that_o rarity_n and_o density_n be_v real_o natural_a affection_n or_o quality_n of_o physical_a body_n and_o that_o rarefaction_n be_v a_o real_a expansion_n of_o the_o very_a entire_a mole_n of_o the_o body_n true_o rarefy_v and_o condensation_n be_v a_o real_a contraction_n of_o the_o whole_a dimension_n of_o the_o body_n condense_v namely_o where_o it_o be_v true_o and_o formal_o a_o true_a rarefaction_n or_o condensation_n as_o the_o question_n be_v above_o state_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o four_o chapter_n and_o this_o i_o call_v the_o aristotelian_a solution_n and_o seem_v to_o i_o the_o true_a in_o the_o manner_n hereafter_o dedescribe_v first_o therefore_o touch_v the_o first_o of_o these_o solution_n by_o interspersed_a vacuity_n this_o though_o it_o do_v in_o truth_n take_v away_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n as_o it_o be_v before_o state_v for_o still_o the_o same_o body_n hold_v but_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o space_n though_o in_o 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more_o or_o great_a interspersion_n of_o such_o vacuity_n than_o such_o as_o be_v more_o dense_n or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o the_o same_o mole_n of_o body_n that_o be_v more_o dense_a must_v needs_o have_v more_o of_o matter_n or_o body_n in_o it_o than_o that_o which_o be_v more_o rare_a or_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v equal_o consequential_a that_o where_o the_o body_n be_v more_o weighty_a the_o same_o external_a mole_n of_o the_o more_o weighty_a body_n must_v needs_o have_v more_o of_o body_n and_o less_o of_o interspersed_a vacuity_n than_o that_o which_o be_v more_o light_a where_o the_o external_a mole_n of_o either_o be_v equal_a and_o therefore_o a_o cubique_a foot_n of_o gold_n must_v have_v more_o of_o body_n and_o less_o of_o interspersed_a vacuity_n than_o the_o like_a cubique_a foot_n of_o silver_n and_o that_o than_o the_o like_a cubique_a foot_n of_o water_n and_o that_o than_o the_o like_a cubique_a foot_n of_o air._n the_o lord_n verulam_n in_o his_o historia_fw-la 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motion_n which_o we_o see_v especial_o in_o meteor_n but_o as_o this_o be_v prodigious_o incredible_a so_o it_o be_v apparent_o untrue_a for_o take_v a_o tube_n full_a of_o air_n and_o stop_v it_o at_o one_o end_n immerse_v the_o open_a end_n into_o water_n and_o press_v it_o down_o as_o low_a as_o may_v be_v yet_o not_o one_o half_a of_o the_o tube_n will_v be_v fill_v with_o water_n nay_o take_v a_o aeolipile_n of_o brass_n with_o a_o syringe_n to_o drive_v in_o the_o water_n it_o will_v with_o great_a difficulty_n receive_v into_o it_o ¾_n part_n of_o water_n and_o thereby_o the_o air_n contract_v into_o a_o quarter_n of_o its_o former_a room_n and_o with_o great_a pain_n and_o force_n it_o may_v be_v into_o a_o much_o less_o room_n but_o never_o any_o pretend_v it_o can_v be_v compress_v into_o the_o 899_o the_o part_n of_o its_o former_a room_n and_o yet_o thus_o it_o may_v be_v and_o with_o great_a ease_n because_o here_o be_v 899_o empty_a space_n which_o may_v receive_v the_o 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part_n thereof_o for_o its_o reception_n and_o more_o vacuity_n can_v contribute_v nothing_o either_o to_o resist_v compression_n or_o to_o cause_v a_o sensible_a force_n of_o restitution_n because_o nothing_o can_v have_v no_o activity_n or_o motion_n 3._o again_o if_o air_n or_o water_n be_v strong_o rarefy_v by_o heat_n we_o see_v it_o take_v up_o a_o large_a extension_n than_o before_o it_o have_v and_o that_o with_o such_o a_o energy_n and_o force_n that_o it_o will_v break_v a_o strong_a vessel_n enclose_v it_o which_o it_o can_v never_o do_v be_v there_o any_o considerable_a interspersion_n of_o vacuity_n because_o the_o body_n of_o the_o air_n will_v with_o much_o more_o ease_n break_v into_o those_o vacua_fw-la interstitia_fw-la which_o have_v no_o resistance_n against_o it_o than_o it_o will_v or_o can_v force_v its_o room_n upon_o
the_o ambient_fw-la vessel_n that_o contain_v it_o and_o resist_v its_o dilatation_n with_o all_o the_o strength_n it_o have_v and_o this_o very_a reason_n do_v as_o effectual_o conclude_v against_o the_o second_o solution_n of_o rarefaction_n by_o the_o admission_n of_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la into_o the_o suppose_a interstitia_fw-la if_o due_o consider_v chap._n vii_o concern_v the_o second_o solution_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n and_o its_o insufficiency_n i_o come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v the_o second_o solution_n above_o offer_v which_o suppose_v these_o thing_n 1._o that_o there_o be_v no_o empty_a space_n or_o interspersed_a vacuity_n in_o the_o air_n or_o any_o part_n of_o the_o universe_n with_o which_o i_o agree_v 2._o that_o the_o principle_n of_o compound_a body_n be_v certain_a minute_n atomical_a corpuscle_n physical_o indivisible_a and_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o these_o very_a minute_n body_n be_v some_o grosser_n like_o little_a 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its_o particle_n take_v up_o real_o as_o much_o room_n or_o space_n as_o before_o though_o the_o figure_n and_o position_n and_o ubication_n of_o that_o space_n that_o it_o take_v up_o now_o be_v only_o alter_v by_o its_o secession_n into_o the_o space_n wherein_o the_o subtilissima_fw-la materia_fw-la now_o fly_v away_o do_v former_o reside_v this_o solution_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n i_o think_v be_v neither_o true_a nor_o do_v it_o in_o any_o measure_n answer_v the_o phaenomena_n in_o rarefaction_n or_o condensation_n first_o therefore_o i_o think_v the_o very_a supposition_n itself_o of_o these_o solute_a atom_n be_v but_o imaginary_a and_o the_o creature_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v may_v deserve_v the_o title_n of_o idolum_fw-la epicureum_fw-la or_o cartesianum_n never_o intend_v by_o the_o latter_a as_o any_o real_a truth_n but_o only_o as_o a_o supposition_n engine_n or_o medium_fw-la to_o explicate_v the_o phaenomena_n of_o nature_n 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nerve_n of_o animal_n the_o wood_n of_o tree_n the_o bark_n of_o tree_n and_o plant_n as_o withy_n flax_n nettle_n nay_o the_o very_a spider_n web_n have_v beside_o its_o continuity_n a_o certain_a tenaciousness_n so_o have_v water_n itself_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o traction_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n of_o a_o siphon_n this_o tenaciousness_n glutinousness_n and_o strong_a cohesion_n of_o part_n of_o body_n one_o to_o another_o can_v never_o be_v by_o the_o apposition_n of_o solute_a particle_n one_o to_o another_o though_o never_o so_o small_a but_o from_o a_o kind_n of_o intrinsic_a contexture_n of_o the_o body_n themselves_o 2._o upon_o this_o supposition_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o all_o body_n shall_v be_v equal_o hard_a and_o equal_o weighty_a and_o equal_o dense_a those_o atom_n even_o those_o that_o be_v the_o most_o minute_n that_o be_v the_o constituent_n of_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilissima_fw-la be_v yet_o suppose_v to_o be_v body_n and_o essential_o 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one_o another_o in_o all_o part_n of_o their_o superficies_n a_o spherical_a body_n can_v be_v in_o all_o its_o superficies_n contiguous_a to_o another_o spherical_a or_o cubical_a body_n and_o consequent_o there_o must_v be_v some_o real_a though_o small_a interval_n between_o these_o minute_n particle_n and_o then_o the_o cartesian_o to_o make_v good_a their_o supposition_n must_v have_v yet_o another_o matter_n more_o subtle_a than_o that_o which_o they_o yet_o call_v subtilissima_fw-la to_o fill_v those_o chink_n et_fw-la quis_fw-la custodiet_fw-la ipsos_fw-la custodes_fw-la and_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o say_v these_o fissure_v between_o the_o minute_a particle_n be_v inconsiderable_a for_o if_o they_o be_v at_o all_o it_o spoil_v the_o supposition_n but_o beside_o that_o certain_o he_o that_o hold_v this_o supposition_n must_v yet_o admit_v that_o in_o the_o cubique_a foot_n of_o air_n the_o interstitia_fw-la must_v needs_o be_v great_a than_o in_o water_n or_o mercury_n of_o the_o like_a mole_n for_o certain_o otherwise_o the_o weight_n of_o mercury_n water_n and_o
be_v force_v down_o into_o the_o water_n be_v drive_v up_o with_o such_o a_o force_n as_o the_o water_n have_v a_o equal_a mole_n to_o that_o immersed_a body_n be_v heavy_a than_o that_o body_n and_o this_o drive_v upward_o of_o the_o light_a body_n be_v by_o that_o circumpulsion_n of_o a_o heavy_a fluid_a body_n upon_o another_o body_n light_a than_o itself_o which_o will_v if_o it_o can_v take_v up_o the_o place_n that_o the_o light_a body_n have_v invade_v within_o its_o dimension_n and_o the_o limit_n of_o its_o province_n and_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o balance_n or_o libra_n artificialis_fw-la in_o the_o air_n wherein_o a_o heavy_a weight_n in_o one_o scale_n lift_v up_o a_o light_a weight_n in_o the_o other_o scale_n be_v in_o effect_n the_o same_o with_o this_o natural_a libration_n between_o the_o heavy_a body_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o light_a body_n of_o the_o wood_n only_o here_o it_o seem_v like_o a_o balance_n invert_v wherein_o the_o counterpoise_n of_o the_o mole_n of_o water_n be_v great_a and_o more_o than_o the_o like_a mole_n of_o a_o light_a solid_a body_n must_v needs_o overweigh_v it_o and_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a get_v below_o and_o under_o it_o as_o in_o this_o scheme_n suppose_v a_o be_v a_o cube_n of_o wood_n of_o 6_o inch_n square_a immerse_v towards_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cubical_a vessel_n of_o water_n c_o d_o and_o light_a than_o the_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n this_o cube_n take_v up_o the_o room_n of_o 234_o square_a inch_n which_o be_v not_o the_o cube_n there_o will_v be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n take_v up_o by_o the_o water_n the_o cube_n of_o wood_n be_v environ_v with_o a_o quantity_n of_o water_n equal_a in_o mole_n to_o this_o cube_n of_o wood_n but_o exceed_v it_o considerable_o in_o weight_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n must_v necessary_o preponderate_v the_o cube_n of_o wood_n and_o consequent_o must_v thrust_v it_o upward_o that_o it_o may_v possess_v the_o place_n the_o cube_n of_o wood_n have_v invade_v and_o so_o in_o this_o libra_n naturalis_fw-la the_o heavy_a mole_n of_o water_n must_v necessary_o drive_v up_o the_o light_a mole_n of_o wood_n as_o in_o the_o artificial_a scale_n the_o heavy_a scale_n raise_v the_o light_a and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o without_o the_o aid_n of_o a_o hylarchical_a principle_n the_o water_n bear_v and_o carry_v up_o the_o rundle_n of_o light_a wood_n in_o the_o instance_n so_o often_o magnify_v by_o the_o remarker_n for_o unless_o the_o rundle_n be_v so_o close_o fasten_v to_o the_o base_a either_o by_o some_o glutinous_a matter_n or_o by_o its_o strict_a joint_v and_o adhesion_n to_o the_o side_n or_o base_a of_o the_o vessel_n as_o will_v be_v too_o strong_a for_o the_o water_n to_o displace_v it_o it_o be_v hardly_o possible_a by_o any_o art_n whatsoever_o to_o make_v the_o rundle_n so_o close_o to_o the_o base_a of_o the_o vessel_n but_o the_o subtle_a particle_n of_o water_n will_v creep_v between_o the_o rundle_n and_o the_o base_a and_o throw_v it_o up_o in_o spite_n of_o the_o imaginary_a column_n of_o water_n commensurate_a to_o the_o rundle_n that_o be_v suppose_v to_o keep_v it_o down_o and_o herein_o as_o i_o before_o observe_v the_o water_n have_v accidental_o and_o upon_o this_o occasion_n a_o motion_n upward_o which_o yet_o be_v but_o the_o consequent_a of_o its_o motion_n downward_o below_o the_o rundle_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o account_v it_o be_v if_o you_o take_v a_o hollow_a cane_n suppose_v one_o inch_n diameter_n 12_o inch_n long_o let_v the_o base_a thereof_o be_v fill_v with_o a_o quantity_n of_o lead_n for_o about_o a_o inch_n then_o let_v there_o be_v pour_v in_o 6_o inch_n of_o water_n and_o then_o there_o will_v remain_v 5_o inch_n of_o air_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o cane_n although_o the_o lead_v be_v heavy_a than_o so_o much_o water_n and_o the_o water_n in_o the_o cane_n equal_a in_o specifical_a weight_n to_o so_o much_o water_n yet_o as_o long_o as_o the_o whole_a weight_n of_o the_o cane_n thus_o compound_v do_v not_o equal_a the_o weight_n of_o a_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n this_o cane_n immerse_v into_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n 12_o inch_n deep_a will_v not_o subside_o or_o rest_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n but_o will_v be_v drive_v up_o to_o that_o height_n in_o the_o water_n that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o cane_n subside_v in_o the_o water_n will_v countervail_v a_o mole_n of_o water_n equal_a to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a cane_n and_o there_o it_o will_v swim_v erect_v experience_n and_o the_o very_a reason_n of_o the_o thing_n make_v the_o truth_n hereof_o apparent_a stevin_n that_o next_o to_o archimedes_n have_v write_v best_a of_o hydrostatiques_n in_o his_o 5_o the_o book_n prop._n 2._o suppose_v nevertheless_o that_o if_o this_o rundle_n cover_v a_o hole_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n it_o will_v not_o rise_v but_o will_v be_v keep_v down_o by_o the_o impend_a column_n of_o water_n commensurate_n to_o the_o base_a of_o the_o rundle_n albert_n girard_n the_o commentator_n deny_v this_o unless_o the_o rundle_n be_v of_o equal_a or_o great_a weight_n than_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o water_n but_o the_o truth_n lie_v between_o they_o both_o for_o the_o rundle_n light_a than_o the_o water_n will_v be_v undermine_v in_o the_o rim_n and_o edge_n and_o so_o the_o water_n will_v get_v out_o do_v what_o the_o artist_n can_v if_o the_o rundle_n be_v light_a than_o the_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n but_o then_o when_o the_o water_n have_v thus_o get_v a_o passage_n to_o pass_v through_o the_o orifice_n into_o the_o free_a air_n upon_o which_o it_o have_v be_v show_v the_o mole_n of_o water_n commensurate_n to_o the_o passage_n it_o have_v now_o press_v with_o its_o full_a swing_n and_o if_o it_o meet_v with_o the_o rundle_n in_o the_o way_n of_o its_o motion_n so_o long_o as_o it_o stand_v in_o its_o way_n it_o will_v gravitate_fw-la upon_o it_o till_o the_o water_n have_v whole_o discharge_v itself_o through_o the_o orifice_n and_o therefore_o the_o reason_n be_v obvious_a why_o there_o be_v some_o impediment_n in_o the_o ascent_n of_o the_o rundle_n when_o it_o be_v thus_o place_v upon_o a_o orifice_n without_o call_v in_o any_o other_o principle_n than_o the_o natural_a pressure_n of_o the_o water_n upon_o that_o orifice_n now_o give_v it_o a_o access_n to_o a_o element_n that_o it_o can_v press_v upon_o viz._n the_o air_n below_o the_o orifice_n just_o as_o we_o see_v in_o our_o kettle_n and_o brew_v furnace_n when_o they_o have_v a_o small_a leak_n the_o servant_n throw_v in_o a_o handful_n of_o bran_n which_o though_o perchance_o it_o will_v not_o so_o ready_o sink_v much_o less_o sink_v to_o the_o leak_n yet_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n to_o the_o leak_n will_v carry_v those_o light_n and_o small_a particle_n thither_o which_o be_v crowd_v in_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o that_o column_n of_o water_n that_o be_v commensurate_a to_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o leak_n stop_v it_o and_o the_o like_a be_v do_v upon_o a_o leak_n in_o a_o ship_n where_o a_o light_a fardel_n throw_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n will_v be_v carry_v down_o to_o the_o leak_n and_o crowd_v into_o it_o by_o the_o water_n &_o sometime_o stop_v the_o leak_n and_o therefore_o touch_v the_o gravitation_n of_o the_o column_n of_o water_n upon_o the_o rundle_n of_o light_a wood_n where_o there_o be_v a_o hole_n under_o it_o in_o the_o base_a which_o i_o add_v as_o a_o exception_n pag._n 57_o and_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o stevin_n tell_v we_o in_o the_o 5_o the_o book_n of_o his_o practical_a hydrostatiques_n both_o he_o and_o i_o must_v be_v understand_v where_o any_o little_a water_n pass_v under_o the_o rundle_n to_o the_o hole_n and_o therefore_o to_o clear_v that_o experiment_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o i_o make_v exact_a trial_n concern_v it_o as_o follow_v then_o oil_v the_o base_a and_o rundle_n as_o before_o and_o unite_n they_o i_o fill_v the_o bucket_n with_o water_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o glutinous_a oil_n do_v not_o pass_v nor_o sever_v the_o rundle_n from_o the_o base_a then_o fix_v the_o rundle_n as_o before_o to_o a_o scale_n i_o try_v what_o weight_n be_v sufficient_a to_o sever_v the_o rundle_n from_o the_o base_a be_v under_o the_o suppose_a pressure_n of_o that_o imaginary_a colum_n of_o water_n of_o 5_o inch_n deep_a and_o i_o find_v that_o very_a near_o the_o same_o weight_n will_v sever_v it_o from_o the_o base_a under_o water_n as_o do_v sever_v it_o when_o it_o lay_v dry_a and_o though_o in_o several_a trial_n there_o be_v some_o little_a disparity_n which_o may_v arise_v from_o the_o unequal_a
to_o take_v something_o more_o than_o half_a of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n namely_o such_o a_o quantity_n thereof_o as_o be_v commensurate_a to_o a_o quantity_n of_o water_n equal_a in_o weight_n to_o the_o whole_a weight_n of_o the_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n the_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n will_v not_o swim_v but_o will_v stand_v upon_o its_o base_a at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o a_o ship_n or_o vessel_n that_o draw_v for_o the_o purpose_n 4_o fathom_n of_o water_n will_v swim_v in_o a_o narrow_a cut_n or_o channel_n that_o have_v 5_o or_o 6_o fathom_n of_o water_n though_o the_o channel_n be_v less_o than_o 20_o fathom_n over_o in_o breadth_n and_o if_o the_o channel_n be_v 20_o mile_n over_o and_o of_o a_o less_o depth_n than_o the_o ship_n draught_n of_o water_n viz._n 4_o fathom_n the_o ship_n will_v be_v on_o ground_n and_o will_v not_o swim_v and_o yet_o the_o weight_n and_o quantity_n of_o whole_a water_n in_o the_o broad_a channel_n be_v many_o thousand_o time_n more_o than_o that_o in_o the_o narrow_a channel_n and_o the_o like_a instance_n may_v be_v give_v in_o float_v of_o timber_n in_o a_o deep_a and_o narrow_a channel_n and_o a_o broad_a and_o shallow_a channel_n for_o the_o pressure_n of_o water_n be_v more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o height_n or_o depth_n of_o water_n and_o not_o according_a to_o its_o amplitude_n or_o breadth_n though_o the_o water_n with_o ample_a superficies_n be_v a_o thousand_o time_n more_o in_o weight_n and_o bulk_n than_o the_o deep_a water_n now_o to_o the_o bucket_n instance_a in_o the_o remark_n if_o there_o be_v a_o bucket_n of_o 20_o inch_n diameter_n and_o another_o of_o equal_a height_n but_o of_o 6_o inch_n diameter_n fill_v the_o lesser_a bucket_n with_o water_n and_o place_n it_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o great_a bucket_n and_o then_o fill_v the_o circumjacent_a side_n of_o the_o great_a bucket_n with_o water_n though_o the_o great_a bucket_n hold_v 5_o time_n the_o water_n of_o the_o lesser_a bucket_n yet_o allow_v as_o i_o must_v the_o wood_n of_o the_o lesser_a bucket_n to_o be_v but_o of_o the_o same_o weight_n with_o the_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n the_o lesser_a bucket_n will_v still_o remain_v contiguous_a to_o the_o bottom_n and_o will_v not_o rise_v one_o inch_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o water_n without_o and_o the_o water_n within_o the_o bucket_n though_o of_o a_o different_a mole_n yet_o have_v the_o same_o specifical_a weight_n and_o as_o to_o this_o purpose_n as_o if_o it_o be_v so_o much_o unvessele_v water_n i_o say_v as_o to_o this_o purpose_n for_o as_o to_o the_o other_o purpose_n there_o will_v be_v a_o difference_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o but_o if_o the_o lesser_a bucket_n be_v total_o empty_a or_o only_o fill_v part_n with_o water_n suppose_v half_a way_n than_o the_o water_n in_o the_o great_a bucket_n will_v drive_v up_o the_o lesser_a but_o not_o till_o only_o so_o much_o be_v immerse_v as_o countervail_v its_o defect_n of_o weight_n according_a to_o the_o 4_o the_o 5_o the_o and_o 6_o the_o proposition_n of_o archimedes_n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la but_o now_o to_o come_v to_o the_o experiment_n of_o the_o lesser_a bucket_n or_o cylindraceous_a vessel_n perforate_v in_o the_o bottom_n and_o then_o water_v pour_v into_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a for_o it_o come_v all_o to_o one_o account_n will_v the_o lesser_a bucket_n emerge_n unless_o hold_v down_o by_o the_o hand_n by_o no_o mean_n in_o the_o world_n for_o the_o water_n will_v present_o pass_v through_o the_o perforation_n from_o one_o bucket_n to_o the_o other_o till_o they_o come_v to_o one_o common_a superficial_a height_n and_o still_o the_o lesser_a bucket_n will_v rest_v upon_o the_o base_a of_o the_o great_a because_o they_o have_v a_o equipondium_fw-la suppose_v as_o we_o must_v that_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o lesser_a bucket_n be_v of_o equal_a specifical_a weight_n to_o the_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n indeed_o it_o be_v true_a that_o if_o the_o hole_n be_v small_a so_o that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o mora_n before_o the_o water_n can_v be_v convey_v from_o one_o vessel_n to_o another_o then_o if_o the_o water_n be_v plentiful_o pour_v into_o the_o side_n of_o the_o great_a bucket_n the_o lesser_a will_v rise_v till_o it_o have_v receive_v so_o much_o water_n as_o equal_v the_o superficies_n of_o both_o and_o then_o the_o lesser_a bucket_n will_v subside_o contiguous_a to_o the_o base_a for_o the_o water_n in_o both_o bucket_n be_v of_o a_o equal_a height_n be_v in_o aequipendio_fw-la so_o that_o as_o the_o instance_n itself_o conduce_v little_a to_o the_o end_v propound_v be_v it_o true_a so_o i_o doubt_v it_o be_v mistake_v and_o upon_o trial_n will_v not_o be_v find_v true_a i_o do_v expect_v to_o have_v meet_v with_o a_o objection_n which_o may_v seem_v prima_fw-la fancy_n to_o impugn_v what_o i_o have_v former_o deliver_v yet_o upon_o a_o strict_a examination_n it_o will_v not_o have_v any_o efficacy_n take_v a_o cube_n or_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n of_o equal_a intrinsic_a weight_n with_o so_o much_o water_n suppose_v it_o a_o cube_n of_o six_o inch_n diameter_n and_o put_v it_o into_o a_o cylinder_n or_o cubique_fw-la vessel_n of_o water_n of_o eight_o inch_n deep_a and_o twelve_o inch_n diameter_n this_o cube_n or_o cylinder_n will_v rest_v two_o inch_n above_o the_o base_a of_o the_o vessel_n and_o will_v not_o gravitate_fw-la either_o upon_o the_o two_o inch_n of_o water_n in_o the_o base_a of_o the_o vessel_n nor_o upon_o any_o body_n that_o be_v but_o two_o inch_n thick_a and_o lay_v between_o the_o cube_n and_o the_o base_a of_o the_o vessel_n of_o water_n yet_o here_o can_v be_v no_o lateral_a pressure_n or_o per_fw-la declive_a in_o the_o cube_n itself_o be_v solid_a and_o have_v only_o a_o central_a gravitation_n so_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v the_o lateral_a pressure_n which_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o the_o essay_n apply_v to_o the_o water_n be_v no_o ingredient_n into_o its_o non-gravitation_a i_o answer_v that_o the_o fact_n be_v true_a but_o the_o illation_n thereupon_o be_v not_o consequential_a in_o my_o observation_n upon_o the_o 4_o the_o 5_o the_o and_o 7_o the_o remark_n i_o say_v the_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluids_n be_v in_o relation_n to_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o upper_a part_n upon_o the_o low_a which_o be_v per_fw-la declive_a premendo_fw-la and_o in_o relation_n of_o the_o low_a part_n to_o the_o upper_a sustinendo_fw-la now_o although_o in_o this_o instance_n the_o former_a have_v no_o part_n yet_o the_o latter_a have_v in_o this_o instance_n the_o cube_n or_o cylinder_n be_v sustain_v and_o bear_v up_o by_o the_o subjacent_a water_n which_o be_v as_o the_o pedestal_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v bottom_v and_o therefore_o neither_o do_v nor_o can_v press_v below_o the_o position_n it_o hold_v but_o suppose_v the_o body_n subjacent_a to_o it_o be_v 6_o inch_n deep_a than_o it_o will_v be_v under_o the_o pressure_n of_o that_o cylinder_n or_o cube_n of_o wood_n as_o much_o as_o the_o weight_n of_o 4_o inch_n of_o the_o cube_n amount_v to_o in_o the_o water_n and_o the_o body_n will_v be_v under_o a_o pressure_n commensurate_a at_o least_o to_o so_o much_o weight_n as_o the_o cube_n or_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o be_v thereby_o drive_v out_o of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n exceed_v in_o its_o extrinsic_a weight_n the_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n with_o so_o much_o of_o the_o cube_n as_o lie_v in_o the_o water_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n where_o there_o be_v nothing_o impend_v upon_o the_o subjacent_a body_n but_o the_o superior_a imaginary_a column_n of_o water_n the_o subject_v body_n be_v not_o compress_v at_o 9_o 6_o or_o 3_o inch_n immersion_n below_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n partly_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o mechanism_n i_o do_v not_o say_v masonry_n of_o the_o water_n though_o that_o expression_n be_v frequent_o but_o needless_o use_v by_o the_o remarker_n and_o partly_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o various_a termination_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o fluid_a body_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v altogether_o impertinent_a to_o subjoin_v the_o ensue_a experiment_n i_o take_v a_o cube_n of_o wood_n 4_o inch_n square_a and_o very_o near_o of_o a_o equal_a specific_a weight_n of_o the_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n for_o it_o do_v not_o rise_v half_o a_o inch_n above_o the_o water_n and_o be_v let_v down_o to_o subside_o free_o in_o a_o vessel_n brimful_a of_o water_n it_o throw_v over_o a_o portion_n of_o water_n very_o near_o of_o the_o same_o weight_n with_o itself_o viz._n 28_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a this_o cube_n be_v lay_v into_o a_o vessel_n of_o 8_o inch_n deep_a of_o
water_n therefore_o be_v raise_v at_o his_o base_a about_o 4_o inch_n above_o the_o water_n in_o the_o base_a of_o the_o vessel_n which_o water_n sustain_v it_o and_o now_o it_o have_v be_v unquestionable_a that_o if_o a_o body_n of_o less_o than_o 4_o inch_n thick_a have_v be_v subject_v under_o the_o cube_n it_o will_v have_v sustain_v no_o pressure_n from_o the_o water_n nor_o from_o the_o cube_n which_o be_v entire_o bear_v up_o to_o that_o height_n by_o the_o subjacent_a water_n but_o if_o the_o body_n subject_v to_o the_o cube_n have_v be_v 5_o 6_o or_o 7_o inch_n thick_a it_o will_v have_v be_v press_v upon_o by_o various_a proportion_n from_o the_o impend_a cube_n for_o fix_v a_o string_n and_o hook_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o cube_n it_o require_v near_o 12_o ounce_n in_o the_o opposite_a scale_n to_o raise_v the_o superficies_n 2_o inch_n above_o the_o water_n near_o 20_o ounce_n to_o raise_v it_o 3_o inch_n above_o the_o water_n and_o near_o 28_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a to_o raise_v the_o low_a superficies_n of_o the_o cube_n equal_a in_o height_n to_o the_o upper_a superficies_n of_o the_o water_n which_o answer_v the_o full_a weight_n of_o the_o cube_n of_o wood_n and_o therefore_o according_a to_o these_o proportion_n it_o will_v gravitate_fw-la upon_o a_o subjacent_a body_n that_o give_v it_o the_o like_a elevation_n but_o in_o water_n we_o see_v the_o pressure_n different_a from_o the_o pressure_n of_o such_o a_o wooden_a cube_n for_o in_o whatsoever_o depth_n the_o subject_v body_n be_v immerse_v whether_o deep_o or_o shallow_a it_o sustain_v no_o sensible_a difference_n of_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o column_n of_o water_n impend_v upon_o it_o nor_o indeed_o any_o sensible_a pressure_n at_o all_o though_o at_o five_o or_o ten_o fathom_n deep_a which_o as_o it_o give_v we_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o pressure_n of_o a_o solid_a and_o fluid_a body_n upon_o a_o body_n in_o water_n subject_v to_o it_o so_o it_o give_v we_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o viz._n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o solid_a body_n be_v impede_v only_o by_o the_o subject_v water_n bearing_z it_o up_o viz._n sustinendo_fw-la but_o there_o be_v two_o impediment_n that_o hinder_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o superior_a water_n upon_o the_o low_a water_n on_o the_o body_n under_o it_o viz._n the_o sustentation_n of_o the_o superior_a water_n by_o the_o inferior_a and_o likewise_o the_o lateral_a and_o declivous_a motion_n of_o the_o water_n refract_v its_o perpendicular_a pressure_n while_o it_o be_v solute_a water_n and_o now_o because_o that_o the_o various_a habitude_n of_o heavy_a or_o light_a body_n immerse_v in_o fluid_n heavy_a or_o light_a than_o themselves_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o pleasant_a and_o possible_o a_o useful_a speculation_n and_o yet_o be_v difficult_a to_o be_v distinct_o and_o explicit_o and_o clear_o declare_v and_o possible_o in_o what_o be_v before_o say_v in_o this_o observation_n the_o same_o be_v not_o so_o distinct_o deliver_v as_o may_v be_v wish_v i_o shall_v therefore_o desire_v the_o reader_n pardon_v if_o i_o resume_v and_o repeat_v much_o of_o what_o be_v before_o say_v and_o digest_v the_o whole_a in_o somewhat_o a_o clear_a method_n first_o i_o shall_v declare_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o term_n of_o intrinsic_a and_o extrinsic_a weight_n whether_o of_o fluid_n or_o solid_n and_o what_o i_o mean_v by_o those_o term_n and_o how_o one_o body_n be_v say_v to_o exceed_v another_o in_o intrinsic_a or_o extrinsic_a weight_n or_o both_o that_o body_n which_o have_v more_o of_o bodily_a mole_n or_o matter_n than_o another_o body_n of_o the_o same_o dimension_n be_v intrinsical_o heavy_a than_o that_o body_n which_o have_v the_o same_o dimension_n and_o yet_o have_v less_o corporeal_a matter_n or_o material_a substance_n in_o it_o and_o therefore_o be_v denser_n and_o crasser_n than_o the_o latter_a and_o the_o indication_n of_o that_o density_n and_o crassitude_n be_v by_o the_o over-weight_n it_o have_v over_o the_o other_o body_n as_o a_o cubique_fw-la inch_n of_o gold_n be_v heavy_a and_o therefore_o have_v more_o of_o material_a substance_n than_o a_o cubique_fw-la inch_n of_o brass_n or_o iron_n and_o a_o cubique_fw-la inch_n of_o mercury_n be_v heavy_a and_o therefore_o have_v more_o of_o material_a substance_n in_o it_o than_o a_o cubique_fw-la inch_n of_o water_n and_o therefore_o a_o heavy_a body_n immerse_v into_o a_o light_a fluid_n as_o a_o cubique_fw-la inch_n of_o gold_n brass_n iron_n etc._n etc._n into_o water_n though_o it_o take_v up_o but_o the_o room_n and_o dimension_n of_o a_o like_o cubique_fw-la inch_n of_o the_o water_n wherein_o it_o be_v immerse_v must_v needs_o sink_v into_o the_o water_n and_o drive_v up_o that_o cubique_fw-la inch_n of_o water_n in_o its_o motion_n of_o descent_n for_o it_o outweigh_v it_o and_o as_o in_o a_o artificial_a balance_n the_o scale_n that_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o great_a weight_n raise_v up_o the_o other_o that_o have_v the_o lesser_a so_o it_o be_v in_o this_o natural_a libration_n between_o the_o heavy_a body_n and_o the_o light_a fluid_n and_o that_o i_o may_v here_o say_v it_o once_o for_o all_o there_o be_v a_o most_o perfect_a analogy_n between_o the_o artificial_a balance_n and_o this_o natural_a balance_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o and_o in_o fluid_n and_o he_o that_o mean_v to_o have_v a_o true_a image_n of_o the_o latter_a must_v attain_v it_o best_o by_o comparison_n of_o it_o with_o the_o former_a a_o body_n that_o be_v specifical_o or_o intrinsical_o light_a than_o another_o yet_o by_o accession_n or_o accumulation_n or_o acquisition_n of_o more_o part_n of_o matter_n than_o another_o body_n intrinsical_o heavy_a have_v may_v thereby_o extrinsecal_o and_o in_o denomination_n and_o also_o in_o its_o effect_n of_o preponderation_n be_v heavy_a than_o that_o other_o as_o two_o pound_n of_o water_n be_v heavy_a extrinsecal_o and_o in_o preponderation_n than_o a_o pound_n of_o gold_n though_o intrinsical_o heavy_a and_o therefore_o if_o a_o cube_n or_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n be_v suppose_v intrinsical_o light_a than_o water_n yet_o if_o such_o a_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n weigh_v 4_o pound_n be_v immerse_v into_o a_o like_a cylindrous_a vessel_n of_o water_n which_o water_n have_v not_o 4_o pound_n of_o weight_n the_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n will_v sink_v and_o will_v not_o emerge_n because_o in_o extrinsic_a weight_n it_o exceed_v the_o extrinsic_a weight_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o vessel_n into_o which_o it_o be_v immerse_v but_o if_o the_o water_n be_v of_o the_o weight_n of_o four_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a and_o in_o a_o due_a position_n as_o shall_v be_v show_v the_o cylinder_n of_o wood_n will_v rise_v and_o swim_v in_o the_o water_n because_o now_o as_o well_o the_o extrinsic_a as_o the_o intrinsic_a weight_n of_o the_o wooden_a cylinder_n be_v over-weighed_n by_o the_o water_n if_o a_o body_n that_o be_v intrinsical_o heavy_a be_v immerse_v into_o a_o body_n intrinsical_o light_a as_o gold_n into_o water_n it_o will_v subside_o as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o yet_o a_o body_n intrinsical_o heavy_a than_o the_o fluid_a wherein_o it_o be_v immerse_v may_v accidental_o be_v extrinsecal_o light_a than_o the_o body_n wherein_o it_o be_v immerse_v namely_o when_o it_o acquire_v a_o bulk_n or_o capacity_n so_o large_a that_o a_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n will_v be_v of_o a_o great_a weight_n than_o such_o a_o immersed_a body_n specifical_o and_o intrinsical_o heavy_a and_o then_o that_o body_n though_o intrinsical_o heavy_a will_v swim_v upon_o the_o water_n and_o be_v sustain_v by_o it_o the_o most_o obvious_a instance_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v two_o viz._n 1._o when_o that_o body_n intrinsical_o heavy_a be_v mingle_v and_o concrete_v with_o other_o body_n intrinsical_o light_a than_o the_o fluid_a wherein_o it_o be_v immerse_v and_o so_o the_o whole_a concrete_a immersed_a body_n weigh_v less_o than_o the_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n will_v weigh_v as_o where_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o gold_n or_o lead_n be_v mingle_v with_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o wood_n light_a than_o water_n and_o so_o both_o make_v up_o a_o concrete_a body_n light_a than_o so_o much_o water_n 2._o when_o the_o body_n intrinsical_o heavy_a be_v form_v into_o a_o cavity_n as_o in_o tin_n silver_n or_o lead-bottle_n though_o the_o material_a be_v specifical_o heavy_a than_o water_n yet_o if_o they_o have_v such_o a_o dimension_n as_o that_o a_o quantity_n or_o mole_n of_o water_n of_o the_o same_o external_a dimension_n will_v exceed_v such_o bottle_n as_o it_o stand_v empty_a in_o weight_n this_o body_n intrinsical_o heavy_a yet_o extrinsecal_o be_v light_a than_o the_o water_n wherein_o it_o be_v immerse_v and_o therefore_o will_v be_v sustain_v by_o it_o and_o upon_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v
that_o ship_n and_o other_o vessel_n be_v bear_v up_o by_o the_o water_n although_o they_o be_v often_o ladâ—â—_n with_o great_a ordnance_n bullet_n and_o other_o thing_n intrinsical_o heavy_a than_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o water_n yet_o in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o whole_a ship_n or_o vessel_n have_v a_o great_a cavity_n and_o take_v up_o room_n in_o the_o sea_n proportionable_a to_o that_o structure_n and_o a_o mole_n of_o water_n commensurate_n to_o the_o hull_n of_o the_o ship_n as_o it_o have_v that_o concave_a posture_n be_v of_o much_o great_a extrinsic_a weight_n than_o the_o vessel_n therefore_o it_o be_v bear_v up_o and_o sustain_v by_o it_o and_o thus_o a_o body_n intrinsical_o heavy_a than_o a_o fluid_a wherein_o it_o be_v immerse_v may_v be_v extrinsecal_o light_a 1._o in_o respect_n of_o its_o concretion_n or_o composition_n 2._o in_o respect_n of_o its_o structure_n and_o cavity_n which_o give_v a_o great_a amplitude_n to_o it_o that_o body_n be_v say_v to_o be_v both_o extrinsecally_a and_o intrinsical_o heavy_a when_o it_o exceed_v another_o body_n in_o both_o respect_n as_o a_o ingott_n of_o gold_n that_o weigh_v two_o pound_n be_v both_o extrinsecally_a and_o intrinsical_o heavy_a than_o a_o ingot_n of_o silver_n weigh_v only_o one_o pound_n and_o thus_o far_o concern_v weight_n extrinsic_a and_o intrinsic_a second_o the_o second_o thing_n which_o i_o intend_v be_v to_o declare_v the_o various_a habitude_n of_o heavy_a or_o light_a body_n with_o relation_n to_o the_o fluid_n in_o which_o they_o be_v immerse_v whereby_o possible_o much_o of_o the_o learning_n and_o experience_n de_fw-fr insidentibus_fw-la humido_fw-la may_v be_v explicate_v namely_o 1._o where_o a_o body_n specifical_o or_o intrinsical_o heavy_a be_v immerse_v in_o a_o fluid_fw-la intrinsical_o light_a than_o itself_o as_o gold_n lead_v or_o iron_n in_o water_n 2._o where_o a_o body_n be_v immerse_v into_o a_o fluid_a of_o equal_a weight_n with_o itself_o which_o though_o it_o may_v be_v difficult_a to_o attain_v yet_o attainable_a it_o be_v as_o shall_v be_v show_v 3._o when_o a_o body_n specifical_o or_o intrinsical_o light_a be_v immerse_v into_o a_o fluid_a and_o intrinsical_o heavy_a than_o itself_o as_o a_o globe_n or_o cube_n of_o fir_n or_o elm_n into_o water_n which_o be_v much_o heavy_a intrinsical_o than_o such_o light_a wood_n 4._o when_o a_o body_n intrinsical_o light_a yâ—â—_n extrinsecal_o heavy_a than_o that_o portion_n of_o fluid_a wherein_o it_o be_v immerse_v be_v equal_a in_o weight_n to_o it_o as_o where_o a_o globe_n or_o cube_n of_o fir_n or_o elm_n weigh_v six_o pound_n be_v immerse_v into_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n contain_v just_o six_o pound_n weight_n of_o water_n or_o any_o quantity_n less_o than_o it_o therefore_o 1._o if_o a_o dense_a body_n be_v immerse_v in_o a_o fluid_fw-la intrinsical_o light_a than_o it_o that_o dense_a body_n will_v subside_o to_o the_o bottom_n though_o the_o fluid_a body_n in_o extrinsical_a weight_n be_v more_o than_o forty_o time_n of_o great_a extent_n than_o such_o a_o dense_a body_n as_o if_o a_o cube_n or_o globe_n of_o lead_n or_o mercury_n though_o but_o of_o a_o inch_n diameter_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o deep_a ocean_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o give_v where_o i_o treat_v of_o the_o difference_n between_o extrinsic_a and_o intrinsic_a disparity_n of_o gravity_n only_o it_o have_v those_o exception_n before_o give_v touch_v the_o mixture_n of_o such_o heavy_a body_n with_o a_o light_a and_o the_o configuration_n of_o such_o dense_a body_n into_o cavity_n or_o hollowness_n for_o the_o reason_n there_o give_v which_o i_o need_v not_o repeat_v 2._o if_o a_o dense_a body_n be_v immerse_v into_o a_o fluid_a of_o a_o equal_a intrinsic_a weight_n with_o such_o dense_a body_n it_o be_v general_o think_v that_o such_o dense_a body_n will_v keep_v any_o position_n that_o it_o be_v put_v into_o if_o place_v near_o the_o top_n or_o in_o the_o middle_n or_o near_o the_o balance_n of_o the_o vessel_n contain_v the_o fluid_a though_o i_o have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n observe_v it_o to_o rise_v towards_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o fluid_a and_o hold_v its_o upper_a superficies_n equal_a to_o it_o as_o suppose_v a_o cube_n of_o water_n six_o inch_n square_v weigh_v 14_o pound_n a_o like_a cubique_fw-la piece_n of_o wood_n of_o the_o same_o dimension_n and_o weight_n will_v stand_v at_o all_o position_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o 7_o or_o 8_o gallon_n of_o water_n for_o such_o a_o dense_a body_n be_v as_o so_o much_o water_n in_o this_o respect_n they_o be_v of_o equal_a bulk_n and_o equal_a intrinsic_a weight_n but_o it_o be_v a_o very_a difficult_a matter_n to_o find_v just_a such_o a_o equality_n between_o solid_n and_o fluid_n be_v of_o such_o different_a texture_n the_o best_a expedient_a be_v by_o a_o hollow_a vial-glass_n reduce_v to_o such_o a_o equipondium_fw-la by_o immission_n of_o small_a leaden_a shot_n into_o it_o till_o the_o glass_n and_o shot_n arise_v to_o the_o just_a equipondium_fw-la of_o a_o bulk_n of_o water_n equal_a to_o the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o glass_n 3._o when_o a_o body_n intrinsical_o light_a than_o a_o fluid_a be_v immerse_v in_o such_o fluid_fw-la part_n of_o that_o light_a body_n will_v rise_v above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n or_o other_o fluid_a into_o which_o it_o be_v immerse_v and_o will_v leave_v so_o much_o of_o itself_o under_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n as_o be_v equal_a to_o a_o body_n or_o bulk_n of_o water_n full_o commensurate_a to_o the_o whole_a weight_n of_o such_o immersed_a body_n for_o instance_n suppose_v a_o globe_n of_o light_a wood_n of_o six_o inch_n diameter_n weigh_v 5_o pound_n and_o a_o globular_a portion_n of_o water_n of_o the_o like_a diameter_n weigh_v 10_o pound_n this_o globe_n of_o wood_n immerse_v in_o a_o large_a vessel_n of_o water_n will_v rise_v so_o that_o one_o half_a thereof_o will_v be_v above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o other_o half_o will_v be_v below_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n for_o the_o intrinsic_a weight_n of_o the_o water_n be_v double_a to_o the_o intrinsic_a weight_n of_o the_o wood_n so_o that_o a_o portion_n of_o water_n equal_a to_o half_a the_o globe_n of_o wood_n weigh_v as_o much_o as_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o wood_n and_o the_o like_a proportion_n will_v hold_v where_o the_o globe_n of_o wood_n be_v light_a than_o the_o like_a portion_n of_o water_n by_o one_o three_o or_o one_o four_o or_o one_o six_o part_n mutatis_fw-la mutandis_fw-la 4._o if_o a_o gross_a body_n suppose_v of_o wood_n specifical_o light_a than_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o water_n be_v immerse_v into_o a_o quantity_n of_o water_n extrinsecal_o light_a than_o that_o immersed_a body_n that_o body_n though_o specifical_o and_o intrinsical_o light_a will_v not_o rise_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n but_o will_v sink_v down_o to_o the_o base_a or_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o remain_v contiguous_a to_o it_o notwithstanding_o the_o intrinsical_a overweight_n of_o the_o water_n to_o the_o immersed_a body_n as_o if_o in_o the_o former_a instance_n a_o globe_n of_o wood_n of_o 6_o inch_n diameter_n and_o 5_o pound_n weight_n be_v light_a by_o half_a intrinsical_o than_o the_o like_a portion_n of_o water_n if_o this_o globe_n of_o wood_n be_v immerse_v into_o a_o cylindrous_a vessel_n of_o 7_o or_o 8_o inch_n diameter_n contain_v 4_o pound_n weight_n nay_o 5_o pound_n weight_n of_o water_n the_o globe_n of_o wood_n shall_v not_o swim_v nor_o rise_v from_o the_o base_a of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v apparent_a because_o though_o in_o intrinsic_a weight_n the_o water_n be_v double_a to_o that_o wood_n yet_o in_o extrinsic_a weight_n the_o globe_n of_o wood_n in_o one_o instance_n exceed_v in_o the_o other_o instance_n equal_v the_o extrinsic_a weight_n of_o the_o water_n and_o so_o the_o intrinsic_a weight_n of_o the_o water_n be_v over-matched_n by_o the_o extrinsic_a weight_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o therefore_o can_v preponderate_v it_o nor_o consequent_o drive_v it_o up_o as_o in_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n if_o there_o be_v two_o pound_n of_o feather_n in_o one_o scale_n and_o but_o a_o pound_n of_o lead_n in_o the_o other_o the_o pound_n of_o lead_n though_o intrinsical_o heavy_a than_o the_o feather_n will_v not_o raise_v the_o scale_n of_o the_o feather_n but_o will_v be_v raise_v up_o by_o they_o and_o if_o in_o one_o scale_n there_o be_v two_o pound_n of_o feather_n and_o in_o the_o other_o two_o pound_n of_o lead_n neither_o scale_n will_v be_v raise_v by_o the_o other_o but_o stand_v in_o a_o state_n of_o rest_n because_o in_o aequilibrio_fw-la 5._o if_o a_o cube_n or_o globe_n of_o wood_n of_o six_o inch_n diameter_n and_o weigh_v six_o pound_n be_v but_o half_a
with_o a_o lumen_fw-la of_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n diameter_n in_o the_o side_n near_o the_o base_a be_v fill_v with_o water_n the_o parabolical_a line_n that_o the_o water_n will_v make_v out_o of_o that_o vessel_n in_o its_o first_o exsilition_n will_v be_v as_o long_o yea_o and_o somewhat_o long_o than_o the_o like_a parabolical_a line_n make_v in_o the_o first_o exsilition_n by_o the_o like_a lumen_fw-la out_o of_o a_o vessel_n of_o six_o inch_n diameter_n and_o the_o same_o height_n which_o must_v needs_o proceed_v from_o the_o great_a pressure_n by_o that_o column_n of_o water_n that_o have_v a_o equal_a height_n but_o a_o base_a of_o more_o equality_n to_o the_o lumen_fw-la according_a to_o the_o subjoined_a figure_n remark_n viii_o ix_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o rundle_n of_o wood_n be_v neither_o from_o the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n nor_o from_o a_o hylarchical_a principle_n but_o from_o the_o plain_a common_a know_v rule_n of_o hydrostaticks_n whereby_o necessary_o a_o fluid_a body_n drive_v up_o a_o solid_a body_n light_a than_o itself_o to_o the_o superficies_n if_o it_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n in_o the_o least_o proportion_n insinuate_v itself_o between_o the_o rundle_n and_o the_o base_a of_o the_o vessel_n and_o this_o be_v do_v by_o circumpulsion_n but_o as_o touch_v stevinus_n his_o experiment_n of_o the_o rundle_n cover_v a_o pertuse_n or_o hole_n in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o vessel_n i_o must_v needs_o say_v stevinus_n deliver_v it_o in_o his_o observation_n upon_o the_o 10_o the_o proposition_n of_o his_o hydrostatiques_n from_o whence_o i_o transcribe_v it_o pag._n 94._o of_o the_o nugae_fw-la i_o have_v say_v enough_o touch_v this_o business_n before_o upon_o remark_n 19_o 20._o upon_o the_o essay_n i_o shall_v therefore_o short_o collect_v somewhat_o of_o what_o be_v there_o more_o full_o deliver_v if_o the_o rundle_n of_o wood_n be_v specifical_o light_a than_o a_o portion_n of_o water_n equal_a to_o its_o mole_n and_o the_o rundle_n be_v press_v down_o as_o contiguous_a as_o may_v be_v to_o the_o plain_a basis_n of_o the_o vessel_n yet_o it_o will_v rise_v for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o porosity_n and_o chamfer_n of_o the_o wood_n all_o the_o industry_n imaginable_a will_v not_o press_v it_o so_o close_o but_o there_o will_v be_v some_o interstitia_fw-la between_o the_o rundle_n and_o the_o basis_n or_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n into_o which_o the_o water_n will_v creep_v and_o so_o undermine_v and_o drive_v up_o the_o rundle_n to_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n by_o a_o ascend_a pressure_n of_o the_o water_n which_o ascend_v pressure_n be_v nevertheless_o wrought_v and_o effect_v first_o by_o a_o descent_n of_o the_o water_n round_o the_o side_n of_o the_o rundle_n and_o so_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o balance_n overweigh_a the_o rundle_n of_o wood_n and_o thereupon_o necessary_o weigh_v it_o up_o 2._o if_o the_o rundle_n be_v close_o fix_v to_o the_o bottom_n by_o a_o viscous_a or_o glutinous_a or_o thick_a oily_a matter_n that_o the_o water_n can_v get_v under_o it_o the_o rundle_n will_v not_o rise_v upon_o this_o double_a account_n 1._o because_o that_o adhere_a oil_n by_o the_o mutual_a adhesion_n to_o the_o rundle_n and_o base_a render_v the_o rundle_n consequential_o and_o effective_o and_o extrinsecal_o heavy_a by_o its_o adhesion_n than_o the_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n whereby_o the_o water_n can_v raise_v it_o but_o 2._o and_o principal_o because_o the_o interpose_a viscous_a oil_n do_v obstruct_v the_o migration_n or_o insinuation_n of_o the_o water_n between_o the_o rundle_n and_o basis_n or_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o so_o it_o can_v get_v under_o it_o to_o drive_v it_o up_o but_o stand_v now_o as_o one_o common_a fix_a base_a of_o the_o vessel_n unite_v to_o the_o true_a base_a thereof_o 3._o if_o there_o be_v a_o hole_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n suppose_v of_o two_o inch_n diameter_n and_o the_o rundle_n of_o light_n wood_n be_v 4_o inch_n diameter_n and_o so_o overlap_v the_o orifice_n the_o rundle_n will_v not_o rise_v because_o the_o water_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o care_n imaginable_a will_v creep_v under_o the_o side_n of_o the_o rundle_n and_o discharge_v itself_o gradual_o through_o the_o hole_n for_o the_o water_n have_v never_o so_o little_a passage_n through_o the_o pertuse_n or_o hole_n though_o not_o commensurate_a to_o the_o 40th_o part_n of_o its_o amplitude_n will_v contend_v and_o press_v that_o way_n and_o so_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o rundle_n that_o lie_v in_o its_o way_n by_o its_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la to_o that_o orifice_n where_o it_o find_v never_o so_o little_a vent_n that_o it_o may_v discharge_v itself_o for_o the_o water_n press_v upon_o and_o through_o the_o orifice_n do_v necessary_o press_v upon_o the_o interpose_a rundle_n 4._o and_o if_o the_o rundle_n of_o wood_n can_v be_v keep_v so_o close_o to_o the_o bottom_n either_o by_o its_o own_o exquisite_a smoothness_n which_o be_v hardly_o possible_a or_o by_o any_o viscous_a oil_n or_o by_o any_o fixation_n to_o the_o bottom_n or_o base_a of_o the_o vessel_n now_o it_o stand_v as_o one_o common_a base_a to_o the_o water_n as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n do_v and_o be_v of_o no_o use_n to_o explicate_v the_o phaenomenon_n for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o it_o be_v one_o continue_v solid_a base_n to_o the_o vessel_n unmoved_a and_o unmoveable_a by_o the_o water_n and_o this_o upon_o more_o than_o one_o trial_n i_o find_v true_a and_o when_o due_o weigh_v it_o make_v nothing_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o remarker_n hypothesis_n or_o to_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o my_o supposition_n in_o the_o essay_n though_o i_o confess_v it_o do_v more_o distinct_o and_o clear_o explicate_v the_o phaenomenon_n remark_n x._o the_o adequate_a reason_n be_v true_o give_v by_o i_o if_o the_o glass_n be_v excessive_o strong_a or_o if_o it_o be_v fill_v with_o water_n it_o will_v not_o break_v because_o the_o internal_a water_n bear_v as_o strong_o against_o the_o external_a pressure_n of_o the_o external_a water_n as_o that_o can_v downward_o against_o it_o as_o we_o see_v in_o make_v new_a cut_n and_o river_n if_o there_o be_v a_o river_n with_o a_o small_a or_o weak_a bank_n on_o its_o south_n side_n and_o another_o cut_n of_o water_n be_v make_v on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o that_o slender_a bank_n the_o water_n in_o the_o river_n will_v not_o break_v the_o bank_n for_o the_o adjacent_a cut_n fill_v with_o water_n strengthen_v the_o bank_n by_o its_o renitence_n but_o if_o the_o cutt_n be_v empty_a of_o water_n the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n will_v break_v because_o the_o conterminous_a air_n be_v not_o of_o strength_n enough_o to_o balance_v it_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass-bottle_n of_o themselves_o be_v too_o weak_a to_o protect_v they_o and_o the_o include_v air_n capable_a of_o compression_n by_o the_o heavy_a element_n of_o water_n it_o want_v strength_n to_o protect_v it_o and_o so_o break_v but_o as_o for_o the_o air_n be_v out_o of_o its_o place_n when_o under_o water_n i_o have_v observe_v enough_o before_o of_o the_o vanity_n of_o that_o reason_n and_o the_o ensue_a remark_n will_v give_v i_o occasion_n to_o reinforce_v it_o remark_n xi_o if_o the_o remarker_n have_v be_v please_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o be_v so_o often_o mention_v in_o both_o the_o tract_n upon_o which_o he_o remark_n and_o be_v of_o infallible_a truth_n that_o the_o pressure_n of_o water_n in_o this_o instance_n and_o divers_a other_o be_v never_o secundum_fw-la amplitudinem_fw-la but_o secundum_fw-la altitudinem_fw-la much_o of_o this_o remark_n may_v have_v be_v spare_v and_o the_o censure_n of_o absurdity_n will_v have_v be_v reserve_v to_o better_a purpose_n for_o the_o water_n in_o the_o pipe_n of_o one_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n diameter_n must_v be_v counterpoise_v with_o a_o cylinder_n of_o external_a water_n of_o equal_a height_n and_o length_n to_o that_o in_o the_o tube_n and_o if_o the_o height_n be_v less_o though_o the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o water_n be_v more_o it_o will_v not_o counterpoise_v it_o in_o this_o motion_n remark_n xii_o xiii_o i_o come_v to_o the_o instance_n which_o i_o call_v the_o valve_n he_o call_v the_o obturaculum_fw-la i_o have_v give_v my_o reason_n of_o that_o phaenomenon_n why_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la will_v not_o subside_o in_o such_o a_o immersion_n into_o water_n this_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o cap._n 6._o nugarum_fw-la pag._n 102_o etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o observation_n upon_o the_o remark_n which_o be_v this_o in_o effect_n when_o the_o whole_a tube_n with_o its_o valve_n close_v be_v counterpoise_v with_o a_o portion_n of_o water_n of_o great_a or_o at_o least_o equal_a weight_n to_o the_o whole_a instrument_n and_o of_o equal_a
bulk_n to_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o be_v immerse_v in_o the_o water_n the_o whole_a engine_n must_v necessary_o swim_v for_o it_o be_v in_o aequilibrio_fw-la with_o or_o preponderate_v by_o so_o much_o water_n which_o it_o displace_v by_o its_o immersion_n and_o it_o be_v in_o effect_n no_o other_o than_o if_o a_o cylindrical_a body_n suppose_v a_o cane_n be_v of_o two_o inch_n diameter_n and_o of_o two_o foot_n long_o the_o bottom_n fill_v about_o a_o inch_n with_o lead_n and_o then_o 11_o inch_n with_o water_n and_o the_o rest_n with_o air_n and_o suppose_v the_o whole_a cane_n be_v light_a than_o the_o like_a bulk_n of_o water_n so_o that_o a_o mole_n of_o water_n countervail_v 12_o inch_n of_o this_o cylinder_n will_v counterpoise_v it_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o this_o cylinder_n must_v swim_v perpendiculary_a and_o erect_v in_o the_o water_n at_o a_o immersion_n of_o twelve_o inch_n for_o the_o water_n bear_v against_o its_o basis_n must_v necessary_o sustain_v it_o at_o that_o height_n and_o perfect_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v that_o which_o keep_v up_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la by_o press_v against_o it_o at_o the_o bottom_n which_o now_o be_v as_o it_o be_v one_o common_a piece_n of_o the_o whole_a latin_a cylinder_n or_o valve_n and_o this_o aequilibrium_fw-la be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o its_o sustentation_n but_o the_o remarker_n have_v give_v we_o another_o kind_n of_o solution_n which_o if_o i_o understand_v aright_o be_v to_o this_o purpose_n that_o in_o this_o instance_n the_o air_n be_v out_o of_o its_o place_n be_v in_o the_o latin_a cube_n below_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n and_o that_o the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n or_o the_o principium_fw-la hylarchicum_n to_o rescue_v it_o from_o this_o inconvenience_n draw_v up_o the_o air_n and_o drive_v down_o the_o contiguous_a water_n and_o therewith_o draw_v and_o drive_v up_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la which_o by_o the_o abituriency_n as_o it_o be_v call_v of_o the_o air_n be_v sustain_v and_o as_o a_o strong_a proof_n hereof_o it_o be_v say_v both_o in_o the_o remark_n and_o in_o the_o enchiridion_n metaphysicum_fw-la that_o if_o the_o tube_n be_v stop_v near_o the_o sucker_n or_o obturaculum_fw-la it_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v sustain_v because_o now_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la be_v not_o concern_v in_o the_o abiturience_n of_o the_o air_n thus_o separate_v from_o it_o by_o the_o interpose_a obstruction_n this_o i_o call_v a_o obscure_a solution_n and_o have_v i_o then_o search_v into_o it_o as_o i_o have_v do_v since_o i_o shall_v have_v style_v it_o a_o mistake_a solution_n for_o so_o it_o be_v 1._o i_o do_v not_o understand_v how_o the_o air_n be_v out_o of_o its_o place_n when_o it_o fill_v the_o tube_n below_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n any_o more_o than_o if_o the_o vessel_n be_v place_v upon_o a_o steeple_n the_o air_n on_o either_o side_n reach_v below_o the_o fund_z of_o the_o vessel_n it_o may_v be_v 40_o yard_n be_v out_o of_o his_o place_n because_o the_o bucket_n of_o water_n stand_v above_o it_o 2._o neither_o do_v i_o understand_v how_o the_o spirit_n of_o nature_n be_v concern_v to_o fetch_v up_o the_o air_n out_o of_o the_o tube_n or_o to_o bring_v the_o water_n into_o the_o tube_n but_o it_o be_v perform_v by_o a_o plain_a statical_a necessity_n and_o the_o relative_a pressure_n of_o the_o water_n upon_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v light_a than_o the_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n 3._o be_v it_o in_o his_o place_n or_o out_o of_o his_o place_n if_o the_o instance_n give_v by_o the_o remarker_n of_o the_o fall_n off_o of_o the_o valve_n or_o obturaculum_fw-la when_o another_o obturaculum_fw-la be_v interpose_v be_v as_o true_a as_o it_o be_v confident_o affirm_v there_o may_v have_v some_o relief_n thereby_o be_v give_v to_o the_o solution_n which_o i_o call_v obscure_a but_o most_o plain_o it_o be_v not_o true_a and_o by_o frequent_a trial_n i_o have_v find_v that_o notwithstanding_o that_o interpose_a stop_v a_o little_a above_o the_o sucker_n or_o obturaculum_fw-la the_o obturaculum_fw-la will_v continue_v suspend_v as_o well_o as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o interpose_a stoppage_n i_o take_v a_o latin_a tube_n of_o two_o foot_n five_o inch_n long_o and_o one_o inch_n and_o a_o quarter_n diameter_n with_o its_o valve_n and_o obturaculum_fw-la close_o fit_v each_o to_o other_o but_o so_o as_o with_o its_o own_o weight_n the_o obturaculum_fw-la will_v subside_o in_o the_o open_a air_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a engine_n weigh_v 12_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a and_o 9_o d_o weight_n i_o stop_v the_o tube_n within_o less_o than_o ah_o inch_n above_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la with_o cork_n so_o every_o way_n encompass_v with_o a_o strong_a cement_n that_o all_o possible_a intercourse_n between_o the_o superior_a air_n and_o the_o low_a brazen_a obturaculum_fw-la be_v entire_o stop_v the_o valve_n or_o obturaculum_fw-la be_v put_v up_o and_o the_o tube_n immerse_v into_o a_o full_a vessel_n of_o water_n subside_v to_o 18_o inch_n depth_n and_o thereby_o drive_v over_o a_o portion_n of_o water_n equal_a in_o weight_n to_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o engine_n and_o equal_a in_o bulk_n or_o mole_n to_o the_o 18_o inch_n of_o the_o engine_n immerse_v in_o the_o water_n and_o all_o this_o while_n the_o obturaculum_fw-la stick_v fast_o i_o therefore_o gentle_o raise_v the_o engine_n till_o it_o come_v within_o 5_o or_o 6_o inch_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n and_o yet_o it_o continue_v sustain_v till_o it_o be_v raise_v to_o such_o a_o height_n as_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la counterpoise_v a_o column_n of_o water_n commensurate_n in_o weight_n unto_o it_o and_o so_o long_a the_o obturaculum_fw-la continue_v suspend_v but_o when_o the_o tube_n be_v lift_v high_a so_o that_o the_o aequipondium_fw-la between_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la and_o the_o like_a mole_n of_o water_n be_v lose_v than_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la fall_v down_o as_o in_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o valve_n that_o have_v no_o such_o interpose_a obstruction_n this_o be_v the_o event_n of_o this_o experiment_n often_o make_v and_o will_v doubtless_o fall_v out_o upon_o any_o other_o man_n trial_n if_o it_o be_v careful_o and_o sober_o put_v in_o ure_n only_o this_o must_v be_v remember_v if_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la be_v not_o very_o true_a and_o exact_a but_o that_o the_o water_n come_v in_o considerable_o between_o the_o obturaculum_fw-la and_o the_o valve_n the_o obturaculum_fw-la will_v fall_v off_o after_o a_o little_a while_n at_o least_o as_o well_o in_o this_o as_o in_o the_o unstopped_a tube_n describe_v in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o the_o nugae_fw-la partly_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o laxness_n of_o its_o adhesion_n and_o partly_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o additional_a weight_n of_o water_n get_v in_o above_o the_o low_a obturaculum_fw-la and_o yet_o it_o must_v be_v remember_v also_o that_o though_o there_o be_v the_o great_a 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naturae_fw-la to_o act_n in_o this_o case_n i_o shall_v therefore_o conclude_v this_o remark_n upon_o which_o so_o great_a a_o stress_n be_v lay_v to_o prove_v the_o hylarchical_a principle_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o its_o sustain_v the_o obturaculum_fw-la by_o evocate_a the_o air_n and_o its_o ready_a obsequious_a abituriency_n to_o be_v not_o so_o much_o a_o obscure_a as_o a_o mistake_a solution_n and_o bottom_v upon_o a_o mistake_a experiment_n remark_n fourteen_o in_o this_o remark_n the_o author_n be_v pleasant_a with_o his_o hylarchical_a principle_n attribute_v to_o it_o a_o pretty_a kind_n of_o intelligence_n only_o where_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o pulp_n not_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o finger_n that_o feel_v the_o monition_n of_o the_o hylarchical_a principle_n it_o be_v certain_o both_o for_o the_o pulp_n can_v be_v attract_v unless_o the_o intervening_a skin_n be_v attract_v
yet_o it_o be_v no_o way_n repugnant_a but_o high_o consonant_a to_o nature_n that_o all_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o tube_n of_o air_n may_v be_v as_o close_o unite_v one_o to_o another_o and_o as_o entire_o fill_v that_o cubical_a space_n as_o the_o like_a cubical_a body_n of_o water_n or_o mercury_n or_o gold_n and_o that_o although_o it_o be_v inherent_a in_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o a_o rare_a body_n not_o to_o have_v so_o firm_a a_o consistency_n as_o that_o which_o be_v more_o crass_a and_o solid_a yet_o such_o a_o rare_a body_n may_v be_v whole_o destitute_a of_o pore_n or_o interstitia_fw-la between_o its_o part_n as_o the_o most_o solid_a body_n imaginable_a for_o porosity_n or_o distance_n of_o part_n be_v not_o a_o effect_n necessary_o result_v from_o rarity_n for_o it_o will_v be_v a_o strange_a position_n that_o no_o body_n that_o be_v not_o summè_fw-la solidum_fw-la or_o crassum_fw-la can_v have_v be_v create_v that_o have_v all_o its_o part_n commensurate_a to_o all_o the_o space_n within_o the_o external_a dimension_n or_o extima_fw-la superficies_n of_o such_o body_n and_o yet_o this_o must_v necessary_o follow_v if_o such_o a_o commensuration_n ex_fw-la natura_fw-la rei_fw-la be_v contradictory_n to_o and_o inconsistent_a with_o any_o body_n that_o be_v not_o summè_fw-la solidum_fw-la or_o crassum_fw-la whereof_o possible_o there_o be_v no_o instance_n that_o be_v or_o can_v be_v make_v for_o gold_n itself_o be_v not_o summè_fw-la crassum_fw-la or_o solidum_fw-la for_o one_o piece_n of_o gold_n may_v be_v solider_fw-la and_o have_v more_o of_o crass_a matter_n than_o another_o which_o appear_v by_o the_o disparity_n of_o weight_n between_o two_o several_a kind_n of_o gold_n of_o the_o same_o bulk_n nay_o upon_o a_o strict_a search_n it_o may_v be_v find_v de_fw-la facto_fw-la true_a that_o some_o kind_n of_o wood_n or_o metal_n that_o be_v more_o crass_a and_o consequent_o more_o weighty_a than_o other_o may_v yet_o be_v more_o porous_a than_o some_o wood_n or_o metal_n that_o be_v light_a and_o of_o a_o great_a tenuity_n yea_o glass_n or_o crystal_n that_o be_v light_a and_o less_o crass_a than_o some_o other_o body_n may_v be_v less_o porous_a than_o such_o as_o be_v heavy_a and_o crasser_n or_o if_o comparison_n be_v make_v between_o it_o and_o common_a iron-ore_n the_o like_a between_o calice-sand_n and_o yellow_a wax_n and_o many_o more_o whereof_o the_o table_n of_o the_o lord_n verulam_n in_o his_o historia_fw-la densi_fw-la &_o rari_fw-la may_v yield_v we_o many_o instance_n again_o we_o have_v no_o better_a measure_n of_o the_o rarity_n or_o density_n in_o body_n than_o their_o difference_n of_o weight_n quod_fw-la rarum_fw-la leave_n quod_fw-la densum_fw-la grave_n let_v we_o resume_v the_o instance_n give_v supra_fw-la cap._n 6._o wherein_o it_o appear_v that_o air_n be_v at_o least_o 12000_o time_n light_a and_o consequent_o rare_a than_o mercury_n now_o if_o we_o shall_v suppose_v the_o air_n in_o a_o cubique_a vessel_n of_o a_o foot_n square_a shall_v fill_v but_o 1_o 12000_o of_o that_o space_n and_o the_o rest_n viz._n 11999_o part_n of_o that_o space_n must_v be_v either_o total_o empty_a or_o supply_v with_o another_o kind_n of_o heterogeneous_a subtle_a matter_n differ_v from_o air_n this_o must_v be_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o supposition_n that_o the_o mole_n aeris_fw-la be_v not_o commensurate_a to_o all_o the_o space_n within_o the_o cavity_n of_o that_o cube_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v so_o evident_o against_o sense_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o be_v admit_v or_o almost_o conceivable_a by_o any_o that_o due_o think_v of_o it_o water_n be_v subtle_a than_o mercury_n by_o 14_o time_n air_n be_v subtle_a than_o water_n by_o 900_o time_n and_o possible_o the_o aether_n above_o the_o atmosphere_n or_o the_o elementa_fw-la stellarum_fw-la be_v as_o much_o subtle_a than_o common_a air_n of_o our_o low_a atmosphere_n it_o be_v a_o wild_a conceit_n to_o think_v that_o every_o give_v portion_n of_o the_o ethereal_a world_n must_v necessary_o have_v forty_o thousand_o equal_a portion_n either_o of_o vacuity_n or_o of_o subtle_a matter_n more_o refine_v than_o aether_n and_o that_o no_o one_o give_v portion_n of_o ethereal_a matter_n suppose_v a_o cubique_a foot_n can_v be_v exact_o commensurate_a to_o all_o the_o space_n within_o that_o cubique_a foot_n but_o must_v have_v forty_o thousand_o interspersed_a pore_n either_o whole_o vacant_a or_o fill_v with_o another_o more_o subtle_a matter_n than_o itself_o i_o conclude_v therefore_o it_o be_v equal_o consonant_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o body_n that_o a_o more_o rare_a or_o subtle_a body_n may_v be_v and_o be_v equal_o commensurate_a to_o all_o the_o space_n within_o the_o extent_n of_o its_o ubication_n as_o the_o crass_a body_n in_o the_o world_n the_o thing_n i_o drive_v at_o be_v this_o real_a truth_n viz._n that_o a_o body_n though_o never_o so_o rare_a may_v be_v entire_o commensurate_a to_o all_o the_o space_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o its_o external_a superficies_n as_o well_o as_o the_o dense_v or_o crass_a body_n that_o be_v or_o can_v be_v in_o nature_n and_o consequent_o that_o the_o same_o body_n if_o it_o have_v at_o several_a time_n several_a texture_n may_v in_o these_o several_a season_n entire_o possess_v space_n answer_v such_o texture_n as_o if_o water_n gain_v the_o texture_n of_o air_n it_o may_v be_v commensurate_a to_o all_o space_n within_o its_o superficies_n 4._o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o although_o some_o particle_n of_o air_n include_v in_o the_o common_a body_n of_o the_o air_n may_v possible_o be_v more_o subtle_a than_o other_o yet_o as_o to_o point_v of_o extension_n or_o contraction_n all_o the_o part_n thereof_o even_o the_o minute_a part_n thereof_o as_o to_o the_o quality_n of_o rarity_n and_o tenuity_n and_o the_o motion_n of_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o perfect_o homogeneal_a and_o the_o like_a for_o water_n and_o although_o some_o imaginable_a part_n thereof_o may_v be_v rare_a other_o crasser_n yet_o they_o be_v perfect_o mingle_v together_o as_o common_a constituent_n of_o the_o same_o body_n we_o call_v air_n and_o therefore_o to_o suppose_v the_o first_o constituent_a minute_n particle_n of_o air_n or_o water_n be_v hard_o or_o of_o any_o other_o nature_n than_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v a_o precarious_a inevident_a and_o unreasonable_a supposition_n 5._o i_o do_v suppose_v it_o as_o a_o certain_a evident_a truth_n that_o the_o actual_a existence_n of_o part_n or_o particle_n of_o continue_a body_n as_o most_o evident_o water_v and_o air_n be_v be_v but_o only_o potential_o or_o by_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o understanding_n in_o such_o body_n and_o not_o real_o exist_v as_o part_n or_o as_o divide_v till_o a_o real_a and_o actual_a separation_n of_o they_o with_o integral_a part_n though_o they_o may_v be_v big_a or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o method_n of_o their_o separation_n yet_o 1._o still_o remain_v body_n 2._o can_v be_v indivisible_a no_o not_o physical_o 3._o be_v of_o the_o very_a same_o nature_n texture_n or_o make_v with_o the_o whole_a body_n out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v cancel_v and_o therefore_o when_o the_o external_a superficies_n of_o the_o whole_a bulk_n in_o rarefaction_n be_v expanded_a or_o in_o condensation_n be_v contract_v the_o like_a expansion_n and_o contraction_n happen_v in_o proportion_n in_o every_o particle_n thereof_o in_o a_o true_a and_o proper_a rarefaction_n or_o condensation_n whereof_o the_o question_n be_v state_v 6._o i_o do_v not_o think_v that_o corporeity_n or_o bodily_a consistence_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o quantity_n or_o trina_fw-la dimensio_fw-la but_o that_o this_o be_v but_o a_o affection_n or_o consequence_n of_o it_o for_o otherwise_o all_o body_n that_o have_v a_o equal_a trina_fw-la dimensio_fw-la must_v needs_o have_v the_o same_o density_n or_o a_o equal_a mass_n of_o matter_n or_o corporeal_a mole_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o experience_n for_o a_o cubique_a foot_n of_o water_n have_v less_o of_o matter_n than_o a_o cubique_a foot_n of_o mercury_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o disparity_n of_o their_o weight_n the_o best_a indication_n of_o the_o disparity_n of_o the_o mole_n of_o matter_n these_o thing_n be_v thus_o premise_v i_o now_o proceed_v to_o declare_v my_o thought_n touch_v rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n hold_v myself_o single_o to_o it_o as_o it_o be_v state_v to_o be_v the_o question_n in_o the_o 4_o the_o chapter_n and_o principal_o apply_v myself_o to_o those_o body_n that_o be_v most_o pneumatical_a or_o spirital_a i_o say_v not_o spiritual_a it_o seem_v therefore_o to_o i_o that_o as_o several_a body_n of_o the_o same_o external_a extent_n or_o superficies_n as_o suppose_v a_o cubical_a foot_n of_o air_n water_n mercury_n or_o gold_n may_v have_v and_o have_v yet_o a_o close_a continuity_n of_o all_o
usual_a and_o be_v not_o the_o penetration_n or_o penetrability_n in_o question_n 3._o when_o one_o part_n or_o particle_n of_o matter_n be_v take_v into_o another_o portion_n of_o matter_n by_o a_o kind_n of_o contraction_n and_o swallow_v up_o and_o drown_v as_o it_o be_v in_o another_o portion_n of_o matter_n by_o a_o strict_a union_n than_o it_o have_v before_o whereby_o the_o same_o numerical_a portion_n of_o matter_n have_v a_o less_o extension_n and_o space_n than_o it_o have_v before_o and_o yet_o continue_v the_o same_o portion_n of_o matter_n without_o diminution_n or_o increase_n of_o substance_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o the_o question_n in_o hand_n and_o this_o penetration_n of_o matter_n or_o body_n may_v be_v consider_v two_o way_n 1._o when_o two_o distinct_a divide_a body_n or_o portion_n of_o matter_n be_v say_v thus_o to_o penetrate_v each_o other_o 2._o when_o the_o unite_a part_n of_o the_o same_o portion_n of_o matter_n do_v penetrate_v and_o swallow_v each_o other_o as_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v do_v in_o condensation_n and_o though_o the_o former_a be_v considerable_a yet_o this_o latter_a be_v that_o kind_n of_o penetration_n touch_v which_o the_o question_n grow_v second_o matter_n or_o material_a substance_n be_v the_o substratum_fw-la of_o body_n and_o although_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o it_o to_o exist_v one_o moment_n without_o a_o determinate_a extent_n and_o determination_n into_o some_o body_n complete_v in_o esse_fw-la corporeo_fw-la yet_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o indifferent_a to_o any_o particular_a extension_n or_o bodily_a concrement_n this_o be_v that_o materia_fw-la prima_fw-la the_o subject_a of_o all_o generation_n and_o corruption_n yet_o itself_o ingenerable_a and_o incorruptible_a that_o proteus_n which_o in_o various_a succession_n be_v capable_a of_o various_a form_n extension_n and_o variety_n of_o body_n as_o we_o see_v in_o a_o piece_n of_o wood_n throw_v into_o the_o fire_n that_o same_o material_a substance_n which_o but_o now_o be_v wood_n assume_v several_a nature_n and_o extension_n some_o more_o fix_v than_o the_o wood_n as_o its_o salt_n some_o more_o lax_n as_o ash_n and_o smoke_n and_o according_o undergo_v variety_n of_o extension_n different_a from_o what_o the_o very_a same_o portion_n of_o matter_n have_v before_o the_o very_a same_o individual_a suppose_a portion_n of_o matter_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v determine_v into_o air_n water_n or_o some_o other_o body_n and_o if_o determine_v into_o water_n it_o may_v be_v the_o suppose_a portion_n of_o matter_n will_v make_v up_o a_o cubical_a body_n of_o a_o inch_n square_a but_o if_o determine_v into_o air_n it_o will_v make_v a_o cubical_a body_n of_o above_o 1000_o time_n that_o extension_n and_o yet_o the_o individual_a portion_n of_o matter_n simple_o the_o same_o and_o neither_o more_o nor_o less_o under_o those_o different_a texture_n and_o extension_n for_o material_a substance_n be_v natural_o susceptive_a successive_o of_o various_a texture_n and_o consistence_n from_o whence_o do_v necessary_o result_v successive_o various_a extent_n or_o diminution_n of_o that_o one_o individual_a particle_n of_o matter_n under_o those_o various_a consistence_n three_o body_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o matter_n determine_v into_o a_o body_n of_o this_o or_o that_o nature_n figure_n texture_n plexus_fw-la quality_n and_o dimension_n these_o be_v superaddition_n to_o matter_n and_o be_v add_v to_o it_o determine_v it_o into_o body_n and_o when_o this_o body_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o agent_n assume_v another_o distinct_a consistence_n then_o be_v that_o body_n either_o essential_o change_v into_o another_o kind_n of_o body_n or_o else_o accidental_o alter_v in_o figure_n dimension_n texture_n or_o otherwise_o and_o yet_o the_o matter_n continue_v entire_o the_o same_o as_o in_o some_o body_n the_o very_a same_o cubique_a inch_n of_o bees-wax_n may_v be_v mould_v into_o a_o globe_n a_o cone_n a_o trigone_n etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o continue_v the_o same_o numerical_a and_o individual_a piece_n of_o wax_n four_o quantity_n and_o herein_o i_o shall_v take_v the_o liberty_n to_o use_v this_o word_n according_a to_o my_o own_o sense_n abstract_v from_o other_o acceptation_n i_o call_v therefore_o quantity_n that_o habitude_n whereby_o a_o material_a substance_n under_o any_o determination_n be_v denominate_v more_o or_o less_o and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o proper_a inseparable_a accident_n if_o we_o will_v call_v it_o so_o of_o material_a substance_n and_o intrinsic_a to_o it_o and_o real_o differ_v from_o extension_n or_o dimension_n for_o instance_n a_o cubique_a inch_n of_o water_n be_v rarefy_v into_o 1000_o cubique_a inch_n of_o air_n or_o a_o cubique_a foot_n of_o air_n be_v by_o heat_n rarify_v into_o five_o cubique_fw-la foot_n of_o air_n here_o be_v variety_n of_o extension_n and_o yet_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o matter_n in_o the_o cubique_fw-la inch_n of_o water_n and_o in_o the_o cubique_fw-la foot_n of_o air_n as_o be_v after_o rarefaction_n in_o the_o 1000_o cubique_fw-la inch_n of_o air_n and_o 5_o cubique_fw-la foot_n of_o air_n quantity_n be_v close_o knit_v to_o material_a substance_n but_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a extension_n variable_a though_o the_o quantity_n i._n e._n the_o mole_n the_o muchness_n of_o substance_n be_v the_o same_o and_o herein_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o differ_v from_o extension_n that_o extension_n be_v measure_v by_o artificial_a measure_n of_o inch_n palm_n foot_n cubit_n but_o quantity_n in_o my_o acceptation_n be_v measure_v by_o weight_n which_o give_v the_o discrimination_n of_o quantity_n or_o muchness_n of_o matter_n where_o it_o may_v be_v the_o extent_n be_v equal_a as_o a_o cubique_fw-la foot_n of_o water_n be_v equal_a in_o dimension_n to_o a_o cubique_fw-la foot_n of_o mercury_n but_o there_o be_v 14_o time_n more_o weight_n and_o consequent_o more_o matter_n and_o 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best_a measure_n of_o equality_n or_o disparity_n of_o material_a substance_n but_o indeed_o
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blood_n humour_n chyle_n and_o latex_n may_v one_o correct_v the_o other_o and_o the_o same_o i_o say_v of_o water_n though_o there_o be_v particular_a motion_n of_o its_o part_n as_o a_o fluid_a body_n and_o those_o correct_v and_o refract_v one_o another_o yet_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o entire_a mole_n corporea_fw-la as_o constitute_v one_o entire_a body_n retain_v its_o entire_a weight_n upon_o the_o scale_n viz._n 12_o pound_n and_o this_o without_o any_o repugnancy_n to_o or_o diminution_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o descent_n of_o heavy_a body_n to_o the_o centre_n take_v a_o balance_n and_o charge_v one_o scale_n with_o 3_o pound_n weight_n the_o other_o with_o 2_o pound_n weight_n the_o preponderation_n of_o the_o scale_n with_o 3_o pound_n weight_n will_v raise_v up_o the_o scale_n with_o 2_o pound_n weight_n so_o that_o in_o a_o relative_a consideration_n between_o the_o weight_n the_o latter_a have_v no_o sensible_a gravitation_n and_o yet_o 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pound_n weight_n of_o water_n nor_o the_o 1000_o the_o part_n thereof_o and_o yet_o the_o whole_a vessel_n of_o water_n or_o the_o whole_a water_n in_o the_o vessel_n shall_v nevertheless_o weigh_v 2000_o pound_n upon_o the_o reason_n give_v in_o the_o 7_o the_o and_o 8_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o essay_n without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o hylarchical_a spirit_n whether_o intelligent_a sentient_a or_o plastic_a only_o and_o thus_o i_o have_v do_v with_o the_o remark_n upon_o the_o pamphlet_n call_v a_o essay_n touch_v the_o gravitation_n of_o fluids_n the_o brief_a of_o what_o i_o have_v herein_o and_o there_o deliver_v be_v as_o follow_v i._o that_o there_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o double_a reason_n of_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluid_n upon_o body_n within_o they_o of_o a_o narrow_a base_n at_o least_o than_o the_o base_a of_o the_o whole_a mole_n of_o the_o water_n incumbent_a upon_o they_o namely_o 1._o mechanical_a which_o be_v principal_o sustinendo_fw-la the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o water_n sustain_v and_o bear_v up_o the_o superior_a as_o analogical_a to_o the_o sustentation_n of_o the_o superior_a part_n of_o sand_n or_o other_o minute_n body_n by_o the_o inferior_a 2._o natural_a premendo_fw-la which_o be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o water_n itself_o as_o a_o fluid_a though_o withal_o a_o heavy_a body_n which_o be_v per_fw-la declive_a and_o very_o near_o horizontal_a correct_v the_o central_a gravitation_n ii_o that_o although_o the_o mole_n of_o water_n consider_v as_o one_o common_a mass_n or_o moles_n move_v as_o a_o heavy_a body_n in_o a_o central_a termination_n yet_o the_o water_n and_o its_o part_n consider_v in_o their_o fluid_a consistency_n have_v differ_v motion_n as_o a_o fluid_a body_n and_o with_o various_a termination_n viz._n central_a lateral_a and_o per_fw-la declive_a which_o check_n and_o refract_v the_o pressure_n of_o each_o other_o so_o that_o the_o entire_a pressure_n of_o the_o part_n of_o water_n be_v not_o all_o one_o way_n because_o a_o fluid_a body_n though_o as_o one_o entire_a mole_n it_o press_v with_o one_o single_a central_a termination_n as_o a_o heavy_a body_n yet_o the_o part_n thereof_o in_o their_o common_a consistency_n have_v various_a motion_n or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la iii_o that_o although_o the_o various_a conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la of_o the_o part_n of_o water_n in_o fluore_n do_v correct_v the_o motion_n of_o water_n in_o relation_n to_o their_o termination_n as_o a_o fluid_a body_n whereby_o divers_a urinatores_fw-la be_v not_o press_v to_o death_n yet_o these_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n as_o a_o fluid_a body_n do_v not_o abate_v or_o alter_v the_o common_a motion_n of_o the_o whole_a mole_n when_o in_o one_o collection_n in_o its_o central_a termination_n as_o a_o heavy_a body_n iv._o that_o beside_o these_o motion_n incident_a to_o water_n as_o a_o heavy_a or_o a_o fluid_a body_n there_o be_v or_o may_v be_v certain_a accidental_a motion_n ab_fw-la extrinseco_fw-la which_o may_v give_v water_n a_o vertical_a ascend_a motion_n of_o pressure_n by_o a_o external_a force_n as_o that_o motion_n which_o arise_v by_o circumpulsion_n where_o it_o meet_v with_o a_o light_a body_n below_o the_o superficies_n as_o in_o that_o of_o the_o rundle_n of_o a_o light_a body_n as_o a_o rundle_n of_o wood_n the_o rise_n up_o of_o water_n into_o a_o tube_n full_a of_o air_n the_o instance_n of_o the_o value_n give_v in_o the_o ensue_a remark_n all_o which_o though_o they_o partly_o happen_v from_o the_o fluidity_n of_o water_n yet_o they_o be_v effect_v from_o a_o accidental_a interposition_n and_o most_o ordinary_o be_v consequential_a upon_o a_o descent_n of_o the_o water_n first_o all_o which_o motion_n of_o part_n of_o fluid_n arise_v either_o ab_fw-la extrinseco_fw-la or_o from_o its_o fluidity_n yet_o be_v consistent_a with_o its_o intrinsical_a quality_n of_o a_o heavy_a body_n and_o the_o motion_n or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la of_o the_o entire_a mole_n thereof_o in_o a_o central_a termination_n or_o motion_n towards_o the_o centre_n which_o i_o usual_o express_v by_o a_o central_a motion_n or_o termination_n touch_v the_o remark_n upon_o difficiles_fw-la nugae_fw-la remark_n i._n i_o now_o come_v to_o the_o second_o course_n of_o remark_n upon_o difficiles_fw-la nugae_fw-la and_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o in_o this_o remark_n the_o learned_a author_n have_v fall_v upon_o one_o of_o the_o subtle_a subject_n in_o philosophy_n and_o such_o as_o will_v require_v more_o than_o a_o small_a treatise_n to_o give_v a_o tolerable_a account_n touch_v it_o namely_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n i_o have_v more_o large_o give_v a_o account_n of_o my_o thought_n touch_v it_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o book_n whereby_o it_o will_v appear_v whether_o the_o principle_n i_o take_v up_o be_v unprove_v or_o whether_o they_o or_o the_o remarker_n principle_n be_v or_o can_v be_v prove_v by_o any_o experiment_n or_o reason_n in_o nature_n or_o whether_o his_o principle_n or_o i_o be_v such_o as_o be_v repugnant_a to_o reason_n and_o absurd_a if_o we_o close_o canvas_v they_o and_o more_o considerate_o search_v into_o they_o it_o be_v not_o in_o that_o place_n here_o remark_v upon_o necessary_a to_o prove_v they_o but_o to_o suppose_v they_o the_o proof_n be_v therefore_o there_o omit_v i_o have_v therefore_o now_o in_o the_o beginning_n supply_v that_o defect_n in_o some_o measure_n remark_n ii_o the_o learned_a remarker_n mistake_v the_o scope_n of_o the_o assertion_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o conjunction_n of_o solid_a heavy_a body_n contribute_v to_o their_o weight_n and_o consequent_o to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o whole_a solid_a body_n downward_o but_o the_o actual_a gravitation_n of_o one_o part_n upon_o another_o be_v suspend_v by_o their_o continuity_n the_o low_a part_n receive_v and_o sustain_v and_o so_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la suspend_v the_o actual_a
body_n natural_o to_o a_o central_a direction_n though_o it_o may_v be_v some_o time_n accidental_o impede_v and_o ordinary_o impede_v by_o the_o fluidity_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n remark_n xii_o xvi_o xviii_o that_o the_o part_n of_o water_n when_o in_o conjunction_n one_o with_o another_o be_v only_o contiguous_a i_o do_v admit_v by_o way_n of_o argument_n but_o i_o no_o where_o admit_v it_o by_o way_n of_o concession_n for_o if_o i_o shall_v i_o think_v i_o shall_v grant_v that_o which_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n true_a i_o only_o therefore_o in_o that_o place_n argue_v that_o be_v the_o part_n of_o water_n solute_a and_o only_o contiguous_a yet_o even_o there_o the_o actual_a gravitation_n of_o they_o will_v be_v suspend_v as_o well_o as_o in_o sand._n and_o because_o the_o business_n of_o continuity_n and_o contiguity_n often_o occur_v in_o the_o remark_n and_o great_a endeavour_n be_v therein_o use_v to_o prove_v the_o particle_n of_o water_n and_o air_n only_o contiguous_a i_o shall_v here_o once_o for_o all_o make_v some_o observation_n touch_v continuity_n and_o contiguity_n that_o i_o may_v avoid_v repetition_n we_o learn_v both_o from_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a philosophy_n that_o contigua_fw-la sunt_fw-la quorum_fw-la ultima_fw-la sunt_fw-la simul_fw-la in_o situ_fw-la &_o non_fw-la est_fw-la possibile_fw-la quod_fw-la inter_fw-la ea_fw-la cadat_fw-la aliquid_fw-la quod_fw-la habet_fw-la situm_fw-la continuum_fw-la autem_fw-la illud_fw-la cujus_fw-la natura_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la inter_fw-la part_n ejus_fw-la reperitur_fw-la unus_fw-la terminus_fw-la communis_fw-la or_o quorum_fw-la ultima_fw-la sunt_fw-la unum_fw-la in_o actu_fw-la which_o be_v a_o little_o clear_a explain_v by_o the_o modern_n that_o continua_fw-la sunt_fw-la quando_fw-la ex_fw-la pluribus_fw-la quantis_fw-la fiat_fw-la unum_fw-la totum_fw-la nulla_fw-la sensibili_fw-la commissura_fw-la inter_fw-la part_n remanente_fw-la or_o implicatio_fw-la &_o incorporatio_fw-la partium_fw-la unitarum_fw-la so_o that_o they_o as_o it_o be_v run_v one_o into_o another_o without_o any_o sensible_a discrimination_n of_o their_o mole_n or_o situs_fw-la although_o in_o grosser_n body_n there_o be_v more_o require_v than_o contiguity_n to_o make_v they_o continuous_a yet_o in_o liquids_n especial_o perfect_o homogeneal_a as_o water_n and_o water_n air_n and_o air_n mercury_n and_o mercury_n there_o arise_v a_o continuity_n of_o part_n mere_o upon_o their_o contiguity_n or_o contingency_n for_o thereupon_o they_o present_o incorporate_v implicate_v and_o mingle_v so_o one_o with_o another_o that_o there_o remain_v no_o possible_a distinction_n of_o the_o part_n unite_v one_o drop_n of_o water_n touch_v another_o one_o portion_n of_o air_n touch_v another_o one_o little_a globule_n of_o mercury_n touch_v another_o become_v perfect_o continue_v body_n without_o more_o ado_n though_o they_o be_v before_o divide_v by_o their_o distance_n and_o interposition_n of_o another_o body_n this_o be_v apparent_a to_o our_o very_a sense_n that_o these_o be_v undistinguishable_o unite_v incorporate_a and_o implicate_v one_o in_o another_o by_o their_o very_a contact_n as_o close_o though_o not_o so_o firm_o as_o lead_v iron_n or_o gold_n after_o hammer_v or_o fusion_n in_o all_o body_n that_o be_v in_o continuity_n as_o there_o be_v a_o unity_n of_o existence_n so_o ordinary_o though_o not_o always_o follow_v a_o unity_n of_o motion_n it_o do_v not_o always_o follow_v because_o there_o may_v intervene_v something_o that_o may_v disorder_v or_o break_v it_o but_o in_o thing_n bare_o contiguous_a as_o they_o be_v not_o in_o themselves_o unite_v so_o regular_o ad_fw-la motum_fw-la unius_fw-la non_fw-la sequitur_fw-la motus_fw-la alterius_fw-la unless_o unite_v by_o alligation_n as_o in_o chain_n of_o several_a link_n by_o some_o other_o accidental_a intervention_n as_o in_o the_o cohesion_n of_o distinct_a contiguous_a body_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o vacuity_n as_o in_o polish_a marble_n etc._n etc._n and_o herein_o we_o may_v easy_o observe_v the_o continuity_n of_o water_n take_v a_o siphon_n and_o fill_v it_o with_o water_n stop_v both_o leg_n with_o your_o finger_n till_o the_o short_a leg_n be_v immerse_v into_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n the_o water_n will_v be_v entire_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o vessel_n by_o a_o funiculus_fw-la of_o continue_a water_n ascend_v and_o descend_v from_o the_o first_o immersion_n as_o be_v show_v in_o the_o addition_n to_o the_o nugae_fw-la but_o fill_v the_o siphon_n with_o the_o fine_a powder_n or_o sand_n that_o traction_n will_v never_o follow_v upon_o its_o immersion_n into_o a_o vessel_n of_o the_o same_o or_o the_o like_a sand_n or_o powder_n for_o in_o the_o former_a there_o be_v a_o traction_n by_o the_o continue_a body_n of_o water_n but_o in_o the_o latter_a the_o particle_n be_v solute_a and_o only_o contiguous_a and_o will_v not_o cohere_v but_o give_v we_o the_o proverb_n of_o a_o rope_n of_o sand._n and_o what_o be_v here_o observe_v touch_v the_o continuity_n of_o water_n and_o the_o traction_n wrought_v in_o the_o virtue_n of_o that_o continuity_n be_v observable_a touch_v the_o air_n and_o the_o traction_n wrought_v by_o its_o filament_n as_o appear_v most_o evident_o in_o the_o magdeburg_n hemisphere_n in_o the_o 18_o chapter_n of_o the_o difficiles_fw-la nugae_fw-la and_o in_o the_o raise_n and_o hold_v up_o of_o water_n in_o the_o heat_a tube_n or_o glass_n describe_v in_o the_o 16_o chapter_n which_o can_v never_o be_v effect_v do_v the_o air_n consist_v only_o of_o contiguous_a and_o solute_a particle_n unless_o we_o shall_v dream_v they_o be_v fasten_v together_o by_o hook_n or_o chain_n and_o upon_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v most_o apparent_a that_o neither_o the_o softness_n of_o the_o air_n nor_o its_o easy_a divisibility_n or_o separability_n by_o a_o feather_n or_o a_o cobweb_n nor_o the_o attenuation_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o water_n into_o vapour_n by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v so_o much_o as_o tolerable_a reason_n against_o their_o continuity_n for_o although_o the_o disjunction_n and_o separation_n of_o the_o part_n interrupt_v the_o continuity_n between_o the_o part_n when_o actual_o separate_v yet_o the_o separability_n or_o easiness_n of_o separability_n of_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o shadow_n of_o argument_n against_o their_o continuity_n till_o such_o a_o actual_a separation_n be_v make_v no_o man_n that_o think_v twice_o can_v imagine_v that_o lead_n in_o fusion_n be_v less_o a_o continue_a body_n than_o when_o it_o be_v solid_a or_o that_o gold_n beat_v into_o leaf_n be_v less_o continue_v than_o when_o in_o the_o ingot_n and_o yet_o the_o separability_n of_o its_o part_n much_o more_o facile_a than_o before_o and_o therefore_o the_o fancy_n of_o contiguity_n only_o of_o fluid_a body_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o that_o idolum_fw-la democraticum_fw-la or_o cartesianum_fw-la which_o with_o his_o imaginary_a globuli_fw-la and_o their_o ramenta_fw-la the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la have_v disorder_v man_n sentiment_n as_o in_o many_o other_o thing_n so_o in_o this_o touch_v continuity_n and_o ratio_fw-la continui_fw-la remark_n xiii_o i_o be_o very_a well_o content_v to_o be_v rectify_v touch_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o principium_fw-la hylarchicum_n of_o the_o learned_a remarker_n i_o must_v confess_v when_o i_o find_v so_o much_o of_o a_o spiritual_a nature_n attribute_v to_o it_o and_o that_o great_a and_o ready_a accommodation_n of_o it_o to_o the_o solve_v of_o most_o of_o the_o admirable_a phaenomena_n in_o nature_n whether_o mechanical_a or_o vital_a i_o think_v it_o have_v be_v some_o intelligent_a spirit_n or_o intelligence_n but_o now_o i_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v only_o plastic_a and_o vital_a not_o intelligent_a and_o doubtful_a whether_o sentient_a or_o not_o but_o of_o whatever_o nature_n it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v it_o seem_v necessary_a to_o prove_v its_o very_a existence_n by_o such_o instance_n as_o be_v not_o mere_o mechanical_a otherwise_o i_o fear_v more_o be_v assert_v than_o prove_v remark_n fourteen_o xix_o xx._n in_o these_o remark_n lie_v most_o of_o the_o elixir_n of_o the_o precedent_n remark_n and_o beside_o they_o offer_v at_o somewhat_o of_o experimental_a proof_n of_o what_o they_o assert_v beside_o bare_a notion_n but_o how_o far_o these_o proof_n be_v sufficient_a or_o effectual_a we_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v insist_v somewhat_o large_a upon_o they_o and_o the_o observation_n that_o be_v to_o be_v make_v upon_o they_o archimedes_n in_o his_o three_o proposition_n de_fw-fr insidentibus_fw-la humido_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o if_o solid_a body_n have_v a_o bulk_n or_o mole_n be_v equal_o heavy_a to_o the_o water_n wherein_o they_o be_v place_v be_v let_v down_o into_o the_o water_n be_v so_o immerse_v that_o nothing_o of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n be_v above_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o press_v downward_o and_o in_o the_o six_o proposition_n he_o tell_v that_o a_o solid_a body_n light_a than_o the_o water_n