Captayne hée dreamed that he was cast ouerboorde and that the Boateson hadde hym by the hande and coulde not saue hym and so immediately vppon the ende of hys tale hys Dreame came right euelly to passe and in déede the Boateson in like sort helde him by one hande hauyng hold on a rope with the other vntill hys force fayled and the Mayster drowned The heygth being taken we found oure selues to bée in the Latitude of Degrées and a halfe and reckned our selues from the Quéenes Cape homeward about two hundreth leagues The last of August aboute midnighte we had two or thrée great and suddayne flawes or stormes The firste of September the storme was growne very great and continued almoste the whole day and night and lying a hull to tarry for the barkes our ship was much beaten with the Seas euery Sea almoste ouertaking oure poope that we were constrained with a bunte of oure saile to try it out and ease the rolling of oure shippe And so the Gabriel not able to beare any saile to kéepe company with vs and oure shippe being higher in the poope and a tall shippe whereon the winde had more force to driue went so faste awaye that we loste sight of them and lefte them to God and their good fortune of Sea. The seconde daye of September in the morning it pleased God of hys goodnesse to sende vs a calme whereby we perceiued the Rudder of oure shippe torne in twaine and almost ready to fal away Wherfore taking the benefite of the time wée slung halfe a dosen couple of our best men ouerboord who taking great paines vnder water driuing plancks and binding wyth ropes did wel strengthen and mend the matter who returned the most parte more than halfe deade out of the water and as Gods pleasure was the Sea was calme vntill the worke was finished The fifth of September the height of the sterne being taken wée founde our selues to be in the latitude of degrées and a half In all this voyage we took the latitude of the place by the height of the sunne bycause the long day taketh away the light not only of the Polar but also of all other fixed Starres And here the North Starre is so muche eleuated aboue the Horizon that with the Staffe it is hardly to be wel obserued and the degrées in the Astrolobe are too small to obserue minutes Therefore we alwaies vsed the Staffe and the Sunne as fittest instrumentes for this vse Hauing spent foure or fiue dayes in trauerse of the seas with contrarye winde making oure Souther way good as neare as we could to raise oure degrées to bring our selues with the latitude of Sylley wée tooke the height the tenth of September and founde our selues in the latitude of degrées and ten minutes The eleauenth of September about sixe a clocke at night the winde came good sowthwest we were shot and set our course southest And vpon Thursday the twelfth of September taking the height we were in the latitude of and a halfe and reckened oure selues not paste one hundred and fiftie leagues shorte of Sylley the weather faire the winde large at westsouthwest we kepte our course southest The thirtéenth daye the height being taken we founde our selues to be in the latitude of â— degrées the wind westsouthwest then being in the height of Sylley we kept our course East to run in with the sléeue or channell so called being our narrow Seas and reckened vs shorte of Sylley twelue leagues Sonday the fiftéenth of September aboute foure of the clocke wée beganne to sounde with oure lead and hadde grounde at .61 fadome depth white small sandie grounde and reckned vs vpon the backe of Sylley and set our course Easte and by North Easte Northeast and Northeast among The sixtéenth of September about eight of the clocke in the morning sounding we had .65 fadome osey sande and thought our selues thwart of Saint Georges channell a little within the bankes And bearing a small saile all nighte wée made many soundings whiche were aboute fortie fadome and so shallowe that wée coulde not well tell where we were The seauentéenth of September we sounded and had fortie fadome and were not farre off the landes and branded sande with small wormes and Cockle shells and were shotte betwéen Sylley and the landes ende and being within the baye we were not able to double the pointe wyth a South and by East way but were fayne to make another boorde the wynde béeyng at Southweast and by Weast and yet coulde not double the poynte to come cléere of the landes ende to beare along the Channell and the weather cléered vp when we were hard aboorde the shore and wée made the landes ende perfite and so put vp alongst Sainte Georges Channell And the weather béeyng very foule at Sea we coueted some harborough bycause our Stéeradge was broken and so came to Ancker in Padstowe roade in Cornewall But riding there a very daungerous roade we were aduised by the Countrey to put to Sea agayne and of the two euils to choose the lesse for there was nothing but present perill where we roade where vppon we plyed along the Channell to gette to Londy from whence we were agayne driuen being but an open roade where our Ancker came home and with force of weather put to Seas agayne and aboute the thrée and twentith of September arriued at Milforde Hauen in Wales whyche béeyng a very good harborough made vs happy men that we hadde receyued suche long desired safetie And more happie we helde our selues not for the safetie of our selues so muche as the comforte that we had that oure Countrey shoulde thereby haue perfecte knowledge of oure discouerie to the greate benefyte of oure common wealth Aboute one moneth after oure arriuall héere by order from the Lordes of the Counsell the Shippe came vp to Bristowe where the Ore was committed to kéeping in the Castell there Héere we founde the Gabriell one of the Barkes arriued in good safetie who hauing neuer a man within boorde very sufficient to bring home the Shyppe after the Mayster was lost by good fortune when shée came vpon the coast mette with a Shyppe of Bristowe at Sea who conducted hir in safetie thither Héere we heard good tidings also of the arriuall of the other Barke called the Michaell in the North partes whyche was not a little ioyfull vnto vs that it pleased God so to bring vs to a safe méeting agayne and lost in all the voyage only one man besydes one that dyed at Sea whiche was sicke before he came aboorde and was so desirous to followe this enterprise that he rather chose to dye therein than not to be one to attempte so notable a voyage FINIS ¶ The thirde voyage of Captayne Frobisher pretended for the discouerie of Cataya by Meta Incognito Anno Do. 1578. THE GEnerall béeing returned from the second Uoyage immediatlye aâ—ter hys arriual in Englande repayred with all
foote vpon that ground and therefore the Generall toke possession thereof to the vse of our Soueraigne Lady the Quéenes Maiestie and discouered héere a goodly harborough for the Shippes where were also certaine little Boates of that Countrey And being there landed they espyed certayne tents and people of that Countrey which were as they iudge in all sorts very like those of Meta Incognita as by theyr apparell and other things whych wée found in theyr tentes appeared The sauage and simple people so soone as they perceyued our men comming towards them supposing there had bin no other Worlde but theirs fledde fearefully away as men muche amazed at so strange a sight and creatures of humane shape so farre in apparell complexion and other things different from themselues They left in their tents all their furniture â—or haste behinde them where amongst other things were founde a boxe of small nayles and certayne redde Hearings boordes of Fyrre trée well cutte with dyuers other things artificially wroughte whereby it appeareth that they haue trade with some ciuill people or else are in déede themselues artificiall workemen Oure menne broughte awaye wyth them onelye twoo of theyr Dogges leauing in recompence belles looking-glasses and dyuers of oure Countrey toyes behynde them This Countrie no doubte promiseth good hope of great commoditie and riches if it maye be well discouered The discription whereof you shall finde more at large in my seconde booke Page .5 Some are of opinion that this Weaste Englande is firme lande with the Northeast partes of Meta Incognita or else with Groenlande And their reason is bicause the people apparell boates and other thinges are so like to theirs and an other reason is the multitude of Ilandes of Ise whyche laye betwéene it and Meta Incognita doeth argue that on the North side there is a bâ—y whyâ—h cannot be but by coÌ„ioyning of these two lands togither And hauing a fayre and large winde wée departed from thence towardes Frobyshers straites the thrée and twentith of Iune But fyrste we gaue name to a byghe clyffe in Weast England the laste that was in oure sight and for a certaine similitude we called it Charing Crosse. Then we bare Southerly towards the Sea bycause to the Northwardes of this coaste wée mette wyth muche driuing Ise whyche by reason of the thicke mistes and weather might haue bin some trouble vnto vs. On Monday the laste of Iune wée mette with manye greate Whales as they hadde béene Porposes This same daye the Salamander being vnder both hir corses and bonets hapned to strike a grâ—â—te Whale with hir â—ull stemme wyth suche a blow that the ship stoode stil and stirred neither forwarde nor backeward The Whale thereat made a great and vgly noise and caste vp his body and tayle and so went vnder water and within twoo dayes after there was founde a greate Whale dead swimming aboue water which we supposed was that the Salamander stroke The seconde daye of Iuly early in the morning wée hadde sighte of the Quéenes forelande and bare in with the lande all the daye and passyng thorow great quantitie of Ise by nighte were entered somewhat within the straites perceiuing no waye to passe further in the whole place being froâ—en ouer from the one side to the other and as it were with many walles mountaines and bulwarkes of yse choaked vppe the passage and denied vs entraunce And yet doe I not thinke that this passage or the Sea hereaboutes is frosen ouer at anye time of the yeare albeit it séemed so vnto vs by the abundaunce of Ise gathered togyther whyche occupyed the whole place But I doe rather suppose these Ise to bée bredde in the hollowe soundes and freshets thereaboutes whyche by the heate of the Sommers Sunne béeyng loosed doe emptie themselues wyth the ebbes into the Sea and so gather in great abundance there togither And to speake somewhat here of the auntiente opinion of the frosen Sea in these partes I doe thinke it to be rather a bare coniecture of menne than that euer anye manne hathe made experience of anye suche Sea. And that whiche they speake of Mare Glaciale may be truely thought to be spoken of these partes for this maye well be called in deede the ysie Sea but not the frosen Sea for no Sea consisting of salte water caÌ„ be frosen as I haue more at large herein shewed my opinioÌ„ in my seconde booke page .6 for it seemeth impossible for any Sea to be frosen which hath his course of ebbing and flowing especiallye in those places where the tides doe ebbe and flowe aboue tenne fadâ—me And also all these aforesaide Ise which we sometime met a hundreth mile from lande being gathered out of the salt Sea are in taste fresh and being dissolued become swéet and holesome water The cause why thys yeare we haue béene more combred with Ise than at other times before may be by reason of the Easterly and Southerly windes whyche brought vs more timely thither now than wee looked for Whiche blowing from the Sea directlye vppon the place of our straites hath kept in the Ise and not suffered them to be caryed out by the ebbe to the maine Sea where they woulde in more shorte time haue béene dissolued And all these fléeting Ise are not onelye so daungerous in that they winde and gather so neare togither that a man maye passe sometimes tenne or twelue myles as it were vpon one firme Ilande of Ise But also for that they open and shutte togither againe in suche sorte wyth the tydes and Sea-gate that whilest one Shyppe followeth the other with full sayles the Ise whyche was open vnto the foremoste will ioyne and close togyther before the latter can come to followe the fyrste whereby manye tymes oure Shippes were broughte into greate daunger as béeyng not able so sodainelye to take in oure sayles or staye the swifte waye of oure Shippes Wée were forced manye tymes to stemme and strike great rockes of Ise and so as it were make way through mightie mountaines By which means some of the fléete where they founde the yse to open entred in and pasâ—ed so farre within the daunger thereof with continuall desire to recouer their port that it was the greatest wonder of the world that they euer escaped safe or were euer heard of againe For euen at this present we missed two of the fléete that is the Iudyth wherein was the Lieuetenaunt general Captaine Fenton and the Michael whome both wée suppoposed hadde bene vtterlye lost hauing not heard any tydings of them in moe than twentie dayes afore And one of our fléete named the Barke Dennys being of an hundereth Tunne burden séeking way in amongst these Ise receiued such a blowe with a rocke of Ise that she sunke downe therewith in the sighte of the whoale fléete Howbeit hauing signified hir daunger by shooting of a péece of great ordinaunce newe succour of other shippes came so readily vnto them that
in the mouth of Frobishers straytes whiche coulde by no meanes haue bin so brought thither neyther by winde nor tide being lost so many leagues off if by force of the sayde Currant the same had not bin violently brought For if the same hadde bin brought thither by the tyde of fludde looke how farre in the said fludde had caried it the ebbe woulde haue recaryed it as farre backe agayne and by the winde it could not so come to passe bycause it was then sometime calme and most times contrary And some Marriners doe affyrme that they haue diligently obserued that there runneth in this place nine houres floud to thrée ebbe which may thus come to passâ— by 〈◊〉 oâ— the saide currant for whereas the Sea in most places oâ— the world doth more or lesse ordinarily ebbe and flow once euery tweâ—ue houres with sixe houres ebbe and siâ—e houres floud so also would it doe there were it not for the violenâ—e of this hastning currant which forceth the â—loud to mâ—ke appearance to beginne before his ordinary time one houre and a halfe and also to continue longer than his natural course by an other houre and a halfe â—ntil the foâ—ce of the ebbe be so greate that it will no longer bâ— resisted according to the saying Naturam expellas furca liâ—â—t â—â—men vsq recurrit Although nature and nâ—turall courses be forced and resisted neuer so muche yet at lâ—ste it will haue their own sway â—gaâ—ne Moreouer it is not possible that so great course of flouds and currant so highe swelling tides with continuaunce of so déepe waters can be digested here without vnburdening themselues into some open Sea beyonde thâ—s place which argueth the more likelihood of the passâ—ge to be hereaboutes Also we suppose these great indrafts do growe and are made by the reueâ—beration and reflection of that same Currant whiche at oure comming by Irelande mette and crossed us of whiche in the firste parte of this discourse I spake whyche comming from the bay of Mexico passing by and washing the Southweast parts of Ireland rebouÌ„deth ouer to the Northest parts of the world as Norway Islande c. where not finding any passage to an open Sea but rather is there encreased by a new accesse and another Currant meéeting with it from the Scythian Sea passing the bay of Saint Nicholas Westwarde doeth once againe rebound backe by the coasts of Groenland and from thence vppon Frobishers straites being to the Southwestwardes of the same 5 And if that principle of Philosophie be true that Inferiora corpora reguntur à superioribus that is if inferior bodies be gouerned ruled and caried after the maner and course of the superiors theÌ„ the water being an inferior Element muste néedes be gouerned after the superior Heauen and so to followe the course of Primum mobile from East to Weast 6 But euerye man that hathe written or considered anye thing of this passage hath more doubted the retourne by the same way by reason of a greate downefall of water whyche they imagine to be thereaboutes which we also by experience partly find than any mistruste they haue of the same passage at all For we find as it were a great downfall in this place but yet not suche but that we may return althoughe with muche adoe For we were easilyer caried in in one houre than we coulde gette forth againe in thrée Also by an other experience at an other time we founde thys currant to deceiue vs in this sort That whereas we supposed to bée 15. leagues off and lying a hull we were brought within .2 leagues of the shoare contrarie to al expectation Oure menne that sayled furthest in the same mistaken straites hauing the maine lande vppon their starboorde side affyrme that they mette with the outlet or passage of water whiche commeth thorowe Frobyshers straites and followeth as all one into this passage Some of oure companye also affyrme that they hadde sight of a contineÌ„t vpon their larbordside being .60 leagues within the supposed straites howbeit excepte certaine Ilandes in the entraunce hereof we could make no part perfect thereof All the foresaid tract of land séemeth to be more fruitful and better stored of Grasse Déere Wilde foule as Partridges Larkes Seamews Guls Wilmots FalcoÌ„s and tassell Gentils Rauens Beares Hares Foxes and other things than any other parte we haue yet discouered is more populous And here Luke Ward a Gentleman of the company traded merchandise did exchange kniues bells looking glasses c. with those countrey people who brought him foule fishe beares skinnes and suche like as their couÌ„trey yéeldeth for the same Here also they saw of those greater boates of the Country with twentie persons in a péece Nowe after the Generall hadde bestowed these manye dayes here not without many daungers he returned backe againe And by the way sayling alongest this coaste being the backeside of the supposed continent of America and the Queenes forelande he perceiued a great sounde to goe thorowe into Frobyshers straites Wherevppon he sente the Gabriell the one and twentith of Iuly to proue whether they mighte go thorowe and méete againe with him in the straites whiche they did and as we imagined befoâ—e so the Queenes forelande proued an Ilande as I thinke most of these supposed continentes will. And so he departed towardes the straites thinking it were highe time nowe to recouer hys Porte and to prouide the fléete of their lading wherof he was not a little carefull as shall by the processe and his resolute attempts appeare And in his returne with the rest of the fléete he was so entangled by reason of the darke fogge amongest a number of Ilandes and broken ground that lyeth of this coast that many of the ships came ouer the top of rocks which presently after they might percâ—iue to ly a drie hauyng not halfe a foote water more than some of their ships did draw And by reason they coulde not with a small gale of wind stem the force of the floud wherby to go cleare of the rocks they were faine to let an ancker fall with twoo bent of Cable togither at a C. and odde fadome deapth where otherwise they hadde bin by the force of the tides caried vpon the rocks again perished so that if God in these fortunes as a merciful guyde beyond the expectatioÌ„ of man had not caried vs thorow we had surely more than .x. M. times perished amiddest these dangers For being many times driuen harde aboorde the shoare withoute any sighte of lande vntill we were readye to make shipwracke thereon héeyng forced commonlye with oure boates to sounde before oure shippes leaste we might light thereon before we coulde discerne the same It pleased God to giue vs a cleare of Sunne and light for a shorte time to sée and auoide thereby the daunger hauing bin continuallye darke before and presently after Manye times also by meanes of fogge and currants
in durance at Edenburgh by the Regents commaundement of Scotlande After we had prouided vs héere of matter sufficiente for our voyage the eyght of Iune we sette sayle agayne and passing through Saint Magnus sounde hauing a merrie winde by night came cléere and lost sight of all the lande and kéeping oure course West Northwest by the space of two dayes the winde shifted vpon vs so that we lay in trauerse on the Seas with contrarie making good as néere as we could our course to the Westward and sometime to the Northward as the winde shifted And héereabout we met with thrée Sayle of English fishermen from Iseland bouÌ„d homewarde by whome we wrote our letters vnto oure friends in England We trauersed these Seas by the space of .26 dayes without sight of any land and met with much drift wodde and whole bodyes of trées We saw many monsterous Fishe and strange Fowle whyche sémed to liue only by the Sea being there so farre distant from anye land At length God fauoured vs with more prosperous windes and after we hadde sayled foure dayes with good wind in the Pâ—upe the fourth of Iuly the Michaell being formost a head shotte off a péece of Ordinance and stroke all hir sayles supposing that they descryed land whyche by reason of the thicke mistes they could not make perfit howbeit as wel our accompt as also the greate alteration of the water whiche became more blacke and smooth dyd playnely declare we were not farre off the coast Our Generall sent his Maister aboorde the Michaell who had bin within the yeare before to beare in with the place to make proofe thereof who desâ—ryed not the land perfecte but sawe sundrie huge Ilands of Ise which we déemed to be not past twelue leagues froÌ„ the shore for about tenne of the clocke at night being the fourth of Iuly the weather being more cléere we made the land perfect and knew it to be Fréeseland And the heigth being taken héere we founde oure selues to be in the Latitude of .60 Degrées and a halfe and were fallen with the Southermost parte of this land Betwéene Orkney and Freeseland are reckned leagues This Freeseland sheweth a ragged and high lande hauing the Mountaynes almost couered ouer with Snow alongst the coast full of drift Ise and séemeth almost inaccessible is thought to be an Iland in bignesse not inferior to England and is called of some Authours Weast Freeseland I thinke bycause it lyeth more Weast then anye part of Europe It extendeth in Latitude to the Northward verie farre as séemed to vs and appeareth by a description set out by two bréethren Venetians Nicholaus and Antonius Genoa who being driuen off from Ireland with a violent tempest made Shipwracke héere and were the first knowen Christians that discouered this lande aboute thrée hundred yeares sithence and they haue in their Sea-Cardes set out euerie part thereof and described the condition of the inhabitants declaring them to be as ciuill and Religious people as we And for so much of this land as we haue sayled alongst comparing their Carde with the coast we find it very agréeable This coast séemeth to haue good fishing for we lying becalmd let fall a hooke without anye bayte and presently caught a great fish called a Hollibut which serued the whole companie for a dayes meate and is dangerous meate for surfetting And sounding about fyue leagues off froÌ„ the shore our leade brought vp in the tallow a kind of Corrall almost white and small stones as bright as Christall it is not to be doubted but that this laÌ„d may be found very rich and beneficiall if it were throughly discouered although we saw no creature there but little birds It is a maruellous thing to behold of what great bignesse and depth some Ilandes of I se be héere some .70 some .80 fadome vnder water besides that which is aboue séemyng Ilands more than halfe a mile in circuite All these Ise are in tast freshe and séeme to be bredde in the sounds thereaboutes or in some land néere the pole and with the wind tides are driuen alongst the coastes We fouÌ„d none of these Ilands of Ise salt in tast wherby appeareth they were not congealed of the Ocean Sea water which is always salt but of some standing or little mouing lakes or great fresh waters néere the shore caused eyther by melted snow froÌ„ tops of Mountaines or by continuall accesse of fresh riuers froÌ„ the laÌ„d and intermingling with the Sea water bearing yet the dominion by the force of extreame frost may cause some part of salt water to fréese so with it so séeme a little brackish but otherwise the maine sea fréeseth not therefore there is no Mare Glaciale or frosen Sea as the opinion hytherto hath bin Our General proued laÌ„ding here twice but by the suddaine fall of mistes wherevnto this coast is much subiect he was like to lose sight of his Ships being greatly endangered with the driuing Ise alongst the coast was forced aboord and faine to surceasse his preteÌ„ce till a better oportunitie might serue and hauing spent .4 days nights sailing alongst this laÌ„d finding the coast subiect to such bitter cold continuall mistes he determined to spend no more time therin but to beare out his course towards the streights called Frobishers straightes after the Generals name who being the firste that euer passed beyonde .58 degrées to the Northwards for any thing hath bin yet knoweÌ„ of certainty of New found laÌ„d otherwise called the continent or firme laÌ„d of America discouered the said streights this last yeare .1576 and hopeth that there wil be found a thorough passage into the sea which lieth on the back side of the said new found laÌ„d called Mare pacificum or Mare de Sur by the which we maye go vnto Cataya China the East India and all the dominioÌ„s of the Great Cane of Tartaria Betwéene Freeseland the straights we had one great storme wherin that Michael was somewhat in daÌ„ger hauing hir Stéerage broken hir top Mastes bloweÌ„ ouer bord being not past .50 leagues short of the straights by our accoÌ„pt we strooke sayle lay a hull fearing the coÌ„tinuance of the storme the wind being at the Northeast and hauing lost company of the Barkes in that flaw of wind we happily mette againe the .17 day of Iuly hauing the euening before séene diuers Ilandes of fléeting Ise which gaue an argument that we were not farre from land Our Generall in the morning froÌ„ the maine top the weather being reasonable cléere descried laÌ„d but to be better assured he sent the two Barkes two coÌ„trarie courses wherby they might discrie either the South or North forlande the Ayde lying off on at Sea with a small saile by an Iland of Ise whiche was the marke for vs to méete togither agayne And aboute noone the weather being more cléere
places a fruitefull â—oyâ—e and is not yet thorowly discouered but onlâ—e seene and touched on the North edge therof by the trauaile of the Portingales and Spaniards in their voyages to their East and Weast Indies It is included almost by a Paralell passing at .40 degrées in South latitude yet in some places it reacheth into the Sea with greate Promontories euen vnto the Tropicke Capricornus Onely these partes of it are beste knowen as euer against Capo d'buona Speranza â—where the Portingales 〈◊〉 Popingayes commonly of a wonderfull greatnesse and againe it is knowen at the South side of the straight of Magellanus and is called Terra del Fuegâ— It is thoughte this Southlande about the pole Antarâ—â—ke is farre bigger than the North land aboute the pole Articke but wheâ—her it be so or not we haue no certaine kâ—owâ—â—dge for we haue no particular description hereof as wâ— hâ—ue of the lande vnder and aboute the North pâ—le Thus I haue briefly â—utted bounded out all the parts oâ— the Earth according vnto thys latter diuision into siâ—e pâ—rts Which that iâ— might be more apparant sensible to euery mans vnderstaÌ„dingâ— I haue here vnto adioyned an vniuersall Map wherein my minde was to make knowne â—o the eye what Countries haue béene discouered of late yeares and what before of olde time The olde knowne partes haue their bounâ—es traced and drawen with whole lines the newâ— disâ—ouâ—râ—d Câ—uâ—triâ—s 〈…〉 â—ounâ—s drawâ—n wâ—th poâ—nts or brokeâ— lâ—nâ—â— wâ—â—rbâ— the 〈◊〉 shâ—ll at the firste sight see both the shape and faâ—hâ—on of the whole vnâ—uersall face of the Earth compared alâ—â—ogâ—ther and also all the seuerall partes theâ—â—of wâ—ether â—hey were of old timâ— discouered or of lâ—te yeares thâ— wâ—â—ch Mâ—ppe though it be roughly framâ—d wâ—thoute degrees of Longitude or Lâ—titude yet is it sufficâ—ent for the purpose it wâ—s ordeyned for heerein as in all the rest of this diâ—coâ—rse of the thrée voyages of our woâ—thâ— Generall Captâ—â—ne Fâ—obisher my intente is more to sette out simply the true and playne procéeding and handling of thâ— wholâ— mâ—tter than to vse circumstance of many words oâ— fâ—ne â—loquent phrases wherein if I shoulde once goe about to â—nâ—angle my selfe it would doe nothing else but bewray my owne ignorance and lacke of Schole skâ—ll Theâ—efore of me there is nothing else to be loked for but such playne talke and writing as Souldyers and Marriners doe vse in theyr dayly méetings and voyages and this of necessâ—tâ—e must anye man vse that will deale with suche a mâ—tter as thys is although he wâ—re curious to the contrâ—rie By this discourse and Mappe is to be séene the vâ—liante courâ—ges of men in this later age within thâ—sâ— 8â— yeares that haue so muche enlarged the boundâ—â— oâ— the Woâ—ldeâ— that now we haue twice and thrice so muâ—â—e sâ—oâ—e for â—ure earthlie pâ—â—â—grination as we haue hadâ—e in 〈…〉 so thâ—t nowe men neede no more contentâ—ouâ—â—â— to 〈◊〉 for roâ—me to buiâ—d an house on or for a little 〈…〉 of one acre or two when greate Countrâ—â—s 〈…〉 Worldes offer and reache out themselues 〈…〉 will first voutsaâ—e to possesse inhabite and 〈…〉 there are Countreys yet remayning 〈…〉 and possessors whiche are fertile to bâ—â—â—g forth 〈…〉 of corne and grayne infinite sortes of lande 〈…〉 Horse Elephantes Kinâ— Shéepe great varietie 〈…〉 Fowles of the ayre as Phâ—sants Partridge Quayle Poâ—â—ngeys Ostridges c. infinitâ— kinde of fruts as Almonds â—ates Quinces Pomgranats Oringes c. holesome mediemâ—ble and delectable Greate varietie of floures câ—ntinuâ—llie springing Winter and Sommer beautifull for couloure odorifâ—rous and comfortable Abundance of faire hilles and valleys furnished with all maner woddes and pleasante riuers Millions of newe fashions and strange beastes aâ—d fishes both in Sea and fresh waters Mountaines bringing forth aâ—l maner of Mettals as gold siluer yronâ— c. All sorts of pretious stones and spices in al which land waâ—teth nothing that may be desired eyther for pleasurâ— pâ—ofite or â—ecessarie vsâ—s which sundry Countreys to possesse and obteâ—ne as it is an easie thiâ—g so would I not haue our Englishe Nation to be slacke therein leâ—st perhâ—ppes agayne they ouershoote themselues in refusing ocâ—casion offered as it was in the time of King Henry the seauenth when all the West Indies were firste prâ—fered to the Englisâ—men to be giuen into their handes whiche they little regarding was aftâ—â—wâ—rd offerâ—d to the Spanyâ—rdes who presently aâ—cepted thâ— occasion and now enioy the infinite treasure and commoâ—itie thereof I would not wishe Englishmeâ— to bâ— newe vnlike themselues â—or in all the later discouerieâ— the Englishe nâ—tion hath bin as forwâ—rd as anâ— other â—s firstâ—â— by their Nauigations Northâ—â—stward the bouÌ„ds of Europe wer made perfâ—ct on the North syde for Ptolomie Stâ—abo and al other Geogrâ—phers â—eâ—te it desâ—ribed but onelâ— to the Ilandes Orcadâ—s iâ— Iâ—elande and Hyperboreos Montes in Sarmaâ—iâ— aâ—d finding the lâ—nd on â—he North sidâ— oâ— â—â—rmâ—ny Poland Moscouia and Asia 〈◊〉 eâ—tend Northwâ—â—d â—hey leâ—t â—onâ—uâ—â—dly â— knâ—w â—ot whether it reâ—câ—ed to the Polâ— as one 〈…〉 or 〈…〉 voyage hath since bin perfected by the two bréethren the Borowes other valiant yong meÌ„ of our time Eastward beyonde the great Riuer Obij as farre as the Empire of the great Cam or Cane of Tartariâ— as â—ppéereth in my general Map by the pricked bouÌ„ds therof Thâ—t voyage was then takeÌ„ in hand of the valiant Knight with preteÌ„ce to haue gone Eastward to the rich CouÌ„trey of Catâ—ya was grouÌ„ded briefely vpon these reasons First bicause ther was a Unicornes horne found vpon the coast of Tartaâ—ia by the Riuer Obij which said he was like by no other ways to come thither but froÌ„ India or Câ—taya where the saide Unicornes are only fouÌ„d that by some sea bringing it thither Also a fishermaÌ„ of Tartariâ— reported that he sailed verye farre South eastward found no end of sea or likelyhoode therof Lastly a Tartarian inhabiting néere the Scithian Seâ— reported such a streame and currant to runne there coÌ„tinuallyâ— towards the West that if you cast any thing therein it would presently be caried out of your sight towards the West whereby necessarilâ— foloweth ther should be some passage to some largâ—r sea wherin this coÌ„â—inuaâ—l streame might emptie it self And by the experience of this voâ—age it wâ—s found that the frosen â—ones were not frosâ—n buâ— hâ—b table and nauigable a thing that almost all the old Philosophers did deny went about with sundry reasons â—o impugne â—or â—n this voyage to Moscouiâ— our men passed beâ—ond .72 degrées in Noâ—th Latitude wheras the frosen Zone beginneth at .66 dâ—grées a halfe This enterprise althogh it tâ—ke not effâ—ct to find the passage to Cataya Eastwâ—rd bâ—câ—use the worthy knight the chiefe Author therof dyed in the way thither yet hath it bin very beneficiall to England in finding out the trade to S. Nicholas both for the maintenâ—nce of the Nâ—uâ—e the yerely profit is reaped therby
vse after one yéere or two the ayre woulde séeme to hym more temperate It was compted a greate matter in the olde time that there was a brasse pot broken in sunder with frosen water in Ponthus which after was broughte and shewed in Delphis in token of a miraculous cold region and Winter and therefore consecrated to the Temple of Apollo This effecte being wroughte in the Paralell of .48 degrées in latitude it was presentlye compted a place verye hardly and vneasily to be inhabited for the greate cold And howe then can suche men define vppon other Regions very farre without that Paralell where they were inhabited or not séeing that in so neare a place they so grossely mistooke the matter and others their followers being conteÌ„ted with the inuentions of the olde Authors haue persisted willingly in the same opinion with more confidence thaÌ„ consideration of the cause so lightly was that opinion receiued as touching the vnhabitable Clime neare vnder the Poles Therfore I am at this present to proue that al the land lying betwéene the laste climate euen vnto the point directly vnder either Poles is or maye be inhabited especially of suche creatures as are ingendred and bredde therein For indéed it is to be confessed that some particular liuing creature cannot liue in euery particular place or region especially wyth the same ioy and felicitie as it did where it was firste bredde for the certaine agréement of nature that is betwéene the place and the thing bredde in that place as appeareth by the Elephant which being translated and brought out of the second or third climate though they may liue yet will they neuer ingender or bring forth yong Also wée sée the like in many kinds of plants and hearbs for example the OraÌ„ge trée although in Naples they bring forth fruit abundantly in Rome and Florence they wil beare only faire gréene leaues but not any fruite and translated into England they will hardly beare either flowers fruite or leaues but are the next winter pinched and withered with colde yet it followeth not for this that England Rome and Florence should not be habitable In the prouing of these colde regions habitable I shall be verye shorte bicause the same reasons serue for this purpose which were alleaged before in the prouing the middle Zone to be temperate especially séeing al heate cold procéede from the Sunne by the meanes eyther of the Angle his beames doeth make with the Horizon or else by the long or shorte continuance of the Suns presence aboue ground so that if the Sunnes beames do beate perpendicularlye at righte Angles then there is one cause of heate and if the Sunne doe also long continue aboue the Horizon then the heate thereby is muche encreased by accesse of this other cause and so groweth to a kind of extremitie And these .ij. causes as I said before doe moste concurre vnder the two Tropickes and therefore there is the greatest heate of the worlde And likewise where both these causes are most absent there is greatest want of heate and encrease of colde séeing that colde is nothing but the priuation and absence of heat and if one cause be wanting and the other present the effect will growe indifferent Therefore this is to bée vnderstanded that the nearer anye region is to the Equinoctiall the higher the Sunne doeth rise ouer their heads at noone so maketh either righte or neare righte angles but the Sun tarryeth with them so much the shorter time causeth shorter dayes with longer and colder nights to restore the domage of the daye paste by reasoÌ„ of the moisture consumed by vapour But in such regions ouer the which the Sun riseth lower as in regions extended towardes eyther pole it maketh there vnequall Angles but the Sunne continueth longer and maketh longer dayes causeth so much shorter and warmer nights as retayning warme vapoures of the daye paste For there are found by experience Sommer nights in Scotland and Gothland very hot when vnder the Equinoctiall they are found very colde This benefite of the Sunnes long continuaunce and encrease of the day doth augment so muche the more in colde regions as they are nearer the poles and ceaseth not encreasing vntil it come directly vnder the point of the Pole Articke where the Sunne continueth aboue grounde the space of sixe moneths or halfe a yeare togither so the daye is halfe a yere long that is the time of the Suns being in the North signes from the first degrée of Aries vntil the last of Virgo that is all the time from our .10 day of March vntill the .14 of September The Sun therfore during the time of these .6 moneths without any offence or hindraunce of the nighte gyueth his influence vpon those landes with heate that neuer ceaseth during that time which maketh to the great increase of Sommer by reason of the Sunnes continuaunce Therfore it followeth that though the Sunne be not there very high ouer their heads to cause right angle beams to giue great heate yet the Sun being there sometimes almâ—â—t 24. degrées high doth caste a conuenient and meane heate which there continueth without hinderaunce of the nighte the space of six moneths as is before saide during whiche time there foloweth to be a conuenient moderate and temperate heat or else rather it is to be suspected the heat there to be very great both for continuance also Quia virtus vnita crescit the vertue and strength of heat vnited in one encreaseth If then there be suche a moderate heat vnder the Poles and the same to continue so long time what shoulde moue the olde writers to say there cannot be place for habitation And that the certaintie of this temperate heat vnder both the Poles might more manifestlye appeare lette vs consider the position qualitie of the Sphere the length of the day and so to gather the heighte of the Sunne at all times and by consequent the quantitie of his Angle and so lastely the strength of his heate Those landes and regions lying vnder the pole and hauing the Pole for their Zenith muste néedes haue the Equinoctiall circle for their Horizon therefore the Sunne entring into the North signes and describing euery .24 houres a Paralell to the Equinoctiall by the diurnall motion of Primum Mobile the same Paralels must néedes be wholy aboue the Horizon and so looke howe many degrées there are froÌ„ the fyrst of Aries to the last of Virgo so many whole reuolutions there are aboue theyr Horizon that dwell vnder the Pole whiche amounteth to .182 and so manye of oure dayes the Sunne continueth with them During whiche tyme they haue there continuall daye and lighte withoute anye hinderaunce of moiste nightes Yet it is to be noted that the Sunne being in the fyrst degrée of Aries and laste degrée of Virgo maketh his reuolution in the very Horizon so that in these
readynesse vppon all suddayne occasions and so giuing the watch their charge the company departed to rest I thoughte the Captaynes Letter well worth the remembring not for the circumstance of curious enditing but for the substance and good meaning therein contayned and therefore haue repeated héere the same as by himselfe it was hastilie written ¶ The forme of Martin Frobishers letter to the Englishe Captiues IN the name of God in whom we al beleue who I trust hath preserued your bodyes and soules amongst these Infidels I coÌ„mend me vnto you I will be glad to seeke by all meanes you can deuise for your deliuerance eyther with force or with any commodities within my Shippes whiche I will not spare for your sakes or any thing else I can doe for you I haue aboord of theyrs a Man a Woman and a Childe whiche I am contented to delyuer for you but the man which I carried away from hence the last yeare is dead in ENGLAND Moreouer you may declare vnto them that if they deliuer you not I wyll not leaue a manne aliue in their Countrey And thus if one of you can come to speake with me they shall haue eyther the Man Woman or Childe in pawne for you And thus vnto God whome I trust you do serue in hast I leaue you and to him we will dayly pray for you This Tuesdaye morning the seauenth of August Anno. 1577. Yours to the vttermost of my power MARTIN FROBISHER Postscript I haue sente you by these bearers Penne Incke and Paper to write backe vnto me agayne if personally you can not come to certifye me of your estate NOw had the Generall altered his determination for going any further into the straights at this time for any further discouerie of the passage hauing taken a man and a woman of that Countrey whiche he thought sufficiente for the vse of language and hauing also mette wyth these people héere which intercepted his meÌ„ the last yeare as the apparell and Englishe furniture which was found in their tentes very well declared he knewe it was but labour lost to séeke them further off when he had found them there at hand And considering also the shorte time he had in hande he thought it best to bend his whole endeuour for the getting of Myne and to leaue the passage further to be discouered héereafter For his commission directed hym in this voyage only for the searching of the Gold Ore and to deferre the further discouerie of the passage vntill another tyme. On Thurseday the ninth of August we beganne to make a small Fort for our defence in the CouÌ„tesses Iland and entrenched a corner of a cliffe which on thre parts like a wall of good heygth was compassed and well fenced with the Sea we finished the rest with caskes of earth to good purpose and this was called Bestes Bulwarke after the Lieutenants name who first deuised the same This was done for that we suspected more least the desperate men might oppresse vs with multitude than any feare we had of their force weapons or policie of battell but as wisedome would vs in such place so far from home not to bée of our selues altogither carelesse so the signes whiche oure captiue made vnto vs of the comming downe of his Gouernoure or Prince which he calleth Catchoe gaue vs occasion to foresée what might ensue thereof for he shewed by signes that this Catchoe was a maÌ„ of higher stature farre than any of our nation is and he is accustomed to be carried vpon mens shoulders About midnighte the Lieutenant caused a false Alarme to be giuen in the Iland to proue as well the readynesse of the companie there a shore as also what help might be hoped for vpon the suddayne from the Shyppes if néede â—â—â—â—quired and euery part was found in good reâ—â—ynesâ—e vâ—â—on such a suddayne Saterday the eleuenth of August the people shewed themselues agayne and called vnto vs from the side of a hil ouer against vs The Generall with good hope to heare of hys men and to haue answere of his Letter wente ouer vnto them where they presented themselues not aboue three in sight but were hidden in déede in greater numbers behynde the Roâ—kes and makyng signes of delay with vs to entrappe some of vs to redeeme theyr owne did onely séeke aduantage to trayne oure Boate aboute a poynte of lande from sight of oure companieâ— wherevpon our menne iustly suspecting them kepte aloofe wâ—thout their daunger and yet sette one of our companie a shore whyche tooke vp a greate blather whiche one of them offered vs and leauing a looking glasse in the place came into the Boate agayne In the meane whyle our men whyche stoode in the Countesses Ilande to behold who mighte better discerne them than those in the Boate by reason they were vppon higher ground made a greate outcrye vnto our men in the boate for that they sawe diuers of the Sauages créeping behynde the Rockes towardes our men wherevppon the Generall presently returned without tidings of his men Concerning this Blather which we receyued our Captiue made signes that it was giuen him to kéepe water and drincke in but we suspected rather it was gyuen hym to swimme and shift away withall for he and the woman sought diuers times to escape hauing loosed our Boates from a Sterne our Shyppes and wée neuer a Boate lefte to pursue them withall and had preuayled verie farre had they not bin verie timelie espyed and preuented therein After our Generalles comming away from them they mustered themselues in our sight vppon the toppe of a hill to the number of twentie in a rancke all holdyng handes ouer theyr heads and dauncing with greate noyse and songs togither wée supposed they made thys daunce and shew for vs to vnderstand that we might take vew of theyr whole companyes and force meaning belike that wée should doe the same And thus they continued vppon the hyll toppes vntyll nighte when hearing a peece of oure greate Ordinance whyche thundered in the hollownesse of the hygh hylles made vnto them so fearefull a noyse that they hadde no greate wyll to tarrie long after And this was done more to make them knowe oure force than to do them any hurte at all On Sunday the twelfth of August Captayne Fenton trayned the companye and made the Souldyoures maineteyne skyrmishe among themselues as wâ—ll for theyr exercise as for the Countrey people to beholde in what readynesse oure menne were alwayes to bee founde for it was to bée thoughte that they lay hydde in the hylles thereaboute and obserued all the manner of oure proceedings On Wensday the fouretéenth of August oure Generall wyth two small Boates well appoynted for that hee suspected the Countrey people to lye lurking thereaboute wente vp a certayne Bay wythin the Countesses sound to searche for Ore and mette agayne wyth the Countrey people who so soone as they saw our men made greate
and mountaynes there euerye mountaine causing a seuerall blaste and pirrie after the manner of a Leuant In this storme being the sixe and twentith of Iuly there fell so much snow with such bâ—tter cold ayre that wee coulde not scarce â—ee one another for the same nor open â—ure eies to handle our ropes and sayles the snow being aboue halfe a fâ—ote deepe vppon the hatches of oure shippe which did so wette â—horowe our poore Marriners clothes that he that hadde fiue or sixe shifte of apparell hadde scarce one drie thréede to his backe whiche kinde of wette and coldenesse togither with â—he ouer-labouring of the poore menne amiddest the Ise bred no small sickenesse amongest the Fléete whyche somewhat discouraged some of the poore men who hâ—dde not expâ—â—ience of the like before euerye man perswading himselfe that the wynter there must néeds be extreme where they be founde so vnseasonable a Sommer And yet notwythstandyng this cold ayre the Sunne many times hath a maruellous force of heate amongest those mountaines insomuche that when ther is no breth of wind to bring the cold ayre from the dispersed Ise vppon vs we shall be weary of the bloming heate then sodainly with a perry of wind whiche commeth down froÌ„ the hollownes of the hilles we shal haue such a breth of heate brought vpon our face as though we wâ—re entred within some bastow or hote-house when the first of tâ—e pirry blast is past we shall haue the winde sodainly anew blow cold againe In this storme the Anne Fraunces the Moone and the Thomâ—â— of Ipswich who founde themselues able to holde it vppe with a Sâ—yle and coulde double aboute the Cape of the Queenes forelande plyed oute to Sea-warde holding it for better policie and safetie to séeke Sea roome than to hazarde the continuaunce of the storme the daunger of the Ise and the léeshoare And being vncertaine at this time of the Generalles priuate â—eterminations the weather being so darke that they coulde not discerne one another nor perceiue whâ—che waâ—e he wrought betooke themselues to this course â—or best and safâ—st The Generall notwithstanding the greate storme following his owne former resoâ—ution soughte by all meanes possible by a shorter way to recouer his Port and where he saw the Ise neuer so little open he gat in at one gappe and out at another and so himselfe valiantly ledde the way through before to induce the Fléete to followe after with incredible payne perill at leÌ„gth gat through the Iâ—e and vpon the one and thirtith of Iuly recouered his long wished Porte after many attemptes and sundry times being put backe and came to Ancker in the Countesse of Warwickes sound in the entrance whereof when he thoughte all perill past he encountred a great Iland of Ise whyche gaue the Ayde suche a blow hauing a little beâ—ore wayed hir Ancker a cocke bill that it stroke the Ancker flouke through the Shippes bowes vnder the water whych caused so great a leake that with muche adde they preserued the Shippe from sincking At theyr ariuall héere they perceyued two Shyppes at Ancker within the harborough whereat they beganne muche to maruell and greately to reioyce â—or those they knewe to bée the Michaell wherein was the Lieutenante generall Captayne Fenton and the small Barke called the Gabriell who so long tyme were missing and neuer hearde of before whome euery man made the last reckning neuer to heare of agayne Héere euery man greately reioysed of their happie méeting and welcomed one another after the Sea manner with their great Ordinance and when eache partie hadde reaped vp their sundry fortunes and perils past they highlye praysed God and altogither vppon their knées gaue hym due humble and harty thanckes and Marster Wolfall a learned man appoynted by hir Maiesties Councell to bée theyr Minister and Preacher made vnto them a godly Sermon exhorting them especially to be thankefull to God for theyr strange and miraculous deliuerance in those so dangerous places and putting them in mynde of the vncertainetie of mans life willed them to make theÌ„selues alwayes ready as resolute men to enioy and accept thankefully whatsoeuer aduenture his deuine Prouidence should appoynt This Mayster Wolfall being well seated and setled at home in his owne Countrey with a good and large liuing hauing a good honest woman to wife and verie towardly Children being of good reputation among the best refused not to take in hand this paynefull voyage for the only care he had to saue Soulâ—s and to reforme those Infidels if it were possible to Christianitie and also partly for the great desire he hadde that this notable voyage so well begunne might be brought to perfection and therfore he was contented to stay there the whole yeare if occasion had serued being in euery necessarie action as forward as the resolutest men of all Whefore in this behalfe he may rightly be called a true Pastor and minister of Gods word which for the profite of his flocke spared not to venture his owne life But to returne agayne to Captayne Fentons company and to speake somewhat of their dangers albeit they bée more than by writing can be expressed They reported that from the night of the first storme whiche was aboute the first day of Iuly vntill seauen dayes before the Generalles arriuall whiche was the sixe and twentith of the same they neuer sawe any one day or houre wherein they were not troubled with continuall daunger and feare of deathe and were twentie dayes almost togither fast amongst the Ise. They had their Shippe stricken through and through on both sides their false stemme borne quite away and could go from their Shippes in some places vppon the Ise very many miles and might easilie haue passed from one Iland of Ise to another euen to the shore and if God had not wonderfully prouided for them and theyr necessitie and time had not made theÌ„ more cunning wise to séeke strange remedies for strange kinds of dangers it had bin impossible for them euer to haue escaped for amoÌ„g other deuises wheresoeuer they founde any Iland of Ise of greater bignesse than the rest as there be some of more thaÌ„ halfe a mile compasse about and almost .400 fadome high they commonly coueted to recouer the same and thereof to make a bulwarke for their defence wheron hauing moreâ— Ancker they roade vnder the lée thereof for a time béeyng therby garded from the danger of the lesser driuing Ise. But when they must néedes forgoe this newe founde forte by meanes of other Ise whiche at length woulde vndermine and compasse them round about and wheÌ„ that by heauing of the billow they were therwith like to be brused in peces they vsed to make fast the Ship vnto the most firme and broad péece of Ise they could find and binding hir nose fast therevnto would fill all their Sayles whereon the winde hauing great power would force
forward the Ship and so the Ship bearing before hir the yse so one yse driuing forward another should at leÌ„gth get scope searoome And hauing by this meanes at length put their enimies to slight occupyed the cléere place for a prettie season among sundry Mountaynes and Alpes of Ise. One there was founde by measure to be .65 fadome aboue water which for a kind of similitude was called Salomons porch Some thinke those Ilands eight times so muche vnder water as they are aboue bycause of their moÌ„strous weight But now I remeÌ„ber I saw very strange wonders men walking running leaping shoting vpon the maine seas .40 miles from any land without any Shippe or other vessell vnder them Also I saw fresh Riuers running amidst the salt Sea a hundred myle from land which if any man will not beléeue let him know that mâ—ny of our company lept out of their Shippe vppon Ilandes of Ise and running there vppe and downe did shoote at buttes vppon the Ise and with their Caliuers did kill greate Ceales whicâ—e vâ—e to lye and sléepe vpon the Ise and thâ—s Ise melting aboue at the toppe by reâ—lection of the Sunne came downe in sundrye streames whyche vniting togither made a prettie brooke able to driue a Mill. The sayd Captayne Fenton recouered his Porte tenne dayes before any man and spente good time in searchyng for mine and found good store thereof which bycause it proued good was after called Fentons Fortune He also discouered aboute tenne Miles vp into the Countrey where he perceyued neyther Towne Uillage nor likelyhode of habitatiâ—n but séemeth as he sayth barrennous as the other parts which as yet we haue entred vpon but their victuals and prouision went so scante with them that they had determined to returne homeward within seauen dayes after if the Fléete had not then arriued The Generall after his arriual in the CouÌ„tesses sound spent no time in vayne but immediately at his first laÌ„ding called the chiefe Captaynes of his Councell togither and consulted with them for the spéedier executioÌ„ of such things as then they had in hand As first for searching and finding out good Minerall for the Miners to be occupyed on Then to giue good orders to be obserued of the whole company on shore And lastly to consider for the erecting vp the Forte and House for the vse of them whiche were to abide there the whole yeare For the better handling of these and all other like important causes in this seruice it was ordeined from hir Maiestie and the Councell that the Generall should call vnto him certayne of the chiefe Captaynes and GentlemeÌ„ in councell to coÌ„ferre consult and determine of al occurreÌ„ts in this seruice whose names are here as folow Captayne Fenton Captayne Yorke Captayne Best Captayne Carew Captayne Philpot. And in Sea causes â—o haue as assistants Christopher Hâ—l and Câ—arles IackmaÌ„ â—eing both very gooâ— Pyloâ—s 〈…〉 ficient Mariners wheâ—eof â—he one was chiâ—fâ— Pylot of â—he voyage and the other for the discouerie From the place oâ— our habitation weastward Maister Selmâ—n was appointed Notarie to register the whole manner of procéeding â—n these affaires that true relation thereof might be made iâ— it pleased hir Maiâ—stie to require it The first of August euery Captaine by order from the General his counsell was commaunded to bring ashore vnto the Counâ—esses Iland al such gâ—ntlemen soulâ—iouâ—s and Myners as were vnder their charge with suchâ— prouision as they had of victuals tents and things necessarye for the spéedie getting togither of Mine and fraught for the shippes The Muster of the men being taken and the victuals with all other things viewed and considered euery maÌ„ was set to his charge as his place and office required The Myners were appointed where to worke and the Mariners discharged their shippes Uppon the seconde of August was published and proclaymed vppon the Countesse of Warwickes Iland with sound of Trumpet certain orders by the general and hys counsel appointed to be obserued of the companye during the time of their abiding there The copie whereof here followeth Orders set down by M. Frobisher Esquire Captaine Generall for the voyage to Cataya to be obserued of the companie during the timâ— of thâ—ir abode in Meta Incognitâ— Pâ—blâ—shed the second day of August Anno .1578 1 IN primis the Generall in hir Maiesties name straightly chargeth and commaundeth that no person or persons with Boate nor Pinnesse shall go ashoare for any cause but to the Countesse of Warwickes Ilande and Winters Fornace without licence of the general or his deputies And if they fortune at anye time hauing licence to méete with any of the Countrey people that they shall not enter into any conference or armes wyth them vntyl they haue giuen intelligence thereof to the Generall or hys Lieutenaunt 2 Item that no person of what calling soeuer he bée shal make an assay of any maner of mettal matter or Ore in the partes nowe called Meta Incognita but only suche as shal be appointed by the General or in his absence by his Lieutenaunt to doe the same nor that anye person shall take vp and kepe to his priuate vse anye parte or parcel of Ore pretious stone or other matter of commoditie to be had or founde in that lande but he the sayde person so seased of such Ore stone or other matter of commoditie shall with al spéede as soone as he can detect the same and make deliuerie thereof to the Generall or his Lieuetenaunt Generall vppon paine to forfaite for euerye suche ounce thereof the value treble of anye wages he is to receiue after the daye of such offence committed And further to receyue suche punishmente as to hyr Maiestie shall séeme good 3 Item that no shippe or shippes shall take vppon them to loade any manner of Ore without licence of the General or he that shal be appointed deputie for him for the view of the same 4 Item that all the Maisters of euerye shippe or shippes within the Fleete shal vpon Mundaye next comming by foure of the clocke in the morning wyth all the moste parte of theyr companies make theyr repayre to the Countesses Ilande aforesayde there to viewe and make suche places for loading and vnloading of Ore and other thyngs as shall be moste commodious and méete for that purpose 5 Item that no person or persons within this seruice by sea or lâ—nde shall vse anye discouered spéeches swearyng brauling or cursing vppon payne of imprysonmente 6 Item that no person or persons eyther by Sea or lande shal drawe his or theyr weapons in quarrellyng manner to the intente to offende or disturbe the quiete of anye person or persons wythin thys seruice vppon paine that being so taken he or they whatsoeuer immediately to loose his right hande 7 Item that no person or persons shall washe their handes or anye other things in the Spring vppon the Countesses Ilande where the water is vsed and preserued for the dressing
ouer within Theâ— thought it now very hie time to consider of their estates and saâ—eties that were yet left togither And herevppon the Captaines and maisters of these shippes desired the Captaine of the Anne Frances to enter into consideration with theÌ„ of these matters wherfore Captaine Tanfield of the Thomas of Ipswich with his Pylot Richard Coxe and Captaine Vpcote of the Moone with his maistâ—r Iohn Lakes came aboorde the Anne Frances the eight of August to consult of these causes And being assembled togither in the Captaynes Cabin sundrie doubtes were there alleaged For the fearefuller sorte of Mariners being ouertyred with the continuall labour of the former daungers coueted to returne homewarde saying that they woulde not againe tempte God so muche who hadde giuen them so manye warnings and deliuered them from so wonderfull daungers that they rather desired to loose wages fraughte and all than to continewe and followe 〈◊〉 desperate fortunes Again their shippes were so leake 〈◊〉 the men so weâ—rie that to 〈…〉 â—he one and refresh the other they muâ—â—e of necesâ—itâ—â—â—â—â—ke into harborough But on the oâ—her side it waâ— argued agâ—ine to the contrarie that to séeke into haâ—bâ—row thereabouâ—es was but to subiect themselues to double daungers for if happilye they escape the daungers of rockes in their entring yet being in they were neuerthelesse subiect there to the daunger of the Ise which with the swift tydes and currantes is caried in and out in most harborowes thereaboutes and may thereby gaule their Cables asunder driue them vppon the shoare and bring them to muche trouble Also the coast is so much subiect to broken ground rockes especially in the mouth and entraunce of euerye harborow that albeit the channell be sounded ouer and ouer againe yet are you neuer the neare to discerne the daungers For the bottome of the sea holding like shâ—pe and forme as the lande beyng full of hilles dales and ragged rockes suffereth you not by your soundings to knowe and kéepe a true gesse of the depth For you shall sounde vpon the side or hollownesse of one hil or rocke vnder water and haue a hundreth fiftie or fourtie fadome depth and before the next cast ere you shal bée able to haue your lead againe you shall be vppon the toppe thereof and come agrounde to your vtter confusion Another reason against going to harborowe was that the colde ayre did threaten a sodaine fréesing vppe of the sounds séeing that euery night there was new congealed Ise euen of that water which remayned within their shippes And therefore it should séeme to be more safe to lye off and on at sea than for lacke of winde to bring them forth of harborow to hazard by sodaine frostes to be shut vppe the whole yeare After many such daungers and reasons alleaged large debating of these causes on both sides the Captayne of the Anne Frâ—nces deliuered his opinion vnto the company to this effâ—ct First coÌ„cerning the question of returning home he thought iâ— so much dishonorable as not to grow in any farther question and aâ—ayne to returne home at length as at length they must needes and not to be able to bring a certayne report of the Fléete whether they were liuing or lost or whether any of them had recouered their porte or not in the Countesses founde as it was to be thoughte the most part would if they were liuing he sayd that it would be so great an argumeÌ„t eyther of wante of courage or discretion in them as he resolued rather to fall into any danger than so shamefully to consent to returne homâ— protesting that it should neuer be spoken of him that he wouâ—de euer returne withoute doing his endeauour to finde the Fléete and knowe the certaynetie of the Generals safetie He put his company in remembrance of a pinnesse of fiue tunne burthen which he had within his Ship whiche was caryed in péeces and vnmade vp for the vse of those whiche should inhabite there the whole yeare the whiche if they coulde fynde meanes to ioyne togither hée offered himselfe to proue before therewith whether it were possible for any Boate to passe for Ise whereby the Shippe myghte bée broughte in after and mighte also thereby gyue true notice if any of the Fléete were arriued at theyr porte or not But notwithstanding for that he well perceyued that the most parte of hys companye were addicted to put into harborough he was willing the rather for these causes somewhat to encluâ—â— therevnto As first to search alongst the same coast and the soundes thereaboutes he thoughte it to be to good purpose for that it was likely to fynd some of the Fléete there whiâ—he béeing leake and sore brused with the Ise was the rather thought lykely to be put into an yll harborough beyng distressed with foule weather in the last storme than to hazarde theyr vncertayne safeties amongst the Ise for about this place they lost them and lefte the Fléete then doubtfully questioning of harborough It was lykely also that they mighte fynde some fitte harborough thereaboutes whiche myghte bée houefull for them againste another tyme It was not likewise impossible to fynde some Ore or Myne thereaboutes wherewithall to fraughte theyr Shyppes whiche woulde bée more commodious in this place for the néerenesse to Seawarde and for a better outlette than further within the straytes béeyng lykely héere alwayes to loade in a shorter tyme howsoeuer the strayte shoulde be pestered wyth Ise within so that if it myghte come to passe that thereby they mighte eyther fynd the Fléete Mine or conuenient harborough any of these thrée woulde well serue theyr presente turnes and gyue some hope and comforte vnto theyr companyes whiche nowe were altogyther comfortlesse But if that all fortune shoulde fall out so contrarye that they coulde neyther recouer theyr Porte nor anye of these aforesayde helpes that yet they woulde not departe the coast as long as it was possible for them to tarrie there but woulde lye off and on at Sea athwart the place Therefore hys finall conclusion was sette downe thus Firste that the Thomas of Ipswiche and the Moone shoulde consorte and kéepe companye togyther carefully wyth the Anne Frances as néere as they could and as true Englishmen and faythfull friends should supplye one anothers want in all fortunes and dangers In the morning following euery Shippe to sende of hys Boate with a sufficiente Pylot to searche out and sounde the harboroughes for the safe bringing in of theyr Shippes And béeyng arriued in harborough where they mighte finde conuenient place for the purpose they resolued forthwith to ioyne and set togyther the Pinnesse wherewythall the Captayne of the Anne Frances might accordyng to his former determination discouer vp into the straytes After these determinations thus sette downeâ— the Thomas of Ipswiche the nyghte following lost company oâ— the other Shyppes and afterwarde shaped a contrarye course homewarde whyche fell out as it manyfestlie appeared very muche agaynste
togither for that some of the ships were behinde hande with their fraighte the time of the yeare passyng spéedily away The thirtith of August the Anne FraÌ„ces was brought a ground had .viij. great leakes mended whiche she had receiued by meanes of the rockes and Ise. This daye the Masons finished a house whiche Captaine Fenton caused to be made of lyme and stone vpon the Countesse of Warwickes Ilande to the ende we mighte proue againste the nexte yere whether the snowe coulde ouerwhelme it the frosts breake vppe or the people dismeÌ„ber the same And the better to allure those brutish vnciuill people to courtesie againste other times of oure comming we left therein dyuers of oure countrie toyes as belles and kniues wherein they specially delight one for the necessarie vse and the other for the great pleasure thereof Also pictures of men women in lead men a horsebacke looking lasses whistles and pipes Also in the house was made an ouen and breade lâ—stâ— baked therein for them to sée and taste We buryed the timber of our pretended forte with manye barrels of meale pease griste and sundrie other good things which was of the prouision of those whych should inhabite if occasion serued And instéede therof we fraight oure ships full of Ore whiche we holde of farre greater price Also here we sowed pease corne and other graine to proue the fruitfulnesse of the soyle against the next yeare Maister Wolfall on Winters Fornace preached a godly Sermon whiche being ended he celebrated also a Communion vpon the lande at the pertaking whereof was the Capitaine of the Anne Fraunces and manye other Gentlemen Soldiors Marriners Miners wyth hym The celebration of diuine mistery was the first signe seale confirmatioÌ„ of Christes name death passion euer knowen in all these quarters The said M. Wolfall made sermons celebrated the CoÌ„munion at sundrie other times in seuerall and sundrie Ships bicause the whole company could neuer méet togither at any one place The fléet now being in some good readinesse for their lading the General calling togither the GeÌ„tlemen Captains to consult told them that he was very desirous that some further discouery should be attempted that he woulde not only by Gods help bring home his Shippes laden with golde Ore but also meant to bring some certificat of a further discouerie of the Countrie which thing to bring to passe hauing sometime therein consulted they founde verye harde and almost inuincible And considering that alreadie they hadde spente some time in searching out the trending and fashion of the mistaken straites and hadde entred verye farre therein therefore it coulde not be saide but that by thys voyage they haue notice of a further discouery and that the hope of the passage thereby is muche furthered and encreased as appeared before in the discourse thereof Yet notwithstandyng if anye meanes mighte be further deuised the Capitaynes were contented and willing as the Generall shoulde appointe and commaunde to take anye enterprise in hande Whiche after long debating was found a thing verye impossible that rather consultation was to bée had of returning homewarde especiallye for these causes followyng First the darke foggy mistes the continuall fallyng Snowe and stormy weather which they commonly were vexed with and nowe daylye euer more and more increased haue no small argument of the Winters drawing neare And also the froste euerye nighte was so harde congealed within the sounde that if by euill happe they shoulde be long kepte in wyth contrarye windes it was greatlye to be feared that they should be shutte vppe there faste the whole yeare whyche being vtterly vnprouided woulde be their vtter destruction Againe drincke was so scant throughout al the Fléete by meanes of the greate leakage that not onely the prouision whiche was layde in for the habitation was wanting and wasted but also eache Shippes seuerall prouision spent and lost which many of oure companye to their greate griefe founde in their returne since for al the way homewards they dranke nothing but water And the great cause of this lekage and wasting was for that the great timber seacole which lay so waighty vpoÌ„ the barrels brake brused rotted the hoopes in â—uÌ„der Yet notwithstaÌ„ding these reasons alledged the Generall himselfe willing the rest of the GeÌ„tlemeÌ„ Captains euery man to looke to his seuerall charge and laâ—ing that against a day appoynted they shoulde be all in a readinesse to sette homeward himselfe went in his Pinnesse and discouered further Northward in the straytes and found that by Beares sound and Halles Iland the land was not firme as it was first supposed but all broken Ilandes in manner of an Archipelagus and so with other secret intelligence to himselfe he returned to the Fléete Where presentlye vpon his arriuall at the Countesses sound he began to take order for their returning homeward and first caused certayne Articles to be proclaymed for the better kéeping orders and courses in their returne which Articles were deliuered to euery Captayne and are these that follow ¶ Articles sette downe by Martin Frobisher Esquier Captayne Generall of the whole Fleete appoynted for the Northweast discoueries of Cataya published and made knowen to the Fleete for the better obseruing certayne orders and course in their returne homevvarde 1 FIrste and principallie he doth straytely charge and commaunde by vertue of hir Maiesties commission which he hath and in hir Maiesties name that euery Captayne and Captaynes Mayster and Maysters of the sayde Fléete do vigilently and carefully kéepe company with the Admirall and by no maner of meanes breake companye willingly now in our returne homewards vppon peyne of forfeture his or their whole frayte that shall be found culpable therein and further to receyue suche punishment as to hir Maiestie shal séeme good therein and also to answere all suche damages or losses as may happen or growe by dispersing and breaking from the Fléete And therefore for the better kéeping of companye the Generall straytely chargeth and commaundeth all the Maysters of these Shippes and euery of them that they repayre to speake with the Admirall once euery day if he or they may conuenientlye doe it vppon payne of forfeting of one tunne fraighte to hir Maiestie for euery daye neglecting the same 2 Item that euery Mayster in the sayde Fléete obserue and kéepe orderly and vigilantly all such Articles as were outwardes bounde drawen and published by the Generall in hyr Maiesties name whereof there was delyuered to euery Shippe a copie 3 Item that all Captaynes and Maysters of euerye Ship and Shippes doe proclayme and make it knowen to their company that no person or persons within the sayde Fléete of what condition soeuer doe take or kéepe to theyr vse or vses any Ore or stones of what quantitie so euer it be but forthwith vpon publication hereof to delyuer them and yéelde them to the custodie of the Captayne to deliuer vnto the Generall his officers
places where she stingeth They haue snowe and hayle in the beste time of their Sommer and the ground frosen thrée fadome déepe These people are greate inchaunters and vse manye charmes of Witchcraft for when their heads do ake they tye a great stone with a string vnto a sticke and with certaine prayers wordes done to the sticke they litte vp the stone froÌ„ ground which sometimes wyth all a mans force they cannot stir sometime againe they lifte as easily as a feather and hope thereby with certaine ceremonious words to haue ease and helpe And they made vs by signes to vnderstand lying groueling with their faces vppon the grounde and making a noise downewarde that they worshippe the Diuell vnder them They haue great store of Déere Beares Hares Foxes and innumerable numbers of sundry sortes of wilde Foule as Seamews Gulles Wilmotes Duckes c. wherof our men killed in one day fiftéene hundred They haue also store of Hawkes as Falcons Tassels c. whereof two alighted vpon one of our Shippes at theyr returne were brought into England which some thinke wil proue very good They haue also great heards of Dogs which they vse for theyr ready prouision to eate There are also greate store of Rauens Larkes and Partridges whereof the Countrey people féede All these Fowles are farre thicker clothed with downe and feathers and haue thicker skinnes than anye in England haue for as that Countrey is colder so nature hathe prouided a remedie therevnto Our men haue eaten of their Beares Hares Partriches Larkes and of their wilde Fowle and find them reasonable good meate but not so delectable as oures Their wilde Fowle must be all fleyne their skinnes are so thicke and they tast best fryed in pannes The Countrie séemeth to be muche subiecte to Earthquakes The ayre is very subtile piercing and searching so that if any corrupted or infected body especially with the disease called Morbus Gallicus come there it will presentlye breake forth and shewe it selfe and cannot there by anye kinde of salue or medicine be cured Their longest Sommers day is of greate length without any darke night so that in Iuly all the night long we might perfitely and easilie wright reade whatsoeuer had pleased vs which lightsome nightes were very beneficiall vnto vs being so distressed with abundance of Ise as wee were The Sunne setteth to them in the Euening at a quarter of an houre after tenne of the clocke and riseth agayne in the morning at thrée quarters of an houre after one of the clocke so that in Sommer theyr Sunne shineth to them twentie houres and a halfe and in the nighte is absent but thrée houres a halfe And although the Sunne be absent these 3 ½ houres yet is it not darke that time for that the Sunne is neuer aboue thrée or foure degrées vnder the edge of their Horizon the cause is that the Tropicke Cancer doth cutte their Horizon at very vneauen and oblique Angles But the Moone at any time of the yeare béeing in Cancer hauing North Latitude doth make a full reuolution aboue their Horizon so that sometimes they sée the Moone aboue .24 houres togither Some of oure companie of the more ignorant sort thought we mighte continually haue séene the Sunne and the Moone had it not bin for two or thrée high Mountaynes The people are nowe become so warye and so circumspecte by reason of their former losses that by no means we can apprehend any of them althoughe we attempted often in the laste voyage But to saye truth we could not bestowe any great time in pursuing them bycause of oure greate businesse in lading and other things To conclude I finde in all the Countrie nothing that maye be to delite in either of pleasure or of accompte only the shewe of Mine bothe of golde siluer stéele yron and blacke lead with diuers preaty stones as blewe Saphyre very perfect and others whereof we founde great plentie maye giue encouragement for men to séeke thyther And there is no doubt but being well looked vnto and thorowly discouered it wyll make our Countrie both rich and happye and of these prosperous beginnings will growe hereafter I hope moste happye endings Whiche GOD of hys goodnesse graunte to whom be all Prayse and Glorie Amen Cicero Oâ—fiâ—â— Lib. 1. Astronomie This is the flourishing age Abundance of all things To what end Man is created Printing of Bookes The arte of Warre Nauigation The Stone called Magnes Two and thirtâ— poynts of the compasse The variation of the Needle Newe discoueries The Wâ—east 〈◊〉 of â—â—e 〈…〉 The Eâ—st â—nd oâ—â—â—e old Worlâ—â— The ende of the old â—orld Southward The end of the olde â—orld Northward The greate discoueries of late yeres The Earthe deâ—ided into syxe partes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Asâ—â— Terra Sâ—pâ—â—ntrionaâ—â—s Aâ—â—riâ—a 〈…〉 In Iune is greater heat at Paris than vnder the Equinoctial The Twylights are shorter and the nights darker vnder the Equinoctâ—alâ— al than at Paris They vse and haue neede of fire vnder the Equinoctiall The complexion of the people of Meta Incognica The cause of the EthiopiaÌ„s blackenesse The Arke of Noe. Chus y sonne of Cham accursed Aâ—frica was called Chamesis Under the Equinoctiall is greatest generation Greatest heare vnder the Tropiks Cuba Hispaniola Under the Tropickes is a modeâ—nte temperature Nine Climates A comparison betweene Marochus and England Al the North regions are habitable Elephant Orange tree â—â—uses 〈◊〉 Hote nightes neere◠〈◊〉 Colde nights vnder the Equinoctiall One day of sixe moneths The Sunne neuer letteth in a 18â— daâ—es Horizon and Equinoctial al on vnder the Pole. London CoÌ„moâ—ioâ—s dâ—elliâ—â— vnder y Poles The nightes vnder the Pole The twylights gyue light vnder the Pole almoste al the Winter The ending of twylight But sixe weekes dark vnder the Pole. The Creatures of that Countrie are are prouided for the colde An obiection of Meta Incognita Meta Incognita inhabited Captayne Frobiâ—her Frobishers first voyage Captayne Frobisher pretended this discouerie aboue .xv. yeares agoe Furniture for the firste voyage Gabriell and Michaell The Pinnesse lost The Michaell returned home Queene Elizabeths forlande Frobishers first entrance â—ithin in the sâ—reightes Frobishâ—rs sâ—reytes Deere The first sight of the Saluage Salmon Fiue Englishmen intercepted and raken Taâ—â—ng of y â— â—irsâ— Saâ—age Frobishers returne The taking possession of Meta Incognita â— â—ow the Ore was â—ounde â—â— câ—aunce Many aduentures In the secoÌ„d voyage commission was giuen only for the bringing of Ore. The number of men in this voyage The coÌ„demned men discharged The first ariuall after our departing from Englande â—â—â—ne of Siluer â—ound in Oâ—â—ney Kyrway the chiefe towne of Orkney Saint Magnus sound why so called Great bodies of trees dryuing in the Seas Monsâ—rous fisâ— strange Fowle â—yuiug only by the Sea. Water beeyng blacke and smooth signifyeth laÌ„d to be neere Ilandes of Ise. The fâ—rste fyght of Freeselande Freeseland desâ—ribâ—d On easie kind of Fishing Whyte Corrall
gotte by sounding Monstrous Isles of Ise in â—ast freshe wherehence they are supposed to come The opinion of the frosen Seas is destroyed by experience Fâ—obishers streighâ—es The Steerage of the Michaâ—ll broken by Tempest The first entrance of the straightes Halles IlaÌ„d The description of the streyghtes No more gold ore fouÌ„d in the fyrste Ilande Eâ—ges and Fowles of Meta Incognita Snares sette to catche birds withal The building of a Columne called Mount warwicke The firste sight of the countrie people wafting with a Flag â—he meting apart of two Englishmen with two of that Countr The order of theiâ— trâ—fâ—icke Another meeâ—ing of two of our men with two of theâ—â— The Englishemen chesed to their boates One of that Countâ—uâ—en taken The Aâ—de set on fire The great daunger of those rockes Ise. Night without darknes in that countrey Our first commyng on the Southerland of the sayde straâ—ghtes A Myne of Blacklead Iackmans sounde â—mâ—thâ— Iland The fyndyng of an Unicornes horne Thirtie leagues discouered within the straytes A good president of a good Captaine shewed bâ— Captayne Fâ—obiâ—her The maner 〈…〉 houâ—â—â— in 〈◊〉 Coâ—nâ—rey Whâ—lâ—s bones â—sed in 〈◊〉 of timber 〈…〉 people A signe seâ— vp by the sauage Capâ—iâ—e and the meaning thereof The sauage captiue amazed of his Countrey-mans picture Yâ—â—â—â—â— souÌ„de The apparell â—ound againe of oâ—â—e Enâ—lisâ—mâ—n whâ—â—che the â—eare before were taken captiue A good deâ—icâ— of caâ—tâ—ine Yorke A good deâ—â—â—â— of Capâ—â—â—â—â— Yorkâ— Tâ—â— Sauages haue Boâ—â—es of â—undry bigâ—â—â—â—â— The English men pâ—rsue â—hose people of that countrey The swift roâ—ing of those people The bloudy poynt A bote skirmish betwene the Englishe and them of that countrey The desperat nature of those people The taking of the woman and hir child A prettie kind of Surgerie â—â—yche nature teacheth The narrowest place of the â—â—raigâ—ts is .9 leagues ouer The Queneâ— Cape The manner of the meeting o◠〈◊〉 Captiues and their entertaynement The shame fastnesse and chastitie of those sauage Captiues Another appearance of that Countrey people These people know the vse of writing â— Letter sent vnto â—he fyue English Capâ—tiues The cause why Fâ—obisheâ— entred no further within the straights this yeare Bestes Bulwarke Their King called Catchoe How he is honoured A bladder changed for a â—oâ—ing glasse No newes of the Englishe Capâ—iues To what end the blather was deliuered Those people daunsing vpon the hill toppesâ— A skirmishe shewed to thâ—se people Their Flags made of bâ—atheâ—s Great offers Snow haâ—fâ— a foote deepe in â—ugust The Mayster of the Gabriell stricken ouerboorde The Rudder of the Ayâ—e torne in twaine How the Latitudes were alwayes takeÌ„ in this voyage rather wyth the Staffe than astrolobe The arriuall of the Ayde at Padstow in Cornewall Our comming to Milford Hauen The arriuall of the Gabriell at Bristow The Michael arriued in the North parts Only one man dyed in this voyage 〈◊〉 coÌ„mâ—nded of hir Maiâ—sâ—ie The Gentlemen câ—meÌ„ded Commissioners appointed â—o 〈◊〉 the goodnesse of â—he Ore. A name giueÌ„ to the place newe discouerâ—d The hope of the pasâ—age to Cataya 〈…〉 A hundreth men appointed to inhabâ—tn there Fifteene Sayleâ— A cheyne of gold â—iuen to â—robisheâ— A charitable deede Markâ— thys Currant Weast Englande Charing Crosse. A Whale moâ—e a ship Frobishers straites choaked vp wyth Ise. Salte water cannot freese Barâ— Denâ—is sunke Part of the house lost Another assaultâ— Fogge snow and miâ—â—es hinder the Marriners markes A Currantâ— Iames Beare a good Mariner Christopher Hall chiefe Pylot Hard shiftes to saue mens liues Mistaken straytes Prâ—bisher could â—aue passed to Cataya Faire open way Reasons to prooue a passage heere Great indraftes Currant Nine houres 〈◊〉 to 〈◊〉 hoâ—res ebâ—eâ— The sea moueth from East to Oest continuallye Authoritie Harde but yet possible turning back againe Trafficke Returne out of tâ—â— mistaken sâ—raites Great daungers Anne Fâ—aunâ—â—eâ— met â—ith some of â—he â—â—eeâ—eâ— Fraunces of Foy. Briâ—gewater Shippe Straightes fâ—osen ouer A valiaunt mynde of Fâ—obâ—sher Snowe in Iâ—ly Eâ—â—reame 〈◊〉 Gâ—â—at heate in 〈…〉 Unconstant weather The Generall recouereth his port Mayster Wolfall Preacher The aduentures of captayne Fenton and his company Extremitie causeth men to deuise new arâ—â—s and remedies Hard shiftes Strange wonders 〈…〉 The Moonâ— The Anne Fâ—ances the Tâ—omas of Ipswich and the Moone consult Caâ—â—aâ—ne 〈◊〉 resolâ—â—iâ—n Bestes blessing Anne Frances in daunger The Moone in harborough Hattons Hedlande A Pinnesse there builte Gabriels IlaÌ„dâ— Proximus â—â—m â—gomeâ— mihi Captaine York arriueâ— None of the people wil be â—aken â— house builded and lefâ—e there Consultation for a further discouerie Returne homeward 〈…〉 discoueâ—ed A 〈…〉 Mâ—tâ— Inâ—ognita Their Kettls and Pannes Frost and Snow Inchanters Store of wild Fowle The qualitie of theyr The length of their dayâ—â— AT LONDON Printed by Henry Bynnyman Anno Domini 1578. Decembris 10.