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water_n great_a river_n run_v 5,834 5 6.9033 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A52257 Cosmographia, or, A view of the terrestrial and cœlestial globes in a brief explanation of the principles of plain and solid geometry applied to surveying and gauging of cask : the doctrine of primum mobile : with an account of the Juilan & Gregorian calendars, and the computation of the places of the sun, moon, and fixed stars ... : to which is added an introduction unto geography / by John Newton ... Newton, John, 1622-1678. 1679 (1679) Wing N1055; ESTC R17177 190,483 519

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Mediterraneum And it takes it name first either from the adjacent Shore as Mare Adriaticum from the City of Adria or secondly from the first discoverer as Mare Magellanicum from Magellanus who first found it or thirdly from some remarkable accident as Mare Icarium from the drowning of Icarus the Son of Daedalus 21. Fretum a Strait is a part of the Ocean penned within some narrow Bounds and opening a way into some Sea or out of some Sea into the Ocean as the Strait of Hellespont Gibralter c. 22. Lacus a Lake is a great body or collection of Water which hath no visible Intercourse with the Sea or influx into it as the Lake of Thrasymene in Italy and Lacus Asphaltites or the dead Sea in the Land of C●naan 23. Flumen or Fluvius is a water-course continually running whereby it differs frum Stagnum a standing Pool issuing from some Spring or Lake and emptying it self into some part of the Sea or some other great River the mouth or outlet of which is called Ostium And thus we have gon over those particulars both of Earth and Water which appertain to this Science of Geography in the general We will now proceed to a more particular Consideration of the several parts into which the Terrestial Globe is commonly divided CHAP. III. Of Europe THe Terrestial Globe is divided into two parts known or unknown 2. The unknown or the parts of the World not fully discovered are distinguished into North and South the unknown parts of the World towards the North are those which lie between the North part of Europe or America and the North Pole and the unknown parts of the World toward the South are those which ly between the South part of America and the South Pole 3. The known parts of the World were antiently these three Europe Asia and Africk to which in latter ages a fourth hath been added which is called America 4. Europe is bounded on the North with the Northern Ocean and on the South with the Mediterranean Sea on the East with the River Tanais and on the West with the Western Ocean and is contained between the Tropick of Cancer and the Pole Arctick or 44 degrees as most do say taking its beginning Southward from Sicily where the Pole is elevated 36 degrees and is thence continued to 80 degrees of North Latitude and so the whole Latitude of Europe is in English miles 2640 but some allow to Europe 45 degrees of Latitude that is in English miles 2700. 5. The Longitude of Europe is reckoned from the furthest part of Spain and the Atlantick Ocean to the River Tanais which some reckon to be 60 Degrees to one of which Degrees passing through the middle of Europe they allow fifteen German miles almost or sixty English and so the Longitude in German miles is 900 in English 3600. 6. Europe though the least of all the four Quarters of the World is yet of most renown amongst us First because of the temperature of the Air and fertility of the Soil Secondly from the study of Arts both ingenuous and mechanical Thirdly of the Roman and Greek Monarchies Fourthly from the purity and sincerity of the Christian Faith Fifthly because we dwell in it and so give it the first place 7. Europe may be considered as it stands divided into the Continent and the Islands the Continent lying all together containeth these Countries 1. Spain 2. France 3. Germany 4. Italy and the Alpes 5. Belgium 6. Denmark 7. Swethland 8. Russia 9. Poland 10. Hungary 11. Sclavonia 12. Dacia and 13. Greece Of each of which I will give some short account as also of the chief Islands as they are dispersed in the Greek AEgaean Cretan and Io●ian Seas with those in the Adriatick Mediterranean and in the British and Northern Ocean 8. Amongst these I give Spain the first place as being the most Western Part of all the Continent of Europe environed on all sides with the Sea except towards France from which it is separated by the Pyrenaean Hills but more particularly it is bounded upon the North with the Cantabrian on the West with the Atlantick Ocean on the South with the Straits of Gibralter on the East with the Mediterranean and on the North East with the said Pyren●ean Hills The Figure of it is compared by Strabo to an Oxes hide spread upon the Ground the Neck whereof being that Isthmus which unites it to France 9. The greatest length hereof it reckoned at 800 miles the breadth where it is broadest at 500 the whole Circumforence 2480 Italian miles but Mariana measuring the compass of it by the bendings of the Pyrenaean Hills and the creeks and windings of the Sea makes the full circuit of it to be 2816 miles of Italian measure 10. It is situate in the more Southerly Part of the Northern temperate Zone and almost in the midst of the fourth and sixth Climates the longest day being 15 hours and a quarter in length in the most Northern Parts hereof but in the extream South near to Gibralter not above fourteen which Situation of this Country rendreth the Air here very clear and calm seldom obscured with mists and vapours and not so much subject to Diseases as the more Northern Regions are 11. This Continent is subdivided into the Kingdoms of Navarr 2. Biscay 3. Guipusco● 4. Lean and Oviodo 5. Gallicia 6. Corduba 7. Granada 8. Murcia 9. Toledo 10. Castile 11. Portugal 12. Valentia 13. Catalonia 14. Majorca And 15. Aragon but all of them are now united in the Monarchy of Spain 12. France according to the present dimensions of it is bounded on the East with a Branch of the Alpes which divide Dauphine and Piemont as also with the Countries of Savoy Switzerland and some Parts of Germany and the Netherlands On the West with the Aquitanick Ocean and a Branch of the Pyrenaean Mountains which divide it from Spain On the North with the English Ocean and some Parts of Belgium and on the South with the rest of the Pyrenaean Mountains and the Mideterranean 13. The Figure of it is almost square each side of the Quadrature being reckoned 600 miles in length but they that go more exactly to work upon it make the length thereof to be 660 Italian miles the breadth 570 the whole Circumference 2040. It is seated in the Northern temperate Zone between the middle Parallel of the first Clime where the longest day is 15 hours and the middle Parallel of the eighth Clime where the longest day is 16 hours and a half 14. The Principal Provinces in this flourishing Country are 1. France specially so called 2. Champagne 3. Picardy 4. Normandy 5. Bretagne 6. The Estates of Angiou 7. La Beausio 8. Nivernois 9. The Dukedom of Bourbon 10. Berry 11. Poictou 12. Limosin 13. Piregort 14. Quercu 15. Aquitain 16. Languedoc 17. Provence 18. Daulphine 19. La Bresse 20. Lionnois 21. The Dutchy 22. The County of Burgundy 23. The Islands in the Aquitanick