a halfe off Croyswicke poynt betweene which and the land called La Collecte he may sayle vnto the bay of Armentyer If ye will goe from the East-side of Belisle with the bay of Armentyer let him conde East and by South till he come to the Abbie of Armentyer beyond which on the coast side standeth a woode then he must sayle East North-east till the same woode open a good way Northwarde from the Abbey then shall hee be cleare of the shoald called the Munkes Ledge Then must hee set Eastwardes towards the rocke called Peter Meyne which you may on both sides saile by assoone as you are past it anker at 6. or 7. fatham for the rest is to be sounded Right ouer against Armentyer poynt standeth Picquelier from whence the course lyeth South and by East to the Island Heys or Hoy vnder which is a dangerous road and onely safe against a South-west and a west South-west winde there is alwaies a great noyse and troublesome whirling These coastes doe yeeld almost the whole yeere wines white linnen cloth Graynes damaske Prunes and Chesse-nuttes which are transported thence to other countries And Nantes is the chiefest mart towne of these parts whither the best Orleans wines are brought downe the riuer of Loyre The Sea Coastes with the Iles of Bretayne betweene Blauet Piequeliers A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF PICQVELIER ROCHELL BROVAGE AND OF THE Islandes rockes and shoaldes adioyning euen as farre as Garunne the riuer of Bordeaux FIrst if you will sayle from Heys to the Kellyats shape your course E and by S. and E S E vntil you are past the rocke called Le Baer d'Olone which you may sayle round about Then may you hale along the coast of Poitou leauing two third parts of the water towardes the Isle of S. Martyns vntill Vrcke come without the point of the Downes and then may you see a little Tower and a woode in the land of Bos keepe that tower so long shut vp in the wood vntill the steeple in the coast of Poitou which is called the Leper doe come ouer against Vrcke which you must so hold vntill Rochell appeare without Bos poynt then haue you passed the Lauerdine And then may you sayle forth thorough Porthuis or els cast anker vnder the coast of Bos at 6. or 7. fatham The markes of Lauerdine are these If you will anker vnder the Bos keepe Rochell from Bos a ships length so you shall be cleare of the Lauerdine But if you wil anker vnder the Abbey of S. Martynes Island keepe the Abbey right without the sandy poynt of the sayd Island and hold on your course into the sandy bay Eastward of the Abbey and so shall you escape the shoaldes of Lauerdine for there is the roade for ships that are bound outward Porthuis is wide and broade and stretcheth inward East South east Brant or Burning Island standeth from S. Martynes three dutch miles S E and by East from whence you may sayle to the Easterne shoaldes called Oesterbanke South South-east keepe the little Tower of Hers on the west side of the wood vntill the red round tilde house which standeth ou the South side of the riuer Charante be one with the steeple called Le Four Then sayle East Southeast and South East and by East vntill Soubyse be ioyned to the gray village called Graue Dorpe that standeth on the shore side the little steeple of Hers wil shew it selfe right on the East-side of the Valley which is in Hers woode goe then by the markes South Southeast keeping both the little steeple which is in the Valley on the East-side thereof and the East little steeple of Hers in the white sandy place And these are the true markes of the channell of Brouage inwardes and outwardes vnto the Easterne flattes called Oesterbanke and when the red round house couered with Slates appeareth beyond the broad tower of Vere then are you past out of Brouage channell Now if you will crosse ouer to Brant Island bring not Rochell tower out of the Isle vntill you come neare the Island because of the shoald called the Baniaert which stretcheth downe by the Isle Oleron and is seene at lowe water And the roade vnder Brantysle is where you may anker to heaue out your ballast in 12. or 13. fatham If you wil enter the riuer of Bordeaux called Garunne keep the steeple of Cordam in your sight East South-east or somewhat more Easterly On the other side of the riuer standeth an high redde Downe which you must bring Northeast from you vntil you come neare the Downe which lyeth Northward then coast along that side vntill you haue entered the riuer on the North side anker then before Royan at 6. or 7. fatham all the rest is to be sounded The North-side of the riuer hath redde Downes and somewhat high without trees Three or foure leagues from the riuer side are low Downs where grow some trees and woodes In these coastes is great trade of bay salt and wine all the whole yeare great plenty whereof is transported from thence to diuers countries But Rochell is the ehiefcst towne of traffique there aboutes THE SEA COASTES of the landes of Poyctou and Bordeaux euē as they shew and appeare when you sayle there alongst betweene Picquelier the Riuer of Bordeaux called the Garonne * A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ACASON AND BAYON AND OF THE Eastern part of Biscay vnto Castro ABout 18. leagues Southward of the riuer of Bourdeaux is a porte called Acason at the entrie wherof are two great rockes but on the North side it is broadest shunne the inner point of the Porte because it is full of rocks In the very entry you haue 5. fatham water but Northward it is deeper and faire ground and contrariwise towardes the South lie many perillous rockes whereof it behoueth you to be heedefull you may sayle in at this hauen betweene the maine land and the rocke amiddest the channell Foureteen leagues Southward from Acason lieth the hauen of Bayon whose entrie is wide and broade Set the tower at the North poynt or cape of the land and so sayle betweene the rockes and the cape vntill you come into the hauen where you may anker within the point before the towne at 4. or 5. fatham water From thence the course is Southward to S. Iohn de Lux three leagues within the rockes which stretch inwards Southeast and Southeast and by South where standeth a hill like a saddle bearing Southeast from you The towne lyeth in a great bay and so doth Fuenterabie vpon a fresh water riuer Passai beareth 5. leagues from S. Iohn de Lux west Northwest From thence you goe westward two leagues to the port of Otera which stretcheth inwards South Southeast and there haue you in the entrie 3. fatham water but when you are within it is wide and broad and the hauen is bard Foure leagues westwarde of Otera lieth Bilbao streching
the channell vnto the Island Roxo and there anker where you please But on the Southside are 2. or 3. bayes where is good anker holde If you will go to Puente Vedra set in on the Southside of the Isle Blidedones which is a very flat land lying in lēgth East north east about two dutch leagues then shall you come to a little Island in the middest of the Hauen which you shall leaue on the Larboorde To the Southward of it you may perceaue a towre on the mayne lande before which you must sayle and anker at 7. or 8. fatham Foure dutch leagues from Puente vedra lie the Islandes of Bayon which to such as come out of the sea shew like gray rockes or cliffes If you will go in at the North-side your course lieth in midde water betweene these Islandes and the mayne lande vntill the channell of Cannas or Cangas and Vigo be opened vnto you then go Eastwarde in The Hauen is fayre and large you may ride on both sides either before Vigo or Cangas and may likewise go farther in beyonde the South poynte to Rondello where both shippe and lading may be salfe in the Oase without cable or anker But if you will sayle in by the south Island of Bayone your course lieth in the middest of the channell between the sayd Island and the mayne land vntill you are cleare of the poynt of Bayon Then set towards the East poynt of Boyon wherevpon standeth a castle afterwards turne southwarde behinde the Castle to the cittie where you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham You may also crosse ouer thence to Vigo betwixt the poynte and the Islande or Rocke that lieth in the other side of the hauen at 3. or 4. fatham But if you will sayle from the southermost Islande to Vigo or Cangas holde on two leagues Northeast vntill you may see thorough between the mayne and the North Island and that the cittie of Cangas appeare without the corner which is on the North side of the hauen Then ariseth a low point on the starboord side holde on in the middest of the channell between the sayd point the North land where you may anker in what place you please both on the Southside before Vigo and on the North side before Cangas in 12. or 13. fatham These countries and portes yeld great aboundance of Orenges Chestnuts and very small wines And thither is carried great quantitie of Corne to the great benefit and behoofe of many Marchaunts and Marriners A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF Galicia beginning from Cap de finisterre Vnto Camino Dōne According Vnto the true Situation appearing Thereof * 1588 * A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COSTES OF THE NORTH PART of Portugale viz. from Viana to cape de Montego ABout three dutch leagues to the Southward of Bayone standeth a monastery vpon the strand Fiue Dutch leagues from hence is the riuer of Viana called Rio de Lymas at the entry wherof lyeth a notable ledge of rocks That you may goe cleare of the same hold on still Southward vntill the two fire or watch Towers which stand vpon South-land be brought in one For by these markes you may hale along the shoare in 4. or 5. fatham vntill the two houses and the little steeple which you see vpon the Northside of the land be brought together Then hold on so alongest the shoare on the East side of the rocke whereon standeth a mast vntil the riuer lie open before you Then saile inwards on the South side of the second rocke whereon also standeth a maste Then crossing vp Northward to Viana anker at 7. or 8. fatham In the very entrie lieth a barre whereon is two fatham water Fiue Dutch leagues South of Viana standeth Villa del Conde and at the entrie of that hauen are many rockes rounde about which you may safely passe in 5. or 6. fatham depth Farther inward lieth a barre or a shoald thwarting all the mouth of the hauen and hath 2. fatham water the deepest place in all the hauen is not aboue 3. or 4. fatham but the best depth is to the Southward It is a bard hauen and in the North part full of rockes and sandes Three leagues Southward of Villa del Conde lie the great high rockes of Lesons halfe a league to the Northward of the riuer of Port de Port called Rio Duero betwixt which rockes and the mayne you may saile in on both sides and there ride at 6. or 7. fatham for the ground is very good for ankering There lieth a rocke vnder water halfe a league Southwest of the west corner of the said rocks The porte of Metellyn lieth within the foresaid high rockes being a bard hauen of 2. fatham A league Southward of Lesons rockes lieth the Riuer Port de Port. into which you must hale on the Northside keeping all the rockes Northward of the riuer and saile along the South shoare East and by North vntill you are cleare of the rocke whereon standeth a crosse then fare you forward in the middest of the riuer to the citie Port de port Inwardes it is 10. or 12. fatham but the entrie is onely 3. or 4. fatham deepe at halfe floud You may enter likewise on the South side along the shoare where at high water there is 3. fatham From Port de port to Aueiro is 8. leagues all the coast alongst the shoare is downes About the mouth of Aueiro are ragged downes and may hale along the strand at 10. or 12. fatham when the high blacke hill within the land beareth East and by South from you then are you in the entrie and right before Aueiro riuer when you are come in 6. or 7. fatham water you shall see three mastes standing vpon the shoare which you must keepe togither bearing inwardes East and by South and East South east vntill you come neare the shoare where these mastes stand by the sand bancks Then set Northward and holding on neare the North shoare leaue all the flattes on the starreboord vntill you haue the riuer open before you Then turne in againe East South east vp to Aueiro in the middest of the channell betwene both the coasts At the entrance vpon the shoald at halfe floud you haue but 2. fatham vntill you are within it where you haue 5. or 6. fatham depth Fiue Dutch leagues Southward of Aueiro beareth the Cape de Montego and a eague to the Southward of that Cape lieth the bard hauen Pisage halfe a league to the westward from thence in the sea lieth a bancke conteining 6. fatham water vnder which you may ride at 12. or 13. fatham Vnder the Burlynges which are pourtraied in the next Table you may cast anker at 10. fatham right against the Hermitage where you haue very faire ground These countries yeeld store of wines Oringes Oyle and Oliues and much good Salte is carried from Aueiro But the citie of port de port is the chiefest Towne of traffique in all these
coastes THE SEA COASTES OF Portugal betwene Camino Montego eueÌ„ as the Countrie there aboutes is lying and situated with all the hauens thereof Exactly doÌ„ne and corected with great dilligence A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF THE MOST notable part of Portugall viz. from the Burlinges to beyond Sainct Vues THe Cape of Roxent beareth 12. leagues South and by East and South south-east from the Burlings About a league to the Eastward of Roxent lieth the Roade called Cascals where against a North wind you may anker at 10. or 12. fatham If you wil from Cascals into the riuer of Lysbone hale along the north shore bearing a loofe from the first blacke poynte about a cables length Then go towards S. Gyles poynt a quarter of a Cables length of it but take heed you enter not in a calme and a low ebbe because the tide setteth strongly vpon the northern shoalde called the north Malechopos or Katchupps when you are within S. Gyles beare alongest the North shoare vntil you are past the castell called Restiers or Rastels and anker at 12. or 13. fatham before the Towne called Bolin But if you will sayle in the channell called the Craeck deepe or great deepe of Lisbone set the west poynt of Roxent right against Cas-cals vntill the abbey which standeth vpon the hill westward of Restiers aunswereth to the little tower which beareth Northwardes vpon the land Then goe so towardes the Abbey of S. Katherynes almost North-east and North-east and by East vntill on your Larbord side you haue two third partes of the riuer Continue then your course towards Restiers vntill you are past the castell where you may anker at your pleasure But if through the Craicke deepe you will turne in or out vpon a board bring the said little Tower two mastes length westward and the like distance to the northward of the sayd Abbey and euery time when you haue brought your markes after this sort turne the shippe vntill you come to S. Katherynes bay But if you will set towardes the Bankes of S. Vues or S. Toous keepe the first poynt lying to the westward of Zizembre a shippes length without the point that beareth Eastward of it vntill you see a white house appeare ouer agaynst the castell that standes on the shoare Then may you discouer the castell of Palmedo in a great valley keepe these markes after this maner and goe North Northeast and North-east and by North vntill you are past the aforesayde castell on the shoare And from thence hale along that shoare at a cables length to S. Vues In the banks of S. Vues lie 7. shoaldes or barres which at full sea haue 4. fatham water On the South-side these bankes are drie and doe for the moste part shewe aboue water The entrie along the South coastes is onely for Barks and small vessels anker neare the citie of S. Vues at 6. or 7. fatham In this part of Portugall is so great trade and varietie of traffique that it is hardly to be matched in all Europe For there is great plentie of all kinde of spices suger siluer golde wine oyle salt Iuory cochenille brasill and innumerable other kinds of marchandises that are brought thither out of the Indies and from thence transported and dispersed throughout all Europe THE SEA MAPPE OF Pâ—â—â—ugal wherein are situated the most famous marâ— towne of Lisbone St vues with their Riuers and coastes as they show when you saiell vp and downe them A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ALGARBES the Southern part of Portugall AT the Cape of S. Vincent you haue salfe harborow for a North and Northwest winde Two leagues from Lagos lieth a great rock vnder water and a great league Southward from Villa Noua whether if yee will goe bring the tower and the mast standing vpon the East land togither and holde alonge the shoare vntil you are past the tower then beare in Northward till you come before the citie of Villa Noua where on the South side you haue a great drie bancke at the entrie or mouth is onely 2. fatham water at half floud and the north side is ful of bancks and shoaldes About 6. leagues Eastward beareth the citie Faraon where vpon the shoare standeth a light tower from the corner whereof lieth out a banck which you must auoyd Go in on the East side setting the tower on the Larbord the shoare of Tauilas on the starrebord side Foure leagues Northward of Faraon lieth Tauilas the entrance is crooked and full of shoalds which you must passe by obseruyng the shoare markes beacons and other signes before you may enter At halfe floud you haue there not aboue 10. or 12. foote depth euery yere the channell shifteth Foure leagues from thence Northward lieth Aimont a good hauen and you may beare right in from the sea or may enter by the Eastside hard abord the shoare within it is wide and broade you may turne to Castro-Marin or Aimont where you may anker at 5. or 6. fatham as you shall thinke best Fiue leagues further Eastward you haue the channell of L'epe which doth chaunge almost euery yeare Two leagues Eastward from thence lieth the entrie of S. Michael where you may come directly in from the sea then from S. Michaels with litle barkes you may passe the shoaldes to L'epe or Cartaya where you may take in the good Bastard wine These Hauens doe yeeld figges oyle corke and wines there is also great store of fish taken at Lagos which is carried thorough the straightes of Gibraltar sold and distributed among the most part of the townes of the Leuant A Description of the Sea Coastes of the land of Algarbe and a parte of the Condado with their shew opening A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES AND HAVENS OF ANDALVZIA SAltees beareth 4. leagues Eastward from S. Michaell you may saile by it to the great Condado and may goe in by the west entrance and keepe Guelua which we call the Vuoolfe ouer the Easterne point of the hauen bearing inwardes to Saltees But if you will enter by the land side then must you beare in with the west ende of the white cliffe hale then a cables length off alongest the shoare by the great tree that standeth westward of the cliffe keepyng still the point of the hauen right ouer against the Tower of Odier vntill you are cleare of the Island Then set Northward to Palos where you may anker at 5. or 6. fatham Saltees lieth 8. leagues from Chipiona South-east you may heere enter the riuer of S. Lucar de Barrameda called Guadalgueuir two cables length from the shoare and when you are cleare of the second shoalde giue it a birth of the South shoare vntill the Abbey and the great tree are one then holde on to S. Lucyfers Church commonly called S. Lucar de Barrameda To get the true depth and channell of the riuer set the said great tree right ouer the East-end
At the west side of this shoald is the channell of VVelles which hath also Buyes in the entry Burnam standeth 4. leagues westward of vvelles where is shallaw water and the flats stretch farre into the sea Burnam channell lieth inwardes by the shoare and hath on the Larbord side as you enter certeine Beacons To the westward lieth an other roade or channell of 3. fatham depth called burneham pits about 3. leagues thence to seawardes you haue but 2. fatham water If you will set towardes Linne goe hard vnder S. Edmunds Chapell leauing the shoalde called the Suncke which lyeth aboue water a seabord of you then holde on your course South and by west to the first Buy that lieth in the entrie of Linne The commodities and traffique that these coastes yeeld is wooll Cloth and in some places wheate Barley Malte Beere Herringes and Sprattes In exchaunge whereof much Salt Fish and Linnen Clothe is brought thither and vented especially at Linne The Sea Coastes of Swedeland about the coastes of Westerwijck and the entraūce of Stockholm Beginning from Kalmar vnto the Wigstone and the Redde Kewe the which lye wtin the sayde entraunce of Stockholme All truelie done inuented by Lucas Janss Wagenaer AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE COASTES AND CHANNELS OF Linne Hull Filey Scarborough with the shoalds and banckes adioyning IF you will saile from Welles to the hauen of Lynne keepe the high flat tower betweene the two other high towers then are you in the right way to Lynne VVhen S. Edmunds Chapell beareth East from you and the trees that stand vppon the innermost point doe come on the west ende of the Chapell then shape your course in Southeast and Southeast and by South towardes the first buy for now are you entered the Easterne channell of Lynne from thence hold South south-west and South and by west to the first Beacon from thence to the second South Southwest and so forth vnto the third Southwest and by South Then your course lieth by two buyes Southwest and Southwest and by South till you be within the point of the Land from whence you may conde betweene the shoaldes to the west entrie or channell and out againe by the Buyes and eye markes This channell lyeth to the seawardes Northeast and Northeast and by East But if you will enter Bostons channell set towardes the coast of Skegnesse beare in hard abord the shore and you shal be cleare of the shoald called the Drosing or Ellen-knocke when you haue brought the three trees Southward of Somcall or of the sharpe steeple then Ellen-knocke standeth so seawardes from you And then may you beare vp alongest the coast of Leake in 3. fatham water into the riuer of Bostone But you may returne backe agayne to sea betweene Ellen-knock and long sand in 3. fatham water East North-East And if you will enter the channell of Humber hale in alongest the Northerne poynt of Sprunhead because the Southside is flat and full of shoaldes but beeing entred a little way borrow of the other side of the riuer towardes Grymsbie within the shoald where you may ride in 6. or 7. fatham But if you will goe farther in vp to Hull keepe on west northwest alongst by the Southside to the furthermost ende of the shoalde then turne Northward into the riuer where after you are entered you must hold west Southwest and west and by South Bridlingstone is scituate in a bay where is safe harborough for a North and a Northwest winde Three leagues to the Northward of Flamburgh lieth the bay of Filey where you may safely anker for a North Northeast winde betweene the Peere and Filey bridge which is a rocke that lyeth vnder water at a spring tide Scarbrough beareth two leagues northward of Filay and hath two peeres wherein you may cast anker and lie on the sand at low water The traffique of these partes is Barly Malte wheate and course Cloathes A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES of England Betweene Burnam Scarborough as that land and coast lyeth appeareth A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHERMOST COASTES OF ENGLAND WHERE THE RIuer of Newcastle is the chiefest hauen FRom Scarborough to Whitby you haue 4. leagues North west and by west the Hauen or Riuer is barde Southwardes of the Hauen stretcheth out a Shoalde half a league into the Sea If you will sayle to VVhitby beare in between two beakons till you come between two landes where you shall finde it somewhat shallow Hertlepole lieth from VVhitby 7. leagues westwarde thereof is a great Bay or Riuer called the Teis It is a very fayre Hauen and stretcheth inwardes to the west southwest In the very middest of it you haue 30. fatham water but farther inwardes before Sockton not aboue 4. fatham The Cape or point of Sonderland lieth seuen leagues northward from Hartlepole Two leagues from thence more Northward is the castle of Tinmouth on the Southside of it is the mouth of the Riuer of Nevvcastell The markes to enter are when two watche Towers and the wood are brought in one by these marks you may saile in and out vntill you come before the Towne where you haue 3. fatham and a halfe But in the entrie only 2. fatham at halfe flood Cocket Islande is 7. leagues from Tinmouth North North west which you may sayle rounde aboute and may cast Anker salfely at 4. or 5. fatham In these Coastes and specially at Nevvcastle is merueilous great traffique for sea Coles which are transported thence to other Countries It doth yeald also Barley wheate Malte and course Clothes THE CARDE OF the North coaste of England from Whitbye vnto Coket I le A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Bambourgh and Aberdyne HOlley Islande beareth 4. leagues North North west from Coket Isle and hath in the South-side therof a Bay wherin is salfe roade at 3. or 4. fatham but best riding is before the castle Betweene the west poynt of the Staples and Holy Islande are 2. Rockes one opposite to another called the Plough and the Goldstone Bring Dunstabourgh one with Bambourgh and so saile out betwixt them Barvvick lieth from thence fiue leagues west northwest if you will enter the hauen set the two Beacons on your starboord and so holde on to the citie from thence fiue leagues North northwest lieth S. Tabbes head The Isle of Basse is foure leagues distant from S. Tabbes head west northwest whither from the farthermost poynt of the Staples you haue 6. leagues Northwest From S. Tabbes head to May Island foure leagues northwest and north west and by north From May to Fisnes one league Northeast and by east Basse beareth South west south west and by south from May two great leagues and but one from the westerne shore Brant Island standeth to the westward and west by northward of Bass three leagues by the south side of which you may sayle Three leagues westward of Brant Isle lieth Edenbrough the chiefest mart of all
to the North Buy The eye marke of the other Buy is when the broad tower seemeth to be a shippes length off from the great Church of Coppen hauen The third Buyes marke is when the broade and picked towers are one But the marke of the Buy in Casperkine is when the sharpe tower commeth ouer against Coppen hauen castell All the traffique of these coastes dependeth most of Mault Barley Nuttes and store of some kinde of Tallow and Fatt the Herring season there is now little worth which heretofore hath bene very great The Sea Mappe of the Sond the most famous part of whole Dennemarcke euē as it appeareth on both the sides when you sayle amiddes through the Channell from Waersbergē unto Falsterboē Where the Easterne Sea beginneth AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF BLECSIDE AND CALMERSOVNDE lyinge at the entrance of Swethlande IN the Erthholmes there is a Hauen of 4. fatham depth If you will set out from Santvvicke in Bornholmes towardes Ahuys shape your course North and by west towards Hano Hano is a rounde Islande and hath rounde about it good grounde for ankeringe From thence holde on North north west to Ahuys which lieth by a litle Riuer Their comodities and trade is Maulte Barlie and all kinde of grosse wares viz. Pitche Tarre Tallowe Hides c. If you will from the East ende of Borneholme to Kalmer sayle from Borneholme North north east towards the Rocke which lieth from thence 14. leagues then holde on to Kalmer first to the North-warde and North and by west-ward but beyng cleare of the Riffe or shoald called Suydernorte Calmersounde stretcheth inwardes North and by East vp to Kalmer vntill you are cleare of the straight passages of the Rockes which lie before the towne And from thence plie to the hil called Svveets Yunckfrovv north north east and North and by East Suydernorte beareth towardes the west poynte of Oclande From whence stretcheth a fowle rockie banke or riffe South and by west a league and a halfe out into the Sea and in the fayre way by the South-side of Oclande you haue 28. or 31. fatham water about 3. leagues from lande The Isle of Oclande is longe and narrow and hath 18. flat towers The trade of Calmer and the countries adioyning is Tarre of Svvedelande all kinde of Fells and Skinnes of wilde beastes Salt Hides Goates skinnes grosse wares and some Brasse and Iron The Sea Coastes of part of Denmarke and Swedeland from Vuytste to Calmer A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF WESTERWICK ABOVT THE mount of the Swethish Yunck-frow the beginning of the rocks called the Schares of Swedeland THe mount called Sweetse Yunck-frow or young mayden beareth 8. leagues from Calmer N. N. E. and North by East and Silbuy is the first hauen within the Schares from whence you may set betweene the Schares to VVestervvike Flerbuy and schelsheuer for your way is fayre The entries of Stockholme lie 18. leagues from Svveetse yunckfrovv North north-east and the coast of Stockholme turneth vp East The entries stretch inwardes first North-east and by north and after North north-east to Durhauen setting the rocke called VVigsteen on the Larbord side and the middle steene on the starborde The rocke which is called the redd Cowe lieth two leagues within the entries And the entries of Stockholme lie inwardes from Durhauen for the most part North west Northwest and by west North and by VVest to VViexholme within the Schares of VVestervvicke is euery where good anker hold in 16. or 20. fatham The foresayd hauens are subiect to the king of Svvedelande and in a short time are growen so welthie that now there is great traffique of all kinde of commodities viz. of Tarre Barley Mault diuers sortes of skinnes and other marchaundizes besides grosse wares and nuttes but chiefly Iron and Brasse The famous Isle of Gothland part of the dominion of the king of Denmarke lieth vpon the coastes of vvestervvicke or Svvedelande and is about 10. or 12. leagues off the shoare The notablest port thereof is VVisbuy a citie in time past the marte for many countries and much haunted by reason of the intercourse of factors where al lawes concerning seafaring and sea rights were established and ordeined but the Islande beeing impouerished and vtterly destroied by cruel wars at this day liueth by husbandry Notwithstanding there is still some traffique of Pitch and Tarre It conteineth in length eighteene leagues and in breadth fiue hath eighteene villages with speare steeples It tooke name of the Gothes which did once inhabite it The Sea Coastes of Swedeland about the coastes of Westerwijck and the entraūce of Stockholm Beginning from Kalmar vnto the Wigstone and the Redde Kowe the which I lye with in the sayde entraunce of Stockholme All truelie done inuented by Lucas Janss Wagenaer A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEEN Weiburghe and the Narue the farthest partes of the Belt vvith their situations and commodities THe Isle of Somer beareth 9. leagues from Hogelande Northeast more Easterly But your course from Hoglande to the Island called Putsfager lieth Northwest by north From thence you may sayle within the Schares of Svvedeland where you list From Putsfager set toward Somer East and East and by South and from Somer towardes the Island called Red Hell North east and north east and by north you haue two Rockes on the Larborde in the very channell called the Eastern and western Fishers From Red Hell to Tralesande it is counted 2. leagues almost Northeast from whence you must goe crossynge northeasterly in and out from Beaken to Beaken till you come to VVeyburgh where the Eastern sea endeth The Isle of Somer lieth neare the coast of Rusland hauyng right agaynst it the Schares of East Finland The Narue beareth 10. leagues from Somer South east leaue the Isle Tutters on the starre-borde side when you come neare the Narue you shal descerne a Maste with a Barrell on it vpon the strand keepe that right ouer the woodden castle and holde so alongst the shore into the riuer of Narue The Narue is knowen by the rounde hilles Southward of the Roade and you haue from thence vnto Eackholme 14. leagues northward About the North and North and by Eastward of Telsbourgh lie the Rockes of the greater and lesser Hooft or head about which are many shoaldes which you must avoyde The lymie shoald or kalke grounde of 2. or 3. fathā depth stretcheth downe into the sea from the greater Hooft almost to Eackholme Vnder Eackholme you haue harborough and cleare grounde on euery side Lyfeland shoare all alongst vp to Narue hath no rocks at all North west and by west of Hogelande lieth a rocke vnder water aboute 3. leagues of the shoare in 2. fatham In these partes of Rusland and svvedeland in times past none might traffique but those of Lubek wherby they became very wealthie For there are riche and costly marchandises viz. All kinde of Skinnes Furres Hemp Flax Tallowe wheate Rie and such like THE
haue you the right course The Riff or sand of Lesow hath 8. or 9. fatham water in the channell but the shifting shoaldes haue but 2. or 2. and a halfe The Cape of Denmarke called the Schaghen or Scaw lieth six leagues North and by East from thence The traffiques of these countries are manifold viz. Suet Fatt and all kinde of Tallow and other marchandises as Filbeards Barley Mault Wheate Rie and such like A CARDE of the Beldt with all the Sea coastes Bounds and Site of the countries called Laland vnto Steuens head A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE VTTERMOST COASTE OF JVTLAND that stretcheth out with a point towardes the farthest partes of the North sea opposite to Norway IF you will sayle from Schagen called the Scaw towardes Sebuy your right course lieth six leagues South and by west Southwardes of it are dangerous scattering shoaldes or sandes in 2. 3. or 4. fatham but in the channell you haue 5. or 6. fatham water The broade tower of Hals beareth from Sebuy fiue leagues South southwest and South and by west on the east side whereof is the deepe of Aelburgh In the entry are two Buyes and the Tower called Hals standeth on the Northside thereof Aelburgh lieth three leagues from the deepe vp the riuer Two leagues Eastward of the deepe is a shoalde called Svveteryn of 6. or 7. fatham depth which you must strike ouer sayling into the Belt for in the Channell you haue 10. or 11. fatham water The Isle of Leson is all round about flat and shallow a good league into the sea conteyning but 3. fatham water but on the Southside the like depth reacheth into the Sea two leagues and it is beeset with bankes of 2. or 3. fatham depth But from the South coast where standeth a Church stretcheth out a riffe toward the East two great leagues into the sea within which you may anker in 6. or 7. fatham for a South southeast winde There lieth out also from the Northside a riffe a league into the sea Tryndell beareth from hence three little leagues to the seaward Northeast and hath a shoald an aker and a halfe large and is scarce foure foote deepe neare to the Northeast part therof lieth alwaies a buy least the ships which come from Schagen should strike vpon it The lesser Helmen beareth from Schagen foure leagues South southwest you may sayle rounde about it for there is no danger it is 5. fatham deepe Trindell lieth from Schagen six leagues Southeast somewhat easterly If you come by night about Schagen to sayle into the Sound bryng the watch fier or the fier beakon it self Southwest by west from you before you set South eastwards for then standeth the fier beakon in the middest of the east towne and you are farre inough beyonde the Riff or poynt of Schagen which are the surest markes by night But if you come out of the Sound by night set the fier beakon south south west from you before you turne about Schagen Riff vp towardes Hartshals when the watch fier beareth South southwest from you you may perceaue the watch beakon fiue foote distant Eastwards of the easterne towne which are most certayne markes to goe cleare of Schagen But if you will by night passe by Schagen with an Easterly winde take heede of the streame or currant of the Belt for you may easely be carried vnder Norvvay where there is a deep which you must carefully looke too Aelburg is the chiefest towne of traffique of this countrie from whence is transported stoare of Barley and Mault besides some Hides Tallow and such like thinges The outtermost coast towards the northern sea hath a hard and dangerous shoare whereof it standeth you greatly vpon to beware for many shippes do there perish because there be no Hauens nor Roades A Description of the outtermost coastes of Jutland both of the Belt side of the North Sea side as they are situated between Aelburger Diep or hauen and Rijncopen A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF OF THE SEA COASTS OF JVTLAND CALLED Yotland and of the hauens streames riuers and Islandes therevnto belonging THere runneth in by Bouenbergen a litle creeke about 2. fatham deep at halfe floud if you will goe in there tary your tide and then holde straight into the hauen as the charte sheweth you and when you are within the poynt cast anker where you haue 3. fatham at full sea for within it is shallow and most commonly dry If you will enter the creeke of Numit or Rincopen and being come as farre as the shoald of Reef-horne in 3. fatham depth turne vp Northeast and by North vntill you perceaue Blevvberch on your starrebord which lieth about two leagues Southerly from the sayd creeke and on the sande side of the entrie are two white Downes When you haue brought Blevvberch East Southeast bothe the white Downes are hidden almost Northeast from you beare boldly with the Downes almost hard abord the shoare and then shall you see the land markes vpon the North coast which when they shall be open before you tenne foote distance one from another hale alongst the shoare in 2. fatham water if you list with your Lead But when you are past the two Downes turne ouer towardes the two land markes and ride within by the North shoare in 3. or 4. fatham The entrie neere the Iap stretcheth inwardes Northeast and by North and North Northeast Right ouer against the North side of the white Downe standeth a broad Tower which you must keepe so vntill the land markes be one then by those markes runne alongest the Iap in it stretcheth most North North-east inwards vntill you are past the land marks if you will go farther in stay for a low water that you may perceiue how the drie Shoaldes and sandes lye on both sides for the channell is crooked and must be sounded Rincopen lieth inwardes about three leagues and there is eight leagues distance betwixt Numit and Sursuyt If you will sayle towardes Sursuyt or Scelinckeroog comming from the North ouer the shoald called Reef-horne in 3. fatham or thereaboutes you must conde alongst the South side of this shoald in 6. or 7. fatham water vntill you see the land on the Larbord you shall perceiue a gray Downe called Doodbergh holde alongst the land which is a low sand stretching from the East to the Westward in 3. fatham depth vntill you are come to the farthest end of the sand Then turne vp Westward and being within the sandes poynt anker in 3. fatham water or more There lyeth also a riuer or creeke ouerright the corner or poynt of this sand where a Boyer may enter in Here is the chiefe place of fishing of all Iutland where a ship without eyther cable or anker may be saued in time of neede From thence beareth Graevv diep three leagues South Southeast In the entrie you haue at halfe floud 2½ fatham Northward of the entrance is a poynt neere which you may
Dolphins in the deep thee th'azured whole skulls Of Proteus pasture reuerence Matuta the Sea-queene Yeelds thee vp her Regiment Lady Doris stoopes lo thy handmayd Neptunes Musicien studieth with his horne to delight thee VVhiles thou a more certein searcher then Cola the straunge-fish Searchest out th'entries scant known to the Meyny o fishes And openest th'hidden secreats of th' old Lady Tethys VVhat profit in searching darke realms sited vnder horizon And Rocks condemned to be pincht with a frost neuer ending Or to go with Magelan to the South sea passages vtmost VVhat profit in Styx lake I le none of your Argos auenturs VVestern discouerers t is enough for mee t' haue a corner In this swift carauell to behold these Tables in order And learne how Northern Nereus hath spred many braunches And what in our regiōs th'heights are who knows whither oneday This Lukes discouerie shall rayze those Riphean hil-topps Where the Hyperborean long-liud people are to be found out Though thither yet no star nor lead hath led any Spaignard A NOTE OF CERTEIN WONDERFVL and most dangerous places in the Sea which Wagenar hath set downe in his Epistle to the Prince of Orenge AMonge the merueilous workes that the Almighty God hath created both vppon and in the Sea by and alongst all coastes besides all other dangers whervnto the sea-faryng men are subiect as tempests stormes windes sandes rockes c there are certeine places where the waues and flouds do so encounter each other and engoulph them-selues with such violence and swiftnesse that many shippes men and goods haue been cast away er they were ware of them The principall most perillous of all is the Maelstreame well or Slorp called the Mouskstream which lieth on the back side of Norvvay in 68. degrees on the North-side of an Island or Rock called VVeeray This well draweth the water vnto it selfe duryng the whole floud which is the space of sixe howers and .xij. minuts with such an indraught and force and with such a noyse thorow the tombling falling of the waues and streames the one vppon the other that it is rather to wonder at then to write of So that during that time with in the space of more then two leagues rounde about that Rock of Mousk vnder which that water floweth no ship or other vessell may come neare for they should to their vtter destruction be drawen into it swallowed vp But all the time of the Ebbe the water is so strongly cast vp agayne that no kinde of substance or mettell how heauy so euer it bee can there sincke So that the Northren Fishers at that time do with their Iollen or fishing boates take many and strange formed fishes which they draw vnto their boates with hookes lines which they haue ready layde for that purpose for that during the ebbe they cannot returne into the goulphe nor get vnder the water by any meanes The Northren people that inhabite about those Rockes do thinke that that streame passeth away vnderneath a parte of Norvvay vnto the North bottom in East Finland because in that place there is likewise such a Maelstream though not algether so strong nor daungerous where the like fishes are taken and the water is in like sorte troublesom as it is vnderneath and aboute the Rock of Mousk VVheruppon many experimented Pilots do call the sayd Slorp the Nauell of the sea which causeth the course of the Ebbes and Flouds about al the lands that are on this Northside of the Equinoctiall as the most conuement place for that purpose to spreade the waters South North East and west that is to say Northerly towardes the Pole Artick South easterly on the backside of Russia and Tartarie towardes the streict of the great South-sea called Mar del Sur wherin the Spicerie Islands called the Moluccas neare the Equinoctiall are liyng Southwards towards the North-sea of these Lowe countries as also on the backside of Scotland and Ireland towards the Spanish and Atlantick seas And towards the Northwest beyonde Izland towardes Furbushers streicts where it is thought the way vnto Catay may be found There are more ouer to be feared vpon the western seas very dangerous streames and goulphs as is the Ras of Portland where oft times happeneth such a turnyng and tombling of waues and streames that the Ships which passe that way are many times in great perill Moreouer the Ras of Blancquert between Normandie and the Isle of Alderney roreth and rageth so dangerously that many ships fal therin hedlong so deep that soddenly they are swalowed vp and sunck vnto the very bottom The Ras of Founteney is more daungerous then all these wherin many smale vessels barks of Britteny of other countries are suddenly deuoured and cast away And the entrance of the Garronne called the Riuer of Bourdeaux between the to w rs of Cordam and the Southern Northern Asses is likewise very perilous and many ships do often perish there if the Pilots be not skilfull well acqueinted with the place And these be the most daungerous goulphs and streames in the northern and western seas wherof it behoueth the seafaryng man to take speciall heede ⧠A TABLE OF THE SEVERAL CHAPTERS DESCRIPTIONS AND CHARTS OF THE FIRST parte of this Mariners Mirrour OF the vse and practise of these bookes Page 1 Of the speciall propertie of the sea Page 2 An exhortation to the apprentizes of the art of Nauigation Page 3 A table of the golden number and of the Epacts Page 4 How to finde the Epact without an Almenack Page 4 How to finde the new Moone from 1588. to 1600 Page 4 A table for the new Moones for the Meridian of London Page 5 A way to finde out the new Moone without either Callender or Ephemerides Page 6 Of the declination of the Sunne the vse therof Page 6 Of the vse of the Table for the Sunnes declina Page 7 The 4. tables for the Sunnes declination Page 8 To finde out the new Moone and the age of the Moone at all times accordyng to the auncient computation without either Kalender or Ephemerides Page 9 Of the fixed Starres and their vse Page 11 A Catalogue of the chief fixed starres Page 12 A table of the right assentions of the Sunne to finde out the howers of the night by the moone Page 14 Certein fixed starres that best fit the Crosse staff Page 14 A way to finde out the height of the Pole by the starres which are within the Tropicks declining from the Aequinoctiall Page 15 A declaration of the instrument folowyng Page 16 Of the makyng of al manner of sea crosse staues Page 18 The makyng of a Crosse-staff for sundry South Starres Page 18 How to make and vse a true and perfect Sea-Charte Page 20 THE courses and distances of all the Sea coasts of Holand Zeland Fraunce and Spayne Page 22 The courses of England Ireland and Scotland Page 22 Diuers and sundry courses ouer the Western
these particuler maps why in some coasts riuers and other Inland waters the townes towres rockes and other markes or signes do seeme on one side to stand vpright and on the other side cleane contrarie The gentle Reader shall vnderstand that in the particuler Chartes I haue treated little thereof as a matter not incident to the treatie of Nauigation But forasmuch as Pilots Shipmasters Mariners and many others whom it specially concerneth which set out daylie to the seas haue hitherto continually vsed as yet do alwaies vse the like charts so that with the least alteration therof they may often put in daunger their ship goods I thought it not requisite by and by to change the same although I know and haue prooued for certaintie that it will seeme very absurde and against reason to all cunning skilfull men whom I earnestly desire for that cause to haue me excused least by reason of the straungnes and such doubtfull alteration those which go to the sea should be brought to any doubt or confusion wherby many daungers and discommodities might ensue And let it not seeme straunge to any if peraduenture some of the sea coastes hauens countries c. appeare not so fully and plainely and shewe themselues as indeed they are and as they are pourtraied in our seuerall Chartes For albeit besides mine owne skill and experience I haue conferred and shewen whatsoeuer is contained in this booke to diuers Shipmasters and expert Pilots and haue corrected the same by their notes who according to their seuerall experience and iudgement haue praised and allowed all these seuerall Chartes which since that I haue published in the same forme yet because it is naturall for men to be deceaued for that diuers men haue not only diuers opinions but also euident faults perhaps many errors wil be found in this booke which a painfull and diligent Pilot will easely amend seing it is farre easier to correct that which is already inuented then to frame a new ⧠OF THE SPECIAL PROPERTIE OF THE SEA WHICH ASWEL IN times past as at this present maketh many to wonder NO man doubteth that the waues of the great Ocean and the force of the streame notwithstanding a contrary winde doe alwayes come from the North-west and flow very swiftly vpon all the sea coastes in the seas of our vsuall nauigation The waues are mounted on such an height and separated so farre asunder that when two shippes are parted by such waues each others mastes and toppes cannot be seene which happeneth commonly at a still water or calme weather And these waues are so farre distant that you cannot shoot from one ship to another with a Caliuer Moreouer in all the streicts or Leuant sea the waues alwaies driue and rise vp against the coastes creekes and shores and also the little streames and riuers notwithstanding a contrary wind alwaies roule vp against the shore a thing doubtlesse strange wonderfull But yet I thinke that no man hath hitherto as farre as I know certainly declared or defined the naturall cause of this motion VVherefore in few words I will declare my opinion hereof The cause of this motion may proceede without preiudice to other mens opinions from the North-west quarter because many tempests and stormes arise in the North and North-west countries by reason of the coldnes and intemperature of the ayre land and sea from whence blow such mighty and forcible windes driuing and beating the sea and the waues thereof with such might that no contrary wind can stoppe or resist the course or tossing thereof and that happeneth by reason of the continuall succession of the waues and surges which driue one another from a coast so farre off But some man may demaunde why it proceedeth not rather from the South-west where the sea is widest and largest who may bee thus aunswered That the sunne with his naturall heate doth so temper and moderate the winds surges and waues vnder the South Clymates that there cannot arise such great tempestes For it is seene and prooued by daily experience in the Indian Nauigation that the sunne being high in the South Clymates doth make the weather calme and the waters smooth Contrarywise the sunne being in the North and North-west hath no such force but yeeldeth lesser heate which may bee the cause why the waues are alwayes troublesome North-westward and come rouling about all the sea coastes of Europe But I beleeue that a shippe farre from the shore and vnder sayle in the middest of the Northwest sea perceaueth no such matter But when you draw neare or about Nevv-found land you shall doubtlesse finde againe that the flouds and narrow seas within the land are stirred vp and flow from the North-east And this gentle Reader is my opinion hereof submitting my selfe to the better censure of other men But the secretes of Almighty God the onely creator and gouernor of all thinges are so incomprehensible and insearcheable although we behold the heauens the ayre the land seas that we are altogether vnable in respect of his omnipotencie or rather vnworthy to iudge or set downe any certaintie thereof but so farre as our indeuour and the compasse of our humaine wit giuen vs of God can naturally conceaue and no farther The rest we most humbly referre to his diuine maiestie vntill we are chaunged from this miserable and wretched life ⧠AN EXHORTATION TO the Apprentises of the Art of Nauigation THe first and chiefest way to attayne to the perfect skill and science of Nauigation is whensoeuer any Shipmaster or Mariner shall set foorth from land out of any Riuer or Hauen diligently to marke what buildings Castles Towers Churches Hils Bals Downes VVindmils or other marks are standing on the land All which or many of them let him pourtray with his penne how they beare and how farre distaunt but vppon the true and certeine poynts of the Compasse vppon which hee first set sayle and shaped his course whilest yet euery marke on the land may bee clearely and euidently perceaued to the end the true arising thereof may be the better had Hee must also very often cast the Lead that he may most exactly note in his Compt-booke how farre off all the shoalds and sands lie from the shoare In like manner must he proceed that descrieth and arriueth towards any other countrey to wit assoone as the arising and shew of the land be it high or low with the beakons and other markes may be plainely perceaued straightway must hee compare them all with those our Chartes and Tables And when the Coast is thus knowne eyther wholy or in parte then must hee warily and diligently indeuour to seeke out and finde the true depth and channell by certeine Marks Towers Churches Beakons c. which are found almost at euery port entrie cape or poynt and no lesse heedfully consider how his course lyeth inwardes and outwardes Any Mariner that will diligently and with vnderstanding practise these
Islands of Saltees hath 45. fatham But two leagues off Ireland it hath but 40. Betweene the Isles of Saltees and Milford it is 44. fatham deepe betweene Londay and the Isles of Sylly 38. fath In the mid way betweene the Isles of Sylly and Milford it is 44. fatham deepe but plaine North of Sylly 40. and 42. fatham Neere England by the landes ende the channell is of 50. fatham depth A ship that commeth from Cape Finisterre sayling North Northeast if shee hath 80. fatham sounding she is 20. leagues off the shoare and the ground is small blacke stones mingled with great red sand In the same course when you haue but 60. fatham water you are within 12. or 14. leagues off the shoare yet shall you not so soone ken land as you would thinke for you shall a great while haue 60. fath depth for it is at the North partes of the chanell about the Isles of sylly Betweene Vshant and the Isles of sylly the chanell is 70. fatham deepe On the Southside of the Isles of sylly the ground is small red stones and fine white sand Ouer against the Lizard and Falmouth 4. leagues from shoare it is 52. fatham deepe Betwixt Foy and Plimmouth sound in the midst of the chanell it is 60. fatham deep Betweene the Lyzard and the start beare no nearer the shoare then 35. fatham You maye cast anker in the trade or channell in 25. fatham and so shall you lie within the foreland streame Betweene Plimmouth and the Sept Isles in the middest of the chanell it is 55. fatham deepe But 4. leagues South Southwest of Plimmouth it is but 35. fatham South Southeastward of the midland of the start it is 45. fatham deepe but from thence 5. or 6. leagues Southeast you haue 54. fatham In the chanell betweene the Caskets and Portland it is 40. fatham deep a league Northward off the Isle of Alderney is a hole or pit 80. fatham deepe all the rest of the channell betweene Portland and the Isle of Alderney is of equall deapth viz. 40. fatham VVhen you are within kinning of Portland your sounding is 34. fatham and 3. leagues off the Isle of VVight 36. fatham as also two leagues Eastward of Beachy Betweene picardie and the Isle of VVight the channell in the middest is 38. fatham deepe Betweene VVinchelsey and picardy 24. fatham The shoald betweene the Heads called the Vrovven-sand hath but three fatham depth and a halfe but on the Southside of it there is 24. fatham And in all the faire way betwetne Zeland and Douer it is 24. fatham deepe A PERFECT DESCRIPTION of the depths of the North Sea from Englands foreland or the mouth of Flaunders IN the chanell and course from Englandes fore-land and sands of Flaunders you haue 24. fatham depth but three leagues Northwest and by west of the country of Zierickze there is a shoald commonly called Borbreck which hath 4. fatham depth VVithout this shoald the Chanell of Zealand is 26. fatham deepe Northwest of Harlem 8. or 9. miles within the sea there beginneth a shelf commonly called de breede Verthien reaching alongest the coast of Holland to the playne of Ameland where it endeth Ouer agaynst Harlem and Egmond is 13. 14. and 15. fatham depth and the ground is of all Oase mingled with blacke sand like vnto Mustard-seede The sayd shelfe or shoald hath 15. 16. or 17. fatham depth betweene Texel and Vlieland where the ground is grosse red sand 6. or 7. leagues from shoare for there the shoald is narrower then it is towardes the Southend The Chanell without the shoald betweene zealand and Texel is 26 fatham deepe euen as farre as the shoald which the fishers call Doggsant In the Channell on England side ouer agaynst Yermouth is 32. fatham depth but right against Flamborough and Scarborough point 38. fatham whereas the whyte shelf commonly called Doggsant beginneth reaching into the North seas to the chanell of Helichland This shoald where it is within kenning of Flamborough poynt hath but 9. or 10. fatham depth But when in the same sand you find 12. fatham depth then Texel is from you Southest almost 30. leagues but when you are come to 16. fatham depth then are you within 21. leagues South Southeast of Vlieland A ship that comes from the Riffe finding 18. fath depth on the foresaid sand is then 20. leagues South and by East of Vlieland but comming to 22. fatham must then sayle towardes the Vlie S. and by westward and South southwestward But if in the Chanell of Helichland 24. 26. fatham depth be found then must you sayle Southwest and S.w. and by S. and then are you come to the Scellinghe but when as in Helichland sound you haue 27. fatham then are you altogether to the Eastwards of it Betweene the Riffe the shoald called Doggersant the chanell is 26. fath deepe without the chanell westwards it is 32. fath deepe A ship that comes out of the English straightes or out of zealand hauing at the riffe 24. fatham depth is distant from the Noes in Norvvay 18. leagues almost North and by East but hauing 20. fatham is 16. leagues from it Northward and finding but 18. fatham is then 18. leagues off it North and by west The course from thence to the Holmes is 12. leagues North and by E. And from thence towards the poynt of Scakghens 18. leagues Northeast and by East There is a rocke of one onely fatham depth standing Northeast and Northeast and by East of the Holmes two leagues from the shoare The depth of the Northerne Ocean neere vnto Iutland and Ameland IN the sea without Iutland a myle distant from Dodenberg there is a banck called Reef-horn stretching out 8. leagues w. by S. which in some places hath but three fatham depth in some places may be sayled ouer and become a roade for a Northwest and a North winde in 20. fatham depth From Ameland towards the sea the ground is grosse sand red and blacke mingled with shelles From thence sayling Southward in 16. fatham three houres you shall come to the smooth Sea of Ameland where your ground is fine sand mingled with shelles North from Schellinghe in 24. fatham depth is found altogether fine white sand and afterwardes in 18. fatham white and blacke sand mingled Vlieland hath white sand mingled with shelles and thinne blacke sand in 16. fatham depth from the west end of Vlieland is great red sand mingled with black like vnto mustardseede about 6. or 7. leagues from the shoare At the East ende of schellingh to the seawards at 18. fatham water is found fine white sande mingled with blacke hauing in it thinges like needles Ouer against Borckom in the vvester Ems at 17. or 18. fatham depth land may be seene the ground is of grosse grauelly sand At 14. fatham depth may Ameland be kend but schellingh at 16. fatham and Vliland at 15. or 16. fatham water Any man may by night
trust to these measures At the North Hooke of Texel land may be seene at 16. fatham depth Holland is seene at 14. or 15. fath water when you sayle within the shoald called the breede Veerthiene which beginneth at the Northwest of Harlem and stretcheth alongst the coast of Holland to the west ende of Vliland and is 7. or 8. leagues distant from the shoare The soundinges and groundes of Iutland neere the poynt of the Cimbrians commonly called Schagen or Schaw A Great league west and by North from the schavv is 35. fatham depth North northeast a great league of the corner of this poynt is found 38. fatham depth And when the poynt is northwest from you then you haue 17. fatham water Betweene this poynt and Lesou the chanell is 20. fath deep and the ground like clay or dirt Betwixt Anhout and VVaersberg in the middest of the Channell is 22. fatham water Betweene Lesou and Anhout the ground is firme and stony neere VVaersbergh is a shoald of 17. fatham depth Betweene Anhout and Col is another shoald of 17. fatham where sometimes it is troublesome like a whirepoole The depths and grounds of the Balthic or Easterne seas BEtweene Oeland and Gothland the soundinges are vnequall sometimes of 20. sometimes of 23. fath the ground of blacke and stony grosse sand like vnto Peas VVhen the South end of Oeland is two leagues distant from you westwardes you haue 27. fatham water where also you may commodiously gage water But when the chappell in Sudernoorden beareth west Northwest off you then haue you 31. fatham depth and ground fit to gage water Ouer against the rocke in the faire way is 52. fatham and a claye ground but fit for gaging Betweene the greater and lesser Carla you haue 14. fath depth vnder which is safe road for ships There is a shoald betweene Houburg Ostergard contayning 24. fath depth the ground is great red sand but hardly from thence can you ken Gothland out of the top There is also to the Eastward another shoald of 36. fath depth which when you are past you haue more then 40. fatham water VVhen the poynt of Righ is 3. leagues Southeast from you then haue you 30. fatham depth but when it is from you halfe a league South south-easterly you haue 15. fatham the ground is white sand But when it beareth west a small league from you then you shall finde 16. fatham water Ouer against Heel halfe a league from the shoare it is almost 32. fatham deepe The roade for shippes at Heel hath 25. fatham depth Betweene Moane and Falsterborn is 14. fatham depth Betweene sted and Falsterborn in the very chanell it is but 12. fath deepe neere Falsterborn it is full of shoaldes but neere Sted you haue 13. fatham water Betweene Drakerriff and Southolmen which is more shoaldie there is 5. fatham depth wanting two foote From thence towardes the Sound it is sometime deeper as 6. 7. 8. 9. or 10. fatham A DESCRIPTION AND POVRTRAICT OF THE GREATEST PARTE OF THE SEACOASTES OF EVROPE FOr asmuch as these particular Sea Chartes which I haue set foorth of the Westerne Eastern and Northern Nauigation with the rest which I hope hereafter at the first opportunitie to publish haue their originall and beginnyng from this generall Charte of the Sea Coasts of Europe wherin you may playnly perceaue how the particular Countries are annexed and ioyned eache to other and euery one of them in his right place distance poynt of compas degrees minutes c. I haue therefore thought necessary to place this generall table or pourtraict at the very beginnyng of this booke before all the rest to th' end you may thereby the better seeke and finde out the particulars obseruynge th' order and methode of this booke Thinkynge it needelesse to make any larger discourse thereof for the vse of Saylyng Consideryng that the particular descriptions with their Charts being taken out of this generall and enlarged do very sufficiētly teache shew bothe the countries themselues their commodities so they be rightly examined accordyng to the true art of Nauigation employinge therewithall such necessarie instruments as appertayne therevnto A SHORTE INSTRVCTION OF THE FORME AND fashion of Buyes Beakons and other markes c. which are set for Shoaldes Sandes or hidden Rockes as they are marked in the particular Chartes of the Fliestreame Eemse Weeser the Elue Meersdiep and the Mase VPpon all the Riuers and Streames of Holland Friesland and Zeland the Buyes at the vpper ende are rounde and great and at the lower end small and sharpe like vnto this marke 1 being made blacke with Pitche or Tar lying for the moste parte vppon the right hande in Saylinge out on the lefthand in commyng in And on th' other side for sandes flats shoaldes do commonly stand the Beakons and other higher and more apparant marks made of Oasyers after this manner 2 that they may bee the farther of perceaued And where there is danger of poincts of Rockes Sandes shoaldes that stande out there are that you may shunne them white Tunnes or Buyes made after this fashion which do alwayes he vpon the contrary side of the foresaid black buyes The eye markes whereby you may assuredly finde these buyes and other markes are sufficiētly declared in the description before eache Charte But you must vnderstand that the Buyes and markes are herein noted as they weare Anno. 1582. Moreouer because the depthes and channels of the Riuers do yerely shift and chaunge their places both by reason of the vncertaintie and instabilitie of the sandie groundes and for that the entringes and mouthes of the Riuers do dayly waxe wider broder therfore these streames are to be tried by soundyng and to be sayled in with skilfull and experienced Pilots maisters The lande markes placed at the entries of Riuers I haue for streightnes of roome marked thus But where there is false roade grounde fit for Ankering I haue set downe this forme of an Anker The Figures which are placed in al Hauēs Riuers Streames Channels aswell in the mayne sea as elswhere vpō al the shoaldes Sandes Rockes do signifie the depth of the places as 1. 2. 3. 10. 12. Fatham so forth which is alwaies to be vnderstoode at half flood or ebbe The litle Crosses marked in this manner †alonge the Coastes neare Islandes and elswhere betoken hidden and daungerous Rockes of which you must carefully beware And where the double crosses are there lye greater Rockes couered with the water These markes in the Chartes are made thus A Generall Carde discription of the Sea Coastes of Europa and nauigation in this booke conteyned Semper eadem HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE SPQR Judocus Hondius fe A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE VLIE AND THE MARSDEEP TWO OF the notablest Riuers of all Holland from the Northern vnto the Southerne sea HE that will sayle from the North sea vp to Amsterdam or
the depth of one fatham yet notwithstanding in calme weather a ship the draweth 18. foote water may at halfe floud passe ouer the sands called the Caybanke And if any man entering the VVicling will goe out by Dorley he must keepe VVest-caple and Cnock distant a sayles breadth and must sayle North-west vntill the steeples of Souburge be seperate fiue foote a sunder then set West North-west vntill you haue Flusshing East and by South and so shall you not endaunger your selfe vpon the shoalds There are shoaldes in the inner part of VViclinge commonly called the Vlack vanne gatt When the watche tower of Blankenberge is one with the Towne house you are then past them But when you haue gotten ten fatham sayle towardes Flushing two Cables distant from the shoare of VValkeren vntil you come to the castle of Ramekens but take heede you be not carried with the swift tide vppon Natgat where it sets inward with great violence The traffique and Merchandizes of this part of Zealand cannot easely be described notwithstanding there is in Brabant vpon the Scheld the citie of Antwerp sometimes the most famous mart towne in al the world where there was great plentie aboundance of all nations and of all pretious commodities which were brought thither from Spayne and other Countreyes in great ships and hulkes Besides there is in Zealand an Island called VValkeren where the famous marte towne of Middleborough is scituate whither all kinde of French and Spanish wines being brought in great aboundance are there sold and vented There is also within that Isle a litle town called Armu where the course bay salt which is brought thither in great quantities frō France and Spain is purified and made white and from thence is transported and dispersed throughout all Europe And Roterdam standeth vpon the Maze where there is great store of little ships and boates called Buisen and Pincken and much traffique and entercourse of marchaunts for pickell herring A Description of the Jsles of Sealand as they lie vpon all y er Riuers Chanells with a part of the sea Coastes of Holland and Flaundres A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF FLANDERS WITHALL THE SANDES FLATS BANCKS AND SHOALDS THEROF WHen you sayle out of the Wielinge towards the straights between Callis and Douer called the Heads you must bring the watch towre of Blanckenberge one with the steeple thereof and then Westcappel ioignes with the Lantern of Heyst But when Lisweghen is brought one with Terdoes churche then are you in the mouth of the Wielynge holde then west southwest bearing a litle west and by north then haue you the true depth in 6. fatham water at halfe floud Or els you may take this course to saile thorough the Wielinge your leading mark is to keepe Middleborough steeple a little sayle breadth open to the south wardes of the watch tower and so sayle west southwest vpon that marke as farre as you can see it that being out of sight go west southwest and borow of either side at your best aduantage as the winde serueth vntill Blanckenbourgh be south southeast from you then go west vpon the floud and west southwest vpon the ebbe till you be in 12. fatham then shape your course for you are cleere There lieth neare Blankenberge a long bancke called Witsand stretching along the shore vnto Winduyn It chanceth that mariners are here often deceaued who reckoning themselues to be entered the wielinge are shut vp betwixt the same the shore wherfore if they that come in from the sea would shun this banke let them set the broad steeple of Liswegen eastward therof and so bearing along the shoare in 6. fatham water they shall goe cleere of it VVhen wotkerke is one with Blankenberge and S. Catalina shuts into Ostend you are then before the mouth of the wielinge but when the steeple of Ostend is one with S. Catherins then you runne vpon the shallow called Trix which alwaies turneth about in maner of a whirlpoole by reason of the violent meeting of sundrie currents and tides and there you haue .5 fatham water Ouer against Ostend there lieth a banke of sand a dutch mile from the town called the old Morebank hauinge .2 fadam water at the lowest ebbe There is also another lyeng west and by north of Ostend called Dijestall that at the greatest ebbe hath 3. fatham water Moreouer when the Downe Friery called the Broers standeth south from you you are within the Broers banke But when Dunkerke beareth south and by west from you you are past the most daungerous and vttermost part of this banke There standeth an high and ragged downe west of Newporte ouer against which this banke hath hys beginning which reacheth fower dutch leagues north northwest into the sea and doth lie from Newport northwest but when you haue Newporte southeast and by south you are past the banke There are also two or three dangerous bankes northwest and northwest and by west from Dunkerk the first lieth from the shoare two dutch myles and the other three The middest is called Poldervan-dijckt But that which is called Ruting is most dangerous for that it lieth in the fayre way and in the very entrie of the Channell Either of them hath 2. fatham at low water which you must warily passe by There are also two other Banks north west and by north from Dunkerke almost ii dutch myles distant from the shoare wherof one is called Dristall the other Quaehanck which at lowest water are but 2. fatham and an halfe you may safely sayle along the coastes of Flaunders betweene the shoare and the shoaldes at 5. or 6. fatham but it is daungerous for great vessels because the waues both in ebbing and flowing doe for the most part set thwart ouer the shoaldes North northeast from Callis cliffe three dutch myles from the shoare lyeth another shoald which at lowe water hath 3. fatham There lieth also an other Bancke or shoald of the same depth almost two dutch myles from Graueling There is safe roade and harborowe vnder the tower called the Oldman for a north winde where you haue 7. or 8. fatham In the verie middest of the streightes there lieth a shoald 4. fathams deepe of which both by south and by north there are 20. and 22. fatham Right before the entrie of the riuer of Some two dutch myles into the sea it is not past 5. or 6. fatham deep He that will saile to Deepe setting out from the tower called the Oldman must goe forth south southwest so shal he ariue to the entrie of Deep at the very mouth therof on the Larrbord are marks made of Oasiers but it must be halfe floude before a great ship be able to come in A Description of the sea Coastes of Flaundres Picardie beginning from Neweport vnto Deepe with the Flemmishe bankes vntill you be past the straight betweene England France the which is called the heades A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE ISLES
OF ALDERNEY GARNZEY AND IERZEY AND THE QVASKETTES CALLED the Kaskets together with all the coasts rocks and shoalds lying thereabouts both within and without FEcam beareth westward from Deepe 7. leagues and is a bard hauen Beyond it lieth the point of Strusard from whence you may sayle to Seyne head S. S. W. Newhauen called Hable-neuf standeth inwarde from thence halfe a league where you may anker to stay for the tide and sayle vp the Seyne to Roane so that before the tide be vnbent you passe ouer the first traues or Drybancks and the way from Newhauen to Honfleur lieth S. E. But you must sayle along the south shoare because the north side of the riuer to Quillebeuf is ful of shoaldes and then are you thorow the first traues But you must be very heedfull of that strong spring of the Sea called the Barre or beare in which the tide setteth so violently and swiftly that a ship can scarse be kept vp with all her ankers and cables But all this reach is to be sounded Southwest of Seyne head lyeth a banke of three fatham and before the dike of Cadom called the Fosse of Caen there are bankes which you may sayle round abouts by the channell of Caen which is a bard hauen Six leagues or thereaboutes towardes the west standeth the Cape of Cherbourge where for a rough northwest winde is good harbour there lye sands ouerthwart the bay which at low water haue but two fatham depth Agaynst a north and northwest winde you may safely anker vnder Alderney by the little bard hauen in a sandy bay hard abourd the shoare where it is 7. or 8. fatham deepe If you will enter the race of Blancquerd you may runne in eyther in the midst of the channell or at your discretion betweene the cape of Haghe and Alderney for you may borow the north shoare alongst vpon 10. or 12. fatham vntill you are past the Sans which is a row or ledge of hidden rockes to be left on the starreboord there cast anker in the channell at 7. or 8. fatham and against the broad tower The race of Blanquerd reacheth inwardly south and by east and south south east But if you will sayle on the backside of the great Isle of Iersey you must crosse ouer and anker vnder the same where you please for in euery place thereaboutes is good ground And there is an other safe road for ships vnder the main of Sainct Malo called Conkall you may sayle into the same both by East and west before it lieth a ledge of rockes aboue water The bay is great and the harbour safe hauing at lowe water 4. or 5. fatham From this roade you may descrie the Isle of Ierzey right ouer against the same almost 5. dutch myles off But if by reason of a northwest tempest you are driuen to seeke safe ankering vnder Garnezcy or elswhere you must set for Garnezcy or the little Isle of Arme auoyding on the west side the great rockes of the Quasquettes called the Kaskets sayling south and by east vntil the castle which standeth in the sea be brought to the south poynt of Garnezcy Then saile betweene the greater and the lesser Island where you may anker by south or by north from the castle where you please in 7. or 8 fathams But if you will anker at the south side of the sayd Island beare aloofe to sea-ward from the outmost poynt of the land because all that shoare is full of rockes after you haue doubled that poynt you may anker at 12. or 14. fatham you may goe out againe Eastward betweene the Isles Arme and Sarke or seeke there for roade as you list Sarke standeth from the Cape of the Haghe or the trade of Alderney 6. dutch leagues south and by west Although these Islandes lye neere the coastes of Fraunce they are notwithstanding subiect to the Crowne and gouernement of England their trade is little or nothing at all and therefore vnknowne to vs. A CARDE of parte of the Sea Coastes of Normandie and Britānie with the Islands adioyninge A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEEN S. MALO AND BEYOND THE PORTE OF ROSCOVV IF you come from the Westerne sea and seeke harbour vnder Garnezey you must sayle in by the south shore of the lande and may Anker in the Channell at 20. or 25. Fatham neare to the sharpe tower or els where at your pleasure Ierzey standeth from Garnezey southeast almost 5. dutch leagues where is also safe roade for shippes S. Malo is distant from Ierzey 8. leagues towardes the south and is a bard hauen at the entrie whereof are rockes betweene which you must sayle into the riuer and cast anker before the citie at 5. or 6. fatham And there lyeth a bancke westward two or three dutch leagues from the towne vnder which there is safe roade in 5. fatham water There is also an Island called Brybac standing from thence three dutch leagues which you may sayle round about and cast Anker where you will And 2. leagues from thence there is a riuer called Lantrilliers which hath many rockes and shoaldes on the west side From thence stand the sept Isles distant two dutch leagues within which lieth white hauen called Port blanc of 6. or 7. fatham Those Islandes may be sayled round about There lieth a shoald called Octobers northwest from the west point of the sayd Island about a league and a halfe of the shoare Vlisshauen called Green Island is scituated a dutche league westwarde which may on both sides be entered and is a most safe hauen for all wether The Riuer of Morlays lieth fiue dutche leagues from the sept Isles and is a bard hauen you may anker amongst the rockes at 5. fatham in the Channell Two dutche leagues from that place standeth an Islande commonly called Taureau by which you may saile into the Riuer of S. Paul de Lyon which without is full of rockes but within them you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham There lieth an Isle called Ysle de bas 2. dutch leagues distante from thence you may sayle in on both sides of it to the Channell or Road of Roscou which containeth 7. or 8. fatham both on the east and west side Obcurac beareth from Roscou 5. leagues hauing many white sandy bayes alongest the shoare which are most certaine markes of that coast The Inhabitantes of these countries haue great entercourse and traffique with the Portugalles viz. of wheate Rie linnen Cloth and other lyke grosse marcchaundizes THE SHEWING OR APPEARING of the Sea coastes of Britaine euē as they open and shewe betwene S. Malo and Roscou A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF CONQVET BREST AND FONTENEAV THE WONDERFVL COASTES OF BRITANY A Dutch league Eastward of the Cape of Gobe called Les Fours or the Fourn there are many blacke rockes lieng alongst the coast which our sea-men call the Backouens and within the same are manie little white sandie bayes The land is also somewhat low and bewtified
here and there with some houses To get the Channell or passage betweene the foresaid rockes and bayes you must saile 2. Cables length from the said rockes almost South Southeast keeping S. Matthewes Abbey in the valley Eastward from Conquet point then beare inwardes vntill you come to Blanc-hauen or Conquet point hale then to the outwardes vntill S. Mathewes Abbey be open vnto you without Conquet point sailing alongest a Cables length off for so shall you not strike vpon the Bell which lieth off Conquet point almost three cables length But keepe Flemynes bay full west of the white Friers called the Blancs Moines But when you may plainely discerne Conquet you are thwart the rockes called Les Fenestriers which lie vnder water at the east side of Conquet hauen But if being at Sea you must turne in bring S. Mathewes Abbey right without Conquet point and saile againe about the rockes called the Hagles which lie almost a third part of the bredth of the waye from Vshant There is a harborough betwixt Fenestriers and the Blancs Moines vnder S. Matthewes point in 6. or 7. fatham And if you wil put ouer from S. Matthewes point to the Race of Fonteneau you must conde the ship from Blancs Moines south and by east vntil you come to the Emperours and Emperes rocks called the Keiser and Keiserine But as you must not presse to neere Keiser least you strike vpon the rockes which lie vnder water so great heede is to be taken that you be not caried away with the tide or currente which commonly setteth in towardes the Keiserine vpon the shoald called the Calfe which stretcheth downe from Keiserine like a tongue and it is alwaies there as a whirlepoole and verie tempestuous The Race of Fonteneau lieth out into the Sea South Southwest But Bresont stretcheth into the sea west and by South foure dutch leagues from S. Matthewes The marke to crosse the Race from S. Mathewes to the Keyser is the mill of Fenestriers standing directly westward off S. Matthewes Abbey But if you will saile to Croixduyns from S. Matthewes poynt hold on east and by south so that you keepe still the Southermost part of the rockes called the Cheminees without Blancs Moines vntill you get the bay of Crodune and the chappell appeare on the grauelly shoare towards which chappell you may safely beare and there anker in 9 or 10. fatham Ouer against Crodun by the north shoare lieth Bertrandes-bay being a very good harborough for a north and northwest winde But he which will goe vp to Breste or Landerneau must get good Pilots for it is all sounding water The Collignier beareth South Southeast about a league a halfe from S. Matthewes poynt The Faukenes lie off from the west poynt of Crodun about the fourth part of a league west southwest The southermost Faukenes standeth from the northermost about halfe a league South South-east and is vnder-water at a high spring-tide A cables length off north north-east lieth a blinde rocke which at lowest ebbe is euen with the water This South Faukenes beareth north-east and by north from Crodun There is also another hidden rocke west-ward from the north-east Faukenes which appeareth at lowest water The rocke called the Hen lieth distant from Faukenes west South-west two Cables length There is another called the Chicken almost north-west and by west from the Hen being two sharpe rockes which at a great ebbe are either euen or little aboue the water There lieth also a rocke east and by south from S. Matthewes poynt lyeng in the middest of Bertrandes-bay by the North-side of the water of Brest And these are his markes viz. when the southermost of the rocks called Cheminees are one with S. Matthewes poynt then you strike vpon this rocke but if it appeare a little without then you goe cleare VVest Penmarques is a bard hauen which is to be entered on the East-side along the shoare and leaue the great rocke on the starre-boord side which being once past you may anker at three fatham water for as you come in without the rocke you haue 8. or 9. fatham you may also sayle within the East Penmarques for the maine is sandy strande where you may anker in 10. or 12. fatham very safely neere vnto the Isle of Morton for there is faire ground THE SEA Carde ofs Britayne Conteining the Coastes Bays Iles and hauens that lye betweene Rouscou and Groye verie dilligently corrected Aº 1588 AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE SOVTH COASTES OF BRITANY BETWEENE BLAVET AND Picquelier wherein is also contayned Belisle and Groy TO sayle into Blauet when you haue the East poynt of the Island called Groy South and by west then are you come to the entry thereof which stretcheth inwardes north northeast where is a very safe harborough for any winde or wether at 6. or 7. fatham water In the entry you haue 4. fatham water but there lie some shoalds which you must shunne On the west-side of the entrie standeth a great sharpe steeple There is also vnder Groy good ground for ankering 7. or 8. fatham deepe and safe harborough for a south-west winde But beware of the south-east shoare for it is rockie ground But if you will harbour vnder Belisle you may goe in on both sides all at large where you may let fall your anker at 10. or 12. fatham water by S. Paules spire steeple But at a Northeast or north north-west winde you must way and plie vp to the East side of the Island where before S. Helen you haue safe road at 10. fatham But if the winde come aboue at south or south south-east returne then before the foresayd steeple of S. Paule There lie 3. Islands about a league and halfe from Belisle the middest whereof hath safe harborough you may sayle betwixt them from Island to Island in some places finde good riding About two leagues thence lieth the maine land where are 2. great bayes or riuers from whence you may betwixt the maine and the foresaid Islandes within Belisle sayle to Croyswicke or Croisill and the riuer of Nantes called the Loyre Croyswicke lyeth from Belisle about 8. dutch leagues East and by North and East North-east And from Croyswicke to the riuer of Loyre it is about 3. leagues He which will goe vp that riuer let him runne along the shoare of Croyswicke 3. cables length off to the pierced rock which he may look thorough like a great gate From thence let him keepe still two cables length off the northerne shore streight to the point whereon standeth a sharpe steeple vntill he be within the rockes called Les Pourceaux which lye in the middest of the riuer betwixt the pierced rocke and the steeple But when he is past S. Nazarethes steeple he may anker in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham where he must take in a Pilotte to lead him vp the Loyre vnto Nantes by the helpe of the plummet There lie Banckes to the Sea-ward a league and
inwardes South and by East after you are in you may turne vp Eastward where you haue 4. or 6. fatham water on the South-side of the hauen lieth an Island where standeth a light tower which you must set South and by East from you as you sayle in where it is 3. fatham deepe Machichaco a good hauen lyeth fiue leagues from Bilbao west south west and Southwest by west which from the west side stretcheth inwards Southest and by East in 8. or 9 fatham In the middest of the entry you shall finde a rocke which you must leaue on the Larbord side you may also sayle in at the East side of the rocke but there you haue but 3. fatham From the entrie the hauen is wide and broad and you may anker in any place of the channell at 8. or 9. fatham Castro beareth three leagues westward from Machichaco stretcheth inward westerly In the midst of the entry standeth a rock almost south-west which you may sayle round about in 6. or 7. fatham The streightnesse beareth vp Southerly you may turne in towardes the East and cast anker in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham These portes yeeld Rosin Chessenuttes Iron wooll Orenges Filbberdnuttes and steele which are their trades A CARDE OF THE SEA COASTES of Acason Biscay with their hauens and opening of their landes hills and Mountaynes * A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Laredo and Sentillana LAredo beareth westward from Castro fiue Dutche leagues To enter the bay set S. Anthonies hill South East from you and hale along S. Anthonies shore vntill you are cleare of the East poynt of the land Then turne vp Eastward vntill you come to Laredo where you may lay out anker in 6. or 7. fatham But if you will beare into the hauen within the two walles you must doe it at highe water for it is a port for barkes and vessels of small burden There lieth a shoald amiddest the entrie of the hauen wheare it is alwayes very troublesome and may be sayld about S. Ander lieth foure Dutch leagues from S. Anthonies mount hale along the west shoare vntill you come to the great rocke whereon standeth a little house on eyther side whereof you may saile in S. Anders hauen stretcheth in from the entrance Northwest and hath 6. or 7. fatham water Foure Dutch leagues from S. Ander lieth S. Martyns It is very narrow as you come in and a bard hauen and parteth it selfe inwardes into two litle streames Fiue dutch leagues by west of S. Martyns standeth S. Vincents whose hauen also is bard and hath a Rocke standinge westward of the entree and a little fillet or riffe of sand from the East poyncte you must sayle in betweene this sande and the rocke where it is narrow but within it is a round hauen mayntained by a little riuer Three Dutch leagues westward lyeth Lhanes likewise a bard hauen on the East side of which lyeth a banke sayle in on the west side of it there is likewise a little riuer In these countries is great store of wooll Iron Chesse-nuttes Orenges Steele and Rosin of all which thinges there is great traffique THE SEA COASTES of Byscuy betweene Laredo and 〈◊〉 euen as they shew when you pass before them A TRVE DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES BETWEENE Rio de Sella and Auiles SIx Dutch leagues Westward of L'hanes lieth Rio de Sella If you will enter the hauen marke the maste which standeth vpon the Easterne shoare neere which you must enter because the west side is rockie and daungerous inwardes And being past the mast anker before the towne it is a bard hauen Villa viciosa beareth 10. Dutch leagues westward of Rio de Sella you must come in by the westerne shoare because the Easterne is slat and perillous Right within the mouthe of the hauen you shall finde a little shoald which appeareth at a lowe ebbe this is likewise a bard hauen The towne standeth on the west side whither you may sayle anker in the largest place Six leagues from Villa viciosa westward lieth Sanpsons cape and on the East side therof standeth a little Island with a small tower betweene these two is goodharborough and faire ground to anker in at 6. or 7. fatham on the westside of Sanpson euen right before the litle porte is likewise good riding in 6. or 7. fatham VVestward of Sanpson lieth Gyon hauing a peere of stone vnder which Th' inhabitantes doe lay their fisher boates A good Dutch mile from thence westward is the bay of Tores where is safe harbarough and 8. or 9. fatham water On the cape standeth an high tower Two leagues farther westward lyeth Cape de Pennas from whence a rewe of rockes stretcheth out into the sea Two leagues from thence standeth Auiles the best porte of all these coastes On the Eastside therof is a chapple neare vnto the point you must passe vntill you are within two rockes where it is wide and broad By the west poynt there runneth vp a little sandy riffe along the shoare reaching inwardes by the hauen towardes the towne where it is very shoaldie on both sides and on the westside of the hauen lie two great rocks right against the little Church that standeth by the sandy bay There is in these coastes farre greater plentie and store of fruits wines and other good marchandises than is in Biscay The Mappe of the Sea Coastes of Biscay betweene Rio de Sella Auiles verie naughty hauens for great shippes Iodocus Hondiusfe A DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF RIBA DEOS BIVIERO AND LVARCA FRom Auiles vnto Luarca are six dutch leagues South-west and by west it is an hauen for small ships and stretcheth Southeast inwards the Eastside is dangerous but the west is good and faire Riba Deos beareth Southwest and by west from Luarca and is a good hauen for all ships westward of it standeth a sharpe steeple and a little from thence into the sea lieth a hidden rocke when you enter the mouth of the hauen two other Towers come in sight at the west side of the hauen the one on high the other below nigh the shoare Then conde thorow the very middest of the channell vntill you come against the second or farthest tower within the hauen where you may anker on both sides at your pleasure But the west side is deeper contayning 4. 5. or 6. fatham euen vp to Riba Deos which standeth vpon a great bay The Cape of Brilo is six leagues Northwest from Riba Deos. westward from this cape standeth S. Ciprian ouer agaynst which lie two great round rockes A league thence westward standeth an Island thwart the mouth of the hauen of Biuiero which you may sayle about on both sides yet best roming in is on the west side where being cleere of the poynt you may anker at 6. or 7. fatham Two leagues to the west of S. Ciprian is S. Marks roade which is a faire bay Two leagues from thence is a
little hauen called Quirins which on the west side is full of rockes but on the East side faire and good to enter at Three leagues from Quirin lieth the Cape of Ortegall where also standeth a Castle neere which you haue safe roade for a west and a Southwest wind This countrey yeeldeth great plentie of the best wynes of Ribadeos aswell red as claret and likewise aboundance of Orenges Apples Peares Chessenuttes and other fruites all which are both comfortable and wholsome for mans body THE SEA COASTES of Gallicia from Cape of Auiles vnto Ortegal A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF CORVNNA CALLED THE GROYNE FEROLES and Monsej the cheefest portes of Gallicia THe hauen of Siguera beareth three dutche leagues South westward from Ortegall it stretcheth inward South east and is a good Porte the Southside thereof hath a low point and is good but the Northside is all rockie and fowle gound You must anker before you come to the village of Siguera Foure dutche leagues westwarde from thence lieth Cape de Prior which reacheth out into the sea Two dutch leagues farther southward you haue the hauen of Feroles vpon the northside therof are 2. or 3. sandie Bayes of which the most Southerly is the greatest whervpon do stande a house or two when you are come nigh the house then appeareth vnto you somewhat Southerly the hauen of Feroles where you may sayle in at the middest of the water and beynge cleare of the North corner geuynge it a little bieth anker in the Channell at 12. fatham for before the village it self it is flat and rockie The south poynt of Feroles stretcheth far outward and is full of rockes you may set out from Feroles to Corunna South and South and by East vntill you be somwhat within the towre which standeth vpon a round Hill or Cliffe Then shall you see on the starborde side a litle Island wherein standeth a litle Church called S. Blase hale alonge a Cables length of it and anker before the towne at 6. or 7. fatham If you will runne into the Channell of Coruna from the Island Cyzarga called by the Fleminges Caesarea you must shape your course East south east about 5. leagues vntill you are within sight of the towre which standeth on the west coast of the lande for then shall you keepe 4. or 5. Cables length of the shore and may holde on your course in the Chanel right South east 4. or 5. leagues and beinge past Corunna may cast anker at Fontenne or Pytance on the west side vnder a rew of Rockes at 10. or 12. fatham water And ouer agaynst Corunna East north east standeth a cittie called Puente de Mas where you may also anker at 10. or 12. fatham There haue you likewise on the northside a rew of Rockes and ouer the Riuer a great Bridge There lieth an Hauen called Queres South south west and South and by west of the Island Cyzarga whose entrie is fayre after you are entred you must turne in westward a great half league and may anker there at 8. or 9. fatham in the channell Seuen dutch leagues westward of Cyzarga lieth the east poynt of Monsei or C. de Bellem neare which you may sayle to Monsei South south east and Southeast and by south If you wil come in thither from the west keepe the cape of Corrian called the Groyne without Cape de conde two ships lengths vntil you may see Marikerke which stands on the westside cleare without Monsei poynt Continue your course towardes Marykerke through the channel south east and anker behinde the Rokes before the towne at 8. or 9. fatham Yet shall you not saile into Monsei before Marykerke be seene without the poynt of Monsei There you may likewise anker on the Northside of the hauen at 6. or 7. fatham On the Southside of the towne of Monsei there is a Bay before which lieth a shoald East north east about two cables length thwart the hauen Marykerke lieth from Monsei North and by East but it lieth East North east from the Shingles VVhen you come from Sea if Marykerke be from you South east you may enter at the west side of the rockes the rocks lie from Monsei South west and by south but the inner end of the rockes beareth South and by west The Cape de Finisterre and Monte Lauro lie from eache other South east and North west and the Rockes betwixt them beare South south east There is a Bay betweene the Capes of Finisterre and Corrian where eastward of the great Rocke you may anker before the sandie Bay at 6. or 7. fatham A litle dutch league to the Eastward of Finisterre beareth the hauen of Corcouia which the Fleminges call Corco baiona It stretcheth inwards to the North where you may cast anker in the channel at the sandy Bay in 8. or 9. Fatham These Coastes or Portes do yelde like Marchandises and Fruites as the aforesayd coastes of Riba deos c. They take besides at certaine seasons euery yeare a wonderfull great quantitie of whales to their great profit and commoditie The mappe ' of the sea coastes of Galicia and of Octugall Vntill you bee paste the Cape of Finisterre Euen as it is scituated and as it appeereth When you comme sailinge alongst Out of the Spannishe Sea A TRVE DECLARATION OF THE SEA COASTES OF GALLITIA FROM the Cape de Finisterre beyonde Camino IF you will sayle into Muros or Moores set Montelauro called Mounteluer Northeast and by East from you holde then on towardes Montelauro and you shall go cleare of the Rockes that he on both sides but borow most of the south side because that is the salfest But when you come neare Montelauro you shall see many high Rockes which you must leaue on the larebord side three cables length and so go in South south east of Montelauro you haue a blinde Rocke in the middest of the Channell which you must leaue on the starbord side But when the Towne that lieth in Northwards of Montelauro cometh full open vnto you then are you past this blinde Rocke which lieth South and by East somwhat more Easterly of the East ende of the towne You must shunne the first poynt within Montelauro two Cables length of and hauyng past the other poynt beare in Northwardes to the towne which is on the starbord side The citie Muros standeth on the west side of the hauen where you may anker at .12 or .13 fatham But if you will enter the Riuer of Roxo you must set Southwarde without the cape of Muros for there are many rockes stretching out into the sea on the Northside of the hauen of Roxo which you cannot saile between VVherefore holde on till you be south of the great rocke and hauing left all the rockes on your Larebordside or to the seawards continue your course between the firme lande and the rocke vntill you may see the hauen open before you Then must you passe vp in the middest of
of the Abbey and so may you enter or goe forth But when Chipiona beareth South Southwest from you and the castell and tower are one then are you neare the first blinde rocke or shoalde The markes of the rocke that lieth in the entrance of S. Lucars channell are when the windmill and the white Frierie are brought togither on the East-side of S. Lucar for then should you by sayling forwardes strike vpon the rocke wherefore keepe the windmill fiue foote distant Northward of the Abbey and then shall you enter in the best of the channell which at halfe tide is 4. fatham deepe within it is wide and broade anker there at 10. or 12. fatham before the little Church which standeth on the North shoare Calis-malis lyeth South-east from Chipiona 7. leagues there haue you the entrie wide broad You may sayle in about two cables length of the Puercos which lie about half a league from the North corner of Calis About a great halfe league North-east and by North from thence lieth a rocke vnder water called the Diamant then appeareth S. Maryes little Church betweene two great highe hilles If you will go farther in then Calis hold on South-east beyond Puntall where is good harborough for all winds Calis bay is wide and broad and of 15. or 16. fatham depth A North-west winde beateth full vpon it From Calis to the straight of Gibraltar you haue eight leagues and three leagues thence to the hauen or roade of Gibraltar which is a very fayre bay and is able to conteyne many ships About the poynt of Tariffa or the streight halfe a league from lande lyeth a shoalde no deeper then 1½ fatham which you must bee heedefull to auoyde These countries bring foorth all kindes of the best wines fruites and other Marchandises as Seckes Bastarde and Romany Figges Reasins Oyle Oliues Pomegranets Cytherons or Orenges Sugar Skinnes of India and great plentie of the best Salt THE SEA COASTES of Andaluzia made according vnto the right situation thereof eauen as they appeare open with their Riuers and hauens A DECLARATION OF THE SEA CHART FROM THE FARTHEST part of England to Plimouth IF comming out of the East you are bound with the Sorlinges shape your course in by the Easterne shore at 8. or 9. fatham There is a Bulwarke or sconce before the castell And thence off a little waye lieth a rocke vnder water you may sayle betwixt it and the Bulwarke On the west side of the hauen are two rockes keepe them in one and goe neare the North shoare so shall you safely sayle without the poynt in 10. fatham but take heede you come no nearer To go cleare of the rocke that lieth in the entrance set the northerne rocke northward of the other rocke so much as you may see thorough them and then are you on the North-side of the rocke that lieth in the entrie And when you are past the rockes that are aboue water turne Northward neare the castell and anker at 8. or 9. fatham If you wil go from the Lysarde to Monsbay hold on west North-west vntill you see the castell in Monsbay vpon a high round rocke Then beare into the Bay right on the west side of the castell vntill you discerne a litle Island nigh the west coast wherevpon are two sharpe steeples like vnto watch-towers or beakons And goe so into the Bay nigh to that Island or rocke for there alongest it is cleare leauing the castell a good way on your starrebord side by reason of the rockes adioyning VVhen you are past the Island you shall see a great sandy bay where you may anker in 7. or 8. fatham But the best of the roade agaynst a South South South-east winde is at 6. or 7. fathā If you will sayle to Fallmouth hale inwardes alongest the Easterne shoare two cables off that you may be cleare of the blinde rocke that lieth in the entrie Beyond the hauen standes a high wood which you must keepe beyond the Northerne poynt of the west land By that wood are two chalky marks which you must likewise keepe aboue the sayd poynt then beare towards the middest of the high west land where you may anker at 15. fatham at the northerne poynt of the high land But if you will runne farther in plie Eastward towardes the Bay and when you are cleare of the shoald which reacheth downe from the Easterne tower inwards towardes the middest along the hauen there anker within the bancke neare the East land at 8. or 10. fatham Foy standeth also in a great Bay beeing a bard hauen where on each side standes a tower Beare in betweene both shoares But on the west-side the water is broader betweene the stakes and the tower which standeth on the west coast But if you will hale in along the west shoare within the stakes bearing a little off from the land holde about the middest of the channell but nearer to the westward vntill you come before the towne where at full sea you haue depth enough Here is no great trade or traffique but for broad cloathes kersies and Tinne The greatest part of the inhabitantes liue vpon grasing shipping THE SEA COASTES of England from the Sorlinges by the landes end to Plymouth with the hauens and harbrowghes A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTES OF ENGLAND betweene Plimouth and Portland IF you will sayle into the Sounde of Plimouth and goe cleare of the Rocke beare alongst hard by the East-side of the Island wher it is 5. fatham deepe at high water vntill you see the Churche of Lyme-house on the west-side of the valley for then are you cleere of the rocke behinde that Island and vpon the maine lande of Plimouth standeth a wall which if you doo heedefully marke and Lyme-house Churche appeare on the North head of the aforesayd valley then shall you runne right vpon the Rocke where you haue but 3. fatham at low water yet behinde the Island you may anker in .12 or 13. fatham But if you will forwards into the west harborough set westward between the Island the mayne land vntill you haue opened the west harborough hauen then holde on in the middest of the channell between both landes vntill you are within the west poynt where you may cast anker at 9. or 10. fatham VVhen you will sayle from the Cape called Ramhead into Catvvater then plie towards Plimouth point vntill Catvvater lie open before you leaue the greater parte of the water on your starborde side and so sayle into the middest of the channell where you may anker right against the northland in 4. or 5. fatham at a dead low water And you may anker also on the side of the entrie vnder the Cape of Ramhead Northward thereof by the shoare in 10. fatham water for there is cleare grounde If your course lieth to Dartmouth you shal diserne a red point on the East-side of the Hauen and a blacke point at the waters side In the
and North and by east and then the windmill standing westward of the foreland appeareth on the west side of the valley hold then on North and by East vntil you haue brought the tower of the Foreland on the East-side of the sayd valley and then are you on the North side of the Querns The markes hereof are when you see a litle tower standing on the forelandes point and an other on the Southforeland ouer against the third white downe at the castels side But if you come from the North and will sayle within the Goodvvin take heede you come no nearer the Quernes then 7. fathā Then setting the south Foreland from you South south west you haue the best depth when the broad Tower is brought into Ramsgate you are then at the Quernes But when the windmill appeareth in Ramsgate or in the valley you are then on the South of the Quernes But when you be at the downes and the innermost corner of the cliffe be South Southwest from you then the Quernes beare North and by East and the North-end of the Goodvvin North-east and by North and Northeast from you If you will sayle frō Margate into the Thames shape your course by north the foreland west South west then holde on alongest the coast west and west and by north to the Reculuers where a ship that drawes much water must staie for the tide to passe ouer the shoaldes called the Lastes betweene a buy and a beacon where is 3. fatham depth From the buy set west north west and west and by north towardes the Beacon standing northward where you haue also 3. fatham water and assoone as you are past that Beacon it is but 2. fatham deepe at halfe floud frō thence plie west northwest into the channell holde then for the most parte towardes the north shoare because of the Norre which reacheth down frō the South shoare and goe so foorth amiddest the riuer vp vnto Grauesend But if you will backe againe alongest the North coast out into the Sea shunne Blactaeil poynt before the middle shoald afterwards plie Northeast and northeast and by north vntill you haue brought a certaine Sharpe steeple in the middest betweene two others The great spire steeple is called S. Matthevves Abbey By these markes you may passe thorough the Spittes within halfe a cables length off the shoare then hold on alongest the shoare Northeast vnto the Nase where two trees stand vpon a high hill when they are both in one cond North Northwest by the markes of Harvvich vntill you come before the hauen And from thence holde on northeast by North to Orfordnesse and so North Eastward into the sea But when you shall be come to the Spittes and the Beacon standing vpon the shoaldes of Shovv beare west Southwest You are then in the Kings channel which lieth to the seaward North northeast where at low water you haue 4. fatham If you will beare in with Harvvich set the broad tower standing westward of Harvvich in the wood Southward of Harvvich and enter northwest and by north and north northwest vntill you are cleare of the fishers stakes Then turne in westward or northward as you please and anker in 6. or 7. fatham About halfe a league from the northend of the red cliffe lieth the shoald of Bavvdsey If you will enter neare Orfordnesse hale along the shoare vntill Alborough lie north and by west from you and then shall you be on the west side of VVhite Sand and right against Orfordnesse hauen From thence setting South and by west passe by the shoald of Bavvdsey on the out-side then hold on Southwest-ward till you may see Harvvich open of the poynt of the hauen Then commeth Bavvdsey to lie westward of the red cliffe where is safe roade in 5. fatham west northwest of Alborough lieth a shoalde called Abreknocke from thence you haue vnto Galper 8. leagues South Southeast And from Galper to the North foreland 4. leagues Southwest and by South where the tide from the north and South doe crosse each other alongst the coasts of England where also a north and a South moone maketh full sea In these coastes is very great traffique but chiefely of English clothes wooll tinne pewter leade safron sea-coles fire-wood and other commodities which these countries doe yeeld Contrariwise all kinde of salt-fish and great store of linnencloth and other merchaundises is brought thither from Holland and Zealand and there vttered and distributed THE SEA Coastes betweene Douer Orfordnes Wherein is conteined the most famous Riuer of Thames with all the Sands bankes flats sholdes there abou ts according to their 〈◊〉 Salvation and appearing THE NORTH COASTES OF ENGLAND BETVVEENE VVALDERSwicke and Burnham withall the banks and shoalds WHen Eston beareth Southwest and by South from you then are you on the Northside of Couehith shoald But when Kesland lieth west North-west you are on the South-side of that shoald VVhen Lestofs tower standeth Southward of the tree you are then on the Southside of the banckes of Leistofe If you will anker on the South of Leistof borrow of the shoare at 4. fatham till the tower be west and west and by North from you where you may cast anker in 4. fatham water But if you will goe thorough the narrow places within the bankes to the brew-house giue it a little birth of the shoare then edge Northward and North and by westward and anker in the North road before the brew-house at 6. or 7. fatham And if you will out to sea thorough the shoaldes bring the brew-house and the windmill in one and crosse so thorough the shoaldes But if you will holde on your course towardes Yermouth keepe Suthon ouer against the North head or pierre and the great tree southward of the flat church and hold on so straight by yermouth shoaldes called the Holmes Northwarde of the Hauen of Yermouth lieth a shoald called Middle-platt at the west side thereof you haue 7. fatham water Not far from yermouth lieth an other shoald called Rocklyn 9. fatham deepe which you may passe by on both sides to the seawardes There also standeth a broad tower on the Northside of yermouth lying inwardes from the shoare when you haue brought the same to the Southend of the wood you are then on the North part of yermouthes shoaldes If VVynterthon beare South southwest from you as you come from the North you are Southward of the shoald of VVinterthon Thence borrow of the shoare at 3. or 4. fatham till you come Southward of Rocklyn To the Eastward and East and by Northward of yermouth beyond the shoaldes lieth a newe bancke which hath beene there but these 3. or 4. yeares past being of 2. fatham deepth but aswell on the North as the Southside you haue there 20. fatham water Blackneie is a bard hauen you must enter along the shoare and in the entrie lie Buyes Betweene Blackneie and VVelles lieth a shoalde called the Pol and Peper
Scotland S. Andrevvs Bay beareth northward of Fisnes where is salfe harborough for a western wind from S. Andrevvs three leagues northward lieth the riuer of Donde which stretcheth directly in from the sea may anker before the citie of Donde A litle farther in standeth a towne called S. Iohns there lieth also a rocke called the Scaepe before the riuers mouth about halfe a league off the shore South eastward from Donde Two leagues to the North Eastward of Donde standeth a high tower vpon the point called Albror from whence lieth the hauen of Manros two leagues to the northward where on both sides is cleare ground and you may safely enter amidst the channell and turning vp northward may anker before the citie from Manros you haue three leagues Northeast-ward to the cape or poynt called Seynhooft whereon standeth a castell And two leagues Northward from thence lieth the porte of Aberdyne the west side is foule but Eastward it is good and faire enter therefore hard a bord the East shoare till you come into the hauen in the entrie there is 3. fatham water and you may anker before the citie in 4. or 5. fatham From these coastes are transported course scottish clothes frises sea coles and some barley and malt which are the commodities of those portes A DESCRIPTION OF THE coastes betweene Bamburgh Aberdeine wherof Edenburgh is the chiefest martrowne A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE SOVTHERMOST PART OF Norway and of the coasts adioyning IF you will saile into the Naze of Norway enter Westward thereof North northwest leauing the rock called the Bishop boden on your Larbord which lieth in the midst of the Channell Beyng cleare of the same you must carefully as you go inwards beware of another Rocke that lieth vnder water but within it you shall cast anker right agaynst a white Church If you will enter on the west side of Maensounde sayle in North north east but shun the Rockes which lie vnder water on the starborde about the innermost Isle And beyng cleare of them anker in .9 or .10 fatham But if you will enter the Clooffe keepe the Cow and Calfe North north east from you and sayle in westward of Melou but shunne the rocke which lieth in the fayre mid-way And let fall Anker in 15. or 16. fatham by the west shore within the poynte and on the East side of Melou you may goe to Schaersounde and Oedendale If you will beare in with the western hauen of Vlecker or Flecorie Conde a longest the out Schaers of Heiligen sounde and when the Bay of Vlecker openeth before you North north east then hold in between the Island and the maine anker in 15. or 16. fatham agaynst the Rocke whereon standeth a payre of Gallowes The Eastern entrie stretcheth inwardes west northwest and you may see the Bay called the Vos open before you Set al the black rocks on the starrebord and the rock with the two high stonie beacons which are called warders on the Larbord-side and so saile inwards But if you will set towardes Repervvicke keepe the two sharpe rockes standing vppon VVolfsound on the starbord and the three warders with all the rocks on the Larbord and continue your course so in Northward but being cleare of the poynt turne vp westward where you may anker in 10. fatham The Easterne entrie of VVolfsounde stretcheth inwardes Northwest you must leaue the great rocke to the westward whereon standeth an high warder In the Isle of vvolfsounde are three warders turne in westward where you may anker in 25. fatham you may also passe betwixt the rockes to Old Hill sounde which lieth inwards west Northwest Amersounde lieth North north-east in and you may anker behinde the Island neare vnto the high warder 30. fatham depth The Easterne gate or entrie of Amersounde lieth northwest and southeast westward thereof standeth a rocke with a high warder on it The Isle of Hesnes hath two warders vpon it It is there very deepe but towardes the litle church is not so deepe viz. 30. fatham You may sayle within the rocks to Mardou And when the little hills or Holmen are northwest thē you are before Mardou The Isle of Mardou hath two high warders vpon it holde on betweene the Nie-Holmen and the Island where lieth also a suncken rocke neere vnto the sayd Isle And being past the poynt edge North northwest into the great bay and anker therein 30. fatham You haue in the Easterne entrie of Mardou but 3. fatham water and it lieth outwards and inwardes East northeast and west Southwest Being within the Island you may cast anker in 12. or 13. fatham From all these hauens are transported great store of Oken beames rafters railes and all kinde of Oken woode and timber and some sawed bordes and planckes which in the lowe countreyes are much imployed in buildinges The Sea Coastes of Norway as they doo appeare 〈◊〉 to their Situation betweene Der Noess Mardon A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHERNE PARTES OF THE EASTERNE SEA COASTS OF NORway and the countries adioyning IF you wil enter Tromsounde you may saile in beyond Mardou through the faire channell on the Northside stande two warders vpon a high hill where you may let fall anker or sayle on farther to Mardou behind Trom Island If you will beare in with Oxefoort keepe alongst vnder the rocke of Tromsounde and goe first Northwardes and hauing brought the long rocke on the Larbord hold on still Northward when you are a little way entred you shall finde a rocke vnder water in the very entry which you must bring on your starbord then continue your course vntill you are cleare of the westerne poynt where also lyeth a rocke vnder water neare the poynt And from thence sayle to the west and west and by North towards the high land to the Easterne shoare where standeth an high warder where you may anker in 20. or 25. fatham Betweene Oxefoorte and Santfort lieth Longen on the Easterne side standeth a mast with a tonne on it hence off two leagues is Santforde thwart which alongest in the sea lieth a banke which in some places hath but 3. or 4. fatham water and endeth about VVest Kiell VVest Kiell lieth in Northward and you may enter hard by the out rockes of Iofferlande and may sayle about the sayd Island or anker behinde it in 15. or 20. fatham Longsande beareth from that Island a great league North northeast Kinges hauen stretcheth inwardes North northwest where is 30. fatham sounding hale inwardes alongest the ragged poynt from whence the rocke called the Baers lieth not farre but if you would goe to the Nesse being cleare of the great rocke whereon standeth an high warder on your starbord you may sayle betweene the old Longsande and the sayd rocke through into the Nesse passing by the ragged Isle and anker there in 20. or 30. fatham From Longsande set East northeast to Farder betweene which lyeth Larvvicke Stavvangen and Tonsbargen But Bast beareth Northward
from Farder And from thence shape your course to Anslo Copervvicke and Soen vvater and so forwardes thorough the rockes called Lammeren to Braekenes which is a shallow riuer towardes the sides where most part of the firre borde and timber is sawed Rogh point lieth foure leagues North northeast from Farder the rockes called the Sisters are 3. leagues Northeast and by North from Farder The Isle of Akersounde is distant from thence 5. leagues to the Northeast In these partes lie the hauens of the Northeast countrie where now a dayes is the chiefest taking of herringes which was woont to be in Malstrande From all these hauens come deale bordes great and little mastes rayles rafters timber to make hoopes fire woode and such like stuffe fit for building The Sea Coastes of Norway And of the land of North-East as they shewe and appeare betweene Mardou and Akersond according unto their right situation AN EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE NORTHEAST COVNTRIES where Malstrande is the cheefest Porte IF you will saile from the cape called Schagen or Scaw to Masterlande shape your course East north east till you may discouer an high round rocke or hill called Bretto towards which you must beare East North east till the rockes called the Pater nosters be in sight which you shall leaue on your larbord And when you shal be nigh the shoare the entrie of Masterland will be open before you on your South side liyng Eastward and East south eastwardes And leaue the Island wherin standeth a beakon or warlocke on your starbord But when you come to the poynt then the citie lieth open before you make fast a Cable to the Kay and cast Anker to the Seawards You may sayle out agayne Southward into the mayne two or three wayes If you will beare in with Calfsounde enter harde aborde the great Rocke wheron standeth a high warlocke you may by holding on the same course sayle into Coyhell and Bahuys you may also set forwardes to the Riuer of Nilues called VVinder between the Rockes wher on the East side you haue the mayne and the channell lieth open before you Right before the Riuer lieth a ragged Island which you must leaue on the Larborde You may anker vnder the same in 15. or 16. fatham the hauen is called Reefsounde Two leagues Eastward of Reefsounde lieth the Island Malesounde which you may sayle rounde about Consbaeke lieth from thence two leagues to the East north eastward Monstersounde standeth also on the East-side of the hauen and from thence VVaersberghe lieth 3. leagues to the Southward If you will sayle to vvaersberghe bringe the Castle which standeth in the mayne lande South of you and holde on thorough the middest of the channell between the Island and the Easterne shoare but edge nearer the island because of the rocke vnderwater that stretcheth out from the eastern poynt There is also a blinde Rocke at the poynte of the Island when you are cleare thereof you may borrow of the Northern shore and there come to anker for it is broade and 4. or 5. fatham deepe Parte of these Coastes doo belonge to the gouernement of the Kynge of Svvedeland and parte to the Kynge of Denmarke Their traffique is all sortes of Tallow and such grosse wares Skines Hides Barly and great stoare of Filberd-nuttes A MOST PERFECT description of the Sea coastes of the North East land parte of Norway part of Swedeland as it lieth betwene Distelbergh and Waersbergh A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPALL PART OF DENmarke where standeth the famous citie of Capen-hauen the cheefest place of the kings residence NOrth-east and by North of Coll lieth an Island called Swedero which is like an hauen on the inside but it is open on the North-side If you cannot goe cleare of Coll beare boldly with the sayd Island hold on streight within the great rock neere the church where you may anker in 10. fatham and ride safely From Anholte set South southeast towardes Zealande And if by reason that the winde hangeth Easterly you cannot get into the Sound hale alongst the coast of Zealand on the backside of Haselin where is good ground in euery place for ankering There is also a great bay which is a good harborough ouer-right alongst the coasts of Zealand for a Northeast winde where is 5. or 6. fatham water To saile into the Sound hold Southeasterly in from Coll but bring not the Isle of VVeen open of Elsenoers castell till you are cleare of Svvynebode Then may you passe by Lappesande thorough the middest of the channell and being past the castell anker where you list Towardes VVeen are certaine places where is good riding in 7. fatham water but it lieth farre from the shoare If you saile from the Sound to Coppen hauen being come to the ende of the wood you may sound the whole channell as you go vpon 5. or 6. fatham and not faile to find the Buy but keep still in 5. fatham when the tower of Coppen hauen is Southwest from you then are you come neare the first Buy where you haue 7. fatham on the East side holde on from the Northerne Buy to the other South by East borrow of the westerne coast if the wind hang westerly in 6. or 7. fatham where you haue also 9. or 10. fatham water Set Southward frō the second to the third Buy for there haue you 10. or 11. fatham then are you right against Southolme where it is shallower and narower from thence continue your course south to the Buy of Casperkine where is 7. fatham water The Fissher lieth from the Buy in Casperkine East and by North the west side thereof is very shallow Your course from Casperkine to the shoald or sand called Drakerriff is South where a Buy lieth in 5. fatham water but from Drakerriff to Steden South and by westward and then haue you sometimes deeper sounding But when you are betwixt Steden and Falsterborne and the flat broad tower of Falsterborne be one with the castell then are you at the poynt of the Riffe or bancke where lieth a Buy in 4. fatham depth and there beginneth the Easterne sea called the Belt and may shape your course thence Easterly towardes Brontholme If you will backe againe from Steden towardes Draker when you come neare Drakerriff if the tower of Coppen hauen appeare on the East side of Draker wood bring Draker North and by west off you so shal you go cleare of the Riff And when the tower of Coppen hauen is to sight a ships length Eastward from the wood you are thwart of Drakerriff Buy where you haue 5. fatham water Your course from Drakerriff to the Buy in Casperkine is almost plaine North where it is about 6. or 7. fatham deepe and there the channell is narrower But from Casperkine to the other three Buyes set North and north and by west where you haue 10. 9. 8. or 7. fathā water when Coppen hauen is Southwest then are you come
outtermost or the furtheste parte of the Easterne Sea East 〈…〉 which lyeth Jnclosed with in the coastes of East Finland Rusland â—â—…sland and wherin lye the Narâ—… and Wyboâ—gh the twoo furthermost 〈…〉 â—archante towne of 〈…〉 with all the 〈◊〉 of the situation 〈…〉 A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF LIFLAND ABOVT REVEL AND Moonsound and of the coasts adioyning FRom the Isle of Nargen to the buy you haue a great league East and by South and from the buy to Reuell two great leagues not farre from the Isle of VVolfsound is a blind rocke when the tower of Reuell appeareth ouer the point of the Island you are come neare the Rocke which lieth halfe a league Northwest from VVolfsound On the East side of vvolfsound are two Islandes called VVrangen you may anker within them in the channell at 10. or 12. fatham A league and a half to the North northwest of them lieth a blinde rocke and an other halfe a league off plain North. The shoare of Lyfland is all cleare ground If you will sayle from Oegens-holme into Moonsund keepe South southwest and Southwest by west vntill you are within Osse-holme Grasholme lieth a league beyond Osseholme which you may sayle round about or ride there at your pleasure Grasgrond lieth a league within Grasholme in the midst of the channel but borow of the land of Syburgnesse or Dagerorts along by the little Islands a reasonable distance off keepe within al the Islandes S and by E. and S. vntill you come to the westerne coast of Oesell nigh the great tree where you haue 4. fatham water sometimes but three Holde on alongst the coast of Oesell foure or fiue leagues Southeast and by East till you come to a little Island then keepe on betweene that Island and Oesell vntill you come to the farthest partes of Oessell where is 8. fatham water Halfe a league from thence lieth a shoalde called the Pater noster which you must sayle aloufe off Then may you plie agayne Southward to Runen which is an Island situate ten leagues hence in the great bay of Righe Reuell being the moste famous Marte of the whole countrie so flourished thirtie yeares past that euery yeare there arriued and were vnladen aboue an hundreth great ships with salt which were also woont to be fraighted there againe with VVheate Rie VVaxe Flaxe Hempe all kinde of Skinnes and Furres and such like commodities of good value But it is now so decayed by reason of the continuall warres with the Muscouytes that through the whole yeare there are scarce sixe ships laden which hath bene to the generall impouerishing of this citie and countrie A DILLJGENT description of THE SEA COASTES of Lyffland with all the Jles there vnto appartaniÌ„g eeueÌ„ as they do appeare and open when you sayle there alongst from Ekehol men vnto Syburghs ness A PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF RIGHE AND PARNOVT AND OF the Islandes adioyninge YOu must sayle from Domesnest to Runen 6. leagues East and East and by North and from Runen to the northeren coast of Oesell where Moonsound beginneth you haue 10. leagues North and North and by East from Runen again vnto Kyne 8. leagues East north east From Kyne to Pernout it is 7. leagues North east and by East where in the entrie you haue but 6. or .8 foote depth the channell sometimes shifteth from place to place and serueth only for small vessels called Boyers There standeth a litle towne between Pernout and Righe called Salles where lieth a shoald in 8. foote depth before the entrie and serueth likewise but for small vessels Duinemonde of Righe beareth from Runen 12. leagues South east The eye markes to enter the riuer of Duina are when the watch-house that standeth a litle way from the castle of Duinemond is one with the great tree and the southside of the citie of Righe with the poynt of Terspille These are the right markes to sayle into the Riuer a good wayes turne then vp sometimes Southward till you come between both landes Then borrow of the South coast to the poynt of Terspille where you may anker in any place in 6. or 7. fatham you must go by your Lead because the channell altereth almost euery yeare 4. leagues to the Southward of Domesnest is a litle riuer where many small vessels doo lade In these two places thirtie or fortie yeres past was great traffique of al kinde of costly marchandizes which through the continuall warres with the Muscouytes is almost vtterly decayed Notwithstandyng there is yet some traffique at Righe for euery yeare thirtie or fortie shippes laden with Salt are there discharged and aboue an hundred ships are likewise fraighted with wheate Rie Clawbordes and waynscot wax Flax Hempe Pitch Tarre Salt and drie Hides Sheepe-skinnes Furres and other like commodities of good valew THE SEA card of the Sea coastes of Lyffland comprehending the land lying rounde about the great JuhaÌ„ of the Ryghish eueÌ„ as they do appeare open when you sayl thee alongst A MOST PLAINE DESCRIPTION OF THE ISLE OF OESEL WHICH lieth betweene the Belt and the bay of Righ and stretcheth vp from the narrow entrie or straight towardes Righe and Parnout YOur course from Domesnest to Runen is 6. leagues East and by North and so farre lieth Abbrick from Runen whereaboutes are many dangerous shoaldes in your faire way 3. or 4. fatham deepe But being past Domesnest you may see it when you are a great league from Oesell Aberburgh beareth westward of it where shippes are fraighted with Barley Mault Tarre all kinde of grosse wares and diuers Skinnes and Furres From Domesnest lieth a very dangerous riffe or a rough and stone bancke a league out into the sea Northeast and Northeast and by East The roade of Oesell lieth from Domesnest three leagues Northwest and Northwest by west where in 7. fatham is good ground to anker There stretcheth downe also from the South end of Oesell a riffe or bancke two leagues in length into the sea Southward and South and by westward which is both hard and roomie westward from this riffe lye many scattering shoaldes and banckes which stretch out Northward alongst the coast of Oesell where in many places you haue onely 2. 3. 4. 5. fatham c. There are besides in Oesell two other hauens where shippes are laden viz. VVyck and another 5. leagues from thence Northward Hontsfort beareth from VVyck eight leagues North and from thence haue you six leagues to Dagerort North Northwest wherein standeth an high Tower which you may see on both sides of the land Betweene both these heades you may sayle to Hontsvvick which is a perillous bay for there are many shipwrackes by reason the pilots are not skilfull thereaboutes Now that I may againe set downe the entrance of Moonsound Saile from Runen North and North and by East to the North poynt of Oesell and they lye ten leagues one from an other but beare aloufe from the shoald called the Pater noster which ioyneth to
eight leagues and your course lieth from thence South southwest and North northeast The Belt runneth in betweene Longland and Laland From the coastes of Laland stretcheth out a Riff into the sea a league distant from Langland when you haue brought the Tower of Maschou Northwest from you then do you strike vpon the Riff wherefore shape your course neare Longland side in 5. fatham water and so shall you goe cleare of the poynt called Laland Haecken But when the sayd Tower beareth East Northeast from you you are past the poynt then conde Northward vnto Sproy alongst Langeland Vnder the Isle of Moon is good anker ground on both sides albeit from the North coast there stretcheth out a Riff within which you may anker and on the South side there is good harborough from a North northeast and a Northwinde viz. from the Northeast to the northwest side alongst hard by the poynt the ground is fayre and cleare from rockes as you may perceiue by the charte Geester-riff lieth six leagues South southwest from the point of Moon This countrie of Mekelenburgh vttereth sundry sortes of Beere viz. Mesan Rostroyck and Lubeck Beere besides much Rie VVheate Tallow VVood and skinnes In the Island of Rughen which belongeth to this Dukedome is good store of Rie Femer also is one of the chiefest places both for wheate Barley Mault and such like things Ouer against Femer lieth Laland from whence is carried at sometimes some small quantitie of Barley and Mault A TRVE AND PERFECT pourtraiete of the duchie of Mekelenburghe from Iasmunde to femeren A PERFIT POVRTRAict of the Sea coastes of Laland and the countries adioyninge A PERFECT DESCRIPTION OF THE BELT AND ALL THE ISLANDS ROCKS Bancks Shoalds and Riffs which are betweene Lalands Riff and Stephens head HOw Lalandsand may be shunned hath been shewed in the former table ouer against it Eggeford in which you may sayle to Flensburgh runneth into the Belt which thwart ouer against Laland Riff is 6. or 7. fatham deepe The North coast of Langland is fiue or six leagues Northward from hence but the Sproy is not past three leagues to the Northwest from the Northbound of Langland and you may sayle round about it from the South coast of it there trendeth a riff well neere a quarter of a league into the sea The sound of Newburgh is distant from thence two leagues Southwest and by West and it is roomy and large You must geue a good birth off the Northerne bulwarke because it is rockie The entry hath 5. 6. and 7. fatham water There is the kings custome payd There is a little Island to the Southwardes of Newburghs mouth called Frisell that way may you sayle to Flensburgh betweene the Island and Swyneland In the same course you shall meete with another litle Island called Omen Groen sound or the Northbound of Laland is two great leagues of Sproy And Groen sound sloweth betweene Zealand and Laland but hard by Geester riff it falleth agayne into the Traue of Femeren there the Belt is 10. or 12. fatham deepe The Riems lye two leagues North Northwest from the Sproy and asmuch from Knoutshead Now Riems is an Island about the poynt of Finland and can hardly be sayled about for that there wants water at the West side vnder it there is good road on both sides in 6. or 7. fatham The vttermost part of Swyneland lyeth North and by West two leagues from Riems From hence the Isle of Sampson lieth about two great leagues on the South side wherof are many stragling shoalds of two or three fatham Between the North poynt of Finland and the South poynt of Sampson you may saile into Meluersound which runneth between Yutland and Fynland It hath many Portes wherein shippes are fraught to wit Flensbourgh Hadderslo Meluer and many other litle townes as may bee seen in the perticuler Table From Riems Northwest foure leagues lieth a shoald called the Beltsack in the middest of the channell from whence three leagues to the North north east standeth a high Rocky Island called VVero This course or channell hath 10. or 12. fatham There are three or foure other Rockes or Holmes to the Westward between which in many places you may sayle in small Boates but the course is most perillous because it is full of rockes and shoalds between the Sampson and the VVero About Northeast from VVero is Syro a litle Island between these two is a most dangerous sande called Hatters riff yet keeping on your course a quarter of a league of them you shall go cleare of it you haue 4. or 5. fatham water on the side next to VVero but on the East side of Syro you haue deeper water fit for greate vessels Rednes is three great leagues South and by West from Syro and of the North west side of Syro there is a a Riff or shoald to bee taken heede of Both of them in many places shew aboue water Stephen head lieth from these sandes fiues leagues North Northwest The great Helmes lie from VVero and Hatersriff two leagues North Northwest hauing 4. or 5. fatham depth From hence into Arhuse sound your course lieth neere hand West Northwest Arhuse is seated in a Bay which hath 2. or 3. fathā depth Southward from Arhuse sound runneth VVedersound between Yuthland and Sampson but euery where ful of Shoaldes So that he that will sayle it hath neede of good experience of this course For it aboundeth with shoaldes and sandes But between the great Helmes and Yuthland there is 6. or 7. fatham deepth Stephens head lieth from the great Helmes fiue leagues first Southeast and then North northeast Half a great league Southward of Stephens head lieth a shoald of two or three foote water called Caleground Southward whereof there runneth in the Grymsound in which you may sayle vp to Grimstead which is a hauen fit to frayght Pinnaces and such like vessels From the South poynt of Stephens head lieth Aelburgh sound Seuen leagues off North and by West In the very hauen or sounde there are two Buyes and there is almost two fatham water On the West side of that Sound is a flat steeple called Hals from whence to Haselyng which is an Island neare to Codanonia or Zeland the course is fifteene leagues almost Southeast and by east From the North coast of Haseling about two great leagues North east and by North lie the shoaldes of Looseground or quicksande which haue not past foure or fiue foote water The Island may be seen in the Wast of the shippe if you set sayle from out of the Sound with a West winde take heed of these shoaldes But if you will set from Stephens head towardes Sebuy you shall meet with a bancke of 6. or 7. fatham called Sweetering thwart off Aelburgh sound But when you are come so farre that the high hill behind Sebuy beginneth to appeare to you Northwest and by North set your course North northwest and when you haue shallow water then
beare in 2. fatham you may also goe in there by your plumet and cast anker when you are past the poynt For all the whole channell is crooked sounding ground therefore assoone as you are within the poynt cast anker You may likewise take your course towardes Fanu in 3. fatham and so enter alongst the South coast There lyeth inward a riuer or creeke vp into the land wherevpon standeth a litle Tower called VVoer or VVoerd and on the Westside of this Riuer Boyers are laden assoone as you are within Graew diep there lieth a long sandy hill called Langleg hale in alongest that sand and leaue it on your Larbord Knutse diep lieth from Graews diep two great leagues where two land markes stand vpon a drie shoald which you must set almost East Southeast and East and by South and when they are one you shall find the first Buy from whence hold on to the second East Southeast vntill you are past the land markes Then haue you also on the Larbord side a little shoald when you are past the same turne vp Northwarde toward the beacons and cast anker in 3. 4. or 5. fatham There lie the ships that are bound outward from Rypen On the South end of Fanu are two indifferent high white Downes and are called the Southerne head On the North side standeth a broad Tower whereby the coast is very easily knowne About a great league Southward of Fanu lieth a litle rounde Island called Manu from whence stretcheth a flatt about a league and a halfe into the seaward As much Southward from thence beareth the Isle of Ryme which is two leagues long from thence two leagues into the sea is shallow water The Diep of Rypen goeth in betweene Ryme and Manu which is nought and all flatte and now a dayes not vsed by such as trauell to Rypen Silt is distant from Rym a league betweene these Islands goeth in the best Diep or channell of all Iutland for when the water is lowest it is 5. or 6. fatham deepe and stretcheth inwardes most East Southeast and East and by South On the Northpart of Sylt is an high redde cliff wheron standeth a church built minster like and a mill But within Silt you may peceiue a litle Island wheron standeth a house and when you haue brought that house about a cables length Northward of the Northcoast of Sylt and the blacke inland beginneth to couer the red cliff and to take it from your sight then are you come to the entrance and then sayle in East Southeast vntill you are within the Rust which is left on the starbord side And being past it you haue yet two other small shoaldes by the poynt of Sylt from whence runneth downe a violent and mightie streame towardes the North coast In the channell it is 10. 11. and 12. fatham deepe Then turne vp towardes the house almost Southeast and you shall perceiue in Sylt a house which is the Admiralles whether you must direct your course and cast anker for there is safe riding in all weathers But if you are bound vp to Lutk Tonderen you must there take in a Pilott which must sounde the channell Your course from hence to Tonderen lieth East southeast and East and by South you may also go in by the shoald of the Isle of Ryme sounding as you passe in 3. or 4. fatham There is also a little entrie hard by Sylt which you may passe into vnder the same Island But when you are cleere of the Rust turne towardes Rym and saile then vpon the markes Your course lieth from the Vlie to Numit North Northeast more Easterly 40. leagues From the Vlie to Scelenckrooge you haue xxxiiii leagues Northeast and by North from the Vlie to Knuyts diep your course is Northeast and moste Northerly 32. leagues and this is your way to Ripen From the Vlie to Sylt your course lieth Northeast 30. leagues out of this part of Iutland commeth a great number of Beefes Barley Mault Fatt Suet Tallow and such lyke THE Situation of 〈◊〉 with the â—auens Riuers shoalds and 〈…〉 from Boeuenberger vnto the I le of Silt ¶ An exacte and most dilligent description of Eyderste Ditmers and of the Sea coastes adioyning with their true site and distances TO saile from holy land to Liste or Silt Deepe your course is North and North and by West vntil you are past the shoald called Amerenborne which lieth out in vii or viii fatham depth almost west south west of the Isle of Ameren From whence set North north East vi or vii leagues towarde the North side of Sylt or Lyst how this Channell is to be entred the former Charte doth sufficiently instruct you There is also a little deepe neere the South shoare of Sylt fit for small vessels and fisher boates which at halfe floode hath about two fatham water On the South side of this entrie lieth a shoald alongst the Isle of Ameren and from thence stretcheth downe almost 11. leagues and a halfe into the sea where you haue iiii or v. fatham By night you can come no néerer this shoald then in 7. fatham water for about halfe a league from the Island it lieth aboue water And you may anker vnder the same in x. or xi fatham then may you sée Ameren almost halfe a league from you East and East and by North. But when it shall be north East from you or north East and by East you are on the South side of the shoald and may borrowe of the shoare in foure or fiue fatham Then saile in betwéene Ameren and the saide shoald North and north and by East towards the North Coast of the Island But about Ameren you must goe with your lead vntill you haue brought it Southward of you where you shall anker betweene the shoaldes of Sylt and Ameren which are both drie at low water There is safe riding in fyue or syxe fatham at halfe floode for any wind And if it happen that you are put to anker vnder the same with a ship that draweth much water bring the north part of Ameren North and by East from you and hold on to the North Coast of Ameren vntill you are cléere of the shoald where you may anker in what place you list because it is there déepe enough This entrie is called the Red déepe If comming from the sea you will saile in here set the highest Downe of Ameren south East Saile in betwéene the shoald and the bankes of the narrow déepe called Small Deepe vntill you are come néere the Coast of Ameren And borrowe alongst of the shoare in vi or vii fatham vntill you are past the north point of the Island and set the Island South from you But this entry is not for ships of burden The Fishermen of Voren do vse this place bothe for their going in and out on the South side of Sylt And if you will beare in with Small Deepe bring the Tower of Pielwormen East and by North
buy is right against Bilenburghe in the midst of the Channell and there haue you also an other buy Now kéepe on south south-east from Rugerorie to the buy vppon Stadersand leauing the buy on the starboord and the Fishers stakes on the larboord side from thence to the buy in the Channell called Willern◠Vliet or Luy south-east and south-east and by south and so to the buy of Terloo east southeast and from thence hold east-ward to the buy in Hanneball but from Hanneball you must plie towardes the buy vppon the shoald called Blanckenewsand east and east and by north kéepe this buy aunswering to the great trée vpon Blancknewsand haling northward alongst the shoare to the fyshing place and from thence edge south-east to the buy that lieth vpon Bucht so to Ecchour east by north and where you haue 3. or 4. fa water as your course lieth The Elue hath xiiii or xv fa. without the Channell and a little from Scorton buy lieth Honts balch stretching inwards for the most part south south-east and south and by east to the Beacons which stand on the west side but without it is wide large and serueth for smal Vessels to passe by the shoald called Wadt into the Weser Betwéene the Weser Honts balch are two other Roades called Balgen If you be distrest about the southerne shoalds called Sudergronden saile to them in fiue or sixe fa. water after hale alongst by them but when you shall haue found a greater depth viz. viii or ix fa. and that you gage water you are come to the other shoalde They lie both inwards east south-east and all the shoares may be sounded vntill you haue a safe Roade within the shoaldes The southerne or westerne shoald called Breebalge lieth a kenning from the Newe worke If you will saile into the Weeser shape your course towardes the Islande called Wrangeroaghe in vii fatham water then edge north-east till you haue x. or xi fatham depth where lieth the vttermost buy north north-west of Menser Church and at the outermost part or end of Red sand From thence hold on to the fift buy eastward which lieth at the head of the Red sand and north and by east of Menser Church on the north side therof beginneth the middle shoald called the Midleplate betwéene which and the white grounds you may passe with your plummet in foure fatham water to goe to the Elue for the shoaldes called white ground are but thrée or foure fatham déepe The flood sets into this Channell or course by the Red sand southeast and the eb contrariwise from the buy at the head of the shoald to the buy that lieth in the maine Channell or way south-east and south-east and by south And in the same way lieth also an other buy and the course from the true deepth to the buy called Nolletton is south east somewhat more easterly and this buy lieth at the ende of the high way called the Hoogs wegh And from thence to the buy in Bolsserfile south-east a little more southerly from thence to the wicker marke called the Bolbaecken south south-east which being past you shal finde an other Beakon where you haue good harborough for a west winde From the marke called Bolbaecken to the buy in the open Channell set south-east more easterly or from the other sayd marke east south-east and south-east and by east That buy lieth north north-east of Longworde Church And the Boelbaecken beareth northward of the same Church your course from the first buy of this shoald to the next lieth east south-east south-east and by east and it is at the end or foote of Cappelmans sand you may passe on the west side of it in two fa. a half at halfe flood Betwéene these buyes are two or thre Beakons which you must leaue on the larboord you may saile from the innermost buy of the shoald by Cappelmans sand toward Waddens south-east and south south-east then alongst the west shoare to Blixen where is the Roade for ships that goe out But if you goe to the Wester Weser called Iaa hold on towards the Island Wrangeroghe in foure or fiue fatham water and saile in eastward till you are past the said Island where you haue the first buy at the point of Steenbalge shoald which you may saile in by at thrée or foure fatham water where also Mensser Church standeth south from you from thence set east south-east to the second and third buyes east and by south from thence lieth a buy called Iaa tunne from hence you may almost perceiue an other buy in Weeser Channell north and north and by east From the buy vppon the shoalde called Mensser-olde-ort to Scollich-ort or Huick-syll kéepe south and south and by west but from Huick-syll alongst the west shoare south and south and by east and from Huick-syll to Sypkes sand east south-east and south-east and by south you may saile by the shoald of Sypkessand but holde alongst the east shoare till you come to the passage then turne westward and let fall anker it is there large and wide and full of little Islands inwards The worst depth of the Iaa is of thrée fatham But if you will into Harle déepe set towards the Island Spickerooges in thrée or foure fatham where you shall enter eastward and there you haue the outmost buy from whence you may goe to the next east and east and by south where at halfe floode is two fatham depth and a little after you are past this other buy there lieth a shoalde which you may passe by on both sides and your course then lieth south south-west and otherwhile more southerly to Fouksyle There lieth out from the west point of the Islande Spikerooghe a Riffe saile in on the southside of that Riffe at the entry called Ossebalche alongst the Island called Langerooche in thrée or foure fatham but in the very enttry within the ryffe you haue onely two fatham water but when you are come to the farthest part of the Isle Langerooche beare towards the riffe for betwéene that and the shoald is 7. or 8. fatham water when you are cleere off the should hold on south-east then towards the Wester Wadt more east and south south-east The enter course and traffique of these Coastes and Hauens is of many sundry kindes of merchandises as Sope Ashes wheate Rie and Barlie They yéelde also salt and dry Mydes sawed Boards Timber Pitch Tarre Hamborough Beare Tallow c. And many other commodities But the chéefest and principall Marte of these Contries is Hamboroughe A DESCRIPTION OF THE Sea coastes of Eyder Ditmerstet a part of Jeuerland with the Riuers of Wese Elue Eyder Heuer and other entrees sandes and shoaldes lienge alongest thes sea coaste of Germany A MOST EXACT DESCRIPTION OF THE SEA COASTS OF FRISELAND WITH the riuers of Weser and Emes and of Scholbalch IF you will sayle into the Weser shape your course towardes the Isle of VVrangerough in 9. fatham but