and_o largeness_n all_o those_o of_o other_o kingdom_n which_o be_v know_v to_o we_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o principal_a mandarin_n appear_v to_o be_v city_n and_o the_o house_n of_o wealthy_a private_a person_n resemble_v so_o many_o palace_n they_o consist_v of_o five_o or_o six_o apartment_n not_o one_o above_o another_o as_o in_o europe_n but_o one_o beyond_o another_o and_o upon_o the_o same_o platform_n every_o apartment_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o other_o by_o a_o large_a court_n from_o which_o you_o ascend_v into_o the_o hall_n and_o chamber_n by_o a_o ascent_n of_o six_o or_o seven_o step_n i_o have_v speak_v in_o general_a of_o their_o work_n and_o building_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n i_o have_v also_o describe_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n the_o celebrate_a bridge_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v not_o far_o from_o pekim_a and_o i_o intend_v to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o last_o of_o the_o emperor_n palace_n nevertheless_o that_o i_o may_v give_v a_o more_o just_a idea_n of_o the_o grandeur_n and_o magnificence_n of_o the_o public_a work_n of_o china_n i_o shall_v here_o make_v a_o rehearsal_n of_o what_o i_o have_v already_o say_v in_o the_o annual_a letter_n of_o the_o year_n 1659._o touch_v the_o grand_a canal_n which_o if_o i_o be_o not_o deceive_v surpass_v all_o other_o work_n of_o this_o nature_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v now_o above_o four_o hundred_o year_n ago_o since_o the_o western_a tartar_n conquer_a all_o china_n their_o emperor_n settle_v his_o residence_n in_o the_o city_n of_o pekim_a which_o he_o found_v anew_o to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v govern_v his_o territory_n with_o more_o ease_n for_o that_o he_o be_v also_o lord_n of_o all_o the_o western_a tartary_n which_o extend_v itself_o from_o the_o province_n of_o pekim_n to_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o mogul_n to_o persia_n and_o the_o caspian_a sea._n but_o in_o regard_n the_o northern_a province_n can_v not_o furnish_v so_o large_a a_o city_n with_o provision_n necessary_a for_o their_o subsistence_n he_o order_v a_o great_a number_n of_o vessel_n to_o be_v build_v to_o bring_v victual_n spice_n and_o merchandise_n of_o all_o sort_n to_o pekim_a from_o the_o southern_a province_n however_o perceive_v the_o incertainty_n of_o those_o voyage_n and_o how_o that_o calm_n and_o tempest_n cause_v the_o loss_n of_o a_o infinite_a quantity_n of_o provision_n and_o merchandise_n he_o employ_v workman_n without_o number_n who_o at_o vast_a expense_n and_o with_o a_o unparalleled_a industry_n open_v a_o canal_n three_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o chinese_n furlong_n or_o two_o hundred_o forty_o five_o portugal_n league_n in_o length_n through_o several_a province_n this_o canal_n as_o well_o to_o weaken_v the_o current_n of_o the_o stream_n as_o to_o make_v it_o more_o deep_a by_o retain_v the_o water_n within_o it_o be_v furnish_v with_o seventy_o two_o sluice_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v chan_n they_o have_v every_o one_o great_a gate_n which_o be_v make_v of_o large_a piece_n of_o timber_n and_o which_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o night_n but_o set_v open_a in_o the_o day_n time_n for_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o sluice_n be_v pass_v through_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ease_n but_o there_o be_v some_o which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v shoot_v but_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o pain_n and_o danger_n more_o especial_o one_o which_o the_o chineses_n call_v tien_n fi-cha_a or_o the_o queen_n and_o mistress_n of_o heaven_n thereby_o to_o express_v in_o hyperbolical_a term_n the_o extraordinary_a height_n of_o it_o when_o the_o bark_n be_v row_v against_o the_o stream_n and_o come_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o sluice_n the_o waterman_n fasten_v to_o the_o prow_n a_o great_a number_n of_o cable_n and_o cordage_n which_o be_v draw_v on_o both_o side_n the_o canal_n by_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o man_n and_o sometime_o more_o according_a to_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o lade_n other_o at_o the_o same_o time_n labour_n at_o capstanes_n place_v upon_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o sluice_n which_o be_v very_o broad_a and_o build_v of_o freestone_n beside_o the_o rope_n already_o mention_v there_o be_v other_o which_o be_v very_o strong_a wound_v about_o great_a pillar_n of_o stone_n or_o wood_n to_o hold_v the_o vessel_n if_o any_o of_o the_o other_o cordage_n shall_v chance_v to_o break_v when_o these_o cord_n be_v all_o fasten_v they_o begin_v to_o haule_v by_o degree_n as_o it_o be_v keep_v time_n to_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o basin_n upon_o which_o they_o knock_v at_o first_o but_o soft_o and_o with_o some_o interval_n between_o the_o stroke_n but_o when_o half_a the_o bark_n at_o least_o be_v raise_v to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o upper_a channel_n in_o regard_n the_o current_n be_v then_o much_o strong_a they_o knock_v upon_o the_o basin_n with_o thick_a stroke_n at_o what_o time_n the_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o haule_n all_o together_o with_o loud_a hey_o boy_n and_o give_v such_o a_o stretch_n that_o the_o vessel_n mount_v up_o in_o a_o moment_n and_o be_v secure_v in_o the_o dead_a water_n between_o the_o side_n of_o the_o canal_n and_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o current_n the_o vessel_n on_o the_o other_o side_n fall_v down_o with_o more_o speed_n and_o ease_n but_o with_o more_o danger_n for_o the_o prevention_n of_o which_o they_o fasten_v a_o great_a number_n of_o cord_n to_o the_o poop_n which_o be_v let_v go_v or_o hold_v right_o with_o equal_a care_n and_o observation_n by_o those_o that_o hold_v the_o rope_n on_o both_o side_n the_o canal_n at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v other_o man_n on_o both_o side_n the_o vessel_n who_o with_o long_a pole_n with_o iron_n head_n guide_v the_o bark_n through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o canal_n to_o prevent_v she_o strike_v against_o the_o jaume_n or_o great_a stone_n to_o which_o the_o gate_n be_v fasten_v which_o when_o the_o bark_n have_v pass_v the_o cord_n be_v le_fw-fr we_o go_v which_o keep_v she_o from_o plunge_a and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o currant_n carry_v she_o as_o swift_a as_o a_o arrow_n out_o of_o a_o bow_n till_o she_o stop_v by_o degree_n as_o the_o stream_n grow_v weak_a and_o weak_a and_o carry_v she_o according_a to_o her_o usual_a course_n this_o canal_n begin_v at_o the_o city_n of_o tum_o cheu_n distant_a about_o two_o league_n and_o a_o half_a from_o pekim_a there_o be_v in_o the_o same_o place_n a_o river_n with_o the_o current_n of_o which_o vessel_n drive_v till_o near_o the_o sea_n it_o fall_v into_o another_o through_o which_o the_o vessel_n sail_v for_o some_o few_o day_n but_o than_o you_o come_v into_o a_o canal_n make_v with_o hand_n and_o after_o you_o have_v sail_v twenty_o or_o five_o and_o twenty_o league_n you_o come_v to_o a_o temple_n call_v fuen_v hui_o miaò_fw-la or_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o spirit_n which_o divide_v the_o water_n as_o far_o as_o this_o place_n you_o row_v upon_o the_o canal_n against_o the_o stream_n but_o when_o you_o come_v just_a against_o this_o temple_n you_o begin_v to_o swim_v with_o the_o stream_n and_o make_v use_v only_o of_o your_o oar_n now_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v of_o our_o engineer_n and_o famous_a wit_n of_o europe_n how_o this_o can_v be_v and_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o work_n of_o art_n or_o nature_n a_o bark_n lie_v cross_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o canal_n with_o the_o prow_n to_o the_o west_n on_o the_o temple_n side_n and_o the_o poop_n to_o the_o east_n now_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o water_n run_v towards_o the_o north_n on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o run_v towards_o the_o south_n to_o unfold_v this_o riddle_n you_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o on_o the_o east_n side_n at_o the_o distance_n of_o about_o half_a a_o day_n journey_n there_o lie_v a_o great_a lake_n between_o high_a mountain_n the_o water_n of_o which_o swell_v a_o good_a large_a river_n that_o bend_v its_o course_n towards_o the_o sea_n upon_o the_o east_n side_n now_o the_o chineses_n stop_v up_o that_o outlet_n and_o have_v cut_v through_o the_o mountain_n open_v a_o canal_n by_o which_o they_o bring_v the_o water_n to_o the_o temple_n in_o that_o part_n they_o hallow_a two_o other_o canal_n one_o towards_o the_o north_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o south_n and_o this_o with_o so_o true_a a_o proportion_n and_o regular_a line_n that_o the_o water_n come_v to_o the_o middle_n before_o the_o temple_n take_v their_o leaf_n and_o one_o part_n of_o the_o stream_n run_v equal_o to_o the_o north_n and_o the_o other_o towards_o the_o south_n as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o the_o follow_a figure_n this_o canal_n in_o some_o place_n run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o
a_o stranger_n can_v not_o understand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o language_n but_o hear_v the_o tartar_n so_o often_o call_v the_o southern_a chineses_n mangi_n believe_v it_o to_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o nation_n and_o not_o a_o name_n of_o reproach_n however_o that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o far_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o name_n of_o catai_n and_o mangi_n be_v quite_o different_a and_o do_v not_o both_o of_o they_o signify_v china_n i_o shall_v here_o translate_v a_o piece_n of_o the_o forty_o four_o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o book_n of_o marcus_n paulus_n by_o which_o it_o will_v evident_o appear_v that_o what_o i_o affirm_v be_v a_o constant_a and_o assure_a truth_n for_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n of_o the_o great_a river_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o vastness_n of_o its_o stream_n the_o chineses_n call_v â—…_n âm_fw-la eu_fw-fr kiam_fw-la or_o the_o river_n son_n of_o the_o sea_n he_o go_v on_o in_o this_o manner_n cainguiâ—…s_v â—…s_z a_o small_a city_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o this_o river_n upon_o the_o southside_n where_o they_o gather_v ever_o year_n a_o great_a quantity_n of_o rice_n the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o be_v carry_v to_o cambalu_n to_o supply_v the_o court_n of_o the_o great_a cam._n these_o provision_n be_v transport_v to_o catai_n by_o water_n over_o river_n and_o lake_n and_o one_o large_a and_o deep_a canal_n which_o the_o great_a cam_n have_v cause_v to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o passage_n of_o vessel_n from_o one_o river_n to_o another_o and_o to_o go_v from_o the_o province_n of_o mangi_n to_o cambalu_n without_o go_v by_o sea._n this_o be_v a_o work_n of_o wonder_n for_o its_o situation_n and_o its_o length_n but_o more_o for_o the_o benefit_n which_o the_o city_n receive_v from_o it_o the_o great_a cham_n also_o cause_v to_o be_v raise_v all_o along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o say_a river_n and_o canal_n very_o strong_a and_o spacious_a dam_n for_o traveller_n to_o walk_v upon_o these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o m._n paulus_n and_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o this_o great_a work_n in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n but_o as_o for_o caingui_n mention_v by_o that_o author_n to_o speak_v proper_o it_o be_v neither_o a_o town_n nor_o a_o city_n the_o chineses_n call_v it_o chim_z kiam_fw-la keu_n that_o be_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o son_n of_o the_o river_n in_o regard_n that_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o river_n separate_v in_o that_o place_n and_o after_o it_o have_v run_v through_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o nan_n kim_n cross_v the_o country_n of_o vhe_fw-it kiam_fw-la as_o far_a as_o the_o capital_a city_n of_o it_o call_v ham_n cheu_n on_o both_o the_o side_n of_o this_o mouth_n there_o be_v one_o of_o those_o sort_n of_o place_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v mâ_fw-la teû_fw-fr that_o be_v a_o place_n frequent_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o trade_n because_o the_o bark_n there_o meet_v and_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n to_o ride_v secure_a in_o the_o night_n time_n now_o this_o place_n of_o which_o marcus_n paulus_n speak_v may_v well_o be_v call_v a_o town_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o extraordinary_a number_n of_o vessel_n that_o resort_v thither_o though_o it_o be_v neither_o wall_v nor_o have_v building_n enough_o to_o form_v a_o city_n now_o though_o this_o be_v perfect_o know_v by_o all_o such_o as_o be_v employ_v as_o missionary_n into_o this_o kingdom_n yet_o i_o can_v forbear_v to_o the_o end_n i_o may_v make_v this_o matter_n yet_o more_o evident_a to_o unfold_v some_o other_o passage_n of_o the_o same_o author_n and_o to_o begin_v with_o the_o name_n of_o so_o many_o city_n of_o which_o he_o make_v mention_n in_o his_o history_n in_o the_o twenty_o seven_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n he_o speak_v of_o the_o city_n of_o tainfu_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v tai_n yven_v fu_n and_o which_o as_o we_o have_v say_v be_v the_o capitol_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la in_o the_o 28_o chapter_n he_o speak_v of_o another_o city_n of_o the_o same_o province_n call_v by_o the_o chinese_n pim_n yam_fw-la fu_fw-la and_o which_o be_v a_o city_n of_o the_o second_o rank_n as_o be_v the_o most_o rich_a and_o potent_a in_o the_o whole_a empire_n except_o that_o of_o sucheu_o in_o the_o province_n of_o nankin_n in_o the_o 56th_o chapter_n he_o speak_v of_o the_o city_n of_o coiganzù_n which_o be_v call_v hoaì_n gââ—…_n fû_fw-fr which_o be_v a_o town_n of_o great_a trade_n and_o very_o rich_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n which_o be_v there_o make_v as_o in_o the_o territory_n round_o about_o and_o which_o be_v thence_o transport_v into_o several_a part_n of_o the_o empire_n as_o m._n paulus_n observe_v in_o the_o same_o chapter_n in_o the_o 65th_o chapter_n he_o speak_v of_o the_o city_n of_o chian_a gian_n fu_o which_o be_v call_v chim_z kiam_fw-la fu_fw-la in_o his_o seventi_v chapter_n he_o describe_v the_o city_n of_o tâ—…pinxu_fw-la otherwise_o tai_n 〈◊〉_d fu_o in_o the_o province_n of_o namkim_n in_o the_o 75th_o he_o mention_n the_o city_n of_o fogiu_n otherwise_o foe_n cheu_n the_o capital_a of_o the_o province_n of_o foyes_n kien_n in_o the_o 76th_o he_o have_v the_o city_n of_o quelinfu_n which_o be_v call_v kien_fw-mi nim_fw-mi fu_fw-mi he_o also_o report_v that_o about_o this_o city_n there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o lion_n and_o that_o he_o repeat_v several_a time_n in_o other_o place_n which_o give_v we_o to_o understand_v that_o he_o be_v misinform_v in_o most_o thing_n since_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o chinese_n never_o see_v a_o lion_n not_o so_o much_o as_o in_o picture_n and_o therefore_o they_o paint_v a_o lion_n quite_o another_o creature_n than_o he_o be_v for_o my_o part_n i_o be_o persuade_v that_o m._n paulus_n be_v mistake_v in_o believe_v those_o great_a and_o furious_a tiger_n which_o be_v so_o common_a in_o that_o empire_n to_o be_v lion_n and_o he_o confirm_v i_o in_o this_o persuasion_n by_o say_v in_o the_o 14_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n that_o the_o great_a have_fw-mi have_v lion_n train_v up_o to_o hunt_v the_o other_o wild_a beast_n and_o that_o they_o be_v mark_v with_o white_a black_a and_o red_a list_n or_o streak_n and_o be_v large_a than_o the_o lion_n of_o babylon_n all_o which_o perfect_o agree_v with_o the_o description_n of_o the_o tiger_n or_o leopard_n which_o several_a of_o the_o prince_n of_o asia_n make_v use_n of_o in_o their_o châ—…ces_n but_o not_o at_o all_o with_o the_o description_n of_o lion_n the_o same_o author_n make_v mention_n of_o several_a other_o city_n the_o name_n of_o which_o be_v so_o change_v that_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v chinesie_n that_o they_o have_v no_o resemblance_n to_o the_o language_n nevertheless_o we_o clear_o find_v that_o the_o province_n and_o city_n which_o he_o place_n in_o catai_n and_o mangi_n belong_v all_o to_o china_n because_o they_o general_o end_v with_o the_o syllable_n fu_fw-fr which_o in_o the_o chinesie_n language_n signify_v a_o city_n for_o example_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o province_n of_o canton_n be_v quam_fw-la cheu_fw-la fu_fw-la quam_fw-la cheu_fw-la be_v the_o proper_a name_n that_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o rest_n and_o fu_n signify_v a_o city_n as_o polis_n among_o the_o greek_n and_o so_o constantinopolis_n signify_v the_o city_n of_o constantine_n and_o adrianopolis_n the_o city_n of_o adrian_n we_o draw_v the_o second_o proof_n of_o the_o description_n which_o m._n paulus_n make_v in_o the_o sixteen_o and_o seven_o teenth_n chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a city_n of_o pekim_n and_o the_o king_n palace_n in_o regard_n that_o all_o that_o he_o speak_v of_o it_o be_v conformable_a to_o what_o we_o see_v at_o this_o day_n and_o to_o what_o we_o shall_v describe_v in_o the_o progress_n of_o this_o relation_n the_o third_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o wine_n which_o be_v drink_v in_o that_o court_n and_o the_o stone-coal_n which_o they_o burn_v there_o and_o be_v call_v muy_fw-es this_o coal_n be_v bring_v from_o certain_a mountain_n two_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o city_n and_o it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a thing_n that_o the_o mine_n have_v never_o fail_v notwithstanding_o that_o for_o above_o these_o four_o thousand_o year_n not_o only_o this_o city_n so_o large_a and_o populous_a but_o also_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o province_n have_v consume_v such_o a_o incredible_a quantity_n there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o family_n though_o never_o so_o poor_a which_o have_v not_o a_o stove_n heat_v with_o this_o coal_n that_o last_v and_o preserve_v a_o heat_n much_o more_o violent_a than_o charcoal_n these_o stove_n be_v make_v of_o brick_n like_o a_o bed_n or_o couch_n three_o or_o four_o hand_n breadth_n high_a and_o broad_a or_o
clock_n in_o the_o morning_n of_o a_o sudden_a there_o come_v a_o deluge_n that_o overflow_v the_o new_a city_n the_o suburb_n and_o the_o plane_n adjoin_v present_o they_o shut_v up_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o old_a city_n and_o stop_v up_o all_o the_o hole_n and_o cleft_n with_o chalk_n and_o bitumen_n mingle_v together_o to_o prevent_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o water_n but_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o new_a city_n be_v overturn_v and_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o poor_a creature_n especial_o woman_n and_o child_n be_v either_o drown_v or_o bury_v in_o the_o ruin_n a_o great_a number_n of_o village_n and_o house_n of_o pleasure_n be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o impetuosity_n of_o the_o inundation_n and_o the_o same_o thing_n happen_v to_o the_o neighbour_a city_n all_o the_o people_n flee_v for_o refuge_n to_o the_o high_a place_n or_o climb_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tree_n where_o several_a confound_v with_o their_o fear_n or_o faint_v for_o want_n of_o food_n drop_v down_o into_o the_o water_n and_o miserable_o perish_v in_o other_o province_n their_o happen_v accident_n and_o calamity_n yet_o more_o strange_a occasion_v by_o dreadful_a earthquake_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o pleasure_n of_o god_n to_o punish_v those_o insidel_n for_o the_o persecution_n which_o they_o have_v raise_v against_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o the_o preacher_n of_o the_o gospel_n never_o be_v â—…en_o the_o like_a consternation_n in_o that_o court_n where_o all_o man_n be_v reduce_v to_o utmost_a despair_n not_o be_v able_a to_o divine_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o extraordinary_a a_o deluge_n at_o last_o the_o king_n have_v send_v out_o certain_a people_n upon_o raft_n of_o timber_n for_o they_o have_v no_o boat_n at_o pekim_n to_o examine_v the_o reason_n they_o find_v that_o the_o trouble_a river_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o make_v mention_n have_v break_v down_o the_o dam_n and_o make_v itself_o a_o new_a channel_n across_o the_o field_n and_o suburb_n of_o the_o city_n which_o beget_v such_o a_o amaze_a fear_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n that_o the_o king_n and_o the_o grandee_n be_v just_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o remove_v to_o some_o other_o place_n the_o same_o fury_n of_o the_o inundation_n carry_v away_o several_a rock_n which_o knock_v against_o the_o pile_n of_o the_o famous_a bridge_n shake_v it_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o break_v down_o two_o of_o the_o arch_n the_o five_o proof_n be_v that_o m._n paulus_n in_o the_o thirty_o second_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n speak_v of_o that_o great_a river_n which_o the_o tartar_n call_v caramoran_n and_o the_o chinese_n hoâm_n hô_o or_o the_o yellow_a river_n in_o regard_n that_o the_o slimy_a mud_n which_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o make_v the_o water_n to_o look_v of_o that_o colour_n in_o the_o thirty_o six_o chapter_n he_o make_v mention_n of_o another_o river_n which_o he_o call_v in_o the_o chinese_n language_n o_o kiam_fw-la or_o the_o great_a river_n and_o which_o the_o chineses_n as_o we_o have_v say_v already_o call_v yam_n cu_z kiam_fw-la or_o the_o river_n son_n of_o the_o sea._n in_o the_o thirty_o six_o chapter_n describe_v the_o city_n which_o he_o call_v kimsai_n and_o which_o erroneous_o he_o will_v have_v to_o signify_v the_o city_n of_o heaven_n though_o the_o word_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o signify_v a_o court_n he_o report_v several_a particular_n concern_v it_o for_o example_n that_o the_o city_n be_v seat_v between_o a_o great_a lake_n and_o a_o great_a river_n and_o that_o round_a about_o the_o lake_n be_v to_o be_v see_v several_a palace_n of_o the_o grandee_n and_o divers_a temple_n of_o the_o bonze_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v very_o true_a only_o that_o he_o stretch_v too_o far_o where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o city_n be_v a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o circuit_n wherein_o he_o show_v himself_o rather_o a_o poet_n then_o a_o historian_n however_o it_o be_v the_o description_n which_o he_o make_v of_o the_o city_n and_o palace_n of_o cambalu_n sufficient_o demonstrate_v that_o catai_n be_v a_o part_n of_o china_n and_o that_o what_o he_o say_v of_o the_o city_n of_o kimsai_n be_v enough_o to_o prove_v that_o mangi_n be_v another_o part_n of_o the_o same_o empire_n for_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o relation_n be_v entire_o conformable_a to_o what_o we_o ourselves_o have_v see_v yet_o if_o m._n paulus_n have_v understand_v the_o chinese_n language_n as_o he_o say_v he_o understand_v that_o of_o the_o tartar_n he_o have_v with_o more_o exactness_n set_v down_o the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n and_o province_n and_o other_o particular_n which_o he_o report_v concern_v that_o empire_n but_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n he_o shall_v so_o often_o corrupt_a the_o name_n since_o we_o ourselves_o who_o upon_o our_o first_o arrival_n apply_v ourselves_o with_o all_o the_o industry_n imaginable_a to_o understand_v the_o chinese_n letter_n and_o language_n after_o the_o study_n of_o several_a year_n be_v frequent_o deceive_v and_o quite_o mistake_v some_o part_n of_o the_o word_n so_o that_o we_o must_v not_o be_v surprise_v if_o a_o knight_n who_o only_o mind_v his_o military_a design_n and_o to_o court_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o great_a have_fw-mi and_o only_o converse_v with_o the_o tartar_n who_o for_o want_v of_o politeness_n be_v the_o great_a corrupter_n of_o word_n above_o other_o nation_n shall_v fall_v into_o the_o same_o inconuènience_n for_o he_o have_v corrupt_v name_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o they_o among_o we_o who_o have_v the_o great_a knowledge_n of_o the_o language_n and_o the_o empire_n have_v much_o ado_n to_o pick_v out_o the_o meaning_n of_o many_o of_o he_o mistake_v nevertheless_o by_o a_o strict_a examination_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n and_o other_o circumstance_n of_o his_o relation_n we_o at_o length_n find_v out_o what_o he_o intend_v father_n martin_n martini_n so_o famous_a for_o his_o atlas_n of_o china_n as_o witty_a and_o ingenious_a as_o he_o be_v can_v not_o exempt_v himself_o from_o commit_v the_o like_a error_n insomuch_o that_o we_o who_o have_v reside_v in_o this_o empire_n for_o so_o many_o year_n have_v find_v it_o very_o difficult_a to_o understand_v the_o person_n and_o the_o place_n of_o which_o he_o speak_v especial_o in_o the_o name_n that_o ought_v to_o terminate_v in_o m_n and_o which_o he_o always_o end_v in_o ng._n for_o example_n instead_o of_o say_n pekim_n nankim_n chekîam_n yûmlie_o cûmchîm_n he_o always_o write_v peking_n nank_v chekiang_n yeunglie_o cungch_v wherein_o he_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v deceive_v because_o that_o manner_n of_o writing_n do_v no_o way_n correspond_v with_o the_o chinese_n pronunciation_n which_o answer_v to_o that_o of_o our_o m._n and_o not_o of_o ng_z nor_o will_v it_o avail_v to_o say_v that_o the_o german_n pronounce_v i'm_n open_a with_o a_o soft_a production_n of_o the_o sound_n almost_o like_o ng_z because_o they_o express_v it_o somewhat_o through_o the_o nose_n for_o that_o the_o letter_n m_o whether_o pronunce_v open_a or_o close_o have_v always_o a_o much_o great_a correspondence_n with_o the_o chinese_n and_o latin_a pronunciation_n than_o the_o letter_n ng._n so_o much_o the_o more_o because_o the_o german_n pronounce_v i_o be_o final_a open_a rather_o like_a in_o or_o en_fw-fr then_o in_o or_o em._n so_o that_o indeed_o this_o reason_n may_v have_v be_v in_o some_o measure_n pardonable_a have_v the_o father_n write_v in_o high-dutch_a or_o only_o to_o the_o german_n but_o have_v write_v in_o latin_a and_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o all_o europe_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v conform_v to_o the_o most_o exact_a and_o common_a pronunciation_n philip_n cluverius_n in_o his_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o six_o book_n make_v a_o doubt_n whether_o the_o city_n of_o kimsai_n of_o which_o m._n polo_n make_v mention_n in_o his_o sixty_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n wâ—…re_v the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o tartary_n or_o the_o king_n of_o china_n he_o also_o with_o good_a reason_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o hyperbole_n which_o m._n polo_n make_v we_o in_o describe_v the_o say_a city_n of_o kimsai_n for_o the_o resolve_v of_o which_o difficulty_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o observe_v that_o instead_o of_o kimsai_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v write_v kimsu_n the_o master_n court._n for_o that_o kim_n signify_v a_o court_n and_o sum_z a_o master_n the_o court_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o model_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n kimsai_n then_o or_o kimsu_n be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o family_n of_o sum_n who_o the_o western_a tartar_n despoil_v of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o time_n of_o m._n polo_n a_o hundred_o year_n after_o that_o nankim_n and_o
may_v be_v the_o first_o king_n of_o china_n in_o the_o regard_n that_o if_o we_o set_v aside_o the_o fable_n which_o the_o chineses_n have_v add_v and_o of_o which_o the_o greek_n and_o roman_n be_v no_o less_o guilty_a when_o they_o speak_v of_o their_o first_o founder_n the_o sequel_n of_o their_o story_n and_o the_o successive_a train_n of_o their_o king_n seem_v to_o have_v much_o of_o truth_n for_o according_a to_o the_o computation_n of_o their_o history_n and_o chronology_n we_o clear_o find_v that_o the_o first_o king_n of_o china_n begin_v to_o reign_v about_o two_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o universal_a deluge_n according_a to_o the_o version_n of_o the_o seventy_o interpreter_n in_o which_o time_n the_o descendant_n of_o noah_n may_v well_o spread_v themselves_o to_o the_o far_a end_n of_o asia_n see_v that_o within_o the_o same_o space_n they_o expanded_a themselves_o over_o all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o asia_n into_o africa_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o europe_n the_o three_o opinion_n assert_n that_o the_o first_o king_n of_o china_n be_v yao_n who_o according_a to_o their_o chronology_n begin_v to_o reign_v four_o thousand_o and_o twenty_o five_o year_n ago_o their_o history_n relate_v that_o in_o his_o time_n there_o be_v both_o mathematician_n and_o astrologer_n that_o he_o cause_v great_a ditch_n and_o channel_n to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o drain_n away_o of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o grand_a deluge_n that_o till_o then_o cover_v the_o valley_n and_o the_o champaign_n ground_n this_o king_n be_v a_o prince_n illustrious_a for_o his_o virtue_n and_o his_o transcendent_a part_n and_o be_v still_o honour_a as_o one_o of_o the_o will_z sest_z and_o most_o virtuous_a prince_n of_o china_n this_o opi_fw-la nion_n pass_v for_o currant_n and_o unquestionable_a among_o the_o chinese_n and_o all_o the_o father_n that_o have_v have_v the_o great_a knowledge_n and_o insight_n into_o their_o book_n and_o history_n hold_v this_o latter_a opinion_n for_o certain_a and_o the_o second_o for_o probable_a and_o because_o that_o according_a to_o the_o version_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n call_v the_o vulgar_a it_o will_v of_o necessity_n follow_v that_o fohi_n and_o yao_n must_v have_v be_v bear_v and_o reign_v before_o the_o deluge_n therefore_o we_o be_v force_v in_o this_o country_n to_o follow_v the_o version_n of_o the_o seventy_o which_o be_v grant_v the_o history_n of_o this_o empire_n seem_v very_o probable_a well_o trace_v and_o conformable_a not_o only_o to_o the_o egyptian_a assyrian_a greek_a and_o roman_a history_n but_o which_o be_v yet_o far_o more_o surprise_v to_o the_o chronology_n of_o sacred_a scripture_n according_a to_o the_o second_o opinion_n then_o which_o be_v most_o probable_a from_o king_n tohi_n who_o begin_v to_o reign_v about_o two_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o deluge_n to_o the_o emperor_n cam_n he_o who_o reign_v in_o the_o year_n 1668._o there_o have_v be_v two_o hundred_o thirty_o six_o king_n divide_v into_o twenty_o two_o sidifferent_a family_n who_o have_v govern_v this_o empire_n for_o the_o space_n of_o four_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o thirty_o four_o year_n which_o family_n endure_v for_o a_o long_o or_o lesser_a time_n according_a as_o they_o govern_v well_o or_o ill_o and_o till_o another_o revolt_a put_v the_o king_n to_o death_n rout_v out_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o his_o family_n and_o all_o the_o nobility_n which_o he_o have_v raise_v and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o empire_n at_o the_o beginning_n these_o rebel_n be_v either_o petty_a king_n or_o great_a lord_n but_o afterward_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v man_n of_o low_a birth_n and_o mean_a condition_n the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o precede_a family_n be_v a_o person_n of_o very_a obscure_a parentage_n who_o name_n be_v chum_n he_o be_v a_o long_a time_n a_o servant_n among_o the_o priest_n of_o the_o idol_n after_o which_o he_o betake_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o robber_n upon_o the_o highway_n afterward_o be_v banish_v he_o put_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o certain_a free_a booter_n and_o after_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o prosperous_a success_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o empire_n at_o his_o coronation_n he_o call_v himself_o hum_n vu_fw-fr or_o the_o valiant_a and_o warlike_a but_o then_o the_o learned_a flatterer_n advance_v his_o title_n and_o call_v he_o tai_n mim_n which_o signify_v a_o reign_n of_o great_a luster_n his_o posterity_n reign_v in_o china_n two_o hundred_o seventy_o six_o year_n and_o till_o the_o year_n 1643_o that_o the_o tartar_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o destroy_v the_o royal_a family_n all_o those_o that_o revolt_v pretend_v that_o it_o be_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o heaven_n that_o send_v they_o to_o ease_v the_o people_n oppress_v by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o their_o governor_n and_o this_o opinion_n or_o rather_o vision_n find_v so_o much_o credit_n in_o the_o priest_n of_o the_o chinese_n and_o be_v so_o deep_o root_v in_o their_o mind_n as_o if_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a truth_n in_o the_o world_n insomuch_o that_o there_o be_v hardly_o one_o among_o they_o that_o do_v not_o hope_n to_o be_v a_o emperor_n at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o those_o frequent_a revolt_v which_o we_o find_v in_o this_o empire_n to_o day_n in_o one_o province_n to_o morrow_n in_o another_o nay_o many_o time_n only_o in_o one_o city_n or_o in_o one_o town_n many_o time_n you_o shall_v see_v a_o miserable_a wretch_n advance_v to_o be_v a_o king_n sometime_o by_o a_o troop_n of_o fifty_o bandity_n sometime_o by_o a_o hundred_o or_o two_o hundred_o peasant_n but_o more_o frequent_o by_o a_o certain_a sect_n of_o idolater_n who_o make_v a_o profession_n of_o create_v new_a king_n and_o establish_v a_o new_a government_n in_o the_o empire_n it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a thing_n to_o see_v the_o comedy_n or_o rather_o tragedy_n which_o be_v act_v every_o day_n upon_o the_o theatre_n of_o this_o empire_n for_o he_o that_o but_o to_o day_n be_v but_o a_o ignominious_a robber_n and_o under_o that_o notion_n both_o dread_v and_o hate_v let_v he_o but_o shift_v his_o habit_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o crown_n the_o robe_n and_o ornament_n of_o a_o king_n and_o the_o same_o man_n to_o morrow_n shall_v be_v belove_v and_o respect_v by_o all_o the_o world_n and_o though_o he_o be_v know_v to_o be_v of_o vile_a and_o abject_a birth_n they_o shall_v present_o call_v he_o the_o son_n of_o heaven_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o universe_n for_o that_o the_o chinese_n as_o we_o have_v say_v call_v their_o kingdom_n tien_n hia_n that_o be_v to_o say_v all_o that_o which_o be_v under_o the_o heaven_n or_o su_n hai_fw-fr chinun_n that_o be_v to_o say_v all_o that_o be_v between_o the_o four_o sea_n title_n conformable_a to_o their_o pride_n and_o their_o ignorance_n and_o to_o their_o scorn_n of_o stranger_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n among_o they_o to_o call_v a_o man_n master_n of_o all_o that_o be_v under_o the_o heaven_n or_o between_o the_o four_o sea_n as_o to_o call_v he_o king_n of_o china_n the_o chineses_n give_v their_o emperor_n several_a losty_a and_o magnificent_a title_n for_o example_n they_o call_v he_o tien_n hu_o son_n of_o heaven_n xim_o tien_n hu_o holy_a son_n of_o heaven_n hoam_o ti_o august_n and_o great_a emperor_n xim_o xoam_n holy_a emperor_n hoam_n xam_n august_n sovereign_a xim_o kium_n holy_a prince_n xim_o xam_n holy_a sovereignty_n que_fw-fr chu_n lord_n of_o the_o kingdom_n chaos_n tim_n palace_n royal_a van_n svi_fw-la ten_o thousand_o year_n with_o several_a other_o title_n full_a of_o grandeur_n and_o majesty_n which_o i_o omit_v for_o fear_v of_o be_v tedious_a so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o say_v son_n of_o heaven_n or_o ten_o thousand_o year_n or_o palace_n royal_a as_o to_o say_v king_n or_o emperor_n yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o idle_a flattery_n this_o prince_n be_v far_o from_o be_v so_o vain_a as_o the_o king_n of_o monomotopa_fw-mi who_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o command_v the_o sun_n the_o moon_n and_o star_n or_o so_o ambitious_o politic_a as_o the_o king_n of_o siam_n who_o know_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o great_a river_n that_o cross_v his_o country_n overflow_v its_o bank_n every_o year_n at_o a_o certain_a season_n and_o that_o it_o return_v again_o by_o degree_n within_o a_o certain_a time_n march_v forth_o in_o great_a pomp_n out_o of_o his_o palace_n to_o command_v the_o water_n to_o retire_v and_o fall_v down_o into_o the_o sea._n for_o though_o the_o chineses_n give_v these_o great_a title_n to_o their_o king_n and_o though_o he_o suffer_v they_o yet_o neither_o he_o nor_o they_o at_o least_o the_o learned_a and_o more_o prudent_a sort_n be_v so_o
restrain_v some_o within_o the_o bound_n of_o duty_n than_o the_o tartar_n enlarge_v their_o offer_n but_o then_o such_o be_v the_o eager_a desire_n of_o those_o perfidious_a officer_n to_o heap_v up_o wealth_n that_o at_o length_n they_o surrender_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o small_a number_n of_o half_a barbarian_n the_o rich_a and_o most_o populous_a kingdom_n in_o the_o world._n in_o the_o same_o book_n you_o see_v the_o number_n of_o soldier_n that_o keep_v guard_n upon_o the_o frontier_n to_o the_o number_n of_o nine_o hundred_o and_o two_o thousand_o and_o fifty_o four_o the_o auxiliary_a force_n that_o lie_v ready_a to_o march_v to_o their_o assistance_n when_o the_o tartar_n be_v upon_o enter_v into_o china_n be_v innumerable_a there_o be_v nine_o hundred_o fourscore_o and_o nine_o thousand_o a_o hundred_o sixty_o seven_o horse_n appoint_v for_o those_o force_n the_o emperor_n expense_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n amount_v every_o year_n to_o five_o million_o thirty_o four_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o fourteen_o liver_n be_v these_o book_n print_v and_o their_o map_n engrave_v with_o that_o skill_n and_o exactness_n as_o map_n be_v do_v in_o europe_n they_o will_v be_v the_o admiration_n of_o all_o curious_a person_n it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o some_o one_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o give_v we_o a_o lively_a representation_n of_o the_o wall_n fortress_n and_o other_o the_o most_o remarkable_a thing_n in_o this_o empire_n now_o by_o what_o we_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o number_n of_o soldier_n appoint_v to_o guard_n the_o wall_n and_o frontier_n against_o the_o tartar_n a_o easy_a judgement_n may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o be_v employ_v upon_o the_o border_n of_o the_o province_n in_o the_o city_n town_n and_o other_o wall_a place_n of_o the_o province_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o that_o have_v not_o a_o garrison_n they_o amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o seven_o hundred_o sixty_o seven_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o man_n which_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n guard_n and_o attend_v in_o the_o day_n time_n upon_o the_o mandarin_n ambassador_n and_o other_o person_n who_o expense_n the_o king_n defray_v and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n keep_v guard_n about_o their_o bark_n or_o their_o lodging_n the_o horse_n also_o which_o the_o king_n keep_v as_o well_o for_o the_o service_n of_o his_o troop_n as_o for_o his_o post_n and_o messenger_n amount_v to_o five_o hundred_o sixty_o four_o thousand_o and_o nine_o hundred_o but_o when_o there_o happen_v any_o revolt_n or_o any_o war_n the_o army_n which_o rendezvous_n from_o all_o the_o province_n be_v almost_o innumerable_a and_o now_o because_o my_o time_n be_v short_a and_o my_o occasion_n oblige_v i_o to_o brevity_n i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o the_o principal_a wonder_n of_o this_o empire_n of_o which_o the_o author_n before_o mention_v give_v a_o large_a account_n there_o be_v in_o the_o fifteen_o province_n three_o hundred_o thirty_o and_o one_o famous_a bridge_n not_o much_o inferior_a to_o that_o of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v and_o to_o those_o which_o be_v describe_v by_o father_n martini_n and_o m._n polo_n in_o their_o description_n of_o china_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o upon_o this_o subject_a see_v that_o if_o i_o be_v to_o describe_v every_o structure_n in_o particular_a that_o be_v considerable_a it_o will_v require_v the_o labour_n of_o several_a volume_n there_o be_v also_o in_o china_n two_o thousand_o fourscore_o and_o nineteen_o mountain_n famous_a â—…her_n for_o be_v cut_v into_o the_o shape_n of_o monstrous_a idol_n as_o be_v that_o which_o i_o have_v mention_v in_o the_o relation_n of_o my_o travel_n from_o the_o province_n of_o kiam_fw-la nân_n or_o nankim_v to_o that_o of_o su_n chuen_n and_o which_o i_o send_v into_o europe_n in_o the_o year_n 1643._o or_o for_o their_o fountain_n their_o particular_a plant_n and_o their_o mineral_n of_o great_a virtue_n or_o for_o their_o extraordinary_a strength_n and_o other_o prerogative_n which_o distinguish_v they_o from_o other_o their_o famous_a water_n such_o as_o be_v their_o lake_n full_a of_o fish_n their_o hot_a fountain_n no_o less_o medicinal_a than_o wonderful_a the_o large_a stream_n and_o navigable_a river_n be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o one_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o seventy_o and_o two._n there_o be_v one_o thousand_o fourscore_o and_o nineteen_o piece_n of_o antiquity_n to_o be_v see_v as_o statue_n famous_a painting_n and_o vessel_n of_o high_a price_n and_o great_o esteem_v one_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o fifty_o nine_o tower_n triumphal_a arch_n and_o other_o such_o like_a magnificent_a piece_n of_o workmanship_n erect_v in_o honour_n of_o renown_a prince_n man_n famous_a for_o their_o valour_n or_o their_o learning_n or_o of_o widow_n and_o virgin_n renown_v for_o their_o chastity_n and_o virtue_n two_o hundred_o seventy_o two_o library_n embellish_v with_o sundry_a ornament_n store_v with_o great_a number_n of_o book_n and_o build_v at_o vast_a expense_n there_o be_v likewise_o to_o be_v see_v seven_o hundred_o and_o nine_o temple_n erect_v by_o the_o chinese_n at_o several_a time_n in_o memory_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o considerable_a for_o their_o largeness_n and_o the_o beauty_n of_o their_o architecture_n for_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o chineses_n to_o testify_v a_o extraordinary_a affection_n and_o obedience_n to_o their_o parent_n especial_o after_o their_o death_n and_o therefore_o to_o make_v this_o manifest_a to_o the_o world_n they_o cause_v to_o be_v build_v at_o great_a expense_n most_o stately_a hall_n wherein_o instead_o of_o image_n and_o statue_n they_o set_v up_o in_o cartredge_n the_o name_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o parent_n also_o upon_o certain_a day_n of_o the_o year_n appoint_v by_o the_o family_n to_o which_o the_o temple_n belong_v they_o assemble_v all_o together_o in_o these_o hall_n where_o they_o prostrate_v themselves_o upon_o the_o ground_n in_o token_n of_o love_n and_o veneration_n which_o do_v they_o offer_v incense_n and_o afterward_o make_v a_o spendid_a feast_n at_o several_a table_n rich_o set_v forth_o and_o adorn_v with_o a_o extraordinary_a decency_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o dish_n and_o viand_n well_o dress_v they_o reckon_v about_o four_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o temple_n of_o idol_n very_o famous_a and_o much_o frequent_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o riches_n their_o magnisicence_n and_o the_o pretend_a miracle_n and_o fable_n which_o they_o report_v concern_v their_o idol_n in_o these_o temple_n and_o in_o other_o of_o which_o the_o number_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v incredible_a no_o less_o than_o three_o hundred_o &_o thousand_o bonze_n have_v their_o habitation_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o can_v not_o conceive_v there_o shall_v be_v so_o great_a a_o number_n and_o therefore_o i_o put_v the_o question_n to_o a_o mandarin_n of_o the_o tribune_n of_o ceremony_n who_o be_v one_o of_o my_o friend_n whether_o it_o be_v true_a or_o no_o â—…_n for_o that_o the_o bonze_n be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o tribunal_n and_o receive_v their_o licence_n from_o it_o which_o they_o call_v tutie_z this_o mandarin_n upon_o a_o diligent_a search_n inform_v i_o that_o within_o the_o city_n and_o court_n of_o pekim_n only_o there_o be_v six_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o sixty_o eight_o bonze_n unmarried_a call_v by_o they_o ho_o xám_n and_o five_o thousand_o and_o twenty_o two_o marry_v and_o which_o like_o the_o former_a have_v also_o their_o passport_n and_o licence_n by_o which_o say_v he_o you_o may_v judge_v of_o the_o number_n disperse_v over_o the_o whole_a empire_n beside_o that_o you_o be_v far_o to_o observe_v that_o within_o the_o number_n of_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o mention_v by_o the_o chinese_n historian_n be_v only_o comprehend_v the_o bonze_n which_o have_v licence_n but_o in_o regard_n that_o among_o six_o or_o seven_o bonze_v not_o above_o one_o or_o two_o general_o have_v licence_n shall_v they_o all_o be_v reckon_v into_o the_o number_n they_o will_v certain_o amount_v to_o above_o a_o million_o there_o be_v moreover_o six_o hundred_o fourscore_o and_o five_o mausoleum_n famous_a for_o their_o architecture_n and_o their_o riches_n for_o in_o china_n all_o person_n be_v prohibit_v under_o great_a penalty_n to_o bury_v their_o dead_a within_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n or_o of_o any_o other_o place_n whatever_o so_o that_o after_o they_o have_v put_v the_o corpse_n in_o the_o cousin_n all_o the_o chincks_n and_o jointure_n of_o which_o be_v stop_v up_o with_o bitumen_n to_o prevent_v the_o scent_n of_o the_o dead_a body_n they_o leave_v they_o in_o the_o house_n where_o they_o die_v for_o some_o month_n and_o many_o time_n for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n together_o the_o magistrate_n in_o all_o that_o
for_o want_v of_o art_n and_o knowledge_n not_o for_o defect_n of_o wit_n they_o have_v also_o several_a book_n that_o treat_v of_o the_o mathematics_n and_o military_a discipline_n and_o several_a excellent_a treatise_n of_o physic_n wherein_o they_o show_v the_o smartness_n of_o their_o wit_n by_o make_v several_a solid_a and_o learned_a discourse_n upon_o the_o pulse_n or_o beat_v of_o artery_n of_o which_o they_o have_v a_o particular_a knowledge_n upon_o the_o manner_n of_o know_v and_o distinguish_v between_o disease_n and_o disease_n they_o have_v several_a pleasant_a romance_n and_o book_n of_o chivalry_n like_o those_o of_o amadis_n de_fw-fr gaul_n oâ—…lando_n furioso_n d._n quixote_n etc._n etc._n and_o volume_n of_o history_n and_o precedent_n of_o obedience_n of_o child_n towards_o their_o parent_n of_o the_o loyalty_n of_o subject_n towards_o their_o prince_n of_o agriculture_n eloquent_a discourse_n pleasant_a poem_n full_a of_o witty_a invention_n tragedy_n and_o comedy_n and_o last_o a_o very_a great_a number_n of_o treatise_n upon_o a_o insinity_n of_o other_o subject_n beside_o that_o such_o be_v their_o readiness_n and_o quickness_n of_o invention_n that_o there_o be_v very_o few_o licentiate_n or_o doctor_n that_o do_v not_o publish_v at_o least_o one_o or_o two_o large_a volume_n they_o have_v five_o volume_n which_o they_o call_v u_o kim_n or_o the_o five_o write_n which_o among_o they_o be_v the_o same_o as_o the_o holy_a scripture_n among_o we_o the_o first_o be_v call_v xu_o kim_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o chronicle_n of_o five_o ancient_a king_n which_o the_o chineses_n esteem_v and_o worship_n for_o saint_n the_o three_o last_o be_v the_o head_n of_o three_o different_a family_n that_o reign_v for_o almost_o two_o thousand_o year_n that_o be_v to_o say_v almost_o as_o long_o as_o the_o nineteen_o family_n that_o succeed_v they_o including_z also_o that_o of_o the_o tartar_n that_o reign_v at_o present_a the_o first_o of_o these_o emperor_n be_v call_v yao_n who_o according_a to_o the_o chinese_n chronicle_n begin_v his_o reign_n four_o thousand_o and_o twenty_o five_o year_n ago_o count_v to_o this_o present_a year_n 1668._o or_o about_o five_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o deluge_n according_a to_o the_o calculation_n of_o the_o seventy_o interpreter_n this_o prince_n the_o legislator_n of_o the_o chinese_n be_v eminent_a for_o several_a virtue_n more_o â—…specially_o for_o his_o extraordinary_a clemency_n justice_n and_o prudence_n now_o in_o regard_n he_o see_v that_o his_o son_n have_v not_o those_o quality_n which_o be_v requisite_a for_o a_o good_a governor_n for_o by_o the_o report_n of_o the_o chinese_n they_o put_v a_o high_a value_n upon_o virtue_n then_o upon_o all_o other_o endowment_n he_o choose_v for_o his_o copartner_n in_o the_o empire_n one_o of_o his_o subject_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o xùn_n who_o he_o declare_v emperor_n upon_o his_o death_n bed_n and_o give_v he_o his_o two_o daughter_n for_o his_o wife_n this_o precedent_n the_o chineses_n make_v use_n of_o to_o maintain_v polygamy_n but_o the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n return_v for_o answer_n according_a to_o the_o sentiment_n of_o the_o father_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o church_n that_o god_n at_o that_o time_n permit_v plurality_n of_o wife_n because_o it_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o multiplication_n of_o human_a kind_a and_o for_o people_n the_o earth_n the_o chineses_n be_v satisfy_v with_o this_o answer_n because_o the_o first_o of_o their_o sacred_a book_n inform_v they_o that_o at_o that_o time_n china_n be_v but_o very_o thin_o inhabit_v moreover_o they_o approve_v the_o exposition_n which_o father_n julio_n aleni_n make_v upon_o that_o passage_n in_o the_o book_n call_v keù_n to_o ge_fw-mi chaos_n compose_v by_o the_o learned_a christian_n of_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_a from_o what_o they_o have_v hear_v the_o learned_a father_n discourse_n both_o in_o public_a and_o private_a that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o though_o the_o word_n of_o the_o text_n of_o that_o first_o book_n be_v cil_n niù_fw-fr those_o two_o monosyllable_n do_v not_o signify_v two_o daughter_n but_o the_o second_o daughter_n of_o the_o emperor_n yao_n which_o he_o marry_v to_o his_o successor_n for_o that_o the_o chinese_n as_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n at_o present_a never_o give_v no_o other_o name_n for_o distinction_n sake_n but_o only_o that_o of_o the_o order_n of_o their_o birth_n as_o for_o example_n the_o first_o the_o second_o the_o third_z son._n so_o that_o when_o they_o read_v that_o yao_n give_v to_o xùn_n cil_n niù_fw-fr the_o meaning_n be_v that_o the_o emperor_n give_v he_o his_o second_o daughter_n the_o letter_n cil_n be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o figure_n 2_o among_o we_o that_o emperor_n xùn_o be_v applaud_v in_o this_o book_n for_o many_o virtue_n but_o more_o especial_o for_o his_o obedience_n to_o his_o father_n and_o his_o affection_n to_o his_o brother_n who_o both_o endeavour_v to_o have_v kill_v he_o several_a time_n but_o he_o suffer_v all_o their_o cruelty_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a patience_n among_o other_o example_n of_o his_o virtue_n there_o be_v two_o philosopher_n who_o report_n how_o that_o one_o day_n his_o father_n and_o his_o brother_n who_o be_v both_o as_o wicked_a as_o he_o be_v virtuous_a command_v he_o to_o go_v down_o into_o a_o well_o to_o cleanse_v it_o immediate_o he_o obey_v but_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o at_o the_o bottom_n but_o those_o barbarian_n transport_v with_o fury_n and_o malice_n draw_v the_o ladder_n and_o throw_v down_o great_a stone_n piece_n of_o wood_n and_o what_o ever_o they_o can_v find_v next_o at_o hand_n to_o destroy_v he_o in_o the_o well_o however_o he_o get_v out_o through_o a_o passage_n which_o he_o discover_v under_o ground_n nevertheless_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o seek_v to_o revenge_v that_o excess_n of_o fury_n and_o inhumaniâ—…y_n that_o he_o repay_v they_o with_o great_a mark_n than_o ever_o of_o respect_n and_o love._n the_o three_o emperor_n be_v call_v yù_n who_o have_v serve_v the_o emperor_n xùn_n during_o his_o life_n time_n with_o great_a loyalty_n and_o advantage_n the_o die_a prince_n make_v choice_n of_o he_o for_o his_o successor_n in_o regard_n that_o his_o son_n beside_o that_o he_o be_v notorious_o wicked_a be_v no_o way_n endow_v with_o part_n to_o govern_v the_o empire_n this_o emperor_n yù_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o his_o predecessor_n take_v care_n to_o drain_v away_o the_o water_n of_o the_o deluge_n which_o at_o that_o time_n overslow_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o plain_n of_o china_n and_o which_o the_o chineses_n call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o hûm_fw-la xùi_fw-la or_o the_o great_a deluge_n of_o water_n this_o emperor_n be_v desirous_a as_o his_o successor_n have_v do_v before_o he_o to_o choose_v for_o his_o successor_n one_o of_o his_o subject_n call_v you_o who_o have_v be_v assistant_n to_o he_o in_o the_o government_n of_o his_o kingdom_n but_o the_o people_n will_v not_o permit_v he_o declare_v that_o the_o emperor_n son_n be_v a_o person_n endue_v with_o all_o virtue_n necessary_a to_o govern_v they_o well_o and_o so_o they_o put_v he_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o prince_n that_o succeed_v this_o last_o emperor_n reign_v by_o right_a of_o succession_n and_o not_o of_o election_n till_o the_o emperor_n kie_fw-mi a_o vicious_a and_o cruel_a prince_n who_o be_v the_o last_o of_o this_o same_o first_o family_n the_o four_o emperor_n call_v chim_z tam_fw-la be_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o second_o royal_a family_n his_o eminent_a virtue_n have_v oblige_v the_o precede_a emperor_n to_o make_v he_o king_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o po_n which_o be_v at_o present_a comprehend_v within_o the_o province_n of_o hô_o nan_n he_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o emperor_n kie_fw-mi and_o after_o he_o have_v deliver_v the_o people_n from_o so_o cruel_a a_o tyrant_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o 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in_o piece_n which_o have_v be_v execute_v if_o his_o chief_a general_n who_o be_v his_o adopt_a son_n have_v not_o while_o they_o be_v lead_v to_o the_o place_n of_o torment_n by_o his_o argument_n and_o his_o intercession_n obtain_v their_o pardon_n thereupon_o the_o tyrant_n send_v away_o with_o all_o speed_n to_o have_v they_o bring_v back_o again_o into_o his_o presence_n where_o after_o he_o have_v load_v they_o with_o ill_a language_n and_o reproach_n he_o commit_v they_o to_o the_o custody_n of_o certain_a soldier_n with_o order_n to_o guard_v they_o day_n and_o night_n in_o which_o condition_n they_o remain_v for_o a_o whole_a month_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o he_o send_v for_o they_o one_o morning_n into_o his_o presence_n they_o find_v he_o then_o very_o bloody_o employ_v in_o give_v order_n for_o the_o put_n to_o death_n a_o great_a number_n of_o person_n and_o very_o believe_v that_o their_o last_o hour_n have_v be_v at_o hand_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v 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