Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	great_a	place_n	sea_n	5,022	5	6.4533	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16279	The discription of the contrey of Aphrique the fyrst part of the worlde, with the cituation of al the countreys together, with the perticuler maners lawes, and ceremonies, of dyuers people inhabityng in the same part. Translated out of Frenche into Englyshe by Wyllyam Prat of London, the fyrst daye of the newe yere, M.CCCCC.LIIII. Rede it dylygently, marke it perfectly, reuolue it thorowly, beare it equally, beholde the auctours simplicitie, and prayse God almyghty.; Omnium gentium mores. Book 1. English	Joannes, ca. 1485-1535.; Prat, William.	1554 (1554)	STC 3196.5; ESTC S112745	45,413	174

Calamyties they were so greatly weryed with trauayles that they folowed the coures of wylde beastes wherfore the humayne creatures by lyttle lyttle accompanyenge togethers consultede by a commen seecours and ayde to expulse such euyl courses and hurtes beganne to prepare and appoint to eueryone of theym certeine portions of grounde vpon the which they buylded lyttle houses and made perticions of theyr landes by certeyne limittes in so much that by little and lyttle they made dyches and walles and at the last there was appoynted a populaeir estate or common weal. In lykewyse they established certeine lawes and magestrates by whome euery man shulde be ruled In so muche at the last there was obserued a greate concorde and peace amongest so great a multytude of people Sins that tyme men inuented to lyue not onely by the fruites and noriture which the erth hir self brought forth and that the beastes or cattell gaue but also by their manye and sundry industries and labours by theym excogitated and founde out the maner to make the shippes to ryde vpon the seas some to serue for marchaundyse other some to abyde the countreys Also some inuented the cartes with horses to drawe theym and after that they began to haue course gold and syluer then was the aparel of men more sumptuous theyr language adorned with eloquens theyr frequentacion more siuile theyr diete more delicate their building more larger and gorgious in fyne the morrall creatures in continuaunce of tyme were altred and chaunged as well from theyr condicions as from theyr barbarousnes and cruelnes they became humayne gentyl and gracious that at the laste they ruled them selues so discretely that they them selues banyshed all their inhumanitie and vnciuilitie as to kyll one an other to eate the fleshe of men and to occupye the cōpany of the first they mete without discrecion or regarde of blud or kinred with such lyke vices and imperfections After they had tasted of this euyll order and atteyne to more reson by theyr trauaile made the earth fruteful the which before was hydden ouer as a wylde forest vnhabited and moost vnprofitable for man They remoued away the great stones and stubbes of trees made the fayre waters sprynges to be sought for in the marshe places This they did and all to make it plaine and to cause it lose his old and auncient forme wheras before it was hilly and rude In so vsyng the earth at the last brought forth wynes and other encrease aboundantly the whiche before did yelde them but a lyttle quantitie of wyldynges crabs Moreouer by the infinite gardens arbors whiche they did set rounde about the fountains springes made the valeys freshe and leste the hyghe mountaynes because of the wodes and forestes and after knewe howe to order the grounde to brynge forth fruite Ageyne theyr places where they inhabited at the first were little but hauyng dwelt there a time from smale vyllages became great Cyties vpon the hygh mountaines they buylded townes and stronge castels in the valeyes great temples and churches to the ende that the fountaines might be more holsommer and delectable they were richli made of faire cut marbelstone and they set trees al about to giue them a pleasaunt shadowe And more frome the sayde welles they caused waters by the pipes to descende and come into theyr Cyties They made hauens crekes in the sea to harbor the ships They also made many ryght places into the whiche the shyppes myght retyre backe without daunger of windes and tempestes At the end they had so appoyncted al thynges as well in the sea as in the lande which yf we do consider the state present and after what it was afore tyme a man wolde take it to be a countrey aboue all other then that whiche was fyrst created and wold iudge it more lyke the gardeyne or paradyse out of the whiche oure forefathers Adam and Eue was drowen for the transgression of the heauenly commaundement then other wyse Moreouer the people inuented many artes and sciences moste wyttye as letters and tables to wryte which after was had in vse they be oftentimes exempted from the condicion of the mortalles in leuyng memory of them to theyr posteritie which made participacions of theyr inuentions and by this me thynketh that the mortall men myght be soner called some earthly gods then men had it not ben for that malygne Sathan which hath by a most pestilente seade sowen in the worlde brought confusion for he seynge that the humayne creatures dyd encrease and that the condicion of theyr lyfe passed from good to better beynge styrred vp by an enuy hath brought theē into bondage by reason of theyr sondry and manye sins and inormities committed And sins the true lyght appeared there came in Idolaters whiche woulde haue darkened the same There engendred many sects amongest the people To proue this trewe we do se that at these presētes those of Asie Arm●●e Arabie Perse Cyrie asyre Medie and in Aphrique Those of Egipte of Numidie Libie Maritanie and in Europia those of Grece Mis●e Romayne and all other whiche be vnder the obedience of the Turke do obserue duly for the most part the lawes of wycked mahoment and his false doctrine and madde forsakynge our sauiour Chryste The people of Scythie of whome there is a greate nomber and be nowe called Tartariens or Tartares doo worshhyp moste commonly the Idolles of the Emperoure Cham some do worshyp the starres not withstandynge there be which attribute honoure to the onely God and vse the epistles and doctrine of saynct Paule The Indes which vnder Prest Iohn do folowe the true Christen religion Neuerthelesse there is dyuersitie betwene their doynges and oures At these presentes there be no nacions whiche do obserue the Catholyke faith but the Englyshe men the Germaynes Italyons Spanyardes Frenchemen Scottes Iryshmen the Danes Liuones Prusstēs mē of Polland of Hongery and those in the Ilondes those of the Rodes of Cecilie of Corse of Sardayne and some other regions That cruel enemie of mankinde hath so stirred him selfe that by the dyuersitie of religion and ceremonies the other abouesayde natyons had perticulerly chosen and meinteined to be the trewe waies to bring to eternal blesse and felicitie in reputynge al other false and Eronious euery one after their own fashcions with all their endeuoyr dyd set for them most ample maner their owne religion wherevppon hathe folowed such hate amongest men that they which haue taken great iourneyes into far contreys haue not gone in saue garde In so much the men thē selues haue stopped the passage to come to the perfecte knowledge of dyuers nations whiche doth make me iudge that manye there be that beleue all that is wrytten of oure purpose to be but fables for that they haue not skant the knowledge of the people and nacions which be nygh to them I meane they know not theyr owne neyghboures as those regiōs situated next to theirs and all is for

aboue said people towardes the Midy inhabyteth other people whiche they cal Icthiophages who althoughe they haue the faces of men yet they dyffer nothynge frome beastes in theyr lyuynges these people dwell vnder the Troglodites in the greate sea Arabie they be very barbarous At altymes they be naked their wifes and chyldren be common and lyke brute beastes they do not feale any volupe lupt or passion in thē selues except it be after theyr bodyes feale good or euyll These people be voyde of discretion good maners and honestye They dwell in ryuers and crekes of the sea along by the waters and in the hyghe countreyes in the whiche places be founde many depe caues and longe valleyes Therbe dyuers narowe holes daungerous at the enteryng euyl at the cōminge out In so muche that whiche foloweth a man may iudg the countrey by nature to be made after the fashiō of the Icthiophages for they gathered great heapes of stones and layed them before the entryng of all croked places and made more suche inuentions for the nettes to take fyshe of the sea because in the sea whan the flude cōmeth it chaūseth aboute nonetyde all the place nighe be cōpassed and closed about with waters and they growe to suche an infinite nomber that they couer al the countrey and bringeth a great quantitie of fishe which do swyme hither and thyther to fynde theyr pasture so in the ende at the retournynge agayne of the sea the water do caste theym vp amongest the heapes of stones and then the fyshe lye drie and they be gathered by the people inhabytynge in that contrey which do runne with their wyfe and chyldren and gather the sayd fishes for their prouision And when they dresse the sayde fyshe to eate they lay it vpon the stones to wardes the Midy or nontyde and burnethe it in the heate of the sonne and doth let it lye vpon the one syde a whyle and turneth the other side whē they thinke it is rosted inough they plucke out all the fleshe put it in a hollowe stone which is lyke vnto a morter then mixeth it with the grayne of a gosebery tree or much lyke to it these mingled together so well that it maketh goodly meate to eate they set it in the son after they haue put it together they make it lyke in proprietie to a tyle This they vse for all theyr meate with great abundance and ioy and seruethe theym insteade of corne when it chaunce that the find of the sea abyde styll and nothynge deminyshe by reason wherof they were forced to leaue theyr comodytie of fyshynge and that they abyde hunger Then they heape together the shels of the sea which be veri great and do breake thē with stones and so fead of the fleshe they fynd with in the sayde shelles the whiche is in taste lyke to an oyster of the sea Ageyne if this kynd of lyuyng wer taken from theym by continuall tempestes and wyndes They take the bones of the fyshes by theym gathered afore and gnaweth it like a dogge the tender and freshe And the hardest bone they breake with stones In so doynge they dyffer nothynge from beastes This kind of vitell they receyue for theyr repast with great ioye as I rehearsed before syngynge and makynge good chere one with an other And after that euery one of them by the care they haue to get chyldren do accompany with the fyrste woman they mete without hauynge any solicitude all theyr lyfe longe whiche commeth by reason of the afflu 〈…〉 which to theym be 〈…〉 for the space of v. days to that maner of lyuynge the syxte daye they go together to fynde the welles to drink by the way as they go they crye both in one voyce in suche sorte that a man woulde iudge them rather to be the crieng of a multytud of wyld bestes then mens voyces As soone as they come to the fountaynes they receyue in such abundaunce of water that they can not wel retourne ageyne but rest them selues there and can eate no more beynge afterwarde as men troubled or rather dronken The next day folowyng they retourne a fisshynge and in this sorte passynge theyr lyues beyng a very fewe of them sicke and that is for because they eate but one kynde of meate yet for al that they liue not so longe 〈…〉 of other natiōs their 〈…〉 this cost to theyr lodgynge and by the pleasaunt shadowes they are tempr●●● 〈◊〉 must vnderstand that the caues of that countrey the whiche haue theyr throtes towardes the Midy be as hote as a furnasse because of the heate of the sonne consequently doth folow that they be neuer inhabited wherfore almē of that contrey doth couer to dwell towardes the Septentrion Such was the maner and lyuynge of the two I●thiophages There restethe yet to speke of the Amazones whiche as they say in tyme past was of one part of Aphrique in the contrey of ●●bie They were women of warre and of good courage gretly differryng frome the women in our age and tyme. A certeyne time of theyr age they were accustomed to exercyse the seate of warre and by that kept theyr virginitie After that they had passed theyr age as abouesayd they maried husbands to encrease chyldren They had the prehemines to gouerne all publike matters for the common weale was ruled by them in such sort ruled the women that theyr husbandes had the charge of al the domestical affayres whiche we accustomably commit to our wyues And the wiues to the contrary ruled as our men do heare yea so circumspecte they were that theyr husbandes shulde not take in hande any publyke matter that they woulde not suffer theym once to speke in causes touchyng the common weale So sone as they be in theyr bed theyr chyldren be gyuen men to kepe and they to nourse them which infants be brought vp with wylke and other meates agreable for theyr age If a woman had ben deliuered of a man chylde he shulde haue had either his ryght arme broken or ben killed But if she had brought forth a female or woman chylde they woulde burne her brestes with an hote yron for to take away al that which might let her in the warres and for that cause they were called with the Greekes Amazones That is to say women without brestes They did inhabite as it is writtē in an Ilande called Hespera which was so named for that it aprocheth nygh the Occident and is within the lake Tritonide nygh to the Ocean sea That lake is so called by reson of the ryuer Triton whiche passeth thorowe the same beyng cituated to Ethiope and to the me unt Atlas which is one of the hygheste and wydest in all that countrey This Ilande is greate replenished with trees and a bundance of frute In that countrey is plenty of shepe wherwith most of the people be refreshed and fedde Wheate is vnknowē to the inhabiters of that contrey because there neuer grewe none there A

in contempte the goodnes of God frō that tyme continued and encreased the wyckednes of men in such sort that God therefore after he hadde found one iust man which was called Noe for whose cause he saued all his famyly for the restorynge of mankynde sent the fludde whiche drowned the hole earth with al lyuynge thynges therevpon excepte those which were saued in the holy arke made by the sayde Noe 〈…〉 called 〈◊〉 be●●●se it ●oken 〈◊〉 Chri●●… church fyue monethes then after the beginning of the flud the arke touched groūd vpon the mountaynes of Armenie and Noe went out with his and encreased mankynde in short space after by the helpe of God he enterprised to haue all the partes of the earth inhabyted and for that occaon sente his chyldren into dyuerse contreys in the world he sent his sō Cain into Egipt with his dukes as Berose reciteth Esennius into Libie in Cerene Tritames al the rest of Aphrique he sent Iapetus the elder Atalas Into the Oriētal Asie he sente Ganges with some of the chyldren of Gomer the Gallica into the luckye Arabie he sent Sabus the Encense bearer Ara●us was by him appointed chyefe of the deserte Arabie and Petretus capyteyne of Araby the stony he caused the contrey from Damas vnto the borders of Palestyne to be inhabyted by Canaan Into Europia he sent Tuisco the gyaunt to be kynge of Sarmatie from the ryuer of Panais vnto the ryuer of Rh●● nyhg vnto the same Tuisco there dydde inhabite the chyldren of Ister and Mesa with his brethren who had the contrey from the mount Adule vnto Mesemberie and the contrey of Ponticque _____ at that tyme Tyras Achardius and Emathius helde Italy Gomer the Frenche man Samotes the Celtes the whiche be the countreys of the sayde Gaule nowe called Fraunce and Iubal enioyed the Celriberiens which is Spayne The sodayne and short departure from his kindred who had not yet learned neyther the lyuyng ne maners of their parentes was the cause of al the dyuersitie that syns folowed In so muche that Cham who dyd flee for the shame done to his father remayned he his wyfe and chyldren in those partes of Arabie synce called by his name Cain who neuer gaue to his posteritie any preceptes of religion in so muche that he trauailed not to learne any where vpon it came to passe by succession of tyme the one sente after the other out of one lande to inhabyte an other After hauynge occupied many coūtreys in the world for this skattered lygnage multyplyed meruelously fynally they fel into most execrable errours out of the whiche they colde not vnwrap themselues theyr language chanched and it was not to be vnderstande or intelligeble the trew worshyppynge and knowledgynge of God was out of remembrance So men haue lyued after suche a strāge sort that one can not wel deserne the lyuing betwene the bests and them They whiche do passe Egipt for the admiracion they had of the celestiall creatures beganne to worshyp as gods the sonne and the mone callynge the son Osyris and the moone Isis They attributed godlynes to respiracion by the whiche all men do lyue vnder the name of Iupiter to the element of fyre vnder the name of Vulcaine to the ayre vnder the name of Pallas to the earth vnder the name of Seres and to dyuers other creatures vnder ▪ many other names And they of Egypt do not onely thus walke in darkenes but also in the countreys possessed by them whiche be descended from Cham haue ben subiett to execrable bondage and ignorance of the trew religion Moreouer there was neuer countrey that the people were so fertyll to brynge forthe chyldren nor better merytynge the name of a mother for this respect then this part of Arabie which the said Chā with his occupied Suche and so greate a ruyne was brought to man kynde the banyesh mente of that onely personage to the contrary S●m and Iaphet with all theyr stocke who were instituted appoynted by theyr fathers in certeyne lawe were contented with small possessions and therfore they were not so largely disparsed thorowe out the hole worlde as the other Then it came to passe that the loue of the truth that is to say the true hollynes and adoration of the ryght God dyd remayne hyd in one onely nacion vntyll the commynge of Messias he false opinion of the Etheniques and Infydels touchynge the Originall of man Chapi ii THe Phylosophers in tyme past without any knowledge of the trewe Godde of longe tyme dyd speake of naturall thynges Some of them beleaued that the worlde was a thynge not created and incorruptyble and that mankynde was without takynge beginning The other ageyne iudged that the worlde was created and subiecte to corruption and that men were created by succession of tyme. To confyrme this opinion they sayde before any thynge had his begynnynge heauen and earthe had one onely forme and that the propriete of these two thinges was confuse that synce these two elementes seperated one from the other whervpon suche disposition and forme of the worlde that we perceyue the eyre in contynuall agitacion and that of him the part of the fyer had gotten the hyghest place because of his agilitie and lyghtnes and that by this reason the sonne and the other starres hadde kepte theyr places and certeyne courses in the hyghe region as for that which resteth beynge as of a moist qualitie moued but a lyttle frō the fyrst place because of his heuynes and weyght hauynge a kynde of moystenes in hym of the moystest part one wold say that the sea had folowed it and that the heauynes disapoynted of so greate humydite shall retourne to slammy earth and soft the whiche by lyttle and lyttle shall harden by reason of the heate of the sonne In such sort the abouesayde by the vyolence of the heat shal be swollen rysen whervpon many humours vnder the holones of the groūde risen vp were gethered and by lyttle and lyttle conuerted and tourned to matters rotten as we se hathe happened in the maryshes of Egypt Ageyne the earth beynge colde and moyste of her nature is made hote in a lytle space by the vehemente heate of the ayre that a man wolde iudge in a small tyme that the heate had ben mingled with moyst thynges whiche agayne shal be formed in a proper matter and engendred to an efficacie to the whiche was gyuen moystues shed by nyght and by the vygneur of the sonne hadde kept and noryshed this matter generatyue vntyll that by contynuaaunce of tyme the abouesayd matters shal be compelled to ascend vp also as yf the tyme had ben come that the sayde hardenesse woulde haue rendred that whiche it hathe engendred that maye be open and broken by the vehemency of the sō and in a lyttle space after brought forthe all kynde of beastes of the which those whiche were perticipent of the greate heate were volatyfe or made to fly and did

win the hyghest region of the eyre The other which had more of the weigh tines or ponderousnes of the earth were made to remayne creapynge and some goyng vpon the ground The other which helde them selues of the qualitie of water were trāsformed into the element of the qualitie and toke the name Fyshe and by this the earth partly because of the heate of the son partly because of the wyndes became more dryer and warmer so that the myghtye beastes ceased engendrynge but they which engendred by a mutual coniunction did bringe forth other They say after this sort mē were fyrst created who hath euer synce sought theyr meate and lyuynge in the fieldes feade after a strange and wylde sort eatynge nothynge but herbes and the fruite of the trees and dyd no labour for what by occasyon of the hurte that the wylde beastes dyd theym before and for feare they shoulde dayly they gathered theym selues together for theyr commen vtillitie and profyte that they myght succoure one an other and prepare places to dwell in Ageyne for that the soūd of theyr mouthes were cōfuse they estudied to frame theyr tongues to a certeyne speache so that by lyttle and lyttle they gaue euery thyng a name And because they were deuyded into dyuers partes and regions of the worlde they formed dyuerse and diuersitie of language and consequentely a ferme in theyr letters And by this the humayne creatures lyuynge in great pouertie and without vnderstandynge how to make reseruacion for their necessities with that whiche God sent theim as the fruite whiche the earth brought forth fortuned oftentimes that one amongest the greate nomber dyed for hunger and some for colde wherevpon mē instructed by experience was dryuen and learned to prepare a buckler to defende them from these and such lyke inconuenientes serched as saith the Philosophers caues to auoyde the vyolence of the cold and reserued the frut for theyr prouision afterwarde they had knowlege of the proprietie of fyre whae it was together with all other necessaries In a space after they inuented al thynges apt and mete for humayne lyfe To conclude necessitie was the cōpeller to seake these inuentions at the last man hadde the arte to vse one an other in his place that the handes the wordes the excellencie of the spirites was helpers togethers and serued thē Thes be they which be perswaded that the originall of man is as aboue rehearsed and haue not referred it to the dyuyne prouidence of God doth hold opinion that the Ethiopiēs were the fyrst that were procreated amongest the mortalles and had this opinion for that the lande of Ethiopie is the neighbour to the sonne as before al other to feale the heate howe muche as before they did neyther more nor lesse then al the rest of the earth the said earth was slymye then it shoulde haue ben that of this fyrst temparature and moistnes with the heat man shal be engendred who shuld rest in the place of his byrthe rather then in any other whiche he knoweth not Now we wyl begin by this region and after we haue spoken a lyttle of Aphtique one of the thre partes of the worlde accordynge to the same also is oure boke deuyded in thre We wyl reherse in the fyrst place of the cytuacion of the countrey of Ethiope and maners of the nations which inhabyte there and after by order we wyll set forth the discription of all other regions and nations as wel as we can possible And for that I wolde not seme altogether slowfull I wyll some what more to enryche my booke entreate of more then the Frenche auctoure wryteth of as well in this parte folowynge the deuision of the worlde in foure as also to enlarge the discription of Ethiope with a bryefe and general discription of Aphrique and many other anotacions accordynge to the iudgement of Pomponius Mela. A diuision of the vvorlde into foure partes Ca. iii. AS touchynge the same matter that thynge which is called all what soeuer thynge it is whervnto we haue giuē the name of the worlde and of heauen It is one thynge and comprehendethe in one compase him selfe al thinges In hys parte is dyfference From whence the sonne dothe sprynge it is named the Orient or East And there as it falleth it is named the Occidente or the west That waye where his course doth lye it is called the South And on the cōtrarye parte the North. And in the middes of the same is the earthe on hyghe and is gyrded rounde about wyth the see And the same deuyded from the east to the west into two partes the which ar called Hemispherise hath fyne distyncte porcyons or Zoones Heate dothe vex the medle most and colde the extremes The resydwe maye be inhabited They haue lyke tymes of the yere but yet not at one time our Antichthones doth dwell in the one and we in the other The scituation of that being vnknowne for the vehement heate of the plage that is betwene we muste entreate vppon this And so this is extended from the east vnto the west And for because it lyeth euen so it is somthing longer than where it is brodest It is all compassed aboute with the C●ccear and receaueth of hym foure seas one from the Northe and two frome the Southe and the fourth from the west They shal be declared in their places This first bring very strayte and passynge not ten miles in bredth openeth the earth and entrethe And then is poured out longe and wyde and dryueth a fore him myghtely the see bankes gyuing him place And then againe they commynge together verye nygh it is dryuen into such a strayt that it is lesse then a myle ouer And then spreadeth it selfe agayne but thae is very moderatly and then it goeth forthe into a more narowe place thē it was afore where whē it is once receyued it is agayne verye huge and great and is ioyned vnto the poole but that is by a smale monthe And all this same bothe where as it commethe and where as it spreadeth is called wyth one name our see The strayte entre of it commynge in the Latynes dothe call Fretum where as it spreadeth a brode it receyueth dyuers names in diuers places wheras it first stratneth it selfe together it is called Helles Pontus And then Propontus where as it spreadeth out where it rynneth together agayne Eospherus of Thrace And where agayne it powrethe out it selfe a brode it is called Pontus Euxinus And there as it is cōmitted to the poole it is called Cymi●…ꝰ Bospherus The poole it selfe is called Meot●s By this see and two noble ryuees called Tanais and Nilus the hole worlde is deuyded into thre partes The ryuer Tanais commynge from the Northe towarde the Southe rynnethe all moste in to the myddest of the poole Meotis and from the contrary part Nilus rynneth into the see And all that lande that is from the strayte vnto those fluddes on the one side