of_o instead_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n but_o with_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la it_o will_v not_o succeed_v for_o though_o that_o liquor_n will_v heighten_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o tincture_n of_o rose_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o precipitate_v the_o lead_n and_o as_o by_o this_o mean_n from_o a_o green_a we_o obtain_v a_o white_a and_o red_a colour_a substance_n so_o a_o purple_a will_v yield_v a_o yellow_a and_o a_o red_a liquor_n for_o if_o instead_o of_o a_o alkaly_n which_o turn_v a_o infusion_n of_o logwood_n purple_n i_o make_v use_v of_o a_o solution_n of_o minium_n and_o put_v one_o part_n of_o this_o to_o two_o of_o the_o infusion_n spirit_n of_o salt_n will_v precipitate_v a_o red_a substance_n and_o leave_v the_o liquor_n above_o yellow_a but_o a_o infusion_n of_o logwood_n be_v turn_v purple_a by_o a_o mixture_n of_o a_o solution_n of_o minium_n spirit_n sal_fw-la ammoniac_a drop_v upon_o they_o precipitate_v a_o bluish_a deep_a purple_a substance_n partly_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o powder_n and_o partly_o curdle_v but_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o lead_n be_v precipitate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a powder_n so_o that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o glass_n three_o distinct_a colour_n viz_o a_o purple_a at_o the_o bottom_n a_o white_a carnation_n upon_o that_o and_o upon_o the_o top_n a_o transparent_a liquor_n yellow_a or_o red._n but_o to_o conclude_v i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o will_v not_o have_v my_o reader_n too_o hasty_o to_o think_v any_o of_o the_o forego_n experiment_n false_a though_o they_o shall_v not_o succeed_v upon_o first_o trial_n since_o very_o slight_a circumstance_n may_v alter_v or_o frustrate_v the_o event_n of_o several_a of_o they_o to_o confirm_v which_o i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a instance_n viz._n that_o if_o the_o ingredient_n make_v use_v of_o to_o die_v scarlet_a be_v weigh_v and_o mix_v never_o so_o exact_o and_o all_o other_o circumstance_n be_v observe_v yet_o if_o they_o be_v not_o boil_a in_o a_o vessel_n line_v with_o tin_n the_o cochineel_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o strike_v a_o right_a colour_n finis_fw-la advertisement_n the_o work_n of_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boyle_n esq_n epitomise_v vol._n i._o by_o richard_n boulton_n of_o brazen-nose_n college_n in_o oxford_n illustrate_v with_o copper_n plate_n print_a for_o j._n phillip_n at_o the_o kings-arm_n and_o j._n taylor_n at_o the_o ship_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n price_n bind_v 6_o s._n ☞_o the_o three_o volume_n of_o the_o say_a abridgement_n be_v now_o in_o the_o press_n and_o will_v be_v publish_a in_o michaelmas_n term_n and_o sell_v at_o the_o same_o place_n the_o table_n a._n the_o effect_n of_o air_n on_o feather_n in_o a_o exhaust_a receiver_n page_z 6_o 7_o the_o force_n of_o the_o air_n expansion_n p._n 9_o 13_o 14_o 15_o 16_o 17_o the_o specific_a weight_n of_o a_o determinate_a proportion_n of_o air_n and_o water_n page_n 19_o 20_o air_n produce_v from_o bread_n page_n 38_o from_o grape_n page_n 39_o 79_o 115_o grape_n bruise_v page_n 41_o must_v page_n 42_o apple_n page_n 42_o 121_o 164_o 164_o 182_o plum_n and_o apricock_n page_n 72_o 77_o 168_o pear_n and_o apricock_n page_n 116_o the_o production_n of_o air_n obstruct_v from_o doughty_n page_n 44_o from_o pear_n page_n 45_o paste_n page_n 48_o 49_o 56_o 58_o raisin_n page_n 49_o plum_n and_o apricock_n page_n 51_o grape_n with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n page_z 54_o without_o page_n ib._n peach_n page_n 55_o from_o ale_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 59_o pease_n page_n 60_o amber_n burn_v in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 113_o aq._n fortis_fw-la mix_v with_o nitre_n page_n 139_o with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n page_z 146_o ale_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 198_o 199_o whether_o air_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o water_n page_n 205_o aunt_n and_o mite_n in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 227_o attraction_n what_o page_n 234_o of_o the_o admirable_a rarefaction_n of_o the_o air_n without_o heat_n page_z 249_o air_n expanded_a to_o 8000_o time_n its_o natural_a dimension_n page_n 250_o to_o 10000_o time_n its_o dimension_n page_n 251_o of_o the_o duration_n of_o the_o air_n be_v spring_n page_n 253_o of_o the_o condensation_n of_o the_o air_n by_o cold_a page_n 255_o of_o the_o different_a extension_n of_o air_n rarefy_v &_o compress_v page_n 257_o of_o the_o weaken_a spring_n and_o unheeded_a effect_n of_o the_o air_n page_n 259_o of_o the_o efficacy_n of_o the_o air_n be_v moisture_n page_n 272_o 273_o 341_o of_o the_o insalubrity_n of_o the_o air_n page_n from_o 276_o to_o 299_o the_o general_a history_n of_o the_o air_n begin_v page_n 330_o what_o be_v mean_v by_o air_n ibid._n its_o ingredient_n page_n 331_o of_o the_o air_n be_v spring_n page_n 334_o of_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o air_n etc._n etc._n page_n 336_o of_o the_o air_n be_v weight_n page_n 363_o ae_n whether_o aether_n be_v contain_v in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it page_z 4_o 5_o 6_o b._n a_o small_a bird_n include_v in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 93_o 103_o 209_o 221_o a_o bee_n in_o artificial_a air_n page_n 96_o a_o butterfly_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 105_o 227_o beef_n enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 68_o 124_o 176_o 180_o 187_o 188_o 192_o 197_o 198_o bean_n include_v in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 133_o 144_o butter_n page_n 178_o bread_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 195_o beer_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 198_o blackberrys_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 199_o blood_n and_o other_o humour_n expanded_a page_n 218_o the_o reason_n of_o bubble_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 230_o observation_n about_o the_o barometer_n page_n 243_o a_o statical_a baroscope_n propose_v page_n 247_o of_o the_o production_n of_o blackness_n page_n 461_o 469._o c_o colour_n produce_v in_o vacuo_fw-la page_z 10_o 11_o cherry_n enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 61_o 62_o 63_o 64_o 117_o 153_o perfume_a cones_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 109_o 110_o 111_o 112_o camphire_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 114_o cabbage_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 118_o coral_n page_n 167_o cow-heel_n page_n 194_o cream_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 197_o claret_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 199_o a_o crawfish_n page_n 207_o caterpillar_n in_o vacuo_fw-la of_o the_o change_n of_o colour_n in_o several_a mixture_n page_n 259_o 260_o 261_o 262_o 263_o 305_o 405_o of_o cloud_n page_n 344_o of_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o colour_n page_n 436_o 440._o promiscuous_a experiment_n of_o colour_n page_n 483._o d._n a_o duck_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 200_o 212_o new_a disease_n cause_v by_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la page_n 296_o e._n the_o heart_n of_o a_o eel_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 210_o a_o eft_o in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 223_o of_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o electricity_n page_n 323_o 324_o 325_o 326_o 327_o 328_o 329_o 330_o 355_o f._n fly_v enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 86_o 105_o 225_o frog_n in_o compress_a air_n page_n 87_o in_o artificial_a air_n page_n 99_o 101_o in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 108_o 203_o 210_o fly-blowings_a in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 106_o 148_o frogspawn_n page_n 106_o 148_o fly_n egg_n in_o vacuo_fw-la 107_o flesh_n and_o broth_n page_n 185_o 186_o 192_o 193_o of_o frog_n page_n 344_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o air_n on_o fire_n and_o flame_n page_z 401_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o flame_n and_o air_n ibid._n of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o fermentation_n ibid._n g._n grape_n enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 64_o 135_o 162_o gillyflower_n in_o compress_a air_n page_n 90_o goosberrys_n in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 101_o 126_o 131_o 133_o gillyflower_n in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 71_o 197_o a_o gudgeon_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 208_o a_o greefinch_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 211_o 214_o h._n hartsborn_n burn_v in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 113_o 194_o a_o statical_a hygroscope_n propose_v page_n 264_o of_o the_o utility_n of_o hygroscope_n page_n 265_o 266_o 267_o 268_o 269_o 270_o 271_o of_o hail_n page_n 419_o k._n a_o kitling_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 204_o l._n why_o liquor_n ascend_v in_o syringe_n page_n 2â—â—_n of_o the_o production_n of_o light_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_z 10_o a_o limon_n enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 90_o 120_o melt_v lead_n in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 138_o lark_n with_o beef_n page_n 181_o with_o butter_n page_n 185_o a_o linote_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 213_o a_o lark_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 214_o a_o leech_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 224_o of_o light_a ning_n page_n 350_o a_o extract_v of_o mr._n lock_n be_v letter_n page_n 367_o of_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o life_n page_n 410_o m._n milk_n in_o a_o receiver_n page_n 121_o 184_o 196_o mercury_n in_o vacuo_fw-la page_n 151_o must_v page_n 42_o minium_n page_n 167_o a_o mouse_n page_n 212_o 220_o why_o contiguous_a marble_n be_v not_o easy_o separate_v page_n 228_o marchasiâ—es_n
again_o when_o the_o internal_a air_n be_v rarify_v within_o half_a a_o inch_n of_o the_o top_n and_o then_o the_o apex_n be_v seal_v up_o it_o be_v place_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n yet_o the_o air_n in_o the_o top_n have_v its_o spring_n so_o weaken_v by_o refrigeration_n that_o it_o be_v not_o able_a to_o depress_v the_o water_n though_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o apex_n be_v break_v off_o it_o subsided_a several_a inch_n the_o external_a air_n press_v upon_o it_o the_o experiment_n be_v a_o three_o time_n reiterated_a with_o 3_o ½_n of_o air_n in_o the_o pipe_n when_o the_o water_n in_o the_o vial_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n freeze_v it_o be_v able_a to_o expand_v itself_o a_o little_a but_o when_o the_o apex_n be_v break_v off_o the_o external_n air_n depress_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n two_o inch_n but_o be_v remove_v into_o a_o warm_a room_n it_o ascend_v above_o a_o inch_n high_o than_o the_o uppermost_a level_n have_v put_v so_o much_o water_n into_o a_o vessel_n 6._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 6._o such_o as_o plate_n 1_o fig._n 6._o delineates_n as_o be_v able_a to_o fill_v almost_o the_o whole_a tube_n we_o cause_v a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n to_o be_v place_v about_o the_o ball_n of_o it_o yet_o we_o perceive_v not_o the_o water_n in_o the_o least_o to_o rise_v but_o if_o at_o all_o it_o may_v well_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o the_o intumescence_n of_o some_o airy_a part_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n but_o the_o apex_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v break_v off_o under_o water_n the_o external_n air_n force_v the_o water_n several_a inch_n up_o into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o pipe_n another_o experiment_n we_o make_v with_o the_o follow_a vessel_n see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 7_o the_o stem_n of_o this_o be_v no_o thick_a than_o a_o raven_n quill_n though_o several_a inch_n long_o 7._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 7._o and_o the_o ball_n be_v about_o as_o big_a as_o a_o nutmeg_n we_o drop_v a_o few_o drop_n of_o water_n into_o the_o stem_n which_o be_v suspend_v there_o betray_v very_o slight_a change_n in_o the_o rarefaction_n or_o condensation_n of_o the_o internal_a air._n watch_v therefore_o when_o the_o air_n within_o have_v raise_v the_o bubble_n up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stem_n we_o immediate_o seal_v it_o up_o and_o observe_v that_o though_o the_o seal_a glass_n be_v place_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n the_o bubble_n do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o subside_n but_o if_o the_o apex_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v break_v off_o the_o bubble_n of_o water_n will_v be_v sometime_o depress_v so_o low_o as_o to_o fall_v into_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o weatherglass_n and_o what_o be_v further_o remarkable_a be_v that_o when_o the_o liquor_n be_v descend_v if_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v seal_v up_o the_o water_n will_v immediate_o stop_v at_o the_o place_n it_o rest_v at_o when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v take_v off_o where_o it_o will_v continue_v till_o the_o stem_n be_v break_v open_a again_o and_o then_o the_o water_n will_v be_v further_o depress_v as_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v able_a to_o overpower_v the_o resistance_n make_v by_o the_o internal_a air._n have_v make_v use_n of_o such_o a_o vessel_n as_o fig._n 7._o plate_n 1._o represent_v and_o convey_v a_o pretty_a quantity_n of_o water_n into_o both_o the_o leg_n 7._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 7._o we_o seal_v up_o the_o end_n of_o the_o bend_a stem_n leave_v so_o much_o air_n above_o it_o as_o we_o think_v convenient_a which_o be_v do_v we_o place_v the_o ball_n of_o it_o in_o a_o frame_n in_o which_o the_o tube_n hang_v down_o we_o can_v cover_v the_o round_a ball_n with_o snow_n and_o salt_n upon_o which_o the_o air_n in_o the_o stem_n be_v able_a to_o expand_v itself_o so_o far_o that_o the_o water_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n be_v raise_v the_o length_n of_o a_o barleycorn_n high_o than_o before_o and_o depress_v as_o much_o in_o the_o other_o but_o when_o the_o end_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v break_v open_a the_o water_n be_v raise_v 2_o ¼_n inch_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n and_o depress_v so_o low_o in_o the_o short_a that_o several_a bubble_n rise_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ball._n in_o which_o experiment_n it_o can_v be_v suppose_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n can_v be_v able_a to_o raise_v the_o water_n in_o the_o other_o except_o by_o virtue_n of_o its_o spring_n which_o be_v but_o small_a answerable_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o of_o it_o it_o can_v be_v expect_v that_o it_o shall_v have_v any_o considerable_a effect_n upon_o the_o air_n in_o the_o other_o leg_n though_o its_o spring_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n weaken_v by_o cold._n a_o explication_n of_o the_o figure_n in_o the_o first_o plate_n fig._n 1._o p._n 12._o a._n the_o ball_n or_o egg._n b_o c._n the_o stem_n d._n the_o little_a aqueous_a cylinder_n fig._n 2._o the_o open_a weatherglass_n mention_v p._n 16_o 22._o fig._n 3._o the_o seal_a weatherglass_n or_o thermoscope_n mention_v p._n 16._o fig._n 4._o the_o barometer_n or_o mercurial_a standard_n place_v in_o a_o frame_n b_o b._n mention_v p._n 17._o fig._n 5._o a_o instrument_n mention_v p._n 34._o a._n the_o vial._n b_o c._n the_o pipe_n cement_v into_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o vial_n open_a at_o c_o and_o seal_v at_o b._n fig._n 6._o p._n 35._o a._n the_o bolt-head_n b._n the_o small_a stem_n b_o c._n the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n enclose_v fig._n 7._o p._n 36._o chap._n v._o the_o experimental_a history_n of_o cold_a begin_v title_n i._o experiment_n concern_v body_n capable_a of_o freeze_v other_o before_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o cold_a it_o perhaps_o may_v be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v what_o body_n be_v capable_a of_o retain_v such_o quality_n and_o what_o be_v not_o but_o that_o be_v a_o consideration_n not_o so_o necessary_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n which_o be_v only_o to_o set_v down_o what_o observation_n we_o have_v make_v in_o body_n subject_a to_o be_v freeze_v i_o shall_v only_o in_o short_a take_v notice_n that_o most_o body_n except_o fire_n be_v susceptible_a of_o actual_a cold_a and_o it_o be_v a_o question_n whether_o even_o that_o be_v not_o rather_o a_o state_n of_o matter_n in_o such_o a_o peculiar_a motion_n than_o a_o distinct_a and_o particular_a species_n of_o natural_a body_n since_o even_o gunpowder_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n before_o they_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o some_o other_o body_n be_v actual_o cold._a but_o to_o proceed_v to_o what_o observation_n relate_v to_o our_o title_n other_o experiment_n of_o body_n capable_a of_o freeze_v other_o 1._o body_n cold_a enough_o to_o freeze_v other_o be_v very_o few_o here_o in_o england_n snow_n and_o salt_n mix_v be_v most_o remarkable_a which_o cool_a the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o those_o vessel_n which_o be_v close_v up_o in_o such_o mixture_n 2._o snow_n alone_o will_v not_o freeze_v water_n as_o a_o mixture_n of_o it_o and_o salt_n do_v and_o though_o water_v pour_v betwixt_o the_o interstice_n of_o snow_n or_o ice_n freeze_v yet_o there_o be_v a_o great_a disparity_n betwixt_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n and_o keep_v it_o up_o in_o vessel_n and_o though_o it_o be_v freeze_v when_o cover_v with_o snow_n in_o a_o bottle_n all_o night_n yet_o that_o may_v proceed_v from_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n as_o well_o as_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o snow_n 3._o if_o nitre_n alum_n vitriol_n salarmoniack_a or_o sugar_n be_v mix_v in_o due_a proportion_n with_o snow_n they_o will_v enable_v it_o to_o freeze_v though_o not_o so_o intense_o as_o common_a salt_n 4._o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v shake_v together_o with_o snow_n in_o the_o vial_n they_o cause_v a_o dew_n which_o be_v gather_v on_o the_o outside_n the_o glass_n to_o be_v freeze_v though_o the_o mixture_n within_o be_v not_o and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n mix_v with_o snow_n in_o a_o thin_a vial_n have_v the_o same_o effect_v only_o more_o intense_o 5._o but_o not_o only_o these_o acid_n spirit_n have_v these_o effect_n on_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o air_n condense_v on_o the_o outside_n the_o glass_n but_o likewise_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o spirit_n of_o sugar_n the_o former_a of_o these_o three_o be_v very_o powerful_a though_o the_o latter_a be_v not_o so_o strong_o frigorifick_a 6._o spirit_n of_o urine_n mix_v with_o snow_n in_o a_o vial_n freeze_v the_o external_n moisture_n weak_o but_o spirit_n of_o salarmoniack_a draw_v from_o quicklime_n do_v it_o powerful_o 7._o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n pour_v upon_o snow_n freeze_v moderate_o 8._o sal_fw-la gem_n with_o a_o
water_n sever_v from_o it_o by_o ice_n nine_o or_o ten_o foot_n thick_a beside_o i_o think_v it_o altogether_o inconceivable_a how_o wind_n by_o take_v upon_o the_o outside_n of_o a_o glass_n shall_v cause_v the_o water_n within_o to_o freeze_v since_o the_o freeze_a of_o water_n be_v a_o action_n much_o different_a from_o the_o put_n of_o the_o glass_n into_o a_o tremble_a motion_n beside_o we_o see_v that_o water_n will_v not_o be_v freeze_v by_o the_o blow_n of_o a_o strong_a wind_n against_o the_o outside_n of_o a_o glass_n though_o it_o will_v when_o enclose_v in_o liquor_n where_o no_o wind_n can_v come_v at_o it_o and_o those_o two_o which_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o freeze_v themselves_o and_o whereas_o mr._n hobbes_n give_v it_o as_o a_o reason_n why_o some_o well_n freeze_v not_o because_o the_o wind_n have_v not_o liberty_n to_o blow_v strong_a enough_o upon_o the_o water_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o those_o well_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o be_v freeze_v when_o northerly_a or_o easterly_a wind_n blow_v will_v freeze_v though_o cover_v over_o and_o sufficient_o guard_v from_o the_o wind_n and_o in_o cold_a winter_n whether_o the_o wind_n blow_n or_o not_o and_o whereas_o mr._n hobbes_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o lightness_n of_o ice_n above_o water_n proceed_v from_o the_o bubble_n receive_v into_o it_o whilst_o it_o be_v freeze_a the_o contrary_a be_v evident_a since_o water_n freeze_v in_o a_o seal_a glass_n will_v be_v plentiful_o stock_v with_o bubble_n as_o well_o as_o that_o which_o be_v freeze_v in_o the_o free_a air._n postscript_n to_o conclude_v this_o history_n of_o cold_a i_o shall_v instead_o of_o some_o other_o experiment_n design_v for_o this_o treatise_n subjoin_v a_o experiment_n elsewhere_o mention_v in_o the_o history_n of_o whiteness_n and_o blackness_n viz._n take_v a_o piece_n of_o cork_n and_o have_v burn_v it_o till_o it_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o black_a coal_n and_o then_o have_v slack_v it_o in_o fair_a water_n it_o will_v by_o be_v mix_v with_o gum-water_n form_n a_o black_a ink_n which_o you_o may_v write_v what_o you_o please_v with_o which_o write_v if_o it_o be_v interline_v with_o a_o colourless_a solution_n of_o minium_n in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n upon_o wet_v the_o paper_n with_o a_o sponge_n dip_v in_o a_o fluid_a liquor_n prepare_v by_o mix_v three_o part_n of_o quicklime_n and_o one_o of_o yellow_a orpiment_n and_o digest_v they_o two_o or_o three_o hour_n in_o sixteen_o part_n of_o water_n the_o invisible_a solution_n of_o minium_n will_v exhibit_v black_a letter_n and_o the_o other_o black_a one_o will_v disappear_v but_o whilst_o this_o fetid_v liquor_n be_v prepare_v it_o must_v be_v well_o shake_v several_a time_n that_o the_o quicklime_n and_o the_o powder_a orpiment_n may_v the_o better_a impregnate_n it_o and_o then_o the_o decant_v and_o filter_v liquor_n must_v be_v keep_v for_o use_v but_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v several_a other_o way_n of_o make_v ink_n which_o i_o can_v be_v glad_a to_o learn_v and_o i_o myself_o have_v try_v that_o word_n may_v be_v write_v with_o a_o solution_n of_o minium_n which_o i_o can_v render_v legible_a by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o fire_n chap._n viii_o a_o account_n of_o freeze_v make_v in_o december_n and_o january_n 1662._o by_o dr._n merret_n freeze_a several_a experiment_n about_o freeze_a the_o follow_a experiment_n be_v make_v in_o wether_n which_o be_v very_o frosty_a continue_v six_o week_n yet_o not_o without_o some_o alternate_a relaxation_n in_o stone-window_n expose_v to_o the_o north_n and_o north-east-wind_n the_o vessel_n in_o which_o they_o be_v try_v be_v glass-cane_n of_o several_a boar_n earthen_a and_o pewter_n vessel_n etc._n etc._n cold_a water_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o open_a pan_n be_v freeze_v in_o a_o hour_n boil_a water_n in_o two_o boil_v and_o cold_a water_n mix_v in_o ½_n the_o cold_a water_n beginning_n to_o freeze_v at_o the_o top_n and_o and_o side_n but_o the_o other_o at_o the_o bottom_n and_o when_o the_o water_n be_v cold_a at_o the_o top_n the_o same_o succeed_v with_o water_n throw_v upon_o a_o table_n the_o cold_a water_n be_v first_o freeze_v a_o four_o ounce_n vial_n with_o a_o stem_n a_o foot_n long_o and_o half_o fill_v be_v exhaust_v of_o air_n in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it be_v almost_o freeze_v as_o soon_o as_o water_v expose_v in_o a_o open_a pan_n and_o appear_v white_a seem_v to_o consist_v pure_o of_o bubble_n water_n in_o which_o arsenic_n be_v eight_o month_n infuse_v congeal_a into_o a_o white_a ice_n soon_o than_o water_n and_o so_o do_v solution_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o vitriol_n and_o soon_o than_o solution_n of_o other_o salt_n except_o alum_n which_o freeze_v into_o a_o ice_n white_a than_o milk_n and_o stick_v so_o fast_o to_o the_o pan_n that_o i_o can_v scarce_o separate_v it_o sandever_n present_o freeze_v but_o eris_n soon_o and_o kelp_n in_o less_o time_n than_o that_o all_o of_o they_o form_v white_a lump_n of_o ice_n salarmoniack_a frequent_o freeze_v before_o the_o rest_n of_o they_o but_o once_o after_o they_o two_o dram_n of_o common_a salt_n dissolve_v in_o four_o ounce_n of_o water_n be_v in_o hard_a frost_n congeal_v into_o a_o white_a ice_n in_o about_o thirty_o hour_n stink_v sea-water_n full_a of_o salt_n be_v expose_v in_o a_o beer-glass_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o film_n of_o ice_n as_o thick_a as_o ½_n a_o crown_n in_o twenty_o six_o hour_n when_o freeze_v it_o taste_v salt_n and_o smell_v stink_v but_o when_o thaw_v it_o have_v lose_v the_o fetor_n in_o four_o day_n more_o the_o whole_a be_v freeze_v but_o that_o in_o the_o bottom_n taste_v sharp_a than_o the_o rest_n the_o same_o water_n in_o broad_a pan_n be_v quite_o freeze_v through_o in_o thirty_o six_o hour_n and_o soon_o in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n neither_o a_o strong_a solution_n of_o salt-petre_n noâ—_n bay-salt_n nor_o salarmoniack_a be_v freeze_v in_o six_o day_n but_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n freeze_v in_o a_o little_a more_o time_n than_o water_n and_o be_v expose_v in_o a_o tube_n it_o begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n top_n and_o side_n all_o once_o whereas_o other_o liquor_n freeze_v uniform_o either_o at_o the_o top_n or_o bottom_n first_o salt-petre_n in_o a_o cold_a season_n be_v in_o twenty_o eight_o hour_n freeze_v into_o a_o white_a ice_n which_o be_v mistake_v for_o sal-prunel_a and_o sparkle_v in_o the_o fire_n as_o that_o salt_n usual_o do_v a_o lixivium_n of_o it_o make_v with_o copperas_n or_o alum_n single_o or_o mix_v set_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n or_o snow_n alone_o be_v freeze_v in_o one_o night_n salgem_n though_o snow_n and_o salt_n be_v mix_v with_o it_o and_o though_o it_o be_v set_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n will_v not_o be_v bring_v to_o freeze_v but_o phlegm_n of_o vitriol_n freeze_v soon_o than_o the_o solution_n before_o mention_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v coagulate_v soon_o than_o any_o of_o the_o afore_o mention_v liquor_n except_o water_n a_o large_a tube_n be_v fill_v ¼_n with_o it_o and_o be_v freeze_v taste_v of_o a_o strong_a vitriolate_a taste_n the_o coagulate_v part_n be_v of_o a_o pale_a colour_n than_o the_o other_o and_o both_o be_v pour_v together_o in_o a_o bottle_n it_o become_v too_o hot_a to_o hold_v in_o one_o hand_n this_o coagulate_v part_v remain_v unthaw_v a_o week_n after_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o liquor_n and_o another_o tube_n of_o the_o same_o oil_n be_v whole_o freeze_v it_o subsided_a ½_n a_o inch_n below_o its_o station_n to_o which_o it_o rise_v again_o upon_o a_o thaw_n but_o the_o other_o liquor_n rise_v upon_o congelation_n a_o flask_n of_o small_a beer_n freeze_v in_o thirty_o eight_o hour_n but_o three_o part_n of_o ale_n continue_v unfreeze_v after_o six_o day_n hard_a frost_n but_o at_o four_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n the_o unfreeze_v liquor_n taste_v much_o strong_a and_o brisk_a than_o before_o it_o be_v freeze_v the_o ice_n be_v less_o firm_a and_o full_a of_o bubble_n than_o common_a ice_n and_o be_v thaw_v be_v very_o pale_a and_o of_o a_o quick_a aleish_n taste_v a_o beer-glass_n of_o hull-ale_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o cold_a in_o a_o glass_n in_o twenty_o four_o hour_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n as_o thick_a as_o half_o a_o crown_n and_o that_o be_v take_v off_o it_o yield_v another_o and_o so_o successive_o till_o the_o whole_a be_v freeze_v these_o laminae_fw-la be_v all_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n and_o taste_v but_o the_o low_a be_v the_o most_o tender_a this_o ale_n will_v not_o freeze_v so_o soon_o as_o that_o which_o i_o expose_v before_o hull-ale_n have_v a_o brackish_a taste_n claret_n expose_v in_o a_o spoon_n in_o thirty_o five_o hour_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o soft_a ice_n which_o have_v the_o genuine_a
wear_v they_o though_o by_o a_o sick_a man_n the_o latter_a be_v more_o to_o be_v prize_v five_o but_o though_o it_o be_v so_o difficult_a to_o distinguish_v valuable_a form_n from_o those_o of_o less_o esteem_n yet_o there_o may_v be_v allow_v some_o distinction_n among_o subordinate_a form_n in_o as_o much_o as_o some_o belong_v to_o similar_v and_o other_o to_o organical_a part_n six_o among_o the_o part_n of_o plant_n or_o animal_n there_o may_v be_v some_o part_n so_o modify_v as_o to_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o seminal_a principle_n which_o upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o that_o body_n may_v act_v as_o such_o in_o actuate_a and_o guide_v some_o part_n of_o matter_n so_o as_o to_o convene_v into_o infect_v etc._n etc._n seven_o upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o specific_a form_n of_o a_o body_n the_o body_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o beset_v with_o other_o substance_n which_o may_v act_v upon_o it_o as_o the_o sun_n air_n or_o some_o other_o agent_n by_o mean_n of_o which_o the_o seminal_a principle_n may_v be_v put_v into_o action_n or_o new_a form_n may_v result_v from_o new_a contexture_n of_o that_o matter_n philosophy_n sennertus_n his_o opinion_n agreeable_a to_o the_o corpuscular_a philosophy_n these_o observation_n be_v premise_v i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o show_v that_o what_o the_o learned_a sennertus_n deliver_v be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o corpuscularian_a philosophy_n i_o agree_v then_o with_o the_o learned_a sennertus_n that_o the_o faculty_n of_o plant_n and_o animal_n depend_v not_o on_o the_o materia_fw-la prima_fw-la and_o vegetative_a or_o sensitive_a soul_n nor_o on_o the_o form_n of_o mix_v body_n consider_v bare_o as_o such_o but_o that_o there_o be_v something_o else_o requisite_a to_o produce_v that_o variety_n of_o effect_n observable_a in_o specific_a medicine_n but_o though_o i_o allow_v these_o thing_n yet_o i_o disallow_v their_o way_n of_o explain_v they_o as_o well_o as_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o which_o they_o assert_v as_o that_o subordinate_a form_n act_v under_o the_o superintendency_n of_o specific_a form_n form_n subordinate_a form_n act_v not_o under_o the_o superintendency_n of_o the_o specific_a form_n forasmuch_o as_o we_o may_v as_o easy_o attribute_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o compound_v body_n to_o the_o mix_v action_n of_o the_o compound_v ingredient_n as_o to_o the_o subservient_fw-fr action_n of_o subordinate_a form_n which_o unite_v will_v have_v a_o action_n in_o common_a and_o proper_a to_o their_o complex_n modification_n it_o be_v different_a from_o what_o each_o of_o those_o ingredient_n will_v produce_v separately_z as_o in_o a_o balance_n the_o scale_n which_o by_o its_o specific_a gravity_n ought_v to_o tend_v downward_o be_v raise_v upward_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o weight_n in_o the_o other_o scale_n so_o a_o arrow_n by_o the_o spring_n of_o a_o bow_n be_v force_v to_o fly_v in_o a_o line_n different_a from_o what_o its_o specific_a gravity_n will_v incline_v it_o to_o and_o with_o great_a violence_n and_o as_o a_o clock_n who_o part_n concur_v to_o the_o form_n of_o a_o engine_n proper_a to_o produce_v such_o effect_n as_o usual_o be_v produce_v in_o that_o machine_n do_v not_o act_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o superintendent_n specific_a form_n but_o the_o part_n be_v set_v on_o motion_n and_o move_v mechanical_o by_o the_o help_n of_o weight_n so_o several_a subordinate_a ingredient_n may_v have_v a_o joint_a effect_n each_o of_o those_o body_n cooperate_n and_o modify_v each_o other_o action_n likewise_o gunpowder_n act_v not_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o specific_a form_n superintend_v subordinate_a one_o but_o mechanical_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o joint_a effect_n of_o its_o ingredient_n which_o be_v evident_a since_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o composition_n be_v so_o different_a from_o what_o the_o separate_a ingredient_n will_v produce_v and_o as_o from_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o efficacy_n of_o it_o depend_v on_o its_o mechanic_n texture_n so_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o ingredient_n be_v but_o slight_o mix_v i_o boil_v the_o powder_n of_o it_o in_o water_n and_o evaporate_n the_o filter_v liquor_n obtain_v cristal_n of_o salt-petre_n the_o black_a stuff_n remain_v in_o the_o filtre_n be_v insipid_a and_o inflammable_a like_o sulphur_n and_o this_o black_a matter_n be_v boil_v in_o a_o strong_a lixivium_n so_o as_o to_o dissolve_v the_o sulphur_n the_o sulphureous_a liquor_n will_v run_v through_o a_o filtre_n leave_v the_o charcoal_n behind_o into_o which_o liquor_n if_o a_o acid_n spirit_n be_v drop_v the_o sulphur_n precipitate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a powder_n but_o to_o illustrate_v our_o doctrine_n of_o form_n and_o quality_n a_o little_a further_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o blue_a and_o yellow_a powder_n be_v mix_v in_o a_o just_a proportion_n produce_v a_o green_a colour_n which_o do_v not_o happen_v because_o those_o two_o ingredient_n be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o a_o predominant_a form_n but_o because_o they_o both_o be_v join_v make_v a_o compound_v impression_n upon_o the_o eye_n and_o likewise_o in_o make_v sublimate_n or_o vitriol_n all_o that_o be_v requisite_a to_o enable_v they_o to_o produce_v effect_n proper_a to_o such_o body_n be_v that_o the_o part_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o proper_a manner_n contex_v and_o modify_v together_o and_o then_o they_o be_v not_o only_o capable_a of_o perform_v what_o be_v usual_o ascribe_v to_o they_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o more_o specific_a property_n but_o some_o which_o be_v not_o different_a as_o vomit_v and_o purge_v etc._n etc._n from_o those_o effect_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v produce_v upon_o vegetable_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o a_o superintendent_n form_n so_o that_o though_o the_o operation_n of_o compound_v substance_n depend_v on_o the_o unite_a texture_n of_o subordinate_a form_n union_n neither_o be_v the_o action_n of_o compound_n whole_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o their_o union_n yet_o as_o i_o have_v before_o take_v notice_n the_o action_n of_o those_o body_n be_v not_o whole_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o their_o union_n since_o upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o that_o contexture_n each_o body_n have_v its_o determinate_a form_n and_o virtue_n as_o when_o the_o ingredient_n of_o gunpowder_n be_v again_o separate_a or_o as_o when_o a_o rose_n lose_v its_o specific_a form_n by_o be_v take_v from_o the_o tree_n but_o to_o conclude_v this_o discourse_n we_o shall_v again_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o we_o have_v before_o hint_v at_o in_o the_o beginning_n viz._n the_o unfixt_v use_n of_o the_o word_n form_n and_o that_o a_o body_n be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o this_o or_o that_o form_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o a_o very_a few_o quality_n if_o then_o the_o form_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o congery_n of_o accident_n it_o may_v by_o proper_a agent_n lose_v that_o form_n the_o subordinate_a one_o still_o remain_v undissolve_v twofold_a the_o modification_n of_o body_n twofold_a till_o a_o more_o powerful_a agent_n destroy_v they_o too_o so_o that_o a_o body_n may_v have_v a_o twofold_a modificatiod_n as_o for_o instance_n the_o spring_n of_o a_o watch_n may_v by_o be_v put_v into_o the_o fire_n lose_v that_o elastic_a virtue_n yet_o nevertheless_o the_o substance_n be_v iron_n and_o retain_v quality_n proper_a to_o such_o a_o substance_n again_o another_o instance_n we_o have_v in_o a_o rose_n which_o when_o it_o have_v lose_v its_o faculty_n of_o receive_v a_o nutritious_a sap_n from_o the_o tree_n yet_o it_o retain_v other_o quality_n which_o depend_v on_o the_o texture_n and_o modification_n of_o its_o solid_a part_n the_o former_a be_v only_a quality_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o specific_a form_n but_o the_o latter_a the_o result_n of_o its_o contexture_n to_o illustrate_v this_o notion_n a_o little_a further_o i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o the_o follow_a comparison_n viz._n that_o as_o a_o mill_n which_o be_v a_o organical_a machine_n perform_v what_o belong_v to_o it_o as_o such_o as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v supply_v with_o water_n so_o a_o plant_n be_v enable_v to_o effect_v several_a thing_n whilst_o actuate_v by_o a_o vital_a spirit_n and_o further_o as_o a_o mill_n upon_o the_o consumption_n or_o congelation_n of_o that_o water_n still_o retain_v the_o same_o part_v it_o have_v before_o so_o do_v the_o part_n of_o a_o plant_n though_o the_o soul_n cease_v its_o communicative_a virtue_n and_o to_o continue_v the_o parallel_n further_o as_o the_o constituent_a part_n of_o a_o mill_n be_v not_o destroy_v though_o the_o faculty_n of_o operate_n as_o such_o be_v lose_v so_o neither_o be_v the_o water_n but_o only_o by_o reason_n of_o congelation_n or_o evaporate_n in_o the_o form_n of_o exhalation_n cease_v to_o coexi_v in_o a_o form_n fit_a to_o turn_v the_o mill_n so_o though_o a_o plant_n or_o flower_n be_v lop_v off_o and_o retain_v the_o same_o texture_n of_o its_o solid_a
without_o make_v long_o and_o tedious_a excursion_n apply_v it_o chief_o to_o inanimate_a body_n and_o first_o i_o shall_v consider_v 1._o that_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o technical_a word_n form_n be_v indeterminate_a since_o it_o be_v not_o agree_v what_o be_v enough_o to_o determine_v what_o form_n body_n be_v of_o it_o be_v not_o only_o dispute_v whether_o water_n by_o be_v freeze_v lose_v its_o form_n or_o not_o but_o further_o several_a body_n have_v no_o particular_a form_n assign_v to_o they_o as_o ink_n gunpowder_n beer_n coal_n etc._n etc._n nay_o some_o body_n consider_v in_o different_a respect_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v more_o form_n than_o one_o as_o in_o vitrum_fw-la saturni_n which_o be_v make_v of_o lead_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o have_v the_o form_n of_o a_o metal_n or_o glass_n since_o it_o have_v a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o quality_n of_o both_o as_o fusibility_n transparency_n and_o brittleness_n and_o will_v contrary_a to_o common_a glass_n dissolve_v in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la yield_v a_o sweet_a solution_n and_o may_v be_v reduce_v into_o a_o malleable_a lead_n by_o fire_n so_o likewise_o amel_n who_o ingredient_n be_v calcine_v tin_n together_o with_o salt_n and_o sand_n and_o some_o burn_a copper_n will_v again_o yield_v most_o of_o the_o same_o distinct_a ingredient_n yet_o the_o compound_v have_v not_o all_o the_o property_n belong_v to_o these_o body_n but_o distinguish_v the_o nobleness_n of_o form_n hard_o to_o be_v distinguish_v ii_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o difficulty_n to_o determine_v the_o nobleness_n of_o form_n this_o be_v not_o only_o evident_a from_o example_n before_o give_v but_o several_a other_o as_o glass_n of_o antimony_n be_v more_o apt_a for_o some_o use_n than_o crude_a antimony_n and_o vice_n versa_fw-la again_o it_o have_v be_v former_o a_o dispute_n and_o may_v be_v a_o doubt_n still_o whether_o the_o powder_n result_v from_o gold_n and_o silver_n precipitate_v be_v a_o noble_a metal_n than_o gold_n of_o which_o be_v a_o spagerical_a physician_n and_o a_o goldsmith_n to_o judge_v the_o former_a will_v value_v the_o powder_n as_o much_o as_o the_o latter_a will_v the_o gold_n again_o though_o silver_n soder_n be_v the_o result_n of_o silver_n alloy_v with_o copper_n or_o brass_n and_o of_o very_o great_a use_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o by_o that_o mean_v render_v less_o valuable_a and_o though_o a_o plant_v be_v petrify_v and_o for_o that_o reason_n value_v as_o a_o rarity_n yet_o be_v that_o new_a form_n in_o itself_o less_o noble_a than_o the_o former_a form_n the_o most_o note_a quality_n of_o a_o body_n denominate_v its_o form_n iii_o though_o several_a alteration_n be_v make_v in_o body_n by_o a_o recess_n or_o access_n of_o quality_n yet_o they_o retain_v the_o same_o denomination_n and_o be_v say_v to_o have_v the_o same_o form_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o eminent_a quality_n or_o use_n which_o be_v proper_a to_o they_o for_o which_o reason_n vitrum_fw-la antimonii_n be_v call_v so_o because_o it_o have_v the_o fusible_a and_o transparent_a quality_n of_o glass_n though_o it_o in_o other_o respect_n beside_o its_o vomitive_a and_o purgative_n property_n have_v quality_n different_a from_o glass_n so_o all_o unctuous_a body_n as_o oil_n of_o almond_n olive_n etc._n etc._n be_v call_v oil_n because_o fluid_n and_o not_o apt_a to_o be_v mix_v with_o water_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o and_o empyreumatical_a oil_n of_o guajacum_fw-la or_o box_n so_o likewise_o several_a substance_n of_o very_a different_a effect_n be_v reckon_v among_o salt_n because_o they_o ready_o dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o be_v very_o sapid_a so_o that_o the_o word_n form_n seem_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o body_n on_o the_o account_n of_o some_o metaphysical_a conception_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o some_o general_n use_v rather_o than_o physical_a form_n by_o which_o substance_n of_o the_o same_o form_n be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o specific_a nature_n and_o virtue_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o several_a substance_n be_v general_o class_v together_o as_o they_o be_v alike_o state_n of_o matter_n rather_o than_o agreeable_a form_n as_o water_n and_o wine_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o ice_n or_o tallow_n and_o mineral_n concretes_n may_v become_v of_o the_o number_n of_o substance_n which_o constitue_a flame_n part_n the_o action_n of_o several_a compound_n depend_v on_o the_o union_n of_o their_o part_n iv_o that_o by_o compound_v body_n several_a effect_n will_v be_v produce_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o union_n and_o joynt-action_n of_o their_o ingredient_n these_o operation_n by_o the_o school_n be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v actione_n communi_fw-la as_o when_o a_o man_n dispute_v viuâ_fw-la voce_fw-la the_o rational_a soul_n concur_v with_o the_o vocal_a organ_n to_o the_o form_n of_o syllogism_n or_o to_o use_v a_o plain_a instance_n as_o a_o bullet_n act_n on_o a_o plane_n by_o virtue_n of_o its_o whole_a specific_a gravity_n though_o it_o touch_v the_o plane_n but_o in_o a_o point_n the_o other_o part_n act_v on_o it_o by_o the_o intervention_n of_o that_o or_o as_o in_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n the_o whole_a substance_n of_o a_o man_n and_o all_o that_o he_o have_v about_o he_o press_v upon_o the_o scale_n though_o he_o touch_v it_o but_o with_o his_o foot_n but_o to_o use_v a_o instance_n of_o the_o concurrent_a or_o actio_fw-la communis_fw-la of_o a_o organical_a body_n the_o effect_n of_o a_o compound_v body_n be_v like_o that_o of_o a_o watch_n where_o if_o any_o part_n be_v want_v the_o complex_n action_n so_o much_o depend_v on_o the_o common_a and_o joynt-action_n of_o the_o whole_a that_o the_o action_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v destroy_v form_n inanimate_a body_n have_v subordinate_a form_n v._o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n to_o admit_v of_o subordinate_a form_n in_o body_n inanimate_a against_o this_o it_o be_v object_v that_o one_o body_n can_v have_v two_o form_n to_o this_o it_o may_v in_o short_a be_v answer_v that_o though_o a_o body_n can_v have_v no_o more_o than_o one_o adequate_a form_n yet_o be_v a_o compound_v it_o may_v have_v several_a which_o be_v subordinate_a to_o and_o part_n of_o that_o as_o the_o part_n of_o a_o watch_n have_v each_o their_o own_o form_n which_o be_v subordinate_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o whole_a a_o second_o objection_n be_v that_o a_o body_n have_v a_o complete_a form_n whatever_o be_v concurrent_a to_o it_o make_v it_o ens_fw-la per_fw-la accidens_fw-la to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o according_a to_o the_o school_n the_o soul_n and_o body_n which_o have_v each_o separately_z distinct_a form_n be_v join_v make_v vnum_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la and_o not_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la and_o the_o rational_a faculty_n which_o be_v its_o accident_n be_v say_v to_o make_v vnum_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la so_o that_o thence_o by_o parity_n of_o reason_n though_o a_o congery_n of_o accident_n concur_v to_o the_o form_n of_o a_o body_n yet_o the_o operation_n and_o property_n of_o the_o whole_a united_n be_v one_o it_o may_v as_o well_o be_v say_v to_o be_v vnum_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la add_v to_o this_o that_o the_o peripatetic_n have_v not_o scruple_v to_o teach_v that_o the_o form_n of_o element_n be_v not_o destroy_v by_o be_v mix_v yet_o they_o hold_v each_o of_o the_o body_n make_v up_o of_o they_o to_o be_v vnum_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la but_o it_o may_v be_v further_o answer_v that_o though_o a_o form_n be_v complete_a in_o itself_o yet_o the_o form_n result_v from_o the_o union_n of_o another_o with_o it_o may_v be_v far_o more_o noble_a and_o perform_v thing_n much_o more_o curious_a than_o before_o as_o when_o sulphur_n and_o nitre_n be_v add_v to_o charcoal_n or_o when_o a_o spring_n be_v add_v to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o a_o watch_n where_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o these_o form_n the_o pre-extent_n be_v not_o destroy_v but_o improve_v the_o whole_a in_o each_o composition_n make_v one_o compound_v form_n they_o a_o superadded_a form_n may_v modify_v the_o action_n of_o subordinate_a one_o without_o destroy_v they_o vi_o sometime_o a_o superadded_a form_n be_v accidental_a to_o a_o pre-existent_a yet_o it_o modify_v the_o operation_n of_o it_o without_o alter_v its_o nature_n as_o a_o needle_n which_o have_v its_o form_n consider_v as_o steel_n beside_o its_o figure_n as_o a_o needle_n and_o by_o be_v touch_v with_o a_o loadstone_n acquire_v several_a other_o property_n as_o to_o attract_v other_o and_o instead_o of_o its_o indifferency_n to_o move_v any_o way_n regulate_v its_o motion_n so_o as_o to_o point_v north_n and_o south_n of_o which_o property_n it_o be_v again_o deprive_v by_o be_v draw_v upon_o the_o pole_n of_o a_o powerful_a loadstone_n but_o that_o we_o may_v
by_o stool_n yet_o by_o take_v away_o a_o thin_a film_n which_o divide_v the_o kernel_n into_o half_n the_o nut_n be_v as_o sweet_a as_o a_o jordan_n almond_n and_o have_v no_o sensible_a operation_n which_o relation_n be_v also_o favour_v by_o monardes_n under_o the_o title_n of_o fabae_fw-la purgatrice_n where_o he_o speak_v of_o a_o purgative_n fruit_n bring_v from_o america_n from_o carthagena_n and_o also_o from_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios._n and_o vincent_n le_fw-fr blank_n in_o his_o survey_n of_o the_o world_n p._n 260._o part._n 2._o give_v a_o account_n of_o a_o golden_a apple_n as_o bitter_a as_o gall_n contain_v five_o kernel_n of_o a_o equal_a bigness_n with_o almond_n who_o juice_n be_v sweet_a and_o he_o also_o relate_v that_o of_o a_o thick_a film_n which_o encompass_n the_o nut_n in_o the_o shell_n they_o prepare_v a_o excellent_a sweetmeat_n observation_n iu._n cheese_n further_a instance_n in_o cheese_n we_o have_v also_o a_o instance_n how_o matter_n may_v be_v alter_v by_o a_o variation_n of_o its_o texture_n in_o rot_a cheese_n which_o differ_v from_o the_o sound_n both_o in_o colour_n taste_v smell_v and_o consistence_n in_o which_o likewise_o by_o a_o good_a microscope_n we_o may_v perceive_v cluster_n of_o animal_n endue_v with_o part_n very_o different_o modify_v and_o quality_n little_a different_a from_o occult_a one_o chap._n ix_o a_o continuation_n of_o experiment_n concern_v form_n and_o quality_n experiment_n i._n mix_v a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o camphire_n gross_o beat_v with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o when_o it_o begin_v to_o dissolve_v and_o by_o shake_v the_o glass_n to_o mix_v with_o the_o oil_n it_o will_v first_fw-mi thing_fw-mi it_o with_o a_o yellow_a and_o afterward_o a_o colour_n not_o much_o different_a from_o red_a which_o tincture_n will_v be_v so_o deep_a as_o to_o render_v the_o clear_a oil_n opacous_a and_o from_o the_o ingredient_n perfect_o mix_v if_o in_o just_a proportion_n may_v be_v obtain_v a_o liquor_n void_a of_o a_o camphire_n smell_v yet_o by_o the_o sole_a addition_n of_o fair_a water_n the_o mixture_n will_v become_v pale_a and_o the_o camphire_n will_v again_o associate_v and_o form_v a_o float_a combustible_a body_n as_o before_o dissolve_v and_o renew_v its_o odour_n texture_n several_a phaenomena_n the_o result_n of_o a_o change_n in_o texture_n from_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o this_o experiment_n may_v be_v draw_v several_a instance_n to_o our_o purpose_n i._o that_o a_o light_a body_n reduce_v into_o part_n convenient_o figure_v may_v be_v mix_v with_o a_o body_n heavy_a than_o itself_o so_o that_o gold_n the_o heavy_a of_o body_n may_v float_v in_o a_o liquor_n if_o its_o part_n be_v dissolve_v and_o render_v minute_n enough_o by_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la from_o which_o two_o observation_n we_o may_v learn_v that_o the_o texture_n of_o body_n as_o well_o as_o the_o rule_n of_o hydrostaticks_n be_v concern_v in_o determine_v whether_o body_n will_v sink_v or_o swim_v ii_o that_o several_a colour_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o a_o colourless_a liquor_n and_o a_o white_a concrete_a iii_o that_o those_o colour_n may_v again_o be_v destroy_v and_o the_o former_a renew_v by_o water_n which_o can_v neither_o afford_v the_o colour_n it_o reduce_v camphire_n to_o nor_o destroy_v that_o of_o the_o liquor_n iv_o that_o a_o light_a body_n emerge_n out_o of_o one_o much_o light_a which_o do_v not_o in_o a_o heavy_a liquor_n which_o the_o mixture_n be_v before_o the_o addition_n of_o water_n which_o may_v be_v a_o argument_n against_o the_o school_n concern_v mistion_n since_o some_o of_o they_o assert_v that_o in_o mistion_n the_o element_n depose_v their_o own_o form_n and_o put_v on_o new_a whereas_o the_o camphire_n have_v not_o its_o form_n destroy_v throughout_o the_o process_n but_o still_o retain_v its_o own_o quality_n in_o a_o disposition_n to_o be_v again_o unite_v v._o it_o be_v to_o be_v admire_v that_o odour_n shall_v depend_v on_o so_o slight_a a_o texture_n that_o camphire_n by_o a_o bare_a separation_n of_o its_o part_n shall_v lose_v its_o scent_n and_o upon_o the_o mixture_n of_o a_o body_n void_a of_o odour_n shall_v again_o recover_v its_o smell_n and_o that_o so_o slight_a a_o texture_n as_o that_o of_o the_o oil_n and_o camphire_n shall_v as_o to_o sense_n whole_o for_o a_o time_n alter_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o latter_a and_o that_o several_a of_o the_o precede_a phaenomena_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o particular_a texture_n of_o the_o liquor_n make_v use_v of_o to_o exhibit_v they_o be_v manifest_a because_o if_o camphire_n be_v cast_v into_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n well_o dephlegm_v it_o will_v not_o afford_v those_o phaenomena_n which_o it_o do_v with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o when_o to_o the_o red_a mixture_n abovementioned_a two_o or_o three_o part_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v add_v instead_o of_o water_n no_o such_o change_n succeed_v but_o the_o whole_a mixture_n with_o its_o accidental_a colour_n be_v dissolve_v by_o it_o be_v in_o colour_n much_o like_o red_a turbid_v wine_n so_o that_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o mixture_n be_v whole_o owe_v to_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o oil_n and_o camphire_n and_o depend_v on_o their_o union_n which_o be_v further_o confirm_v because_o when_o we_o add_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o water_n to_o that_o turbid_v liquor_n it_o present_o depose_v its_o colour_n and_o the_o particle_n of_o camphire_n immediate_o emerge_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a powder_n but_o there_o be_v other_o phaenomena_n which_o by_o a_o prosecution_n of_o this_o experiment_n the_o mixture_n afford_v we_o for_o vi_o have_v keep_v the_o mixture_n moderate_o warm_a in_o a_o glass_n retort_n and_o distil_v it_o the_o liquor_n draw_v off_o have_v a_o smell_n unlike_o both_o that_o of_o the_o camphire_n and_o also_o that_o of_o the_o mixture_n and_o the_o ingredient_n unite_v in_o this_o mixture_n be_v both_o transparent_a in_o the_o sense_n that_o fluid_n and_o solid_a body_n contuse_v be_v say_v to_o be_v so_o yet_o the_o remain_v mass_n not_o only_o become_v opacous_a but_o of_o a_o very_a black_a colour_n some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v not_o unlike_o polish_a jet_v which_o be_v the_o more_o remarkable_a because_o camphire_n chimical_o handle_v usual_o ascend_v in_o white_a flower_n leave_v behind_o they_o a_o caput_n mortuum_n of_o a_o agreeable_a colour_n vii_o the_o last_o phaenomenon_n this_o mixture_n afford_v we_o be_v that_o though_o camphire_n be_v a_o body_n very_o much_o dispose_v to_o dissipate_v and_o fly_v away_o yet_o by_o the_o association_n of_o the_o oil_n it_o may_v be_v keep_v together_o so_o that_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n abovenamed_a be_v able_a to_o endure_v a_o pretty_a hot_a fire_n in_o the_o retort_n before_o it_o be_v reduce_v to_o that_o pitchy_a substance_n late_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o further_o it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o part_n of_o the_o substance_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o retort_n and_o keep_v in_o a_o red-hot_a crucible_n for_o half_a a_o hour_n it_o afford_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o black_a brittle_a matter_n without_o the_o least_o smell_n of_o camphire_n fixedness_n and_o volatility_n be_v so_o much_o vary_v by_o texture_n experiment_n ii_o texture_n diversity_n of_o quality_n depend_v on_o variety_n of_o texture_n among_o the_o various_a experiment_n which_o may_v be_v produce_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o diversity_n of_o quality_n depend_v on_o the_o various_a alteration_n of_o texture_n i_o shall_v instance_n those_o afford_v i_o in_o copper_n and_o silver_n by_o the_o intervention_n of_o sublimate_n where_o we_o shall_v have_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o change_n make_v by_o the_o recess_n addition_n and_o trasposition_n of_o the_o insensible_a part_n of_o matter_n first_o then_o have_v put_v a_o pound_n of_o venetian_a sublimate_n gross_o beat_v into_o a_o glass_n retort_n we_o throw_v in_o copper_n plate_n a_o inch_n broad_a and_o about_o as_o thick_a as_o a_o grain_n of_o wheat_n so_o that_o the_o ascend_v fume_n may_v by_o compulsion_n act_n on_o the_o incumbent_a metal_n which_o be_v do_v we_o place_v the_o retort_n in_o a_o sand_n furnace_n and_o have_v adapt_v a_o small_a receiver_n we_o continue_v a_o gradual_a fire_n for_o seven_o or_o eight_o hour_n and_o at_o the_o last_o increase_v it_o to_o a_o considerable_a degree_n which_o be_v as_o high_a as_o the_o furnace_n will_v permit_v the_o effect_n of_o which_o operation_n be_v the_o follow_v 1._o very_o little_a liquor_n be_v carry_v over_o into_o the_o receiver_n but_o about_o ten_o ounce_n of_o sublimate_n be_v crust_v over_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o retort_n the_o retort_n contain_v two_o ounce_n and_o a_o quarter_n of_o running_n mercury_n and_o what_o be_v to_o be_v admire_v be_v the_o acid_n spirit_n unite_n with_o the_o copper_n leave_v the_o mercury_n unaffected_a 2._o when_o the_o
mass_n in_o a_o viol_n cover_v with_o ash_n and_o be_v preserve_v in_o fusion_n for_o a_o little_a time_n afford_v a_o luna_n cornea_n but_o if_o instead_o of_o drop_v the_o salt_n upon_o the_o solution_n the_o same_o method_n just_a before_o lay_v down_o be_v take_v with_o the_o crystal_n yield_v by_o that_o solution_n moderate_o evaporate_v they_o will_v shoot_v into_o diaphanous_a brittle_a crystal_n much_o different_a from_o those_o of_o other_o metal_n endue_v with_o several_a other_o quality_n the_o quantity_n of_o salt_n interpose_v betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o the_o metal_n weigh_v but_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o compound_v mass_n in_o the_o foregoing_a process_n the_o follow_a phaenomena_n may_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o to_o our_o present_a purpose_n first_o that_o though_o acid_v and_o alcalyes_n have_v general_o contrary_a effect_n yet_o both_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la and_o spirit_n of_o salt_n have_v the_o same_o effect_n in_o precipitate_v silver_n which_o evince_n that_o the_o precipitation_n of_o body_n be_v neither_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o alkalyes_n nor_o acid_v consider_v as_o such_o but_o to_o a_o mutual_a interposition_n and_o texture_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o matter_n whereof_o those_o body_n consist_v second_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o body_n diaphanous_a and_o void_a of_o colour_n may_v be_v change_v into_o opacous_a and_o white_a one_o three_o that_o a_o white_a powder_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o yellow_a body_n in_o some_o measure_n transparent_a four_o that_o silver_n by_o a_o mixture_n of_o saline_n part_n may_v be_v render_v so_o apt_a to_o fusion_n that_o it_o will_v melt_v like_o wax_n at_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n five_o it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o though_o either_o of_o the_o ingredient_n of_o this_o mix_v body_n will_v ready_o dissolve_v in_o water_n yet_o the_o composition_n will_v not_o six_o it_o be_v to_o be_v admire_v that_o a_o body_n in_o texture_n not_o unlike_o a_o piece_n of_o horn_n shall_v be_v the_o result_n of_o a_o association_n of_o two_o rigid_a body_n wherefore_o to_o be_v satisfy_v that_o the_o alteration_n depend_v on_o the_o texture_n of_o part_n of_o the_o ingredient_n i_o make_v use_v of_o the_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n instead_o of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o find_v that_o the_o concrete_a result_v from_o a_o union_n of_o that_o with_o the_o crystal_n of_o silver_n differ_v from_o the_o former_a it_o be_v much_o more_o brittle_a and_o easy_o divide_v into_o part_n but_o what_o be_v more_o remarkable_a be_v that_o a_o body_n compound_v of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o bitter_a and_o another_o of_o the_o sowere_v taste_n shall_v be_v itself_o insipid_a or_o of_o a_o different_a taste_n from_o either_o of_o they_o and_o it_o be_v yet_o as_o strange_a that_o salt_n so_o fugitive_a and_o apt_a to_o dissipate_v in_o the_o air_n as_o those_o of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o spirit_n of_o salt_n shall_v by_o acquire_v a_o new_a texture_n put_v on_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o fixedness_n as_o to_o melt_v with_o a_o metal_n and_o that_o without_o the_o least_o perceivable_a evaporation_n experiment_n iu._n quality_n several_a phaenomena_n in_o proof_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o form_n and_o quality_n have_v make_v a_o salt_n of_o very_a different_a quality_n from_o all_o other_o and_o which_o be_v so_o nice_a in_o the_o preparation_n that_o it_o be_v as_o difficult_a to_o direct_v how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v make_v as_o to_o make_v it_o i_o shall_v rather_o choose_v to_o mention_v what_o phaenomena_n it_o afford_v i_o the_o first_o thing_n observable_a be_v that_o though_o the_o ingredient_n of_o this_o salt_n be_v eminent_o saline_n yet_o the_o salt_n itself_o be_v judge_v by_o a_o stranger_n to_o be_v sweet_a though_o it_o have_v a_o sweetness_n peculiar_a to_o itself_o as_o every_o sweet_a body_n have_v another_o thing_n considerable_a be_v that_o though_o it_o be_v of_o a_o inoffensive_a smell_n when_o cool_a yet_o if_o expose_v to_o a_o considerable_a heat_n it_o emit_v effluvium_n more_o strong_o fetid_a than_o those_o of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la spirit_n of_o ammoniac_a salt_n or_o distil_v urine_n whereas_o those_o fume_n be_v again_o unite_v into_o a_o salt_n become_v inoffensive_a as_o before_o and_o it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o though_o all_o volatile_a fix_a and_o lixiviate_v salt_n be_v so_o specifical_o different_a from_o each_o other_o that_o be_v mix_v together_o they_o ferment_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n destroy_v each_o other_o and_o unite_v into_o a_o substance_n different_a from_o each_o yet_o this_o salt_n be_v so_o powerful_a as_o to_o be_v destroy_v by_o none_o of_o they_o but_o be_v mix_v with_o any_o of_o they_o remains_z quiet_a and_o without_o the_o least_o ebullition_n but_o to_o be_v further_o satisfy_v that_o it_o be_v different_a from_o each_o of_o the_o forementioned_a salt_n i_o try_v several_a experiment_n by_o which_o i_o sound_v that_o it_o will_v neither_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n red_a as_o acid_n do_v nor_o green_a as_o volatile_a and_o fix_a salt_n usual_o do_v and_o though_o spirit_n of_o ammoniac_a salt_n or_o urine_n will_v turn_v a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n in_o water_n white_a and_o salt_n of_o tartar_n will_v give_v it_o a_o orange_a colour_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o in_o the_o least_o alter_v by_o this_o nay_o though_o this_o salt_n be_v drop_v into_o a_o solution_n of_o syrup_n of_o violet_n along_o with_o acid_n and_o alkalyes_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o hinder_v their_o effect_n though_o in_o dissolve_v several_a substance_n this_o salt_n exceed_v both_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o it_o be_v further_a observable_a that_o though_o by_o a_o gentle_a heat_n this_o salt_n whole_o sublime_v yet_o when_o mix_v with_o liquor_n it_o do_v not_o fly_v away_o as_o other_o volatile_a salt_n do_v and_o though_o it_o be_v volatile_a yet_o it_o will_v run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la as_o soon_o as_o any_o salt_n can_v do_v and_o as_o present_a reassume_v its_o own_o form_n the_o superfluous_a moisture_n be_v take_v from_o it_o add_v to_o this_o that_o by_o a_o gentle_a heat_n it_o may_v be_v dissolve_v in_o a_o limpid_a liquor_n and_o it_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o quality_n yet_o more_o admirable_a for_o it_o will_v ready_o dissolve_v either_o in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n or_o water_n or_o oil_n themselves_o whereas_o some_o body_n which_o may_v be_v dissolve_v in_o water_n can_v incorporate_v with_o oil_n or_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o è_fw-la conversò_fw-la experiment_n v._n matter_n several_a change_n in_o body_n may_v be_v effect_v by_o the_o addition_n or_o substraction_n and_o new_a modification_n of_o matter_n the_o experiment_n which_o i_o be_o about_o to_o deliver_v i_o presume_v will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v that_o considerable_a alteration_n in_o body_n may_v be_v effect_v by_o the_o access_n of_o some_o part_n and_o a_o recess_n of_o other_o the_o remain_v part_n be_v modify_v afresh_o the_o experiment_n be_v the_o follow_v viz._n digest_v for_o some_o time_n one_o part_n of_o sea-salt_n with_o a_o double_a proportion_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n which_o be_v distil_v in_o a_o retort_n till_o the_o caput_fw-la mortunm_n remain_v dry_a the_o follow_a change_n of_o quality_n will_v be_v observable_a first_o that_o it_o become_v a_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o will_v dissolve_v gold_n but_o not_o silver_n yet_o will_v precipitate_v the_o latter_a when_o dissolve_v in_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la second_o the_o taste_n be_v more_o mild_a affect_v the_o sensory_a rather_o like_o nitre_n than_o common_a salt_n three_o it_o become_v fusible_a like_a salt-petre_n and_o like_o nitre_n dissolve_v in_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n but_o four_o though_o it_o be_v a_o quality_n of_o sea-salt_n to_o resist_v the_o action_n of_o fire_n and_o of_o acid_n spirit_n to_o cool_v inflammation_n yet_o a_o lump_n of_o this_o matter_n cast_v upon_o coal_n flame_v like_o nitre_n as_o also_o by_o a_o addition_n of_o charcoal_n when_o melt_v in_o a_o crucible_n it_o will_v burn_v with_o a_o last_a and_o splendid_a flame_n which_o will_v again_o renew_v upon_o a_o fresh_a addition_n of_o burn_a charcoal_n but_o what_o i_o chief_o design_v in_o this_o experiment_n be_v to_o turn_v a_o acid_n into_o a_o alkaly_n alkaly_n a_o acid_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o alkaly_n which_o be_v effect_v by_o consume_v the_o more_o fugitive_n parth_n of_o the_o salt_n by_o repeat_v deflagration_n whereupon_o it_o acquire_v instead_o of_o a_o acid_n a_o lixiviate_v taste_n will_v turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a precipitate_v a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n into_o a_o orange_a colour_n and_o as_o other_o fix_a salt_n will_v ferment_n with_o even_a spirit_n of_o salt_n which_o alkalyzate_a nature_n can_v not_o be_v suppose_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o charcoal_n ash_n because_o the_o
what_o it_o have_v before_o but_o to_o render_v our_o present_a experiment_n more_o instructive_a i_o shall_v add_v another_o attempt_n to_o sublime_a gold_n after_o the_o follow_a method_n have_v then_o dissolve_v laminate_v gold_n in_o some_o of_o the_o above_o mention_v menstruum_fw-la we_o draw_v it_o off_o in_o a_o retort_n place_v in_o a_o sand-furnace_n by_o which_o mean_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o gold_n be_v elevate_v and_o either_o fell_a into_o the_o receiver_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o golden_a colour_a liquor_n or_o shoot_v into_o red_a crystal_n like_o ruby_n in_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o retort_n which_o in_o the_o air_n will_v run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la where_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o by_o a_o new_a affusion_n of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la upon_o the_o remain_a calx_fw-la more_o of_o itwould_v still_o be_v elevate_v by_o distillation_n but_o to_o make_v this_o experiment_n more_o serviceable_a it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o note_n that_o upon_o pour_v running_n mercury_n into_o this_o elevate_a tincture_n the_o particle_n of_o it_o be_v immediate_o guild_v and_o by_o degree_n the_o mercury_n be_v keep_v in_o motion_n the_o whole_a liquor_n lose_v its_o tincture_n which_o be_v decant_v and_o the_o guild_v mercury_n with_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o borax_n melt_v in_o a_o crucible_n the_o elevate_a gold_n be_v reduce_v into_o a_o mass_n which_o evince_v what_o i_o just_a now_o teach_v viz._n that_o a_o liquor_n may_v be_v tincture_v by_o have_v the_o part_n of_o that_o body_n from_o whence_o it_o receive_v its_o tincture_n convenient_o interweave_v in_o its_o texture_n without_o be_v whole_o destroy_v and_o here_o i_o think_v it_o seasonable_a to_o advertise_v that_o have_v elsewhere_o mention_v a_o volatile_a gold_n in_o some_o oar_n where_o none_o of_o that_o metal_n be_v to_o be_v find_v i_o will_v be_v understand_v to_o mean_v it_o volatile_a in_o no_o other_o sense_n than_o the_o forego_n sublimation_n intimate_v viz._n that_o its_o volatility_n depend_v on_o a_o mixture_n of_o volatile_a part_n which_o carry_v it_o along_o with_o they_o when_o dissolve_v into_o very_a minute_n part_n so_o as_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o swim_v in_o that_o vehicle_n experiment_n viii_o texture_n how_o so_o hard_a a_o body_n as_o silver_n etc._n etc._n may_v become_v a_o sour_a substance_n by_o a_o alteration_n of_o texture_n have_v dissolve_v a_o ounce_n of_o refine_a silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o permit_v it_o to_o crystalize_v we_o find_v that_o the_o silver_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o acid_n salt_n be_v increase_v in_o weight_n several_a drachm_n which_o distil_v in_o a_o retort_n with_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o heat_n as_o make_v the_o retort_n red_a hot_a yield_v a_o phlegm_n eminent_o sour_a which_o show_v that_o a_o very_a bitter_a body_n may_v yield_v a_o substance_n of_o a_o quite_o different_a taste_n for_o the_o liquor_n be_v cold_a in_o the_o receiver_n smoke_a as_o well_o as_o smell_v and_o taste_v like_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o by_o corrode_a copper_n turn_v it_o into_o a_o blevish_a colour_n after_o ward_v we_o make_v a_o solution_n of_o minium_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o have_v by_o filtration_n and_o evaporation_n procure_v a_o saccharum_n saturni_n we_o distil_v it_o in_o a_o well_o coated_a retort_n over_o a_o naked_a fire_n and_o obtain_v a_o offensive_a acid_n which_o have_v the_o smell_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o be_v put_v upon_o minium_n bubble_v and_o make_v a_o considerable_a noise_n present_o afford_v a_o liquor_n from_o which_o may_v easy_o be_v obtain_v a_o true_a sugar_n of_o lead_n where_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_fw-la be_v neither_o sweet_a as_o before_o distillation_n nor_o sower_n as_o the_o body_n draw_v from_o it_o but_o insipid_a and_o easy_o reducible_a by_o fusion_n into_o a_o malleable_a lead_n experiment_n phaenomena_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o this_o experiment_n in_o which_o experiment_n the_o follow_a phaenomena_n be_v also_o remarkable_a first_o that_o the_o salt_n which_o increase_v the_o silver_n in_o weight_n no_o more_o than_o a_o three_o or_o four_o part_n be_v able_a to_o sublime_a the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o fix_a body_n second_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o same_o liquor_n be_v mix_v with_o three_o several_a metal_n may_v produce_v as_o many_o different_a taste_n though_o the_o same_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la shall_v be_v successive_o make_v use_n of_o in_o those_o three_o experiment_n and_o howsoever_o vary_v in_o respect_n of_o order_n in_o the_o trial_n and_o here_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v likewise_o that_o part_n of_o the_o distil_v spirit_n of_o nitre_n be_v pour_v on_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n of_o saccharum_n saturni_n turn_v some_o part_n of_o it_o into_o a_o vitriol_n and_o another_o part_n of_o it_o be_v pour_v upon_o file_n of_o silver_n the_o silver_n be_v partly_o dissolve_v with_o a_o hiss_a noise_n be_v coagulate_v into_o a_o bitter_a salt_n experiment_n ix_o because_o transmutation_n of_o body_n who_o texture_n be_v esteem_v primordial_a as_o those_o of_o the_o element_n and_o which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v ingredient_n of_o most_o composition_n here_o below_o will_v be_v a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o possibility_n of_o alter_a the_o texture_n of_o other_o body_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v what_o progress_n i_o have_v make_v in_o order_n to_o turn_v water_n into_o earth_n earth_n a_o transformation_n of_o water_n into_o earth_n have_v therefore_o in_o a_o glass_n vessel_n distil_v fair_a rain-water_n and_o several_a time_n re-distilled_a it_o again_o we_o find_v that_o after_o every_o distillation_n there_o be_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o white_a earth_n remain_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n which_o be_v more_o plentiful_o afford_v in_o the_o latter_a distillation_n than_o the_o first_o and_o therefore_o we_o have_v the_o great_a reason_n to_o believe_v it_o can_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o water_n turn_v into_o earth_n which_o afford_v the_o follow_a phanomena_n viz._n 1._o be_v put_v into_o a_o microscope_n in_o the_o sunbeam_n exhibit_v phaenomena_n exhibit_v it_o appear_v to_o consist_v of_o part_n exceed_o fine_a which_o be_v as_o fine_a in_o the_o microscope_n as_o hair-powder_n usual_o be_v to_o the_o eye_n yet_o not_o in_o the_o least_o transparent_a 2._o be_v mix_v with_o water_n it_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o whitish_a colour_n as_o the_o powder_n of_o white_a marble_n usual_o do_v yet_o be_v settle_v in_o the_o bottom_n it_o remain_v undissolve_v 3._o after_o it_o have_v lie_v a_o considerable_a time_n in_o a_o red-hot_a crucible_n it_o be_v neither_o diminish_v in_o quantity_n nor_o do_v it_o in_o the_o least_o smoke_n 4._o it_o exceed_v water_n in_o weight_n so_o as_o to_o be_v equal_a to_o twice_o its_o bulk_n of_o common_a water_n be_v almost_o as_o heavy_a as_o wood-ash_n free_v from_o their_o salt_n which_o to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n be_v as_o 1_o to_o 2_o â…™_n which_o do_v not_o much_o come_v short_a of_o the_o weight_n of_o white_a glass_n which_o be_v twice_o and_o a_o half_o heavy_a than_o its_o weight_n of_o water_n so_o that_o from_o these_o phaenomena_n we_o have_v reason_n to_o term_v the_o forementioned_a white_a substance_n earth_n consider_v likewise_o its_o fixedness_n and_o other_o quality_n but_o further_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o glass_n in_o which_o it_o be_v distil_v be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o damage_v by_o this_o process_n as_o also_o that_o a_o ounce_n of_o water_n yield_v six_o drachm_n of_o powder_n earth_n water_n almost_o whole_o convertible_a into_o earth_n a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o water_n still_o remain_v behind_o so_o that_o this_o experiment_n be_v no_o small_a confirmation_n of_o our_o hypothesis_n for_o if_o element_n themselves_o may_v be_v transmute_v and_o artificial_o destroy_v by_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o their_o part_n why_o may_v not_o considerable_a change_n be_v effect_v also_o in_o other_o body_n by_o a_o local_a motion_n and_o a_o new_a manner_n and_o form_n of_o union_n of_o part_n of_o different_a figure_n and_o size_n since_o in_o this_o experiment_n the_o part_n of_o water_n be_v modify_v anew_o form_n a_o solid_a body_n of_o very_o different_a quality_n from_o what_o belong_v to_o it_o before_o as_o want_v of_o transparency_n solidity_n etc._n etc._n powder_n how_o water_n acquire_v the_o form_n of_o a_o solid_a powder_n as_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o its_o be_v so_o modify_v anew_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v conceive_v that_o the_o part_n of_o water_n be_v put_v into_o motion_n and_o rub_v upon_o one_o another_o by_o violent_a occursion_n may_v be_v so_o alter_v and_o adapt_v as_o to_o stick_v together_o and_o to_o form_v several_a little_a moleculae_fw-la which_o be_v more_o condense_v and_o consequent_o heavy_a than_o water_n
can_v no_o long_o swim_v in_o it_o but_o obtain_v the_o several_a new_a quality_n before_o mention_v and_o that_o the_o change_n be_v thus_o effect_v we_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v since_o by_o a_o bare_a circulation_n in_o a_o just_a degree_n of_o heat_n quicksilver_n will_v assume_v the_o form_n of_o a_o powder_n which_o will_v not_o with_o so_o much_o ease_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o fire_n as_o the_o mercury_n itself_o but_o this_o will_v be_v further_o illustrate_v by_o the_o ten_o experiment_n chemist_n inference_n draw_v against_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o chemist_n therefore_o to_o draw_v inference_n from_o this_o experiment_n which_o may_v disfavour_v the_o hypostatical_a principle_n of_o the_o chemist_n if_o water_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v change_v into_o earth_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o other_o ingredient_n of_o body_n may_v and_o in_o the_o analization_n of_o body_n there_o may_v be_v a_o transmutation_n of_o substance_n as_o well_o as_o a_o separation_n of_o pre-existent_a principle_n from_o hence_o also_o may_v be_v bring_v strong_a argument_n against_o helmont_n who_o because_o he_o boast_v of_o a_o alkahe_a which_o he_o say_v will_v turn_v all_o body_n into_o a_o liquor_n therefore_o conclude_v all_o body_n be_v make_v of_o water_n for_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o may_v say_v all_o body_n be_v make_v of_o earth_n because_o water_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o earth_n so_o that_o though_o he_o shall_v turn_v all_o body_n into_o water_n yet_o that_o water_n be_v again_o capable_a of_o be_v disguise_v it_o will_v only_o show_v that_o water_n and_o earth_n may_v be_v mutual_o transmute_v by_o a_o successive_a change_n of_o texture_n but_o to_o leave_v these_o reflection_n i_o shall_v mention_v some_o scruple_n concern_v this_o transmute_v powder_n which_o i_o can_v not_o have_v time_n to_o satisfy_v myself_o in_o as_o whether_o the_o water_n remain_v be_v light_a than_o before_o distillation_n whether_o the_o particle_n of_o insipid_a body_n may_v act_v as_o menstruum_n in_o the_o dissolution_n of_o other_o not_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v so_o change_v in_o the_o vessel_n of_o plant_n as_o to_o become_v sharp_a and_o powerful_o penetrate_v whether_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o glass-vessel_n be_v diminish_v by_o this_o experiment_n i_o shall_v likewise_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v satisfy_v whether_o water_n itself_o be_v true_o a_o homogeneous_a body_n which_o if_o it_o be_v it_o will_v be_v strange_a that_o without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o plastic_a power_n or_o seminal_a principle_n it_o shall_v be_v so_o transmute_v since_o that_o a_o bare_a convention_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o fluid_a into_o a_o concrete_a shall_v alter_v their_o specific_a gravity_n be_v hard_o if_o not_o impossible_a to_o be_v parallel_v by_o art_n but_o in_o this_o experiment_n it_o be_v further_a remarkable_a that_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n pour_v upon_o this_o powder_n will_v corrode_v it_o and_o that_o by_o a_o effusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n there_o be_v raise_v a_o considerable_a ferment_n as_o when_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v put_v upon_o lapis_fw-la stellaris_fw-la so_o that_o i_o suspect_v the_o rain-water_n may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o some_o of_o the_o sandy_a part_n of_o glass_n dissolve_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o fire_n and_o actuate_a the_o particle_n of_o it_o but_o this_o suspicion_n be_v partly_o take_v off_o because_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o like_a ebullition_n upon_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n with_o wood-ash_n which_o be_v clear_v of_o their_o salt_n in_o boil_a water_n but_o to_o conclude_v this_o experiment_n we_o may_v further_o reflect_v upon_o the_o foregoing_a suspicion_n that_o if_o the_o body_n of_o the_o glass-vessel_n be_v in_o the_o least_o dissolve_v in_o this_o operation_n it_o will_v be_v a_o powerful_a instance_n of_o the_o force_n of_o insipid_a menstruum_n and_o it_o will_v be_v no_o less_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o form_n and_o quality_n before_o deliver_v that_o water_n itself_o be_v subject_a to_o undergo_v such_o considerable_a change_n as_o this_o experiment_n show_v it_o be_v i_o may_v produce_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o on_o this_o occasion_n to_o corroborate_v what_o i_o have_v deliver_v concern_v transmutation_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o i_o as_o well_o as_o two_o several_a person_n who_o i_o employ_v have_v without_o the_o addition_n of_o any_o thing_n obtain_v from_o spirit_n of_o wine_n which_o be_v whole_o inflammable_a a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o phlegm_n and_o that_o too_o without_o its_o be_v affect_v by_o any_o visible_a body_n experiment_n x._o result_v consider_v able_a change_n may_v be_v wrought_v in_o body_n by_o mixture_n and_o the_o texture_n thence_o result_v to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v a_o experiment_n to_o show_v what_o sudden_a production_n and_o alteration_n of_o quality_n may_v be_v effect_v by_o a_o coalition_n of_o the_o small_a number_n of_o ingredient_n general_o take_v for_o homogeneous_a body_n from_o whence_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o change_n of_o body_n in_o themselves_o considerable_a may_v be_v effect_v by_o very_o easy_a mixture_n viz._n have_v by_o degree_n mix_v a_o equal_a weight_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n together_o and_o place_v they_o in_o a_o bolt-head_n stop_v close_o with_o hard_a wax_n and_o a_o cork_n digest_v the_o mixture_n in_o a_o moderate_a heat_n for_o some_o time_n then_o pour_v it_o out_o into_o a_o glass_n cucurbit_n lute_v on_o a_o head_n and_o a_o receiver_n to_o preserve_v the_o subtle_a spirit_n from_o fly_v away_o then_o with_o a_o moderate_a heat_n draw_v off_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n till_o the_o drop_v begin_v to_o come_v over-sowrish_a then_o shift_v the_o receiver_n and_o careful_o go_v on_o with_o the_o distillation_n increase_v the_o fire_n till_o as_o much_o be_v draw_v off_o as_o you_o can_v keep_v the_o substance_n remain_v in_o the_o cucurbit_n in_o a_o glass_n well_o stop_v and_o secure_a from_o the_o air._n the_o phaenomena_n exhibit_v by_o this_o experiment_n be_v the_o follow_v first_o that_o the_o spirit_n first_o draw_v from_o these_o two_o inodorous_a body_n be_v endow_v with_o a_o smell_v different_a from_o all_o other_o and_o part_n though_o pleasant_a and_o fragrant_a yet_o very_o subtle_a and_o penetrate_a second_o that_o the_o liquor_n draw_v off_o last_o have_v a_o very_a strong_a sulphureous_a smell_n which_o stink_v and_o affect_v the_o sensory_a so_o powerful_o that_o it_o will_v almost_o take_v away_o one_o breath_n three_o this_o mixture_n yield_v a_o liquor_n which_o will_v mix_v with_o neither_o of_o the_o former_a yet_o be_v very_o subtle_a pleasant_a and_o aromatical_a four_o the_o substance_n remain_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v opacous_a and_o almost_o as_o black_a as_o jet_v and_o withal_o very_o brittle_a five_o and_o though_o it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o two_o liquor_n the_o one_o corrosive_a and_o the_o other_o inflammable_a and_o both_o of_o very_o pungent_a taste_n yet_o be_v it_o void_a of_o taste_n and_o can_v not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n if_o at_o all_o be_v bring_v to_o burn_v six_o neither_o will_v it_o be_v mix_v for_o some_o day_n with_o water_n though_o the_o oil_n and_o spirit_n ready_o diffuse_v themselves_o in_o that_o liquor_n beside_o it_o be_v of_o so_o very_o fix_v a_o nature_n that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v raise_v by_o a_o strong_a and_o last_a fire_n though_o both_o oil_n and_o vitriol_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v extreme_o volatile_a and_o now_o have_v thus_o in_o short_a lay_v down_o these_o experiment_n as_o sufficient_a proof_n of_o the_o doctrine_n before_o deliver_v i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o this_o reflection_n viz._n that_o in_o all_o the_o change_n and_o alteration_n that_o have_v be_v effect_v by_o art_n it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o depend_v on_o the_o imaginary_a substantial_a form_n of_o the_o school_n that_o they_o evident_o appear_v to_o be_v the_o sole_a effect_n of_o local_a motion_n so_o alter_v the_o figure_n and_o size_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o body_n or_o otherwise_o transpose_v they_o as_o upon_o a_o fresh_a association_n and_o coalition_n of_o they_o to_o form_v new_a concretes_n of_o texture_n very_o different_a from_o the_o former_a and_o if_o motion_n bulk_n and_o shape_v together_o with_o peculiar_a texture_n be_v enough_o to_o cause_v so_o many_o different_a phaenomena_n as_o have_v be_v lay_v down_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o other_o quality_n may_v not_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o same_o fertile_a principle_n since_o all_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n and_o art_n in_o alter_v the_o form_n of_o natural_a body_n lie_v in_o this_o viz._n that_o in_o the_o work_v of_o nature_n active_a and_o passive_a body_n casual_o meet_v together_o and_o
in_o the_o latter_a the_o different_a substance_n concern_v in_o every_o new_a production_n be_v bring_v together_o by_o a_o artist_n for_o in_o both_o the_o agent_n act_v as_o a_o natural_a agent_n chap._n x._o a_o experiment_n with_o some_o consideration_n touch_v the_o differ_a part_n and_o redintegration_n of_o salt-petre_n salt-petre_a be_v a_o concrete_a so_o universal_o concern_v in_o the_o composition_n of_o most_o body_n that_o it_o will_v be_v of_o no_o small_a import_n to_o natural_a philosophy_n to_o inquire_v thorough_o into_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o which_o will_v in_o some_o measure_n appear_v by_o consider_v how_o many_o substance_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o it_o or_o turn_v into_o it_o which_o will_v be_v brief_o intimate_v in_o the_o follow_a experiment_n salt-petre_n a_o attempt_n to_o redintegrate_a the_o form_n of_o salt-petre_n have_v according_a to_o the_o usual_a method_n crystalize_v nitre_n we_o melt_v four_o ounce_n of_o it_o in_o a_o crucible_n into_o a_o limpid_a liquor_n throw_v in_o live-coal_n successive_o till_o it_o will_v kindle_v and_o fulminate_v no_o long_o and_o continue_v it_o in_o a_o strong_a fire_n a_o considerable_a time_n to_o dissipate_v the_o remain_a volatile_a part_n and_o then_o break_v the_o crucible_n we_o divide_v the_o fix_a nitre_n immediate_o into_o two_o portion_n one_o of_o which_o be_v dissolve_v in_o as_o much_o water_n as_o be_v sufficient_a we_o drop_v in_o spirit_n of_o salt-petre_n till_o the_o ebullition_n raise_v by_o the_o mixture_n of_o these_o liquor_n whole_o cease_v and_o then_o filtrate_v the_o mix_v liquor_n we_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o open_a glass-viol_n and_o on_o the_o other_o part_n undissolve_v we_o likewise_o drop_v the_o same_o spirit_n till_o the_o firmentation_n cease_v expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o open_a glass-jar_a in_o the_o former_a mixture_n wherein_o the_o water_n be_v put_v in_o a_o few_o hour_n certain_a crystal_n of_o salt-petre_n stick_v to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n among_o which_o be_v several_a other_o crystal_n like_o mustardseed_n encompass_v with_o a_o downy_a substance_n the_o crystal_n the_o next_o day_n be_v considerable_o great_a be_v take_v out_o and_o both_o by_o their_o burn_a and_o shape_n appear_v to_o be_v nitrous_a nitrous_a salt_n be_v furnish_v with_o flat_a side_n which_o when_o opposite_a be_v usualy_a parallel_n and_o as_o for_o that_o downy_a matter_n which_o adhere_v to_o some_o of_o they_o we_o judge_v it_o to_o proceed_v from_o the_o disproportion_n of_o the_o volatile_a and_o fix_a part_n of_o the_o nitre_n which_o be_v to_o be_v join_v together_o anew_o these_o thing_n be_v observe_v we_o pour_v the_o remain_a liquor_n into_o a_o open_a glass-vessel_n which_o in_o about_o three_o weaks-time_n be_v again_o saturate_v with_o petre_n we_o pour_v it_o from_o the_o salt_n and_o evaporate_v it_o in_o a_o digest_v furnace_n the_o other_o mixture_n which_o be_v only_o fix_v nitre_n and_o spirit_n of_o salt-petre_n for_o the_o most_o part_n present_o subside_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o salt_n which_o when_o dry_v in_o the_o air_n be_v of_o very_o irregular_a figure_n and_o in_o some_o part_n not_o much_o different_a in_o shape_n from_o salt-petre_n which_o it_o also_o much_o resemble_v in_o burn_v though_o the_o deflagration_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n peculiar_a to_o itself_o but_o this_o salt_n together_o with_o the_o liquor_n swim_v upon_o it_o be_v preserve_v in_o the_o air_n for_o about_o a_o month_n long_o after_o evaportion_n the_o one_o half_a shot_n into_o crystal_n which_o burn_v much_o like_o petre_n and_o have_v a_o similar_v figure_n though_o a_o different_a taste_n and_o the_o other_o half_a be_v speedy_o exhale_v shoot_v into_o crystal_n of_o a_o distinct_a figure_n from_o all_o other_o experiment_n caution_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n now_o to_o make_v this_o experiment_n clear_a the_o follow_a thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o in_o fix_v the_o nitre_n new-coal_n be_v not_o to_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o crucible_n till_o the_o former_a be_v almost_o spend_v or_o be_v throw_v out_o by_o the_o violent_a exhalation_n of_o nitrous_a and_o volatile_a part_n 2._o that_o the_o quantity_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n drop_n '_o upon_o the_o fix_a nitre_n be_v almost_o proportionable_a to_o the_o salt-petre_n spend_v in_o the_o fix_v of_o it_o 3._o that_o this_o fix_a nitre_n be_v very_o little_a different_a in_o taste_n from_o salt_n of_o tartar_n have_v the_o same_o aptness_n to_o absorb_n air_n and_o to_o relaxate_v in_o moist_a air_n yet_o it_o differ_v in_o colour_n be_v betwixt_o a_o blue_n and_o a_o green_a one_o which_o it_o lose_v upon_o the_o affusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n salt-petre_n another_o method_n of_o reunite_a the_o part_n of_o salt-petre_n but_o this_o method_n be_v tedious_a i_o shall_v propose_v a_o way_n more_o expedition_n which_o be_v this_o have_v run_v fix_v nitre_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la and_o by_o filtration_n separate_v it_o from_o its_o face_n we_o drop_v upon_o the_o liquor_n spirit_n of_o nitre_n which_o after_o a_o ferment_n usual_a to_o a_o mixture_n of_o those_o liquor_n present_o shoot_v into_o crystal_n in_o shape_n as_o well_o as_o nature_n manifest_o nitrous_a method_n a_o three_o method_n another_o way_n we_o take_v be_v this_o have_v impregnate_v a_o solution_n of_o fix_a nitre_n in_o water_n with_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o filtrate_v it_o through_o cap-paper_n the_o cool_a liquor_n in_o a_o short_a time_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n like_o those_o of_o petre_n and_o the_o liquor_n be_v again_o evaporate_v afford_v a_o fresh_a quantity_n of_o crystal_n not_o unlike_o the_o former_a but_o lest_o the_o sal-petre_n re-produced_a by_o the_o coalition_n of_o these_o two_o body_n shall_v be_v think_v to_o lodge_v in_o the_o fix_a nitre_n and_o only_o to_o be_v unyoke_v by_o their_o solution_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o annex_v that_o the_o great_a quantity_n that_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o remain_v in_o the_o fix_a nitre_n will_v not_o amount_v to_o such_o a_o quantity_n as_o that_o mixture_n afford_v and_o to_o make_v the_o matter_n less_o suspicious_a we_o impregnate_v a_o solution_n of_o pot-ash_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o have_v do_v the_o fix_a nitre_n tartar_n salt-petre_n obtain_v from_o pot-ash_n aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o salt_n of_o tartar_n which_o after_o filtration_n and_o evaparation_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n which_o 0103_o 0207_o five_o 3_o be_v very_o like_o salt-petre_n in_o taste_n as_o well_o as_o their_o deflagration_n upon_o live-coal_n we_o likewise_o obtain_v a_o small_a quantity_n of_o salt-petre_n from_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o salt_n of_o tartar_n associate_v but_o to_o draw_v inference_n from_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n from_o hence_o we_o may_v learn_v that_o the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o body_n may_v be_v account_v for_o by_o the_o mechanical_a motion_n together_o with_o the_o figure_n and_o disposition_n or_o modification_n of_o their_o part_n and_o first_o though_o salt-petre_n be_v a_o body_n inward_o and_o in_o itself_o cool_a yet_o the_o part_n of_o it_o different_o modify_v in_o our_o experiment_n be_v put_v together_o do_v immediate_o put_v each_o other_o into_o so_o violent_a a_o heat_n that_o i_o can_v with_o much_o ado_n hold_v the_o glass_n in_o my_o hand_n so_o that_o heat_n seem_v to_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o quick_a motion_n of_o the_o fine_a particle_n of_o body_n since_o it_o no_o long_o continue_v in_o that_o mixture_n than_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v in_o agitation_n upon_o the_o mixture_n of_o these_o two_o viz._n the_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n with_o the_o fix_a there_o be_v likewise_o produce_v a_o audible_a sound_n proceed_v from_o the_o percussion_n of_o the_o air_n by_o the_o swift_o and_o impetuous_o agitate_a part_n of_o the_o mixture_n a_o sound_v like_a to_o which_o be_v produce_v by_o a_o hot_a coal_n cast_v into_o water_n or_o into_o melt_a nitre_n in_o a_o crucible_n though_o the_o latter_a cause_n a_o sound_n much_o loud_o which_o sound_v probable_o proceed_v from_o the_o percussion_n of_o the_o air_n because_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o bullet_n or_o a_o stick_n where_o the_o quickness_n of_o the_o percussion_n put_v the_o air_n into_o a_o undulate_a motion_n will_v cause_v a_o sound_n as_o soon_o as_o that_o undulate_a motion_n reach_v the_o ear_n and_o it_o be_v further_o confirm_v because_o that_o sound_v no_o long_o continue_v than_o the_o part_n be_v violent_o agitate_a and_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o sound_n produce_v by_o the_o mutual_a conflict_n cease_v long_o before_o the_o heat_n which_o be_v acquire_v by_o that_o ebullition_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o same_o intestine_a motion_n of_o part_n which_o be_v able_a to_o produce_v heat_n be_v incapable_a of_o cause_v
have_v to_o stick_v to_o the_o pore_n of_o another_o whence_o some_o fluid_a body_n who_o part_n be_v not_o adapt_v so_o as_o to_o adhere_v to_o the_o pore_n of_o other_o body_n want_v that_o quality_n as_o quicksilver_n which_o slip_v over_o the_o surface_v of_o most_o body_n without_o stick_v to_o they_o though_o in_o respect_n of_o some_o as_o gold_n or_o tin_n it_o may_v be_v esteem_v fluid_fw-la since_o inasmuch_o as_o it_o dissolve_v they_o it_o have_v much_o the_o same_o virtue_n as_o liquid_n have_v in_o soften_a other_o substance_n and_o that_o humidity_n depend_v on_o a_o apt_a configuration_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n and_o their_o congruity_n with_o the_o pore_n of_o other_o body_n be_v further_a evident_a since_o water_n itself_o in_o respect_n of_o some_o body_n be_v not_o moist_a as_o the_o feather_n of_o swan_n duck_n etc._n etc._n add_v to_o this_o that_o it_o be_v further_a observable_a that_o when_o the_o texture_n of_o a_o liquor_n be_v change_v it_o may_v adhere_v to_o body_n it_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o before_o as_o for_o instance_n though_o neither_o quicksilver_n lead_v tin_n or_o tin-glass_n will_v stick_v to_o glass_n yet_o a_o due_a proportion_n of_o each_o mix_v together_o will_v present_o without_o the_o assistance_n of_o fire_n adhere_v to_o it_o nonexistence_n that_o the_o pore_n of_o a_o body_n can_v be_v perceive_v no_o argument_n of_o their_o nonexistence_n but_o further_o if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o insensible_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o fluid_a body_n be_v but_o imaginary_a and_o precarious_a since_o the_o smallness_n of_o they_o make_v they_o too_o fine_a to_o appear_v i_o must_v answer_v that_o since_o their_o vacuity_n be_v so_o small_a as_o not_o to_o be_v visible_a it_o be_v as_o impossible_a to_o discern_v their_o part_n and_o consequent_o the_o motion_n of_o they_o since_o one_o part_n be_v so_o present_o succeed_v by_o another_o that_o the_o eye_n have_v always_o a_o whole_a heap_n before_o it_o though_o separate_v by_o pore_n so_o small_a as_o to_o be_v undiscerned_a and_o though_o the._n vacuity_n betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o powder_a nitre_n be_v so_o large_a as_o to_o be_v discern_v by_o the_o eye_n yet_o when_o its_o corpuscle_n by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v render_v more_o minute_n not_o only_a salt-petre_n but_o gold_n also_o be_v say_v to_o possess_v a_o less_o space_n and_o consequent_o must_v leave_v less_o vacuity_n betwixt_o their_o part_n and_o which_o be_v altogether_o invisible_a to_o the_o eye_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o body_n appear_v continuous_a determine_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o liquids_n various_o determine_v and_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o fluid_a body_n be_v in_o motion_n various_o determine_v appear_v from_o their_o effect_n since_o they_o not_o only_o penetrate_v but_o putrify_v some_o body_n and_o present_o dissolve_v they_o as_o when_o sugar_n be_v cast_v into_o water_n that_o sweet_a substance_n be_v dissolve_v and_o its_o part_n so_o much_o associate_v with_o those_o of_o the_o water_n as_o to_o be_v carry_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o which_o be_v further_a observable_a in_o sea-water_n who_o salt_n upon_o evaporation_n swim_v at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o remain_a liquor_n and_o it_o be_v not_o less_o remarkable_a that_o a_o solution_n of_o gold_n in_o aquaregis_n will_v present_o tincture_n twenty_o time_n as_o much_o fair_a water_n and_o further_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o flame_n may_v be_v discern_v to_o move_v very_o fierce_o even_o by_o the_o eye_n be_v common_o know_v and_o further_o confirm_v both_o by_o their_o operation_n and_o the_o ray_n which_o every_o way_n expand_v themselves_o and_o strike_v against_o the_o neighbour_a body_n and_o that_o the_o air_n have_v its_o part_n in_o a_o constant_a motion_n various_o agitate_a we_o have_v ä_n great_a deal_n of_o reason_n to_o believe_v since_o we_o may_v easy_o discern_v whole_a swarm_n of_o mote_n swim_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o sunbeam_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o in_o clear_a sunshine_a day_n we_o may_v perceive_v on_o the_o wall_n of_o church_n and_o other_o spacious_a building_n certain_a obscure_a shade_n to_o quiver_n and_o tremble_v and_o we_o have_v yet_o a_o further_a instance_n in_o salt_n of_o tartar_n which_o after_o fusion_n be_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n leave_v in_o a_o moist_a cellar_n will_v dissolve_v and_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o a_o clear_a liquor_n by_o imbibe_v the_o moistness_n of_o the_o circumambient_a air_n which_o penetrate_v and_o get_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o salt_n by_o a_o intestine_a and_o powerful_a motion_n and_o it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v note_a that_o if_o in_o summer_n cold_a water_n be_v put_v into_o a_o glass_n the_o moist_a vapour_n which_o move_v about_o it_o will_v be_v condense_v on_o the_o outward_a side_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o appear_v in_o the_o form_n of_o dew_n those_o moist_a particle_n which_o swim_v in_o the_o air_n be_v by_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o its_o part_n successive_o drive_v upon_o the_o external_n superficies_n of_o it_o in_o try_v of_o which_o experiment_n it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o the_o dew_n on_o the_o outside_n be_v not_o to_o be_v observe_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o it_o and_o these_o relation_n be_v the_o less_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o so_o weighty_a a_o body_n as_o lead_v may_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o smoke_n a_o considerable_a height_n into_o the_o air_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o proper_a vessel_n place_v in_o a_o convenient_a furnace_n which_o smoke_n will_v be_v soon_o scatter_v and_o disperse_v by_o the_o various_a motion_n of_o aerial_a particle_n and_o this_o experiment_n do_v not_o only_o show_v that_o the_o part_n of_o air_n be_v in_o a_o perpetual_a motion_n but_o also_o how_o much_o the_o minuteness_n of_o they_o contribute_v to_o their_o fluidity_n and_o though_o quicksilver_n much_o exceed_v any_o other_o body_n in_o weight_n except_o gold_n yet_o it_o be_v minute_n part_n agitate_a and_o raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o vapour_n will_n like_o other_o small_a particle_n of_o matter_n glide_v to_o and_o fro_o in_o the_o air_n whence_o it_o have_v oftentime_o happen_v that_o in_o evaporate_n of_o it_o several_a piece_n of_o gold_n have_v be_v so_o whiten_v over_o with_o the_o fume_n of_o it_o as_o not_o to_o be_v get_v off_o again_o without_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o trouble_n but_o to_o make_v it_o almost_o visible_a that_o the_o part_n of_o liquid_a body_n be_v perpetual_o in_o a_o various_o determine_v motion_n mix_v a_o solution_n of_o unrefined_a silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la with_o 15_o time_n its_o proportion_n of_o fair_a water_n decant_v or_o filtrate_v the_o clear_a mixture_n in_o which_o liquor_n the_o part_n of_o the_o silver_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o discern_v though_o upon_o immerge_v a_o copperplate_n into_o it_o the_o particle_n of_o that_o metal_n which_o before_o swim_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o mixture_n present_o adhere_v to_o the_o copper_n and_o crust_v it_o over_o with_o a_o metalline_a powder_n and_o if_o the_o copper_n plate_n remain_v in_o that_o liquor_n for_o a_o night_n the_o whole_a scatter_a corpuscle_n of_o silver_n will_v be_v collect_v together_o about_o they_o the_o liquor_n be_v tincture_v with_o a_o blue_a tincture_n by_o some_o part_n of_o the_o copper_n corrode_v and_o divide_v into_o part_n by_o the_o salt_n part_v of_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o to_o render_v this_o experiment_n still_o more_o useful_a i_o have_v observe_v that_o by_o let_v a_o piece_n of_o spiltre_n lie_v in_o this_o tincture_n for_o some_o day_n the_o copper_n particle_n be_v gather_v round_o about_o that_o also_o from_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o liquor_n which_o can_v not_o be_v be_v not_o the_o water_n in_o a_o perpetual_a intestine_a motion_n so_o that_o its_o part_n may_v by_o often_o change_v their_o place_n successive_o strike_v against_o the_o spelter_n and_o so_o leave_v the_o silver_n behind_o to_o this_o experiment_n may_v be_v add_v another_o which_o i_o have_v long_o since_o try_v when_o first_o i_o begin_v to_o consider_v the_o reason_n of_o fluidity_n i_o drop_v then_o into_o spirit_n of_o wine_n moderate_o deflegm_v a_o small_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n let_v it_o fall_v so_o far_o that_o it_o may_v by_o the_o force_n of_o it_o be_v break_v into_o small_a drop_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o tenacity_n be_v unapt_a to_o mix_v with_o the_o spirit_n will_v swim_v upon_o it_o and_o be_v move_v up_o and_o down_o various_o and_o irregular_o by_o the_o spirituous_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n which_o strike_v against_o they_o in_o their_o ascension_n and_o whilst_o these_o spirituous_a part_n continue_v to_o exhale_v it_o be_v
pleasant_a to_o behold_v how_o the_o globous_a part_n of_o the_o oil_n will_v sometime_o be_v gather_v together_o and_o almost_o unite_v and_o present_o after_o be_v again_o disperse_v abroad_o and_o move_v to_o and_o fro_o among_o one_o another_o and_o this_o motion_n will_v continue_v till_o the_o most_o agile_a and_o spirituous_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v whole_o spend_v and_o lest_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o oily_a part_n shall_v be_v suspect_v to_o arise_v from_o some_o antipathy_n betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o liquor_n i_o try_v the_o experiment_n with_o small_a chopped_a straw_n which_o be_v likewise_o impetuous_o and_o confuse_o move_v up_o and_o down_o on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o spirit_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v learn_v that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o intestine_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o liquid_a substance_n though_o it_o be_v not_o discern_v by_o the_o eye_n i_o may_v here_o reckon_v up_o a_o great_a many_o more_o phaenomena_n exhibit_v by_o this_o experiment_n but_o it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o take_v notice_n beside_o what_o have_v be_v already_o deliver_v that_o some_o of_o the_o aforementioned_a spirit_n be_v close_v up_o in_o a_o glass_n hermetical_o seal_v to_o try_v whether_o the_o oily_a drop_n will_v continue_v their_o motion_n when_o the_o vinous_a spirit_n can_v not_o exhale_v the_o vessel_n be_v present_o break_v without_o any_o force_n otherwise_o discernible_a than_o by_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o and_o that_o the_o small_a part_n of_o the_o most_o weighty_a liquor_n be_v actual_o in_o a_o continual_a motion_n may_v not_o only_o appear_v from_o what_o have_v go_v before_o but_o may_v be_v further_o confirm_v since_o quicksilver_n will_v not_o only_o penetrate_v into_o the_o pore_n but_o destroy_v the_o texture_n of_o so_o solid_a a_o metal_n as_o foliate_v gold_n and_o salt_n of_o tartar_n though_o cold_a be_v able_a to_o extract_v tincture_n from_o several_a body_n and_o that_o the_o part_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v in_o a_o perpetual_a motion_n may_v be_v evince_v by_o the_o corrosive_a quality_n of_o it_o which_o it_o powerful_o exert_v without_o the_o assistance_n of_o heat_n not_o only_o in_o corrode_a metal_n but_o if_o piece_n of_o camphire_n be_v throw_v into_o it_o they_o be_v present_o turn_v into_o a_o oily_a substance_n and_o whoever_o be_v unwilling_a to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o intestine_a motion_n of_o part_n in_o these_o two_o oil_n may_v easy_o be_v undeceive_v by_o the_o heat_n and_o ebullition_n which_o follow_v upon_o the_o mixture_n of_o they_o agitate_a together_o in_o a_o glass_n but_o here_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o though_o it_o be_v a_o essential_a property_n of_o fluid_a body_n that_o one_o particle_n ready_o give_v way_n to_o another_o and_o that_o the_o other_o be_v as_o apt_a to_o succeed_v in_o the_o place_n of_o it_o interchangeable_o yet_o that_o be_v not_o to_o be_v conceive_v of_o all_o fluid_a body_n in_o general_n but_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v only_o in_o such_o body_n as_o be_v either_o simple_a and_o homogeneous_a or_o as_o have_v a_o aptitude_n to_o mix_v with_o each_o other_o as_o wine_n and_o water_n since_o there_o be_v some_o liquid_a body_n which_o will_v not_o be_v mix_v together_o but_o like_o compact_a substance_n resist_v the_o impression_n of_o each_o other_o superficies_n and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o lucretius_n and_o some_o other_o of_o the_o ancient_a atomist_n shall_v overlook_v so_o obvious_a a_o observation_n since_o it_o be_v apparent_a in_o oil_n which_o will_v not_o mix_v with_o water_n but_o more_o eminent_o in_o quicksilver_n which_o deny_v to_o mix_v any_o of_o those_o liquor_n which_o be_v familiar_a among_o they_o but_o to_o add_v a_o experiment_n which_o be_v more_o remarkable_a have_v so_o prepare_v and_o open_v the_o body_n of_o copper_n with_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a as_o to_o render_v the_o prepare_a mineral_n inflammable_a i_o apply_v some_o grain_n of_o it_o to_o the_o wiek_n of_o a_o candle_n by_o the_o force_n of_o who_o flame_n it_o be_v not_o only_o melt_v but_o carry_v up_o along_o with_o the_o tallow_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o flame_n where_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o flame_n of_o it_o be_v both_o last_a and_o as_o distinct_a from_o that_o of_o the_o candle_n as_o if_o the_o two_o flame_n have_v be_v separate_v by_o the_o interposition_n of_o some_o other_o body_n other_o why_o some_o liquid_n be_v unapt_a to_o mix_v with_o each_o other_o but_o to_o return_v to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o unaptness_n of_o liquor_n to_o mix_v with_o one_o another_o the_o reason_n in_o general_n seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o particular_a texture_n and_o peculiar_a motion_n of_o their_o part_n and_o this_o i_o be_o the_o rather_o induce_v to_o believe_v because_o salt_n of_o tartar_n dissolve_v by_o the_o moistness_n of_o the_o air_n into_o a_o liquid_a form_n will_v ready_o mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n the_o texture_n be_v only_o change_v by_o a_o addition_n of_o water_n though_o before_o they_o both_o have_v their_o distinct_a superficies_n and_o though_o mix_v by_o a_o violent_a motion_n yet_o will_v present_o separate_v again_o and_o each_o regain_v its_o former_a position_n and_o oil_n or_o spirit_n of_o turpentine_n gentle_o draw_v off_o from_o sea-salt_n melt_v or_o well_o decrepitate_v will_v ready_o mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n though_o there_o be_v no_o sensible_a difference_n betwixt_o that_o oil_n and_o another_o which_o will_v not_o again_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n digest_v for_o some_o time_n with_o oil_n of_o almond_n will_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o soft_a saponary_a substance_n though_o by_o a_o strong_a agitation_n lixivial_a liquor_n can_v be_v mix_v with_o oil_n moreover_o though_o cold_a quicksilver_n will_v not_o mix_v with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n yet_o the_o boil_a oil_n will_v by_o pierce_v its_o substance_n both_o altar_n and_o incorporate_v with_o it_o figure_n the_o superficies_n of_o liquid_n by_o press_v one_o against_o another_o give_v each_o other_o a_o determinate_a figure_n there_o remain_v one_o thing_n yet_o to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o concern_v the_o difference_n in_o fluid_a body_n which_o be_v that_o some_o of_o they_o which_o will_v touch_v each_o other_o superficies_n without_o mixture_n will_v also_o reduce_v they_o to_o a_o determinate_a shape_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v pour_v upon_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la though_o the_o contiguous_a superficies_n of_o both_o be_v parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n yet_o the_o upper_a superficies_n of_o the_o spirit_n will_v be_v endue_v with_o a_o visible_a concavity_n if_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v in_o a_o slender_a glass_n unstop_v in_o which_o liquor_n it_o may_v be_v further_o note_v that_o upon_o a_o mixture_n of_o oil_n of_o almond_n it_o present_o separate_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o oil_n of_o almond_n contiguous_a to_o the_o oil_n of_o tartar_n be_v level_n as_o well_o as_o that_o which_o be_v next_o to_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n but_o if_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n be_v pour_v upon_o it_o instead_o of_o oil_n of_o almond_n it_o will_v be_v divide_v into_o several_a portion_n some_o of_o which_o swim_v in_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n will_v be_v of_o a_o globular_a figure_n and_o other_o which_o rise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o liquor_n will_v be_v partly_o level_v with_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o liquor_n and_o partly_o spherical_a on_o the_o immersed_a superficies_n and_o it_o may_v be_v yet_o further_o observe_v that_o some_o globular_a part_n will_v though_o the_o liquor_n be_v shake_v continual_o swim_v upon_o the_o oil_n of_o tartar_n be_v contiguous_a to_o it_o only_o in_o a_o point_n but_o what_o be_v more_o remarkable_a be_v that_o several_a drop_n of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n fall_v into_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n lay_v upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o oil_n of_o tartar_n like_v so_o many_o hemisphere_n their_o convex_a superficies_n be_v upward_o yet_o by_o degree_n they_o become_v globular_a be_v equal_o press_v on_o every_o side_n and_o touch_v the_o oil_n of_o tartar_n only_o in_o a_o point_n and_o these_o experiment_n i_o have_v the_o rather_o recite_v because_o they_o be_v add_v to_o that_o which_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o torrecellian_a experiment_n by_o suspending_a mercury_n in_o the_o air_n by_o admit_v air_n into_o the_o glass_n tube_n so_o as_o to_o separate_v the_o mercurial_a pipe_n into_o several_a short_a one_o which_o will_v have_v on_o each_o side_n a_o superficies_n something_o convex_a because_o i_o say_v they_o may_v be_v of_o use_n in_o account_v for_o the_o different_a configuration_n of_o fluid_a body_n as_o well_o as_o the_o distinct_a superficies_n of_o
equal_a weight_n of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o that_o it_o may_v more_o evident_o appear_v that_o the_o mixture_n of_o these_o two_o fluid_n depend_v on_o the_o peculiar_a texture_n of_o each_o i_o commit_v the_o mixture_n to_o distillation_n and_o obtain_v a_o gross_a substance_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o which_o unite_v the_o other_o liquor_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o this_o be_v draw_v off_o the_o liquor_n present_o succeed_v but_o separate_v one_o from_o another_o be_v not_o to_o beunit_v again_o by_o a_o violent_a agitation_n but_o so_o as_o to_o separate_v again_o and_o swim_v one_o upon_o another_o to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v the_o liquor_n which_o we_o have_v mention_v in_o another_o place_n obtain_v by_o distillation_n from_o benzoin_n one_o part_n of_o it_o always_o continue_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o oil_n and_o the_o other_o according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o wether_n either_o shoot_v into_o clear_a crystal_n or_o preserve_v its_o fluid_a and_o oily_a form_n to_o which_o may_v be_v subjoin_v what_o we_o have_v forme_o take_v notice_n of_o concern_v salt-petre_n which_o though_o when_o mix_v with_o water_n it_o become_v fluid_a yet_o upon_o a_o evaporation_n of_o some_o part_n of_o that_o it_o present_o shoot_v in_o solid_a crystal_n from_o whence_o it_o not_o only_o appear_v what_o a_o gentle_a agitation_n of_o part_n be_v sufficient_a to_o keep_v a_o body_n fluid_fw-la but_o from_o hence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o sometime_o solid_a body_n result_v from_o a_o mixture_n of_o liquids_n so_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n distil_v with_o quicksilver_n leave_v a_o white_a calx_fw-la behind_o it_o and_o if_o we_o consider_v how_o mercurius_n dulcis_fw-la be_v prepare_v we_o shall_v find_v that_o that_o solid_a substance_n consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o quicksilver_n the_o salt_n unite_v with_o it_o be_v scarce_o one_o part_n of_o three_o of_o the_o composition_n and_o though_o fluidity_n be_v opposite_a to_o solidity_n yet_o may_v it_o conduce_v to_o the_o production_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n since_o those_o particle_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o powder_n and_o be_v not_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o unite_v may_v by_o swim_v in_o a_o fluid_fw-la have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o frequent_a occursion_n so_o that_o their_o motion_n bring_v they_o often_o together_o they_o may_v in_o time_n be_v dispose_v to_o unite_v into_o one_o body_n which_o be_v evident_a in_o powder_n of_o alabaster_n which_o if_o when_o it_o have_v be_v boil_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n it_o be_v well_o burn_v and_o reduce_v to_o the_o consistence_n of_o a_o thin_a pap_n with_o clear_a water_n will_v become_v firm_a and_o admit_v of_o as_o well_o as_o retain_v any_o form_n impress_v upon_o it_o by_o the_o internal_a surface_n of_o whatever_o mould_n it_o be_v cast_v in_o where_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o alabaster_n be_v put_v into_o motion_n and_o various_o agitate_a in_o the_o water_n be_v evident_a from_o that_o sensible_a heat_n which_o for_o some_o time_n succeed_v the_o affusion_n of_o water_n and_o this_o have_v be_v sufficient_o experience_v by_o fill_v a_o glass_n full_a of_o this_o mixture_n which_o some_o time_n after_o it_o be_v stop_v break_v the_o viol_n and_o harden_v into_o a_o substance_n correspondent_a in_o shape_n to_o the_o cavity_n of_o it_o several_a spoons-full_a of_o this_o liquor_n it_o be_v moisten_v with_o be_v squeeze_v out_o at_o a_o crack_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o swell_a of_o the_o powder_n and_o this_o substance_n acquire_v such_o a_o degree_n of_o firmness_n as_o to_o endure_v several_a stroke_n with_o a_o strong_a piece_n of_o iron_n without_o break_v but_o there_o be_v several_a other_o substance_n which_o may_v acquire_v a_o great_a degree_n of_o solidity_n than_o the_o powder_n of_o alabaster_n burn_v for_o the_o learned_a hydrographer_n furnier_n hydrograph_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 6._o relate_v a_o story_n of_o a_o sort_n of_o sand_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n near_a cuma_n and_o puteoli_n two_o part_n of_o which_o mix_v with_o a_o three_o of_o quicklime_n become_v a_o hard_a substance_n like_o flint_n when_o it_o have_v lie_v or_o some_o time_n in_o the_o water_n to_o which_o relation_n he_o subjoin_v that_o the_o lime-ash_n of_o a_o certain_a marble_n near_o tournay_n in_o holland_n be_v cast_v into_o water_n upon_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n petrify_v to_o that_o degree_n as_o to_o change_v into_o a_o substance_n as_o hard_o as_o marble_n but_o to_o return_v to_o what_o we_o have_v digress_v from_o that_o the_o various_o determine_v motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n contribute_v to_o their_o union_n and_o coalition_n into_o solid_a substance_n appear_v from_o those_o curious_a salt_n which_o spontaneous_o shoot_v and_o crystallize_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o spirit_n of_o hartshorn_n when_o it_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n for_o several_a month_n for_o those_o particle_n by_o frequent_a occursion_n be_v by_o degree_n so_o dispose_v to_o unite_v that_o at_o the_o length_n those_o part_n which_o be_v most_o apt_a to_o cohere_v meet_v together_o they_o form_n exquisite_o figure_v crystal_n which_o adhere_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o it_o be_v not_o less_o remarkable_a that_o though_o a_o tincture_n of_o amber_n draw_v with_o pure_a spirit_n of_o wine_n for_o some_o year_n continue_v fluid_a yet_o at_o the_o last_o some_o of_o its_o part_n be_v so_o combine_v as_o to_o form_v little_a parcel_n of_o amber_n almost_o spherical_a in_o shape_n which_o adhere_v partly_o to_o the_o side_n and_o partly_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n body_n solidity_n may_v proceed_v from_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o minute_n part_v of_o another_o body_n but_o there_o be_v yet_o other_o way_n by_o which_o body_n may_v become_v compact_a and_o solid_a as_o first_o by_o the_o insinuation_n of_o small_a particle_n of_o matter_n into_o their_o pore_n and_o recess_n which_o may_v produce_v their_o effect_n various_a way_n first_o by_o drive_v out_o those_o particle_n which_o be_v dispose_v to_o motion_n hinder_v the_o cohesion_n of_o the_o fluid_a part_n second_o by_o obstruct_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o fluid_a part_n and_o three_o by_o alter_v the_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o fluid_a so_o as_o to_o render_v they_o unapt_a for_o motion_n and_o inclinable_a to_o a_o mutual_a cohesion_n so_o the_o particle_n which_o constitute_v rennet_n by_o unite_n with_o some_o part_n of_o the_o milk_n they_o be_v mix_v with_o link_v they_o together_o and_o cause_v they_o to_o unite_v into_o a_o coagulum_fw-la and_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o rennet_n cause_v they_o to_o coagulate_v and_o that_o they_o unite_v those_o viscid_a part_n and_o link_v they_o together_o be_v plain_a since_o it_o be_v a_o usual_a complaint_n that_o the_o cheese_n make_v where_o rennet_n be_v use_v taste_v very_o strong_a of_o it_o and_o that_o the_o coagulate_a virtue_n depend_v on_o the_o saline_n part_v of_o the_o rennet_n appear_v since_o other_o acid._n liquor_n have_v the_o like_a effect_n in_o coagulate_v milk_n as_o juice_n of_o limmons_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o a_o very_a small_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n artificial_o mix_v with_o it_o to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o some_o year_n past_a i_o prepare_v a_o certain_a salt_n endue_v with_o quality_n not_o unlike_o those_o ascribe_v to_o glauber_n sal_fw-la mirabilis_fw-la which_o will_v not_o only_o like_o other_o salt_n when_o dissolve_v in_o water_n upon_o evaporation_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n itself_o but_o also_o will_v coagulate_v and_o crystallize_v a_o treble_a quantity_n of_o water_n with_o they_o which_o will_v so_o far_o put_v on_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o salt_n as_o to_o become_v brittle_a and_o to_o be_v reducible_a to_o powder_n powder_n a_o liquor_n turn_v into_o a_o consistent_a body_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o powder_n and_o it_o may_v not_o be_v fruitless_a here_o to_o subjoin_v that_o though_o the_o particle_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v in_o so_o violent_a a_o agitation_n as_o to_o acquire_v a_o sensible_a heat_n upon_o their_o mixture_n with_o some_o body_n yet_o i_o so_o alter_v the_o texture_n of_o that_o liquor_n as_o by_o a_o mixture_n of_o a_o certain_a whitish_a powder_n of_o my_o own_o preparation_n to_o render_v it_o a_o consistent_a body_n in_o which_o experiment_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o several_a day_n after_o the_o oil_n be_v coagulate_v the_o powder_n remain_v undissolve_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o viol_n so_o that_o the_o coagulation_n seem_v to_o be_v effect_v by_o some_o subtle_a effluvia_fw-la insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o liquor_n to_o this_o experiment_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v another_o in_o which_o the_o same_o effect_n be_v produce_v by_o leave_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o crystal_n
small_a fragment_n of_o solid_a hartshorn_n into_o it_o we_o find_v that_o they_o be_v gradual_o soften_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o liquor_n insinuate_a themselves_o into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o consistent_a body_n and_o render_v it_o in_o a_o few_o day_n time_n of_o the_o consistence_n of_o a_o mucilage_n we_o mix_v likewise_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n with_o salt_n of_o tartar_n tartar_n a_o insipid_a water_n draw_v from_o sp._n of_o vinegar_n &_o salt_n of_o tartar_n till_o the_o ebullition_n whole_o cease_v and_o by_o distillation_n obtain_v a_o insipid_a water_n from_o the_o mixture_n and_o so_o successive_o pour_v fresh_a spirit_n of_o vinegar_n upon_o the_o mixture_n and_o again_o extract_v the_o insipid_a water_n repeat_v reiterated_a affusion_n and_o distillation_n till_o the_o fix_a salt_n be_v sufficient_o impregnate_v with_o the_o acid_n part_v of_o the_o vinegar_n and_o then_o we_o obtain_v a_o mixture_n though_o make_v up_o of_o pure_a and_o elementary_a salt_n which_o so_o far_o emulate_v a_o fluid_a body_n as_o to_o depose_v its_o saline_a form_n when_o influence_v by_o a_o very_a moderate_a heat_n etc._n camphire_n dissolve_v in_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n etc._n etc._n again_o we_o mix_v some_o piece_n of_o camphire_n with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n by_o which_o they_o be_v present_o dissolve_v into_o a_o oil_n and_o when_o violent_o agitate_a together_o ready_o mix_v with_o the_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o seem_v to_o constitute_v a_o uniform_a liquor_n for_o several_a hour_n yet_o by_o a_o addition_n of_o four_o time_n as_o much_o fair_a water_n the_o camphire_n present_o assume_v its_o own_o form_n again_o and_o swim_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o liquor_n where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o saline_a part_n of_o the_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n render_v the_o camphire_n fluid_n instead_o of_o make_v it_o more_o solid_a and_o on_o the_o contrary_a that_o fluid_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o consistent_a body_n again_o by_o a_o body_n so_o much_o void_a of_o saltness_n as_o water_n and_o that_o a_o body_n may_v acquire_v those_o other_o quality_n viz._n hardness_n and_o brittleness_n without_o a_o addition_n of_o saline_n part_n be_v evident_a from_o the_o different_a temper_n that_o may_v be_v give_v to_o a_o piece_n of_o steel_n for_o if_o it_o be_v immerge_v in_o water_n red_a hot_a it_o acquire_v a_o brittleness_n and_o hardness_n which_o it_o have_v not_o if_o leisurely_o cool_v in_o the_o air_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v again_o heat_v till_o it_o turn_v to_o a_o deep_a blue_n it_o acquire_v a_o comparative_a softness_n and_o aptness_n to_o bend_v and_o that_o a_o alteration_n in_o texture_n be_v enough_o to_o render_v a_o body_n more_o or_o less_o solid_a be_v evident_a in_o snow_n for_o its_o part_n be_v compress_v more_o close_o together_o it_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v the_o impression_n of_o other_o body_n and_o yet_o when_o further_a by_o thaw_v it_o its_o part_n be_v bring_v close_o together_o it_o have_v a_o great_a degree_n of_o solidity_n and_o firmness_n when_o freeze_v again_o the_o texture_n be_v much_o more_o close_a and_o compact_a than_o that_o of_o the_o snow_n but_o by_o some_o it_o be_v teach_v that_o induration_n depend_v on_o a_o certain_a inward_a principle_n bedy_n a_o plastic_a power_n inherent_a in_o bedy_n or_o a_o plastic_a power_n call_v by_o some_o a_o form_n and_o by_o other_o a_o petrify_a spirit_n lodge_v in_o a_o liquid_a vehicle_n and_o indeed_o since_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o some_o stone_n dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n be_v endue_v with_o such_o curious_a and_o exquisite_a figure_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v the_o product_n of_o art_n i_o can_v but_o acknowledge_v a_o plastic_a power_n which_o the_o wise_a creator_n of_o thing_n have_v implant_v in_o certain_a particle_n of_o matter_n which_o produce_v both_o the_o determinate_a figure_n as_o well_o as_o consistnce_v of_o those_o body_n what_o plastic_a power_n what_o but_o we_o disagree_v with_o the_o generality_n of_o those_o philosopher_n as_o to_o the_o manner_n in_o which_o this_o internal_a principle_n produce_v its_o effect_n and_o since_o the_o manner_n of_o it_o by_o they_o be_v not_o intelligible_o explain_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v how_o many_o way_n nature_n take_v to_o render_v body_n solid_a by_o which_o we_o shall_v be_v better_o qualify_v to_o judge_n of_o the_o manner_n which_o those_o particle_n operate_v by_o in_o which_o the_o plastic_a power_n be_v say_v to_o lodge_v but_o to_o proceed_v for_o as_o much_o as_o hardness_n be_v the_o high_a degree_n of_o firmness_n we_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o a_o alteration_n of_o texture_n concur_v with_o other_o disposition_n of_o the_o component_a part_n of_o a_o body_n be_v enough_o to_o render_v it_o hard_o without_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o adventitious_a salt_n the_o tradition_n be_v common_a among_o those_o that_o search_n into_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n that_o coral_n though_o a_o hard_a substance_n with_o we_o be_v a_o soft_a body_n whilst_o remain_v under_o water_n according_a to_o that_o of_o ovid_n sic_fw-la &_o cor_fw-la alum_n quo_fw-la primum_fw-la contigit_fw-la auras_fw-la tempore_fw-la durescit_fw-la mollis_fw-la fuit_fw-la herba_fw-la sub_fw-la undis_fw-la ovid._n metamorph._n lib._n 15._o and_o though_o beguinus_n tyrocyn_n chym._n lib._n 2_o cap._n 10._o have_v urge_v very_o strong_a argument_n against_o this_o tradition_n yet_o that_o it_o have_v sometime_o be_v find_v true_a appear_v from_o what_o gassendus_fw-la lib._n 4_o an._n dom._n 1624._o relate_v of_o a_o ingenious_a gentleman_n who_o fish_v for_o coral_n near_o toulon_n viz._n the_o plant_n which_o be_v pluck_v up_o and_o draw_v out_o be_v neither_o red_a nor_o handsome_a till_o their_o bark_n be_v pull_v off_o in_o some_o part_n they_o be_v soft_a and_o will_v give_v way_n to_o the_o hand_n as_o towards_o the_o top_n which_o be_v break_v and_o squeze_v they_o send_v forth_o milk_n like_o that_o of_o figs._n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o jesuit_n fournier_n hydrograph_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 27._o and_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o one_o that_o practice_n physic_n in_o the_o east-indies_n that_o he_o gather_v white_a coral_n divers_a time_n on_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o island_n mehila_n not_o far_o from_o that_o of_o madagascar_n which_o be_v usual_o as_o soft_a as_o a_o onion_n and_o be_v observe_v to_o decay_v if_o it_o be_v not_o gather_v at_o a_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n agreeable_a to_o which_o piso_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 68_o make_v mention_n of_o several_a stony_a tree_n on_o the_o brasilian_n coast_n say_v e_z fundo_fw-la erutae_fw-la mox_fw-la durissimae_fw-la si_fw-la insolentur_fw-la in_o littore_fw-la siccae_fw-la niveique_fw-la coloris_fw-la fiunt_fw-la which_o may_v be_v favour_v by_o the_o follow_a relation_n of_o scaliger_n exit_fw-la bovillis_fw-la oppidanus_fw-la adjutus_fw-la medicamentis_fw-la eminxit_fw-la vitrum_fw-la sane_fw-la ex_fw-la illa_fw-la nobili_fw-la paxagorae_n pituita_fw-la dum_fw-la mingeretur_fw-la albuminis_fw-la mollitie_n emissum_fw-la vitri_fw-la duritie_fw-la ac_fw-la splendore_fw-la senatoris_fw-la filius_fw-la ejecit_fw-la puttis_fw-la modo_fw-la multis_fw-la &_o maximos_fw-la qui_fw-la aeris_fw-la contactu_fw-la postea_fw-la in_o gypseam_fw-la tum_fw-la speciem_fw-la tum_fw-la firmitatem_fw-la concrevere_v hic_fw-la quoque_fw-la nunc_fw-la recte_fw-la valet_fw-la and_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o a_o merchant_n and_o likewise_o a_o chemist_n of_o dantzick_n that_o several_a lump_n of_o amber_n have_v be_v take_v up_o soft_a upon_o their_o coast_n which_o present_o grow_v hard_a in_o the_o air_n which_o i_o the_o rather_o believe_v because_o i_o have_v several_a time_n observe_v both_o spider_n fly_n and_o straw_n enclose_v in_o amber_n body_n observation_n of_o indurated_a body_n and_o here_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o it_o from_o hence_o appear_v that_o some_o body_n which_o be_v soft_a under_o water_n become_v hard_o when_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o difficulty_n to_o determine_v how_o much_o the_o infivence_n of_o the_o air_n contribute_v to_o the_o harden_v of_o they_o for_o gassendus_fw-la in_o vita_fw-la piereskii_fw-la lib._n 1._o say_v he_o have_v observe_v in_o the_o lesser_a stream_n of_o the_o river_n rhosne_fw-fr where_o he_o usual_o wash_v himself_o several_a lump_n of_o hard_a substance_n upon_o the_o same_o place_n where_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o find_v the_o ground_n smooth_a and_o soft_a and_o that_o some_o time_n after_o the_o same_o hard_a substance_n remain_v in_o the_o water_n as_o well_o as_o some_o which_o he_o carry_v home_o with_o he_o be_v turn_v into_o perfect_a pebble_n from_o which_o relation_n and_o also_o what_o we_o have_v before_o observe_v concern_v the_o powder_n of_o alabaster_n it_o appear_v how_o much_o the_o mechanical_a texture_n of_o body_n together_o with_o other_o mechanical_a quality_n contribute_v to_o their_o various_a
form_n for_o beside_o the_o aforementioned_a instance_n i_o have_v observe_v that_o that_o bony_a substánce_n so_o much_o esteem_v by_o physician_n which_o be_v usual_o take_v out_o of_o the_o deer_n heart_n and_o be_v of_o a_o hard_a consistence_n have_v appear_v in_o one_o of_o those_o creature_n which_o i_o purposely_o look_v into_o to_o be_v soft_a and_o flexible_a like_o cartilage_n and_o indeed_o solidity_n seem_v so_o much_o to_o depend_v upon_o texture_n that_o it_o may_v just_o be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o most_o solid_a body_n have_v not_o before_o their_o concretion_n be_v in_o fluid_a form_n since_o among_o other_o rarity_n i_o have_v see_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o stone_n the_o exact_a figure_n of_o fish_n with_o their_o scale_n and_o finns_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o have_v know_v not_o only_a wood_n but_o several_a other_o substance_n as_o lead-oar_n minera_n antimonii_n marchasite_n etc._n etc._n find_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o stony_a concretion_n which_o be_v strong_a argument_n that_o those_o stone_n have_v be_v before_o their_o induration_n in_o the_o form_n of_o fluid_n and_o from_o hence_o we_o may_v have_v ground_n to_o question_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o who_o think_v that_o stone_n and_o such_o like_a or_o more_o solid_a concretion_n have_v be_v existent_a in_o the_o same_o form_n since_o the_o creation_n since_o we_o may_v with_o probability_n enough_o presume_v that_o these_o concretes_n be_v the_o result_v of_o matter_n new_o modify_v and_o unite_v after_o a_o different_a manner_n from_o what_o they_o be_v before_o otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a that_o such_o thing_n shall_v be_v lodge_v in_o such_o hard_a concretes_n and_o these_o consideration_n and_o observation_n may_v far_o confirm_v what_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o note_v concern_v the_o growth_n and_o increase_n of_o mineral_n but_o the_o most_o eminent_a instance_n to_o show_v how_o much_o the_o fluidity_n and_o firmness_n of_o body_n texture_n a_o very_a remarkable_a instance_n to_o show_v how_o much_o fluidity_n etc._n etc._n depend_v on_o texture_n be_v owe_v to_o the_o texture_n and_o various_a coalition_n of_o their_o part_n be_v in_o those_o water_n which_o when_o permit_v to_o rest_n instead_o of_o fluidity_n acquire_v a_o stony_a hardness_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o some_o hollow_a cave_n that_o by_o the_o coagulation_n of_o a_o certain_a humour_n which_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o top_n of_o it_o several_a concretes_n have_v be_v form_v like_o icicle_n of_o which_o i_o have_v some_o by_o i_o now_o gather_v by_o a_o very_a ingenious_a person_n which_o be_v of_o a_o perfect_a stony_a hardness_n be_v 8_o or_o 10_o inch_n in_o length_n and_o of_o a_o proportionable_a thickness_n and_o i_o have_v also_o now_o by_o i_o certain_a stony_a concretes_n send_v i_o from_o a_o famous_a petrify_a cave_n in_o france_n and_o if_o we_o will_v give_v credit_n to_o aventinus_n as_o well_o as_o some_o other_o author_n he_o have_v record_v in_o his_o history_n that_o several_a man_n and_o woman_n be_v at_o once_o petrify_v by_o a_o terrene_a spirit_n and_o change_v into_o statue_n that_o petrify_a exhalation_n operate_a much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o alter_v the_o texture_n of_o their_o body_n as_o when_o by_o incubation_n and_o the_o subtle_a insinuation_n of_o calorifick_a atom_n the_o part_n of_o a_o egg_n be_v so_o new_o modifyed_a and_o dispose_v as_o to_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o a_o chick_n and_o it_o be_v testify_v by_o pamphilio_n pixcentino_n of_o a_o woman_n in_o venice_n who_o upon_o eat_v of_o a_o apple_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o very_a hard_a stone_n after_o she_o have_v be_v hideous_o torture_v for_o about_o 24_o hour_n petrifaction_n mixture_n sufficient_a to_o produce_v petrifaction_n which_o history_n together_o with_o observation_n of_o my_o own_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v will_v be_v a_o good_a argument_n to_o prove_v that_o even_o mixture_n be_v sufficient_a to_o petrify_v some_o body_n the_o observation_n be_v in_o the_o follow_a experiment_n viz._n if_o two_o ounce_n of_o quicksilver_n be_v mix_v with_o two_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a of_o verdigreese_v together_o with_o about_o a_o ounce_n of_o common_a salt_n and_o put_v into_o a_o fry_v pan_n when_o that_o mixture_n have_v be_v boil_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n with_o a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o vinegar_n and_o water_n gradual_o infuse_v as_o it_o waste_v by_o effluvium_n the_o mixture_n wash_v and_o cleanse_v from_o its_o salt_n will_v afford_v a_o amalgama_n not_o unlike_a quicksilver_n which_o if_o dexterous_o prepare_v may_v be_v cast_v into_o mould_v and_o form_v into_o emboss_v image_n and_o it_o be_v in_o this_o amalgama_n very_o remarkable_a that_o though_o at_o the_o first_o it_o be_v so_o soft_a as_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n to_o emulate_v a_o fluid_a body_n yet_o when_o for_o some_o hour_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n it_o become_v hard_a and_o as_o brittle_a as_o steel_n where_o the_o induration_n seem_v to_o result_v from_o the_o coalition_n of_o the_o mix_a ingredient_n and_o their_o new_a texture_n rather_o than_o from_o any_o innate_a principle_n the_o particle_n of_o the_o fluid_a mercury_n be_v so_o entangle_v and_o interweave_v one_o with_o another_o as_o to_o lose_v their_o former_a fluidity_n and_o to_o convene_v so_o close_o as_o to_o unite_v into_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o that_o the_o induration_n depend_v on_o a_o mutual_a combination_n of_o the_o saline_n ingredient_n with_o the_o mercury_n be_v beyond_o doubt_n since_o not_o only_o a_o true_a and_o perfect_a copper_n may_v be_v obtain_v from_o the_o amalgama_n but_o when_o it_o have_v be_v for_o some_o time_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n the_o surface_n will_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o the_o saline_n part_v of_o the_o verdigreese_v which_o have_v free_v themselves_o from_o their_o more_o intimate_a commixture_n with_o the_o metalline_a particle_n of_o the_o condense_a quicksilver_n but_o lest_o it_o shall_v be_v question_v whether_o the_o particle_n of_o salt_n can_v have_v any_o sensible_a operation_n when_o mix_v with_o a_o body_n so_o firm_a as_o condense_v quicksilver_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o in_o body_n much_o more_o firm_a it_o have_v be_v observe_v viz._n in_o those_o stone_n from_o which_o vitriol_n be_v get_v for_o it_o be_v remarkable_a in_o they_o that_o when_o they_o have_v be_v for_o some_o time_n expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n the_o internal_a agitation_n of_o the_o saline_n part_n be_v so_o violent_a that_o several_a of_o they_o will_v not_o only_o swell_v but_o even_o burst_v asunder_o and_o i_o remember_v that_o have_v preserve_v a_o mineral_n much_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o these_o stone_n in_o my_o chamber_n the_o superficies_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o powder_n both_o in_o colour_n and_o taste_v resemble_v vitriol_n and_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o this_o amalgama_n whilst_o it_o be_v fluid_a which_o they_o may_v be_v put_v into_o by_o the_o external_a force_n of_o the_o fire_n may_v contribute_v to_o their_o concretion_n we_o have_v sufficient_a reason_n to_o believe_v from_o what_o be_v relate_v and_o observe_v by_o experience_a mason_n viz._n that_o the_o best_a mortar_n will_v not_o acquire_v it_o be_v utmost_a compactness_n under_o 25_o or_o 30_o year_n and_o that_o after_o a_o long_a time_n it_o become_v so_o hard_a as_o to_o be_v more_o unapt_a to_o break_v than_o the_o stone_n it_o cement_v but_o last_o that_o the_o condensation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o quicksilver_n depend_v on_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o ingredient_n and_o the_o texture_n thence_o result_v be_v evident_a since_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o ingredient_n be_v vary_v the_o condensation_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v neither_o so_o speedy_a nor_o so_o firm_a and_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o nature_n and_o art_n sometime_o take_v measure_n not_o unlike_a in_o the_o harden_v of_o body_n i_o shall_v add_v a_o passage_n from_o a_o jesuit_n name_v pierre_n belleprat_n who_o relate_v it_o as_o a_o observation_n in_o the_o american_n continent_n where_o he_o be_v send_v to_o preach_v to_o the_o indian_n earth_n a_o strange_a sort_n of_o earth_n the_o relation_n be_v that_o near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n there_o be_v to_o be_v find_v a_o green_a sort_n of_o clay_n which_o be_v soft_a and_o capable_a of_o be_v put_v into_o any_o form_n whilst_o under_o water_n grow_v so_o hard_a when_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n as_o not_o to_o be_v much_o soft_a than_o diamond_n and_o this_o he_o say_v the_o native_n usual_o make_v hatchet_n of_o which_o they_o cut_v their_o wood_n in_o piece_n with_o but_o coral_n a_o concrete_a result_v from_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o a_o solution_n of_o coral_n to_o conclude_v this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v add_v a_o experiment_n which_o will_v be_v a_o far_a confirmation_n that_o
colour_n which_o phaenomena_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v exhibit_v be_v not_o either_o some_o insensible_a corpuscle_n transmit_v in_o the_o form_n of_o effluvia_fw-la from_o those_o object_n or_o some_o other_o subtle_a particle_n of_o matter_n direct_v by_o local_a motion_n from_o the_o object_n to_o the_o paper_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o eye_n phaenomena_n the_o establish_v law_n of_o the_o universe_n contribute_v to_o the_o produce_v of_o several_a phaenomena_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o the_o universe_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n contribute_v to_o the_o produce_v of_o several_a phaenomena_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o operation_n of_o insensible_a and_o unheeded_a cause_n for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o if_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n be_v hold_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n so_o that_o the_o low_a end_n of_o it_o touch_v the_o northern_a point_n of_o a_o magnetical_a needle_n it_o will_v present_o drive_v it_o away_o whereas_o if_o the_o position_n of_o that_o iron_n bar_v be_v so_o alter_v as_o to_o touch_v that_o point_n with_o the_o other_o end_n it_o will_v by_o a_o contrary_a faculty_n attract_v it_o except_o the_o iron_n bar_n have_v stand_v a_o considerable_a time_n in_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n and_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n or_o have_v lie_v a_o considerable_a time_n point_v north_n and_o south_n and_o so_o have_v acquire_v a_o more_o durable_a verticity_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v ask_v quality_n how_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n acquire_v magnetical_a quality_n why_o by_o such_o posture_n the_o magnetical_a quality_n of_o iron_n shall_v be_v so_o much_o increase_v it_o may_v probable_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o proceed_v from_o hence_o viz._n because_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o iron_n by_o lie_v near_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n have_v their_o pore_n render_v more_o apt_a to_o receive_v and_o transmit_v the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o needle_n so_o that_o consequent_o that_o part_n of_o the_o iron_n which_o be_v most_o affect_a by_o those_o steam_n must_v become_v the_o strong_a and_o consequent_o the_o north_n point_v of_o the_o needle_n for_o which_o reason_n it_o must_v drive_v away_o the_o north_n point_v of_o the_o needle_n and_o attract_v the_o south_n but_o if_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o bar_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o needle_n by_o a_o contrary_a reason_n it_o be_v less_o magnetical_a it_o must_v attract_v it_o but_o not_o to_o insist_v upon_o this_o explanation_n of_o the_o magnetical_a quality_n of_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n i_o shall_v only_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o order_n to_o acquire_v a_o durable_a magnetical_a virtue_n that_o the_o iron_n shall_v stand_v long_o in_o that_o perpendicular_a posture_n which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v what_o i_o contend_v for_o viz._n that_o the_o establish_a law_n of_o nature_n be_v requisite_a for_o the_o production_n of_o several_a phaenomena_n which_o will_v not_o be_v effect_v be_v not_o those_o law_n observe_v proposition_n the_o three_o proposition_n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o the_o three_o and_o last_o proposition_n viz._n that_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o mechanical_a texture_n of_o a_o body_n be_v enough_o to_o dispose_v it_o or_o render_v it_o unapt_a to_o be_v work_v on_o by_o those_o unheeded_a agent_n this_o be_v evident_a from_o what_o be_v practise_v at_o sea_n it_o be_v the_o usual_a custom_n for_o the_o seaman_n to_o throw_v water_n upon_o their_o sail_n to_o quicken_v the_o motion_n of_o their_o vessel_n when_o pursue_v by_o pirate_n for_o the_o thread_n of_o the_o sail_n be_v swell_v with_o water_n and_o the_o pore_n by_o that_o mean_v make_v less_o the_o wind_n not_o find_v so_o free_a a_o passage_n through_o they_o must_v consequent_o have_v the_o great_a force_n upon_o the_o sail-clothe_n and_o so_o drive_v the_o ship_n forward_o more_o swift_o another_o instance_n of_o considerable_a effect_n succeed_v a_o very_a slight_a alteration_n in_o texture_n may_v be_v observe_v when_o on_o a_o windy_a day_n a_o chamber-window_n be_v leave_v open_a for_o the_o wind_n which_o before_o only_o shake_v the_o glass_n will_v present_o blow_v the_o curtain_n about_o and_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o chamber_n which_o be_v in_o a_o disposition_n to_o be_v easy_o move_v as_o dust_n paper_n etc._n etc._n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o example_n altogether_o not_o so_o gross_a we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o common_a tartar_n will_v neither_o dissolve_v in_o the_o air_n nor_o easy_o in_o water_n yet_o when_o part_n of_o it_o be_v drive_v away_o by_o calcination_n it_o ready_o dissolve_v and_o run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la in_o a_o moist_a air._n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o though_o a_o loadstone_n by_o be_v heat_v in_o the_o fire_n and_o cool_v again_o undergo_v no_o visible_a change_n as_o to_o shape_n or_o size_n nor_o for_o as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v perceive_v by_o the_o eye_n lose_v none_o of_o its_o part_n yet_o by_o a_o invisible_a change_n of_o texture_n effect_v by_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n it_o may_v alter_v its_o verticity_n according_a to_o the_o different_a posture_n it_o be_v permit_v to_o cool_v in_o and_o the_o like_a change_n i_o have_v observe_v in_o iron_n who_o verticity_n be_v alter_v by_o a_o change_n of_o texture_n wrought_v by_o so_o weak_a a_o agent_n as_o the_o earth_n to_o these_o we_o may_v add_v several_a instance_n in_o liquid_a body_n and_o first_o that_o though_o honey_n and_o water_n mix_v together_o in_o a_o undue_a proportion_n reserve_v each_o their_o distinct_a nature_n yet_o if_o four_o or_o five_o part_n of_o water_n be_v add_v to_o one_o part_n of_o honey_n by_o some_o subtle_a agent_n or_o other_o they_o be_v present_o ferment_v and_o unite_v into_o one_o common_a mass_n and_o i_o be_o assure_v by_o a_o merchant_n who_o live_v several_a year_n in_o the_o canary_n island_n that_o if_o a_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n close_o stop_v be_v violent_o roll_v along_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o liquor_n will_v be_v so_o change_v that_o if_o it_o be_v but_o about_o a_o month_n old_a one_o of_o the_o end_n will_v be_v burst_v out_o and_o the_o liquor_n lose_v another_o instance_n in_o which_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o body_n dispose_v it_o to_o be_v so_o powerful_o work_v upon_o we_o have_v in_o glass_n which_o upon_o a_o sudden_a removal_n from_o the_o fire_n into_o cold_a water_n be_v subject_a to_o fly_v in_o piece_n but_o a_o instance_n which_o be_v more_o remarkable_a be_v that_o a_o hot_a plate_n of_o copper_n be_v permit_v to_o cool_v upon_o some_o which_o be_v more_o moderate_o hot_a in_o the_o fire_n and_o thence_o remove_v upon_o a_o plate_n several_a piece_n like_o scale_n will_v fly_v off_o it_o when_o expose_v to_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o the_o bolonian_a stone_n acquire_v such_o a_o admirable_a quality_n by_o calcination_n that_o by_o be_v place_v in_o the_o sunbeam_n for_o some_o time_n it_o get_v such_o a_o degree_n of_o luminousness_n as_o to_o retain_v it_o a_o considerable_a time_n when_o remove_v into_o the_o dark_a chap._n ii_o of_o cosmical_a suspicion_n the_o world_n about_o we_o be_v stock_v with_o such_o a_o variety_n of_o object_n and_o other_o thing_n too_o small_a or_o subtle_a to_o be_v discern_v it_o may_v not_o be_v unuseful_a upon_o some_o account_n to_o propose_v conjecture_n where_o the_o subject_a consider_v admit_v of_o no_o clear_a discovery_n first_o suspicion_n the_o first_o and_o first_o it_o be_v not_o without_o reason_n i_o suspect_v that_o beside_o those_o uniform_a part_n of_o matter_n of_o which_o the_o aether_n by_o some_o philosopher_n be_v think_v to_o consist_v there_o be_v also_o several_a other_o part_n of_o matter_n which_o be_v different_o dispose_v to_o work_v upon_o body_n according_a to_o the_o various_a texture_n of_o those_o body_n they_o chance_v to_o work_v upon_o or_o according_a to_o the_o different_a agent_n they_o chance_v to_o work_v concurrent_o with_o and_o this_o suspicion_n be_v not_o improbable_a since_o the_o inquisitive_a gilbert_n have_v not_o only_o discover_v the_o magnetical_a quality_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v diffuse_v on_o every_o side_n but_o also_o it_o be_v common_o know_v that_o upon_o the_o hunt_n of_o a_o deer_n several_a subtle_a effluvia_fw-la be_v leave_v behind_o in_o the_o air_n which_o we_o shall_v pass_v by_o unobserved_a be_v there_o not_o such_o creature_n as_o bloodhound_n endow_v with_o organ_n fit_v to_o receive_v those_o subtle_a steam_n second_o a_o second_o and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o several_a person_n shall_v have_v such_o peculiar_a temperament_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v
i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o a_o person_n who_o make_v his_o observation_n beyond_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n in_o the_o southern_a sea_n that_o have_v let_v down_o his_o plummet_n about_o a_o hundred_o fathom_n he_o find_v that_o the_o plummet_n be_v suspend_v in_o the_o stand_a water_n make_v the_o boat_n turn_v to_o the_o tide_n as_o if_o it_o lay_v at_o anchor_n and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o stagnation_n of_o water_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v be_v likewise_o confirm_v to_o i_o by_o observation_n make_v near_o the_o coral_n fishery_n in_o the_o east-indies_n chap._n vi_o further_a relation_n about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o the_o air_n be_v not_o only_o necessary_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o animal_n but_o also_o promote_v vegetation_n and_o the_o growth_n of_o plant_n i_o have_v elsewhere_o observe_v but_o since_o several_a tree_n and_o plant_n be_v observe_v to_o grow_v under_o water_n i_o shall_v further_o observe_v what_o information_n i_o have_v receive_v concern_v they_o coral_n observation_n relate_v to_o coral_n and_o first_o to_o what_o have_v elsewhere_o be_v deliver_v concern_v the_o growth_n of_o coral_n under_o water_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o one_o that_o see_v it_o near_o algiers_n that_o coral_n when_o first_o take_v up_o be_v not_o only_o soft_a and_o flexible_a but_o very_o pale_a yet_o when_o the_o bark_n be_v take_v off_o and_o it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n it_o be_v natural_a redness_n present_o appear_v to_o which_o he_o add_v that_o have_v break_v several_a piece_n he_o find_v it_o much_o pale_a within_o than_o on_o the_o outside_n and_o that_o there_o be_v several_a black_a knob_n on_o the_o extreme_a part_n of_o the_o twig_n the_o place_n from_o whence_o this_o coral_n be_v take_v be_v about_o nine_o or_o ten_o fathom_n deep_a and_o i_o have_v be_v further_o inform_v by_o one_o that_o sail_v to_o the_o east-indies_n that_o upon_o a_o certain_a sort_n of_o coral_n he_o have_v observe_v certain_a round_a berry_n of_o a_o very_a pleasant_a colour_n water_n tree_n under_o water_n to_o these_o relation_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o divers_n have_v not_o only_o observe_v tree_n to_o grow_v under_o water_n near_a manar_n which_o bear_v leave_n like_o those_o of_o a_o laurel_n but_o that_o not_o far_o from_o the_o coast_n of_o mosambique_n in_o africa_n several_a tree_n be_v observe_v to_o grow_v under_o water_n who_o fruit_n and_o leave_n be_v like_o those_o of_o the_o tree_n in_o america_n which_o bear_v a_o fruit_n call_v acayu_n but_o a_o observation_n more_o valuable_a be_v concern_v the_o maldavian_a nut_n call_v coco_n which_o by_o experience_a divers_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o a_o tree_n which_o grow_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v either_o gather_v by_o the_o divers_a or_o tear_v off_o by_o the_o violent_a agitation_n of_o the_o water_n in_o which_o fruit_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o whilst_o it_o be_v under_o water_n it_o be_v very_o soft_a but_o when_o it_o have_v be_v expose_v a_o considerable_a time_n to_o the_o air_n it_o become_v very_o hard_o chap._n vii_o observation_n and_o experiment_n about_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea._n peripatetic_n the_o invalidity_n of_o the_o cause_n assign_v by_o the_o peripatetic_n the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o several_a peripatetic_n have_v be_v judge_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n upon_o the_o water_n but_o with_o what_o little_a reason_n may_v easy_o appear_v from_o those_o stand_a lake_n and_o pond_n who_o water_n notwithstanding_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o sun_n continue_v fresh_a and_o that_o it_o neither_o proceed_v from_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o sun_n nor_o any_o other_o external_a heat_n may_v be_v argue_v since_o though_o some_o fresh_a water_n be_v draw_v off_o by_o distillation_n and_o consequent_o undergo_v as_o great_a a_o degree_n of_o heat_n as_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o do_v from_o the_o sun_n beam_n it_o yield_v not_o so_o much_o salt_n as_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o some_o water_n never_o expose_v to_o such_o heat_n which_o salt_n differ_v very_o little_a from_o sea_n salt_n only_o that_o it_o be_v white_a be_v more_o clear_a of_o its_o faeces_fw-la and_o free_a from_o a_o mixture_n of_o earthy_a part_n and_o though_o some_o allege_v in_o favour_n of_o aristotle_n doctrine_n that_o scaliger_n affirm_v the_o sea_n water_n to_o be_v salt_a in_o its_o upper_a region_n yet_o it_o will_v appear_v by_o compare_v the_o saltness_n of_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o bottom_n that_o the_o observation_n be_v ill_o make_v and_o do_v not_o general_o hold_v neither_o will_v it_o favour_v his_o doctrine_n shall_v it_o be_v allege_v that_o sea_n salt_n dissolve_v in_o water_n otherwise_o than_o common_a salt_n christalize_v at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o evaporate_v solution_n for_o consider_v how_o much_o salt_n water_n must_v be_v impregnate_v with_o and_o that_o the_o quantity_n of_o salt_n in_o sea_n water_n have_v be_v observe_v by_o a_o dutch_a geographer_n to_o be_v only_o as_o one_o to_o forty_o water_n the_o proportion_n of_o salt_n to_o water_n it_o be_v disposition_n to_o crystalize_v can_v be_v no_o argument_n of_o the_o swim_n of_o sea-salt_n more_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n than_o the_o other_o region_n but_o though_o i_o differ_v in_o this_o point_n from_o the_o peripatetic_a philosopher_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v on_o the_o contrary_a with_o some_o that_o the_o gravity_n of_o salt_n make_v they_o sink_v the_o more_o to_o the_o bottom_n since_o the_o intestine_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n continual_o shift_v place_n must_v consequent_o carry_v it_o along_o with_o they_o which_o consideration_n join_v with_o another_o which_o be_v that_o i_o have_v not_o usual_o observe_v metalline_a tincture_n strong_a at_o the_o top_n than_o bottom_n may_v perhaps_o give_v a_o suspicion_n to_o some_o that_o the_o present_a argument_n be_v less_o cogent_a notwithstanding_o the_o specific_a gravity_n betwixt_o metal_n and_o their_o menstruum_n do_v much_o exceed_v that_o betwixt_o salt_n and_o water_n but_o further_a in_o behalf_n of_o the_o peripatetic_a doctrine_n it_o be_v urge_v out_o of_o linscotten_a that_o at_z goa_n in_o portugal_n it_o be_v usual_a for_o their_o slave_n to_o dive_v and_o fetch_v fresh_a water_n from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o though_o this_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v true_a yet_o no_o general_a rule_n can_v be_v draw_v thence_o because_o experience_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o other_o place_n it_o be_v contrary_a beside_o it_o may_v be_v probable_o guess_v that_o sea_n spring_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v it_o true_a that_o fresh_a water_n may_v rise_v by_o certain_a spring_n cover_v over_o with_o sea_n water_n as_o well_o as_o that_o several_a spring_n in_o other_o place_n shall_v be_v under_o water_n upon_o the_o flow_a of_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o there_o may_v be_v such_o spring_n be_v so_o far_o probable_a that_o the_o curious_a hungarian_a governor_n de_fw-fr admirandis_fw-la hungariae_fw-la aquis_fw-la say_v that_o in_o the_o river_n vagus_fw-la near_o the_o fortress_n galgotium_n vein_n of_o hot_a water_n rise_v up_o in_o the_o very_a bottom_n of_o the_o water_n his_o word_n be_v these_o neque_fw-la in_o ripa_n tantum_fw-la eruuntur_fw-la calidae_fw-la sed_fw-la etiam_fw-la intra_fw-la amnem_fw-la si_fw-la fundum_fw-la ejus_fw-la pedibus_fw-la suffodias_fw-la calent_fw-la autem_fw-la immodicè_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v upon_o the_o neapolitan_a coast_n but_o not_o to_o urge_v these_o relation_n i_o shall_v intimate_v brief_o that_o a_o ingenious_a acquaintance_n of_o i_o who_o live_v in_o that_o city_n have_v inform_v i_o that_o that_o fresh_a water_n be_v not_o fetch_v so_o deep_a as_o to_o be_v suspect_v to_o rise_v from_o such_o spring_n but_o that_o it_o be_v rather_o the_o fresh_a water_n which_o run_v into_o the_o sea_n from_o a_o river_n not_o far_o off_o before_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o salt_n water_n which_o conjecture_n i_o the_o rather_o believe_v because_o near_a mouth_n of_o river_n it_o have_v elsewhere_o be_v observe_v that_o fresh_a water_n have_v for_o some_o time_n float_v together_o without_o be_v perfect_o mix_v with_o the_o other_o stream_n and_o as_o for_o scaliger_n opinion_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v against_o it_o that_o by_o a_o vessel_n so_o artificial_o contrive_v that_o it_o may_v be_v open_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o take_v in_o water_n the_o water_n draw_v up_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v salt_n but_o since_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v against_o this_o that_o the_o salt_n water_n be_v heavy_a than_o the_o fresh_a as_o it_o be_v draw_v up_o may_v be_v
mix_v with_o it_o by_o press_v into_o the_o vessel_n i_o shall_v add_v instance_n not_o liable_a to_o such_o objection_n for_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v not_o only_o at_o the_o cape_n of_o comori_fw-la but_o elsewhere_o by_o divers_a that_o the_o water_n be_v as_o salt_n at_o the_o bottom_n as_o at_o the_o top_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o divers_n have_v not_o only_o under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n observe_v the_o water_n exceed_v salt_n but_o have_v bring_v several_a lump_n of_o salt_n from_o the_o bottom_n with_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o like_a saltness_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v be_v discover_v near_o the_o strait_n of_o gibralter_n mouth_n and_o further_o that_o i_o may_v not_o only_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o sea_n be_v thus_o salt_n at_o the_o bottom_n i_o procure_v two_o quart_n of_o sea_n water_n the_o one_o take_v up_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o another_o at_o the_o top_n in_o which_o though_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n in_o colour_n yet_o be_v hydrostatical_o try_v there_o be_v no_o sensible_a difference_n in_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o they_o but_o to_o make_v out_o what_o i_o have_v before_o intimate_v viz._n that_o the_o freshness_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n near_o goa_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o the_o rise_n of_o some_o spring_n under_o water_n though_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o the_o salt_n water_n will_v in_o some_o measure_n obstruct_v the_o rise_n of_o fresh_a water_n yet_o this_o objection_n will_v easy_o be_v answer_v if_o we_o consider_v that_o according_a to_o what_o we_o have_v deliver_v in_o our_o hydrostatical_a paradox_n and_o also_o what_o stevinus_n have_v observe_v let_v the_o quantity_n of_o water_n be_v never_o so_o great_a no_o more_o can_v resist_v the_o rise_n of_o such_o spring_n but_o that_o pillar_n of_o water_n which_o lie_v over_o they_o in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n and_o if_o the_o spring_n take_v its_o rise_n from_o some_o high_a place_n so_o that_o the_o weight_n of_o that_o water_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o vein_n be_v heavy_a than_o the_o perpendicular_a pillar_n of_o sea_n water_n the_o rise_n of_o it_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v hinder_v by_o the_o pressure_n of_o that_o incumbent_a water_n but_o to_o explain_v and_o confirm_v this_o paradox_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v procure_v a_o long_a glass_n syphon_n part_n of_o it_o be_v invert_v so_o as_o to_o form_v a_o short_a leg_n i_o fill_v it_o with_o claret_n stop_v the_o orifice_n of_o the_o long_a leg_n with_o my_o thumb_n which_o syphon_n be_v immerse_v in_o salt_n water_n contain_v in_o a_o glass_n vessel_n and_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o long_a leg_n be_v open_v the_o claret_n notwithstanding_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o salt_n water_n present_o rise_v up_o in_o it_o in_o the_o form_n of_o cloud_n which_o last_v till_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o pipe_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o just_a aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o incumbent_a pillar_n of_o salt_n water_n sea_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o to_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o sea_n water_n i_o deny_v not_o what_o gassendus_fw-la and_o other_o modern_n teach_v but_o grant_v that_o the_o saltness_n proceed_v from_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n in_o the_o water_n yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o suspect_v that_o that_o saltness_n be_v not_o only_o supply_v by_o those_o salt_n rock_n which_o may_v be_v contiguous_a to_o or_o near_o the_o water_n but_o that_o the_o sea_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n supply_v by_o salt_n wash_v away_o and_o carry_v into_o it_o by_o spring_n and_o rain-water_n which_o float_v into_o the_o ocean_n and_o i_o be_o the_o more_o confirm_v in_o this_o suspicion_n because_o several_a chemist_n have_v not_o only_o find_v salt_n in_o some_o water_n but_o have_v obtain_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o common_a salt_n upon_o refine_n of_o salt-petre_n which_o according_a to_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n be_v in_o most_o soil_n which_o be_v not_o spend_v in_o vegetation_n or_o wash_v and_o consume_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o rain_n but_o not_o to_o insist_v too_o long_o on_o these_o thing_n it_o be_v not_o only_o probable_a that_o the_o salt_n in_o the_o earth_n may_v by_o this_o mean_n contribute_v to_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o that_o from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o deliver_v such_o salt_n may_v be_v communicate_v to_o it_o by_o latent_fw-la spring_n not_o to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o or_o discern_v by_o we_o and_o further_o that_o such_o salt_n as_o abound_v in_o the_o earth_n may_v supply_v the_o sea_n with_o most_o of_o the_o salt_n which_o be_v perceive_v to_o be_v in_o it_o we_o be_v to_o render_v it_o further_o probable_a to_o consider_v that_o the_o sea-salt_n and_o that_o be_v agreeable_a in_o the_o main_a with_o each_o other_o since_o they_o have_v almost_o the_o same_o shape_n and_o taste_n etc._n etc._n the_o former_a of_o which_o will_v appear_v by_o evaporation_n and_o crystalize_a they_o and_o as_o for_o some_o small_a difference_n to_o be_v perceive_v betwixt_o they_o that_o may_v easy_o arise_v from_o those_o bituminous_a and_o other_o as_o well_o as_o nitrous_a body_n which_o flow_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o which_o may_v be_v mix_v with_o they_o both_o by_o the_o internal_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n as_o well_o as_o the_o outward_a action_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o air._n and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o salt_n dissolve_v in_o sea-water_n may_v be_v probable_a if_o it_o be_v possible_a so_o to_o raise_v the_o fresh_a water_n it_o be_v dissolve_v in_o by_o distillation_n as_o to_o leave_v the_o saline_n part_v behind_o but_o not_o now_o to_o mention_v that_o not_o only_o i_o but_o the_o judicious_a sir_n john_n haukin_n in_o his_o voyage_n to_o the_o east-indies_n have_v by_o distil_v of_o salt-water_n obtain_v from_o it_o a_o wholesome_a fresh_a water_n i_o shall_v without_o make_v a_o long_a digression_n proceed_v to_o answer_v a_o objection_n which_o be_v urge_v against_o what_o i_o have_v deliver_v viz._n that_o if_o the_o spring_v acquire_v such_o a_o saltness_n by_o run_v through_o the_o earth_n it_o will_v be_v discernible_a before_o they_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o ocean_n to_o this_o i_o shall_v answer_v that_o beside_o those_o fresh_a spring_n which_o be_v visible_a to_o we_o there_o may_v be_v several_a other_o which_o lie_v too_o deep_a for_o we_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o take_v notice_n that_o i_o do_v not_o say_v that_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n whole_o depend_v on_o such_o supply_n but_o that_o they_o contribute_v to_o the_o saltness_n of_o it_o whence_o the_o bitterness_n of_o sea_n water_n whence_o have_v say_v so_o much_o of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o its_o cause_n it_o may_v be_v now_o seasonable_a to_o observe_v from_o whence_o proceed_v that_o bitterness_n remarkable_a in_o some_o if_o not_o most_o sea-water_n which_o we_o conceive_v may_v proceed_v partly_o from_o the_o external_a power_n of_o some_o catholic_n agent_n and_o partly_o from_o those_o bituminous_a body_n which_o be_v carry_v along_o with_o spring-water_n into_o the_o sea_n which_o have_v be_v visible_o apparent_a in_o the_o island_n barbadoes_n where_o that_o which_o they_o call_v barbadoes_n tarr_n have_v be_v see_v to_o flow_v from_o the_o rock_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o these_o cause_n may_v concur_v some_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n and_o effluvia_fw-la which_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o take_v notice_n of_o to_o flow_v from_o and_o pervade_v the_o earth_n and_o as_o for_o those_o different_a taste_n which_o be_v perceive_v in_o the_o sea_n at_o several_a place_n it_o be_v no_o less_o probable_a that_o they_o proceed_v from_o other_o adventitious_a body_n mix_v and_o incorporate_v with_o the_o sea-water_n for_o that_o the_o sea-salt_n which_o be_v dissolve_v in_o it_o be_v not_o a_o simple_a salt_n but_o a_o compound_n i_o have_v be_v induce_v to_o believe_v by_o a_o salt_n which_o i_o obtain_v from_o it_o and_o that_o some_o catholic_n agent_n may_v work_v change_n in_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o it_o will_v not_o otherwise_o have_v by_o a_o bare_a solution_n of_o those_o adventitious_a body_n that_o be_v mix_v in_o it_o i_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v since_o i_o have_v find_v that_o by_o keep_v the_o part_n of_o sea-water_n in_o agitation_n by_o a_o continue_a digestive_a heat_n it_o have_v considerable_o differ_v in_o taste_n from_o a_o bare_a solution_n of_o sea-salt_n in_o water_n and_o for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n that_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v vary_v in_o several_a place_n i_o shall_v bare_o intimate_v those_o several_a colour_n different_a
quality_n and_o stupendous_a multitude_n of_o adventitious_a corpuscle_n which_o be_v mix_v with_o it_o stink_a agitation_n requisite_a to_o preserve_v sea_n water_n from_o stink_a but_o to_o proceed_v among_o the_o various_a observation_n to_o be_v make_v about_o sea-water_n it_o be_v worth_a our_o notice_n that_o if_o it_o be_v keep_v from_o agitation_n it_o will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n stink_n which_o i_o have_v not_o only_o observe_v by_o keep_v some_o of_o it_o in_o a_o runlet_n for_o some_o time_n but_o also_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o one_o who_o in_o a_o voyage_n be_v for_o some_o day_n becalm_v that_o the_o sea_n for_o want_v of_o agitation_n stink_v so_o much_o in_o twelve_o or_o fourteen_o day_n that_o the_o smell_n be_v almost_o intolerable_a which_o continue_v till_o the_o wind_n put_v the_o water_n into_o agitation_n which_o agree_v with_o what_o sir_n john_n hawkins_n have_v observe_v who_o relate_v the_o follow_a story_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o move_a of_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o force_n of_o wind_n tide_n and_o current_n it_o will_v corrupt_v all_o the_o world_n the_o experience_n of_o which_o i_o see_v anno_fw-la 1590._o lie_v with_o a_o fleet_n about_o the_o island_n of_o azore_n almost_o six_o month_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o time_n we_o be_v becalm_v with_o which_o all_o the_o sea_n become_v so_o replenish_v with_o several_a sort_n of_o jelly_n and_o form_n of_o serpent_n adder_n and_o snake_n as_o seem_v wonderful_a some_o green_a some_o black_a some_o yellow_a some_o white_a some_o of_o divers_a colour_n and_o many_o of_o they_o have_v life_n and_o some_o there_o be_v a_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a and_o some_o two_o yard_n long_o which_o have_v i_o not_o see_v i_o can_v hardly_o have_v believe_v and_o hereof_o be_v witness_n all_o the_o company_n of_o the_o ship_n which_o be_v then_o present_a so_o that_o hardly_o a_o man_n can_v draw_v a_o bucket_n of_o water_n clear_a of_o some_o corruption_n in_o which_o voyage_n towards_o the_o end_n thereof_o many_o of_o every_o ship_n fall_v sick_a of_o this_o disease_n and_o die_v apace_o but_o that_o the_o speedy_a passage_n into_o our_o own_o country_n be_v a_o remedy_n to_o the_o craze_v and_o a_o preservative_n for_o those_o that_o be_v not_o touch_v differ_v the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n differ_v as_o for_o the_o different_a degree_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n i_o shall_v deliver_v what_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v of_o as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v and_o first_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o one_o to_o who_o i_o give_v a_o glass_n convenient_o shape_v to_o try_v the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o the_o water_n that_o it_o grow_v heavy_a and_o heavy_a as_o he_o come_v near_o the_o line_n till_o within_o about_o thirty_o degree_n latitude_n from_o whence_o to_o jamaica_n he_o observe_v no_o alteration_n in_o the_o specific_a gravity_n in_o the_o least_o and_o in_o confirmation_n of_o this_o i_o be_o likewise_o inform_v by_o one_o who_o for_o his_o own_o satisfaction_n weigh_v the_o water_n both_o under_o the_o aequinoctial_a and_o at_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n and_o find_v that_o the_o weight_n of_o both_o be_v the_o same_o to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o it_o be_v common_o observe_v at_o mosambique_n one_o of_o the_o hot_a place_n in_o the_o world_n that_o the_o sea_n be_v so_o salt_n there_o that_o it_o bear_v up_o the_o ship_n a_o considerable_a height_n out_o of_o the_o water_n more_o than_o in_o other_o place_n and_o that_o the_o water_n may_v be_v much_o salt_a in_o one_o place_n than_o another_o by_o have_v more_o salt_n dissolve_v in_o it_o do_v not_o only_o appear_v from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v but_o also_o from_o what_o be_v frequent_o observe_v in_o the_o different_a strength_n of_o brine-pit_n but_o to_o pass_v from_o what_o i_o have_v learn_v by_o information_n to_o what_o i_o have_v observe_v myself_o concern_v the_o proportion_n of_o salt_n to_o the_o water_n it_o be_v dissolve_v in_o which_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o sea-water_n betwixt_o england_n and_o france_n sea-water_n the_o proportion_n of_o salt_n in_o sea-water_n the_o first_o experiment_n i_o make_v to_o discover_v the_o quantity_n of_o salt_n be_v this_o that_o have_v in_o a_o viol_n weigh_v a_o equal_a proportion_n of_o sea-water_n take_v up_o at_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o common_a water_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o former_a exceed_v the_o latter_a of_o forty_o five_o part_n but_o these_o liquor_n be_v more_o hydrostatical_o try_v by_o weigh_v sulphur_n in_o they_o that_o which_o in_o the_o sea-water_n weigh_v ℥_o ss_z +_o 10_o ½_n gr_n in_o sea-water_n fetch_v from_o the_o bottom_n balance_v the_o same_o weight_n but_o be_v weigh_v in_o common_a water_n it_o weigh_v ℥_o ss_z +_o 15_o ½_n gr_n so_o that_o the_o sea-water_n be_v a_o fifty_o three_o part_n heavy_a than_o the_o fresh_a the_o difference_n in_o which_o way_n of_o try_v it_o from_o what_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o former_a trial_n i_o can_v attribute_v to_o nothing_o but_o some_o grosser_n saline_n part_v mix_v with_o the_o common_a water_n or_o some_o evaporate_v part_n of_o the_o sea-water_n another_o way_n we_o make_v use_v of_o to_o try_v the_o different_a specific_a gravity_n of_o these_o liquor_n be_v by_o distillation_n ad_fw-la siccitatem_fw-la in_o a_o digestive_a furnace_n in_o which_o a_o pound_n averdupoise_n weight_n yield_v ℥_o ss_z 10_o gr_n of_o salt_n so_o that_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o salt_n to_o the_o water_n be_v as_o 30_o and_o 12_o 100_o to_o one_o be_v near_o the_o thirty_o part._n but_o suspect_v that_o the_o quantity_n of_o this_o salt_n be_v much_o increase_v by_o imbibe_v moisture_n from_o the_o air_n i_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v dry_v in_o a_o crucible_n and_o find_v it_o weigh_v ʒiij_fw-la +_o ss_z which_o be_v about_o a_o thirty_o six_o part._n how_o so_o much_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n shall_v be_v obtain_v by_o distillation_n be_v difficult_a to_o conjecture_v yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o it_o may_v proceed_v from_o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n detain_v from_o fly_v away_o by_o be_v enclose_v among_o the_o cubical_a salt_n and_o this_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v first_o because_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o prepare_v a_o salt_n which_o will_v coagulate_v and_o embody_n itself_o with_o water_n and_o second_o because_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o a_o sort_n of_o salt_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n which_o be_v here_o purify_v and_o dissolve_v will_v yield_v a_o double_a quantity_n other_o the_o sea-water_n salt_a sometime_o than_o at_o other_o whether_o the_o sea-water_n may_v at_o some_o time_n be_v more_o impregnate_v with_o saline_n part_n than_o at_o other_o i_o conceive_v probable_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o supply_n that_o it_o receive_v both_o from_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v carry_v to_o it_o along_o with_o spring_n and_o also_o the_o sudden_a addition_n it_o may_v receive_v from_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n but_o these_o observation_n be_v very_o nice_a it_o most_o common_o require_v other_o measure_n than_o what_o hydrostatic_o afford_v for_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o several_a volatile_a salt_n which_o be_v of_o no_o considerable_a weight_n above_o common_a water_n may_v be_v mix_v with_o it_o without_o be_v perceive_v so_o that_o one_o may_v easy_o be_v deceive_v in_o judge_v of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n altogether_o by_o hydrostaticks_n because_o that_o which_o violent_o affect_v the_o taste_n may_v have_v but_o a_o small_a influence_n in_o the_o balance_n to_o confirm_v which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o bubble_n of_o glass_n have_v metal_n in_o it_o weigh_v ʒiij_fw-la ✚_o 51_o ¼_n gr_n in_o spirit_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o but_o ʒiij_fw-la ✚_o 45_o ¾_n in_o common_a water_n but_o further_a i_o weigh_v in_o the_o same_o liquor_n a_o equal_a proportion_n of_o sea-salt_n bring_v from_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o find_v that_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o former_a be_v to_o a_o equal_a proportion_n of_o that_o liquor_n as_o two_o and_o a_o quarter_n to_o one_o whereas_o the_o shall_v ammoniac_a be_v not_o above_o a_o hundred_o part_n above_o one_o and_o 7_o 10_o to_o one_o which_o be_v the_o more_o strange_a because_o part_n of_o the_o composition_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v sea-salt_n but_o that_o i_o may_v be_v satisfy_v what_o be_v the_o great_a degree_n of_o saltness_n that_o water_n will_v be_v impregnate_v with_o i_o shake_v a_o lump_n of_o salt_n in_o water_n till_o it_o will_v dissolve_v no_o more_o and_o find_v that_o a_o brine_n may_v be_v make_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o salt_n will_v be_v dissolve_v in_o five_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o water_n to_o conclude_v this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v add_v one_o
thing_n which_o have_v not_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o hydrostatician_n which_o be_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o sea-salt_n to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n which_o i_o have_v find_v to_o be_v almost_o as_o two_o to_o one_o and_o i_o likewise_o find_v that_o a_o piece_n of_o sal_fw-la gemm_n which_o be_v more_o pure_a and_o weighty_a than_o sea-salt_n be_v to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n about_o as_o 2_o 2_o 8_o to_o 1._o chap._n viii_o memoirs_fw-fr for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n the_o use_n of_o mineral_n water_n be_v so_o universal_a and_o the_o method_n which_o some_o physician_n take_v to_o try_v they_o so_o slight_a that_o though_o i_o be_o satisfy_v it_o be_v difficult_a without_o experience_n to_o ascribe_v virtue_n to_o they_o à _fw-la priori_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a variety_n of_o mineral_n which_o may_v impregnate_n they_o with_o particle_n of_o various_a and_o very_a different_a nature_n i_o can_v but_o think_v but_o that_o if_o we_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o quaeres_fw-la and_o several_a method_n in_o order_n to_o a_o discovery_n of_o they_o more_o nice_a trial_n may_v much_o contribute_v to_o the_o clear_n up_o of_o a_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n since_o by_o a_o competent_a number_n of_o experiment_n it_o may_v be_v hope_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o metalline_a salt_n with_o which_o mineral_n water_n be_v impregnate_v may_v be_v discover_v wherefore_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o such_o sort_n of_o experiment_n that_o may_v be_v most_o easy_o try_v viz._n chief_o chemical_a one_o which_o may_v be_v make_v at_o home_n without_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o attend_v those_o mineral_n fountain_n from_o whence_o they_o spring_v and_o because_o my_o design_n be_v rather_o to_o improve_v physic_n by_o the_o follow_a observation_n than_o to_o entertain_v speculative_a naturalist_n i_o have_v chief_o make_v it_o my_o business_n in_o the_o follow_a paper_n to_o consider_v those_o water_n call_v acidulae_n rather_o than_o the_o other_o term_v thermae_n because_o the_o former_a be_v of_o more_o general_a use_n water_n the_o danger_n of_o a_o ill_a use_n of_o mineral_n water_n but_o perhaps_o some_o may_v think_v that_o the_o quares_n hereafter_o propound_v may_v be_v too_o troublesome_a and_o more_o than_o requisite_a since_o the_o use_v of_o mineneral_a water_n be_v think_v so_o innocent_a as_o to_o be_v of_o no_o ill_a consequence_n if_o unsuccesful_a to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o though_o when_o skilful_o give_v they_o do_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o good_a yet_o they_o be_v as_o prejudicial_a if_o unskilful_o prescribe_v and_o therefore_o since_o there_o can_v be_v too_o much_o caution_n we_o can_v be_v too_o inquisitive_a to_o inform_v ourselves_o of_o their_o virtue_n for_o there_o may_v be_v a_o great_a many_o hide_a quality_n in_o they_o and_o they_o may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o several_a metalline_a property_n which_o may_v not_o be_v discover_v to_o the_o eye_n or_o by_o common_a trial_n beside_o be_v such_o experiment_n industrious_o prosecute_v they_o may_v help_v to_o discover_v several_a other_o quality_n in_o mineral_n water_n which_o be_v as_o yet_o unknown_a for_o from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o earth_n which_o abound_v with_o mineral_n of_o a_o martial_a nature_n may_v be_v more_o apt_a to_o impregnate_n subterraneal_a water_n than_o we_o can_v otherwise_o imagine_v for_o upon_o pour_v of_o a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n filtrate_v through_o cap-paper_n upon_o file_n of_o steel_n gall_n the_o effect_n of_o file_n of_o steel_n in_o a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n the_o liquor_n in_o half_a a_o hour_n become_v opacous_a and_o almost_o as_o black_a as_o ink_n the_o like_a phaenomena_n to_o which_o be_v exhibit_v by_o steel_n in_o a_o infusion_n of_o brasil_n or_o log-wood_n make_v in_o common_a water_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o several_a water_n have_v be_v discover_v under_o ground_n of_o very_o different_a taste_n some_o of_o which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v corrosive_a and_o other_o as_o harmless_a be_v endow_v with_o several_a medicinal_a and_o useful_a quality_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v more_o particular_o of_o one_o which_o be_v a_o mine_n of_o coral_n in_o devonshire_n about_o 360_o foot_n deep_a in_o which_o be_v find_v a_o water_n very_o thick_a and_o red_a yet_o cool_a and_o diuretic_n and_o not_o in_o the_o least_o nauseous_a to_o the_o taste_n chap._n ix_o title_n propose_v for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n consider_v whilst_o in_o their_o proper_a channel_n water_n query_n in_o order_n to_o a_o discovery_n of_o the_o virtue_n of_o mineral_n water_n in_o order_n to_o a_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_n in_o three_o different_a capacity_n first_o as_o they_o be_v find_v in_o their_o natural_a receptacle_n second_o when_o draw_v up_o for_o use_n and_o three_o with_o respect_n to_o their_o effect_n on_o human_a body_n to_o the_o first_o of_o which_o head_n the_o follow_a quaeres_fw-la may_v be_v refer_v 1._o within_o the_o precinct_n of_o what_o climate_n or_o parallel_n and_o in_o what_o degree_n of_o latitude_n the_o mineral_n water_n be_v to_o be_v find_v 2._o to_o what_o point_n these_o water_n lie_v open_v most_o in_o their_o receptacle_n 3._o whether_o the_o ground_n in_o which_o they_o be_v find_v be_v a_o plain_a or_o how_o much_o it_o differ_v from_o a_o plain_a 4._o if_o the_o ground_n be_v upon_o a_o ascent_n how_o far_o they_o be_v from_o the_o botttom_n of_o that_o ascent_n 5._o whether_o a_o recrementitious_a substance_n adhere_v to_o stone_n long_o contiguous_a to_o these_o water_n 6._o whether_o subterraneal_a fire_n be_v near_o such_o water_n and_o what_o phaenomena_n such_o exhibit_v 7._o whether_o brimstone_n or_o salarmoniack_a etc._n etc._n be_v find_v about_o the_o vent_v of_o such_o subterraneal_a fire_n 8._o whether_o instead_o of_o subterraneal_a fire_n there_o be_v other_o adjacent_a aestuary_n and_o whether_o such_o be_v constant_a or_o intermit_a and_o if_o so_o whether_o periodical_a or_o irregular_a 9_o whether_o mineral_n fume_n of_o particular_a colour_n or_o smell_v arise_v from_o such_o aestuary_n 10._o of_o what_o temper_n the_o neighbour_a as_o well_o as_o the_o soil_n they_o pass_v through_o be_v of_o 11._o whether_o and_o of_o what_o nature_n those_o mineral_n be_v of_o which_o they_o pass_v through_o 12._o whether_o the_o mineral_n water_n be_v original_o fresh_a and_o derive_v their_o virtue_n from_o the_o soil_n they_o afterward_o pass_v through_o 13._o whether_o if_o it_o acquire_v its_o virtue_n so_o there_o be_v upon_o the_o impregnation_n any_o effervescence_n or_o whether_o any_o such_o effect_v succeed_v its_o mixture_n with_o another_o liquor_n 14._o whether_o there_o be_v a_o spring_n of_o a_o contrary_a nature_n near_o it_o viz._n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a as_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o france_n 15._o whether_o a_o oily_a or_o bituminous_a inflammable_a substance_n float_v in_o it_o 16._o whether_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n or_o temperature_n of_o the_o wether_n alter_v they_o and_o what_o quality_n they_o lose_v or_o acquire_v by_o such_o for_o after_o rain_n i_o have_v observe_v such_o water_n incapable_a of_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n black_a but_o as_o to_o its_o medicinal_a virtue_n i_o have_v find_v that_o rain_n after_o long_a drought_n have_v rather_o increase_v than_o diminish_v their_o strength_n by_o dissolve_v and_o dilute_v those_o salt_n which_o be_v fix_v in_o the_o earth_n for_o want_v of_o a_o vehicle_n but_o if_o the_o water_n be_v weak_a and_o the_o rain_n much_o those_o salt_n be_v the_o more_o dilute_v render_v the_o water_n less_o effectual_a 17._o whether_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o water_n may_v be_v chemical_o and_o mechanical_o discover_v as_o also_o of_o what_o colour_n and_o weight_n and_o with_o what_o menstruum_v their_o salt_n may_v be_v mix_v and_o likewise_o what_o substance_n they_o will_v yield_v when_o expose_v to_o different_a degree_n of_o fire_n and_o what_o other_o chemical_a trial_n those_o as_o well_o as_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n may_v undergo_v chap._n x._o contain_v title_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n when_o draw_v out_o of_o their_o receptacle_n qeaery_n a_o continuation_n of_o qeaery_n 1._o whether_o the_o mineral_n water_n propose_v be_v actual_o hot_a or_o cold_a from_o whence_o we_o may_v judge_v from_o what_o depth_n those_o water_n rose_n and_o whether_o they_o be_v impregnate_v with_o a_o salt-peter_n or_o salarmoniack_a in_o their_o ascent_n and_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o heat_n or_o cold_a may_v be_v either_o try_v by_o immerge_v a_o thermoscope_n or_o by_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v coagulate_v oil_n of_o aniseed_n or_o melt_v butter_n 2._o of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n which_o be_v
black_a but_o also_o one_o saturate_v with_o copper_n a_o succedaneum_n to_o which_o may_v be_v make_v by_o add_v to_o sulphur_n as_o it_o melt_v over_o the_o fire_n and_o equal_a proportion_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n fine_o powder_v stir_v they_o till_o they_o incorporate_v and_o become_v red_a which_o mixture_n be_v put_v into_o a_o glass_n retort_n with_o half_a its_o weight_n of_o salarmoniack_a dissolve_v in_o water_n let_v it_o be_v distil_v in_o sand_n shift_v the_o receiver_n as_o the_o liquor_n draw_v off_o be_v tinge_v more_o or_o less_o so_o that_o the_o strong_a may_v be_v preserve_v by_o itself_o and_o such_o trial_n as_o these_o will_v be_v of_o more_o use_n than_o those_o usual_o make_v with_o a_o bare_a tincture_n of_o gall_n since_o there_o be_v several_a mineral_n substance_n and_o other_o body_n which_o mineral_n water_n may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o which_o discover_v not_o themselves_o in_o a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n as_o sulphur_n or_o copper_n may_v be_v so_o lock_v up_o in_o these_o water_n as_o not_o to_o be_v perceive_v till_o the_o body_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v open_v by_o some_o proper_a additament_n and_o even_o arsenic_n itself_o may_v be_v so_o disguise_v as_o not_o to_o be_v perceive_v when_o mix_v with_o the_o water_n yet_o if_o spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la be_v drop_v into_o a_o solution_n of_o it_o it_o present_o precipitate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a powder_n and_o so_o likewise_o if_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n be_v add_v to_o it_o they_o whether_o mineral_n water_n have_v arsenic_n dissolve_v in_o they_o but_o to_o discover_v whether_o mineral_n water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o arsenic_n or_o not_o i_o put_v dantzick_n or_o english_a vitriol_n into_o a_o solution_n of_o it_o either_o of_o which_o cause_v a_o dark_a precipitate_v gradual_o to_o subside_o 14._o whether_o spirituous_a acid_n volatile_a alkalys_n or_o lixivial_a salt_n will_v precipitate_v such_o water_n 15._o the_o manner_n of_o extract_a salt_n from_o such_o water_n and_o what_o quantity_n may_v be_v extract_v guess_n may_v be_v make_v concern_v the_o saltness_n of_o these_o water_n by_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v lather_n with_o soap_n and_o if_o not_o what_o quantity_n of_o curdle_a matter_n they_o will_v yield_v i_o have_v observe_v that_o even_o the_o light_a water_n will_v yield_v a_o small_a quantity_n of_o common_a salt_n 16._o how_o to_o discover_v what_o acidity_n be_v to_o be_v find_v without_o evaporation_n have_v take_v a_o peculiar_a method_n to_o try_v the_o acidity_n of_o mineral_n water_n by_o mix_v they_o with_o a_o infusion_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la in_o simple_a water_n i_o find_v that_o though_o german_a spa_n yield_v a_o small_a quantity_n yet_o in_o that_o of_o action_n there_o be_v none_o discernible_a 17._o what_o may_v be_v observe_v by_o distillation_n in_o balnco_n 18._o what_o and_o whether_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o caput_n mortuum_n be_v afford_v by_o evaporation_n and_o distillation_n 19_o whether_o mineral_n water_n will_v acquire_v the_o same_o quality_n and_o texture_n by_o a_o reunion_n of_o their_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n when_o distil_v to_o such_o a_o consistence_n in_o glass-vessel_n exact_o lute_v which_o they_o have_v before_o 20._o what_o change_n if_o any_o mineral_n water_n undergo_v by_o be_v boil_v in_o water_n in_o a_o glass_n hermetical_o seal_v from_o whence_o may_v be_v learn_v whether_o a_o change_n of_o quality_n will_v succeed_v a_o alteration_n of_o texture_n without_o a_o manifest_a loss_n of_o part_n and_o whether_o a_o agitation_n of_o part_n without_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o air_n will_v precipitate_v any_o thing_n or_o deprive_v it_o of_o its_o power_n to_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n purple_a 21._o how_o much_o the_o mineral_n water_n exceed_v their_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n in_o proportien_n 22._o what_o part_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n and_o whether_o dissoluble_a in_o water_n 23._o how_o much_o the_o saline_n and_o terrestrial_a part_n differ_v in_o proportion_n 24._o whether_o in_o strong_a fire_n the_o salt_n be_v volatile_a or_o fix_a and_o to_o what_o degree_n 25._o whether_o the_o salt_n will_v crystallize_v per_fw-la se_fw-la or_o with_o other_o salt_n and_o what_o be_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o genuine_a or_o compound_v crystal_n 26._o whether_o acid_n or_o alkaline_n quality_n be_v most_o predominant_a the_o acidity_n will_v either_o appear_v to_o the_o taste_n or_o smell_v or_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n red_a as_o also_o by_o make_v use_n of_o a_o infusion_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la which_o upon_o a_o mixture_n of_o acid_n lose_v its_o blue_a colour_n their_o acidity_n may_v likewise_o be_v discover_v by_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v be_v precipitate_v by_o alkalys_n or_o ferment_n with_o they_o and_o if_o alkaly_n be_v predominant_a it_o on_o the_o contrary_n discover_v itself_o by_o a_o lixivial_a taste_n and_o smell_v and_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a or_o precipitate_v a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n or_o ferment_v with_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la or_o last_o by_o increase_v the_o colour_n of_o a_o tincture_n of_o brasil_n or_o log-wood_n in_o common-water_n and_o though_o we_o have_v no_o such_o spring_n here_o in_o england_n as_o afford_v alkaline_a salt_n yet_o without_o question_n in_o egypt_n such_o may_v be_v find_v since_o their_o latron_n or_o the_o egyptian_a nitre_n abound_v with_o a_o salt_n of_o a_o alkaline_a nature_n and_o i_o have_v obtain_v such_o a_o alkaly_n from_o that_o famous_a water_n of_o bourbon_n in_o france_n which_o will_v turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a and_o ferment_n with_o volatile_a acid_n if_o such_o water_n abound_v with_o vitriol_n they_o will_v turn_v a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n black_a and_o vomit_v those_o that_o drink_v they_o and_o if_o a_o alkaly_n be_v add_v will_v yield_v a_o yellow_a precipitate_v upon_o drop_v of_o spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o salt_n of_o tartar_n into_o they_o i_o have_v not_o find_v any_o of_o the_o water_n about_o london_n to_o be_v impregnate_v with_o vitriol_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o france_n the_o mineral_n water_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v impregnate_v with_o vitriol_n that_o there_o be_v a_o vitriolate_a spring_n in_o that_o kingdom_n as_o for_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o salt_n which_o most_o mineral_n water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o i_o think_v that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o any_o glass_n but_o be_v either_o svi_fw-la generis_fw-la and_o a_o peculiar_a one_o or_o a_o compound_v salt_n make_v up_o of_o such_o as_o the_o water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o in_o its_o passage_n through_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o purgative_n salt_n may_v by_o a_o change_n of_o texture_n be_v make_v of_o salt_n not_o at_o all_o purgative_n i_o the_o rather_o believe_v because_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v by_o a_o ingenious_a empiric_n that_o a_o salt_n which_o i_o make_v of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o common_a sulphur_n mix_v together_o have_v a_o gentle_a purge_v virtue_n 27._o in_o what_o menstruum_n the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n may_v be_v dissolve_v and_o in_o what_o it_o may_v not_o whether_o volatile_a or_o fix_v and_o what_o quality_n it_o have_v in_o respect_n of_o colour_n or_o smell_n afford_v what_o proportion_n of_o salt_n mineral_n water_n afford_v it_o be_v to_o be_v admire_v what_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o caput_n mortuum_n some_o mineral_n water_n yield_v in_o comparison_n of_o other_o since_o those_o water_n which_o be_v pure_o diuretic_n have_v very_o little_a if_o compare_v with_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n of_o purge_v water_n for_o though_o a_o pound_n of_o barnet_n water_n yield_v a_o drachm_n yet_o the_o same_o weight_n of_o tunbridge_n afford_v but_o a_o grain_n and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o so_o small_a a_o quantity_n of_o a_o mineral_n shall_v impregnate_n so_o much_o water_n as_o i_o have_v by_o trial_n find_v a_o grain_n of_o iron_n stone_n do_v enable_v it_o to_o tincture_n a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n deep_a than_o tunbridge_n or_o german_a spa_n water_n will_v and_o i_o have_v try_v that_o half_o a_o grain_n of_o marchasite_n dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n communicate_v a_o tincture_n to_o 61440_o part_n of_o water_n though_o part_n of_o that_o marchasite_n be_v sulphur_n and_o part_n of_o it_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n and_o here_o it_o may_v be_v seasonable_a to_o take_v notice_n that_o if_o so_o small_a a_o portion_n of_o a_o metalline_a substance_n will_v when_o gross_o dissolve_v impregnate_n so_o large_a a_o quantity_n of_o water_n how_o much_o more_o may_v it_o when_o raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o subtle_a mineral_n fume_v and_o as_o in_o such_o a_o form_n it_o may_v impregnate_n a_o large_a quantity_n of_o water_n so_o will_v it_o be_v
more_o apt_a to_o fly_v away_o when_o expose_v to_o the_o air._n and_o that_o vitriol_n may_v probable_o rise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o vapour_n without_o lose_v its_o quality_n be_v evident_a in_o sublimate_n which_o consist_v of_o mercury_n change_v by_o a_o addition_n of_o salt_n and_o vitriol_n for_o some_o vitriolic_a part_n be_v carry_v up_o in_o the_o preparation_n turn_v opacous_a upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o sulphur_n but_o further_a to_o make_v it_o evident_a that_o the_o particle_n of_o iron_n may_v be_v considerable_o expanded_a i_o drop_v four_o drop_n of_o a_o vitriolic_a liquor_n make_v use_v of_o in_o copperas-work_n into_o twelve_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a of_o water_n and_o find_v that_o it_o so_o much_o impregnate_v 1500_o time_n its_o proportion_n of_o common_a water_n as_o to_o make_v it_o strong_a enough_o to_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n purple_a though_o by_o evaporation_n we_o find_v that_o 3_o part_n of_o 4_o of_o that_o liquor_n be_v water_n 28._o what_o alteration_n the_o earthy_a part_n of_o mineral_n water_n undergo_v by_o ignition_n and_o whether_o they_o may_v be_v vitrify_v per_fw-la se_fw-la as_o also_o what_o colour_n they_o impart_v to_o venice_n glass_n if_o mix_v with_o the_o powder_n before_o fluxion_n 29._o of_o what_o use_n they_o be_v in_o bake_v brew_v tan_v or_o die_v of_o colour_n etc._n etc._n 30._o how_o many_o way_n they_o may_v be_v make_v artificial_o and_o with_o what_o proportion_n of_o ingredient_n chap._n xi_o title_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral-water_n consider_v as_o a_o medicine_n it_o may_v be_v worth_a observe_v in_o order_n to_o a_o more_o complete_a natural_a history_n of_o mineral-water_n what_o constitution_n they_o agree_v with_o and_o in_o what_o distemper_n they_o be_v proper_a or_o dangerous_a what_o sensible_a operation_n they_o have_v and_o whether_o their_o effect_n be_v alter_v by_o drink_v they_o hot_a or_o cold_a at_o the_o well_o or_o at_o a_o distance_n from_o it_o whether_o exercise_n or_o the_o warmth_n of_o a_o bed_n promote_v their_o operation_n whether_o they_o have_v any_o occult_a quality_n it_o may_v likewise_o be_v requisite_a to_o observe_v what_o good_a effect_n may_v succeed_v a_o due_a preparation_n of_o the_o body_n that_o drink_v they_o and_o what_o advantage_n it_o may_v be_v to_o drop_v some_o strengthen_v stomachick_n into_o the_o first_o do_v what_o quantity_n be_v enough_o for_o the_o first_o do_v and_o how_o it_o must_v be_v vary_v how_o long_o they_o may_v be_v drink_v and_o whether_o constant_o or_o with_o interval_n whether_o purge_v sometime_o may_v contribute_v to_o their_o good_a effect_n what_o regimen_n in_o the_o six_o non-naturals_a be_v to_o be_v observe_v whilst_o they_o be_v ataking_a which_o be_v the_o sign_n that_o denote_v the_o kindly_a operation_n of_o they_o or_o their_o future_a ill_a effect_n what_o ill_a accident_n attend_v the_o take_n of_o they_o and_o how_o they_o may_v be_v remedy_v or_o prevent_v whether_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o purge_v after_o the_o take_v of_o they_o what_o effect_n they_o will_v have_v by_o mix_v other_o liquor_n with_o they_o or_o by_o boil_a meat_n in_o they_o whether_o a_o salt_n extract_v will_v be_v of_o equal_a effect_n when_o dilute_v in_o fresh_a water_n what_o external_n effect_n they_o will_v have_v and_o of_o what_o use_v their_o sediment_n be_v when_o external_o apply_v what_o effect_n they_o will_v have_v on_o dog_n if_o inject_v into_o their_o vein_n or_o if_o they_o be_v keep_v with_o such_o for_o constant_a drink_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n especial_o the_o air._n it_o be_v the_o general_n consent_v of_o most_o man_n that_o the_o determinate_a state_n of_o body_n be_v not_o only_a first_o frame_v by_o what_o they_o call_v nature_n but_o that_o they_o be_v likewise_o preserve_v in_o those_o state_n by_o the_o superintendency_n of_o that_o power_n and_o that_o whenever_o they_o lose_v that_o state_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v put_v into_o a_o preternatural_a one_o but_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o such_o change_n proceed_v from_o natural_a cause_n and_o that_o those_o new_a state_n depend_v on_o the_o like_a catholic_n agent_n ground_v the_o common_a distinction_n betwixt_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n ill_o ground_v and_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o nature_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o distinction_n man_n usual_o make_v betwixt_o the_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n be_v but_o ill-grounded_a and_o that_o preternatural_a be_v only_o a_o relative_n term_n intimate_v that_o that_o body_n have_v undergo_v a_o change_n either_o by_o the_o operation_n of_o some_o unheeded_a or_o more_o note_a agent_n for_o matter_n be_v altogether_o void_a of_o sense_n and_o perception_n and_o not_o affect_v one_o state_n more_o than_o another_o the_o change_v it_o undergo_v depend_v on_o the_o alteration_n of_o its_o texture_n and_o new_a position_n of_o its_o part_n alter_v afresh_o by_o that_o agent_n which_o such_o a_o body_n be_v last_o expose_v to_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o wax_n be_v put_v into_o a_o new_a form_n by_o the_o last_o impression_n make_v by_o another_o body_n upon_o it_o without_o affect_v one_o form_n more_o than_o another_o itself_o place_n ice_n a_o natural_a state_n in_o some_o place_n and_o that_o the_o state_n of_o some_o body_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v preternatural_a as_o true_o depend_v on_o natural_a cause_n and_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o nature_n as_o other_o be_v evident_a in_o ice_n and_o water_n in_o which_o body_n the_o form_n of_o each_o depend_v upon_o the_o effect_n of_o external_n agent_n for_o though_o in_o these_o hot_a climate_n water_n be_v esteem_v a_o natural_a and_o ice_n a_o preternatural_a state_n of_o that_o substance_n yet_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o in_o siberia_n a_o province_n belong_v to_o a_o russian_a emperor_n water_n be_v freeze_v most_o part_n of_o the_o year_n and_o at_o a_o small_a depth_n from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o soil_n be_v freeze_v throughout_o where_o ice_n be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v the_o natural_a and_o the_o alteration_n make_v by_o a_o thaw_v and_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o external_n temperature_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o sun_n beam_n be_v esteem_v preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n and_o further_o though_o butter_n in_o our_o clime_n be_v sell_v in_o a_o consistent_a form_n and_o when_o it_o be_v melt_v be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v in_o a_o preternatural_a state_n yet_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o among_o the_o european_n it_o be_v fluid_a and_o be_v sell_v by_o measure_n and_o not_o by_o weight_n as_o here_o in_o england_n and_o it_o be_v further_o observe_v that_o several_a substance_n as_o rosin_n of_o jalap_n gum_n lacca_n and_o even_a aloe_n itself_o be_v considerable_o soften_v in_o their_o consistence_n by_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o force_n of_o external_n heat_n whilst_o they_o pass_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n so_o that_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o the_o former_a of_o the_o aforementioned_a drug_n be_v melt_v into_o a_o sort_n of_o balsam_n whilst_o it_o continue_v in_o africa_n but_o when_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o spain_n it_o put_v on_o a_o consistent_a form_n again_o and_o though_o aloe_n be_v soft_a whilst_o carry_v through_o america_n and_o those_o hot_a climate_n yet_o when_o it_o approach_v our_o climate_n it_o present_o become_v hard_a but_o to_o bring_v further_a instance_n concern_v the_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n i_o shall_v observe_v that_o according_a the_o receive_v notion_n of_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o determine_v the_o natural_a state_n of_o the_o air_n for_o not_o to_o insist_v on_o the_o different_a temperature_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a in_o different_a clime_n it_o may_v be_v demand_v since_o heat_n and_o cold_a rarify_v and_o expand_v the_o air_n what_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v the_o natural_a state_n of_o it_o in_o reference_n to_o rarity_n and_o density_n and_o it_o be_v no_o less_o questionable_a what_o place_n be_v most_o fit_a to_o determine_v its_o natural_a state_n since_o the_o state_n of_o it_o be_v not_o only_o different_a in_o several_a country_n but_o in_o those_o place_n at_o different_a time_n and_o that_o the_o change_n as_o to_o the_o density_n or_o rarity_n of_o the_o air_n be_v very_o frequent_a appear_v by_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n gravity_n evident_a in_o the_o torrecellian_a experiment_n hereafter_o to_o be_v deliver_v air._n a_o force_a state_n the_o natural_a state_n of_o the_o air._n but_o further_o except_o the_o state_n of_o the_o air_n be_v say_v to_o be_v preternatural_a only_o in_o a_o relative_n sense_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o state_n it_o be_v in_o
into_o the_o air._n experiment_n xxi_o same_o concern_v the_o same_o have_v fill_v a_o glass_n viol_n with_o water_n which_o contain_v something_o above_o a_o pound_n i_o take_v a_o glass_n pipe_n about_o as_o thick_a as_o a_o goose_n quill_n and_o have_v put_v one_o end_n of_o it_o into_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bottle_n and_o close_v it_o with_o cement_n i_o fill_v the_o pipe_n half_o full_a with_o water_n stick_v a_o piece_n of_o paper_n at_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o pipe_n which_o be_v place_v in_o the_o pump_n after_o the_o air_n have_v be_v pump_v a_o while_n above_o sixty_o bubble_n of_o water_n as_o big_a as_o pease_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o water_n one_o after_o another_o and_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bottle_n so_o far_o expanded_a as_o to_o rise_v quite_o up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o pipe_n and_o be_v permit_v to_o subside_n several_a bubble_n of_o air_n rise_v out_o of_o it_o afresh_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o renew_v its_o expansion_n as_o before_o but_o upon_o a_o reingress_n of_o the_o air_n it_o present_o subside_v almost_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pipe_n beside_o which_o the_o follow_a phaenomena_n be_v observable_a first_o that_o those_o bubble_n which_o ascend_v last_o be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o former_a either_o because_o their_o part_n be_v more_o expanded_a than_o before_o or_o because_o more_o bubble_n of_o air_n be_v unite_v together_o but_o whatever_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o we_o observe_v that_o they_o ascend_v much_o slow_a than_o before_o another_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v be_v that_o though_o bubble_n be_v usual_o wont_a to_o rise_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n encompass_v with_o a_o thin_a film_n yet_o in_o this_o tube_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n be_v convex_a the_o less_o protuberant_a part_n of_o the_o bubble_n be_v cover_v with_o water_n another_o observation_n which_o occur_v be_v that_o whereas_o those_o bubble_n which_o rise_v at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o operation_n divide_v the_o water_n which_o they_o pass_v through_o in_o their_o ascent_n these_o latter_a expanded_a bubble_n fill_v up_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o cylinder_n in_o their_o passage_n raise_v the_o water_n before_o they_o till_o the_o air_n be_v again_o permit_v to_o re-enter_v the_o receiver_n and_o then_o they_o whole_o disappear_v from_o which_o observation_n it_o may_v natural_o be_v infer_v first_o body_n under_o water_n may_v be_v press_v upon_o by_o the_o atmosphere_n as_o well_o as_o incumbent_a water_n second_o it_o can_v be_v hence_o infer_v that_o the_o intumescence_n of_o the_o water_n proceed_v from_o any_o elasticity_n in_o it_o since_o it_o may_v more_o probable_o proceed_v from_o the_o elasticity_n of_o the_o air_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n and_o to_o make_v it_o probable_a that_o those_o bubble_n proceed_v from_o small_a particle_n of_o air_n disperse_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n and_o not_o from_o any_o spirituous_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n expanded_a i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a experiment_n experiment_n xxii_o the_o bubble_n prove_v to_o be_v aerious_a and_o not_o watery_a by_o observe_v the_o like_a bubble_n in_o î_fw-la mercury_n to_o which_o be_v subjoin_v a_o digression_n whether_o the_o air_n be_v generate_v de_fw-la novo_fw-la etc._n etc._n though_o it_o be_v general_o allege_v that_o the_o bubble_n which_o rise_v in_o the_o cylindrical_a tube_n in_o the_o forego_n nineteenth_o experiment_n be_v particle_n of_o water_n expanded_a upon_o a_o diminution_n of_o the_o incumbent_a weight_n of_o the_o air_n yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v they_o real_o part_v of_o air_n disperse_v through_o the_o water_n because_o upon_o the_o re-enter_v of_o the_o air_n the_o water_n be_v not_o impel_v quite_o to_o the_o top_n but_o be_v depress_v by_o the_o air_n lodge_v above_o it_o almost_o a_o inch_n which_o be_v collect_v together_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air._n prove_v the_o bubble_n which_o rise_v in_o water_n aerial_a prove_v but_o in_o order_n to_o a_o further_a discovery_n whether_o the_o aforesaid_a bubble_n be_v water_n or_o not_o we_o try_v the_o nineteenth_o experiment_n in_o a_o small_a receiver_n and_o upon_o draw_v out_o the_o air_n the_o water_n subside_v upon_o which_o several_a bubble_n rise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cylinder_n prevent_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o water_n half_o a_o inch_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o bubble_n of_o the_o air_n collect_v at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cylinder_n and_o we_o be_v further_o persuade_v that_o those_o bubble_n be_v aerial_a because_o the_o air_n be_v a_o second_o time_n exhaust_v the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o tube_n be_v by_o the_o spring_n of_o that_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o cylinder_n depress_v below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v without_o the_o tube_n have_v a_o convex_a superficies_n as_o water_v expose_v to_o air_n in_o such_o tubes_fw-la usual_o have_v but_o rather_o more_o protuberant_a and_o to_o demonstrate_v that_o those_o bubble_n be_v real_o make_v up_o of_o aerial_a particle_n when_o the_o air_n be_v almost_o exhaust_v and_o the_o water_n have_v subside_v near_o as_o low_a as_o the_o external_a water_n by_o apply_v water_n to_o the_o tube_n which_o contain_v the_o air_n we_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v so_o far_o expanded_a as_o to_o depress_v the_o water_n down_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o tube_n several_a inch_n below_o the_o external_n water_n so_o that_o the_o air_n which_o be_v before_o expanded_a to_o near_o a_o hundred_o time_n its_o extent_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v further_o expanded_a by_o heat_n but_o i_o be_v yet_o further_o confirm_v in_o my_o opinion_n that_o those_o bubble_n be_v nothing_o but_o air_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n because_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n the_o subside_v water_n yield_v not_o bubble_n as_o before_o except_o a_o few_o small_a one_o when_o it_o be_v near_o pump_v out_o and_o what_o i_o take_v for_o a_o strong_a argument_n be_v that_o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o mercury_n several_a bubble_n likewise_o rise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cylinder_n and_o the_o mercury_n subside_v a_o second_o time_n upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n several_a bubble_n appear_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cylinder_n which_o grow_v big_a and_o big_a as_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o mercury_n descend_v low_a from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o body_n pore_n the_o expansion_n of_o water_n depend_v on_o the_o elater_n of_o the_o air_n lodge_v in_o its_o pore_n more_o ponderous_a than_o water_n may_v contain_v aerial_a particle_n in_o its_o pore_n capable_a of_o expand_v themselves_o when_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o compression_n be_v take_v away_o so_o that_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o intumescence_n of_o the_o water_n not_o only_o in_o these_o experiment_n but_o also_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o pewter_n globe_n before_o mention_v proceed_v from_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o aerial_a particle_n contain_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n rather_o than_o from_o any_o elasticity_n in_o the_o water_n itself_o these_o thing_n be_v premise_v it_o will_v be_v a_o matter_n of_o some_o importance_n and_o of_o no_o small_a consequence_n not_o whether_o air_n be_v a_o primogeneal_a bedy_n or_o not_o to_o determine_v whether_o what_o we_o have_v say_v of_o the_o air_n be_v true_a to_o consider_v whether_o air_n be_v real_o a_o primogenial_a body_n and_o inconvertible_a into_o water_n and_o vice_n versâ_fw-la or_o not_o but_o it_o be_v as_o difficult_a as_o requisite_a we_o shall_v rather_o choose_v to_o offer_v what_o may_v be_v urge_v of_o either_o the_o affirmative_a or_o the_o negative_a and_o first_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o inaptitude_n of_o air_n to_o be_v turn_v into_o water_n or_o of_o water_n into_o air_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o beside_o that_o it_o have_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o several_a philosopher_n it_o have_v likewise_o be_v find_v impossible_a by_o experience_n to_o effect_v such_o a_o change_n in_o either_o of_o they_o and_o the_o diligent_a schottus_n mecham_n hydraulicopneumat_n part_v 3_o class_n 1._o relate_v that_o in_o the_o musaeum_fw-la kircherianum_n water_n have_v be_v hermetical_o seal_v in_o a_o glass_n with_o a_o long_a neck_n and_o keep_v there_o this_o forty_o year_n without_o undergo_a any_o change_n nor_o indeed_o do_v we_o perceive_v the_o least_o alteration_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o air_n hermetical_o seal_v in_o glass_n for_o chemical_a uses_n though_o it_o may_v acquire_v several_a degree_n of_o heat_n in_o they_o and_o it_o may_v very_o plain_o be_v see_v that_o though_o water_n be_v divide_v into_o
high_a nou._n 28._o it_o be_v 20_o digit_n high_a the_o kernel_n have_v neither_o lose_v their_o colour_n nor_o taste_n so_o that_o air_n may_v be_v procure_v from_o fruit_n of_o a_o hard_a consistence_n without_o putrefaction_n article_n x._o concern_v the_o production_n of_o air_n above_o its_o wont_a pressure_n experiment_n i._n jun._n 22._o raisin_n pease_n with_o a_o glass_n full_a of_o raisin_n new_a pease_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n with_o a_o glass_n full_a of_o raisin_n of_o the_o sun_n bruise_v and_o mix_v with_o water_n towards_o evening_n the_o raisin_n yield_v air_n enough_o to_o raise_v the_o mercury_n 12_o digit_n jun._n 23_o it_o be_v 49_o digit_n high_a jun._n 24_o it_o be_v 75_o digit_n high_a jun._n 25_o it_o be_v 90_o digit_n high_a jun._n 26_o it_o be_v 90_o digit_n high_a jun._n 28_o it_o be_v 100_o digit_n high_a the_o pease_n turn_v yellow_a and_o seem_v to_o sweat_n jun._n 30_o it_o be_v 110_o july_n 1_o it_o be_v 110_o july_n 4_o it_o be_v 124_o july_n 7_o it_o be_v 140_o july_n 16._o it_o remain_v at_o the_o same_o height_n but_o the_o liquor_n which_o come_v from_o the_o pease_n get_v out_o july_n 12._o new_a liquor_n be_v produce_v the_o mercury_n neither_o rose_n nor_o fall_v july_n 13._o the_o liquor_n get_v out_o and_o some_o air_n but_o the_o cover_v be_v better_o adapt_v new_a liquor_n be_v produce_v july_n 25._o the_o receiver_n be_v break_v in_o piece_n the_o pease_n keep_v their_o taste_n and_o part_v from_o their_o husk_n as_o if_o they_o have_v begin_v to_o boil_v experiment_n ii_o sept._n 15.76_o air._n unripe_a plum_n in_o compress_v air._n unripe_a plum_n be_v shut_v up_o with_o as_o much_o air_n as_o sustain_v a_o inch_n of_o mercury_n sept._n 16_o it_o rise_v to_o 6_o sept._n 17_o it_o rise_v to_o 8_o sept._n 18_o it_o rise_v to_o 10_o sept._n 19_o it_o rise_v to_o 12_o sept._n 20_o it_o rise_v to_o 14_o sept._n 22_o it_o rise_v to_o 18_o sept._n 23_o it_o rise_v to_o 18_o sept._n 24_o it_o rise_v to_o 19_o sept._n 26_o it_o rise_v to_o 23_o sept._n 28_o it_o rise_v to_o 26_o octob._n 1_o it_o be_v 30_o octob._n 4_o it_o be_v 31_o it_o be_v somewhat_o cold._a octob._n 5_o it_o rise_v to_o 32_o octob._n 7_o it_o rise_v to_o 33_o octob._n 9_o it_o rise_v to_o 33_o ½_n octob._n 11_o octob._n 14_o it_o rise_v to_o 27_o octob._n 15_o the_o cold_a abate_v octob._n 17_o it_o rise_v to_o 38_o octob._n 19_o it_o rise_v to_o 39_o ½_n octob._n 22_o it_o rise_v to_o 41_o octob._n 26_o it_o rise_v to_o 43_o octob._n 29_o it_o rise_v to_o 45_o nou._n 2_o it_o rise_v to_o 46_o nou._n 5_o it_o rise_v to_o 47_o nou._n 20_o it_o rise_v to_o 53_o the_o production_n of_o air_n be_v in_o this_o experiment_n sometime_o regular_a and_o sometime_o irregular_a experiment_n iii_o july_n 6._o 76._o air._n goosberry_n in_o compress_v air._n goosberry_n include_v in_o a_o receiver_n with_o as_o much_o air_n as_o raise_v mercury_n ½_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o half_a a_o hour_n it_o be_v raise_v half_a a_o inch_n more_o in_o 7_o hour_n it_o be_v raise_v to_o 5_o inch_n july_n 7_o it_o rise_v 5_o july_n 8_o it_o rise_v 3_o ½_n july_n 9_o it_o rise_v 3_o ¾_n july_n 10_o it_o rise_v 4_o ¾_n digit_n high_a july_n 11_o it_o rise_v 4_o digit_n high_a july_n 12_o it_o rise_v 4_o digit_n high_a july_n 13._o the_o cover_n be_v break_v and_o another_o substitute_v in_o its_o place_n july_n 14_o 15_o 16_o 17_o 18._o there_o be_v no_o change_n the_o fruit_n be_v take_v out_o part_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la the_o rest_n with_o common_a air._n in_o four_o hour_n the_o ascent_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v 4_o digit_n july_n 19_o the_o mercury_n ascend_v ½_n in_o 14_o hour_n but_o because_o i_o suspect_v that_o some_o air_n get_v out_o i_o set_v the_o screw_n and_o in_o 9_o hour_n the_o mercury_n rise_v 11_o inch_n the_o cover_v break_v and_o the_o air_n be_v lose_v hence_o it_o appear_v that_o unferment_v goosberry_n contain_v much_o air_n which_o they_o more_o ready_o afford_v when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v take_v off_o though_o when_o ferment_v they_o yield_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o in_o compress_v air._n experiment_n iu._n july_n 8._o 76._o air._n paste_n in_o compress_v air._n swell_a paste_n be_v include_v with_o as_o much_o air_n as_o raise_v mercury_n by_o the_o pressure_n of_o that_o lose_v a_o three_o part_n of_o its_o humidity_n soon_o after_o it_o swell_v again_o and_o in_o half_a a_o hour_n raise_v the_o mercury_n two_o digit_n the_o paste_n continue_v to_o swell_v and_o the_o mercury_n in_o a_o hour_n be_v raise_v 2_o ½_n in_o a_o hour_n more_o it_o be_v raise_v 3_o ½_n and_o in_o another_o 4_o ½_n it_o stay_v at_o 16_o digit_n july_n 9_o in_o 14_o hour_n it_o be_v raise_v 21_o inch_n high_a and_o stand_v at_o 37._o the_o screw_n be_v set_v to_o prevent_v air_n from_o get_v out_o the_o cover_v break_v and_o upon_o a_o ingress_n of_o air_n the_o paste_n subside_v 2_o digit_n though_o the_o compression_n be_v less_o than_o before_o in_o 5_o hour_n space_n the_o mercury_n ascend_v 13_o digit_n but_o the_o screw_n be_v set_v the_o cover_v break_v again_o so_o that_o the_o air_n get_v in_o and_o depress_v the_o paste_n again_o in_o 4_o hour_n the_o mercury_n ascend_v 10_o digit_n and_o the_o paste_n rise_v as_o before_o but_o be_v willing_a to_o make_v use_n of_o another_o screw_n i_o permit_v a_o little_a air_n to_o get_v out_o july_n 10._o the_o paste_n rise_v again_o this_o night_n but_o yield_v not_o air._n in_o 7_o hour_n time_n the_o mercury_n ascend_v 4_o inch_n july_n 13_o a_o little_a air_n be_v produce_v july_n 17._o the_o paste_n be_v take_v out_o be_v subacid_a in_o smell_n hence_o it_o appear_v that_o paste_n may_v yield_v air_n in_o compress_v air_n as_o well_o as_o in_o vacuo_fw-la the_o rise_n of_o the_o paste_n seem_v to_o depend_v on_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o paste_n which_o be_v depress_v and_o overpower_a by_o the_o external_n air_n when_o it_o be_v let_v in_o experiment_n v._n july_n 13._o 76._o receiver_n bean_n shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n bean_n such_o as_o horse_n eat_v be_v shut_v up_o with_o water_n in_o vacuo_fw-la those_o that_o be_v bruise_v seem_v to_o swell_v those_o which_o be_v whole_a seem_v unaltered_a the_o mercury_n july_n 14_o rose_n 7_o july_n 15_o rose_n 5_o july_n 16_o rose_n 3_o july_n 17_o rose_n 6_o july_n 18_o rose_n 9_o july_n 19_o rose_n 1_o july_n 20_o rose_n 3_o ½_n july_n 21_o it_o rise_v 5_o ½_n it_o rise_v 2_o july_n 22_o it_o rise_v 78_o july_n 23_o it_o rise_v 5_o i_o e._n 35_o july_n 24_o it_o rise_v above_o the_o wont_a pressure_n july_n 25_o the_o receiver_n be_v not_o able_a to_o bear_v a_o great_a pressure_n the_o bean_n be_v very_o fetid_v like_o putrified_a flesh_n bean_n yield_v air_n in_o a_o moderate_a pressure_n as_o well_o as_o in_o vacuo_fw-la sometime_o soon_o and_o sometime_o slow_a experiment_n vi._n july_n 23._o vacuo_fw-la goosberry_n in_o vacuo_fw-la goosberry_n shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la and_o in_o 2_o hour_n the_o mercury_n ascend_v 1_o inch._n july_n 24_o it_o ascend_v to_o 7_o ½_n july_n 25_o it_o ascend_v to_o 12_o july_n 26_o it_o ascend_v to_o 17_o july_n 27_o it_o ascend_v to_o 20_o july_n 28_o it_o ascend_v to_o 24_o ½_n july_n 29_o it_o ascend_v to_o 30_o july_n 30_o it_o ascend_v to_o 31_o almost_o some_o air_n be_v transmit_v out_o of_o this_o into_o another_o receiver_n it_o stand_v at_o 26._o july_n 31_o the_o height_n be_v 35._o august_n 1_o some_o air_n get_v out_o and_o whilst_o i_o endeavour_v to_o stop_v the_o receiver_n close_o the_o mercury_n that_o be_v raise_v to_o 39_o inch_n subside_v to_o 30_o inch_n aug._n 2_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v 39_o some_o air_n be_v transmit_v it_o stand_v at_o 31._o aug._n 3_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v 39_o aug._n 4_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v 41_o aug._n 5_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v 43._o air_n transmit_v it_o stand_v at_o 30_o aug._n 6_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v 43_o aug._n 7_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v 47_o aug._n 8_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v 48._o air_n be_v transmit_v it_o sink_v to_o 36._o aug._n 9_o the_o height_n of_o it_o be_v 41._o aug._n 10_o the_o height_n of_o it_o be_v 47._o air_n be_v transmitmit_v it_o stand_v at_o 35._o aug._n 11_o the_o height_n of_o it_o be_v 38_o ½_n aug._n 12_o the_o height_n of_o it_o be_v 42_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o and_o the_o mercury_n be_v
star_n yet_o the_o vanity_n of_o judiciary_n astrology_n have_v be_v so_o plain_o detect_v by_o several_a learned_a man_n i_o shall_v here_o only_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v much_o more_o unlikely_a that_o particular_a town_n shall_v alone_o be_v influence_v by_o such_o than_o by_o effluvium_n from_o body_n near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o those_o place_n stand_v and_o that_o which_o render_v it_o much_o more_o probable_a be_v that_o i_o have_v frequent_o know_v disease_n very_o fatal_a to_o happen_v sudden_o in_o some_o place_n where_o the_o first_o contagion_n have_v be_v accompany_v with_o a_o very_a troublesome_a fog_n that_o sudden_a and_o violent_a heat_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o subterraneal_a body_n not_o only_o appear_v from_o oil_n of_o vitrol_n pour_v upon_o iron_n spirit_n of_o nitre_n upon_o butter_n of_o antimony_n file_n of_o copper_n tin_n or_o crude_a antimony_n but_o from_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n pour_v upon_o powder_a marchasite_n which_o be_v accompany_v with_o very_o strong_a scent_v fume_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o even_o sulphur_n have_v to_o my_o knowledge_n have_v considerable_a effect_n on_o marchasite_n and_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v by_o a_o german_a chemist_n that_o in_o germany_n marchasite_n which_o be_v find_v there_o will_v grow_v hot_a if_o long_o immerse_v in_o pure_a water_n and_o if_o we_o consider_v upon_o how_o many_o accident_n the_o course_n of_o subterraneal_a water_n may_v be_v turn_v it_o will_v be_v easy_o evident_a upon_o that_o account_n considerable_a degree_n of_o heat_n may_v succeed_v for_o if_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o file_n of_o steel_n be_v mix_v with_o powder_n of_o sulphur_n and_o that_o mixture_n be_v moisten_v with_o water_n it_o present_o grow_v very_o hot_a and_o emit_v fume_n copious_o like_o slak'd-lime_n and_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o several_a who_o frequent_a mine_n that_o damp_n which_o be_v make_v up_o of_o subterraneal_a effluvium_n be_v not_o only_o very_o irregular_a in_o reference_n to_o their_o distance_n but_o also_o their_o duration_n and_o have_v very_o ill_a effect_n on_o those_o that_o come_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o they_o and_o if_o such_o pernicious_a fume_n be_v to_o be_v discover_v so_o near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n well_o may_v they_o affect_v those_o that_o inhabit_v on_o the_o soil_n near_o which_o such_o effluvia_fw-la rise_n i_o say_v near_o which_o because_o though_o they_o do_v not_o immediate_o rise_v in_o the_o very_a town_n they_o infect_v and_o be_v carry_v thither_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n yet_o in_o a_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n they_o may_v be_v so_o disperse_v as_o to_o have_v no_o considerable_a effect_n but_o it_o be_v not_o requisite_a always_o that_o those_o effluvia_fw-la which_o cause_n distemper_n shall_v be_v noxious_a at_o their_o first_o rise_n from_o the_o earth_n since_o mineral_n fume_n may_v acquire_v new_a quality_n by_o associate_a with_o particular_a particle_n in_o the_o air_n and_o may_v by_o that_o mean_n be_v dispose_v to_o act_v upon_o particular_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o to_o cause_v a_o determinate_a disease_n so_o though_o neither_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n nor_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a alone_o can_v dissolve_v gold_n yet_o aq._n regia_n which_o be_v a_o composition_n of_o both_o will_n but_o have_v no_o such_o effect_n on_o silver_n diamond_n be_v or_o ruby_n as_o for_o the_o reason_n why_o epidemic_a distemper_n affect_v some_o and_o let_v other_o go_v free_a it_o may_v not_o only_o be_v account_v for_o by_o the_o peculiar_a disposition_n of_o those_o body_n but_o also_o by_o consider_v that_o the_o effluvia_fw-la which_o rise_v from_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v so_o imperfect_o mix_v with_o the_o air_n as_o to_o fall_v upon_o one_o body_n and_o not_o another_o so_o i_o have_v observe_v several_a leave_n on_o a_o tree_n blast_v with_o a_o wind_n which_o blow_v at_o that_o corner_n of_o the_o ground_n yet_o other_o on_o the_o same_o piece_n of_o ground_n be_v untouched_a nay_o the_o very_a leave_n of_o that_o be_v not_o all_o blast_a on_o that_o side_n which_o the_o wind_n blow_v so_o that_o i_o suspect_v some_o arsenical_a vapour_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o air_n cast_v upon_o they_o be_v like_o hail_n shoot_v from_o a_o gun_n and_o scatter_v in_o its_o flight_n and_o on_o a_o cause_n not_o much_o unlike_o this_o may_v depend_v the_o effect_n of_o some_o wind_n which_o cause_n blast_n on_o the_o face_n of_o some_o people_n yet_o let_v other_o go_v free_a as_o i_o remember_v i_o be_v ride_v once_o in_o the_o wind_n which_o though_o it_o disaffect_v not_o i_o yet_o my_o man_n who_o rid_v after_o i_o escape_v it_o not_o in_o favour_n of_o our_o hypothesis_n already_o lay_v down_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o the_o short_a duration_n of_o some_o distemper_n as_o well_o as_o their_o progressive_a motion_n from_o one_o town_n to_o another_o be_v argument_n either_o that_o these_o vapour_n rise_v all_o at_o once_o and_o be_v disperse_v or_o the_o subterraneal_a commotion_n that_o cause_v they_o pass_v on_o from_o one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n subjacent_a to_o another_o nor_o be_v it_o less_o consonant_a to_o our_o hypothesis_n that_o the_o short_a duration_n of_o some_o distemper_n may_v depend_v on_o a_o successive_a rise_n of_o effluvia_fw-la since_o when_o those_o of_o one_o kind_n cease_v to_o be_v emit_v and_o another_o kind_n succeed_v the_o latter_a may_v check_v the_o former_a by_o precipitate_v they_o or_o unite_n into_o quid_fw-la tertium_fw-la less_o prejudicial_a to_o all_o animal_n body_n so_o by_o a_o ascociation_n of_o new_a particle_n with_o those_o pestilential_a effluvia_fw-la which_o cause_n a_o annual_a plague_n in_o grand_a cairo_n it_o sudden_o stop_v and_o those_o already_o infect_v die_v not_o if_o the_o air_n be_v sufficient_o impregnate_v before_o as_o a_o late_a writer_n of_o voyage_n into_o egypt_n testify_v in_o these_o word_n the_o drop_n or_o dew_n purify_v the_o air_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o fall_v the_o plague_n cease_v to_o be_v mortal_a none_o die_v of_o it_o the_o air_n be_v wholesome_a all_o distemper_n cease_v and_o if_o any_o person_n grow_v sick_a he_o never_o die_v etc._n etc._n i_o have_v be_v tell_v that_o about_o the_o tin_n mine_n in_o devonshire_n not_o only_o the_o grass_n and_o fern_n but_o the_o tree_n will_v be_v sudden_o blast_v by_o the_o powerful_a effluvia_fw-la which_o sudden_o rise_v over_o a_o considerable_a compass_n of_o ground_n have_v say_v thus_o much_o of_o epidemical_a distemper_n it_o perhaps_o may_v be_v expect_v that_o i_o shall_v say_v something_o of_o the_o plague_n and_o its_o origin_n which_o i_o must_v own_v myself_o at_o a_o loss_n in_o for_o though_o i_o think_v it_o rather_o seem_o pious_a than_o real_o so_o to_o ascribe_v such_o thing_n to_o a_o supernatural_a power_n which_o may_v be_v account_v for_o by_o natural_a one_o yet_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o some_o may_v arise_v from_o a_o supernatural_a origin_n but_o what_o ever_o may_v be_v the_o first_o origin_n of_o plague_n i_o be_o incline_v to_o think_v that_o the_o propagation_n of_o they_o depend_v on_o a_o malignant_a disposition_n in_o the_o air_n arise_v from_o some_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la for_o these_o reason_n first_o because_o the_o malevolent_a aspect_n of_o the_o planet_n seem_v too_o remote_a and_o indeterminate_a to_o act_v on_o a_o particular_a place_n beside_o according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a hypothesis_n the_o plague_n ought_v to_o rage_v most_o where_o it_o very_o seldom_o happen_v for_o leo_n africanus_n inform_v we_o that_o in_o numidia_n though_o rage_v hot_a it_o happen_v but_o once_o in_o a_o hundred_o year_n and_o purchas_n in_o his_o pilgrimage_n lib._n 6._o cap._n 13._o tell_v we_o it_o be_v not_o know_v at_o all_o in_o the_o land_n of_o negro_n and_o seldom_o in_o japan_n or_o new-england_n and_o in_o the_o east-indies_n china_n tunquin_n and_o cochinchinâ—_n it_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o whereas_o the_o country_n of_o china_n contain_v more_o inhabitant_n than_o all_o the_o nation_n of_o europe_n and_o be_v the_o plague_n a_o punishment_n inflict_v for_o the_o sin_n of_o man_n certain_o in_o country_n so_o large_a and_o savage_a they_o may_v expect_v it_o from_o divine_a justice_n as_o often_o as_o we_o but_o perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o these_o history_n as_o much_o press_n our_o hypothesis_n as_o those_o other_o allege_v by_o physician_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o i_o confess_v it_o difficult_a to_o determine_v the_o original_a cause_n the_o other_o part_n of_o my_o hypothesis_n be_v not_o at_o all_o shake_v since_o it_o can_v not_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o noxious_a effluvia_fw-la will_v be_v able_a to_o propagate_v the_o plague_n there_o be_v there_o a_o original_a cause_n to_o set_v those_o secondary_a cause_n on_o work_n
fortissimo_fw-la vitreo_fw-la ponantur_fw-la ad_fw-la ignem_fw-la arenae_fw-la donec_fw-la vitrum_fw-la optime_fw-la incalescat_fw-la &_o praedicta_fw-la solvantur_fw-la &_o liquentur_fw-la instar_fw-la picis_fw-la quod_fw-la observabitur_fw-la quando_fw-la filum_fw-la quoddam_fw-la immittitur_fw-la in_o fundum_fw-la quod_fw-la extractum_fw-la postea_fw-la instar_fw-la terebinthinae_fw-la trahetur_fw-la ubi_fw-la satis_fw-la coctum_fw-la erit_fw-la postea_fw-la remove_n vitrum_fw-la ab_fw-la igne_fw-la &_o subtiliter_fw-la pulverisa_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la usum_fw-la serva_fw-la another_o eminent_a physician_n preserve_v himself_o from_o the_o plague_n by_o take_v every_o morning_n a_o little_a sea_n salt_n dissolve_v in_o sea_n water_n and_o in_o another_o plague_n i_o know_v two_o recover_v with_o a_o conserve_v make_v of_o goat_n rue_n cease_v why_o the_o plague_n sometime_o unexpected_o cease_v but_o further_a beside_o what_o have_v be_v discourse_v on_o it_o be_v not_o less_o disagreeable_a with_o our_o hypothesis_n that_o sometime_o the_o plague_n unexpected_o cease_v since_o those_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la which_o continue_v the_o infection_n cease_v to_o be_v emit_v from_o the_o earth_n those_o in_o the_o air_n be_v soon_o spend_v and_o sweep_v away_o with_o the_o wind_n which_z effluvia_fw-la may_v cease_v to_o be_v emit_v either_o because_o they_o meet_v with_o some_o other_o effluvia_fw-la in_o the_o earth_n which_o correct_v they_o or_o because_o they_o primary_o rise_v from_o a_o conflict_n and_o agitation_n depend_v on_o the_o mutual_a action_n of_o two_o body_n which_o as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n pour_v on_o file_n of_o iron_n or_o aquafortis_n on_o salt_n of_o tartar_n emit_v fume_n less_o plentiful_o as_o the_o ebullition_n decline_v and_o that_o noxious_a exhalation_n may_v be_v correct_v by_o a_o combination_n of_o other_o as_o pernicious_a not_o only_o appear_v from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o deliver_v but_o may_v be_v illustrate_v by_o note_v that_o though_o spirit_n of_o salt-peter_n will_v corrode_v silver_n yet_o if_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v add_v to_o it_o it_o soon_o lose_v that_o quality_n proposition_n iu._n it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o most_o of_o the_o disease_n that_o even_o physician_n call_v new_a one_o be_v cause_v either_o chief_o or_o concurrent_o by_o subterraneal_a steam_n steam_n new_a disease_n cause_v by_o subterraneal_a steam_n by_o new_a distemper_n i_o will_v be_v understand_v to_o mean_v not_o every_o one_o that_o vary_v a_o little_a in_o symptom_n from_o the_o same_o sort_n at_o another_o time_n but_o such_o as_o at_o their_o appearance_n be_v by_o their_o symptom_n altogether_o unknown_a that_o these_o distemper_n depend_v not_o on_o any_o intemperate_a and_o manifest_a quality_n of_o the_o air_n nor_o on_o the_o influence_n of_o those_o heavenly_a body_n that_o move_v about_o we_o seem_v evident_a because_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o latter_a be_v too_o indeterminate_a and_o the_o alteration_n in_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n much_o more_o frequent_a than_o the_o access_n of_o new_a distemper_n but_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v under_o the_o three_o proposition_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o globe_n we_o inhabit_v abound_v with_o various_a noxious_a mineral_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o various_a conflux_n conflict_n and_o dissipation_n and_o which_o by_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la may_v infect_v the_o air_n and_o cause_v new_a disease_n which_o may_v continue_v according_o as_o the_o cause_n be_v more_o or_o less_o durable_a so_o manna_n for_o these_o two_o or_o three_o age_n have_v be_v find_v on_o certain_a tree_n which_o faculty_n of_o produce_v manna_n they_o still_o retain_v yet_o have_v it_o not_o before_o vapour_n experiment_n to_o show_v that_o metal_n may_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n and_o to_o render_v what_o we_o have_v teach_v concern_v mineral_n effluvia_fw-la more_o probable_a i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a experiment_n from_o whence_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o malleable_a metal_n may_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n into_o the_o air_n and_o become_v part_n of_o fume_n or_o perhaps_o of_o invisible_a vapour_n or_o even_o of_o flame_n itself_o experiment_n i._n distil_v dantisic_n vitriol_n and_o sea_n salt_n distil_v have_v powder_v three_o pound_n of_o dantsic_n vitriol_n and_o two_o of_o sea-salt_n and_o distil_v they_o with_o a_o strong_a naked_a fire_n we_o obtain_v a_o blue_a spirit_n of_o salt_n beside_o which_o there_o rise_v a_o powder_n of_o a_o cupreous_a and_o martial_a nature_n which_o settle_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o liquor_n experiment_n ii_o salt_n english_a vitriol_n and_o sea_n salt_n the_o former_a experiment_n be_v repeat_v with_o english_a instead_o of_o dantsic_n vitriol_n we_o obtain_v a_o yellow_a spirit_n with_o a_o yellow_a powder_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o crocus_n martis_n experiment_n iii_o copper_n mercury_n sublimate_n and_o copper_n we_o cast_v thin_a plate_n of_o copper_n into_o a_o retort_n upon_o a_o double_a weight_n of_o good_a mercury_n sublimate_n and_o have_v lute_v on_o the_o receiver_n by_o a_o long_a continue_a fire_n we_o obtain_v some_o run_a mercury_n and_o some_o sublimate_n which_o have_v not_o fasten_v upon_o the_o copper_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o retort_n we_o find_v a_o weighty_a brittle_a and_o resinous_a substance_n fusible_a and_o inflammable_a almost_o like_o seal_v wax_n this_o be_v beat_v and_o expose_v for_o some_o time_n to_o the_o air_n turn_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o verdigreese_v which_o give_v a_o green_a tincture_n to_o spirit_n of_o salt_n this_o be_v distil_v ad_fw-la siccitatem_fw-la several_a time_n till_o full_o impregnate_v with_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v mix_v with_o triple_o and_o with_o a_o strong_a fire_n afford_v a_o colourless_a liquor_n like_o water_n which_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o spirit_n of_o hartshorn_n turn_v blue_a experiment_n iu._n tin_n venetian_a sublimate_n and_o cornish_a tin_n venetian_a sublimate_n distil_v from_o cornish_a tin_n into_o a_o good_a large_a receiver_n yield_v a_o spirituous_a liquor_n which_o emit_v white_a exhalation_n upon_o a_o access_n of_o free_a air_n but_o if_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v but_o cover_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n vipour_n air_n promote_v the_o rise_n of_o metalline_a vipour_n it_o present_o cease_v to_o emit_v those_o exhalation_n yet_o begin_v again_o when_o that_o paper_n which_o lie_v but_o light_o upon_o it_o before_o be_v take_v off_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o air_n may_v promote_v the_o rise_n of_o metalline_a vapour_n in_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o that_o metalline_a fume_n will_v ascend_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n will_v appear_v from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n viz._n have_v satiate_v aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la with_o copper_n and_o steep_v some_o brown_a paper_n in_o it_o to_o soak_v up_o some_o of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la when_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n be_v partly_o evaporate_v we_o lay_v some_o of_o it_o upon_o the_o hearth_n near_o a_o wood_n fire_n upon_o which_o the_o paper_n be_v scorch_v emit_v fume_n like_o smoak_n which_o rise_v up_o in_o the_o air_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v to_o the_o flame_n they_o impart_v to_o it_o a_o colour_n partly_o blow_v and_o partly_o green_a as_o it_o be_v various_o mix_v with_o the_o flame_n and_o smoke_n of_o the_o wood._n chap._n xx._n suspicion_n about_o some_o hide_a quality_n of_o the_o air._n air._n latent_fw-la quality_n in_o the_o air._n beside_o the_o four_o first_o quality_n of_o the_o air_n viz._n heat_v cold_a moisture_n and_o dryness_n and_o those_o which_o philosopher_n and_o chemist_n have_v discover_v as_o gravity_n springiness_n etc._n etc._n i_o be_o apt_a to_o suspect_v that_o there_o be_v other_o latent_fw-la quality_n in_o it_o due_a to_o the_o substantial_a ingredient_n which_o it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o for_o the_o air_n we_o live_v in_o be_v not_o a_o simple_a body_n but_o a_o confuse_a aggregate_v of_o effluvium_n which_o be_v jumble_v together_o constitute_v a_o great_a mass_n of_o heterogeneous_a matter_n endue_v with_o different_a quality_n for_o from_o what_o be_v elsewhere_o deliver_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v various_a effluvia_fw-la beside_o those_o that_o afford_v ordinary_a meteor_n which_o arise_v from_o body_n in_o subterraneal_a part_n several_a of_o which_o have_v no_o name_n or_o at_o lest_o none_o assign_v they_o and_o have_v several_a power_n and_o quality_n which_o we_o know_v not_o of_o beside_o the_o sun_n and_o planet_n may_v have_v influence_n here_o below_o distinct_a from_o their_o heat_n and_o light_n which_o may_v mix_v with_o the_o atmosphere_n we_o live_v in_o and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o those_o celestial_a globe_n that_o move_v about_o we_o may_v be_v endue_v with_o substance_n that_o we_o here_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o effluvium_n which_o come_v from_o they_o may_v affect_v we_o in_o a_o different_a manner_n from_o any_o body_n we_o here_o have_v in_o our_o atmosphere_n and_o though_o the_o
be_v open_v the_o external_a air_n rush_v in_o with_o a_o considerable_a noise_n whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o all_o the_o air_n the_o limon_n have_v yield_v in_o that_o time_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o fill_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o receiver_n neither_o the_o limon_n nor_o the_o juice_n be_v mouldy_a or_o ill_o taste_v so_o that_o it_o make_v i_o think_v that_o mouldiness_n can_v be_v well_o produce_v without_o a_o concurrence_n of_o the_o air._n the_o liquor_n be_v acid_a but_o clear_a and_o without_o faeces_fw-la be_v of_o a_o colour_n betwixt_o brown_a and_o red_a it_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n into_o a_o purple_a colour_n and_o corrode_v fragment_n of_o red_a coral_n in_o the_o cold._n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o lozenge_n which_o a_o scholar_n frequent_o carry_v in_o his_o pocket_n be_v dissolve_v when_o he_o come_v near_o the_o line_n but_o recover_v their_o old_a consistence_n when_o much_o past_o it_o title_n xxiii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o consistent_a mineral_n substance_n substance_n the_o effect_n of_o the_o air_n on_o mineral_n substance_n in_o draw_v copper_n out_o of_o deep_a mine_n in_o sweedland_n i_o be_o inform_v they_o use_v rope_n make_v of_o leather_n link_n of_o iron_n be_v subject_a to_o break_v with_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o ore_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o glass_n keep_v half_a a_o year_n though_o well_o neal_v have_v break_v in_o piece_n and_o freeze_v of_o themselves_o the_o crack_v partly_o depend_v on_o some_o particle_n of_o salt_n which_o have_v not_o undergo_v a_o sufficient_a comminution_n i_o be_o tell_v there_o be_v a_o house_n in_o suffolk_n near_o the_o sea_n in_o which_o though_o it_o be_v but_o 8_o year_n old_a the_o iron_n bar_n be_v swell_v and_o so_o rot_v that_o they_o will_v crimble_a away_o the_o wind_n which_o blow_v upon_o those_o window_n in_o which_o they_o be_v be_v southward_o and_o i_o be_o likewise_o tell_v that_o iron_n bar_v drench_v in_o sea_n water_n and_o after_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n be_v so_o far_o impair_v that_o when_o hammer_v great_a flake_n will_v fly_v off_o they_o purbeck_n and_o blechington-stone_n will_v moulder_v away_o in_o the_o air_n but_o those_o dug_n up_o at_o painswick_n near_o gloucester_n will_n by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n change_v their_o primary_n softness_n for_o a_o crust-hard_a and_o glassy_a marble_n which_o penetrate_v but_o a_o little_a way_n into_o its_o substance_n but_o be_v generate_v soon_o the_o often_o it_o be_v wash_v title_n xxiv_o of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o fire_n and_o flame_n candle_n which_v burn_v in_o grooves_n furnish_v with_o air_n shaft_n will_v sometime_o continue_v burn_v 8_o fathom_n deep_a or_o more_o when_o they_o come_v into_o close_a ground_n though_o candle_n will_v burn_v for_o a_o while_n yet_o when_o the_o dust_n rise_v they_o go_v out_o experiment_n touch_v the_o relation_n betwixt_o flame_n and_o air._n the_o burn_a of_o candle_n etc._n etc._n under_o a_o glass_n bell_n as_o also_o spirit_n of_o wine_n matches_n touchwood_n sponck_n etc._n etc._n the_o keep_n of_o animal_n under_o a_o glass_n bell_n whilst_o the_o flame_n be_v burn_v the_o burn_a of_o body_n to_o ash_n in_o seal_a glass_n as_o also_o in_o exact_o close_v receiver_n cotton_n burn_v in_o a_o seal_a glass_n the_o burn_a of_o a_o mixture_n of_o flame_n under_o water_n in_o a_o e._n r._n as_o also_o of_o a_o saline_a substance_n and_o likewise_o of_o salt_n petre._n a_o pistol_n not_o fire_v in_o a_o e._n r._n a_o experiment_n of_o burn_a gunpowder_n the_o burn_a of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n in_o glass_n vessel_n with_o slender_a neck_n title_n xxv_o of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o fermentation_n fermentation_n of_o the_o air_n in_o reference_n to_o fermentation_n raisin_n be_v enclose_v in_o a_o exhaust_a bolt-head_n half_o full_a of_o water_n and_o set_v on_o a_o digestive_a furnace_n present_o begin_v to_o ferment_n and_o swim_v upon_o the_o liquor_n afford_v bubble_n which_o be_v gradual_o few_o and_o at_o last_o a_o sediment_n appear_v in_o the_o bottom_n the_o top_n of_o the_o bottle_n be_v accidental_o break_v the_o external_n air_n rush_v in_o with_o some_o noise_n and_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v cover_v with_o froth_n like_o bottle_n drink_v and_o i_o think_v i_o perceive_v a_o visible_a fume_v come_v out_o of_o the_o glass_n which_o have_v a_o languid_a smell_n the_o liquor_n have_v a_o high_a tincture_n of_o the_o raisin_n and_o be_v of_o a_o better_a consistence_n than_o that_o of_o water_n title_n xxvi_o of_o the_o air_n as_o the_o receptacle_n of_o odour_n title_n xxvii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o odour_n of_o animal_n substance_n odour_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o air_n on_o odour_n sour_a grape_n have_v lie_v 3_o year_n in_o vacuo_fw-la be_v not_o mouldy_a but_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o uppermost_a be_v discolour_a with_o a_o tartarous_a efflorescence_n the_o grain_n have_v a_o musty_a smell_n but_o the_o liquor_n taste_v acid_n and_o will_v corrode_v coral_n in_o the_o cold._a the_o gage_n scarce_o discover_v any_o air_n produce_v in_o madrid_n i_o be_o tell_v though_o they_o throw_v their_o excrement_n into_o the_o street_n in_o the_o night_n yet_o the_o stink_n be_v not_o very_o much_o the_o next_o day_n nor_o will_v dead_a animal_n stink_v long_o there_o title_n xxviii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o odour_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n large_a piece_n of_o orange_n have_v be_v three_o year_n include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la their_o rind_n be_v on_o their_o surface_n almost_o black_a they_o yield_v very_o little_a liquor_n be_v neither_o mouldy_a nor_o putrid_a title_n xxix_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o air_n on_o the_o odour_n of_o mineral_n substance_n title_n xxx_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o air_n on_o the_o taste_n of_o animal_n substance_n mr._n nickson_n tell_v i_o that_o meat_n may_v be_v preserve_v in_o frosty_a wether_n all_o winter_n without_o salt_n but_o if_o dress_v when_o freeze_v will_v not_o relish_v well_o title_n xxxi_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o air_n on_o the_o taste_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n title_n xxxii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o taste_n of_o mineral_n substance_n title_n xxxiii_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o colour_n of_o animal_n substance_n colour_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o air_n on_o colour_n the_o air_n influence_n colour_n so_o much_o on_o black_a taffeta_n that_o in_o brasil_n after_o it_o have_v be_v wear_v a_o few_o day_n it_o become_v of_o a_o ironish_a colour_n but_o if_o it_o be_v keep_v from_o the_o air_n the_o colour_n fade_v not_o in_o a_o particular_a region_n in_o brazil_n 50_o league_n beyond_o parigna_n white_a people_n turn_v tawny_a but_o a_o little_a beyond_o that_o they_o recover_v their_o colour_n again_o upon_o charlton_n island_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o bird_n call_v partridge_n which_o be_v white_a in_o the_o winter_n and_o gray_a in_o the_o summer_n title_n xxxiv_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o the_o colour_n of_o vegetable_a substance_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o most_o tree_n in_o jamaica_n acquire_v a_o greenness_n when_o new_o cut_v down_o on_o that_o part_n which_o be_v most_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n and_o that_o lignum_fw-la vitæ_fw-la when_o green_a be_v as_o soft_a as_o oak_n several_a tree_n which_o be_v soft_a when_o cut_v down_o afterward_o grow_v hard_a especial_o the_o cabbage-tree_n which_o present_o harden_v and_o the_o pith_n rot_v out_o it_o serve_v for_o a_o pipe_n about_o 100_o foot_n long_o which_o will_v not_o corrupt_v under_o ground_n but_o grow_v as_o hard_a as_o iron_n the_o juice_n of_o aloe_n plant_n which_o in_o the_o island_n of_o st._n jago_n be_v clammy_a bitter_a and_o of_o a_o dark_a colour_n under_o the_o line_n lose_v its_o bitterness_n and_o acquire_v a_o green_a colour_n stain_n be_v most_o easy_o get_v out_o of_o linen_n at_o those_o time_n of_o the_o year_n when_o the_o fruit_n with_o which_o they_o be_v stain_v flourish_n title_n xxxv_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o air_n on_o mineral_n substance_n one_o part_n of_o lapis_n calaminaris_n be_v mix_v with_o four_o of_o salt-petre_n be_v keep_v some_o hour_n in_o a_o vehement_a heat_n in_o a_o crucible_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o matter_n be_v alkalize_v water_n be_v pour_v upon_o it_o which_o make_v a_o muddy_a red_a tincture_n which_o be_v set_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n in_o a_o window_n it_o become_v green_a and_o more_o diaphanous_a than_o before_o but_o in_o a_o few_o day_n it_o become_v a_o transparent_a liquor_n a_o powder_n subside_v which_o be_v red_a like_o brick-dust_n spirit_n of_o vinegar_n receive_v no_o tincture_n
of_o tartar_n be_v digest_v with_o several_a time_n its_o quantity_n of_o onion_n acquire_v a_o garlic_n smell_v expeeiment_n x._o with_o a_o inodorous_a body_n and_o another_o not_o well_o scent_v to_o produce_v a_o musky_a smell_n scent_v a_o perfume_n make_v of_o a_o inodorous_a and_o another_o body_n not_o well_o scent_v this_o we_o have_v do_v by_o cast_v small_a pearl_n into_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n for_o whilst_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v dissolve_v they_o we_o can_v evident_o perceive_v a_o strong_a musky_a smell_n experiment_n xi_o with_o fix_a metal_n and_o body_n either_o inodorous_a or_o stink_a to_o produce_v strong_a and_o pleasant_a smell_v like_o those_o of_o some_o vegetable_n and_o mineral_n etc._n to_o imitate_v vegetable_a smell_v etc._n etc._n though_o gold_n be_v inodorous_a and_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la of_o a_o offensive_a strong_a smell_n yet_o the_o solution_n be_v precipitate_v with_o oil_n of_o tartar_n and_o the_o precipitate_v fulminate_v per_fw-la se_fw-la in_o a_o silver_n vessel_n we_o observe_v that_o when_o the_o fulmination_n be_v new_o make_v the_o steam_n be_v of_o a_o very_a pleasant_a smell_n like_o musk_n so_o that_o art_n by_o lucky_a contexture_n may_v imitate_v natural_a and_o specific_a odour_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o nature_n may_v endew_v several_a differ_v body_n with_o similar_v smell_v for_o in_o the_o west-indies_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o seed_n which_o for_o its_o smell_n be_v term_v musk-seed_n and_o in_o muscovy_n the_o skin_n of_o musk-rat_n have_v such_o a_o kink_v of_o smell_n and_o duck_n at_o a_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n if_o violent_o chase_v emit_v a_o musk_n scent_n and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a wood_n in_o the_o east-indies_n which_o smell_v like_o stercus_fw-la humanum_fw-la and_o i_o remember_v that_o have_v distil_v saccharum_n saturni_n with_o a_o strong_a fire_n beside_o the_o empyreumatical_a liquor_n the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_fw-la which_o be_v of_o a_o grayish_a colour_n emit_v a_o pleasant_a scent_n and_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o nature_n sometime_o take_v the_o same_o way_n to_o produce_v different_a effect_n since_o though_o the_o dung_n of_o most_o animal_n be_v fetid_a yet_o that_o of_o a_o musk_n animal_n be_v well_o scent_v so_o that_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o introduce_v into_o a_o body_n noble_a quality_n that_o it_o have_v a_o due_a contexture_n and_o constitution_n of_o part_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o the_o excrement_n of_o other_o animal_n be_v sometime_o so_o much_o vary_v by_o the_o temper_n and_o disposition_n of_o our_o constitution_n that_o dung_n have_v at_o a_o certain_a distance_n smell_v well_o and_o like_o musk_n to_o some_o people_n and_o not_o to_o mention_v what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o alexander_n the_o great_a i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o sweat_n be_v very_o fragrant_a and_o civet_n which_o be_v so_o well_o scent_v in_o a_o lax_n air_n be_v as_o offensive_a to_o those_o that_o come_v too_o near_o great_a quantity_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o a_o monkey_n upon_o eat_v spider_n will_v cause_v a_o scent_n like_o musk._n experiment_n xii_o to_o heighten_v good_a smell_v by_o composition_n composition_n to_o enrich_v smell_v by_o composition_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o a_o due_a proportion_n of_o civet_n or_o musk_n mix_v with_o amber-grease_n promote_v the_o scent_n of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o quantity_n but_o the_o justness_n of_o proportion_n that_o inrich_v the_o scent_n the_o best_a proportion_n be_v 8_o part_n of_o amber-grease_n two_o of_o musk_n and_o one_o of_o civet_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o body_n inodorous_a mix_v with_o the_o ingredient_n of_o perfume_n promote_v their_o scent_n for_o which_o end_n wine_n vinegar_n have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o some_o and_o i_o myself_o prepare_v a_o essence_n of_o musk_n by_o digest_v some_o of_o it_o in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n for_o some_o day_n and_o then_o decant_v the_o tincture_n and_o a_o weak_a sort_n may_v be_v make_v by_o pour_v milk_n upon_o the_o rema_v part_n of_o the_o musk_n and_o decant_v it_o after_o a_o cold_a digestion_n and_o one_o thing_n in_o this_o tincture_n observable_a be_v that_o though_o it_o of_o itself_o have_v but_o a_o weak_a scent_n yet_o if_o a_o few_o drop_n of_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o good_a sack_n it_o perfume_v the_o whole_a very_o rich_o both_o in_o smell_n and_o taste_n chap._n iii_o many_o change_n of_o colour_n produce_v by_o one_o simple_a ingredient_n ingredient_n several_a change_n of_o colour_n produce_v by_o one_o simple_a ingredient_n to_o make_v it_o appear_v how_o much_o the_o colour_n of_o body_n depend_v on_o the_o variation_n of_o texture_n and_o their_o modification_n i_o try_v the_o follow_a experiment_n in_o which_o several_a phaenomena_n be_v exhibit_v by_o the_o mixture_n of_o a_o colourless_a ingredient_n such_o as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n i._o if_o a_o little_a spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v mix_v with_o syrup_n of_o violet_n upon_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n it_o be_v present_o turn_v from_o a_o blue_n to_o a_o red_a colour_n incline_v to_o a_o purple_a ii_o but_o if_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v drop_v in_o a_o just_a proportion_n into_o a_o solution_n of_o file_n of_o copper_n make_v with_o spirit_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a the_o blue_n will_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o green_a colour_n iii_o have_v mix_v syrup_n of_o violet_n with_o spirit_n of_o urine_n hartshorn_n or_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la and_o by_o that_o mean_v turn_v it_o green_a i_o mix_v spirit_n of_o salt_n with_o it_o which_o turn_v it_o red_a iv_o if_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v drop_v into_o water_n in_o which_o red_a rose_n leave_v well_o dry_v be_v put_v it_o will_v make_v the_o tincture_n to_o be_v of_o a_o lovely_a red._n v._o but_o if_o tincture_n of_o brasil_n be_v heighten_v by_o a_o addition_n of_o spirit_n of_o hartshorn_n or_o urine_n spirit_n of_o salt_n will_v make_v it_o as_o pale_a as_o sack_n so_o that_o that_o which_o heighten_v the_o red_a tincture_n in_o the_o former_a experiment_n destroy_v it_o in_o this_o vi_o though_o a_o infusion_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la in_o water_n betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o light_n appear_v yellow_a yet_o when_o hold_v so_o that_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v place_v betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o window_n it_o appear_v to_o be_v blue_a yet_o upon_o the_o drop_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n into_o it_o it_o lose_v that_o property_n vii_o have_v drop_v spirit_n of_o salt_n upon_o paper_n stain_v with_o ink_n the_o black_a be_v present_o change_v into_o a_o yellow_a and_o blue_a colour_n viii_o if_o file_n of_o steel_n be_v dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o salt_n the_o filtrated_a liquor_n will_v upon_o evaporation_n shoot_v into_o green_a cristal_n which_o if_o when_o they_o be_v dry_a they_o be_v keep_v in_o a_o crucible_n a_o moderate_a heat_n will_v turn_v they_o red_a ix_o we_o find_v that_o the_o red_a precipitate_v of_o mercury_n per_fw-la se_fw-it will_v dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o salt_n though_o crude_a mercury_n will_v not_o we_o likewise_o find_v that_o the_o redness_n of_o minium_n be_v whole_o destroy_v by_o boil_v it_o in_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o that_o the_o tincture_n of_o coral_n extract_v with_o this_o menstruum_fw-la be_v whole_o void_a of_o colour_n x._o if_o file_n of_o copper_n be_v long_o digest_v in_o a_o sand-furnace_n in_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n viz._n as_o much_o as_o will_v cover_v it_o the_o breadth_n of_o two_o finger_n the_o metal_n be_v in_o part_n dissolve_v will_v be_v of_o a_o colour_n not_o unlike_o a_o muddy_a red_a if_o hold_v betwixt_o your_o eye_n and_o the_o the_o light_n xi_o but_o if_o it_o stand_v some_o hour_n in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n it_o will_v be_v of_o a_o green_a colour_n fine_a than_o that_o which_o be_v make_v by_o a_o solution_n of_o mars_n xii_o if_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v drop_v into_o a_o solution_n of_o silver_n or_o quicksilver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la the_o mixture_n will_v be_v of_o a_o milky_a whiteness_n and_o present_o deposit_v a_o white_a precipitate_v xiii_o and_o the_o same_o phaenomena_n will_v likewise_o happen_v if_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v drop_v upon_o a_o tincture_n of_o benjamin_n or_o a_o solution_n of_o resinous_n jalap_n fourteen_o have_v mix_v a_o sweet_a solution_n of_o red_a lead_n in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n with_o a_o tincture_n of_o red_a rose_n i_o drop_v spirit_n of_o salt_n into_o the_o mixture_n which_o precipitate_v the_o red_a and_o turn_v the_o green_a mixture_n into_o a_o durable_a scarlet_n which_o if_o disturb_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o the_o white_a precipitate_a will_v be_v of_o a_o carnation_n colour_n xv._o spirit_n of_o salt_n which_o be_v muddy_a by_o stand_v upon_o file_n of_o copper_n
so_o great_a that_o in_o muscovy_n and_o russia_n they_o find_v the_o snow_n to_o reflect_v the_o light_n so_o much_o that_o they_o can_v see_v much_o far_o upon_o snowy_a ground_n than_o we_o here_o in_o england_n where_o no_o snow_n lie_v on_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o they_o can_v see_v their_o way_n by_o the_o bare_a reflection_n of_o the_o snow_n when_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o shine_v though_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o the_o effect_n may_v in_o some_o measure_n proceed_v from_o the_o clearness_n of_o the_o air_n cleanse_v of_o those_o steam_n which_o sometime_o darken_v it_o since_o it_o appear_v that_o we_o be_v able_a in_o a_o frosty_a night_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o clearness_n of_o the_o air_n to_o discern_v more_o star_n than_o at_o other_o time_n and_o that_o white_a body_n reflect_v the_o ray_n of_o light_n most_o plentiful_o and_o have_v no_o native_a light_n of_o their_o own_o appear_v since_o snow_n enclose_v in_o a_o dark_a room_n be_v not_o at_o all_o visible_a but_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o be_v observe_v that_o white_a clothes_n be_v the_o most_o easy_o discern_v in_o dark_a night_n and_o for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n that_o white_a body_n reflect_v the_o ray_n of_o light_n not_o only_o most_o plentiful_o but_o from_o themselves_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o if_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n which_o enter_v into_o a_o dark_a room_n at_o a_o small_a hole_n light_n upon_o a_o white_a wall_n they_o enlighten_v the_o room_n much_o further_a than_o if_o they_o fall_v upon_o any_o other_o colour_n and_o that_o white_a body_n cast_v most_o ray_n of_o light_n from_o themselves_o appear_v since_o white_a paper_n be_v not_o near_o so_o apt_a to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o a_o burning-glass_n as_o black_a the_o concentred_a beam_n be_v reflect_v back_o much_o more_o by_o the_o one_o than_o the_o other_o to_o which_o i_o shall_v further_o add_v that_o i_o have_v perceive_v a_o much_o great_a degree_n of_o heat_n when_o i_o have_v hold_v my_o hand_n in_o the_o sun_n beam_n with_o a_o black_a glove_n on_o than_o when_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o white_a one_o and_o to_o show_v that_o white_a body_n not_o only_o reflect_v the_o ray_n of_o light_n plentiful_o but_o unstained_a i_o shall_v add_v that_o in_o a_o dark_a room_n when_o the_o ray_n reflect_v from_o a_o colour_a body_n be_v throw_v upon_o a_o white_a wall_n they_o will_v represent_v the_o colour_n of_o that_o body_n whereas_o if_o the_o beam_n reflect_v from_o a_o yellow_a body_n upon_o a_o blue_a it_o will_v make_v a_o green_a and_o to_o these_o i_o shall_v further_o add_v on_o this_o occasion_n that_o have_v cast_v the_o ray_n of_o a_o trouble_a water_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o lenticular_a glass_n into_o a_o upper_a room_n darken_v the_o concentered_a reflection_n of_o the_o glitter_a wave_n at_o a_o few_o pace_n distance_n represent_v a_o white_a body_n but_o if_o we_o approach_v near_o the_o place_n on_o which_o those_o ray_n be_v cast_v they_o only_o seem_v to_o be_v beam_n reflect_v from_o glitter_a wave_n which_o appear_v like_o so_o many_o shine_a scale_n of_o fish_n succeed_v each_o other_o successive_o and_o disappear_v again_o but_o if_o the_o seem_a whiteness_n of_o a_o river_n proceed_v not_o from_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n but_o the_o brightness_n of_o the_o sky_n a_o storm_n may_v cause_v the_o surface_n of_o it_o to_o appear_v black_a the_o ray_n of_o light_n be_v reflect_v more_o inward_a than_o outward_a except_o near_o the_o sea_n shore_n where_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o agitate_a water_n be_v cover_v with_o froth_n specular_a the_o surface_n of_o white_a body_n specular_a but_o to_o show_v that_o the_o surface_v of_o white_a body_n be_v specular_a i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o drop_n of_o mercury_n be_v raise_v by_o a_o convenient_a heat_n in_o a_o alembick_a represent_v so_o many_o look_a glass_n but_o cause_v the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n they_o stick_v to_o to_o appear_v white_a and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o if_o we_o look_v upon_o the_o milky_a way_n or_o gallaxy_n with_o a_o telescope_n though_o to_o our_o eye_n it_o appear_v white_a by_o the_o help_n of_o that_o we_o shall_v discover_v that_o that_o whitness_v only_o depend_v upon_o a_o collection_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n who_o confuse_a beam_n represent_v to_o the_o eye_n a_o white_a body_n and_o why_o for_o a_o like_a reason_n the_o superficies_n of_o a_o body_n which_o to_o the_o eye_n reflect_v the_o beam_n confuse_o may_v not_o appear_v white_a as_o well_o as_o the_o planet_n which_o shine_v by_o a_o borrow_a light_n i_o see_v no_o contradictory_n reason_n but_o to_o return_v to_o experiment_n we_o see_v that_o the_o white_n of_o egg_n which_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n natural_a speculum_n by_o be_v beat_v into_o a_o froth_n appear_v white_a and_o if_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n be_v mix_v with_o water_n and_o shake_v in_o a_o vial_n as_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o oil_n be_v more_o or_o less_o numerous_a and_o minutely_o divide_v it_o appear_v more_o or_o less_o white_a which_o experiment_n will_v likewise_o succeed_v if_o try_v with_o a_o yellow_a mixture_n of_o crude_a turpentine_n instead_o of_o the_o oil_n and_o likewise_o with_o a_o oil_n die_v green_a with_o a_o tincture_n of_o copper_n and_o for_o a_o like_a reason_n the_o water_n which_o be_v carry_v over_o with_o oil_n distil_v in_o a_o alembick_a appear_v white_a as_o long_o as_o the_o globular_a particle_n of_o oil_n swim_v in_o it_o and_o hot_a water_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v considerable_o white_a and_o opacous_a when_o the_o hot_a vapour_n disper_v through_o it_o stop_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o fly_v from_o it_o more_o plentiful_o upon_o the_o eye_n so_o that_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o white_a body_n may_v as_o well_o be_v convex_a as_o smooth_a provide_v the_o superficies_n be_v so_o set_v with_o specular_a particle_n as_o to_o reflect_v the_o ray_n of_o light_n plentiful_o upon_o the_o eye_n for_o it_o be_v not_o only_o observe_v that_o the_o globular_a particle_n of_o oil_n make_v the_o water_n they_o be_v mix_v with_o appear_v white_a but_o the_o same_o colour_n be_v likewise_o reflect_v from_o powder_a glass_n and_o even_o several_a thread_n of_o it_o lay_v together_o so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o requisite_a that_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o white_a body_n shall_v be_v altogether_o globular_a and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o snow_n look_v upon_o with_o a_o microscope_n appear_v to_o consist_v of_o slender_a icicle_n of_o several_a shape_n and_o i_o remember_v that_o by_o contusion_n i_o have_v obtain_v a_o whitish_a powder_n of_o granate_n glass_n of_o antimony_n and_o emerald_n and_o the_o salt_n of_o venereal_a vitriol_n powder_a will_v comparative_o with_o the_o entire_a crystal_n exhibit_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o whiteness_n and_o as_o a_o body_n which_o be_v not_o white_a may_v acquire_v that_o colour_n by_o a_o change_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o its_o part_n so_o one_o that_o be_v white_a may_v be_v deprive_v of_o that_o colour_n thus_o silver_n be_v first_o brush_v and_o then_o boil_a with_o salt_n and_o tartar_n appear_v white_a but_o become_v specular_a by_o be_v rub_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o steel_n the_o protuberant_a part_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v depress_v into_o a_o continue_a superficies_n and_o reflect_v the_o image_n of_o a_o lucid_a body_n whereas_o before_o the_o innumerable_a little_a speculae_fw-la reflect_v the_o ray_n of_o light_n more_o confuse_o blackness_n 〈◊〉_d â—â—chaâ—…_n acâ—_n of_o blackness_n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o whiteness_n we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o guess_v in_o some_o measure_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o blackness_n concern_v which_o quality_n gassendus_fw-la say_v existimare_fw-la par_fw-fr est_fw-la corpora_fw-la suapte_v natura_fw-la nigra_fw-la constare_fw-la ex_fw-la particulis_fw-la quarum_fw-la superficicculae_fw-la scabrae_fw-la sunt_fw-la nec_fw-la facilè_fw-la lucem_fw-la extrorsum_fw-la reflectunt_fw-la so_o that_o black_a differ_v from_o white_a in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o particle_n which_o be_v reflect_v external_o by_o the_o one_o be_v deaden_v by_o the_o other_o and_o not_o reflect_v outward_a either_o because_o the_o superficies_n have_v such_o protuberant_a part_n as_o reflect_v the_o ray_n internal_o or_o be_v soft_a and_o pliable_a yield_v to_o the_o impress_n of_o those_o lucid_a part_n that_o strike_v against_o they_o so_o a_o ball_n that_o will_v fly_v back_o from_o a_o stone_n will_v scarce_o at_o all_o rebound_v from_o a_o net_n or_o mud_n though_o the_o latter_a explication_n i_o think_v the_o less_o propable_a because_o several_a body_n be_v black_a who_o surface_n be_v scarce_o of_o so_o yield_v a_o texture_n
with_o borax_n be_v of_o a_o more_o diluted_a colour_n yet_o by_o be_v urge_v with_o a_o violent_a fire_n it_o be_v colour_n be_v heighten_v blue_n vitriol_n burn_v till_o it_o may_v be_v rub_v to_o a_o powder_n betwixt_o one_o finger_n will_v acquire_v a_o white_a colour_n but_o if_o urge_v by_o a_o great_a heat_n it_o will_v pass_v through_o other_o colour_n as_o grey_a yellowish_a and_o red_a and_o when_o it_o be_v almost_o calcine_v thorough_o it_o will_v be_v of_o a_o dark_a purple_a near_o to_o a_o black_a colour_n to_o these_o i_o may_v add_v that_o crocus_n martis_n per_fw-la se_fw-la be_v not_o so_o near_o a_o white_a as_o the_o iron_n it_o be_v prepare_v from_o and_o that_o judicious_a traveller_n bellonius_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o a_o white_a charcoal_n be_v make_v of_o the_o wood_n of_o oxyceder_n experiment_n v._n though_o camphire_n keep_v in_o close_a glass_n will_v not_o lose_v its_o colour_n by_o heat_n yet_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n in_o the_o free_a air_n it_o emit_v smoke_n copious_o and_o a_o concave_a glass_n with_o a_o hole_n in_o the_o middle_a be_v turn_v upon_o it_o it_o continue_v burn_v and_o cover_v the_o inside_n of_o the_o glass_n with_o a_o black_a soot_n which_o be_v so_o copious_a that_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o camphire_n seem_v convert_v into_o soot_n experiment_n vi._n rectify_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v gradual_o mix_v with_o essential_a oil_n of_o wormwood_n draw_v over_o with_o store_n of_o water_n in_o a_o alembick_a this_o mixture_n be_v distil_v in_o a_o retort_n where_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n that_o remain_v be_v black_a and_o the_o like_v succeed_v with_o oil_n of_o winter-savory_n make_v use_v of_o instead_o of_o the_o oil_n of_o wormwood_n experiment_n vii_o to_o render_v yellow_a wax_n white_a put_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o it_o into_o a_o bolt-head_n with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o place_n it_o in_o a_o sand-heat_n gradual_o increase_v till_o the_o wine_n begin_v to_o boil_v and_o then_o the_o wax_n be_v melt_v the_o mixture_n will_v be_v white_a which_o upon_o a_o evaportion_n of_o the_o most_o subtle_a part_n of_o the_o wine_n will_v subside_o into_o less_o room_n than_o before_o and_o one_o thing_n remarkable_a in_o this_o experiment_n be_v that_o the_o yellow_a colour_n will_v neither_o remain_v in_o the_o wax_n nor_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n separate_v by_o a_o filtre_n of_o brown_a paper_n whilst_o it_o be_v hot_a experiment_n viii_o two_o part_n of_o sublimate_n be_v mix_v with_o one_o of_o tin-glass_n and_o sublimed_a together_o the_o matter_n which_o ascend_v be_v of_o a_o peculiar_a texture_n make_v up_o of_o thin_a smooth_a soft_a and_o slippery_a plate_n much_o like_o the_o scale_n of_o fish_n and_o of_o a_o shine_a colour_n much_o like_o orient_a pearl_n experiment_n ix_o if_o a_o mixture_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v cast_v into_o aq._n fortis_fw-la the_o gold_n fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n will_v be_v turn_v black_a though_o neither_o the_o silver_n or_o aq._n fortis_fw-la be_v of_o that_o colour_n it_o be_v look_v upon_o by_o alchemist_n that_o a_o mineral_n abound_v with_o gold_n if_o it_o precipitate_v a_o black_a powder_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o gold_n and_o silver_n refine_v will_v full_o white_z cloth_n by_o rub_v they_o on_o it_o and_o i_o have_v likewise_o take_v notice_n that_o pen_n will_v be_v colour_v black_a by_o a_o silver_n case_n i_o keep_v they_o in_o experiment_n x._o that_o a_o solution_n of_o silver_n will_v colour_v hair_n black_a have_v often_o be_v find_v and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o silver_n dissolve_v in_o aq._n fortis_fw-la and_o evaporate_v ad_fw-la siccitatem_fw-la and_o clear_v from_o their_o greenish_a blewness_n by_o a_o successive_a affusion_n and_o evaporation_n of_o fair_a water_n this_o calx_fw-la be_v lay_v either_o upon_o the_o skin_n or_o haft_n of_o knife_n will_v stain_v they_o with_o a_o last_a black_a colour_n experiment_n xi_o in_o order_n to_o discover_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o blackness_n of_o negro_n and_o the_o colour_n of_o fox_n and_o hare_n as_o well_o as_o other_o animal_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v some_o collection_n i_o have_v make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o first_o though_o it_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o blackness_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o negro_n depend_v on_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o in_o other_o hot_a country_n be_v observe_v to_o darken_v the_o complexion_n of_o man_n more_o than_o in_o england_n yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o something_o else_o be_v requisite_a to_o the_o production_n of_o those_o colour_n beside_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o sun_n since_o we_o see_v that_o infant_n be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n beside_o in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o same_o latitude_n the_o people_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v at_o the_o most_o but_o tawny_a and_o several_a nation_n in_o the_o empire_n of_o aethiopia_n situate_v almost_o under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o traveller_n and_o navigator_n that_o there_o be_v very_o few_o black_n in_o america_n though_o the_o new_a world_n contain_v many_o climate_n and_o reach_n from_o one_o tropic_a to_o another_o and_o though_o the_o dane_n be_v white_a than_o the_o spaniard_n yet_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o swede_n who_o likewise_o inhabit_v those_o cold_a country_n be_v not_o so_o white_a as_o they_o and_o i_o have_v see_v several_a russian_n who_o be_v of_o a_o much_o brown_a complexion_n than_o the_o dane_n though_o these_o be_v say_v to_o proceed_v from_o a_o race_n of_o tartar_n for_o in_o one_o province_n the_o muscovite_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v much_o white_a and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o negro_n live_v not_o far_o from_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n which_o be_v beyond_o the_o southern_a tropic_n though_o near_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o latitude_n northward_o divers_a american_n nation_n be_v not_o inhabit_v by_o negro_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o candia_n some_o part_n of_o sicily_n and_o even_o spain_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o tawny_a moor_n and_o even_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o greenland_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v of_o a_o olive-colour_n or_o a_o dark_a complexion_n but_o nevertheless_o that_o coldness_n may_v in_o some_o measure_n contribute_v to_o blackness_n or_o whiteness_n appear_v from_o what_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o russia_n and_o livonia_n viz._n that_o hare_n and_o fox_n become_v white_a in_o winter_n and_o regain_v their_o genuine_a colour_n again_o in_o the_o summer_n yet_o in_o curland_n as_o olaus_n magnus_n relate_v they_o vary_v not_o their_o colour_n in_o the_o winter_n though_o this_o country_n be_v only_o severve_v from_o livonia_n by_o the_o river_n dugna_fw-la where_o it_o may_v seem_v too_o strange_a to_o be_v credit_v that_o so_o small_a a_o compass_n as_o that_o river_n take_v up_o shall_v diversity_n the_o effect_n of_o cold_a so_o much_o and_o the_o same_o objection_n may_v be_v make_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o moor_n since_o negro_n inhabit_v on_o one_o side_n the_o river_n cenega_n and_o tawny_a colour_a people_n on_o the_o other_o another_o opinion_n concern_v the_o colour_n of_o negro_n be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o curse_n entail_v upon_o the_o race_n of_o cham._n but_o not_o to_o shift_v off_o the_o natural_a cause_n of_o that_o colour_n by_o fly_v to_o a_o principal_a and_o universal_a cause_n whilst_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o it_o not_o to_o urge_v that_o the_o curse_v pronounce_v by_o noah_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v a_o servant_n of_o servant_n which_o be_v fulfil_v when_o the_o posterity_n of_o sem_fw-mi subdue_v the_o canaanite_n i_o see_v not_o why_o blackness_n shall_v be_v esteem_v a_o curse_n since_o the_o negro_n be_v so_o much_o content_n with_o it_o that_o they_o paint_v the_o devil_n white_a nor_o do_v i_o think_v blackness_n inconsistent_a with_o beauty_n since_o it_o consist_v in_o a_o sumetry_n of_o part_n and_o good_a feature_n in_o the_o face_n so_o that_o blackness_n can_v reasonable_o be_v account_v a_o curse_n except_o that_o colour_n cause_v their_o body_n to_o be_v more_o scorch_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n than_o if_o it_o be_v white_a according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n above_o deliver_v but_o i_o be_o rather_o incline_v to_o think_v that_o they_o proceed_v from_o some_o seminal_a influence_n since_o negro_n as_o well_o as_o american_n transplant_v retain_v their_o proper_a and_o native_a colour_n and_o twin_n which_o be_v get_v by_o the_o portugal_n and_o aethiopian_a woman_n be_v sometime_o one_o of_o they_o white_a and_o the_o other_o black_a and_o how_o far_o seminal_a impression_n contribute_v to_o the_o difference_n of_o organical_a part_n appear_v from_o the_o flat_a nose_n and_o blubber_v lip_n of_o most_o negro_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o little_a foot_n of_o the_o chinese_n and_o the_o
concretes_n out_o of_o lixiviate_v solvent_n such_o as_o crude_a antimony_n and_o though_o common_a sulphur_n yield_v a_o white_a precipitate_v call_v lac_n sulphuris_fw-la yet_o i_o conclude_v that_o antimony_n will_v yield_v a_o yellow_a one_o as_o well_o by_o be_v make_v by_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n as_o length_n of_o time_n wherefore_o i_o put_v a_o fresh_a solution_n of_o antimony_n into_o one_o glass_n and_o some_o of_o the_o orange_n colour_v mixture_n into_o another_o where_o by_o drop_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n into_o the_o latter_a it_o will_v become_v transparent_a whereas_o the_o same_o oil_n will_v turn_v the_o other_o clear_a solution_n into_o a_o deep_a yellow_a but_o in_o this_o experiment_n we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o the_o solution_n of_o antimony_n must_v be_v fresh_a otherwise_o in_o winter_n it_o will_v scarce_o succeed_v reflection_n on_o the_o xl_o experiment_n compare_v with_o the_o x_o and_o xx._n though_o the_o x_o and_o xx_o experiment_n show_v how_o acid_n may_v be_v distinguish_v from_o urinous_a and_o alkalizate_a salt_n yet_o thence_o we_o can_v distinguish_v urinous_a salt_n from_o alkalous_a but_o by_o the_o precede_a experiment_n i_o be_v enable_v to_o distinguish_v lixiviate_n by_o their_o precipitate_v a_o orange_n tawny_a from_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n in_o water_n whereas_o urinous_a salt_n will_v make_v it_o either_o white_a or_o milky_a so_o that_o by_o this_o experiment_n i_o can_v discover_v that_o shall_v ammoniac_a draw_v from_o a_o alkaly_n be_v but_o a_o urinous_a salt_n more_o refine_v the_o alkaly_a separate_n and_o retain_v the_o sea-salt_n mix_v with_o it_o for_o it_o will_v not_o only_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a and_o verdigrease_n azure_a but_o will_v precipitate_v a_o white_a substance_n from_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n and_o from_o hence_o we_o may_v not_o only_o learn_v to_o conclude_v affirmative_o but_o negative_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o salt_n since_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o essential_a oil_n have_v either_o no_o salt_n in_o they_o or_o it_o be_v of_o a_o peculiar_a kind_n since_o they_o will_v neither_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n red_a nor_o green_a nor_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n white_a or_o yellow_a i_o find_v that_o spirit_n of_o oak_n though_o it_o be_v a_o chemical_a principle_n yet_o it_o will_v turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n purple_a and_o destroy_v the_o blewness_n of_o a_o tincture_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephritium_n as_o acid_n do_v and_o will_v corrode_v coral_n like_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n but_o when_o the_o acid_n part_n of_o this_o spirit_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o other_o it_o will_v have_v no_o more_o effect_n upon_o any_o of_o those_o liquor_n as_o spirit_n of_o wine_n or_o essential_a oil_n and_o by_o this_o method_n we_o may_v discover_v the_o nature_n of_o most_o salt_n produce_v either_o by_o art_n or_o nature_n and_o by_o the_o same_o method_n here_o lay_v down_o i_o have_v observe_v several_a liquor_n which_o though_o run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la will_v have_v no_o other_o effect_n than_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o i_o know_v how_o to_o make_v a_o strong_a saline_a body_n which_o will_v neither_o work_n upon_o syrup_n of_o violet_n or_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n and_o now_o to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v it_o may_v be_v seasonable_a to_o add_v that_o the_o effect_n of_o salt_n upon_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n depend_v on_o the_o peculiar_a texture_n not_o only_o of_o the_o solution_n but_o of_o the_o body_n by_o which_o it_o be_v precipitate_v for_o a_o solution_n of_o gold_n in_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la will_v yield_v a_o yellow_a precipitate_v whether_o oil_n of_o tartar_n spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v add_v to_o it_o yet_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n which_o precipitate_v a_o solution_n of_o silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v have_v no_o such_o effect_n and_o the_o crystal_n of_o silver_n dissolve_v will_v yield_v a_o white_a precipitate_v whether_o a_o alkaly_n or_o a_o acid._n be_v drop_v into_o the_o solution_n yet_o shall_v ammoniac_a will_v not_o produce_v the_o like_a effect_n so_o that_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n be_v evaporate_v the_o metalline_a corpuseles_o with_o the_o saline_a one_o that_o have_v imbibe_v they_o coagulate_v into_o salt_n as_o such_o solution_n usual_o do_v when_o the_o metal_n have_v be_v precipitate_v experiment_n xli_o a_o azure_a solution_n of_o copper_n in_o spirit_n of_o urine_n be_v shake_v with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v become_v clear_a as_o water_n and_o though_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la usual_o extract_v a_o blue_n greenish_a solution_n from_o french_a verdigrease_n yet_o be_v drop_v into_o a_o solution_n of_o it_o in_o water_n it_o almost_o render_v it_o colourless_a but_o upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o oil_n of_o tartar_n or_o spirit_n of_o urine_n it_o will_v disclose_v a_o colour_n somewhat_o different_a from_o the_o solution_n of_o verdigrease_n itself_o experiment_n xlii_o the_o dry_a calx_fw-la remain_v after_o a_o evaporation_n of_o a_o solution_n of_o quicksilver_n in_o aq._n fortis_fw-la give_v a_o yellow_a tincture_n but_o quicksilver_n be_v put_v into_o a_o retort_n with_o four_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o the_o saline_n menstruum_fw-la be_v draw_v off_o in_o a_o sand-heat_n till_o a_o dry_a calx_fw-la remain_v in_o the_o bottom_n though_o this_o calx_fw-la be_v of_o a_o white_a colour_n it_o will_v pass_v through_o a_o milky_a colour_n to_o a_o yellow_a upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n and_o beguinus_n tyr._n chym._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 13._o prepare_v turbith_n mineral_n which_o he_o call_v mercurius_n praecipitatus_fw-la optimus_fw-la by_o digest_v and_o then_o two_o or_o three_o time_n cohobate_v one_o part_n of_o quicksilver_n with_o two_o of_o oil_n of_o sulphur_n and_o by_o frequent_a ablution_n in_o hot_a distil_a water_n etc._n etc._n but_o though_o this_o yellow_a of_o we_o be_v a_o much_o fine_a than_o any_o in_o the_o painter_n shop_n yet_o it_o be_v too_o dear_a for_o ordinary_a use_n be_v we_o certain_a it_o will_v agree_v with_o oil_a colour_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o menstruum_fw-la which_o be_v devoid_a of_o colour_n may_v produce_v a_o colour_n be_v mix_v with_o a_o white_a calx_fw-la experiment_n xliii_o to_o show_v that_o a_o colour_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o a_o liquor_n that_o have_v neither_o colour_n nor_o saline_a part_n we_o pour_v water_n on_o a_o gray_a calx_fw-la of_o vitriol_n and_o though_o at_o the_o first_o the_o mixture_n be_v of_o a_o muddy_a colour_n yet_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o viol_n for_o some_o day_n the_o calx_fw-la be_v partly_o dissolve_v and_o shoot_v into_o vitriol_n give_v the_o water_n a_o vitriolate_a colour_n and_o so_o it_o do_v to_o fresh_a water_n pour_v on_o the_o calx_fw-la when_o the_o tinged_a liquor_n be_v decant_v experiment_n xliv_o by_o drop_v a_o few_o drop_n of_o a_o tincture_n of_o cochinele_n or_o brazil_n into_o water_n it_o will_v acquire_v a_o pink_a colour_n from_o which_o by_o successive_a addition_n it_o will_v pass_v from_o that_o to_o a_o fine_a red_a and_o from_o that_o to_o a_o crimson_a and_o after_o that_o to_o a_o opace_fw-la red_n and_o several_a intermediate_v colour_n may_v be_v perceive_v in_o its_o passage_n from_o one_o colour_n to_o another_o but_o these_o variation_n will_v be_v more_o conspicuous_a if_o we_o make_v use_v of_o cylindrical_a pipe_n instead_o of_o viol_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o a_o tincture_n of_o brazil_n be_v put_v into_o a_o viol_n that_o in_o the_o body_n of_o it_o appear_v blue_a but_o that_o in_o the_o neck_n which_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n traject_v more_o plentiful_o appear_v green_a and_o i_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o glass_n which_o be_v hold_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o light_n seem_v clear_a and_o when_o the_o eye_n be_v place_v betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o light_n it_o appear_v slight_o discolour_a yet_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o glass_n it_o be_v knock_v off_o it_o appear_v as_o green_a as_o grass_n and_o i_o have_v have_v bottle_n which_o though_o they_o be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o material_n with_o the_o stopple_v be_v nevertheless_o different_a in_o colour_n and_o i_o have_v a_o flat_a glass_n which_o obvert_v to_o the_o eye_n flat_a appear_v like_o ordinary_a window_n glass_n but_o if_o the_o edge_n of_o it_o be_v obverl_v to_o my_o eye_n in_o a_o convenient_a posture_n it_o will_v appear_v like_o a_o emerald_n and_o i_o have_v have_v a_o certain_a pigment_n which_o if_o it_o lay_v thick_a upon_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v of_o a_o crimson_a but_o be_v spread_v thin_a on_o the_o paper_n it_o will_v seem_v green_a and_o i_o have_v likewise_o observe_v that_o that_o blue_a substance_n call_v litmase_v be_v dissolve_v in_o water_n give_v it_o a_o tincture_n betwixt_o crimson_n and_o purple_a yet_o it_o stain_v paper_a blue_n
and_o the_o like_a colour_n be_v afford_v by_o it_o on_o a_o piece_n of_o flat_a glaze_v earth_n and_o some_o of_o the_o same_o be_v drop_v into_o a_o glass_n of_o water_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o invert_v cone_n exhibit_v great-varietys_a of_o crimson_n and_o purple_a and_o when_o the_o litmase_v be_v perfect_o mix_v with_o the_o water_n it_o afford_v a_o glorious_a yellow_n like_o that_o of_o a_o topaz_n when_o a_o few_o drop_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v drop_v into_o it_o and_o if_o a_o few_o drop_n of_o a_o solution_n of_o pot-ash_n be_v drop_v into_o it_o they_o subside_v into_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o will_v afford_v a_o bright_a dilute_a colour_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n a_o purple_a above_o that_o and_o a_o deep_a crimson_n betwixt_o that_o and_o a_o yellow_a which_o wrought_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o if_o spirit_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v pour_v upon_o that_o it_o will_v turn_v part_n of_o the_o yellow_a into_o a_o purple_a or_o crimson_n from_o which_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o as_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o pigment_n be_v near_o or_o more_o disperse_v the_o colour_n represent_v by_o they_o vary_v experiment_n xlv_o a_o preparation_n of_o steel_n use_v as_o a_o succedaneum_n of_o spaw-water_n and_o who_o colour_n be_v like_a that_o of_o german_a amethyst_n be_v drop_v into_o rhenish-wine_n afford_v a_o lovely_a green_n but_o water_n or_o spirit_n of_o wine_n will_v not_o receive_v that_o tincture_n from_o it_o and_o to_o satisfy_v myself_o that_o the_o effect_n depend_v not_o on_o any_o acidity_n in_o the_o wine_n i_o impregnated_a water_n with_o spirit_n of_o salt_n but_o notwithstanding_o it_o will_v not_o receive_v a_o green_a tincture_n from_o the_o liquor_n and_o to_o vary_v the_o experiment_n i_o drop_v alkalizate_a and_o urinous_a salt_n into_o the_o green_a tincture_n by_o which_o it_o put_v on_o a_o dirty_a and_o a_o turbid_v colour_n but_o if_o this_o essense_n of_o steel_n be_v drop_v into_o water_n impregnate_v with_o spirit_n of_o salt_n a_o solution_n of_o salt_n of_o pot-ash_n or_o of_o spirit_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a will_v turn_v it_o yellow_a the_o vitriolate_a salt_n be_v precipitate_v by_o they_o and_o olaus_n wormius_n take_v notice_n of_o a_o rare_a kind_n of_o turn-sole_a which_o will_v communicate_v a_o red_a tincture_n to_o water_n and_o though_o it_o will_v to_o wine_n yet_o spirit_n of_o wine_n will_v not_o be_v at_o all_o tinged_a by_o it_o so_o that_o tincture_n both_o depend_v on_o the_o peculiar_a texture_n of_o the_o body_n that_o receive_v and_o that_o which_o give_v the_o tincture_n experiment_n xlvi_o the_o adventitious_a colour_n of_o metal_n be_v either_o such_o as_o they_o acquire_v by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n upon_o they_o or_o such_o as_o result_v from_o the_o coalition_n of_o metaline_n particle_n with_o the_o mestruum_fw-la which_o dissolve_v they_o or_o last_o when_o they_o be_v mix_v together_o by_o fusion_n and_o first_o tin_n by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v calcine_v afford_v a_o white_a calx_fw-la and_o lead_v a_o red_a one_o and_o copper_n calcine_v per_fw-la se_fw-la yield_v a_o dark_a blackish_a powder_n and_o iron_n by_o reverberate_v flame_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o crocus_n and_o mercury_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o red_a powder_n and_o beside_o these_o more_o obvious_a colour_n there_o be_v several_a intermediate_v once_o whilst_o by_o the_o action_n of_o fire_n metal_n be_v a_o calcine_v and_o not_o only_o the_o calces_fw-la but_o the_o glass_n of_o mineral_n vitrify_v per_fw-la se_fw-la be_v of_o colour_n different_a from_o the_o metal_n so_o that_o i_o have_v see_v a_o glass_n make_v of_o silver_n of_o a_o dark_a colour_n and_o not_o only_o metal_n but_o mineral_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o yield_v colour_n by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n different_a from_o their_o own_o as_o antimony_n afford_v a_o whitish_a grace_n calx_fw-la and_o flower_n various_o colour_a and_o the_o calx_fw-la by_o be_v flux_v will_v yield_v a_o glass_n of_o a_o yellow_a or_o red_a colour_n and_o vitriol_n calcine_v pass_v through_o several_a colour_n before_o it_o come_v to_o be_v of_o a_o dark_a purple_a experiment_n xlvii_o as_o for_o the_o adventitious_a colour_n produce_v by_o the_o union_n of_o metal_n with_o their_o solvent_n gold_n give_v aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la it_o be_v yellow_a colour_n but_o mercury_n give_v no_o considerable_a colour_n to_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la except_o a_o greenness_n or_o blewness_n at_o the_o first_o which_o present_o disappear_v tin_n corrode_v by_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la subside_v in_o the_o form_n of_o curdled_a milk_n or_o eggs._n lead_v dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n afford_v a_o clear_a solution_n and_o if_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v draw_v off_o appear_v white_a iron_n dissolve_v by_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n dilute_v with_o water_n yield_v a_o green_a vitriolum_fw-la martis_n but_o give_v a_o saffron_n colour_n to_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la or_o a_o yellowish_a red._n common_a silver_n such_o as_o be_v coin_v give_v a_o copper_n tincture_n to_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la but_o such_o as_o be_v refine_v perfect_o give_v a_o bluish_a green_n to_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o be_v sublime_v with_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a it_o afford_v a_o bluish_a sublimate_n and_o indeed_o copper_n dissolve_v in_o several_a menstruum_n will_v yield_v a_o great_a variety_n of_o greenish_a blue_n or_o bluish_a green_a colour_n but_o with_o spirit_n of_o sugar_n and_o turpentine_n it_o afford_v a_o blue_a tincture_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o green_n and_o to_o show_v that_o the_o adventitious_a colour_n may_v result_v from_o the_o copper_n itself_o as_o well_o as_o the_o salt_n which_o corrode_v it_o i_o moisten_a dantzick_n vitriol_n with_o spital_n and_o then_o rub_v it_o upon_o a_o knife_n it_o give_v it_o a_o reddish_a colour_n like_o that_o of_o copper_n saccharum_fw-la saturni_n with_o spirit_n of_o turpentine_n will_v yield_v a_o red_a balsam_n and_o that_o stone_n which_o helmont_n call_v paracelsus_n his_o ludus_fw-la in_o a_o proper_a menstruum_fw-la afford_v sometime_o a_o yellowish_a and_o sometime_o a_o red_a solution_n and_o before_o i_o leave_v this_o experiment_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o if_o quicksilver_n be_v precipitate_v out_o of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la with_o spirit_n of_o sea-salt_n or_o sea-salt_n dissolve_v in_o water_n it_o will_v subside_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a powder_n but_o if_o it_o be_v precipitate_v with_o a_o alkaly_a it_o yield_v a_o yellow_a tawny_a powder_n but_o if_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v draw_v off_o without_o precipitate_v it_o the_o remain_a substance_n will_v vary_v its_o colour_n as_o it_o be_v expose_v to_o different_a degree_n of_o heat_n so_o that_o once_o i_o observe_v the_o white_a calx_fw-la to_o remain_v partly_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vial_n of_o a_o deep_a yellow_a and_o in_o some_o part_n red_a the_o remain_a part_n be_v elevate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o red_a and_o ash-coloured_a sublimate_n and_o vermilion_n be_v only_o a_o sublimate_n of_o mercury_n and_o brimstone_n experiment_n xlviii_o to_o show_v that_o metal_n associate_v with_o other_o body_n will_v afford_v different_a colour_n i_o have_v give_v a_o instance_n in_o silver_n which_o give_v glass_n a_o lovely_a golden_a colour_n and_o i_o shall_v now_o add_v that_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o artificer_n paint_v glass_n yellow_a with_o calx_fw-la of_o silver_n and_o i_o have_v obtain_v a_o substance_n of_o a_o saphirine_n blue_n from_o shel-silver_n mix_v with_o powder_n of_o crystal_n glass_n keep_v in_o fusion_n two_o or_o three_o hour_n which_o i_o attribute_v to_o some_o copper_n latent_fw-la in_o the_o silver_n and_o though_o copper_n calcine_v per_fw-la se_fw-la yield_v a_o dark_a colour_v calx_fw-la yet_o it_o tinge_v glass_n green_n but_o be_v keep_v in_o fusion_n with_o 100_o time_n its_o weight_n in_o glass_n it_o afford_v not_o a_o green_a but_o a_o blue_a substance_n which_o whether_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o action_n of_o the_o mineral_n or_o it_o be_v saline_a part_n only_o or_o both_o i_o must_v not_o stay_v to_o inquire_v but_o to_o proceed_v putty_n make_v of_o tin_n and_o lead_v calcine_v together_o be_v a_o white_a calx_fw-la give_v colliquate_v glass_n the_o resemblance_n of_o white_a amel_n which_o will_v receive_v into_o it_o the_o colour_n of_o divers_a mineral_n which_o will_v endure_v the_o fire_n and_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o take_v notice_n that_o blue_a and_o yellow_a amel_n be_v compound_v will_v afford_v a_o green_n and_o it_o be_v common_o know_v that_o the_o dark_a substance_n call_v zaffora_n will_v give_v glass_n a_o blue_a tincture_n and_o that_o dark_a substance_n term_v magnesia_n from_o its_o similar_v colour_n to_o that_o of_o a_o loadstone_n give_v glass_n not_o only_a colour_n different_a from_o its_o own_o
whilst_o it_o be_v stir_v about_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n in_o the_o weatherglass_n gradual_o subside_v experiment_n iu._n etc._n another_o immerse_v in_o spirit_n of_o roch_n allom_n etc._n etc._n have_v pour_v as_o much_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o roch_n allom_n into_o a_o wide_a mouth_a glass_n as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o cover_v the_o globulous_a part_n of_o a_o thermoscope_n when_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v equal_o cool_v with_o the_o air_n about_o it_o we_o pour_v into_o it_o a_o volatile_a salt_n obtain_v by_o sublimation_n from_o salarmoniack_a and_o a_o fix_a alcali_n and_o though_o upon_o the_o joint_a action_n of_o these_o two_o body_n a_o considerable_a noise_n be_v raise_v with_o bubble_n and_o froth_n yet_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n begin_v to_o subside_n and_o continue_v to_o do_v so_o till_o the_o spirit_n of_o allom_n be_v whole_o glut_v with_o the_o volatile_a salt_n the_o whole_a descent_n be_v the_o length_n of_o a_o inch._n from_o this_o experiment_n and_o the_o forego_n it_o appear_v that_o when_o alcaly_n and_o acid_n produce_v heat_n upon_o a_o mutual_a conflict_n which_o ensue_v their_o mixture_n they_o have_v not_o that_o effect_n precise_o consider_v as_o such_o since_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o a_o urinous_a salt_n mix_v with_o a_o acid_a spirit_n viz._n of_o roch_n allom_n produce_v coldness_n and_o not_o a_o true_a effervescence_n experiment_n v._n armon_n a_o thermoscope_n in_o a_o mixture_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o sal_fw-la armon_n one_o part_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v shake_v together_o with_o twelve_o part_n of_o water_n the_o mixture_n acquire_v a_o little_a warmth_n but_o when_o it_o be_v cool_v be_v pour_v into_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n and_o a_o thermometer_n immerse_v in_o it_o when_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o thermoscope_n be_v equal_o cool_v with_o the_o external_a we_o pour_v in_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o salarmoniack_a to_o glut_v the_o acid_n the_o effect_n of_o which_o mixture_n be_v that_o upon_o a_o cold_a ebullition_n the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n descend_v a_o inch._n experiment_n vi._n vitriol_n heat_v produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o saltpetre_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n though_o salt-peter_n usual_o produce_v a_o coldness_n in_o liquor_n yet_o eight_o ounce_n of_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o six_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n the_o mixture_n acquire_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o heat_n emit_v fume_n copious_o experiment_n vii_o water_n the_o effect_n of_o gunpowder_n mix_v with_o water_n though_o gunpowder_n be_v a_o body_n so_o inflammable_a yet_o it_o evident_o impart_v a_o coldness_n if_o mix_v with_o water_n if_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o salt_n former_o make_v use_v of_o before_o the_o oil_n have_v be_v mix_v with_o water_n it_o acquire_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n a_o digression_n about_o potential_a coldness_n explain_v potential_a coldness_n mechanical_o explain_v potential_a coldness_n be_v usual_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v a_o quality_n so_o absolute_a as_o not_o to_o be_v explicable_a without_o the_o doctrine_n of_o substantial_a form_n but_o it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o it_o may_v without_o any_o great_a difficulty_n be_v clear_o explain_v by_o mechanic_n principle_n if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o figure_n shape_n and_o texture_n of_o body_n may_v be_v so_o contrive_v as_o to_o lessen_v the_o usual_a and_o natural_a agitation_n of_o humour_n about_o our_o sensory_a and_o consequent_o the_o perception_n of_o this_o imminution_n may_v cause_v such_o a_o sensation_n as_o be_v usual_o term_v potential_a coldness_n which_o account_n be_v allow_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o potential_a coldness_n be_v only_o a_o relative_a quality_n depend_v on_o the_o dispersion_n of_o the_o agent_n through_o the_o body_n to_o be_v cool_v by_o they_o according_a to_o which_o notion_n the_o cold_a fit_n in_o ague_n may_v easy_o be_v conceive_v to_o arise_v from_o a_o intermixture_n of_o the_o part_n of_o some_o clammy_a matter_n which_o before_o a_o dissolution_n be_v unable_a to_o cause_v any_o considerable_a effect_n in_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n but_o present_o after_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o blood_n produce_v such_o a_o change_n in_o the_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n as_o affect_v the_o sensory_a with_o such_o a_o sensation_n as_o be_v usual_o esteem_v potential_a coldness_n which_o sensation_n may_v not_o only_o be_v so_o produce_v in_o ague_n but_o by_o a_o like_a cause_n in_o other_o distemper_n and_o in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o body_n as_o in_o hypochondriack_n and_o hysterical_a case_n to_o render_v which_o account_v more_o probable_a i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o i_o have_v learn_v by_o the_o effect_n of_o poison_n that_o the_o small_a part_n of_o they_o be_v interperse_v through_o the_o part_n of_o humour_n previous_o dispose_v may_v cause_v a_o notable_a refrigeration_n and_o i_o myself_o have_v prepare_v a_o penetrate_a chemical_a liquor_n a_o drop_n of_o which_o be_v give_v to_o a_o animal_n will_v cast_v he_o into_o a_o seem_a sleep_n and_o a_o little_o large_a quantity_n be_v by_o mischance_n apply_v to_o a_o akeing_n tooth_n give_v the_o person_n a_o sort_n of_o tremble_a and_o almost_o a_o universal_a refrigeration_n and_o that_o coldness_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o the_o mixture_n of_o some_o subtle_a part_n of_o matter_n with_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n appear_v from_o the_o follow_a history_n famulum_fw-la habui_fw-la say_v benivenius_n cap._n 56._o abditorum_fw-la apud_fw-la schenk_n lib._n 7._o de_fw-la venen_fw-la obs_n 24._o qui_fw-fr a_fw-fr scorpione_n ictus_fw-la tam_fw-la subito_fw-la ac_fw-la tam_fw-la frigido_fw-la sudore_fw-la toto_fw-la corpore_fw-la perfusus_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la algentissima_fw-la nive_n atque_fw-la glacie_n seize_v opprimi_fw-la quereretur_fw-la verum_fw-la cum_fw-la algenti_fw-la illi_fw-la solam_fw-la theriacam_n ex_fw-la vino_fw-la potentiore_fw-la exhibuissem_fw-la illico_fw-la curatus_fw-la est_fw-la and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v another_o relate_v by_o amatus_fw-la lusitanus_n cent._n 6._o obs_n vir_fw-la qui_fw-la a_o scorpione_n in_o manus_fw-la digito_fw-la punctus_fw-la fuit_fw-la multum_fw-la dolebat_fw-la &_o refrigeratus_fw-la totus_fw-la contremebat_fw-la &_o per_fw-la corpus_fw-la dolores_fw-la cute_fw-la tota_fw-la quasi_fw-la aut_fw-la puncta_fw-la formicantes_fw-la patiebatur_fw-la etc._n etc._n on_o what_o refrigeration_n depend_v on_o whether_o such_o refrigeration_n depend_v on_o a_o sort_n of_o coagulation_n of_o the_o minute_n part_v of_o the_o blood_n or_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v produce_v by_o a_o different_a determination_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o those_o liquor_n as_o to_o the_o line_n they_o move_v in_o i_o shall_v not_o now_o examine_v but_o shall_v rather_o offer_v it_o to_o be_v consider_v since_o the_o internal_a constitution_n of_o several_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v different_a from_o each_o other_o and_o since_o the_o size_n and_o texture_n of_o several_a agent_n be_v also_o various_a whether_o they_o may_v not_o upon_o that_o account_n have_v different_a effect_n upon_o distinct_a part_n of_o the_o body_n for_o all_o the_o quality_n of_o such_o agent_n do_v not_o whole_o depend_v on_o the_o action_n of_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o medicine_n only_o but_o depend_v on_o some_o adventitious_a quality_n which_o they_o acquire_v by_o be_v mix_v with_o particular_a humour_n and_o which_o they_o may_v dispose_v to_o be_v more_o or_o less_o work_v upon_o by_o the_o other_o efficient_n of_o heat_n or_o cold._n and_o these_o conjecture_n may_v not_o be_v render_v a_o little_a probable_a by_o observe_v that_o though_o spirit_n of_o wine_n inward_o take_v cause_n heat_v yet_o external_o it_o abate_v the_o heat_n of_o inflame_a part_n but_o have_v different_a effect_n on_o a_o tender_a eye_n and_o though_o internal_o five_o grain_n of_o camphire_n may_v diffuse_v heat_n through_o the_o whole_a body_n yet_o external_o it_o be_v use_v in_o refrigerate_a medicine_n how_o far_o these_o observation_n may_v be_v of_o service_n in_o determine_v whether_o camphire_n etc._n etc._n be_v hot_a or_o cold_a i_o shall_v leave_v to_o physician_n to_o consider_v and_o shall_v here_o only_o offer_v in_o proof_n that_o potential_a coldness_n be_v only_o a_o relative_a quality_n the_o follow_a particular_n viz._n that_o from_o the_o vi_o and_o vii_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o body_n to_o be_v work_v on_o the_o agent_n may_v have_v different_a quality_n as_o fume_n of_o lead_n may_v coagulate_v mercury_n though_o it_o have_v not_o a_o like_a effect_n on_o other_o liquor_n and_o further_o although_o salarmoniack_a and_o nitre_n be_v when_o separate_a cool_a and_o though_o the_o latter_a melt_v in_o a_o crucible_n take_v not_o fire_n of_o itself_o yet_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o salarmoniack_a it_o flash_v vehement_o but_o i_o shall_v leave_v this_o digression_n and_o proceed_v to_o experiment_n about_o cold._n experiment_n viii_o sal-armon_a oil_n of_o
vitriol_n pour_v upon_o a_o solution_n of_o sal-armon_a to_o make_v it_o appear_v how_o much_o motion_n and_o texture_n may_v contribute_v to_o the_o production_n of_o cold_a we_o gradual_o add_v twelve_o ounce_n of_o water_n to_o a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o salarmoniack_a and_o whilst_o upon_o a_o dissolution_n of_o the_o salt_n the_o water_n become_v cold_a we_o pour_v in_o twelve_o ounce_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o which_o the_o mixture_n become_v hot_a where_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o though_o salarmoniack_a in_o either_o of_o these_o liquor_n produce_v cold_a yet_o a_o contrary_a effect_n shall_v happen_v upon_o its_o mixture_n with_o both_o together_o the_o reason_n of_o which_o can_v be_v no_o other_o but_o that_o the_o heat_v produce_v by_o the_o two_o liquor_n overpowr_v the_o degree_n of_o cold_a which_o the_o salt_n be_v able_a otherwise_o to_o produce_v experiment_n ix_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o same_o mixture_n be_v so_o uncertain_a sometime_o that_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o have_v place_v a_o thermometer_n in_o eight_o ounce_n of_o spirit_n of_o verdigrease_n and_o gradual_o put_v in_o two_o ounce_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n after_o some_o time_n the_o ingredient_n have_v work_v upon_o each_o other_o with_o a_o copious_a froth_n and_o a_o hiss_a noise_n the_o bottle_n be_v something_o warm_a and_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o thermometer_n raise_v yet_o another_o salt_n be_v mix_v with_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o spirit_n of_o verdigrease_n prepare_v without_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n pour_v upon_o it_o instead_o of_o a_o incalescence_n a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n will_v be_v produce_v experiment_n x._o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o water_n shake_v together_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o salarmoniack_a acquire_v a_o sort_n of_o goolness_n but_o if_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o the_o salt_n be_v first_o mix_v upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n they_o become_v hot_a and_o though_o salt_n of_o tartar_n grow_v hot_a in_o water_n yet_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o cinnabar_fw-la distil_v in_o a_o strong_a fire_n produce_v no_o heat_n notwithstanding_o a_o hiss_v nolse_o like_o that_o of_o quicklime_n succeed_v its_o immersion_n effect_n a_o coincident_a disposition_n betwixt_o the_o agent_n and_o the_o patient_a requisite_a to_o the_o production_n of_o their_o effect_n that_o the_o artificial_a production_n of_o cold_a may_v be_v obstruct_v by_o a_o indisposition_n in_o the_o patient_n to_o be_v act_v on_o by_o the_o grand_a efficient_n of_o cold_a i_o have_v learn_v by_o several_a observation_n and_o particular_o by_o note_v that_o though_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v so_o fiery_a a_o liquor_n as_o in_o some_o measure_n to_o have_v the_o effect_n of_o fire_n itself_o and_o to_o dissolve_v ice_n soon_o than_o spirit_n of_o wine_n yet_o a_o pound_n of_o choice_n rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v put_v into_o a_o bottle_n except_o a_o little_a at_o the_o top_n it_o be_v whole_o coagulate_v into_o a_o consistent_a mass_n like_o ice_n notwithstanding_o the_o glass_n stand_v in_o a_o elaboratory_n in_o which_o that_o oil_n be_v never_o at_o any_o other_o time_n observe_v to_o congeal_v and_o this_o phenomenon_n be_v the_o more_o remarkable_a because_o the_o oil_n continue_v in_o that_o state_n when_o the_o wether_n be_v too_o moderate_a to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o such_o a_o effect_n on_o the_o contrary_n i_o have_v observe_v that_o oil_n of_o anniseed_n which_o usual_o coagulate_v with_o a_o less_o degree_n of_o cold_a than_o water_n continue_v undisturbed_a and_o transparent_a without_o the_o least_o coagulation_n in_o a_o very_a frosty_a season_n and_o the_o like_a we_o have_v observe_v in_o camphire_n reduce_v to_o a_o oil_n by_o some_o nitrous_a spirit_n but_o to_o conclude_v this_o section_n if_o heat_n depend_v on_o a_o brisk_a agitation_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o humour_n about_o our_o sensory_a and_o if_o cold_a be_v a_o effect_n of_o a_o less_o degree_n of_o motion_n than_o that_o about_o our_o sensory_a it_o appear_v that_o a_o imminution_n of_o that_o motion_n which_o be_v requisite_a to_o produce_v heat_n be_v sufficient_a to_o cause_v the_o contrary_a quality_n viz._n coldness_n and_o though_o cold_a seem_v in_o such_o a_o sense_n a_o privitive_a quality_n yet_o in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o agent_n which_o cause_v that_o imminution_n act_v positive_o upon_o the_o part_n in_o motion_n it_o may_v be_v esteem_v a_o positive_a quality_n though_o in_o respect_n of_o our_o sensory_a it_o be_v but_o a_o relative_a one_o as_o lukewarm_a water_n will_v appear_v hot_a or_o cold_a as_o the_o hand_n immerse_v in_o it_o have_v either_o be_v expose_v to_o a_o intense_a degree_n of_o cold_a or_o heat_n and_o indeed_o the_o principal_a mistake_n which_o sometime_o occur_v in_o discourse_n concern_v cold_a happen_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o ambiguity_n of_o that_o expression_n which_o sometime_o be_v use_v to_o signify_v the_o idea_n imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n by_o the_o advention_n of_o a_o external_a object_n sometime_o for_o a_o imminution_n of_o such_o a_o motion_n as_o cause_n heat_v and_o sometime_o for_o the_o object_n upon_o a_o contact_n of_o which_o we_o perceive_v cold._n chap._n ii_o show_v that_o not_o only_o our_o sense_n but_o common_a weather-glass_n may_v misinform_v we_o about_o cold._n cold._n neither_o our_o sensory_n nor_o weather-glass_n infallible_a criterion_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o cold._n though_o most_o philosopher_n have_v hitherto_o take_v the_o testimony_n of_o our_o sensory_n for_o the_o only_a criterion_n by_o which_o they_o estimate_v the_o degree_n of_o cold_a yet_o since_o cold_a be_v in_o respect_n of_o our_o organ_n only_o a_o relative_n thing_n and_o since_o it_o have_v sensible_a effect_n on_o other_o body_n which_o be_v affect_v by_o more_o minute_n variation_n than_o our_o sensory_n it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o estimate_v the_o degree_n of_o it_o by_o the_o change_v it_o cause_v on_o those_o body_n that_o discover_v it_o be_v slight_a variation_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o our_o sense_n since_o neither_o our_o sensory_n alone_o nor_o common_a weather-glass_n be_v too_o confident_o to_o be_v rely_v on_o in_o judge_v of_o the_o degree_n of_o it_o for_o cold_a be_v a_o relative_a quality_n in_o respect_n of_o our_o sensory_n as_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o organ_n vary_v so_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o cold_a may_v seem_v violent_a or_o more_o remiss_a as_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o hot_a bath_n the_o most_o remiss_a degree_n seem_v hot_a to_o those_o that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o open_a air_n yet_o cold_a and_o chill_a to_o those_o that_o come_v out_o of_o a_o hot_a bath_n into_o that_o the_o reason_n of_o which_o appear_v to_o be_v that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o cool_a bath_n be_v more_o brisk_o agitate_a about_o our_o sensory_a than_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n but_o when_o we_o come_v out_o of_o a_o hot_a bath_n they_o be_v less_o agitate_a in_o respect_n of_o that_o cause_v a_o cold_a sensation_n by_o alter_v and_o check_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o humour_n which_o before_o be_v brisk_o agitate_a about_o our_o sensory_n but_o our_o sensory_n may_v not_o only_o misinform_v we_o in_o such_o case_n where_o they_o evident_o appear_v to_o be_v different_o temper_v in_o respect_n of_o those_o object_n but_o sometime_o when_o those_o variation_n in_o the_o disposition_n of_o our_o sensory_n be_v cause_v by_o unsuspected_a agent_n or_o insensible_a degree_n so_o we_o perceive_v the_o air_n in_o a_o cellar_n much_o cold_o in_o the_o summer_n when_o body_n accustom_v to_o a_o warm_a air_n descend_v into_o it_o nay_o sometime_o we_o judge_v amiss_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a when_o we_o think_v our_o sensory_n unaltered_a so_o air_n blow_v out_o of_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o upon_o the_o sensory_a by_o penetrate_v into_o the_o pore_n and_o retardate_v the_o agitation_n of_o the_o humour_n seem_v cold_o than_o before_o yet_o when_o blow_v upon_o a_o common_a weatherglass_n that_o motion_n enable_v it_o not_o to_o depress_v the_o mercury_n beside_o sometime_o we_o may_v be_v more_o sensible_o affect_v with_o cold_a when_o it_o depend_v not_o on_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o air_n in_o general_a but_o either_o on_o some_o steam_n which_o be_v endow_v with_o frigorifick_a quality_n as_o opium_n external_o apply_v or_o on_o some_o chill_a distemper_a humour_n in_o our_o body_n but_o further_a sometime_o body_n appear_v cold_a to_o our_o sensory_n than_o to_o a_o weatherglass_n because_o the_o former_a be_v more_o affect_v by_o the_o density_n and_o penetrancy_n of_o the_o part_n so_o water_n have_v appear_v cold_a to_o our_o body_n 1._o see_v plate_n 1_o fig._n 1._o when_o by_o a_o nice_a weatherglass_n i_o can_v not_o discover_v that_o it_o be_v cold_o
sublimate_n make_v with_o common_a sublimate_n and_o salarmoniack_a nay_o and_o with_o both_o loaf_n and_o kitchin-sugar_n as_o likewise_o a_o strong_a solution_n of_o pot-ash_n mix_v with_o snow_n do_v freeze_v though_o very_o faint_o and_o both_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o pot-ash_n agitate_a with_o snow_n in_o a_o small_a vial_n produce_v film_n of_o ice_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o glass_n though_o very_o thin_a one_o 9_o a_o sweet_a solution_n of_o minium_n in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n mix_v with_o snow_n excite_v the_o frigorifick_a quality_n of_o it_o yet_o some_o of_o that_o solution_n be_v enclose_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n will_v not_o be_v freeze_v by_o they_o snow_n shut_v up_o alone_o thaw_v much_o more_o slow_o than_o that_o which_o be_v mix_v with_o salt_n or_o spirit_n no_o salt_n will_v promote_v the_o frigorifick_a quality_n of_o snow_n so_o far_o as_o to_o enable_v it_o to_o freeze_v which_o quicken_v not_o its_o dissolution_n neither_o crystal_n of_o tartar_n nor_o borax_n both_o beat_v to_o powder_n nor_o sublimate_n will_v enable_v snow_n to_o freeze_v as_o well_o as_o the_o powder_n of_o each_o lie_v undissolved_a in_o it_o 10._o water_n of_o quicklime_n be_v twice_o try_v will_v not_o freeze_v but_o only_o gather_v a_o dew_n on_o the_o outside_n yet_o the_o liquor_n be_v keep_v up_o 12_o month_n the_o spirit_n with_o which_o those_o water_n abound_v fly_v away_o 11._o oil_n of_o turpentine_n in_o which_o ice_n dissolve_v slow_a than_o in_o several_a other_o liquor_n enable_v not_o snow_n to_o freeze_v though_o spirit_n of_o wine_n shut_v up_o with_o snow_n in_o a_o bottle_n enable_v it_o to_o freeze_v powerful_o and_o to_o chrystalize_v even_o urine_n itself_o which_o may_v be_v take_v off_o in_o scale_n 12._o spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o snow_n be_v mix_v together_o in_o a_o just_a proportion_n freeze_v very_o powerful_o and_o speedy_o not_o only_a water_n but_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o weak_a spirit_n of_o salt_n the_o first_o of_o which_o retain_v its_o taste_n when_o freeze_v and_o the_o latter_a shot_n into_o crystal_n which_o lay_v across_o each_o other_o a_o solution_n of_o salarmoniack_a partly_o evaporate_v will_v shoot_v into_o crystal_n like_o comb_n and_o feather_n and_o salarmoniack_a distil_v from_o quicklime_n will_v shoot_v into_o branch_n almost_o like_o those_o so_o nimble_o that_o one_o eye_n may_v discern_v they_o to_o spread_v and_o increase_v the_o like_a experiment_n be_v try_v with_o wine_n and_o strong_a ale_n succeed_v but_o very_o faint_o 13._o since_o body_n general_o help_v snow_n to_o freeze_v which_o hasten_v its_o dissolution_n we_o throw_v into_o a_o vial_n which_o contain_v snow_n heat_a sand_n which_o enable_v it_o to_o cause_v a_o dew_n but_o not_o to_o freeze_v and_o warm_a water_n pour_v into_o another_o when_o it_o have_v be_v shake_v produce_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o cold_a and_o gather_v dew_n but_o freeze_v it_o not_o 14._o though_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o the_o hoar-froast_a on_o glass-window_n be_v only_a exsudation_n through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o freeze_v by_o the_o external_n cold_a yet_o it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v rather_o on_o the_o inside_n the_o glass_n the_o steam_n which_o rove_v up_o and_o down_o the_o room_n be_v condense_v by_o the_o external_n cold_a and_o freeze_v 15._o to_o show_v that_o the_o ice_n which_o appear_v on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o vial_n in_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n proceed_v not_o from_o any_o subtle_a part_n of_o the_o mixture_n penetrate_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o settle_v on_o the_o outside_n we_o find_v that_o four_o ounce_n and_o ¼_n of_o the_o mixture_n of_o ice_n and_o salt_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o vial_n by_o the_o access_n of_o dew_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o weight_n of_o it_o be_v increase_v 12_o grain_n another_o vial_n which_o contain_v two_o ounce_n six_o dram_fw-la and_o a_o half_a increase_v in_o weight_n 4_o grain_n the_o vial_n be_v unseal_v under_o water_n it_o suck_v in_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o it_o six_o ounce_n snow_n and_o salt_n be_v seal_v up_o in_o a_o glass_n the_o hoar-frost_n be_v wipe_v off_o but_o return_v again_o and_o the_o vial_n be_v counterpoise_v in_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n the_o vapour_n condense_v by_o the_o coldness_n of_o it_o in_o the_o time_n that_o the_o snow_n be_v melt_v weigh_v 10_o grain_n a_o like_a quantity_n of_o snow_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o single_a vial_n the_o outside_n be_v present_o cover_v with_o ice_n and_o in_o all_o it_o become_v 7_o grain_n heavy_a than_o before_o another_o time_n a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n which_o weigh_v 3_o ¾_n ounce_n afford_v 18_o grain_n of_o condense_a vapour_n and_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salgem_n which_o counterpoise_v 3_o ounce_n and_o 70_o grain_n upon_o a_o additional_a weight_n of_o condense_a vapour_n weigh_v 20_o grain_n more_o than_o before_o title_n ii_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v body_n dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v freeze_v of_o body_n dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v without_o any_o more_o than_o bare_o intimate_v that_o there_o be_v several_a body_n dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v by_o one_o degree_n of_o cold_a that_o be_v not_o with_o another_o i_o shall_v observe_v 1._o that_o in_o very_o cold_a snowy_a wether_n water_n urine_n beer_n ale_n milk_n vinegar_n french_a and_o rhenish_a wine_n be_v either_o total_o or_o partly_o turn_v into_o ice_n but_o beside_o these_o more_o obvious_a instance_n we_o freeze_v a_o solution_n of_o sugar_n and_o another_o of_o gum_n arabic_a in_o water_n a_o solution_n of_o alum_n nitre_n and_o vinegar_n freeze_v without_o afford_v any_o considerable_a phaenomena_n a_o solution_n of_o vitriol_n be_v in_o part_n freeze_v and_o in_o part_n unfreeze_v that_o which_o be_v freeze_v being_n not_o much_o different_a in_o colour_n from_o water_n but_o the_o unfreeze_v part_n be_v of_o a_o very_a high_a vitriol-colour_n 2._o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n expose_v to_o a_o intense_a fire_n both_o of_o they_o freeze_v 3._o a_o drachm_n of_o salt_n of_o pot-ash_n be_v dissolve_v in_o two_o ounce_n of_o water_n present_o freeze_v in_o a_o intense_a cold_a and_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la or_o at_o least_o a_o solution_n of_o the_o fix_a salt_n of_o tartar_n be_v congeal_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n appendix_n to_o the_o ii_o title_n oil_n become_v much_o more_o hard_a in_o muscovy_n than_o here_o in_o england_n in_o the_o most_o excessive_a cold_n but_o will_v in_o neither_o be_v turn_v into_o perfect_a ice_n and_o captain_n james_n speak_v of_o a_o island_n where_o he_o and_o his_o man_n be_v force_v to_o winter_n pag._n 58_o say_v all_z our_o sack_n vinegar_n oil_n and_o every_o thing_n else_o that_o be_v liquid_a be_v now_o freeze_v as_o hard_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o wood_n and_o we_o must_v cut_v it_o with_o a_o hatchet_n and_o olaus_n magnus_n gent._n sept._n hist_o l._n 11._o c._n 24_o say_v speak_v of_o the_o fight_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v on_o the_o ice_n in_o the_o northern_a region_n glacialis_fw-la congressus_fw-la fit_a in_fw-la laneis_fw-la calcibus_fw-la non_fw-la pellibus_fw-la aut_fw-la coriis_fw-la unctis_fw-la vis_fw-fr enim_fw-la frigoris_fw-la quodcunque_fw-la fit_a unctuosum_fw-la convertit_fw-la in_o lubricitatem_fw-la glacialem_fw-la there_o be_v a_o great_a similitude_n betwixt_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o inflammability_n and_o be_v dispose_v to_o mix_v with_o oily_a body_n and_o as_o great_a a_o aptitude_n in_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n to_o mix_v with_o other_o liquor_n i_o inquire_v of_o the_o russian_a emperor_n physician_n what_o alteration_n he_o have_v observe_v to_o be_v produce_v by_o cold_a in_o muscovy_n to_o which_o he_o answer_v that_o aniseed_n and_o other_o weak_a spirit_n will_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o imperfect_a kind_n of_o ice_n and_o that_o strong_a one_o will_v turn_v ice_n into_o a_o kind_n of_o substance_n like_o oil_n particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o ii_o title_n 1_o in_o a_o very_a hard_a frost_n in_o december_n a_o solution_n of_o minium_n near_o the_o fire_n seem_v to_o be_v freeze_v though_o it_o be_v make_v with_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o so_o strong_a that_o part_n of_o it_o be_v shoot_v into_o saccharum_n saturni_n some_o at_o the_o top_n which_o be_v yellow_a do_v not_o freeze_v though_o pour_v out_o 2._o a_o solution_n of_o gold_n make_v with_o salt_n be_v likewise_o freeze_v as_o also_o a_o pint-vial_n full_a of_o the_o tincture_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la which_o be_v freeze_v the_o ice_n have_v no_o such_o colour_n as_o the_o tincture_n 3._o it_o be_v report_v that_o in_o russia_n brandy_n will_v freeze_v but_o the_o ice_n of_o it_o be_v
mention_v viz._n egg_n suspend_v under_o water_n it_o appear_v that_o cold_a act_n on_o every_o side_n the_o shell_n be_v whole_o incrustate_v with_o ice_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o title_n i_o shall_v in_o order_n to_o facilitate_v some_o experiment_n hereafter_o to_o be_v make_v advertise_v that_o whereas_o in_o common_a experiment_n water_v natural_o beginning_n to_o freeze_v at_o the_o top_n and_o that_o ice_n confine_v the_o subjacent_a water_n so_o that_o when_o freeze_v it_o have_v not_o room_n to_o expand_v i_o say_v whereas_o in_o such_o case_n the_o glass_n be_v subject_a to_o break_v to_o prevent_v such_o ill_a consequence_n i_o lay_v the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n first_o about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o water_n beginning_n to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n the_o water_n be_v raise_v up_o above_o it_o and_o as_o the_o salt_n and_o ice_n be_v raise_v high_a about_o the_o glass_n so_o the_o ice_n gradual_o rise_v without_o danger_n of_o break_v the_o bottle_n to_o this_o advertisement_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o i_o only_o at_o the_o first_o lie_v the_o mixture_n about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n yet_o to_o keep_v the_o water_n above_o cool_a i_o usual_o put_v ice_n itself_o or_o snow_n either_o of_o which_o will_v succeed_v in_o these_o experiment_n above_o that_o mixture_n title_n vi_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v the_o preservation_n and_o destruction_n of_o egg_n apple_n and_o other_o body_n by_o cold._n cold._n of_o the_o preservation_n of_o body_n by_o cold._n it_o be_v a_o common_a tradition_n that_o if_o egg_n or_o apple_n be_v thaw_v near_o the_o fire_n it_o spoil_v they_o but_o if_o they_o be_v immerse_v in_o cold_a water_n they_o thaw_v slow_o without_o damage_n to_o try_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o tradition_n i_o make_v the_o follow_a experiment_n a_o egg_n which_o weigh_v 12_o drachm_n and_o a_o grain_n be_v wrap_v in_o a_o wax_v paper_n to_o defend_v it_o from_o the_o thaw_v snow_n be_v freeze_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n and_o then_o want_v 4_o grain_n of_o its_o former_a weight_n it_o be_v put_v into_o a_o basin_n of_o water_n it_o acquire_v such_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n about_o it_o as_o increase_v the_o weight_n to_o 15_o drachm_n and_o 9_o grain_n and_o the_o ice_n be_v take_v off_o and_o the_o egg_n dry_v it_o weigh_v 12_o drachm_n and_o 12_o grain_n be_v break_v we_o find_v it_o almost_o thaw_v when_o freeze_v it_o swim_v in_o the_o water_n but_o when_o thaw_v it_o sink_v we_o take_v two_o egg_n well_o freeze_v and_o place_v they_o both_o at_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o fire_n the_o one_o be_v put_v into_o water_n and_o the_o other_o lay_v on_o a_o table_n when_o that_o in_o the_o water_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n we_o take_v it_o out_o and_o break_v it_o find_v that_o the_o yolk_n and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o white_a be_v thaw_v but_o the_o other_o egg_n be_v cut_v asunder_o the_o white_a be_v whole_o freeze_v and_o the_o yolk_n hard_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v overboil_v there_o likewise_o appear_v in_o it_o certain_a concentrical_a circle_n of_o different_a colour_n and_o a_o very_a white_a speck_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v try_v a_o second_o time_n we_o be_v confirm_v in_o our_o persuasion_n that_o freeze_a egg_n will_v thaw_v soon_o in_o cold_a water_n than_o in_o the_o open_a air._n a_o egg_n be_v suspend_v in_o water_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n equal_o thick_a on_o all_o side_n freeze_a pippin_n be_v put_v into_o a_o basin_n of_o water_n be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n of_o a_o considerable_a thickness_n where_o it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o that_o part_n of_o the_o pippin_n which_o be_v immerse_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o much_o thick_a crust_n than_o that_o which_o be_v above_o it_o 2._o the_o extant_a part_n seem_v hard_a than_o the_o immersed_a 3._o those_o in_o the_o water_n be_v thaw_v but_o one_o that_o lie_v out_o of_o it_o be_v much_o hard_a and_o more_o freeze_v 4._o neither_o the_o freeze_a egg_n or_o apple_n condense_v and_o freeze_v the_o air_n though_o they_o incrustate_v the_o water_n egg_n be_v freeze_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n till_o they_o crack_v we_o put_v one_o into_o milk_n two_o into_o a_o glass_n of_o beer_n and_o two_o more_o into_o a_o large_a glass_n of_o sack_n but_o produce_v no_o ice_n egg_n be_v put_v into_o vinegar_n produce_v no_o ice_n but_o the_o vinegar_n corrode_v the_o eggshell_n a_o cheese_n immerse_v in_o water_n in_o a_o cold_a country_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n but_o lump_n of_o iron_n piece_n of_o glass_n and_o stone_n be_v keep_v long_o in_o snow_n and_o salt_n than_o be_v sufficient_a to_o freeze_v egg_n produce_v no_o ice_n in_o water_n water_n be_v pour_v into_o a_o bottle_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o north-east_n side_n of_o our_o elaborotory_n part_v of_o it_o be_v present_o turn_v into_o ice_n ice_n and_o juice_n of_o pippin_n shake_v together_o in_o a_o vial_n produce_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o dew_n and_o so_o do_v ice_n beat_v into_o a_o liquor_n with_o the_o white_a of_o a_o egg._n pippin_n be_v much_o better_o when_o thaw_v in_o cold_a water_n than_o hasty_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o cold_a northern_a climate_n that_o when_o they_o have_v come_v out_o of_o extreme_a cold_a too_o hasty_o to_o the_o fire_n it_o have_v raise_v blister_n wherefore_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o the_o more_o careful_a sort_n to_o wash_v their_o hand_n or_o other_o freeze_a part_n in_o cold_a water_n or_o snow_n before_o they_o approach_v the_o fire_n i_o be_o tell_v by_o one_o that_o cheese_n be_v freeze_v in_o muscovy_n those_o thaw_v in_o water_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n but_o be_v much_o better_a than_o other_o thaw_v in_o a_o stove_n and_o guilielmus_fw-la fabritius_n hildanus_n cap._n 10._o de_fw-la gangraena_fw-la &_o sphacelo_fw-la give_v a_o account_n of_o a_o man_n who_o be_v successful_o thaw_v and_o crust_v over_o with_o ice_n as_o our_o apple_n and_o egg_n be_v though_o a_o moderate_a degree_n of_o cold_a preserve_v body_n from_o putrefaction_n yet_o glaciation_n leave_v they_o more_o subject_a to_o it_o upon_o a_o thaw_n though_o whilst_o they_o be_v in_o that_o state_n they_o putrify_v not_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o cold_a under_o glaciation_n hinder_v body_n from_o corruption_n i_o shall_v allege_v the_o follow_a instance_n bartholinus_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la nivis_fw-la say_v p._n 80._o regii_fw-la mutinenses_n nivem_fw-la hoc_fw-la sine_fw-la arcte_fw-la compactam_fw-la servant_n in_o cellis_fw-la nivariis_fw-la in_fw-la quibus_fw-la fervente_fw-la aestate_fw-la vidi_fw-la carnes_z mactatorum_fw-la animalium_fw-la a_o putredine_fw-la diu_fw-la se_fw-la conservasse_fw-la and_o capt._n james_n in_o his_o journal_n p._n 74._o have_v these_o word_n by_o the_o nine_o of_o may_v we_o be_v come_v to_o and_o get_v up_o our_o five_o barrel_n of_o beef_n and_o pork_n and_o have_v four_o butt_n of_o beer_n and_o one_o of_o cider_n it_o have_v lie_v under_o water_n all_o the_o winter_n yet_o we_o can_v not_o perceive_v that_o it_o be_v any_o thing_n the_o worse_o p._n 79._o he_o farther_o say_v that_o a_o cable_n have_v lie_v under_o ice_n all_o winter_n be_v not_o in_o june_n find_v a_o jot_n the_o worse_o and_o from_o simlerus_n his_o account_n of_o the_o alps_o it_o appear_v that_o entire_a body_n may_v be_v preserve_v by_o snow_n without_o glaciation_n refert_fw-la say_v bartholinus_n speak_v of_o he_o p._n 79._o de_fw-la figurativis_fw-la in_o rhetis_n apud_fw-la rinwaldios_fw-la nivium_fw-la è_fw-la monte_fw-fr ruentium_fw-la mole_n sylvam_fw-la &_o proceras_fw-la abietes_fw-la dejecisse_fw-la accidisse_fw-la etiam_fw-la helvetio_fw-la milite_fw-la per_fw-la alps_n iter_fw-la faciente_fw-la ut_fw-la 60_o homines_fw-la &_o plures_fw-la eadem_fw-la nivis_fw-la conglobatione_fw-la opprimerentur_fw-la hoc_fw-la igitur_fw-la nivium_fw-la tumulo_fw-la sepulti_fw-la ad_fw-la tempus_fw-la aestatis_fw-la delitescunt_fw-la quo_fw-la soluto_fw-la nonnihil_fw-la nive_n deciduâ_fw-la corpora_fw-la mortua_fw-la inviolata_fw-la patent_n si_fw-la ab_fw-la amiciss_fw-la vel_fw-la transeuntibus_fw-la quaerantur_fw-la vidimus_fw-la ipsi_fw-la triste_fw-fr hoc_fw-la spectaculum_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o prove_v that_o inanimate_a body_n whilst_o freeze_v be_v not_o subject_a to_o putrefaction_n i_o shall_v bring_v several_a instance_n nor_o indeed_o be_v it_o much_o wonder_n since_o whether_o glaciation_n proceed_v from_o intrude_a swarm_n of_o frigorifick_a atom_n wedge_v in_o betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n or_o whether_o we_o suppose_v it_o to_o arise_v from_o a_o avolition_n of_o those_o restless_a particle_n which_o before_o keep_v the_o body_n fluid_fw-la or_o soft_a we_o must_v suppose_v a_o unusual_a rest_n and_o consequent_o the_o concomitant_a cause_n of_o corruption_n
the_o water_n will_v subside_o in_o a_o stream_n through_o the_o spirit_n in_o warm_a water_n the_o ice_n will_v swim_v but_o in_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o the_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n it_o will_v sink_v like_o a_o stone_n 3._o a_o piece_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v clear_a from_o bubble_n for_o as_o much_o as_o we_o can_v discern_v and_o very_o transparent_a will_v not_o sink_v in_o water_n but_o another_o piece_n which_o in_o a_o microscope_n appear_v to_o be_v full_a of_o bubble_n be_v nevertheless_o transparent_a and_o will_v float_v on_o water_n 4._o that_o the_o levity_n and_o expansion_n of_o ice_n depend_v on_o the_o number_n of_o bubble_n disperse_v through_o it_o be_v unquestionable_a but_o how_o it_o come_v by_o those_o bubble_n be_v a_o matter_n that_o deserve_v our_o inquiry_n and_o though_o mr_n hobbes_n attribute_n it_o to_o the_o intrusion_n of_o some_o external_a airy_a part_n yet_o we_o observe_v that_o water_n defend_v from_o the_o intrusion_n of_o external_a air_n be_v not_o without_o bubble_n when_o freeze_v in_o a_o glass_n hermetical_o seal_v but_o be_v expanded_a the_o numerous_a bubble_n disperse_v through_o it_o give_v it_o a_o whitish_a opacity_n and_o the_o same_o phaenomena_n be_v afford_v by_o ice_n freeze_v in_o metalline_a vessel_n 5._o and_o that_o the_o ice_n freeze_v in_o the_o hermetical_o seal_a glass_n receive_v not_o its_o bubble_n from_o the_o air_n shut_v up_o with_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o believe_v first_o since_o the_o water_n must_v be_v expanded_a before_o it_o can_v divide_v that_o air_n into_o bubble_n second_o that_o the_o air_n in_o the_o seal_a glass_n can_v be_v disperse_v through_o the_o ice_n and_o thereby_o cause_v it_o to_o expand_v appear_v since_o oftentimes_o it_o be_v so_o far_o compress_v by_o the_o swell_a ice_n that_o it_o break_v the_o glass_n which_o it_o will_v not_o do_v can_v it_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o ice_n and_o disperse_v through_o the_o freeze_a water_n but_o three_o be_v the_o expansion_n of_o ice_n to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o insinuation_n of_o airy_a part_n it_o may_v be_v question_v how_o when_o liquor_n begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n first_o the_o air_n which_o be_v so_o many_o time_n light_a than_o water_n can_v dive_v into_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o and_o that_o too_o without_o be_v see_v four_o if_o the_o bubble_n contain_v in_o ice_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o external_a air_n depress_v through_o freeze_a water_n ice_n thaw_v will_v yield_v air_n enough_o to_o fill_v as_o much_o space_n as_o the_o freeze_a water_n possess_v more_o than_o the_o thaw_a water_n 6._o that_o the_o bubble_n contain_v in_o freeze_a water_n be_v not_o adequate_o fill_v with_o air_n though_o sometime_o the_o air_n that_o they_o contain_v be_v afford_v by_o those_o airy_a part_n disperse_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o water_n and_o that_o they_o be_v often_o generate_v numerous_o notwithstanding_o a_o recess_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o air_n will_v appear_v from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n i._o water_n free_v from_o bubble_n in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it and_o afterward_o convey_v into_o a_o frigorifick_a mixture_n expanded_a not_o so_o much_o as_o common_a water_n nor_o be_v the_o ice_n near_o so_o full_a of_o bubble_n ii_o water_n which_o have_v be_v free_v from_o bubble_n in_o our_o prismatical_a engine_n be_v freeze_v contain_v few_o bubble_n but_o be_v thaw_v and_o then_o pour_v into_o a_o glass-cylind_a it_o be_v powerful_o expanded_a so_o far_o as_o to_o burst_v the_o glass_n iii_o a_o glass-egg_n with_o a_o narrow_a stem_n be_v fill_v so_o far_o with_o water_n that_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o rise_v a_o inch_n within_o the_o stem_n it_o be_v convey_v into_o a_o receiver_n and_o whilst_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v bubble_n rise_v so_o plentiful_o that_o the_o liquor_n seem_v to_o boil_v which_o when_o it_o be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n clear_v of_o we_o place_v it_o in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n and_o observe_v that_o the_o expanded_a liquor_n be_v freeze_v have_v rise_v a_o great_a way_n above_o its_o first_o height_n when_o it_o be_v place_v in_o the_o open_a air_n of_o such_o a_o temper_n as_o make_v it_o thaw_v leisurely_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o exterior_a part_n of_o the_o ice_n be_v full_a of_o bubble_n but_o when_o that_o be_v dissolve_v the_o ice_n in_o the_o middle_n be_v of_o a_o unusual_a texture_n be_v void_a of_o bubble_n and_o not_o unlike_o a_o frost_a piece_n of_o glass_n who_o asperety_n be_v very_o thick_o set_v when_o the_o ice_n be_v almost_o thaw_v we_o convey_v the_o bubble_n into_o the_o receiver_n but_o though_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v we_o perceive_v not_o that_o the_o ice_n be_v soon_o melt_v but_o the_o water_n afford_v a_o few_o bubble_n and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n some_o few_o appear_v in_o the_o ice_n when_o the_o ice_n be_v whole_o thaw_v we_o take_v the_o glass-bubble_n out_o of_o the_o receiver_n and_o find_v that_o the_o water_n have_v subside_v to_o its_o first_o mark_n if_o not_o a_o little_a below_o it_o so_o that_o the_o water_n when_o expanded_a rise_v three_o inch_n in_o the_o stem_n and_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a water_n be_v but_o two_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a the_o ice_n seem_v to_o take_v up_o about_o a_o twelve_o part_n more_o than_o the_o unfreeze_v water_n 7._o a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n be_v immerse_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o ice_n and_o salt_n and_o that_o convey_v into_o a_o receiver_n we_o find_v that_o when_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v and_o the_o water_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n free_v from_o bubble_n the_o surface_n of_o it_o be_v considerable_o raise_v the_o water_n in_o the_o bottom_n be_v turn_v into_o ice_n as_o far_o as_o the_o mixture_n wrought_v in_o which_o we_o perceive_v beside_o a_o few_o large_a bubble_n small_a one_o enough_o to_o render_v it_o opacous_a 8._o to_o show_v that_o the_o bubble_n perceivable_a in_o ice_n be_v not_o fill_v with_o true_a and_o springy_a air_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a experiment_n we_o place_v a_o glass-egg_n which_o be_v about_o as_o large_a again_o as_o a_o ordinary_a egg_n in_o a_o mixture_n of_o ice_n and_o salt_n the_o cavity_n of_o it_o be_v fiill_v with_o water_n which_o rise_v up_o into_o the_o neck_n stand_v about_o a_o inch_n above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n which_o circumscribe_v it_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v large_a enough_o to_o receive_v the_o end_n of_o my_o finger_n the_o particular_n afford_v by_o this_o experiment_n be_v i._o the_o water_n do_v not_o sensible_o subside_o before_o it_o begin_v to_o freeze_v ii_o some_o part_n of_o it_o begin_v to_o swell_v in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n iii_o in_o a_o hour_n the_o liquor_n rise_v 4_o 2_o 9_o inch_n and_o continue_v to_o rise_v till_o it_o be_v above_o five_o inch_n ½_n when_o we_o take_v it_o out_o iv_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n be_v below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n it_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n first_o leave_v the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n uncongeal_v v._n no_o bubble_n appear_v in_o the_o water_n though_o the_o ice_n be_v full_a of_o they_o some_o be_v as_o large_a as_o small_a pease_n vi_o we_o pour_v as_o much_o salad-oil_n upon_o the_o water_n as_o wrought_v two_o inch_n in_o the_o stem_n and_o then_o hermetical_o seal_v the_o end_n of_o it_o up_o the_o water_n subside_v a_o little_a but_o be_v present_o raise_v again_o to_o its_o former_a height_n in_o the_o mixture_n about_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a of_o the_o stem_n remain_v above_o the_o oil_n fill_v with_o air._n vii_o the_o glass-egg_n be_v weigh_v first_o in_o air_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o water_n poise_v with_o its_o opposite_a weight_n viii_o upon_o the_o thaw_v of_o the_o ice_n several_a bubble_n rise_v which_o vanish_v at_o the_o top_n ix_o the_o water_n be_v thaw_v the_o aequilibrium_fw-la continue_v the_o same_o and_o subside_v to_o its_o first_o mark_n and_o no_o low_o though_o it_o have_v part_v with_o so_o many_o bubble_n x._o the_o glass_n be_v invert_v the_o seal_a end_n be_v break_v off_o under_o water_n upon_o which_o some_o of_o it_o be_v force_v up_o into_o the_o pipe_n press_v the_o contain_v air_n into_o less_o room_n than_o before_o xi_o the_o water_n and_o the_o oil_n possess_v the_o same_o place_n that_o they_o do_v before_o xii_o the_o oil_n be_v throw_v out_o and_o so_o much_o water_n put_v into_o the_o stem_n as_o raise_v the_o surface_n as_o high_a as_o it_o be_v raise_v by_o glaciation_n the_o glass_n weigh_v 4374_o grain_n when_o fill_v to_o the_o low_a mark_n it_o weigh_v 4152_o and_o when_o empty_a 1032_o so_o that_o the_o water_n contain_v betwixt_o the_o two_o
and_o bay-salt_n strew_v on_o some_o part_n of_o they_o they_o promote_v the_o melt_a of_o the_o ice_n so_o much_o that_o they_o bury_v themselves_o in_o it_o but_o the_o part_n thaw_v by_o this_o mean_n be_v so_o incorporate_v with_o and_o freeze_v to_o the_o stool_n that_o we_o can_v not_o separate_v they_o without_o knock_v they_o in_o piece_n at_o another_o time_n salt_n throw_v upon_o ice_n make_v a_o crackle_v noise_n and_o by_o a_o candle-light_n several_a steam_n be_v observe_v to_o rise_v from_o they_o like_v from_o some_o hot_a liquor_n a_o few_o drop_n of_o aquafortis_n drop_v upon_o plate_n of_o ice_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n the_o latter_a soon_o penetrate_v but_o the_o former_a with_o more_o noise_n as_o if_o the_o ice_n be_v crack_v 5._o olaus_n magnus_n gent._n septentr_n hist_o lib._n 1._o cap._n 14_o say_v of_o the_o strength_n of_o ice_n glacies_fw-la primae_fw-la &_o mediae_fw-la byemis_fw-la adâ—ò_fw-la fortis_fw-la &_o tenax_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la spissitudine_fw-la seu_fw-la densitate_fw-la duorum_fw-la digitorum_fw-la sufferat_fw-la hominem_fw-la ambulantem_fw-la trium_fw-la verò_fw-la digitorum_fw-la equestrem_fw-la armatum_fw-la unius_fw-la palmae_fw-la &_o dimidiae_fw-la turmas_fw-la vel_fw-la exercitus_fw-la militares_fw-la trium_fw-la vel_fw-la quatuor_fw-la palmarum_fw-la integram_fw-la legionem_fw-la vel_fw-la myriadem_fw-la populorum_fw-la quemadmodùm_fw-la inferius_fw-la de_fw-la bellis_fw-la hyemalibus_fw-la memorandum_n erit_fw-la but_o this_o account_n be_v the_o less_o satisfactory_a because_o he_o tell_v we_o not_o how_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o shore_n this_o weight_n will_v be_v bear_v for_o the_o weight_n of_o one_o man_n may_v be_v much_o great_a at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o shore_n than_o of_o more_o upon_o or_o near_o the_o side_n since_o the_o shore_n have_v there_o a_o great_a strength_n to_o support_v it_o 6._o purchas_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 13_o say_v that_o the_o ice_n in_o russia_n be_v as_o hard_o as_o a_o rock_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o same_o lib._n 4._o cap._n 13._o p._n 813_o that_o the_o ice_n which_o float_v in_o the_o sea_n be_v take_v up_o and_o thaw_v yield_v fresh_a water_n but_o whether_o it_o consist_v of_o a_o accumulation_n of_o fresh_a particle_n in_o the_o sea_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o collection_n of_o ice_n carry_v thither_o from_o some_o fresh_a water_n i_o much_o question_n since_o the_o main_a ocean_n be_v seldom_o freeze_v and_o especial_o since_o purchas_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 7._o say_v that_o the_o float_a ice_n near_o nova_n zembla_n which_o close_v up_o the_o straight_a of_o weigals_n flow_v down_o from_o the_o river_n oby_n and_o jenesre_n and_o several_a other_o 7._o as_o for_o the_o bigness_n of_o some_o piece_n of_o ice_n they_o seem_v almost_o incredible_a the_o dutch_a in_o their_o voyage_n to_o nova_n zembla_n take_v notice_n of_o one_o 96_o foot_n high_a and_o capt._n james_n have_v meet_v with_o some_o as_o deep_a under_o water_n beside_o what_o float_v above_o and_o some_o much_o high_a and_o purchas_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 18._o p._n 837._o tell_v we_o of_o a_o mountain_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v 140_o fathom_n high_a as_o for_o the_o length_n of_o these_o piece_n of_o ice_n all_o that_o i_o can_v meet_v with_o be_v a_o observation_n of_o capt._n james_n who_o measure_v a_o piece_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v 1000_o pace_n long_o 8._o as_o for_o the_o bigness_n of_o concrete_a piece_n of_o ice_n mr._n hall_n in_o his_o voyage_n to_o greenland_n take_v notice_n of_o one_o 24_o mile_n long_o and_o by_o another_o a_o vast_a tract_n of_o ice_n have_v be_v observe_v which_o be_v so_o long_o that_o the_o bound_n of_o it_o can_v not_o be_v discover_v from_o a_o indifferent_a high_a hill_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v what_o the_o french_a hydrographer_n fournier_n relate_v in_o his_o passage_n to_o canada_n that_o he_o meet_v with_o some_o piece_n of_o ice_n as_o big_a as_o mountain_n other_o as_o ship_n and_o one_o 80_o league_n long_o in_o some_o place_n plain_a and_o in_o other_o unequal_a with_o high_a mountain_n and_o olaus_n magnus_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 2._o pag._n 384._o say_v neque_fw-la minori_fw-la bellandi_fw-la impetu_fw-la sueci_fw-la &_o gothi_n super_fw-la aperta_fw-la glacie_n quam_fw-la in_o ipsa_fw-la solidissima_fw-la terra_fw-la confligunt_fw-la imò_fw-la ut_fw-la prius_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la ubi_fw-la antea_fw-la aestivo_fw-la tempore_fw-la acerrima_fw-la commissa_fw-la sunt_fw-la bella_fw-la navalia_fw-la iisdem_fw-la in_o locis_fw-la glacie_n concretâ_fw-la aciebus_fw-la militari_fw-la modo_fw-la constructis_fw-la bombardis_n ordinatis_fw-la habentur_fw-la horrendi_fw-la conflictus_fw-la adeò_fw-la solida_fw-la glacies_fw-la est_fw-la in_o equestribus_fw-la turmis_fw-la sufferendis_fw-la ampliter_fw-la vel_fw-la strictè_fw-la collocatis_fw-la and_o it_o be_v know_v to_o we_o all_o that_o not_o long_o since_o the_o king_n of_o sweedland_n and_o his_o whole_a army_n march_v over_o the_o sea_n to_o zeeland_n where_o copenhagen_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o denmark_n stand_v and_o bartholinus_n de_fw-fr nivis_fw-la usu_fw-la take_v notice_n that_o in_o the_o eastern_a region_n the_o sea_n have_v be_v freeze_v a_o considerable_a depth_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o glycas_n apud_fw-la fournier_n lib._n 9_o cap._n 19_o observe_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 775_o the_o mediterranean_a be_v freeze_v for_o 50_o league_n 30_o cubit_n thick_a upon_o which_o as_o much_o snow_n fall_v as_o raise_v it_o 30_o cubit_n above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n 9_o to_o what_o instance_n we_o have_v already_o recite_v we_o shall_v add_v that_o of_o the_o dutchman_n in_o their_o voyage_n viz._n that_o some_o piece_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v 18_o fathom_n below_o water_n and_o ten_o above_o be_v very_o blue_a the_o like_a to_o which_o capt._n james_n take_v notice_n of_o and_o virgil_n speak_v of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n say_v caerulea_fw-la glacie_n concreta_fw-la atque_fw-la imbribus_fw-la atris_fw-la 10._o in_o the_o spring_n the_o ice_n be_v observe_v by_o olaus_n magnus_n to_o be_v much_o less_o compact_a than_o in_o the_o winter_n and_o it_o be_v attest_v by_o the_o same_o and_o also_o by_o mr._n james_n hall_n in_o his_o voyage_n that_o when_o these_o rock_n of_o ice_n break_v they_o make_v a_o vast_a noise_n and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v by_o other_o and_o though_o olaus_n magnus_n attribute_n the_o cleave_v of_o these_o rock_n of_o ice_n to_o the_o effect_n which_o warm_a exhalation_n have_v upon_o they_o yet_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o sometime_o they_o be_v observe_v to_o fly_v in_o piece_n upon_o excessive_a cold._n particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o xv_o title_n 1._o a_o decoction_n of_o sage_n rosemary_n and_o parsley_n be_v expose_v to_o be_v freeze_v in_o distinct_a vessel_n the_o superficies_n of_o the_o former_a be_v very_o rough_a juice_n of_o lemon_n freeze_v represent_v tree_n without_o leave_n 2._o hard_a ice_n beat_v and_o common_a salt_n be_v mix_v together_o afford_v white_a fume_n like_o smoke_n though_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v in_o a_o close_a room_n snow-water_n freeze_v in_o ice_n and_o salt_n afford_v a_o ice_n very_o transparent_a and_o with_o minute_n bubble_n 3._o ice_n partly_o powder_v and_o in_o part_n gross_o beat_v be_v mix_v with_o bay-salt_n when_o the_o mixture_n be_v stir_v afford_v a_o sensible_a smoke_n which_o be_v great_a or_o less_o as_o the_o mixture_n be_v more_o or_o less_o stir_v and_o float_v over_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o vessel_n rather_o sink_v than_o rise_v just_a as_o the_o fume_n do_v from_o a_o cloth_n dip_v in_o aq._n fortis_fw-la and_o hang_v up_o to_o dry_a 4._o i_o be_o tell_v by_o one_o who_o be_v in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n that_o he_o supply_v himself_o with_o fresh_a water_n from_o the_o ice_n by_o dig_v pit_n in_o it_o and_o the_o same_o person_n tell_v i_o that_o he_o have_v observe_v piece_n of_o ice_n 50_o fathom_v deep_a which_o be_v not_o above_o a_o ten_o part_n above_o water_n he_o likewise_o observe_v near_o the_o coast_n of_o greenland_n the_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n to_o be_v 22_o degree_n and_o a_o little_a time_n after_o scarce_o any_o thing_n at_o all_o he_o tell_v i_o further_o that_o sail_v in_o the_o main_a sea_n in_o the_o height_n of_o 77_o degree_n his_o ship_n be_v surround_v with_o ice_n till_o the_o seven_o of_o june_n and_o the_o ice_n open_v he_o fail_v through_o it_o part_v of_o it_o pass_v along_o towards_o hudson_n strait_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o these_o mountain_n of_o ice_n much_o weaken_v the_o strength_n of_o wind_n insomuch_o that_o if_o they_o be_v drive_v near_o they_o by_o a_o storm_n the_o wind_n be_v so_o much_o quash_v that_o they_o immediate_o find_v a_o calm_a title_n xvi_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v the_o duration_n of_o ice_n and_o snow_n and_o the_o destroy_n of_o they_o by_o the_o air_n and_o several_a liquor_n snow_n what_o liquor_n soon_o dissolve_v ice_n and_o
snow_n to_o discover_v what_o liquor_n ice_n will_v be_v soon_o dissolve_v in_o we_o contrive_v to_o freeze_v water_n in_o a_o long_o cylinder_n which_o be_v loosen_v by_o apply_v a_o warm_a hand_n we_o divide_v some_o into_o piece_n ¼_n of_o a_o inch_n long_o and_o other_o into_o inch_n and_o our_o experiment_n be_v make_v with_o these_o cylindrical_a piece_n of_o ice_n in_o the_o first_o trial_n 1._o in_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n a_o cylindrical_a piece_n of_o ice_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o length_n last_v 5_o minute_n 2._o in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n 12_o minute_n 3._o in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la 12_o ½_n 4._o in_o water_n 12_o minute_n 5._o in_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n about_o 44_o minute_n 6._o in_o air_n 64_o minute_n the_o second_o trial_n 1._o in_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n a_o inch_n of_o cylindrical_a ice_n last_v undissolve_v 3_o minute_n 2._o in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n 13_o minute_n 3._o in_o water_n 26_o minute_n 4._o in_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n 47_o minute_n 5._o in_o salad-oil_n 52_o minute_n 6._o in_o air_n 152_o minute_n 2._o we_o likewise_o think_v it_o worth_a while_n to_o try_v what_o difference_n there_o will_v be_v in_o the_o duration_n of_o piece_n of_o ice_n of_o the_o same_o bulk_n and_o figure_n but_o of_o different_a liquor_n as_o also_o whether_o attrition_n will_v contribute_v to_o the_o dissolution_n of_o ice_n which_o iobserved_a it_o do_v whence_o it_o appear_v that_o as_o the_o agent_n contiguous_a to_o ice_n be_v different_a they_o dissolve_v its_o texture_n soon_o or_o late_a and_o if_o snow_n or_o ice_n be_v keep_v in_o a_o place_n where_o neither_o the_o sun_n nor_o the_o air_n have_v much_o influence_n upon_o it_o it_o will_v continue_v a_o long_a time_n a_o appendix_n to_o the_o xvi_o title_n 1._o in_o confirmation_n of_o what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o close_a of_o this_o title_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a account_n of_o the_o italian_a conservatory_n send_v i_o by_o my_o ingenious_a friend_n mr._n j._n evelyn_n the_o snow-pit_n in_o italy_n etc._n etc._n be_v sink_v in_o the_o most_o solitary_a and_o cool_v place_n common_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o some_o mountain_n or_o elevate_a ground_n which_o may_v best_o protect_v they_o from_o the_o meridional_a or_o occidental_a sun_n 25_o foot_n wide_a at_o the_o orifice_n and_o about_o 50_o deep_a be_v esteem_v a_o competent_a proportion_n and_o though_o this_o be_v excavate_v in_o a_o conical_a form_n yet_o it_o be_v make_v flat_a at_o the_o bottom_n or_o point_n the_o side_n of_o the_o pit_n be_v so_o joyce_v that_o board_n may_v be_v nail_v upon_o they_o very_o close_o joint_v about_o a_o yard_n from_o the_o bottom_n be_v fix_v a_o strong_a frame_n or_o tresle_n upon_o which_o lie_v a_o wooden_a grate_n the_o top_n or_o cover_n be_v double_a thatch_a with_o reed_n or_o straw_n upon_o a_o copped_a frame_n or_o roof_n in_o one_o of_o the_o side_n whereof_o be_v a_o narrow_a door-case_n hip_v on_o like_o the_o top_n of_o the_o dormer_n and_o thatch_a to_o conserve_v snow_n they_o lay_v clean_a straw_n upon_o the_o grate_n or_o wattle_v so_o as_o to_o keep_v the_o snow_n from_o run_v through_o whilst_o they_o beat_v it_o to_o a_o hard_a cake_n of_o a_o icy_a consistence_n which_o be_v near_o one_o foot_n thick_a upon_o this_o they_o make_v a_o layer_n of_o straw_n and_o then_o snow_n and_o straw_n again_o and_o continue_v s.s.s._n till_o the_o pit_n be_v full_a and_o then_o lay_v straw_n or_o reed_n upon_o all_o they_o keep_v the_o door_n lock_v this_o grate_n be_v so_o contrive_v that_o the_o snow_n melt_v by_o any_o accident_n in_o lay_v or_o extraordinary_a season_n of_o wether_n it_o may_v drain_v away_o from_o the_o mass_n and_o sink_v without_o stagnate_n upon_o it_o which_o will_v accelerate_v the_o dissolution_n and_o therefore_o the_o bottom_n be_v but_o very_o slight_o steen_v etc._n etc._n 2._o and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o dutchman_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o nova_n zembla_n that_o in_o june_n the_o sun_n be_v not_o powerful_a enough_o to_o melt_v snow_n and_o even_o in_o warm_a climate_n where_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n be_v not_o so_o considerable_a snow_n continue_v unthaw_v all_o summer_n as_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o alps_o and_o other_o high_a mountain_n and_o capt._n james_n observe_v that_o in_o august_n ice_n that_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o sunbeam_n continue_v unmelted_a 8_o day_n or_o more_o and_o the_o same_o author_n observe_v that_o the_o very_a ground_n be_v freeze_v in_o june_n title_n xvii_o consideration_n and_o experiment_n concern_v the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la of_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la 1._o tho_o several_a sect_n of_o philosopher_n have_v dispute_v about_o a_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la some_o contend_v for_o earth_n other_o water_n other_o air_n and_o another_o sect_n for_o nitre_n yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o which_o that_o quality_n principal_o reside_v and_o from_o whence_o all_o other_o body_n derive_v they_o no_o more_o than_o that_o there_o be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o principle_n subject_a of_o residence_n for_o any_o other_o quality_n for_o if_o a_o intense_a degree_n of_o motion_n among_o the_o minute_n part_v of_o a_o body_n be_v sufficient_a to_o give_v it_o the_o quality_n of_o heat_n it_o may_v be_v enough_o to_o render_v a_o body_n cold_a that_o that_o motion_n be_v diminish_v upon_o a_o removal_n of_o its_o cause_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o cold_a be_v a_o positive_a or_o a_o privative_a quality_n frigidum_fw-la the_o earth_n not_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la 2._o indeed_o plutarch_n suppose_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la but_o we_o daily_o see_v that_o it_o be_v freeze_v by_o the_o contiguous_a air_n communicate_v cold_a to_o it_o and_z by_o the_o interposition_n of_o another_o body_n may_v easy_o be_v preserve_v from_o that_o so_o the_o salt-works_a upon_o the_o marsh_n of_o the_o island_n xaintonge_n in_o france_n be_v preserve_v from_o the_o damage_n the_o frost_n will_v do_v they_o by_o let_v in_o water_n by_o sluice_n to_o overflow_v they_o beside_o be_v the_o earth_n the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la it_o may_v just_o be_v wonder_v why_o it_o congeal_v not_o the_o water_n contiguous_a to_o it_o soon_o than_o hail_v or_o snow_n in_o the_o air_n since_o terrene_a part_n of_o matter_n can_v be_v bring_v thither_o without_o some_o cause_n able_a to_o elevate_v they_o and_o perhaps_o to_o alter_v the_o quality_n of_o they_o not_o to_o mention_v those_o vulcano_n which_v argue_v the_o earth_n to_o abound_v with_o subterraneal_a fire_n and_o that_o in_o several_a place_n where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o vulcano_n as_o in_o deep_a mine_n those_o that_o work_v there_o find_v it_o very_o hot_a and_o troublesome_a and_o in_o deep_a well_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o water_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v freeze_v that_o it_o come_v up_o reak_a hot_a which_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n since_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr clave_n livre_fw-fr 11._o chap._n 8._o that_o in_o the_o southern_a country_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n penetrate_v not_o above_o six_o or_o seven_o foot_n deep_a and_o the_o subterraneal_a part_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v extreme_o cold_a that_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o miner_n that_o the_o low_a they_o dig_v the_o more_o vapour_n exhalation_n and_o heat_v they_o find_v and_o jo._n baptista_n morinus_n witness_n that_o in_o mine_n in_o hungary_n four_o hundred_o fathom_n deep_a after_o the_o descent_n of_o 80_o fathom_n it_o be_v always_o hot_a but_o whether_o these_o may_v proceed_v from_o subterraneal_a fire_n or_o a_o mixture_n of_o other_o body_n i_o shall_v not_o determine_v since_o i_o have_v see_v body_n actual_o cold_a mix_v together_o produce_v heat_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o some_o part_n of_o england_n they_o dig_v up_o a_o mineral_n which_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o water_n only_o become_v hot_a and_o for_o a_o like_a reason_n perhaps_o those_o heat_n in_o the_o hungarian_a mine_n may_v be_v cause_v for_o that_o mineral_n steam_n ascend_v be_v evident_a since_o they_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a groave_fw-it not_o only_o to_o stinkâ—_n but_o by_o their_o corrosive_a quality_n to_o corrode_v the_o wooden_a ladder_n and_o morinus_n himself_o tell_v we_o that_o descend_v into_o the_o golden_a mine_n at_o cremnitz_n the_o heat_n increase_v extreme_o as_o he_o descend_v which_o they_o attribute_v to_o a_o mine_n of_o smaragdine_n vitriol_n which_o lie_v under_o it_o of_o which_o kind_n of_o vitriol_n there_o be_v some_o even_o in_o the_o cold_a
burning-glass_n to_o concentre_v the_o ray_n of_o the_o moon_n i_o can_v neither_o perceive_v they_o cold_a or_o hot_a though_o sanctorius_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o be_v hot_a and_o that_o be_v concentre_v and_o cast_v upon_o the_o ball_n of_o a_o common_a weatherglass_n the_o water_n be_v sensible_o depress_v but_o since_o my_o glass_n for_o as_o much_o as_o i_o can_v gather_v from_o the_o narrative_a be_v better_a than_o he_o i_o must_v suspend_v my_o assent_n till_o further_a satisfy_v by_o experience_n for_o since_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o several_a of_o his_o scholar_n stand_v by_o to_o watch_v the_o event_n the_o effect_n may_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n depend_v on_o the_o warmth_n of_o their_o breath_n one_o particular_a referrable_a to_o the_o xxi_o title_n the_o samojede_v clothe_v themselves_o with_o renes_fw-la skin_n the_o hair_n be_v outward_a and_o i_o have_v find_v a_o pair_n of_o cangy_n warm_a than_o fur_a glove_n they_o be_v chief_o make_v use_n of_o for_o the_o sledge_n though_o one_o may_v walk_v in_o the_o snow_n with_o they_o it_o be_v so_o dry_a that_o a_o scarlet_n be_v cover_v all_o over_o with_o it_o it_o will_v brush_v off_o without_o wet_n or_o endamage_v it_o to_o the_o xi_o title_n cold._n the_o force_n of_o expansion_n by_o cold._n 1._o the_o barrel_n of_o a_o gun_n which_o be_v about_o a_o foot_n long_o and_o of_o a_o proportionable_a diameter_n have_v the_o touchhole_n rivet_v up_o and_o a_o screw_v fit_v to_o the_o nose_n of_o the_o barrel_n which_o be_v do_v it_o be_v fill_v full_a of_o water_n and_o suspend_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n the_o screw_v have_v be_v thrust_v down_o as_o forcible_o as_o a_o man_n can_v in_o a_o frosty_a night_n the_o congeal_a ice_n raise_v the_o screw_n considerable_o so_o that_o ice_n have_v make_v its_o way_n out_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o barrel_n but_o the_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v and_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o screw_v fill_v up_o with_o melt_a bees-wax_n the_o expanded_a ice_n not_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v it_o the_o nose_n of_o the_o barrel_n be_v crack_v oblique_o beside_o several_a other_o flaw_n in_o other_o place_n which_o give_v way_n to_o the_o wind_n blow_v into_o the_o barrel_n to_o try_v it_o a_o appendix_n to_o the_o xvii_o title_n freeze_a of_o the_o effect_n of_o nitre_n in_o freeze_a bartholinus_n cite_v a_o experiment_n wherein_o the_o proportion_n betwixt_o nitre_n and_o water_n be_v 35_o to_o 100_o to_o try_v the_o success_n of_o it_o we_o mix_v a_o pound_n of_o salt-petre_n with_o 3_o pound_n of_o water_n and_o stir_v it_o about_o constant_o as_o cabaeus_n direct_v in_o a_o hour_n and_o half_a we_o perceive_v not_o the_o least_o ice_n whereas_o according_a to_o he_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v whole_o freeze_v in_o less_o time_n but_o we_o can_v not_o perceive_v the_o vapour_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o glass_n in_o the_o least_o freeze_v for_o a_o further_a trial_n we_o mix_v two_o ounce_n of_o salt-petre_n with_o six_o of_o water_n in_o a_o glass-vial_n but_o by_o all_o the_o shake_n we_o can_v not_o produce_v the_o least_o ice_n though_o whilst_o the_o nitre_n be_v dissolve_v the_o mixture_n be_v sensible_o cold_a and_o the_o same_o we_o have_v observe_v to_o happen_v upon_o a_o dissolution_n of_o common_a salt_n though_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o congelation_n which_o i_o be_v satisfy_v in_o by_o remove_v a_o thermoscope_n out_o of_o the_o mixture_n of_o nitre_n and_o water_n into_o water_n which_o be_v place_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o liquor_n in_o the_o weatherglass_n subside_v in_o the_o latter_a about_o 3_o inch_n so_o that_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v the_o learned_a cabaeus_n mistake_v crystal_n of_o nitre_n for_o ice_n it_o be_v believe_v by_o most_o watermen_n that_o the_o water_n begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n because_o they_o observe_v large_a piece_n of_o ice_n rise_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n but_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o be_v very_o reasonable_o question_v since_o we_o not_o only_o see_v that_o water_n in_o vessel_n but_o in_o well_n begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o the_o top_n and_o several_a argument_n in_o proof_n of_o the_o contrary_n may_v be_v find_v in_o our_o section_n of_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la and_o as_o for_o those_o piece_n of_o ice_n which_o they_o observe_v to_o emerge_n that_o phaenomenon_n may_v easy_o be_v solve_v without_o suppose_v the_o water_n to_o begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n for_o since_o the_o water_n which_o run_v along_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bank_n be_v freeze_v several_a stone_n may_v stick_v to_o it_o they_o by_o their_o weight_n may_v cause_v it_o to_o subside_n when_o it_o be_v partly_o loosen_a by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o water_n by_o that_o rarifaction_n become_v light_a yet_o when_o the_o water_n above_o be_v cool_v and_o the_o water_n below_o be_v warm_a have_v melt_v the_o ice_n in_o some_o measure_n and_o loosen_a some_o of_o those_o stone_n which_o be_v before_o freeze_v to_o it_o the_o ice_n become_v specifical_o light_a than_o the_o water_n must_v consequent_o emerge_n on_o which_o occasion_n i_o shall_v here_o observe_v that_o capt._n james_n hall_n take_v notice_n that_o they_o find_v a_o stone_n of_o three_o hundred_o weight_n upon_o a_o piece_n of_o ice_n in_o confirmation_n of_o our_o solution_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n i_o may_v allege_v the_o experiment_n lay_v down_o in_o the_o section_n of_o the_o duration_n of_o ice_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o for_o a_o further_a decision_n of_o this_o matter_n that_o either_o divers_a be_v send_v down_o or_o instrument_n which_o will_v bring_v up_o ice_n if_o any_o be_v there_o we_o take_v a_o seal_a weatherglass_n and_o have_v invert_v the_o stem_n of_o it_o when_o furnish_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n so_o that_o that_o be_v place_v in_o a_o hole_n purposely_o make_v in_o a_o box_n the_o ball_n of_o the_o weatherglass_n rest_v on_o the_o box_n about_o that_o we_o place_v a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n and_o find_v that_o present_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v retract_v so_o that_o liquor_n may_v be_v condense_v without_o the_o assistance_n of_o their_o gravity_n to_o depress_v and_o cause_v the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n to_o sink_v together_o but_o whether_o in_o this_o case_n the_o contraction_n be_v assist_v by_o the_o tenacity_n of_o the_o liquor_n or_o the_o springiness_n of_o some_o elastic_a particle_n will_v be_v inquire_v into_o in_o a_o more_o proper_a place_n frog_n and_o toad_n be_v take_v up_o from_o under_o ice_n be_v brisk_a and_o lively_a and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o frosty_a wether_n they_o general_o lie_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o pit_n for_o their_o security_n paralipomena_fw-la to_o the_o two_o and_o xx_o title_n of_o the_o frost_n get_v into_o hard_a and_o solid_a body_n body_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o frost_n on_o solid_a body_n in_o england_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o wood_n who_o diameter_n be_v a_o foot_n through_o have_v be_v freeze_v and_o in_o poland_n the_o frost_n have_v be_v so_o powerful_a that_o it_o have_v render_v the_o timber_n so_o hard_o that_o hatchet_n will_v not_o cut_v it_o and_o the_o wood_n with_o which_o the_o house_n be_v cover_v will_v give_v crack_n as_o loud_o as_o pistol_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v by_o one_o that_o his_o bow_n be_v freeze_v if_o he_o do_v not_o take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o care_n in_o thaw_v it_o it_o will_v break_v marle_n and_o chalk_n will_v be_v shatter_v with_o the_o frost_n the_o texture_n of_o those_o body_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v open_v and_o render_v more_o fit_a to_o nourish_v plant_n and_o grass_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v by_o a_o experience_a mason_n that_o even_o free_a stone_n of_o which_o house_n be_v build_v will_v crack_v and_o flaw_n in_o frosty_a wether_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o england_n that_o stone_n dig_v up_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n and_o season_v in_o the_o air_n be_v not_o near_o so_o subject_a to_o flaw_n as_o those_o that_o be_v dig_v up_o and_o work_v whilst_o the_o frost_n continue_v and_o it_o be_v further_o observe_v that_o both_o earthen_a as_o well_o as_o glass-vessel_n be_v considerable_o impair_v by_o the_o effect_n of_o frost_n upon_o they_o to_o which_o instance_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o testimony_n of_o maistre_n bernard_n palissy_n who_o say_v that_o though_o the_o stone_n of_o the_o mountain_n ardenne_n be_v hard_o than_o marble_n yet_o for_o fear_n of_o frost_n they_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o quarry_n in_o the_o winter_n and_o he_o further_o add_v that_o in_o the_o winter_n the_o rock_n sometime_o crack_v and_o fall_v down_o without_o be_v cut_v
have_v upon_o occult_a quality_n as_o well_o as_o manifest_a one_o and_o likewise_o upon_o fermentation_n since_o it_o be_v observe_v to_o retardate_v the_o work_n of_o ale_n extreme_o and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o must_v may_v be_v preserve_v sweet_a a_o long_a time_n in_o a_o deep_a well_o or_o if_o let_v down_o into_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o river_n and_o will_v when_o take_v up_o be_v less_o apt_a to_o ferment_n than_o other_o parcel_n of_o must_v keep_v in_o the_o warm_a air._n it_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o northern_a country_n that_o the_o most_o spirituous_a part_n of_o liquor_n have_v be_v separate_v and_o collect_v together_o by_o a_o congelation_n of_o the_o phlegm_n wherefore_o to_o try_v what_o cold_a will_v effect_v in_o our_o climate_n i_o hang_v out_o a_o bottle_n of_o beer_n in_o a_o sharp_a night_n and_o find_v that_o most_o part_n of_o it_o be_v freeze_v the_o liquor_n which_o be_v not_o freeze_v be_v very_o strong_a and_o spirituous_a the_o freeze_a part_n be_v spiritless_a but_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n tinge_v with_o cochineel_n be_v mix_v with_o water_n congelation_n separate_v not_o their_o part_n nor_o do_v it_o separate_v the_o red_a and_o the_o watery_a part_n of_o claret_n i_o make_v several_a trial_n upon_o milk_n and_o blood_n as_o also_o on_o vinegar_n in_o which_o my_o attempt_n prove_v insatisfactory_a but_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n be_v make_v in_o 24_o part_n of_o water_n so_o that_o it_o be_v as_o strong_a as_o the_o sea-water_n about_o we_o i_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v expose_v to_o freeze_v in_o a_o flat_a vessel_n which_o be_v the_o large_a that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n may_v be_v considerable_a and_o when_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o cake_n of_o ice_n that_o be_v take_v off_o it_o acquire_v another_o which_o when_o dissolve_v yield_a water_n not_o near_o so_o salt_n as_o that_o which_o remain_v unfreeze_v and_o be_v hydrostatical_o weigh_v be_v considerable_o light_a have_v expose_v several_a vegetable_a and_o animal_n substance_n to_o be_v freeze_v i_o find_v that_o by_o that_o mean_v i_o can_v discover_v their_o succulent_a juice_n and_o squeeze_v they_o out_o in_o the_o form_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v do_v by_o cut_v they_o transverse_o and_o length_n way_n i_o can_v discover_v also_o the_o figure_n and_o size_n of_o the_o pore_n in_o which_o those_o juice_n lodge_v among_o the_o animal_n substance_n expose_v to_o freeze_v be_v the_o eye_n and_o the_o brain_n of_o animal_n which_o by_o be_v freeze_v will_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v dissect_v the_o latter_a when_o cut_v in_o two_o seem_a like_o a_o apple_n freeze_v the_o ventricles_n and_o iâ—…_n whole_a substance_n be_v fill_v with_o icy_a particle_n neither_o a_o eye_n nor_o a_o liver_n lean_a flesh_n or_o fish_n nor_o a_o live_a frog_n will_v be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n as_o egg_n and_o apple_n be_v when_o put_v into_o water_n after_o they_o have_v be_v freeze_v as_o for_o the_o reason_n why_o flesh_n be_v usual_o much_o impair_v by_o be_v freeze_v i_o suppose_v it_o to_o proceed_v hence_o viz._n that_o the_o alimental_a juice_n be_v expend_v by_o freeze_a have_v not_o its_o own_o texture_n alter_v only_o but_o even_o the_o solid_a vessel_n which_o contain_v it_o be_v thereby_o bruise_v and_o crush_v for_o from_o several_a experiment_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o egg_n will_v be_v burst_v by_o the_o freeze_a of_o the_o alimental_a juice_n and_o that_o the_o texture_n of_o stone_n and_o vegetable_n will_v be_v destroy_v by_o the_o powerful_a congelation_n of_o their_o respective_a juice_n which_o will_v be_v less_o wonder_v at_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o aqueous_a part_n by_o their_o expansion_n be_v able_a to_o burst_v the_o barrel_n of_o a_o gun_n have_v i_o have_v leisure_n and_o conveniency_n i_o will_v have_v try_v what_o effect_n cold_a have_v upon_o animal_n freeze_v to_o death_n but_o have_v expose_v a_o rabbit_n to_o the_o cold_a all_o night_n i_o find_v that_o only_o one_o leg_n be_v swell_v and_o a_o little_a stiff_a but_o a_o strangle_a rabbit_n be_v expose_v to_o be_v freeze_v ice_n be_v produce_v in_o several_a part_n it_o be_v affirm_v by_o several_a modern_a writer_n that_o if_o water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o the_o salt_n of_o vegetable_n upon_o congelation_n they_o will_v represent_v the_o shape_n of_o the_o plant_n they_o belong_v to_o but_o notwithstanding_o i_o have_v several_a time_n try_v the_o experiment_n i_o find_v it_o either_o false_a or_o very_o contingent_a since_o it_o do_v not_o once_o answer_v expectation_n but_o have_v expose_v a_o lixivium_n of_o pot-ash_n to_o freeze_v i_o find_v that_o the_o crystal_n upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n be_v prismatical_a and_o that_o under_o those_o lie_v a_o great_a many_o thin_a parallel_n plate_n of_o ice_n but_o not_o range_v in_o such_o a_o order_n as_o to_o represent_v the_o shape_n of_o tree_n and_o though_o bartholinus_n tell_v we_o that_o if_o a_o decoction_n of_o cabbage_n be_v freeze_v it_o will_v represent_v a_o cabbage_n yet_o i_o can_v never_o find_v that_o the_o experiment_n succeed_v except_o that_o once_o there_o appear_v the_o faint_a resemblance_n of_o a_o single_a leaf_n but_o i_o have_v find_v that_o fair_a water_n freeze_v will_v represent_v the_o shape_n of_o vegetable_n often_o than_o their_o decoction_n and_o though_o berigardus_n also_o affirm_v the_o same_o yet_o i_o suspect_v that_o he_o only_o wirt_z without_o try_v the_o experiment_n himself_o and_o yet_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o prepossessed_a spectator_n may_v fancy_v they_o see_v such_o thing_n when_o they_o do_v not_o for_o though_o sea-salt_n and_o alum_n consist_v of_o part_n of_o determinate_a figure_n yet_o when_o dissolve_v in_o water_n they_o exhibit_v figure_n too_o various_a and_o extravagant_a not_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o chance_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o shall_v add_v that_o by_o distil_v and_o rectify_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n from_o sea-salt_n in_o a_o glass-head_n as_o the_o degree_n of_o heat_n be_v vary_a so_o will_v the_o figure_n of_o tree_n be_v represent_v different_a on_o the_o inside_n the_o glass_n and_o i_o have_v several_a time_n produce_v the_o shape_n of_o tree_n from_o body_n belong_v to_o the_o animal_n kingdom_n and_o i_o have_v find_v that_o though_o figure_v curious_a enough_o will_v be_v represent_v by_o spirit_n solution_n decoction_n vinegar_n milk_n and_o even_o common_a water_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o hope_v for_o the_o same_o success_n and_o that_o the_o like_a figure_n shall_v always_o be_v afford_v by_o the_o same_o liquor_n since_o very_o small_a circumstance_n will_v vary_v they_o considerable_o and_o in_o try_v of_o such_o experiment_n as_o these_o it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o advertise_v that_o it_o will_v be_v convenient_a that_o the_o liquor_n shall_v be_v as_o shallow_a as_o it_o possible_o may_v that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o speedy_o freeze_v a_o freeze_a egg_n be_v put_v into_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n instead_o of_o common_a water_n it_o gather_v not_o about_o it_o any_o crusty_a film_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o mr._n wood_n that_o though_o new-england_n be_v 10_o or_o 11_o degree_n remote_a from_o the_o pole_n yet_o the_o winter_n be_v much_o more_o pierce_a and_o cold_a than_o we_o and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o the_o xviii_o title_n of_o the_o infrigidating_a power_n of_o wind_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o sometime_o it_o have_v be_v so_o much_o more_o cold_a than_o at_o other_o that_o be_v blow_v through_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n it_o will_v cause_v not_o only_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n to_o subside_o but_o be_v blow_v upon_o the_o ball_n of_o another_o weatherglass_n not_o only_o the_o liquor_n but_o even_o mercury_n itself_o will_v be_v force_v to_o ascend_v though_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n can_v not_o cause_v that_o effect_n and_o i_o have_v often_o try_v that_o when_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n be_v such_o that_o though_o when_o first_o blow_v upon_o the_o ball_n of_o a_o nice_a thermoscope_n it_o will_v not_o cause_v the_o liquor_n to_o ascend_v yet_o at_o another_o season_n the_o tinged_a liquor_n ascend_v as_o if_o the_o air_n by_o be_v more_o than_o ordinary_o compress_v in_o the_o room_n have_v some_o sensible_a effect_n in_o compress_v and_o contract_v the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o thermoscope_n to_o try_v whether_o liquor_n by_o lose_v their_o fluidity_n and_o become_v consistent_a will_v acquire_v a_o great_a degree_n of_o coldness_n i_o cause_v the_o ball_n of_o a_o weatherglass_n to_o be_v immerse_v in_o salad-oil_n and_o a_o solution_n of_o minium_n in_o vinegar_n or_o of_o quicklime_n in_o water_n either_o of_o which_o will_v coagulate_v the_o oil_n but_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o
colour_n and_o taste_v of_o wine_n in_o thirty_o eight_o hour_n canary_n expose_v in_o a_o spoon_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o thin_a film_n which_o grow_v no_o thick_a in_o four_o day_n but_o neither_o claret_n or_o canary_n will_v freeze_v in_o tube_n or_o bottle_n two_o ounce_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n expose_v in_o a_o spoon_n all_o evaporate_v in_o twelve_o hour_n but_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o brandy_n leave_v about_o a_o spoonful_n of_o ice_n void_a both_o of_o taste_n and_o it_o be_v inflammable_a quality_n but_o be_v hold_v betwixt_o my_o eye_n and_o a_o candle_n it_o discover_v several_a bubble_n a_o ox_n and_o a_o sheep_n eye_n be_v both_o freeze_v through_o in_o one_o night_n the_o three_o humour_n be_v opacous_a hard_a and_o inseparable_a the_o crystalline_a humour_n be_v white_a like_o whiting_n boil_v the_o waterish_a and_o glassy_a humour_n seem_v to_o be_v make_v of_o flake_n of_o ice_n sheep_n blood_n expose_v to_o freeze_v the_o serum_n be_v turn_v to_o ice_n which_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o blood_n and_o thaw_v at_o the_o fire_n congeal_v a_o second_o time_n into_o a_o membranous_a substance_n but_o the_o blood_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o freeze_v the_o heart_n and_o blood_n in_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la of_o a_o dog_n and_o cat_n expose_v dead_a to_o the_o air_n be_v both_o freeze_v milk_n freeze_v into_o white_a flake_n be_v soft_a and_o with_o few_o bubble_n in_o it_o and_o retain_v the_o proper_a taste_n of_o milk_n the_o yolk_n and_o whites_n of_o egg_n be_v freeze_v in_o one_o night_n they_o thaw_v best_a by_o lie_v on_o newcastle_n coal_n or_o in_o a_o deep_a cellar_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o egg_n though_o they_o have_v be_v freeze_v will_v produce_v chickens-egg_n hold_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n when_o freeze_v will_v acquire_v a_o crust_n of_o ice_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o inward_a part_n of_o it_o still_o remain_v freeze_v and_o if_o those_o egg_n whilst_o freeze_v be_v poch_v they_o will_v be_v very_o tough_a a_o egg_n and_o a_o apple_n be_v suspend_v two_o foot_n deep_a in_o a_o cistern_n and_o take_v up_o after_o twenty_o four_o hour_n though_o both_o of_o they_o be_v full_a of_o ice_n within_o yet_o neither_o of_o they_o have_v contract_v ice_n on_o the_o outside_n horse-radish_n and_o onion_n freeze_v yet_o beer_n in_o which_o horseradish_n and_o scurvey-grass_n be_v infuse_v will_v not_o freeze_v so_o soon_o as_o strong_a beer_n without_o they_o orange_n and_o lemon_n freeze_v have_v a_o hard_a and_o tough_a rind_n and_o lose_v their_o genuine_a taste_n and_o when_o thaw_v they_o soon_o become_v rot_v apple_n cut_v in_o the_o middle_n will_v have_v a_o thin_a ice_n on_o both_o plain_n which_o may_v be_v discern_v by_o a_o knife_n or_o the_o touch_n the_o skin_n of_o these_o apple_n soon_o turn_v brown_a and_o they_o begin_v to_o corrupt_v there_o oil_n expose_v look_v like_o butter_n melt_v and_o coagulate_v again_o but_o in_o cave_n and_o cellar_n it_o will_v never_o appear_v more_o than_o candy_a white_a wine-vinegar_n freeze_v in_o a_o tube_n without_o apparent_a bubble_n whatever_o have_v a_o watery_a humour_n in_o it_o will_v coagulate_v but_o what_o will_v not_o the_o next_o paragraph_n contain_v spirit_n of_o wine_n aq._n mariae_fw-la coelestibus_fw-la &c_n &c_n and_o canary_n in_o large_a vessel_n soap-boilers_a lees_n spirit_n of_o salt_n vitriol_n salt-petre_n aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la spirit_n of_o sulphur_n and_o spirit_n of_o soot_n will_v not_o freeze_v but_o the_o two_o last_o afford_v a_o precipitate_v the_o first_o of_o the_o colour_n and_o taste_v of_o brimstone_n but_o not_o inflammable_a the_o latter_a a_o yellowish_a powder_n more_o bitter_a than_o the_o spirit_n and_o inflammable_a but_o though_o these_o spirit_n will_v not_o freeze_v yet_o be_v mix_v with_o twelve_o part_n of_o water_n all_o of_o they_o freeze_v except_o spirit_n of_o salt_n nitre_n and_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la i_o be_o tell_v that_o one_o have_v dissolve_v ice_n in_o the_o north_n sea_n find_v it_o salt_n as_o for_o the_o figure_n of_o liquor_n freeze_v alum_n appear_v in_o lump_n salt-petre_n tartar_n milk_n ale_n wine_n and_o salarmoniack_a in_o plate_n and_o other_o liquor_n which_o compose_v a_o soft_a ice_n seened_a to_o be_v compose_v of_o globuli_fw-la adhere_v to_o each_o other_o water_n kelp_n and_o frit_n resemble_v the_o fibre_n of_o a_o oaken_a leaf_n the_o interstice_n be_v fill_v up_o with_o smooth_a ice_n and_o the_o middle_a fibres_fw-fr as_o in_o plant_n appear_v large_a than_o the_o other_o and_o make_v acute_a angle_n at_o the_o lesser_a end_n of_o the_o leaf_n but_o as_o for_o the_o figure_n of_o freeze_a urine_n those_o have_v be_v accurate_o describe_v by_o the_o curious_a mr._n hook_n i_o shall_v pass_v that_o part_n of_o my_o task_n by_o i_o take_v the_o salt_n of_o rosemary_n rue_n scurvey-grass_n mint_n and_o plantain_n and_o put_v ½_n or_o ¾_n of_o a_o ounce_n of_o each_o into_o ½_n of_o a_o pint_n of_o their_o distil_a water_n the_o rue_n and_o plantain_n be_v seal_v up_o none_o of_o they_o freeze_v resemble_v the_o plant_n they_o belong_v to_o but_o the_o aromatic_a water_n be_v much_o enrich_v in_o their_o scent_n especial_o the_o rosemary_n kelp_n freeze_v represent_v the_o leaf_n of_o alga_n marina_n a_o recipient_a full_a of_o water_n be_v freeze_v and_o the_o top_n of_o the_o ice_n break_v there_o appear_v a_o cavity_n within_o which_o be_v thick_o set_v with_o plate_n of_o ice_n from_o which_o stiriae_fw-la appear_v on_o each_o side_n like_o the_o tooth_n of_o comb_n some_o of_o which_o stand_v at_o such_o a_o distance_n that_o i_o can_v put_v my_o finger_n betwixt_o they_o a_o flask_n full_a of_o water_n be_v freeze_v it_o appear_v full_a of_o bubble_n like_o tailed_a hailshot_n the_o sharp_a point_n of_o all_o of_o they_o point_v upward_o they_o have_v cavity_n which_o will_v admit_v a_o pin_n into_o they_o and_o may_v be_v discern_v in_o the_o ice_n appear_v like_o black_a spot_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ice_n be_v contain_v a_o cavity_n fill_v with_o water_n in_o which_o be_v several_a of_o these_o bubble_n imperfect_o form_v all_o the_o liquor_n i_o make_v experiment_n with_o do_v sensible_o rise_v above_o the_o mark_n before_o they_o freeze_v and_o more_o after_o congelation_n vinegar_n and_o urine_n rise_v ½_n a_o inch_n and_o lees_n make_v of_o salt_n of_o rosemary_n kelp_n and_o frit_n about_o ½_n of_o a_o inch._n solution_n of_o alum_n and_o copperas_n less_o and_o saline_n liquor_n in_o general_n less_o than_o water_n which_o rise_v a_o full_a inch_n and_o small_a beer_n in_o a_o narrow_a tube_n four_o inch_n oil_n of_o vitriol_n alone_o subside_v below_o the_o mark_n hot_a water_n subside_v till_o it_o be_v cool_v and_o then_o rise_v again_o water_n be_v freeze_v in_o beer-glass_n rise_v up_o and_o form_n solid_a triangle_n but_o the_o rise_n of_o it_o be_v more_o visible_a in_o narrow_a glass_n ice_n in_o a_o flask_n rise_v four_o inch_n above_o the_o water-mark_a and_o hang_v two_o inch_n out_o of_o it_o but_o in_o a_o bolt-head_n it_o rise_v five_o inch_n above_o the_o water-mark_a if_o glass_n be_v fill_v about_o ⅔_n full_a they_o seldom_o break_v round_o spherical_a glass_n usual_o break_v uniform_o a_o bolt-head_n be_v fill_v up_o to_o the_o neck_n with_o water_n the_o top_n which_o be_v twelve_o inch_n above_o it_o be_v seal_v up_o upon_o which_o the_o water_n be_v freeze_v be_v raise_v three_o inch_n into_o the_o neck_n and_o the_o glass_n break_v in_o the_o thin_a part_n from_o that_o point_n several_a line_n run_v as_o from_o a_o pole_n to_o the_o meridian_n but_o none_o of_o they_o go_v round_o the_o glass_n nor_o be_v they_o all_o of_o the_o same_o length_n in_o a_o flask_n crack_v in_o many_o place_n the_o crack_n be_v irregular_a glass_n bottle_n and_o stone-jug_n keep_v little_a order_n in_o break_v and_o metal_n none_o at_o all_o but_o wood_n cleave_v with_o the_o grain_n two_o oval_a box_n one_o of_o box_n and_o another_o of_o maple_n contain_v each_o two_o ounce_n be_v fill_v full_a and_o by_o the_o frost_n in_o one_o night_n be_v crack_v from_o the_o bottom_n to_o the_o top_n a_o pepper-box_n of_o latin_a have_v its_o neck_n break_v off_o and_o the_o joint_n at_o the_o bottom_n loosen_a lead-pipe_n above_o ground_n be_v break_v in_o many_o place_n and_o some_o that_o lay_v a_o foot_n under_o ground_n brass-lock_n and_o barrel_n of_o pump_n usual_o break_v with_o the_o frost_n a_o copper-box_n of_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o pear_n be_v crack_v the_o four_o time_n it_o be_v freeze_v the_o cylinder_n of_o a_o silver_n ink-horn_n bear_v the_o frost_n but_o a_o silverball_a be_v considerable_o extend_v by_o the_o frost_n tobacco-pipe_n and_o earthen_a ware_n be_v burst_v with_o the_o
chrystallized_a salt_n appear_v the_o oil_n of_o the_o fruit_n become_v very_o friable_a and_o of_o a_o milky-white_a colour_n but_o the_o train_n oil_n only_o lose_v its_o fluidity_n and_o become_v of_o the_o consistence_n of_o soft_a grease_n and_o the_o same_o night_n a_o bottle_n of_o rhenish_a wine_n and_o another_o of_o strong_a white-wine_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n freeze_v the_o ice_n taste_v weak_a than_o the_o wine_n but_o the_o wine_n be_v several_a time_n freeze_v and_o thaw_v again_o neither_o lose_v any_o thing_n of_o its_o colour_n taste_v or_o strength_n mr._n hook_v show_v i_o a_o oval_a glass_n which_o have_v at_o one_o end_v a_o narrow_a cane_n a_o inch_n long_o in_o which_o water_n tinge_v with_o cochineel_n be_v freeze_v the_o ice_n on_o the_o outside_n be_v colourless_a but_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o deep_a tincture_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o like_a in_o flask_n contain_v the_o same_o tincture_n freeze_v flesh_n fish_n egg_n and_o apple_n be_v hold_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o water_n and_o immerse_v in_o it_o be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o mortar_n and_o plaster_n of_o paris_n will_v freeze_v i_o have_v see_v ice_n three_o yard_n thick_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o thames_n the_o water_n which_o flow_v successive_o over_o the_o ice_n be_v freeze_v and_o gradual_o thickening_a it_o and_o i_o have_v freeze_v a_o whole_a flask_n full_a of_o water_n by_o gradual_o pour_v it_o into_o a_o pan_n which_o confirm_v what_o olearius_n say_v of_o make_v huge_a heap_n of_o ice_n to_o preserve_v body_n though_o my_o lord_n verulam_n tell_v we_o that_o egg_n and_o apple_n cover_v with_o a_o wet_a cloth_n will_v not_o freeze_v yet_o i_o have_v not_o observe_v any_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o and_o other_o oil_n of_o animal_n and_o vegetable_a oil_n by_o expression_n subside_o syrup_n freeze_v not_o cold_n affect_v not_o lodestone_n sensible_o in_o their_o operation_n have_v expose_v distil_v water_n of_o plantain_n poppy_n black_a cherry_n nightshade_n scurvygrass_n and_o horseradish_n to_o the_o cold_a in_o order_n to_o make_v a_o standard_n for_o weather-glass_n i_o observe_v that_o the_o black-cherry-water_n be_v freeze_v first_o and_o the_o horseradish_n and_o scurvygrass_n water_n last_o the_o best_a way_n to_o discover_v when_o liquor_n begin_v to_o freeze_v first_o be_v by_o draw_v a_o pin_n through_o the_o surface_n of_o those_o liquor_n chap._n ix_o a_o new_a frigorifick_a experiment_n show_v how_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o cold_a may_v be_v sudden_o produce_v without_o the_o help_n of_o snow_n ice_n hail_o wind_n or_o nitre_n any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n comunicate_v in_o the_o transaction_n of_o july_n 18._o 1666._o water_n cold_a produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o sal-armon_a and_o water_n if_o a_o pound_n of_o powder_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v mix_v gradual_o with_o three_o pint_n of_o water_n and_o the_o liquor_n be_v stir_v with_o a_o stick_n or_o a_o whale-bone_n whilst_o the_o salt_n be_v dissolve_v it_o will_v produce_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n which_o will_v not_o only_o be_v sensible_a to_o the_o touch_n but_o if_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o a_o silver_n tankard_n the_o outside_n of_o it_o will_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o multitude_n of_o little_a drop_n of_o condense_a vapour_n as_o high_a as_o the_o mixture_n reach_v and_o if_o some_o of_o it_o be_v quite_o wipe_v off_o before_o the_o mixture_n have_v lose_v its_o virtue_n it_o will_v again_o be_v cover_v over_o with_o dew_n and_o if_o the_o ball_n of_o a_o seal_a weatherglass_n be_v immerse_v in_o it_o the_o tinged_a liquor_n will_v present_o descend_v low_a than_o it_o do_v in_o common_a water_n and_o upon_o a_o removal_n of_o it_o into_o the_o air_n again_o or_o common_a water_n the_o spirit_n will_v manifest_o ascend_v and_o this_o coldness_n be_v more_o or_o less_o last_a as_o the_o season_n of_o the_o air_n contribute_v to_o its_o coldness_n and_o as_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o salt_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o water_n be_v great_a or_o less_o or_o as_o it_o vary_v in_o goodness_n or_o as_o the_o salt_n be_v put_v in_o in_o grosser_n powder_n and_o more_o leisurely_o and_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a may_v easy_o be_v discover_v by_o frequent_o immerge_v and_o remove_v a_o weatherglass_n out_o of_o it_o into_o water_n and_o from_o the_o latter_a into_o it_o again_o whether_o shall_v ammoniac_a mix_v with_o sand_n or_o earth_n will_v cool_v drink_v better_o than_o without_o when_o the_o mixture_n be_v sprinkle_v with_o water_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o try_v but_o i_o have_v find_v the_o aforementioned_a mixture_n cool_a liquor_n convenient_o enough_o after_o midsummer_n march_n 27._o a_o seal_a weatherglass_n be_v immerse_v in_o water_n the_o spirit_n that_o rest_v at_o 8_o 1_o â—_o inch_n descend_v to_o 7_o â—_o 8_o and_o then_o the_o sal-armon_a be_v put_v in_o within_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n it_o descend_v to_o 2_o 1_o â—_o â…™_n inch_n and_o before_o that_o time_n it_o begin_v to_o condense_a the_o vapour_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o when_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n be_v cold_a water_n place_v thin_a on_o the_o outside_n will_v be_v freeze_v in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o minute_n about_o 3_o â—_o of_o a_o hour_n after_o the_o salt_n be_v put_v in_o the_o tinged_a liquor_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o water_n into_o it_o subside_v a_o inch_n below_o the_o freeze_a mark._n at_o 2_o ½_n hour_n after_o the_o first_o solution_n it_o be_v at_o 5_o ½_n inches_n or_o 4_o ¾_n which_o mark_v the_o liquor_n stand_v at_o in_o hard_a and_o last_a frost_n in_o the_o winter_n three_o hour_n after_o the_o first_o dissolution_n the_o liquor_n stand_v at_o the_o uppermost_a freeze_a mark._n in_o try_v of_o which_o experiment_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o some_o water_n be_v shed_v it_o freeze_v the_o cucurbite_n to_o the_o table_n it_o stand_v on_o in_o another_o experiment_n before_o the_o weatherglass_n be_v put_v in_o it_o stand_v at_o 8_o â…›_n but_o when_o immerse_v in_o water_n it_o sink_v to_o 7_o â…_n or_o 6_o 8_o in_o half_a a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n in_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n it_o subside_v to_o 7_o ¾_n and_o in_o a_o hour_n below_o 5_o and_o consequent_o within_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o low_a freeze_a mark._n salt_n which_o once_o have_v be_v dissolve_v may_v by_o be_v crystallize_v in_o a_o iron_n vessel_n be_v fit_a for_o use_v again_o so_o march_v 29._o the_o thermoscope_n which_o in_o the_o air_n stand_v at_o 8_o â…ž_n in_o water_n subside_v to_o 8_o and_o in_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n make_v of_o salt_n twice_o use_v before_o it_o subside_v to_o 4_o inch_n but_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o fresh_a water_n it_o rise_v gradual_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o positive_a and_o privative_a nature_n of_o cold._n answer_v argument_n allege_v in_o favour_n of_o its_o positive_a nature_n answer_v before_o i_o proceed_v to_o enumerate_v what_o argument_n may_v be_v allege_v either_o for_o the_o positive_a or_o privative_a nature_n of_o cold_a i_o shall_v brief_o intimate_v that_o the_o word_n cold_a may_v be_v either_o consider_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o effect_n such_o body_n have_v upon_o the_o sensory_a or_o upon_o other_o body_n if_o in_o the_o latter_a then_o in_o frosty_a wether_n the_o sun_n may_v be_v say_v to_o warm_v the_o air_n because_o it_o enable_v it_o to_o melt_v the_o snow_n and_o thaw_v ice_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a warm_a water_n be_v say_v to_o be_v cold_a in_o respect_n of_o a_o hand_n that_o be_v much_o hot_a argument_n the_o first_o argument_n but_o to_o pass_v on_o to_o argument_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o positive_a nature_n of_o cold_a the_o first_o argument_n allege_v be_v the_o considerable_a effect_n it_o have_v both_o upon_o the_o sensory_a and_o other_o body_n so_o that_o we_o may_v sum_n our_o argument_n up_o in_o the_o word_n of_o gassendus_fw-la two_o sunt_fw-la frigoris_fw-la effectus_fw-la quales_fw-la habere_fw-la privatio_fw-la quae_fw-la actionis_fw-la est_fw-la incapax_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o heat_n and_o cold_a depend_v only_o on_o a_o great_a or_o less_o degree_n of_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n than_o those_o about_o our_o sensory_a and_o all_o perception_n be_v carry_v to_o and_o distinguish_v in_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v various_a as_o that_o motion_n be_v different_a and_o it_o be_v likewise_o consider_v that_o when_o one_o body_n communicate_v motion_n to_o another_o it_o lose_v of_o its_o own_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o when_o i_o take_v a_o piece_n of_o ice_n into_o my_o hand_n and_o it_o be_v dissolve_v by_o the_o motion_n communicate_v to_o its_o part_n the_o motion_n which_o the_o humour_n in_o my_o hand_n lose_v by_o put_v
not_o that_o that_o act_v positive_o upon_o they_o but_o imbibe_v the_o moisture_n and_o i_o have_v see_v a_o cold_a liquor_n acquire_v a_o hardness_n its_o moisture_n be_v imbibe_v by_o a_o piece_n of_o bread_n immerse_v in_o it_o as_o also_o spirit_n of_o wine_n dephlegm_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n without_o so_o much_o as_o heat_v the_o aqueous_a part_n find_v a_o more_o ready_a and_o easy_a passage_n into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o alkaly_n than_o through_o the_o spiritous_a liquor_n and_o i_o know_v a_o saline_a body_n which_o when_o incorporate_v with_o water_n the_o water_n will_v leave_v this_o a_o consistent_a mass_n and_o be_v imbibe_v by_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o for_o a_o further_a illustration_n of_o the_o cartesian_a explication_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o camphire_n by_o float_v upon_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v become_v a_o fluid_a oil_n and_o continue_v in_o that_o form_n till_o the_o subtle_a spirit_n which_o by_o pervade_v it_o keep_v it_o fluid_a fly_v away_o and_o evaporates_n for_o be_v put_v into_o water_n the_o spirit_n leave_v the_o camphire_n and_o be_v imbibe_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n it_o become_v a_o consistent_a mass_n again_o which_o that_o it_o depend_v not_o on_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o water_n be_v evident_a since_o the_o same_o will_v happen_v on_o warm_a water_n but_o though_o cold_a shall_v depend_v primary_o on_o the_o influence_n of_o frigorifick_a atom_n yet_o since_o those_o by_o act_v on_o the_o body_n cool_v may_v produce_v their_o effect_n by_o expel_v calorifick_a atom_n the_o privation_n of_o those_o calorifick_a atom_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o freeze_a so_o though_o a_o bullet_n kill_v a_o man_n yet_o the_o issue_n be_v a_o privation_n of_o life_n and_o when_o a_o room_n be_v darken_v by_o extinguish_v the_o light_n the_o darkness_n depend_v on_o the_o privation_n of_o light_n six_o a_o six_o the_o last_o argument_n of_o gassendus_fw-la be_v this_o tametsi_fw-la multa_fw-la videantur_fw-la ex_fw-la sola_fw-la caloris_fw-la absentia_fw-la frigescere_fw-la nibil_n ominous_a nisi_fw-la frigus_fw-la extrinsicus_fw-la inducatur_fw-la non_fw-la tam_fw-la profectô_o frigescere_fw-la quam_fw-la decalescere_fw-la sunt_fw-la censenda_fw-la esto_fw-la enim_fw-la lapis_fw-la lignum_fw-la aut_fw-la aliquid_fw-la aliud_fw-la quod_fw-la nec_fw-la calidum_fw-la nec_fw-la frigidum_fw-la sit_fw-la id_fw-la ubi_fw-la fuerit_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la igni_fw-la calefiet_v sane_fw-la at_o cum_fw-la deinceps_fw-la calor_fw-la excedet_fw-la neque_fw-la frigidum_fw-la ullum_fw-la circumstabit_fw-la non_fw-la erit_fw-la cur_n dicas_fw-la ipsum_fw-la frigefieri_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la minus_fw-la calidum_fw-la fieri_fw-la rediere_fw-la in_o suum_fw-la statum_fw-la but_o to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o if_o we_o speak_v of_o coldness_n with_o respect_n to_o sense_n i_o see_v not_o why_o any_o body_n that_o grow_v hot_a by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n may_v not_o be_v say_v to_o grow_v cold_a rather_o than_o decalescere_fw-la since_o heat_n be_v only_o too_o brisk_a a_o agitation_n for_o our_o sensory_a when_o upon_o a_o removal_n of_o that_o cause_n and_o a_o decline_a of_o that_o motion_n it_o become_v less_o agitate_a than_o the_o humour_n about_o our_o sensory_a we_o may_v not_o then_o say_v it_o grow_v cold_o and_o cold_o till_o it_o become_v ice_n but_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o i_o have_v offer_v these_o argument_n against_o gassendus_fw-la yet_o i_o shall_v wave_v determine_v the_o controversy_n till_o further_o satisfy_v in_o some_o speculation_n and_o in_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o some_o particular_a experiment_n beside_o i_o will_v first_o know_v from_o those_o that_o will_v have_v cold_a to_o be_v a_o positive_a quality_n whether_o and_o on_o what_o account_n those_o little_a fragment_n of_o matter_n be_v cold_a whether_o their_o frigorifick_a atom_n have_v weight_n as_o also_o what_o be_v their_o texture_n and_o whether_o that_o quality_n may_v be_v destroy_v and_o whether_o they_o be_v primitive_a body_n or_o not_o and_o why_o coldness_n ensue_v the_o mixture_n of_o two_o warm_a body_n and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o solve_v of_o some_o of_o which_o it_o will_v be_v requisite_a to_o inquire_v how_o water_n come_v by_o its_o expansive_a force_n upon_o congelation_n and_o since_o cold_a be_v a_o privation_n of_o motion_n why_o upon_o the_o mixture_n of_o certain_a body_n cold_a ensue_v though_o their_o part_n be_v thereby_o put_v into_o motion_n chap._n xi_o two_o problem_n about_o cold._a a_o attempt_n to_o measure_v the_o great_a expansive_a force_n of_o freeze_a water_n of_o the_o production_n of_o cold_a by_o the_o conflict_n of_o body_n appear_v to_o make_v a_o ebullition_n problem_n the_o first_o problem_n the_o first_o problem_n i_o shall_v propose_v be_v how_o upon_o the_o mixture_n of_o two_o or_o three_o body_n there_o shall_v ensue_v a_o great_a and_o tumultuary_a agitation_n of_o small_a part_n and_o yet_o even_o during_o this_o conflict_n not_o any_o sensible_a heat_n but_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o cold_a be_v produce_v concern_v which_o i_o shall_v only_o propose_v the_o question_n whether_o local_a motion_n be_v not_o generical_a and_o whether_o the_o figure_n and_o size_n of_o part_n various_o move_v may_v not_o be_v able_a to_o cause_v a_o sensation_n of_o heat_n and_o when_o various_o modify_v a_o sense_n of_o cold_a or_o whether_o the_o sense_n of_o cold_a depend_v not_o on_o some_o frigorifick_a atom_n which_o be_v let_v lose_v in_o the_o ebullition_n and_o affect_v the_o sensory_a which_o will_v otherwise_o perceive_v a_o hot_a sensation_n by_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o those_o part_n with_o which_o cold_a aom_n be_v mix_v and_o which_o they_o overpower_v problem_n the_o second_o problem_n the_o second_o problem_n be_v whence_o the_o vast_a force_n of_o freeze_a water_n proceed_v for_o since_o cold_a depend_v on_o a_o imminution_n of_o local_a motion_n it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a how_o it_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o break_v resist_v body_n which_o require_v local_a motion_n to_o separate_v their_o part_n and_o though_o gassendus_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o they_o proceed_v from_o the_o ingress_n of_o frigorifick_a atom_n yet_o till_o glaciation_n succeed_v notwithstanding_o water_n grow_v cold_a gradual_o it_o subside_v and_o do_v not_o expand_v and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o chemical_a oil_n the_o great_a degree_n of_o cold_a they_o be_v expose_v to_o contract_v the_o more_o and_o some_o oil_n even_o when_o coagulate_v be_v condense_v instead_o of_o be_v expanded_a and_o as_o for_o what_o the_o cartesian_o offer_v for_o the_o removal_n of_o these_o difficulty_n it_o may_v well_o be_v question_v how_o their_o eel-like_a particle_n be_v relax_v and_o their_o spring_n weaken_v they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o expand_v in_o spite_n of_o opposition_n so_o that_o consider_v that_o water_n when_o expanded_a be_v full_a of_o bubble_n i_o be_v apt_a to_o suspect_v that_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o they_o contribute_v to_o the_o effect_n and_o that_o a_o constipation_n of_o the_o pore_n of_o water_n may_v give_v they_o a_o springiness_n freeze_v the_o great_a expansive_a force_n of_o water_n freeze_v to_o try_v the_o expansive_a force_n of_o freeze_a water_n we_o convey_v a_o bladder_n full_a of_o water_n into_o a_o brass_n cylinder_n and_o fit_v a_o plugg_n to_o it_o upon_o that_o we_o place_v a_o flat_a board_n to_o hold_v weight_n on_o and_o then_o the_o cylinder_n be_v encompass_v with_o a_o frigorifick_a mixture_n upon_o the_o freeze_a of_o the_o water_n in_o one_o experiment_n the_o plugg_n raise_v 115_o pound_n weight_n and_o in_o another_o 100_o pound_n averdupois_n and_o in_o a_o three_o 254_o pound_n weight_n three_o saline_a body_n each_o purify_v by_o the_o fire_n be_v mix_v together_o cold._n of_o the_o production_n of_o cold._n produce_v a_o cold_a effervescense_n with_o a_o hiss_a noise_n and_o a_o considerable_a intumescense_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o glass_n which_o contain_v it_o will_v grow_v cold_a than_o before_o and_o gather_v a_o dew_n on_o the_o outside_n which_o will_v reach_v as_o high_a as_o the_o mixture_n but_o on_o the_o concave_a bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n there_o be_v no_o dew_n that_o be_v not_o sufficient_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n so_o that_o the_o mixture_n can_v not_o be_v suppose_v to_o sweat_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n since_o it_o taste_v not_o in_o the_o least_o of_o saline_a ingredient_n but_o lest_o our_o sense_n shall_v misinform_v we_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a in_o this_o mixture_n we_o at_o another_o time_n immerse_v a_o weatherglass_n in_o which_o the_o liquor_n subside_v above_o four_o inch_n low_a than_o in_o common_a water_n though_o the_o acid_n liquor_n itself_o be_v keep_v all_o night_n in_o a_o room_n with_o water_n be_v of_o the_o same_o temper_n with_o it_o which_o appear_v by_o a_o weatherglass_n immerse_v
in_o both_o successive_o and_o the_o salt_n itself_o be_v cast_v into_o water_n scarce_o make_v it_o sensible_o cold_a nor_o do_v the_o glass_n wherein_o this_o salt_n be_v keep_v disclose_v any_o remarkable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n and_o even_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n itself_o when_o the_o ebullition_n be_v over_o appear_v not_o cold_a than_o common_a water_n in_o a_o night_n time_n so_o that_o the_o coldness_n depend_v pure_o upon_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o ferment_a liquor_n and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o i_o make_v use_v of_o a_o spirit_n that_o be_v draw_v off_o at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o this_o salt_n and_o which_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o my_o sense_n appear_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n yet_o instead_o of_o a_o cold_a ebullition_n it_o produce_v a_o lukewarm_a heat_n and_o to_o these_o i_o shall_v further_o subjoin_v that_o though_o the_o liquor_n above_o mention_v will_v produce_v a_o cold_a ferment_n with_o the_o dry_a salt_n yet_o with_o the_o spirit_n it_o grow_v warm_a though_o some_o of_o the_o same_o frigorifick_a spirit_n keep_v warm_a by_o the_o fire_n till_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o weatherglass_n rise_v yet_o upon_o the_o inject_n of_o some_o of_o the_o dry_a salt_n it_o will_v be_v manifest_o depress_v nay_o though_o the_o spirit_n and_o salt_n be_v both_o warm_a yet_o upon_o their_o mixture_n they_o will_v produce_v a_o manifest_a coldness_n and_o to_o this_o experiment_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o salt_n of_o tartar_n mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n produce_v upon_o their_o ebullition_n a_o degree_n of_o coldness_n great_a than_o that_o of_o water_n and_o when_o a_o weatherglass_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o water_n into_o it_o a_o hour_n after_o the_o ferment_n the_o spirit_n be_v depress_v about_o half_a a_o inch_n though_o salt_n of_o pot-ash_n mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n produce_v heat_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o same_o weatherglass_n successive_o immerse_v in_o either_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o mechanical_a origin_n or_o production_n of_o heat_n heat_n of_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o heat_n heat_v be_v a_o quality_n who_o nature_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o a_o mechanical_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n say_v to_o be_v hot_a it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o note_v that_o the_o three_o follow_a condition_n be_v necessary_a in_o modify_v that_o motion_n first_o that_o the_o motion_n be_v more_o rapid_a than_o in_o body_n bare_o fluid_a so_o water_n become_v hot_a by_o a_o increase_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n which_o argue_v their_o vehement_a motion_n by_o dissolve_v butter_n and_o rise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n which_o effect_n be_v more_o conspicuous_a as_o the_o degree_n of_o motion_n be_v great_a or_o less_o another_o instance_n to_o show_v that_o the_o part_n of_o hot_a water_n be_v in_o a_o more_o violent_a agitation_n than_o those_o of_o cold_a be_v in_o water_n cast_v upon_o a_o hot_a iron_n for_o they_o present_o acquire_v such_o a_o additional_a motion_n from_o that_o hot_a body_n that_o it_o hiss_v and_o boil_v yield_v steam_n copious_o but_o a_o strong_a instance_n of_o the_o vehement_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o hot_a body_n be_v in_o actual_a flame_n since_o they_o move_v so_o impetuous_o as_o to_o dissolve_v and_o shatter_v whatever_o lie_v in_o their_o way_n a_o second_o condition_n requisite_a to_o render_v a_o body_n hot_a be_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n be_v various_o determine_v which_o variety_n of_o determination_n be_v apparent_a in_o fire_n which_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n on_o the_o same_o body_n whatsoever_o be_v their_o situation_n in_o respect_n of_o that_o fire_n so_o a_o red_a coal_n melt_v wax_n whether_o hold_v above_o below_z or_o on_o one_o side_n of_o it_o and_o that_o a_o various_o determine_v motion_n be_v requisite_a appear_v if_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o rapid_a motion_n of_o water_n in_o a_o river_n which_o be_v only_o one_o way_n contribute_v not_o to_o the_o increase_n of_o its_o heat_n a_o three_o requisite_a be_v that_o the_o part_n in_o such_o a_o motion_n shall_v be_v very_a minute_n so_o as_o to_o be_v insensible_a since_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o though_o sand_n be_v put_v into_o a_o violent_a motion_n it_o acquire_v not_o a_o heat_n by_o it_o this_o account_n of_o heat_n be_v consider_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o a_o body_n may_v become_v hot_a as_o many_o way_n as_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o have_v its_o part_n put_v into_o such_o a_o motion_n to_o illustrate_v which_o observation_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v some_o instance_n of_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n several_a way_n as_o first_o by_o a_o effusion_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o salt_n of_o tartar_n aq._n fortis_fw-la upon_o silver_n but_o to_o pass_v over_o these_o common_a instance_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o some_o not_o so_o frequent_o know_v have_v first_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o heat_n which_o succeed_v a_o effusion_n of_o cold_a water_n upon_o quicklime_n which_o phaenomenon_n though_o it_o be_v common_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o a_o antiperistasis_n upon_o the_o enclosure_n of_o the_o lime_n in_o cold_a water_n yet_o that_o the_o effect_n be_v produce_v by_o another_o cause_n appear_v since_o the_o like_a succeed_v if_o hot_a water_n be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o cold_a and_o further_o because_o though_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n be_v pour_v on_o it_o cold_a no_o such_o effect_n follow_v experiment_n i._n though_o helmont_n ascribe_v the_o incalescence_n of_o quicklime_n upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n to_o a_o conflict_n of_o a_o alkalizate_n and_o a_o acid_a salt_n set_v at_o liberty_n by_o be_v dissolve_v in_o the_o water_n yet_o since_o no_o such_o acid_n appear_v to_o be_v latent_fw-la in_o quicklime_n the_o account_n be_v unsatisfactory_a for_o i_o may_v as_o well_o suppose_v a_o acid_n latent_fw-la in_o other_o alkaly_n in_o as_o much_o as_o salt_n of_o tartar_n mix_v with_o water_n either_o in_o the_o palm_n of_o one_o hand_n or_o in_o a_o vial_n afford_v a_o sensible_a heat_n experiment_n two_o iii_o iu_o other_o think_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o quicklime_n proceed_v from_o some_o fiery_a empyrumatical_a atom_n lodge_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o stone_n when_o calcine_v and_o set_v at_o liberty_n in_o the_o form_n of_o effluvia_fw-la but_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n since_o no_o such_o heat_n succeed_v a_o affusion_n of_o water_n upon_o minium_n or_o crocus_n martis_n per_fw-la se_fw-la though_o their_o increase_n of_o weight_n argue_v that_o they_o be_v stuff_v with_o fiery_a and_o metalline_a particle_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o know_v two_o liquor_n which_o be_v several_a time_n separate_v and_o reconjoin_v without_o addition_n do_v at_o each_o congress_n acquire_v a_o sensible_a heat_n so_o salt_n of_o tartar_n several_a time_n free_v from_o water_n water_n the_o effect_n of_o a_o mixture_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o water_n will_v produce_v heat_n when_o mix_v again_o with_o that_o water_n which_o show_v that_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v not_o requisite_a to_o impress_v upon_o all_o calcine_v body_n that_o will_v heat_n with_o water_n what_o pass_v for_o a_o empyreum_fw-la and_o this_o phaenomenon_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v proceed_v from_o a_o disposition_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o salt_n be_v stock_v with_o store_n of_o igneous_a part_n which_o upon_o a_o ingress_n of_o water_n press_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v apt_a to_o break_v the_o texture_n of_o that_o body_n and_o to_o put_v they_o in_o motion_n so_o as_o to_o produce_v a_o sensible_a heat_n and_o that_o the_o ferment_n depend_v upon_o the_o peculiar_a texture_n of_o the_o salt_n i_o be_o persuade_v and_o a_o constipation_n of_o the_o pore_n of_o it_o since_o sal-armon_a dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o boil_v to_o a_o dry_a salt_n be_v not_o so_o much_o impregnate_v with_o fiery_a part_n as_o to_o cause_v a_o heat_n upon_o its_o mixture_n with_o water_n again_o but_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o cold_a and_o though_o one_o will_v expect_v a_o great_a cognation_n betwixt_o the_o particle_n of_o fire_n adhere_v to_o quicklime_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n whole_o inflammable_a yet_o the_o latter_a pour_v upon_o the_o former_a do_v not_o produce_v any_o sensible_a incalescence_n or_o dissolution_n of_o it_o and_o when_o this_o spirit_n be_v soak_v into_o it_o i_o pour_v water_n upon_o it_o without_o perceive_v the_o least_o heat_n or_o the_o lime_n break_v till_o within_o a_o few_o hour_n after_o so_o that_o the_o spirit_n be_v suck_v into_o the_o most_o capacious_a pore_n of_o the_o lime_n and_o associate_a with_o the_o water_n render_v it_o more_o unfit_a to_o
penetrate_v the_o minute_a pore_n and_o to_o dissolve_v the_o lime_n experiment_n v._n quicklime_n be_v immerse_v in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n in_o a_o retort_n and_o the_o spirit_n and_o phlegm_n draw_v off_o the_o remain_a quicklime_n instead_o of_o be_v slack_v be_v a_o more_o fiery_a substance_n than_o before_o for_o if_o a_o piece_n of_o it_o be_v throw_v into_o water_n it_o will_v hiss_v like_o a_o coal_n and_o heat_v the_o liquor_n which_o property_n it_o retain_v several_a week_n be_v keep_v close_o from_o the_o air._n whence_o it_o appear_v how_o much_o the_o texture_n of_o quicklime_n and_o the_o association_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n improve_n that_o texture_n contribute_v to_o the_o phaenomena_n offord_v by_o quicklime_n and_o that_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v associate_v with_o the_o quicklime_n be_v probable_a since_o part_v of_o it_o become_v a_o spiritless_a phlegm_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v quicklime_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n sometime_o to_o come_v over_o in_o white_a fume_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o in_o such_o distillation_n the_o odour_n of_o the_o spirit_n have_v not_o only_o be_v change_v but_o its_o taste_n render_v more_o fiery_a and_o brisk_a but_o the_o success_n be_v not_o always_o the_o same_o be_v diversify_v according_a to_o difference_n of_o the_o quicklime_n which_o may_v be_v more_o or_o less_o calcine_v or_o the_o stone_n may_v be_v of_o a_o different_a nature_n itself_o experiment_n vi._n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o other_o experiment_n which_o show_v that_o heat_n may_v be_v produce_v mechanical_o a_o nail_n hasty_o hammer_v grow_v hot_a the_o part_n of_o the_o metal_n be_v by_o that_o force_n vehement_o and_o various_o determine_v though_o the_o hammer_n and_o anvil_n be_v not_o warm_a so_o that_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v not_o requisite_a a_o calorifick_a body_n shall_v be_v hot_a itself_o the_o hammer_n be_v able_a though_o cold_a to_o warm_v the_o iron_n it_o beat_v upon_o and_o so_o the_o head_n of_o a_o nail_n grow_v hot_a when_o it_o can_v pierce_v no_o deep_o into_o wood_n the_o force_n of_o the_o beat_a hammer_n be_v not_o spend_v in_o depress_v the_o nail_n but_o put_v the_o resist_a part_n into_o agitation_n experiment_n vii_o and_o once_o i_o cause_v a_o piece_n of_o iron_n to_o be_v beat_v by_o three_o smith_n till_o it_o grow_v so_o hot_a as_o to_o kindle_v sulphur_n upon_o it_o experiment_n viii_o and_o that_o heat_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o percussion_n and_o attrition_n appear_v further_a since_o iron_n grow_v hot_a by_o be_v boil_v a_o knife_n by_o whet_v a_o brass_n nail_n by_o be_v rub_v and_o flint_n by_o be_v strike_v together_o experiment_n ix_o to_o show_v that_o heat_n may_v be_v produce_v without_o the_o attrition_n of_o contiguous_a air_n i_o place_v pitch_n under_o water_n and_o by_o the_o sunbeam_n cast_v into_o a_o focus_n by_o a_o burn_a glass_n upon_o it_o it_o be_v not_o only_o melt_v but_o seem_v to_o boil_v and_o smoke_n experiment_n x._o the_o powder_n of_o slack_v quicklime_n wash_v from_o its_o salt_n be_v mix_v with_o salarmoniack_a and_o melt_v together_o the_o cold_a mass_n be_v put_v into_o a_o glass_n upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n grow_v too_o hot_a to_o be_v touch_v with_o one_o hand_n though_o the_o salarmoniack_a itself_o in_o water_n produce_v cold._n experiment_n xi_o salarmoniack_a and_o file_n of_o steel_n be_v sublime_v together_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n in_o which_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o salt_n remain_v instead_o of_o increase_v the_o coldness_n of_o water_n be_v pour_v upon_o it_o several_a month_n after_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n be_v first_o lay_v up_o give_v the_o water_n a_o notable_a degree_n of_o heat_n experiment_n xii_o equal_a part_n of_o antimony_n and_o salarmoniack_a be_v sublime_v with_o several_a degree_n of_o heat_n in_o a_o glass-vessel_n we_o obtain_v three_o several_a substance_n which_o be_v several_o powder_v the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n which_o be_v like_o antimony_n be_v put_v into_o water_n in_o which_o a_o thermoscope_n be_v immerse_v scarce_o raise_v the_o liquor_n sensible_o but_o the_o yellow_a sublimate_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o sulphureous_a flower_n of_o antimony_n and_o the_o more_o volatile_a salt_n of_o the_o salarmoniack_a cause_v the_o weatherglass_n in_o another_o parcel_n of_o water_n to_o descend_v a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n and_o the_o low_a sublimate_n which_o be_v black_a be_v put_v into_o a_o three_o parcel_n of_o water_n the_o liquor_n in_o the_o weatherglass_n subside_v near_o three_o inch_n but_o the_o like_a experiment_n be_v try_v with_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n of_o minium_n and_o salarmoniack_a it_o neither_o cause_v the_o liquor_n in_o the_o weatherglass_n to_o rise_v or_o fall_v but_o the_o sublimate_n raise_v from_o these_o ingredient_n cause_v the_o liquor_n to_o subside_o a_o little_a experiment_n xiii_o whether_o solvent_n dissolve_v mineral_n and_o cause_n that_o heat_v observable_a in_o their_o action_n by_o any_o antipathy_n betwixt_o the_o mineral_n and_o the_o menstruum_fw-la or_o whether_o it_o do_v not_o rather_o proceed_v from_o the_o violent_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o metal_n either_o dissolve_v by_o the_o insinuation_n of_o its_o part_n into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o metal_n or_o by_o obstruct_v the_o passage_n of_o some_o aethereal_a matter_n through_o those_o pore_n which_o want_v its_o usual_a course_n dissolve_v the_o metal_n by_o force_v a_o new_a way_n i_o shall_v not_o undertake_v to_o determine_v but_o have_v agitate_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n with_o four_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o water_n thereby_o it_o obtain_v a_o sensible_a heat_n from_o which_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o heat_v produce_v by_o mineral_n depend_v not_o on_o a_o conflict_n of_o acid_n and_o alkaly_n since_o water_n be_v void_a of_o either_o of_o those_o chemical_a quality_n experiment_n fourteen_o if_o a_o piece_n of_o wet_a ice_n be_v throw_v into_o a_o viol_n which_o before_o contain_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n the_o oil_n mix_v with_o the_o water_n dissolve_v the_o ice_n and_o cause_v a_o strong_a fermentation_n and_o a_o violent_a heat_n experiment_n xv._o half_n a_o ounce_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v mix_v with_o a_o ounce_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n acquire_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o heat_n present_o and_o almost_o most_o fill_v the_o bottle_n with_o fume_n and_o the_o bottle_n grow_v so_o hot_a at_o the_o last_o that_o i_o can_v not_o hold_v it_o in_o my_o hand_n the_o like_a succeed_v only_o in_o a_o more_o remiss_a degree_n with_o common_a brandy_n and_o also_o with_o aqua_fw-la vitæ_fw-la experiment_n xvi_o though_o the_o chemist_n teach_v that_o the_o incalescence_n of_o body_n depend_v on_o a_o antipathy_n of_o the_o mix_a body_n yet_o i_o find_v a_o intense_a heat_v ensue_v the_o mixture_n of_o part_n of_o the_o same_o body_n viz._n calcine_v colcothar_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n experiment_n xvii_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n mix_v together_o produce_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o heat_n experiment_n xviii_o a_o ounce_n of_o rectify_v petroleum_n be_v mix_v with_o a_o equal_a weight_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n the_o former_a liquor_n seem_v to_o work_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o this_o like_o a_o menstruum_fw-la upon_o metal_n the_o fume_n of_o the_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n rise_v into_o the_o ol._n petrae_fw-la and_o the_o mutual_a re-action_n of_o both_o the_o liquor_n cause_v a_o moderate_a warmness_n and_o we_o have_v almost_o the_o like_a success_n with_o petroleum_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n but_o in_o these_o last_o mention_v trial_n spirit_n of_o salt_n make_v use_v of_o instead_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n have_v no_o such_o considerable_a effect_n experiment_n xix_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n cause_v a_o considerable_a effervescence_n upon_o file_n of_o steel_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v soak_v in_o water_n and_o it_o will_v grow_v sensible_o hot_a with_o lime_n oyster-shell_n chalk_n lapis_n calaminaris_n etc._n etc._n experiment_n xx._n oil_n of_o vitriol_n grow_v hot_a with_o cherry_n and_o likewise_o with_o raisin_n of_o the_o sun_n beat_v in_o a_o mortar_n as_o well_o as_o with_o several_a other_o vegetable_a substance_n and_o very_o considerable_o with_o crumb_n of_o white_a bread_n experiment_n xxi_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n cause_v a_o considerable_a heat_n if_o mix_v with_o mince_a flesh_n experiment_n xxii_o though_o sea-salt_n impart_v a_o coldness_n to_o water_n yet_o with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n it_o cause_v heat_n yet_o with_o sal_fw-la armon_n part_n of_o which_o consist_v of_o common_a salt_n it_o produce_v a_o coldness_n experiment_n xxiii_o common_a sulphur_n acquire_v a_o heat_n by_o attritition_n and_o emit_v sulphureous_a steam_n copious_o so_o that_o sulphur_n itself_o as_o well_o as_o other_o body_n owe_v its_o heat_n to_o local_a motion_n experiment_n xxiv_o equal_a part_n
of_o sal_fw-la armon_n and_o quicklime_n be_v flux_v together_o a_o ounce_n of_o the_o powder_n put_v into_o water_n cause_v a_o violent_a heat_n though_o sal_fw-la armon_n itself_o produce_v cold._n experiment_n xxv_o we_o observe_v that_o beat_a sublimate_n be_v mix_v with_o powder_a antimony_n after_o it_o have_v stand_v some_o time_n in_o the_o air_n the_o mixture_n grow_v sensible_o hot_a which_o phaenomenon_n i_o attribute_v in_o part_n to_o the_o moisture_n imbibe_v from_o the_o air_n since_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o make_v the_o experiment_n succeed_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v expose_v in_o a_o moist_a cellar_n experiment_n xxvi_o trial_n have_v assure_v i_o that_o in_o summer_n fine_a sulphur_n and_o file_n of_o steel_n be_v mix_v together_o in_o water_n will_v grow_v intense_o hot_a if_o stir_v about_o a_o hour_n after_o they_o be_v mix_v and_o will_v likewise_o emit_v steam_n copious_o experiment_n xxvii_o several_a trial_n have_v convince_v i_o that_o a_o mercury_n may_v be_v so_o prepare_v as_o to_o afford_v a_o incalescence_n with_o gold_n experiment_n xxviii_o have_v distil_v from_o quicksilver_n four_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v reduce_v it_o to_o a_o powder_n which_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o salt_n of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v white_a and_o glister_a and_o be_v put_v into_o water_n in_o which_o a_o weatherglass_n be_v immerse_v it_o cause_v the_o spirit_n to_o rise_v manifest_o which_o be_v the_o more_o remarkable_a because_o helmont_n observe_v that_o the_o salt_n adhere_v to_o the_o mercury_n corrode_v in_o a_o good_a quantity_n by_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n if_o it_o be_v wash_v off_o and_o coagulate_v become_v a_o kind_n of_o alum_n and_o this_o phaenomenon_n be_v still_o the_o more_o remarkable_a because_o vitriolum_fw-la martis_n make_v with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o file_n of_o steel_n be_v put_v into_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v not_o impel_v up_o as_o by_o the_o former_a mixture_n but_o after_o a_o while_n rather_o subside_v common_a sublimate_n dissolve_v in_o water_n neither_o sensible_o depress_v or_o raise_v the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n chap._n xiii_o of_o mercury_n grow_v hot_a with_o gold_n communicate_v in_o the_o transaction_n of_o feb._n 21._o 1675_o 6._o gold_n of_o mercury_n grow_v ho_o with_o gold_n have_v obtain_v a_o mercury_n fine_a and_o clean_o and_o even_o purge_v by_o sublimation_n and_o distillation_n and_o incorporate_v a_o multitude_n of_o heterogeneous_a particle_n with_o it_o so_o that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v discover_v and_o much_o less_o separate_v except_o by_o a_o skilful_a artist_n i_o mix_v sometime_o half_a and_o sometime_o a_o equal_a quantity_n of_o calx_fw-la of_o gold_n with_o this_o mercury_n in_o the_o palm_n of_o my_o hand_n stir_v and_o press_v it_o with_o the_o finger_n of_o my_o other_o hand_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o ingredient_n be_v mix_v they_o grow_v sensible_o hot_a in_o a_o minute_n and_o i_o observe_v that_o when_o they_o be_v mix_v in_o equal_a quantity_n they_o will_v produce_v a_o much_o great_a degree_n of_o heat_n than_o if_o their_o proportion_n be_v not_o exact_a and_o the_o like_a success_n ensue_v when_o the_o mixture_n be_v preserve_v from_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o skin_n by_o be_v contain_v in_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n lay_v betwixt_o my_o hand_n and_o it_o and_o the_o same_o succeed_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o other_o person_n but_o with_o silver_n it_o will_v not_o produce_v a_o incalescence_n but_o though_o this_o mercury_n grow_v hot_a with_o gold_n yet_o i_o much_o question_n whether_o as_o chemist_n call_v they_o mercurii_n corporum_fw-la make_v by_o extraction_n from_o mineral_n and_o metal_n will_v grow_v hot_a with_o gold_n as_o i_o find_v antimonial_a mercury_n do_v and_o i_o be_o far_o from_o affirm_v that_o that_o which_o be_v call_v philosophic_a mercury_n or_o even_o those_o obtain_v from_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v fit_a for_o such_o use_n than_o common_a mercury_n skilful_o purge_v and_o impregnate_v with_o the_o subtle_a and_o active_a particle_n of_o congruous_a metal_n and_o mineral_n to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o this_o mercury_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o it_o preserve_v its_o quality_n of_o grow_v hot_a with_o gold_n two_o or_o three_o year_n and_o though_o it_o be_v distil_v from_o gold_n again_o and_o again_o and_o whereas_o its_o usual_a to_o take_v eight_o or_o ten_o part_n of_o quicksilver_n to_o make_v a_o amalgama_n with_o gold_n this_o mercury_n will_v do_v it_o be_v use_v in_o a_o equal_a proportion_n as_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o prepare_v this_o mercury_n i_o do_v think_v it_o convenient_a to_o publish_v it_o only_o this_o i_o shall_v say_v that_o it_o may_v be_v make_v more_o way_n than_o one_o and_o without_o employ_v antimony_n or_o such_o solid_a metal_n as_o mars_n but_o that_o of_o we_o i_o observe_v succeed_v best_a in_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n by_o be_v mix_v with_o quercetanus_n calx_fw-la of_o gold_n viz._n by_o melt_a gold_n with_o three_o or_o four_o part_n of_o silver_n for_o by_o put_v this_o into_o aq._n fortis_fw-la the_o silver_n will_v be_v dissolve_v and_o the_o gold_n remain_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o calx_fw-la but_o lest_o a_o incalescence_n produce_v by_o such_o a_o calx_fw-la shall_v be_v suppose_v to_o proceed_v from_o saline_a particle_n of_o the_o aq._n fortis_fw-la work_v on_o the_o quicksilver_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o it_o will_v not_o produce_v such_o a_o effect_n on_o common_a quicksilver_n but_o we_o will_v cause_v a_o incalescence_n even_o with_o pure_a leaf-gold_n chap._n fourteen_o new_a experiment_n to_o make_v fire_n and_o flame_n ponderable_a experiment_n i._n a_o thin_a plate_n of_o copper_n be_v place_v in_o a_o crucible_n which_o have_v a_o hole_n on_o purpose_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o this_o crucible_n be_v invert_v into_o another_o which_o contain_v flame_v sulphur_n so_o that_o the_o copperplate_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o flame_n of_o it_o in_o two_o hour_n the_o sulphur_n be_v consume_v the_o copperplate_n be_v manifest_o swell_v and_o though_o its_o weight_n at_o the_o first_o be_v but_o a_o dram_n and_o a_o half_a and_o twenty_o five_o grain_n yet_o it_o become_v thirty_o two_o grain_n heavy_a which_o be_v about_o a_o five_o part_n above_o its_o former_a weight_n experiment_n ii_o refine_a silver_n be_v place_v over_o the_o flame_n of_o sulphur_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o copper_n be_v in_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a weigh_v one_o dram_n five_o grain_n and_o three_o quarter_n its_o weight_n before_o be_v a_o dram_n want_v two_o grain_n whether_o it_o depend_v on_o the_o closeness_n of_o the_o metal_n and_o incongruity_n of_o the_o pore_n that_o silver_n acquire_v not_o proportionable_o so_o great_a a_o weight_n as_o copper_n i_o shall_v leave_v to_o the_o reader_n to_o consider_v but_o from_o these_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o fire_n like_o other_o menstruum_n may_v be_v unite_v with_o the_o body_n it_o work_v upon_o experiment_n iii_o and_o iu_o a_o ounce_n of_o copper_n plate_n be_v keep_v in_o a_o shallow_a crucible_n in_o a_o cuppel_a furnace_n two_o hour_n weight_v thirty_o grain_n more_o than_o before_o but_o a_o ounce_n of_o file_n in_o three_o hour_n time_n be_v cake_v into_o a_o lump_n and_o weigh_v forty_o nine_o grain_n more_o than_o before_o experiment_n v._n calcine_v hartshorn_n and_o a_o ounce_n of_o brick_n be_v two_o hour_n in_o a_o cupel_a furnace_n the_o latter_a neither_o increase_v or_o lose_v of_o its_o weight_n but_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o scale_n by_o imbibeing_n the_o moisture_n of_o the_o air_n in_o a_o little_a time_n cause_v it_o to_o preponderate_a but_o the_o hartshorn_n lose_v near_o eight_o grain_n of_o its_o former_a weight_n which_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o evaporation_n of_o some_o moist_a particle_n of_o the_o air_n because_o by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n a_o while_n it_o increase_v in_o weight_n again_o experiment_n vi_o and_o vii_o a_o ounce_n of_o tin_n be_v calcine_v in_o a_o cupel_n under_o a_o mouffler_n in_o two_o hour_n have_v gain_v a_o dram_n in_o weight_n and_o a_o ounce_n of_o lead_n place_v upon_o a_o cupel_n make_v of_o calcine_v hartshorn_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o litharge_n upon_o it_o and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o cupel_n be_v lose_v in_o the_o fire_n yet_o the_o lead_n and_o it_o weigh_v seven_o grain_n more_o than_o before_o experiment_n viii_o a_o cupel_n make_v of_o ten_o part_n of_o bone-ash_n and_o one_o of_o charcoal-ash_n with_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o ale_n weigh_v about_o two_o ounce_n and_o this_o be_v place_v under_o a_o mouffler_n and_o weigh_v again_o when_o it_o be_v thorough_o hot_a it_o weigh_v two_o grain_n more_o but_o be_v keep_v under_o the_o
convenient_a for_o the_o more_o commodious_a discern_v of_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o this_o experiment_n to_o try_v it_o in_o a_o dark_a place_n and_o fourthly_a it_o be_v convenient_a to_o advertise_v that_o the_o sulphur_n frequent_o so_o obscure_v the_o glass_n with_o its_o fume_n which_o partly_o stick_v to_o it_o that_o sometime_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o discern_v what_o happen_v within_o the_o glass_n five_o it_o be_v requisite_a the_o heat_n of_o the_o iron_n shall_v be_v considerable_a that_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o sulphur_n may_v be_v more_o last_v the_o flame_a of_o it_o depend_v on_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o iron_n and_o not_o the_o force_n of_o its_o own_o flame_n experiment_n iii_o a_o very_a volatile_a and_o saline_a pierce_a liquor_n be_v drop_v upon_o file_n of_o steel_n the_o mixture_n grow_v hot_a and_o emit_v out_o of_o the_o vial_n it_o be_v contain_v in_o very_o fetid_v steam_n which_o will_v kindle_v at_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n and_o continue_v to_o burn_v a_o good_a while_n where_o we_o convey_v it_o into_o our_o receiver_n and_o upon_o the_o first_o exsuction_n of_o air_n it_o flame_v brisk_a than_o before_o and_o likewise_o upon_o the_o second_o and_o three_o but_o after_o it_o go_v out_o it_o will_v not_o be_v kindle_v again_o though_o the_o air_n be_v let_v in_o upon_o it_o experiment_n iu._n spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v impregnate_v with_o a_o mineral_n which_o tinge_v its_o flame_n i_o convey_v it_o into_o the_o receiver_n in_o a_o small_a glass-lamp_n with_o a_o slender_a wick_n and_o observe_v that_o in_o half_a a_o minute_n after_o the_o pump_n be_v ply_v the_o flame_n be_v extinguish_v but_o let_v air_n in_o and_o out_o as_o occasion_v require_v i_o observe_v that_o when_o the_o flame_n begin_v to_o decay_v the_o turn-key_n be_v successive_o draw_v almost_o out_o the_o flame_n last_v a_o minute_n and_o a_o half_a and_o sometime_o long_o the_o turn-key_n be_v take_v out_o in_o the_o beginning_n it_o last_v two_o minute_n or_o better_o a_o pipe_n be_v bed_v in_o the_o cement_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o have_v at_o each_o end_n a_o open_a orifice_n almost_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o that_o which_o the_o turn-key_n usual_o fill_v the_o flame_n burn_v very_o well_o and_o will_v have_v continue_v long_o than_o it_o do_v if_o we_o will_v have_v permit_v it_o the_o orifice_n at_o the_o top_n be_v stop_v the_o low_a be_v leave_v open_a yet_o the_o flame_n begin_v to_o decay_v but_o air_n be_v blow_v in_o with_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o it_o be_v present_o refresh_v again_o yet_o in_o a_o minute_n after_o it_o be_v quite_o extinguish_v experiment_n v._n water_n flame_n preserve_v under_o water_n though_o it_o be_v teach_v that_o naptha_n and_o camphire_n will_v burn_v under_o water_n yet_o i_o can_v never_o find_v that_o they_o will_v but_o three_o ounce_n of_o gunpowder_n a_o drachm_n of_o well_o burn_a charcoal_n good_a sulphur_n half_a a_o drachm_n of_o choice_n salt-petre_n near_o a_o drachm_n and_o a_o half_a be_v all_o powder_a and_o mix_v together_o a_o quill_n or_o a_o tobacco-pipe_n stop_v at_o one_o end_n be_v fill_v with_o this_o mixture_n and_o kindle_v in_o the_o air_n will_v burn_v till_o it_o be_v whole_o consume_v under_o water_n the_o force_n of_o the_o flame_n keep_v the_o water_n from_o break_v in_o upon_o it_o at_o the_o open_a end_n in_o which_o experiment_n flame_n seem_v to_o be_v continue_v without_o air_n there_o be_v no_o air_n to_o preserve_v it_o under_o water_n but_o what_o may_v be_v lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n except_o some_o moist_a particle_n betwixt_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o nitre_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o necessity_n of_o air_n to_o preserve_v flame_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v rarify_v and_o form_n air_n for_o a_o time_n as_o the_o rarefy_v exhalation_n which_o flow_v out_o of_o a_o aeolipile_n which_o be_v not_o true_a and_o permanent_a air_n but_o present_o return_v to_o water_n again_o experiment_n vi._n vacuo_fw-la of_o the_o flame_a of_o a_o metal_n in_o vacuo_fw-la have_v place_v the_o piece_n of_o iron_n so_o often_o make_v use_n of_o in_o our_o receiver_n we_o design_v to_o let_v a_o parcel_n of_o sulphur_n fall_v upon_o it_o but_o when_o we_o go_v to_o drop_v the_o sulphur_n down_o by_o accident_n it_o fall_v on_o one_o side_n the_o iron_n and_o whilst_o we_o be_v consider_v what_o to_o do_v we_o discern_v a_o a_o blue_a flame_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o glass_n which_o continue_v much_o long_o than_o that_o of_o ordinary_a sulphur_n and_o when_o we_o open_v the_o receiver_n we_o find_v that_o it_o be_v afford_v by_o a_o metalline_a substance_n which_o lie_v melt_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o concave_a superficies_n of_o the_o iron_n be_v a_o composition_n of_o lead_n and_o tin_n but_o though_o these_o metal_n mix_v so_o open_v the_o body_n of_o each_o other_o as_o to_o yield_v a_o sulphureous_a fuel_n for_o flame_n in_o vacuo_fw-la yet_o in_o the_o open_a air_n they_o will_v not_o the_o iii_o title_n of_o the_o difficult_a propagation_n of_o actual_a flame_n in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it experiment_n i._n have_v kindle_v some_o sulphur_n which_o be_v of_o a_o peculiar_a sort_n upon_o the_o iron_n so_o often_o mention_v i_o let_v down_o a_o piece_n of_o spunk_n upon_o it_o when_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v and_o by_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o flame_n it_o be_v turn_v into_o a_o substance_n as_o black_a and_o brittle_a as_o tinder_n and_o dispose_v to_o kindle_v when_o touch_v with_o fire_n experiment_n ii_o another_o parcel_n of_o the_o same_o sulphur_n be_v kindle_v in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it camphire_n though_o in_o the_o open_a air_n dispose_v to_o draw_v the_o flame_n of_o sulphur_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o kindle_v by_o hang_v in_o the_o flame_n of_o it_o and_o a_o match_n be_v partly_o dip_v in_o sulphur_n and_o let_v down_o upon_o the_o hot_a iron_n burn_v as_o far_o as_o the_o sulphur_n reach_v but_o no_o further_o experiment_n iii_o and_o iu_o have_v place_v a_o piece_n of_o paper_n upon_o the_o plate_n of_o our_o pump_n and_o whelm_v over_o it_o a_o very_a clear_a and_o thin_a receiver_n we_o lay_v a_o train_n of_o gunpowder_n upon_o the_o paper_n and_o observe_v that_o though_o by_o a_o good_a burning-glass_n several_a grain_n will_v be_v explode_v yet_o those_o will_v not_o kindle_v those_o that_o be_v contiguous_a to_o they_o the_o propagation_n of_o flame_n so_o much_o depend_v on_o the_o free_a access_n of_o air._n and_o to_o confirm_v this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o little_a instrument_n make_v to_o try_v gunpowder_n be_v charge_v and_o prime_v and_o suspend_v in_o vacuo_fw-la though_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o burning-glass_n the_o prime_a will_v be_v explode_v yet_o that_o will_v not_o kindle_v the_o powder_n contain_v in_o the_o box_n but_o when_o the_o exhaust_a air_n be_v let_v in_o again_o and_o the_o pan_n new_o prime_v though_o the_o receiver_n be_v shut_v it_o will_v in_o that_o close_a air_n go_v off_o ready_o and_o also_o in_o the_o open_a air._n experiment_n v._n gunpowder_n be_v put_v into_o two_o bubble_n one_o of_o which_o be_v exhaust_v and_o the_o other_o not_o they_o be_v place_v upon_o live-coal_n upon_o which_o when_o they_o have_v stand_v a_o while_n they_o where_o both_o burst_n in_o piece_n but_o without_o the_o appearance_n of_o any_o flame_n which_o effect_n seem_v to_o depend_v on_o this_o viz._n that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o coal_n act_v not_o only_o on_o a_o few_o grain_n of_o powder_n at_o once_o but_o upon_o the_o whole_a area_n so_o that_o every_o particle_n be_v equal_o act_v on_o as_o to_o sense_n they_o be_v explode_v at_o the_o same_o time_n so_o the_o focus_n of_o a_o burning-glass_n act_v uniform_o on_o aurum_fw-la fulminans_fw-la cause_v it_o to_o explode_v at_o once_o but_o it_o may_v be_v so_o order_v that_o the_o focus_n not_o sufficient_o warm_v one_o part_n a_o partial_a explosion_n will_v only_o ensue_v chap._n xviii_o new_a experiment_n about_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o air_n and_o the_o flamma_n vitalis_n of_o animal_n experiment_n i._n air._n animal_n include_v in_o receiver_n with_o flame_n and_o air._n rectify_a spirit_n of_o wine_n contain_v in_o a_o glass-lamp_n with_o a_o thin_a wick_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o small_a green-finch_n be_v both_o convey_v into_o a_o receiver_n eighteen_o inch_n high_a and_o which_o be_v large_a enough_o to_o contain_v about_o twenty_o pint_n of_o water_n the_o flame_n of_o the_o lamp_n be_v extinguish_v at_o the_o end_n of_o two_o minute_n but_o the_o bird_n be_v brisk_a at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o minute_n be_v take_v out_o and_o when_o the_o bird_n recover_v again_o the_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v
incumbent_a on_o the_o other_o part_n of_o it_o which_o will_v appear_v from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n and_o first_o if_o a_o cylindrical_a pipe_n open_a at_o both_o end_n be_v hold_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n and_o the_o low_a end_n be_v immerse_v three_o inch_n in_o water_n the_o liquid_a within_o the_o tube_n have_v a_o free_a communication_n will_v be_v of_o a_o equal_a height_n with_o the_o external_a water_n and_o in_o thin_a tube_n a_o little_a high_o but_o if_o oil_n be_v gradual_o pour_v upon_o the_o water_n without_o the_o pipe_n the_o superficial_a plain_n will_v have_v a_o great_a pressure_n upon_o it_o without_o than_o within_o and_o consequent_o the_o water_n under_o the_o tube_n find_v not_o so_o great_a a_o pressure_n within_o the_o pipe_n as_o without_o it_o gradual_o rise_v till_o the_o external_a and_o internal_a pressure_n upon_o the_o imaginary_a plain_n be_v equal_a but_o since_o this_o will_v be_v further_a evident_a from_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o follow_a paradox_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o they_o as_o soon_o as_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o the_o follow_a experiment_n to_o show_v air_n be_v not_o a_o body_n devoid_a of_o weight_n as_o some_o peripatetic_n suppose_v the_o first_o be_v that_o a_o glass_n bubble_n be_v blow_v who_o capacity_n be_v short_a of_o two_o cubical_a inch_n it_o be_v instant_o hermetical_o seal_v whilst_o hot_a and_o when_o it_o be_v cool_v be_v place_v in_o a_o nice_a pair_n of_o scale_n and_o then_o the_o apex_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v break_v off_o the_o air_n rush_v in_o with_o a_o noise_n cause_v the_o bubble_n to_o preponderate_v half_a a_o grain_n though_o by_o break_v of_o the_o stem_n under_o water_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o rarify_v air_n remain_v in_o the_o seal_a glass_n possess_v one_o four_o of_o its_o capacity_n another_o time_n the_o same_o experiment_n be_v try_v the_o air_n contain_v seem_v to_o weigh_v near_o three_o quarter_n of_o a_o grain_n and_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o receiver_n be_v fill_v with_o common_a water_n it_o weigh_v 905_o grain_n so_o that_o allow_v the_o air_n contain_v to_o take_v up_o one_o four_o and_o that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o remain_a part_n be_v ¼_n probable_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v about_o a_o grain_n and_o consequent_o the_o water_n weigh_v little_o more_o than_o nine_o hundred_o time_n as_o much_o as_o a_o equal_a bulk_n of_o air._n paradox_n i._n paradox_n 1_o that_o in_o water_n and_o other_o fluid_n the_o low_a part_n be_v press_v by_o the_o upper_a if_o in_o a_o glass_n of_o water_n 1._o see_v plate_n 2._o fig._n 1._o a_o b_o c_o d_o see_v plate_n the_o second_o fig._n the_o first_o a_o cylindrical_a tube_n be_v immerse_v which_o contain_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o that_o oil_n be_v suspend_v there_o by_o keep_v the_o upper_a orifice_n close_o after_o it_o have_v be_v suck_v up_o to_o a_o convenient_a height_n till_o the_o pipe_n be_v depress_v to_o a_o convenient_a depth_n in_o the_o water_n if_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o pipe_n b_o qui_fw-fr be_v immerse_v till_o it_o reach_v to_o the_o imaginary_a surface_n g_o h_n and_o the_o oil_n x_o q_o press_v no_o more_o upon_o that_o imaginary_a surface_n than_o the_o water_n without_o the_o tube_n than_o the_o oil_n will_v be_v suspend_v there_o and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o depress_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n below_o it_o but_o if_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o oil_n in_o the_o tube_n be_v much_o above_o the_o water_n and_o it_o press_v more_o upon_o the_o imaginary_a surface_n g_o h_n than_o the_o water_n without_o than_o it_o will_v make_v its_o way_n through_o that_o surface_n till_o the_o oil_n within_o and_o the_o water_n without_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la again_o so_o that_o they_o both_o equal_o press_v upon_o the_o surface_n g_o h_n and_o the_o like_a will_v happen_v if_o the_o tube_n be_v raise_v to_o the_o surface_n d_o s_o and_o gradual_o on_o to_o the_o surface_n l_o m_o for_o as_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a water_n grow_v less_o and_o less_o as_o the_o imaginary_a surface_n be_v near_a the_o top_n of_o the_o glass_n so_o the_o oil_n in_o the_o tube_n grow_v preponderant_a fall_v out_o at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o tube_n till_o the_o tube_n t_o v_n be_v almost_o raise_v to_o the_o surface_n l_o m_o but_o a_o little_a water_n press_v upon_o that_o surface_n the_o oil_n be_v almost_o whole_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o cylindrical_a cavity_n of_o it_o but_o if_o instead_o of_o raise_v the_o pipe_n p_o q_n it_o be_v depress_v to_o the_o position_n n_n o_o the_o water_n incumbent_a on_o the_o surface_n e_o f_o on_o the_o outside_n the_o pipe_n be_v more_o powerful_a than_o the_o cylinder_n or_o oil_n w_n ae_n which_o be_v only_o aequiponderant_a to_o a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n lean_v on_o the_o surface_n g_o h_n the_o oil_n must_v be_v buoy_v up_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a water_n and_o the_o space_n o_o ae_n fill_v with_o water_n so_o that_o the_o oil_n betwixt_o w_n ae_n and_o ae_n o_o be_v both_o aequiponderant_a to_o a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n they_o may_v equal_o press_v upon_o the_o surface_n e_o f_o with_o the_o water_n on_o the_o outside_n and_o agreeable_a to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v that_o the_o cylinder_n of_o oil_n x_o q_o will_v be_v something_o above_o the_o surface_n l_o m_o when_o the_o tube_n be_v only_o immerse_v to_o the_o surface_n q._n since_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n be_v specifical_o light_a than_o water_n the_o cylinder_n must_v be_v long_o to_o press_v upon_o the_o surface_n g_o h_n equal_o with_o a_o cylinder_n of_o water_n no_o long_o than_o from_o the_o surface_n l_o m_o to_o g_o h._n and_o if_o a_o heavy_a liquor_n than_o water_n be_v make_v use_n of_o the_o surface_n x_o must_v be_v more_o above_o l_o m_o than_o in_o water_n otherwise_o it_o will_v not_o press_v equal_o upon_o the_o subjacent_a surface_n from_o whence_o appear_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o proposition_n for_o if_o the_o oil_n be_v keep_v suspend_v at_o a_o different_a height_n as_o the_o external_a water_n be_v deep_a to_o countervail_v it_o and_o if_o as_o it_o be_v raise_v from_o g_o h_n to_o i_o k_o the_o oil_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pipe_n be_v press_v out_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v press_v down_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a oil_n since_o then_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n i_o k_o be_v not_o equal_o press_v upon_o from_o without_o as_o by_o the_o oil_n it_o be_v able_a to_o break_v that_o surface_n and_o make_v its_o way_n out_o but_o before_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o follow_a proposition_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a advertisement_n first_o what_o we_o say_v of_o the_o pressure_n of_o fluid_n upon_o one_o another_o be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o heavy_a fluid_n in_o general_a except_o some_o reason_n appear_v for_o a_o particular_a exception_n in_o some_o place_n second_o that_o in_o slender_a pipe_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o liquor_n within_o be_v general_o above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o external_a three_o small_a pipe_n be_v the_o fit_a for_o these_o experiment_n because_o in_o large_a the_o emerge_v oil_n pass_v through_o the_o water_n obscure_v the_o light_n of_o what_o be_v design_v to_o be_v visible_a four_o we_o make_v use_v of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n rather_o than_o any_o other_o liquor_n because_o clear_v and_o colourless_a and_o not_o apt_a to_o stain_v one_o clothes_n and_o as_o for_o the_o offensive_a smell_n that_o may_v be_v correct_v with_o oil_n of_o rhodium_n or_o any_o other_o odoriferous_a oil_n though_o any_o other_o liquor_n may_v be_v make_v use_n of_o that_o will_v not_o mix_v with_o water_n five_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n may_v be_v tinge_v with_o copper_n to_o render_v the_o phaenomena_n within_o more_o visible_a for_o which_o reason_n we_o often_o employ_v a_o decoction_n of_o brasil_n instead_o of_o clear_a water_n or_o of_o log-wood_n or_o red_a ink_n itself_o six_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o glass_n may_v be_v what_o you_o please_v but_o the_o pipe_n must_v be_v broad_a or_o long_o as_o occasion_n require_v seven_o the_o pipe_n be_v to_o be_v fill_v by_o suck_v up_o the_o air_n to_o a_o convenient_a height_n and_o then_o stop_v the_o orifice_n above_o with_o one_o finger_n but_o if_o it_o be_v too_o high_a the_o experimenter_n may_v let_v it_o out_o as_o he_o please_v by_o admit_v a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o air_n in_o at_o the_o top_n by_o gradual_o remove_v his_o finger_n last_o in_o such_o experiment_n as_o require_v a_o considerable_a disparity_n betwixt_o the_o two_o mingle_a liquor_n we_o may_v make_v use_n of_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la
be_v usual_o take_v for_o extraordinary_a medicine_n i_o shall_v lay_v down_o one_o which_o be_v a_o calces_fw-la prepare_v without_o the_o help_n of_o corrosive_n menstruum_n have_v dissolve_v gold_n in_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la and_o distil_v off_o so_o much_o of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la as_o to_o leave_v the_o gold_n dissolve_v in_o so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o to_o resemble_v a_o thick_a oily_a liquor_n upon_o which_o inflammable_a spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v pour_v a_o red_a calx_fw-la presenly_fw-mi subside_v and_o the_o like_a precipitation_n succeed_v upon_o mix_v spirit_n of_o wine_n again_o upon_o the_o decant_v liquor_n which_o be_v very_o much_o sweeten_v by_o the_o first_o infusion_n and_o this_o calx_fw-la be_v not_o only_o more_o subtle_a but_o mild_a and_o safe_a than_o common_a preparation_n and_o may_v be_v make_v yet_o more_o safe_a if_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v soccessive_o pour_v upon_o it_o and_o consume_v by_o deflagration_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o residue_n if_o there_o be_v any_o of_o corrosive_n saline_a part_n will_v be_v carry_v off_o but_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o be_v note_v here_o which_o be_v that_o among_o this_o calx_fw-la there_o be_v several_a particle_n which_o shine_v like_o gold_n so_o that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v more_o than_o ordinary_a care_n in_o the_o preparation_n to_o dissolve_v the_o gold_n perfect_o n._n b._n this_o menstruum_fw-la be_v not_o only_o in_o this_o but_o several_a other_o preparation_n preferable_a to_o common_a a_o r_n because_o the_o inflammable_a spirit_n be_v mix_v with_o it_o render_v it_o more_o spirituous_a experiment_n viii_o to_o try_v how_o much_o volatile_a salt_n may_v be_v dissolve_v in_o water_n we_o put_v a_o quantity_n of_o they_o both_o together_o in_o a_o moderate_a heat_n and_o find_v that_o a_o ounce_n and_o a_o drachm_n may_v be_v dissolve_v in_o three_o ounce_n of_o water_n experiment_n viii_o salt_n of_o tartar_n be_v dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o french_a verdigrease_n two_o or_o three_o time_n successive_o and_o the_o spirit_n be_v as_o often_o draw_v off_o by_o distillation_n the_o salt_n remain_v in_o a_o disposition_n to_o be_v dissolve_v in_o rectified_a spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o apt_a to_o be_v bring_v to_o fusion_n experiment_n ix_o to_o make_v a_o inflammable_a spirit_n of_o rose_n a_o quart_n of_o ale-yest_n be_v keep_v in_o fermentation_n five_o or_o six_o day_n together_o with_o two_o bushel_n of_o damask_n rose_n and_o red_a rose_n bud_n well_o beat_v yield_v a_o inflammable_a spirit_n be_v distil_v per_fw-la vesicam_fw-la experiment_n x._o about_o the_o chemical_a analysis_n of_o pearl_n pearl_n a_o chemical_a analysis_n of_o pearl_n from_o two_o ounce_n of_o oriental_a pearl_n distil_v in_o a_o retort_n in_o a_o sand_n furnace_n we_o obtain_v a_o black_a oil_n which_o swim_v upon_o a_o opacous_a and_o muddy_a spirit_n both_o be_v in_o weight_n about_o twenty_o three_o grain_n and_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o retort_n to_o the_o bottom_n be_v extend_v a_o film_n of_o oil_n which_o be_v about_o three_o grain_n be_v of_o a_o fetid_v smell_n and_o discolour_v spirit_n of_o wfne_v with_o a_o reddish_a brown_a tincture_n the_o oil_n and_o spirit_n also_o resemble_v hartshorn_n in_o smell_n and_o the_o latter_a have_v all_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o volatile_a alkaly_n as_o to_o turn_v sublimate_n white_a and_o syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a and_o to_o ferment_n with_o spirit_n of_o salt_n the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n which_o be_v black_a be_v calcine_v become_v white_a be_v of_o a_o hot_a and_o bitterish_a taste_n and_o capable_a of_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a as_o also_o when_o mix_v with_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n it_o will_v yield_v a_o orange_n colour_a precipitate_a chap._n ix_o of_o strange_a report_n relation_n i._n i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o a_o physician_n who_o live_v at_o brussels_n report_n strange_a report_n that_o he_o have_v prepare_v three_o or_o four_o resuscitable_a plant_n and_o i_o be_o likewise_o tell_v by_o a_o certain_a virtuoso_fw-la that_o he_o see_v two_o which_o a_o ingenious_a apothecary_n in_o namur_n have_v prepare_v viz._n carduus_fw-la benedictus_fw-la and_o camomile_n and_o though_o quercetan_a allege_v that_o for_o the_o production_n of_o such_o and_o their_o continuance_n actual_a heat_n be_v requisite_a yet_o this_o apothecary_n put_v the_o ash_n of_o those_o plant_n into_o such_o a_o liquor_n that_o upon_o a_o agitation_n of_o the_o bottle_n the_o disperse_a particle_n of_o the_o ash_n will_v convene_v into_o such_o a_o order_n as_o to_o represent_v the_o plant_n who_o ash_n they_o be_v and_o that_o they_o will_v continue_v so_o till_o the_o vessel_n be_v agitate_a again_o relation_n ii_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o chemist_n of_o good_a credit_n that_o he_o be_v not_o only_o tell_v by_o a_o virtuoso_fw-la of_o switzerland_n that_o he_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o malleable_a glass_n but_o lay_v it_o upon_o a_o anvil_n and_o strike_v it_o with_o a_o hammer_n he_o find_v it_o to_o receive_v the_o impression_n and_o to_o grow_v thin_a after_o a_o few_o blow_n though_o the_o edge_n be_v crack_v like_o those_o of_o silver_n when_o over_o hammer_v relation_n iii_o i_o be_o tell_v by_o a_o pious_a man_n who_o stay_v in_o london_n in_o the_o year_n 1665_o when_o the_o plague_n rage_v there_o that_o in_o some_o place_n the_o infection_n be_v so_o strong_a as_o to_o stain_v the_o very_a wall_n so_o that_o a_o pest-house_n being_a only_o divide_v by_o a_o wall_n he_o perceive_v several_a spot_n on_o the_o wall_n of_o his_o study_n he_o visit_v at_o least_o a_o thousand_o and_o only_o take_v half_a a_o spoon-of_a brandy_n about_o six_o time_n a_o day_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o a_o nutmeg_n of_o the_o root_n of_o spanish_a angelica_n a_o grain_n of_o which_o he_o usual_o hold_v in_o his_o mouth_n when_o he_o visit_v infect_v person_n relation_n iu._n i_o be_o inform_v by_o a_o person_n of_o credit_n that_o he_o distil_v for_o a_o german_a physician_n a_o certain_a mineral_n which_o he_o give_v i_o a_o description_n of_o which_o afford_v three_o drachm_n of_o a_o liquor_n which_o put_v into_o a_o glass-bubble_n with_o a_o neck_n will_v upon_o the_o full_a moon_n rise_v up_o into_o the_o neck_n a_o considerable_a height_n which_o expansion_n it_o lose_v as_o the_o moon_n decrease_v relation_n v._n a_o ingenious_a gentleman_n who_o have_v distil_v a_o certain_a bismute_v or_o tin-glass_n for_o a_o german_a prince_n there_o be_v a_o mine_n of_o it_o in_o his_o territory_n inform_v i_o that_o the_o liquor_n distil_v from_o it_o be_v rectify_v will_v swell_v and_o subside_o upon_o the_o increase_n and_o decrease_v of_o the_o moon_n relation_n vi._n i_o be_o inform_v by_o a_o ingenious_a person_n who_o reside_v in_o prussia_n some_o time_n that_o several_a swallow_n which_o be_v find_v upon_o break_v of_o the_o ice_n enclose_v in_o it_o recover_v and_o fly_v about_o the_o room_n when_o thaw_v though_o none_o of_o they_o survive_v four_o day_n some_o of_o they_o die_v soon_o relation_n vii_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o a_o traveller_n that_o return_v from_o jamaica_n that_o he_o see_v a_o silk-cotton_n tree_n which_o be_v twenty_o one_o yard_n about_o which_o grow_v upon_o a_o certain_a mountain_n and_o that_o the_o ordinary_a sort_n be_v as_o large_a as_o oak_n tree_n in_o england_n relation_n viii_o i_o receive_v the_o follow_a account_n from_o a_o east-india_n merchant_n viz._n that_o at_o campar_n and_o rakan_n on_o the_o east-coast_n of_o sumatra_n there_o constant_o happen_v a_o violent_a indraught_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v bunna_n which_o approach_v with_o a_o terrible_a noise_n in_o three_o part_n the_o first_o and_o last_o of_o which_o be_v more_o moderate_a than_o the_o second_o which_o be_v very_o high_a and_o terrible_a and_o come_v with_o such_o force_n that_o no_o vessel_n except_o anchor_v be_v weigh_v be_v able_a to_o resist_v it_o and_o this_o bunna_n constant_o return_v at_o new_a and_o full_a moon_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o the_o relator_n attribute_n to_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o spring-tide_n which_o come_v roll_v over_o bank_n of_o sand_n which_o choke_v up_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n relation_n ix_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o a_o gentleman_n that_o be_v at_o sea_n near_o the_o coast_n of_o mosambique_n the_o captain_n observe_v a_o dark_a speck_n in_o the_o sky_n a_o distance_n off_o take_v it_o for_o a_o sign_n of_o a_o approach_a storm_n take_v in_o the_o sail_n and_o though_o the_o sky_n be_v for_o some_o time_n after_o calm_a yet_o on_o a_o sudden_a a_o hurricane_a arise_v which_o turn_v the_o ship_n several_a time_n round_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o a_o whirl-pool_n and_o this_o storm_n continue_v near_o two_o hour_n relation_n x._o i_o be_o inform_v by_o a_o physician_n that_o he_o see_v in_o the_o
and_o specifical_o light_a than_o crystal_n and_o i_o shall_v in_o favour_n of_o this_o add_v that_o i_o have_v several_a time_n make_v body_n colourless_a like_o crystal_n and_o curious_o and_o regular_o figure_v which_o be_v of_o a_o compound_n nature_n and_o abound_v with_o a_o easy_o separable_a and_o strong_o scent_v sulphur_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v further_o add_v that_o though_o when_o gem_n be_v specifical_o heavy_a than_o crystal_n it_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o a_o metalline_a substance_n mix_v with_o they_o yet_o sometime_o those_o mineral_n particle_n may_v be_v so_o spirituous_a as_o not_o to_o increase_v their_o specific_a gravity_n for_o i_o have_v see_v a_o ferruginous_a water_n which_o though_o strong_o impregnate_v be_v little_o heavy_a than_o common_a water_n and_o now_o if_o together_o with_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o this_o chapter_n we_o reflect_v on_o what_o follow_v concern_v the_o atmosphere_n of_o consistent_a solid_n and_o the_o efficacy_n of_o effluvium_n it_o will_v not_o be_v absurd_a to_o ascribe_v to_o precious_a stone_n some_o medicinal_a virtue_n especial_o to_o those_o that_o dispose_v to_o emit_v copious_a effluvia_fw-la and_o to_o show_v that_o what_o we_o have_v deliver_v may_v not_o only_o be_v apply_v to_o transparent_a but_o opacious_a gem_n and_o to_o render_v our_o hypothesis_n not_o only_o probable_a but_o possible_a i_o shall_v intimate_v first_o that_o i_o have_v see_v lapidescent_n juice_n so_o penetrate_v as_o to_o turn_v several_a animal_n and_o vegetable_a substance_n into_o stone_n among_o which_o one_o be_v a_o new_a cheese_n which_o can_v be_v distinguish_v no_o otherwise_o from_o another_o cheese_n but_o by_o its_o stony_a hardness_n and_o i_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o wood_n petrify_v which_o retain_v its_o grain_n and_o be_v hard_a enough_o to_o grave_a upon_o iron_n or_o glass_n and_o to_o resist_v the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n and_o likewise_o to_o strike_v fire_n like_o a_o excellent_a flint_n but_o to_o render_v this_o hypothesis_n further_o probable_a i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a argument_n and_o first_o it_o appear_v from_o the_o method_n take_v to_o weigh_v body_n in_o our_o medicina_fw-la hydrostatica_fw-la where_o white_a marble_n be_v propose_v as_o a_o standard_n to_o determine_v whether_o metalline_a part_n be_v in_o body_n or_o not_o for_o a_o piece_n of_o white_a marble_n be_v in_o proportion_n to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n as_o 2_o 72_o 100_o to_o 1_o and_o bloodstone_n as_o 5_o 2_o 10_o to_o 1_o a_o loadstone_n as_o 4_o and_o 6_o 10_o to_o 1_o lapis_n calaminaris_n as_o 4_o 7_o 10_o to_o one_o and_o lapis_n tutice_n as_o 5_o to_o 1_o it_o follow_v that_o those_o must_v proportionable_o be_v impregnate_v with_o mineral_n part_n heavy_a in_o specie_fw-la than_o stone_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n i_o have_v find_v some_o stone_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n specifical_o heavy_a than_o other_o as_o they_o be_v impregnate_v in_o solutis_fw-la principiis_fw-la more_fw-it or_o jess_n with_o mineral_n part_n but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o here_o to_o advertise_v that_o some_o stone_n light_a in_o specie_fw-la than_a fossils_n may_v be_v compound_v with_o mineral_n part_n and_o thence_o deduce_v their_o medicinal_a virtue_n and_o other_o may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o mineral_n part_n light_a in_o specie_fw-la than_o marble_n and_o consequent_o their_o mineral_n nature_n can_v be_v hydrostatical_o determine_v as_o yet_o which_o be_v to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n as_o 1_o 22_o 100_o to_o 1_o and_o yield_v no_o inconsiderable_a proportion_n of_o oil_n a_o second_o argument_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o our_o hypothesis_n may_v be_v deduce_v from_o the_o necessity_n of_o it_o to_o explain_v several_a phaenomena_n as_o why_o diamond_n and_o other_o gem_n shouldbe_v include_v in_o rock_n or_o cluster_n of_o hard_a stone_n which_o must_v be_v soft_a or_o can_v not_o at_o the_o first_o admit_v a_o hard_a gem_n to_o lodge_v among_o their_o part_n and_o i_o shall_v further_o urge_v the_o necessity_n of_o it_o from_o several_a gem_n which_o i_o find_v in_o a_o odd_a kind_n of_o mineral_n send_v i_o from_o a_o american_n colony_n and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o opacous_a gem_n be_v petrify_v earth_n since_o they_o vary_v so_o much_o in_o their_o dimension_n so_o that_o i_o have_v hear_v of_o a_o spleen-stone_n which_o weigh_v 80_o pound_n weight_n and_o i_o have_v see_v a_o medicinal_a stone_n which_o be_v saw_v asunder_o its_o internal_a part_n be_v full_a of_o cavity_n whence_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o porous_a earth_n petrify_v and_o not_o of_o a_o indurated_a liquor_n from_o our_o hypothesis_n the_o follow_a phaenomena_n may_v be_v explain_v viz._n why_o sometime_o one_o part_n of_o a_o gem_n be_v tinge_v with_o a_o metal_n and_o another_o be_v not_o since_o in_o make_v artificial_a gem_n the_o mineral_n pigment_n have_v tinge_v one_o part_n without_o discolour_v the_o other_o and_o i_o have_v now_o by_o i_o a_o lump_n of_o petrified_a matter_n which_o consist_v of_o several_a stone_n which_o thou_o first_o petrify_v apart_o and_o afterward_o join_v together_o by_o a_o petrescent_a liquor_n bear_v a_o uniform_a polish_v without_o discover_v betwixt_o their_o part_n the_o least_o commissure_v and_o a_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o discover_v several_a loose_a stone_n where_o this_o be_v find_v which_o be_v separately_z of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o afterward_o harden_v into_o stony_a mass_n by_o the_o intervention_n of_o a_o petrescent_a liquor_n and_o i_o have_v a_o agate_n by_o i_o which_o seem_v to_o consist_v of_o several_a layer_n of_o clay_n or_o earth_n lie_v parallel_n to_o each_o other_o and_o petrify_v partly_o into_o transparent_a and_o partly_o into_o opacous_a stone_n and_o to_o favour_v this_o conjecture_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o have_v see_v several_a layer_n of_o mineral_n earth_n one_o upon_o another_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o inch_n which_o lie_v in_o different_a posture_n in_o reference_n both_o to_o the_o horizon_n and_o each_o other_o and_o sometime_o the_o exterior_a one_o successive_o surround_v the_o interior_a and_o several_a of_o these_o have_v be_v find_v in_o a_o small_a compass_n of_o ground_n and_o by_o a_o like_a method_n different_o colour_v chalcedonian_o and_o jasper_n may_v be_v account_v for_o and_o from_o hence_o may_v be_v deduce_v a_o reason_n why_o marchasite_n and_o flint_n wood_n and_o shell_n have_v be_v find_v enclose_v in_o other_o hard_a stone_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o stone_n which_o be_v partly_o diaphanous_a and_o partly_o opacous_a be_v calcine_v the_o diaphanous_a part_n become_v white_a and_o some_o other_o which_o be_v before_o tinge_v have_v their_o part_n heighten_v so_o as_o after_o calcination_n to_o be_v of_o a_o rich_a and_o permanent_a red_a and_o this_o difference_n of_o colour_n be_v not_o only_o remarkable_a in_o the_o thin_a layer_n but_o in_o the_o speck_n and_o irregular_o shape_v cloud_n whether_o greenish_a or_o bluish_a and_o to_o illustrate_v a_o observation_n former_o make_v on_o diamond_n bed_v one_o within_o another_o i_o shall_v urge_v what_o be_v observe_v in_o cryftalize_a salt_n where_o as_o well_o as_o in_o a_o metalline_a solution_n i_o have_v observe_v that_o when_o a_o number_n of_o crystal_n have_v shoot_v after_o the_o first_o evaporation_n several_a successive_a layer_n shoot_v upon_o those_o in_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o solution_n the_o crystal_n of_o one_o layer_n be_v not_o only_o fasten_v to_o the_o other_o but_o differ_v considerable_o as_o well_o in_o their_o shape_n as_o posture_n in_o this_o metalline_a solution_n the_o mineral_n be_v only_o one_o and_o the_o menstruum_fw-la simple_n but_o have_v the_o first_o be_v compound_v there_o will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a diversity_n as_o likewise_o crystal_n of_o a_o compound_n nature_n as_o when_o a_o solution_n of_o salt-petre_n and_o sea-salt_n in_o water_n be_v set_v to_o crystalize_v where_o beside_o salt_n of_o result_a figure_n a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o sea-salt_n coagulate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o imperfect_a cube_n about_o the_o bottom_n before_o the_o nitrous_a particle_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n of_o their_o own_o shape_n and_o i_o shall_v further_o add_v that_o crystallization_n may_v not_o only_o be_v promote_v by_o evaporation_n but_o by_o soak_v part_n of_o the_o water_n up_o either_o by_o immerse_v it_o or_o by_o place_v dry_a earth_n under_o the_o solution_n or_o some_o other_o porous_a body_n and_o by_o some_o analogy_n to_o these_o instance_n we_o may_v conceive_v how_o some_o of_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n of_o a_o petrescent_a liquor_n be_v disperse_v the_o remain_a may_v be_v more_o apt_a to_o coagulate_v but_o by_o a_o moist_a season_n or_o superven_a cold_a the_o moisture_n cease_v to_o be_v further_o disperse_v the_o coagulation_n may_v be_v for_o a_o
will_v pass_v into_o the_o receiver_n diaphanous_a and_o fluid_a though_o beside_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o sublimate_n it_o abound_v with_o antimonial_a particle_n carry_v over_o and_o keep_v invisible_a by_o the_o corrode_a salt_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o tin_n will_v retain_v its_o own_o nature_n in_o the_o form_n of_o fume_n or_o flower_n which_o be_v evident_a since_o that_o white_a sublimate_n which_o be_v gather_v above_o the_o furnace_n where_o the_o ore_n be_v bring_v to_o fusion_n be_v melt_v down_o will_v yield_v store_n of_o tin_n and_o beside_o these_o way_n the_o determinate_a nature_n of_o effluvium_n may_v be_v distinguish_v by_o their_o sensible_a quality_n since_o the_o exhalation_n which_o rise_v from_o several_a body_n produce_v by_o art_n appear_v to_o be_v of_o different_a colour_n though_o no_o external_a heat_n be_v employ_v to_o raise_v they_o for_o the_o fume_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n well_o rectify_v when_o cold_a and_o stop_v up_o appear_v in_o the_o vial_n to_o be_v of_o a_o reddish_a colour_n and_o when_o the_o vessel_n be_v unstopped_a they_o will_v ascend_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o reddish_a or_o orange_n tawny_a smoke_n and_o spirit_n of_o salt_n or_o oil_n will_v when_o expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n ascend_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a smoke_n and_o so_o will_v a_o volatile_a tincture_n of_o sulphur_n make_v with_o quicklime_n and_o both_o this_o and_o that_o of_o salt-petre_n do_v by_o their_o smell_n as_o well_o as_o operation_n discover_v of_o what_o nature_n they_o be_v and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o the_o essential_a oil_n of_o wormwood_n be_v draw_v off_o in_o a_o copper_n alembick_a tin_a be_v not_o only_o green_a but_o retain_v that_o colour_n when_o rectify_v in_o a_o glass-vessel_n and_o though_o these_o essential_a oil_n be_v but_o the_o condense_a effluvia_fw-la of_o vegetable_n yet_o they_o retain_v the_o genuine_a taste_n of_o the_o body_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v draw_v and_o not_o only_a wormwood_n but_o amber_n may_v communicate_v their_o taste_n by_o effluvia_fw-la raise_v without_o the_o help_n of_o heat_n for_o wormwood_n have_v be_v keep_v in_o a_o close_a room_n not_o only_o affect_v the_o nostril_n strong_o but_o the_o tongue_n with_o a_o bitter_a taste_n and_o amber_n keep_v in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n impregnate_v it_o sufficient_o to_o give_v it_o a_o genuine_a taste_n as_o well_o as_o smell_v and_o that_o most_o essential_a oil_n retain_v their_o genuine_a odour_n be_v very_o evident_a and_o that_o the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o body_n may_v affect_v even_o the_o touch_n of_o animal_n may_v not_o only_o be_v argue_v from_o the_o effect_n perceive_v by_o some_o people_n upon_o change_n of_o wether_n but_o by_o that_o memorable_a passage_n relate_v by_o diemerbroeck_n who_o after_o he_o be_v cure_v of_o the_o plague_n it_o leave_v such_o a_o change_n in_o some_o part_n of_o his_o body_n that_o he_o say_v ab_fw-la illo_fw-la periculo_fw-la ad_fw-la contagioso_n mihi_fw-la appropinquanti_fw-la in_o emunctoriis_fw-la successit_fw-la dolour_n vix_fw-la fallax_fw-la pestis_fw-la indicium_fw-la to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o know_v one_o who_o can_v hear_v very_o soft_a whisper_n when_o ill_o of_o a_o fever_n though_o the_o sound_n and_o healthful_a stander_n by_o can_v not_o and_o i_o be_v tell_v by_o a_o lady_n that_o she_o can_v tell_v by_o her_o smell_n whether_o one_o that_o come_v to_o visit_v she_o have_v be_v in_o any_o place_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v cover_v with_o snow_n and_o i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o eye_n be_v so_o tender_a during_o a_o distemper_n he_o have_v in_o they_o that_o he_o can_v discern_v and_o distinguish_v colour_n in_o the_o dark_a and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o a_o bloodhound_n find_v out_o a_o man_n bare_o by_o scent_n though_o he_o have_v pass_v through_o a_o market_n town_n and_o several_a crowd_n of_o people_n and_o further_a instance_n may_v be_v bring_v from_o observation_n make_v on_o bloodhound_n some_o of_o which_o will_v scent_v a_o deer_n twenty_o four_o hour_n after_o and_o a_o gentleman_n tell_v i_o that_o he_o know_v when_o his_o dog_n be_v in_o pursuit_n of_o a_o fox_n or_o a_o hare_n because_o they_o run_v with_o their_o nose_n near_o the_o ground_n after_o the_o latter_a the_o scent_n of_o it_o not_o be_v so_o strong_a and_o i_o prepare_v a_o body_n of_o a_o vegetable_a substance_n which_o though_o actual_o cold_a will_v impart_v its_o colour_n to_o a_o metalline_a plate_n though_o separate_v from_o it_o by_o the_o interposition_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n but_o perhaps_o it_o may_v be_v object_v by_o some_o that_o these_o effluvium_n may_v be_v alter_v by_o unite_n with_o each_o other_o in_o the_o air._n to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o they_o may_v nevertheless_o reserve_v their_o determinate_a nature_n though_o they_o act_v conjoint_o or_o so_o near_o it_o that_o their_o distinct_a operation_n can_v be_v perceive_v as_o when_o two_o string_n of_o a_o musical_a instrument_n be_v strike_v at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o both_o of_o they_o seem_v to_o make_v only_o one_o impression_n upon_o the_o ear._n and_o if_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n be_v drop_v into_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la upon_o a_o evaporation_n of_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n the_o acid_n and_o alkalious_a particle_n will_v form_v nitrous_a concretion_n who_o taste_n will_v be_v different_a from_o that_o of_o either_o of_o the_o separate_a ingredient_n and_o so_o if_o a_o equal_a proportion_n of_o salarmoniack_a be_v add_v to_o a_o strong_a solution_n of_o pot-ash_n or_o salt_n of_o tartar_n a_o subtle_a urinous_a spirit_n will_v come_v over_o in_o distillation_n and_o also_o a_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n which_o be_v almost_o whole_o a_o compound_a salt_n differ_v enough_o from_o either_o of_o the_o ingredient_n especial_o the_o alkalizate_n in_o taste_n and_o other_o quality_n and_o to_o these_o instance_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o several_a flower_n be_v apt_o mix_v in_o a_o nosegay_n and_o hold_v at_o a_o distance_n they_o make_v a_o confuse_a and_o joint_a impression_n upon_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_v and_o so_o do_v perfume_n make_v up_o of_o several_a ingredient_n and_o spirit_n of_o fermented_a urine_n and_o of_o wine_n be_v well_o dephlegm_v will_v incorporate_v like_o wine_n and_o water_n without_o afford_v the_o least_o dry_a sediment_n but_o if_o in_o a_o convenient_a vessel_n they_o be_v expose_v to_o a_o moderate_a heat_n the_o ascend_a fume_n will_v adhere_v to_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a but_o tender_a sublimate_n different_a from_o either_o of_o the_o liquor_n not_o only_o in_o consistence_n but_o taste_n and_o smell_v and_o if_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o nitre_n be_v elevate_v by_o distillation_n in_o the_o form_n of_o fume_n the_o condense_a liquor_n will_v dissolve_v gold_n though_o neither_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n nor_o of_o salt_n will_v do_v so_o and_o to_o demonstrate_v the_o coalition_n of_o steam_n in_o the_o air_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v fill_v two_o vial_n the_o one_o with_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o the_o other_o with_o spirit_n of_o salarmoniack_a well_o rectify_v the_o ascend_a fume_n which_o before_o be_v invisible_a work_v one_o upon_o another_o in_o the_o air_n form_v visible_a steam_n which_o appear_v like_o smoak_n but_o when_o they_o be_v remove_v a_o great_a distance_n from_o each_o other_o the_o separate_z and_o invisible_a steam_n be_v no_o long_o discernible_a and_o one_o thing_n relate_v to_o this_o experiment_n which_o be_v remarkable_a be_v that_o a_o drop_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n hang_v at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o glass_n stick_v be_v hold_v over_o the_o orifice_n of_o a_o vial_n with_o a_o long_a neck_n the_o ascend_a vapour_n of_o salarmoniack_a will_v form_v a_o smoke_n which_o will_v be_v visible_a till_o it_o be_v a_o quarter_n of_o a_o yard_n above_o the_o glass_n but_o if_o the_o drop_n be_v hold_v within_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o vial_n the_o aforementioned_a fume_n will_v fall_v into_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o glass_n like_o a_o stream_n of_o liquor_n and_o spread_v itself_o like_o a_o mist_n upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o salarmoniack_a which_o experiment_n may_v help_v we_o to_o account_v for_o the_o sudden_a invasion_n of_o meteor_n and_o cloud_n especial_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o come_n in_o or_o cease_v of_o several_a epidemical_a disease_n and_o more_o particular_o the_o plague_n which_o seem_v to_o depend_v on_o the_o occult_a temper_n and_o alteration_n of_o the_o air_n different_o impregnate_v with_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la a_o instance_n of_o which_o be_v relate_v by_o diemerbroeck_n who_o tell_v we_o of_o a_o plague_n occasion_v by_o wash_v of_o foul_a linen_n with_o soap_n the_o fume_n of_o the_o smoak_n unite_n with_o other_o effluvia_fw-la in_o the_o air_n cause_v
only_o observe_v in_o the_o sublimate_n of_o the_o first_o distillation_n for_o those_o obtain_v by_o rectify_v the_o salt_n and_o distil_v it_o again_o be_v of_o a_o considerable_a bigness_n and_o solidity_n though_o different_o shape_v some_o of_o they_o be_v cube_n other_o parallelopipeds_o other_o octoedrons_n be_v almost_o like_o grain_n of_o allom_n but_o most_o of_o they_o pretty_o shape_v be_v comprehend_v by_o planes_n smooth_a fine_o figure_v and_o apt_o terminate_n in_o solid_a angle_n as_o if_o the_o concretion_n have_v be_v cut_v and_o polish_a another_o way_n i_o take_v to_o discover_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o salt_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v to_o rectify_v the_o spirit_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v full_o satiate_v with_o the_o salt_n whilst_o the_o liquor_n continue_v warm_a for_o when_o it_o be_v refrigerated_a a_o number_n of_o saline_a concretion_n of_o different_a size_n several_a of_o which_o shoot_v into_o very_o smooth_a crystalline_a plate_n pretty_o figure_v have_v their_o broad_a and_o parallel_a surface_n of_o a_o hexagonal_a or_o a_o octogonal_a figure_n regular_a enough_o a_o drachm_n of_o dry_a volatile_a salt_n of_o blood_n be_v dissolve_v in_o some_o distil_a water_n we_o drop_v into_o it_o good_a spirit_n of_o nitre_n till_o the_o two_o liquor_n will_v no_o long_o manifest_o act_v one_o upon_o another_o and_o when_o the_o conflict_n cease_v we_o slow_o evaporate_v the_o superfivous_a moisture_n which_o steam_v almost_o all_o away_o before_o the_o saline_a part_n will_v coagulate_v at_o length_n it_o become_v dry_a and_o the_o middlemost_a part_n appear_v in_o the_o form_n of_o thin_a crystal_n not_o unlike_o those_o of_o salt_n petre_n but_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v by_o much_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o concretion_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o confuse_a mass_n without_o any_o distinct_a figure_n and_o this_o mass_n weigh_v but_o twelve_o grain_n above_o a_o drachm_n so_o that_o volatile_a salt_n of_o blood_n may_v be_v satiate_v with_o a_o five_o part_n of_o its_o weight_n of_o the_o saline_a part_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n this_o salt_n expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n in_o a_o window_n be_v very_o apt_a to_o run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la and_o a_o little_a of_o it_o be_v put_v upon_o a_o live_a coal_n it_o melt_v and_o seem_v to_o boil_v and_o towards_o the_o end_n make_v a_o noise_n and_o afford_v a_o flame_n yellow_a than_o that_o of_o common_a nitre_n xx._n of_o the_o phlegm_n of_o distil_a human_n blood_n xxi_o of_o the_o two_o oil_n of_o human_a blood_n by_o distillation_n in_o a_o retort_n it_o afford_v a_o empyreumatical_a and_o a_o very_a fetid_v oil_n who_o colour_n be_v almost_o black_a which_o seem_v to_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o increase_n and_o opacous_a redness_n of_o the_o liquor_n since_o some_o of_o it_o be_v spread_v thin_a upon_o glass_n and_o hold_v against_o the_o light_n appear_v yellow_a or_o of_o a_o red_a colour_n as_o they_o lie_v thick_a or_o thin_a upon_o it_o but_o when_o it_o be_v well_o dry_v before_o commit_v to_o distillation_n it_o yield_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o oil_n so_o that_o once_o out_o of_o a_o pound_n of_o not_o over-dryed_n blood_n we_o obtain_v a_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a of_o oil_n and_o from_o another_o we_o have_v a_o much_o great_a quantity_n of_o oil_n and_o have_v once_o prepare_v blood_n by_o a_o convenient_a digestion_n and_o rectify_v very_o careful_o the_o distil_a liquor_n that_o come_v over_o with_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o lamp_n i_o obtain_v among_o other_o thing_n two_o oil_n of_o very_a different_a colour_n the_o one_o be_v of_o a_o pale_a amber_n or_o yellow_a colour_n and_o the_o other_o of_o a_o deep_a red_a and_o though_o these_o oil_n be_v both_o of_o they_o afford_v by_o the_o same_o blood_n and_o be_v clear_a and_o pure_a enough_o yet_o they_o will_v swim_v in_o distinct_a mass_n one_o over_o another_o and_o if_o mix_v by_o shake_v will_v again_o separate_v like_o oil_n and_o water_n whether_o the_o difference_n in_o specific_a gravity_n betwixt_o these_o two_o oil_n keep_v they_o from_o mix_v permanent_o as_o well_o as_o it_o keep_v they_o distinct_a before_o they_o be_v mix_v or_o whether_o the_o seem_a incongruity_n proceed_v from_o the_o texture_n of_o these_o liquor_n i_o shall_v not_o now_o stay_v to_o dispute_v to_o show_v that_o the_o oil_n of_o human_a blood_n contain_v several_a saline_a particle_n capable_a of_o be_v separate_v from_o it_o we_o put_v a_o parcel_n of_o unrectify_v oil_n to_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n of_o distil_a water_n and_o have_v mix_v they_o sufficient_o by_o agitation_n so_o that_o the_o water_n may_v rob_v the_o oil_n of_o its_o separate_a saline_a particle_n the_o event_n be_v that_o after_o the_o liquor_n be_v well_o settle_v the_o water_n be_v find_v to_o be_v impregnate_v with_o saline_a particle_n that_o it_o obtain_v by_o dissilution_n from_o the_o oil_n so_o that_o it_o acquire_v a_o moderate_o brisk_a taste_n and_o will_v ready_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a and_o precipitate_v a_o white_a powder_n out_o of_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n but_o whether_o the_o like_a will_v succeed_v with_o other_o empyreumatical_a oil_n or_o not_o draw_v from_o body_n belong_v to_o the_o animal_n kingdom_n i_o shall_v leave_v other_o to_o determine_v have_v put_v some_o unrectify_v oil_n of_o human_a blood_n into_o a_o concave_a piece_n of_o glass_n and_o then_o drop_v as_o much_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n into_o it_o as_o may_v amount_v to_o a_o three_o or_o four_o part_n of_o the_o fetid_v oil_n we_o stir_v they_o together_o with_o a_o slender_a piece_n of_o solid_a glass_n upon_o which_o the_o mixture_n emit_v store_n of_o whitish_a fume_n or_o smoke_n and_o acquire_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o heat_n so_o that_o though_o it_o amount_v to_o not_o much_o more_o than_o a_o spoonful_n yet_o i_o be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v my_o finger_n under_o that_o part_n of_o the_o glass_n that_o contain_v the_o liquor_n have_v take_v some_o empyreumatical_a oil_n of_o human_a blood_n unrectify_v though_o it_o be_v dark_a and_o gross_a and_o muddy_a yet_o it_o will_v easy_o in_o the_o cold_a dissolve_v in_o rectify_a urinous_a spirit_n to_o which_o it_o give_v a_o red_a colour_n deep_a enough_o xxii_o of_o the_o fix_a salt_n of_o human_n blood_n to_o obtain_v but_o one_o ounce_n of_o it_o there_o be_v requisite_a to_o employ_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o blood_n and_o due_o prepare_v by_o a_o very_a obstinate_a fire_n for_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n be_v keep_v three_o or_o four_o hour_n in_o the_o fire_n it_o will_v yield_v no_o fix_a salt_n at_o all_o but_o have_v by_o a_o obstinate_a calcination_n obtain_v three_o or_o four_o drachm_n of_o this_o salt_n i_o find_v that_o it_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o common_a or_o sea-salt_n though_o a_o little_a different_a for_o it_o taste_v like_o it_o and_o a_o strong_a solution_n do_v not_o ready_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a nor_o precipitate_v a_o brick_n colour_n or_o brownish_a yellow_a no_o more_o than_o a_o white_a powder_n out_o of_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n nor_o do_v the_o spirit_n of_o salt_n dissolve_v it_o as_o a_o alkaly_n and_o have_v put_v a_o little_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o our_o dry_a salt_n it_o immediate_o as_o it_o several_a time_n do_v upon_o common_a salt_n corrode_v it_o with_o great_a violence_n and_o with_o much_o foam_n and_o smoke_n we_o also_o drop_v a_o little_a of_o it_o dissolve_v in_o water_n upon_o a_o solution_n of_o silver_n make_v in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la upon_o which_o a_o white_a powder_n be_v immediate_o precipitate_v and_o have_v put_v some_o leaf-gold_n upon_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o will_v not_o work_v upon_o it_o whilst_o it_o be_v swim_v there_o without_o be_v so_o much_o as_o discolour_a i_o put_v a_o little_a of_o our_o powder_a salt_n into_o it_o which_o be_v thereby_o turn_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o liquor_n do_v without_o the_o assistance_n of_o heat_n present_o dissolve_v it_o xxiii_o of_o the_o terra_fw-la damnata_fw-la of_o human_n blood_n from_o twenty_o four_o ounce_n of_o dry_a blood_n we_o get_v after_o two_o day_n calcination_n but_o two_o drachm_n and_o nine_o grain_n of_o earth_n which_o probable_o be_v not_o pure_a earth_n since_o it_o have_v a_o red_a colour_n like_o that_o of_o colchotar_n of_o vitriol_n xxiv_o of_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o differ_a substance_n chemical_o obtain_v from_o human_n blood_n they_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v determine_v not_o only_o because_o of_o the_o sometime_o great_a disparity_n as_o to_o proportion_n that_o may_v be_v meet_v with_o of_o the_o fibrous_a part_n to_o the_o serum_n in_o the_o blood_n of_o several_a person_n but_o of_o the_o same_o according_a to_o different_a circumstance_n and_o also_o because_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o
urinous_a spirit_n experiment_n vii_o the_o juice_n of_o scurvy_a grass_n fresh_a draw_v incline_v the_o black_a surface_n of_o clot_a blood_n to_o redishness_n experiment_n viii_o blood_n be_v close_v up_o with_o a_o eight_o or_o four_o part_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n about_o three_o year_n be_v coagulate_v but_o neither_o stanke_z nor_o be_v it_o in_o the_o least_o putrify_a experiment_n ix_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o concrete_v blood_n be_v leave_v three_o day_n in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v render_v moderate_o hard_a and_o friable_a throughout_o experiment_n x._o upon_o trial_n we_o find_v that_o a_o ounce_n of_o distil_a water_n will_v dissolve_v at_o least_o two_o drachm_n of_o volatile_a salt_n of_o human_a blood_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o heat_v it_o be_v able_a to_o dissolve_v twenty_o five_o grain_n more_o nor_o do_v any_o of_o this_o salt_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n upon_o its_o refrigeration_n experiment_n xi_o the_o aforementioned_a solution_n be_v put_v into_o a_o retort_n to_o be_v draw_v off_o with_o a_o pretty_a quick_a heat_n we_o obtain_v a_o distil_a liquor_n that_o contain_v almost_o all_o the_o volatile_a salt_n except_o a_o little_a which_o escape_v in_o a_o dry_a form_n and_o this_o liquor_n be_v as_o strong_a as_o moderate_v spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n it_o may_v give_v we_o a_o hint_n what_o proportion_n of_o a_o liquor_n to_o salt_n may_v be_v sufficient_a for_o such_o a_o spirit_n and_o one_o thing_n here_o may_v be_v worthy_a our_o notice_n viz._n that_o the_o liquor_n which_o be_v too_o much_o impregnate_v with_o salt_n have_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o frosty_a night_n we_o perceive_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n a_o good_a deal_n of_o volatile_a salt_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n though_o the_o crystal_n that_o be_v this_o way_n obtain_v be_v fine_a and_o clear_a and_o some_o of_o they_o large_a than_o spangle_n yet_o be_v very_o numerous_a and_o stick_v together_o we_o can_v not_o discover_v the_o shape_n of_o particular_a grain_n nor_o whether_o they_o be_v all_o of_o the_o same_o shape_n but_o divers_a of_o they_o appear_v to_o be_v flat_o thin_a plate_n with_o fine_a rectilinear_a angle_n so_o that_o we_o conjecture_v if_o the_o whole_a plate_n can_v have_v be_v see_v their_o broad_a surface_n will_v have_v be_v find_v hexagonal_a or_o of_o some_o polygone_a figure_n very_o near_o of_o kin_n to_o that_o experiment_n xii_o a_o ounce_n of_o distil_a water_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o glass-egg_n with_o as_o much_o salt_n as_o can_v be_v dissolve_v in_o it_o and_o expose_v to_o congeal_v in_o a_o frosty_a night_n but_o the_o salt_n be_v neither_o congeal_v nor_o the_o water_n though_o afterward_o it_o be_v remove_v into_o a_o frigorifick_a mixture_n which_o will_v perhaps_o have_v freeze_v beer_n or_o ale_n or_o the_o weak_a sort_n of_o french_a wine_n yet_o we_o do_v not_o perceive_v the_o least_o glaciation_n experiment_n xiii_o though_o sea-salt_n dissolve_v in_o water_n render_v it_o less_o subject_a to_o be_v freeze_v yet_o be_v join_v with_o ice_n or_o snow_n and_o external_o apply_v it_o conduce_v to_o the_o freeze_a of_o it_o wherefore_o we_o mix_v about_o a_o scruple_n of_o salt_n of_o human_a blood_n with_o ice_n to_o try_v whether_o it_o will_v have_v the_o like_a effect_n and_o accordin_o we_o find_v that_o a_o slender_a pipe_n of_o water_n be_v immerse_v in_o it_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pipe_n be_v freeze_v experiment_n fourteen_o some_o of_o the_o fibrous_a part_n of_o human_a blood_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o open_a and_o shallow_a glass_n in_o a_o frosty_a night_n the_o next_o morning_n it_o be_v light_o freeze_v and_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o ice_n pretty_o figure_v with_o resemblance_n of_o comb_n with_o tooth_n on_o both_o side_n not_o much_o unlike_a salarmoniack_a coagulate_v in_o common_a water_n and_o not_o here_o to_o mention_v what_o have_v be_v say_v by_o some_o of_o the_o virtue_n of_o human_a blood_n i_o shall_v propose_v a_o couple_n of_o medicine_n to_o be_v prepare_v from_o it_o one_o of_o which_o may_v perhaps_o have_v no_o inconsiderable_a effect_n the_o first_o medicine_n i_o attempt_v to_o make_v be_v by_o put_v to_o salt_n of_o tartar_n oil_n of_o human_a blood_n instead_o of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o by_o stir_v they_o long_o together_o in_o the_o open_a air_n to_o make_v such_o a_o saponary_a concretion_n as_o matthew_n corector_n which_o be_v esteem_v and_o employ_v with_o good_a success_n by_o some_o london_n physician_n the_o other_o medicine_n i_o endeavour_v to_o make_v be_v by_o unite_n by_o long_a digestion_n the_o salt_n spirit_n and_o oil_n of_o human_a blood_n into_o a_o mixture_n which_o some_o chemist_n call_v a_o clyssus_n particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o history_n experiment_n i._n the_o blood_n of_o a_o young_a man_n when_o cool_a have_v its_o serum_n and_o fibrous_a part_n separately_z weigh_v the_o latter_a weigh_v about_o six_o ounce_n and_o the_o serous_a part_n not_o many_o drachm_n from_o that_o weight_n experiment_n ii_o the_o very_a ingenious_a mr._n hook_n and_o myself_o have_v often_o observe_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o freeze_a urine_n figure_n which_o much_o resemble_v comb_n or_o feather_n consider_v the_o affinity_n usual_o agree_v on_o betwixt_o the_o serum_n of_o human_a blood_n and_o urine_n we_o expose_v some_o of_o it_o strain_v through_o a_o linen_n rag_n to_o separate_v the_o grumou_n part_n to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o shallow_a vessel_n several_a night_n consecutive_o and_o observe_v that_o be_v freeze_v there_o appear_v upon_o the_o ice_n contiguous_a to_o the_o air_n certain_a figure_n which_o do_v not_o ill_o resemble_v those_o of_o conglaciate_v urine_n experiment_n iii_o to_o try_v whether_o serum_n as_o well_o as_o urine_n may_v not_o as_o well_o be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o invisible_a ink_n we_o trace_v some_o character_n with_o it_o upon_o white_a paper_n and_o when_o they_o be_v dry_v we_o hold_v the_o unwritten_a side_n over_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n keep_v it_o always_o stir_v that_o it_o may_v not_o take_v fire_n upon_o which_o the_o letter_n on_o the_o upper_a side_n appear_v of_o a_o dark_a colour_n though_o not_o of_o a_o inky_a blackness_n particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o history_n since_o according_a to_o the_o several_a way_n of_o distil_v human_a blood_n the_o spirit_n of_o salt_n etc._n etc._n produce_v may_v be_v considerable_o diversify_v i_o distil_v three_o portion_n of_o human_a blood_n each_o with_o a_o different_a additament_n the_o first_o which_o be_v distil_v with_o quicklime_n we_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a account_n of_o viz._n four_o ounce_n of_o coagulate_v blood_n be_v mix_v with_o a_o equal_a proportion_n of_o quicklime_n we_o distil_v they_o by_o degree_n of_o fire_n in_o a_o retort_n place_v in_o sand_n by_o which_o mean_n we_o obtain_v a_o proportion_n of_o red_a spirituous_a liquor_n which_o seem_v not_o very_o phlegmatic_a together_o with_o some_o oil_n the_o quantity_n of_o which_o be_v but_o small_a the_o rest_n be_v probable_o detain_v by_o the_o lime_n and_o a_o small_a portion_n of_o that_o little_a oil_n that_o come_v over_o sink_v in_o the_o spirit_n the_o rest_n swim_v upon_o it_o the_o spirit_n be_v set_v in_o a_o digestive_a furnace_n in_o a_o small_a head_n and_o body_n to_o rectify_v with_o a_o gentle_a heat_n the_o receiver_n be_v three_o or_o four_o time_n remove_v and_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o first_o spirit_n that_o come_v over_o be_v not_o near_o so_o fetid_v as_o that_o which_o ascend_v when_o it_o be_v distil_v per_fw-la se_fw-la and_o the_o like_a be_v observe_v in_o the_o succeed_a portion_n the_o oil_n be_v detain_v behind_o by_o the_o quicklime_n the_o rectify_a spirit_n be_v clear_a and_o colourless_a and_o have_v a_o taste_n much_o strong_a than_o its_o smell_n and_o so_o strong_a that_o it_o make_v i_o think_v some_o volatile_a alkalious_a part_n of_o the_o quicklime_n be_v carry_v up_o with_o it_o to_o be_v satisfy_v of_o which_o we_o drop_v some_o of_o it_o upon_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n with_o fair_a water_n and_o on_o the_o first_o contact_n we_o perceive_v a_o precipitate_a a_o little_a incline_n to_o yellow_a as_o quicklime_n in_o a_o great_a quantity_n usual_o turn_v it_o but_o afterward_o the_o precipitate_v appear_v white_a like_o that_o make_v with_o ordinary_a volatile_a liquor_n of_o a_o urinous_a nature_n some_o of_o this_o spirit_n put_v into_o a_o glass-egg_n afford_v not_o any_o volatile_a salt_n in_o a_o dry_a form_n and_o the_o trial_n be_v continue_v we_o find_v that_o the_o spirit_n by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n lose_v its_o limpidness_n and_o become_v muddy_a or_o trouble_v another_o portion_n of_o it_o be_v mix_v
glass_n full_a though_o it_o will_v have_v such_o a_o effect_n upon_o stone_n and_o metal_n as_o can_v scarce_o be_v match_v and_o if_o specific_a medicine_n may_v act_v upon_o humour_n in_o the_o body_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o menstruum_n we_o may_v easy_o guess_v why_o they_o have_v peculiar_a virtue_n viz._n by_o reason_n of_o their_o aptness_n to_o work_v upon_o peculiar_o dispose_v body_n so_o as_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o note_v aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v not_o work_v upon_o silver_n if_o too_o strong_a till_o dilute_v with_o water_n and_o as_o the_o dissolution_n of_o a_o body_n may_v partly_o depend_v in_o its_o disposition_n to_o be_v act_v on_o by_o such_o a_o menstruum_fw-la from_o thence_o may_v be_v deduce_v a_o reason_n why_o a_o medicine_n which_o have_v good_a effect_n in_o one_o disease_n may_v have_v but_o indifferent_a one_o in_o other_o for_o though_o pure_a spirit_n of_o wine_n will_v easy_o dissolve_v gumm_n guajacum_fw-la and_o that_o rosinous_n matter_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o wood_n yet_o the_o same_o menstruum_fw-la will_v not_o work_v upon_o the_o wood_n itself_o and_o if_o so_o no_o wonder_n that_o those_o medicine_n which_o cure_n one_o distemper_n in_o one_o person_n will_v not_o cure_v it_o in_o another_o since_o a_o variation_n in_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o morbific_a matter_n be_v enough_o to_o vary_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o medicine_n and_o that_o a_o slight_a alteration_n of_o texture_n vary_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o menstruum_fw-la appear_v since_o though_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n or_o salt_n separate_v will_v each_o dissolve_v copper_n and_o though_o the_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n will_v dissolve_v silver_n yet_o if_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v add_v to_o it_o it_o soon_o lose_v that_o quality_n and_o here_o though_o some_o object_n against_o specific_a medicine_n that_o since_o they_o rove_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o blood_n they_o can_v act_v well_o on_o particular_a humour_n yet_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o medicine_n act_v by_o impregnate_v the_o blood_n and_o that_o they_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o kind_n of_o menstruum_fw-la it_o be_v possible_a that_o both_o the_o menstruum_n may_v be_v appropriate_v to_o the_o peccant_a humour_n so_o as_o to_o resolve_v it_o more_o easy_o than_o any_o other_o humour_n of_o the_o body_n as_o if_o you_o take_v some_o bone_n ash_n crocus_n martis_n sawdust_n powder_a sea-salt_n and_o file_n of_o gold_n and_o mix_v they_o together_o common_a water_n will_v dissolve_v the_o salt_n and_o leave_v the_o other_o untouched_a and_o quicksilver_n will_v alone_o dissolve_v the_o gold_n and_o those_o that_o work_n in_o spanish_a gold_n mine_n tell_v we_o that_o quicksilver_n pour_v upon_o powder_a ore_n of_o gold_n and_o copper_n mix_v it_o will_v scarce_o meddle_v with_o the_o latter_a till_o the_o former_a be_v lick_v up_o and_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v we_o may_v be_v furnish_v with_o a_o reason_n of_o the_o effect_n of_o periapta_n annulet_n and_o appensa_fw-la especial_o if_o we_o consider_v what_o have_v already_o be_v deliver_v of_o the_o effluvium_n of_o body_n and_o the_o porosity_n of_o animal_n body_n and_o though_o these_o effluvia_fw-la be_v very_o small_a in_o quantity_n yet_o their_o effect_n may_v be_v more_o considerable_a in_o as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v neither_o alter_v nor_o consume_v by_o previous_a digestion_n and_o circulate_v through_o part_n in_o which_o they_o may_v be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n disperse_v and_o carry_v off_o along_o with_o the_o excrement_n prop._n ii_o sometime_o a_o specific_a medicine_n may_v mortify_v the_o over_o acid_n or_o other_o immoderate_a particle_n that_o infect_v the_o mass_n of_o blood_n and_o destroy_v their_o coagulatory_a or_o other_o effect_n though_o i_o believe_v not_o that_o all_o distemper_n be_v yet_o i_o question_v not_o but_o that_o a_o great_a many_o be_v cause_v either_o by_o acid_n or_o their_o ill_a effect_n or_o production_n and_o which_o may_v be_v cure_v by_o specific_a medicine_n two_o way_n viz._n either_o by_o mortify_v they_o by_o a_o positive_a hostility_n such_o as_o alkalizate_a salt_n whether_o fix_v as_o the_o lixiviate_v salt_n of_o plant_n or_o volatile_a as_o those_o of_o urine_n etc._n etc._n or_o by_o take_v off_o or_o blunt_v their_o edge_n as_o a_o knife_n may_v lose_v its_o power_n of_o cut_v by_o put_v it_o in_o a_o sheath_n or_o stick_v something_o upon_o the_o edge_n for_o the_o edge_n of_o a_o acid_n may_v be_v take_v off_o as_o well_o by_o be_v lodge_v in_o a_o porous_a alkaly_n as_o by_o have_v their_o edge_n break_v off_o and_o thus_o it_o be_v that_o minium_n take_v off_o the_o acidity_n of_o vinegar_n chalk_n take_v off_o the_o edge_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o lapis_fw-la calaminaris_n lessen_v the_o acidity_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o that_o acid_n be_v rather_o sheathe_v than_o alter_v by_o these_o body_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v because_o as_o glauber_n tell_v we_o they_o may_v by_o a_o strong_a fire_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o lapis_n calaminaris_n much_o strong_a and_o more_o dephlegm_v than_o before_o and_o though_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v by_o those_o that_o plead_v against_o specific_a medicine_n that_o they_o act_n by_o a_o manifest_a quality_n viz._n their_o alkalious_a nature_n or_o their_o acid_n yet_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o variety_n betwixt_o acid_n and_o alkalious_a medicine_n themselves_o that_o i_o be_o persuade_v they_o perform_v a_o great_a deal_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o something_o else_o beside_o their_o acid_n or_o alkalious_a nature_n since_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v not_o dissolve_v god_n though_o it_o will_v silver_n but_o if_o it_o be_v alter_v by_o a_o addition_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n it_o will_v dissolve_v gold_n and_o not_o silver_n and_o a_o different_a modification_n may_v not_o only_o make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o acid_n but_o a_o contrariety_n since_o spirit_n of_o salt_n will_v precipitate_v silver_n which_o aqua_n fortis_fw-la have_v dissolve_v and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n will_v precipitate_v out_o of_o butter_n of_o antimony_n a_o antimonial_a powder_n with_o a_o considerable_a conflict_n and_o effervescence_n yet_o this_o butter_n of_o antimony_n be_v so_o high_o acid_n that_o a_o little_a quantity_n of_o it_o put_v into_o a_o little_a water_n make_v it_o so_o sour_a that_o many_o chemist_n call_v it_o acetum_fw-la philosophorum_fw-la and_o as_o there_o be_v several_a kind_n of_o acid_n and_o of_o alkaly_n too_o so_o every_o alkaly_n will_v not_o mortify_v the_o same_o acid_n for_o though_o chalk_n will_v precipitate_v a_o solution_n of_o copper_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la yet_o a_o volatile_a alkaly_n will_v not_o and_o indeed_o when_o i_o consider_v what_o difference_n there_o natural_o be_v betwixt_o acid_n it_o be_v not_o unreasonable_a to_o expect_v that_o there_o may_v be_v acid_n humour_n produce_v in_o the_o body_n utter_o unknown_a to_o we_o and_o which_o may_v require_v a_o specific_a alkaly_n to_o correct_v they_o as_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o though_o neither_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n nor_o spirit_n of_o salt_n nor_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v dissolve_v a_o calculus_fw-la humanus_fw-la yet_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n will_v and_o by_o that_o mean_n lose_v its_o corrosiveness_n and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o particular_a acid_n may_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o distemper_n which_o they_o be_v by_o some_o rather_o take_v to_o be_v remedy_n for_o though_o acid_n be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v of_o a_o incisive_a nature_n and_o though_o in_o some_o case_n i_o be_o willing_a to_o allow_v they_o those_o virtue_n yet_o i_o believe_v that_o obstruction_n and_o the_o disease_n depend_v therein_o be_v cause_v by_o acid_n coagulate_v some_o fluid_n dispose_v to_o be_v thicken_v by_o they_o which_o may_v be_v exemplify_v by_o the_o coagulation_n i_o have_v make_v of_o some_o acid_n salt_n as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n of_o the_o white_a of_o a_o egg_n which_o by_o be_v beat_v be_v reduce_v to_o a_o aqueous_a consistence_n and_o milk_n will_v be_v coagulate_v not_o only_o by_o spirit_n of_o salt_n but_o rennet_n and_o juice_n of_o lemon_n and_o it_o have_v be_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o some_o acid_v transmit_v into_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n have_v coagulate_v it_o in_o live_a animal_n but_o though_o i_o believe_v a_o great_a many_o distemper_n be_v occasion_v by_o acid_n yet_o i_o conceive_v some_o be_v occasion_v by_o acid_n salt_n unite_n with_o other_o saline_n body_n as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o spirit_n of_o urine_n produce_v a_o salarmoniack_a and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n with_o salt_n of_o tartar_n dissolve_v in_o common_a water_n will_v coagulate_v with_o it_o into_o salt-petre_n and_o the_o same_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n with_o spirit_n of_o urine_n will_v produce_v a_o very_a
fusible_a salt_n different_a from_o either_o of_o the_o ingredient_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n or_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la will_v produce_v tartarum_fw-la vitriolatum_fw-la in_o which_o both_o the_o acidity_n and_o alkaliousness_n of_o the_o ingredient_n be_v much_o infringe_v the_o body_n result_v from_o the_o composition_n be_v different_a from_o both_o the_o ingredidient_n and_o if_o beside_o these_o instance_n we_o consider_v how_o many_o different_a substance_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o nature_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o specific_a quality_n be_v requisite_a to_o alter_v or_o destroy_v they_o in_o the_o medicine_n make_v use_v of_o for_o that_o purpose_n and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o shall_v further_o add_v that_o i_o have_v mix_v two_o liquor_n together_o neither_o of_o which_o be_v acid_n or_o alkalious_a and_o yet_o the_o result_a body_n be_v a_o consistent_a coagulum_fw-la and_o i_o have_v prepare_v a_o certain_a liquor_n which_o upon_o the_o affusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o urine_n will_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o jelly_n and_o the_o like_a i_o have_v produce_v without_o the_o help_n of_o either_o a_o acid_n or_o a_o alkaly_n and_o i_o have_v have_v a_o substance_n prepare_v without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o volatile_a alkaly_n which_o will_v in_o a_o trice_n coagulate_v high_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n will_v coagulate_v the_o white_a of_o a_o egg_n so_o will_v dephlegm_v spirit_n of_o wine_n so_o that_o a_o animal_n substance_n may_v be_v coagulate_v without_o a_o acid._n prop._n iii_o sometime_o a_o specific_a medicine_n may_v help_v the_o patient_n iii_o prop._n iii_o by_o precipitate_v the_o peccant_a matter_n out_o of_o his_o blood_n or_o the_o other_o liquor_n of_o the_o body_n in_o which_o it_o harbour_v though_o precipitation_n be_v general_o a_o consequent_a of_o the_o mortification_n of_o acid_n or_o alkaly_n by_o corpuscle_n of_o a_o contrary_a quality_n yet_o some_o acid_n and_o alkaly_n may_v be_v mix_v without_o a_o precipitation_n of_o any_o thing_n and_o several_a precipitation_n may_v be_v cause_v without_o any_o such_o manifest_a hostility_n as_o in_o certain_a mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o sal-armoniac_a make_v with_o salt_n of_o tartar_n or_o pot-ash_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n or_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o also_o when_o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o salt_n be_v mix_v in_o a_o certain_a proportion_n make_v sal_fw-la ammoniac_a which_o the_o phlegm_n of_o those_o liquor_n will_v keep_v swim_v and_o that_o there_o may_v be_v precipitation_n without_o any_o appearance_n of_o contrariety_n be_v evident_a when_o silver_n be_v dissolve_v in_o aquafortis_n the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v dilute_v with_o thirty_o or_o forty_o part_n of_o distil_v water_n for_o if_o clean_a plate_n of_o copper_n be_v immerse_v in_o the_o solution_n the_o metal_n will_v be_v slow_o precipitate_v out_o of_o it_o in_o the_o form_n not_o of_o a_o calx_fw-la but_o pure_a shine_a scale_n of_o silver_n and_o if_o you_o rub_v dantzick_n vitriol_n upon_o the_o blade_n of_o a_o knife_n well_o wet_v with_o water_n the_o steel_n in_o a_o trice_n will_v be_v overlay_v with_o a_o red_a substance_n which_o by_o its_o colour_n and_o sign_n appear_v manifest_o cupreous_a and_o here_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o there_o be_v in_o nature_n precipitant_n which_o silent_o precipitate_v some_o body_n dissolve_v in_o urinous_a menstruum_n and_o though_o against_o the_o use_n of_o precipitate_v medicine_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o the_o heterogenous_a particle_n precipitate_v may_v be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n yet_o they_o may_v be_v less_o pernicious_a than_o those_o hostile_a particle_n that_o produce_v the_o disease_n and_o further_o they_o may_v not_o be_v so_o big_a but_o that_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o they_o to_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n since_o those_o mineral_n substance_n dissolve_v in_o tunbridge_n water_n and_o the_o sulphureous_a one_o in_o the_o bath_n chief_o perform_v their_o effect_n by_o be_v disperse_v through_o and_o act_v on_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o body_n but_o moreover_o it_o be_v possible_a precipitation_n may_v be_v make_v in_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n without_o the_o medicine_n get_v into_o it_o which_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o use_n of_o chalybeat_a medicine_n where_o be_v it_o urge_v that_o they_o pass_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o gut_n than_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o there_o be_v not_o pore_n in_o the_o body_n large_a enough_o to_o carry_v off_o the_o precipitate_v part_n of_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n and_o not_o only_a sennertus_n make_v use_v of_o medicine_n in_o fever_n to_o precipitate_v the_o febrile_a matter_n but_o kergerus_n very_o solemn_o declare_v that_o he_o cure_v thousand_o only_a by_o a_o precipitate_v medicine_n and_o that_o precipitate_v may_v be_v of_o use_n in_o physic_n i_o be_o the_o more_o incline_v to_o believe_v if_o a_o putrefaction_n of_o humour_n be_v right_o assign_v as_o the_o cause_n of_o some_o distemper_n because_o i_o know_v a_o liquor_n which_o be_v drop_v into_o stink_a water_n precipitate_v a_o light_a feculency_n out_o of_o it_o upon_o which_o the_o liquor_n be_v whole_o free_v from_o its_o stink_n nor_o can_v i_o perceive_v that_o the_o feculency_n itself_o have_v any_o and_o what_o be_v more_o remarkable_a be_v that_o the_o taste_n of_o this_o precipitant_n be_v neither_o bitter_a acid_n urinous_n or_o lixiviate_v prop._n iu._n sometime_o the_o specific_a remedy_n may_v work_v by_o peculiarly_a strengthen_n and_o cherish_v the_o heart_n the_o part_n affect_v or_o both_o that_o a_o medicine_n may_v have_v peculiar_a effect_n on_o this_o or_o that_o part_n i_o be_o incline_v to_o believe_v for_o the_o follow_a reason_n first_o because_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v of_o different_o frame_v and_o have_v different_a humour_n lodge_v in_o they_o and_o consequent_o the_o part_n of_o a_o medicine_n disperse_v through_o the_o body_n may_v be_v more_o apt_o appropriate_v to_o be_v receive_v or_o detain_v in_o those_o part_n and_o the_o part_n be_v thus_o strengthen_v may_v be_v more_o able_a to_o resist_v the_o influence_n of_o morbific_a humour_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o be_v throw_v upon_o more_o ignoble_a part_n for_o which_o reason_n some_o person_n be_v seize_v with_o the_o gout_n and_o i_o know_v a_o gentleman_n who_o though_o he_o can_v drink_v wine_n without_o much_o hurt_n yet_o brandy_n will_v cause_v he_o to_o have_v a_o severe_a toothache_n but_o to_o illustrate_v what_o i_o be_v say_v of_o the_o disposition_n of_o some_o part_n of_o medicine_n to_o associate_v themselves_o with_o those_o part_n they_o seem_v friendly_a to_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o in_o nourish_a child_n milk_n do_v not_o only_o afford_v grosser_n faeces_fw-la and_o various_a other_o excrement_n as_o urine_n mucous_a and_o a_o humour_n by_o insensible_a transpiration_n but_o particle_n which_o upon_o their_o be_v assimilate_v increase_v the_o bulk_n of_o the_o body_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o some_o cartilage_n in_o child_n acquire_v a_o bony_a hardness_n in_o old_a person_n this_o change_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o bare_a effect_n of_o exsiccation_n and_o as_o specific_a medicine_n may_v confirm_v the_o strength_n of_o a_o part_n so_o they_o may_v conduce_v to_o the_o restore_v of_o strength_n to_o the_o weak_a part_n by_o remove_v distemper_a humour_n and_o this_o they_o may_v do_v not_o only_o by_o alter_v the_o whole_a mass_n of_o blood_n but_o their_o peculiar_a disposition_n to_o act_v on_o the_o distemper_a humour_n and_o as_o the_o morbific_a matter_n be_v diversify_v according_a the_o disposition_n of_o the_o part_n it_o be_v lodge_v in_o so_o must_v the_o medicine_n be_v specifical_o appropriate_v and_o as_o they_o contribute_v to_o the_o removal_n of_o a_o distemper_a humour_n so_o consequent_o they_o will_v to_o the_o strengthen_n of_o the_o fibre_n of_o those_o part_n either_o by_o give_v they_o a_o firmness_n or_o by_o correct_v their_o immoderate_a heat_n or_o cold_a or_o correct_v the_o humour_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o part_n or_o by_o take_v away_o the_o convulsive_a or_o inordinate_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n or_o by_o relax_v or_o otherwise_o alter_v their_o pore_n or_o cause_v the_o matter_n lodge_v there_o to_o be_v expel_v by_o a_o gentle_a or_o violent_a agitation_n as_o when_o cantharides_n cause_v a_o excretion_n of_o urine_n or_o gravel_n by_o irritate_v the_o fibre_n of_o the_o bladder_n and_o the_o effect_n of_o this_o medicine_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o there_o may_v be_v specific_a medicine_n which_o chief_o respect_v particular_a part_n since_o cantharides_n pass_v through_o the_o body_n without_o affect_v any_o other_o part_n but_o the_o bladder_n and_o though_o at_o the_o first_o a_o medicine_n may_v chief_o respect_v a_o particular_a
part_n yet_o when_o it_o cease_v to_o be_v water_v with_o a_o continual_a supply_n of_o sap_n the_o sap_n be_v only_o disperse_v in_o the_o air_n or_o intercept_v and_o spend_v in_o some_o other_o part_n of_o the_o tree_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o nothing_o at_o all_o perish_v but_o only_o the_o manner_n of_o union_n and_o the_o particular_a modification_n of_o those_o part_n of_o matter_n cease_v so_o that_o those_o solid_a part_n be_v no_o long_o fit_o adapt_v to_o be_v nourish_v by_o those_o fluid_n which_o instance_n may_v serve_v to_o illustrate_v our_o doctrine_n though_o there_o be_v considerable_a difference_n betwixt_o the_o thing_n compare_v inasmuch_o as_o a_o plant_n have_v not_o always_o that_o aptitude_n to_o be_v again_o actuate_v as_o the_o mill_n have_v but_o there_o be_v some_o instance_n which_o may_v render_v the_o difference_n less_o considerable_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o rose_n of_o jericho_n which_o though_o for_o several_a year_n gather_v and_o wither_v be_v so_o far_o refresh_v by_o water_n as_o to_o seem_v but_o late_o gather_v and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o though_o a_o plant_n of_o aloe_n have_v several_a year_n hang_v near_o the_o ceiling_n of_o my_o chamber_n yet_o it_o be_v by_o the_o use_n of_o a_o convenient_a liquor_n so_o far_o renew_v as_o to_o perform_v several_a thing_n which_o be_v usual_o the_o effect_n of_o life_n and_o growth_n and_o the_o like_a be_v confirm_v by_o what_o may_v be_v experiment_a in_o wasp_n which_o though_o drown_v in_o water_n will_v yet_o recover_v life_n by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n ingredient_n the_o quality_n of_o a_o body_n who_o specific_a form_n be_v destroy_v depend_v not_o on_o the_o unite_a action_n of_o the_o whole_a ingredient_n but_o to_o wave_v needless_a illustration_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o observe_v that_o though_o a_o body_n have_v lay_v down_o its_o specific_a form_n yet_o the_o quality_n remain_v be_v not_o always_o the_o result_n of_o the_o unite_a subordinate_a form_n but_o depend_v sometime_o on_o the_o determinate_a form_n of_o particular_a part_n of_o that_o body_n though_o the_o union_n be_v such_o as_o to_o preserve_v the_o structure_n as_o to_o sense_n unaltered_a as_o appear_v when_o a_o extract_n be_v draw_v out_o of_o rhubarb_n or_o the_o juice_n of_o oak-bark_n be_v extract_v by_o water_n the_o remain_v substance_n though_o as_o to_o outward_a appearance_n the_o same_o form_n new_a quality_n may_v be_v add_v upon_o a_o dissolution_n of_o a_o speficick_n form_n retain_v not_o their_o specific_a virtue_n beside_o upon_o the_o abolition_n of_o specific_a form_n several_a new_a quality_n may_v be_v add_v to_o a_o body_n which_o it_o have_v not_o before_o by_o the_o influence_n of_o external_a agent_n as_o when_o musk_n result_v from_o the_o action_n of_o some_o external_n body_n upon_o flesh_n for_o not_o only_o the_o seminal_a rudiment_n latent_fw-la in_o body_n that_o have_v undergo_v a_o change_n exert_v themselves_o but_o several_a outward_a agent_n to_o which_o those_o body_n be_v expose_v do_v by_o agitate_v and_o alter_v the_o texture_n of_o that_o matter_n promote_v such_o a_o favourble_n concourse_n of_o circumstance_n that_o noble_a and_o very_a exquisite_a form_n may_v result_v from_o their_o union_n and_o contexture_n as_o a_o limestone_n be_v physical_o change_v by_o the_o influence_n of_o congruous_a particle_n when_o expose_v to_o the_o air_n will_v yield_v salt-petre_n genuine_a and_o inflammable_a and_o i_o have_v often_o observe_v a_o efflorescence_n upon_o certain_a marcasite_n agreeable_a in_o both_o colour_n and_o taste_n as_o well_o as_o other_o operation_n with_o vitriol_n which_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o the_o effect_n of_o outward_a agent_n change_v the_o texture_n of_o those_o part_n which_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o air_n for_o some_o time_n part_n the_o modidification_n of_o a_o body_n may_v be_v twofold_a first_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o specific_a form_n second_o in_o respect_n of_o its_o own_o part_n but_o to_o wave_v there_o thing_n i_o shall_v illustrate_v a_o little_a further_o what_o i_o just_a before_o hint_v concern_v a_o twofold_a modification_n of_o matter_n viz._n the_o relation_n it_o have_v to_o a_o specific_a form_n and_o that_o which_o be_v the_o mere_a result_n of_o texture_n among_o its_o own_o part_n what_o i_o shall_v offer_v be_v that_o some_o thing_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o soul_n or_o specific_a form_n which_o may_v be_v effect_v by_o the_o mere_a subordinate_a association_n of_o part_n promote_v by_o a_o mutual_a concourse_n of_o natural_a agent_n as_o the_o excrement_n may_v be_v void_v when_o a_o man_n be_v dead_a or_o fruit_n may_v be_v ripen_v after_o it_o be_v gather_v without_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o expulsive_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n in_o the_o former_a or_o the_o perfective_a in_o the_o latter_a agreeable_a to_o this_o the_o inquisitive_a oviedo_n relate_v a_o story_n to_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o of_o a_o fruit_n in_o the_o west-indies_n call_v anana_n which_o be_v gather_v as_o soon_o as_o one_o be_v ripe_a the_o rest_n be_v keep_v in_o chamber_n to_o acquire_v maturity_n afterward_o and_o the_o learned_a josephus_n acosta_n relate_v the_o follow_a account_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o a_o planetree_n to_o the_o same_o viz._n that_o they_o usual_o gather_v it_o when_o green_a which_o be_v lay_v up_o in_o a_o vessel_n mix_v with_o a_o certain_a herb_n gradual_o ripen_v but_o the_o diligent_a piso_n tell_v a_o story_n more_o to_o our_o purpose_n of_o those_o brasilian_n plant_n call_v pacoeira_n and_o bananiera_n for_o concern_v the_o fruit_n he_o say_v continentur_fw-la plerumque_fw-la in_o vno_fw-la ramo_n quatuordecem_fw-la aut_fw-la sedecem_fw-la numero_fw-la ut_fw-la it_o a_o una_fw-la planta_n proferat_fw-la septuaginta_fw-la aut_fw-la octuaginta_fw-la qui_fw-la subinde_fw-la virides_fw-la avulsi_fw-la nunc_fw-la in_o aedibus_fw-la nunc_fw-la in_o navibus_fw-la suspenduntur_fw-la donec_fw-la justam_fw-la maturitatem_fw-la &_o flavedinem_fw-la consequantur_fw-la and_o he_o also_o say_v of_o the_o bough_n when_o lope_v off_o ramus_fw-la autem_fw-la ille_fw-la fructibus_fw-la onustus_fw-la interea_fw-la dum_fw-la illi_fw-la maturescunt_fw-la augetur_fw-la floresque_fw-la semper_fw-la protrudit_fw-la ex_fw-la corpore_fw-la illo_fw-la foliâ—ceo_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v not_o less_o remarkable_a that_o onion_n and_o such_o like_a fruit_n as_o well_o as_o potato_n will_v shoot_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n though_o suspend_v in_o the_o air._n but_o not_o here_o to_o take_v notice_n how_o far_o these_o thing_n may_v result_v from_o the_o exertion_n of_o latent_fw-la and_o seminal_a principle_n i_o shall_v rather_o observe_v that_o several_a thing_n usual_o ascribe_v to_o the_o soul_n may_v result_v even_o from_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o body_n concur_v with_o external_a cause_n as_o the_o hair_n or_o nail_n will_v grow_v considerable_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o the_o body_n be_v dead_a live_v dead_a a_o cessation_n of_o vital_a function_n upon_o death_n no_o argument_n of_o the_o soul_n superintendency_n whilst_o live_v and_o though_o by_o the_o espouser_n of_o sennertus_n his_o opinion_n the_o cessation_n of_o the_o vital_a and_o animal_n function_n upon_o death_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o strong_a argument_n that_o the_o soul_n be_v the_o agent_n which_o effect_n whatever_n be_v act_v in_o the_o body_n yet_o i_o conceive_v it_o depend_v on_o something_n very_o precarious_a since_o notwithstanding_o what_o be_v manifest_a to_o we_o the_o cessation_n of_o those_o faculty_n may_v depend_v on_o the_o internal_a organization_n which_o may_v in_o some_o measure_n be_v destroy_v since_o the_o body_n consist_v of_o part_n not_o only_o solid_a but_o soft_a as_o the_o brain_n and_o also_o liquid_a as_o the_o humour_n a_o right_a and_o convenient_a coaptation_n of_o which_o be_v require_v to_o preserve_v life_n considerable_a change_n in_o the_o humour_n be_v enough_o to_o obstruct_v circulation_n on_o which_o life_n so_o much_o depend_v thus_o in_o palsy_n though_o there_o be_v no_o visible_a change_n yet_o by_o a_o indisposition_n either_o in_o the_o humour_n or_o vessel_n the_o part_n become_v void_a of_o sense_n as_o well_o as_o motion_n and_o even_o sleep_v itself_o so_o alter_v the_o disposition_n of_o our_o body_n that_o odour_n and_o sound_n be_v not_o perceive_v by_o a_o sleep_a man_n though_o nothing_o external_o obstruct_v the_o operation_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o lodge_v in_o the_o body_n and_o what_o considerable_a alteration_n in_o the_o humour_n may_v be_v effect_v without_o our_o perception_n may_v be_v urge_v from_o the_o effect_n which_o thunder_n have_v upon_o wine_n in_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o vinegar_n sour_a and_o uninflamable_a body_n the_o former_a doctrine_n of_o subordinate_a form_n apply_v to_o inanimate_a body_n but_o to_o render_v what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o subordinate_a form_n more_o intelligible_a i_o shall_v lay_v it_o down_o in_o certain_a proposition_n