signification_n 31._o p._n 31._o i._n e._n figurative_o and_o some_o in_o propriety_n a_o true_a thing_n and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o christ_n be_v bear_v of_o a_o maid_n suffer_v death_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n he_o be_v call_v bread_n by_o signification_n i._n e._n figurative_o but_o christ_n be_v not_o so_o in_o true_a nature_n neither_o bread_n etc._n etc._n p._n 32._o true_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o through_o the_o mass_n of_o the_o priest_n be_v hallow_v show_v one_o thing_n outward_o to_o human_a sense_n and_o another_o thing_n they_o inward_o call_v to_o believe_a mind_n clypâ—aþ_n clypâ—aþ_n outward_o they_o appear_v bread_n and_o wine_n both_o in_o figure_n and_o in_o taste_n and_o they_o be_v true_o after_o their_o hallow_v christ_n body_n and_o blood_n through_o ghostly_a mystery_n p._n 33._o so_o the_o holy_a font-water_n which_o be_v call_v the_o wellspring_n of_o life_n be_v like_a in_o shape_n to_o other_o water_n and_o subject_a to_o corruption_n but_o the_o holy_a ghost_n might_n come_v to_o the_o corruptible_a water_n through_o the_o priest_n blessing_n and_o it_o may_v afterward_o wash_v the_o body_n and_o soul_n from_o all_o sin_n through_o ghostly_a might_n behold_v now_o we_o see_v two_o thing_n in_o this_o one_o creature_n after_o true_a nature_n that_o water_n be_v corruptible_a moisture_n and_o after_o ghostly_a mystery_n have_v hallow_v might_n so_o also_o if_o we_o behold_v the_o holy_a housel_n or_o sacrament_n after_o bodily_a sense_n than_o we_o see_v that_o it_o be_v a_o creature_n corruptible_fw-fr and_o mutable_a if_o we_o acknowledge_v therein_o ghostly_a might_n then_o understand_v we_o that_o life_n be_v therein_o and_o that_o it_o give_v immortality_n to_o they_o that_o eat_v it_o with_o faith._n p._n 35._o much_o difference_n be_v betwixt_o the_o body_n in_o which_o christ_n suffer_v and_o the_o body_n which_o be_v hallow_v to_o housel_n the_o body_n true_o in_o which_o christ_n suffer_v be_v bear_v of_o the_o flesh_n of_o mary_n with_o blood_n with_o bone_n with_o skin_n with_o sinew_n with_o human_a limb_n and_o with_o a_o reasonable_a soul_n live_v and_o his_o ghostly_a body_n which_o we_o call_v the_o housel_n 36._o p._n 36._o be_v gather_v of_o many_o corn_n without_o blood_n and_o bone_n without_o limb_n and_o without_o soul_n whatsoever_o be_v in_o that_o housel_n that_o give_v the_o substance_n of_o life_n that_o be_v of_o the_o ghostly_a might_n and_o invisible_a operation_n and_o therefore_o be_v the_o holy_a housel_n call_v a_o mystery_n because_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n in_o it_o see_v and_o another_o thing_n understand_v p._n 37._o certain_o christ_n body_n in_o which_o he_o suffer_v death_n and_o rise_v again_o from_o death_n never_o die_v henceforth_o but_o be_v eternal_a and_o impassable_a but_o that_o housel_n be_v temporal_a not_o eternal_a corruptible_a and_o divide_v into_o several_a part_n chew_v betwixt_o the_o tooth_n and_o send_v into_o the_o belly_n p._n 38._o this_o mystery_n be_v a_o pledge_n and_o a_o speech_n a_o a_o hippolito_n and_o not_o as_o above_o getacnunge_n which_o be_v a_o figure_n in_o speech_n figure_n christ_n body_n be_v the_o truth_n itself_o this_o pledge_n we_o keep_v mystical_o until_o we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o fuscipitur_fw-la p._n 68_o quod_fw-la dente_fw-la premitur_fw-la fauce_fw-la glutitur_fw-la quod_fw-la receptaculo_fw-la ventris_fw-la fuscipitur_fw-la truth_n itself_o then_o be_v that_o pledge_v end_v true_o it_o be_v so_o as_o we_o say_v before_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n not_o bodily_a but_o ghostly_a see_v p._n 35._o you_o shall_v not_o search_v how_o it_o be_v do_v but_o hold_v in_o faith_n that_o it_o be_v so_o do_v p._n 43._o we_o say_v to_o you_o erewhile_o that_o christ_n hallow_a bread_n and_o wine_n to_o housel_n before_o his_o suffer_v and_o say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n and_o my_o blood._n he_o have_v not_o suffer_v as_o yet_o he_o turn_v through_o invisible_a might_n that_o bread_n to_o his_o own_o body_n and_o that_o wine_n to_o his_o own_o blood_n as_o former_o he_o do_v in_o the_o wilderness_n before_o that_o he_o be_v bear_v to_o man_n when_o he_o turn_v that_o heavenly_a meat_n to_o his_o flesh_n and_o that_o water_n flow_v from_o the_o rock_n to_o his_o own_o blood._n that_o which_o next_o follow_v be_v a_o quotation_n out_o of_o st._n augustine_n which_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o elfrick_n take_v from_o bertram_n and_o not_o at_o first_o hand_n from_o that_o father_n p._n 44._o moses_n and_o aaron_n and_o many_o other_o of_o that_o people_n which_o please_v god_n eat_v that_o heavenly_a bread_n and_o they_o die_v not_o that_o everlasting_a death_n though_o they_o die_v the_o common_a death_n they_o see_v that_o the_o heavenly_a meat_n viz._n manna_n be_v visible_a and_o corruptible_a and_o they_o understand_v somewhat_o spiritual_a by_o that_o visible_a thing_n and_o spiritual_o receive_v it_o p._n 46._o once_o christ_n suffer_v in_o himself_o and_o yet_o nevertheless_o his_o suffering_n be_v daily_o renew_v through_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o holy_a housel_n at_o the_o holy_a mass_n p._n 47._o we_o ought_v also_o to_o consider_v diligent_o how_o this_o holy_a housel_n be_v both_o christ_n body_n and_o the_o body_n of_o all_o faithful_a man_n after_o ghostly_a mystery_n as_o wise_a augustine_n say_v if_o you_o will_v understand_v of_o christ_n body_n hear_v the_o apostle_n paul_n thus_o speak_v you_o true_o be_v christ_n body_n and_o his_o member_n now_o be_v your_o mystery_n set_v on_o god_n table_n and_o you_o receive_v your_o mystery_n 48._o p._n 48._o which_o mystery_n you_o be_v yourselves_o be_v that_o which_o you_o see_v on_o the_o altar_n and_o receive_v that_o which_o yourselves_o be_v and_o again_o st._n paul_n say_v we_o many_o be_v one_o bread_n and_o one_o body_n scripture_n body_n body_n i_o e._n cannon_n ecclesiastical_a not_o the_o holy_a scripture_n holy_a book_n command_v that_o water_n be_v mingle_v with_o wine_n which_o shall_v be_v for_o housel_n because_o the_o water_n signify_v the_o people_n and_o the_o wine_n christ_n blood_n therefore_o shall_v not_o the_o one_o without_o the_o other_o be_v offer_v at_o the_o holy_a mass_n that_o christ_n may_v be_v with_o we_o and_o we_o with_o christ_n the_o head_n with_o the_o limb_n and_o the_o limb_n with_o the_o head._n p._n 51._o and_o after_o these_o word_n our_o homilist_n resume_v his_o former_a discourse_n of_o the_o paschal_n lamb._n thus_o have_v i_o at_o large_a set_v down_o in_o parallel_n the_o passage_n of_o that_o saxon_a homily_n take_v out_o of_o bertram_n the_o homily_n the_o see_v the_o preface_n of_o the_o homily_n sermon_n be_v original_o latin_n which_o elfrick_n translate_v into_o saxon_n whether_o he_o be_v the_o compiler_n in_o latin_a i_o can_v be_v positive_a but_o it_o seem_v the_o succeed_a age_n will_v not_o bear_v this_o doctrine_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o latin_a be_v utter_o lose_v either_o be_v wilful_o make_v away_o or_o the_o governor_n of_o our_o church_n not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o transcribe_v and_o propagate_v what_o after_o the_o condemnation_n of_o berengarius_fw-la and_o the_o promotion_n of_o his_o great_a adversary_n lanfranc_n to_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o canterbury_n be_v general_o repute_v heresy_n but_o through_o the_o wonderful_a good_a providence_n of_o god_n the_o whole_a be_v preserve_v in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n which_o few_o understand_v by_o this_o account_n of_o that_o homily_n you_o learn_v two_o thing_n and_o a_o three_o observation_n i_o shall_v add_v 1._o that_o bertram_n book_n be_v neither_o forge_v by_o oecolampadius_n nor_o yet_o deprave_v by_o berengarius_fw-la or_o wiclef_n his_o disciple_n since_o the_o most_o express_a passage_n against_o the_o popish_a real_a presence_n be_v read_v in_o that_o homily_n 70_o or_o 80_o year_n before_o berengarius_fw-la make_v any_o noise_n in_o the_o world._n 2._o what_o i_o design_n to_o insist_v upon_o more_o large_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o this_o discourse_n viz._n that_o ratramnus_n or_o bertram_n stand_v not_o alone_o but_o have_v other_o of_o the_o same_o judgement_n with_o he_o in_o the_o ix_o and_o x_o century_n and_o that_o paschasius_fw-la his_o doctrine_n have_v not_o receive_v as_o yet_o the_o stamp_n of_o public_a authority_n either_o by_o any_o pope_n or_o counsel_n confirmation_n 3._o nevertheless_o this_o carnal_a doctrine_n of_o paschasius_fw-la do_v daily_o get_v ground_n in_o that_o obscure_a and_o ignorant_a age_n next_o that_o he_o live_v in_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o some_o passage_n in_o this_o homily_n which_o i_o have_v not_o recite_v because_o they_o be_v not_o in_o bertram_n the_o absurd_a consequence_n of_o that_o error_n for_o instance_n p._n 39_o and_o 40_o there_o be_v two_o miracle_n insert_v to_o prove_v the_o carnal_a presence_n contrary_a to_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o whole_a discourse_n and_o the_o one_o contrary_a to_o their_o
in_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o be_v the_o essence_n the_o substance_n and_o the_o signification_n to_o which_o they_o stand_v oppose_v this_o i_o shall_v make_v very_o plain_a from_o two_o or_o three_o authority_n of_o st._n austin_n 22._o austin_n quoniam_fw-la signa_fw-la sunt_fw-la rerum_fw-la aliud_fw-la existentia_fw-la &_o aliud_fw-la significantia_fw-la aug._n contra_fw-la maximin_n l._n 3._o c._n 22._o speak_v of_o sacrament_n he_o say_v that_o they_o be_v sign_n of_o thing_n which_o sign_n be_v one_o thing_n and_o signify_v another_o there_o existence_n or_o be_v and_o signify_v be_v oppose_v again_o 57_o again_o hinc_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la petra_n erat_fw-la christus_fw-la non_fw-la enim_fw-la dixit_fw-la petra_n significat_fw-la christum_fw-la sed_fw-la tanquam_fw-la hoc_fw-la esset_fw-la quod_fw-la utique_fw-la per_fw-la substantiam_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la erat_fw-la sed_fw-la per_fw-la significationem_fw-la aug._n quaest_n super_fw-la levit._fw-la 57_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v that_o rock_n be_v christ_n he_o do_v not_o say_v it_o signify_v christ_n as_o though_o it_o have_v be_v what_o indeed_o it_o be_v not_o in_o substance_n but_o in_o signification_n what_o ratram_n call_v species_n st._n augustin_n call_v substance_n and_o if_o any_o doubt_v it_o i_o hope_v to_o satisfy_v he_o by_o a_o three_o authority_n where_o affirm_v that_o the_o father_n and_o we_o have_v the_o same_o spiritual_a meat_n and_o drink_n he_o explain_v himself_o in_o what_o sense_n he_o call_v it_o the_o same_o joan._n same_o idem_fw-la itaque_fw-la in_o mysterio_fw-la cibus_fw-la &_o potus_fw-la illorum_fw-la qui_fw-la noster_fw-la sed_fw-la significatione_n idem_fw-la non_fw-la specie_fw-la aug._n in_o ps_n 77._o aliud_fw-la illi_fw-la aliud_fw-la nos_fw-la sed_fw-la specie_fw-la visibili_fw-la quod_fw-la tamen_fw-la hoc_fw-la idem_fw-la significaret_fw-la virtute_fw-la spirituali_fw-la n._n 78._o ex_fw-la tract_n 26._o in_o joan._n viz._n the_o same_o in_o signification_n not_o in_o specie_fw-la or_o substance_n and_o to_o these_o i_o may_v add_v the_o testimony_n cite_v by_o ratram_n n._n 78._o where_o he_o state_v the_o difference_n in_o the_o same_o term_n now_o by_o this_o we_o may_v understand_v what_o he_o mean_v when_o above_o n._n 54._o 54._o 54._o panis_n &_o vinum_fw-la prius_fw-la extitere_fw-la in_fw-la qua_fw-la etiam_fw-la specie_fw-la jam_fw-la consecrata_fw-la permanere_fw-la videntur_fw-la n._n 54._o he_o say_v that_o bread_n and_o wine_n continue_v in_o the_o same_o species_n that_o be_v specific_a nature_n after_o consecration_n which_o they_o have_v before_o though_o that_o place_n be_v clear_a enough_o without_o borrow_a light_n hence_o for_o what_o be_v here_o call_v species_n be_v in_o the_o sentence_n immediate_o precede_v call_v etc._n call_v nam_fw-la secundum_fw-la creaturarum_fw-la substantiam_fw-la quod_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la ante_fw-la consecrationem_fw-la hoc_fw-la &_o postea_fw-la consistunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o substance_n of_o the_o creature_n so_o that_o species_n here_o be_v what_o ratram_n in_o a_o place_n before_o cite_v out_o of_o another_o work_n of_o he_o 2._o he_o in_o substantiae_fw-la suae_fw-la specie_fw-la ratr._fw-la de_fw-fr praed_n lib._n 2._o call_v the_o species_n of_o its_o substance_n and_o as_o in_o this_o tract_n by_o the_o specifica_fw-la the_o corpus_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la semel_fw-la passus_fw-la est_fw-la christus_fw-la non_fw-la aliam_fw-la speciem_fw-la praeferebat_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o qua_fw-la consistebat_fw-la n._n 69._o id_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la eam_fw-la speciem_fw-la in_o qua_fw-la consistebat_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la natura_fw-la specifica_fw-la species_n in_o which_o christ_n natural_a body_n consist_v he_o mean_v a_o real_a humane_a body_n so_o in_o this_o place_n n._n 54._o where_o he_o say_v the_o consecrate_a element_n be_v bread_n and_o wine_n before_o and_o consist_v or_o remain_v in_o the_o same_o species_n after_o consecration_n he_o must_v necessary_o mean_v that_o they_o continue_v real_a bread_n and_o wine_n there_o be_v other_o passage_n where_o the_o 56._o the_o intelliges_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la in_o specie_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o virtute_fw-la corpus_fw-la &_o sanguis_fw-la christi_fw-la existunt_fw-la quae_fw-la cernuntur_fw-la n._n 56._o species_n and_o virtue_n and_o the_o corporeal_a spiritualem_fw-la corporeal_a n._n 93_o 94._o speciem_fw-la corporalem_fw-la &_o fructum_fw-la spiritualem_fw-la species_n and_o spiritual_a fruit_n stand_v oppose_v which_o will_v illustrate_v this_o matter_n which_o i_o pass_v over_o that_o i_o be_v not_o tedious_a to_o the_o reader_n and_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o if_o in_o the_o nine_o and_o ten_o century_n species_n have_v bear_v m._n boileau_n sense_n and_o our_o saxon_a ancestor_n have_v believe_v nothing_o but_o the_o appearance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n to_o remain_v it_o have_v be_v of_o great_a moment_n careful_o to_o have_v express_v it_o in_o those_o very_a term_n in_o translate_n the_o 72_o paragraph_n of_o bertram_n where_o he_o say_v the_o spiritual_a body_n of_o christ_n as_o to_o the_o species_n it_o outward_o bear_v be_v make_v of_o several_a grain_n of_o wheat_n by_o the_o baker_n hand_n etc._n etc._n whereas_o aelfric_n in_o render_v that_o place_n omit_v the_o word_n 36._o word_n see_v the_o saxon_a hom._n fol._n 35_o 36._o secundum_fw-la speciem_fw-la quam_fw-la gerit_fw-la exterius_fw-la and_o say_v without_o any_o such_o restriction_n or_o limit_v exposition_n that_o christ_n spiritual_a body_n which_o we_o call_v the_o housel_n be_v gather_v of_o many_o corn_n blood_n corn_n buton_n blood_n without_o blood_n etc._n etc._n where_o by_o the_o way_n also_o observe_v that_o our_o saxon_a ancestor_n hold_v not_o the_o doctrine_n of_o that_o concomitance_n which_o be_v devise_v since_o to_o justify_v the_o sacrilegious_a practice_n of_o deprive_v the_o people_n of_o the_o cup._n i_o shall_v now_o consider_v in_o what_o sense_n the_o word_n species_n be_v use_v by_o other_o ecclesiastical_a writer_n i_o will_v begin_v with_o tertullian_n the_o most_o ancient_a of_o the_o latin_a father_n who_o expound_v the_o word_n species_n by_o res_n and_o veritas_fw-la for_o instance_n 43._o instance_n per_fw-la fidem_fw-la incedentes_fw-la non_fw-la per_fw-la speciem_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la spe_fw-la non_fw-la re_fw-mi tertul._n deâ—res_v carn_n c._n 43._o walk_v by_o faith_n and_o not_o by_o species_n that_o be_v say_v he_o in_o hope_n and_o not_o in_o fruition_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o elsewhere_o have_v occasion_n to_o quote_v numb_a 12.8_o in_o which_o place_n god_n express_v his_o extraordinary_a favour_n to_o moses_n and_o promise_v to_o admit_v he_o to_o more_o familiar_a conversation_n with_o himself_o than_o he_o will_v other_o prophet_n he_o thus_o gloss_v upon_o the_o word_n erat_fw-la word_n os_fw-la ad_fw-la os_fw-la loquar_fw-la illi_fw-la in_o specie_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la in_fw-la veritate_fw-la &_o none_o in_o aenigmate_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la in_o imagine_v adu._n praxeam_n c._n 14._o vide_fw-la etiam_fw-la contra_fw-la martion_n l._n 4._o c._n 22._o in_o specie_fw-la utique_fw-la hominis_fw-la quam_fw-la gesturus_fw-la erat_fw-la to_o he_o will_v i_o speak_v mouth_n to_o mouth_n in_o specie_fw-la that_o be_v in_o truth_n and_o not_o enigmatical_o that_o be_v in_o a_o image_n likewise_o origen_n or_o some_o appellatur_fw-la some_o hoc_fw-la liquet_fw-la ex_fw-la hom._n 18._o ubi_fw-la haec_fw-la leguntur_fw-la in_o libro_fw-la qui_fw-la apud_fw-la nos_fw-la quidem_fw-la inter_fw-la salomonis_fw-la volumina_fw-la haberi_fw-la solet_fw-la &_o ecclesiasticus_fw-la dici_fw-la apud_fw-la graecos_n vero_fw-la sapientia_fw-la jesus_n silij_fw-la sirach_n appellatur_fw-la latin_a writer_n who_o homily_n on_o the_o book_n of_o number_n be_v find_v among_o origen_n work_v expound_v the_o same_o place_n do_v at_o least_o ten_o time_n over_o make_v species_n to_o import_v truth_n and_o aenigma_fw-la the_o type_n or_o figure_n hereof_o take_v these_o instance_n numeros_fw-la instance_n lex_fw-la dei_fw-la jam_fw-la non_fw-la in_o figuris_fw-la &_o in_fw-la imaginibus_fw-la sicut_fw-la prius_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o ipsa_fw-la specie_fw-la veritatis_fw-la agnoscitur_fw-la et_fw-la quae_fw-la prius_fw-la in_o aenigmate_fw-la designabant_fw-la nunc_fw-la in_o specie_fw-la &_o veritate_fw-la complentur_fw-la origen_n hom._n vii_o in_o numeros_fw-la those_o thing_n which_o be_v former_o design_v in_o the_o way_n of_o a_o image_n be_v now_o fulfil_v in_o reality_n and_o truth_n and_o again_o ibid._n again_o vides_fw-la quomodo_fw-la aenigmata_fw-la legis_fw-la paulus_n absolvit_fw-la &_o species_n aenigmatum_fw-la docet_fw-la ibid._n you_o see_v how_o paul_n clear_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o law_n and_o teach_v the_o thing_n signify_v by_o those_o figure_n ibid._n figure_n antea_fw-la in_o aenigmate_fw-la fuit_fw-la baptismus_fw-la in_o nube_fw-la &_o in_fw-la mari_fw-fr nunc_fw-la autem_fw-la in_o specie_fw-la regeneratio_fw-la est_fw-la in_o aqua_fw-la &_o in_fw-la spiritu_fw-la sancto_fw-it ibid._n ancient_o there_o be_v a_o figurative_a baptism_n in_o the_o cloud_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n now_o there_o be_v true_a regeneration_n in_o water_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n in_o all_o the_o forementioned_a instance_n the_o word_n species_n do_v import_v the_o very_a thing_n the_o reality_n the_o truth_n and_o not_o the_o
this_o author_n and_o work_n that_o he_o do_v in_o his_o paper_n give_v in_o to_o queen_n mary_n commissioner_n at_o oxford_n beside_o his_o own_o answer_n and_o confirmation_n insist_v upon_o whatever_o bertram_n write_v on_o this_o argument_n as_o a_o further_a proof_n of_o his_o doctrine_n profess_v that_o he_o do_v not_o see_v how_o any_o godly_a man_n can_v gainsay_v his_o argument_n and_o that_o it_o be_v this_o book_n that_o put_v he_o first_o upon_o examine_v the_o old_a opinion_n concern_v the_o presence_n of_o christ_n very_a flesh_n and_o blood_n in_o the_o sacrament_n by_o the_o scripture_n and_o elder_a father_n of_o the_o churcb_n and_o convert_v he_o from_o the_o error_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o that_o point_n and_o dr._n 107._o dr._n dr._n burnet_n hist_n of_o the_o reform_v p._n ii_o book_n i._o p_o 107._o burnet_n tell_v we_o the_o same_o add_v that_o ridley_n have_v read_v bertram_z and_o conclude_a transubstantiation_n to_o be_v none_o of_o the_o ancient_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n but_o late_o bring_v in_o and_o not_o full_o receive_v till_o after_o bertram_n be_v age_n communicate_v the_o matter_n with_o cranmer_n and_o they_o set_v themselves_o to_o examine_v it_o with_o more_o than_o ordinary_a care_n thus_o he_o in_o the_o account_n he_o give_v of_o the_o disputation_n concern_v the_o real_a presence_n a._n d._n 1549._o which_o be_v the_o year_n in_o which_o the_o first_o common-prayer-book_n of_o king_n edward_n vi._n be_v publish_v at_o which_o time_n also_o bertram_n be_v print_v in_o english_a by_o order_n of_o bishop_n ridley_n so_o that_o a_o reverend_n and_o learned_a divine_a of_o our_o church_n b_o have_v reason_n in_o assert_v the_o doctrine_n of_o bertram_n be_v the_o very_a same_o doctrine_n which_o 61._o which_o several_a conference_n between_o a_o popish_a priest_n etc._n etc._n p._n 61._o the_o church_n of_o england_n embrace_v as_o most_o consonant_a to_o scripture_n and_o the_o father_n which_o be_v not_o what_o our_o adversary_n will_v put_v upon_o we_o that_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o lord_n supper_n be_v a_o naked_a commemoration_n of_o our_o saviour_n death_n and_o a_o mere_a sign_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n but_o a_o efficacious_a mystery_n accompany_v with_o such_o a_o divine_a and_o spiritual_a power_n as_o render_v the_o consecrate_a element_n true_o though_o mystical_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n and_o communicate_v to_o we_o the_o real_a fruit_n and_o save_v benefit_n of_o his_o bitter_a passion_n and_o this_o be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o bertram_n in_o both_o part_n of_o this_o work._n chap._n vi_o that_o ratramnus_n be_v not_o singular_a in_o his_o opinion_n but_o have_v several_a other_o great_a man_n in_o his_o own_o and_o the_o follow_a age_n of_o the_o same_o judgement_n with_o he_o in_o this_o point_n but_o after_o all_o that_o i_o have_v say_v if_o ratramnus_n though_o never_o so_o learned_a or_o orthodox_n be_v singular_a in_o his_o sentiment_n touch_v christ_n presence_n in_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n we_o can_v make_v little_a of_o his_o authority_n if_o the_o general_a belief_n of_o the_o church_n in_o his_o time_n be_v contrary_a it_o only_o show_v that_o one_o eminent_a divine_a have_v some_o heterodox_n opinion_n let_v we_o therefore_o examine_v the_o writer_n of_o his_o own_o age_n and_o the_o next_o after_o he_o and_o see_v whether_o he_o or_o paschasius_fw-la deliver_v the_o current_a sense_n of_o the_o church_n i_o shall_v not_o stand_v to_o examine_v the_o belief_n of_o the_o more_o ancient_a and_o pure_a time_n of_o christianity_n but_o refer_v my_o reader_n to_o albertinus_n archbishop_n usher_n and_o bishop_n cousin_n for_o a_o account_n of_o it_o i_o shall_v confine_v myself_o to_o the_o ix_o and_o x_o century_n in_o which_o we_o shall_v find_v several_a of_o the_o most_o eminent_a doctor_n and_o writer_n of_o the_o church_n of_o the_o same_o judgement_n with_o ratramnus_n and_o some_o who_o be_v offend_v at_o the_o doctrine_n of_o paschasius_fw-la and_o indeed_o there_o be_v manifest_a token_n in_o his_o book_n but_o more_o evident_a proof_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o frudegardus_fw-la that_o his_o doctrine_n do_v not_o pass_v without_o contradiction_n in_o his_o own_o life_n time_n when_o he_o deliver_v his_o paradox_n he_o prepare_v his_o reader_n for_o some_o wondrous_a doctrine_n and_o so_o strange_a be_v that_o new_a doctrine_n of_o he_o that_o if_o the_o 2._o the_o anonym_n de_fw-fr euch._n ad_fw-la finem_fw-la sec_n iu._n p._n 2._o anonymous_n writer_n publish_v by_o f._n mabillon_n be_v rabanus_n his_o epistle_n to_o egilo_n this_o great_a and_o learned_a bishop_n profess_v that_o he_o never_o hear_v or_o read_v it_o before_o and_o he_o much_o wonder_v that_o st._n ambrose_n shall_v be_v quote_v for_o it_o and_o more_o that_o paschasius_fw-la shall_v assert_v it_o but_o f._n mabillon_n offer_v it_o only_o by_o way_n of_o conjecture_n modest_o submit_v it_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o learned_a man_n whether_o that_o tract_n against_o radbertus_n be_v the_o epistle_n of_o rabanus_n or_o not_o and_o i_o conceive_v there_o be_v better_a reason_n to_o persuade_v we_o that_o it_o be_v not_o than_o those_o he_o offer_v to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v as_o that_o it_o bear_v not_o the_o name_n of_o rabanus_n though_o himself_o mention_v his_o writing_n on_o that_o subject_a to_o egilo_n that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o a_o epistolary_a form_n egilo_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o name_v nor_o do_v any_o address_n to_o a_o second_o person_n appear_v throughout_o it_o but_o it_o be_v plain_o a_o polemical_a piece_n to_o which_o i_o may_v add_v that_o in_o the_o anonymous_n piece_n there_o occur_v a_o odd_a distinction_n of_o the_o same_o body_n naturaliter_fw-la and_o specialiter_fw-la and_o yet_o in_o expound_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o sacrament_n to_o heribaldus_n it_o be_v not_o use_v by_o rabanus_n though_o that_o epistle_n to_o egilo_n be_v first_o write_v but_o whoever_o he_o be_v that_o write_v it_o he_o be_v in_o all_o likelihood_n a_o author_n of_o the_o same_o time_n and_o treat_v paschasius_fw-la very_o coarse_o and_o severe_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o it_o be_v write_v while_o he_o be_v abbot_n since_o the_o author_n flout_v he_o and_o in_o a_o ironical_a way_n call_v he_o pontificem_fw-la among_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o ix_o century_n i_o shall_v number_v 303._o number_v inter_fw-la scriptores_fw-la de_fw-la divinis_fw-la officiis_n ed._n per_fw-la hittorpium_fw-la par._n 1610._o col_fw-fr 303._o charles_n the_o great_a though_o perhaps_o the_o epistle_n to_o alcuin_n be_v write_v somewhat_o before_o wherein_o he_o affirm_v that_o christ_n sup_v with_o his_o disciple_n break_v bread_n and_o give_v it_o they_o with_o the_o cup_n for_o a_o figure_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n and_o exhibit_v a_o sacrament_n high_o advantageous_a to_o we_o as_o venerable_a bede_n before_o he_o speak_v he_o give_v in_o the_o supper_n to_o his_o disciple_n a_o figure_n of_o his_o holy_a body_n and_o blood_n which_o notion_n consist_v not_o with_o the_o carnal_a presence_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n 13._o sacrament_n apud_fw-la l'_fw-mi arroque_fw-la hist_n euch._n l._n 2._o c._n 13._o theodulphus_n aurelianensis_fw-la near_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o century_n say_v that_o by_o the_o visible_a offering_n of_o the_o priest_n and_o the_o invisible_a consecration_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n bread_n and_o wine_n pass_v into_o the_o dignity_n not_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n as_o jesus_n christ_n be_v figure_v by_o the_o wine_n so_o be_v the_o faithful_a people_n by_o water_n amalarius_fw-la 24._o amalarius_fw-la amalarius_fw-la fortunatus_n ibidem_fw-la in_o praefat._n col._n 307._o &_o l._n 1._o c._n 24._o fortunatus_n in_o the_o preface_n of_o his_o book_n of_o divine_a office_n make_v the_o sacramental_a bread_n and_o wine_n to_o represent_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o oblation_n to_o resemble_v christ_n own_o offering_n of_o himself_o on_o the_o cross_n as_o the_o priest_n do_v the_o person_n of_o christ_n and_o elsewhere_o he_o say_v that_o the_o sacrament_n of_o christ_n body_n be_v secundum_fw-la quendum_fw-la modum_fw-la after_o some_o sort_n christ_n body_n which_o be_v like_a bertram_n secundum_fw-la quid_fw-la not_o absolute_o and_o proper_o but_o in_o some_o respect_n the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o amalarius_n cite_v that_o passage_n of_o st._n augustine_n which_o bertram_n allege_v to_o render_v a_o reason_n why_o the_o sacramental_a sign_n have_v the_o name_n of_o the_o thing_n signify_v what_o the_o doctrine_n of_o joannes_n scotus_n be_v be_v hard_o to_o say_v only_o in_o the_o general_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o that_o of_o paschasius_fw-la though_o perhaps_o he_o err_v on_o the_o other_o extreme_a make_v it_o a_o naked_a empty_a figure_n or_o memory_n of_o our_o saviour_n death_n and_o
radbertus_n and_o to_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n in_o three_o particular_n 1._o he_o assert_n that_o what_o be_v oral_o receive_v be_v not_o the_o true_a and_o natural_a body_n of_o christ_n 2._o he_o assert_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n remain_v after_o consecration_n 3._o that_o what_o be_v oral_o receive_v feed_v the_o body_n and_o that_o christ_n be_v eat_v spiritual_o and_o not_o oral_o 1._o it_o be_v very_o plain_a from_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o second_o question_n that_o bertram_n express_o contradict_v paschasius_fw-la for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o question_n be_v take_v out_o of_o his_o book_n and_o bertram_n deny_v flat_o what_o paschasius_fw-la affirm_v viz._n that_o in_o the_o sacrament_n we_o receive_v the_o same_o body_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n crucify_a and_o rise_v again_o he_o urge_v a_o multitude_n of_o authority_n out_o of_o the_o father_n to_o confirm_v his_o own_o judgement_n herein_o and_o in_o short_a but_o pithy_a exposition_n show_v how_o they_o be_v pertinent_a to_o the_o business_n in_o obviate_a a_o objection_n from_o the_o testimony_n of_o st._n ambrose_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o sensible_a object_n be_v christ_n body_n and_o blood_n not_o in_o nature_n or_o kind_n but_o virtual_o he_o observe_v that_o st._n ambrose_n distinguish_v between_o the_o sacrament_n of_o christ_n flesh_n and_o the_o verity_n of_o christ_n flesh_n affirm_v the_o latter_a to_o be_v that_o flesh_n which_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n and_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n to_o be_v the_o sacrament_n of_o that_o true_a flesh_n in_o which_o he_o be_v crucify_a mystical_o represent_v the_o former_a again_o upon_o a_o objection_n that_o st._n ambrose_n call_v it_o the_o body_n of_o christ_n he_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n not_o corporal_o but_o spiritual_o he_o show_v that_o what_o be_v oral_o receive_v in_o the_o sacrament_n be_v not_o christ_n natural_a body_n because_o christ_n natural_a body_n be_v incorruptible_a whereas_o that_o which_o we_o receive_v in_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n be_v corruptible_a visible_a and_o to_o be_v feel_v he_o far_o prove_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o christ_n natural_a and_o sacramental_a body_n and_o blood_n in_o this_o that_o his_o natural_a body_n real_o be_v what_o it_o appear_v to_o our_o sense_n whereas_o the_o eucharist_n be_v one_o thing_n in_o nature_n and_o appearance_n and_o another_o thing_n in_o signification_n likewise_o expound_v st._n hieroms_n testimony_n he_o say_v christ_n natural_a body_n have_v all_o the_o organical_a part_n of_o a_o humane_a body_n and_o be_v quicken_v with_o a_o reasonable_a soul_n whereas_o his_o body_n in_o the_o sacrament_n have_v neither_o he_o make_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o sacrament_n to_o be_v only_o a_o image_n or_o pledge_n but_o the_o natural_a body_n of_o christ_n to_o be_v the_o truth_n signify_v and_o in_o the_o first_o part_n he_o prove_v that_o the_o word_n of_o christ_n institute_v this_o sacrament_n be_v figurative_a and_o that_o the_o thing_n oral_o receive_v or_o the_o symbol_n have_v the_o name_n of_o the_o thing_n signify_v thereby_o it_o be_v usual_a to_o give_v sign_n or_o sacrament_n the_o name_n of_o the_o very_a thing_n represent_v under_o they_o and_o this_o he_o prove_v from_o st._n augustine_n it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o bertram_n sometime_o say_v that_o it_o be_v true_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n but_o mark_v how_o he_o explain_v himself_o he_o say_v they_o be_v not_o so_o as_o to_o their_o visible_a nature_n but_o by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o divine_a word_n i._n e._n not_o corporal_o but_o spiritual_o and_o he_o add_v the_o visible_a creature_n feed_v the_o body_n but_o the_o virtue_n and_o efficacy_n of_o the_o divine_a word_n feed_v and_o sanctify_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o faithful_a so_o that_o when_o he_o affirm_v the_o sacrament_n to_o be_v true_o christ_n body_n he_o mean_v true_o in_o opposition_n to_o falsehood_n not_o true_o as_o that_o word_n be_v oppose_v to_o figurative_o but_o f._n mabillon_n and_o f._n alexander_n make_v bertram_n and_o paschasius_fw-la to_o say_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o former_a do_v not_o deny_v the_o truth_n of_o christ_n natural_a body_n in_o the_o sacrament_n which_o he_o as_o well_o as_o paschasius_fw-la hold_v but_o only_o that_o it_o be_v there_o propria_fw-la specie_fw-la i._n e._n in_o its_o proper_a shape_n and_o visible_a form_n or_o in_o its_o natural_a existence_n i_o must_v now_o requite_v the_o candour_n of_o f._n mabillon_n to_o archbishop_n usher_n and_o impute_v this_o opinion_n of_o he_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o education_n for_o it_o be_v very_o evident_a that_o what_o ratramnus_n labour_v to_o prove_v be_v a_o essential_a difference_n between_o the_o sacrament_n receive_v by_o the_o faithful_a and_o christ_n body_n as_o great_a a_o difference_n as_o between_o a_o body_n and_o a_o spirit_n between_o a_o corruptible_a and_o a_o incorruptible_a thing_n between_o the_o image_n and_o the_o original_a truth_n between_o figure_n and_o verity_n and_o it_o be_v as_o plain_a that_o he_o admit_v these_o sensible_a quality_n to_o be_v clear_a proof_n of_o a_o essential_a difference_n and_o also_o allow_v our_o outward_a sense_n to_o be_v proper_a judge_n in_o the_o case_n appeal_n to_o our_o eye_n our_o taste_n and_o smell_v body_n smell_v sect._n 99_o he_o show_v that_o our_o saviour_n body_n after_o its_o resurrection_n be_v visible_a and_o palpable_a and_o cite_v luke_o 24.39_o compare_v this_o with_o what_o he_o say_v sect._n 72._o where_o he_o show_v the_o difference_n between_o christ_n natural_a and_o spiritual_a body_n as_o our_o saviour_n do_v to_o the_o outward_a sense_n to_o prove_v the_o verity_n of_o his_o body_n after_o his_o resurrection_n behold_v my_o hand_n and_o my_o foot_n that_o it_o be_v i_o myself_o handle_v i_o and_o see_v for_o a_o spirit_n have_v not_o flesh_n and_o bone_n as_o you_o see_v i_o to_o have_v so_o that_o in_o his_o opinion_n we_o have_v the_o same_o evidence_n that_o the_o sacramental_a element_n after_o consecration_n be_v not_o christ_n natural_a body_n in_o which_o he_o suffer_v which_o the_o disciple_n have_v that_o the_o body_n in_o which_o he_o appear_v to_o they_o after_o his_o resurrection_n be_v the_o same_o body_n in_o which_o he_o be_v crucify_a and_o bury_v 2._o ratramnus_n contradict_v the_o council_n of_o trent_n in_o affirm_v the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n to_o remain_v after_o consecration_n which_o those_o father_n deny_v with_o a_o anathema_n to_o all_o that_o affirm_v it_o he_o tell_v we_o expound_v a_o citation_n out_o of_o st._n ambrose_n as_o to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o creature_n what_o they_o be_v before_o consecration_n they_o remain_v after_o it_o bread_n and_o wine_n they_o be_v before_o and_o after_o consecration_n we_o see_v they_o continue_v being_n of_o the_o same_o kind_a or_o nature_n f._n mabillon_n conceive_v ratramnus_n to_o assert_v transubstantiation_n in_o use_v the_o word_n turn_v conversion_n and_o that_o it_o be_v make_v christ_n body_n invisible_o by_o the_o powerful_a operation_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n that_o the_o bread_n and_o wine_n after_o consecration_n be_v not_o what_o they_o be_v before_o that_o they_o be_v true_o by_o the_o mystery_n turn_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n etc._n etc._n which_o last_o be_v the_o most_o plausible_a sentence_n he_o quote_v but_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v whether_o when_o he_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v a_o natural_a change_n and_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v a_o spiritual_a and_o which_o be_v all_o one_o a_o invisible_a change_n also_o that_o the_o substance_n of_o wine_n be_v see_v after_o consecration_n and_o that_o by_o consecration_n the_o wine_n be_v make_v the_o sacrament_n of_o christ_n blood_n that_o it_o be_v make_v christ_n blood_n divini_fw-la 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very_o old_a and_o but_o three_o year_n before_o his_o death_n 4._o these_o word_n the_o same_n which_o be_v receive_v from_o the_o altar_n be_v as_o reginonis_fw-la as_o baluz_fw-fr in_o notis_fw-la ad_fw-la c._n 33._o ad_fw-la calcem_fw-la reginonis_fw-la baluzius_n and_o f._n mabillon_n observe_v raze_z out_o of_o the_o ms_n from_o whence_o stevartius_fw-la publish_v that_o epistle_n of_o rabanus_n which_o i_o take_v notice_n of_o because_o mr._n arnaud_v modest_a monk_n of_o st._n genovefe_n make_v so_o much_o difficulty_n to_o believe_v archbishop_n usher_n who_o tell_v of_o a_o passage_n of_o the_o same_o importance_n raze_v out_o of_o a_o old_a ms._n book_n of_o penitential_a canon_n in_o bennet_n college_n library_n in_o cambridge_n though_o he_o have_v see_v it_o himself_o and_o no_o doubt_n the_o other_o ms._n also_o out_o of_o which_o the_o lose_a passage_n be_v restore_v this_o passage_n be_v a_o authority_n of_o the_o x_o century_n confirm_v day_n confirm_v at_o the_o 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restore_v out_o of_o the_o saxon_a epistle_n print_v immediate_o before_o it_o and_o now_o i_o be_o speak_v of_o such_o detestable_a practice_n i_o can_v but_o add_v what_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o such_o a_o passage_n have_v befall_v st._n chrysostom_n epistle_n to_o caesarius_n the_o passage_n run_v thus_o 532._o thus_o sicut_fw-la enim_fw-la antequam_fw-la sanctificetur_fw-la panis_n panem_fw-la nominamus_fw-la divina_fw-la autem_fw-la illum_fw-la sanctificante_fw-la gratia_fw-la mediante_fw-la sacerdote_fw-la liberatus_fw-la est_fw-la quidem_fw-la appellatione_fw-la panis_fw-la dignus_fw-la autem_fw-la habitus_fw-la est_fw-la dominici_n corporis_fw-la appellatione_fw-la etiemsi_fw-la natura_fw-la panis_n in_fw-la ipso_fw-la permansit_fw-la &_o non_fw-la duo_fw-la corpora_fw-la sed_fw-la unum_fw-la corpus_fw-la filii_fw-la praedicamus_fw-la sic_fw-la etc._n etc._n apud_fw-la steph._n le_fw-fr moine_n inter_fw-la varia_n sacra_fw-la tom._n 1._o p._n 532._o as_o before_o the_o bread_n be_v consecrate_a we_o call_v it_o bread_n but_o after_o the_o divine_a grace_n have_v consecrate_v it_o by_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o priest_n it_o be_v free_v from_o the_o name_n of_o bread_n and_o honour_v with_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n body_n though_o the_o nature_n of_o bread_n remain_v in_o it_o and_o we_o do_v not_o teach_v two_o body_n but_o one_o body_n of_o the_o son_n so_o etc._n etc._n this_o epistle_n peter_n martyr_n find_v in_o the_o florentine_a library_n and_o transcribe_v several_a copy_n of_o it_o one_o of_o which_o he_o give_v to_o archbishop_n cranmer_n the_o copy_n of_o this_o epistle_n be_v lose_v the_o world_n be_v persuade_v by_o the_o papist_n that_o the_o passage_n be_v a_o forgery_n commit_v by_o peter_n martyr_n this_o past_a current_n for_o about_o a_o 100_o year_n till_o at_o last_o emericus_n bigotius_n find_v it_o and_o print_v the_o whole_a epistle_n with_o h._n with_o palladii_fw-la vita_fw-la chrysostomi_n gr._n lat_fw-la etc._n etc._n quarto_fw-la par._n 1680._o inter_fw-la paginas_fw-la 235._o &_o 245._o in_o schedis_fw-la signatis_fw-la g._n g._n &_o h._n h._n the_o life_n of_o st._n chrysostom_n and_o some_o other_o little_a thing_n but_o when_o it_o be_v finish_v this_o 1682._o this_o vide_fw-la expostulationem_fw-la hac_fw-la de_fw-la re_fw-la editam_fw-la in_fw-la quarto_fw-la londini_fw-la 1682._o epistle_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o book_n and_o not_o suffer_v to_o see_v light._n the_o place_n out_o of_o which_o this_o epistle_n be_v expunge_v be_v visible_a in_o the_o book_n by_o a_o break_n in_o the_o signature_n at_o the_o bottom_n and_o the_o number_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o page_n but_o at_o length_n it_o be_v publish_v by_o mr._n le_fw-fr moine_n among_o several_a other_o ancient_a piece_n at_o leyden_n 1685._o and_o since_o more_o accurate_o in_o the_o appendix_n to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o exposition_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n so_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o french_a monk_n indignation_n at_o the_o learned_a usher_n for_o charge_v the_o papist_n with_o the_o razure_n of_o a_o old_a ms._n it_o be_v plain_a that_o such_o trick_n be_v not_o unusual_a with_o they_o that_o they_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o their_o public_a expurgatory_n indices_fw-la and_o more_o mischievous_a and_o that_o some_o of_o their_o great_a doctor_n at_o this_o day_n make_v no_o conscience_n of_o stifle_v ancient_a testimony_n against_o their_o corruption_n when_o it_o lie_v in_o their_o power_n i_o shall_v trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o no_o more_o citation_n to_o prove_v the_o concurrence_n of_o other_o doctor_n of_o the_o nine_o and_o ten_o century_n with_o ratramnus_n in_o his_o sentiment_n touch_v christ_n presence_n in_o the_o holy_a sacrament_n these_o be_v enough_o to_o show_v that_o his_o opinion_n be_v neither_o singular_a nor_o novel_a and_o that_o though_o he_o be_v the_o full_a and_o most_o express_a witness_n of_o the_o faith_n of_o those_o time_n yet_o he_o be_v not_o a_o single_a evidence_n but_o be_v support_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o many_o of_o the_o best_a writer_n of_o those_o time_n and_o his_o doctrine_n be_v reprove_v by_o no_o body_n but_o paschasius_fw-la who_o reflect_v a_o little_a upon_o it_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o frudegardus_fw-la and_o that_o piece_n of_o his_o commentary_n on_o matthew_n that_o be_v annex_v to_o it_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o doctrine_n of_o paschasius_fw-la be_v impugn_a as_o novel_a and_o erroneous_a by_o the_o anonymous_n writer_n publish_v by_o f._n mabillon_n by_o rabanus_n and_o ratramnus_n neither_o do_v it_o in_o all_o thing_n please_v his_o anonymous_n friend_n say_v to_o be_v herigerus_fw-la who_o write_v in_o his_o favour_n and_o collect_v passage_n out_o of_o the_o ancient_n to_o excuse_v the_o simplicity_n of_o paschasius_fw-la his_o own_o writing_n show_v that_o he_o value_v himself_o upon_o some_o new_a discovery_n which_o excite_v many_o to_o a_o more_o perfect_a understanding_n of_o that_o great_a mystery_n that_o his_o paradox_n be_v in_o danger_n of_o pass_v for_o a_o dream_n or_o maronis_fw-la or_o in_o epistolis_fw-la hortatur_fw-la placidum_fw-la &_o regem_fw-la carolum_fw-la ne_fw-la existiment_fw-la illum_fw-la contexere_fw-la fabulam_fw-la de_fw-la salsura_fw-la maronis_fw-la poetical_a fiction_n and_o that_o when_o he_o write_v to_o frudegardus_fw-la many_o doubt_v the_o truth_n of_o his_o doctrine_n frudegardus_fw-la once_o his_o proselyte_n upon_o read_v a_o passage_n in_o st._n 16._o st._n augustin_n de_fw-fr doct._n christ_n l._n 3._o c._n 16._o augustine_n which_o bertram_n also_o cite_v be_v dissatisfy_v with_o his_o explication_n of_o christ_n presence_n and_o whether_o this_o epistle_n do_v effectual_o establish_v he_o in_o the_o belief_n of_o radberts_n doctrine_n or_o whether_o he_o adhere_v to_o st._n augustine_n can_v now_o be_v know_v it_o be_v evident_a notwithstanding_o some_o gross_a conceit_n which_o begin_v to_o possess_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n in_o those_o dark_a and_o barbarous_a age_n that_o the_o church_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o receive_v the_o popish_a doctrine_n of_o transubstantiation_n which_o be_v leave_v by_o paschasius_fw-la its_o dam_n a_o rude_a lump_n which_o require_v much_o lick_n to_o reduce_v it_o into_o any_o tolerable_a shape_n or_o form_n as_o a_o 1678._o a_o the_o b._n of_o st._n asaph_n in_o a_o sermon_n before_o the_o late_a king_n 1678._o reverend_a author_n observe_v and_o be_v not_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o any_o pope_n or_o council_n in_o 200_o year_n after_o nor_o do_v the_o monster_n receive_v its_o name_n till_o the_o four_o lateran_n council_n the_o writer_n of_o the_o nine_o and_o ten_o century_n speak_v of_o a_o change_n or_o conversion_n of_o the_o element_n into_o christ_n body_n but_o it_o be_v plain_a they_o mean_v not_o a_o natural_a but_o a_o mystical_a or_o sacramental_a change_n such_o as_o happen_v upon_o the_o homily_n the_o see_v the_o saxon_a homily_n christen_n of_o a_o pagan_a they_o affirm_v the_o element_n to_o be_v christ_n body_n and_o blood_n after_o
take_v away_o their_o spiritual_a filth_n xviii_o behold_v how_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o element_n be_v see_v two_o thing_n contrary_a to_o each_o other_o a_o thing_n corruptible_fw-fr give_v incorruption_n and_o a_o thing_n without_o life_n give_v life_n it_o be_v manifest_a then_o that_o in_o the_o font_n there_o be_v both_o somewhat_o which_o the_o bodily_a sense_n perceive_v which_o be_v therefore_o mutable_a and_o corruptible_a and_o somewhat_o which_o the_o eye_n of_o faith_n only_o behold_v and_o therefore_o be_v neither_o corruptible_a nor_o mortal_a if_o you_o inquire_v what_o wash_v the_o outside_n it_o be_v the_o element_n but_o if_o you_o consider_v what_o purge_v the_o inside_n it_o be_v a_o quicken_a power_n a_o sanctify_a power_n a_o power_n confer_v immortality_n so_o then_o in_o its_o own_o nature_n it_o be_v a_o corruptible_a liquor_n but_o in_o the_o mystery_n it_o be_v a_o heal_n power_n xix_o thus_o also_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n consider_v as_o to_o the_o outside_n only_o be_v a_o creature_n subject_a to_o change_v and_o corruption_n but_o if_o you_o ponder_v the_o efficacy_n of_o the_o mystery_n it_o be_v life_n confer_v immortality_n on_o such_o as_o partake_v thereof_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o the_o same_o thing_n which_o be_v see_v and_o which_o be_v believe_v for_o the_o thing_n see_v feed_v a_o corruptible_a body_n be_v corruptible_a themselves_o but_o those_o which_o be_v believe_v feed_v immortal_a soul_n be_v themselves_o immortal_a xx._n the_o apostle_n also_o write_v to_o the_o corinthian_n say_v 3._o say_v 1_o cor._n 10.2_o 3._o know_v you_o not_o father_n this_o be_v further_a illustrate_v by_o the_o baptism_n of_o the_o father_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o cloud_n and_o by_o the_o manna_n and_o spiritual_a rock_n which_o afford_v meat_n and_o drink_n to_o the_o father_n how_o that_o all_o our_o father_n be_v under_o the_o cloud_n and_o all_o pass_v through_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v all_o baptise_a unto_o moses_n in_o the_o cloud_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o do_v all_o eat_v the_o same_o spiritual_a meat_n and_o do_v all_o drink_n the_o same_o spiritual_a drirk_n for_o they_o drink_v of_o that_o spiritual_a rock_n that_o follow_v they_o and_o that_o rock_n be_v christ_n we_o see_v both_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o cloud_n bear_v a_o resemblance_n of_o baptism_n and_o that_o the_o father_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n be_v baptise_a in_o they_o viz._n the_o cloud_n and_o the_o sea._n now_o can_v the_o sea_n as_o a_o visible_a element_n have_v the_o power_n of_o baptise_v or_o can_v the_o cloud_n as_o a_o condensation_n of_o the_o air_n sanctify_v the_o people_n and_o yet_o we_o dare_v not_o say_v but_o that_o the_o apostle_n who_o speak_v in_o christ_n do_v true_o affirm_v that_o our_o father_n be_v baptise_a in_o the_o cloud_n and_o in_o the_o sea._n xxi_o and_o although_o that_o baptism_n be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o the_o christian_a baptism_n now_o celebrate_v in_o the_o church_n yet_o that_o it_o be_v baptism_n and_o that_o our_o father_n be_v therewith_o baptise_a no_o man_n in_o his_o wit_n will_v deny_v none_o but_o a_o man_n that_o will_v presume_v express_o to_o contradict_v the_o word_n of_o the_o apostle_n therefore_o the_o sea_n and_o cloud_n do_v sanctify_v and_o cleanse_v not_o as_o they_o be_v mere_a bodily_a substance_n but_o as_o they_o do_v invisible_o contain_v the_o sanctify_a power_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n for_o there_o be_v in_o they_o both_o a_o visible_a form_n appear_v to_o the_o bodily_a eye_n not_o in_o image_n but_o in_o truth_n and_o also_o a_o spiritual_a virtue_n shine_v within_o which_o be_v not_o discernible_a by_o the_o bodily_a eye_n but_o by_o those_o of_o the_o mind_n xxii_o likewise_o the_o manna_n which_o be_v give_v the_o people_n from_o heaven_n and_o the_o water_n flow_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n be_v corporeal_a substance_n and_o be_v both_o meat_n and_o drink_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o people_n body_n nevertheless_o the_o apostle_n call_v even_o that_o manna_n and_o that_o water_n spiritual_a meat_n and_o spiritual_a drink_n why_o so_o because_o there_o be_v in_o those_o bodily_a substance_n a_o spiritual_a power_n of_o the_o word_n which_o rather_o feed_v and_o give_v drink_v to_o the_o mind_n than_o the_o body_n of_o the_o faithful_a and_o whereas_o that_o meat_n and_o drink_v prefigure_v the_o future_a mystery_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o the_o church_n now_o celebrate_v st._n paul_n nevertheless_o affirm_v that_o our_o father_n do_v eat_v the_o same_o spiritual_a meat_n and_o drink_v the_o same_o spiritual_a drink_n xxiii_o perhaps_o you_o will_v ask_v we_o in_o what_o sense_n the_o father_n eat_v and_o drink_v the_o same_o spiritual_a meat_n and_o drink_n with_o we_o what_o same_o even_o the_o very_a selfsame_a food_n which_o the_o faithful_a now_o eat_v and_o drink_v in_o the_o church_n nor_o may_v we_o think_v they_o different_a since_o it_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o christ_n who_o then_o in_o the_o wilderness_n feed_v the_o people_n that_o be_v baptise_a in_o the_o cloud_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n with_o his_o own_o flesh_n and_o make_v they_o to_o drink_v his_o own_o blood_n and_o who_o now_o in_o the_o church_n feed_v the_o faithful_a with_o the_o bread_n of_o his_o body_n and_o make_v they_o to_o drink_v the_o liquor_n of_o his_o blood._n xxiv_o the_o apostle_n intend_v to_o intimate_v thus_o much_o when_o he_o have_v say_v that_o our_o father_n do_v eat_v the_o same_o spiritual_a meat_n and_o drink_v the_o same_o spiritual_a drink_n he_o add_v and_o they_o all_o drink_v of_o that_o spiritual_a rock_n which_o follow_v they_o and_o that_o rock_n be_v christ_n to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v understand_v that_o in_o the_o wilderness_n christ_n be_v in_o the_o spiritual_a rock_n and_o give_v the_o liquor_n of_o his_o blood_n to_o the_o people_n who_o afterward_o gospel_n afterward_o that_o be_v under_o the_o gospel_n in_o our_o time_n exhibit_v his_o body_n bear_v of_o a_o virgin_n and_o crucify_a for_o the_o salvation_n of_o such_o as_o believe_v out_o of_o which_o he_o shed_v stream_n of_o blood_n whereof_o we_o be_v make_v to_o drink_v and_o not_o only_o redeem_v therewith_o xxv_o true_o it_o be_v wonderful_a because_o it_o be_v incomprehensible_a and_o inestimable_a he_o have_v not_o yet_o assume_v man_n nature_n he_o have_v not_o yet_o taste_v of_o death_n for_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o world_n he_o have_v not_o yet_o redeem_v we_o with_o his_o blood_n whenas_o our_o father_n in_o the_o wilderness_n even_o then_o in_o their_o spiritual_a meat_n and_o invisible_a drink_n do_v eat_v his_o body_n and_o drink_v his_o blood_n as_o the_o apostle_n testify_v say_v that_o our_o father_n do_v eat_v the_o same_o spiritual_a meat_n and_o drink_v of_o the_o same_o spiritual_a drink_n now_o we_o must_v not_o inquire_v how_o that_o can_v be_v but_o must_v believe_v that_o it_o be_v so_o for_o he_o who_o now_o in_o the_o church_n do_v by_o his_o almighty_a power_n spiritual_o change_v bread_n and_o wine_n into_o the_o flesh_n of_o his_o own_o body_n and_o the_o liquor_n of_o his_o own_o blood_n he_o also_o do_v invisible_o make_v the_o manna_n give_v from_o heaven_n his_o own_o body_n and_o the_o water_n issue_v from_o the_o rock_n his_o own_o blood._n xxvi_o which_o david_n understand_v speak_v by_o the_o holy_a ghost_n say_v 27.25_o say_v psal_n 27.25_o man_n do_v eat_v angel_n food_n for_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o imagine_v that_o the_o corporeal_a manna_n give_v to_o the_o father_n do_v feed_v the_o heavenly_a host_n or_o that_o they_o use_v such_o diet_n who_o be_v satiate_v with_o feast_v on_o the_o divine_a word_n the_o psalmist_n or_o rather_o the_o holy_a 20._o holy_a mat._n 26.26_o 27_o 28._o luke_n 22.19_o 20._o ghost_n speak_v of_o the_o psalmist_n teach_v we_o both_o what_o our_o father_n receive_v in_o that_o heavenly_a manna_n and_o what_o the_o faithful_a aught_o to_o believe_v in_o the_o mystery_n of_o christ_n body_n in_o both_o certain_o christ_n be_v signify_v who_o both_o feed_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o faithful_a and_o be_v the_o food_n of_o angel_n and_o both_o he_o do_v and_o be_v by_o a_o spiritual_a relish_n not_o by_o become_v bodily_a food_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o spiritual_a word_n xxvii_o we_o be_v teach_v also_o by_o the_o evangelist_n passion_n he_o argue_v from_o the_o institution_n of_o this_o sacrament_n before_o our_o lord_n passion_n that_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n before_o he_o suffer_v take_v bread_n and_o when_o he_o have_v give_v thanks_o he_o give_v it_o to_o his_o disciple_n say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n which_o be_v give_v for_o you_o do_v this_o in_o remembrance_n of_o i_o likewise_o the_o cup_n after_o he_o have_v sup_v say_v this_o cup_n be_v
the_o new_a testament_n in_o my_o blood_n which_o shall_v be_v shed_v for_o you_o you_o see_v christ_n have_v not_o yet_o suffer_v and_o yet_o nevertheless_o he_o celebrate_v the_o mystery_n of_o his_o own_o body_n and_o blood._n xxviii_o for_o i_o be_o confident_a no_o christian_a doubt_n but_o that_o bread_n be_v make_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n which_o he_o give_v to_o his_o disciple_n say_v this_o be_v my_o body_n which_o be_v give_v for_o you_o or_o but_o the_o cup_n contain_v the_o blood_n of_o christ_n of_o which_o he_o also_o say_v this_o cup_n be_v the_o new_a testament_n in_o my_o blood_n which_o shall_v be_v shed_v for_o you_o wherefore_o as_o a_o little_a before_o his_o passion_n he_o can_v change_v the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o the_o creature_n of_o wine_n into_o his_o own_o body_n which_o be_v to_o suffer_v and_o his_o own_o blood_n which_o be_v to_o be_v shed_v so_o also_o can_v he_o in_o the_o wilderness_n change_v manna_n and_o water_n out_o of_o the_o rock_n into_o his_o body_n and_o blood_n though_o it_o be_v a_o long_a time_n after_o ere_o that_o body_n be_v to_o be_v crucify_a for_o we_o or_o that_o blood_n to_o be_v shed_v to_o wash_v we_o xxix_o here_o also_o we_o ought_v to_o consider_v how_o those_o word_n of_o our_o saviour_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v 6.53_o he_o expound_v joh._n 6.53_o wherein_o he_o say_v 6.53_o say_v john_n 6.53_o except_o you_o eat_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o son_n of_o man_n and_o drink_v his_o blood_n you_o have_v not_o life_n in_o you_o for_o he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o his_o flesh_n which_o hang_v on_o the_o cross_n shall_v be_v cut_v in_o piece_n and_o eat_v by_o his_o disciple_n or_o that_o his_o blood_n which_o he_o be_v to_o shed_v for_o the_o redemption_n of_o the_o world_n shall_v be_v give_v his_o disciple_n to_o drink_v for_o it_o have_v be_v a_o crime_n for_o his_o disciple_n to_o have_v eat_v his_o flesh_n and_o drink_v his_o blood_n in_o the_o sense_n that_o the_o unbelieve_a jew_n than_o understand_v he_o xxx_o wherefore_o in_o the_o follow_a word_n he_o say_v to_o his_o disciple_n who_o do_v not_o disbelieve_v that_o say_v of_o christ_n though_o they_o do_v not_o yet_o penetrate_v the_o true_a mean_v of_o it_o 6.53_o it_o john_n 6.53_o do_v this_o offend_v you_o what_o if_o you_o shall_v see_v the_o son_n of_o man_n ascend_v up_o where_o he_o be_v before_o as_o though_o he_o shall_v say_v think_v not_o that_o you_o must_v eat_v my_o flesh_n and_o drink_v my_o blood_n corporal_o divide_v into_o small_a piece_n for_o when_o after_o my_o resurrection_n you_o shall_v see_v i_o ascend_v into_o the_o heaven_n with_o my_o body_n entire_a and_o all_o my_o blood_n then_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o the_o faithful_a must_v eat_v 6.69_o eat_v john_n 6.69_o my_o flesh_n not_o in_o the_o manner_n which_o these_o unbeliever_n imagine_v but_o that_o indeed_o believer_n must_v receive_v it_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v mystical_o turn_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o my_o body_n and_o blood._n xxxi_o and_o after_o 6.66_o after_o john._n 6.66_o it_o be_v the_o spirit_n say_v he_o that_o quicken_v the_o flesh_n profit_v nothing_o he_o say_v the_o flesh_n profit_v nothing_o take_v as_o those_o infidel_n understand_v he_o but_o otherwise_o it_o give_v life_n as_o it_o be_v take_v mystical_o by_o the_o faithful_a and_o why_o so_o he_o himself_o show_v when_o he_o say_v it_o be_v the_o spirit_n that_o quicken_v therefore_o in_o this_o mystery_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n there_o be_v a_o spiritual_a operation_n which_o give_v life_n without_o which_o operation_n the_o mystery_n profit_v nothing_o because_o they_o may_v indeed_o feed_v the_o body_n but_o can_v feed_v the_o soul._n xxxii_o now_o there_o arise_v a_o question_n move_v by_o many_o who_o say_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v not_o in_o a_o figure_n but_o in_o truth_n but_o in_o so_o say_v they_o plain_o contradict_v the_o write_n of_o the_o father_n xxxiii_o st._n augustine_n quote_v st._n augustine_n quote_v a_o eminent_a doctor_n of_o the_o church_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr doctrina_fw-la christiana_n write_v thus_o except_o you_o eat_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o son_n of_o man_n say_v our_o saviour_n and_o drink_v his_o blood_n you_o shall_v not_o have_v life_n in_o you_o he_o seem_v to_o command_v a_o flagitious_a crime_n therefore_o the_o word_n be_v a_o figure_n require_v we_o to_o communicate_v in_o our_o lord_n passion_n and_o faithful_o up_o faithful_o in_o the_o print_a edition_n of_o st._n augustine_n and_o bertram_n we_o read_v sweet_o and_o profitable_o to_o lay_v up_o to_o lay_v up_o this_o in_o our_o memory_n that_o his_o flesh_n be_v crucify_a and_o wound_v for_o we_o xxxiv_o we_o see_v this_o doctor_n say_v that_o the_o mystery_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n be_v celebrate_v by_o the_o faithful_a under_o a_o figure_n for_o he_o say_v to_o receive_v his_o flesh_n and_o blood_n carnal_o be_v not_o a_o act_n of_o religion_n but_o of_o villainy_n for_o which_o cause_n they_o in_o the_o gospel_n who_o take_v our_o saviour_n word_n not_o spiritual_o but_o carnal_o depart_v from_o he_o and_o follow_v he_o no_o more_o xxxv_o likewise_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o boniface_n a_o bishop_n among_o other_o thing_n he_o say_v thus_o we_o often_o speak_v in_o this_o manner_n when_o easter_n be_v near_o we_o say_v to_o morrow_n or_o the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o lord_n passion_n although_o he_o suffer_v many_o year_n since_o and_o suffer_v but_o once_o likewise_o we_o say_v on_o the_o lord_n day_n this_o day_n our_o lord_n rise_v again_o when_o yet_o so_o many_o year_n be_v pass_v since_o he_o rise_v again_o why_o be_v no_o man_n so_o foolish_a as_o to_o charge_v we_o with_o lie_v when_o we_o speak_v thus_o but_o because_o we_o call_v these_o day_n after_o the_o likeness_n of_o those_o day_n in_o which_o these_o thing_n be_v real_o do_v so_o that_o the_o day_n be_v call_v such_o a_o day_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v not_o that_o very_a day_n but_o only_o like_o it_o in_o revolution_n of_o time_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o sacrament_n that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v this_o day_n which_o be_v not_o do_v this_o very_a day_n but_o in_o old_a time_n be_v not_o christ_n offer_v up_o once_o only_a in_o his_o own_o person_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o sacrament_n he_o be_v offer_v for_o the_o people_n not_o only_o every_o easter_n but_o every_o day_n nor_o do_v that_o man_n tell_v a_o lie_n who_o be_v ask_v shall_v answer_v that_o he_o be_v offer_v for_o if_o sacrament_n have_v not_o some_o resemblance_n of_o those_o thing_n of_o which_o they_o be_v the_o sacrament_n they_o will_v not_o be_v sacrament_n at_o all_o and_o from_o that_o resemblance_n they_o common_o take_v the_o name_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o whereas_o the_o sacrament_n of_o christ_n body_n be_v in_o some_o sort_n the_o body_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o sacrament_n of_o christ_n blood_n be_v in_o some_o sort_n the_o blood_n of_o christ_n so_o the_o cite_v the_o the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o faith_n i._n e._n baptism_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o follow_a word_n in_o st._n austin_n in_o his_o 23._o epistle_n which_o be_v here_o cite_v sacrament_n of_o the_o faith_n be_v the_o faith._n xxxvi_o we_o see_v st._n augustine_n say_v that_o sacrament_n be_v one_o thing_n and_o the_o thing_n of_o which_o they_o be_v the_o sacrament_n be_v another_o thing_n now_o the_o body_n in_o which_o christ_n suffer_v and_o the_o blood_n which_o issue_v out_o of_o his_o side_n be_v thing_n but_o the_o mystery_n of_o these_o thing_n he_o say_v be_v sacrament_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v celebrate_v in_o remembrance_n of_o our_o lord_n passion_n not_o only_o every_o year_n at_o the_o great_a solemnity_n of_o easter_n but_o every_o day_n of_o the_o year_n xxxvii_o and_o whereas_o there_o be_v but_o one_o body_n of_o the_o lord_n in_o which_o he_o suffer_v once_o and_o one_o blood_n which_o be_v shed_v for_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o world_n yet_o the_o sacrament_n of_o these_o have_v assume_v the_o name_n of_o the_o very_a thing_n so_o that_o they_o be_v call_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o yet_o be_v so_o call_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o resemblance_n they_o bear_v to_o the_o thing_n which_o they_o signify_v as_o they_o style_v these_o respective_a day_n which_o be_v annual_o celebrate_v the_o passion_n and_o resurrection_n of_o our_o lord_n whereas_o in_o truth_n he_o suffer_v and_o rise_v again_o but_o once_o in_o his_o own_o person_n nor_o can_v the_o very_a day_n return_v any_o more_o be_v long_o since_o past_a nevertheless_o the_o day_n in_o which_o the_o memory_n of_o
a_o spiritual_a efficacy_n and_o nutritive_a virtue_n which_o spiritual_o feed_v the_o soul_n as_o the_o material_a bread_n and_o wine_n nourish_v the_o body_n this_o mr._n boileau_n 226._o boileau_n remark_n p._n 226._o flat_o deni_v but_o upon_o very_o slender_a reason_n for_o say_v he_o be_v this_o the_o author_n sense_n he_o can_v not_o say_v as_o he_o do_v that_o christ_n body_n be_v there_o and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o crime_n so_o much_o as_o to_o imagine_v the_o contrary_a that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o sacrament_n a_o change_n of_o one_o thing_n into_o another_o or_o that_o the_o corporal_a appearance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n and_o christ_n body_n have_v not_o two_o several_a existence_n but_o all_o this_o be_v mere_a smoke_n and_o amusement_n for_o ratram_n do_v not_o say_v it_o be_v a_o crime_n to_o think_v that_o the_o consecrate_a element_n be_v not_o christ_n natural_a body_n he_o say_v it_o himself_o twenty_o time_n over_o and_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o be_v christ_n spiritual_a body_n and_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n spiritual_n i_o have_v already_o show_v neither_o do_v he_o affirm_v the_o sacramental_a change_n to_o be_v of_o one_o thing_n into_o another_o those_o word_n be_v add_v by_o way_n of_o paraphrase_n by_o mr._n dean_n of_o sens_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n he_o fair_o intimate_v the_o contrary_a where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v a_o change_n for_o the_o better_o 16._o better_o nec_fw-la hoc_fw-la esse_fw-la potuisse_fw-la nisi_fw-la facta_fw-la in_o melius_fw-la commutatione_n neque_fw-la ista_fw-la commutatio_fw-la corporaliter_fw-la sed_fw-la spiritualiter_fw-la facta_fw-la sit_fw-la necesse_fw-la est_fw-la jam_fw-la ut_fw-la figurate_a etc._n etc._n n._n 16._o have_v before_o prove_v it_o to_o be_v no_o physical_a change_n for_o such_o a_o advancement_n may_v be_v make_v without_o any_o substantial_a change_n by_o raise_v the_o element_n to_o a_o dignity_n above_o the_o condition_n of_o their_o nature_n and_o separate_v they_o from_o common_a to_o sacred_a uses_n as_o for_o what_o he_o add_v that_o the_o corporal_a appearance_n and_o christ_n body_n have_v not_o two_o distinct_a existence_n i_o shall_v when_o i_o come_v to_o consider_v how_o he_o abuse_v the_o word_n species_n show_v that_o the_o bodily_a appearance_n he_o speak_v of_o be_v mere_a fiction_n never_o dream_v of_o by_o our_o author_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o shall_v give_v the_o author_n true_a sense_n which_o be_v this_o that_o there_o be_v not_o two_o consubstantiate_a being_n in_o the_o sacrament_n as_o in_o a_o man_n there_o be_v a_o soul_n and_o body_n but_o that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n viz._n the_o element_n consider_v with_o respect_n to_o their_o natural_a substance_n be_v bread_n and_o wine_n but_o consider_v as_o consecrate_a they_o be_v sacrament_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o blood._n this_o be_v easy_o illustrate_v by_o a_o familiar_a example_n the_o king_n be_v not_o two_o person_n as_o he_o be_v a_o man_n and_o a_o prince_n but_o one_o who_o consider_v in_o his_o natural_a capacity_n be_v a_o man_n and_o in_o his_o civil_a capacity_n be_v a_o prince_n the_o same_o inference_n may_v be_v also_o make_v from_o ratram_n parallel_v of_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n with_o manna_n and_o the_o rock_n water_n which_o he_o say_v be_v spiritual_o turn_v into_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n and_o be_v eat_v and_o drink_v by_o the_o faithful_a israelite_n in_o the_o wilderness_n his_o scope_n be_v plain_o this_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o change_v make_v by_o consecration_n be_v not_o substantial_a but_o figurative_a like_o that_o of_o the_o manna_n which_o can_v not_o be_v proper_o transubstantiate_v into_o christ_n body_n before_o his_o incarnation_n before_o he_o have_v a_o body_n prepare_v he_o and_o yet_o a_o wanton_a wit_n may_v in_o mr._n boileau_n way_n as_o handsome_o elude_v all_o argument_n against_o ratram_n belief_n of_o a_o substantial_a change_n of_o the_o manna_n and_o water_n into_o christ_n body_n as_o he_o do_v our_o argument_n against_o the_o corporal_a presence_n from_o bertram_n if_o he_o object_v that_o bertram_n speak_v of_o the_o substance_n of_o manna_n and_o tne_n water_n it_o be_v easy_o answer_v that_o the_o word_n substantia_fw-la even_o by_o the_o confession_n of_o mr._n boileau_n 247._o boileau_n remark_n p._n 246_o 247._o be_v not_o always_o take_v in_o the_o strict_a philosophical_a notion_n but_o sometime_o more_o large_o for_o the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o thing_n if_o he_o urge_v that_o bertram_n call_v they_o corporal_a thing_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o by_o 222._o by_o remark_n p._n 222._o mr._n b_n confession_n that_o may_v signify_v no_o more_o than_o the_o external_n appearance_n of_o a_o body_n and_o the_o sensible_a accident_n if_o he_o further_o press_v the_o impossibility_n of_o the_o thing_n that_o manna_n shall_v be_v substantial_o convert_v into_o a_o body_n not_o exist_v it_o may_v be_v plausible_o reply_v that_o bertram_n say_v 25._o say_v n._n 25._o we_o must_v not_o exercise_v our_o reason_n but_o our_o faith_n in_o this_o matter_n it_o be_v a_o miracle_n a_o mystery_n incomprehensible_a a_o work_n of_o god_n omnipotence_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v limit_v by_o the_o pretence_n of_o impossibility_n and_o absurdity_n in_o fine_a when_o he_o come_v to_o determine_v the_o first_o question_n and_o make_v his_o inference_n from_o all_o the_o argument_n and_o authority_n which_o he_o have_v before_o allege_v he_o conclude_v thus_o existunt_fw-la thus_o n._n 49._o figurae_fw-la sunt_fw-la secundum_fw-la speciem_fw-la visibilem_fw-la at_o vero_fw-la secundum_fw-la invisibilem_fw-la substantiam_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la divini_fw-la potentiam_fw-la verbi_fw-la veer_fw-la corpus_fw-la &_o sanguis_fw-la christi_fw-la existunt_fw-la the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n oral_o receive_v by_o the_o faithful_a may_v be_v consider_v either_o as_o visible_a creature_n and_o so_o they_o be_v figure_n and_o feed_v the_o body_n or_o according_a to_o their_o invisible_a substance_n which_o be_v as_o he_o explain_v himself_o the_o power_n of_o the_o divine_a word_n and_o so_o they_o be_v true_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n feed_v and_o sanctify_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o faithful_a from_o which_o passage_n it_o be_v plain_a not_o only_o that_o ratram_n prove_v a_o figure_n in_o the_o sacrament_n but_o that_o this_o figure_n be_v more_o than_o the_o outward_a appearance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n that_o it_o be_v the_o substance_n for_o what_o he_o mean_v by_o the_o visible_a species_n he_o after_o explain_v by_o call_v they_o the_o creatura_fw-la the_o visibilis_fw-la species_n be_v expound_v by_o visibilis_fw-la creatura_fw-la visible_a creature_n and_o affirm_v that_o it_o feed_v the_o body_n and_o though_o he_o oppose_v hereunto_o the_o invisible_a substance_n the_o word_n that_o follow_v direct_v we_o to_o take_v substance_n in_o a_o improper_a sense_n for_o he_o deliver_v himself_o with_o great_a caution_n as_o if_o it_o be_v on_o purpose_n to_o prevent_v any_o such_o mistake_v according_a to_o the_o invisible_a substance_n substantiae_fw-la substance_n invisibilem_fw-la substantiam_fw-la by_o potentioris_fw-la virtutem_fw-la substantiae_fw-la that_o be_v say_v he_o the_o power_n of_o the_o divine_a word_n and_o again_o the_o virtue_n of_o a_o more_o powerful_a substance_n which_o be_v the_o grace_n annex_v to_o the_o sacrament_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o institution_n for_o that_o he_o shall_v hereby_o mean_v christ_n natural_a body_n no_o body_n will_v believe_v who_o consider_v that_o he_o affirm_v 22._o affirm_v inerat_fw-la corporeis_fw-la illis_fw-la substantiis_fw-la spiritualis_fw-la verbi_fw-la potestas_fw-la quae_fw-la mentes_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la corpora_fw-la credentiâ—m_fw-la pasceret_fw-la atque_fw-la potaret_fw-la n._n 22._o a_o spiritual_a power_n of_o the_o word_n to_o have_v be_v in_o corporeal_a substance_n of_o manna_n and_o water_n in_o which_o no_o r._n c._n ever_o pretend_v that_o christ_n be_v present_a in_o verity_n of_o substance_n in_o the_o second_o part_n it_o be_v as_o evident_a that_o he_o encounter_v not_o that_o fictitious_a error_n mr._n boileau_n will_v have_v he_o viz._n that_o the_o outward_a species_n and_o sensible_a accident_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n be_v christ_n flesh_n and_o blood_n bear_v of_o the_o virgin_n etc._n etc._n for_o first_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o question_n be_v as_o have_v be_v already_o show_v the_o consecrate_a element_n the_o whole_a eucharist_n as_o oral_o receive_v and_o not_o their_o mere_a accident_n for_o he_o say_v 54._o say_v nam_fw-la secundum_fw-la creaturarum_fw-la substantiam_fw-la quod_fw-la fuerant_fw-la ante_fw-la consecrationem_fw-la hoc_fw-la &_o postea_fw-la consistunt_fw-la panis_n &_o vinum_fw-la prius_fw-la extitere_fw-la etc._n etc._n n._n 54._o the_o substance_n of_o the_o creature_n remain_v after_o consecration_n what_o they_o be_v before_o that_o be_v bread_n and_o wine_n indeed_o if_o the_o subject_n be_v only_o the_o outward_a species_n or_o accident_n of_o bread_n and_o
the_o force_n of_o the_o word_n nature_n itself_o do_v any_o way_n oblige_v he_o to_o it_o for_o 1._o st._n ambrose_n parallel_v the_o change_n make_v by_o consecration_n in_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n with_o several_a other_o which_o be_v not_o substantial_a change_n as_o the_o divide_v the_o water_n of_o the_o ibid._n the_o nun_n claret_n naturam_fw-la vel_fw-la maritimorum_fw-la fluctuum_fw-la vel_fw-la fluvialis_fw-la cursus_fw-la esse_fw-la mutatam_fw-la ambros_n ibid._n red_a sea_n and_o jordan_n the_o sweeten_v of_o the_o water_n of_o marah_n the_o cause_v of_o iron_n to_o swim_v which_o be_v only_o change_v of_o the_o natural_a quality_n not_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o thing_n 2._o neither_o do_v bertram_n expound_v st._n ambrose_n any_o way_n authorize_v that_o gloss_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n direct_v we_o to_o take_v the_o word_n nature_n in_o another_o sense_n by_o a_o express_a denial_n of_o any_o change_n in_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n as_o to_o liv._o to_o nam_fw-la secundum_fw-la creaturarum_fw-la substantiam_fw-la quod_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la ante_fw-la consecrationem_fw-la hoc_fw-la &_o postea_fw-la consistunt_fw-la panis_n &_o vinum_fw-la prius_fw-la extitere_fw-la etc._n etc._n n._n liv._o the_o substance_n of_o the_o creature_n they_o continue_v after_o consecration_n what_o they_o be_v before_o viz._n bread_n and_o wine_n 3._o neither_o will_v he_o say_v that_o the_o word_n nature_n can_v bear_v no_o other_o sense_n who_o contend_v that_o the_o word_n substance_n may_v signify_v no_o more_o than_o the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o it_o be_v gross_a trifle_a for_o i_o to_o labour_v in_o the_o proof_n of_o the_o contrary_a by_o example_n nevertheless_o i_o shall_v give_v he_o one_o out_o of_o salvian_n speak_v of_o some_o of_o those_o change_n which_o st._n ambrose_n parallel_v with_o that_o in_o the_o sacrament_n have_v prove_v god_n providence_n by_o miraculous_a method_n in_o which_o he_o bring_v the_o israelite_n out_o of_o egypt_n protect_v and_o feed_v they_o in_o the_o wilderness_n he_o go_v on_o thus_o 1669._o thus_o add_v huc_fw-la fontes_fw-la repentè_fw-fr natos_fw-la add_v medicatas_fw-la aquas_fw-la vel_fw-la datas_fw-la vel_fw-la immutatas_fw-la speciem_fw-la servante_n naturam_fw-la relinquentes_fw-la salu._n de_fw-fr gub._n l._n 1._o p._n 21._o edit_fw-la baluz_fw-fr par._n 1669._o to_o this_o add_v new_a fountain_n instant_o spring_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n also_o medicate_v water_n the_o one_o give_v miraculous_o the_o other_o change_v and_o make_v wholesome_a keep_n their_o species_n or_o natural_a substance_n and_o forsake_v their_o nature_n i._n e._n natural_a quality_n viz._n bitterness_n and_o unwholesomeness_n here_o species_n signify_v the_o substance_n and_o natura_n the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o bitterness_n another_o corrupt_a interpolation_n may_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o word_n which_o immediate_o follow_v n._n liv._o etc._n liv._o st._n ambroise_n dit_fw-fr due_a le_z changement_n qui_fw-fr se_fw-fr fait_fw-fr d'une_fw-fr choose_v en_fw-fr une_fw-fr autre_fw-fr est_fw-fr admirable_a etc._n etc._n dicit_fw-la sanctus_n ambrose_n in_o illo_fw-la mysterio_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la &_o corporis_fw-la christi_fw-la commutationem_fw-la esse_fw-la factam_fw-la &_o mirabiliter_fw-la etc._n etc._n st._n ambrose_n say_v that_o in_o this_o mystery_n of_o christ_n body_n and_o blood_n the_o change_n of_o one_o thing_n into_o another_o be_v admirable_a not_o to_o insist_v on_o his_o licentious_a alteration_n of_o the_o syntax_n i_o appeal_v to_o any_o man_n that_o understand_v latin_a whether_o ratram_n make_v st._n ambrose_n to_o say_v etc._n say_v st._n ambroise_n dit_fw-fr due_a le_z changement_n qui_fw-fr se_fw-fr fait_fw-fr d'une_fw-fr choose_v en_fw-fr une_fw-fr autre_fw-fr est_fw-fr admirable_a etc._n etc._n that_o in_o the_o sacrament_n one_o thing_n be_v change_v into_o another_o that_o be_v as_o mr._n boileau_n will_v have_v it_o 246._o it_o remarquer_n p._n 246._o one_o substance_n into_o another_o ratram_n infer_v no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o there_o be_v a_o change_n make_v which_o no_o body_n deny_v but_o that_o this_o change_n be_v of_o one_o thing_n or_o substance_n into_o another_o be_v mr._n boileau_n fiction_n who_o base_o impose_v on_o his_o reader_n both_o in_o his_o preface_n and_o remark_n cite_v this_o place_n so_o translate_v to_o prove_v that_o this_o author_n sentiment_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v different_a from_o those_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n whereas_o in_o the_o word_n immediate_o follow_v as_o i_o observe_v just_a before_o he_o deni_v express_o any_o substantial_a change_n i_o may_v add_v many_o more_o instance_n of_o his_o foul_a gloss_n insert_v into_o the_o text_n such_o as_o translate_n veritas_fw-la the_o visible_a and_o sensible_a truth_n or_o with_o all_o its_o dimension_n proprium_fw-la corpus_fw-la christi_fw-la the_o proper_a body_n of_o christ_n together_o with_o its_o natural_a property_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o be_o weary_a of_o trace_v he_o in_o these_o byway_n and_o shall_v i_o follow_v he_o further_o my_o trouble_n will_v be_v endless_a almost_o every_o paragraph_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o book_n be_v thus_o corrupt_v i_o shall_v therefore_o give_v but_o a_o example_n or_o two_o of_o his_o bold_a variation_n from_o the_o author_n word_n as_o well_o as_o sense_n n._n fourteen_o quaerendum_fw-la ergo_fw-la est_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_v qui_fw-la nihil_fw-la hic_fw-la figurate_a volunt_fw-la accipere_fw-la sed_fw-la totum_fw-la in_o veritatis_fw-la simplicitate_fw-la consistere_fw-la etc._n consistere_fw-la il_fw-fr faut_fw-fr donc_fw-fr demander_n comment_n ce_fw-fr changement_n soit_fw-fr fait_fw-fr de_fw-fr sort_n que_fw-fr les_fw-fr choses_fw-fr qui_fw-fr etoient_fw-fr auparavant_fw-fr ne_fw-fr soient_fw-fr plus_fw-fr c'est_fw-fr a_o dire_a que_fw-fr le_fw-fr pain_n &_o le_fw-fr vin_fw-fr qui_fw-fr etoient_fw-fr auparavant_fw-fr ne_fw-fr soient_fw-fr plus_fw-fr mais_fw-fr etc._n etc._n secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la demutatio_fw-la facta_fw-la sit_fw-la ut_fw-la jam_fw-la non_fw-la sint_fw-la quod_fw-la ante_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la videlicet_fw-la panis_n atque_fw-la vinum_fw-la sed_fw-la sint_fw-la corpus_fw-la atque_fw-la sanguis_fw-la christi_fw-la it_o must_v be_v demand_v of_o those_o who_o pretend_v that_o there_o be_v no_o figure_n and_o who_o maintain_v that_o all_o be_v there_o speak_v in_o the_o pure_a and_o simple_a verity_n how_o this_o change_n be_v make_v so_o that_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v before_o be_v no_o long_o that_o be_v the_o bread_n and_o wine_n which_o be_v or_o do_v exist_v before_o be_v or_o do_v exist_v no_o long_o but_o be_v become_v the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o j._n christ_n all_o that_o the_o author_n intend_v to_o say_v be_v no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o after_o consecration_n the_o element_n be_v not_o what_o they_o be_v before_o it_o but_o somewhat_o more_o excellent_a than_o common_a bread_n and_o wine_n viz._n the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n he_o never_o intend_v to_o deny_v the_o existence_n of_o the_o element_n as_o this_o version_n make_v he_o to_o do_v the_o word_n be_v plain_a and_o intelligible_a but_o mr._n boileau_n by_o some_o unknown_a rule_n of_o construction_n invert_v their_o natural_a order_n and_o join_v a_o nominative_a singular_a to_o a_o verb_n plural_a and_o then_o by_o a_o sort_n of_o logic_n as_o peculiar_a to_o himself_o make_v the_o predicate_v the_o subject_a of_o his_o proposition_n so_o render_v the_o passage_n as_o by_o a_o sunt_fw-la a_o a_o dicto_fw-la secundum_fw-la quid_fw-la ad_fw-la dictum_fw-la simpliciter_fw-la vel_fw-la ab_fw-la est_fw-la tertii_fw-la adjecti_fw-la ad_fw-la est_fw-la secundi_fw-la adjecti_fw-la in_o propositione_n negativa_fw-la quales_fw-la consequentiae_fw-la non_fw-la necessario_fw-la valent_fw-la &_o non_fw-la raro_fw-la falsissimae_fw-la sunt_fw-la notorious_a fallacy_n to_o make_v the_o author_n deny_v the_o existence_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n immediate_o after_o he_o have_v be_v prove_v it_o and_o against_o the_o scope_n of_o his_o discourse_n in_o this_o place_n for_o ratram_n thus_o argue_v against_o his_o adversary_n either_o consecration_n make_v a_o figurative_a change_n of_o the_o element_n or_o else_o it_o make_v no_o change_n the_o absurdity_n of_o say_v the_o latter_a be_v this_o that_o then_o the_o consecrate_a element_n be_v not_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n which_o to_o say_v be_v impious_a and_o to_o make_v good_a his_o consequence_n he_o remind_v they_o of_o what_o he_o have_v large_o prove_v just_o before_o that_o the_o element_n as_o to_o their_o species_n or_o nature_n have_v undergo_v no_o change_n there_o be_v no_o substance_n produce_v anew_o none_o corrupt_v nor_o yet_o so_o much_o as_o alter_v in_o its_o natural_a quality_n by_o consecration_n and_o therefore_o no_o physical_a change_n make_v thereby_o but_o mr._n boileau_n be_v resolve_v in_o defiance_n both_o of_o priscian_n and_o aristotle_n to_o make_v poor_a ratram_n say_v what_o he_o please_v i_o hope_v it_o may_v be_v deny_v of_o the_o water_n in_o baptism_n or_o the_o chrism_n or_o a_o church_n after_o consecration_n that_o they_o be_v what_o they_o be_v before_o that_o be_v common_a
his_o most_o holy_a passion_n he_o add_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v find_v out_o more_o proper_a to_o signify_v the_o unity_n between_o the_o head_n and_o member_n than_o those_o species_n for_o as_o the_o bread_n consist_v of_o many_o grain_n be_v by_o water_n reduce_v into_o one_o body_n and_o as_o the_o wine_n be_v press_v out_o of_o many_o grape_n thus_o also_o be_v the_o body_n of_o christ_n make_v up_o of_o the_o unite_a multitude_n of_o saint_n observe_v that_o in_o the_o word_n immediate_o precede_v our_o author_n style_v these_o species_n the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n and_o in_o the_o follow_a word_n describe_v the_o way_n in_o which_o they_o be_v make_v and_o thereby_o adapt_v to_o signify_v the_o union_n between_o christ_n and_o his_o member_n he_o call_v they_o simple_o bread_n and_o wine_n the_o same_o author_n walafridus_n author_n vnde_fw-la eutychianus_n xxviii_o sedis_fw-la pomanae_fw-la praesul_fw-la constituit_fw-la fruges_fw-la super_fw-la altar_n tantum_fw-la fabae_fw-la &_o wae_fw-la benedici_fw-la alias_o autem_fw-la diversarum_fw-la species_n rerum_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la ubilibet_fw-la benedici_fw-la a_o sacerdotibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n ibid._n cap._n 18._o fruges_fw-la &_o species_n pro_fw-la synonymis_fw-la habuit_fw-la walafridus_n use_v the_o word_n species_n for_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o cite_v for_o it_o a_o forge_a decretal_a epistle_n under_o the_o name_n of_o pope_n eutychian_n which_o order_v all_o other_o species_n that_o be_v fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n except_o what_o by_o the_o apostle_n constitution_n may_v be_v offer_v on_o the_o altar_n to_o be_v bring_v home_o to_o the_o priest_n to_o receive_v benediction_n and_o the_o species_n allow_v to_o be_v bless_v on_o the_o altar_n be_v bean_n and_o grape_n and_o regino_n cite_v that_o canon_n of_o the_o apostle_n to_o which_o walafridus_n or_o rather_o the_o pretend_a eutychian_a refer_v give_v it_o this_o title_n apost_n title_n quae_fw-la species_n ad_fw-la altar_n non_fw-la ad_fw-la sacrificium_fw-la sed_fw-la ad_fw-la benedictionem_fw-la simplicem_fw-la debent_fw-la offerri_fw-la regino_n de_fw-fr discip_n eccles_n l._n 1._o c._n 64._o ex_fw-la can._n 4._o apost_n what_o species_n ought_v to_o be_v offer_v at_o the_o altar_n not_o for_o sacrifice_n but_o for_o simple_a benediction_n and_o the_o canon_n mention_n etc._n mention_n praeter_fw-la novas_fw-la spicas_fw-la &_o be_v &_o oleum_fw-la &_o thymiama_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la incensum_fw-la can._n 5._o reliqua_fw-la poma_fw-la omne_fw-la ad_fw-la domum_fw-la episcopi_fw-la vel_fw-la presbyteri_fw-la dirigantur_fw-la etc._n etc._n ear_n of_o new_a corn_n grape_n oil_n and_o incense_n now_o in_o these_o instance_n none_o can_v doubt_v but_o by_o species_n the_o specific_a nature_n the_o substance_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v and_o not_o the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o the_o particular_n mention_v in_o the_o very_a same_o sense_n arnobius_n junior_n 104._o junior_n non_fw-la solum_fw-la speciem_fw-la frumenti_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o vini_n &_o olei_fw-la administrans_fw-la arnob._n in_o ps_n 104._o use_v the_o term_n speak_v of_o god_n bounty_n to_o the_o israelite_n who_o he_o furnish_v not_o only_o with_o the_o species_n of_o corn_n but_o also_o with_o those_o of_o wine_n and_o oil_n and_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o unconsecrated_a element_n be_v style_v species_n from_o a_o prayer_n in_o the_o gothick_n missal_n to_o be_v use_v after_o the_o sanctus_n which_o be_v before_o consecration_n 1680._o consecration_n ut_fw-la dominus_fw-la &_o deus_fw-la noster_fw-la speciem_fw-la istam_fw-la svo_fw-la ministerio_fw-la consecrandam_fw-la coelestibus_fw-la gratiae_fw-la inspiratione_n sanctificet_fw-la missale_n gothicum_n p._n 375._o collectio_fw-la post_fw-la sanctus_n in_o codd_n sacramentorum_fw-la editis_fw-la per_fw-la thomasium_fw-la quarto_fw-la romae_fw-la 1680._o most_o dear_a brethren_n let_v we_o pray_v that_o our_o lord_n and_o god_n will_v sanctify_v by_o the_o inspiration_n of_o his_o heavenly_a grace_n this_o species_n which_o be_v to_o be_v consecrate_a etc._n etc._n now_o here_o species_n must_v necessary_o import_v the_o substance_n for_o our_o adversary_n themselves_o do_v not_o pretend_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o bread_n and_o wine_n cease_v before_o consecration_n but_o in_o regard_n m._n boileau_n will_v have_v it_o that_o ratram_n learn_v this_o use_n of_o the_o word_n from_o st._n ambrose_n and_o particular_o from_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sacramentis_fw-la i_o shall_v crave_v leave_v a_o little_a more_o large_o to_o expose_v the_o falsehood_n and_o indecent_a confidence_n of_o that_o assertion_n that_o the_o instance_n produce_v by_o m._n boileau_n be_v impertinent_a and_o mistake_v i_o have_v already_o show_v and_o shall_v now_o make_v some_o instance_n to_o disprove_v his_o pretence_n entire_o in_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr initiandis_fw-la which_o more_o plausible_o pretend_v to_o the_o authority_n of_o st._n ambrose_n than_o the_o six_o book_n of_o the_o sacrament_n which_o follow_v it_o we_o have_v manifest_a example_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o word_n species_n for_o the_o specific_a nature_n or_o substance_n 4._o substance_n speciem_fw-la autem_fw-la pro_fw-la veritate_fw-la legimus_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr christo_n &_o specie_fw-la inventus_fw-la ut_fw-la homo_fw-la &_o dâ—_n patre_fw-la deo_fw-la neque_fw-la speciem_fw-la ejus_fw-la vidistis_fw-la ambr._n de_fw-fr iis_fw-la qui_fw-la mist_n initiantur_fw-la c._n 4._o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o word_n species_n be_v sometime_o use_v to_o signify_v the_o truth_n and_o not_o the_o bare_a resemblance_n as_o when_o it_o be_v say_v of_o christ_n that_o he_o be_v find_v in_o specie_fw-la in_o fashion_n as_o a_o man_n and_o of_o god_n the_o father_n neither_o have_v you_o at_o any_o time_n see_v his_o species_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o this_o author_n understand_v by_o species_n in_o the_o first_o place_n christ_n true_a humane_a nature_n and_o in_o the_o latter_a the_o divine_a substance_n or_o essence_n 9_o essence_n gravior_n est_fw-la enim_fw-la ferri_fw-la species_n quam_fw-la aquarum_fw-la liquor_n cap._n 9_o for_o the_o species_n of_o iron_n be_v heavy_a than_o the_o liquor_n of_o water_n here_o species_n ferri_fw-la impli_v the_o substance_n of_o iron_n and_o the_o author_n who_o some_o age_n after_o st._n ambrose_n enlarge_v this_o tract_n into_o six_o sermon_n 28._o sermon_n the_o four_o of_o these_o be_v among_o st._n augustine_n sermon_n de_fw-fr verbis_fw-la dom._n serm._n 28._o which_o have_v long_o pass_v for_o so_o many_o book_n of_o that_o father_n on_o the_o sacrament_n but_o plain_o appear_v both_o by_o the_o beginning_n and_o conclusion_n to_o be_v homily_n i_o say_v that_o author_n expound_v species_n by_o matter_n or_o substance_n say_v of_o iron_n 4._o iron_n est_fw-la enim_fw-la matery_n gravior_n quam_fw-la aquarum_fw-la est_fw-la elementum_fw-la de_fw-fr sacram._n l._n 4._o c._n 4._o for_o it_o be_v a_o more_o weighty_a substance_n than_o the_o element_n of_o water_n again_o 9_o again_o ante_fw-la benedictionem_fw-la verborum_fw-la coelestium_fw-la species_n nominatur_fw-la post_fw-la consecrationem_fw-la corpus_fw-la christi_fw-la significatur_fw-la de_fw-fr initiandis_fw-la c._n 9_o before_o consecration_n the_o species_n be_v name_v after_o consecration_n the_o body_n of_o christ_n 69._o christ_n de_fw-fr consecr_n do_v 3._o c._n 69._o gratian_n cite_v the_o word_n thus_o before_o consecration_n another_o species_n be_v name_v and_o the_o gloss_n glossa_fw-la gloss_n alia_fw-la species_n i._n e._n alterius_fw-la rei_fw-la species_n id_fw-la est_fw-la substantia_fw-la fuit_fw-la glossa_fw-la expound_v the_o word_n species_n by_o substance_n as_o the_o homilist_n 4._o homilist_n panis_n iste_fw-la panis_n est_fw-la ante_fw-la verba_fw-la sacramentorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n l._n 4._o c._n 4._o dixi_fw-la vobis_fw-la quod_fw-la ante_fw-la verba_fw-la christi_fw-la quod_fw-la offertur_fw-la panis_n dicatur_fw-la etc._n etc._n ibid._n l._n 5._o c._n 4._o do_v by_o bread_n twice_o also_o our_o ambrosiaster_n in_o his_o comparison_n between_o the_o supernatural_a effect_n of_o baptism_n and_o the_o miracle_n wrought_v by_o the_o prophet_n elisha_n when_o he_o make_v iron_n to_o swim_v say_v that_o 4._o that_o vbi_fw-la baptizatus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la non_fw-la tanquam_fw-la ferrum_fw-la sed_fw-la tanquam_fw-la jam_fw-la levior_fw-la fructuosi_n ligni_fw-la species_n levatur_fw-la de_fw-fr sacram._n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o before_o baptism_n every_o man_n sink_v like_o iron_n but_o when_o baptize_v he_o rise_v like_o the_o light_a species_n of_o fruitful_a wood._n in_o this_o place_n who_o doubt_v but_o he_o intend_v the_o substance_n and_o not_o the_o appearance_n of_o wood_n in_o the_o three_o book_n he_o say_v the_o 1._o the_o hesterno_fw-la die_fw-la de_fw-la fonte_fw-la baptismatis_fw-la disputavimus_fw-la cujus_fw-la species_n veluti_fw-la quaedam_fw-la sepulchri_fw-la forma_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-fr sacra_fw-la l._n 3._o c._n 1._o species_n of_o the_o font_n be_v of_o the_o form_n of_o a_o grave_a where_o doubtless_o he_o mean_v the_o very_a font-stone_n or_o if_o not_o than_o its_o figure_n unite_v with_o the_o stone_n again_o he_o start_v a_o objection_n 4._o objection_n forte_n dicis_fw-la speciem_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la non_fw-la video_fw-la sed_fw-la habet_fw-la