doth presently ease the pain of the teeth coming from cold or wind and takes away all corruption but this remedy is nothing worth if the pain proceed from a hot cause Also it is good to rub aking teeth with the diâ—â—lled water of Tobacco To cure the Thrush and Ulcers of the Gums a mixture is made with Honey of Roses and the juyce of sour Pomgranats which maudifies scoures and breeds flesh The leaves of Tobacco roâ—sted under the hot embers applyed to the pained part ease the pains of the Throat over-cooled by rheume and all other Diseases of the body proceeding from cold causes And a gargarism may be made of the decoction of this Herb alone or mingled with other Herbs proper for this Disease It wonderfully helps Diseases of the brest and those that spit bloody matter Also for short breath and other inveterate Diseases if a decoction of it be made with Sugar and the Stomach being first purged it be taken for somâ— daies together So the leaves of Tobacco boyled in water and Sugar put to the decoction Or rather juyce of the leaves pressâ—d forth and boyled into a syrrup Apozeme or Julep taken daily upon an empty stomach two or three ounces 〈◊〉 a time abates the difficulty of breathing and an old cough It brings forth thick clammy corrupt humours but the sick must be first well purged and generally his body must be well emptied by Physick Also a Syrrup may be made of other pectoral means adding the leaves of Tobacco to them or Liquorish Reasins Jububes Figges Prunes Dates and Herbs fit for this use as Maydenhair Scabious Horehound and the like Take Maydenhairs white and black Horehound Coltsfoot of each one handfull Tobacco leaves two or three Reasins without stones whole Barley of each one Pugill Liquorish scraped two drammes make a decoction to a pint sweeten it with Sugar and Honey what is sufficient Another that attenuates and cuts more Take Scabious Horehound Maydenhairs Wall-Ruâ— of each one handfull and half Figgs ten Reasins one ounce Tobacco leaves five Liquorish scraped two drammes make a decoction in a pound of Hoâ—ied water untill two parts be consumed Adde to the strained Liquor of simple Oxymel Syrrup of Maydenhair of each two ounces Oxymel compound one ounce mingle them Water of Tobacco with Eybright water drank daily upon an empty stomach doth the same as Doctor Iarnacus Goverour of Rochel hath proved who was an intimate acquaintance of Nicotilus and private to the counsels and businesses of the French King and whom he chiefly desired to communicate the Knowledg of this Plant to This man being at a Banquet of the Kings with the Embassodour professed that by this means he cured one of an Asthma I saith Nicolaus Monardus observed some men troubled with an Asthma returning from the WestIndies or from Peru chewing Tobacco leaves in their mouthes and swallowing the juyce of them to make them spit forth corrupt matter but though these men were drunk by it it appears they found much good by it to bring out matter and flegm that stuck in their stomachâ— The dry powder of Tobbacco performs the same if you hold as much of it as you can take between the top of your fore-finger and thumb at the root of your tongue near your palate taking care that you swallow not the powder for in a short space you shall perceive great plenty of flegmatique humours to run forth at your mouth and this will endure untill that you may fill a small dish with flegme When you think this watry huâ—our is come forth in sufficient quantity wash your mouth with some good white Wine Do this every morning upon an empty stomach If this be to troublesome do it every third day alwaies according to art premising universals The same way it is profitable for the Diseases of the Brest and the parts adjoyning as the Lungs Wesand Throat offended by afflux of humours It is wonderfull good for pains proceeding from a defluxion of humours upon the mouth of the stomach or bred there and for all old paines of it or preternatural long-during paines of the Reins and for contractions of parts from chronical and lasting Diseases to chew the powder of dry leaves of Tobacco in the mouth to make an Apophâ—egmatism with them The women of the West-Indies mightily commend the leaves of Tobacco because they take away the crudities of the stomachs of young and old and dispell winds restore concoction soften the belly if it be first annointed with oyl of Olives and the leaves being made hot under hot embers be applyed to the region of the belly and be renewed as oft as occasion is The ashes must not be wiped off but more must be laid on to make it more effectual Also if you lay the said leaves so prepared to one that is surfeitted with meat or drink you shall very much remove his Crapula and repletion The same reason serves for the powder of the dry Herb if you put so much of it as you can hold between your finger and thumb into a spoonfull or two of Aqua vitae when you go to bed For it takes away your surfet and makes you sleep and resolves flegm They that swound away presently recover their former strength if the smoak of the leaves come into their mouthes or nostrils drawn by a Pipe or Reed Tobacco wonderfully helps the torments of the Guts and Belly and pain of the Colick and other paines proceeding from wind or cold if you lay the leaves on very hot and change them often untill the pain abate The powder of the leaves dried is good for the same use taken in white Wine or some other liquor when you go to bed about half a dram or a dram weight or thereabouts The leaves used the same way cure the wringing of the small Guts and it is proper to put this Herb with others in decoctions for Clysters as also to use them for Plasters and Fomentations that will do great service For Example take Mercury Râ—e Marsh Mallows Little Centâ—ury of each one handfull Hysop Calamint Wormwood of each one handfull and an half Tobacco leaves six roots of Marsh-mallows half an ounce Linseed Fenegrek of each three drams Cumminseed Anniseed of each one dram and half let them boâ—l in sufficient quantity of water untill the third paâ—t be consumed then take of the liquor boil'd and strained one pound Hiera Picra half â—n ounce Benedicta Laxativa â—ix drams fresh Butter Honey of Roseâ— strained of each six drams Oyl of Rue and Dill of each one ounce and half common Salt one dram Mingle them all and make a Clyster If Tobacco leaves be distilled with Fumitary it wonderfully helps all Diseases of the Liver But observe you must take less quantity of Fumitary then of Tobacco The juyce of the leaves of Tobacco bruised with a little Vineger or the Oyntment of them
superfluous leaves for otherwise these will suck to themselves the force and nutriment of the greater leaves dig the earth with your finger or a little stick and make a hole in it and put into it ten or twelve grains and put a piece of Oxe dung both at the botom and top of them Do not put fewer seeds into one hole for they are so small that they would be choaked and lost It hates cold exceedingly as I told you and therefore you must raise a wall with clay or stone upon the North side of it that it may lie open to the Sâ—uth Sunne that so in Winter it may receive some warmth for then it must be â—enced and covered with mats and straw The Preparation of the Leaves IT may at first be sowed in an open field and when it is grown forth to the height of the leaves or tender branches of Colâ—worts it may be transplanted and be set apart in the fâ—resaid long bedâ— three foot broad and they must be planted in that order that every plant may stand three or four foot off from another least when the plants grow big the greater leaves should touch and hurt one the other and this would prove to be very great damage Bâ—t when they are growne so great that the flowers begin to peep forth presently before the flowers open themselves you shall cut away all the young shoots and tops with all the small twigs on the sides and the lesser leaves that use to grow between the rest For Tobacco must not bring flowers or seeds if you intend to preserve the force of it entire Moreover at the lower end of the stalk of it there are commonly two leaves found the Spaniards call them Bascherâ—s which take away the pleasant taste of Tobacco if they be mingled with the others You shall therefore be sure to cut off these with the rest that are superfluous and do not use them in any use with the rest for they tast ill and do not smell well and leave but ten or twelve gâ—eat leaves upon the stalk commonly when the foresaid smalleaves with the shoots on the top and the two lowest and such as are to be rejected are cut off But have an espâ—cial care that the Tobacco you desire to sell into these Germane Countreys England or France you suffer it not to runne to flower for all the forces of it will be lost when it flowers Moreover you shall mingle and bruise together the foresaid smaller leaves cut off with the small sprouts and buds of the flowers utterly rejecting those two greater leaves at the bottom called Boscheros as being good for nothing and unprofitable and having pressed forth the juice you shall boyl it in the best sweet strong Spanish Malago wine others adde to it Dants Ale and you shall skim it well and when it is well purified you shall put in good store of salt that the juyce may be as salt as Sea water then cast in a good quantity of Anni-seed and Ginger beaten into very small pouder and let it boyl one hour longer then let it stand that the dregs may settle to the bottom and pour off all that is clear You must keep this juyce thus boyled the Spanisâ— call it Caldo in a vessel close stopt that the forces may be kept within untill such time as the greater leaves which you lefâ— upon the stalk for in these resides all the strength of the plant are grown full ripe which when they are come to you shall presently cut them off next to the stalk and you shall seâ— the foresaid juyce or Caldo upon the fire and boyl it almost yet it must not boyl for should it boyl the strength of it would flie away to nothing and you must dip all the said leaves in that juyce severally But if it be too troublesome to dip all the leaves in one by one you must spread a woollen cloth on the ground upon a floor or in a barn or place where the wind hath no power though it be in the open air and upon this y on shall lay a row of leaves as close as to touch one the other and upon this rank of leaves you shall lay another rank of leaves in the same order yet not wet in the foresaid juyce and taking into your hands a great watering vessel which you must dip into the said juyce or Caldo you shall water by sprinkling all the foresaid leaves and those being watered you shall lay upon them a third and fourth rank and so forward a fifth rank and upon that a sixth of new leaves sprinkling all the rows with the foresaid Ewer or with a brush still observing the same order untill such time as the leaves thus disposed in order rise to be a foot and half high Then you must cover the leaves yet hot with the liquor newly sprinkled upon them with other woollen clothes that all the rows of the leaves may hold their former â—eat and lie to ferment But if that heat or fermentation cannot be procured by those woollen clothes covering the leaves you may lay Horse dung upon those clothes to raise the heat to cherish the leaves and make them stand in a constant fermentation But that they may not grow over hot you must often look upon the leaves untill they change colour And if by the heat they begin to look any whit red and to appear so which may be seen if the leaves be held against the light it is time to uncover the leaves and to take the coverings away for being too much heated they would grow black which is a sign of burning and of corruption and there must be principal care taken that that befall not for this is the chiefest thing to be obâ—erved Tobacco being thus warmed and fermented the foresaid leaves must be hanged up with small packthreds thrusting the needle through the greater nerve of the leaves that is on the backside and so they must be hanged up in a windy place but not very high where the Sunne shines for by the Sunnes heat all their forces would vanish When the wind hath dried them enough they must be bound in bundles binding them with cords as hard as you can so that each bundle must be as great about in the circumference of it as a great Spanish Daller but above all take care that thâ—y be most closely bound together The leaves of Tobacco thus prepared must be diligently and closely pack'd in vessels thrusting them in as much as you can And by this preparing and preserving of Tobacco it will have excellent force and vertue Note in Spanish or Malago wine This way of preparation is of later time and invented by the Spaniards for the use of themselves and strangers For it is probable that the Indians that are the Inhabitants untill such time as wine was brought unto them from other parts beyond the Seas used wine of Dates or of Coccos or some other liquour not to say piss
casting into that hole â—ten or twelve grains you shall diligently cover them with the same earth But do not cast in three or four grains into a hole for they would be choaked being so small If the Climate be very hot you must water them for fifteen daies after you have sowed them also they may be sowed as Lettice seed and oâ—her seed of that kind namely by cuâ—iously mingling the earth and heaping of it together Some there are who mingle the most pure and fine Ashes with the earth but a very little for it grows very gently and slowly When it comes up it must be accurately defended against all injuries of cold and frost and in the night chiefly it must be covered when it grows up and thus it will for ever keep its native vigour and splendor uncorrupted When the Plant is grown a foot high because all the grains severally bring forth their stalks and the fibras of the roots stick together and are in a manner glewed you must cut the earth round about with your Knife and cuâ— the turf round and then take up the earth and cast it into a bucket full of water that the earth may the sooner be separated and the small stalks may swim on the top These you must take severally whole and wrapping them up in their own earth you must transplant into a ground that is well dunged some three or four foot off from the wall but somewhat deep that the stalk may grow the stronger But if the Earth neer the wall or fence be unfruitfull you must help this barrenness by trans-planting the stalks and by diligent watering of them Nicotiana took its name from Iohannes Nicotius by whose direction it first was made known to the French as also many Plants and Stalks bear the names of Men both amongst the Greeks and Latins who by their care and study brought them into their own Countries and Planted them there where they were unknown before This Nicotius Counsellour to the French King being in the Years 1559 and 1560. Embassadour for his King in Portingall and was minded on a day to go to see the Castle at Lisborn A certain Noble Man of the Low Countries shewed unto him this forrain Plant and gave it him freely saying he brought it from Florida Nicotius accepted it and took great care to have it set and maintained in his Garden and to be propagated untill being grown up it shewd forth wonderfull miracles of the faculties it had Thus it began to be esteemed much at Lisborn and to be called the Embassadours Herb. But because it was sent from Nicotius to Francis the second King of France and to the Queen Mother and to some of the principall Countries some called it the Queens Plant of Medicea and honoured it with that name for shee gave it to divers to be Planted and to be made increase all France over Some called it also the Plant of the great Prior because he sometimes passing from France into Portugal and being entertained by the Embassadour and Feasted received of him many of these Plants by way of gift and setting them in his Garden he took great care to make them grow there above all the rest The Spaniards call it Petum and Tobacco from the name of the Island wherein it was first found where it grows in abundance and thence it got the name The Indians that inhabit there call it Picielt The most illustrious Cardinall of Santa Cruce being the Popes Nuncio for the Church of Rome into Portingall brought it first from thence to Rome and therefore there it was called the Herb of Santa Cruce Many call it the holy or sacred Plant by reason of the divine and strange Vertues and forces of it Many again call it Petum the Male to distinguish it from the Female and that is the most proper and native name of it that the Inhabitants of Florida use to give it from whom it came to us Yet it is fit and reasonable that we should call it Nicotiana in regard of the Honourable memory of the foresaid Embassadour Nicotius who first endowed France with so excellent and divine a Plant. The Second kind of Tobacco as I said is to be called the Female Tobacco for experience the Mistris of all things teacheth us that it comes next to Male Tobacco in form root and seed and more then that because it often grows from the seed of the Male Tobacco For if it chance that any of the seed of the Male Tobacco when it is full of Seed fall to the ground Namely the same ground where Tobacco grew before doubtless the next year Female Tobacco will grow in that very place And if you sow the Male Tobacco Seed upon ground that is not hot enough but if barren and sandy In place of the Male it will bring forth the Female and in such abundance that it will be hard to root it out of that place but it will every year grow in of it self and this is an Argument that there is a double sex in Tobacco as it fals out in most Plants where there is an affinity betwixt them By its Rosiny smell not unpleasant and it 's sharp and biting tast it seems to be hot above the Second degree and dry in the First being very fit to Clense Resolve and Consolidate and for this it is miraculously effectuall for because by its Smoake it sometimes makes men drunke that doth not prove it to be a sort of Heâ—bane though it be very like it both by the Leaves Cups Stalks and Seed for it is not credible it will do it so soon as Henbane nor is it the effect of extreame cold but by the Aromaticall Vapour that proceeds from it which fill the cels of the brain But the temperament of the Third sort of Tobacco or rather nightshade yellow or black is cold and moist If you consider the effect of Tobacco the Leaves are the principall and next the Seed though the Seed be farre below them The Leaves must be used either greenwhen they are ripe or else dryed and in Winter brought to powder for they are of the same force as the juyce of the Leaves is The way to dry them is this run a threed through the fairest Leaves of Tobacco and those that are moderarely large and hang them in the shade in the roof of a Chamber where neither the Sun nor Fire nor Wind may come at them Others shew us another way to keep them any time of the year Put the dry Leaves of Tobacco into a Viol full of Oyl of Olives and when you will use them power off the Oyl and wiping the Leavs with a thin Linnen Cloth use them as if they were now gathered Further Amongest the effects of it this seems chiefly to be wonderfull The West-Indians and the Inhabitants of Peru and Florida use this to take away weariness and to make them