symptomes appeare he may expect natures worke by which he shall perceive the skull depressed to rise and scale admirably It may also serve many times to take off a scale of a bone after amputation of the fingers or toes Of the stitching Quill and Needles THese are instruments that cannot be missed in your Plaister-box you shall therefore have in your stitching Quill at least three needles of severall sizes or bignesse with square points well set and ready armed with green or red silk oyled your needles alwayes kept oiled and cleane from rust in want of silk at any time upon necessity you may use thread rubbing it with some kinde of emplaister You must also have in your said stiching Quill a Taylors needle or two with thread to sow your rollers make them fast in the rolling of wounds fractures or dislocations Of the Director THe Director is an Instrument to guide and direct the Incision knife in dilation or inlarging a wound when you are neare any vessels They are also used in cutting for the stone Of the Forceps THese are used to take of Emplaisters Pledgets and Tents to take out a spill of a bone to hold up any peice of superfluous flesh or skin thereby the better to cut it with the sizzers or incision knife to take out any thing that may chance into the eare nostrils mouth or throat to take out a bullet lying within reach or any thing that is offensive in a wound and is an Instrument of continuall and very necessary use in Chyrurgery Spatula Linguae THe Spatula linguae or speculū linguae is much like an ordinary spatula at one end only it is perforated and cut through the better to hold the tongue downe without slipping off the other end is made to scrape the tongue that is furred in Feavers Cankers or other affects of the mouth it is used to hold downe the tongue when you inject any liquor into the throat or apply any medicine to the mouth or throat or when you would make inspection into the mouth or throat in any affects of the Uvula or in Quinces Cankers or excoriations of the mouth or gums The Flegme IS an Instrument used to open the gums and separate them from the tooth you intend to pull out compassing the tooth with the round sharpe end thereof close to the tooth piercing deeper by little and little untill you feele it as low as the jaw bone Some use to open a veine with this instrument but for mine owne part I do disalow it as very uncertaine and dangerous for touching the Nerves or greater vessels Next we must look into the Salvatory to see what Vnguents we have there to declare the Composition of them their Vertues and Uses Of first of Basilicon BAsilicon is an Unguent used almost in all kinds of wounds ulcers apostumes either per se or mixed with other unguēts for it hath the vertue to heat humect and mitigate pain it digesteth incarnateth wounds and ulcers and suppurateth apostumes either hot or cold being somewhat thick spread upon cloath or leather and it mitigateth the paine thereof It is likewise very fitly used with Praecipitate Aegyptiacum or any corroding medicine making them work with more case and better mundifies it is also good for burnings and scaldings and is thus made ℞ Cerae flavae Resinae pinguis Picis graecae of each half a pound Olei two pounds four ounces Melt the Rosin and the Pitch in the Oyle then adde the Wax and boyle them to a just consistence Liniment of Arcaeus THis Arcaeus Liniment is a soveraigne balme not to be sufficiently commended in all wounds whatsoever especially in those of the head where it doth meerly of it selfe all the intentions of healing the Flux of bloud being first stayed for it digesteth mundifieth incarnateth and cleatrizeth it defendeth from accidents and is very avodine I have divers times applyed it mixed with other unguents to painfull ulcers and fistula's with good successe it is made as followeth ℞ Gummi elemni Of each 1. ounce and halfe Teribinthinae abietinae Of each 1. ounce and halfe Sevi veruecini antiqui liquefacti 2 ounces Pinguedinis Porcinae antique liquefactae one ounce Dissolve the Gum in Sack and evaporate the Sack then put in the fats and lastly the terebinte and mingle them well together The golden Oyntment THis unguent is used to incarne wounds and ulcers being first mundified and it is a most precious balme to heale them it is a good healer of burnings and scaldings the fire first taken out the composition is as followeth ℞ Cerae flavae one pound Olei two pound and halfe Terebinthinae two ounces Resinae pinae Of each one ounce and halfe Coloplioniae Of each one ounce and halfe Thuris Of each one ounce Mastices Of each one ounce Croci one dramme Dissolve the Mastick in Sack then put in the Oyle Rosin Colophony and Frankinsence and when they are well melted scrape in the Wax melt that and then adde the Turpentine and lastly the Saffron when you take it off Vnguent Apostolorum VVEE commonly use this Unguent to cleanse and scoure foule Ulcers and Fistula's and to make a good ground for healing it abateth spongeous flesh and is of temperature hot and dry and is made as followeth ℞ Terebinthinae Of each fourteen drams Resinae Of each fourteen drams Cerae albae Of each fourteen drams Ammoniaci Of each fourteen drams Rad. Aristolochiae longae of each six drammes Thuris masculi of each six drammes Bdellii of each six drammes Myrrhae Galbani Of each halfe an ounce Oppoponax Floris aeris Of each two drammes Lithargyti Nine drammes Olei If it be Summer two pounds If Winter three pounds Aceti as much as will suffice to dissolve the Ammoniacum Galbanum and Oppoponax Make the Oyntment according to Art Lukatullies Balsome IT is good for burnes inflammations fresh wounds ulcers fistulaes being powred in scalding hot for so I use it to incarne fresh wounds In bruises ulcers of the reines stone in kidneyes or bladder with difficulty of making water I use to give one drachme in Sacke for bruises in white wine for tha stone it is made as followeth Olei one pound and halfe Vini Hispanici one pound Boyle them to the consumption of halfe the Sack then scrape in Cerae albae three ounces Boyle them untill all the wine bee consumed take it from the fire and put in Terebintinae Venetae purae washed in Rose water six ounces Boyle them a little then take them from the fire sprinkle in half an ounce of red sanders in powder and stir it until it be cold lest the Sanders lye in the bottome Vnguent Diapompholigos IS good to heale painfull ulcers in any part of the body especially of the yard or betwixt glans and preputium as also any fretting or painfull ulcers of the legges or elsewhere It is very much used before all other unguents in ulcers of
Bdellium Ammoniacum 3 The putrifaction for there is no wound without accidents but is subject to putrifaction as wormes and evill flesh growing up which is taken away and hindred by those things which doe so greatly consolidate at the mastick myrthe and the like 4 That the part be preserved from filth sands dry scales cramp convulsion Rupor and the like accidents which is done through the strength of the minerallâ— to wit the Litharge and Lead Antimony Cerase Merchasâ—e Calaminaris and the like And so much comming concerning Paâ—â—â—elsi Diacalciteos or Diapalma IS an Emplaister that mitigateth paine and is a good defensative against all venemous humours and is used last in wounds and ulcers to induce a cicatrice which it is very good for also it hath a very good quality to asswage the pain in the small of the back proceeding from distempered kidneyes comming of a hot cause as well concerning the stone and gravell as in the gonorrhea and dissolved or relented with oyle of roses or elders or of linseed it is a very good medicine to heale burnings and scaldings I doe use it in fractures after the first opening covering the member at least two hands breadth upon the fracture with the Emplaister spread upon cloth and in great inflammation in summer time I doe dissolve it in oyle of roses and so apply it to the fracture it is thus made â„ž Axungiae porcinae insulsae vetustae à membranis purgatae two pounds Olei veteris argenti spumae ritae cretae of each three pounds Chalcitidis ustae levigatae foure ounces Make it after this manner First boyle the litharge oyle and fat a good while ever stirring it with an oaken sticke newly cut and the skin peeled off and when it is grown thicke then take it from the fire and put in the white vitrioll in want of true Chalcites and work and incorporate them wel together and thou shalt have a good Emplaister which mus be cooled and made up in rowles Emplaister of Bettony IS an especiall plaister for wounds in the head It is good in greene wounds and ulcers in any part of the body It mitigateth inflammation It detergeth agglutinateth and incarneth and also cicatrizeth and is thus made â„ž Succi Bettonicae Of each one pound Plantaginis Of each one pound Appii Of each one pound Cerae Of each halfe a pound Picis Of each halfe a pound Resinae Of each halfe a pound Terebinthinae Of each halfe a pound Boyle the Wax and Rosin in the juices alwayes stirring them untill the juices be wasted then adde the Teribint and Pitch incorporating them well by stirring Emplaistrum Griseum or of Lapis Calaminaris THis Emplaister I doe commonly use in healing Ulcers which are hard to be cicatrized and it is marvelous good in curing Buboes as well Veneriall as Pestilentiall It is also the most incarnative of any Emplaister that is in use The composition is after this manner â„ž Lapidis calaminaris prae one ounce Lithargyri two ounces Caerussae halfe an ounce Tutiae one dramme Terebinthinae six drammes Cerae albae one ounce and halfe Sevi cervini two ounces Thuris electi five drammes Mastiches three drammes Myrrhae two drammes Caphurae one dramme and halfe Cerae Sevi Cervini as much as will serve of each to reduce the rest of the ingredients into forme of an emplaister Of the compound Mellilot Emplaister THis Emplaister is good in green wounds for it draweth and healeth well also it attracteth and bringeth forward a cold apostume and the Emplaister Mellilot Simplex which is made of the juice of Mellilot Camomile and Wormwood with Rosin Turpentine and Wax is an especiall secret and the best and onlyest thing I ever knew in curing kybed heeles and chilblaines either broken or before they are broken I doe use it often upon gun-shot wounds to keepe the orrifice open and to warme and comfort the part The compound Emplaister is made as followeth â„ž Florum Meliloti six ounces Florum Camomeli Of each three drammes Seminis Faenugraeci Of each three drammes Baccaram Lauri Of each three drammes Radicum altheae Of each three drammes Majoranae Of each three drammes Comarum absinthii Of each three drammes Sem. appii Of each one dram and halfe Ireos Of each one dram and halfe Cyperi Of each one dram and halfe Spicae nardi Of each one dram and halfe Cassiae ligneae Of each one dram and halfe Sem. ameos Of each one dram and halfe Amoniaci ten drams Styracis calamitae Of each five drams Bdellii Of each five drams Terebinthinae one ounce and halfe Ficuum pinguium N. twelve Sevi Hircini Of each two ounces and halfe Resinae Of each two ounces and halfe Cerae six ounces Olei Sampsuchini nardini Of each as much as shall suffice â„ž Meliloti novi Of each as much as shall suffice Fenugraeci Of each as much as shall suffice Camomeli shall suffice Boyle them in two pound of water to the halfe then straine them and put to the Liquor those of the former ingredients finely powdred which are to be beaten adding the roots and Figs first boyled and pulped then boyle them againe continually stirring them lest they burne lastly adde your Oyles Turpentine Wax Fat and Rosin all first melted together and the gums dissolved in vinegar and so boyle them altogether a little incorporating them well with your spatula Of Dyachilon parvum THis Emplaister is very good to dissolve schirrhous tumours of the Liver spleen reins belly or else where as the composition will shew being all of molifying and discussing ingredients it serveth generally for hot or cold causes but chiefly for hot It is much used to womens brests in childbed when they desire to dry up their milke being spread upon linnen cloth and applyed over all the brest and towards the armepit It is thus compounded â„ž Mucilaginis Faenugraeci Of each 1 pound Sem. Lini Of each 1 pound Rad. Altheae Of each 1 pound Olei veteris clari three pound Lithargyri one pound and halfe Let the Litharge be finely beaten and put to the Oyle and boyled with a gentle fire stirring it wel with a splatter until they bee wel mixed take them from the fire and let them coole a while then powre into the pan your mucilages and mingle them well and boyle them to an Emplaister of good consistence Dyachilon magnum with gummes THis Diachylon dissolveth maturateth and mollifieth hardnesses and is principally good in apostumes and is compounded after this manner â„ž Lithargyri auri tenuissime pulverissat one pound Olei Irini Of each eight ounces Avethini Of each eight ounces Camomelini Of each eight ounces Mucilaginis rad Altheae Of each 12 drams and halfe Sem. lini Of each 12 drams and halfe Fenugraeci Of each 12 drams and halfe Uvarum passarum Of each 12 drams and halfe Caricarium pinguium Of each 12 drams and halfe Icthyocollae Of each 12 drams and halfe Succi Ireos Of each 12 drams
and then put them to macerate for three dayes in eight pound of water the fourth day boyle them and straine out the Muscilage or thick slime and the â„ž of this Muscilage two pounds And boyle it with the Oyle until the juyce be consumed then put in the Wax Rosin and Colophony and when they ate melted adde your Turpentine lastly your Galbanum and Gum of Ivy dissolved in vineger must be put in and so boyle them all a little then take it from the fire and stirre it until it be almost quite cold that all may well be incorporated together Mel saponis THis is made of Hony and Sope mixed together of each equall parts and is applyed for the first medicine to burnings or scaldings to take out the fire and is for that purpose exceeding good Vnguentum Arregon THis Oyntment is called one of the foure hot Oyntments and is generally good against all cold affects of the outward parts of the body it much warmeth and comforteth the sinews it is good against Convulsions and Cramps it is good to annoynt the ridge bone of the back and the Parts neare the kidneys against the pains thereof and also to annoynt the stomack and belly upon any cold griefe it is also good to annoynt the body of them which have the quartane Feaver the falling sicknesse the paines of the joynts and the like cold diseases and is thus made â„ž Rosmarini of each foure ounces and halfe Majoranae of each foure ounces and halfe Serpylli of each foure ounces and halfe Rutae of each foure ounces and halfe Rad. Ari of each foure ounces and halfe Rad. cucumeris agrestis of each foure ounces and halfe Fol. Lauri Of each foure ounces Salviae Of each foure ounces Rad. bryoniae Of each foure ounces Pulicariae Of each foure ounces Laureolae nine ounces Fol. cucumeris asinini Nepetae of each halfe a pound Let all these be gathered in the month of May and wel cleansed and beat them green and macerate them seven dayes in six pound of the best Oyle and one pint of Aqua vitae then boyle them until they be shrunke and the water consumed then straine the Oyle in the which you shal melt these things following Cerae sixteene ounces Adipis Ursini Olei Laurini of each three ounces Olei Moschelini halfe an ounce Petrolci one ounce Butyri foure ounces work these all well together then strow into them these powders following Mastiches of each one ounce Olibani of each one ounce Pyrethri of each one ounce Euphorbii of each one ounce Zinziberis of each one ounce Piperis of each one ounce These being all finely powdred must be sprinkled into the former and so reduced into the forme of an Unguent Vnguent Martiatum THis Unguent as it is composed of many ingredients so it is good for many griefes for it discusseth cold causes in the head sinewes and joints it removeth paine from the breast and stomacke proceecing from cold it prevayleth against convulsions it helpeth the resolution of the sinewes dead palsie and the hip-gout the gout in the hands or feet and other joints of the body it mollifieth hard pustles and tumors in the flesh it asswageth the hard swellings of the liver and spleene easeth the paine in the small gutts and cureth the ach in the reines and is chiefly used in Dropsies and affects of the spleene and is thus made â„ž Fol. Lauri of each eight ounces Rorismarini of each eight ounces Rutae seven ounces fol. tamarisci six ounces Ebuli Esbrii vel Majoranae Sabinae Balsamitae vel menthae aquaticae Salviae Ocymi Polii montani Calaminthae Artimesiae Enulae Betonicae Brancae ursinae Spargulae vel aparines Herbae venti Vel parsetariae Pimpinellae Agrimoniae Absinthii Herbae Paralyseos Herbae sanctae Mariae Cymarum sambuci Crassulae majoris Sempervivi Millefolii Chamedryos Centaurii minoris Quinque nervii i. Plantaginis majoris Fragariae Tetrahit Quinque folii Of each of these foure ounces and halfe Radic Altheae of each three ounces Sem. Cymini of each three ounces Myrrhae of each three ounces Fenugraeci one ounce and halfe Sem. Urticae majoris Violarum Papaveris rubri Mentastri Menthae Satinae Acetosae Pollitrichi Carduncelli Matrisylvae Butyri ten drams Adipis Ursini Of each one ounce Gallinacei Of each one ounce Mastiches Of each one ounce Thuris Of each one ounce Olei Nardini two ounces Cerae two pounds Maturellae Herbae moschatae Alleluiae Linguae Cervinae Crispulae Camphoratae Medullae Cervinae Styracis calamitae Of each half an ounce Your herbs being all fresh shall be shred and infused seven dayes in eight pound of Oyle and odoriferous Wine on the eighth day boyle them to the consumption of the Wine coole it a little and straine it then put in againe your Oyle into the pan and heat it on the fire gently and being pretty warme put into it your butter suet fats oyle and wax next your storax dissolved in Wine and a little Turpentine mingled with it then powder your Mastick Myrrh and Frankinsence and sprinkle them into the rest then mingle and incorporate them all well together with a spatula and put them up Vnguentum Agrippae THis Oyntment is good against the Dropsie affects of the spleene and paine in the belly it doth mollifie attenuate divide and dissipate Oedemata corporis as saith PHILLIP BARROVV it is good in old affects of the sinews easeth paine of the kidneys and by annoynting looseth the belly It is thus made â„ž Rad. Bryoniae two pounds Rad. Cucumeris agrestis one pound Scillae laminarum halfe a pound Rad. Ireos recentis three ounces Rad. filicis maris of each two ounces Ebuli of each two ounces Tribuli aquatici vel Ari of each two ounces Beat them all fresh and steep them in foure pound of white sweet Oyle the space of six or eight dayes then boyle them with a gentle fire untill the roots begin to shrink then straine them and put to your Oyle of white wax â„¥ vx and melt them together to the consistence of an Unguent Vnguentum Tutiae THis Oyntment is a good drier and is used in distillations of the eyes and is astringent cooling stopping and filling up It is thus made â„ž Tutiae praeparatae two ounces Lapidis calaminaris saepius usti in aqua plantaginis extincti one ounce Powder them very fine then take Axungiae porcinae one pound and halfe Wish it in Rose water three or foure times then put into it your powders and worke them well together to an oyntment Instead of hogs grease you may make the oyntment with unguent of Roses and that wil be the best Vuguentum Splenicum IS used in affects of the spleene and very necessary to be in readinesse and is made as followeth â„ž Olei Capparum one ounce Olei Lilliorum of each halfe an ounce Chamomelini of each halfe an ounce Butiri recentis of each halfe an ounce Succi brioniae of each halfe
an ounce Cyclaminis of each halfe an ounce Boyle them to the consumption of the juices and then adde these things following Ammoniaci aceto soluti two drams and halfe Pinguedinis gallinae of each halfe an ounce Medullae cruris vituli of each halfe an ounce Oesypi of each halfe an ounce Corticum rad tamarisci of each one dram capparum of each one dram Ceterach of each one dram Rad. filicis of each one dram Pulv sem Agnicasti of each one scruple Genistae of each one scruple Cerae as much as will serve to make them up in the forme of an Unguent These are all Unguents very necessary for a Surgeon to have continually in store for with these he may be able through his owne practice to dresse any wound from the first to the last Next wee wil looke what Oyles are fitting to be had and those I conceive may be such as follow that is Oyle of Roses THis Oyle is avodine and doth refrigerate and corroborate and therefore is good against hot diseases as Erysepilas c. also with Mel Rosarum it is a good balme for wounds in the head and elsewhere and hath divers other worthy uses in Chyrurgery and is thus made â„ž Oyle Olive one pound In the which you shal infuse foure ounces of red Roses gathered blowne and stamped in a mortar in a glasse vessel and set them in the Sun for seven or eight dayes then boyle it a little and straine it and adde as many more Roses and Sunne and straine them as you did the former shaking them every day do thus three severall times but let the last infusion stand forty dayes in the Sunne and then you may either set them up so or straine them out which you will Oyle of Dill IS avoydine and comforting it concocteth crude tumours causeth sleep mitigateth the head-ach refresheth the wearied members strengthneth the sinewes discusseth winde is profitable for Convulsions and asswageth aches easeth paines and hath many other good uses and is thus made â„ž Oyle Olive one pound Flowers and leaves of Dill foure ounces Make three severall infusions as you did your Roses to the last infusion you shall put foure ounces of the juice of Dill and boyle the Oyle gently until the juice be consumed Oyle of Camomile OYle of Camomile resolveth moderately and calefieth by annoynting the parts grieved it is good for the Collick Stone wearinesse and for Aches Feavers and for all other things with the former it is also very convenient in Clysters for all gripings and torsions of the guts and yieldeth grtat comfort to the intrayles by the good odour and warmth thereof It is made by infusion forty dayes with the flowers and oyle olive as before you did your Dill. Oyle of Wormes THis oyle of Earth-wormes helpeth the aches of the joints in any part of the body and doth strengthen and comfort well the sinewes weakned and pained and is good against convulsions and cramps and is also a good balme for wounded sinewes and is made as followeth â„ž Vermium terrestâ—ium halfe a pound wash them well in white wine and then put to them Olei communis two pounds Vini eight ounces Boyle them in a well gâ—afed vessell untill the wine be consumed then strain it and put it up Oyle of Lillies THis oyle doth moderately warme and resolve asswageth paine mollifieth hard tumors doth much mitigate the violence of diseases and is very effectuall against paines of the breast and stomacke and allayeth all the inordinate heat of the reins and bladder and is good with other unctious things to be used to anoint the lower parts of women in travell it is made as your former oyles of Lillie flowers and oyle but the yellow spikes in the middest of the flowers must be throwne away Oyle of Rue IS good for the paine in the knees and greines for the gowt paine of the head and midriffe sprung from a hot and dry cause It warmes and comforts the bladder matrice and sides and helps their griefes and is made of rue bruised and oyle olive as oyle of roses is made Oyle of Pepper OYle of pepper is good in any cold griefe of the nerves as the palsie cramp convulsion trembling and luxation it helpeth the falling sicknesse hip-gowt and paines in the joints it easeth the paines of rhe backe and cholicke opens obstructions and wonderfully helpes the matrice by calefying it and drying up the humidity therof it helpeth the cold griefes of the fundament the diseases of the kidneyes and bladder and breakes the stone and is made as followeth â„ž Piperis longi of each three drammes Nigri of each three drammes Albi of each three drammes Myrobal Chebularum of each five drammes Belliricarum of each five drammes Emblicarum of each five drammes Indarum of each five drammes Rad. Apii of each three drammes and halfe Faeniculi of each three drammes and halfe Sagapeni of each two drammes and halfe Opoponacis of each two drammes and halfe Ammoniaci of each two drammes and halfe Hyosciami of each two drammes and halfe Turpeti two drammes Zinziberis th ee drammes Surculorum Thymi recencium of each one handfull Rutae viridis of each one handfull steepe them according to Art in sufficient quantity of Aquavitae and oyle of walflowers two pound then boyle them to the consumption of the Aqua vitae Oyle of Fox THis Oyle is good for paine in the joints gowt sciatica and cureth the ache of the kidneyes and backe and is compounded after this maner â„ž The fattest Fox you can get of a middle age and well hunted and newly kild and garbish him quickly and fley him and cut him in small pieces and break all his bones well then boyle him in White wine and Spring water six pound Let him boyle thus untill halfe the liquor bee wasted very well scumming it at the first boyling then put into the vessell Olei antiqui dulcissimi four pounds Salis communis three ounces Florum salviae Thymi of each one pound Then boyle it againe untill almost all the water be consumed and then powre into it eight pound of water wherein hath beene well boyled one good handful of Dill and another of Time then boyle them altogether her with an easie fire untill all the water be wasted then straine it and separate the oyle from the moysture and keep it for thy use Oyle of Castoreum THE oyle of Castoreum or Beaver-cod is good in all cold affects of the braine and nerves if you anoint the backe bone with it it will cure the extreame shaking of Agues it avayleth much in the palsie cramp convulsions and all joint ache the composition is as followeth â„ž Castorei Of each three drams Stiracis Calamitae Of each three drams Galbani Of each three drams Euphorbii Of each three drams Cassiae ligneae Of each three drams Croci Of each three drams Opoponacis Of each three drams Carpobalsami sive cubebara Of each three drams Spicae nardi Of each
three drams Costi Of each three drams Cyperi Of each two drams and halfe Scaenanthus Of each two drams and halfe Piperis longi Of each two drams and halfe Nigri Of each two drams and halfe Sabinae Of each two drams and halfe Pyrethri Of each two drams and halfe Olei three pounds Vini Hispanici two pounds Dissolve the Galbanum and Oppoponax in the Sack and beat all the rest and put them and the Oyle altogether into the Sack and boyle them in a double vessel then straine them and put to the Liquor the Gummes being dissolved and strained and boyle them againe often stirring them that the Gums may not stick in the bottome let the storax be dissolved in wine by it selfe and then put to it one dram and a halfe of Turpentine and so mingle them altogether Oyle of Euphorbium OYle of Euphorbium is very excellent in all cold griefes of the Nerves and pains in the joynts caused by cold it helpeth the pains of the Liver and spleen and is a good head purge against the megrim Lethargy and swimming in the head and is thus made ℞ Stavidis agriae of each halfe an ounce Struthii vel saponariae of each halfe an ounce Pyrethri six drammes Calaminthes Montani siccae one ounce half Costi ten drammes Castorei five drammes Bruise them and macerate them three daies in three pintes and a halfe of sweet wine then boyle them with one pint and a halfe of the oyle of wall gilly-flowers untill the wine bee almost wasted then sprinkle into it of white fresh Euphórbium finely powdred halfe an ounce Mingle them well together and boyle it to the just consistence Oyle of Amber THis Oyle is made by distillation and is very good for the pain of the head resolution of the sinnewes and falling evil if one drop or two be taken with water of Betony or Lavender or in fair water it preserveth from poyson and mixed with parsley water or malmsey it is a singular remedy in discussing diseases of the Reines and Bladder bringing foorth the stone and opening the passage of the urine it profiteth in the Collick and strangullion four drops put into a little Angelica water and so given to a woman in travel refresheth all the weake faculties of the body confirmeth and openeth the braine and is extolled by CROLLIUS for the admirablest medicine in the Apoplexy and Epilepsie also for the Plague if one drop be rubbed on the nosthrils morning and evening it preserveth the party to one infected it is given from one scruple to two in Cardus water you may also make up little cakes with sugar and some appropriate water as Lavender water betony water water of liv'd flowers and mingle with it some few drops of this oyle and let them be eaten by those that have the palsie apoplexy or falling sicknesse In the fit of any of the aforesayd diseases it is good to anoint the nape of the necke and nosthrils or to cast a drop or two upon the coals and hold the patients head over them if you anoynt a few drops of it upon the breast and nosthrils of women affected with the diseases of the mother it helpeth it and keepeth it in its place and this the aforesayd cakes will doe being eaten it is availeable in fainting or the passion of the heart in agues three drops being taken in Cardus water at the comming of the fit and so sweat upon it and the ague wil be gone it is good to dry a catarrhous rheume it cures the toothache proceeding from cold defluxions if you mingle it with plantain water and gargarise it In the yellow jaundise given with water of endive chicory or selandine in retention of womens months seven or eight drops in balme water helpeth in vomiting of bloud three drops given in colts foot water turmentill water or water of sloes it stayeth it it cures the vertigo in the head the megrim and astonishtnes taken in fennel water it mendeth the sight and it helpeth the stitch in the side and is thus made ℞ Amber powdered twelve drammes Put it into a large glasse or a retort and powre to it as much of the sharpest white wine vineger let them digest in horsedung for eight dayes then put to it twice so much dry sand or stints out of the river beaten to powder and distill it according to Art with your retort in sand increasing your degrees of fire as you see cause This oyle must be rectified out of sand or salt and then washed with raine water Oyle of Nutmegs THis oyl being drunk with wine driveth down womens months and also the quick and dead fruit the same it doth if it bee given in a spoone with a little sugar being taken with wine it takes away all paines of the head comming of cold it comforts the maw and opens the liver milt and kidneyes it is excellent against beating of the heart and faintnesse and swounding if yee drinke thereof and anoint the region of the heart therewith it makes good bloud and expelleth flegmaticke and melancholick humours and makes a man merry being used at night it takes away all fancies and dreames if any had a wound or a broken ribbe by a fall or stroke let him drink this oyl with any wound drinke and it will help marvellously it is good in all filthy sores and for all cold diseases of the joynts and sinewes it makes sweete breath it helpes the spleene if the left side bee anoynted it helps all affects of the bladder if it bee drunke and is thus made ℞ Nucis moschatae contusae five pounds Aquae fontanae fifty pounds Macerate them the space of four and twenty hours then distill them in a large Limbecke with a cooler Oyle of Costus THis oyle warmeth and comforfeth the nerves and sinewes and opens their opilations it also comforts all the nervous parts it is good for the stomack liver and the falling of the hayre hinders baldnesse and makes a good colour and smell of the whole body it is made as followeth ℞ Costi amari two ounces Cassiae ligneae one ounce Summitatum sampsuci eight ounces Bruise them and macerate them two dayes in sufficient wine then boile them in three pounds of oile olive washed with wine in a double vessell untill the wine be wasted Ole of Wax OYle of Bees waxe healeth wounds contused and incised laying a cloth wet therein on the wound being first joyned together by stitching taken one dramme with white wine it stayeth the shedding of the hayre on the head or beard the place being anointed therewith it provokes urine being stopped it helpes stitches and paines in the loynes taking the sayd quantity in white wine it helpeth the cold gowt or sciatica and all other griefes comming of cold and is thus made R. Yellow waxe one pound Melt it and put to it powder of tile shards three pound mingle them and put them in a retort and draw out the oyle with a convenient heat you
Myrtle berries bruised and sprinkled with astringent wine lb i. Juice of the leaves lb ss Oyle of unripe Olives lb iij. Steep the Berries in the Oyle for the space of eight dayes then boyle them and straine them and put in more berries do thus three times in a double vessell after the third straining adde the juice and boyle it to the consumption of that juice and put it up Oyle of Origanum THis Oyle of Origanum cureth melancholly helpeth the dropsie and cureth the Cough the quartane Feaver and the tooch-ach and is made as the rest of the Oyles of Vegetables Of Waters And first of Mint Water MInt-Water doth warme and stengthen the Stomack Liver Spleene or Milt helpeth concoction stayeth vomit and is very cordiall and is distilled of speare mintes and white wine adding if you please a Clove or two and a blade of Mace Sassafras Water THis water openeth all obstructions or stoppings of the body namely of Liver Lungs kidneys and Spleen and thereby it is found by many experiences excellent against the Scurvy the French Disease and the Yellow-Jaundise it is an approved remedy against all cold Feavers and the Dropsie or for those that are inclining thereunto for it provoketh Urine and sweat in a very mild and naturall manner and driveth out many diseases by the pores of the skin it hath infinite more vertues ascribed to it for which I refer the Artist to Doctour MONARDUS his Booke and will only set down the making of it according to his description â„ž Of the bows of Sassafras halfe an ounce cut as swall as may be Water twelve pounds Put them into a new earthen pot and let them steep together two houres then seeth it until two parts be consumed and after it is cold let it be strained and kept in a glasse vessel and powre to the wood three pottles more of water and let it seeth untill halfe a pottle be consumed straine it cold and keep it as the former let the best water be taken in the morning fasting halfe a pint hot and then keep your self warme and procure sweat then change your self into hot clothing and rub off the sweat and eate of a Hen roasted and drink of the second Water at dinner and supper and in the day time eat no flesh at night but dry fruits and conserves and thus you may do so long as you find your selfe grieved Water of Cardus benedictus THis water easeth the paine of the head confirmeth the memory cureth a quartane provoketh sweat and comforteth the vitall spirits and is made by distillation Triacle Water Triacle Water is good in the Plague or Pestilentiall Feaver the French disease killeth Wormes helpeth the trembling of the heart and is good to be mingled in Diaphoreticks the manner of making it is as followeth â„ž Succi putaminis viridis nucum juglandium foure pound Succâ—rulae three pounds Succorum Cardui benedictae of each two pounds Calendulae of each two pounds Mellislae of each two pounds Rad. Petassitae recentium one pound and half Rad. Baâ—danae one pound Rad. Angelicae recentium of each six ounces Imperatoriae recentium of each six ounces Fol. Scordii foure handfull Theriacae Andromachi veteris probatae of each eight ounces Mithridatis of each eight ounces Vini canarini generosissimi twelve pounds Aceti vini albi accerrimi six pounds Succi limonum two pounds Digest them two dayes in horse dung or Balneo in a vessell well closed then distill it in sand Water of Damask Roses DAmask Rose water doth refrigerate and comfort the heart is good against swouning and causeth sleep Red Rose Water DOth refrigerate bind and corroborate the vitall and animall faculties benefiteth the head easeth the pained ears and eyes and doth good in inflammations and is profitable in medicines against Disentery White Rose water THe Water of White Roses is good to put in Colliries for the eyes Plantaine Water IS astringent and sanative good for them that are in a Consumption of the Lungs in a Dropsie or that have the bloudy flux good also against the quartane ague it cureth the Ulcers of the veines bladder and excoriations of the passage of the yard and being drunk helpeth against ardent urine or the sharpnesse of the water Balme Water THis water hath a great respect to the heart a great cordiall and of a good smell and tast it is more proper to women then men for it much respecteth the infirmities of the mother and is in the times of their paines very profitable to take a little of it for the safer provoking of a speedy delivery distill it with spirit of wine Angelica Water ANgelica Water may serve instead of Triacle and Mithridate for a preservative against the Plague or any infectious ayre for there is no one thing more commended by ancient and moderne Writers in that kind then angelica is whereof there is good experience it is also very stomachicall and cordiall and being truly made will retain his strength and virtue forty yeares and more it is made as the former Wormwood-water THis water is very grateful in the stomach for it is a balsome thereunto it consumeth and breaketh wind mightily and killeth worms hindreth vomiting provoketh appetite is very good against pains in the head proceeding of a cold cause and is very cordial It is made as the former Anniseed-water IS very excellent against wind in the stomach or elsewhere in the body and against Asthma Ptisick and shortness of breath it also breaketh phlegme and warmeth the stomach and is distilled from Anniseeds well macerated in Spirit of wine Cynamon-water CYnamon water doth comfort and strengthen the stomach the liver the milt the lungs the heart the brain and the sinews sharpneth the sight is good against venome as also the stingings and bitings of venemous beasts helpeth a bad or evill savouring breath is good against loathing of the stomach and where you desire to warm to open to attenuate digest or corroborate in all such cases this precious liquor excelleth and is made as the former Aqua-Coelestis THe Heavenly water is a principal antidote or preservative in all poysons or poysoned and infectious airs whatsoever for that either received into the body or but onely smelled unto it helpeth much against infection and doth very admirably restore again one faln either of the Dead-palsey or Falling-sickness and is also good either in the Collick or any gripings of the guts as also in any the weaknesses of the stomach and against any cold fluxes of the guts or belly two spoonfuls thereof given in a Clyster and hath many more special good uses and vertues It is made as followeth â„ž Cinamoni one ounce Zinziberis half an ounce Santalorum omnium of each six drams Caryophyllorum of each two drams and half Galangae of each two drams and half Nucis Moschatae of each two drams and half Macis cubebarum of each one dram Cardamomi utriusque of each three drams Sem. Melanthii of each three
Vade Mecum OR A COMPANION FOR A CHYRURGION fitted for times of peace or war Compendiously shewing the yong Artist the use of every severall Instrument belonging to a CHYRURGION and the vertues and qualities of all such Medicines as are needfull and necessary with the maner of compounding them according to the most approved Authors As also the perfect cure of green wounds either incised or contused Ulcers Fistulaes Fractures and Dislocations To which is added the maner of making Reports before a Judge of Assize of any one that hath come to an untimely end By THO. BRUGIS Doctor in Physick LONDON Printed by T. H. for THOMAS WILLIAM at the sign of the Bible in Little Britain 1652. T. Cross sculpsit The Preface EVery thing in the world is a naturall vision which wee ought to see and understand for the more cleare apprehension of the invisible Majesty of God but of all these man is the most to be admired being the worthiest most excelent of all the Creators works for whom God made all that was made There are some that hold an opinion that onely Nature was the first cause of things and that there is no other God than Nature but they are easily overthrown if they consider That Prima causa quod superiorem non agnoscat a qua suum esse acceperit ipsa sui ipsius causa est natura verò non a seipsa sed a principio superiori existit cum enim finita sit ut ex Coelorum motu patet ab alio certè definita est nihil siquidem seipsum definit ad haec si natura seipsum fecerit quae primae causae proprietas est certe seipsum fecit naturaliter quae vero naturaliter fiunt ex praeexistente materia fiunt ut si natura facta sit naturaliter eam ex materia praeexistente fieri oportuerit quod si statuatur natura nondum existente consequiter aliquid factum esse naturaliter naturam aliquid fecisse priusquam ipsamet existent non est ergo natura prima rerum causa That God made man and all things else in the world and subjected them to the power of man cannot be denyed and why he did this Plato tels you Ut a Deo bono opera bona fierent si ergo quaerimus saith one quis faecerit Deus est si per quod dixit fiat facta sunt si quare fiat quia bonus est nec enim auctor est excellentior Deo nec ars efficacior Dei verbo nec causa melior quam ut bonum crearetur a Deo bono Now although all these things were created of divers natures and properties yet by the incomprehensible wisdome of the Creator they were apoynted to tend to one certaine and common end namely to serve man and in him to shew forth the infinite power and greatnesse of their work master But in man alone the treasures of his heavenly graces are without comparison more liberally unfolded and that in all fulnesse and bounty as well in regard of the goods and commodities of this life as also in respect of the assured happinesse and eternall felicity which by the especiall grace of God is purchased and assured to him only in the immortality of the second life And forasmuch as every Countrey is not furnished with all sorts of things God having so disposed thereof that some should abound with those things which others greatly want and stand in need of the omnipotent providence hath taught us the means of transporting by water from one countrey to another with small loss trouble charges so that one Nation may communicate those cōmodities to another which the Creator hath bestowed upon them all each granting mutual help to the other by this meanes Now this great master-piece of the Creator the best part of nothing for whom all these were made through his disobedience pride ambition intemperance incredulity curiosity from whence proceeded originall sinne and that generall corruption of mankinde as from a fountaine flowed all bad inclinations and actuall transgressions which cause our severall calamities inflicted upon us for our sinnes and are the impulsive causes of all the miseries attending man these cause the privation and destruction of Gods image the cause of death and diseases of all temporall and eternall punishments from hence likewise proceed the instrumentall causes of our infirmities which are as divers as the infirmities themselves stars heavens elements c. and all the creatures which God hath made are armed against sinners they were indeed once good in themselves and that they are now many of them pernicious to us is not in their nature but our corruption which hath caused it as an ancient Philosopher notes to us by a comparison of those that saile in a Ship upon the water who are not above two or three fingers distant from death namely so far off as the thicknesse of the planks and timber of the Ship is in which they are carried into the Sea for if that timber were taken away from under them they cannot avoid drowning but we have death a great deale nearer to us wee carry it about us by infinite causes and means whereby we are every houre in danger of stifeling poysoning drowning c. and that both waking and sleeping eating and drinking at all times and in all places where-ever we become It hath pleased the omnipotent Creator out of his owne meer mercy and great providence to give knowledge and understanding of the vertues and qualities of the creatures which he hath placed in the world and of them to compound Medicines to withstand all such diseases as shall happen upon the bodies of this most noble Fabrick Next therefore to God we ought in all our extremities to seek to and relye upon the Physitian who is Manus Dei and to whom he hath given knowledge that he might bee glorified in his wondrous works read Ecclesiasticus the thirty eight Chapter where you may finde what honour and respect belongs to the Physitian but not meaning every one that steals the name of a Physitian for there be many Mountebanks Quacksalvers Empericks in every street almost and in every village that take upon them this name and make this divine noble and profitable Art to be evill spoken of and contemned by reason of such base and illiterate Artificers You have heard what the subject is the Artist hath to work upon the excellency whereof I would have him diligently to consider by contemplating the Heavens the Earth the Seas and all the creatures therein their excellency and admirable beauty which were onely created for the use of man and are maintained and preserved in their being and moving by one and the same divine providence alwaies like unto it selfe Next let him consider with what care diligence and respect he ought to behave himselfe towards this noble peece of workmanship and to that end let the Artist be honest having a good conscience doing nothing in his
mention It is thus made â„ž Of good white Claret Wine or Sack which is not sowre nor musty nor otherwise corrupt that quantity which may serve to fill the vessell wherein you make your distillation to a third part then put on the head furnished with the nose or pipe and so make your distillation first in ashes drawing about a third part from the whole as for example six or eight pintes out of foure and twenty then distill it againe in B. M drawing another third part which is two pintes so that the oftener you distill it the lesse Liquor you have but the more strong some use to rectifie it seven times Of Syrups And first Of Syrup of Wormwood THis Syrup corroborates the stomach helpeth concoction causeth an appetite discusseth wind openeth the veins moves urine and killeth worms and is thus made â„ž Absinthii romani sive pontici half a pound Rosarum rubratum two ounces Spicae Indicae three drams Vini albi antiqui generosi of each two pounds and half succi cydoniorum of each two pounds and half Macerate them in an earthen vessel four and twenty hours then boyl them until half be wasted strain it and put to the straining two pounds of Sugar and boyl it to a syrup Syrup of Lymons THe Syrup of Lymons is cordial and refrigerating it doth please and profit the appetite and comforteth all that are sick of the pestilence or continual and contagious Feavers as also all diseases on which exceeding great heat attendeth it cheareth up the heavy heart and dispelleth sorrow therefrom and against all obstructions of the spleen it is a good help and also well approved in the cure of the Scurvy It is made as followeth â„ž Juice of Lymons purified by going through a wollen strayner without crushing 7 pounds White-sugar five pound Boyl them with a soft fire to a syrup Syrup of Poppies SYrup of White-poppies hath an astringent quality it procureth sleep helpeth the cough hindreth the humors which distill from the head into the throat causing a tickling and is of precious use against the palsey if it be used in the beginning thereof It is made thus â„ž Capitum cum seminibus of each fifty drams papaveris albi nigri of each fifty drams Capillorum veneris fifteen drams Glycyrhicae five drams Jujubarum in number thirty Sem. lactucae forty drams Sem. malvae cydoniorum in linteo raro ligatorum of each one dram and half Boyl them in eight pints of water untill half be wasted strain it and to every three pounds of liquor put of Penidiorum sacchari of each one pound Boyl them to a syrup Syrup of Roses solutine THis Syrup is used as a gentle safe purge both to old young when they are molested either with burning or pestilent Feavers or any ho distemper of the body and is thus made â„ž Of Damask-roses one pound Fair water four pound Infuse them together then strain them and adde as many fresh Roses do this nine times then take of the last infusion six pound Sugar four pound Boyl it according to Art to a syrup Syrup of Violets THis Syrup doth break the acrimonie of melancho y tempereth the heat of the bowels bringeth down the belly by purging it helpeth the diseases of the throat as hoarsness and the dry cough and is a chief aid to the curing inflammations of the breast it helpeth the plurifie and quencheth the thirst in Feavers being put in cooling Juleps and is cordial It is thus made â„ž Violet flowers picked one pound Spring water hot one pound and half Or a sufficient quantity Put them in an earthen vessel glazed and close covered and let them infuse four and twenty hours then strain them hard take of this liquor one pound White-sugar two pound Mingle them and dissolve the Sugar with a continual equal heat and put it up for your use Oxymel simple OXymel simple is of great use for the cure of inflammations of the lungs and throat helpeth expectoration and difficult breathing cutteth and attenuateth thick and slimy humors purgeth the entrails without trouble and is good both in cold and hot affections and is made as followeth â„ž Of the best Aromatick-honey dispumed four pound Clear spring-water and of the best vinegar of each two pound Boyl them according to Art untill they come to a liquid syrup but take heed you boyl it not too much lest you spoil the taste Diamoron THis syrup is profitable in gargarismes against the eating ulcers of the mouth it cutteth away phlegme and cleanseth the mouth and throat and by reason of the pleasant taste thereof it is the more comfortable to the diseased It is made after this maner â„ž Succi mororum celsi rubri immaturorum of each one pound and half Mellis two pound Boyl them with an easie fire to the thickness of honey Syrup of Sloes SYrup of Sloes doth refrigerate and comfort the stomach stoppeth Fluxes healeth the excoriations of the intrails and is made with the Pulpe of sloes and sugar Hony of Roses HOny of Roses strengtheneth and cleanseth the stomack purgeth clammy humours helpeth concoction with the temperate heat thereof allayeth and stoppeth hot fluxes the phlegmone of the mouth gums and jaws it is singular good with Oyle of Roses for wounds in the head and putting to them some Aqua vitae makes them good to heal wounds in the joynts where the joynt water gleereth out It is made as followeth â„ž pure white Honey dispumed ten pounds Fresh juice of red Roses one pound Put them into a skillet and when they begin to boyle throw into them of fresh red Rose leaves picked foure pounds and boyle them until the juice be wasted alwayes stirring it then straine it and put it up in an earthen pot Conserves And first of Conserve of red Roses THe Conserve of red Roses is good for the heart and head strengthneth and comforteth both as also the bowels mitigating their heat and stoppeth fluxions and is much the more profitable in any griefe if a few drops of Oyle of Vitrioll be mixed therewith but beware of too much and is thus made â„ž Of red Rose leaves not fully blowed all the withered and corrupt leaves clipped away two pounds White sugar six pounds Put your leaves and halfe your sugar into a stone mortar and beat them til they be almost enough then put in the rest of the sugar and beat it up to a Conserve Conserve of Rosemary flowers OR Conserve of Anthos hath great force in comforting the brain and coroborating the sinnews and it is given with good successe in the falling sicknesse Apoplexy Lethargy dead and shaking palsey and is made as the Conserve of Roses is Conserve of Borage flowers THis Conserve is a great cordiall comforting the heart and all the vitalls it makes a man merry glad and chearfull and chaseth away all heavy sadnesse and dull melancholly and is made of Borage flowers picked and sugar as the former Conserve