thing be voided either naturally or by art it is for the most part windy and like Cow-dung with water at the top because it is most Flegm which useth to be so Somtimes the Belly is so bound that in the heigth of Pain Purging Medicines that are very strong will not work The Signs of the Causes are thus to be distinguished If the Pain come of Flegm it is not so great unless it be mixed with wind which cannot get forth of the places wherein it is contained for then the pain is very great somtimes in one part as if it were bored through with a wimble or stick somtimes in many if the wind do remove the Patient is better for hot and worse for cold things He used a Diet formerly which bred flegm his water is somtimes more crude and white not alwaies which deceiveth yong unexperienced Physitians and somtimes in a flegmatick and flatulent Chollick the Urine will be yellow and reddish by reason of the extraordinary pain which doth inflame the Spâ—riâ—s and Humors contained in the Veins and Arteries Which Avicen wisely observed Fen. 13. Lib. 3. Tract 3. Cap. 11. Let no man be deceived saith he to think by the foulness inflamation and redness of the Vrine that therefore the Disease is hot for that is common to all Vrines If the Chollick proceed of wind there will be a stretching pain and a swelling of the Belly the Patient perceiveth a rumbling of the Belly and much wind and he is better when he breaketh it he used a Diet to breed it as unreasonable drinking of cold water often use of Pease Rapes Chesnuts Sallets Fruits and the like And if the wind be contained in the Cavity of the Guts the pain is movable not in one place and is somtimes greater But if it be in the â—oats and Tunicles of the Guts the pain is fixed because the wind cannot move and it is constant because it cannot get forth If the Chollick come from a sharp and Chollerick Humor it is most grievous pulling and pricking there is heat thirst and often a Feaver the Urine is very Chollerick It is worse for hot Meats and Medicines and better for cold By sending forth of Choller the disease is diminished and there went before a Diet breeding Choller The pains of other parts under the Navil are easily distinguished from the Chollick by their proper signs except the Stone whose signs are so like with those of the Chollick that very skilful Physitians have been deceived by them As Galen himself was as he confesseth 2. de loc aff cap. 5. when he was troubled with the Chollick he thought that he had the Nephritis and that a stone was fastened in one of the Ureters till the Humor was purged away and the pain ceased after which he found it to be the Chollick But by these following signs these two Diseases may be plainly distinguished if they be well observed First The Nephritis or pain of the stone is fixed in the Reins and comes from thence to the Testicles according to the length of the Ureter But the Chollick is movable and girts about the middle of the Belly like a girdle Secondly The Chollick encreaseth after Meat by reason of the compression of the Intestines from the full Belly but the Nephritis encreaseth not but rather decreaseth because some of the Nourishment is carried to the Reins which doth somthing asswage the pain Thirdly In the Chollick the vomiting is more vehement and the Body is more bound because the Colon lieth in the bottom of the Stomach and the Intestines being stretched or much provoked do constringe themselves that they may expel what is noxious But both the Symptomes are common to both Diseases so that you can hardly know their intension and remission because a strong Nephritick pain may cause a greater vomiting and astriction of the Belly then a weak Chollick Fourthly In a Chollick there is more ease found after Evacuation than in a Nephritis Fifthly In a Nephritis or the stone the Urine â—sâ—first clear and thin afterwards there is a sediment and at length sand and little stones are voided But in the Chollick the Urine is thick from the beginning As to the Prognostick The Chollick for the most part if it be gentle and little and not long nor in one place constantly but intermitting and not binding the Belly is curable and without danger But if the pain is very great and fixed in one place not intermitting and if the Belly be bound that nothing can get forth with great watchings and if vomiting follow hiccoughs doting and coldness of extream parts with cold sweats it is deadly A stubborn Chollick coming of sharp and Chollerick Matter degenerateth into other grievous Diseases as Arthritis Epilepsie or Paralysis which is most usual An Epidemical Chollick which is contagious and pestilent is commonly deadly The Cure of this Diseale is divers according to the variety of the Causes And first there is the same Cure of a flatulent and pituitous Chollick which begins with an Emollient Clyster after which followeth one Carminative and discussing as was prescribed in the Dolor Ventriculi from the like Cause which must be repeated twice thrice or four times in a day till the pain be gone and if he go not to stool in one or two Clysters as somtimes happeneth you must give a sharp Suppository In one of the aforesaid Clysters you may do well to ad four ounces of the Aqua Benedicta Rulandi Or two or three drams of Coloquintida boyled in an Emollient and Carminative Decoction If Clysters will not give ease you must not stay too long upon them but use some gentle Medicine It hath been observed that when a sick man had taken three Clysters without benefit that another Physitian came and gave but one ounce and an half of Manna with two ounces of the Oyl of sweet Almonds in the fat Broth of a Hen and cured the Patient But in a pain that comes from grofs flegm you must give stronger Medicines Afterwards Fomentations Oyntments Baths Emplaisters and the like are good which were declared in the Cure of the Dolor Ventriculi of the same Cause to which you may ad some specifical things which are fit for this Disease Wash the Guts of a Wolf in white Wine then dry them in an Oven in an Earthen pot till they may be poundered Let the Patient take a dram thereof in white Wine and he will be presently cured Boyl fair Water and ad to it the fourth part of Oyl and some gross Pepper let him take three or four spoonfuls as hot as he can endure it and the pain will be instantly gone Take of the best Aloes one dram Laudanum four grains Diagridium six grains Mix them and make six Pills gilded Let him take them at a convenient time They take away the pain aster one hour and then purge out the noxious humor Instead of these you may give Diaphoenicon and Philonium Romanum as is
filled with wind by the fire Paraeus also propounds another unusual Medicine by which he boasteth that he cured many at deaths door namely by drinking three pound of Quick-silver in Water alone for with its weight it doth untie the Gut and open and sends down the hard excrements which Remedy is commended by others who say that it may be taken without harm But we may wel fear so great a quantity lest it extinguish the Native heat with its coldness and coagulate the Blood in the Veins therefore in a desperate case it is better to give a less quantity Some give two ounces in a rear Egg and think good to repeat it if the first Dose do not succeed well but you may see in our Observations that one ounce hath done well But when the Illiack Passion comes from the Guts falling into the Cods all the care is to place them right which must be done by the gentle hand of a Chirurgion long fomenting the part affected first with an Emollient Decoction and Relaxing Oyls giving often Emollient and Carminative Glysters so placing the Patient that his Head be low and his Thighs high for some having been hung by the Heels were quickly cured If the Hernia comes with Inflamation of the Intestine it is cured with a fomentation of cold water If wind stretch the Gut discuss with a Fomentation of Spirit of Wine See the examples of both Cures in our Observations Chap. 3. Of Astriction or binding of the Belly BY Astriction of the Belly we do not understand all kind of supression by which nothing is â—et forth downwards as in the Ileos But only a dull and slow dejection by which the faeces and reliques of Meat are seldom and not according to the quantity of Food thrown forth therefore they are necessarily indurated because of their long continuance being dried with heat and some moisture is alwaies drawn from them by the Meseraick which reach not only to the thin but thick Guts It is a Symptome of the Expulsive faculty diminished or the retentive encreased and it is the cause of many diseases therfore the Excreta and Retenta are reckoned among the six things not Natural which not keeping the Law of Nature produce divers Diseases so it being bound sends vapors to the Head and produceth Catarrhs and other Diseases of the Brain disturbs the Concoction of the Stomach and the actions of other parts The Causes of this Symptome are many And first hardness of the faeces and driness are not only Effects but also Causes of them because being hard they are more difficult to be voided and do less provoke the expulsive Faculty They become dryer and harder chiefly and oftenest from the excessive heat of the Liver which powerfully draws away all the moisture contained in the Intestines and leaves the faeces dry This is also caused by violent motion especially riding also by few Excrements through want of food or because they have no actimony to prick the Intestines as it happens in cold Meats and when the Choller doth not go to the Guts as we observe in the Jaundice And lastly Many diseases of the Guts may cause this constriction as a cold and dry Distemper Tumors Obstructions Numbness of the Anus and Palsey and many others The Signs depend upon the knowledg of the Causes which must be taken from their proper Fountains The hot distemper of the Liver is to be taken out of its proper Chapter Also Tumors and other Diseases of the Guts have their proper Diagnosis or signs and so the external Causes as little Meat or coldness thereof riding and the like are known by relation of the Patient As for the Prognostick The Constriction of the Belly is more or less dangerous according as the Cause is greater oâ—less For if it come of Inflamation or other Tumor of the Intestines it is very dangerous but from other Causes less It useth to be contumacious and long when it comes from the faeces indurate and thence come often Chollicks which return after they have been cured by reason of the new dryness of the faeces as also because though the Belly seems to have been made sufficiently soluble by purging and many liquid Excrements are discharged yet there remains somtimes many hard Excrements in the Guts which breed new pains and cannot be taken out but by many Clysters given after Purging The Cure of this Disease depends upon taking away the Causes which are to be taken from their proper Chapters But because it is commonly long especially when it depends upon a hot distemper of the Liver and dryness of the Guts and in the mean time the Belly bound brings many inconveniences We will speak of its Cure by its self which is generally done by Emollients and Laxatives made thus Take of Althaea or Marsh-mallow and Lilly Roots of each two ounces Mallows Marsh-mallows Mercury Violets and Brank Vrsine of each one handful Lin-seed and Foenugreek of each half an ounce Annis seed one dram and an half sweet Prunes three pair Chamomel and Meltlot flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Oyl of Lillies and Lin-seed of each two ounces fresh Butter one ounce and an half Diacatholicon and Diaprunis simple of each six drams Make a Clyster to be given as often as need requireth Somtimes instead of this use the following Take of the Decoâ—tion of Sheeps entrals one pint fresh Butter two ounces Cassia Diacatholicon and Diaprunis simple of each half an ounce red Sugar one ounce Make a Clyster Also twice in a month or thrice you may give one pint of common Oyl alone for a Clyster And because Nature will grow dull by too much use of Clysters and at length will never officiate that way but when she is provoked by one you must endeavor to mollifie the Belly with other means For this end sweet Prunes and roasted Apples with Sugar may be taken one hour before dinner as Galen sheweth 2. defacult alim cap. 31. For if they be taken immediately before dinner they will not work Or take Chicken Broth or other Broth in which have been bovled beets Borrage and some Apples or one spoonful of Oyl of sweet Almonds newly drawn without fire with as much Syrup of Maiden-hair or two spoonfuls of this Syrup following Take of the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds and of Quinces drawn with Mallows Water one pound and an half white Sugar one pound Make a Syrup according to art That the Prunes may work better let him drink half a glass of Vinum Lymphatum or Wine and Water before and after he taketh them fresh Butter taken an hour before Dinner the bigness of a great â—ut and drink Wine and Water will do the same thing Once in a week let him use one of these following Medicines Take of Cassia new drawn one ounce Cream of Tartar one dram Make a Bolus Take of 〈◊〉 one ounce or an ounce and an half Mix
Gradi who relates the same thing to have befallen his own wife And other Examples taken out of Dodonaeus Thadaeus Dunus and other VVriters do testifie the like Cases and we see the same often in the course of our Practice Whereunto may be added a History which we shall in the Cure relate out of Solenander of a woman who by means of a Fumigation made of Nutmegs let wind fly out of her Womb which gave a report like a Pistol And Examples of Water contained in the Womb are propounded by the said Sennertus out of Rhasis who saw a woman out of whose Womb there flowed twenty five Cotila's of water which is a Measure not used with us containing about half an Ale Pint. Also out of Jacobus de Partibus and Dodonaeus who relate such a like Story And Vesalius Dissected or Anatomized a woman in the hollowness of whose womb were found above sixty Ausburg Measures of water each Measure containing three pints and the mouth of her womb was grown to a wonderful hardness And that water is somtimes contained in the womb in bladders many Authors do testifie who have seen examples thereof in some women who voided such bladders ful of water from their wombs among the rest Aetius Valeriola Christopherus a Vega Mercatus Platerus and Fabricius Hildanus Somtimes also women with Child have a Dropsie at the same time in their wombs as Fabricius Hildanus relates of his own wife whose Belly was swelled to a monstrous greatness and at the time of her delivery she voided first of all eighteen pints of water and half an hour after nine pints more and at last she was delivered of a Boy strong and healthy The like case we find in Skenkius but with a contrary event concerning a woman who being delivered of a living Child continued stil big-bellied and her belly growing stil greater and greater she died of it and her womb being opened a great quantity of water was found therein Finally Fernelius hath an Example in the sixth Book of Diseases Chap. 15. of water retained in the womb only by reason of the close shutting of the mouth of the womb without any other fault therein The story is of a woman that had a Dropsie in her womb who as often as she had her monthly Purgations voided al her watry Excrements out of her womb filling six or eight Basons with a very hot yellowish water til the swelling of her belly was wholly abated The next month the like redundancy of watry Excrements being collected was in like manner evacuated The immediate Cause of the windy and watry Swelling of the womb is the weakness of Natural heat residing in the Liver or Spleen and from those parts wind flegm or wheyish humors are transmitted into the womb or the weakness is in the womb it self whereby the said Excrements are therein collected and heaped together And the Causes which weaken Natural heat either directly or by accident are very many and the chief are of those things which are collected by Physitians Res non Naturales things not Natural So cold air especially after Child-birth heedlessly received into the womb is a most effectual cause of this infirmity Also cold Air unseasonably received when the Courses flow and going frequently into cold water or padling in the same especially during the said flux is a cause thereof So is much use of cold Meats or windy as fruits Herbs Beans and Pease and likewise of Vinegar Cold water plentifully and unseasonably drunk down long and deep sleep painful childing and abortion especially if it often happen immoderate flux of the Courses exhausting the Natural heat or their suppression choaking the same Add to these the proper Diseases of the womb as swellings ulcers and such like which do resolve the heat of the part or else shut the mouth of the womb and hinder the egress of Menstrual blood and excrementitious humors In the Discovery of this Disease many things are to be considered First How this particular Dropsie of the womb may be known and distinguished from that of the whol Body Secondly How the several sorts of this Womb-Dropsie may be discerned as whether it come from wind from wheyish Humors or from flegm Thirdly Whether it proceed primarily from some infirmity of the womb or by fault of some other parts of the Body Fourthly Whether the Matter offending be contained in the Cavity of the womb or between its Membranes or in certain Bladders Fifthly How to distinguish it from other Tumors of the womb Sixthly How from being great with Child Seventhly How it may be known from a Mole As for the First Question It is distinguished from an Universal Dropsie of the Belly in that the Womb-Dropsie swels chiefly the lower part of the Belly whereas the universal Dropsie distends equally the whol Belly in all the parts thereof Again In the Womb-Dropsie paleness and falling away of the flesh of the whol body are not so soon discerned as in the universal Dropsie in which also for the most part there is evident thirst and driness of the tongue which are not found in the womb-Dropsie in which al other Symptomes are likewise far more gentle than is usual in the universal Dropsie In a word In the Womb-dropsie some wind breaks out of the womb by fits or a little water comes away which evidently declare that wind or water are contained in the womb To the second Question we Answer thus That the sorts of Womb-Dropsies may be known from one another after this manner If it arise from wind the lower part of the belly being struck gives a sound the belly is afflicted with pricking paines which reach somtimes as far as the Midrif Stomach Loyns and other parts somtimes wind breakes evidently out of the neck of the Womb. Likewise women often feel their Wombs riseing like a Globe towards their stomachs Somtimes their breath is short and the sick woman when she awakes out of sleep oftentimes is much troubled to fetch her wind After all meat and drink whatever they are worse They often belch and their belchings give them ease They are oft troubled with Womb fits or suffocation of the Mother Somtimes they are pained below the navel so as they cannot endure to be touched Those Signes do also appear in the Inflation or Blowing up of the Womb with wind which differs from this Disease as was said before only in this that the Inflation is of less durance but a Dropsie of wind continues a far longer time But if the Wombs Dropsie arise from a wheyish Humor the Region thereof appeares soft and flaggy whereas wind stretches it stif there is a greater heaviness in the part and a noyse as of water flowing this way and that way some water now and then drops from the Privity And finally if it arise from flegm the softness and flagginess of the part will be yet greater and encrease daily more and more and the bordering parts as all under the
Navel the Privy parts the space between the Privity Fundament with the Loynes will be seen to swell with a Phlematick kind of Swelling To the Third Question we answer thus If there be apparent tokens of the whol Bodies being misaffected as by acute or long feavers immoderate fluxes of blood grievous distillations from the Head Weaknesses of the stomach swellings of the Spleen or Liver and other stubborn Diseases of those parts with which the Wombes Dropsie began encreasing as they encreased it will be more than an even lay that the Womb receives the matter of it's Dropsie from those parts by way of a flux of Rhewm But if this Womb-swelling happen when the whol Body is in good health and do succeed particular diseases of the Womb such as are hard Travels in Child-birth Suppressions of the monthly courses or over great flux thereof Ulcers Chollerick or Melancholick or hard Tumors we may conjecture that the Wombes-Dropsie doth depend upon those particular dispositions and that the matter causing the said Tumor is gathered together in the Womb it self by means of its inability perfectly to digest and assimilate its nutriments To the fourth Question we may Answer by saying That the Matter which is contained in the cavity of the Womb doth make a much larger Swelling than when it is contained in bladders Again when it proceeds from a wheyish humor a greater fluctuation of the water is perceived than when it is contained in bladders And if so be little bladders full of water be voided out of the Womb it 's a most certaine sign that the Humour is contained in the little bladders To the first Question we must Answer that the Wombs-Dropsie is Differenced from Tumors of blood or Choller arising in the Womb because in such Tumors or Swellings there is a feaver and a pain which is encreased by the least touch also the Inflamation reaching even to the parts of Generation And it is distinguished from Scirrhous and Cancerous Swellings because in it there is no such great Hardness which can resist the impression of the Finger but it rather gives way and pitts To the Sixth Quaere wee say When a woman is big with Child the Swelling is not so even and depressed but it is sharp buncheth out and seems greater about the navel than elswhere Secondly In Greatness with Child after some months women are for the most part somwhat better than they were because the Child grown big consumes the greater part of those humors which in the first months were burdensome But the Dropsie the further it proceeds the worse it growes Thirdly In greatness with Child the child is manifestly perceived to stir after the third or fourth month which is not in the VVomb-Dropsie Yet it falls out somtimes that when the Dropsie is caused by wind a certain Palpitation is preceived in the VVomb but it is easily distinguished from the moving of a Child which is more even and is wont to be perceived in divers parts of the Belly Fourthly In Greatness of Child the womans Duggs swell but in the Dropsie they are extenuated and become smaller To the seventh Quaere we Answer that in a Mole women find a kind of Heaviness in their VVombs which they feel not in the VVomb-Dropsie and when they lie on the one of their sides they perceive the weight to roul like a stone to that side Again in the Mole violent flux of Courses comes by fits namely every third or fourth month which happens not in the VVomb-Dropsie Lastly in case of a Mole the Duggs swell and somtimes have milk in the VVomb-Dropsie quite Contrary As touching the Prognosticks of this Disease A simple Inflation or puffing up of the womb with wind because it lasts not is without danger Yet if not quickly cured it may grow to a true Dropsie A Womb-Dropsie caused by a good conditioned Humor void of putrefaction is wont to proue a long Disease yet may it in process of time be cured yea somtimes the water flows of its own accord out of the womb and the Patient recovers her health But if the Humor be malignant sharp or putrid which is known by the grievous Symptomes following the Disease is dangerous and for the most part deadly For if the Disease depend upon some private Disease of the Womb it betokens a perfect ruine of the natural Functions of that part whence follows at last an universal Dropsie of the whol Body But if the Womb suffer by consent of other parts viz. of the Liver Spleen or Stomach the Mischief wil be the greater and ruine is thereby threatned to the whol Body Hence it was well said of Aetius Such as is a womans womb such for the most part is the rest of her body If wind or water be contained in the Cavity of the womb it is more easily cured than if it be shut within little skins or bladders The Cure of this Disease is performed almost by the same Remedies which have been propounded to cure the Dropsie and Green-sickness Whereunto some things more properly belonging to this disease must be added And in the first place concerning Blood-letting In the Disease being new proceeding from a suppression of the Courses and from some Plenitude still appearing blood-letting may be convenient otherwise it wil hurt seeing natural heat is exceedingly weakened and diminished and stubborn Obstructions caused by a cold Humor do cause fear of an Universal Dropsie But Purging is altogether necessary and must be often reiterated as we ordered in the forenamed Diseases After sufficient Purgation Openers Diureticks and such things as move the Courses are to be given such as are described in the places aforesaid Unto which these following may be added Take Roots of Smallage and of Madder of each half an ounce the Leaves of Savin Feaverfew Penyroyal of each one pugil Carrots seeds one dram Boyl all in the Broth of a yong Pidgeon and let her drink the strained Liquor divers daies together Before she drink of the Broth let her swallow one of the following Pills Take of the best Castoreum Mirrh Madder of each half a dram Saffron twenty grains With Juyce of Lemmons make all into nine Pills After which Medicaments the Patient must exercise her self stoutly by which means not only the Excrements bred in the Bowels and the whol compass of the Body may by assistance of Heat be dissipated but all which is contained in the womb may be voided out the bladders being broken by violence of the Exercise If the woman do easily vomit somthing may be profitably given her twice in a week to that end by which means not only the Humors which were wont to flow unto the womb will be recalled and brought forth but the foresaid bladders sticking in the womb and somtime containing a watry Humor happily may be broken by the vehement motion and agitation whereupon the Humor offending wil be voided To discuss the said Humor contained in the womb the following
Extenuating making thin Expulsive faculty the power of our body which drives forth Dung Urine Sweat Vapors c. every part partakes of this Ability or Faculty Eminent neer at hand approaching Erysipelas a swelling caused by choller Erysipelas Phlegmonodes or Phlegmon Erysipelatodes Is a swelling caused by Inflamation of Choller and Blood Emulsions Almond milkes and milkes made of cool Seeds c. Electuaries Medicines made up of Conserves of Flowers or Herbs to which is added some sweet Spicy pouder for the most part and so with Syrup it is made up in the form of Mithridate or Treacle Epithemes are Medicines applyed in Bags commonly upon the Heart or Stomach Liver or Spleen c. Certain convenient pouders being put in a Bag or between two cloths and so wet in Wine or other convenient Liquor are laid upon the Stomach Heart c. Essential to the Disease that is of the being or substance so that without that the disease could not be So Heat is Essential to a Feaver Excrements dregs and refuse of our meat and drink after Concoction voided by dung Urine Sweat and invisibly through the Pores Excrementitious of or belonging to Excrements impure preternatural humors are so called Extenuate make thin Expressed Squeezed out Epidemical common to a whol Nation So the the Plague small Pocks Loosness Sweating-sickness c. when they are rise all over a Nation or Country at one time they are called Epidemical diseases Ehxir Proprietatis A Medicine invented by Paracelsus Take of the best Aloes Myrrh Saffron of each half an ounce Pouder them and put them into a Glass Then take Muscadine made tart with Oyl of Sulphur and pour upon the pouder til the liquor stand four fingers above the pouder Let them stand and digest in a warm place Then pour off the Liquor and put on more till all the Colour and vertue be drawn out from the pouder At last still the settlings with a gentle fire and pour that which comes away to the former Liquor and let all stand and digest a Month in a warm place close stopped The name signifies such a Quintessence as hath a special propriety of agreement with Mans nature whereby it comforts and restores the same in al kind of weakness Emollient Medicines that soften Eroded eaten a sunder eaten up Extraction pulling out Exquisite perfect in an high degree Escharoticks see Causticks potential Embrochated moistened bedewed bathed Erosion fretting eating Eclegma See Lambitive Extream parts the Armes and Legs Emplastick diet consists of such meats as are of a clammy substance viz. Calves Head and Feet Sheeps-trotters all Feet of Beasts Tripes Gellys c. Excreta and Retenta things voided out of the Body things retained or kept in Eradicate pluck up by the Roots Exasperated pained vexed molested Equivocal Signs of a Disease are such as are common to it and other Diseases The Efficient Cause is the working or making Cause so a Tailor is the Efficient of a Garment The Material Cause is the stuff a thing is made of which the Efficient works upon So the Cloth or Silk is the Material Cause of the Garment The formal Cause the shape that makes it a Coat or Cloak or Doublet the Final Cause is the end why it was made viz. to hide nakedness keep off Sun and Cold and to adorn the body Emulgent Veins which bring the Wheyish Excrement of the blood unto the Kidneyes where it becomes Urine and is passed by the Urecers into the Piss-bladder Evaporation a steeming out of Vapors Egress coming forth Evaporated steemed away as Water that spends away in boiling Evacuators Medicines which empty out evil Humors either by vomit Purge c. Exhalations Vapors drawn up by the Sun out of the Earth and Waters Eventilated Fanned purged as Corn by fanning So Exercise is said to eventilate or fan the Body because the motion opens the Pores and drives many vapors out Eneorema that which hangs like a cloud in Urines especially when the Disease is breaking away Emollient Decoction a softening moistening Decoction made for Clysters to soften and moisten the hardened Excrements of the Guts An Eschara or Eschar is the Core that falls off from a part that hath had a Caustick applied thereto F FVmigations Perfumes and others things burnt to qualifie the Air in a sick mans chamber Fracture breaking as fracture of the Skul or Arm c. Fomentation when linnen Cloaths or Spunges are dipped in some Liquor and applied to the diseased part and after renewed Functions of the Brain the Abilities of the Brain to Hear See Imagine Understand Remember c. Frictions Rubbings Furor Vterinus Womb-Madness when Women are mad by reason of a disorder in the Womb. See the Chapter of that Disease A Flux of Humors flowing of Humors Febris Catarrhalis a Feaver caused by Rheum falling from the Head Fabrick Frame making up composition Frontal Vein Fore-head Vein Fortified strengthened Fistula an hollow deep but narrow Ulcer that will not be closed up A pair of Forceps a smal Instrument like a pair of Tongs to draw forth any thing out of the Ears c. Fluid apt to run and flow like Water and other Liquors Filtration straining through a brown Paper or by means of a piece of cloth hanging out of one Vessel into another Filter to strain as aforesaid Fermentation the working of Humors as new drink works in the Barcel A Feaver Symptomatical is a Feaver caused by some other foregoing Disease in respect of which Disease the Feaver is but a Symptom or Accident A Flatulent and Pituitous Chollick is a Chollick caused by wind and flegm Formicans Pulsus a weak feeble quick Pulse that seels under the Fingers like creeping Pismires from whence it is named Form See Efficient Cause Fluxive apt to flow and run like Water and other Liquors Friable is crumbly short like costly Cake-bread Pie-crust Puf-past c. So Fishes that have a short crumbly substance not clammy or slimy such as Soals Smelts Trouts are said to be friable in comparison of Eels Carps Tenches c. G GVm Animi Indian Amber Gargarisms that is Medicines to Gargle in the Throat to wash sore Throats de Gutteta a Pouder used in Falling-sickness and Convulsion of Children by the French It is described page 33. at the bottom Going about by fits Generating breeding begetting Glandules Kernels such as are about the Throat aâ—d are called the Almonds of the Ears and such as the Sweet-bread c. Gate-Vein Vena Porta See Veslingus Anatomy in English Generous Wine strong Wine as rich Canary Muskadine c. Glutinations Clamminess like Gum about the corners of the Eyes Glutinators things which glue and close up broken Veins c. Glutinous clammy like Glue A Gangrene is a corruption of a part tending to the utter deading thereof H HYpochondria the parts beneath the Ribs Hemiplegia the Palsey possessing one side Hydrelaeum a Bath and Oyntment that is of Water and Oyl beaten together Hippocras
of Palpitation of trembling and shaking chap. 8. and his third Book of Parts affected chap. 6. and his second Book of the Causes of Symptomes chap. 2. and his Comment upon Aphor. 39. Sect. 6. For saith he while the strings are moist and filled with humor as it falls out when the wind is Southernly they are stretched and so broken and when they are over dry as it happens in Northern weather they are contracted and also broken So the Reins of a Bridle drying too neer the fire are contracted when they were before extended with too much moisture the same befals the Nerves which being either too full of moisture or too dry are stretched and contracted and the Muscles into which they are united are so drawn back to their principal or original from whence all the Body hath a Convulsion The Mediate Causes of a Convulsion which make Repletion and Emptiness are divers And first the Causes of Repletion are recited by Galen in his Book of Trembling chap. last to the increase of flegm and inflamation a waterish Humor flowing to the Nerves is supposed to stretch them in their breadth which must needs make them shorter But here is a very great difficulty which is propounded by divers Authors but is resolved perfectly and plainly by none namely what difference there is between the cause of a Palsey and of a Convulsion when both come from a water flowing upon the Nerves why that matter which makes a Palsey which so fills the Nerves that it stops all their passages or pores whereby the Animal Spirits are hindred in their motion doth not also stretch the Nerves in breadth and cause also a Convulsion and why the matter causing a Convulsion filling the Nerves doth not also stop the passages and cause a Palsey when contrarily in a Convulsion the feeling remaineth and the part affected for the most part is very much pained For the resolving of this doubt Authors are much divided and the most ingenious of them all confess that is beyond their capacity Most witty Averroes considering of this Point breaks forth in this expression I would I knew the reason saith he why the Nerves are extended in their breadth and not in their length And presently after he saith Know ye that the words of all Physitians that write of this Symptome are more proper to Fidlers and Singers than to Demonstrators or such as should make things plain And Ingenuous Argenterius in his Comment upon the 26. Aphor. Sect. 2. speaks thus It is not easie to render a reason of all things and especially why Water which is said to be the cause of the Palsey or resolution of Nerves and of the Convulsion should somtimes bring one and somtimes another when it is the same matter and the same parts are affected namely the Nerves why should not the same Disease be alwaies produced Thus Argenterius The great difficulty of this matter hath distracted all Writers into divers Opinions so that some have left the Doctrine of Hippocrates and Galen among whom are Averroes Erastus Platerus Cesalpinus Sennertus and others whose divers Opinions and long Disputations we cannot attend to repeat for we desire to be very short and lay aside all Controversies only adhaering to those things which are most necessary for Cure The Opinion of the soundest Writers which are unwilling to dissent from Galen comes to this That a Convulsion is caused of a thick matter which extendeth the Nerves in their breadth and contracteth them in their length and that a Palsey comes of a thin humor which runs through the substance of the nerve and softeneth it but doth not open the pores and passages But this doth not satisfie a soul that is greedy of Truth For if a thick humor by filling the Nerve doth stretch it broader why doth it not also fill its pores and stop the insensible passages and hinder the coming in of the Animal Spirit and so bring a Palsey and why doth not a Convulsion follow a Palsey in process of time when a thin humor long sticking upon a part must needs grow thick even as the serous matter which makes the Arthritis or Joynt-gout by long continuance upon the part causeth the matter which makes the stone Others say that in a Convulsion only the external part of the Nerve which is Membranous and tender is possessed with the humor but in a Palsey the Internal but this giveth less satisfaction For when the Nerves are for the most part slender it is not easie to conceive how the humor should only possess the external part and not the internal or the internal and not the external Or leastwise if this could be so a Convulsion would follow a Palsey and a Palsey a Convulsion by the increase of the matter and that which at first did only possess the outward or the inward part in process of time would seize upon the whol Nerve Therefore we although we cannot satisfie ourselves in this great Difficulty while better Arguments are propounded suppose that those Objections may be taken off thus A Convulsion and a Palsey differ in this A Palsey is made of a pure watery humor without mixture which doth not extend the parts but softeneth them as we may see in the tumor called oedema but a Convulsion is caused of the same humor but not pure and simple but mixed with much wind by which wind the Nerves are stretched and the Muscles also which are contracted to their Original For no cause can be thought upon more fit to make so great a contraction than wind which Galen acknowledgeth in his second Book de sympt caus chap. 2. and Experience teacheth us that the greatest distentions are made especially by wind as we may see in the dropsie called Tympanites and the Chollick And in Convulâ—ions those are the greatest which are caused of wind which stretcheth and distendeth the parts By this Argument all the aforesaid Objections are answered For if it be demanded Why that flegm or water which maketh a Convulsion doth not bring a Palsey by hindering the passage of the Spirits we may answer That it is in so smal a quantity that it cannot stop the insensible passages of the Nerves and that it is so extenuated and made thin by much wind that it cannot produce a stoppage or obstruction Or we may say that wind is the chief cause of Convulsions which Galen acknowledgeth in the place mentioned And in his 6. Book de loc affect cap. ult he makes the only cause of a Priapism which is the Convulsion of the Yard to be wind The other Cause of a Convulsion coming from Repletion which Galen mentions in the place ciâ—ed is the Inflamation of the Nervous parts especially in the Original of the Nerves or neer to its original by which they are stretched and that Inflamation is either from a cause only internal namely from a flux of blood upon the part or of an outward cause as of a wound contusion or
make use of this following Collyrium oâ— Water for the Eyes Take of red Roses dried two scruples Saffron Spicknard the Bark of the Frankinsence Tree of each half a scruple Tutty prepared burnt lvory and Acacia of each one scruple Bring them into a Pouder and put them in a thin linnen cloth and tie it then hang it in three ounces of Rose Water and wash the Eyes often with the Water dropping into them squeezing the cloth as often as you use the Water If it comes from wind after universal Evacuations those Medicines are to be used which discuss wind in the whol Body and especially in the Eyes and so they may be fomented with the Decoction of Fennel Rue Dill red Roses Myrtles made in Rose Water with the fourth part of white Wine Finally If it come with a stroak you must alter the manner of Cure according to the greatness of the Contusion and if there be an Inflamation you must cure it as an Opfithalmy But if there be no Inflamation you shall at the first apply a Cataplasm of Bean flower Plantane Leaves and red Roses made up with Rose Water After that you shall often drop therein the blood of a Pidgeon which is a most excellent Remedy in all Wounds and Contusions of the Eyes CHAP. VI. Of the straitness or Contraction of the Pupilla THe Pupilla being too straight hindereth the sight as the being of it too large as was shewed in the former Chapter because a moderate largeness of the Pupilla is necessary for receiving perfectly the visible Species So when the Eye is in its Natural condition and is in a light place the Pupilla is contracted lest it should take in too much light if suddenly it be in a dark room the things therein contained are little or scarcely seen at the first entrance by reason of the aforesaid contraction Afterwards when the Pupil is dilated al things are seen rightly therefore in a place moderately light the breadth of the Pupilla ought to be moderate that it may receive moderate light not too much nor too little for making a perfect sight But if the Pupilla be too narrow it receiveth not light enough therefore they who are so affected the sight is diminished yet they see well in a very light place because at that time light sufficient will pass through a narrow hole if no other Disease of the Eyes be joyned with it Now the narrowness of the Pupilla cometh either from the original or first constitution and then it little hindereth for if they who are so affected see less in a dark or dusky place than they who have a Pupilla of its moderate natural breath yet in a clear light place they see better Hence Galen said in 1. de symp caus cap. 2. that they who are born with smal Pupilla's see best Or the straightness of the Pupilla comes from preternatural causes namely overmuch moisture driness or defect of the Watery Humor and want of Spirits The Pupil is contracted by humidity when the Uvea is relaxed and so makes the hole less or narrower For although the dilatation of the Pupilla come of the same humidity yet contrary effects come not of the same cause because if the cause may be called the same it ought to have the same reâ—ation to its effects but humidity is not in the same manner when it makes a Dilatation for it makes â—hat by filling and distending the Membrane but it makes the angustia or narrowness by relaxing it 〈◊〉 relaxeth when it is united to its substance Concerning dryness there is the same difficulty since it is mentioned among the causes of dilating â—he Pupilla But this is the difference When the Uvea is dryed and the humors of the Eye remain in their due quantity then it makes a dilatation of the Pupilla because it looseth not the extention which it formerly had as was said in the precedent Chapter concerning Skins extended when dryed make their holes larger but if the Tunicle Uvea when it is dryed wrinckled falls together and loose its former extension from the defect or diminishing of the humors of the eye then is the hole of the Pupilla made straighter And so the constriction of the Pupilla by driness wil be almost the same with that which happeneth from a defect of the watery humor in the eye although it may come without driness when by the powring forth of the watery humor the Uvea falls down Lastly she narrowness of the Pupilla comes from the defect of Spirits or from the fewness of them when by reason of the obstruction of the optick Nerve or some other cause the visive spirit cannot come to the eyes which when it is filled with spirit keeps its Tunicles extended but when it wanteth spirits they grow lax and fal together Hence the constriction of the Pupilla usually cometh This appeareth in very Old men in whom the Pupilla is made narrow by reason of the want of spirits This Disease is known easily being open to the sense for if one eye alone suffer by comparing it with the other you may perceive the straightness of the Pupilla but if both suffer by looking upon the eyes of another man who is sound sighted you find it out As to the Prognostick a straightness in the Pupilla which cometh from the loss of the watery humor in the eye is incurable because when that is once lost it cannot be recruited especially in old folk in yong people somtimes the watery humor of the eye hath been let forth by a wound and hath been repaired again A Constriction of the Pupilla from driness can scarse and very hardly be cured But that which comes from moisture in the beginning and being yong may be easily Cured but an old one very hardly The Cure of this Disease differeth not from the former for they come both from the same Causes namely Driness or Moisture which distempers although they produce contrary effects after the manner before Explained yet are they to be Cured by the same Remedies CHAP. VII Of Albugo or the white Spot called Pin and Web and of other Colours of the Cornea changed THe Natural Constitution of the Cornea Tunicle is destroyed when it looseth its brightness and transparentness or when it s infected with another colour It looseth brightness when it is grown thicker now the Cornea doth grow thick by driness as in old men which is incurable or by gross humors fastened upon it which happeneth often in an Ophthalmy when either by too much use of Resolving Medicines the thinner parts of the humor are dissolved and the thick remain Or when by an extraordinary use of cold Medicines the humors are thickned and the Cornea doth not only become thicker in that part unto which the humor is fastened but it also contracteth a white Colour which is called Leucoma or Albugo somtimes this also comes from a scar after an Ulcer whereby the Cornea is made thicker in
great sound Ulcers in the Ears a hot distemper weakness and exquisite sence A stroak by moving the Spirits in the Head too violently causeth a noise A great sound doth violently move the natural Air. And Ulcers by the heat of the matter boyling and working make a noise and by the Spirits gathered thither and moving the Natural Air. A hot distemper fills the inward Arteries of the Ear with much Spirit whence a great beating noise proceedeth Somtimes too much Spirit is sent by those Arteries into the Ears and the Natural Air is thereby moved from whence cometh a noise And from this cause may come a continual none for some months or yeers Weakness of hearing useth to make a noise in the Ears as in sick people because every sence debilitated is hurt by every violent or moderate object so they who have weak sight are offended by a small light And lastly When the sence is most exquisite as Galen lib. 3. de comp med sec loâ— cap. 1. there will be a noise in the Ears becauâ—e even moderate objects are too vehement for it Now this exquisite sence must be preternatural for the exquisitness of â—ence cannot of its self produce a depraved action but rather the more exquisire it is the leâ—s will it Err. This preternatural exquisitness of sence comes from a hot distemper ulcer or the like as parts inflamed do depravâ—dly that is painfully feel moderate touchings Or if the exquisitness of sence be Natural you must suppose that the cauâ—e of the noise is Preternatural for the vapor which is so little that it cannot be felt of dull sence and so the action not be hurt will be felt of him that hath exquiâ—â—te â—ense and will cause a noise so that in one it is Preternatural in another Natural There are divers sorts of sounds in the Ears which proceed either from the quantity of the vapors as they are more or few thinner or thicker swift or slow in motion for if the vapor be much thick and of quick motion it wil make a noise like swift running water or like a drum or like â—ome such Musical Instrument or a rushing wind or the like but if it be little thick and move quick the noise is like the falling of a â—ree or House If it be much thin and swift in motion it causeth a hissing or is like falling of a gentle Water If it be little thin and quick in motion it causeth a tickling If it be much thick and of slow motion it makes a murmuring noise If the matter be little thick and slow in motion it makes a kind of whispering noise If it be much thin and of slow motion it causeth a hissing And lastly Because the degrees of thickness and thinness of greatness and smalness of swiftness and slowness are infinite therefore there are innumerable sorts of sounds in the Ears There is no certain knowledg of the causes aforesaid as Galen teacheth 3. de comp med sec loc c. 1. but we may make conjecture from the precedent Causes and Circumstances We conjecture that the noise comes from wind because somtimes it ceaseth and returneth again as also when the Patient hath formerly used to eat windy meat It cometh by consent from other parts when there is some peculiar disease in them It appears to come from the Brain when pain and heaviness of the Head went before and when other sences also are hurt That the fault is in the Ears appears by a continual noise without any intermission We know that that Disease comes from a cold matter if the Patient be better for the use of hot things and if in time of health great noise be not much disturbance The difference of sounds above mentioned do shew whether the disease comes of thick or thin many or few vapors it will easily appear by what hath been said When it comes from the weakness of the faculty of hearing as from some Diseases aforegoing of which the Patiâ—nt is scarce recovered We conjecture that it comes from a hot distemper and from an exquisite sence coming thereupon when the Patient perceiveth a heat in his head about his Ears when some hot Causes went before and Medicines that discuss wind do encrease the disease as also when the Patient in time of his health could not endure any great noise by reason of the exquisitness of sence As to the Prognostick A new begun noise in the head is easily cured but an old hardly and the more if it come from the French Pox. That which proceeds of a hot cause is more easily cured than that which comes of a cold An old noise coming of flegm contained in the Ear turneth to deafness for when the matter is encreased the passage of Hearing is stopped The Cure of this Disease is divers in respect of the diversity of Causes And first the Cure of Noyse in the Head coming from consent with other parts depends upon the Cure of the Diseases of those parts and must be taken from their proper Chapters But that which comes principally from the Ear Distempered must have its proper Cure And if it come of a cold Distemper and thick Vapour it wil be â—ured as in the Treatise or thickness of Hearing for they are complicated and joyned together For Noyse in the Ears is the fore-runner of thick Hearing and Deafneâ—s Therefore al Remedies both Universal and Particular may be used here which we prescribed in the former Chapter of Deafness and thick Hearing If the Noyse come from an Ulcer in the Ear it requireth no other Cure than that which is proper for the Ulcer And that shal be laid down in the following Chapter If it cometh from weakness of Sense as in them who are lately Recovered of some great Disease it wil vanish of its self as the Body gathereth strength yet you may drop some proper temperate Oyls somtimes into the Ears to mitigate as Oyl of Chamomel Dill Sweet Almonds and the like And Finally If it come from a hot distemper and exquisite Sense you must prescribe a Cooling and Moistning Diet as also drop Cool things into the Ears beginning with mild first and after proceeding to stronger And first Uâ—e the Decoction of Barley Violets Lettice Water-Lillies to which you may put a little Balm or Chamomel to make it pierce which not prevailing you must use the juyce of Lettice Purslain Henbane Galen alloweth the Juyce of Poppy and Opium its â—elf but these must be used sparingly and with much Caution lest by weaking the natural heat of the part the Hearing grow more dull Chap. 3. Of Pain in the Ears PAin of the Ears called Otalgia in Greek is a violent Disease both in respect of the part affected namely the inward Membrane which goeth about the Cavity of the Ear as 〈◊〉 by reason of the neerness of the Brain which often suffereth at the same time But since al pain comes from the solution of Continuity al those things do cause
pain in the Ears which do dissolve the Continuity of those sensible parts which compass the Cavity of the Ear the chief whereof are Distempers both without and with Matter Wounds Ulcers or things fallen or put into the Ears Externally A Cold Distemper doth somtimes cause pain in the Ears and it comes from cold Winds cold Laâ—hs and other very cold Causes A Hot Distemper without Matter seldom or never produceth a pain in the Ears as a cold doth For Cold is an Enemy to these Nervous and Membranous parts but Heat is a Friend to them Nor can it cause any pain but that which is excessive and wil cause a defluxion of Humors to the parts and then it is not without Matter For this Cause neither Galen nor any of the anciâ—â—t Greeks made mention of a Hot Distemper although Avicen of al the Arabians have mentioned it Now the Cold Matter which causeth pain in the Ears is either flegm or water which comes from the Brain into them or else wind coming from the Brain or the inferior parts But the Hot Matter is either Choller that fals from the Veins and Arteries into those parts or Blood from whence cometh Inflamation The afore aid Cause produceth an occult Solution of Continuity from whence cometh Pain But manifest Solutions of Continuity as Wounds and Ulcers are more evident Causes of pain Wounds come from external Punctures Cuts and Contusions But Ulcers come either after Inflamation and breaking of an Impostume or from sharp Humors that corrode the parts Finally Things that get into the Ear outwardly if they be hard sharp or any wayes piercing or biting wil cause pain You may know al these Causes thus If the Distemper be without Matter there wil be no heaviness distention or tumor And you may know that the Distemper is Cold when cold Causes have preceded as travel in Winter when the pain increaseth in cold weather or with cold Medicines and decreaseth with hot but you may know a hot distemper by hot causes preceding as being long in the Sun or heat and when hot Medicinâ—s hurt and cold do profit If the Pain come from flegm there wil be a heavinâ—ss in the Ear and the Head as also a Rhewin wil fal upon some other part besides cold Causes did prâ—cede as cold and Northerly weather cold meats or it is winter and the Patient is old and the like If it come from Wind there wil be a great pain without weight or heaviness not constant but intermitting and with noyse That it comes from Water the Patient wil have other Diseases from the same as sharp and thin defluctions upon the Teeth Eyes Ears Breast and other parts and Evacuation of serous Matter by Vomit Stool Urine or Sweat If it come from a Chollerick Humor the pain wil be sharp and pricking and there wil be sensible heat it wil be mitigated with cold things and Choller wil somtimes come forth of the heat the Body is of a Chollerick temper the Party yong the Weather hot and Diet also with the like by which the Patient is often distempered An Inflamation is known by a great beating pain with great heat and redness about the Cheeks and Temples to which there is joyned a continual violent Feaver somtimes Doting Swooning Convulsion and coldness of the extream parts A Wound is known by the blood which wil come forth of the Ear but an Ulcer by the filth or matter but because somtimes there is a defluxion of filth from the Brain by the Ears we must distinguish for it if comes from the Brain there wâ—nt before it a Head-ach and other signs of an Impostume in the Brain And first the matter is sent forth in great abundance and after by degrees while it is al spent From an Imposthume in the Ear may come plenty of Matter but then there went signs before of an Inflamation there and afterward followed an Ulcer whâ—ch you may know whether it came from an Imposthume or a Defluxion of sharp Humors by theâ—e signs following There is a constant Flux of a little filth or matter by degrees there is felt a pain burning and shooting in the Ear especially if it be picked Moreover We may conjecture of the Difference of the Ulcers For if it be in the Bone it is known by the thin Matter yellowish and by the long continuance oâ— the Disease If it be deep you shal know it by much Matter If it be clean by the â—audible Matter If it be foul by the thickness and plenty If it be virulent by the thinness If putrid by the stink of it If it be corroding by blood following If fistulous from the oldness of the Ulcer the virulency of the Matter the callosity and hardness of the flesh Finally If there be any thing fallen into the Ear either it may be seen or related by the Patient The Prognostick of pain in the Ears is divers according to the diversity of the Causes That which comes from a bare distemper is easily cured That which comes from a cold â—â—egmy ferous or windy matter is not very dangerous but uâ—eth to continue â—ong But that which cometh from hot humors and especially such as cause inflamation is very dangerous for the Brain being nigh must needs consent and be also affected from whence Deliriums and Convulsons use to proceed In this Disease yong men are in most danger for they being of a hot temper and their blood â—ot the inflamation is greater and this dissolveth the natural heat of the Brain and killeth the Patient Hence it is that they die for the most part within seven daies But old men who are colder have â—ess inflamation and so are in less danger Ulcers in the Ears are hard to be cured because the Brain being nigh doth send its excrements to those parts But those which follow an Imposthume are easier cured especially if the matter be â—audible But where the matter is virulent stinking or the like it is difficult especially if the Ulcer be cavous and the bone foul The Cure as the Diagnostick and Prognostick is to be varied according to the Cause For if it comes from a bare cold distemper hot Medicines applied to the Ears are sufficient such as are in the cure of Deafness espâ—cially Fomentations and Fumes as also the warm Oyls there described But when a hot distemper comes without matter it may be cured with Topicks which are cooling which we will shew afterwards and especially with the white of an Egg beaten with Breast milk and put into the Ear. If it come from a cold distemper with matter as flegm water or wind you must use the Medicines prescribed in the cure of Deafness First Purge the whol Body then correct the distemper of the Brain and apply warm Topicks that discuss unto the Ears If it come from a hot distemper with Choller which is of long continuance or comes by fits First revel the humor that floweth to the part by Phlebotomy by
fal into the belly whence the Flux is caused And when the tongue is naturally too moist it is probable also that the belly wil be loose and weak through moistness because the Stomach and the Tongue have both the same Tunicle Now the proper passion of a moist belly is a loosness But Avicen seems to be against this Doctrine saying Fen. 1. lib. 3. tract 4. cap. 18. That Stammerers are given much to Melancholly and Melancholly cometh from a dry Brain but this Contradiction is Reconciled thus Avicen meaneth by Stammerers not such as are properly so called and cannot pronounce R but such as Stutter and repeat the same Syllable often before they speak a word and this cometh from a hot and dry Distemper of the Brain in which the thoughts are so quick that they out-run the tongue and hasten its motion whence comes that disturbance But the Stammering aforesaid coming from the Birth is incurable In some an accidentary Stammering cometh by a Catarrh and great Defluxion of Rhewm upon the Jaws and Tongue which is cured by Evacuation Revulsion and Derivation of the Humors as also by Strengthening and Drying the Brain but because the Remedies are the same with those for the Palzey of the Tongue of which we shal now speak they may be taken from thence Two pair of Nerves go to the Tongue the Third pair to Exercise the act of Tasting and Sence And the Seventh pair for Speech and diversity of Motion by the Obstruction and Relaxation of the taste cometh the Palzey of the Tongue which is a Privation or Diminishing of the motion of the Part and this useth to follow an Apoplexey when the hinder part of the brain is too moist and then other parts of the body and for the most part half the body hath the Palzey sometimes it is only in the Tongue when the Nerves and moving Muscles are too moist also by cutting of those Nerves there cometh a Palzey of which there is an example in Avicen Fen. 6. lib. 3. tract 1. cap. 12. in these words A certain man was Cupped and Scarified and the smal hair like Nerve was cut with Scarification which is in the substance of the Pannicle joyned with the Tongue wherefore the Tongue was relaxed We may suppose that these Cupping Glasses were applied to the Neck and hinder part of the head for since the Nerves that move the Tongue come from the beginning of the Spinal Marrow which is in the Neck It is most certain that the Scarification was made so deep that some branch of them was divided But although the matter producing this Disease be Flegm yet somtimes it is thicker and colder somtimes thinner and hotter as the Humors which predominate in the Body the knowledge whereof is from Avicen Fen. 6. lib. 3. tract 1. cap. 6. in these words And somtimes the redness of the Tongue and hotness shew that the matter is blood and somtimes much watery spittle sheweth that the matter is thin and when there is little benefit by Resolving Medicines and much by binding and astringent This Disease if it come from the Brain and follow an Apoplexy so that other parts also are affected is seldom cured especially if the Patient be in yeers but if it be single and in the part only it is to be cured and the easier if the Patient be yong The Cure of the Palâ—ey in the Tongue is by taking away the antecedent Cause that is the humor abounding in the Brain and by discussing and dissolving the conjunct cause namely the humor which is fastened upon the Nerves that move the Tongue The antecedent cause will be taken away by the Medicines prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain And first you must purge with Pills or a Potion there mentioned After if blood abound and be either the Principal or the assistant Cause of the Disease take so much as age and strength will permit then administer a Cephalick Apozeme and if the Disease seem stubborn give a sweating diet all which are formerly prescribed in the place mentioned After general Evacuations come we to the Derivation of the matter causing the Disease by Cupping and Vesicatories applied behind as also by Cauteries Avicen applied a Cupping-glass under the Chin which is now also allowed Open the Vein under the Tongue and it will profit if before you have made general Evacuation to derive the Humor from the Muscles of the Tongue For the discussing and drawing forth of this Humor let the Gargarism following be often used Take of Flowerdeluce roots half an ounce Origan Sage French Lavender Rosemary of each half a handful Cubebs three drams Liquoris one ounce Boyl them in equal parts of white Wine and Water to a pint Dissolve in the straining Oxymel of Squils two ounces Make a Gargarism to which if it work not strong enough you may ad two or three drams of the Decoction of Pellitory of Spain or of Mustard seed You may also ad Castorium if it offend not the Patient with the scent To this end you may often rub the Tongue with Oxymel of Squils alone or mixed with Mustard Seed A bag of Sage is much commended for to rub the Tongue with often to which you may ad Mustard seed also Also these following Pills ought to be held often upon the Tongue Take of the Juyce of Bettony and Liquoris of each one dram and an half Castor and Assafatida of each half a dram Nutmeg and Spicknard of each one scruple Incorporate them with Honey and make them into the form of Lupines Here also Gargarisms Masticatories and Errhines which are prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain may be used Also for the strengthening of the Brain and dispersing the reliques of the humors therein contained Fumigations and Pouders for the Hair with Caps mentioned in the same Chapter are here to be used Lastly You must prescribe the usual Medicines against encrease of flegm namely Syrupus Magistralis or ordinary Pills with a strengthening Opiate as is there declared The End of the Fifth Book THE SIXTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Teeth Gums Jaws Pallat and Wind-pipe or Larynx The PREFACE THE Parts contained in the Mouth and Jaws suffers divers Diseases the Chief whereof we only desire to lay down and to omit those that are ordinarily Cured by Chirurgeons Therefore this Book shall contain Seven Chapters First Of the Tooth-Ach Secondly Of the Blackness and Consuming of the Teeth Thirdly Of the Eating away and Exulceration of the Gums Fourthly Of the Flux of Blood from the Gums Fifthly Of the Vlcers of the Mouth and Jaws Sixthly Of the Relaxation or Falling down of the Pallat And Seventhly Of Angina or Quinzy Chap. 1. Of the Tooth-Ach GAlen in his Fifth Book of the Composition of Medicines cap. 8. 16. of the Use of Parts cap. 2. saith That the Teeth are not only sensible in respect of their Nerves at
Operation nor any other in his time But he confesseth it may be used so that the Lungs and rough Artery be not full of filth and he sheweth the manner of it in its proper Chapter most exactly from whence any one may take it The End of the Sixth Book THE SEVENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Breast The PREFACE BY this name Thorax or Breast we mean those parts only which serve for breathing for although the Heart be contained in the Thorax yet the Diseases therof shall be set down in a Book by themselves But in this we will only speak of those which hinder breathing and hurt the part of Respiration as Astbma Pleuresie Peripneumonia or Inflamation of the Lungs Empyema and Phtysis and we have ordained proper Chapters for each of them Chap. 1. Of Asthma or Difficulty of Breathing THe Breath is hindered by divers Causes either by sympathy or propriety of part The hinderance of breathing by propriety called Idiopathica comes from the Lungs distempered and therefore every Disease of the Lungs hurts their action which Diseases are either in the substance of the Lungs or in the Vessels thereof In the substance of the Lungs come inflamations pimples imposthumes ulcers and somtimes a drying and atrophy of the part somtimes a serous watery humor is suckt into the spungy substance of the Lungs and hinders their free dilatation somtimes though seldom there is a schirrus a stone or hard swelling in them In the Vessels of the Lungs there are often obstructions which hindering the free passage of the Air cause difficulty of breathing Breathing is hindered by sympathy or consent from other parts which are not only neer but remote so the Membrane that goeth about the ribs being inflamed or the Diaphragma or Mediastinum the breath is hindered So by custom there is a great and often breathing when the heart is inflamed as in Feavers and on the contrary when the Heart is cold as in dying men it is diminished and ceaseth the same happeneth in swouning or syncope when the action of the Heart and consequently Respiration ceaseth So in the Empyema or Dropsie of the Breast when matter or water is collected in the Cavity of the Thorax the Dilatation of the Lights and Respiration is also hindered So the Muscles of Breathing being hurt hinder Respiration as in wounds and tumors of them especially in an Apoplexy when the influence of the Animal Spirits is kept from them Moreover The Inflamation of the Muscles of the Larynx makes difficulty of breathing in a Squinzy So also the Diseases of the Hypochondria do hinder Respiration by consent as tumors of the Liver Spleen Sweetbread or Pancreas do by their weight draw down the Diaphragma to which they are joyned and so hinder the motion of it Also vapors and wind sent from those parts compress the Diaphragma and hinder its action from whence comes a flatulent Asthma The same happeneth by the abundance of wind or water contained in the belly of an Hydropical man and compressing the Diaphragma Lastly Vapors coming from the Mother hinder Respiration from whence this disease is called Suffocatio Hysterica Among the aforesaid hinderances of Respiration the Asthma is handled by it self because the other depend upon other Diseases they shall be mentioned in their places Although Asthma used generally comprehendeth in a large signification all kinds of difficulty of breathing yet it signifies more specially that shortness of breathing which comes from the stuffing of the Lungs and the obstruction of the Bronchion or Gristles of the Wind-pipe which of its self essentially is without a Feaver although somtimes it be joyned therewith And again it is subdivided into three other kinds as first Dyspnoea the second called also Asthma the third Orthopnoea Dyspnoea is a difficulty of breathing in which the breath is drawn oftener and thicker from the stuffing of the Lungs This is less than Asthma or Orthopnoea because the matter obstructing is less and it rather stops the substance of the Lungs than Gristles or Bronchia hence it is that there is no snorting at all which comes from the commotion of the humors contained in the Bronchia with the Air continually passing through Asthma is a great and often breathing in which the Diaphragma the Intercostal Muscles between the Ribs and of the Abdomen are violently moved joyned with snorting and wheesing For in a true Asthma properly so called the Btonchia of the Lungs are filled with flegm which as is said being moved by the Air make that noise Orthopnoea is a great difficulty of breathing in which the Patient cannot breath but sitting and with the neck extended upright and the aforesaid Muscles are not only moved vehemently but also those of the Breast and Shoulders The names Dyspnoea and Orthopnoea as we said of Asthma are used commonly for all difficulties of breathing which happen in Pleuresies or Inflamation of the Lungs or the like The same may be said of Apnaea which doth not only signifie a depravation of breathing as the former but also a diminishing or abolishing thereof and this happeneth in syncope Hysterical Passions and strong Apoplexies The humor which causeth an Asthma is for the most part flegm which falls from the Head into the Lungs and obstructs the Bronchia or Wind-pipe Somtimes it comes from crude and serous humors brought by Arteria Venosa into the Lungs and if these flow to the Bronchia they produce a true Asthma with snorting but if to the substance of the Lungs or smooth Arteries they cause a bastard Asthma without snorting This kind of Asthma which is unknown to vulgar Physitians who will acknowledg no other cause but a defluxion from the Head is confirmed not only by not snorting but from the thick and turbulent Urine of the Patient at that time especially in the sit because some part of those thick and crude humors in the Veins is sent to the Reins and Bladder And some Asthmatical men are subject to stoppage of Urine and when they are so they are free from it But when the fit of the Asthma comes the difficulty of Urine ceaseth because the matter of the disease contained in the Veins goes from one place to another We have also seen some subject to a flux in the Belly who while they were so were free from the Asthma but when that stopped the Asthma returned Moreover this kind of Asthma which is without snorting is so directly opposite to bleeding that when a Vein is opened in the fit as soon as it bleedeth the Patient begins presently to breath better and in the end or after a little space they are cured of their fit And finally these kind of Asthmatical men are for the most part of an ill habit of body and have an oedematous humor in their feet which sheweth that the cause of the Asthma at that time came from the Liver and is contained in the Veins so that somtimes a Dropsie
by Schenkius by which it appears that he never see it till â—heir bodies who died of it were opened by him Therefore we will describe it exactly that a Phy-â—â—tian may not be deceived This serous humor either may be bred in the Lungs by the proper fault of them as when it doth â—ot concoct its own nourishment but turneth it into Water which by degrees is sent to the Cavity â—f the Breast or by bladders breaking upon the Lungs which are mentioned by Hippocrates in his â—ook of Internal Diseases and also by others Or it is sent into the Breast from other parts as from â—he Hypochondria especially when the Liver or the Spleen are distempered with a Schirrus or other â—isease by which much water is produced This watery humor is either sent by the Veins to the â—ungs which are weak or else from the Cavity of the Abdomen it is carried to the Breast by Insensiâ—le Transpiration Now Experience teacheth that this serous humor may be sent from one Belly to â—nother because the dropsie of the Breast turns into a dropsie of the Belly and a dropsie of the belâ—y into the Breast from whence they are suddenly choaked The Diagnosis of this Disease as hath been said is very hard for almost all the signs are the â—ame with the signs of other Diseases of the Breast But a noise of Water in the breast is only peâ—uliar to this Disease and to Empyema which may be heard within if the body be moved to and fro â—r be taken upon a strong mans shoulders and shaken But all the Signs which we mentioned from Hippocrates taken together may make a certain Diagâ—osis To which you may ad this one as being most evident to shew the Disease and by which â—he Dropsie in the breast is only distinguished from other difficulties of breathing namely When â—t every first beginning to sleep this difficulty of breathing cometh and hindereth it and by night enâ—reaseth and towards morning by degrees abateth To these you may ad somtimes a pain of one Arm or Shoulder which comes either from the humor falling from the Head into the Breast part whereof falls into the Arm being neer or from the water contained in the breast and sent to the Arms by the Axillary Veins of the Arm-holes or from â—he Refrigeration of the Intercostal Muscles from which the Nerves are derived to the Arms or from â—ome other sympathy by way of vicinity For Hippocrates in Coacis observed this Sympathy of the â—reast and arms If those parts or lobes of the Lungs which hang towards the right and left side of â—he Chest be vehemently inflamed so that they sway or rest upon one side of the Chest or Ribs the â—atery matter breaks out on the same side of the Body where the Lungs lean or rest This is a great Disease and hard to be cured for they who have it have their Natural heat very â—eak and their natural strength also from some great disease in the bowels from whence it comes that when the humor collected in the breast is evacuated by Medicines which is very difficult there â—omes more in the place of it from whence the disease is not only nourished but encreased so that â—t length by abundance of water they fall into the Dropsie called Ascites yet in the beginning beâ—ore the bowels are much hurt it somtimes may be cured For the Cure of this disease you must observe two Indications namely That the matter contaiâ—ed in the breast be evacuated and that the breeding thereof again be hindered It is a hard thing to empty the water contained in the breast because the waies are not open by which it should be brought forth Therefore Hippocrates doth advise to open the side which because â—e never see practised and never read in any Author that it was done with good success we cannot absolutely approve and we may speak of it as we have of the Opening or Tapping for the Dropsie in its proper Chapter Therefore it is better to attempt this Evacuation with Medicines that expel Water for which purpose al those Medicines prescribed by us in the Cure of the Dropsie are good Where we must observe diligently That if when the Disease is confirmed and much serous humor is gathered in the Breast you give a violent Purge those humors wil be much moved from whence there wil come a great Suffocation which wil kil the Patient therefore be wary and give your Medicine in a less Dose though oftener and mix them with strong Openers that purge Urin that both the passages may be unstopt and the Matter carried to the Uritories Among Water Purges the Minerals are best as Mercurius Dulcis and Mercurius Vitae so corrected that it may work only downward Also Diureticks alone or Medicines to provoke Urin often used are good because they turn away the matter coming to the breast to the bladder and by way of Consequence they bring it also from the breast Also Sudorificks are profitable to the carrying away of this serous matter and we saw a man of sixty years old who by the use of a Sweating drink made of Guaiacum and Sarsa taken fifteen days together and by provoking sweat with the vapor of the Spirit of Wine was Cured Cauteries applied to make Issues in the Thighes and Legs are also good to take Water from the breast You may hinder the breeding of this Water by amending the faults of those parts which send this Matter So if the Lungs be in fault you must apply proper Medicines unto them if the Liver or Spleen be troubled with Distemper Obstruction Schirrus or the like you must cure them by Medicines taken out of their several Chapters But those things which do strengthen the Vital and the Natural parts wil alwayes agree such as are prescribed in the Cure of Weakness Dropsie and Flux of the Liver Chap. 6. Of Haemoptysis or Spetting of Blood ALthough usually the word Haemoptysis doth signifie al manner of Spetting of blood from what part soever it doth proceed whether from the Breast Lungs Rough Artery or from the Jaws Gums Pallat Uvula Brain Stomach Liver and Spleen Yet Galen lib. 1. decris cap. 5. saith That Haemoptysis properly is taken for that spetting of blood which comes from the Vital parts as the Breast Lungs and rough Artery It is a Symptome in the excretion of those things which are wholly besides Nature But since every Symptome depends upon a Disease as its next and immediate Cause the Cause of this wil be either an Organical or a Common Disease The Organical is Two-fold the opening of the Vessels called in Greek Anastoriosis and Rarifaction called Diapedesis Also the Common Disease is Two-fold namely the breaking of the same Vessels called Rexis and the Corrosion of them called Diabrosis The Internal Cause immediately producing the Diseases is a great quantity of blood Blood exceeding in quantity wil either break the Veins or open their Orifices and so make either
the breast a pale colour black and blew a smal obscure and unequal pulse A swoonding by way of Sympathy from other parts is known by the sign of those parts affected so that if it come from the stomach that hath been distempered with loathing vomiting gnawing the mouth hath been bitter and dry and the like The same Judgement is to be taken in other parts but if you see no sign of any other part affected you may conclude that it comes principally from the heart Moreover A Syncope is distinguished from other Diseases by its proper signs From an Epilepsy because that hath a Convulsion but a Syncope not From an Apoplexy because in that the breath is stopt and there is often snorting and the pulse is not much abated except when Death is at hand but in a Syncope the Pulse is almost gone and the breath is free It is distinguished from the Mother for in that the breathing parts are most affected so that the Patient is almost strangled but the Pulse is not much altered nor the colour of the face but keeps its natural complection and somtimes is higher coloured but in a Syncope the breath is not stopt but the pulse is almost gone and the face is pale But somtimes a Syncope is joyned with the Suffocation of the Mother and then the Pulse is not perceived The Prognostick of this Disease is first taken from Hippocrates Aph. 41. Sect. 2. They who often and violently faint without a manifest Cause do die suddenly For as it is said a great Syncope doth quite take away the strength from the heart A Syncope from which a man is not recovered by Rose Water thrown in his face and Wine given to drink with sneezing-pouder put into the Nose is deadly When one is raised from a Syncope health is not to be promised for if his Pulse return not but his colour be wan and he still be cold he wil quickly Relapse in which is danger That Syncope which comes from immoderate Evacuations fear sorrow or some evident Cause is of less danger than that which comes from an internal Cause As for the Cure because it comes from divers Causes it must be various But of what Cause soever it come in the time of the Fit these are good Lying upon the back throwing of cold Water in the face provoking to neez putting of strong Wine Cinnamon or imperial Water Aqua vitae Coelestis and the like into the mouth holding of hot bread to the Nose loud calling and shaking stopping of the Nostrils wringing of the Fingers pulling of the Hair rubbing binding and cupping But in respect of the Causes which are divers you must vary the Cure thus If it come from want of meat he wil be Cured with strong Wine and a Toast or Sop Also with nourishing broths and Restoring distilled Waters among other things a dish of Eggs with sugar Wine and Cinnamon described in the following Chapter If it come from thinness of the Humors by which the spirits do easily flie away give him sweet things and meats of good juyce and thickning let the pores of the skin be stopt with Oyl of Roses and let the Patient stay in a cold place If it come from the Mother you must give Medicines for that If it come from some evil quality give Cordials and Antidotes such as are prescribed in malignant Feavers If from poyson give things to expel it First a Vomit and then Treacle and then if he feel burning or gnawing in the Guts let him take Milk of Butter or fat Broth or cooling Cordial Potions If it come of immoderate Evacuation let the Patient be refreshed with Scents Meat Drink sleep and rest If from too great loss of Blood lay him upon his bed with his Head backwards dash his face with cold Water give him a little Wine with cold Water If it come of too much Purging give him new Treacle or old if you cannot get new with two grains of Opium dissolved in Wine or three grains of Laudanum which is better And let the Belly be anointed all over with this following Oyl Take of Oyl of Myrtles and Quinces of each one ounce and an half Oyl of Wormwood one ounce With a little Rose Vinegar mix them and anoint often Give a Clyster of steeled Milk with three Yolks of Eggs and two drams of Philonium Romanum Use Frictions of the Arms and upper parts give him a Sop in Wine or Wine alone And lastly Every Evacuation whether it be of Blood from the Nose or Womb or other parts or of Humors by Vomit or Stool must be stopped with their proper Medicines prescribed in their several Chapters That Syncope which comes from too much Sweat is cured by Medicines that restrain Sweat as with Cold or Rose Water alone or with a little Vinegar sprinkled upon the Face and Hands Also let the Air be cooled with the same Water and with Fanning Apply cold Epithems to the Heart made of Rose Sorrel and Borrage Water with Pouder of Diamargariton frigid with a little Wine to make it pierce You must also give often cooling Juleps made of Syrup of Sorrel Violets and Apples or Lemmons with cooling Waters and Lapis Prunellae Let the Pores be closed with anointing the Skin with Oyl of Roses Myrtles and Mastich Let him abstain from Wine Let him not be rubbed bâ—t let him move often gently being lightly covered Let his bed be perfumed with this Pouder following Take of the flowers of Water-lillies red Roses of each three ounces the best Labdanum half an ounce Storax two drams Myrtles and grains of Sumach of each two ounces Make a Pouder If it come from suffocation of the Spirits you must call them forth by Frictions Ligatures Cupping-glasses and the like And if this Suffocation came of Repletion you must bleed plentifully but by degrees If it comes from terror and fear you must also bleed lest it cause an Obstruction or Inflamation Chap. 2. Of the Palpitation or Breathing of the Heart AS in a Synoope the motion of the Heart is diminished so in this Disease it is depraved It iâ— wrongly stiled by some a trembling of the Heart when trembling is a passion of the Animal and voluntary motion and is not proper to any parts but such as have voluntary motion Galen in his Book of Trembling Palpitation and Convulsion saith That Palpitation comes only from the Disease that is from the Cause which lifteth up and depresseth the part without any help of the Faculty but Trembling comes partly from the Faculty partly from the Disease Hence it is that many using the word Palpitation indifferently to any part think it is in the Heart as in the Skin and Muscles in which it comes from wind driven violently thither for if the Heart be moved as a Bladder by water or wind they suppose that to be a Palpitation But the reason is different for the Skin and Muscles cannot naturally dilate and contract themselves but by
one ounce Oyl of Sulphur twelve drops mix them to be taken now and then a spoonful Clarret Water is usual and it is made thus Take of Cinnamon grosly poudered two ounces steep them in one pint of Aqua Vitae in a glass in another glass put six ounces of sugar with half a pint of Rose water let these Glasses stand two or three dayes every day shaking them often then mix them both together and strain them by filtration keep the Liquor in a Glass close stopt and let the Patient take a spoonful or two Fasting In Paris the Syrup of Wormwood made by Pena is highly esteemed made thus Take half a pound of candied Citron barks sliced boyl them in equal parts of the Waters of Succory and Agrimony make a strong expression and put to it the juyce of Quinces and Wormwood water of each half a pint in which infuse for four dayes four ounces of Schoenanth in a close vessel well glassed and set upon the Embers dissolve in the straining as much sugar as is needful then boyl them to a syrup in which when it is hot dissolve one dram of ash-coloured Amber keep it in a close Glass Cinnamon Water alone is excellent good in a Cold Stomach or with other Medicines as Syrup of Wormwood Mints or Coral to which you may also put Amber-greece The Syrup of Cinnamon made with Aqua Vitae according to Quercitanus Dispensatory is no less powerful And Cinnamon Water distilled with Juyce of Quinces And also the Spirit of Mastich made thus Take three ounces of Mastich one ounce of Galangal half a pint of spirit of Wine digest them and distil them The Elixir Proprietatis described by Crollius is good if you give twelve or fifteen drops in Wine they wonderfully strengthen the Stomach You may make Tablets for the same purpose thus Take of the pulp of Rinds of fresh Oranges and Aromaticum Rosatum of each two drams white Sugar dissolved in Orange flower water four ounces Make Lozenges Tablets of Aromaticum Rosatum Opiata Solomonis and old Treacle are good for the same A Decoction of Guajacum or Sassaphras taken many dayes togâ—ther with a little sweating or without in weak people is very good in this Disease being oâ— long continuance Also Sulphurous and Nitrous Baths as our Bellilucanae being taken in great quantity many dayes do powerfully clense the Stomach and Gutts from al slimy filth Take of Agrimony Centaury the less and common Wormwood of each half an handful boyl them to half a pint and ad one ounce of sugar drink it either in a cold or hot Cause Hartman exceedingly commends the use of Zeadoary in these words The often use of Zedoary doth so strengthen the stomach as nothing more therefore we may commend it having tryed it often and never missed you must eate it often Costaeus Commends hot Wine thus Hot Wine drunk ordinarily doth amâ—nd the imbecillity of the stomach It is usually observed that they who have been continually vexed with Wind and Pain from an evil Concoction when they have begun to drink warm drink have been cured and lived after a long time more comfortably You must give him Wine in Water wherein Coriander hath been boyled for his ordinary Drink But observe That if a hot distemper of the Liver meet with that of a cold stomach as often it doth you must give hot Medicines warily and rather those that are temperate Zechius Commends this Bolus following in these words That the stomach may be warmed gently and not dryed you can use no Medicine inwardly more powerfull Take of washed Turpentine two drams Pouder of Mastich half a dram Aromaticum rosatum haâ—f a scruple make a Bolus to be taken two hours before meat This digestive Pouder is usual to help Concoction Take of Coriander seeds prepared half an ounce sweet Fennel seed and Annis seed of each two drams Cinnamon and Cloves of each half a dram Sugar twice as much as the rest make a Pouder of which let him take one spoonful after every meal The Ballom of Peru is good if you give a few drops in Wine one hour before meat Or in form of a Pill one or two drops in sugar for many dayes There are some ordinary Medicines for this Hippocras Wine a Decoction of Annis Coriander and Cinnamon mixed with sugar for ordinary drink The Dukes Pouder commonly so called made of two parts of Sugar and one of Cinnamon to sprinkle upon al meats A Salt to be eaten with meat made of Coriander Annis seeds long Pepper Galangal and Nutmegg mixed with an equal proportion of Common salt Some Grains of Pepper whol or beaten taken fasting Acrons stuck with Cloves and Cinnamon and candied with Sugar Citron and Orange peels candied together Annis seeds Fennel Coriander and Cinnamon infrosted with Sugar al these men may use as they please Citron Peels are more pleasant than the rest but because it wil grow so dry that it wil hardly be chewed we are often constrained to make it up in a Mortar with Rose Water in the form of an Opiate Candied Myrobalans and Nutmegs may be used for the same and be made up as the former though they are not so apt to grow hard The Essences of Annis Cinnamon Citron peels Nutmegs and Olives are excellent to strengthen the stomach and they must be used as above in the Diseases of the Heart Of Meats They which are Salt do most provoke Appetite and Sharp things in a smal quantity and mixed with other things lest they cool the Stomach Outwardly apply Liniments Fomentations and Emplaisters thus made Take of Cypress Roots Galangal Flower-de-luce and dried Citron peels of each two ounces Mints Hysop Sage Rosemary and Marjoram of each one handful Annis seeds Bay-berries Nutmegs Cloves and Cinnamon of each three drams the flowers of Stoechas Schoenanth and Rosemary of each one pugil slice those that must be sliced and bruise those that must â—e bruised according to art and put them into two Bags with holes pricked through and steep them in strong Wine and lay them warm to the stomach one after another Take of the Oyl of Wormwood Mints and Spike of each half an ounce Oyl of Nutmegs two drams Wood of Aloes Mace and Cinnamon of each one scruple with a little Wax make a Liniment which will be better if you ad six drops of Oyl of Cloves and of Musk and Ambergreece of each eight grains Also there is a Liniment of Oyl of Nutmegs Balsom of Peru or of Oyl of Wormwood Mastich and Balsom of Peru. Take of the Emplaister of Mastich one ounce Aromaticum Rosatum one dram Oyl of Nutmegs as much as is fit to make a Plaister like a Buckler for the Stomach Crato doth wonderfully commend this following Plaister Take of Labdanum two ounces Wax four ounces Oyl of Nutmegs three drams Make an Emplaister Galen adviseth 7. meth not to keep these Plaisters long upon the part for at length they will dissolve the heat
Cardiogmos it is evil for it signifieth that there is a great Inflamation of the Stomach or abundance of bad Humors contained therein The pain of the Stomach coming from Worms or Wind is commonly least dangerous because the Cause is not so bad and not fixed to the part But somtimes from Worms ghawing in the Stomach great Symptomes happen of which the Patient suddenly dieth So when the distemper which begets wind is stubborn and habitual it is not without danger for it turneth to a dry dropsie Hippocrates Aphor. 11. Sect. 4. In a Cardialgia coldness of the extream parts signifieth death at hand The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the diversity of the Causes If it come from the Diseases of other parts you must cure them But if the Cause be in the Stomach alone the pain comes either from wind or sharp Humors and Chollerick or from Inflamation Imposthume or Ulcer That which comes from Wind is to be cured by Medicines that discuss and evacuate that flatulent Matter as also the flegm from whence it comes And first you must give a gentle Emollient Laxative Clyster and presently after another Carminative that is expelling wind and discussing of the Decoction of Origan Calamints Penyroyal Rue the lesser Centaury Annis seeds Fennel seeds Carrots and Cummin seeds and the like In which dissolve Benedicta Laxativa Oyl of Dil Rue and Honey of Rosemary If the pain continue you must make a Clyster of equal parts of Sack or Hippocras Oyl of Rue or of Nuts with two ounces of Aqua vitae Or make a Clyster of white Wine with Oyl of Juniper or eight drops of the Chymical Oyl of Cinnamon or Cloves which doth Miracles Then foment the Stomach with this Take of Cypress Roots Galangal Calamus Aromaticus of each one ounce Mints Origan Penyroyal Marjoram Hysop Sage of each one handful Annis Fennel Caraway and Carrot seeds and Bay berries of each half an ounce Chamomel Melilot Rosemary and Lavender flowwers of each one pugil beat them and slice them put them into two bags and boyl them in Sack then squeeze them and apply them one after another to the Stomach and all the Belly When the Matter is not so cold this Fomentation following may be prepared which is highly commended by Forestus because it hath presently cured when other things failed Take of Althaea Roots half an ounce red Roses Chamomel Flowers and tops of Wormwood of each one handful Boyl them in common Water and Chamomel Water to one pint and an half adding in the end a little Rhenish Wine Rose Water and Vinegar Make a Fomentation After Fomentation anoint with Oyl of Rue and Dill mixed with Aqua vitae and a little Chymical Oyl of Sage or Cloves After the anointing apply a Plaister of Bay-berries or instead thereof a Cataplasm of Honey and Cummin seed While these are doing if there be loathing you may provoke vomiting gently or give a Purge against flegm After Purging give Oyl of bitter Almonds newly drawn mixed with white Wine or Hippocras mixed with Aqua Clareta or Cinnamon Water This following Juleps is most admirable to asswage pain discuss wind and strengthen the Stomach Take of Wormwood Centuary the less and Agrimony of each half a handful boyl them to five ounces and ad to it being strained one ounce of Sugar Let him take it two mornings together Amatus Lucitanus commends highly the distilled Water of Chamomel flowers as a most excellent Remedy to asswage the pains of the Stomach and Entrals of which you must give three ounces warm Or in the defect of that you may make a Decoction of Chamomel flowers which is so much commended by Forestus who saith that he cured a Merchant with this only Decoction once only given of great pain of his Stomach which made him to roar which when he had drunk off he belched and fell into a sweat and all his pain vanished as by an Inchantment so that he needed no other help You may also make a Vomit at the beginning of the disease which by evacuation may abate the pain of this Decoction made with Dill seeds or Agarick or the Roots of Asarabacca dissolving therein Oxymel Syrup of Vinegar or of Roses Solutive Galen teacheth that a Cupping glass applied to the Stomach doth presently take away pain But you must use this Caution That no crude Humor or very little lie in the Stomach otherwise the pain will be encreased Also you may with good success apply Bread hot from the Oven cut in the middle either by it self or sprinkled with Spices Lastly If the pain continue violent you must use a bath of the Decoction of mollifying Herbs that are hot which is most safe and powerful for it takes away the pain by discussing the wind and sending it forth by the open pores which it will better do if you give some discussing Medicine to the Patient while he is in the Bath for both internal and external helps concurring the work will be done The Bath must be very hot that the wind may be the better discussed and the thick Humors melted If by reason of the vehement pain Clysters can neither be given nor retained you must give a Purge in the Bath and let him stay therein an hour or half an hour till the power of the Medicine touch the Stomach Somtimes when the violence of the pain threateneth danger you must give Narcoticks which being wisely given bring wonderful effects Some mix Narcoticks with their Purges that the pain may be allayed and the Matter evacuated such as the Medicine of Elidaeus commended by Forestus made thus Take of Diaphoenicon half an ounce Philonium Romanum two scruples with the Water or Decoction of Chamomel make a Potion After the pain is gone let them who are subject to this Disease be purged once or twice in a month to take away the immediate cause of wind And let them use strengtheners such as were prescribed in the Cure of Concoction hurt That pain which comes of Choller is to be cured by the evacuation thereof with a gentle vomit or Purge or with frequent Clysters that are emollient not sharp or hot Afterwards qualifie the sharpness of the Humors with cooling Juleps that thicken with Emulsions of the great cold Seeds new Milk new Oyl of sweet Almonds Yolks of Eggs and the like In the mean while omit not Opiates and other strengtheners prescribed in the former Cures And at last when need requireth use Narcoticks Apply outwardly a Cataplasm of Bread and Milk with yolks of Eggs and Saffron Or Bread from the Oven broken in the middle and dipt in Vinegar Or Foment the part with the Decoction of Chamomil-flowers Violets and Water Lillies or which is best put the Patient in a warm Bath for that is most proper After the pain is gone lest it should return let the Patient Purge twice every month and let the hot Distemper of his Belly be corrected with a
for by so doing it is burnt The Preparation is thus made Take of Rhubarb one dram and an half infuse it in three ounces of Plantane Water some few hours strain it press it gently and then infuse it again in three ounces of new Plantane Water and dissolve in the straining half an ounce of Cassia make a Potion If you desire by reason of the abundance of crude Humors to Purge more then you may make Syrup of Roses or Diacatholicon or other mild things but beware of strong Somtimes a Vomit is very good if the Patient be inclinable and the Humors stand in the Stomach for it makes a revulsion of the Humors from the part affected Which Amatus Lusitanus wisely mentioned Curat 44. Cent. 2. in these words If the Physitian can draw upwards and cast out by Vomit a Humor that is Chollerick and sharp flowing to the Guts to make a Dysentery it would be contrary to the Precepts of Galen in his Book of Medicinal Art and Method of Cure to carry the matter by the Guts which are full of Vlcers But when the Physitian cannot do it although he ought to try his best skill he must then use Purges and especially Rhubarb This Hippocrates taught Aph. 15. Sect. 6. After a long flux of the Belly if Vomiting come of it self the disease is cured But Galen in his Comment upon this Aphorism saith That this is the example of those things which are done rightly by Nature which a Physitian ought to imitate And Mercatus confirms the same in these words Divert the Humors another way by bleeding if thou canst also purge and Vomit especially in salt flegm for thus we have seen old Dysenteries cured Angelus sala prescribeth this following Vomit in a Dysentery Take of Salt of Vitriol half a dram or a dram Syrup of Quinces and Bettony Water of each one ounce Cinnamon Water ten drams Mix them and drink it off There is great Dissention among Authors concerning Blood-letting in this Disease And it is the Opinion of the wisest that in a Feaver and Inflamation of the Intestines which is commonly joyned with an Ulcer that it ought to be in the beginning of the Disease before the strength be decayed by it for so there is a revulsion of Blood and sharp Humors flowing to the Guts And Valescus de Taranta and Amatus Lusitanus in an old Dysentery drew Blood Valescus saith That a very old man had a Dysentery three months I being sent for when other Physitians opposed it commanded a Vein to be opened he presently amended And Amatus saith thus That an honest Physitian went to a man who had a Dysentery thirty daies with a great Feaver and after the use of divers Medicines was brought very low and lean his flux continuing with much Blood and drew Blood from the Liver Vein of his right Arm and observe with what success Presently miraculously the blood stopped though his flux continued But by Clysters with Sugar and astringent Medicines both internal and external his belly was bound and he cured In the mean while give many Clysters first asswaging mild and clensing then glutinous and astringent and somtimes in one Clyster all together or most of them Mild gently and anodine Clysters that asswage pain are made of Milk either alone or with two or three yolks of Eggs or with the Mucilage of Fleabane Seeds and Quinces of each four ounces with Sugar or Honey of Roses one ounce Goats Suet one ounce or with Milk wherein Gold Iron or Flints have been quenched that the serous part may be consumed and so it may be more glutinous In want of Milk you may give Almond Milk or Barley Cream or Rice Milk alone or together as also the Broth of Mutton Chicken Capon or a Sheeps Head and mix the former things therewith It is usual to boyl Roses and the Herb Hors-tail with a Sheeps Head Or this following Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce clensed Barley or Rice one Pugil Lin-seed and Quince seed of each one ounce Fleabane seed half a dram Chamomel flowers one pugil Boyl them in Milk or Broth adding the Suet and Yolks of Eggs and other things before mentioned Or you may make it of Milk alone boyled with Marsh-mallow Roots at the first to clense and asswage the pain If the Pain be great you must mix Narcoticks as Philonium Persicum one or two drams Pils of Hounds-tongue one or two scruples Syrup of Poppies one ounce and an half Laudanum five or six grains in your Clysters If there be an Inflamation in the Guts which may be known by constant pain and increasing when it is touched also by a Feaver and dryness of the Tongue let blood again give Clysters of Rose Water with Salt of Lead and foment the Belly with Oxycrate or Wine and Water Also you may give Salt of Lead at the Mouth to ten grains with Conserve of Roses Clensing Clysters are made of Barley Water Bran red Roses Sugar or Honey of Roses But for the greater clensing and glutinating the Ulcer ad one dram of Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg. When the Ulcer is more foul you must use greater clensers as Beets Pellitory of the wal in the aforesaid Decoction The strongest Clensers are Centaury Wormwood Gentian Brine or Pickle from Galen 12. Meth. Cap. 1. and the like the use of which is now very rare Zacutus Lucitanus durst use Arsenick and yet with good success as you may see Obs 18. Lib. 2. of his Admirable Practice of Physick Some Chymicks use of the Oyl of Wax in Clysters one dram and anoint the Belly with the same To glutinate or heal up the Ulcer first use gently Dryers in Clysters and a little astringent then such as are more drying and binding Therefore make them first of Chalybeat Milk in which Roses have been boyled or of Barley Water or Water of parched Rice and red Roses one pugil adding to both Clysters two Yolks of roasted Eggs somtimes Honey of Roses and when you will have it work better one ounce of the Juyce of Plantane To bind and glutinate more make it thus Take of the Roots of Comâ—bry and Mullein of each one ounce Plantane and Comâ—bry leaves of each one handful red Roses and parched Barley of each one pugil Myrtles two drams Make a Decoction in Cistern Water in one pint of the straining dissolve of Honey of Roses one ounce one white of an Egg or one ounce of the Mucilage of Gum Traganth Goats Suet two ounces the Juyce of Yarrow and Knot-grass one ounce Make a Clyster Take of Snakeweed Roots or Tormentil one ounce and an half Shepheards-purse Knot-grass Horstail and Mousear of each one handful Pomegranate flowers Acorn cups Cypress Nuts of each two drams parched Rice one pugil make a Dcoction in Forge Water in a pint of the straining dissolve two ounces of the Juyce of Plantane and two Yolks of roasted Eggs. Make a Clyster Angelus sala wonderfully commends the
contrary to the opening Faculty which they desire Moreover There is another wrong done to this Medicine when it is made in a Brass Kettle which leaves a malignant quality upon the Medicine for it is a known and vulgar saying among Apothecaries You must not boyl sharp things in Brass Vessels because they easily pierce and attract a noxious Tincture from them But the Crystals of Tartar are most sharp called by some Acidum Tartari or the sharpness of Tartar This Error is often made by Apothecaries and almost all they who make this Crystal themselves use Brass Vessels so that I have seen some Tartar look Skie-colored from the Verdugreece which it hath taken from the Copper Therefore Physitians shall do conscienciously honorably and for the good of their Patients if they cause their Apothecaries to make Crystal of Tartar themselves and in Glass Iron or Earthen Vessels glassed The Salt of Tartar hath great power to open Obstructions and may well be mixed with Apozems Opiates and opening Pills But the chief use of it is in a loosening Ptisan or Barley Water made of two drams of Senna infused in eight ounces of cold Water with one scruple or half a dram of Salt of Tartar by which the Tincture of the Senna will be powerfully extracted so that this Ptisan shal work better than any ordinary one and continued many daies it takes away all Obstructions we have seen Quartan Agues cured by the use of it fifteen daies together If you fear the sharpness of the Salt of Tartar you may correct it with the Spirit of Sulphur or of Vitriol putting fifteen drops of Spirit to half a dram of Salt You may find the use of the Spirit of Tartar in our Observations for the Cure of the Dropsie under the Title of a Diuretical Spirit Of Vitriol only the Oyl or Spirit is used in Apozemes Syrups and other Forms of Medicines This following Syrup which is good against all Obstructions of the Liver Mesentery and Veins may be for an Example by which many through continual Feavers falling into evil Habits and Dropsies have been perfectly cured Take of the Roots of Smallage Elicampane Sparagus Eringus of each one ounce Leaves of Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Dodder Carduus of each one handful the tops of Sea Wormwood and of the lesser Centaury of each half a handful Winter Cherries one ounce Spring Water six pints boyl them till two pints of the straining remain in which dissolve of the Juyce of Succory and Burnet refined of each one pint the juyce of Fumitory and Hops of each six ounces Fennel and Parsley juyce of each three ounces Vinegar of Squils one pint and an half white Sugar six pound make a Syrup to which add of the Oyl of Vitriol as much as will make it sharp of which let the Patient take three spoonfuls before Break-fast and as much before Dinner and Supper The Natural sharp Baths shew the Efficacy of Vitriol the use whereof is frequent and profitable in all Diseases coming of Obstructions But the Spirit of Vitriol mixed with the Salt or Spirit of Tartar is much commended by the Chymists and of them they make Tartar Vitriolate and that rare mixture of Spirit of Vitriol Tartar and Treacle which may be mixed with other openers Lastly There are divers Medicines made of Steel both by Galenists and Paracelsians which plainly opening Obstructions presently compel al men to use them even those who reject all Medicines made of Mettals as Enemies to our Natures These Medicines of Steel are made either in the Form of Wine Syrups Opiates Pills or Lozenges Steeled Wine is made thus Take of the Filings of Steel four ounces Eryngo Roots and Elicampane of each one ounce and an half yellow Sanders one ounce red Coral and shavings of Ivory of each six drams Cloves Nutmeg and Cinnamon of each two drams Flowers of Broom Rosemary and Epithimum of each two pugils the best white Wine six pints steep them eight daies in Balneo Mariae or behind an Oven then strain them through a Hippocras bag and let the Patient take two or three ounces every morning two hours before meat for fifteen daies or more if need require Or make it thus Take of Steel prepared with Sulphur one ounce Elicampane and the middle rind of Tamarisk of each half an ounce Senna three ounces Epithimum one ounce Foecula Brioniae and Cinnamon of each two drams Pouder of the three Sanders one dram and an half Agrimony Water and white Wine of each one pint Infuse them three daies in Balneo Mariae Let him take three or four ounces when it is strained three hours before meat Commonly they use the Infusion of Steel in white Wine or Claret for ordinary Drink with much Water for two or three months together You may make a Syrup of Steel thus Take of Filings of Steel steeped in Vinegar two ounces the inward rind of Tamarisk half an ounce Ceterach half a handful Cinnamon three drams Wormwood and Agrimony Water of each half a pint white Wine one pint Infuse them six daies in a warm place add to the staining Sugar one pound and an half make a Syrup Let the Patient take every morning two or three ounces For the Preparation aforesaid of Steel you must steep it in Vinegar in the Sun while the Vinegar is consumed three times and then grind it upon a Marble This Syrup may be made Purging and better if you dissolve the Sugar with a pint of Water wherein three ounces of Senna and half an ounce of Rhubarb have been steeped a whol night The Pouder of Steel is made thus taken out of Quercetan's Dispensatory Take of the shavings of Steel either commonly prepared or with Sulphur one ounce the faecula of the Root of Cuckow-pintle one dram and an half Amber-greece half a dram for the Poor a Cordial Species will serve instead of Ambergreece Coral and Pearl prepared of each two drams Amber prepared and Cinnamon of each four scruples Sugar as much as is sufficient to make a pleasant Pouder of which let him take half a spoonful or two drams with Wine for fifteen dayes Of the same Pouder and Sugar dissolve in Turnep Water and Confection Alkermes may be made very pleasant Lozenges to be taken as the former Or Take of Steel prepared with Brimstone half an ounce confection Alkermes two drams Ambergreece one scruple Sugar dissolved in Rose Water four ounces make Lozenges Let him take two drams every morning Instead of the Pouder the Extract of Steel may be used made in white Wine for those who are dainty Divers Opiates are made also of Steel these following are best Take of the conserve of the Flowers of Tamarisk and Maiden-Hair of each one ounce and an half conserve of the Roots of Elicampane six drams Steel prepared either with Sulphur or Vinegar one dram Salt of Tamarisk one dram Spirit of Vitriol half a scruple with the syrup of candied Citrons make an Opiate of which let him
take two or three drams every morning Or Take of the filings of Steel half a pound white Wine one Pint and an half mix them in a Glass set it to the fire let be boyled gently stirring it up and down till a scum arise then take the frothy and fat part of the Steel which is separated by the heat and put it with Wine into another Glass do thus four times adding fresh Wine heating and separating them set it on a gentle fire till it be hot and grow thick as Honey keep it for your use which is this Take of Steel so prepared six drams Parsley and Carrot seeds the species of Diacurcuma and Diarrhodon Abbatis of each one dram Cinnamon half a dram with clarified Honey make an Opiate of which take three drams or half an ounce every morning Or Take of Steel prepared with Brimstone one ounce the best Senna Rhubarb and Agarick of each two drams Diarrhodon Abbatis one dram Saffron one scruple with syrup of Roses solutive make an Opiate of which let him take two drams every morning for fifteen dayes three hours after meat Pills of Steel are as good as the rest and they may be made thus Take of Steel prepared with Brimstone half an ounce the best Aloes Senna Agarick and Rhubarb of each one dram Diarrhodon Abbatis half a dram Saffron half a scruple with syrup of Roses solutive make a mass of Pills of one dram whereof make six guilded Pills which give in the morning for fifteen dayes three hours afore meat To these Pills you may ad according to the kind of the Disease and the Patients occasion of Gum Ammoniack Sagapenum Opopanax Myrrh Gentian Birth-wort Mastich Nutmeg and the like In all Medicines made of Steel this is alwayes to be observed That Exercise be used after them as Walking to make the strength of the Medicine to go into the parts obstructed This Walking must befor two hours after after which give a little Broth in which opening Herbs and Roots have been boyled Besides al these Remedies the Chymists commend Mercurial Purges of Mercurius dulcis especially given with ordinary Pills or Extracts because Mercury doth violently penetrate and open Obstructions The Bezoard Mineral is very much commended and given with Mercurius dulcis You may give it thus made Take of Bezoard mineral twelve grains Mercurius dulcis six grains conserve of Roses one or two drams make a Bolus which must be given many dayes If there be an Obstruction of the Liver in a Chollerick body with a hot and dry distemper of the part then must you give cooling or temperate Openers which shal be shewed in the Cure of Flatus Hypochondriacus mentioned among the Diseases of the Spleen For his ordinary drink let him take Water and smal Wine wherein Steel hath been infused Or a weak Decoction of Tamarisk Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Burnet all or some with Wine Some commend the Infusion of the Wood against the Stone called Lignum Nephriticum for ordinary drink Others the Decoction of Eglentine or Sweet-bryer which opens very powerfully and strengtheneth and they say that many have been Cured of desparate Diseases by that alone But the Infusion of the filings of Steel made in white Wine or thin red Wine doth open better mixed with the aforesaid Waters or with ordinary Water for by this Medicine alone many Virgins have been Cured of the Green Sickness and this Wine wil work better if they take every morning two ounces of cleer Wine besides the ordinary drink Chap. 4. Of the Jaundice THe Jaundice is a yellow color of the whol Body coming of Choller spread over all the Skin It is therefore a Symptome of the Quality changed And now presently that vulgar difficulty which is controverted by almost all Writers offers it self namely That the yellow color in the Cornea doth immediately hurt the Sight making all objects appear yellow To which that I may answer in a word without circumstances I say That it is a disease in the encrease of Number for since the Cornea ought to be void of all color that it may let the Species of Objects pass through pure and unchanged if it have any preâ—ernatural color it hath a Disease in the encrease of Number that is more than what is necessary to the Natural Constitution thereof Authors do make two sorts of Jaundice Yellow and Black The Black proceeds from the Spleen and is very rare therefore here treating only of the Diseases of the Liver we will speak only of the Yellow Jaundice The spreading of Choller upon the Skin comes from many Causes which may be reduced to three Heads namely An Evil Disposition of the Liver An Obstruction of the Bag that contains the Gall And the malignity of the Chollerick Humor The Evil Disposition of the Liver is divers as Dstemper Inflamation Obstruction Schirrus and whatsoever may so weaken the part that Excrementitious Choller cannot be separated from the Blood but is with it distributed through the whol Body The Obstruction of the Bag or Cystis which contains the Gall hinders the passage of it into the Guts whereby it remains in the Liver and goes from thence with the Blood into the whol Body This Obstruction is either from gross Flegm or Choller abounding somtimes from little stones which are often bred in the Bag of Gall which may also be made narrow in the Passage by the compression of some part nigh unto it which is inflamed or schirrous The Evil of the Chollerick Humor consists either in the great quantity thereof which cannot be regulated by Nature nor be separated from the Mass of Blood or which so filleth the Bag of the Gall that it cannot contract it self to expel it or it consists in an evil quality which by corrupting of the Humors doth hinder their due Evacuation or stirs up Nature suddenly to cast it forth as you may observe in a Critical or Symptomatical Jaundice This Corruption happens in continual Chollerick Feavers as also after Poyson is taken or from the biting of some venemous Creature by which the whol Blood is turned into Choller The Signs of the Yellow Jaundice are manifest namely a yellow color through the whol Body especially in the white of the Eyes Also an itching and laziness bitterness of the Tongue somtimes Chollerick Vomitings and Hiccoughs The Signs of the Causes are to be taken from their proper Fountains for if the distemper of the Liver be hot this Disease comes from Inflamation Obstruction Schirrus or the like the knowledg of which is to be taken from their proper Chapters These things properly shew the Obstruction of the Bag of the Gall white Excrements and a Belly bound through the want of Choller which useth to make the Excrements yellow or red and to stir up the Expulsive Faculty of the Guts like a Clyster The Urine is very yellow inclining to red and if you put a Linnen clout therein it will dye it yellow If it come from the malignity
which Nature cannot govern nor sufficiently distribute into the Veins So Carolus Piso reports of a yong man that had a Tertian Ague and drinking Water exceedingly in his Fit fel into an Ascites from which by the taking of one Lozenge of Diacarthamum he was Cured by discharging the Water which was in the Abdomen but if he had continued drinking so much water any louger he had not been so easily Cured because it would have brought great obstructions and a cold distemper of the Bowels by reason of the loss of natural heat But it is questioned of many by what wayes that serous matter should be carried by the Veins into the Capacity of the Abdomen to whom we may plainly answer by saying from Hippocrates that in a living body al things are passing to and fro so that in time of necessity not only thin and serous Matter but also that which is very thick may be sent through the insensible passages So in a Pleurisie blood and matter wil pierce through the thick substance of the Pleura and Membrane which covers the Lungs and be spit forth at the mouth So in a Fracture of the Leg or Thigh which hapens without hurt to the Muscles and Skin the matter which floweth from the broken bone pierceth through the substance of the other parts and wets the boulsters and rowlers So also in a Dropsie often times a great quantity of Water is vented in one day by giving of Quicksilver which cannot be except the Water conteined in the Abdomen do pass through the Tunicles of the Guts Nor is the Objection of Fernelius of any force when he saith that Nature had in vain made so many open wayes if the Humors can pass through those invisible passages For we Answer That in an ordinary and natural motion of Humors ordained for the nourishment of the whol body those passages are necessary through which they may easily flow but in an extraordinary case provident Nature doth find out extraordinary wayes by which she may cast out hurtful Matter or at least send it to a place less dangerous Fernelius Objects again That in them who have died by a stoppage of Urine for twenty dayes together it was never perceived that any Water went through those blind passages We Answer That Nature doth not alwayes work the same way in preternatural Causes nor send hurtful Humors to the same places but especially to those parts which are more disposed to receive them through weakness So in the Suppression or Stoppage of Urine the Serous Humor flowes openly through the Veins and Arteries and fils them and if it find any part weaker than the rest it falls forceably upon it hence it is that some die of the hurt of one or other remarkable part So nothing hinders if the parts of the Abdomen in which the Veins and Arteries end be grown weak but that the Watery Humor may be sent into its capacity or hollowness Nor is that true which Fernelius would infer namely That a Dropsie never comes from suppression of Urine for Reason and Experience teacheth the contrary as we shewed afore in the Discourse of the Loss of Attraction in the Reins but you must observe that the Stoppage of the Urine doth make an increase of Water rather in the branches of the hollow Vein then of the Gate Vein or Vena Porta by which the watery Humor chiefly flows into the capacity of the Abdomen as appears by what followeth Therfore we may Answer this Question by saying That the water got into the hollow of the Abdomen by the insensible passages though there are also other manifest wayes by which it may pass Hippocrates Aph. 55. Sect. 7. hath shewed them for saith he they who have much Water about the Liver if it get into the Omentum or Kels their belly will be filled with Water and then they die The meaning of which Aphorism is though Galen did not plainly see it that the Water from the Liver doth flow into the Branches of the Vena Porta which go to the Omentum and when they are filled either by their Tunicles made thin by Diapedesis or Rarefaction or by the mouths of the Vessels being opened by Anastomosis the Water gets into the Cavity of the Abdomen This happens often in the Spleen also when it draws Water in abundance from the Stomach as appears by many sayings of Hippocrates and in lib. 4. de morbis he saith That Water may press from the Spleen to the Omentum or Kell in these words Drink is also carried into the Stomach with which when it is filled the Spleen takes it from thence and sends it to the Veins and the Omentum From which we may perceive That Water chiefly gets into the Abdomen by the Veins of the Omentum which are called Epiploicae and Gastrepiploicae although it may pass also through their Veins Besides the aforesaid Causes of a Dropsie which are more ordinary there are mentioned by Authors some less usual confirmed by Observation and these come from the disorder of some peculiar part not only of the Liver and Spleen but also of the Mesentery Sweet-bread Stomach Guts Reins Bladder and Womb namely when the Homiosis or faculty to convert nourishment into themselves is hurt from sâ—me great Disease so that their proper nourishment is corrupted and turned into Water So Galen Comment Aph. 55. Sect. 7. saith that watery Bladders are somtimes in the out-side of the Liver which being broken send Water downwards into the Cavity of the Abdomen the encrease whereof breeds a Dropsie Fernelius supposeth that the Liver being very dry hath clefts like the parched Earth and that through them there flows a constant Water which fills the Cavity of the Abdomen Others say that a Dropsie may come from the Guts if they be perforated or pierced through and yet the Patient dieth not presently but a watery Humor still flows through them into the Cavity It comes also from the Kidneys if they be much Ulcerated and water flow from them So Platerus reports of one that in a Dropsie had many Ulcers in both Kidneys from whence both matter and water flowed into the Cavity There is also a Story in Sennertus taken out of John Heinzius of a certain Woman who had a Dropsie from the distemper of the Womb whose Bowels were all sound except the Testicles or Stones which were found to be swollen as big as the Head of a new-born Child being blew hollow and full of Ulcers from which there came a serous Matter which caused the Dropsie The Dropsie called Tympanites hath its name from Tympanum a Drum because the Abdomen is stretched out like a Drum and if you strike it with your hand it sounds like it This stretching comes from wind shut up in the Cavity of the Abdomen But somtimes this wind is in the Cavity of the Guts which Platerus observed saying in some that have been thought to die of a Tympany after they were opened have
had no wind coming forth of the Cavity of the Belly neither did their Bellies but their Guts sink especially the thin Guts which were so stretched with wind that they came forth so rouled together that they could not be again thrust into the Belly But we must observe that the wind which causeth a Tympany is seldom contained in the Belly alone but for the most part mixed with Water as in an Ascites not only Water but Wind also is contained and both these Dropsies have their name of that which predominateth if there be more wind than water it is a Tympany but if more water than wind an Ascites but if they be equal it is between both â—o that we may doubt whether that Dropsie be a Tympany or an Ascites The Material Cause of Wind is a crude Humor and thick whether it be Flegm or Melancholly which being stirred and made thin by heat sends forth thick vapors which are hard to be dissolved and these are called Flatus This Crude and thick Humor is partly in the Stomach and Guts but especially between the Membranes of the Midriff and Guts from whence it is more hard to be moved than from the Cavity of the parts aforesaid The 11. Aph. Sect. 6. of Hippocrates makes this very probable They who have pains and gripings about the Navel and Loyns which cannot be removed have a dry Dropsie For because the Mesentery is joyned to the Guts by the fore part and to the Loyns by the hinder part we may easily perceive that the pains which reach from the Navil to the Loyns come from the Mesentery Besides The greatness of the pain shews that the Cause is deep in the substance of the part and cannot be removed For if it were in the Cavity of the Stomach and Guts it would easily be remedied Concerning the Efficient Cause Authors differ some say from a cold some from a hot distemper They which accuse a cold distemper think they have Galen on their side who saies that wind is bred of a weak heat To whom we answer That heat may be said to be weak in respect of the Matter which cannot be discussed or dissolved thereby But this is to be imputed to the Matter which is rather defective than the Heat which is commonly too great and Preternatural And we must acknowledg with the Learned That a burnt Melanchollick Humor is most fit to breed a Tympany which proceedeth from the parching heat of the Bowels which heat doth stir that Matter and produceth from it thick vapors that are hard to be dissolved The Dropsie called Anasarca comes of a Flegmatick Humor spread through the whol Body and therefore the Body is swoln and white from whence the Disease is called Leucophlegmatia This Flegm comes from a cold Liver which instead of good Blood produceth crude and flegmatick which when it cannot be turned into the substance of the parts leaveth the crude part that is unfit for Nourishment upon them and makes them swell hence comes Anasarca or Leucophlegmatia This Disease beginning is called Cachexia or an evil Habit and turns into Leucophlegmatia from which it differs but in degree The Antecedâ—nt Causes are all things that cool the Liver too much and hinder its Concoction as too much cold and moist Diet the stopping of the Terms or Hemorrhoids Obstructions cold Tumors Scirrhus and large bleeding and other great Evacuations by which the Native heat is diminished The Signs of a Dropsie and every sort of it may be known by what hath been said In an Ascites you may know that there is water in the Abdomen by its greatness lost Swelling and broad and if you press the sides you shall easily hear a noise of Water and when the Patient turns from one side to the other and then the whol Belly lieth as it were on that side then the Feet and Cods swell but the higher part grow less the Urine is little and thick somtimes red because there goes but little water to the Reins and Bladder and staies long there by which means it becomes red and thick In the progress or encrease of the Disease there is difficulty of Breathing by reason of the abundance of water which lieth upon the Diaphragma or Midriff especially when the Patient lieth down and therefore he is forced to stand or sit most usually There is a troublesom thirst from the saltness of the Humor with which the Stomach swimmeth And lastly there is a constant lingering Feaver from the corruption of the Water which at length doth corrupt all the Bowels swimming therein In a Tympany the Belly being strook sounds like a Drum the Bulk of the Belly is less burdensom than in an Ascites There were formerly pains about the Navel and Reins when the Patient lieth with his face upwards his Belly remains hard and stretched forth nor doth it turn aside when he turneth himself Lastly In an Anasarca not only the Belly Thighs and Leggs but also the Hands Arms Breast Face and whol Body swel and wheresoever you thrust your finger upon it it will pit and leave an impression The color of the Skin is pale and Earthy the Flesh soft and loose the Water thin and white breathing difficultly and somtimes a lingering Feaver As to the Prognostick Every Dropsie is dangerous and hard to be cured and the more hard by how much the elder but Anasarca is least dangerous but Ascites and Tympany are somtimes one more dangerous than another according to their Causes So if Ascites come from a Scirrhus of the Liver or Ulcer of some internal part it is more dangerous than a Tympany but if it come of drinking too much Water or new Obstructions it is less dangerous A Dropsie is more easily cured in Servants than in Free-men in Country men than in Noble men for they will be better constrained to abstain from Drink and the like and be more patient than they who have liberty A Dropsie from the hardness of the Spleen is less dangerous than from the hardness of the Liver because the Spleen is not so Noble a part A Dropsie coming upon an acute Disease is evil nor will it abate the Feaver but cause pain and death Hipp. 2. Prognost They whose Liver being full of water discharge it into the Omentum or Caul their Belly is filled with Water and they die Hipp. Aph. 55. Sect. 7. He who hath Water between the Skin or an Anasarca if that water which is in the Veins flows into the Belly the disease is cured Hipp. Aph. 14. Sect. 6. This Aphorism seems coutrary to the former But this contrariety is answered by saying that Hippocrates in the former by Belly understood the Cavity of the Abdomen but in this Belly its self for if the water flow through the Belly the Disease is at an end Which Opinion is more clearly explained by Hippocrates in Coacis in these words In the beginning of a Dropsie if there come a flux of the belly without
the Roots of Danewort and Elder of each one ounce Elicampane Roots half an ounce dry Wormwood and Dodder of Time of each one pugil clean Senna one ounce Soldanella or Sea-foal-foot two drams the Troches of Rhubarb and Agrimony of each one dram Mace and Cinnamon of each half a dram Scammony four scruples white Wine two pints and an half Infuse them three daies in Balneo Mariae the vessel being well stopped keep it without straining Let him take two or three ounces in the morning twice or thrice in a week Among Medicines for drawing forth of Water the Juyce of French Flowerdeluce is very much commended if it be drawn forth with white Wine it may be given to three ounces it provoketh stool and urine very powerfully But because it is very offensive to the mouth and stomach with its sharpness it useth to be mixed with Manna or Honey Massaria gives it thus Take of Juyce of Flowerdeluce newly drawn with white Wine three ounces the best Manna one ounce and an half Mix them for a Potion Platerus in his Observations I gave saith he to one in a Dropsie of the Juyce of Flowerdeluce to drink with Honey two ounces and he often pissed and purged and after he had taken it twice or thrice his Belly ceased swelling and his Feet and he was cured Rhubarb is commended of some because it purgeth noxious Humors and strengtheneth the Liver And Stocherus saith that he cured many with the use of Rhubarb given every third or fourth day one or two drams in an opening Decoction Also in Scoltzius his Epistles there is a famous Story of one who was cured of a Dropsie only by the use of Rhubarb which he took every day in such a quantity as was necessary to purge The Troches of Rhubarb are much commended by all Authors And Mathaeus de Gradi reports that a certain Duke of Orleans was cured with them alone taking two drams twice in a week Michael Paschalius saith that he cured a Dropsie with the same making them into Pills by reason of their bitterness The Chymists commend the Extract of black Hellebore Aquila Coeleftis and Mercurius vitae and they mix them with other vulgar Medicines from whence followeth a plentiful Evacuation of Water But they had need of strong Bodies who take them Mercurius dulcis works most gently and Mercurius Diaphoreticus But Antimonium Diaphoreticum cures without manifest Evacuation if it be calcined with Salt-Peter till it be white but the Diaphoretick or Sweating Medicine made of the Butter of Antimony cures all kinds of Dropsies best But you must observe in the giving of all sorts of Purges That they especially if strong are not to be given often as Galen teacheth Lib. 9 Cata Topous because they weaken the body and then there will more water be bred afterwards Therefore you must prescribe strengtheners and openers oftener than purgers And Experience teacheth us That the Evacuation by Urine in this Disease hath better success than that by stool Instead of Purgers you may give Clysters which discuss wind purge water and take down the belly made thus Take of Mallows Mercury and red Coleworts of each one handful Soldanella or wild Mercury half a handful Annis Caraway and Dill seeds of each three drams Chamomel Melilot French Lavender and Broom flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint In the straining dissolve of Diacatholicon one ounce Hiera Picra half an ounce Oyl of Dill and Lillies and of common Honey of each two ounces Make a Clyster twice in a week Or Take of very sowr Leaven half an ounce common Salt one pugil Boyl them in as much Water as is sufficient strain it and add to it the Vrine of a Child four ounces Oyl of Rue three ounces Clarified Honey one ounce Make a Clyster This Valeriola commends highly This following Clyster brings forth Water in abundance Take of Coloquintida one dram Infuse it for a night in three ounces of white Wine when it is strained add thereto Tripe Broth one pint common Oyl two ounces Salt-Peter melted one ounce strong Vinegar one spoonful make a Clyster Or Take of the Pulp of Coloquintida one dram Clean Bran one handful boyl them in white Wine for a Clyster Or Take of Carthamus seeds one ounce the best Agarick half an ounce the pulp of Coloquintida three drams Centaury the less Germander and both the Wormwoods of each half a handful boyl them to a pint In the straining dissolve of Oyl of Chamomel Rue and Capars of each one ounce Honey of Roses two ounces make a Clyster Or Take of the Emollient Decoction one pint thick vomiting Wine the Infusion of Crocus metallorum four ounces Diaphoenicon one ounce make a Clyster Blood-letting here is for good Reason omitted except the Disease come from stoppage of the Terms or Hemorrhoids And then you must not bleed except it be in the beginning of the Disease before the Liver be grown too cold Issues Blisters and Scarrifications use to cause Gangrenes or mortifications in a Dropsie because the heat of the part being smal is quickly extinguished Therefore it is better wholly to abstain from these kind of Remedies although somtimes they have done some people good Paracentesis or cutting of the Skin is seldom to be used because few are cured thereby especially because the Patients or their kindered will not yield to it before the Disease is confirmed and the Bowels are so putrefied that there is no hope Therefore for the most part they die the second or third day after they are cut The wiser sort will have the Incision made in the beginning or encrease of the Disease before the Bowels are corrupted Neither is it necessary at that time because the disease being smal may more safely be cured with other Medicines Among emptying Medicines Sweatings are accounted most profitable which as they are alwaies good in Anasarca so in a Tympany or Ascites they somtimes hurt namely when driness of the Liver which is usual causeth the Disease Moreover it is commonly impossible to make men in Dropsies sweat But if the Liver be not dry Sweats are good in all kinds of Dropsies especially when they decline to discuss the reliques of the watery Humor by the Habit of the Body So Valeriola reports that he cured an Ascites with a Decoction of Guajacum given fourty daies together It is good to make the Decoction with steeled Water and Wine The Chymicks commend Antimonium Diaphoreticum Martinus Rulandus makes a Sudorifick of Juniper Berries which because they are forceable to provoke Urine may do good both waies It is thus made Take of Juniper berries bruised three handfuls Sack as much as is sufficient boyl them to halfs and give two ounces every morning covering warm after it Horatius Reserus in Scholtzius boasteth that he hath cured many Boyes and some Women of the Anasarca with Syrup of St. Ambrose which is a Sudorifick Its description is in an old Dispensatory called Luminare
let the Patient take it twice or thrice in a month The ordinary Pils mentioned in the Cure of the stoppage of the Liver are most excellent to which you may add the Medicines there mentioned of Tartar Vitriol and Steel Zacutus Lusitanus Observ 99. Lib. 2. reports of a certain Woman which had the Green-sickness ten yeers with stoppage of her Terms and could not be cured with divers opening and purging Medicines and some made of Steel that he cured her with nothing but Conserve of Mugwort given thirty daies together drinking after it the distilled Water of Savin in which Rhubarb had been a whol night insused The same Zacutus Observ 117. Lib. 3. tels of a Virgin which eating much Salt every day felinto a Diarrhoea of Choller mixed with a Consumption which he cured after general Medicines with Goats Milk steeled and cold things applied to the Liver In the greatest Obstructions an Issue made in the right or left Legg as the Liver or Spleen is affected is very good After the Obstructions are opened you must diseuss the flegm like serous humors that remain in the Veins and in the habit of the Body by sweats for which you must use the Decoction of Guajacum in cold Constitutions or of China and Sarsa in those that are hot for fifteen or twenty daies with this Caution That every fourth or fifth day you give a Purge to clense the Bowels of Humors which cannot be sent forth by sweat and which if they continue wil grow hard and putrefie and be the occasion of Feavers and other Diseases For this Purpose you may use Brimstone Baths both for drink and bathing for by the drinking thereof when the passages are first open by the Medicines aforesaid the Humor that is contained in the first and second Region of the Body is clensed and sent forth by the belly and urine and the third Region is clensed by sweating in them And lastly Copulation if it may be legally done after the use of opening Medicines is very good for thereby the Natural heat is stirred up in parts Natural by which the Vessels of the Womb are much enlarged And Experience teacheth that somtimes these Women have their Terms the first night after Marriage and that others who in good health have them before their accustomed time Chap. 2. Of the stoppage of the Terms THe Terms are said to be stopped when in a Woman ripe of Age which gives not suck and is not with Child there is a seldom smal or no evacuation of blood by the Womb which used to be every month The cause of this stoppage is either in the Womb or in its Vessels or in the blood which comes or ought to come that way Divers Diseases of the Womb may cause this Disease namely a cold Distemper and dry which thickeneth and bindeth the Body of the Womb or a hot and dry distemper by drying the part or burning up the nourishment thereof from whence come evil humors which being fastened in the part hinder the Terms from flowing Also the Organical Diseases of those parts as inflamation or scirrhus the turning of the inward mouth thereof or compression from the Tumors of the parts adjacent or the Omentum or Caul growing too thick The thickness of the Womb it self Ulcer or Scars which they leave or from the tearing of the Cotyledones or Mouths of the Vessels in a great Abortion The Vessels of the Womb do often suffer Obstruction which is the chief cause of stopping of the Terms and they come from cold and thick Humors somtimes there is a suppression of those Veins by binding of them and that is from the parts adjacent being stretched and swoln as we said in the binding or closing of the Womb. The blood offending either in quantity quality or motion may be cause of the obstruction of the Courses It offends in quantity when it is too much or too little too much when it stretcheth out the Veins so that they cannot contract themselves to expel it as in the bladder when it is too full of Urine it cannot contract it self to send it forth too little when the Body hath not blood enough to nourish it The blood offends in quality when it is thicker and more slimy of its own Nature by reason of the cold distemper of the Liver and other parts or from the mixture of thick and flegmatick or melanchollick humors from whence commonly Obstructions come The blood offends in motion when it passeth other waies as by the Nose vomiting spittle urine hemorrhoids and many other parts I saw a Maid who had a Sore in her head which opened every month and bled plentifully and we have seen many that have sent forth blood at fixed times by their Lungs and this evacuation was instead of a Menstrual flux The external Causes are cold and dry Air Northern winds often going into cold water especially in the time of their flux too little or two much meat either too thick and cold or too astringent also hot things as too much Salt and Spice by drying of the substance of the Liver and other parts and by drying up the blood by which it groweth thick and fit to stop violent exercise and watchings which do consume the blood long sleep and idleness which do weaken the Natural heat and cause Crudities too long retaining of Excrements by usual bleeding at the Nose Hemorrhoids Diarrhoea and other evacuations by vomit urine or sweat and lastly great passions of the mind anger sudden fear sorrow jealousie and the like The Knowledge of this is to be taken from the Patients relation but because it comes either from Natural or Preternatural Causes we shal lay down some distinguishing signs left the Physitian be deceived by Women that would dissemble their being with Child and left he should rashly prescribe Medicines to provoke Terms to Women with Child First If they be with Child they have commonly their Natural Complexion but others are pale and ill colored Secondly The Symptomes which Women with Child have at the first do dayly decrease but in others stoppage of the Terms by how much the longer the Terms stop by so much the more the Symptomes encrease Thirdly In Women with Child after the third Month you may perceive the Scituation and Motion of the Infant by laying your hand upon the inferior Belly in others there is a Tumor to be felt but it is oedematous or flegmatick not hard neither is it proportionable to the Womb. Fourthly If a wise Midwife touch the inward Mouth of the Womb it will not be so close shut as in women with Child but rather hard and contracted and full of pain Fiftly Women with Child are commonly merry and little disturbed but when the Terms are otherwise stopped they are sad and sorrowful The Signs of the Causes are these The faults of the Womb which use to cause stoppage of the Terms shal be laid down in the following Chapters but the greatest
one foot or when it endeavors to come forth doubled with its breech or its belly foremost In regard of the Childs Adjuncts or certain things belonging to the Child difficulty of Travail happens when those membranes which enclose the Child are more thin than ordinary so that they come to break sooner than they should whence followed an over quick effusion of the waters conteined therein whereupon the mouth of the Womb remaines dry at the time of the exclusion of the Infant or where the foresaid Membranes are more thick and compact than ordinary by which means the Child is hardly able to breake them External Causes depend upon things necessary and things contingent the things necessary are such as Physitians commonly call res non naturales things not natural So a cold and dry air and the Northern-wind are very hurtfull to women in travail because they straiten the whol Body drive the Blood and spirits inwards and prove very destructive to the Infant coming forth of so warm a place as the Womb. Also air more hot than ordinary dissipates the spirits and exhausts the strength both of Mother and Child easily introduceing a feaverish Inflammation into a Body replenished with ill humors and exagitated Meates raw and hard to digest or of an astringent quality taken in a large Quantity before the time of travail may render the same laborious the stomach being weakened and the common passages stopped which in this case ought to be very free and open Sleepyness and Sottishess do slacken the endeavours both of the Mother and the Child and shew nature to be weak Unseasonable stirring of the woman doth much delay the Birth of the Child whenas she refuses to stand to walk lie down or to sit upon the Midwifes stoole as need shall require or when she is unduely agitated to and fro whence it comes to pass that the Child cannot lâ—â—ue in a sitting posture or looses the good posture it had by reason of the Mothers undue and disorderly moveing her self The retention of Excrements at the time of Travail as of Urin distending the Bladder of hard excrements in the streight Gutt and hemorrhoids much Swelled do straiten the neck of the Womb and divert nature from her endeavour of expelling the Child And in a word vehement Passions of mind as Fear Sadness Anger may very much encrease the difficulty of Child birth To things contingent are referred Blowes Falls wounds which may very much hinder the Birth hereunto likewise appertain the parties assistant in time of travail to help the labouring woman viz. strong women and maid servants which may lift her up and support her when she is in her labours and especially an expert Midwife which ought to mannage the whol Business For if the Midwife err in her office it is wont to cause difficulty of Birth For sometimes the Midwises do over soon exhort the Childing woman to hold their breath and to strain themselves to exclude their Child while the bands which fasten the Child to the Womb are as yet unloosed by which means the strength of the woman is wasted before hand which should have bin reserved to the just time of her travail Yea and the truth is while the Midwifes do oversoon perswade the Childing women that the time of their travail is at hand they bend all their strength to exclude the Child and oftentimes violently break those bands with which the Child is fastened and cast themselves into no small Jeopardy Hard Travail is known both by the Childing woman and by the Assistants but especially by the Midwife And in the first place if the woman continue a longer time than ordinary in her Labors as two three four or more daies whereas a truly natural Child-birth ought to be accomplished within the space of 24. Houres Again it is a Sign of an hard Labor if the womans paines be weak and are long before they return and if her paines are more about her Back than Privities And the Causes of hard travail are known by relation of the Childing woman and are for the most part evidently to be seen So the weakness of the woman her over leanness or over fatness is perceived by the habit of her Body Diseases of the Womb are known by their proper Signes The Childs weakness is known by its weak and slow moving it self But the Signes of a dead Child shall be declared in the next Chapter The greatness of the Child may be gathered from the stature of the Parents especially when a big-Bodyed man is matched with a little woman But when there are none of these Signes and the woman labours stoutly and the Child stirrs and makes its way sufficiently and yet the travail is hard and painful it is a token that the secundine or After-birth is stronger than ordinary and can hardly be broken which conjecture is more probable if no water or moisture come from the woman dureing her Labors The disorderly posture of the Child is perceived by the Midwife and the other Causes are visible to the Eye as we said before As for the Prognostick Hard-Travail is of it self dangerous in which sometimes the Mother sometimes the Child and sometimes both do loose their lives If a woman be four daies in Labor it s hardly possible the Child should live Sleepy diseases and convulsions which befall a woman in Travail are for the most part deadly Sneezing which befalls a woman in sore Travail is good Out of Hippocrates in his Aphorismes To cure difficulty in Child-birth first all causes which may delay the birth are as much as may be to be removed And afterwards such Medicines as further the Birth are Methodically to be administred And in the first place it is common among the women to give a groaning wife a spoonfull or two of Cinnamon Water Or Cinnamon it self in Pouder with a little Saffron may be given or half a dram of Consectio Alkermes may be drunk in a little Broath Also Saffron alone being given ten graines in every Mess of Broath the woman takes or every hour being taken in a little Wine is very good Or. Take Oyl of sweet Almonds and White Wine of each two ounces Saffron and Cinnamon of eath twelve graines Confectio Alkermes half a dram Syrup of Maiden Hair one ounce and an half Mix all and make thereof a potion If this shall not suffice but that stronger things must be used the following potion wil be most effectual which I have had frequent experience of Take Dictamnus Cretensis both the Birthworts and Trochiscs or Cakes of Myrrh of each half asc uple Saffron and Cinnamon of each twelve grains Confectio Alkermes half a dram Cinnamon Water half an ounce Orange-flower and Mugwort Water of each an ounce and an half Make all into a potion Among the more effectual sort of Medicaments are numbred Oyl of Amber Oyl of Cinnamon and extract of Saffron which do in a little quantity work â—â—ch viz. Extract of Saffron
are to be used as do revel the Blood into the superior parts as rubbings and bindings of the upper parts Cupping-glasses fastened under the short Ribs on either side It is good likewise to bath the Patients hands in hot Wine in which Confectio Alkermes or Venice Treacle hath been dissolved Also let her Belly be moderately swathed with a Rowler or Swath-band because hereby the Vessels of Blood will be pressed together and the immoderate flux hindered Let Linnen Cloths be applied to her Loyns moistened with a mixture of Water and Vinegar by which the blood contained in the Vena Cava is tempered and the motion thereof hindered If the flux be very immoderate and weaken the Patient so that there is danger of Death we must have speedy recourse to stronger Remedies Among the rest this following Potion hath commonly good success Take Waters of Plantane Orange flowers and Roses of each one ounce Syrup of Corals or where it is wanting of red Roses one ounce Sal Prunella one dram Dragons blood ten grains Make all into a Potion If the flux do yet continue a Pouder or an Electuary for divers Doses may be prescribed after this manner Take Blood-stone four scruples Pouder of Bole-Armoniack red Coral prepared Pearls of each one dram Seeds of Plantane Coriander prepared and grains of Sumach of each two scruples Mix all and make them into a most fine Pouder of which let her take one dram with the Decoction of Knotgrass and Syrup of Quinces Take Conserves of Roses and of Comfrey Roots of each one ounce Bole-Armoniack Troches de Carabe and prepared coral of each one dram with syrup of coral or of dried red Roses make all into an Electuary of which let her take the Quantity of a Chestnut drinking a little of her ordinary drink after it Also a fomentation and an Oyntment will profitably be applied outwardly made after this manner Take Topps of the red Mastich or Lentisch Plantane Cypress Olive and Solomons Seal of each one handfull Red Rose Leaves two pugills Myrtle Berries one ounce and an half Cypress-Nuts six Peels of Pomgranates two pugils Boyl all in Steel-quenched Water and astringent harsh red Wine and with the strained Liquour bath the Privie Parts very lukewarm and almost coldish Take of the Countesses Oyntment or Uuguentum Comitissae two ounces Jâ—yce of Plantane one ounce worke them together into one Oyntment to be used after the fomentation Also an Injection may be made of the Juyce of Plantane into the Womb commended by Galen in the fifth Book of his Method or of the Decoction of the foresaid fomentation Other remedies not helping to open a vein in the Arm is a present Cure if the Blood be drown out in distant spaces of time for experience hath taught that many women given over as it curable have by this means recovered And finally the disease still remaining all Medicines prescribed for the immoderate flux of the monthly courses may be used in this Case likewise And among the Medicines for immoderate Courses Cataplasmes were propounded to be applied to the share and Loines unto which the following Cataplasm or pultis may be added very good for all immoderate fluxes of Blood but especial for these Child-Bed Purgations Take Pure Soot from the Chimney not mixt with Dart eight ounces work it lustily with the strongest Vineger and make a pultis to be applied to the Reines of the Back And it is here specially to be noted touching sleep that while the Blood flowes plentifully the woman must not be suffered to sleep for many by that means are taken away because the natural heat retiring inward causes the flux to be greater And if sleep in such a case cannot be avoided some must be alwaies by of the servants to feel her pulse and mark how she fetches her Breath In a word if clotters of Blood do settle in the Womb and cause a pain and stretching therein endeavour must be used speedily to bring it out least coming to putrefy they transmit filthy vapours to the Brain and Heart and cause a feaver Therefore the Childing woman if strong enough ought to walk gently or stand bolt upright for some time together or to sit upon the groaning Chair as if she had list to stool And if this suffice not the clotters are to be dissolved with a warm Decoction of French Barly and a little Oxymel or honey of Roses injected into the Womb. But here we must go warily to work least while we bring out the clotters the flux of Blood be afresh provoked Chap. 22. Of Suppression of Child-bed Purgations THe good and happy success of Child-bearing doth especially depend upon the convenient and orderly flux of the Loches or Child-bed Purgations seeing the Impurities which have bin collected in the veins of the Womb during the nine months time of the womans Belly-bearing are wont to be avoided by these evacuations but if they be suppressed wholly or diminished insinite Dangers and Calamities arise thereby viz. acute Feavers Phrenzies Madness Melanchollies Squinzâ—es Pleurisies Inflammations of the Lungs and other swellings which are for the most part malignant The Cause of this supression or imminution are the thickness of the Blood narrowness or obstruction of the vessells which hinders the free egress of the Blood cold air heedlesly received into the Womb which closes the Orifice of the vessels taking cold at the feet drinking of small cold Drink fear Affrightment sadness and other Passions of the mind which withdraw the Course of the Blood from the Womb. This Suppression is manifest of it self and the diminution thereof is not to be judged by the Quantity which comes away because some women have more superfluous blood and some less But the perfect knowledg thereof is gathered from the supervenient Symptoms such as are a swelling of the Belly a pain possessing the nethermost part of the Belly the Loines and Groines redness of face difficulty or breathing perturbation of the Eyes shivering fits Feavers Fainting fits and other Symptomes related before The Prognostick is drawn out of the Symptomes propounded as supervenient to this Disease for they being for the most part dangerous the cause from which they spring must needs be very dangerous likewise Childing women are freed from the foresaid danger if some other evacuation happen which may at least in some measure supply the desect of these purgations as Bleeding at the Nose or by the hemorrhoid veins plenty of Urine with a sooty setling or plentiful sweating Or if after some daies Lead-colored black and stinking matter begin to flow forth But it is to be feared lest by the corrupt blood ulcers should be bred in the womb The whol Cure of this Malady consists in the provocation of these Purgations which must be endeavored by such Medicines as provoke the Course of the Blood downwards and open the Vessels of the Womb. And in the first place Emollient Purging and Opening Clysters are to be administred made after
as an Inflamation or Ulcer or putrefaction of some Humor contained therein or finally the corruption of the Member it self which are wont to cause a lingring Feaver and an hectick Of these Infirmities peculiarly possessing some certain Members of the Body and causing an Hectick we have Examples manifest enough For as for what concerns Inslamations Galen saith he saw a woman that by reason of an Inflamation in her Midrif fel into an Hectick Feaver And we dayly observe in the Consumption of the Lungs or Phthisis a complicated Hectick Feaver The putrefaction of Humors contained in some bowel fals out in great obstructions or cold swellings The corruption of some Member is often seen in the Lungs somtimes in the Liver in such men as are given to Wine and who use much hot Spices for a certain filthy corrupt blood is bred in their Liver by which the substance thereof is corupted Fernelius saies he somtimes met with this kind of Feaver and that it is a sign thereof when the Patients extreamly covet Wine but abominate all kind of Flesh A Simple Hectick Feaver is known because it is continual without any â—its allwaies alike neither encreasing nor decreasing save that it is somwhat augmented an hour two or three after Meat The heat under the short Ribs is at first laying on the hand mild afterward sharp biting and dry The Pulse is little frequent and quick the sick perceive not any Feaver they are lazy and loath to stir and when they stir it is with Pain because their strength is in a languishing condition Their arteries are hotter than the Parts circumjacent which may be preceived by the touch after the Patient hath washed in cold Water The Urin is like that of one in health both in point of color and sediment In the progress of the Disease Oyly substance Swims on the top and the sediment is like to Meal which is sign that the substance of the Body doth melt More particularly we may know not only the several degrees of an hectick but foresee it before it comes after this manner An hectick Feaver at hand is known if the causes have preceded viz. if there have been a burning Feaver in a body naturally hot dry and of a thin contexture in an hot season of weather it is to be Feared the Patient wil fal into an hectick and such remedies as may prevent the same are to be used The first degree of an Hectick Feaver if it be Joyned with a putrid Feaver is very hardly known if it be alone not very easily In the first day there are al the signes of Febris Ephemera In the second the dryness is augmented not the heat On the third day it repeats not it is not evidently augmented nor diminished And at length one hour or two after Meat the Heat seems somwhat encreased In the second degree the Patient perceives no Feaverishness only some alterations after Meals There is a manifest dryness a smaller and swifter Pulse with a certain hardness The signs of the third degree are most manifest the Eyes are hollow dry and have dry excrements in them the bones evidently stick out the lively colour of the Face is extinguished the whol Skin is dry the Midrif vehemently contracted so that the Patients seem to have no Guts Their Pulse is perceived under the stomach in all extenuated persons And because a putrid Feaver is many times coupled with an Hectick they are both exactly to be distinguished because it is of great moment in regard of the Cure which in this case is very much differing Now this coupling may be known by Comparing the signs of an Hectick propounded with the signs of a putrid Feaver which shall be hereafter described in their proper place The first degree of an Hectick Feaver is easily Cured the third is incurable the second is of a middle Nature and look how much the nearer it approaches to the first or third by so much is it easier or harder to be Cured An Hectick Feaver happens most commonly from the eighteenth yeer to the thirty five for in that Age the Heat is most intense and soonest consumes the Body But they who before this Age or a little after are taken with an Hectick Feaver do more easily escape and are somtimes Cured perfectly or by a palliative Cure their life is protracted a long time especially if they be Women For the Cure of this Disease we must first consider whether it depend upon any Diseaseof some particular Part or not for then the Cure must be directed to that Disease as also if it be single or combined or complicated with a putrid Feaver And in this case the putrid Feaver is first to be Cured by Bleeding Purging and by Opening Medicaments and such as hinder putrefaction the Hectick Feaver in the mean while not being neglected But if the Hectick Feaver be single and alone the Cure must be effected only with cooling moistening and restaurative things the matter of must be taken from Diet and Medicine Diet here as in all Chronick Diseases can do much nay in this Disease it can do more than all Medicines Therefore the Patients Diet must be by the Physitian exactly ordered viz. That it may be directed so as to cool and moisten the whol Body If therefore the Air where the Patient is be moderately cold or temperate let him use the same if not let it be corrected so as that it may cline to cold and moist For this Reason Galen in the 10. of his Method Chap. 8. in the Summer when the Air is hot orders the sick to abide in a Room under the Ground that is very cold and blown through with the Wind open towards the North. By which Remedy alone we have seen a man extreamely consumed restored within a month Again the heat of the Air in the Patients Chamber must be altered by cold Water being powred out of one vessel into another by the very noise whereof Sleepis caused also by moistening the Pavement often with cold Water Sprinckled thereupon or by cooling Hearbs oftentimes fresh strowed therein and by forbidding any number of people to come in which among other things doth likewise heat the Chamber And Galen gives order that when the Air is coldest it should be received by the sick namly by drawing it in by the mouth because it exceedingly cools the heat of the heart but it is not good for the Body of the sick least it stop the pores of the Skin and hinder the breathing forth of excrements But Galen affirmes that the breathing in of the cool Air doth the Patients more good than they can receive hurt by the stopping of their pores if that should happen but that may be hindered by warm cloathing of the Body Yet it is to be observed that if the Hectick Feaver ariâ—e from an Ulcer in the Lungs that the cold Air is not good in that respect but rather temperate a little inclining to heat and dry For
on the Well-day but without sweating Somtimes also the Length of Tertian Agues arises from the evil disposition of some of the Bowels especially of the Liver and Melentery which cannot be Cured by purgations though never so oft repeated because that evil Quality remaining stil in the Liver causes new Morbifick Matter daily to breed which produces new Fits Which evil Disposition or Quality of the Bowels is taken away by Diureticks Sudorosicks and other resolving Medicaments With which faculties these following simples are endued viz. Wormwood Centory Carduuâ— Roots of Dictamnus of pimpernel Tormentil c. Of which are made Decoctions Pouders and such like which must be given for divers daies together before the Fit A dram of Uenice Treacle is ordinarily given with white Wine before the Fit three times one after another Some give a walnut preserved in Sugar or Honey after the same manner When the Heat of Uenice Treacle is feared it is at first given by it self and a draught of plantain-Plantain-Water is given after it My Master Varandaeus did often use this as a Specifick Medicine A Cup of Hippocras given before the Fit wil work the same effect with which pleasant Medicine many have been Cured Yet must it carefully be observed that these remedies must not be given till the Patient hath been diligently Purged Zechius Frequently used these following Pils which are most effectual for opening Obstructions strengâ—hening the Liver and taking away the distempers of the Bowels Take Treches of Rhubarb of Eupatorium and of Wormwood of each half a dram Pouder of Diarrhodon Abbatis one scruple with Syrup of Wormwood make a Mass of Pils Of which let the Patient take one dram in the morning three daies together drinking after them a draught of Broath made with Cichory and Maiden-Hair Montanus was wont to give many daies together a scruple of Troches of Rubarb or of Wormwood with Broath in which Barley Parseley Roots Cichory and Borrage have Boyled Let the Region of the Liver be anointed morning and evening before Meals with a Liniment made of two ounces of Ceratum Santalinum Juyce of Cichory half an ounce Juyce of Wormwood two drams and a little Vinegar of Roses In lâ—ke manner let the Region of the stomach be anointed with this Liniment Take Nard Oyl Oyl of Wormwood and of Quinces of each half an ounce Gallia Moschata one scruple white Wax as much as shall be requisite Make al into a Liniment Besides the Medicaments hitherto propounded which respect a regular and Methodical Cure there are many other specifick and Empirick Medicaments both internal and external both commended by Practitioners and frequently used by the common People out of the almost infinite number whereof I shal here set down such as are the choicest And among these Medicines may be reckoned such things as were before propounded to amend the evil Quality of the Liver and Mesentery which is wont to make long Agues whereunto these things following may profitably be added And in the first place Spirit of Sulphur in a Legitimate Tertian or one very neer Legitimate after bleeding and Purging being given with Purslain Water in the vigor of the Fit doth powerfully extinguish the heat of the Feaver and if the Humor be thin drives the same out by sweat that there remaines no matter for a new Fit and so is the Disease Somtimes pluckt up by the Roots It is given from half a scruple to a scruple with four ounces of Purslain Water And somtime the said spirit is mingled with Salt of Wormwood which is also of great Efficacy in the Cure of Agues the Composition is thus Take Salt of Wormwood half a dram Spirit of Sulphur a scruple Carduus Water four ounces Mix them Let the Patient take it when the Fit Approaches and he covered with many Cloathes Some Affirm that the Juyce of Plantain Clarified and drunk to the Quantity of four ounces an hour before the Fit doth Cure a Tertian Ague Some give it with Vineger and Saffron after this manner Take of the Juyce of Plantain four ounces Vinegar of Roses half an ounce Saffron three grains Mix them and give the Patient to drink two hours before the Fit Manardus prefers a Decoction of Chamomel or the distilled Water thereof to the Quantity of four ounces two hours before the Fit A Medicine commonly used and often successful is a little Potion made of Rose-Water Plantain Water and Aqua Vita of each a spoonful given before the Fit These following are outwardly applied Take Leaves of Hyssop and Tansie cut smal of each a pugil Mirrh two drams Mace Nutmegs Cloves and Cinnamon of each half a dram Venice Turpentine and Juyce of Tansey of each one ounce Mix all and spread them upon a Rose-Cake fried in a frying Pan with Canary Wine which being covered with a Linnen Cloath must be applied hot to the Region of the stomach an hour before the Fit Or Take Wormwood and Green Mint of each a pound Crust of Bread toasted and steeped in Vinegar half a pound pulp of Quinces or Conserve of Quinces made with Honey two ounces Mastich half an ounce Mace and Nutmeg of each two drams Let al be beaten and lustily wrought together with Oyl of Quinces Make hereof a Cataplasm to be applied before the Fit It provokes sweat and takes away the Pains of the stomach Or Take Nutmeg Cloves Cinnamon of each three drams Mirrh and Ginger of each two drams Make al into a Pouder mix it with Liquid Pitch and make thereof a Plaister for the stomach Also this following Cataplasm may profitably be applied to the Liver Take white Sanders and Red of each one dram Barley Meal two drams Aloes half an ounce Flowers of Violets and Roses dried of each one dram With Juyce of Wormwood and Vinegar make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Region of the Liver one hour before the Fit Neither are those Medicines wholly to be rejected which the common people are wont to apply unto the Wrists of such as have Agues For not only the Opinion of People is hereby satisfied who conceive that many are cured with these Remedies but somwhat they may effect by communicating their vertues unto the Heart by those notable Arteries which are scituate in the Wrists The chief of which kind of Medicines are these that follow Take Leaves of Plantane Celondine the great of each one handful Cobwebs Nettle Seeds Soot from the Chimney and common Salt of each one dram the strongest Vinegar as much as shall suffice Make of all a Cataplasm to be applied to the Wrists a little before the fit and to be repeated fresh three or four times Mous-Ear beaten with Salt and Vinegar is by some accounted of great efficacy being applied to the Wrists before the fit Of some the smallest sort of Housleek or Mous-teat is commended being used after the same manner Others commend the Leaves of Shepheards-purse beaten with Salt and Vinegar Platerus applies unto the Wrists
Dates Pine-kernels are good And finally to Spice their Meats let them use Cinnamon Nutmeg and Saffron Let the Patient abstain from Meats which are thick of substance and clammy and are long in passing through such as the Flesh of Swine Beef Deer Hares and Water fowl from Pease and Beans Colewort Course Branny Bread Cheese Nuts Walnuts and Chastnuts from Flesh much Salted or dried in the Smoak from fruits Raw Herbs from Vinegar Verjuice because they are thought as al other sowr things to ferment Mellancholy and make it work Let their drink be smal Ale or bear of moderate strength and meanly hopped neither new nor hard Pure and wel Clarifiedwhite Wine or Claâ—ret that is not strong with Water in which the Bark of Tamarisk or the Leaves of Egrimony have been steeped or a Decoction of Salsa Parilla or Barley Water that hath Steel quenched in it Let them eat sparingly no more than may barely preserve strength for too larg feeding breeds crudities which makes the Disease of long continuance But above al they must be very spare in drinking because nothing makes this Disease more rebellious and hard to Cure than over much drink and moist things for they fil and Swel the spleen Crato forbids al use of drink in the fit which to forbear doth much as he saies help the Cure On the fit-day the Patient must eat six hours before the sit comes And afterward nothing must be taken til the fit be over Long sleep is good because it moistens but it must be forborn in the beginning of the Fit On the daies of Intermission light exercise before Meat is good or in place thereof frictions of the whol Body after the Patient hath been at Stool If thee Patient be costive a Clyster or Suppository must be given Finally let the Patient be as cheerful as may be and avoid sadness The Patients Diet being thus ordered first a gentle Purgation must be administred by a Clyster and a purging Medicament the Clyster may be thus Made Take Roots of Bugloss two ounces of the four Emollient Herbs mercury and beetes of each one handful Fat Damask Prunes five Pair of the four larger cool Seeds and Annis Seed of each two drams Epithymum three drams Boyl all to a pint and an half in the strained Liquor dissolve Catholicum one ounce Oyl of Violets and Chamomel of each one ounce and an half Red Sugar one ounce Make of all a Clyster which must be given the day before the following Potion at a seasonable time Take Senna half an ounce Annis Seed a dram Leaves of Borrage and Fumitory of each one handful Liquoris three drams Boyl all to three ounces in the strained Liquor dissolve Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make all into a potion Galen in I. ad Glauco Ch 11. Bids us give only gentle and benign Medicaments in the beginning of this Ague otherwise it is to be seared that if we use stronger Medicaments of a simple Quartan we shal make a double a triple or a Continual Feaver After the first Purge aforsaid Blood must be drawn from the Basilica Vena of the left Arm. Yet if the Liver be affected it may be drawn from the right Arm. And their Opinion is Ridiculous who say that we must expect Concoction before we let Blood because then the Blood will be more thin and apt to flow for it is better digested and prepared if first some Quantity thereof be taken away Neither must we give eare to them which say that Blood-letting is not to be allowed of in a Quarran Ague unless redundancy of Blood do shew it self by the Swelling of the Veins and by other signs For there is evermore at the beginning a Plethora ad Vires viz. Such a fullness of Blood as the Strength of the Patient cannot mannage unless a Quartan do follow some other long Feaver But that Precept of Galen formerly mentioned in I. ad Glauconem is worthy of al Commendation which saies that if the Blood which first comes away be Black and impure that then the greater Quantity is to be taken away but if it be Red and Pure little must be taken and the Patient must not be let Blood any more The wel daies are fittest both for Bleeding and purging Yet some let Blood upon the fit day five or six hours before the Fit which is not Ammis because the Humors beginning then to be moued are more easily drawn out Zacutus Lusitanus saies that it is very good to let Blood when the Moon is in the ful For then by reason of the Moons influence that earthy Melancholick Humor doth Boyl and become more fluid and Apt to come away with bleeding And he doth Testifie that many have by bleeding at that time been helped and some perfectly cured who could not by any other means receive Help But Botallus contrary to the mind of Galen and al other Physitians doth aver that frequent Blood-letting doth cure the Quartan Ague yea when it threatens a Dropsie and he endeavours to confirm his Opinion by reasons and examples Which notwithstanding is to be rejected as a Paradox seeing the Refrigeration of the whol Body caused by much Beeding makes the Morbisick matter more thick and contumacious The flux of the Hemorrhoids is very good in Quartan Agues and many are thereby Cured For seeing the Hemorrhoid Veins are branches of the Mesaraick Veins in which the matter of this Disease is conteined when they are opened they Evacuate the immediate cause of this Disease If therefore a flux of the Hemorrhoids happens in such as have been accustomed thereunto it must not be stopped If it be too sparing it must be furthered As also if Nature seem to incline that way which is known by itching of the Fundament and by some drops of blood coming that way the Blood must be made to come by application of Leeches But in such as have not been used to have their Hemorrhoid Veins opened after bleeding in the Arm it is good to let them blood in the Ankle Vein by which oftentimes the Ague ceases or at least that Bleeding with other Remedies will hasten the Cure especially in Women whose Courses are stopt or flow not sufficiently The opening of the Vein between the little Finger and the Ring Finger called Vena Salvatella is approved by the Antients and many later Physitians who said it cures the Quartan Ague But very many others reject this Conceit as being founded upon no reason because the foresaid Vein is a Branch issuing from the Arm Veins Yet being commended by others with many Experiments I conceive it ought not wholly to be neglected Some hold it ought to be opened in the Conjunction of the Moon with the Sun others when the Moon inclines two hours before the Fit at three several times in three immediately succeeding Fits which in some persons hath happened very well After these first Evacuations we must bend our study to concoct and prepare the
are apt to Corrup-tion so that though there be no Obstruction present they necessarily fall into a Putrefaction and a Feaver Howbeit Putrefaction being by this means brought into the Humors when Nature doth no longer rule them they are wont for the most part to breed Obstructions whereby the Feaver is augmented so that in these Feavers Obstructions may Concur which though in the beginning they were not the Cause of the Feaver yet do they follow the same being cherished by the Causes of the Feaver and being infected with Pestilential Venom The External Causes of Pestilential Feavers are the six Non-natural things which as they are necessary so do they necessarily alter our bodies and when they are far departed from their Natural condition they breed in us Malignant and venemous Qualities Among these the Air holds the chief place which as it is a most common Cause so Diseases that are common doth for the most part proceed from some fault thereof Now the Air becomes vitious and hurtful to men for the most part by a threefold means First If it be not blown through with wholsom Winds Secondly If it be polluted with the Infection of putrid and stinking Exhalations Thirdly If by an excess or preposterous condition of the first Qualities it doth so alter Men that thereby evil and malignant putrefactions of the Humors be ingendred The first is evident enough For if the Air be not blown through and stirred with Winds it is easily corrupted Whence Hippocrates in the 3. Epidem Describing a most grievous Pestilential constitution saith This year had no Winds And the Second is most effectual and frequent viz. When Putrid Filthy and malignant vapors are mingled with the Air and do infect the same which is wont to arise from divers things viz. Lakes Pooles Fiâ—h-ponds and other quiet and still Waters or such as are full of mud or wherein Flax or Hemp have been steeped Or from the stink of Privies Dung-hils and nasty Allies Or from the unburied bodies of such as have bin slain in battle Or out of Dens or Caves or Caves wherein the Air having been longshut up hath gained a filthy putrefaction being opened by an Earth-quake or some other â—asualtie But the third Reason which consists in the Excess Inequality or Preposterous condition of the first Qualities may happen divers waies and especially when there is a great excess of Heat and moisture For those Qualities when they are extranious and adventitious and encreased above their Natural condition they are the principles of putrefactions Hence a Southern Wind lasting long in the Seasons of the year according to Hippocrates in Epidem was the principal cause of all Pestilential Feavers there described But a dry Constitution of the Air though in the Opinion of Hippocrates it 's more wholsom than a moist yet because excess of Qualities is hurtful to our Nature certain it is that a very dry Constitution of the Air more than ordinary doth produce Pestilential Feavers especially if it be joyned with Excessive Heat A cleer example wherof we have in Livy in the first Book of his History Decad. 4. viz. How by over great dryness a Pestilence happened at Rome because there had been little or no Rain that year neither was there scarcity of Water from Heaven alone but the Earth was scarce able to continue her Springs Now this dry Constitution doth therefore Cause the Pestilence because the Humors being above measure burnt dried up degenerate into the Matter of Biles Carbuncles and consequently of a Pestilential Feaver and being very much thickned they produce grievous Obstructions wherby in a matter otherwise wel disposed therunto Malignant putrefaction is easily bred Add hereunto That this immoderate driâ—ess of the air doth corrupt the Corn hindring it from attaining its due maturity For it brings the Corn sooner out of the Earth and it gives it at first plentiful nourishment and afterward Scanty whereby the Corn is unequally digested being Burnt without but within quiâ—e Raw like Flesh scorched with an over violent Fire and so it proves a Cause of indigestion and divers Crudities It is proved also from Hippocrates That immoderate Cold doth produce a Pestilence 1. Epidem Sect. 5. tempest 1. where he saith In the Country of Thasus a little before the appearance of Arcturus a Star or Constellation and whilst He appears the North Wind blowing there are many and great Rains In which places he fetches the Cause of a Pestilential Season from over great Coldness Also we may read in Livy Lib. 5. Decad. 1. That a Pestilential Season was caused by vehement Cold in these Words The year was remarkable for a Cold and Snowy Winter so that the Wayes were stopped up and the River Tyber was unnavigable So sad a Winter was followed by a grievous and Pestilential Summer Mortal to all kind of Living-Creatures whether iâ— were occasioned by the sudden change of the Air from one extream to another or by some other means And the reason of this Accident is at hand viz. That by reason the Pores of the Skin are closed up by the extream Cold so that the vapors cannot steem forth so as naturally they should there follows the greater putrefaction and more grievous poison whereupon follows more dangerous feavers than in the Summer in which the condition of the air although in some sort it gives beginning to the Disease yet doth it make the pores and passages wider Through which that which putrified does exhale and the natural and preternatural evaporations doe readily breath out Inequality of the Season is wont also to be the Cause of this kind of Feavers viz. when it is sometimes Hot sometimes Cold sometimes wet sometimes dry in a short time or when these various seasons doe endure longer one after another As when after long vehement Hot weathâ—â— a freezing cold claps in or after long rains an extream drought steales upon us or contrarywise Or when after a preposterous fashion it is hot in Winter and cold in Summer Now these inequalities of Seasons may help the production of Pestilential Feavers because in them the humors are exceedingly disturbed by which means they arrive unto an evill condition far from their natural stare and fit to produce malignant Diseases especially in those bodies which during the Course of the Seasons aforesaid by disorderly Course of Diet and liveing have contracted either a Plethory a Cacochymy or some notable obstructions To this kind of Causes may be added the malignant Influence of the Constellations which by changeing the Ayr are wont diversly to affect the Bodies of Liveing Creatures Such they say are the Conjunction of the superior Planets Saturu Jupiter and Mars in humane Signes such as Virgo and Gemini and especially when Mars is Lord. Which do bring Diseases in otherwise they by change of the Ayr so far as to corrupt the Nature and substance thereof And that change is wrought two waies and is by the manifest qualities as when
Suffocation a choaking Subject a logical term it signifies any thing that hath somwhat adjoined and annexed to it So the Bodie is the subject of Sicknes Health of Beautie and deformity The Head is the subject of paines and other parts are the subject of other accidents The Soul is the subject of vertues and Vices of Happiness and Misery c. Suffusion a shedding abroad of Humors as when an Humor is shed abroad in the Eye and hinders the sight it is called a suffusion A Seton is an Hole made in the skin and a skein of Silke or yarn or such like drawn thorough and kept in in which being removed dayly causes the matter and humor to come away Sulphurus and Bituminous bathes that is hot bathes like those of Bath in Summerset-shire whose Heat and virtue springs from a tincture of Brimstone and Bitumen which they bring out of the Earth Suppuration is when a swelling comes to gather Head breed matter and is ready to break Specifick quality a peculiar hidden propertie not springing from the first qualities Similar Diseases are such as befall the substance of the Body not considered as formed into any organ or limb or part and they are al kind of Distempers Organick diseases are such as are proper to the organs and Instruments of the Body as such viz. what ever mar their Fabrick Common diseases are such as are liable both to the Similary and Organick parts viz. Solutions of Unitie T Tablets are the same with Lozenges they are Medicines made up in flat four squar'd Cakes with acuted angles Torpor numbness Transpiration the passage of the vapours through the pores of the skin of the whol body invisibly onely causing a smell according to the humors in some more in some less in some offensive in others not so Tumor swelling Tincture the virtue or strength of any thing drawn forth by steeping the same in spirit of wine vinegar or any percing liquor ' the said Liquor containing the virtue and oftentimes the Colour of that which was steeped in it is called the tincture thereof Tile tree a Linden tree there grow two on Newington green they bear sweet blossomes Trepan an Instrument made to bore an hole in the skull Turgent swelling working moving too and fro spoken of the Humors of the Body when they are in a Combustion and full of motion Tacamahaca A sweet Gumm See the London Dispensatory in English Translation carrying of an humor from one part to another Tunicles little coats or skins of which the eye is partly made up See the English Anatomy Terminated ended Topical Medicines such as are outwardly applied to the part affected or the part which sends the Humor c. Transparentnes such a clearness as is in Glass Horn the Ayr Fair water or any other thing which we can see through Troches or Trochiscs medicines made up in the form of little flat Bouls whence they have their name Tunica retiformis the net-like Coat or tunicle Thorax the Chest Trebble Quantity thrice so much Tartarous matter congealed hard matter like the hardned Lees of wine which are called Tartar Transpire breath through V VErtigo a swimming in the Head Vesitatoryes a Medicine applied to the skin to cause a Blyster Vertebrae the turning bones of the whol back Ventricles of the Brain certain hollownesses of the Brain Venenosity poysonfulness Vapors Steams ascending into the Head like the Steams we see mounting from a mess of hot Broth or Meat c. Vital function faculty of the Heart causing Life Pulse-beating and Breathing Visive Nerve the seeing Nerve The Sinnew wherewith the Objects of sight are carried into the Brain to the Imagination or Common-sence See Veslingus Anatomy Vaporous Matter steeming reaking matter See Vapors Vlcerated having an Ulcer or running sore Visor or Visive Spirits the Spirit wherewith we see Vniversal evacuation is a general purging of the whol body all at once Vitrous Humor a moisture like to molten-Glass which goes into the making up of the Eye See Veslingus Anatomy in English and cut up an Eye of a Calf Sheep c. Vvea tunica a coat of the Eye resembling the skin of a Grape from whence it is named See Veslingus Anatomy in English Voluntary faculty that power of our Body which works according as we please as the power of going running speaking c. whereas the powers of beating in the Pulse of digesting in the Stomach and Eiver of making blood flash fat c. do not work according to our wills The former we can exercise or suspend and moderate them as we please but the latter not which are therefore termed involuntary Vvula or Columella the Pallate of the mouth A Vehicle that which serves to carry Vermicular Worm-like The Pulse is so called when it is weak and lifts it self unequally sometimes more sometimes less like the creeping of a Catterpillar Vreters certain long pipes or passages which bring the Urine from the Kidney to the Bladder See Veslingus Anatomy in English Viscous cleaving and roaping like Birdlime Vicissitude the following of one thing upon the neck of another Venery Letchery the immoderate exercise or doating upon such Acts as tend to Generation W WIld-Poppies Red-Poppies which grow among Corn called likewise Corn-Rose Watry Humor a certain liquor like water which goes into the Composition of the Eye See Veslingus Anatomy in English Water-Gate the Privities in Women Z ZAcutus Lusitanus a famous Physitian A Jew that pacticed at Amsterdam in Holland He has wrote divers excellent Treatises of Physick sutable to the Principles of Hippocrates and Galen FINIS The Vertues Use and variety of Operations of the True and Phylosophical AURUM POTABILE Attained by the Studies of Doctor Freeman and Dr. Culpeper and left with his Widdow and administred by a Physitian in her House neer London on the East side of Spittle-fields next door to the red Lyon The Vertues are as follow IT Cures all Agues whether Quotidian Tertian or Quartan as also it cured divers people of that most horrid putrid Feaver which so violently seized on mens Bodies both before and after Michaelmas 1653. to the great admiration of many and when the parties Diseased have ben both senceless and speechless for that neither that nor any other Medicine or Panacaea though never so gentle could safely be administred into the Body it hath beyond all hopes by external application on the stomack revived them It cures the Gout of all sorts perfectly being administred as the Physitian shal advise It causeth Women subject to Abortion or Miscarriage to goe their time and yet being given when the time comes it causeth a speedy and easie delivery It is an infallible cure for the French Pox and doth it with such ease speed and Secretness that none of the nearest relation shal take notice thereof It cures the Green-sickness and all sorts of Jaundice It provokes the Terms It is good for Aches and all afflictions coming of cold It helps the Rickets But to what purpose do I nominate diseases in particular when it is an universall Remedy for all diseases being administred as the Physitian shal advise For its chief aim is exhilarating the vital spirits and heart It both binds and stops Fluxes yet Purges it both Vomits and stays Vomiting it causes Sweat yet cures preternatural Sweatings and performs all its operations as Nature it self would have it because it only fortifies her in her Centre To conclude It is an Universal Fortification for all Complexions and ages against all sorts and degrees of Pestilential and contagious Infection both preventing before their possession and extirpating of them after it REader By reason of the mistakes in the printing of this Book in Latin there are two words mis-translated And by reason of the foulness of the English Copy there are some other mistakes in printing All which are thus to be amended PAge 24 line 46. for violent springing read violent Convulsion springing p. 32. for Ephor read Escar p. 51. l. 39 for â—â— r. do p. 53. l. 7. for procede r. preceed p. 59 l 14 r. four ounces p. 116 l. 39 for pure r. impure p. 148 l. 28. for nevertheless get r. nevertheless the Lungs get p. 160 l. 12 for can endure r. cannot endure l. 23 for sets more r. feels more p. 167 â— 33 for blood r. blood-letting p. 184 l. 40 for Acorns r. Alkermes l. 45 for Acorns r. Alkermes p. 256 l. 47 for Gloves Cloves p. 259 l. 16 for primary r. external p. 290 l. 34 for be thirst r. be no thirst p 329 l. 7 for can pass r. cannot pâ—â— l. 10 for Wine r. Wind p. 332 l. 4 for Turnep Water r. Orange-flower Water p. 341 l. 44 for after dinner r. before dâ—ner p. 367 l. 9 for scattering r. scalding p. 373 l. 40 for bred r. cured p. 378 l. â—7 for warm r. worn p. 386 l. 51 for spring Water four ounces r. spring Water four pound p. 428 l. 32 for Turnep Water r. Orange-flower Water p. 432 l. 29 for suppression r. suppuration p 499 l 18 for decrease r. encrease p. 501 l. â—â— for contained r. continued p. 542 l. 52 and 3â— these words the Moon at the end of the 53 line must be taken from that line and read at the end of the 52 line p. 567 for great r. grate p. 580 l. 42 for but r. both p 590 l. 40 for be r. being p. 612 l. 10 for puortfied r. putrefied p. 615 l. 1â— for in r. no p. 622 l. 11 for terror r. Feaver for whereas r. whenas p. 624 l 15 for Urine r. things p. 630 l. 50 for Italy India p. 633 l. 11 for care r. cure and for cure r. care and l. 46 for repelling no r no repelling and l. 57. for after afoâ—â—said r aforesaid after p. 639 l. 26. for Hair r. Heart
Fourth of Lienterla or Coeliack Diseases The Fift of Diarrhoea The Sixth of Dysentery The Seventh of Tenesmus The Eight of the Hepatick Flux The Ninth of the Worms The Tenth of the Flux of the Hemorrhoids The Eleventh of the pain of the Hemorrhoids Chap. 1. Of the Chollick THe Chollick takes its Name from the part affected which is the Gut called Colon which is long and winding and ordained for receiving the Excrements of almost al the Body these Excrements retained too long use to cause this pain Therefore the Causes of the Chollick are excrementitious Matter which by distending pricking or corroding can make a Solution of Continuity and these are either Winds or Humors Winds are bred of Crudities or a cold Distemper of the Stomach or Intestines and if they be not sent forth by reason of the hard excrements or other things that obstruct the Intestines they are in great plenty shut up in the Guts especially the Colon and make a very violent pain Also gross Humors Cold and Flegmatick being fastened upon the Tunicles of the Guts cause the same pain both by gnawing if they are sharp or salt as also by cooling the part which by conâ—equence must suffer Constriction and Divulsion as Galen speaks of himself That having had a great Fit of the Chollick did void glassy Flegm that was actually cold and by producing Wind which is easily raised from a gross slimy and slow Humor by a weak heat Lastly Chollerick and sharp Humors as also Melanchollick and sowr by pricking and twiching the Guts make these pains but we may doubt in the action of these Causes how the Chollick should be somtimes more violent somtimes more remiss since the same matter remaineth in the Intestines To which Doubt we thus Answer That the matter doth somtimes lie quiet and then it causeth none or very little pain but somtimes it is moved and stirred up by divers Fermentations which happen among the Humors as in an Epilepsy the sits of the Mother and Agues But you must observe diligently that those Winds or Humors do not only remain in the Cavity of the Guts for then were they easily excluded by evacuating clensing and carminative Medicines but for the most part they are fixed to the very Coates of the Guts whence it comes that they are not so easily taken off but they make a long and a stubborn Disease which wil not easily be cured So thick Flegmatick and Melanchollick humors to flow by degrees through the veins of the Cuts into their substance and do not presently cause pain but til they so encreaâ—e that they provoke nature to expel them and so being moved they cause pain or send out Vapors which being included in the Tunicles of the Intestines do stretch and extend them and finding no passage cause a long pain And Choller being after the same manner spread and sucked into the veins of the Guts and the Tunicles thereof doth stir up sharp pains which use to be long because the Choller is very hard to be pulled from the substance of the Guts There is another kind of Chollerick Chollick which turns into a Palsie not known to the Antients which comes of a Chollerick Humor not in the Gut Colon as the former but suddenly sent into the Membranes of the Abdomen and it is carried thither from the Cystis or bladder of Gall or the Mesentery in the Crisis of continual Feavers or from great anger or some other external Cause when by reason of Obstructions it cannot be sent by the common passages but by a preposterous motion it is presently sent to the aforesaid Membranes of the Abdomen hence comes a cruel pain like that of the Chollick which neither by Clysters Formentations or other Medicines can be Cured but continueth many Months by which means the body consumeth somtimes it is like an intermitting Feaver somtimes and often like a continual lingring Feaver and at length when the pain begins to cease there is a Palsie by reason the Humor gets by degrees into the back by the Membranes of the Abdomen This Palsie doth trouble the upper parts most but the Thighs and Legs commonly are pained in some they are wholly resolved and made numb because the Choller being light flyeth to the upper parts Somtimes it gets into the Brain and begets Epileptick Convulsions from whence death commonly ensueth There are other Causes of the Chollick but less usual namely Stones bred in the Guts and knots of Worms which stop them The compression of the Guts from Tumors in the adjoyning parts or narrowness by reason of Inflamation and other Tumors of the Intestines or Contorsion or twisting of them by reason of Wind which is the way to the Iliack Passion somtimes also the Matter causing the Chollick is Poysonous and Malignant and makes a Pestilent Chollick as Paulus Aegineta reports That a Pestilent Chollick in Italy infected most of the Roman Provinces Finally al hard Bodies by Obstructing and Distending the Guts may make a Chollick as stones bred there many Cherry-stones swallowed hard Cheese and the like Platerus reports That a certain Governor long laboring of the Chollick with Convulsions after the use of Clysters voided a great quantity of hard Cheese which had a long time stuck in his Guts because before his Sickness he had eaten immoderately thereof The External Causes are Cold Air which constringe and indurate the Belly or too Hot Air by which the Excrements grow hard and loose their moisture the use of meat and drink not agreeing with the Constitution as raw Fruits and binding gross meats and hard of digestion too much rest and immoderate sleep unseasonable exercises immoderate venery and other External Causes which disturbe the Concoction of the Stomach The Knowledge of this Disease generally is easie For first the pain is very sharp for if it be light it cannot be called a true Chollick from the Opinion of Galen lib. 6. de loc aff cap. 2. And it is somtimes moveable somtimes more in one place than in another somtimes in the region of the Liver somtimes of the Spleen Stomach Reins somtimes above somtimes beneath the Navel and oftentimes it is most upon the left side in which as Bauhinus first observ'd there is a little streightness for when the Excrements in the upper and widest part of the Colon grow into hard lumps according to its Capacity great and then by Wind are driven into a streighter part they must needs pass with much pain in which Symptome the Chollick and the Spleen and the Stone are not distinguished but by comparison of other signs for somtimes the pain is like an Auger boring or a Stick fastened more fixed in some part When the Stomach consenteth there is vomiting of Flegm Choller that is green or the like After Meat the pain is greater because the Stomach being filled compresseth the Intestines The Belly for the most part is bound so that the Patient cannot so much as break wind and if any
That is most deadly in which first there is chollerick then flegmatick and after stinking vomiting and Galen 6. de loc aff cap. 2. saith none of these escape but Experience teacheth that some do as when the disease comes from retention of the faeces or Hernia Intestinalis or Rupture in the Guts They who have this Disease with the Strangury die within seven daies except a Feaver coming the Urine be more plentifully voided Hipp. Aph. 44. Sect. 6. if the Strangury come of thick and and flegmatick Humors which are plentiful in the Veins and Guts a Feaver coming thereupon they may be concocted melted and attenuated and pissed forth by which means the Ileos is cured Although Galen in his Comment upon this Aphorism saith that he is ignorant of what Hippocrates saith here and that it cannot be confirmed by Reason and Experience If Symptomes be remitted and either Medicines or meat taken at the Mouth pass through there is hope of recovery The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the difference of the Causes And first if the obstruction comes from the Faeces indurate or from gross and slimy flegm you must use Emollient and Laxative Medicines both internally and externally First then give Clysters of the Decoction of Althaea Mallows Violets Chamomel and Melilot with Lin-seed and Foenugreek seed or of common Oyl to a pint in which you may dissolve the third part of Butter or of the Broth of a Sheeps Paunch in which dissolve Butter Honey and Sal gem To which Decoction if there be wind as commonly there is it is good to put Carminatives and Discussers After the Matter is somwhat mollified with these Clysters you must give first some gentle Purges then stronger and last the strongest In the mean while you must apply Fomentations and Liniments that are Emollient to the whol Belly and continue them long The Paunch of a Gelding warmed in hot Water applied to the Belly is good but mollifying Baths are better especially if they be made of Air only Also you may give inwardly the Oyl of sweet Almonds either alone with white Wine To which if the pain be great you may ad the Syrup of Poppies as was shewed in the Cure of the Chollick And lastly If there be vehement pain and much flatus you may give those other Medicines which are prescribed in the Cure of the Chollick not omitting Purges which being opportunely given take away the Cause That which comes from Inflaruation of the Intestines is to be cured by often Blood-letting if strength permit both in the Arm and Foot and by applying of Cupping-glasses with Scarrification to the Groins Also Emollient Clysters and cooling are to be given made thus Take of Althaea Roots two ounces Mallows and Violets of each one handful Guord seeds half an ounce Line and Fleabane seeds of each two drams Water Lillies and Roses of each one pugil Chamomel Flowers half a pugil make a Decoction in a pint whereof dissolve two ounces of Oyl of Roses Cassia one ounce make a Clyster and in progress of time ad Oyl of Violets and Chamomel The aforesaid Emollients must be boyled in Oxycrate Or give new Milk with a little Sugar and the white of an Egg or the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds one ounce to asswage pain Or you may make a Clyster of Oyl of sweet Almonds Barley Cream strained from the Decoction of it adding a little fresh Butter and Sugar A Clyster may be made of simple Oxycrate and be every day given which is excellent against the Inflamation of the Guts Anoint with Oyl of Violets sweet Almonds and Chamomel with Mucilage of Linseed Faenugreek seed and Quinces with Axungia of Hens and Ducks and sweet Butter Also make a Fomentation of the Decoction of those Simples which were prescribed for a Clyster Also Foment in the beginning with Oxycrate and after let the Simples aforesaid be boyled in Oxycrate And make a Catataplasm of the residence of those things in the Decoction with Barley Meal Foenugreek Lin-seed and Butter with Axungia's and Oyls aforesaid Also a Bath of warm Water in which cold and Emollient things have been boyled is most convenient After bleeding give two ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds to appease pain and if it be very great use Narcoticks If there be no vomiting you must provoke it with a draught of warm Water with Oyl of Violets for so the upper parts will be purged and the Humors will be revelled from the part affected In the whol time of Cure you must give Juleps and Emulsions prescribed in the Inflamation of the Stomach Let his Drink be Barley Water and in the beginning let him abstain from all Nourishment for twenty four hours that some of the Matter may be consumed then give him Chicken Broth. This Disease is to be attended with diligence for it is for the most part deadly The chief business in the Cure is by abstinency and this is taken from the example of those that are wounded in the Guts for they are almost famished for forty daies Therfore let men in this disease for four or five daies take only three spoonfuls of Broth every day that vomit may be hindered which doth encrease the Disease Moreover Food bringeth no comfort to the sick for it turneth not to nourishment but is plainly corrupted and the Chyle which goes from the Stomach into the Guts is mingled with the excrements retained and encreaseth vomiting He may drink more freely because it goes more easily to the Liver and it may be fit to oppose the Disease if it be well tempered Oxycrate and in a smal quantity Lastly It comes somtimes but seldom from the circumvolution of the Intestines and this is either from Wind which tottureth them or from a Hernia called Interocele or Rupture That which comes from Wind is cured by the same Medicines which Cure the flatulent Chollick But if after long use of these Medicines the belly will not be opened but all things taken are vomited up that there is little hope of health the last Remedy must be used which Hippocrates propounds 3. de morbis namely That a pair of Smiths Bellows be applied to the Anus and that they blow into his Belly Then give an Emollient Clyster with Troches of Alhandal to bring out the faeces This is good not only against the Ileos from contorsion of the Intestines but in that which comes from a grievous obstruction for by dilating the Guts it takes away the obstruction Amatus Lusitanus Curat ult Cent. 1. testifieth that he cured one desperate by this means as also Epiphanius Ferdinandus in his Physical Histories Hist 74. reports that the son of John Altimar of Naples a most expert Physitian was ready to die of this Disease and taken as it were from the Graves mouth by this means But Aurelian disalloweth it because the wind coming from the Bellows may much hurt with its cold But this may be avoided if the Bellows be