Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	green_a	put_v	quill_n	40	3	16.5540	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A53322	The voyages and travells of the ambassadors sent by Frederick, Duke of Holstein, to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the King of Persia begun in the year M.DC.XXXIII. and finish'd in M.DC.XXXIX : containing a compleat history of Muscovy, Tartary, Persia, and other adjacent countries : with several publick transactions reaching near the present times : in VII. books. Whereto are added the Travels of John Albert de Mandelslo (a gentleman belonging to the embassy) from Persia into the East-Indies ... in III. books ... / written originally by Adam Olearius, secretary to the embassy ; faithfully rendered into English, by John Davies.	Olearius, Adam, 1603-1671.; Mandelslo, Johann Albrecht von, 1616-1644.; Davies, John, 1625-1693.	1669 (1669)	Wing O270; ESTC R30756	1,076,214	584

in any place whatsoever even in their Mosqueyes There grows abundance of it near Bagdat and in Kurdesthan but they have not the art to Cure it as it ought to be thinking it enough to let it dry as they do other leaves and Medicinal herbs There are whole shops full of it at Ispahan being put up in Baggs where it is reduc'd in a manner to powder and is at least as small as Sena They highly esteem that which is brought them out of Europe and call it Inglis Tambaku because the English are they who bring most of it thither They are so great lovers of it that when I gave a piece thereof to a Master who taught me the Arabian Language at Scamachie he took it for an extraordinary kindness To take it with any delight they make use of a Glass Flaggon an Earthen Pitcher a Cocos or Indian Nut-shell or a Kaback which is the rind of a certain sort of Citralls or Cucumbers which they fill half full of water or little more and sometimes put a little perfum'd Waters into it Into this water they put a little hollow Reed having at the end of it a Bole wherein they put the Tobacco with a little Coal and with another Pipe about an Ell long which they have in their Mouths they draw through the water the smoke of the Tobacco which leaving in the water all its soot and blackness is incomparably more pleasant this way than as we take it Those who have not all these conveniences are glad to take it our way but their Pipes which have Boles or Heads of Earth or Stone are of Wood and much longer than ours They Drink with their Tobacco a certain black water which they call Cahwa made of a Fruit brought out of Egypt and which is in colour like ordinary Wheat and in tast like Turkish Wheat and is of the bigness of a little Bean. They fry or rather burn it in an Iron pan without any Liquor beat it to powder and boyling it with fair water they make this Drink thereof which hath as it were the tast of a burnt Crust and is not pleasant to the Palate It hath a Cooling quality and the Persians think it allays the Natural heat Whence it comes that they often drink of it inasmuch as they would avoid the charge of having many Children nay they are so far from dissembling the fear they have thereof that some of them have come to our Physician for remedies of that kind But he being a merry dispos'd Person made answer that he would rather help them to get Children than give them ought to prevent the getting of them I say the Persians are perswaded this water is able absolutely to smother all Natural heat and to take away the power of engendring and to this purpose they tell a story of one of their Kings named Sulthan Mahomet Caswin who Reign'd in Persia before Tamerlane's time that he was so accustom'd to the Drinking of Cahwa that he had an inconceivable aversion for Women and that the Queen standing one day at her Chamber Window and perceiving they had got down a Horse upon the ground in order to the Gelding of him ask'd some that stood by why they treated so handsome a Creature in that manner whereupon answer being made her that he was too Fiery and Metalsome and that the business of those that were about him was with the taking away of the excess of Metal which Stone-Horses are guilty of to deprive him of all generative Vertue the Queen reply'd that that trouble might have been spar'd since the Cahwa would have wrought the same effect and that if they would keep the Stone-Horse with that Drink he would in a short time be as cold as the King her Husband They affirm further that the Son of that King whom they also after his Father call Mahomet being come to the Crown Commanded that great Poet Hakim Fardausi to give him a piece of his Writing and promis'd by way of reward to give him a Ducat for every Verse The Poet in a short time made sixty thousand which are at this day accounted the best that ever were made in Persia but the King who expected not he should have made such haste sent him to those who had the over-sight of his Revenue who judging this to be too great a summ for a Poet told him he must content himself with a less recompence Accordingly they brought it so low that Fardausi made other Verses wherein he reproach'd the King with his avarice and told him the present he had made him might be rather though● to come from a Porter than a Prince Whereto he added that Shooe-makers and Bakers were wont to do so and that he could not be perswaded that the King was of Royal Extraction but must rather be descended from some Shooe-maker or Baker The King was so nettled at these reproaches that he made his Complaints thereof to his Mother who presently imagining that the Poet had made some Discoveries of her ingenuously acknowledg'd to her Son that the King her Husband being become impotent through his excessive Drinking of Cahwa she fancied a Baker belonging to the Court and that this Baker was his Father That she chose rather to take that course than leave the Kingdom destitute of Heirs That he was now to consider that had it not been for that Baker he had not been at all and that he would do well to recompence the Poet so as that the business might take no further wind lest the people should deprive him of a Crown which belong'd not to him The Son made his advantage of the advice and remonstrances of his Mother and ordered the Poet should have what he had promised him We said before that the Persians are great frequenters of the Taverns or Tipling-Houses which they call Tzai Chattai Chane in regard there they may have The or Cha which the Vsbeques Tartars bring thither from Chattai It is an Herb which hath long and narrow leaves about an inch in length and half an inch in breadth In order to the keeping and transportation of it they dry it so as that it turns to a dark grey Colour inclining to black and so shrivell'd up that it seems not to be what it really is but as soon as it is put into warm water it spreads and reassumes its former green Colour The Persians boyl it till the water hath got a bitterish taste and a blackish colour and add thereto F●nnel Anniseed or Cloves and Sugar But the Indians only put it into seething water and have for that purpose either Brass or Earthen pots very handsomely made which are put to no other use They drink it so hot that they are not able to hold their Dishes which are of Porcelane or Silver in their hands whence it comes that they have found out a way of making them of Wood or Canes done over with a Plate of Copper or Silver Gilt

affection one for the other and that they would not be separated so that it being not in the power of the Law to force them to a Divorce Solyman was forc'd to let him enjoy his VVife who went along with her Husband into Persia where he setled himself very well by the means of his VVife who had great VVealth It must needs be that of so many VVomen there are Born a great number of Children Accordingly there are some Fathers have 25. or 30. But the modern Education of them differs much from that of the antients in as much as now they are not brought up by VVomen and the Fathers put them not out till they come to such an age as they did antiently when they admitted them not to their presence till they were four years of age according to Strabo or five according to Herodotus or seaven according to Valerius Maximus Nor do they now as heretofore exercise them in Shooting and Riding but they are put very young either to VVork or to School to learn to VVrite and Read there being very few Persians who cannot do both Their Metzid or Mosqueies where they say their Prayers serve them also for Schools No City but hath as many Metzids as Streets every street being oblig'd to maintain a Metzid with the Molla belonging to it who is as it were the Principal of the College and the Calife who is the Regent The Molla sits in the middle of the form or Class and the Scholars all about him all along the VValls As soon as they begin to know the Characters they put them to read certain Chapters taken out of the Alcoran and afterwards the whole Alcoran Then they put them into the Kulusthan or the Rose-Garden of Schich Saadi and his Bustan or Orchard and at last into Hafis who set out the Bustan in Rime These last Authors who were both of Schiras which is the antient Persepolis where the Language is more pure than in any other place of Persia are highly esteem'd as well for the Excellency of their Style as the Praegnancy of their Inventions The Children read very loud and all at the same time the same Text moving themselves all with the same agitation from one side to the other much after the manner that the VVind shakes Reeds They all write upon their knees where ever they are or what age soever they be of in regard they have not the use of either Stooles or Tables They make their Paper of old rags as we do which for the most part are of Cotton and Silk and that it may not be hairy or uneven they make it smooth with a Polishing stone or sometimes with an Oyster or Muscle shell They make their Ink of the rinds of Pomegranates or of Galls and Vitriol and to make it thick and more fit for writing their Characters requiring a full Body they burn Rice or Barley beat it to powder and make a hard paste of it which they dissolve with gum-Gum-water when they go to write The best comes from the Indies which though it be not all equally good and fine is yet very fit for their Pens which are not made of goose-Goose-quills as ours in Europe are in regard they would be too hard for their Paper which being of Silk or Cotton is very tender but they make them of Canes or Reeds and a little bigger than our Pens They are of a dark Colour without and they are brought for the most part from Schiras or from the Gulf of Arabia where there grows abundance of them The Persians have their particular Language which hath much of the Arabian but nothing at all of the Turkish There are in it also many forein words as Germane and Latine insomuch that it might be thought these Languages have the same Original if it were not found that it happen also in almost all the rest yet not so as that it may be thence inferr'd that all these Nations come from the same source To signifie Father Mother a Tooth a Pen a Rat a Yoak they have the same words with the Latine the ne and tu are Latin and Persian words and du no de signifie two nine and ten yet is it not to be concluded thence that the Persians are originally Romans True it is that the Persians come from the Scythians as do also the Germans yet would I not affirm that the antient Goths and modern Tartars are the same people It must therefore be granted that the modern Language of the Persians differs much from the antient if what Herodotus says be true that all their words ended in S though it may be withall confess'd that they have all a full termination inasmuch as they have in a manner all the accent upon the last Syllable It is easie enough to be learnt as having but few irregular Verbs and if it be true that it is the same Language which was spoken antiently the examples of Themistocles and Alcibiades make it appear that it may be attain'd in a short time All that is hard in it is the Guttural pronunciation thereof Most of the Persians with their own Language learn also the Turkish especially in those Provinces which have been long under the Jurisdiction of the Grand Seignour as Schiruan Adirbeitzan Erak Bagdat and Eruan where Children are taught the Turkish Language and by this means it is so common at Court that a man seldome hears any one speak the Persian as in the Seignor's Court they ordinarily speak the Sclavonian and in the Mogul's the Persian But in the Province of Fars which is the antient Persia and at Schiras they speak only the Persian Language They understand nothing of the Hebrew Greek or Latin but instead of these Languages wherein the Europaeans study the Sciences they have the Arabian which is to them as the Latin is to us in regard the Alcoran and all its Interpreters make use of it as do also all those who write any Books of Philosophy and Physick So that it is not to be much admir'd that it is so common that indeed they cannot express their own Language but in Arabian Characters 'T is true the Sciences are not improv'd to that perfection by them as they are by the Europaeans yet can it not be said but that the Persians are much addicted to Study and they call their Learned men Filosufs To this end they have their Colleges or Universities which they call Medressa and the Professors who teach in them Mederis Their most eminent Colleges are those of Ispahan Schiras Ardebil Mesched Tabris Caswin Kom Iescht and Scamachie which are all under the superintendency of the Sedder or chief of their Religion who is oblig'd to take care for their allowances and maintenance This is done out of the Revenue of those Provinces which pay no Taxes to the King as Kochtzeh near Eruan Vtuathzuk near Karabath Tabakmelek between Georgia and Karabath Agdasch

better then that which is brought out of the Isle of Iava where they call it Lanquus This Herb is neither sowed nor set but grows naturally and is about two foot high above the ground the flower is white and the leaves pointed and as hard as the point of a Knife The Iavians use it for a Sallad as also in Physick as they do the root which is thick and long and full of knots like a Cane as biting in taste as Ginger and of a very sweet scent Benjamin is a Gum distilling from Trees not unlike Lemmon-trees While they are young the Benjamin is black which is the best but as they grow old the Benjamin grows white and loses strength so as to put it off they mingle it with black The Moors call it Lovan Iavy that is Incense of Iava In the Forrest of Iava there grow Trees of red Sandale but the white and yellow Sandale which is without comparison the better comes from the Isles of Timor and Solor This Tree is of the bigness of a Walnut-tree and bears a fruit not unlike our Cherries but is black and insipid The Indians beat white and yellow Sandale and make a Concoction wherewith they rub their Bodies not only for the scent but for that they believe 't is restroative They value not red Sandale but sell it at cheap rates to other parts They have likewise abundance of Ginger by the Malayans called Aliaa and by the Iavians Ga●ti but they either eat it green in Sauces or preserve it for they never dry it Anacardium by the Portuguez called Fava de Malacca by reason of its likeness to ● Bean is very common here and the Iavians take it in Milk against the Asthma and against the Worms some pickle them as they do Olives and they are altogether as pleasant as the Olives That Wood the Portuguez call Pala de cuebra grows there in great abundance It is white inclining to yellow hard and bitter The Indians bruise it and take it in Wine or Water against burning Feavers and the stinging of Serpents 'T is said that for this cure they are beholding to a Creature in size and shape like our Ferrets by them called Quil or Quirpela which they breed for recreation and to catch Rats and Mice this little Beast being a mortal enemy to Serpents never meets with any of them but it sets upon them and being bitten runs immediately to this root which is his present cure Palo d' Aguila by Druggists called Lignum Aloes by the Portuguez Palo d' Aguila and by the Indians Calamba grows in Iava but not in such quantity as in Malacca Sumatra Cambaya and other places The Tree is like the Olive-tree only a little bigger The Wood while green hath no scent but as it dries its odour increases The weightiest and brownest is the best the perfection is known by the Oyl that issues out of it when 't is held to the fire They make Beads of it and the Indians use it to imbellish their Cabinets but the chiefest use of it is for Physick For this Wood beaten to powder and taken in broath or wine fortifies the Stomack stayes vomiting and cures the Pleurisie and bloudy Flux That the Portuguez call Aguila brava or wild Calamba is not so good as the other and the Indians chiefly use it at the Funerals of their Bramans making the fire of it that burns the Corps At Bantam likewise they sell store of Lacque whereof they make Spanish wax and the Varnish they lay over so many excellent works in China Iapan and other places Iava produces of it but the best comes from Pegu where 't is called Tieck and where great and winged Ants get up the trees and suck the Gum which afterwards they lay upon the boughs as Bees do Honey and Wax when the boughs are full the owners cut them setting them to dry in the Sun till the Lacque falls from the boughs then they beat it to powder and give it what colour and form they please The other Drugs gotten in Iava are Pody a mealy kind of substance which they use against Rhume and Wind Carumba or Flors a Root whereof they make Sauces and wherewith they dye their Cotton-clothes Conjuapi is a Wood wherewith they rub their bodies Samparentam is a Root found near Sunda stronger then Ginger and very bitter Pontiou they hold good against Feavers but 't is exceeding dear Gatogamber is a Fruit like an Olive good against the tooth-ach Ganti a Root so like Ginger that the Iavians have given it the same name but 't is dearer and with it they rub their bodies Sasam is Mustard-seed Doringi is a Drug they give Children as soon as they come into the world Galam a Root growing in the water and is very refreshing Tianco a Fruit they beat and take in water as soon as they find themselves ill Maidian Maya and Corossani are intoxicating Drugs they mix in their drinks Spodium is the ashes of a Tree growing near Sunda wherewith they rub their bodies as they do with Sary which is a Flower The Targary Surahan and Sedowaya are Roots for the same use Sambaya is the Fruit the Chineses call Geiduar as big as an Acorn of high price by reason 't is not ordinary and is a sovereign Remedy against Poyson and the biting of Venomous beasts Ialave is like Sambaya and of the same use in Medicine Paravas is a very cooling Hearb but very scarce and very dear Tomonpute is a Root like Galigan used against Inflammations of the Spleen The Conduri which the Iavans call Saga are red Berries spotted with black wherewith they weigh Gold and Silver but are not to be eaten they are so bitter and as some say poysonous There is likewise Azebar the Sycomore the Nux Indica and divers other Trees Plants and Drugs to Europeans some known some unknown but 't would require a peculiar Treatise to name them all and would fill a large Volumn to describe their good and bad qualities The Iavians making their benefit of the Portuguez ingratitude to the Indian Princes who entertain'd them do constantly oppose the establishment of any Strangers in the Isle But the profit ●he Kings of Bantam and Iacatra received by venting their Spices to the English and Duch was so considerable that at last they consented that the people of those two Nations should build a House for such Factors as they should have occasion to leave there and for stowing up the Commodities they traffick'd in The Dutch by treaty with those Kings regulated the Customs of Importation and Exportation but those Articles were so ill kept by the Indian Kings who raised their rates according as they discovered the Strangers necessity of Commerce that the Dutch to avoid this injustice and secure themselves from the violences of the Barbarians by degrees secretly fortified their Quarters at Iacatra and in a short time made it

attracts all the moisture of the Earth lying about it nay its Fruit is so hot that if a Pitcher of Water be set in a Chamber within ten foot of a bag of Cloves they will so suck up the Water that within two or three dayes there shall not be a drop left which that they have done shall not be perceivable any way but by the weight The Inhabitants know this well enough and make their advantages thereof The Chineses have the same experiment in their raw Silks which do attract moysture in the same manner It is commonly affirmed that the Cloves grow only in the Moluccaes but this is said either in regard some comprehend under that name many other Islands near them or that the five we have named yield more then all the rest It is generally granted that they yield every year near six thousand barrels of Cloves allowing five hundred weight and a half to every barrel and it is certain withall that the Islands of Ires Meytarana Cavaly Sabugo Marigoran Gamoconora and Amboyna yield also very considerable quantities especially that of Veranula though they are not so fair as those of the neighbouring Islands In the middest of the Island of Ternate there is one of the highest Mountains in those parts covered all over with Palms and other Trees having at the top a hole so deep that it seems to reach the Center of the Earth Some have had the curiosity to make trial of the depth of it and have found that a Rope of five hundred fathom touched not the bottom but reach'd a fair Spring the water whereof was very clear yet hath there not yet been any that durst venture to taste of it Out of this Mountain there issues a sulphureous smell and by certain intervals a thick smoak and sometimes especially at the two Equinoxes it casts up flames and red Stones with such violence that some are carried not only as far as the City but even into the Islands of Meao and Cafures twenty Leagues distant from Ternate The smoak infects all the circum-ambient Air and the excrements which the Mountain casts forth do so corrupt the Springs and waters of those parts that no use can be made thereof The Mountain is green two third parts of its height but from thence upward it is insupportably cold and there is on the top of it a Spring of fair water but so cold that a man can drink but very little of it without taking breath From the top of it may be seen the Sea and all the Moluccas upon it a man hath a clear and serene Air which is never troubled with Mists or Clouds and there is a Lake of sweet water set about with Trees in which there is a great number of blew and yellow Lizards bigger then a mans arm which sink under the water as soon as any body comes near them There is no difference of Seasons in these Islands nor any certain time for Rain though it rains oftner with the North-west wind then it does with the South There are Serpents there thirty foot long and of a proportionable bigness but they are neither dangerous nor venemous no more then are those of Banda Some affirm that these Creatures not finding any thing to feed upon eat Grass and going to the Sea-side vomit up what they had eaten and by that means draw together a great many Fish which being intoxicated with the chew'd Grass flote upon the Water and so become the prey and food of these Serpents There is in this Island a kind of Beasts they call Cusos that keeps constantly in Trees living on nothing but Fruit. They resemble our Rabbets and have a thick curling and smooth hair between gray and red eyes round and fiery little feet and such strength in the tail that they will hang by it the better to reach the fruits The Forrests are full of wild Birds and except the Parrot there are few domestick at least of those known to us There are Crevisses that come ashore and creep under certain Trees the very shadow whereof is so virulent that no Grass grows near them I know not whether it be from that Tree they contract that venomous quality which lies in one part of them which is so dangerous that it kills in four and twenty hours those that eat it Others there are that resemble Grashoppers and lye in Rocks where they take them by night with fire-light near the tail in a bag they have a lump that is exceeding delicate for which they take them In the Moluccaes there is a certain Wood which laid in the fire burns sparkles and flames yet consumes not and yet a man may rub it to powder betwixt his fingers Near the Fort of Ternate grows a Plant by the Inhabitants call'd Catopa from which there falls a small Leaf the Stalk whereof turns to the Head of a Worm or Butterfly the Strings to the body and feet and the wings are made out of the finer part of the Leaf so as at last there is a compleat Butterfly Tidor is an Island as fruitful as that of Ternate but larger In a Signet of the Kings of this Island in Persian or Arabick Characters it appears this Island was called Tudura not Tidor and they say the word signifies Beauty and Fertility These people have the industry to prune and water the Clove-tree which by this means bears a fruit much fairer and stronger then that which owes its production only to nature The white Sandal-wood that grows here is doubtless the best of all the Indies Here they have Birds by the Inhabitants called Manu codiatas by the Spaniards Paxaros de l' Cielo those we call Birds of Paradise Many take them to have no feet but they are deceived for they that catch them cut off their feet so near the body that the flesh beginning to dry the skin and feathers joyn together so that there scarce remains any scar. The Dutch in Ternate possess the Town of Malaya regularly fortified and not far off the Fort of Taluco In Tidor they have the Fort Marieco In Motir again they have a Fort with Bastions of Stone In Machiam they have made three Forts At Taffaso Tabillola and Guoffiquia and in Bachiam the Fort Bar●eveldt The King of Bachiam owns neither the King of Ternate nor Tidor for Superiour but is himself Soveraign and independent as to any Forreign Power His Territory is great where there grows great store of Sagou so as the Inhabitants subsist with little labour which makes them so idle and lazy that the Kingdom which heretofore was one of the most considerable of the Molucques is so sunk from that grandeur that at present it can hardly raise five hundred fighting men The Isle of Machiam was brought under the jurisdiction of the Dutch by Admiral Paul van Carden in the year 1601. The chiefest of the three Forts they are possessed