Iron hooks being soft under water but by the Air is hardned as Coral is the white which is the lighter and sweeter is best for Medicine the yellow serveth more to Mechanick uses and being rubbed it will draw strawes and other small things unto it as the Loadstone doth Iâ—on and it will burn like Rozen or Bitumen with a strong heady sent the powder thereof cast into the flame of a Candle or other light will make a sudden flash like Nitre by being distilled in a retort it will yeeld an oyle which at the first is very red and smelleth very strong and almost odious but being several times Rectified both colour and sent will be amended and the oyle fit for medicinal use Government and Virtues Amber is of a moderate hot and day temperature and under the particular influence of Mars if it be burned on Coals and the fumes therof received into the head Head it doth much help the moyst distillations thereof on the Eyes Eyes Teeth Teeth Nose Nose or Stomack Stomack and is good for those that have the falling sickness Falling-sickness It provokes womens courses and is very good for to help the fits of the Mother Courses Mother it prevents miscarriage and procures Easie delivery to take half a dram of the powder in a teare Egg or in Wine three or four mornings together which also helpeth the whites and men that have the running of the Reins it stayeth fluxes and strengthneth the parts it provokes Urine plentifully being taken in saxifrage-saxifrage-water It is very good for those that are troubled with old Coughs or are fallen into Consumptions to take the powder therof mixed with conserve of red Roses and taken in the mornings fasting and is also profitable for Joynt-Aches and the Running Gout the chymical oyl of Amber being taken inwardly three or four drops in a little Muscadine doth wonderfully help the Stone and the stopping of Urine Strangury or pissing by drops Two or three drops used outwardly to the Temples and the nape of the Neck or behind the Eares doth warm and dry a cold moist brain discusseth wind in the Eares and head strengthneth the memory and is good in all diseases of the head or brain Ambergrease Names Descript IT is called Ambra Grisea in Latin and Ambergrise in English But what it is or from what it cometh there are various opinions yet none certain some suppose it be the spawn of a Whale others affirm it to bee the excrement which hath long continued in the belly of the whale which being cast forth is by the motion of the Seas cast on shore some others think it to be the excrement of certain great fishes and some take it to be the Foam of the Sea but all these opinions are vulgar Errors and Erroneous The most certain received opinion of the most Judicious is That it is a kind of Bitumen whose springs are in the Rocks of the Sea or as some and with good reason affirm that it groweth on the Rocks as Mushrooms do on Trees condensate into that fâ—rm and substance we observe it in oily and unctuous originally and being light is carried by the waves of the Sea unto the shores of sundry Countries and climates There is much variety in the colour thereof and some in the substance as white more or less or gray lighter or darker or inclining to redness or darkness that which is not very white as being usually very dry and inclining to a grayish colour more or lesse and either with spots and veines or without so as it be fat that is upon a knives point heated will shew oyly is accounted the best and the black sort is the worst Government and Vertues It is governed by the Sun and is hot and dry of temperature in the second degree it warmeth resolveth and strengthneth what way soever it be taken it easeth the paines in the head being dissolved in a warm morter and mixed with a little oyntment of Orenge flowers the Temples and forehead being anointed therwith It likewise comforteth the brain warmeth and resolveth the cold defluxions of humors thereon and on the Nerves and Sinews it doth also comfort and strengthen the memory and vital spirits it is good for women troubled with the mother to be applied to the place it helpeth barrenness proceeding from a cold cause and is good for those to smell unto who are subject to the falling sickness it doth well agree with aged persons to warm comfort and strengthen their cold decayed spirits adding vigour unto them and is likewise accounted to have a property to stir and excite Venereous exercises Amomum Description IT is a bunch or cluster of whitish round berries somewhat like unto grapes for the outward form and bigness but else very like unto Cardamomes within yet bigger and rounder having within the outer whitish thin shell or skin many blackish brown seeds close thrust together very like to the inner seeds of Cardamoms but larger and of somewhat a hot peircing sent smelling like unto oyle of spike and of a sharpe hot and quick tast as most Indian spices are Government and Vertues Sol hath the peculiar Government hereof it is of an heating binding and drying quality procuring rest and sleep Sleep Rest and easing pains in the head Head-ach Imposthumes Scorpions being applied to the forehead it digesteth and discusseth inflamations and Imposthumes and helpeth those that are stung by Scorpions being used with Basil it is good against the Gout and Griping in the Guts Gout Gripings to swallow three are four of the seeds and for the fits of the mother taken in the same manner or made into a pessary and so used or else in a Bath It is convenient for the Liver and Reines and is an ingredient of cheif account in great Antidotes that are preservatives Annise Name IT hath no other name but Annise and Anniseeds Descript This plant hath leaves much like young parsly newly sprung up his stalks be round and hollow the leaves at first coming up somwhat round but afterwards spring forth other leaves cut and jagged like those of Parsly but a great deal smaller and whiter at the top of the stalkes grow divers fair tufts or spikey Rundells with white flowers which being past cometh the seed whitish and sweet in smell and tast Place Annise grows naturally in Syria and Candy but may now be found in some gardens in England Time It flowers in June and July Nature and Vertues It is under the dominion of Jupiter of temperature hot and dry in the third degree the seeds are only used in Physick which do much dissolve Wind Wind Stomack Bow Belly lask Vrine stone Hiccop Flux Whites dropsie Liver Thirst Lust milk Mouth breath flegm Cough poyson Venemous Beasts Fa ling-sickness Squinance Throat help belchings and blastings in the Stomack and bowels Gripings and pains in the belly it stoppeth the Lask and provoks Urine and
may outwardly be applied for the same purpose it hindreth conception in Women if they make much use of it The Cokar Nut-tree Description and Names THis groweth to be a great large Timber-tree the body cover'd with a smooth bark bare or naked without any branch to a great height for which cause the Indians do either bore holes therein at certain distances and knock strong pegs into them which stick out so much as may serve for sooting to get up into the tree to gather the juice or liquor and the fruit or fasten ropes with nailes round about the tree with spaces which serve as steps to go up into it and towards the top it spreadeth out into sundry great Arms which bow themselves almost round with large leaves on them like the Date tree but greater whose middle-rib is very great and abiding alwaies green and with fruit also continually one succeeding another from between the lower boughs come forth smaller stalks hanging down bearing sundry flowers on them like those of the chestnut-tree after which come large great three-square fruit or Nuts ten or twelve and sometimes twenty thereon together as big as ones head or as a smaller Pompion almost round but a little smaller at the end covered with a hard tough Ash-coloured thick bark an inch thick in some places and within it a hard woody brownish shell but black being polished having at the Head or top thereof three holes somewhat resembling the nose and eyes of a Monkey between which outer bark and this shell grow many gross thredd 's or hairs within the woody shell there is a white kernel cleaving close to the side thereof as sweet as an Almond with a fine sweet water in the middle thereof as pleasant as Milk which will grow lesse pleasant or consume either by over ripeness or long keeping this tree is called by the Indians Maro in Malaca Trican and in other places by several other apppellations the timber of this tree is solid and firm black and shining like the walnut-tree and fit for any building and Garcias saith it is of two sorts I suppose he meaneth for two uses the one to bear fruit the other to extract the liquor which issues therefrom when the branches are cut or when it is bored and received into some things tyed thereunto for that purpose which liquor they call in their Language Sura and it sheweth like unto troubled Wine but in tast like new sweet Wine which being boyled they call Orraque and being destilled it yeildeth a spirit like unto our Aquavitae and it is used for the same purposes as we do ours and will burn like it they call it Fula And being set in the Sun it will become good Vinegar and that which runneth last being set in the Sun to grow hard or boyled to hardness will become Sugar which they call Jagra of the inner kernel while it is fresh they make bread the fresher the Nuts are the sweeter is the meat thereof Government and Vertues This is a Solar plant the fruit or kernel of the Coker-nut doth nourish very much and is good for lean bodies they increase the natural seed and stir up the appetite to Venery Venery Throat and are good to mollifie the hoarsenesse of the Throat and hoarseness Hoarseness of the voice Chocholate HAving before set down the particular Vertues of the Cacoa or Coker-Nut I shall add somewhat of a Confection or Composition made therof called Chocolate It is brought over unto us made into Rowls is used for a Cordial being macerated in milk and made potable adding what other ingredients pleases the preparer thereof which may be done divers waies according to the constitution of the party and medicinal use it is prepared for There is very much variety of the ingredients whereof this confection is compounded some do put into it black Pepper and Tanasco which is a red Indian root like Madder which is proper onely for those who are of cold and moist constitutions and are troubled with a very cold Stomack and Liver Another Receipt of the Indian Spaniards is this Take of Cacoa's 700. of white Sugar one pound and an half Cinnamon two ounces of long red Pepper 14 in Number of Cloves half an ounce three cods of the Logwood or Campeche tree or instead of that the weight of two Rialls or a shilling of Anniseeds some put in Almonds kernels of Nuts and orenge-flower-Orenge-flower-water This Receipt is fit for those that have chronick diseases macilent bodies or are inclinable to be infirm you may either add or take away according to the necessity or temperature of every one and it is very proper and convenient that Sugar be put into it when it is drunk sometimes they make Tabulats of the Sugar and the Chocholate together which they do onely to please the palâ—ts as the Dames of Mexico do use it and they are there sold in shops and are confected and eaten like other sweet-meats Another Receipt or way of compounding it shall follow but take this for a Rule that one Receipt cannot be proper for all Persons therefore such as drink it as common drink in publick houses may receive more hurt than good by it therefore every one may make choice of the ingredients that they may be usefull for the complexion of the Body The Receipt is this To every 100 of Cacao's put two cods of long red Pepper one handful of Anniseeds one cod of Campeche or Logwood two drams of Cinnamon Almonds and Hasel-nuts of each a dozen white Sugar half a pound and if you cannot have those things which come from the Indies you may make it with the rest The way of compounding the Chocholate The Cacao and other ingredients must be beaten in a stone morter or grownd upon abroad stone which the Indians call Metate and is made onely for that use such stones as our Painters grind their colours upon will serve for that use the first thing that is to be done is to dry the ingredients with care that in stirring they be not burnt nor become black and if they be over dried then they will be bitter and lose their vertue the Cinnamon and the long red Pepper are to be first beaten with the Anniseed and then beat the Cacao by little and little till it be all powdered and sometimes turn it round in the beating that it may mix the better and every one of these ingredients must be beaten by it self and then put them all into the vessel where the Cacao is which you must stir together then take out that paste put it into the morter under which you must lay a little fire after the confection it made But you must be very careful not to put more fire than will warm it that the unctuous parts do not fly away you must searse all the ingredients but onely the Cacoa and when you find it to be wel beaten and incorporated which you shall know by the
shortness of it then with a spoon take up some of the paste which will be almost liquid and so either make it into tablets or rowles or put it into boxes and when it is cold it will be hard To make the Tablets you must put a spoonful of the paste upon a sheet of Paper the Indians put it upon a leaf where being put in the shade it grows hard and then howing the Paper the Tablets fall off by reason of the fatness of the paste but if it be put into any thing of earth or wood it will stick fast and will not come off without scraping or breaking In the Indies they take it two several wayes the one being the common way is to take it hot with Atolle which was the drink of antient Indians they call Atolle pap made of the flower of Maiz and so they mingle it with the Chocholate the other modern way which the Spaniards use is of two sorts the one is that the Chocholate being dissolved with cold water and the scum taken off and put into another Vessel they put the remainder upon the Fire with Sugar and when it is warm then they pour it upon the scum they tooke off before and so drink it the other way is to warm the water and then when you have put into a pot or dish asmuch Chocholate as you think fit put in a little of the warm water and then grind it well with the Molinet and when it is well ground put the rest of the warm water to it and so drink it with Sugar to your tast Besides these former wayes there are others one is put the Chocholate into a pipkin with a little water and let it boyl well until it be dissolved and then put in sufficient water and Sugar according to the quality of the Chocholate and then boyl it again until there comes an oyly scum upon it and then drink it There is another way to drink Chocholate which is cold and takes its name from the principal ingredient and is called Cacao which they use at Feasts to refresh themselves and it is made after this manner The Chocholate being dissolved in water with the Molinet take off the scum or crassy part which riseth in great quantity when the Cacao is older and more putrified the scum is laid aside by it self in a little dish and then put Sugar into that pan from whence you took the scum and pour it from on high upon the scum and so drink it cold but this drink doth not agree with all Stomacks by reason of its coldness There is another way to drink it cold which is called Cacao penali and it is done by adding to the same Chocholate having made the confection as is before set down so much Maiz dried and well grownd and taken from the husk and then well-mingled in the morter with the Chocholat it falls all into flower or dust and so these things being mingled as is said before there riseth the scum and so take it and drink it as before There is another way which is a short and quicker way to make it which is more wholsom that is first to set some water to warm and while it warms throw a Tablet or some Chocholate scraped and mingled with Sugar into a little cup and when the water is hot pour the water to the Chocholate and then dissolve it with the Molinet and then without taking off the scum drink it But in our colder Country most usually it is thus made with milk instead of water and some add yolks of Eggs and a sop of white Bread Such as desire to take it in milk three ounces of Chocolate will be sufficient to a quart of milk scrape the Chocolate very fine and put it into the milk when it boyles work it very well with the Spanish instrument called Molenillo between your hands which instrument must be of wood with a round knob made very round and cut ragged that as you turn it in your hands the milk may froth and dissolve the Chocolate the better then set the milk on the fire again untill it be ready to boyl having the yolk of two eggs well beaten with some of the hot milk then put your eggs into the milk and Chocolate and Sugar asmuch as you like for your tast work it altogether with the Molinet and thus drink it or if you please you may slice a little manchet into a dish and so eat it for a breakfast you may if you please make it also with water instead of milk after this manner Set a pot of conduit-water over the fire untill it boyles then to every person that is to drink put an ounce of Chocolate with asmuch Sugar into every pot whereunto pour a pint of the said water so boyling and therein work together the Chocolate and the Sugar with the Instrument called El-Molenillo until it be throughly incorporated which done pour in as many half pints of the said water as there be ounces of the Chocolate and if you please you may put in the yolks of one or two new-laid eggs which must be beaten untill they froth very much the hotter it is drunk the better it is you may likewise put in a slice of white-bread or bisket and eat that with the Chocolate which will be a very substantial and Cordial breakfast Coffee THis is reported to be the berries of certain shrubs or bushes growing in Arabia and from them into Turkey and other parts it is said of it self to be insipid having neither scent nor tast but being pounded and baked as they do prepare it to make the Coffee-liquor with it then stinks most loathsomly which is an argument of some Saturnine quality in it the propugners for this filthy drink affirm it causeth watchfulness so do both the stinking Hemlock and Henbane in their first operation if unhappily taken into the body but their worse effects soon follow They also say it makes them sober when they are drunk yet they would be alwaies accounted sober persons or at least think themselves so when they can but once sit down in a Coffee-house certainly if there had been any wâ—th in it some of the antient Arabian Physitians or others neer those parts would have recorded it But there is no mention made of any medicinal use thereof by any Author either Antient or Modern neither can it be indued with any such properties as the indulgers of it feed their fancies with but this I may truly say of it Quod Anglorum Corpora quae huic liquori tantopere indulgent in Barbarorum naturam degenerasse videntur But if any one desire to make Coffee after the manner as it is prepared and sold here in Engl. in the publick Coffee-houses it is thus Take a gallon of water and set it in a pot of Tyn or any other Vessel close cover'd set it upon the fire and let it boyl when it throughly boyles put into it a quarter of
almost woody and cutteth blackish within so that it may be very probable that the one sort with the soft white root hath flag-like-leaves and seed also like Iris. The other root which is more slender and black yet of the same fashion may be that which beareth seed like leaves described by Lobel rather to be preserved than for ordinary use with us but both sorts are preserved best while they are fresh and green and the black sort aswel also after it is dryed by steeping it and then boyling it to make it tender but the white sort will not so well serve to be preserved or candied after it is dryed but is best being preserved green Government and Vertues Ginger is a Solar plant it is of excellent use to warm a cold Stomack to help Digestion Digestion and to dissolve Wind Wind both in the Stomack Stomack and Bowels the Indians eat it in Sallads while it is fresh the root being sliced and put among the herbes and it helpeth to mollifie and loosen the Belly while it is moist much of the heat which it hath being dry being abated by the moisture the Candied or Green-ginger is most comfortable to the Stomack and is profitable for all the purposes aforesaid Guiacum Names IT is also called Lignum Sanctum Lignum-vitae and Lignum Indicum Descript The Guiacum that groweth in some parts of the Indies is better than in others yet the wood of all is hard firm close and heavy so that it will sink in water more than Ebony and not swim it is of an hot sharp and resinous tast somewhat burning in the Throat the blacker or browner is better then the yellow being in a manner all heart the yellow being as it were but the sap The tree groweth great with a reasonable thick greenish gummy bark the tree is also spread with sundry Armes and branches great and small and on them winged leaves set by couples one against another which are small thick hard and almost round with divers veines in them and continue always green at the joints and ends of the branches come forth many flowers standing in a tuft together every one on a long footstalk consisting of six small whitish yellow leaves with some threds in the middle which turn into flat yellowish gristly fruit of the fashion of the seed Vessel of Shepherds purse it yeeldeth forth also a gum or Rozen of a dark colour which will easily burn Government and Virtues Mars ownes this tree boâ—h the wood bark and gum are hot and dry and are used for all cold flegmarick and windy humors Flegm Wind Catharrhs Lungs Coughs Teeth and are effectual against the Epilepsie Falling-s ckness Catharrhs Rheums and cold distillations on the Lungs or other parts Coâ—ghs and Consumptions the Gout and all Joint-aches and many other like diseases and to make the Teeth white and firm if they be often washed with the decoction thereof but most particularly it is appropriated to the cure of the French-pox French-Pox by drinking the decoction of the wood and bark which by reason of its heat and dryness is somewhat rough in the Throat it may be mollified by adding Licoris and other proper qualifications There may an extract be made thereof which is not unpleasant to take and most effectual for the French-Pox which is made in this manner Extractum Ligni Guiaci pro morbo Gallico Take of the chips of Guiacum one ounce bark of the same half an ounce let them stand in digestion in Spirit of Wine 15 days separating it so often until all the strength thereof be extracted then evaporate the Spirit by distillation untill it come to the consistence of hony then take this matter while it is hot and cast it into an earthen pan wherein is cold water and it will forthwith coagulate into a substance like Pitch or Aloes This may be formed into pills of the bigness of Pease whereof may given two or three it is a most excellent Sudorifick and Bezo artick remedy which will so mundifie and cleanse the body and whole Mass of blood as that it will suffer no corruption to abide therein it doth wonderfully provoke Sweat and Urine and takes down the great Bellies and Swelling legs of hydropick bodies The dose is from two pills to three or at the most in strong bodies to four drinking after it some water of Carduus Benedictus The ordinary diet drink for the French Disease is thus prepared Take of Guiacum four ounces of the bark thereof one ounce and an half Sarsa-parilla eight ounces Sassafras one ounce China-root sliced three ounces let them stand in infusion hot in Spring water three gallons by the space of 24 hours adding towards the end Raisins of the Sun stoned half a pound Harts-horn and shavings of Ivory of each one ounce fine Cinnamon one ounce and an half Coriander-seeds prepared one ounce strain it and let the patient drink it for an ordinary drink forbearing all other Although this be appropriated chiefly to the cure of the French-Pox yet it is effectual and profitable to be used for the Scurvy Dropsie Jaundies Gout Leprosie old putrified Agues and Feavers and indeed all Chronick diseases An excellent purging Ale may also be here with made effectual not onely for all the purposes before mentioned but for Coughs Consumptions shortness of Breath Tissicks it restores natural heat helps the Memory quickens the senses helps Cramps and Palsies stiches and pains that come of Wind and is good to prevent Miscarriages and opens obstructions of the Liver Reins and Bladder It is thus made Take Guiacum 6 ounces bark of the same one ounce and an half Sarsaparilla half a pound China-root and Sassafras each two ounces Lignum Aloes Coriander-seed Annise and sweet Fennel-seeds of each three ounces Citron peeles two ounces leaves of Colts-foot Ceterach Maiden-hair Sage Rue Harts-tongue Scabious Egremony each one handful Sena and Carthamum-seeds each 6 ounces Rhubarb Hermodactils each four ounces Liquorice three ounces infuse all in 8 gallons of Ale and let it work together adding of the juice of Garden-Scurvy-grasse Water-Cresses and Brook-lime each a pint with two Orenges sliced after it is three daies old drink it a pint in the morning and asmuch at four a Clock in the Afternoon Gum Arabick Names Descript THis Gum cometh forth of a tree called Acacia seu Spina Aegyptia vera the true Acacia Aegyptian thorn or Binding-bean-tree which yeeldeth of its own accord a bright Gum in small curled peeces and greater round peeces if it be wounded which is called Gummi Arabicum and Gum Arabick which being broken is clear pure white and transparent some are very long and large peeces and cleer and transparent but reddish this gum will dissolve of it self in waters and serveth as a glew to stiffen bind and fasten things it distilleth and droppeth out of the tree in bigger or lesser peeces as either issuing forth or helped by slitting the bark and giving it
thereof for his ordinary drink till he be well If he chance to be burnt with Gun-powder then presently take common salt half an ounce Juice of onyons four ounces mix them together and anoynt the Patient therewith but where the skin is burnt off then use this following oyntment Take two pound of Linseed oyl one pound and a half of oyl of Roses Violet-leaves Mallows Water-Lillies of the Bark of the green Alder-tree House-leek each one handful Porks greese first well washed in waters of Roses and Nightshade as much as is sufficient Infuse all these for the space of six days then boyl them over a gentle fire till the vertue of the herbs be drawn out then strain them and add thereunto white wax as much as is sufficient to make them into an oyntment and if in the boyling you put in one pound of Shoomakers peece greese it will be the better But if the eyes chance to be burnt apply this Remedy red Rose-water four ounces Womens milk if to be had two ounces two whites of eggs and a little Sugar-candy mix them together apply it to the eye or anoynt the Eyelids with this excellent oyntment Take four ounces of Oyl of Roses one ounce of Cerus wash'd in red Rose-water two whites of Eggs one ounce of white wax one dram of Camphire mix them for use But beware in any case you apply not Soap or any such like medicines to any part where the skin is off and if there follow any swelling then apply this Pultis following made of two handfuls of Mallows and two handfuls of Violet-leaves Camomile-flowers and Rose-leaves of each one handful boyl these in new milk or Barley-water till they be soft then stamp them in a Mortar and add thereto the oyntment of Roses and Unguentum Populeum or oyntment of Poplar-buds of each one ounce and a half two yolks of Eggs two ounces of Barley-meal the roots of Marsh-mallows and the seeds of Flea-bane of each half an ounce sometimes you may put in the pulps of these of each two ounces and half an ounce of oyl of Roses with the Crums of white bread You are in the mean time to have regard the Patients body be in good order either naturally or by Art if not naturally administer this Glyster or the like as often as you see occasion Take of Mallows Violet-leaves Pellitory Beets and Mercury Camomile-flowers of each one handful half an ounce of sweet Fennel-seeds two drams of Linseed boyl them in a sufficient quantity of common water to a pint in which dissolve one ounce or six drams or half an ounce according to the nature of your Patient of Diaphenicon or lenitive Electuary or Diacatholicon with butter or oyls with about a dram of common salt Bloud-letting is not to be forgotten you may likewise make the Patient a drink after this manner taking of Egrimony Mugwort Angelica St. Johns wort Mouse-ears of each two handfull Wormwood half a handful Southernwood Bettony Buglos Comfrey the greater and lesser roots and all her Avens both sorts of Plantane Sanacle Tormentil with the roots the buds of Barbery and Oak of each a handful take of all these herbs mixed together three handful boyl them in two quarts of water and a quart of white-wine gently till the third part or one half be consumed strain it and add one pound of Honey being scummed and let the Patient drink of it or you may sweeten it to make it pleasant with boyling Reasons of the Sun stoned pruans or the like with Sugar Now when you meet with any wounded in the head apply a playster of the white of an Egg Bolarmonack and Aloes next day dress it with Arceus his Lineament and lay upon it Emplastrum de Janua or else de Gratia Dei which will perfectly heal the wound But if it be deep you may apply either the above-mentioned or this medicin following which will bring the wound to run with good matter which is made with Venus Turpentine the yolk of an egg oyl of Roses and a little Saffron afterwards you must add honey of Roses and Barley-flower to the former medicine till the wound be perfectly cured But if you find the former medicines not to answer your expectation then make use of this that follows viz. Take two ounces of Venice Turpentine one ounce of Syrrup of Roses Powder of Myrrhe and Mastich of each half a dram mix them together for your use Lastly wholly to close and dry up the wound use this following powder which is made of Burnt Allum and the rindes of Pomgranates burnt of each one dram mix them apply it either alone or mixed with Unguentum desiccativum rubrum But if the wound be very large stich it up first washing the wound with some warm wine then dressing it with Venice Turpentine mixed with a little Aqua vitae dissolving therein some sanguis Draconis i. e. Dragons-bloud Mastich and Aloes let not your stiches be too streight or close together for fear of pain and Inflammations which may happen till the wound comes to maturity or suppuration but only to keep out the air and put somewhat a broad-like tent into the lowest part of the wound that the Matter may have passage forth then apply this following Cataplasm above the other dressing Take Barley and Bean-meal of each six ounces oyl of Roses three drams as much vinegar as will serve to make it a Pultis which doth cool dry repell or drive back and mitigate and asswage pain and inflammation and stayes bleeding If you suspect or fear that the Patient have a feaver let bloud forthwith according to the strength and ability of your Patient daily administring cooling glysters made of Barley-water wherein may be boyled Violet-leaves Mallows and Mercury and such like dissolving syrrup of Violets and Roses pulp of Cassia and such like therein or you may give him a gentle Purge of Electuarium Diacatholicon Electuarium lenitivum or the like an ounce more or less for a Dose according to the strength of your Patient or if he like Pills rather give him Pillulae Cochiae and Pillulae Ruffi of each half a dram mix'd well together let the Patient take three over night and three the next morning if he have a foul body and you see need you may continue them every other day for a week or more as you see cause likewise you may administer suppositories made of honey boyl'd to a due hardness with common salt But if you meet with only a bruised head without a wound then the head is to be shaved applying this following Oyl of Myrtle and the powder of the same of each one ounce the white of an Egg mix it and apply it Or this Pultis instead thereof consisting of flower of Barley and Beans with vinegar and oyl of Roses Dress it twice a day till the part comes to its former temperature if you were not at the beginning then first anoynting it with oyl of wax lay on
Emplastrum Cuminum or the plaister of Cummin-seed But if after all this there remain a tumor or swelling apply Emplastrum de Betonica or plaister of Betony or de Minio or the Red-lead Plaister or take two ounces of Emplastrum de Mucilaginibus or Emplaister of the Muscilages Oxicroceum Emplastrum Meleloti or the Melilot plaister of each one ounce oyl of Camomile and Dill of each two ounces of these make a Cerat or Cerecloath as they call it Or this Three pintes of red-wine commonly such as loches are wash'd with a quart twenty cypress nuts and Myrtle-berries both bruised one ounce of red rose leaves Wormwood Sage-leaves Sweet Mariorum Camomile and Melilot-flowers of each half a handful make a water of them being boyled together dipping flannel cloaths in it wrung hot out and applyed then apply one of the plaisters above The Melilot plaister alone hath been found of admirable effect in Contusions or bruisings If these remove not the tumor then you must see to ripen it asâ—oon as you can which may be done by this medicine made of two parts of water one of oyl with as much wheat-flower as will make it to a Pultis of a good body adding thereto the yolk of an egg Now having brought it to matter it must be opened in the most declining part then if the skul be found dress it with this Syrup of dryed Roses and Wormwood of each an ounce half an ounce of Turpentine Orrice-roots Aloes Myrrhe Mastich and Bean-flower of each one dram mix them according to art If the skul be foul then smooth it with an Instrument called a Raspatory made for that purpose apply this powder thereto Take of Orrice-root Gentian round Birthwort Dittany Barley-flower of each half an ounce Aloes Draggons bloud Myrrhe Mastich Sarcocol of each two drams make a powder for your use After the bone is scaled cure it as ordinary wounds if from a Bruise or Contusion a gangreen should follow which you may know by the hardness of the part when it looks black then you are to Scarrifie or cut the flesh with your Incision-knife or Rasor and apply Cupping-glasses dressing it with Aegyptiacum Spirit of wine and such like till you have secured it from going further then cure it as in other wounds If a wound happen upon the muscles of the Temple either by pricking or thrusting over thwart ways or long ways the two first if deep are dangerous being accompanied with vomi ing convulsion and deep sleeping if it be by a thrust the hair being shaven away dress it with oyl of St. Johns wort compound oyl and Earth-worms upon that apply Paracelsus plaister if over thwart ways stich it dressing it with Arceus his Liniament upon that Paracelsus plaister if the wound be long ways stay the bloud and stich it and apply the foresaid Lineament of Arceus with plaister of Paracelsus If the membranes of the brain be hurt with the brain which seldom falls out without the skul be broken the first Membran being wounded cal'd Piamater the bloud flows with much pain the next to that call'd Dura mater cleavs close to the brain which is under it that they always suffer together There follows foaming at the mouth darkness of sight loss of Reason and Palsey and flux of bloud To stay bleeding use the powders before mentioned and to swage pain use Oil of Roses warm till matter be procured after use equal parts of honey of Roses and Spirit of wine or oyl of Roses till it be digested then to procure new flesh use Syrrup of dryed Roses if there happen an Inflamation joyned with the swelling then open a vein use slender dyet and bathe the part with the decoction of Marsh mallows Linseed Fenugreek Violet leaves and such like after apply oyl of Roses Myrtles or Quinces if the tumor increase open the passage wider in the skul if it come to be fully ripe then open it warily that you touch not the brain after apply honey of Roses and Syrrup of dry Roses if this swelling come from a bruise then use oyl of Roses Honey of Roses or oyl of eggs with Aqua vitae and powder of Orrice root Gentian round Birthwort and the like if congealed bloud be the cause use this Aqua vitae two ounces and a half Saffron in powder one scruple Honey of Roses two ounces and a half Sarcocol three drams mix them over a gentle fire and so use it till blackness be gone if from improper medicines applyed cure it as in a Bruise if from Putrefaction or rottenness which is known by the ill scent of the matter use this medicine Take an ounce and half of Aqua vitae Syrrup of Wormwood and honey of Roses of each two drams oyntment of Aegyptiacum one dram and half Sarcocol myrrhe and Alloes of each one dram White wine one ounce and half boyl all together gently strain them and keep them for your use or take Plantane water one ounce and a half Egyptian oyntment one dram and a half Mercury precipitated one scruple mix them and apply it warm If you shall imagine that the skul of any Patient is broken not touching the membrane of the brain which you shall gather either by sense or reason the first is found out either by the finger of Probe by both which you will feel it rugged only have a care that the Sutures in the head do not deceive you The rational signs are taken diversly as if he fell from on high the person strong or the weapon great that caused the wound its probable the skul is broken if they bleed at nose ears or mouth if they swoon or vomit if he often touch the wound if he raves or falter in his speech be dull weak of judgment and understanding all these are signs of a broken skul If a Feaver happen to the Patient before the thirteenth day in Winter and seventh in Summer it will go ill with him If the skul be blackish most commonly deadly but if the flesh be red the membran called dura mater be of its right colour and he move well his neck and jaws there is hope of his Recovery If the Patient be old if the fracture be upon the fore part of the head called Sinciput or the Temples or Sutures then the case is doubtful Then the first thing you are to do having prepared your Patients body by blood-letting Suppositers glysters and gentle Purges as you shal see cause and your judgment shall direct you is to shave the head an Incision being made after the maner of a cross or letter X take up all to the skul either with a Chisel or your fingers but make not your Incision on the Temporal muscles that done keep it open with pledgets armed with the astringent powders then roll it up the next day if a flux of blood be not feared or upon the skul about the fourth day after wounding if ill symptoms hinder not then upon the
two ounces Barley and Bean-flower of each one ounce Wormwood and Bettony of each half an ounce two drams of Commin-seeds powdered Boyl them all in a pinte of Red-wine to the thickness of a Pultis according to art then add oyl of Roses and Oyl of Camomile of each one ounce and two ounces of honey being mixt it is to be applyed morning and evening or Paracelsus plaister hath been applyed with good success but from the eleventh to the twentieth day apply this following plaister Take twelve ounces of fresh Porks greese of sweet oyl and red lead of each twenty ounces Calcit is burnt but not till it be red burnt Allum of each two ounces four ounces of Deer-suet Mastich and Olibanum finely powdered of each two ounces of these make a plaister according to art before you use it you must moisten it with oyl of Lillies then make use of Paracelsus his stiptik-plaister moistened in Oyl of Camomile to the end of the cure If there be a wound with the fracture in children dress it with a feather dipt in Arceus his Linement not taking away any part of the skul unles there be either a feaver Convulsion a vomiting or a Palsey then open as before and dress it according to art In older persons if in Summer make a Pultis called a Cataplasm of Barley-meal vinegar water apply it If it be in winter make it with wine adding thereto powder of Roses Mastich Myrtle-berries and oyl of Roses administring to the Patient this purge Take of the Electuary called Cariocostinum and of the Electuary of the juice of Roses of each one dram Syrrup of Chichory with Rhubarb one ounce with three ounces of the distilled water of Endive make thereof a Potion letting him bloud before and as often afterwards as you shall see it necessary and having given him a glyster or glysters or Suppositories as you thought good drop some Oyl of sweet Almonds into his ears and nose about the fourth day make him some Gargarisms made of the flowers of Rosemary and Roses Violets Cinamon and the like boyled in Barley-water to which you must add honey of Roses or honey and White-wine-vinegar and water boyled together called Oxymel simplex the seventh day use the same plaister you applyed to children from the eleventh to the twentieth day moistned with oyl of Roses but if you see any appearance of dangerous symptoms after the seventh day open the skul and cure it according to art For wounds of the brain and the other Membrans prevent what possible you can the entrance of the air for the first seven days use oyl of Roses and Turpentine Honey of Roses of each one ounce Aqua-vitae two ounces but honey of Roses and Spirit of wine are to be compared to none upon all which apply Paracelsus plaister When there is a moving of the brain from its natural place by reason of violent external causes such as blows falls from a high place and the Patient be astonished vomit and at length fall a Raving sometimes it is more gentle wherein no vessels are broken sometimes more violent wherein the vessels are broken and the brains shaken then follows speechlesness bleeding at the nose and ears vomiting the matter putrifying a feaver follows First begin the Cure in letting the Patient blood in the arm or the veinunder the tongue give him often cooling glysters such as before were mentioned if occasion be gently purge him then shave the head and anoynt it twice a day with oyl of Roses after apply this Pultis warm Take of Barley-meal three ounces powder of Bettony and Roses of each half an ounce Boyl them with the decoction of Bettony and a little Rose-water to the form of a Pultis adding towards the end half an ounce of oyl of Roses yolks of two eggs mix them and so apply it if there be a wound use this following Oyntment Take new wax and Collollony of each one ounce Gum-Elemie Venus Turpentine of each half an ounce Oyl of Earth-worms Sweet Almonds and the yolks of eggs and of Roses of each two drams Saffron one dram mix it and therewith make an Oyntment if with two ounces of this you shall mix the yolk of one egg it will afford more ease to the Patient If there shall happen to grow a Tumor called a Mushroom from its likeness to the thing so called which is sometimes hard without bloud almost sensless sometimes it will be soft and tender and it will smell noisome being narrow beneath and broad above sometimes increased to the bigness of a Hens egg caused from a thick melancholy blood springing from the broken vessels as before and will partake of the nature of the part to which it grows which will prove dangerous if it happens from the flowing of vicious humours from the brain In the beginning of the cure use such glysters as this every day afterwards every third day take the roots and leaves of Marsh-mallows Mallows the herb Mercury flowers of Camomile Myrtle-flowers and leaves of Bettony of each half a handfull Linseed and Fenugreek Anniseeds of each half an ounce Boyl them in Spring or running-water till the third part be boyled away Strain it to one pinte of the straining add Benedict laxativum and Hiera picra compound of each three drams the yolk of one egg oyl of Camomile two ounces common salt one dram mix them and make a glyster use the following fomentation twice a day Take of the leaves and flowers of Bettony Sage Camomile Mellilot Roses tops of Sweet Margerum and Rosemary of each one handfull Anniseeds and Fenugreek of each one ounce cut them and bruise them then take as many of them as will fill a Bag which may cover almost half the head let it be quilted then boyl it in equal parts of Red wine and water and apply it hot Then cleanse the head with hot Linnen which done be sprinkle the Mushroom or fungus and the wound with this following powder Take of the root of Avens Angelica sweet-smelling or Aromatical Reed of each half a dram of the root of round Birthwort Orrice and Lignum-vitae of each two drams flowers of Sage tops of Sweet margerum and Rosemary of each one pugil i. e. as much as you can take up betwixt your thumb and the two fore-fingers make all of them into a powder and use it as is before directed upon which apply the Basilick plaister the Receipt is as follows Take four ounces of the Bettony-plaister Gum-elemy dissolved in one ounce of Oyl of Roses Powder of Red Roses and Myrtles of each one dram Mastick Sweet-smelling or Aromatical Reed Angelica Avens or Herb-Bennet of each half a dram as much wax as will serve to make it into a plaister But if it be grown to such a bigness as a Hens egg bind it with silk 〈◊〉 â—he root very fast and when it is fallen off use the former powders for a Swelling coming from wind use the same method Wounds of the
any happens to come under your hands is this Let the Mate Assistant or some other body hold the tongue very firmly in his hand with a soft Linnen cloath lest it should slip from between his fingers whilst the other stitch it together which when he hath done let him cut off the thread as near the knot as he can lest it be tangled by the teeth as he eats or otherwise and so put the Patient to pain by pulling and tearing the stitches wherewith the part was sewed The parts of the neck which happen to be wounded are the Wind-pipe and Gullet veins of the throat called the jugular veins sleepy arteries called also the soporal arteries and the recurrent Nerves A transverse or overthwart wound of the Trachea Arteria called the Wind-pipe is dangerous by reason of a feaver Gangreen or often following thereon If the wound be between the rings it is cureable if holding a Candle before it whilst the Patient speaks it be either blown out or moved then it is wounded quite through if not stitch it up as neatly as you can dressing it with Arceus's Linement and Oyl of St. Johns wort compound and let not the Patient swallow any hard solid thing but liquid broaths Gellies and such like when you shall have occasion to use Gargarismes then this and the following may be used with profit to the Patient Take a handful of French barley a pugil of Rosemary flowers Raisins of the Sun stoned Jujubes of each half an ounce one ounce of Liquorice let them be boyled all together adding thereto when you have strained them honey of Roses and Julep of Roses of each two ounces The other is this take three spoonfuls of French barley one pugil of the flowers of red Roses Sumach Pomgranate-flowers of each two drams Raisins of the Sun stoned and Jujubes of each half an ounce one ounce of Liquorice boyl these together according to art in three pintes of running water to the consumption of half strain them to which add honey of Roses and syrrup of myrtles of each two ounces for a Gargarism either of these moisten the mouth and throat will mitigate the harshness of the part asswage pain cleanse and agglutinate and cause a more free and easie breathing If the veins of the throat or Jugular veins sleepy or soporal arteries be deeply wounded 't is mortal if not first stanch the bloud which is done by several means as with Pledgets dipt in a medicine made of the white of an egg vinegar and water being well mixt together and applyed or by astringent powders whereof you have had choice often before which you may apply thus Touch the vessels with your finger then wipe away the bloud with lint or a sponge dipt in red wine then put some powder with your fingers to the vessel after that apply the same medicine upon Pledgets to the place where your fingers were and keeping them close down fill the wound with pledgets armed with the same and last of all a four-doubled cloath wet in Red wine or some astringent liquor as of the decoction of the roots of Lungwort Ciniquefoil the leaves of Knot-grass Burnet Hors-tail Plantane and the like either boyled in water or red wine and water or red wine alone In other places where you may use rowling you must rowl below the wound upward and when you come to the wound rowl three or four times about but if you cannot make use of rolling the part then if you can come at the mouth of the vessel with your finger or thumb press it so long till the bloud shall be so thick as a clot about it and so stop its passage or use this powder following Take two drams of Frankincense Aloes Dragons bloud Cobwebs Mastich Sarcocol Vmber of each one dram and make them into a fine powder if this prevail not notnigh a noble part some add sublimate and auripigmentum of each half a dram to two drams of these powders If you fear an Aneurisma known by the beating of the Arterie apply this following Take of the leaves of Nightshade Henbane Mandrakes bruised of each one handfull as much Barley-flower as will serve to make it a Poultis without boyling if it be deep To incarn use this Take of oyl of St. Johns wort four ounces three ounces of Gum-elemy half a pound of Venus Turpentine melt them all together and strain them when they begin to be cold add to it Boll Armanack and Dragons bloud of each one ounce Orrice-roots Aloes Myrrhe Mastich of each one dram with two ounces of Aqua vitae mix them and apply them warm and over them a Diapalma-Plaister moistned with Oyl of Roses to hinder Inflammation so dressing till the end of the cure as in other wounds If the Gullet be wounded and wholly divided or over-thwart it is then incureable if not it is to be stitched leaving a passage in the lowermost part and cure as in the Cure of the Wind-pipe aforesaid using the Gargarisms as aforesaid outwardly use this Take half an ounce of the Syrrup of dryed Roses one dram of Bolarmanack Gum Mastich and Dragons bloud of each one scruple half the yolk of an egg with as much Cyprus Turpentine as is sufficient incorporate them if wounds do not pierce to the Wind-pipe veins of the throat soporal Arteries and be not very deep they are to be cured after the manner of ordinary wounds If the recurrent Nerves be wounded without hurt of any other notable vessel it is easily cured dressing it with a sufficient quantity of Venus Turpentine with Boll Armanack or the Balsome mentioned in the cure of wounds of the veins and arteries In wounds of the nerves to hinder pain and Inflamation Bleeding and purging are to be used or suppositories and glysters outwardly Embrocate with oyl of earth-worms Dill and Roses to the wound it self apply with Lint Wax Colophony of each one ounce Gum-Elemy and Venus Turpentine of each half an ounce Oyl of Earthworms Oyl of sweet Almonds and the oyl of the yolks of eggs oyl of Roses of each two drams with one dram of Saffron make therewith an oyntment according to art If you take the yolk of one egg and put two ounces of this unguent it will be the more anodyne i. e. ease pain the better and if to the aforesaid oyntment you shall add of each a dram of myrrhe and Sarcocol it will be a good sarcotick medicine i. e. procure good flesh to grow in the wound If you have occasion to use tents take heed they touch not the Nerve if you see it necessary and convenient lay this Poultis or Cataplasm upon the part Take half an ounce of Marsh-mallow roots Camomile-flowers Melilot and Bettony of each one ounce of the powder of Linseed and Fenugreek of each one ounce and a half Bean-flower one ounce boyl them in Lixivium i. e. Washing-lee or water and salt then put to them Oyl of Earthworms and Roses of each one ounce two
Seamen or others is chiefly or almost the very same used to those troubled with Hypochondriack melancholy so that you are first to begin the Cure with general evacuations as Bloud-letting Purging and sutable to the nature of the disease strength and constitution of the Patient for Bloud-letting you must do it in the Liver-vein little and often that you cool not the body too much at once the next thing to be looked after is good dyet which because often wanting at Sea in long Voyages they are to carry with them some such comfortable things as may be useful as Wine Sugar c. Then you are to administer Glisters or Suppositories such as formerly has been spoken of in the Cure of Wounds and afterwards such a Bolus or Morsel as this following Take of Diacatholicon and lenitive Electuary of each half an ounce Cream of Tartar half a dram with three or four drops of Spirit of Viteral make a Bolus to be taken in the morning fasting you may if you see the Patient weak open the Hemrod-veins with Leeches you may repeat Bloud-letting in the Arm if you see occasion the gentle purges are the best often given such as common Pills of Ruffus called Pillulae Ruffi communes Pillulae Macri Mercurii dulcis one scruple two scruples or a dram are enough for a dose Barley-water is good the juice or syrrup of Lemmons to which you may if you will add some few drops of Cinnamon-water or Oyl of Viteral and Sugar then you may make use of specifical medicines which are such as have a peculiar faculty against the Scurvy such as Dutch or Sea-scurvy-grass Brook-lime and Water-Cresses Worm-wood Fumitory Turnips Lemmons juice or syrrup of Oranges Limes Tamarinds those which have not so great force against the Scurvy are these that follow viz. Agrimony Maiden-hair Betony Borrage Bugloss Ceterach Elecampane Germander Hysop Polypody of the Oak the Bark of Ash Capers and Tamarisk the flowers of Alder dodder of Time and Tamarisks but alwayes observe that if the Patient be feaverish or inclining to a Feaver you must be sparing of the hotter things and give them in a smaller quantity adding to them Endive Succory Sorrel c. with some few drops of Spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol Of all which you may make several sorts of medicines as Decoctions Apozems Syrrups c. Or else this following Take the juice of Scurvey-grass and Brook-lime of each three pound two pound of powdered Sugar boyl them together till they come to the consistence of a Syrrup Or thus Take two pound of the juice of Scurvy-grass one pound and three quarters of the juice of Lemons and three-quarters of a pint of the spirit of Wine or Brandy to which adding a sufficient quantity of Sugar is made a syrup of which you may take three or four spoonfulls fasting two hours after To your juice of Lemmons alone you may add a spoonful of Aquavitae As much spirit of Vitriol as will sharpen a cup of Beer water or wine is very good also Diatrium piperium taken from a scruple to half a dram in some convenient liquor as Wine Beer or Ale first and last is good Theriaca Diatessaron from half a dram to two and Theriaca Londinensis two drams taken in the morning are good so are conserve of Roses Conserve of Wormwood with a few drops of the spirit of Viteral Likewise green Ginger Rosa-Solis and Wormwood water also it will not be amiss to sweat after purging which you may do by giving him a dram of Venice Treacle or Mithridate or half a dram of Antimonium diafreticum more or less as you find the constitution of your Patient There is commonly accompanying the Scurvy swellings and putrefaction of the gums for which you may take Bistert and Tormentil-roots boyled in a sufficient quantity of water to the consumption of half to which add some drops of Vitriol to make it sharp or else take this following of Roman or white Viteral two ounces one pint of water and two spoonfuls of Honey being boyled to the consumption of the third part add to it half an ounce of Salâ—prunella for your use To conclude when you come to any place on shore you may make use of these following Receipts Take a pint of the decoction of Barley four ounces of white-wine Horse-raddish root but thin and bruised two ounces three handfuls of Scurvy-grass leaves strain them through a Cloth mingle them and take a spoonful of this morning and evening Or else take of Wormwood and Juniper-Berries bruised of each one handful Goats-milk if to be had or in want of it Cows-milk or Sheeps-milk two quarts Boyl them till the third part be consumed strain them and to the straining put one dram of Saffron in powder let them boyle a walm or two then strain it again give of this morning noon and evening Or Take three pints of white-wine a quart of small Ale four ounces of the juice of Scabies Brook-lime and water-Cresses of each two ounces half a handfull of Rosa solis boyl them to the Consumption of one pint to which add half a pint of the juice of Scurvy-grass let them boyl a little in a pint of this steep three spoonfuls of Horse-dung let them stand all night strain them in the morning and let the Patient take half a pint thereof being sweetned with Sugar-Candy For a Beer to drink constantly of Take a pound of Scurvy-grass a little dryed Brooklime and water-Cresses of each four handfuls a handful of Sage an ounce of Saxifrage six ounces of Sarsaparilla six drams of Nutmegs Let the Herbs Roots and Spice be bruised a part then mix them hang them in a bag in four gallons of beer after it hath stood nine days the Patient may drink thereof Half a pint of this following-drink every morning for fourteen dayes hath been often tryed and approved and hath cured divers Take Scurvy-grass stamp it and strain it with posset-drink made of thin skim-milk turned with just as much white-wine Vinegar as will serve to turn it during all the time of your cure you must forbear salt meat strong-drink fruits and old Cheese drinking whey at your Meals if you can get it if not instead thereof small Ale and you must chew Brook-lime for three mornings together if your teeth be loose In Voyages at Sea there happen to Sea-men the disease Called the Callenture It is a kind of contagious Fever sometimes with fits sometimes without the Patients being often possessed with a Frenzy for they oft think the Sea to be a Meddow and so make an offer to go into it on some the fits are very violent which are hot and cold in some This Disease happens through great obstructions caused by ill dyet and intemperature of the Climate which aire being somewhat Contagious causeth an ill habit of the Body For the Cure of this Distemper you are first to begin with Cordials which strengthen and defend the faculties from the venemous quality of the
Disease and so may either be said to Preserve or Cure therefore you are to adminster them before evacuating Medicines for a Cordial take this for an example made of one scruple of Mithridate half a dram of London-Treacle or that called Diatessaron one ounce of Syrup of Lemons three ounces Of Plantane or Rose-water and six drops of Spirit of Viâ—riol for one dose about three hours after give an other dose Or this following Take of Confectio Alchermes burnt Harts-horn of each two scruples syrup of Lemons one ounce as much spirit of Vitriol as will give it a sharp taste after this first administer a Suppositer or Glister of which you have several examples before then after they have done working let him blood plentifully if he be of a strong and gross body as you see occasion his dyet is to be but thin broth water-grewel ponadoes or such like two or three dayes together for purges give him about a scruple of Mercurius dulcis or else this Take six drams or an ounce of Lenitive Electuary two scruples of the Cream of Tarter and one scruple of Confectio Alchermes with Sugar make it into a boll for a dose if it should be convenient to give them a Vomit then give him six drams one ounce or ten drams more or less as you see occasion of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum if sweating be to be procured give him from a scruple to half a dram of Antimonium Di afreticum in a little London or Venice Treacle or Mithridate if he want rest give him from two grains to four of Laudanum Opiatum or else Syrup of wild Poppy six drams of Frogs-spawn and poppy-poppy-water of each one ounce and a half with three drams of Treacle make a potion and give the Patient at night to cause him to rest let his ordinary drink be either a decoction of Barley with Liquorish or else this following Take three quarts of fountain-fountain-water put an ounce of Harts-horn burnt and prepared into it let it boyl to the consumption of the third part then take it from the fire and put to it four ounces of rose-Rose-water two ounces of syrup of Lemons as much Sugar as will serve to sweeten it and as much spâ—rit of Vitriol as will make it sharp this is an excellent drink in all feavors and for all sorts of persons Remember too much purging bleeding and thin dyet is dangerous in all diseases at Sea and will bring your Patient into the Scurvy which is usually the end of most diseases at Sea and then if your Patient be too much weakned the Scurvy discharging it self by a flux is often mortal If you shall have occasion to be concerned with Armies by Land or in Garrisons there will sometimes a continual malign and contagious Fever called the Camp-Disease seize upon the Souldiers which will be seconded by a great pain in the head and his stomach will be clogged with many foul humours sometimes there will follow swooning and often faintings the Patient grows very weak without manifest cause his pulse will be sometimes weak but quick and sometimes strong there will appear oftentimes many large spots of several colours he complains of a pain in his stomach and joints little or no appetite oft-times troubled with vomiting and sometimes difficulty of breathing and singing in the ears all which proceeds from putrefaction or corruption of the humours in the veins or from contagion the corruption or putrefaction of the humours comes from ill dyet ill vapours arising from the earth corrupted naughty air dirty foul apparrel and such like for the cure if there be an inclination to vomit which you may perceive by pain and fulness of the stomach then provoke it with this made of six drams of the infusion of the glass of Antimony two ounces of Barly-water Oxymel of squils and syrup of the 5 opening-Roots of each six drams mix it and give the Patient The manner of infusing your Antimony is this Take two drams of the glass of Antimony put it into a pint of white-wine Cloves and Ginger of each one dram infuse all these together when you have occasion administer it from two drams to an ounce after that you have used all the wine you may put more to the ingredients adding to them the same quantity of fresh ingredients as before after you may bleed if the Patient be not very weak or if you see your Patient of a strong constitution you may begin with blood-letting not forgetting glysters or suppositories with cordials made of the Carduus benedictus Scabious Sorrel Angelica-waters with Venice or London Treacle and burnt Harts-horn Mithridate Dioscordium confection of Alchermes bezoar root of contrayervae as for example Take of the wild Poppies and Sorrel-water of each one ounce and a half London Treacle and burnt Harts-horn of each two scruples one scruple of Mithridate one dram of Dioscordium and three drams of treacle-Treacle-water with some syrup of Lemons and as many drops of the spirit of Vitriol as will give it a sharp taste make a potion and give it at one dose or take two scruples of Dioscordium and one scruple of burnt Harts-horn mix them and dissolve them in Mace-ale a little Sack or in Beer and Ale wherein Harts-horn and Marigold flowers have been boyled to cause him to sleep Take syrup of Dioscordium and syrup of wild-poppies of each half an ounce of Angelica and wild-poppy-water of each one ounce and an half and a dram of Diascordium mix them and give it going to sleep Take notice that Cordials are to be given often For purges they must be somewhat strong as one dram of Pulvis astrictionis one ounce of syrup of Roses solutive Diaphrenicon Electuarii three drams dissolve all in three ounces of Endive-water For bleeding in this Disease if the veins be full and stretching out and be burthensom to nature let it then be plentiful for the blood is corrupted in all putrid Feavers it is very safe to let blood which may be done til the fourth day and if your occasion require till the seventh day though spots appear As for vomiting that removes nauseousness pain bitterness and sadness by freeing the stomach from the abundance of naughty humors Vesicatories or blisters may be good applyed to the wrists any time but on a Critical day The form of a blister-plaister may be this Take half an ounce of Cantharides call'd Spanish-flies two drams of Turpentine Olibanum Myrrhe Mastick and Camphire of each half a dram oyl of Roses and Bees-wax as much as will be sufficient to make it to the consistence of a Plaister The Patient is to keep a spare dyet not to eat any flesh but brothes wherein is boyled the shavings of Harts-horn the opening roots with Sorrel and Borrage and Panadoes water-grewel c. And posset-drink with Harts-horn boyld in it dropping a little spirit of Vitriol into it and burnt Harts-horn boild in the Calenture is good to which you may add the syrup
dissolve one ounce of white sugar and the yolks of two eggs for a glyster After the body is sufficiently emptied then give binding Glysters such as you shall find next in the cure of the Bloudy-flux at the mouth likewise you shall there be directed If the Patient have not a feaver boyl new milk if you can get it and scum off the foam then quench red hot steel in it often drink it warm it is a present remedy Unripe Blackberries and Mulberries dryed and powdered is good to stay this Flux likewise this Opiat is excellent Take of the juice of Quinces Conserve of Roses of each one ounce Dragons bloud sealed-earth and fine Bolearmonack of each one dram Bloud-stone and the Troches of Amber of each half a dram with syrrup of comphry make an Opiat take a little often Or take one ounce of the powder of Rheubarb two drams of the Troches of Sanders mix them and give the Patient two drams thereof twice a day this purgeth away the ill humours and strengtheneth the bowels Or this Take half an ounce of the old Conserve of Roses one dram of Marmalet of Quinces a scruple of Tormentil-root in fine powder half a scruple of fine Bolearmonack with sugar make a bole for one dose which is to be given often if the Flux continue long and strength much decay give Laudanum a grain or two amongst your other medicines you may for ordinary drink use one made of three pintes of water wherein two drams of Mastich hath been boyled Plantane boyled in broth is good and for fear it turn to a Bloudy-flux give an Emulsion of Barley-water and the four cold seeds The last of the Fluxes of the belly is called Dysenteria or the Bloudy-flux which is known by the Patients voiding of bloud with tormenting pains from the ulceration of the guts by sharp and salt phlegmatick and cholerick humours which is cured by removing those sharp humours asswaging pain cleansing and consolidating the ulcer and stopping the Flux To evacuate the humours you must purge with Rubarb every second third or fourth day according to the strength of your Patient season of the year and the like the Dose from half a dram to two drams being dryed as before or made into a Potion thus Take Liquorice scraped and sliced Raisins of the Sun of each three drams Tamarinds and yellow myrobolans of each two drams boyl them in Barley and plantane-Plantane-water to three ounces in the straining infuse a dram of Rubarb thin-sliced then add an ounce of the syrrup of Roses solutive and make a potion This following is excellent in desperate fluxes Take two ounces of the bark of Guiacum bruised and beaten boyl it in a sufficient quantity of water til half be wasted then add red Rose leaves Pomgranate-flowers and Plantane-seed of each two drams let them boyl an hour then to the straining add a dram of Rubarb in powder and three drams of Catholicon for a Potion Mechoacan with Cinnamon is good If with the Dysentery there be a seaver and inflamation of the bowels let the Patient bloud according to strength sometimes vomiting is profitable to intercept those sharp salt humours that fall from the stomach to the Guts omit it not if you see a loathing and perceive the stomach stuft full of humours your vomiting may be this Take from half a dram to a dram of salt of Vitriol syrrup of Quinces and bettony-Bettony-water of each one ounce with ten drams of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water give it for one Dose In the mean time you must give mild and cleansing Glysters first as this made of the roots of Marsh-mallows and Butter-burr of each one handful one pugil of Camomile-flowers Fleabane-seed and Flux-seed of each two drams Boyl them in Barley-water or milk or water wherein steel or Iron hath often been quenched or mutton or sheeps-head-broath to a pinte strain it and dissolve therein the yolks of four eggs well beaten oyl of Roses and syrrup of Quinces of each one ounce and make a glyster At Sea instead of milk use the decoction of Bran boyling in it such of these following herbs as have virtue to cleanse the ulcer such as Centory Wormwood St. Johns wort to the straining of which add Turpentine dissolved in the yolk of an Egg and the chymical oyl of wax of each one dram for excoriations or fretting of the guts a glyster of the decoction of bran with Deer-suet the yolk of an egg if to be had is good you may add some Anniseed Fennel-seeds Comin-seeds and Dill-seeds when there is need of more binding then make a Glyster thus Take of the Roots of Comfrey Tormentil and Bistort of each one ounce Plantane Shepherd-Purse Knot-grass and Mouse-ear of each one handful Pumpranet-flowers Acorn-cups Cyprus-nuts of each one dram parched Rice French Barley and red Roses of each one pugil boyl them in Smiths water or water wherein Iron hath often been quenched To a pinte of the straining add of the juice of Plantane and Yarrow of each one ounce and the yolks of two roasted eggs Or instead of the juices you may use the muscilage of Gum Draganth made with Rose or Plantane-water and Goats or Deer-suet of each one dram All this while you must not forget internal remedies to stay the flux nutmegs are excellent if desperate dryed and burnt to powder Rice pottage or this Take of sealed-Earth Harts-horn prepared with Plantane and Knot-grass-water prepared Corral Crocus Martis of each one dram mix them the Dose is from a scruple to one dram in Knot-grass or Plantane-water one dram of crude Allum given in the said waters doth in a manner charm the flux Or take a pinte of syrrup of Prunes without Sugar a spoonful and half of Tormentil-root in powder boyl them a little together and drink a quarter of a pinte first and last Lastly the Body being well cleansed before make this binding Decoction to compleat the Cure Take the roots of Bistort Comfrey and Tormentil the leaves of Plantane Tarrow Shepherds purse Horse-tail Mouse-ear and Agrimony of each one handful Seeds of Sorrel Grape-stones and Sumach of each one ounce boyl them in four quarts of water till half be consumed then strain it and sweeten it with syrrup of Comfrey Quinces Mirtles dryed Roses and Corral or else make use of this following Opiat Take of Conserve of Quinces and Conserve of old Roses of each one ounce half an ounce of the Conserves of Comfrey-roots prepared Corral Dragons-bloud Bolarmenick sealed-earth Conserve of Slowes Acatia of each one dram Spodium burnt Ivory of each one scruple with as much of any of the Syrrups aforesaid as will make it to an Opiat Give thereof the quantity of a Chesnut morning noon and night Narcoticks do wonders especially if they be mixed with Strengtheners and Binders as this Take of the old Conserves of Roses and Services of each one dram half a scruple of Confectio Alkermes three granes of Laudanum make thereof a Bolus four ounces of the juice of
it provokes the desire to Venery Venery It killeth Worms Worms Agues in the Belly it is used with oyle to anoint the Body before the cold fits of Agues to warm it and expell it as also against weakness of the Sinews and the Hip-gout it helps discolouring of the skin using it with honey and water Cubebs CVbebs are small berries somewhat sweet about the bigness of Pepper-Corns but not so black nor solid but more rugged or crested being either hellow or with a kernel within it of a hot tast but not so fiery as Pepper and having each a short stalk on them like a tail these grow on trees less than Apple-trees with leaves narrower than those of Pepper the flower is sweet and the fruit groweth clustring together The Arabians call them Quabebe and Quabebe Chini they grow plentifully in Java they are used to stir up Venery Venery stomack and to warm and strengthen the Stomack being overcome with flegm Flegm Spleen or Wind Wind Womb they cleanse the breast of thick tough humors help the Spleen and are very profitable for the cold griess of the Womb being chewed in the mouth with Mastick they draw Rhume from the Head Head Brain and strengthen the brain and memory Memory Red White and Black-Currans Names THe Latine names for Currans is Ribes and Ribes fructu rubro the red Curran albo white and nigro black Descript The red curran bush hath a stalk covered with a thin brownish bark outwards and greenish underneath the leaves are of a blackish green cut in the edges into five parts much like a Vine-leaf but smaller the flowers come forth at the joints of the leaves many together on a long stalk hanging down about a fingers length of an herby colour after which come round berries green at the first but red when they are ripe of a pleasant tart tast wherin is small seed the root is woody and spreading There is another sort hereof whose berries are twice as big as the former and of a better relish The white Curran-tree hath a taller and more straight stem than the red a whiter bark smaller leaves but hath such like berries upon long stalks of the same bigness as the first but of a shining transparent whiteness of a more pleasant tast then the former The black Curran riseth higher than the last and is more set with branches round about and more pliant the younger covered with a paler and the elder with a browner bark the leaves are smaller then those of the former and often with fewer cuts therein the flowers are alike but of a greenish purple colour which produce small black berries the leaves and fruit have an unpleasant smell but yet are wholsome though not pleasant Place All these sorts of Currans grow plentifully in England in Gardens where they are planted they have been found growing naturally wild in Savoy and Switzerland as Gesner saith and some in Austria saith Clusius they grow in great abundance in Candia and other places in the Streights from whence in great quantities they are brought dried unto us Time They flower and bear fruit in June July and August Government and Vertues Currans are under the influence of the benevolent planet Venus they are of a moist temperate refeshing nature the red and white Currans are good to cool and refresh faintings of the Stomack Stomack thirst to quench Thirst and stir up an appetite Appetite agues and therefore are profitable in hot and sharp Agues it tempereth the heat of the Liver Liver Bloud and Blood and the sharpness of Choler Choler Stomack and resisteth putrefaction it also taketh away the loathing of meat and weakness of the Stomack by much Vomiting and is good for those that have any Looseness looseness of the belly Gesner saith that the Switzers use them for the Cough and so well they may For Take dry Currans a quarter of a pound Brandy Wine half a pint set the Brandy on fire and bruise the Currans and put them into the Brandy as it is burning stirring them untill the Brandy is almost consumed that it becomes like unto an Electuary it is an excellent remedy to be taken hot for any violent Cough cold or Rhume the black Currans and the leaves are used in sawces by those who like the tast and scent of them which I believe very few do of either Caranha CAranha or Carogna is a gumme which is brought from the West-Indies but of the tree that it issues from we have no Description it is a soft kind of Gum wrapped up in leaves to keep one peece from sticking unto another for it is very cleaving and of a dark or muddy greenish colour it is an especial and speedy help for all cold Aches Aches and pains Pains in the Joints and Nerves and swellings therein the defluxions of cold humors on them or on the Eyes or on any other part to be laid on the temples or behind the Eares and it is also used for the Tooth-ach to be laid on the temples like Mastick Ceterach Names IT is called in Latine Asplenum and Splenium and in English Spleenwort and Milt-wast and Scalefern Descript Spleenwort or Ceterach springeth up from a small black threddy bushy root with many long single leaves cut on both sides into round dents even almost to the middle-rib which is not so hard as that of Polypody each division being not alwaies set opposite unto the other but between each smooth and of a light green on the upper part and with a dark yellowish roughness underneath folding or rouling it self inward at the first springing up Place Ceterach groweth in moist shadowy places and very frequently upon old stone-walls of Churches decayed Castles and the ruinous Walls of antient Religious houses It groweth on Beconsfield Church in Buckinghamshire and upon Wooburn Church in the same County and Horn-church in Essex and many other places Time Ceterach is to be found green all the year Government and Vertues Mars rules this plant It is generally used against all the infirmities of the Spleen spleen it also helps the Strangury strangury pissing by drops and wasteth the Stone Stone Jaundies in the Bladder and is good against the yellow Jaundies and the Hicket Hicket a dram of the dust that is on the back of the leaves being mixed with half a dram of Amber in powder and taken with the juice of purslain or plantain is a speedy remedy for the running of the Reins Reines as Mathiolus saith and that the herb and root being boiled and taken helpeth all Melancholy diseases and especially those which rise from the French-Pox French Pox The distilled water thereof being drunk is profitable against the Stone Stone in the Reines and Bladder a lye made of the Ashes thereof or the decoction drunk for some time together helpeth such as are troubled with the Spleen Spleen and it
Austria and in some dark Woods in Italy some curious Herbarists plant it in their Gardens Time The seed hereof is ripe in September Government and Vertues Double-tongue or tongue blade is good to asswage pain as Galen saith the Laurel of Alexandria is hot and dry of temperature Double-tongue is an herb of Venus the leaves-and roots thereof are much commended against Swellings Swellings of the Throat Throat Vvula the Vvula and kernels under the tongue and against Ulcers and Sores of the same being taken in a Gargarism Marcellus saith that in Italy they use to hang this herb about childrens necks that are sick in the Vvula Vrine Terms and Dioscorides writeth that if it be worn upon the bare Head it is good for the Head-ach Headach Mother this herb is good for diseases of the Mother and a spoonful of the leaves of Double-tongue given causeth the strangled Matrix to descend down to its natural place The root of Laurel of Alexandria boyled in Wine and drunken helpeth the Strangury Strangury provoketh Urine Vrine and Womens natural sickness procures Easie-delivery Easy-delivery expelleth the Secondine and all corruption of the Matrix Garden Dragons Dragon-wort and Water Dragons Kinds and Names THere be three kinds the first is called the great Dragon Dracunculus Major of some Serpentaria and Colubrina in shops Serpentaria Major The second kind is called Dracunculus Minor in Latine the lesser Dragon and of some Aron maculatum in English small Dragon-wort and speckled Aron The third kind is called in Latine Dracunculus palustris sine aquatilis in English Water-Dragon or Marsh-Dragon in low dutch Water-Draken-wortel Descript The first kind called the great Dragon or Serpentary beareth an upright stalk of a cubit long or more thick round-smooth and speckled with divers colours and spots like to an Adder or Snakes skin the leavs be great and large compact or made of six seaven or more leaves whereof each single leaf is long and like to a sorrel or Dock-leaf and are very smooth and plain at the top of the stalk groweth a long hose or husk like to the hose or Cod of Cuckow-pintle or Wake-robin of a greenish colour without and of a dark red or purple colour within and so is the clapper or pestle that groweth up within the said husk which is long and thick and shart-pointed peeked like to a horn whose fruit by increase waxeth so as it stretcheth and at length breaketh out of a certain skin or Film and appeareth like to a bunch or cluster of Grapes which at the first are green but afterwards become very red these berries or Grapes are full of juice or liquor in which is a certain small hard seed the root of this Dragon is lasting thick and white and groweth like to a Bulbous Onion covered with a thin skin and of the quantity of a middle-siz'd apple and bearded with divers little white hairs or strings and oftentimes there is joyning to it other small roots which spring out of it whereby it is multiplied 2. The smaller Dragon in his leaves husk or Cod pestil or clapper berry and Grape is like unto Aron or Cuckow-pintle saving that his leaves are not marked with black but with white spots neither do they perish so soon as Cuckow-pintle but they grow together with their berries until Winter Their berries also are not fully so red but of a certain yellowish red the root is not much unlike the root of Aron white and round like an Onion and hath certain hairy threds hanging by it with some small roots or buds of new plants 3. Water-Dragon hath not a round Bulbous root like the other Dragons but it is a long creeping root full of joints and of a good thickness out of which joints springeth up the stalks of the leaves which are smooth without and spongy within but downwards towards the ground the said roots send out of their said joints certain small hairy or threddy roots the fruit groweth alone upon a short stem and cometh forth with one of the leaves compassed about with white small thrommes or threds at the first which is the blowing and afterward it groweth forth into a cluster which is green at first and waxeth red when it is ripe smaller then Grapes or cluster of Cuckow-pintle berries but as sharp or biting the leaves be large green fine smooth fashioned like Ivy leaves yet smaller than the leaves of Cuckow-pintle but that leaf wherein the cluster of berries groweth is smallest of all and on the upper part or side next the fruit it is white Place The first or great Dragon-wort groweth in shadowy places in this Country it is planted in Gardens 2. The second kind or lesser Dragon-wort delighteth also in shadowy places it groweth not in England but it is found plentifully in the Islands called Majorca and Minorca 3. The third kind groweth in moist watry places in the brinks of ditches and also in floating waters and also along the running streams and Rivers Time They flower in July and the fruit is ripe in August Government and Virtues All these herbs are under the dominion of Mars and are all especially their roots and fruits hot and dry in the third degree The roots of these plants either boyled or rosted and mingled with honey Short-Breath and taken as a Lohoc is good for them that cannot fetch their breath for those who are troubled with dangerous Coughs Coughs Catharrs and Catharrs that is the distillation and falling down of humors from the Brain to the Breast and against Convulsions Convulsions or Cramps Cramps they divide ripen and consume all grosse and tough humors and scoure off and cleanse the inward parts They have the like power when they are three or four times boyled untill they have lost their Acrimony or sharpness to be afterwards eaten with meats as Galen saith The roots dried and mingled with hony scoureth malignant fretting Ulcers Vlcers Spots that are hard to cure especially if it he mingled with the root of Briony and it taketh away all white Spots and Scurviness from any part of the body that is rubbed therewith the juice of the root putteth away all Webbs Manginess Web and Spots from the Eyes and it is good to be put into Collyries and medicines made for the Eyes the same dropped into the Eares with Oyl taketh away the pain Eyes Pained-Eares and grief of the same The fruit or berries of Dragons cureth virulent and malignant Malignant Ulcers Vlcers Polypus and consumeth and eateth away the superfluous flesh called Polypus which groweth in the nose and it is good to be laid unto Cankers Cankers and such fretting and consuming Ulcers Some write as Pliny amongst the rest of his Romantick fancies that those who carry about them the leaves or roots of great Dragon-worts cannot be bitten or hurt of Vipers or Serpents Dunch-down Names IT is called Dunch-down
manner Take of the middle bark of the Elder of Peony-roots each 6 drams of dried Elder-leaves and buds of Linden tree-flowers of each one handful of the seeds of Rue two drams of the berries of herb Paris Number 20. of Jews-Ears numb 6. This being cut and pounded put asmuch of the Spirit of Elder-flowers thereon as will be a hand broad high above them let them stand eight days in a hot place and in a vessel close stopped distill them in glasse Vessels in Balneo Mariae till they be dry with them mix the distilled Spirits the salt drawn out of its dregs and keep it for the Anti-Epileptick Spirit of the Elder whereof you may give a spoonful to the patient in the time of his fit afterwards using it every quarter of the Moon to dissipate the Epileptick corruption by sweating or insensible transpiration and to strengthen the brain with this same in the time of the fit rub the nostrills Gums and Palate adding thereto a grain or two of Castor The Water of the flowers drawn up into the Nose prevails much against the Epilepsie and Vertigo in the same affects the Eyes and Face are to be washed often with this water in the time of the Fit anoint gently the contracted members with the oyle of the flowers of the first description the oyl of the second sort is much commended to anoint the palms of the Hands and Soles of Feet the Temples and nape of the Neck Of the Apoplexy and Palsie The salt of the Spirit of Elder is much commended as a preservative against these grievous diseases if it be mixed with a third part of the volatile Spirit of Amber and given in the time of the new Moon or full Moon in a convenient liquor in the weight of a scruple or half a dram the salt of the Elder must be first excellently crystaliz'd in the water of Sage Oximel Sambuci is likewise useful in these cold distempers of the Brain whereof give often in Sage water a little before purging for the cutting and preparing that grosse matter The Spirit likewise distilled from the Berries is excellent if once a week or at least each Quarter of the Moon a spoonfull thereof be taken mixt with crums of Wheat-bread and a little Sugar or you may prepare it new in what quantity you please Thus. Take Sage Marjoram Ivy of each two drams Cowslip-flowers Lilly of the Valley-flowers of each one dram and an half of Rocket-seeds two drams which being cut and grossely powdered infuse them in a sufficient quantity of the Spirit of Elder and after eight dayes distil them in Balneo dissolve a little Castoreum in it and strain it of this give the Patient a spoonful in the time of the Fit and with the same rub the Crown of the Head Temples Nape of the Neck and Nostrills But if the Apoplexy end in a Palsey of the sides or other Members as usually it doth or in death 't is necessary to provoke sweat which may be done with two drams of the spirit before mentioned or two drams of the Rob of the berries in Sage water or of the extract of the rob of the Elder five drams and an half of which every morning give to the patient being exactly mixed one dram in two or three ounces of the decoction of the great Burdock and keep him warm to sweat in his bed for half an hour Of Catharrs In this the Wine prepared of the flowers and berries is much commended drink a cupful in the morning after you have taken a litle broth For diseases of the Eares and Hearing For to ease and mitigate pains of the Eares use Fomentations of Elder and Camomile-flowers and anoint the place with the oyl of the infusion of the flowers of Elder To take away the tingling sounding and other noises of the Eares drop in a drop or two of the oyl of the flowers and stop the Eares with Bombace dipped therein and with the decoction of the roots and leaves of the Elder with some Originanum let the Eares be often washed therein and receive the hot sume thereof Of the defects of the Nose and Smelling Water of Elder-flowers often snuffed up into the Nose helpeth the Smelling when it is lost or diminished by any great Cold or sickness and if you wash the Face often with the distilled water of the leaves and flower of the Elder it cleanseth and dryeth up all pimples and pustules of the Face For diseases of the Throat and Mouth The expressed juice of the leaves mixed with Simple or Elder hony doth cleanse and dry very much all the Ulcers of the Gums and Throat they being gargled therewith and outwardly anoint them with the oyl of Elder-flowers by infusion For Hoarseness The new Rob of the Elder-berries which is liquid is with good successe given to Coughing and unquiet Children for older people a Lohoch of the oyl of Elder-Sugar is profitable but where there is much matter and corruption feared this medicament following is profitable Take of fresh Elder-leaves a little dryed in the shadow one handful boyl them in a quart of Fountain water to the Consumption of a third part strain it and sweeten it with Sugar-Candy or clarified hony of which every day morning and evening drink a draught warm To make the Voice clear Take of Elder-flowers dryed in the Sun and pulverized of which drink a little every morning in white Wine fasting if the Cough and Hoarseness proceed from heat in Feavers the syrrup made of the juice of Elder-berries with equal parts of the syrrup of violets is an excellent remedy Or you may make Elder-Sugar in imitation of violet Sugar-Candy Cinnamon or Rose Sugar of which in these pectorall diseases hold some still to be dissolved in your mouth that it may gradatim descend into the Wind-pipe 't is thus made Take of the best Sugar 6 pound let it dissolve and boyle in the fragrant water of the flowers till it come to a fit thickness to be made into tablets then infuse the fresh juice made from the berries well clarified or the frequent infusion of the flowers as you please to have the colour on a soft fire boyl to the consistency of a syrrup then in a glasse or earthen pot put sticks in order two fingers breadth asâ—under and pour the Liquor hot thereon and in a warmed shop the vessel being bound up in a thick Cotton-cloth let it stand to congeal For Swooning and Faintness The Vinegar of Elder-berries imbibed in a Sponge recovers those as it were from death that are subject to Swoonings and Faintings it excellently refresheth the vital Spirits in this also dip Linnen cloaths and apply them to the pulses of the Temples Wrists and near the Ankles Of Agues and Feavers As soon as any one finds a Feaver at first begin to approach let them take of the Rob of the Elder in the Vinegar Spirit or water of the flowers thereof and so in their beds being well covered
with clothes dispose themselves for sweating But this is onely to be done in the beginnings of Feavers and in such bodies as are not full of grosse and corrupt humors otherwise it is more safe to open the passages of the whole body by Emeticks and Catharticks The purified oyl expressed out of the kernels of the berries is commended in strong and lusty bodies one dram or a dram and an half thereof being taken in the broth of flesh for it gently moveth Vomiting and loosneth the Belly The oyl made of the infused flowers and bark of the Elder from one ounce to three provokes Vomit and purgeth the Belly the same alone or in a decoction may be given in a Glister In young ones the syrrup of the juice of the berries of the buds or bark sufficeth There are some which testifie and call experience to witness that if the middle bark of Elder be pulled downward from the tree it purgeth the body downwards but if they be pulled upward it worketh by Vomit In such Feavers which are lengthened from the stopping or fullness of the Meseraick Veins and from the grosseness and toughness of the humor Oxymel Sambucinum dissolved in the distilled water of the flowers or Barly-water and dayly on the intermitting dayes drank an hour or two before supper is commended the Crystallized salt of the Elder taken from half a scruple to a whole one is profitable also six drops of the Spirit of the fame taken in the broth of flesh all these do powerfully open obstructions and cut asunder the grossenesse and roughnesse of the humor they cleanse the Bowells and Vessels and both by Urine and Sweat dissipate the Feaverish matter In the time of the Fit give the patient a spoonful or a dram and a half of the oyle pressed out of the berries-kernells in warm Ale the rob of Elder in greatness of a Walnut being mixed with half a dram of the powder of Carduus benedictus and swallowed and drinking Vinegar above it and afterwards provoking sweat in bed is a very good medicine In continual and hot burning Feavers where the heat is more intense and great drought tormenteth the Patient make this Julap Take of Fountain or River-water three pounds of Elder Vinegar three ounces of the finest Sugar two ounces let them boyl together a little in a fit Vessel unto which being warm add an ounce of Cinnamon in powder let them cool of themselves in a close Vessel and strain them for a Julap of which give the Patient oft in a day it extinguisheth the Feaverish heat cuts the grosse and tough matter cleanseth the thin and Bilous opens obstructions it purgeth the peccant humors and by its acidity sharpneth the appetite and refresheth the strength Of Worms The Crystalline salt of the Elder preserveth and freeth from Worms it robs them of their nourishment kills them and purgeth them out the dose is from half a scruple to half a dram or two scruples for those of riper years you may prepare in the Spring time a dish made of Elder-buds freed from their bitter nauseous tast by the infusion of boyling water with Oyl Salt and Vinegar which is to be used as a sallad before supper That this sallad may be the more pleasant you may add some tender leaves of Sorrel Briefly whatsoever I have here said in relating the properties of the Elder the Dwarff-Elder doth more strongly effect in opening and purging Choler Flegm and Water in helping the Gout the Piles and Womens diseases it coloureth the hair black helpeth inflamations in the Eyes and pains in the Eares the biting or stinging of Venemous creatures or a mad Dog the Burnings or Scaldings by fire or water the Wind Chollick the Chollick and Stone difficulty of Urine the cure of old sores and Fistulous Ulcers the Dropsie and Gout and all the other griefs before specified Eglantine Name IT is also called Sweet-bryar Descript Eglantine or Sweet-bryar is much like the Wild Rose plant having very sharp prickles shutes springes and rough branches the leaves also be not much unlike but larger and of a pleasant smell the flowers be single smaller than the flowers of the Wild Rose most commonly white and sometimes red after which there come also little knaps or long red berries like as in the other Roses wherein the seed is contained Place The Eglantine aswell as the manured Roses is planted in Gardens if it be set against a wall under a Window it will cast a most pleasant smell into the room and so will the branches thereof being set in flower-pots in Windows and Chimneys in the Summer Months Time Eglantine flowers in May and June about the time the Garden-Roses doe Government and Vertues It is under the dominion of Venus the fruit is of an astringent quality It stoppeth the Lask Lask and all other issues of blood Bloody-Issues being eaten There is a rough Spongeous ball or Excrescence that groweth on the Wild Rose bush and also on the Eglantine which is of great efficacy and virtue against the Stone Stone and Strangury strangury It bringeth forth the Gravel and Stone and provoketh Urine Vrine White Ellebore Names IT is also called Hellebore and Neese-wort Veratrum album in Latine and Helleborus albus Descript The White Ellebore hath great broad leaves with ribs or Sinews like the leaves of the great Plantain or Gentian the stalk is round two or three foot high at the uppermost part whereof grow along and round about the top the flowers one above another pale of colour divided into six little leaves the which have a green line overthwart the flowers being passed away there cometh in their places small husks wherin the seed is contained the root is round as thick as a mans finger or thumb white both within and without having many threddy strings appending unto it Place White Ellebore or Hellebore groweth in Anticyra neer about the Mountain Octa and in Cappodocia and Syria but the best groweth in Cyrene in this Country the Herbarists plant it in their Gardens Time White Ellebore flowereth in June and July Government and Virtues The root of White Ellebore is hot and dry in the third degree a plant of Mars The root causeth one to Vomit up mightily and with great force all superfluous slimy Venemous and naughty humors Slimy-humors likewise it is good against the Falling-sickness Falling-sickness Frenzies Frenzy Head-ach Melancholy old pains in the Head Melancholy the Gout Gout Sciatica and Sciatica all sorts of Dropsies Poison and against all cold diseases that he hard to cure and will not yield to any medicine But it ought not to be given to any body to be taken inwardly but from a skilful hand and with good advice and due preparation and correcting Galen adviseth not to give of this root in any medicine to be taken into the body but to be used only in outward applications Therefore Outwardly it is good
it hath lesser leaves stalkes and branches not growing above a hand breadth high and perisheth every year Descript 3. Small smooth Madder with sharp-pointed leaves Rubia Pratensis levis acuto folio This springeth up with one smooth square jointed stalk about a foot and a half high from the joints grow small branches whereat are set usually four long leaves ending in a small point The flowers come forth at the tops consisting of four leaves and are small and yellow at the first and afterwards become of a pale white colour Descript 4. Small smooth Madder with round pointed leaves Rubia quadrifolia rotunda levis This hath many square stalks about half a foot high which send forth other smaller branches at every joint four small round pointed leaves a little rough and not so smooth as the last the flowers are small and white and stand at the tops upon small threddy footstalks each having four leaves the root is small threddy and reddish Descript 5. Small creeping Madder with purplish blew flowers Rubia minor pratensis Coerulea This hath many small square branches which creep upon the ground divided into other small ones full of joints and at every of them five or six round green leaves smooth or very little rough from the joints and tops of the branches come small flowers consisting of five blewish purple round pointed leaves having some small threds in the middle the seed is small and long the root is small and of a reddish yellow colour it continueth green all the Winter Descript 6. Small rock-Madder Rubia minima Saxatilis Tâ—is groweth not above a hand-breadth in height it hath a small square stalk sending small branches from the joints at which grow seaven or eight small pointed leaves and somewhat rough the flowers are very small of a pale red standing in Vmbells at the tops of the branches the root is small and reddish Descript 7 Small rock-Madder with prickly heads Rubia Echinata Saxatilis This hath a small whitish threddy root which sendeth up many square render branches small and slender below and thicker up higher having many thick and hairy joints whereat grow four small leaves between which and the branches come forth small greenish flowers of four leaves a peece standing together upon a footstalk having small threds in the middle after which come small heads somewhat rough which become sharp and prickly when they are ripe divided into four parts on each side of the head the middle part being also prickly the seed is small and yellow It flowreth at the lower joints first and afterwards at the higher Descript 8. Candy Silver-leaved Madder Rubia argentea Cretica This is like the former small Madder but that the leaves are longer and whiter and the flowers yellow Place The fifth groweth plentifully in many places in England and so doth the sixt as upon the Chalky hills neer Drayton over against the Isle of Wight the others are strangers in our land Time They flower in the Summer Months and perfect their seed shortly after Government and Vertues These small Madders are all likewise plants of Mars and are of the same property and temperature as the former greater Madders are but not so powerfull Mayweed Kinds and Names THere is found three sorts of Mayweed 1. Cotula foetida stinking Mayweed 2. Cotula non foetida Mayweed with no scent Stinking Mayweed groweth more upright then that which sâ—nelleth not or the common Camomile neither of them creep or or run on the ground as Comomile doth the leaves are longer and greater then these of Camomile yet very like unto it but of a paler green colour the one sort hath a very strong smell the other no scent at all the flowers are like those of Camomile but larger there hath also been found of this sort in many places of this Land a Mayweed which hath double flowers almost as large as double Camomile-flowers which is called Cotula flore pleno Place The stinking Mayweed groweth abundantly among Corn and will blister the hands of the reapers that which stinketh not groweth also very plentifully wild in many places and often amongst wild Camomile Time They flower all the Summer-Months some earlier and some later Government and Vertues Mayweed is governed by Mars yet Galen saith The Sophi of the Egyptians consecrated Camomile to the Sun which is much of the same temperature but the stinking Mayweed is more hot and dry and is used for the same purposes that Camomile is to dissolve Tumors and Wind and to ease pains and Aches in the joints and other parts Tumors Wind Paines Aches Matrix Fallen down Suffocations of the Matrix it is also good for Women whose Matrix is fallen down or loosed from one side to another their feet being washed with a decoction thereof made in water It is likewise good to be given to smell unto for such who are troubled with the rising or suffocation of the Matrix Jewes-Mallow Names IT is called Melochia or Molochia and Corchorus Descript It is a small low herb rising up a foot and an half from the stalks shoot forth divers branches on all sides whereon grow many leaves without order up to the tops somewhat longer and broader then the leaves of Basil and some are shorter and broader almost round all of them finely nicked and pointed about the edges having at the bottom of each leaf a small thred as it were on each side which are of a little sourish tast the flowers for the most part come forth singly but one standing at a place every one upon a short footstalk consisting of five broad small pointed leaves of a yellow colour with some threds in the middle which being past there rise up slender long pods somewhat like unto those of Swallow-wort which when they are ripe open into five parts having within them small seed like unto Nigella but lesser and of a blewish green colour the root is long fibrous and perisheth every year Place It groweth in Syria Asia Aegypt and in those places abundantly in the Gardens where it is sown and in many places of Spain and Italy It is so common in Aegypt that they seldom make a meal without a dish therof as saith Alpinus Time It seldom cometh to flower with us and being sown groweth not above a hand high a cold night quickly killeth it Government and Virtues Alpinus assimilateth the faculties hereof unto the Marsh-Mallow that is of a temperature moderate in heat and moisture but this thought to be dryer even in the first degree it is under the government of Venus It is much used to suppurate digest resolve and mollifie all hard Tumors in that the muscilage hereof is more slymy then that of our Marsh-mallows Hard tumors Dry Coughs Hoarseness Throat two drams of the seed he saith is usually taken at a time to purge all sorts of humors the decoction of the leaves is very frequently used against dry Coughs hoarsness of the Throat or voice and
shortness of breath and taken with Sugar-candy it is a present remedy Alpinus further saith that the oyle thereof is so familiarly used by the Aegyptians in their meals as that they do seldom eat without it yet it breedeth many obstructions and the viscous nourishment of it turneth into Melancholy and other diseases It will not be improper here to add somewhat of the virtues of our Marsh-mallows both leaves seeds and roots wherein Culpepper falls too short It is the chiefest of all other Mallows and most effectual and is therefore called Dismalva being twice as good as any other The root being boyled in wine and drunk is good against the pain and grief of the Gravel and Stone Gravel Stone Bloody Flux Sciatica cough Tooth-ach the blood Flux the Sciatica the trembling and shaking of any member and for such as are troubled with Cramps and burstings Pliny writeth the same boyled in sweet new milk healeth the Cough and being boyled in some Vinegar and holden in the mouth it asswageth the pain in the Teeth The same being boyled in Wine or hony-hony-water and bruised or pounded very small Green Wounds Tumors Swellings Wens Kernels Impostumes chaps of the fundament doth cure and heal new Wounds and doth dissolve and consume cold Tumors and Swellings Wens and hard kernels and Imposthumes behind the Ears and is good for the burning Imposthume of the Paps It doth soften ripen digest breaketh and covereth with skin old Imposthumes blastings and Windy Swellings Mother it cureth rifts and chaps of the Fundament and trembling of the sinews and sinewy parts the same being so prepared pounded with hogs-grease goose-grease and a little Turpentine and a Pessary or Mother suppository made thereof and put up doth mollifie and asswage Imposthumes and sores of the Mother and openeth the stoppings of the same The leaves are likewise used instead of common Mallows to loosen the belly gently and are very effectual in decoctions for Glisters to ease all pains in the body Pains in the body Stone to open the straight passages and make them slippery whereby the stone may descend the more easily out of the Reins and Kidneys and the bladder and to ease the great and torturing pains that come thereby the roots being boyled very well in water and after they be strained out the decoction being boiled again with Sugar to a just consistence and troches rowls or Lozinges made thereof is effectual against the diseases of the Breast Chest and Lungs as Coughs Hoarseness Wheefings and shortness of Breath Coughs hoarseness shortness of Breath Guts Bloody flux the roots and seeds of the Marsh-mallow boyled in Wine and Water is very effectual to be used by such as have any excoriation in the Guts or bloody flux by qualifying the violence of the sharp Cholerick fretting humors which are the cause thereof and by sliminess easing the pains and healing the soreness and in some sort staying the further erruption of blood Ruptures cramps Convulsions Kings Evil Chin cough It is very profitable for them that are troubled with Ruptures Cramps or Convulsions of the sinews and being boyled in White-wine it is profitable for the Impostumes of the Throat called the Kings-evill for kernels behind the Ears and swellings or Inflamations in Womens breast The dryed roots boyled in Milk and drunk are singularly good for the chin-Cough Hippocrates used to give the decoction of the roots or the juice thereof to drink to wounded persons who were ready to faint through loss of blood and applied the same mixed with Hony and Rozen unto the Wounds he gave also the decoction of the roots in Wine to those to drink that were hurt by bruises or Falls or by blows or stripes and to such who had any bone or member out of joint and to those who had any swelling pain or Ach in the muscles sinews or Arteries it is good also to be used in all Ulcers and sores that happen in any Cartilaginous place The muscilage of the roots and of Linseed and Fenegreek put together is of much use in pultisses oyntments and plaisters to mollifie hard tumors and the Inflamations of them and to ease pains in any part of the body The seed either green or dry mixed with Vinegar cleanseth the skin of Morphew and other discolourings thereof being bathed therewith either in the Sun or in a Hot-house or Stove Mandrake Kinds and Names THere is described by Authors both a Male and Female Mandrake and two of the Males-Mandrak It is called Mandragoras both in Latine and Greek and Dioscorides saith in his time called Circaea because Circe the great Witch or enchantresse used it as is thought in love-matters Descript 1. The more ordinary Male Mandrake Mandragoras mas vulgatior sendeth forth from a somewhat great and downright root in some but with one in other two three or four twines or branches divided a little below the head or top and divers small fibres besides blackish on the out side and whitish within having many large leaves lying on the ground greater then any Beete-leaves from the middle whereof rise up sundry pale green flowers of five round leaves a peece each standing on a small slender footstalk within a green five-leaved husk wherein afterwards is set the fruit being of the bigness of a reasonable Pippin and as yellow as Gold when it is through ripe with divers round whitish flat seeds in it of a heady or strong stuffing scent This is the true Description of the plant without other shape of Mans or Womans parts although some Cheats have made counterfeit forms thereof and have exposed them to publick view both in our own and other Countries but they are utterly deceitfull forgeries to cheat people of their mony Descript 2. Mandragoras mas alter another Male-Mandrake whose leaves were of a more grayish green colour and somewhat folded together herein differing from the former This Mr. Parkinson saith he saw in the Lord Wottons Garden at Canterbury when John Tradescant had the keeping of it but that it had never born any fruit Descript 3. The Female Mandrake Mandragoras foemineus hath many leaves lying on the ground but smaller narrower more crumpled and of a darker green colour then the Male like those of Lettice as saith Dioscorides The flowers also rise from among the leaves each on a slender footstalk as the former but of a blewish purple colour the fruit is much lesse then those of the Male but round like them of a paler yellow colour when they are ripe and of a more pleasing and lesse heady-scent having in them such like seed as the Male but smaller and blacker the root is also like the former blackish without and white within neer unto the same form parted into sometimes more and sometimes fewer branches Place They grow in Woods and shadowy places and the Female by Rivers-sides in diverse Countries beyond the Alps but not naturally on this side thereof as in Greece Candy Isles
part coming together each of them upon a short foot stalk at the tops of the stalks grow the fruit which are round and reddish of the bigness of a plum and full of seed within Descript 5. Apples-of-Love of a greater middle and lesser size Poma amoris majora media minora These sorts do all resemble one another in their branches leaves yellow flowers and red berries or fruit Place and Time The first is natural in Spain the second in Aegypt and Syria and those Eastern Countreys the third is supposed to be brought out of Ethiopia and the back parts of Barbary the fourth is found in shadowy places upon the Appenine Mountains the last is natural in Egypt Syria Arabia and those parts The three first do flower in August their fruit not coming to perfection with us but the other sorts ripen well if the Summer be not too cold Government and Vertues The first sort of these are Plants of Saturn and as Avicen saith are very hurtfull yet being first boyled in fat broath they are eaten as a pleasant Junket with vinegar or salt oyl salt amongst the Genoa's and others and neither breed frensies nor other harm yet though the fresh ones be better yet they which are old are very hurtful for by their bitterness they are accounted hot and dry in the second degree and do ingender Melancholy Leprosie Cancers and the Piles the Head-ach and a stinking breath breed obstructions on the Liver and Spleen and change the complexion into a foul black and yellow colour unless they be boyled in vinegar And Fuschius saith that they do superabound in coldness and moisture as do the Cucumbers and Mushrooms yet the beauty of the fruit the delight to the palate and most of all their supposed faculty of inciting to venery do transport a great many especially in Italy and other hot Countreys where they come to their full maturity and proper rellish that they eat them with a great deal of desire and pleasure and therefore prepare and dress them divers ways as some eat them raw as we do Cucumbers some roast them under the embers and others boyl them and then pare and slice them and having strowed flower on them do fry them with oyl or butter and with a little pepper and salt eat them and some keep them in pickle to serve in the winter and Spring but certain it is that they do hardly digest in the Stomach whereby they breed much windiness which probably may cause a provoking to Venery they ingender bad blood and melancholy humours and give little nourishment to the body and that not good The Poma Amoris golden apples or apples of love are under the dominion of Venus they are cold and moist more than any of the former and less offensive these are eaten with great delight and pleasure in hot Countreys but in our Country for want of sufficient heat of the Sun to ripen them they are flashy and insipid and not so fit to be eaten Thorny Apple-bearing Nightshades Kinds and Names THere are recorded two sorts of these viz. The thorny nightshade of Jericho with round apples Solanum spinosum fructu rotundo And Indian apple bearing Nightshade with round leaves solanum pomiferum Indicum folio rotundo Descript 1. The thorny Nightshade of Jericho hath leaves like unto those of the mad Apples of Peru but whiter and softer having many small thorns in the middle rib of every leaf on the under side and on the stalks and branches are divers thorns and purplish flowers at the top of them after which come small apples green before they be ripe changing yellow and brownish afterwards being round and somewhat sweet in smell but as unsavoury or without taste as the former Descript 2. The Indian Apple-bearing Nightshade with round leaves groweth in manner of a shrub or Hedg-bush as Monardus saith of an excellent green colour having small thin round leaves bearing long fruit round at the lower end and flat toward the stalk of a greyish or Ash-colour on the outside and of a pleasant and grateful taste without any Atrimony therein having many small seeds within it Place and Time The first groweth in Syria and Palestine and other Countreys adjacent The second groweth in the Mountains of Peru only but at what time they flower or bear fruit it is not menâ—ioned Government and Virtues These Plants are certainly governed by Mars but the Physical vertues of the first no mention is by any Author made thereof But the second as Monardus saith is in great estimation in the West-Indies both amongst the Spaniards and Indians in that it provoketh Urine expelleth Gravel and the Stone in the kidneys and bladder Gravel Stone It breaketh the stone in the bladder if it be not so hard as that it will yield to the force of no medicine It is said of this that the seed taken in any fit in some proper water for that purpose will by degrees dissolve the stone into small Gravel which after it is expelled forth will again petrifie and grow together into an hard stone Nipplewort Kinds and Names OF this there is some three kinds 1. the ordinary Nipplewort called in Latine Lampsana vulgaris 2. The Nipplewort of Austria called Lampsana papillaris and 3. Wild or wood bastard-Nipplewort Soncho affinis Lampsana Sylvatica And in Prussia as saith Camerarius they call it papillaris Descript 1. The ordinary Nipplewort groweth with many hard upright stalks whereon grow dark green leaves from the bottoms to the tops but the higher the lesser in some places without any dents in the edges and in others with a few uneven jags therein somewhat like a kind of Hanckweed the tops of the Stalks have some small long branches which bear many small starlike yellowish flowers on them which turn into small seed the root is small and fibrous the Plant yieldeth a bitter milk as the Sowthistles do Descript 2. Nipplewort of Austria hath slender smooth and solid stalks not easie to break about two foot high whereon stand without erder somewhat long and narrow leaves broadest in the middle and sharp at the ends waved a little about the edges and compassing them at the bottom yielding a little milk from the upper joynts with the leaves grew forth small firm branches yet a little bending hearing each of them four or five long green husks and in them small purplish flowers of five leaves a piece nicked in at the broad ends with some small threds in the middle which turn into Down and are carried away with the wind the root is small and shreddy and lasteth many years Descript 3. The wild or wood Bastard-Nipplewort is like unto the first sort but with somewhat broader leaves and more store of branches but in flowers and other parts not much different Place and Time The first groweth-common almost every where upon the banks of ditches and borders of fields the second Clusius saith he found in Hungary and Saxony and other
paler white colour The flowers stand in the same manner three or four together upon a stalk but are somewhat of a paler white colour to whom succeed sometimes but one and sometimes two pods together which are thicker and shorter than those of the white kind straked all along and double-forked at the ends wherein lie silk and seeds as in the former The roots have not so strong a smell as the last and have aswel as the rest of the Plant a strong smell like Box-leaves Place and T me The two first grow in rough and untilled ground upon divers Mountains in France about Narbone Marseilles and Mompelier and in Italy also The last in Candy They flower in the months of June and July and sometimes not until August and their Cods are ripe about a moneth after the empty husks abiding on the dry branches when the seed and silk is fallen out Government and Virtues These are Solar Plants the roots have a most soveraign faculty against all poysons Poysons Venemous beasts Serpents mad doâ— Plague Pâ—stilence Pâ—ssions of the heart Griping in the Belly particularly against the Apocynum or Dogs-bane and is effectually given to such as are bitten by any venemous beast or stung by any Serpent or other Creature as also against the biting of a mad dog and a dram and an half thereof taken in carduus-Carduus-water for divers days together It is taken also in wine every day against the Plague and pestilence a dram thereof taken in Bugloss-water is effectual against all passions of the heart if the same quantity of Citron-seeds be taken therewith it easeth all the griping pains in the belly the Decoction of the roots made with white-wine taken for divers days together a good draught at a time and sweating thereupon cureth the dropsie The same also cureth the Jaundice Jaundice Dropsie Vrine provoketh Urine and easeth the cough and all defects of the Chest and lungs The powder of the roots taken with Peony-seeds is good against the Falling-Sickness Cough Chest Lungs Falling-Sickness Melancholy Worms or with Basil-seed or the rinde of Pomcitron-seeds is good against melancholy and taken with the roots of Dictamnus albus or bastard-Dittany will kill and expell worms of the maw or belly the roots are also used amongst other things for baths for women to sit in to ease pains of the Mother and to bring down their courses the decoction hereof with comfrey roots made in wine Pains of the Mother Courses Rupture Bruises Vlcers Sores is good for those that have a Rupture or are bursten or have received hurts by bruises The powder of the roots or leaves is effectual to cleanse all putrid rotten and filthy Ulcers and Sores and may safely be used in all Salves Unguents and Lotions made for such purposes The leaves and flowers boyled and made into a Pultis and applyed to the hard tumors or swellings of womens breasts cureth them speedily and all sores in the matrix Womens breasts Matrix Tobacco Names Descript IT is called Petum and Nicotiana There have several kinds thereof been planted here in England which they did manure for Smoaking but that is now prohibited I shall only describe one kind which is planted here for its uses in physick and Chirurgery only It riseth up with a thick round stalk about two foot high whereon do grow thick fat fleshy green leaves nothing so large as the other Indian kinds neither for breadth nor length somewhat round-pointed also and nothing dented about the edges the stalk brancheth forth and beareth at the tops divers flowers set in green husks scarce standing above the brims of the husks round-pointed also and of a greenish yellow colour after which followeth the seeds contained in great heads The root is woody byt perisheth in winter but generally riseth of the seed that is suffered to shed it self Place and Time This as is supposed was first brought from Brazile it giveth ripe seed in our Countrey here earlier than the other Indian sorts It flowreth from June to the end of August or later and the seed ripeneth in the mean time Government and Vertues Tobacco is a Plant of Saturn Culpeppers deity of a stupifying quality it is held to be available to expectorate tough phlegm out of the stomach chest and lungs the juice thereof made into a Syrup Phlegm Stomach Chest Lungs worms or the distilled water of the herb drank with Sugar The same also helps to expell worms in the stomach and belly as also to apply a leaf to the belly and to ease the pains in the head or Meagrim Pains in the head Meagrim Stone Gravel Mother and griping pains in the bowels It is also profitable for those that are troubled with the stone in the kidneys to ease pains and by provoking Urine to expell gravel and the stone ingendred therein and hath been found very effectual to suppress the malignity and windy vapours which cause the strangling of the mother The seed hereof is much more effectual to ease the pains of the teeth than Henbane-seed and the ashes of the burnt herb to cleanse the gums and teeth and make them white The herb bruised and applyed to the place of the Kings-Evil is a speedy rememdy as is said It is also said to be effectual to cure the Dropsie Kings-Evil Dropsie by taking four or five ounces of the juice thereof fasting which will strongly purge the body both upwards and downwards And too strongly too unless it be a well steeled body indeed The distilled water is often given with some sugar before the fit of an Ague to lessen the fits and alter them and to take them quite away in three or four times using if the distilled faces of the herb having been bruised before the distillation and not distilled dry be set in hot dung to digest for fourteen days and afterwards hung up in a bag in a Cellar the liquor that distilleth therefrom is singular good to use for Cramps Aches the Gout and Sciatica and to heal Itches Cramps aches Gouts Sciatica Scabs Cankers Lice Green wounds Old Sores Scabs and running Ulcers and foul Sores whatsoever The juice is good for all the said griefs and likewise to kill lice in childrens heads The herb bruised and applyed to any green wound doth speedily heal the same the juice put into old sores doth heal the same A good salve thereof may be made in this manner Take of the green herb three or four handfulls bruise it and put it into a quart of good oyl-olive boyl them on a gentle fire till the herb grow dry and the oyl will bubble no longer adding thereto wax Rozen and sheeps-tallow or Deers suet of each a quarter of a pound of Turpentine two ounces which being melted put it up for your use Some will add to it the powder of round Birthworth and white Frankincense each half an ounce which is to be put in when it is nigh cold and well
sides 14 15. 97. Strangury 17. 24. 26. 33. 40. 52. 54. 71. 81. Seed to increase 19. Scabs 20. 35. 53. 101. 110. Scurfs 27. 32. 75 76. 97. 104. 148. Scars of wounds 27. 53. 78. Spots 32. 48. 56. 97. Secret members 33. Skin to keep its colour 38. 78. 101. 141. 199. Skin to keep from roughness 72. Swellings to dissolve 49. 74. 76. 95. 127. Splinters to draw 51. Scurvy 56. Scalding by fire or water 57. 61. Sneezing 72. Speech lost p. 75. Small Pox. 78. 116. 171. Sweat 86. Sprains 103. Spiders 149. Sun-burned 209. T. Teeth to make white and firm 89. Teeth loose 127. Tumors hot 1. 19. 24. 29. 78. 93. 112. 121. Terms to provoke 3. 14. 22. 24. 38. 60. 209. 237. Teeth to stop 20 21. 37. 78 79. Toothach 6. 11. 18. 22. 26. 32. 40. 72. 108. 122. 148. 182. 230. Terms to provoke 6. 11. 26. 83. Thirst to stanch 8. 39. 81. 126. Tongue 10. Throat 14. 24. 54. 62. 68. 78. 87. 121. 126. 164. Tetters and Ringworms 32. 78. 97. 149. 228. Temples 40. 93. Tympany 61. Tissick 79. 84. 90. Thorn and Splinters to draw forth 80. 84. The Taste to help 115. Trochis 210. V. Vlcers 141. 160. 213. Vrine to provoke 158. 160. 211. Vrine sharp 206. Venemous beasts 3. 8. 11. 13. 14. 18. 20. 50. 56. 73 74. 85. 104. 171. Vlcers in the Matrix 3. Vlcers in general 10. 20. 48. 54. 56. 62. 94. 103. 107. 123. 133. 136. Vrine to provoke 5 6. 8 11. 13 14. 22 23 24. 34. 60. 71. 83. 102. Venereous Exercises to excite 7. 36. 38. 42. 119. The Vvula falling down 11. Vomiting to stay 29. 33. 39. 99. 169. 209. Vomiting to force 47 48 49 103. Voice to help 42. 68. 195. 209. Vdders of Kyne how to help 115. W. Wind to dissolve 3. 8. 19. 21 25. 38. 61. 89. 93. 129. Womens Courses See Terms Womens delivery to be easie 6. 34. 53. 84. 151. 224. Whites or Reds to stop 6. 8. 13. 34. 108. Womens milk to cause plenty 8. 107. Womens flowers and the After-birth 9. 11. 13. 27. 52. 83. Warts 11. 78. 224 Wounds 13. 27. 50. 52. 82. 94. 107. 162. Worms 22. 29. 38. 52. 70. 81. 104. 108. 115. 138 168. 172. 233. Wasps to kill 72. Women subject to miscarry 91. 204. Wens 122. 168. 227. Womens Longing 168. Wheasing 206. 221. X. Y. Yard to help 36. A new Tract for the Cure of Wounds made by Gun-Shot or otherways fitted for the meanest Capacities exceeding useful in times of War and Peace FIrst How Wounds are to be ordered at the first dressing The first thing to be done in order to the curing of these wounds is to remove whatsoever is within the wound offending it as Linnen Paper Bullets and the like with instruments for that purpose as Forceps Crows-bills Catch-Bullets c. The next thing must be to stanch the flux of blood which is done either by filling the wound with dry Lint or Powders of Bole-armonack Draggons blood Aloes Frankincense the hairs of a Hare cut very small and such like applyed either with the white of an Egg Oyntment of Bole-armonack and such like or without as you shall see cause If the wound be large and you think it will not joyn together by rolling then you must stich it together with needle and silk well waxed for that purpose then at the next days dressing the Contusion or bruising of the part caused by the Gun-shot must be considered to which end you are to use such like medicines as these that follow viz. Oleum Catellorum i. e. Oyl of whelps or Oyl of Turpintine called Oleum Terebinthinae or Arceus his Lineament c. The next dressing proceed as before unless you suspect a Gangreene then mix with the former medicines some Aegyptiacum-oyntment more or less as you shall find cause then the wound with these remedies being come past danger of gangreene with good flesh and matter then you must seek to supply the part with good flesh if there be any wanting which may be done with Vnguentum Basilicon Vnguentum Aureum i. e. golden oyntment And at last wholly to skin it firmly over use desiccativum rubrum the red drying or shining oyntment All this while you must have regard to such other Symptoms as oftentimes are known to follow and accompany these wounds And first for pain which being commonly joyned with Inflamation or great heat is to be asswaged and mitigated with these medicines following Vnguentum album i. e. the white oyntment Vnguentum nutritum oyl of Roses Vnguentum Populeum Id est Oyntment of Poplar-buds and oyl of Lillies Elder Earth-worms Camomile If the Patient shall chance to faint through pain or loss of blood or any other ways administer to him one dram of Confectio Alkermes with the smaller sort of Cinamon-water If a Convulsion happen to the part you are to anoint it with oyl of Bayes called Oleum Laurinum Spike and Castor c. The oyntment of Aragon and Agrippa are likewise very good or anoynt the part and all the Back-bone with this Take oyl of Turpentine half an ounce oyl of Cloves six drops the pulp of Bryonie as much as sufficeth to make an oyntment But this following is excellent Take salt Butter and old rusty Bacon of each four ounces the gums of Bdellium and Ammoniacum of each one ounce Myrrhe and Castor of each two drams the flowers of Lavender Cotton and Rosemary-flowers of each a pugil which is as much as you can take up between your thumb and two fingers Nutmegs and Cloves of each one dram a young Kitlen the skin being pulled off and the guts being taken out and bruised and cut in small pieces put all these into the belly of a fat Goose sew them up and so roast the Goose upon a spit the first juice or Liquor that drops from it being waterish may be thrown away but when the fat dripping comes let that be taken in a Pan half full of vinegar and with this anoynt the part troubled with convulsion and all the Back-bone After anoynting keep a Fox or Cats-skin to the part If he be full bodyed he may bleed and purge with a dram of Pillulae Cochiae to which add three grains of Castor if he will not bleed apply Cupping-glasses with scarification to the neck and shoulders if the Arm be troubled but to the hips and loins if the thigh be affected Sometimes a Palsie happens to the wounded through several causes as a cold and moist distemper cutting of the Nerves c. For which you must Purge the Patient every fourth or fifth day or once a week as you find the strength and Constitution of your Patient with these Pills following Take Pillulae foetidae and Pillulae Corticae the lesser of each half a dram Trochise Alhandal four grains make them into six Pills let them be taken in the morning keeping warm afterwards let him use the decoction of Lignum vitae and the Bark
Tisan or Barley-water or Plantane-water wherein you are to dissolve two ounces of brown sugar and an ounce of Honey of Roses mix them and inject them warm with a Syringe if you see symptoms continue you may put in a leaden Pipe till the wound runs little and good matter then take it out and cure it up the manner of dressing such Patients is this having warmed your medicine as before cast it in with a syringe which done let your Patient betake himself to that posture that it may all come forth again after put the Pipe into the wound and lay a sponge dipt in Aqua vitae on it which will keep forth the aire and draw out the matter contained in the wound Instead of the Sponge you may make use of this Take half a pound of the clear and best Rozin and two ounces of Gum-elemy melt them over a gentle fire till they be well mixed together then add to them Oyl of Bays and common Turpentine of each one ounce boyl them a little then strain them through a thick linnen cloath which spread upon leather lay it upon the Pipe which will powerfully draw matter out of the wound Renew it once a day if in winter and twice a day in Summer remembring always to snip your plaister in the middle that the mater may have passage to flow out With this and Artificial Balsom may wounds be cured which are piercing Forget not if you see occasion to bleed first on the contrary side of the wound and if need be and strength permit afterwards in the other arm To dissolve clotted bloud give this medicine inwardly made of half a dram of Rhubarb Madder and Mummy of each one scruple half a scruple of Sealed earth Scabious and buglos-Buglos-water and the juice of Lemmons of each one ounce To help difficulty of breathing and ease pain let the Patient take a quarter of a pinte of this Decoction following Four ounces of French barley three ounces of Raisins of the Sun stoned three handfulls of Buglos roots two ounces of Liquorice scraped and bruised twenty Jujubes fifteen pruans and a handful of Parsley-roots Boyl all these in seven quarts of rain or running water to the consumption of the third part and to make it palate-able and pleasant for taste Boyl two or three drams of Cynamon in the straining dissolve three ounces of Pennids Syrup of Roses and Comfrey and of the two opening roots made without vinegar of each two ounces four ounces of Sugar Candy this nourisheth so much that he need no other food for three days unless he drink Tisan wherein you may boyl Fennel and Parsley-roots If the Patient find ease by spitting help him by the using of Vinegar water and sugar for his cough administer this Take Sugar-Candy and Pennids of each one ounce two ounces of Diatragacanthum frigidum syrup of Violets and Juiubs of each as much as is sufficient to make a Linctus or Lohoc which he is to use often with a Liquorish-stick if he spits thick matter then use syrup of Coltsfoot with Oxymel simplex or simple which is thus made Take four pound of the best honey clear water and white-wine vinegar of each one quart boyle the water and honey into a syrup afterwards add the Vinegar then boyl it to the consistance of a syrup scumming it with a wooden scummer But when the matter is coming to suppuration let the patient drink half a pint of this following in the morning which he may sleep after and the like quantity at four of the Clock in the afternoon Take Eupatorie Scabies Sanicle Clove-gilliflower Privets and Colts-foot of each one handful of the root of the greater Comfrey and Burridg of each one ounce boyl the roots first then the herbs according to Art in five quarts of water till one half be consumed afterwards put to it Sugar and Honey of each four ounces which being clarified with the whites of two eggs keep it for use which you may also use for an Injection if you please indeavouring to get out all again for what remains will be of a sharp quality and so may increase if not beget Symptoms A wound made in the lungs if it be on the skirts and without inflammation c. then giving your Patient things to hinder his coughing much and great breathing may be cured while the patient takes those Linctus's or others before described he is to lye on his back for so the medicine will fall by little and little upon the wind-pipe otherwise if they should fall down hastily or in great quantity it might cause the Patient to Cough Cows Asses or Goats-milk if they may be had with a little Honey that they corrupt not in the stomach are very good in these wounds or the mulcians of Almonds which is made by bruising the Almonds being first blanched in a stone-morter and pouring Barley-water upon them and stir them well and strain through a cloth doing this often and it will look like milk Sugar of Roses likewise is excellent in this case because it is of a cleansing and strengthening quality but when you shall think it time to close up the wound after you have cleansed it with the medicines before spoken of The Patient must use in Broths or Linctuses some sealed Earth Boll-Armonack Plantan Knot-grass Shumack Acasia or the Juice of Sloes and such like sharp and binding medicines which being mixed with Honey of Roses may carry away that filth which may hinder the closing up of the wound Wounds happen to divers parts of the Belly some whereof are piercing as you will see the Guts and Caule sometime come forth if the great Guts come out put them up again presently into the Belly But if they have been a good while out and so the cold Air hath injured them and they be full of wind and the like then they must be fomented with medicines that will discuss the wind such as is made of Thyme and Calemint Camomil Mellilot Penni-royal Origanum Wormwood and the like or else prick them with needles if after all this you cannot make it go up there is no other way but to enlarge the wound But if the Gut it self be wounded which you will know by perceiving the excrements come forth at the wound if it be wounded longwayes and little it is easily cured if overthwart-ways and great 't is difficultly cured if black 't is deadly then it must be sowed up so as Glovers use to stitch in making Gloves Then put upon it powder of Mastick Mirrhe Boll Armonack and the like after you have stitched it up you must not put up the Gut into its place all at once but by little and little the patient lying on the side opposite to the wound as if the wound be on the right side the patient shall lie on his left by which means you may more easily restore the Gut fallen down if the lower part of the guts being wounded fall through the wound
of the juice of Citrons For preservative you may drink Wormwood-beer or a small quantity of the former Cordials or eat mince and sage with bread and butter and smell to the herbs or you may steep those herbs with Wormwood in white-wine Vinegar which is excellent good in the Plague-time also Seamen and Soldiers are often troubled with Fluxes therefore it will not here be amiss to lay down some convenient remedies for the Cure of the same but being there are several kinds of Fluxes I shall begin first with that which is called Lientery which is when the food received into the body is cast forth in the same substance colour and smell as it was received This proceeds from a weakness of the retaining faculty of the stomach when it cannot keep the meat long enough therein till it be concocted likewise from a cold distemper of the stomach and liver begetting cold and raw humours which fill up the wrinkles of the stomach that it cannot keep the food it receives or else from â—harp humours pricking and twitching the parts by which the stomach and guts are provoked to send forth their meat too soon If this comes from a cold cause you may know it from the sowr belching that follows and phlegmatick excrements that are voided If the humors come from the head the excrements are frothy and after sleep the flux is greater if it come by provocation caused by sharp and pricking humors he will have a great thirst heat in his flanks gnawing in his stomach voiding sharp and chollerick excrements If this disease come from tough phlegmatick humors covering the wrinkles of the stomach you must cut them with honey of Roses Oxymel simplex and Oxymel-squils and the like Then you must give him gentle Purges for which purpose Pills are the best because they stay longest in the stomach of which you may take these for an example Take of Pillulae Cochiae and Pill Ruffi of each half a dram mix them and make them into six Pills of which let him take three at night going to bed and the other three the next morning or night according as you see occasion or else Pills of Hiera with Agrick or Pillulae Alephenginae the same Dose of either a part for Glisters they are here of no great force except the flux be violent and then they must be binding such as shall be spoken of hereafter In a Bloudy-flux after you have purged the humors offending you must then strengthen the stomach wiâ—h cooling Syrrups and Julips if it come from a hot cause mixing therewith some few drops of the Spirit of Viteral or Sulphur also some Marmalet of Quinces will be good or this following Take of the Conserve of Sorrel and Wormwood of each one ounce Conserve of Roses Suckery and Buglas of each half an ounce Diamargariton frigidum and Diarrhodon Abbatis of each one dram one scruple of Troches of Spodium with as much Syrrup of Lemmons as will serve to make them up to the form of an Electuary mix them and let the Patient take the quantity of a Chesnut morning noon and night or this following Take six ounces of old Conserve of Roses six drams of London or Venice Treakle with as much Marmalet of Quinces as will make it into an Electuary mix them and let the Patient take about the quantity of half an ounce in the morning drinking nothing after for the space of three or four hours if from a cold cause let the Patient boyl some Guaiacum or Sassafras in his drink of which take this for a pattern Take of guaiacum Sassafras Sarsaparilla of each two ounces English Liquorice and Cinnamon of each one ounce Coriander-seed an ounce Infuse them in four quarts of spring or running-water twenty four hours afterwards boyl it gently to the consumption of half of this Let the Patient drink half a pinte at a time about the quantity of a quart in a day here Mithridate Nutmeg Diatessaron and Diatrion pipirion is good if he wants rest and the flux continue give him three grains of Laudanum Opiatum where note in the taking of all which things if the Flux heing stayed break out again it is a sign ill humours are to be purged away to which purpose Rubarb prepared Infused often in Indiff-water is very excellent The next sort of Fluxes is called Diarrhaea which is a Flux in which excremental cholerick or phlegmatick humours are cast forth without either blood or food and these come either from the whole body or from the brain or stomach Guts Liver Spleen Mesentery and if in women from the womb and the like If the Patient hath had or have at present a feaver or be dropsical or of an ill habit of body or have eaten excessively and not digested his food it is a sign that it comes from the whole body If the excrements be frothy and he void more by night than day and he have some manifest disease in his head as a Catarrh Lethargy Deafness c. then it proceeds from the head If the fault be in the stomach the Patient hath eaten food apt to corrupt and there appear signs that the concoction is injured either from a hot or cold cause if from the first the humours will be sharp cholerick stinking and nature labours to throw it out if from the last then the excrements will be crude and phlegmatick If the Flux proceed from the Liver the excrements are cholerick and you will perceive some distemper of the Liver if from the Spleen they will be blackish and you have signs of a distempered Spleen If from the Dysentery you will have an extension of the humours but they come from the Liver and Spleen if from the Guts there 's worms if from the womb there hath been obstructions of the Courses and now some symptom that vexes and increases the Flux at that time the Courses are wont to flow For to help this Disease first of all open a vein if the body be full of bloud and if it be not it is good to let bloud if the Patient hath a feaver then purge with such things as leave a binding quality behind them such as Rubarb dryed and given in Plantane-water with syrrup of Quinces or take a dram of Rubarb and half a dram of the yellow Mirobolans and half a scruple of yellow Saunders infuse them in plantane-Plantane-water strain it and to the straining add half a dram of Rubarb in powder and one ounce of Syrrup of Roses a potion for one dose or you may add the lenitive Electuary or Catholicon according to the strength and condition of the Patient and humours vomiting is good if the body be strong before and after purging give this or the like glyster Take Wheat-bran and red Rose leaves of each one pugil whole Barley two pugils Liquorice sliced and Raisins of the Sun of each one ounce boyl these in a sufficient quantity of water till they come to a pinte in the straining