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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A58319	The urinal of physick By Robert Record Doctor of physick. Whereunto is added an ingenious treatise concerning physicians, apothecaries, and chyrurgians, set forth by a Dr. in Queen Elizabeths dayes. With a translation of Papius Ahalsossa concerning apothecaries confecting their medicines; worthy perusing and following.	Record, Robert, 1510?-1558.; Pape, Joseph, 1558-1622. Tractatus de medicamentorum praeparationibus. English. aut	1651 (1651)	Wing R651; ESTC R221564	102,856	271

vertues have done their office duly FINIS The Safe New Way of examining Urines by Weight first invented and found out by Joannes Baptista Van Helmont that famous Philosopher and Physitian AN Ounce may weigh 600 grains I got a glasse Vessel with a narrow neck weighing 1354 graines but filled with rain Water weighing over 4670 grains The Urine of an old man is found to weigh in the same Vessel 4720 grains or to over-weigh the rain water 50. grains But the Urine of a healthy woman of the age of 55 yeers weighed 4745 grains The Urine of an healthy yong man of 19 yeers of age weighed 4766 grains But the Urine of another yong man of equall yeers being abstinent from drinking weighed 4800 grains And a yong man of 36 yeeres of Age having a sertian with a Cough weighed 4763 grains But the aforesaid yong man of 19. yeers of Age having a double Tertian the night before drunk little but his water weighed 4848 grains which was 82 grains more then when he was in health A Virgin troubled with a passion of the heart made water like rain water and which therefore equally weighed with the rain water The Urine being warm is alwayes found to bee a few grains lighter then when it is cold as also more large Lee therefore the vessel be of a short neck and pointed so that even in a point of time you may measure the Urine To these other Observations may be added by a curious Observer of these Directions specified And it is a farre easier Method then that which by another Author is reduced into Aphorisms by weighing out of the whole man and so judging of his particular estate Turnheiserus also hath invented a new way of judging of Urines in framing a Stillatorie Vessel for urine and distinguishing it into 24. parts and marking it out on the outside with his lines divideth the humane body into so many Sections and then judgeth of them Courteous Reader I Have only inserted these two passages and late inventions that those who are curious Students in this way may in prosecution of these new Discoveries confer the Ancient and Modern Practises together being promised if God please to afford my Friend life and health in a very short space to inlarge these Observations and Novel Inventions into a more full and exact Method In the mean while I shall desire my gentle Reader to take these Offers as they have been presented unto me in as good part as I have freely published them Farewell A DETECTION Of some Faults in Unskilful PHYSITIANS Ignorant and Careless APOTHECARIES and unknowing running CHIRURGIANS Written by a Doctor of Physick in Queen Elizabeths dayes And also a Translation of Papius concerning Apothecaries Usefull for all sorts of People LONDON Printed by G. D. 1651. TO THE READER Courteous Reader AS the Books came to my hands I have presented them faithfully to you If you accept of them I shal account my labour well bestowed intending it for the publike good If otherwise you are offended at him that best owed them on me he desires you would be pleased to present something of your own better may oblige him and others to thank you for it I thought fit lastly to acquaint you that since my fitting of Record this second time for the Presse lighting by the help of a Friend upon these two other Peeces The one A Detection of some faults of unskilful Physitians Ignorant and Covetous Apothecaries and Vnknowing Running Chirurgions Written by a Doctor of Physick in Queen Elizabeths dayes a Book out of Print and almost knowledge I thought fit to put again to the Presse as reproving the too frequent abuses of these times And also a translation of Papius concerning Apothecaries Encouraged the rather since the publishing of that translated or rather transverted Dispensatorie by that Sapientum Octavus Culpepper wherewith I have presented as it came to my hands a cursorie passage by some Well-wisher to that Honourable societie of Physitians prefixed before his translation Intituled The Translator to the Reader Curteous Reader THere is a Book lately put forth against Anthroposophia It is conceived the sum of the whole Book collected from what is scurrilous and unworthy of an Academian may be comprised in little more then a sheet of Paper whereby you may conceive how much the Author burtheneth the Readers patience with superfluous trash He is much troubled with Sendivogius and Anonymus Books I beleeve his capaciy never yet understood and for his being graveld at what is wrote against Aristotle hee will finde it a greater task to answer Basson Gassendus or Van Helmont in what they have taxed him then to write Invectives without discretion Concerning Mr. Culpepper he saith He that looks on a game may see as much into it as he that playes 'T is true if he well knows the game but you have plaid your game with the Physitians and though your Gentilitie be not questioned ingenious men will give you the Epithite of Eques male moratus though not according to Riders interpretation of Eques at Cards You say the Liberty of our Common-wealth is most infringed by three sorts of men Priests Physitians Lawyers the one deceiving men in matters belonging to their souls if your father were a Priest as is related why might not he do so The second in matters belonging to their bodies hardly not more then you by your Dispensatorie The third in matters belonging to their Estates you are reported to dave tryed some other Professions but only fasten on the Rayler Physitians you say walke in the clouds and that 's the reason men are led by the noses 'T is strange men in the clouds should lead men below by the noses but you have as visible a piercing eye to see that as you have into Physick But they are led by a company of proud insulting domineering Doctors whose Wits were born five hundred yeeres before themselves 'T is a pretty riddle a mans wit should antecede him five hundred yeers If your own went but half so long before you I should beleeve they would hardly gallop up to one another and you scarcely wiser in five hundred yeers subsequent But some have wasted whole Estates in Physick it hath certainly been with such wise Aesculapians as your self though I scarce beleeve any wiseman would fool out a groat on your judgement It is unhansome and unbeseeming you say to see a Doctor ride instate in Plush with a foot-cloth envie not their merits When a Traslator may be trusted with his own government and writes any thing Dignum bono viro he will be commended servum Reipublicae but they dare not visit a visited house not for that they fear themselves but because they would not fear others whose lives may be in as great danger But you think you have paid them with two Proverbiall Verses when the Patients ingratitude when they are restored may rather keep them away according to this Verse 1. Angelus

declare that nature hath begun to concoct alreadie notwithstanding it is an evill urine for it signifieth that nature hath need not only of great strength to perform that concoction which she hath begun but also that there is required long time to the performance of the same For the which cause Galeu calleth this Of all Vrines the worst Thus have you heard touching crudity and concoction what thin urine doth signifie so that all thin urine betokeneth crudity And beside that doth further betoken as witnesseth Hypocrates gatherings or apostumations stumations in the nether parts of the bodie namely if it continue so very long and the patient escape death Thin and white Furthermore if such thin urine have with it a light whiteness it is a very evill sign For if it be in a burning ague it is a token of frensines But if the patient be fransick alreadie and the urine doth so continue it doth most commonly betoken death And if the escape death the which is seldome scen then shall he be long sick and escape hardly Thin urine also betokeneth divers other things as the stopping of the reins and of the water veins And likewise if a man have had much bleeding or laxe or pissing his urine will be white and thin and almost without ground Like manner in old age and long weakness of sickness Also in young children if it continue long it is a deadly sign Yet thin urine doth sometime betoken the end of sickness and recovery of health as in Agues namely quotidians if at the beginning of them and so after the urine did appear thick and troubled and especially if the colour amend therewith Thin and flaxen And if it be thin substance and of flaxen colour then is it better then thin and white for because the colour is better though the substance bee all one so that though it betoken some weakness and lack of concoction yet not so much as doth the other for the colour is meanly concoct that is to say naturall heat is meanly increased Thin and golden But if it be thin and golden it is yet more better then thin and flaxen for the colour is more exact and this betokeneth concoction half compleat for that which it lacketh in substance it hath in colour Thin and saffron After this is there thin and saffron coloured which betokeneth first lack of concoction and beside that default of nourishment as in a young man that fasteth long And sometime it betokeneth that excess of heat in the inner parts of the body doth cause cholerick humours to abound as in the fever tertian Beside all this it betokeneth thought carefulness and watching and also overmuch labour and taking of heat in the Sun And thus have you heard the significations of thin urine both alone and also with such colours as it can be coupled Now shall you hear what thick urine doth betoken both alone and also with such divers colours as it may be coupled Thick urine which is so I mean when it is first made either it doth continue still thick Thick or else it doth settle and waxe clear If it continue still thick it betokeneth that that disturbance which was in the blond that is to say the rage of sicknesse doth still continue strongly and that naturall strength is but weak This urine is not so good as that which doth settle and waxe cleer For that doth betoken that the disease shal shortly be overcome howbeit there remaineth yet somewhat of that distemperate trouble in the blood yet nature hath the over-hand and expelleth the matter of the grief and therefore is such a urine called good but yet it betokeneth some lack of concoction though not so much as that which continueth troubled and thick still Also thick urine if it be exceeding thick doth betoken death as Hypocrates saith And the urine that is thick and troubled like beasts urine doth betoken head ach either present already or shortly after to come If thick urine appeare in an ague where thin urine went before it betokeneth that the sickness will abate straight waies for it declareth that nature hath overcome the matter of the sickness but if it appear thick at the beginning of the ague and do not waxe thin in process of time it betokeneth plenty of matter and weakness of nature so that there is fear lest nature should be overcome except the colour do amend Thick urine also betokeneth opennesse of the water pipes and reins Thick and white And if it bee thick and white it betokeneth great plenty of raw humours and sundry kinds of flegm to be gathered in the bodies and betokeneth also namely if it be much that those gatherings which might be looked for in sore agues shall not ensue for the matter which should cause them deparreth out by urine but the whiteness of this urine is bright as snow For if it be somewhat darker like the whiteness of milk it is a token of the stone either in the bladder or reins namely if such urine chance in the end and amending of sickness But if the colour of it be grey it betokeneth not only plenty of matter in the body but also that the whole body is possessed with a dangerous sickness whereof oftentimes it chanceth the patient to break out with blisters and heat in his skin Thick and claret Next after this followeth thick claret colour for flaxen yellow nor saffron colour doth not agree with thick urine and it doth signifie that the disease shall continue long specially if the ground of it be also of claret colour But yet this disease without perill of death Thick and red Thick urine if it be red coloured doth betoken abundance of blood as is seen in continuall Agues and in all perillous Agues as witnesseth Theophylus If this water come by little and little it is an evill token for it doth alwaies declare danger And if that sort of urine in such Agues do waxe trouble so that there come with it deafness of hearing and ach of the head with pain in the neck and in the sides of the belly it betokeneth that the Patient shall have the falling evill within a seven night Thick and crimson And if a thick urine have a crimson colour If it bee burning Agues and the Patient then have the headach it betokeneth that a chief criticall sign either is then present or else night at hand Thick and blew But if the urine be thick and blew coloured it signifieth diversly as the persons are that made it For in them that are in way of recovery it betokeneth that the shall escape their grief It signifieth also pain in the water-pipes or else that the party hath runn much And if it appear such in old men and that continue long it declareth not only that the bladder is infected with evill humours but commonly also that he shall be rid of them But if it come after

scabs and hot pushes Also it stayeth fretting sores namely on the privie members Furthermore it stincheth mattering eares if it be dropped thereinto and if it be sod in the rind of a Pomegranate it expelleth worms out of the ears Childes urine The urine of a child under 14. yeers of age doth cure the toughness of breath if it bee drunken If it be sod in a brazen vessell with honey it healeth creythes and also the web and the tey in the eie There is made of it and copper good soulder for gold Dregs of urine The dregs of urine is good for Saint Anthonies evill if it be nointed thereon so that as Galen doth wisely add the sore be cooled first with some other thing and bee not burning If it be heated with oyle of privet and laid to the womb of a woman it will asswage the grief of the mother and cureth also the rising of the same It cleanseth the eie-lids and the creythes in the eyes Oxe stale Oxe stale being tempered with myrrh and dropped into sore eares healeth the pain of them The urine of a wild Bore Wild bore is of the same vertue if it be kept as Sextus Platonicus writeth in a glasse and dropped warm into them but it hath a more peculiar property in breaking of the stone and to expell the same if it be drunke Goats urine Goats urine drunke every day with Spikenard and three ounces of water is good for the dropsie for it expelleth urine by the sege and it cureth pain of the ears if it be dropped into them Asse pisse Asse pisse as it is written is good for the grief of the reins if it be drunke Mules stale Mules stale as Paulus Aegineta saith is good to heal pain in the joynts Camels and goats stale The stale of Camels and Goats also doth provoke sege and therefore is good for them that have the dropsie Sextus Platonicus Sextus Platonicus saith That Goats urine if it be drunke doth provoke womans terms and cureth pain in the eares being droped into them and being mixed with mulset wine Paulus Aegineta and so dropped into the eares it draweth out matter if there be any Wild Bore The urine of the wild Bore with mulset vineger is good for the falling evill if it be drunke Dogs pisse A Dogs piss tempered with dust and laid in wool will heal corns marveilously and destroy warts Childes urine A childs urine will heal the stinging of a Bee Waspe and Hornet if the place bee washed therewith Mans urine A mans urine will cleanse the freckles and spots in the face And if a woman cannot be delivered of the after burden let her drinke mans urine and she shall be delivered straight Collumella saith that the best dunging for yong shots of trees Collumella is mans urine namely which hath stood half a yeer For if you water vines or apple-trees with it there is no dung that will cause so much fruit as it will doe and not only that but it causeth also the savour and the taste both of the apples Sheeps urin and of the wine to be much the better Constantinus Affricanus saith That the urine of a Sheep Constantinus Affricanus or an Oxe with some hot oil is good for the grief in the cars that cometh of cold Urine as Vitalis de Furno saith fretteth Vitalis dryeth and burneth and is good for the grief of the spleen if it be drunk as Gontilis writeth Asse stale The Urine of a male Asse as the same Vitalis saith tempered with Nardus doth increase and preserve hair And as some say by the writing of Marcellus Virgilius Vrine is of no smal nourishment M. Virgilius for divers folk in the time of dearth have been preserved by the onely use and drinking of it Also Marcellus the Practitioner Marcellus in the 27. Chapter doth witnesse That the Vrine of a man is good for divers diseases of the wombe and bowels and namely for the Collick because that partly with provoking of vomit and partly by occasion of seges it expelleth strongly all noysome humours and for the same cause doth common Practitioners keep it still in daily use Vldericus Huttenus Vlderick Hutten also witnesseth That he did drive away the Ague above 8. times with the only drinking of his own Vrine at the beginning of his sickness And many still doe use the same practise and it proveth well Marsilius Ficinus Likewise Marsilius Ficinus writeth that Many men doe use to drink urine for the Pestilence which thing did Galen write long before him and also Paulus Aegineta and doe testifie also that it preserved them that dranke it a the least way as they thought All urine as Galen writeth is hot in vertue Galen and sharp as saith Aegineta howbeit it differeth according to them that make it For the hotter they are that make it the hotter is it also and likewise the colder urine comet h of a colder body Mens urine is the weakest of all other except tame barrow hoggs for they in very many points agree with man but the urine of wild Bores is stronger Mans urine Mens urine is of as strong cleansing vertue as any thing else and therefore doe Fullers use it to scoure and cleanse their cloth And in cure of grief s also for the same reason it is used to soke and wash maunginess and scabbedness and running sores that are full of corruption and filth and specially if they have in them putrified matter and for such sores on the privie members it is good and for mattering eares and for scales and scurf if the head be washed in it I have healed with it many times sores on the toes namely which came of bruises and were without inflammation and that in servants and husbandmen which had a journey to goe and no Physitian with them bidding them to wet a small clout with it and to put into the sores and then to bind a cloth about it and as often as they listed to make water to let it fall on their sore toes and not to take the cloth away till it were quite whole That medicine which is made of childes urine called of some men in Greek Chrisocola Chrysocola that is to say gold soulder because men use to soulder gold This I say is exceeding good for sores that are hard to heal For this medicine doe I use for the chiefest mixing it with such other things as are good for such like sores In the time of Pestilence in Syria many did drinke Childrens urine and mens also and thought that they were preserved by it Of urine also do Alchumysts make divers things Alchumists as salt and other things moe And many other commodities there bee of urine as for washing and scouring and other like which for briefness I over-passe and the rather because they are commonly

so many different species or sorts which is directed for diseases which are most different in causes and in kindes Seeing this Medicine consisteth for the greatest part of hot things and heat may be increased in distillation with so frequent and so much fire it ought to be most hot how then can it be profitable to some hot causes of these diseases How can the strength which is placed in the earthy matter and in the temperaments of the said Medicines these being destroyed remain all the rest being removed and taken away Besides his manner preparation is full of vanities and deceits why are the first spirits distinctly taken when afterward they are to be mixed what need is there to pour forth the spirits upon the lees or dregs prest out or calcined the spirits being lifted up if the oyle bee not carried together with them How only doth that and that which is pure ascend afterward what have honey and sugar here to doe To a dry destillation sublimation also belongeth for it is done after the same manner by sand when the most thin earthie matter of Sulphur Salt Antimonie green rust of Brasse and Stibium is elevated by a strong fire till it stick to the sides of the Still like a most thin pouder I distill I say of Brimstone least all the earthy matter may not be lifted up and of Vitriol calcined and salt poured forth that all the waterie humour may be taken away of each equall parts and I increase the fire more and more whilst almost all the Sulphur ascendeth when it cooleth again I add again to the Sulphur sublimed taken away of the said Vitriol and Salt of each equall parts and in the like manner or reason distill it Almost after the same manner are flowers of Stibium made but that to the correcting of his virulency and least he should inflame in calcination Salt-peter and Tartar is added these being together set on fire are calcined in an earthen vessell that the poyson may exhale away what is calcined we wash with water to diminish and lessen the virulency let what is washed be melted and the melted powdered and elevated in a smal sublimatory for it ascends slow and heavily By the like reason from Quick-silver to which re-purged by Oxalmen aqua fortis made of vitriall and Salt-peter is added afterward aqua fortis again by distilling is drawn away that is thrice poured on with aqua fortis then to the Mercury beaten Spirit of vitrial is poured that so for the space of 24 hours the Spirits may exhale at a strong fire Lastly I digest that Powder either in Spirit of Wine upon Sand in a bilnd Limbech and to these poured out put on others and do so thrice that I may have the precipitate or else I increase the fire in a small sublimatory underneath till the glasse is fired or heated with a purple brightnes and a citrine or red flowers ascend and so I have the sublimate upon which I poure the Spirit of Wine and after take them away by distillation the distillation being thrice repeated Here I pray observe Reader 1. That an actuall humidity is taken from Mercury by exhalation whose cause is fire which actuatech the exhalation and aqua fortis which by the simpathy it hath with Mercury by reason of the original humidity receiving the fire into it selfe otherwise avoyding this enemy of Mercurie cury detaineth the Mercury in the fire and by this meanes taketh away his actuall coldness and moistness by exhalation of his actuall humour so that the moist remaining parts which are in him are more exactly mixed with his earthy matter by which mixture and insinuation of fire into Mercury it taketh his strong sharpness and caustick power 2. That Mercury by interveniency of aqua fortis receives the fire into it selfe is manifest from his colour first white and then yellow with redness 3. But whether from Mercury and Antimony his venenosity from Sulphur his sharpness by this or the like manner may be diminished or taken away experience will teach thee the contrary therefore take none of them into your bodie whatsoever preparation be made of them and beleeve not Quercetan whose primary Chymick Medicines are Mercuric Antimonie and Minerall Spirits 4. That the drying cause ceasing Mercurie returneth to his former humiditie is the chiefest argument that that should be numbred amongst the mettals but in all his nature it is contrary to mettals although it doth very much counterfeit a simpathie Since from heat and Aqua fortis it may be reduced into powder but reduced into liquor from these Mettals offer violence unto mettall when it is mixed with those melted For it maketh those soft which naturally ought to be hard 7. Extraction properly so called is a separation of a most subtile earthie and oylie matter if there be any in it with his faculty or strength by Infusion Expression and Distillation as well as from his thicker earthy matter as well as from his moist waterie the spirits for the most part exhaling together For by Infusion and Expression the most pure earthy and oylie matter is communicated to the liquor and the thicker separated By distillation the waterie humour is separated to the consistence of honie or new-wine sodden to the consumption of the third part and the remaining matter is exactly mingled in boyling although those extracts which want oyle nor were infused in spirit of wine are afterward dryed altogether in the heat for preventing putrefaction from whence the strength of the Medicine is greater in a small portion then in a great whilest as yet the thicker matter and the liquor are joyned together Quercetan biddeth that the matter yet warme if it be oylie as it is in Guiacum wood and Sassafras and Juniper Barke bee poured forth into a glasse dish or platter full of Water for coagulation sake but that is all on whether it be done or intermitted for it is nothing available for Physick intentions To Extraction chiefly are requisite and fit simple and compound Medicines bruised in peeces that the liquor may more easily penetrate which have their strength especially placed in the earthy matter such as are those chiefly which are of a strong smell and raste and most part purging From liquors 1. water water distilled of the same kinde or which are serviceable for the Physicall intention 2. Wine and Spirit of Wine These truly more penetrating the matter and by mingling themselves with the most subtile parts sooner draw forth the strength and longer bear the stay or continuance of the Infusion without Putrefaction but worke it so that the Extract may better agree with hot temperament or diseases because the Spirits are rather carried upward then downward It is fit and convenient that Infusion and Meceration should be made in Balneo in a Vessel most carefully stopt that nothing may breath out that by help of the actuall heat the humour may penetrate the more and imbibe the facultie The