the oyle of sweet Almonds Be sure to remember to have respect to the greatnesse of the disease the season of the yeare the age strength and constitution of the Patient Swooning often happening to wounded persons if vioient pain be the cause labour to appease the pain you have rules enough before going If it be occasioned by unmeasurable Evacuation cast Rose-water or cold water into his face use strong Ligatures and fricarions to the extream parts If some venemous quality by reason of a bite of some venemous Creature or wound with some venemous weapon be the cause of this symptome you must seek the remedy in the third Chapter If Raving and Madnesse happen appoint a mean diet betwixt hot and cold labour to provoke sleep to loosen the belly and to expell all perturbations of the mind If the body abound with blood and nothing forbid it open a vein then alter and prepare the humors with Juleps made of the syrup of Roses Violets Water-Lillyes Poppyes and Endive then empty the body with Manna Cassia or some such gentle thing or with an Emollient Clister but above all have a speciall regard to the wound because pain there may be the cause therefore let it be often opened and bathed with Vinegar and oyle of Roses or something that may powerfully appease the pain If the Palsie happen you must be very circumspâ—ct and appoint such a Diet as for the Convulsion let his drink be honyed water and boyle therein Sage and Cinamon or this Take of Cinamon two ounces Ginger half an ounce graine of Paradice Galanga and long Pepper of each one drachm Cardamoms one drachm and an halfe Nutmegs Cloves and Mace of each one drachm boyle them in water to the wasting of a third part strain it and sweeten it and let the Patient drink two or three ounces in a morning For medicines internall or externall go to the seventh Chapter of the second book If the wounded person be costive and he begin to suffer prejudice thereby give him some Lenitive medicines or a suppository If he suffer by stoppage of Urine give him somwhat which gently provoketh Urine see the 68 Chapter of the second book If Vomiting happen and it ceaseth not in due season Take Leaven half a pound the juyce of Mint extracted with Vinegar as much as is needfull boyle them in to the form of a Cataplasm lay it warm to the Stomach If the Patient feel heat and astonishing about the wound anoint the woâ—nd with the oyle of Camphire If the wound swelleth with heat and pilleth under the finger boyle Water-Cresses and Water-Lillyes in Rose Vinegar and apply it If there appeare the Flux of the Sinews which is a viscous liquor from the Nerves dresse it with a vulnery oyle and lay on Emplastrum Sticticum If the wound putrifie and goeth back from healing swelleth with heat looks black blew or swart Take of Litharge one pound Allum one pound and an half Salt two ounces Frankinsence four ounces Roman Gum five ounces of Wine Water and Vinegar of each one pound boyle them a quarter of an hour and apply it warm If there grow a Pustulous Fistula that is when the wound is healed too soon without any firm foundation so that it putrifie underneath and break out again in this case Paracelsus adviseth this Cerat to be used Take of common oyle Virgin Wax and Litharge of Gold in Powder of each one pound boyle them together into the formes of a Cerate to which add Opoponax prepared with Vinegar and Mummy of each three ounces Aristolochia Mastick Frankinsence and Mirrh of each half an ounce Turpetine three ounces Oyle of Bayes two ounces Camphire two drachms mix them upon the fire afterwards make it up with oyle of Camomel So much for the generall cure of wounds and their accidents CHAP. VII Of Sanguine Tumors FIrst Phlegmon is a Tumor begotten of pure blood and is for the most part incident to the fleshy parts the Antecedent cause is abundance of blood In which Tumor are three things considerable first the part that sendeth it either by reason of its plenty strength or streightnesse of passages Secondly the part receiving it either by reason of weaknesse largenesse or opening of the passages or by the lownesse of its scituation Thirdly the part drawing it which it doth either through heat or pain within it The conjoyned cause is much blood
feet of the Crab fish Secondly because it is much like in colour to a Crab and lastly some will have its name to be taken from its sticking quality that it can scarcely be pulled away as the Sea-Crab doth which obstinately sticketh to the place on which it layeth hold The cause is thick and Melancholly juice contained in the part and appeareth with a hard resisting unequall swartish or brown Tumor round about it the veins are swelled and exalted about it there is somtimes suddaine pricking but for the most part it is of dull sense The thicker and blacker the humor is so much the wâ—…se is the effect this disease happeneth to any part of the body but more especially about the face Eares Lips Womens breast who have wanted their naturall purgation and it happens to men who were wont to have Hemorrhoicall purging and have lost it By reason of the thicknesse and stubbornnesse of the humor it is seldom cured but rather turneth to an Ulcerate Cancer Those Cancers only that are upon the extreame parts of the body receive curation but if they are deeply lodged they admitt not of cure a Cancer that is confirmed cannot be cured unlesse it be rooted up by incision or burning Order your Patient as before in respect of diet and prepare and purge the Melancholly humor as before is taught in this case let purges be very gentle and often reiterated Then give medicines which have a faculty to consume and dry up the matter This Electuary of Antonius Montaguana is good Take of the powder of Sea or River Crabs drowned in Milk and dried in an Oven of each four ounces the powder of Frogs Snailes and Hedg-Hogs of each one ounce the rind of Citrons preserved two ounces the shaving of Ivory and the bone of a Stages Heart of each three drachms Xylobalsamum and wood of Aloes Sanders Corall and the powder of Steel prepared of each two drachms the seed of Sorrell and Citrons the powder of Carduus Scordium and Ceterach of each one drachm Amber and Musk of each two graines the conserve of Borrage Buglosse Sorrell and Sowthistles of each two drachms with the simple sirrup of Apples as much as sufficeth make an Electuary the dose is the quantity of a Chesnut three houres before meat Then apply such medicines to the part that may scatter the humor contained and strengthen the part against farther defluxion These simples are very assistant in this case Nightshade Ceterach Agrimony St. Johns wort Clery the juyce of Coriander the flesh of Cocks Snailes River-Crabs Frogs the dung of a man burnt and washed lead oyle of Frogs oyle of sulphur and such like you may make a compound oyntment thus Take of Bolearmenick and Terra Sigillata of each one ounce of Lapis Ealaminaris and washed Ceruse of each half an ounce Tutty and Marchasite prepared of each three drachms the powder of Frogs and Snailes dryed in an Oven of each three drachms Litharge of Gold two drachms oyle of Roses three ounces oyle of Frogs one ounce and halfâ— Vinegar two ounces the white of two Eggs Wax sufficient let them be well beaten in a Leaden Morter and brought into an Unguent Whilst you purge apply such things as principally repell or beat back in the augmentation you must beat back and discusse in the declination discusse only and all the while let the Patient be nourished with Cordialls to defend the Heart Liver and all the principall parts from this so malignant and stubborn Enemy CHAP. XI Os ulcers An Ulcer is a solution of continuity in the flesh containing Sanies and Pus The antecedent causes is Bloud Choler Flegm Melancholy thereto flowing as hath been said of Tumors the joyned cause is distemperature pain tumor contusion or such like stirred up by antecedent causes Of this cemeth matter either good or bad that which is good is of a mean substance between thin and thick white light equal and not stinking that which is bad is thin glewy much in quantity swarrish black pale stinking If the distemperature of the Ulcer be hot it is known by heat redness and relief by cold things In a cold distemperature there is not so much rednesse and it is cased by hot things Whether the distemperature be moist or dry the eye will discover The cure of an Ulcer simply considered must be performed by Medicines which have a digestive mundificative incarnative and cicatricing quality of which sort I have alieady treated in the cure of Wounds I shall onely now briefly treat of the Distempers Adjuncts and Accidents of Ulcers First let the symptome be removed if it be hot consider whether it be with matter or without if with matter whether it be Sanguine or Cholerick If it be a Sanguine Distemper let bloud observe a slender and cooling Diet and Medicines If the matter be Cholerick purge Choller observe a cooling Diet and use cool Medicines If there be a hot distemperature without matter neither purge nor bleed but use cooling Medicines as Unguentum Album Diapompholigos Rubrum Camphora Ex Plumbo and Ex Cerussa and such others Also Rose-Water the Juyce or Water of Nightshade Housleek Plantane and such like If the Distemperature be cold purge Flegme if it abound and use Diet and Medicines which doth heat and dry inwardly Outwardly apply warming Ointments Unguentum de Althea or Unguentum Citrinum wash it with warm wine or the decoction of Wormwood Mint Hysop Calamint Origan Rosemary Peny-royal and such like If the Ulcer be too moist dry it with Unguentun Pompholigos de Plumbo de Cerussa de gratia dei de Calce If it be too dry let his Diet and Medicines be moystening as Basilicon de Pice Diachylon c. Having removed the Distemperature go on gradually to the Cure if the matter be crude digest having digested it mundifie it having so done in carnate it and lastly cicatrise it If a Tumor doth accompany the Ulcer you may from the Chapters asoregoing be able to judge what the Humour is which is the cause thereof You must evacuate it by bloud-letting purging thin and cooling Diet and Medicines The Chapters aforegoing will inform you whether it be drawn thither by the part if self or sent from other parts or from the whole body Nor you need not go any farther nor I trouble my self to prescribe Medicines to repel and discuss the Tumors the aforenamed Chapters being sufficiently furnished A contused Ulcer must be nourished with Medicines moistening and ingendring good matter and the Cure may be performed by the means prescribed for the Cure of a contused Wound If the Ulcer be accompanied with proud flesh it must be taken off by an Incision Knife Cautery or hot Scissers c. or by cotrosive Medicines the gentler sort are Burnt Allum Hermodactyls with Tartar Date Stones burnt Aqua vitae with Sulphur Unguentum Apostolorum Nettle-seed the Flower of Brass Burnt Brass Serpentaria the Root of Asphodels c. Of a stronger
sort are these the Powder of Mercury Unguentum Aegyptiacum or Apostolorum with Natural Verdegrease Of the stronger sort are Quicklime Red Vitriol Burnt Vitriol Mercury sublimate Of these may many Compounds be made which for brevity sake I omit If the Lips of the Ulcer be hard soften it with mollifying Medicines made of the fat of a Goose Hen Duck Lion Bear Calf Oxe or the like the Oyl of Lillies Sweet Almonds Earth-Worms Foxes Unguentum Basilicon Diachilon and Emplastrum de Mucilaginibus If it be so hard that it will not yield to Medicine make use of In cision Cautery or of the aforenamed corrosive Medicines If the Bone be defiled by an Ulcer take it off with a Scaling Instrument or an hot Iron after you have loosed the Scale the first three days apply Oyl of Roses and the White of an Egg warm the next three days the yolk of an Egg and Oyl of Roses after that with Butter and Hony If the Bone lie so deep that you cannot apply your hot Iron inject this Water Take of White Wine one pound and an half the distilled Waters of Plantane and Roses of each one pound Mercury sublimate three drachms Bolearmenick half an ounce Burnt Allum one ounce and an half white Vitriol and Borax of each half an ounce White Sugar two ounces Maslick Sarcocol of eath one ounce and an half Powder what is to be powdered boil it to the consumption of half then filter it and add of the best Aqua Vitae one pound and reserve it to your use It is good also to lay this following Powder to the putrified Bone Take of round Birthwort and the Bark of the Pine-tree of each three drachms of the Root of Hegs Fennel and Reeds of each two drachms of Agarick and Tartar of each one drachm and an half Eupborbium one drachm make a Powder lay it upon the putrified Bone or mixe it with Honey or Aegyptiacum or such like If Worms breed in the Ulcer take away the humidity and putrefaction whereof they are ingendred kill the Worms with the Juyces or Decoction of Wornewood Centory Eupatorium Wormwood and such like bitter Hearbs So much for the general cure of Ulcers CHAP. XII Rules for Vomiting and Purging THE first thing herein confiderable is the matter offending what part of the body is afflicted and which is the best way to evacuate the peccant humour The matter offending is either Flegm Water Choller or Melancholy Purging Simples work gently or strongly those that work gently onely are to be given to weak Bodies the strongest to stronger persons Be well advised of the offending humour before you purge least instead of helping you weaken Nature Before you take a purge let the Humours be prepared by some Medicines proper for the purpose especially if Flegm or Melancholy be the humour you would purge Prepare the body before with Medicines that are attenuating and cutting and let your Purge be made up with it The next Book will furnish you with variety of altering and preparing Medicines It is a matter of consequence to consider what part of the body is afflicted and to form your Purges accordingly If the remote parts of the body be afflicted as the Head Arms Feet and the like let your Purge be made up into a hard form as Pills that by their long stay in the body they may be the better able to draw the humours from those parts If the oftending humour lye in the Bowels or adjacent parts use liquid Medicines and in all these look not upon the multitude of Ejections but of the matter ejected If the humours lye in the Tunicle of the Stomach a Vomit is necessary and in many cases more it is a good Revulsion but take them not without advice from an able Physitian If the Purge work not at all give warm Broath and Posset Drink and if the Purge were strong give a Clister If it work too stronâ—ly which is worse give such things as make the Bowels slippery for Ejection as the Oyl of Almonds which is good if the mouths of the Veins be opened or if there happen excoriation for the same purpose Quince-seeds and Mallows boiled in milk is good and Gum Traganth dissolved in water or Milk the Syrup or Marinalade of Quinces have the like virtue If Vomiting hold too long give a draught of Milk with a little Mastich therein and lay to the Stomach Emplastrum è Crusta Panss If either Vomit or Purge work too churlishly some give a Pill of Laudanum and with good success Anoint the Stomach and Belly with Oyl of Roscs and lay on it the Powder of Mastich of Galls and Red-Roso leaves Chymical Medicines if they be rightly prepared and administred with care and judgment are the best for they stay but a little while in the body and do not bind afterwards because the Terrene part is taken away If the Humour be tough it is not easily carryed away therefore in such cases purge gently and often The Dose ought to be regulated by an able Brain In the next Book I shall give you the Faculties and Dose of most of the Medicines in use amongst us For the Times and Seasons of purging in respect of the motion of the Moon and Stars I have given you a few general Rules at the latter end of my Almanack for the Year 1659. to which I refer you An end of the Third Book BOOK IV. IN this I shall shew you the Faculty and Natural Operation of most of the compound Medicines now in use amongst us and sold by the Apothecary together with a general Rule for the making of all such kind of Medicines Those that desire a more particular Description of their Ingredients or Compositions let them peruse the Dispensatory made by the Colledge of Physitians of London If they cannot understand the Latine Tongue let them make use of the Translation thereof by Mr. Culpeper it being unbefitting for this Volumne Be pleased therefore to accept of their Faculties and Doses from the least to the greatest which must be regulated with judgment and discretion according to the age or strength of the Patient the Season of the Year and the nature of the Distemper CHAP. I. Of Distilled Waters COld or simple Distilled Waters are drawn out of Hearbs Flowers Fruits and Roots all which ought to be distilled when they are in their greatest vigour and ought to be gathered in a dry day about Noon The common way is to distil them in a Peuter Still the Water thus distilled is of all Medicines the weakest yet is of use in mixing them with other Medicines that they may be the better taken To avoid burning put fifted Ashes under the Vessel which holds the Hearbs and give a gentle fire But to make the Water have more smell and vertue of the Hearbs do thus Take what green Hearb and Roots or Flowers fresh gathered if you please bruise them and mix with them some Leaven and let them stand close
It is good against the Falling sickness Megrim Vertigo swimming and pain in the head and cleanseth the Stomach Lungs and Women after their lying in The Dose is from half an Ounce to an Ounce To these I add these following Syrups of Quercetanus which I have sometimes quoted in the former Book whose manner of preparation if rightly understood and virtues excelleth most extant Syrupus de Peto simplex compositus Syrup of Tobacco simple and compound Take of the Juyce of Tobacco four pound Simple Hydromel one pound Simple Oxymel four Ounces put them into a Glass Vessel of a fit bigness that one 4th part be full Let them digest in Balneo Mariae for the spaco of 2 or 3 days till the thickest fall to the bottome then pour of the clearest and purest of the Juyce and digest it again as before till no impurity remain therein then put to it of white Sugar two pound and boyl it to a Syrup The compound Syrup is thus made Take of the Juyce so digested as before two pound and an half Simple Hydromel one pound In which macerate for the space of 2 or 3 days these Simples following Hysop Maidenhair and Wall-Rue of each half a handful the flowers of Colts foot Staechas Violets and Bugloss of each two Pugils the seeds of Cudweed Nettles Carduus Benedictus of each one Ounce the Leaves of Sena three Ounces Agarick trochiscated one Ounce Cinamon Mace and Cloves of each one drachm then press it out strongly and let it be digestod to separate the pure from the impure add its equal weight in Sugar and boyl it to a Syrup This Syrup rightly made is of excellent use and its violent acrimonious and venemous quality is taken away yet it powerfully provokes Vomiting and is excellent against Asthma's and all Diseases of the Lungs proceeding from cold and gross Humours as old Coughs and difficulty of breathing The Dose is from one Ounce to two His Syrup of Cinamon prepared with the Spirit of Wine is thus made Take of Cinamon 2 or three Ounces or more if you please grosly bruise it and put it into a Glass Vessel pouring upon it the Spirit of Wine as much as may cover it 3 or 4 fingers cover it close and let it stand in a cool place till the Spirit of Wine hath drawn the Virtue and Tincture of the Cinamon then pour it off clear To every 8 Ounces of the Liquor add 3 or 4 Ounces of white Sugar finely poudered then put it over a fire and dissolve the Sugar then set the Spirit of Wine on fire with a lighted paper stirring it with a large Spatula and all the Spirits of Wine will fly away and the Syrup remain Or if you please a little before the spirit is consumed put it out by covering it close with a silver Bason that the Air come not at it by this means the Syrup will be the better This Syrup is of a grateful relish and a Medicine inferiour to none in Diseases of the Heart as Palpitations Swoonings c. against Weaknesse Crudities Windinesse of the Stomach The Dose is half a Cochleary His Syrup of Ground-Ivie is thus made Take of the Juyce of Ground-Ivie or Alle-hoof two pound and an half digest and purifie it in Balneo Mariae as you are taught before the Juyce being perfectly cleansed add to it of Sugar one pound of Penids 4 Ounces and boyl it into a Syrup It is a very soveraign Medicine for the Prisick Ulcer in the Lungs and for a Consumption caused by any defect in that part CHAP. III. Of Decoctions and Juyces DEcoctions are made of Roots Leaves Flowers Seeds Fruits or Barks conducing to the Cure of any Disease Decoctions principally aim at such Diseases as lye in the passages as the Stomach Bowels Kidneys Ureters and Bladder If they be made of White Wine they will last the longer and are more penetrating then if they be made of Water If you make your Decoction with Roots Leaves Flowers c. Boil the Roots first as I told you in boyling of Compound Liquors Such things as make the decoction slimy you may tye up in a Rag. You may sweeten it with Sugar Honey Sugar-Candy or Syrups sutable to the Distemper aimed at and to make it keep the longer stop it up close in a Glass or Stone-Bottle and keep it in a cool place Decoctum Epithymi Or a Decoction of Epithymum Take of common Myrabolans Chebula and Indica of each half an Ounce Staechas Raisins of the Sun stoned Epithimum and Sena of each one Ounce Fumitory half an Ounce Maudlin five drachms Polypodium fixe drachms Turbith half an Ounce Whey made of the milk of a Geat or Heifer four pound Let them all boyl the Epithymum excepted to two pound the Epithymum must boyle but a walm or two then take it from the fire and add black Hellebore one drachm and an half Agarick half a drachm Salgemone a drachin and an half steep them ten hours and straine it out It purgeth Melancholly and adust choller and is a soveraign remedy against all diseases caused by Melancholly The dose is four ounces Decoctum Sennae The Detoction of Senna This also purgeth melancholly and is good for weak people and the dose is the same with the former for the most part other purging medicines are mixed with it and in so doing you may purge any humor Decoctum pectorale A pectorall Decoction This is good against a Cough Asthma Hoarsenesse it cleareth the voice and is good against all diseases of the Lungs The dose is the same Decoctum commune pro Clystere A common decoction for a Clyster and a carminative Decoction These both serve for Clysters to them you may add Oyles Syrups purging Electuaries as necessity requireth Lac virgineum It was invented for proud Ladyes and Wenches to cleare their faces of Sun-burning Freckles Pimples and such like deformityes To preserve the juyce of any hearb or fruit take these few rules First gather the hearb when it is very dry then beat it and presse out the juyce Secondly you must clarifie It over the fire till no more scum will arise Thirdly boyle it to the thicknesse of hony and when it is cold put it up into a pot or glasse for your use This is called Rob or Sapa when you find the word Rob or Sapa simply without any relation of what it should be made know it is the juyce of the white grape I shall insert none of them nor their virtues but refer them to the virtue of the simple out of which Rob Sapa or juyce is extracted CHAP. IV. Of Lohochs LOhoch is an Arabick word the Greeks call it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Eclegma the Latines Linctas viz a thing to be licked It is thicker then a syrup and not so thick as an Electuary It s used generally against diseases in the breast and Lungs and the manner of taking of it is with a Liquoris stick The manner of