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A38822
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Panacea, or, The universal medicine being a discovery of the wonderfull vertues of tobacco taken in a pipe : with its operation and use both in physick and chyrurgery / by Dr Everard, &c.
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Everard, Giles.
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1659
(1659)
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Wing E3530; ESTC R1871
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56,313
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160
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which is reported of them to their disgrace to prepare this juyce or Caldo also the use of Aniseeds is from the Spaniard To stand constantly to ferment we say Broyen This signifies a moderate heat next to strong heat yet â—ot come so farre as to burne but onely to foster and ferment Such a heat Depilatories bring to the parts and Birds to their egges when they sit to hatch their young The Aegyptians produce such a heat in their Ovens when they by Art hatch abundance of Hen Egges as Bellonius observes Some despise the use of Tâ—bacco that grows with us yet Experience teacheth us that our green Leaves will cure Wounds Vlcers and other Diseases sooner and more certainly than the dried Leaves brought from the Indies It is crâ—dible that those dried Leaves coming so farre have lost great part of their strength oft-times Others there are that maintain that our Tobacco Leaves dried and prepared after the Indian manner are more effectuall here than the Indian Tobbacco because that our Leaves be they what they will agree better with our temper and we can have the choice of the fresh Leaves better than of those that are brought to us from other parts whereof the greatest part is to be suspected as being most frequently Sophisticated Agrippa lib. de Vaintate Scient. c. 84 saith Adulterated or such as are to be rejected or are Suffocated in the Ship in the Passage or Sobbed in the water or corrupted with age or not gathered in fit time and place whereby there may be danger The same Author saith well it is folly to fetch out of India what we have plenty at home not being contented with our own Land or Sea prefering Forrain Commodities before those of our own Country things costly before those that are cheap and things hard to come by before such as are easie desiring to fetch them from the Worlds end c. At this day in Zeland there is a Merchant that soweth yearly about five Acres of ground with Tobacco Seed with great cost and the Plants that grow he dresseth after the Indian manner he drieth and prepareth the Leaves as the Indians do and he sels them â—very where which hitherto hath brought him â—â— small profit And now almost ten years the use of this Tobacco hath so prevailed here that men do not much care for Virginy Tobacco or what comes from other Countries The Vertues THe Spaniards have learned that Tobacco is an enemy to the most deadly Poyson that the Cannibals were wont to dip their Arrows and Darts in It happened that some Cannibals Sailed in their boats to St Iohns Port to shoot all the Indians and Spaniards they could find and kill them with their Arrows when they were Arrived they wounded some Indians and Spaniards and some they killed These wanting Sublimate which they were wont to strew upon their Wounds in such Cases they were taught by an Indian to annoynt their Wounds with the juyce of Tobacco pressed forth and to lay a bruised Lease upon them The pains presently ceased and all those Symptoms which use to attend such Wounds the Poyson was quickly conquered and the Wounds were cured It chiefly opposeth Hellebore the King of Spain would needs try this and commanded a Huntsman to wound a Dog in the throat to strew Hellebore into it and after that to put in plenty of the juyce of Tobacco and lay on the bruised Leaves this was done presently and the experiment was made the Wound being bound up in a very short time the Dog was recovered which made them all to wonder at it I shall here adde what Aedigius Everhardus reports concerning his Panacaea It fell out that at Antwerp one gave a Gentle Womans Cat that was somewhat fierce Poyson to drink The Cat run madding up and down trying but in vain to vomit up the Venome The Gentle Woman thought of a way how to wrap up a Leafe to Tobacco bruised in butter and to thrust that down the Cats throat this was done and the Cat soon cast up the Poyson and escaped It is worth observing what the most Learned Monardes Writes that the Indians do stop hunger and thirst by the use of Tobacco in this fashion They burn some shels of shell Fish of the Rivers and then break them like Lime they take as much Tobacco Leaves as of this Lime and they chew them untill they come into one Lump of this they make Trochesks greater than Peas and they dry them in the shade and keep them for their use when they journey in desart places where they cannot easily come by Meat or drink they put one of these Pellets betwixt their lips and lower teeth and they suck it and they swallow down the moisture that comes from it instead of meat and drink when that is spent they take another This way they will live without Meat or Drink for three or four daies and be never weary or lose any strength for by continuall chewing of these Pellets they draw Flegmatique Humours from their Brains which their stomach digests into nutriment for want of better food Pliny l. 7. c. 2. Reports that at the furthest part of the Indies Eastward toward the Fountaine of Ganges there are men called Astomi that want mouths and live only by the Aire and sweet smels they draw in by their Nostrils they have neither Meat nor Drink but they live only by the sweet and fragrant sents of Roots Flowers and wilde Apples which could not be unless they were truly nourished for life and nourishment are almost all one Iohannes Alexandrinus opening that place of Hippocrates sexto Epidemiorum saith that Democritus the Abderite a Philosopher when the Feasts of Ceres was nigh being requâ—sted that he would not pollute his house lived onely with the vapour and sent of Honey for four daies This is the opinion of some men from whom he relates it but others say it was done by the smell of new bread hot from the Oven Oribasius 1. Aphor. Com. 12. mentions the same thing saying The Philosopher relates that one Man lived forty daies by the sent of Honey But hâ—re is a most notable mistake to put 40 for 4. but by the figures it might be quickly overslipt Also we read in the Book that hath that Title who ever was the Authour that Aristotle lived for sometime only by the smell of an Apple Some there are that dip hot bread in good Wine and apply it to the Nostrils of sick people and if we apply it likewise to the Temples and sides it will very much restore strength Also Conciliator Aponensis reports that he used to restore his life when he was dying with Safron and Casâ—oreum bruised and mingled together with Wine and that he gave that composition to old people and it did them as much good by smelling to it as by drinking it But these are no wonders for as by Meat and Drink
than what they used to take before for those that are usual wil hardly move them So if one often take Clysters the belly will hardly be moved noâ— yet yield to other remedies as it befell the Duke of Albanie who could not go to stool without a Clyster for nature had forgot her self and depended wholly upon Physick He that will read more concerning custome let him read what Theophrastus l 9. c. 18. concerning the History of Plants hath written of Thraciae and Eudemius Chius FINIS Dr Everard Dr EVERARD HIS DISCOURSE Of the Wonderfull EFFECTS OPERATION OF TOBACCO I Am chiefly induced to write the History of Tobacco a most excellent Plant and for Physicall use of admirable Vertue because many have written singularly well of Plants yet besides Nicolaus Monardus a Spanish Physician who writ a peculiar History of Plants and Spices brought forth of the new found World very few have sufficiently set forth the worth of this noble Plant. But since I doubt not but that many earnestly desire to know the Effects of it that such may no longer be kept from their Enjoyments as they know it by Name they shall farther know the Vertues thereof I willingly undertake this work that I may as briefly and faithfully as I can publish to the world what I have partly got by reading and by the relation of other men and what I have had experience of my self adding what others have scattered in their writings here and there and what I have since by long study herein approved to be effectuall Tobacco in the form and faculties of it is much like to Comfrey that I may not without reason think it to be of that kind rather then a yellow Henbane as some have supposed It is observed to be of three sorts the Male the Female and a third sort more imperfect then them both The Male hath large leaves that are thick long fat of a watry green coâ—our sharp at the top a little hairy and clammy but with no cuts in them so â—licking to the stalk that they seem in a manner to embrace it They smell strong taste sharp and hot and are larger at the top then at the bottom It produceth a most upright stalk which sometimes riseth to four or five foot high and sometimes to some Yards as the ground is hotter that it is planted in and is fatter and well dressed The branches that from the knots at a distance spring forth part the stalk a foot or half a foot distance assunder In the top of the branches a flower comes forth that is white and red which they call a Carnation colour ' like a small bell and it comes out of a Pod as out of a Cup which at length swelling round like to an Apple when the flower witheres is filled with very small seeds very like to the yellow Henbane which being ripe or black but first they are green At the root there is great plenty of syowrs which doth after a sort renew it self whereas the roots are but small threds some greater and shorter then others as the Plant is in height They yeeld as the leaves do a fat and rosine juyce that is yellow and smells like Rosin not unpleasant and the taste is sharp and biting The most flourishing Plants have thicker and wooddy roots which exceedingly abound with shoots of a yellow colour bitter in taste which are supposed to be equall to Rheubarbe in Vertue though this be not sufficiently found out The Female hath a smaller and lower stalk the leaves are shorter smaller and not so gummy The flower is not so open and gaping nor so ruddy a colour The branches are not so tall nor stretcht forth as the Male Tobacco branches are wherefore they are out exceedingly that think this to be a kind of Satyrium For this which we call Female Tobvcco is not like to Satyrium either in form fashion root colour or any other way For it hath many small roots a hairy stalk many branches many leaves and those long and large and it is hot and dry like to the Male Tobacco but Satyrium hath fewer and thicker roots the stalk is not knotty it hath no branches it hath fewer leaves the flower appears on the top of the stalk without any Pod or seeds and is hot and moist to the third degree and is most fit to provoke lust The third sort of Tobacco is in all things smaller the leaf is rounder somewhat blackish fat somewhat hairy though it be full of juyce The flower is less and round on the outside and of a pale colour and it is not above twenty years since it was known in Europe Dodoneus called it yellow Henbane but Mathielus before him called it black Henbane It is sowed about the Calends Ides or Nones of Aprill or near that time sometimes sooner or later as the weather is hot though the Indians in Peru and the Inhabitants of new Spain sow it in Autumn In hot Countries it bears leaves flowers and buds at one and the self same time for nine or ten Moneths together But in the low Countries it flowers from August untill Winter and forthwith brings forth seed after that when the frost first comes it fadeth and quite decayes and it can hardly be kept all the Winter unless it be in Pots or Baskets and that in Stoves or Store houses or other places that are kept hot This requires a fat and well manured ground and in their cold Countries the ground must be exceedingly well dung'd and the dung especially Horse-dung must be so mingled with it and incorporated that it may seem to degenerate altogether into the Earth Moreover it requires a shadowed and moist ground and it must be large and affording room enough For where the place is narrow it will not prosper nor yeeld any branches It delights in a South Sun and where there is a wall or sluce behind it that it may be thereby defended from the injuries of the North winds that follow and that the Sun beams lighting upon the wall may reflect upon it It must be free from all Tempests because it is exceeding tender and very great yet when it hath taken deep root it hath almost escaped the danger of winds It wounderfully delights in water and therefore being oftâ—times watered especially where the Climate is very hot it thrives the better It can endure no cold and therefore in winter it must be preserved in hollow places and where Chimneys or Stoves are provided for this purpose Or else it must be compassed about with a double Mat and a Painthouse upon the wall over it and a coverlid raised up and it must be covered with a covering of straw in a shelter that lieth right against the Sun at noon day shining clear that the Plant may be refreshed by the heat Before you sow it you must make a hole in the earth with your finger and