feed upon garbage carrion or cittie filth and the like are not so sweet wholsome and pleasant as they which feed themselves in seas and rivers they injoying the benefit of fresh aire agreable water and meat correspondent to their own nature In respect of place those that live in fennes being more muddy and lesse exercised are full of excrements most slimy unsavory last digested and soonest corrupted those of great lakes are better the pond-pond-fish are soone fatted having much meat and little exercise but they are not so sweet as river fish except they have been kept in rivers to scoure themselves especially if kept in standing ponds not fed with continual springs nor refreshed with fresh waters those of rivers if troubled and defiled with the filth of great citties are bad for the stomach of grosse substance and of difficult excretion but those of clear waters are better than the lakish and they are best and most wholsome and light when they live in rocky sandy or gravelled rivers running northward or eastward and are best when swimming up highest but those that live in slow short and muddy rivers are excrementitious of corrupt juyce and of a bad smell and evil taste the marine living in seas agitated with the wind and boreal have very good flesh by reason of their exercise and purity of the wind and sea fish is not only the sweetest of all other but the least hurtful and though their substance be thicker and more fleshy yet it 's most light and easy of concoction and wholsome the salt water washing away the inward filth it 's lesse moist and clammy easier of concoction sooner turned into blood and every way fitter for mans body when the next continent is clean gravely sandy or rockey and northeast and not calme or muddy the pelagious living in the bottom of the sea are of a hard flesh hardly concocted but of much nourishment the littoral by exercise dissipating the excrements of their feeding are better than the former the saxatil are easily concocted of good juyce abstersive light and of little nourishment sc those that keep their place and feeding the wanderers by reason of their constant motion and beating of the waves have harder flesh the fossile have a hard and unpleasant flesh and sometimes have been so bad that all have dyed that have eate thereof the Amphibii living partly on the land partly in the water by reason of the variety of their meat and motion are hardly approved of also fishes of the same kind and species differ in their goodnesse according to the healthfulnesse of the place in which they live and some are better in the ocean than in the mediterranean and the contrary Note that be a fish well grown it sheweth it's heal thy if fat it 's young and new it 's sweet and keepeth but till the next day if fed in a muddy or filthy water it soon corrupting also sodden fish or broiled is presently to be eaten hot for kept cold in one day if without pickle or vineger it will corrupt and hurt the eater and if taken out of a pan it 's not to be covered with a platter least the congealed vapour drop thence and so cause vomiting scouring or corruption in the veines also before the eating of a fish dinner the body is not to be heated with exercise least the juyce too soone drawn by the liver corrupt the whole masse of blood neither is it to be sodden or eaten without salt pepper wine onions or hot spices all fish compared with flesh being cold and moist of little nourishment engendring watrish and thin blood though crabs skate cockles and oisters procure lust yet it 's not by great nourishment but by wind making sharp nature and tickling and such sperme is unfruitful furthermore those fish which are scaly and have a substance that crumbles easily are more wholsome than those that are without them being of a dryer substance but the other are more slimy moist and glutinous As for the Parts of fishes The head in some is edible as that of the mullet salmon umber and carp The tongue is tender and fat in the dolphin sweet in the carp and causeth venery â—he eyes in the salmon are tender and fat The barbs are counted delicate The neck and throat salted are pleasant and hardly vitiated The livers of the aselli are counted better than those of other fishes and that of the sheath-fish is so sweet that it causeth nauseousnesse that of the pike rosted and seasoned with the juyce of an orange is not inferiour to that of geese The sides of sturgians and lampreys are commended The bowells are commended in the scarus and are pleasant in the dolphin by their taste and smell The belly of the huso tasteth like hoggs flesh that of tunies is to be seasoned with salt vineger and fennel The lactes are commended in the huso and lamprey The abdomen in the tuny is fat and savorie The intestines are commended in the pike salmon asellus conger The ilia of the flounder are commended also The Ioines are counted good in the sphyraena The taile in the pike and tunie is desireable The skin of the tench is by some women preferred before the flesh The egges or spawn of perches broil'd of carps sod and fried of the pike salmon and huso seasoned are desireable but those of barbels cause pain in the belly As for medicine the crustaceous or testaceous are all of a saline and tartareous nature and yeeld excellent remedies to resolve the stone or tartar to help the strangury dysury ischury and difficulties and suppression of urin the collick passion and tartareous diseases of the lungs c. And outwardly they are used in dentifrices especially if burnt also they consolidate and dry chaps in the skin And all kinds of stones found in the heads of fishes powdred and drunk in wine help the collick and stone in the reines 4. Of Serpents there are few that are eaten or that eate them And as for medicine the body having the head and taile cut off and intrals cast away being flead well washed boiled with wine with aromatized broth is commended against the leprosy The fume provoketh the menses Boiled in oile with the flowers of cowslips it helps the gout The ashes helpe fistula's And as for the parts The eye applied is said to help epiphora's The heart bitten or applied helps the toothach The liver eaten is said to be prophylactick The gall helps bitings of mad dogs tasted caseth delivery and applied helps the hemorrhoids The blood makes red the lips applied cleanseth the skin and helps stinking of the gumms The fat with other things helps the french disease the palsey and gout boiled with may butter and strained and with bulls gall in pessaries it helps sterility The flesh cleanseth the skin and a dramme of the powder taken with syrup of honey helps the leprosy also it helps wounds and cut sinews The
is ever best agreeing with all times ages and complexions The tongue is most nourishing the spawn heavy and unwholesome the fish sweet and nourishing and is best when boiled yet some bake them with spice fruit and butter the head of which is most esteemed as the taile of a Pike and the belly of a Bream for their tendernesse shortness and well relishing Gesn The fatt helps paines in hot griefes Kiran. The same causeth venery and conception being applied The gall helps dimnesse of the eyes Jov. The tongue increaseth venery Rondel The stone in the head helps the heate of feavers quenching thirst and cooling some Affirme that being held in the mouth it stops bleeding at the nose Schrod It helps the collick stone and falling sicknesse so the two stones above the eyes Jonst They are best when fresh and somewhat like a Salmon or Trout Cooke-fish Merula P. Amongst rocks and in holes M. Of the same as the Thrush-fish N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Merulus Tinca marina Aspratilis piscis Cooke-fish Plin. T. It 's mentioned amongst laudable fishes being tender soft and of easy concoction it nourishes little and begetteth good juyce V. Being sod they help such as have feavers Tral It 's good for such as have the epilepsy and the hepatick dysentery of a cold cause as also the Thrush-fish Mullet Plin. They help the heat of the liver Gal. They are not only easily concocted but very wholesome and cause bloud of a midle consistence Salv. In white broth they help those that are sick By those that are well they may be eaten fried with oile Muff. They have their name seeming to season themselves with salt and spices when sod And their Latin name because alwayes alone Jonst They are like Tenches They are taken by angling with Shrimps which they hate Cocks c. Pectines P. In Normanie in sandy places M. Of little Cuttles and other smal fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Novacula Plin. Pavo Gesn Cocks and Cokles Scrib Larg T. Strengthen the stomach Plin. They increase flesh Muff. and lust Being of so hot a nature that they fly above the water like an arrow in the summer nights Alex. Ben. Some by too much eating of them have become fooles Their broth looseneth the body but their substance stayeth it Gal. They are very good meat but bad for such as are troubled with the stone or epilepsy They are best in May being then fullest lustiest and cleanest of gravel which they may be made to cast out by keeping them a day in brine renewing the same The greatest and whitest are the best and best fried but good also sod in water with salt pepper parsly dried mints and cinnamon after the French fashion The Cockles are called Pectunculi Jonst. V. They are easier of concoction than Oisters and provoke urin They nourish best rosted in their shels and helpe the collick Muff. Scalopes Pectines veneris are of the same nature Crab. Cancer P. In soft and stony places in England and other places M. Of shelfishes and the polypus N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Crab. Jonst T. Their substance is hard therefore they are hardly concocted but of firme aliment so Gal. Athen. c. V. Plin. They help the bitings of Serpents they help carbuncles in the privities of Women with salt Their juice boiled in vineger helps the strangury Their juyce with the distilled water of the flowers of blewbottles facilitates the breeding of teeth in young children The powder of Ranzovius helps dissections of the nerves Schrod Crabs refrigerate moisten ease paine fixe troubled spirits therefore they are of very good use in heat and paine of the head and reines applied as a cataplasme The juyce helps the quinsey Taken with the water of celondine it helps the atrophy Applyed they draw out arrows and splinters They help S. Anthonies fire and burnings The eyes or stones coole dry cleanse discusse breake the stone and resolve tartar and coagulated bloud therefore they are of great use in pleuresies asthma's and the collick c. the powder thereof being taken crude or burnt and prepared the same cleanseth the teeth The shell is of the same vertue and also helps the itch in children caused by salt humours being applied with oile of roses it driveth away the paroxismes of intermitting feavers They are best when new The ashes of Crabs is drying it helps against the biting of mad Doggs Being taken with the root of gentian With honey it helps the clefts of the feet and fundament and warts thereof The same helps the dysentery The D. is a little sponeful for some considerable time The water of Crabs is diuretick lithontriptick and dipsosbestick That of Querc Pharm Rest Helpeth inflammations burnings and cancers especially if impregnated with the fatt Hart. in pract The D. of the oile of the eyes is g. foure to six Of the claws hereof c. is made the Gascoigns powder Pharm L. Crabs of the Sea Muff. The great ones are called Paguri and the best sort thereof Hippeis The little sort are called Pinnotheres defending themselves by Oisters These of all are the lightest and wholesomest next to them are the ordinary Crabs but of harder digestion both nourish much and help consumptions of the lungs and spitting of bloud so Diosc Plin. Avic c. Especially Asses milk being drunk with them They are to be sodden in water having their vents stopped for such as are costive and in wine if loose the femal having spawn are best The greater Sea Crabs either smooth or rough are strong and lushish of hard digestion overheating and inflaming the body but the lesser coole and moisten the brooth of all of them consumes the stone and helps quartans drunk every morning fasting They are best in season at the spring and fall as also at the full of the moon Jonst drach 2. of Sea Crabs drunk in nurses milk help the strangury in children Avic As also quartans the itch weeping of the eyes Plin. and cankers The River Crabs are edible at any time but are best in summer Avic Being eaten with barley water they help those that are hectick V. They have the same vertues as the rest for the most part Their ashes help against all poysons especially of the Scorpion with milk so Plin. and Diosc Aeg. And of vipers in wine The same helps the bitings of a mad Dog Galen useth them with asarum to draw out water and Hippocrates for the womb That called Majas is dressed as the former Their description is needlesse being a round large shell-fish They copulate by the sore part they goe thwartwise they fight like Rams and feed on Oisters c. by casting in a stone when they open themselves They lie hid when they cast their shells Cramp-fish Torpedo P. In Nilus and muddy places of the Sea M. They feed on fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Stupefactor Stupescor Cramp-fish Gal. T. This as also the Forkfish amongst those that are Cartilagineous
so Pliny Bell. Jonst They are the best of all Shell-fishes Gal. Their flesh is moist and tenacious of thick juyce and engendring a thick cold and crude humour being raw they have a salt humour which mooveth the belly and causeth Satyrisme Being boiled and loosing their moisture they cause murmuring so Jov. Jul. Alex. by reason of their great softnesse of flesh they are easily concocted and rather beget flegme than crude humours Being broiled on a gridiron with spice and salt they are not hurtful Plin. Being crude they recreate the stomach and help loathing of Meate They are best at the decrease of the Moon V. Being boiled with mulse and Pepper they help the tenesmus Myreps The ashes of their shells help ulcers of the lippes c. And whiten the teeth Plin. With old urine They help eruptions and running ulcers Rond A lixive made therewith helps oedematous tumours of the feet and knees for it dryeth digesteth much and heateth if not washed Schrod They attract the poyson of pestilent buboes to them used to the arms or thighs so Holl. P. Perch Perca P. They live in the Thames and Avon c. M. Of Fishes even of their own kinde N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Persicinus Hisp c. Percá PErch Muff. T. They are a most firme tender white and nourishing Fish Ausonius preferreth them before Pikes Roches Mullets and all other Fish they are commended also by Hessus Diocles Hippocrates and Galen They are ever in season except in March and April when they Spawn As the oldest and greatest Eele is best so the middle sized Pike and Perch are alwayes most wholesome They may be sod in wine vineger water and salt and then eaten hot or covered with wine vineger and eaten cold they so both cooling a distempered feaverish stomach and giving much nourishment to a weake body Aldrov The stones in their braines help the stone in the reines and other pungent griefes in the sides Aldrov The Sea-perch is as the former The broth loosens the belly The head with honey helps pustules c. Perwinckles Cochleae marinae P. Their abiding place is about the Sea-shore M. Of the finest mud and best weeds N. Their names are not much observed Perwinckles or Whelks Muff. T. Are very nourishing and restorative being sod in their own Sea water The whitest flesht are ever best and tenderest and those that are taken in clean creeks eat pleasantly but those of muddy shores strangly and offend the eye-sight They are best in Winter and the spring for a resolved stomach and liver Apicius would have the covering of their holes taken away after boiling being unwholesome For sound persons they may be sod with water salt and vineger also for the sick they may be seethed and steeped in new milk or fried in a Pan with butter and salt Pike Lucius P. In Rivers and Pooles almost every where M. They feed upon Fishes and Frogges c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Oxyrynchus Strab. Esox Plin. Pike Lon. T. They are so wholesome that they may be given to sick Women Arnold These as also the Perch are best when of a meane size and in the first degree of goodnesse The flesh is more white friable and subtile than that of the Carp Note Physicians choose the lesser Fishes and those of a midle age They are best in July and October The hinder part is best Plat. The greater are best boiled they may also be fried or broild so Gesn Their spawn is as bad as that of the Barbel causing the cholerick passion The powder purgeth the belly Drach 1. of the ashes of the jaws helps the stone it dryeth up ulcers of the privities Alex. Ben. Drunk in wine it's diuretick applied it cures the piles The powder of the teeth helps the whites so the jaws also the pleuresy and secundine Muff. The great are hard and tough the little moist Schrod The gall taken cureth the ague outwardly it helps spots and dimnesse of the eyes c. The heart helps the paroxismes in feavers Their mandibles dry and cleanse and help difficulty in Child-birth The powder used outwardly helps the Synovia and mundifieth old ulcers The cruciforme bone of the head taken helps the Epilesy some use it as a periapt against enchauntments The fat is used to the soles of the feet and breasts of infants to revelle catarrhes and ease the cough the destilled water of the gall helps the eyes Jonst The ashes of their bones if salted serve in steed of spodium They live 200. yeares Dubrav They beare antipathy to the Frog Pikes of the Sea Lucii Muff. Are a most dainty Fish and more sweet tender and crisper than River Pikes and may be eaten by aguish persons weake stomachs and Women in Child-bed They feed upon young fry and spawns of Fish And by continual swimming against the surges they become tenderer than fresh water Pikes though not so fat Gal. Those in the pure Sea are sweet in taste and smell and laste longe Hices They are of good juyce but not of much nourishment They are best in Winter Xenoc. Those of a meane bignesse are best being tender of good juyce sweet acceptable to the stomach nourishing much being of easy distribution and quickly carried through the Body Diocles preferreth the broiled and Platina saith they have a superfluous moisture The diverse way of dressing may be seene in Apicius The venter helps digestion the Fish botches the stone headaches and the nephritik the gall helps the eyes and the egges the stomach Pilchers Alausae minores P. Their abiding is in the Sea and neere the shore M. Of the excrements of the Sea and love beets N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sarda Minsh Gall. Sardine Pilchers Muff. T. Are firmer and fuller than Herrings and their bodies rounder neither are they of so aguish an operation they are best broiled having lien a day in salt and eaten with butter salt and pepper Plaise Passeres P. In the Sea Lakes and Rivers in England and other places M. Their meate is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Platessa Ausonii Platusa Minsh Plaise Muff. T. They are of good wholesome and fine nourishment Arnold Vill. They as also Soles are to be numbred next to Rochets and Gurnards being eaten in time else they are carrion-like and troublesome to the belly of man The best Plaise have blackest spots as the best Flounders reddest and the thicker is most commended and such as are taken upon the Eastern coast as Rye Sandwich and Dover Philot. They are a soft fish but Diocles counteth them more dry Xenoc. They have a hard flesh not subject to corruption engendring a good juyce and meanely mooving the belly Gal. They are betwixt hard and soft Aet They are to be shunned in the collick from cold and pituitous humours The Marine are the best being more firme dry and delicate then those of Pooles and lastly those of Rivers Plat. They are to be boiled with stone parsely
eaten by those that live neere the Sea V. Plin. the right finns laied under the head cause sleepe Shoos made of the skin help the gout so of that of the Lion Woolf Foxe or Hyena Avic The flesh helps the epilepsy and suffocation of the matrix Hipp. The fatt helps womens diseases used inwardly or outwardly with bitumen barly chaffe Goats dung and Hares furre burnt c. Plin. The same helps the leprosy and mentagra Plin. The curd with penax helps the epilepsy in wine it helps the lethargy and the quinsy with peucedanum They differ in shape from all other fishes sheath-Sheath-fish Silurus P. They live and abide in muddy waters M. They live upon flesh and small fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Glanus Solaris piscis Sheath-fish Salv. T. They have a hard flesh and not very sweet The greater are hardly concocted Kentm They are of good taste and usefull in meate both fresh and salted The lesser may be boiled And the greater used as the Sturgian Note the veine in the back is to be taken out and then they are to be prepared as the Eele Jonst As for the description Their body is of a dimme colour the mouth blunt and the jaws rough they grow to the weight of 200. pound They generate like Froggs and the males looke to the spawn 40. or 50. dayes till they are of the bignesse of a pease Shrimp Squilla P. They live and remaine in muddy places M. They live upon oisters and reets N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Scyllà 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gibba Shrimp Muff. T. The healthfull recover sick and consumed persons and are of the best juyce For healthfull persons they may be boiled in salt water with a little vineger but for the sick first wash them in barly water then scale them alive and seeth them in chickens broth so they are as restorative as the best Crabs or Crevises If sodden with their scales they cause venery The great Shrimps also are good for the purpose aforesaid but the cruckt backt are sweetest and most temperate Jonst They are hardly concocted and hurt the stomach V. applied they draw out things fixed in the flesh They serve to catch Mullets and Pikes withall Skate Squatina P. They live in dirty and deep places M. They live upon flesh and fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Squatus Lima Vallae Celtes Skate Aldrovand T. They are friable but not of sweet smell yet yeelding moist aliment Gal. They are hard difficultly concocted and nourish much Diph. They are cartilaginous and all cartilaginious things engender flatulency are carnose hardly concocted and if much used dull the eye sight in so much that Rusticks meddle not with them for their ferine smell hardnesse and want of sweetnesse V. Hipp. Boiled they help grosse disseases from phlegme as also the third kind of tabes Rond The oile of the liver helps the hardnesse of the liver with celtick spike storax and wormwood The dryed eggs stop all fluxes of the belly the skin helps scabs the ashes help running ulcers of the head and the alopecia Plin. Applied they hinder the dugg's growing Muff. They are venerious and like the Thornback in forme and quality but better and skind file-like Jonst As for their description They sometimes grow to 160. pound they are of an ash colour their skin is used as a file to polish ivory and wood with They bring forth twice a yeare seven or eight young ones at a time they catch-fish by hiding themselves in the sand and mooving their Rades like worms which the fish take and so are taken They often copulate with the Thornback Smelts Violaceae P. They live about Kew Brainford and Westchester c. M. Of gnats nitts and lice c. N. Eperlanus Rond Epelanus Viola Perlanus Minsh Gal. Eperlón Smelts Muff. T. They are of finest lightest softest and best juyce of all other fish They are best in winter and when full of spawn The western are the greatest and best Their gall is to be taken away and then their livers gutts bellies and fatt are great restoratives They are to be sod in hot boiling water and salt Their sauce is butter and verjuice with a little grosse pepper but civil oranges if fried They smell like violets Aldrov And are about half a foot long Sole Solea P. Their abiding is in most Seas about England c. M. Their meate is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lingulaca Saraulis Sandalium Sole Aldrov T. They are of a most sweet taste and therefore compared to the Partridg And are of a mean juyce Gal. and therefore are substituted to saxatile fishes in sweetnesse and the quantity of aliment and goodnesse of juice they are better than the Plaise but of more hard and solid flesh they are easily concocted and not excrementitious but they are a little glutinous and of hard flesh not being easily corrupted and being long preserved whereas all flesh first groweth tender at length putrifieth by external heat so insipid tastes are first gentle and pleasant and after troublesome by acrimony So Xenocrates they are best in the winter and fried and eaten with the juyce of oranges and pepper Muff. They are good for sick people and of few excrements They are to be fried with parsly butter and verjuyce and sauced with oranges Sprats Chalcides P. They are neere the shores of England and other places M. Of the excrements of the Sea N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sardina Sardella Sprats Aldrov Hices Athen. T. They are squalid leane and not of copious aliment V. They help against the biting of the prester Marcel The powder of their heads helps against botches and paines of the throat as also against the swelling stench and Canker of the gummes Bras Taken before meate they loosen the belly as also other salt Fishes So the head used as a suppository Muff. They smell well when new and fresh being like the River Smelt but their flesh is queasy corruptible and aguish especially in a weake stomach They are worst being smoaked or fried indifferent sodden and best broiled Spurlings Chalcides Majores pickled like Anchovaes exceed them after Turners way The red cause appetite and help it Apuae infumatae Starre-gazer Vranoscopus P. Their abiding place is in the Seas M. Of Flesh and unpleasant water N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pulcher. Tapecon Starre-gazer T. Aelian Some commend the Fish as edible others deny it Diph. They have an unpleasant smell and taste or rankish V. Hippocrates useth them against white flegme diseases from obstruction and the dropsy as also the Dragon Scorpion and Curre being most dry Diosc Therefore their galls are very usefull in Physick above the other and help suffusions of the eyes therefore some say it helped the eyes of Tobias Plin. It helps cicatrices and consumeth supervacaneous flesh With oile of roses it helps the eares and Apollonius useth it with the slough of a Snake and Bulls or Goats gall Jonst They
and plaise or smooth and not scaled and they are not plaine as the Sandilz dragon dracunculus star-gazer roughtaile mackrel colia saurus corax or smooth and plaine as the Platessa sea flounder 2. Marine and Fluviatile both and are squammose or scaled as the Salmon pike latus alosa ziga mugil capriscus sturgeon galeus rhodius and cataphractus or smooth as the Huso eperlanus lamprey eele orbes holosteos and catan 3. Fluviatile or living in rivers and are squammose or scaled as the Trout grailing umber barbel capitones little rapacious and reddish dace oxyrinchus Rond corvus niloticus nasus gudgin capitate and not capitate pisciculus asper cobites aculeate and barbatula phoxinus bubulca and roche or smooth as the Attilus antacaei ichthyocolla glanis barbota mustela fossil fishes stonebright and salmerinus or living in rivers and other sweet waters as the Perch ruffes scrollus bley jack carp breame ballerus tench and lota or lakish as the Vmbla trout carp lavaretus bezola albula parva albus farra pigus schilus sarachus 4. Exotick and they are either squammose as the Tajasica paru pira acangata acarauna guaperua piranema acarapucu pudiano vermelho pudiano verde juruucapeba jaguaraca carauna cururuca guatacuba juba pira jarumenbeca tamoata acara pira pixanga vubarana capeuna acarapitamba jaguacaguare curimata tareira d'Alto tareira de Rio piratiapia ceixupira piquitinga camuri gvara capema miivipera guaibi coara guaperua piraya amore guacu guacari piraumbu acaraja acara guaru-guaru cucupu-guacu maturaque carapo piaba piabucu nhaquunda amore pixuma amore tinga guara tereba piracoaba corocoro guatucufa uribaco guarerva camaripuguacu piratia pua curema parati and aramaca or smooth that altogether so as Guamaiacu ape petimbuaba nhambdia guaperua curvata pinima puraque piscis innominatus mucu abacatuaia acaramucu punaru timucu guebucu bagre ajereba jabebirete niqui and guatacupu or not altogether so as the Guacucuja guamajacu guara and guamajacu attinga narinari tiburones and iperuquiba or monstrous c. as the fish Anthropomorphos remora piscis goensis oxototl pusta michipillin ambiza piscis mularis piscis tauriformis and amilotl 5. Cetaceous as the Whale whirle-poole pustes orca dolphin parpaise cetaceous scolopender sea-calfe and indian manati 6. Exanguine aquaticks which are either soft as the Polypus cuttle loligo and sea hare or Crustate and are either tailed as the Lobster astacus or crevisse shrimp broad gibbous and little or round as the Crab majus grampel hippeis undulate marmorate fluviatile little and cancellus Of Brasil Guaja apara guaia miri carara una cunuru ciecie ete ciri apoa nca una guanhumi aratu pinima maracoani potiquiquiya tamaru guacu paranacare guaricuru or testaceous and are turbinate which are either involute as the Nautilus purple buccinum murex marmorecus triangularie white purple orthocentros coracoides aporrhais and conchylium or orbicular as the Welke trochi nerita cochlea sea urchin spatagus brissus echinometra or conchylious and bivalve as the Chama oister pectines muscles tellinae balani pholades solen nakre or univalve as the Lepas and concha venerea as for Zoophytes or plant-animalls they are Vrticae marinae pulmo marinus holothuria tethyia mentula marina malum granatum fungus marinus penna marina uva marina cucumer marinus malum insanum and manus marina IIII. Serpents which are 1. The vulgar and lesser are either terrestrial or living upon the land as the Viper ammodyte horned serpent hemorrhe sepedon aspe dipsas scytal double head slow-worme myllet dart dryine elaps and snake the exotick and chiefely the Indian are Boicininga ibiboboca boigvacu boitiapo iraraca caninana apochycoatl alatus bojobi tetrauchcoatl tleoa cumcoatl trinhutili or aquatick living in the water as the Water snake torquate and rubetarie boas hydrus sea scolopender accatl and boquatrara 2. Dragons and are not alate or not having wings either without leggs also as the Basilisk draco pythius serpentes bambae and senegae or not alate with leggs as the Hydra bononian dragon or alate as the winged dragon V. Insects which are 1. Terrestrial with feet and wings and are either anelytra having no wing-coverings and have four wings and these membranaceous as Bees drones wasps hornets grashoppers blister-flies cimices perlae or farinaceous as Butterflies phalanae great midle least great diurne midle diurne least diurne and silken or having two wings as Flies aquatick phryganides macedonick tigurine aeschnae luteous fuscous and water-spider terrestrial zoophagae carnivorous canine equisugae bucularum osores ovisugae serpentivorae merdivorae bombylivorae humisugae herbivorae strutiopteros erinopteros chelidonios seticaudae unifeta bipiles tripiles quadripiles oxeflie asylus dayflie and gnat or coleoptera having wing-cases as Locusts tenamazna napaloa gryllus beetle cornute platyceros aigoceros quici bovicornis nasicornis ariecornis not cornute as the pilularie melolonthes purple atrate arboreous fullo scarabaeus proscarabaeus water-beetle taurus volans cantharides burn-cow ips cucujus glow-worme blatta eare-wig scorpion pismire and pediculi alati 2. Terrestrial with feet and without wings and are such as are paucipedes or have fewer feet and these are sepedes having six feet as the Pismire wall-louse louse reduvius flea nits forbicine talpa Ferrantis sphondyle staphylinus and anthrenus or octipedes having eight feet as the Scorpion spiders harmelesse as the subdiale domestick retiarie telarie and various longlegged black white red nhamdui or hurtfull as the phalangia formicarie venatorie rhagia stellate ceruleous sphecia tetragnathia cantharidea ervestria cranocalaptes sclerocephala scolecia lanuginous and lentiginous or tarantulae tunga or having 12 or 14 feet as Caterpillers smooth as the green ligustrine sambucine lactucarie mespilarie quercine yellow vinula fuscous various or hirsute and rough with much haire as the pity ocampes ambulones corylarie polymidae neustriae tuberculous mesoleucae urticarie brassicarie and sepiarie or with lesse haire as the Geranivora jacobaea antennula echinus rubicola cornute silk-worme myre or multipedes having many feet as the Cheselippe pollin coyayhoal scolopender and gally worme 3. Terrestriall without feet as Wormes plantarie as the arborarie ligniperdes corticarie syrones and fructuarie nopal ocuillin axocuilin cuchipilutl deces enxulon thripes termites cossi teredines fruticarie leguminarie frumentarie herbarie or breeding in animals with the litta tarnia meldera cleri humane sinones broad sharp ascarides and monstrous earthworme and snaile 4. Aquatick and are either pedate having feet and these are paucipedes having few feet as the Squilla locust scorpion notonecta cicada fluv anthrenus forficula neute corculus aquatick flie cantharides beetle water spider attelabus arachnoides ligniperda aquatica or multipedes having many feet as the Tinea sea flea sea louse aquatick asilus sea scolopender and cadices or apodes and without feet as the Leech stellae cartilagineous testaceous smooth pectinate echinate arborescent solar hippocampus
especially the old without spices c. Muff. The flesh is rather to be used as physick than food by reason of their evil feeding V. Kiran. The flesh is counted good for the nerves and joynts helping all the passions thereof either rosted or boiled Plin. Marcel Also it prevents lippitude Kiran. The ashes of the young Ones help the spots Epiphora and roughnesse of the eyes Leonel Fav The oile helps the palsey like that of vipers so the distilled liquour after the use of the decoction of Crabs it extending the nerves Furnerus useth it with Camphire and the best Amber to beautify the face Trall The nerves with those of the wild Asse and Bore help the fistula's of the feet and paines thereof Plin. The ventricle helps against all poysons so the brain with wine and spikenard Blond The powder of the ventricle with water helps the pestilence of Dogges Plin. Boiled in wine it helps fellons Kiran. The intestines taken in meate help the collick and nephritick possion the gall helps the sight Diosc The dung drunk in water helps the falling sicknesse Aeg. And the Orthopnoea Aetius useth it in plaisters against the gout with axunge so Myrepsus Marcellus Kiranides addeth the leaves of henbane and wild lettuce also the egges with wine blacke the haire the forehead and eyes being covered with meale applying oile omphacine with Boares grease after it Aet Apollon The feathers cause sneezing Schrod The flesh is alexipharmick and yeelds an antepileptick water Jonst They build in the tops of trees They fly not when the south wind bloweth they sleep standing upon one foot laying the head upon the other shoulder They are Enemies to the Quaile Eagle Diver and Bats Swallow Hirundo P. Almost every where in all Countries M. Of most kinds of insects N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Agur. Arab. Chatas Swallow Aldrov T. The flesh is eaten by some poor people their aliment is hot and hurtful therefore they are to bee used physically V. Plin. The Wild are better than the Tame Magicians used them against quartan agues so the heart or dung drunk in Sheepes milk Marcel So the stones found in their ventricles Plin. Some weare the head in a linnen cloath against paines of the head Marcel So the fore mentioned stones Gal. or the dung applied to the forehead with vineger Jac. Olivar Hieron Montu The heart helps the memory taken with Cinamon amomum and aloephangin pills Vrfin and whet the wit Sext. Kiran. The flesh often eaten helps the Epilepsy Plin. Sext. So the bloud with frankincense Myrepsus useth the fume thereof so the ashes with those of a Weasel so Seren. and Plin. Gesn So with Castoreum and strong vineger or the destilled water Sext. Diosc or the stone worne about the arm so Plin. and Tral Plin. Seren. or that found in their nests Plin. The ashes of the young Ones with the milk of spurge and froth of snailes prevent haires in the eye-brows after evulsion The bloud is a Psilothron Gal. The dung with Bulls gall maketh the haires white Oribas The same with water helps black cicatrices but makes them black with Bulls gall Marcel So digested with vineger anointing the face with Harts suet and having oile in the mouth Kiran. So the egges Marcel The flesh of the young ones eaten often rosted or boiled helps dimme eyes Plin. So the ashes applied with cretick honey Sext. The same helps their paines and lippitude so Diosc Sext. or the gall and bloud Marcel It helps the stripes and suffusions of the same so Cels The stones in their ventricles expel things fallen into the eyes The brain with honey helps suffusions Kiran. The eyes of a Swallow used to the forehead help the Ophthalmia and all rigors of feavers Albert. The dung helps white spots in the eyes but it 's sharp digesting and burning Gal. the ashes of the flesh with honey help the putrifaction and crusts of the bones Aesculap The heart helps diseases of the jaws Myreps The nest helps inflammations of the tonsils So Gal. With vineger for that of the wild is discutient The ashes of Swallows with honey help all affections about the jaws and swellings of the uvula or tonsils so Marcel Diosc and Pliny Kiran. The same helps ulcers in the throat and tongue as also all that spread and gangreens Archig The young ones rosted and eaten prevent suffocation and inflammations of the tonsils Diosc Drach 1. Of the powder drunk in water helps the quinsey so Avic and Cels Marcel So the broth thereof Kiran. Or the earth of the nest applied with water so the plaister thereof so Amat Lus Aet The nest with honey helps the Erysipelas of the face Some use the powder against the quinsey either drunk or taken by a reed Avic The ashes used to the pallat help the quinsey The dung is discutient some use the ashes of the flesh with Saffron Indiannarde and honey others with myrrhe and the juyce of myrtles Leonel Faventinus useth it with Album graecum and others apply it with the nest Plin. The ashes help the eyes Kiran. With melicrate it helps hoarsenesse also The stones of the ventricle worne help those that are hepatick Gal. Those of the nests help the cough Marcel The dung taken helps the collick Myresp As also the difficulty of urine with other remedies and the stone Kiran. The flesh eaten facilitats the birth The dung drunk helps white flows Sext. Constant The ashes with honey or mulse help ulcers of the tongue and lips the same help old ulcers Trall The bloud helps the gout The decoction helps the biting of a mad Dog So the nest and that of vipers The flesh helps drunkennesse Schrod The dung looseneth As for the description it 's needlesse They generate not like other birds twice in a year laying 5 egges at a time with duskish specks and the young are blind at the first Their noise is known they sing early in the morning flying abroad but seldome goe by reason of the weakenesse and shortnesse of their legges They foretel raine when they fly about lakes and water or neer the ground They have scarce friends or enemies unto them Swan Cygnus P. Almost every where and is an amphibion M. Of Grasse Graine and Fish spawne c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Olor Heb. Racham Arab. Rakam Swan Albert. T. The flesh is black and hard as also that of all aquatick foule that have great Bodies Aldrov But they are counted unfit for the table upon a twofold account sc because they live in the water so the flesh is excrementitious as also being greater than Ducks or Geese so are of more hard concoction yet the young are sometimes used in banquets Muff. But naturally they are unwholesome Note all flesh the blacker it is the heavier it is and the whiter the lighter the more red the more inclining to heavinesse the lesse red the more light and easie of digestion The flesh of the wild also is black
have soft and pleasant flesh and meanly passing through the belly and easily concocted also they nourish meanly as also all others that have soft flesh They are used sometimes in steed of the saxatile fishes and to help the epilepsy Plat. Athen. The first is a very acceptable fish Epicharm The least are best Hices Their cartilage is very acceptable to the stomach the rest yeeldeth but little juyce Diph. It is of hard concoction except those parts that are about the head which are render acceptable to the stomach and easily concocted Yet Rondelerius disliketh the use thereof it being of ill juyce unpleasant moist soft and fungous though some eate the hinder parts thereof with garlick and onions amongst poore people Diphilus commends them boiled and Archestratus boileth them in oile and wine with sweet smelling herbs and a little cheese Gal. But if they are used as attenuating diet they are to be taken with beets stamped or white broth with a leeke and a little pepper otherwise they are commonly fried and eaten being sprinkled with the juyce of an orange V. Plin. Being eaten they loosen the belly Hipp. and help the hepatick disease being boiled as also the Forkfish and small Raies The same helps the third kind of tabes so the Skate Being rosted they help the dropsy Diosc Applied to the head they help old paines thereof and restraine the falling out of the fundament so Gal. Aeg. Avic and Kiran. Marcel Empyr sc the Black applied alive till the part be torpid The same helps the gout being trod on till the stupidity reacheth the knee Aet They help inflammations and paines Being boiled in oile and used with a little wax and oile it helps the gout Aegineta maketh his diaturpane hereof and Myrepsus plaisters for the same purpose some also use it with daffodils Aldrov Some substitute the Tench unto it Hol. The gout also may be cured by putting the part into snow water after anointing it with petroleum Aelian Being putrified in vineger it is a psilothron Plin. so the braine with alum Aet The skinne applied helps the falling out of the matrix Plin. The gall used to the geniral hindereth venery when newly taken Jonst As for their description they are black or reddish with or without spots their body is all orbicular except the taile they weigh about 6. pounds their skin is slippery black and yellowish their mouth is upwards and little so their eyes They have no tongue but gills in the midst of their bodies They have two fins nere the taile and a cartilage within They bring forth eighty young and hide themselves in the mud to stupify fishes c. which they doe at a distance Crevisse Astacus P. In brooks lakes and rivers in England c. M. Of fish waterherbs clay and flesh N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Caranides Locustella Crevisse Muff T. These as also Shrimps are used for queasy stomachs They are a fine temperate and nourishing meat they are best from the spring until autumne and at the full of the Moone also the females are better than the males for consumptive persons they are first to be washed in barly water and then to be sodden in milk till they be tender being first discaled and the long gut pulled out by the midle finne in the taile They are to be sod in water with salt being first dieted with crummes of white bread in a cistern for three or foure dayes Jonst They are hardly concocted and send cold and moist vapours to the head V. They are used against the bitings of mad doggs the phthisick hectick feaver retention of urin the stone inflammation of the tongue and throat as also the cancer in the duggs The distilled liquour thereof with that of endive roses and erratick poppies helps the quinsey the tongue being washed therewith and a draught drunk also the tongue being anointed with lard and the juyce thereof being still used Hartman prepareth them against the cancer of the duggs Their stones are diuretical expel agues and are vulnerary so Helmont They are used also against the stone with the stones of peaches and medlars And against clotted bloud with the coles of the Line tree quenched in vineger c. Their description is needlesse They generate by ascension and bring forth spawn by the fundament which sticks to the taile often till animated They lye hid in the winter and they have antipathy to Hogs Crowfish Coracinus P. In the Sea and Rivers chiefely in Nilus M. Their meat is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Corvulus Gracculus Crowfish Aldrov T. That of Nilus is reckoned amongst the better sort of fishes but the Marine is lesse acceptable The black also is better than the white and the boiled than the rosted agreeing better with the stomach and belly So Diph. Aristot And they are both best when they are great with spawn They are to be boiled in white wine water and vineger and to be eaten with the juyce of sorrel or vineger They may be kept longer with vineger and a little pepper with the leaves of bayes myrtles or walnuts Salv. Or they may be put into hot oile and being seasoned with salt and vineger may be put into barrels having myrtle leaves stratified V. Rond The stones in the head help the nephritick pain or collick and the jaundise They help the stone of the reines by drying up the phlegme or dryving it out by its weight like the Jews or Lynces Stone Jonst Hices they nourish little are easily evacuated and of indifferent good juyce As for the description it 's about a foot long and black They are great in autumne and are best in a squalid yeare Coel. Rhod. And help against the pismires of trees Curre Cuculus P. They are to be had betwixt Brasil and Portugal M. Their meat is not observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Coccygium their noise 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Curre Aldrov T. It is a sweet fish but not the best it hath much flesh white hard and dry so Philot. Diph. yet it 's preferred before the Sea Kite as lesse hard and being friable Hipp. They are good in pituitous and grosse diseases as also the Scorpion Dragon Callionimus and Gudgion Epicharm Dor. They are to be broiled after dissection and seasoned with parsly cheese silphium salt and oile and sprinkled with vineger Rond The greater may be fried those of Montpelier boile them in water wine and eate them with vineger or the juyce of sorrel or with oile omphacine saffron pepper and the leaves of parsly sc being seasoned therewith Jonst As for the description The whole fish is round carnose and not above three pounds weight The back is bald the head great bonie angulous and prickly The nose hath two long eminencies the jaws serve as teeth the belly is plain the head back sides and finns are red The ventricle is carnose the intestines broad and fatt the liver whitish without a gall And the spleen is
to the bottom when dead sheweth them to be of a muddy nature and wanting that aerial substance that lightneth other fishes as also that they are melancholy feeding in the night Great Eeles are best rosted and broild their malignant humour being next the skinne and so evaporated by the fire the next best are those that are powdered and sowced and baked with butter salt and pepper but worst sodden in water ale and yest as commonly the last hurting the stomach liver and bloud Aldrov They are of a slimy and pituitous juyce H. Hipp. They hurt the third kind of tabes and disease of the spleen and cause inflammations in the lungs sc The Feculent When used the black vein is to be taken from the back The Ancients did eate them with beets for abstersion so salted Salern They are to be dressed with spices also with wine in the winter and vineger in the summer They are good rosted with bay leaves having crummes of bread salt and spices sprinkled thereon If boiled it 's to be done with stone parsly sage bay-leaves and pepper Other wayes of dressing them may be seen in Apicius and Platina V. Gal. The fatt is good against stripes Salv. That when rosted dropped into the eares helps their old paines Rond and those of the nerves Gesn Anointed it helps bald heads Ms. Germ. With that of a Goose the juyce of roe wormwood ground ivy and hounds-tongue made into an unguent it helps wounds the same with the juyce of house-leek dropped into the eare stopping it with a warm linnen cloth and applying bread warm helpeth deafenesse Rond The gall helps suffusions of the eyes With oile of roses it hindereth the grouth of haire after evulsion Salv. The fume of those that are salted their skinns being burnt and taken by the fundamer helps gripings caused by the dysentery Kiran. The liver drunk causeth a loathing of wine Marcel The bloud taken with a double quantity of red wine and warm water fasting helpeth and preventeth the collick their fat and liquour applied help the hemorrhoids Hippiat A live Eele given to horses helps their asthma Schrod The head helps warts Some say that the wine drunk in which they have been killed causeth abstinency Jonst. Horse coursers give the young-ones to Horses to make them more lively As for their description it is needlesse They are generated of slime putrefaction they feed in the night and lye in the mud in the day time They live seven or eight yeares feare thunder and are taken best when there are flouds Muff. T. The Conger or Sea Eele Conger hath a white fatt and sweet flesh The little are taken betwixt Glocester and Tewkesbury but the great-ones only in the salt Seas They feed as Eeles do upon fat waters at the mouths of rivers They are hard of digestion for most stomachs causing collicks if eaten cold and leprosies if eaten hot after seething It is not amisse first to boile it tender in water with salt time parsly baies and hot herbs then to lay it covered in vineger and after to broile it it then yeelding good nourishment in summer for hot stomachs Eele-powte Mustela Muff. T. Is best in April May and September their spawn is very hurtfull but the flesh white sweet firme and of good nourishment and their livers most sweet and delicate They may be sod as a Dorry and broiled a little that they may be of easier digestion or they may be boild as Storgian and eaten cold Aldrov Encel. The ventricle drunk expels the secundine and helps all vices of the matrix and collick The oile of the liver helps suffusions and spots F. Flounder Rhombus P. About fatt earth and shores in England and other places M. Of fishes and Crabs N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Turbotus Arnold Villanov FLounder Aldrov T. By the Ancients they were used in luxury whence arised the proverb nihil ad Rhombum Gal. They have a soft flesh therefore they are to be rosted Rond Yet the Aculeate are hard especially if larger for the smaller are more moist and soft Xenoc. They are hardly concocted but nourish much yet Villanovanus counts them inferiour to good fishes also grosse and viscid hardly concocted excrementitious but agreeing to strong young men with Sauces to correct their viseous and cold nature Gal. Boiled in broth with a little Salt Leekes and Anet they help those that recover from sicknesse and are good for the sound broiled and with vineger or fried with wine now it 's boiled and eaten with the juyce of an Orang Plin. Applied it helps the spleen Jonst As for their description they have a quadrate forme and oblique angles Fork-fish Pastinaca P. In muddy and dirty places of the Sea M. Their meat is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Glorinus Opisthokentros Fork-fish Aldrov Their Radius only is poysonsome which being cut off the rosted may be eaten Gal. The flesh is soft and pleasant and may be substituted in the steed of other saxatile fishes So the Cramp-fish yet others count it soft unsweet ferine and of evil juyce therefore it 's eaten onely by poor people It may be eaten with vineger boiled and sprinkled with Meale if fryed Note the head and taile are to be cut off V. Hipp. Those that have the third kind of tabes may eate them in the 4th month and in the hepatick grief like the pleurisy Their liver sod in oile helps the leprosy and ringworms Plin. And the itch Diosc Aeg. Plin. Cels The weapon helps the toothach Aet With henbane it helps the falling out of the matrice Plin. And facilitats delivery Rond Their wounds may be helped by applying the liver and the ashes of the Radius used with vineger Diosc The signes of their wounds are great paine convulsions lassitude and imbecility dumbnesse dimnesse of the eyes blacknesse and stupidity of the part Diosc yet the Fish applied being dissected is good Tarent So Pigeons dung the seed of Lettuce Butter and Similage Aet Also vineger and live brimstone moistened with old urine hore-hound leaves of Laurell Vipers buglosse the root of clowns alheall and sage or acid leaven with tarre the compounds are the emplastrum piscatoris Aet Gal. and Isis Diosc Also what helps against Vipers and scordium drunk and Mithridate c. Vid. Aet Aeg. c. Aldrov They are taken by the hooke and nets Frog Rana marina c. P. In herbose places and the shore c. M. Of flesh even that of man N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Diabolus marinus Frog Card. T. That of the Sea is not edible Rond Salv. But the flesh is soft unsweet serine mucous excrementitious virulent and of evil juyce and therefore scarce eaten by the lowest sort of people yet Archestratus commendeth the liver V. Marcel Their gall eradicats hair after evulsion Rond it helps suffusions Plin. Their juyce boiled in wine and vineger is good drunk against poyson but Gesner thinks it belongs to the fluviatile
jurura or Exotick and dubious as the Tlacaxolotl cabim animal maripetum danta cappa ejulator su peva foetid animal Graffa and caoch II. Birds which are 1. Terrestiall carnivorous or living upon the land and eating flesh as the Eagle chrysaëtus haliete melanete pygargus morphnos percuopter ossifrage anopaea white eagle heteropos avis scythica vultur little cinereous boetick black leporarie and golden hawk asteriu hobbie sparrowhawk faulcon gentle merlin kastrell buzzard ringtaile colluriones kite harpie cuckow faulcon saker gyrfaulcon peregrine mountane tunetane gibbous white lapidarie arborarie red cyanopus and promiscuous Parret great cyanocroceus white cristate green poikilorinchus green melanorinchus leucocephalus erythrocyanus cinereous erythroleucus torquatus macrourus erythrochlorus macrourus erythrochlorus cristatus crow cray rook chough coracia pyrrhocorax pie caudate indian glandarie garrulus marine persick ampelide brasilian rhinoceros loxia owle scrich-owle horn-owle scops aluco howlet caprimulgus batt and ostrich 2. Phytivorous or feeding upon plants and these are either granivorous not melodious or feeding upon graine and singing not and are pulveratricious and wild as the Peacock japonian and turky pheasant bustard grigallus heath-cock hasle-hen land duck stella oedicnemus partridg grecian reddish cinereous white and damascen quaile ortygometra and cynchramus and pulveratricious domestick as the Cock and hen patavine Turcick Perfick Scottish Indian and Ginnie and pulveratricious lavant as the Pigeon ring-dove stock-dove alchata turtle sparrow white yellow spotted whitish mountaine wild torquate juglandine illyrick brachyurus porphyromelanus and embriza or granivourous and melodious as the Goldfinch sisken Canarie sparrow finch brambling linnet larke cristate and not cristate green-finch citrinella serinus and lutea or baccivorous or eating berries as the Thrush ixophagus trichas black-bird saxatile mountain torquate double-coloured roselike brasilian and indian stare and clot-bird 3. Insectivorous or feeding upon insects and are either not melodious as the Woodpecker great greatest green luteous cyanopus murarie nutjobber witwal hickwall creeper wren cristate and not cristate hedg-sparrow asilus swallow wild and riparie martinet houpe tit mouse great fennish sylvatick black câ—yuleous caudate cristate wagtaile spipola stoparola muscicapa robbin-red-breast bunting redtaile phoenicurus anthus cannevarola oenanthe lusciniola or melodious as the Nightingal titling and colemouse 4. Aquatick palmipedes living in the water having whole feete which are either piscivorous or feeding upon fish as the Pelecane bird diomedea sea gull white cinereous piscatorie black sterna fidiped sea-drake cepphus barnicle plungion sylvatick crow night-raven palmipede daw mergus rhenane glacial longirostrate rauâ—edulous red white cirrhate merganser gulo morfex scheladrachus colymbus uria brâ—nthus Phalaris avosetta and trochilus or herbivorous eating grasse or plants as the Swan goose tante and wild barnicle birgander capricalca duck domestick indian lybian cairine wild teale glaucius fuscous muscovie platyrynchus fistularie candacute black herle la tardone puffin and bird penelope coot and rallus 5. Aquatick fissipedes abiding in the water and having divided feet and are either carnivorous or feeding upon flesh as the Storke ibis phoenicopter heron blew dwarfe garletta egretta squaioeta bittour falcinel bird pugnax porphyrion horion hâ—lorius limosa barge haematopus kingfisher and rousserolle or insectivorous or eating insects as the Arqua-Arquata crece totanus calidris himantopus aquatick henn chloropus erythropus rhodopus erythra ochra hypoleucus serica wood-cock snite gallinula chloropodes trynga red-sparrow water-swallow lapwing cercio plover and charadrius or herbivorous feeding upon plants as the Crane balearick and japonian 6. Exoticks or outlandish chiefely the American and they are terrestriall or such as live upon the land as the Manucodiate rhyntace bird daie guitguit maja xochitenacatl jajauhquitototl tuputa quapachtototl tentzontototl tritonus hoactzin emeu xochitototl aura garagay quetzaltototl tzinitzian totoquestal tepetototl hoitlallotl dodone ceoan cenotzqui pauxi picicitli polyglotta chicuatli tominejus cuntur of Brasil Guranhaeengera tangara quereiva tucana quirapanga macucagna and mutu of Maragnana ouyra ovassou moyton toucan ouru jandou salian or aquatick living in the water as the Passer stultus anser magellanicus jochualcuachili xochitenacatl tlauhquechul acolin quachiltone acacalotli xomotl acototloquichitl aca cahoactl jacacintli xlepapantototl hoactli heatototl achalalactli amalozque of Farra Lunda alka lomwia ilabrimel goifugel hafflert stormfinck barnfiard helfingegans exandgans skua aves lomsbay vultur aquaticus flamenco or Brasilian as the Nhanduguacu jacana curicaca tiiepiranga jacapu jambu gallina africana quiratangeima jupujuba sayacu ani guira guainumbi jaeguacatiguacu mitu mituporanga ibijau guainumbi jacup ma jacamacaii jacurutu soco matuitui jabiru jabiruguacu manucodiata or paradisea guiâ—apunga quiraquerea jacamaciri cariama guara urutaurana maguari guarauna ajaja picui pinima pica cureba tuidara guaca guacu tapera psittaci aiuru aiurucurau aiurucuruca tui tirica jendaya tui ete tui para araracanga ararauna anaca maracana qui juba tui paragua tarabe ajurucatinga ajuruapara ipecu urubu tamatia guirajemoja gurrarunheengeta cocoi guiratinga jacarini guiratirica guiran heemgatu curucui caracara tijeguacu teitei guiraguacu beraba guiracoereba guiraperea japacani cabure andira aca macuacagua urubitinga mareca tijeguacu paruara tangara anhima pitangua guacu attinguacu camacu guira acangatara matuitui aracari anhinha ipecati apoa the aquatick are Quiratinga caripira calcamar ayaya caracura guara guirateonteon the fabulous are the Gryphin harpie stymphalides sirenes seleucides phoenix cinnamologus and semenda III. Fishes which are 1. Marine and these are either pelagious living in the main sea and either scaled as the Linge molva morchuel haddock sea tench herring liparis aper scolopax monoceros glaucus and hippurus or smooth as the tunie pompilus amia swordfish suckstone sea-serpent conger orphidion lamprey myrus and taenia or cartilagineous and they are long as the Dogg-fish galeus catulus eele mustelus asterias maltha vulpecula marina centrine simia marina zygaena mola or plaine as the cramp-fish fork-fish sea hawk raie undulate and oculate oxyrinchus stellarie oculate and clavate spinose rough fullonick and roughest sea frogge skate lamia lump and gibbous fish or saxatile living neer stones and are squammose as the Golden eye thrush fish peacock fish lepras cook fish julis phycis sea perch channe liver-fish black taile alphestes crow-fish adonis amber anthiae sea gudgins sphyraena horne-beak and faber or smooth as the Larkfish cristate and not cristate and pholis or litorall living neer the shore and are either squammose not plaine as the Mullet swallow fish cuckcowfish keeling harp-fish pagrus crythrinus acarnane orphus dentix synagris chromis guilt head sargus sparus mormyrus cantharus stock fish stromatheus fiatola scorpion fish scorpaena blennus pecten Rom graundlin phalerick membras cobites hephetus anchovae atherina lavaronus sprat mana smaris and boops or squammose plaine as the Sole citharus rhomboides
uva marina These are the generall differences of irrationall animals There is further considerable 1. Amongst Quadrupeds that those that bring forth animals have haires and the oviperous have shells horses have most haire upon the mane lions upon their shoulders conies upon the corners of the mouth and leggs and the hare is most villous in all they grow thick in old age and gray in the horse hogs and porcupines have bristles the sheep is covered with woole and the goat is bearded The skinne in the sea horse is so thick that speares may be made thereof and in the elephant and rhinoceros it is almost impenitrable The hornes in the stagge are ramous simple in the spitter palmate in others ramous and little in roes not sheeding turning round in rammes dangerous in bulls bending backwards in the rock-goat adverse in the damae erect contort and sharp in the strepsiceros the Phrygian have moveable hornes the Troglodyte direct to the earth also some have robust for butting others for wounding some aduncate others reduucate others for tossing are supine converse or connext and all are mucronate The eares are moveable and all have them at least all that bring forth animals and some have great eares others have little they are divided as it were in the hart and pilous in the rat in horses and labouring beasts they shew their spirits being emarcid in those that are weary micant in the fearfull somewhat erect in the furious and loosed in the sick The mouth is large in the lion and dog and as it were rent in those that live by hunting and meane in swine The trunk is onely in the elephant The jawes are long in working cattle and round in apes The neck is stiffe in the lion woolfe and hyena The duggs are two in those that have two young ones and solid hoofes and those betwixt the thighs so in bisulcs and those that are cornigerous cowes have foure teats and sheep and goates two those that have a numerous breed are digitate have more along the belly in a double order as swine the best 12 the vulgar 10 so bitches some have 4 in the middle of the belly as panthers others two as lionesses the elephant hath two under the shoulder none have them between the thighs that have toes The toes of those that live by prey are five in the forefeet and foure in the rest but lions woolfs dogs and a few others have five in the other also one hanging down neer the joint of the legge the rest which are lesse have five The nailes are in all that have toes but the ape's are imbricate those of the rapacious aduncate in others they are straight as in doggs except that which for the most part depends on the legge The hooses are solid in those that are not cornigerous and those that are horned are commonly bisulks the jllyrick swine in some places have solid and they are renewed only in the veterine The taile is in all except apes and in those that have eggs according to the body they are bareish in those that are rough as boares little in the shagged as beares setose in those that are longish as horses and being cut off they grow again in lizards it 's very long in kine and rough at the bottome in horses the dock is shorter than in asses but setose in the veterine in the lion it 's like the cowe's at the bottome c. but not so in panthers it 's bushey in foxes and woolfs as also in sheep Also in the internall parts there is a diversity The teeth are exerted in the boar serrate in the dogge and lion contiguous in the horse and cow the foremost acute and the interiour plaine The cornigerous have but one row they are exert in none in which they are serrate they are not exert or serrate in any that are horned but concavous in all solid in the rest and in the ape as in man in those that are ruminant the lion and the dog they are changed in swine they never fall out The tongue in crocodiles doth all adhere in lions and cats it 's of an imbricate asperity and like a file and broad chiefely in the elephant The ribbes are 10 in swine and 13 in those that are horned The heart in all is in the midle of the breast in that of horses kine and staggs there are bones it 's greatest in proportion in mice hares asses staggs hyaena's and all that are malefick by reason of feare The lungs in the tortise are without bloud and greatest in proportion in the chamaeleon and nothing else within The belly in solipedes is rough and hard in others that are terrestriall of a denticulate asperity and in some mordaceous cancellate The spleen is round in bisulks and those that are cornigerous prolix in the multifid very long in solipedes The reines are in all that generate animals only in the tortise amongst the oviperous The bladder is in none of the oviparous except the tortise and in none that want sanguineous lungs or feet The fat is often in the horned having teeth in one part and huckle bones in the feet these have tallow bisulks or the cloven footed and without hornes grow fat and this when cold is fragile and ever in the extremity of the flesh but the fat between the flesh and the skin is succulent and liquid some grow not fat but all those that are more sterill are fat The marrow is red in the young and whitish in the old it 's only in hollow bones and not the leggs of labouring beasts and dogs it 's fat in those that are fat and sevous in the cornigerous bares have none the lions little in their thigh bones fore leggs As for the place for the most part it 's the land but some live in the water as the crocodile sea-horse beaver and sea tortise some in denns others in trees some in a hot climate others in a cold and in Africa there are no boares staggs nor goats The diet also is not alike cowes staggs horses and swine feeding upon herbs and fruits sheep low goats high upon bowes and sprouts woolfs lions and dogs upon flesh the beaver and cat delighting in fishes and the chameleon in flies some chew the cud others not the ape and monkey eate any thing and the beare is said to lie hid in winter and to live by sucking the moisture which is then in their swollen forefeet The generation is diverse also but most generate in autumne summer or spring and bears and bulls with ferocity but doggs without it for the most part they bring forth live young ones but the tortise crocodile and lizard have eggs and cowes have their young only in the right sinus of the womb The gestation is various also the woolf goeth a month or forty daies the bitch nine weeks the sow 4 months the goat 5. sheep 6 cow 10 and mare 11. The number of their
fish and chiefely herrings which sometimes they so greedily follow that they cast themselves upon the shore They generate within themselues and bring forth young which when young follow the damme Their motion is slow by reason of their largenesse Their sight and hearing is dull some say they use a little fish for their guide they love the smell of pitch insomuch that they rub themselves against the sides of ships they are driven away by noise The Mollusca or soft having neither a rough or testaceous skinne nor scales they have a middle nature betwixt flesh and nerves Their head is betwixt the feet and belly in the mouth are two teeth instead of a tongue they have a certain carnose substance in the mouth by which they taste Their eyes are two and large Their feet are in the forepart about the head bending about the eyes some have acetabula and two long trunks which they use as anchors in stormes They have a fistule above the head before the alveus which they move about they have a little finne compassing in their alveus by which they swimme and direct themselves therein To the head is joyned a venter of large capacity the flesh of which is orbicularly fissile They have capillamenta in the side serving in stead of gills The throat is narrow after which is a receptacle to which the belly is joyned the intestine is slender which tendeth towards the upper parts The bladder is wanting They have a black humour serving in stead of blood Their place is in salt waters Their meat is flesh Their womb is bifid and they have two testicles neere the genitall The male hath the prone parts of the body more black than the supine and all parts more rough than the female various by intervening lines and the taile sharper They copulate long and the females have egges at first undivided afterwards seperated and then increase after they have received a vitall strength from the sperme of the male shed thereon and that after the manner of wormes The Crustates are in a mean betwixt the testaceous and soft They want bones They have a head capacity throat and belly common with other animals without blood The belly is little in respect of their bulk and the intestine single to the passage of excrements They have two foreteeth in the mouth and three in the ventricle one on each side and the third below betwixt those in the mouth is a carnose part serving in stead of a tongue above the mouth are the eyes which are hard in all fit to move inwards outwards obliquely and swiftly therefore they want eyeleds Their head is little with hornes and appendices with which they fight and feele their way Their feet are eight and move obliquely They have two clawes which they use instead of hands of which the right is biggest and strongest usually Their flesh is reddish like blood and in the belly is a kind of palish humour Their place is about the mouthes of rivers stony and dirty places Their meat is little stones reites mud and excrements and flesh also Their coiture is as theirs that pisse aversely in the spring time and long being without blood and cold the female bringeth forth a reddish egge compassed in with a very thin membrane sticking to the belly and sides which afterwards increaseth the male is biggest and thickest and the first foot is single and taile narrower Their age is long yet none of them breath but they are refrigerated by casting out water with their fistula Their sight is dull but smell and taste well they sleep like other aquatiles they are without voice goe obliquely and swim onely with the taile they lie hid in the winter and are fat in spring and autumne they fight with the hornes and cast their shels after breeding The Squillae have a taile but no forceps The body is blackish in spring but whitish after Their hornes are sharp and in the top of the head The intestine is terminated in the taile as in crevisses by which they evacuate excrements and bring forth eggs they live in marine fennish or stony places their meat is oisters reites The male is known by two white particles in the flesh of the breast and the female hath egges annexed to the belly they copulate like quadrupedes that pisse backwards in the spring time neere the earth They are enemies to the pike whom they wound by their hornes The round crustates sc the Cancri have moveable eyes an indiscrete head without a brain yet having a part serving in stead thereof The taile is turning they look obliquely and go so having ten feet with clawes the right of which is biggest and in the foremost the superiour part is moveable and the inferiour not they have two teeth inwards betwixt which is a caruncle like a tongue to the mouth the stomach is joyned which is little They live in rockey places open in the winter and hidden in the summer Their meat is shell-shell-fishes they draw the water into the mouth and so passe it out again They copulate in the forepart by joyning their opercula in which also they bring forth eggs also the female hath the first foot double and the male single these only amongst crustates swimme not but goe and that sidewise They are very crafty and in danger hide them selves in the mud or amongst stones they fight like rams with their hornes they feed on shelfishes by casting in a stone when they open themselves they lie hid five months and in the beginning of spring cast their shell like serpents under which is a soft shell so that they can hardly move The Testaceous are without blood their shell within is smooth Their flesh increaseth in the increase of the moon which is contained by the shell which is terrene and preserveth their little heat and they cast it not They have teeth and somewhat proportionable to a tongue Their head is downwards The stomach is joyned presently to the mouth and is little after which is the belly in which also there is a papaver from which passeth a single intestine They are nourished like plants by pores and that by a sweet humour Their motion is adverse They differ in the hardnesse of the shels the holothuria pulmones and echini having softer than the purple and buccina some are covered on every side as oisters cocks and tellinae others have but one valve the other side sticking to rocks the chamae and solenes are uncovered in the extremes so that they put forth the head and hinder parts of those that are covered on every side some are turbinate as the purple and buccinum others not as the conchae some have one shell as the lepas others two as mussels of the shels some are smooth as of the ungues and mussels others rough as of the purple buccina and oisters their place is the sea and they lie hid in great heate and cold Their generation
cold the sweet and fat is moderately hot and more nourishing and of better juyce and the lean is farre worse the laxe is better than the close and the friable bad As for medicine the carnose parts as also the creatures themselves used alive or divided and hot applied to any member have a fomentative vertue paregorick and discutient and so are of great use in the phrensey headach and watching and they may be applied to the head neck and soles of the feet applied to pestilent tumours and stinging of poysonsome animals after ventoses they draw out the poyson defend gallings by the shooes from inflammation and more particularly every part respects its like as the liver the liver and spleen the spleen c. The hornes are cold dry discusse incide for the most part cause sweat and are alexpharmick according to the various nature af animals The bones dry discusse bind or stop fluxions strengthen the bones and ligaments those of the heele burnt help the collick c. The gall heateth dryeth incideth clenseth stimulats the expulsive faculty kills wormes applied it helps dimnesse and spots of the eyes and purulent eares and they differ according to the nature of the aliment and animal amongst those of quadrupeds the bulls is the chiefest that of partridges and hens amongst birds and generally those of birds are stronger than of the terrestrials The blood heateth bindeth stops fluxes of bloud more or lesse according to the various nature of animals and nutriment that of birds being for the most part nitrous doth incide cleanse break the stone and help suffusions of the eyes as that of the pigeon kite and vulture also bloud is hard of digestion moist and excrementitious that of geese swans hoggs and sheepe is used in sawce and puddings but it 's a grosse and fulsome nourishment except meeting with a strong and good stomach The tallow is hot and moist moderately or 1° mollifyeth discusseth and somewhat bindeth The siege is according to the nature of the aliment and animal which by the chylifick vertue is altered the excrements of birds being of a most hot nature are altogether nitrous and therefore have a woonderfull strength to discusse incide attenuate dissolve open and cleanse the spots of the skin but diversly according to the diversity of birds and their aliments those of labouring beasts are anodyne refrigerant discutient and are used both inwardly and outwardly The urin is the colamen of chyle and blood consisting of salt and a viscous earth mixed with phlegmatick humidity it heats dryeth cleanseth resisteth putrifaction and expels urin c. The rennet even all is of a sharp and digestive faculty and drying 2. Of Birds those most familiar unto us are the tame as the cock hen capon chicken turkey peacock goose guiny-hens duck and pigeous Amongst the wild feeding chiefely upon the land are the bistard crane heronshaws bittors stork pheasant heath-cock partridg plover lapwing cuckoe pye crow woodcock railes redshanks gluts woodsnites godwits smiring turtles stock-doves rock-doves ring-doves jays wood peckers stone-chatters thrushes mavis feldefares black-birds stares quailes and all sorts of little birds as sparrows reed-sparrows larks bulfinches goldfinches thistle-finches citron-finches bramblings linnets nightingals buntings waggetailes robin-redbreasts wrens witwalls siskens ox-eyes creepers titmise titlings swallows and martlets Others in or upon the waters as the swan bergander barnicle wild-geese wild-duck teale widgin fly-duck shovelars cormorant curlnes gulls black-gulls sea-mews coots water railes sea-pies pufins plovers sheldrakes moor-cocks and moore-hens dobchicks water-crows kingfishers and water-snites c. of which see more afterwards Amongst these some are of a thin and light Substance as chickens young pheasants partridg heath poulse godwitts all small birds when young wings and livers of hens chickens and partridges and their warme egges others are more grosse and strong as geese and swans others are of a midle substance as hens capons turkeyes and house-doves The Temperature of some is hot as of the gosling partridg quaile thrush in the first degree in the second the turkie peacock pigeon duck turtle others are colder than the former some are moist in the second degree as the turkie young pigeon ducks young quailes others dry as the peacock and heath-cock in the first degree in the second the partridg turtle thrush and blackbirds c. others are temperate as a young pullet crowing cockrel grown capon hens egges poched and all small birds when young As to the taste they are diverse The preparation after feeding with good meat as often as they desire it in a spacious place and rightly killed garbelled and pulled must be by boyling rosting or baking c. according to the aforesaid rules about beasts In respect of age the young are most moist tender and excrementitious and the old more tough heavy lean and dry and the full grown best As to the sexe the males are more strong dry and heavy of digestion and the females are sweeter moister and more easily concocted but the kerned are of a better nature According to their feeding those that feed themselves abroad fat with wholsome meat are of better nourishment than such as are cram'd in a coop and those that live in moist and moorish places have a more moist and excrementitious flesh and harder of digestion those that feed upon mountaines have dryer flesh more easily concocted and void of excrements the flesh of the tame nourisheth more than that of the wild and rosted or fryed they are dryer than boyled Also the purer their meat is the better they are themselves and those that feed upon flesh and garbage are not so wholsome as those that feed upon corne bents and seeds those that feed upon wormes and fishes at the sides of the water are worse and such as eate serpents and spiders c. the worst yet may be more medicinable and those taken by flight are preferred and those that have the whitest flesh are of easiest digestion the red fleshed are of strongest nourishment and that which is of black flesh is hardly digested and of slow nourishment and so much the worse by how much the flesh and skin is blacker As for the Parts of birds The combs of cocks some reckon amongst meats and they are counted aphrodisiastick The wings are of good juyce and easy concoction their crude superfluous humidity being consumed by exercise the Pinions are of like disposition with the feet of beasts yet those of geese hens capons and chickens are of good nourishment The rump which is most fleshy and fat in those that have short leggs doth often cause nauseousnes they are correspondent to the rumps of beasts having kernels and cloying the stomach The brain is more dry and hard than that of quadrupeds and that of mountain birds better than the other of such as live about fens and fields that of cocks partridges and phesants is most sweet and that of sparrows and pigeons is venerious but none are absolutely commendable
cast skin helps falling off of the haire and cleareth the eyes rubbed therewith boiled in vineger it helps the toothach and bringeth out the same and boiled in vineger or oile it helps pains of the eares And the fume with apopanax myrrh galbanum castoreum and pigeons ar hawks dung bringeth forth the foetus alive or dead The Particular Serpents See after 5. Of Infects few are used as meat except snailes which some count most dainty sweet and nourishing meat and are best towards winter having scoured themselves and those are to be preferred that are of a midle size feeding in the summer time in hilly places upon wholsome herbs and are to be eaten after september also they are bad for those that are of cold and moist complexions being cold 1° and moist 2° but help those that are hot cholerick thirsty inflamed watchful and those that have ulcers of the lungs being parboil'd in warme water and so broil'd upon the coles and eaten As touching the use of insects in medicine there is little to be said in general but of them as also of the rest of the irrational animals see more after more particularly in Alphabetical order Having thus spoken of Animals as to their general differences in respect of parts magnitude place qualities meat generation motion voice life and actions c. together with their use as Meats with their differences as considered in kind substance temperature taste preparation age sexe feeding and place and of their several parts both natural and excrementitious in general as also of their use in Medicine it may not be amisse to adde something concerning Sawces c. Which serve to help the want of appetite and digestion and fit each meat to the several stomacks by which it is to be received As for Sawces therefore they are either hot serving if the stomach want appetite by reason of cold and raw humours furring it and dulling the sense of feeling in its orrifice are made of dill fennel mints organy parsly dried gilli-flowers galingal mustard seed garlick onions leekes juniper-berries sage time vervain betony salt cinamon ginger mace cloves nutmegs pepper pills of citrons limons and orenges grains cubebs c. mixe 1. 2. or 3. of them as need requireth with wine or vineger made strong of rosemary or gillyflowers or cold helping the stomach and appetite hurt by much choller or adust and putrifyed phlegme as those made of sorrel lettuce spinache purselane or saunders mixt with vineger verjuyce cider alegar or water or the pulp of prunes apples and currens c. some help also for slow digestion which is caused by coldnesse of the stomach or hardnesse of the meat and helped by hot things mustard therefore is to be used with beefe and all kinds of salted flesh and fish and onion sauce with duck widgin teal and all water foule salt and pepper with venison and galingal sawce with the flesh of cygnets garlick or onions boiled in milk with a stuble goose and sugar and mustard with red deere crane shovelar and bustard and others are for temperate meats and speedy of digestion as pork mutton lamb veale kid hen capon pullet chicken rabbet partridg and pheasant c. these therefore must have temperate sawces as mustard and green-sauce for pork verjuice and salt for mutton juyce of orenges or limmons with wine salt and sugar for capons pheasants and partridges water and pepper for wood-cocks vineger and butter or the gravet of rosted meat with rabbets pigeons or chickens for such meats their sawces being too cold or too hot would quickly corrupt in the stomach being else most nourishing of their own nature but others are to be corrected by artificial preparation and appropriated sawce which nature hath made queazy or heavy to indifferent stomacks These are the chief meats sawces or matter of Aliment yet many times they are joyned with other Vegetables c. they serving likewise for meat nourishment of which the Substance of some is grosse as of cucumbers turneps beans hard pease brown and rye bread c. that of others is mean and of good juyce as sodden lettuce skirrets almonds raisins and bread made of the purest wheat new well baked and leavened the hard are not easily concocted but quickly corrupted the soft are soon corrupted the viscid are hardly distributed others are of firme or infirme aliment and of easy or difficult concoction or corruption In respect of Quality they are either hot attenuating thick humours inciding the viscid discussing flatulency and increasing choller in the temperate and some are hot in the first degree as new hasle-nuts new almonds asparagus borrage bur-roots skirret-roots white thistle roots hop-buds parsneps wheat rice figs sugar raisins sweet apples and ripe pomegranates others 2° as ripe mulberries new walnuts pickled olives preserved capers phisticks dates chestnuts artichokes carrots potatoes parsly raddish roots eryngo roots nutmegs and saffron 3° mints tarragon onions leekes alisanders old wallnuts cinamon ginger cloves and pepper and 4° skallions garlick and ramsies but such as are hot beyond the second degree are rather medicine than meat others are cold tempering the heat of the stomach and blood but cause flatulency and are so 1° as pompions melons cherries straw-berries peaches some apples peares quinces medlars services spinache succory sorrel goose-berries cabbage coleworts pease and beans 2° prunes damsins apricocks most sorts of plumms lettuce endive citrons orenges limmons gourds and cucumbers some are moist helping the drynesse of the parts and loosening the belly and are so 1° as pine-apple kernels new filbeards sweet almonds dates sperage spinache borrage hop buds carrots turneps and French pease others are dry which are hardly concocted and nourish strongly but cause a melancholick juyce and help those that are overmoistened and are so 1° as straw-berries soure fruit medlars fennel artichokes coleworts and reddish saffron 2° cinnamon nutmegs ginger galanga pears quinces soure pomegranats pickled olives phisticks chestnuts succory sorrel parsly onions leekes limons citrons beans and rice 3° poudred capers services mints garlick ramsies scallions water-cresses cloves and the best cinnamon 4° pepper and all things over seasoned therewith And the rest are temperate not exceeding the first degree as fine wheat c. and are the best being easily concocted nourishing much yeelding good aliment not easily corrupted or gaining an evill quality and such as leave little excrement As for the Taste some are bitter as sperage hop sprouts broom-buds and wormwood c. others sharp as onions skallions leeks garlick radish mustard seed cresses and hot spices others soure as sorrel limons orenges citrons soure fruit and things strong of vinegar and verjuyce some are austere and acerb binding if taken first but loosening if used last as rosted quinces wardens services medlars c. others insipid as melons pompions pears apples berries plums of noe rellish c. others are sweet c. but amongst all other things that arise from plants the chiefe is
pumice stone c. others Mollify as the alabastrites gagates and thracian stone c. Some Stupify as the memphites jasper and ophites others are Abstersive as the arabian stone c. some Glutinate as the galactites and melites others Cicatrize as the morochtus c. some Break the stone as the lynx stone jews stone and spunge stone others Retain the foetus as the eagle stone and jasper some Provoke the menses as the ostracites and others serve as Amulets as the selenites amianth and myexis and some act Occultly as the spongites chelidonius load stone fishes stone snaile stone vulture stone merlucius lyncurius coral gagates eagle stone crabs stone amber and chrystall c. others Purge thick humours as the load stone or melancholick as the armenian stone and cyaneus or lapis Lazuli c. here Note that waters flowing by any of these minerals retain their nature as the salt nitrous aluminous sulphureous bituminous ferreous aureous cupreous and gypseous c. Of the aforesaid Minerals some are Solar as solar sealed earth gold solar antimony amber eagle-stone carbuncle chrysolite jacynth and ruby The Lunar are white sealed earth all that are white and green marcasite alum white coral christal pearle mother of pearl amber camphire and parmacity The Saturnine are lead antimonie marcasite alum auripigment loadstone and all terrene things fuscous and ponderous The Jovial are silver tinn tutty alum coral jacynth emerald green jasper and the sapphir The Martial are ostiocolla salt armoniack all things red fiery and sulphureous the amethist diamond and loadstone The Venereal are copper silver tutty amber beril chrysolite coral corneol calaminare eagle-stone emerald lapis lazuli and sapphir The Mercurial are quicksilver silver tinn marcasite and the emerald and as for their contraries See the contrary Planets aforesaid concerning Animals Thus Reader having performed what is promised in the Title desiring thy health I rest Thine R. L. Faults escaped in some few sheets IN the book p. 1. l. 7. r. Cluna p. 3. l. 21. r. cold p. 6. l. 18. therefore d. p. 7. l. 31 Faxus r. Tassus p. 16. l. 33. r. help p. 42. l. 37 magicians p. 43. l. 5. helps scaldings p. 81. l. 35. are hot p. 105. l. 32. eyes p. 110. l. 12. d. it p. 118. l. 6. r. ribs l. 24. d. spread upon bread with lime p. 229. l. 22. hemlock p. 23. ◠l 14. pani p. 258. l. ult in August p. 281. l. 4. into l. 7. weare p. 297. l. 16. membrane p. 301. l. ult malleus p. 309. l. 29. outward p. 312. l. 22. rise p 342. l. 26. d. it s p 354. l. 4. syrup p. 364. l. 13. aloeticks p. 405. l. 25. be p 433. l. 28. crisis or lysis p. 459. l. 35. losse p 466. l. 14. farfara p 479. l 10. equina p. 290. l. 39. magistralis p. 512. l. 14. odorata 513. l. ult longè In the second part p. 38. l. 18. balsame p. 40. l. 8. rupeum p. 54. l. 37. fume p. 62. ult new p. 63. l. 8. Sardachates p. 70. l. 33. lessen l 40. if laid p. 79. l. 2. it s own p. 84. l. ult from The rest the Reader may be pleased to mend with his pen. A Direction for such Abbreviations as are used P. place M. meat p. second matter N. name T. temperature V. vertues H. hurts C. choice Ib. a pound unc an ounce drach a dram scrup a scruple gr a grain ob obolus an p. aeq a like sem halfe 1° 2° 3° 4° in the 1. 2. 3. or 4th degree q. s a sufficient quantity A CATALOGVE Of Authors as they are cited in the Panzoologie with the explication thereof A. ABsyrt Absyrtus Actuar Actnarius Aeg. Aeginaeta Aelian Aelianus Aesculap Aesculapius Aet Aetius Afric Africanus Aggreg Aggregator Agric. Agricola Albert. Albertus Albuc Albucasis Alex. Ben. Alexander Benedictus Alex. Julius Alexandrinus Aldrov Aldrovandus Alpin Prosper Alpinus Amat Amarus Lusitanus Ambros Ambrosinus Anatol. Anatolius Andern Andernacus Anon. Anonymus Ant. Mus Antonius Musa Apic. Apicius Apollon Apollonius Apon Petrus Aponensis Arab. Arabum Archest Archestratus Archig Archigenes Archip. Archippus Ardoyn Ardoynus Aret. Aretaeus Arnold Arnoldus Asclep Asclepias Athen. Athenaeus Aver Averroes Augustin D. Augustinus Avic Avicenna Auson Ausonius B. BAc Baccius Bapt. Fier Baptista Fiera Bapt. Port. Baptista Porta Barth Ang. Bartholomaeus Anglus Banh Banhinus Begu Beguinus Bellon Bellonius Bell. Bellunensis Bertrut Bertrutius Blond Blondus Bont Bontius Boter Boterius Bras Brasavolus Brendel Brendelius Brunsfels Brunsfelsius Bruyer Bruyerinus C. Cael. Aurel. Caelius Aurelianus Cael. Rhod. Caelius Rhodiginus Calep. Calepinus Camerar Camerarius Card. Cardanus Car. Bovill Carolus Bovillus Cato M. Cato Cay Dr. Cay Cels Celsus Chain Chainus Chald. Chaldaeorum Cog. M. Cogan Columb Columbus Columel Columella Column Columura Constant Constantinus Cord. Cordus Crat. Crato Cresc Crescentius Croll Crollius D. DAmoc Damocrates Demet. Constantinop Demetrius Constantinopolitanus Diocl. Diocles. Diod. Diodorus Dionys Miles Dionysius Milesius Diosc Dioscorides Diph. Diphilus Donat. ab Alto mar Donatus ab Alto mari Dor. Dorion Dubrav Dubravius Dur. Durandus Durant Durantes E. ELluchas Elluchases Empir Empiricus Encel. Encelius Epaenet Epaenetus Epicharm Epicharmus Eumel Eumelus Evon Evonymus F. FAb Faber Fav Faventinus Fernel Fernelius Fest Festus Ficin Ficinus Florent Florentinus Forest Forestus Fracast Fracastorius Freitag Freitagius Fumanel Fumanellus Furner Furnerus G. GAdald Gadaldinus Gall. Gallorum Gal. Galenus Garc. Garcias Gariopont Gariopontus Gassend Gassendus Gattinar Gattinaria Gaz. Gazius Geopon Geoponicus Gesn Gesnerus Gilbert Gilbertus Gil. Gillius Gluckr Gluckradr Gord. Gordonius Grapald Grapaldus Griuner Griunerus Guain Guainerius Gyrald Gyraldus H. HAl Haly. Hartm Hartmannus Heb. Hebraeorum Hemelberg Hemelbergius Helmont Helmontius Heraclid Heraclides Hermol Hermolaus Herod Herodotus Her Herus Hess Hessus Hesych Hesychius Hices Hicesius Hieroc Hierocles Hieron D. Hieronymus Hippiat Hippiatri Hipp. Hippocrates Hisp Hispanorum Holler Hollerius I. JAc. Olivar Jacobus Olivarius Joh. de Vigo Johannes de Vigo Jonst Jonstonus Jos Michaël Josephus Michaelis Joub Joubertus Jov. Jovius Is Isaac Isid Isidorus Ital. Italorum Jun. Junius K. KEntman Kentmannus Kief Kiefer Kiran. Kiranides Kircher Kircherus Kusn Kusnerus L. LAnfrank Laurenb Laurenbergius Laur. Val. Laurentius Valla. Lemn Lemnius Leonel Leonellus Libav Libavius Lib. Germ. Liber Germanicus Linschot Linschotten Lonic Lonicerus Lul Lullius Lum Ma. Luminare Majus M. MAc Macasius Manard Manardus Marcel Marcellus Marian. Marianus Marcgrav Marcgravius Mart. Martialis Mas Massarius Matth. Matthiolus Med. destil Medulla destillatoria Mercurial Mercurialis Merul. Gaudentius Merula Mesarug Mesarugie Mes Mesue Minsh Minsheu Mizald. Mizaldus Mon. in Mes Monachi in Mesuem Montag Montagnana Montu Montuus Mnesith Mnesitheus M. SS Liber Manuscriptus Muff. Muffet Mundell Mundellus Munst Munsterus Mus Musa Myreps Myrepsus N. NEmes Nemesianus Nicand Nicander Nic. Mass Nicolaus Massa Non. Nonnus O. OBscur Obscurus Ol. Mag. Olaus Magnus Olivar Olivarius Olymp. Olympias Oppian Oppianus Oribas Oribasius Ornithol
except that of Asses which is of a most thinne substance and dissolving faculty Therefore it wonderfully helpeth the swellings and nodes of the joynts which are in Children caused by use of corrupted Milk making them plain and smooth So a Hemina thereof being drunk in the morning after walking by those that have the stone helpeth them being constantly used and is excellent to preserve from the same So Aet Milk with Honey helps suppurated reines especially that of the Asse or Mare cleansing ulcers after which the acrimonie being removed to cause nutrition that of the Cow is to be taken in a double q. Milk from the Cow Asse and Mare are most agreeable to the belly but trouble it so Diosc It 's most purged by the Mares then the Asses lastly the Cowes and Goats so Var. The young Asse groweth best when bred by Mares Milk Plin. The sweetest Milk is that of the Camel and the Asses the most wholsome or effectuall The Milk of the Cow is the fattest that of Sheep and Goats lesse fat and the Asses least and is therefore very seldome coagulated in the body being taken fresh and hot neither can it if Salt and Honey bee added thereto for the same cause it looseneth the belly more having more serum and lesse of the caseous or cheesy matter so Gal. therefore it as also Mares Milk descendeth sooner being the thinnest of Milks yet Pliny affirmes the same of that of Camels and Mares Marc. Plin. A little of the water being drunke of which the Cow or Asse hath drunke doth effectually help the headach Plin. Vnc. Sem. of the dryed brain of an Asse being drunk daily in water and Honey helps the Epilepsie in 30. daies Plin. The Ephemera feaver is cured by 3 drops taken from an Asses eare being caused to bleed in two hemina's of water also the lungs burnt drive away venomous creatures Haly being powdered and drunk it helpeth the cough and shortnesse of breath Plin. the heart of a black male Asse being eaten with bread helpeth the falling sicknesse so the liver being taken fasting so Diosc Plin. so mixed with a little alheale and dropped into the mouth for 40. daies together Marcel Plin. Being dry powdered with stone parsley two parts and 3. of walnuts and taken with hony fasting it helps the hepatick Avic The powder thereof with oile helps botches and chops caused by could with that of the flesh which Rhas and Diosc attribute to the powder of the hoofe Plin. The old spleen of an Asse helps the vices of the spleen most effectually in 3. daies so Marcel Sext. The spleen powdered and applied with Water causeth Milk in the breasts Plin. and burnt helps the womb Rhas The alcohol of an Asses spleen with Bears grease and oile mixed to the consistence of honey and applied causeth haire on the eye-browes Their old reines powdered and given in wine help the bladder and restraine the flux of urine so Plin. Marcel and the strangury Plin. The Ashes of the genital thicken the haire and help hoarines applied after shaving with lead and oile Osthan The right stone of an Asse causeth venery being drunk in wine or worne so the foame taken in a red cloth or inclosed with silver so the ashes of the genitall Plin. The stones being kept with salt powdered and put upon drink Asses milk or water help the falling sicknesse The gall as also that of the Bull used in water helps spots in the face the sunne and winds being shunned after the coming off of the skinne The bloud helps the flux of bloud from the tunicle of the braine which Diosc attributes to that of cocks 3. or 4. drops of the same drunk in wine help quotidian agues Plin. and the epilepsie if of a young Asse Diosc The fat maketh cicatrices of the colour of the body so Plin. or removeth them Also if old it helps exulcerations of the matrix and in a pessary mollifieth its hardnesse and with water is a psilothron Rhas anointed in a warme place it helpeth the falling sicknesse so the marrow Plin. And helps the Scab The fat helps S. Anthonies fire the leprosy and adustion by the sun applied with goose grease it causeth venery Sext. It helps the fundament Plin. The skin used prevents the fear of infants The bones decocted help against the poyson of the Sea hare the ashes of the hoofe being drunk for a month in the q. of two spoonfuls helpe the epilepsy With oile they helpe botches and the dry powder helps kibes as also creeping ulcers The suffumigation thereof hastens the birth though abortive and killeth if living The ashes thereof with the milk applied helpe cicatrices of the eies and white spots or with womens milk The white ring thereof prevents the epilepsie as that of the Elke The lichens applied with oile cause haire in a bald place applied with vineger it helps the lethargy It helps the heavinesse of the head arising from any cause the powder being used with vinegar So Marcel The flesh taken with broth helps the phthisick and in Achaia many use it for the same purpose so Plin. Marcel The milk of Asses being drunk with hony doth easily and without hurt loosen the belly Diosc Asses milk doth fasten the teeth and gums being washed therewith or the powder of the teeth For it is not only harmelesse to the teeth but helpful by the tenuity and abstersion Plin. The old stones of a Ram being powdered and drunk in water in the q. of an halfe penny or 3. quarters of a pint of Asses milk helpe the falling sicknesse abstaining from the drinking of wine three daies before and after so Plin. So also the curd of a Sea calf with Mares or Asses milk or the juyce of a pome granat mulled vinegar of taken in pills Gal. The milk given after a bath helps the tabes Plin. It helps the phthisick being drunk warme with hony and water also being drunk it helps the paine of the duggs and with hony helps the purgation of women It helps the exulceration of the stomach so that of the cow or three oboli of birthwort or agarick drunk in hot water or Asses milk with as much aniseed as can be taken up with three fingers and as much henbane it helpeth the orthopnoea It is also commended against the cough extenuation spitting of bloud dropsy and hardnesse of the spleene H. Yet it hurts a weak head and such as are troubled with the vertigo or ringing of the eares also it helps against gypsum cerusse and sulphur quicksilver and costivenesse in feavers Being gargled it helps the exulceration of the jawes and drunk helps the atrophy and feaver that is without the headach Being given to children before meat it hindreth corrosion It helpeth the coeliack and the dysentery with hony Being drunk it helps the tenesmus so that of the cow It helpeth the gout in the hands or feet so the Serum Honyed water therewith helpeth against henbane It resisteth poyson especially that of
they tread in one an others foot steps Tops They graze backwards the upper lip otherwise dubling over their mouthes F. Ferret Viverra P. In England France Italy and Germany c. M. Of Conyes Pigeons and Fishes Tops or milk N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Furo Furus Furunculus furectus FErret Tops T. the flesh and teeth are counted poysons V. the Gall helpeth the poyson of Aspes the same is commended against the falling sicknesse Marcellus so the whole Body if it be tosted dressed and eaten fasting like a young Pig Plin. The Body mixed with a Goats gall helpeth against the long flye called a Frier slying into the flame of Candles burning in the night which is counted poyson some They are of a very hot temperature and therefore quickly digest their meat and being wild by reason of their feare they rather seek their meat in the night than in the day Rhas Albert. They are kept out of dove-coats by hanging the head of a Woolf there so Cats c. Fitch Putorius P. Almost every where in England about houses M. Of Hens Birds Mice Rabbets and Fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Catus fuina Scaligeri Fitch T. V. The part of use taken from them is the skinne which is used in garments it 's of a rank smell so that it offendeth the head and causeth pain therein therefore it 's sold cheaper than the Foxes the fattest is the worst and they are best in Winter their flesh and lust being then lower and so hurt lesse by their smell They live in tops of houses and secret corners woods by the Sea sides and caves of hollow trees especially in the stalls of cattel hay houses and where they meet with Eggs. When taking the prey they feed first on the head Foxe Vulpes P. In Russia the Alpes and England c. M. Of Hens Geese Conies Hares Mice and Grapes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Schual Arab. Thaleb Volpes Foxe Gal. T. the flesh is dry somewhat like that of the Hare Rhas It is hot viscous hard of concoction and of bad juyce and is best in autumne Aet It is of exceeding bad aliment being unlike mans nature and stinking V. Gesn Plin. Marcel The decoction of the flesh helpeth the Gout Sext. So the Oile Gal. And that of a Hyena abiding some time therein after evacuation or purgation that it may not attract the humours to the joynts so Aet Hal. The Oile of a Fox decocted helps nodes and the joynts hurt by moisture so Rhas So decocted skin and all till boiled to pieces Mesue prescribeth it with Sea water c. With anet and time so also the decoction of a Hare or hedg-hog L. Favent The decoction of a Fox excoriated and unbowelled having his bones broken used as an embrocation to the nucha and paralytick part helpeth the same Myrepsus also maketh an excellent ointment thereof against the incontinencie of the nerves gout joynt ache and all affections and drynesse of the nerves Avic The skinne is hotter than the rest useful for parts too much moistned by humours or fluxions having a resolving and discussing faculty Sext. Shoos lined therewith ease the podagrick sc by cold so with that of the Sea Calfe Lion or Woolf. Albert. The ashes of the flesh of a Foxe drunk with Wine help the asthma Sylv. Their bloud drunk fresh breaketh the stone Myrepsus makes a nephritick antidote thereof Some drink the dry bloud in Wine for the same purpose with sugar Absyrt Being used as an errhine with gentle oxicrate it helps the Lethargy in Horses Sylv. The fat of a Fox is betwixt that of the Bull and Sow Avic Sometimes it atrracteth more than it resolveth That of the Beare may be its substitute mixed with that of a Woolf it helps the spasme Her Also the pains of the nerves and tremblings Aet It helps high tumours being mixed with the ashes of vine branches and boiled with lye Sylv. Her It helps the alopecia Plin. Also ulcers of the head especially the gall and dung applied with a like q. of Mustardseed It helpeth the ulcers of the Womb. Diosc And the pains of the eares being first melted at the fire and dropped in warme so Sext. Avic Albert. and Rhas Gal. With a like q. of lard it helps the diseases of the nerves And eares troubled with water so that of Geese or Hens as also sounding of the eares and sharp paines Hal. With the Oile of Oily pulse it helps the teeth also and other vices of the eares except fractures which may be helped by Calves glue relented in water Plin. It helps the diseases of Cows Absyrt Theomn And falling off of haire from an Horses taile Aeg. The ashes of the head with the some of the Sea and leaves of black Alkanet breed hair in the alopecia when brought to the cicatrice Sext. The brain often given to Children preventeth the falling sicknesse Plin. Some say that the tongue preventeth blearednesse of the eyes Marcel And worn about the neck in scarlet it helps white spots in the eyes Applied after soaking in Wine it draweth out darts Diosc Gal. The powder of the Lungs drunk helpeth shortnesse of breath Plin. So the Liver drunk in red Wine and Marcel in old Wine so Paul and Avic drach 1. being drunk after purgation give the ashes Rhasis useth the powder with cold water or that of raisins Sylv. It is to be washed from the bloud dryed in an Oven and so to be kept and to be powdered when to be used Some wash it in Wine then dry it and preserve it with sugar Others take away the rough arteries also and wrap it in wormwood that it may not putrifie so Cord. hereof is made a Lohoch used in the shops Rhas Albert. Some use the lungs of a Woolf in Milk with Pepper for the same purpose Sylv. It helps the phthisical by the property of it's whole substance Plin. Sext. The ashes drunk in water help the spleen Archig The liver of a Fox drunk in Oxycrate helps the spleen Marcel and Sextus also commend it Plin. Drunk with black Wine it openeth the respiratorie passages as also the lungs Plin. The fat helps ulcers of the head but especially the gall and dung with a like q. of Mustard seed Sext. Dropped into the eares with Oile it helps the paines thereof and mixed with Honey so applied to the eyes it wonderfully helps the dimnesse thereof Rhas drach 1. Being used in the matrice for 3. dayes causeth conception of a male being used as a pessary Plin. The reines applied with Honey help the tonsils so Sext. Plin. Sext. The genital bound about the head helps the paines thereof Plin. It as also that of Woolfes Weasels and Ferrets is bony and therefore good against the stone Sext. Being boiled in old Oile with bitumen and applied as a pessary it helps the suffocation in Women anointed on the head it helpeth the alopecia and dropped in helps the paines of the eares Plin The
luxations and discusseth tumours Plin. Boiled in vineger it discusseth wens Gal. It helps old buboes Plin. Boiled in wine or vineger it ripeneth what is to be broken Diosc Boiled in vineger and applied it helps creeping ulcers S. Anthonies fire and swellings behind the eares Sext. Mixed with honey and applied it helps cancers as also carbuncles which arise in the belly Marcel Warmed in vineger and applied it helps all ulcers of the leggs the butter of Cows being after added with oile of cypresse or bayes Plin. Applied with wine it draws out thorns c. out of the body With the rose cerot it being burnt bringeth the burnings of ulcers to a cicatrice Plin. With honey it helps luxations With old wine it helps broken ribs and after apertion and extraction cureth the same Boiled with vineger and honey it helps the paine of the nerves or putrefaction of the same Sext. With vineger it helps the diseases of the joynts so with Barley meale and Vineger in rustick Bodies With Honey it helps swellings behind the eares so Sext. and with Vineger it helps the contractions of the nerves so Marcel and tremblings Diosc Burned and applied with vineger or Oxymel it helps the alopecia so Rhas and Gal. Paul Plin. So with Honey Marcel 7. pills thereof with vineger applied to the fore head help the headach Plin. Marcel Applied to the neck with bulbs it helps the opisthotonos Marcel Sprinkled with strong Wine stamped applied and bound to the eyes it helps all paines and swellings thereof Plin. Applied with Honey it helps the warring of the eyes Diosc Applied with vineger it helps swellings behind the eares and applied with axungia also drunk in Wine it helps the jaundise Plin. Boiled with Honey and used to the belly it helps the coeliack Sext. and the collick Marcel And strained in water with mulse and pepper taken for 3. dayes Gal. Many use it against hard tumours of the Spleen and Dropsy Marcel Being powdered and drunk with Honey and drunk in hot water it killeth Worms Plin. In mulse it helpeth the stone Anon. The dry balls powdered and drunk in sack evacuate phlegme and help the cough With barly meale and vineger it helps the sciatica in rustick bodies so with axungia Some adde saffron mustard seed stalks of ivy flowers of the wild cucumber and pellitory of the wall Drunk with spikenard it provoks the menses and bringeth forth the birth powdered applied in wool with frankincense it stops the flux of women and other fluxes of bloud with vineger so Diosc With the haires of a Hare and fat of a Sea Calf to which some adde the scrapings of cedar used as a fume it bringeth forth the menses and secundine Plin. The urine of a Goat drunk helps the great flux of women the dung being applied Drunk with the vineger of squils it helps the stingings of Serpents Applied with wool it discusseth apostumes Marcel Put into the eares it helps the opisthotonos so Dios It helps the paines thereof Sext. So with mulse Plin. With Cows gall it helps the difficulty of hearing With the fume it helps swellings behind the eares Diosc With spicknard it helps the dropsy That of the mountain Goat helps the difficulty of urine and the stone taken warm with wine and water Sext. It provoketh the termes in women The description may be omitted they being common Jonst They are very venereous and generate when seven months old They goe five months and usually bring forth one young one They are frends to the Sheep Tiger Penny royal and Sea holly and enemies to the Woolf Pardal Elephant Schrich owle mans spittle honey spindletree the vine and fleabane Their noise is like that of the Sheep they feed in rough places They so hang on rocks that they seeme to stick to the same sc the Rock Goat Gulion Gulo P. In Lithuania Muscovia and the North parts M. Of any dead carkases N. Vultur quadrupes Scalig. Boophagos Crol Gulion Tops T.V. Their skinnes only are in use being white spotted changeably interlined like diverse flowers therefore the greatest Princes and richest Nobles use them in garments in the winter time sc the Kings of Polonia Sweeveland Goatland and the Princes of Germany also it soonest taketh a colour of all skinnes and retaineth it longest The outward appearance of the saide skinne is like a damaske garment Some think he is generated of a Woolf and a dogge he eats all the prey before he departs and emptieth the belly betwixt two trees till he hath done H. Hare Lepus P. In England Lybia and other places M. Of grasse corne and the like N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Arnebet Arab. Ernab HAre Gal. T. The flesh begetteth thick bloud but it 's of better juyce than beef or mutton It 's good to be used in a drying diet Celf. It 's of a mean and good juyce it bindeth the belly and provoketh urine Isaac Though grosse and dry yet it 's better than that of Goats Anon. It 's hot and dry and rosted helps the ulcers of the intestines It is good for old men and those of a cold temper Hal. It 's hot and dry 2° it 's best when taken by hunting in the winter and in cold countries It is good for those that are too corpulent and causeth watching It ought to be dressed with attenuating spices Some also count it cold and dry the former of which is conjectured from their timidity The way of dressing them may be seen in Platina and Apicius Gesn Plin. V. The ashes of a Hare with oile of myrtles helpe the paine of the head Pounded with honey it helps the enterocele Rhas Albert. The ashes help the stone The ashes of the bloud and skinne burnt in a pot and a spooneful thereof drunk fasting in warme water doe presently help the same So Sext. Those of the Hare helpe pissing of bloud also Hereof Nic. Alexandrinus maketh an antidote for the same purpose and Montagnana an electuary R. Mos A Coat of the skinne strengthens the body of young and old men The skinne wrapped about a horse foot that hath a tread helpeth the same being let bloud in the pasterne Marcel The bloud of a Hare applied warme helpeth spots in the face caused by the sun it being after a little while washed off using oile after it so Cels Vrsin It produceth haire beautifieth the skinne and easeth the gout Some use the ashes of the head or belly burned with the intestines against the falling off of the haire Some use the bloud against their growth the haires being first eradicated Diosc It helps the dysentery and fluxes being fried and eaten drunk in wine it helps against poyson Avic Fried it helps the Apostumes of the intestines Marcel When fresh boiled with barley meale and taken it helps the dysentery and flux of the belly so the curd Avic The flesh rosted helps the ulcers of the intestines Rhas Albert. It dryeth and therefore helps the paines of the intestines
help the falling sicknesse Applied with mouse dung and Honey it helpeth bare eyebrows that want hair the same helpeth the morphew Marcel Applied to the forehead and temples with vineger of squills it helpeth the paine of the hemicrania The urine with the gall of an Oxe helpeth the difficulty of hearing being dropped into the eares Gal. Drunk with Hyssop it provoketh urin Sext. Drunk with spikenard and dry danewort it helpeth the Dropsy Anon. Drunk with the ashes of Ivory it breaketh the stone in the reines and bladder Schrod The bloud is alexipharmick binding so helpeth the dysentery dissolveth congealed bloud helps the stone Used outwardly it ripeneth The oile thereof is good against the stone so the tincture and against coagulated bloud The fat helps the gout strangury and paine of the hemorrhoids The powder of the bladder helps the incontinency of urine drach 1. being given The kell applied warm helpeth the ebullition of the spirits so helps the collick and madnesse and expels urine The decoction of the skin stoppeth the hemorrage and diarrhoea Jonst The bloud with the juyce of groundsel mollifieth glasse steeped therein Mixed with vineger it helpeth the vomiting and spitting of bloud The Description is uselesse the beast being well known Hornd-snout Rhinoceros P. In the deserts of Africa and in many places of Asia M. Of Herbs and prickly shrubs c N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Reem Karas Hornd-snout Schrod T. V. the horn is good against poysons contagions and other affections that have need of evacuation by sweat and therefore it may be used in stead of Unicorns horne when that is wanting the D. of the powder is Scrup. sem to Scrup. 1. Jonst Some eate the flesh which is very nervouse Zacut. The skinne steeped in wine is drunk in malignant diseases As for the description they are almost of the forme of a Boare They have one horne on their nose They are as long as an Elephant yet they have shorter feet and a Boxe-like colour they are enemies to the Elephant and are not firce against man except provoked before they fight they rub their horne against stones and strike at the belly it being the softest part Bont When provoked by men they will throw them down when on horse back as if they were but fleas the flesh of which they then like off by reason of the roughnesse of their tongue When wounded in the woods they cast down whatsoever is in their way even ordinary trees Their noise is like that of the Hogges Horse Equus P. In England France Spaine and almost every where M. Of grasse hay and oats c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Sus. Arab. Bagel Pers Asbaca Horse Gal. T. Some eate the flesh thereof even when old but it is of very bad juyce of hard concoction unpleasant to eat and hurtful to the stomack so that of Asses and Camels The milk is drunk by the Tartars It as also the Asses and Cows is more fit for the belly than the sheeps which is more thick but they trouble the same so Diosc Var. Mares milk is most purging then the Asses Cows and lastly the Goats Plin. Being drunk it looseneth the belly The Camels is most thinne to which this is next the Asses is most thick so that some use it in steed of curd so Plin. Yet it as also the Mares presently descends Marcel The whey of Mares milk doth easily and gently purge the belly The cheese nourisheth much and answereth in proportion to the Cows so Sestius V. Plin. The bloud of a Horse corrodeth the flesh by a septick strength that of a colt drunk in wine helps the jaundise being let bloud in the mouth and swallowing it it cureth their worms Anon. The bloud out of the spurre veine being taken by them with salt helpeth their plague Veget. Applied it helps their weake parts Theomnest And fractures and luxations Anon. Applied it helpeth their cold and convulsive nerves being used warme Plin. The flesh and dung when going to grasse helpeth the bitings of Serpents Sext. The fume of the fatt expels the dead birth and secundine some use it in remedies against the spasme The ashes of the bones with verdigrease and the seed of henbane sprinkled on their abscesses after opening with a cautery help the same Albert. The teeth of a stoned Horse laid under the head hinder snorting in the sleep Plin. The powder thereof helpeth kibes and clefts or chaps in the feet so Marcel Plin. The same helpeth the vices of the privities and warts as also the coeliack and dysentery The first teeth applied help the tooth-ach and facilitate the breeding thereof being applied so Rhas and Albert. a Horse haire tyed about warts killeth them causing a priuation of aliment The ashes of a Horse head stop bleeding Avic The ashes of the Hide applied help pustules by refrigeration Plin. The old tongue of an Horse drunk in wine easeth the spleen so Marcel Matth The curd drunk in wine helpeth the bitings of Serpents Aesculap The same drunk helpeth all paines Dios it helps the coeliack and dysentery so Gall. Avic and Haly. Plin. It looseneth the belly as also the bloud marrow and liver Gesn but they all rather bind Plin. The teeth help the toothach Gal. The liver kept in a Cedar box and given with wine of Chia and Water helpeth the ulcers of the liver Plin. The spleen drunk in sweet water bringeth forth the dead birth The powder of the testicles causeth venery The ashes of the hoof applied with oile and water discusse impostumes in any part of the body and wens with warme urine so Marcel Plin. Applied they help rednesse with the itch Hipp. The filings of the foremost hoofes given with water help the frettings in Horses Hieroc Veget. the same being injected into the nostrils provoke urine Plin. The ashes drunk in wine or water help against the stone so Marcel Plin. The fume of the hoof bringeth out the dead birth The gall is counted poysonsome The milk of a Mare helps against the poyson of a Sea Hare and Toxicum Diosc Avic Being drunk it looseneth the belly Plin. And helps also the falling sicknesse so with Boares testicles Aet It purgeth ulcers Plin. The bath thereof helpeth the womb Rhas Albert. It causeth conception being drunk Marcel The whey thereof gently purgeth the body Aesculap The cheese of Mares milk stoppeth the belly and helpeth tertians Plin. The foame of an Horse used 40. dayes before the grouth of haire restraineth the grouth of the same the same helps the paine of the eares and deafenesse thereof or the ashes of the fresh dung with oile of roses Marcel The same helpeth gallings Plin. The foame helps rednesse with itching as also the disease in the tongue and jawes called die brüne sc that of a Horse eating oats or Barley using the liquour pressed out of Crabfishes after it or the powder thereof applied the same helpeth the cough being drunk 3. dayes Marcel and
the phthisick Rhas Albert. The sweat of an Horse mixed with wine causeth abortion being drunk by a Woman that is great Anon. Drunk with the urine in a bath it driveth away worms and Serpents sc out of the belly Avic The dung is of the same effect as the asses Diosc That of a Horse feeding on grasse being dryed steeped in wine and drunk helpeth against the wounds of Scorpions Plin. So the flesh and curd of a Hare with vineger and against the shrew mouse The dung applied with vineger and a Figge helps against the poyson of a mad Dogge The digestion thereof with vineger made in Horse dung helps the eruptions of bloud So if crude according to Diosc Rhas and Albert. Aesculp So the powder applied Ruf. so applied warme to which some adde chalk and sharp vineger Pelagon That of the same Horse hindreth too much bleeding after phlebotomie being applied Albert. Rhas So smelled to Plin. And the bleeding of wounds the ashes being applied with egge shells The juyce taken by the nostrils helps bleeding thereat Aesculap Dropped into the eares it helps the pains thereof Plin. So the ashes of that which is fresh with oile of roses as also the want of hearing Plin. That of a Foale used within 3. dayes after in wine helpeth the jaundise so that of an asses colt It helpeth the collick sc that from oats or Barley a handful thereof being boiled in unc 17. of wine to the consumption of an half and drunk by degrees so Empir Anon. Plin. The ashes of the dung drunk in wine stop the belly Sext. So the juyce drunk Marcel The ashes help the dysentery taken in wine or in water if there be a Feaver Plin. As also the coeliack Hal. The fume bringeth out the secundine and dead birth Plin. Some use the urine of an Horse with steeled water against the epilepsy and to help the lymphatick Empir With wheate meale an egge and butter it helps the bleeding of cattel by the fundament womb or nostrils Diosc Gal. The lichens in the legges of Horses powdered and drunk in vineger help the epilepsy some use the same against the biting of any beast Plin. Put into the eares with oile they fasten the teeth Drunk in wine or mulse 40. dayes they help the Soda and falling sicknesse Schrod The bloud especially of a breeding Mare is mixed with septick and caustick remedies The milk of a Mare helpeth the epilepsy phthisis cough and asthma's The curd helps the coeliack and dysentery the dung outwardly restraineth the eruptions of bloud inwardly it helps the collick strangulation of the womb expelleth the dead birth and secundine The fume of the lichens helps the suffocations of the womb and falling sicknesse the powder helps the stone The D. of the extract of the lichens is from gr 5. to Scrup. sem the powder of the testicles presently helps the collick and expels the secundine The fat helps the luxation of the joynts The fume of the hoofe driveth away lice The haires stop the flux of bloud The foame of the mouth helps the heat of the jaws Hartm in pract The water coming out of the mouth of a stoned Horse preventeth sterility The powder of the teeth is a dentifrice The stone found in the stomack called hippolithus is of the vertues of the occidental bezoar Jonst Paul Venet. The bloud helpeth hunger and thirst Theophrast The cheese with liquorice will preserve life an eleven or twelve dayes Aet The whey of the milk purgeth the ulcers of the reines Some say that the breath preserveth from the plague As for the description it 's needlesse they live sometimes to 20. yeares of age and are the most salacious of all animalls after two yeares of age It is known by often pissing and moving of the taile They are 12. months in breeding and are provoked to venery a nettle being put into the mouth or rubbed on the matrix Their conception may be known by the cessation of the menses and refusall of the Horse It 's thought they will bring forth a male if Horsed the 3d. day before the full of the Moon and a female if 3. dayes after Their noise is called neighing they beat the ground in their going they thrust their noses deepe into the Water when they drink and they are easily flattered they observe their enemies are very docible of good memory love their keepers and are magnanimous they love Hens and bustards but hate the Camel Elephant Woolf Beare Lyon Sow Sheep Asse Serpent Sea Calf Apples Figges Gentian black colours and dead bodies Their difference is according to places parts and accidents Adrov They or hot Hyena Hyaena P. In Africa Arabia Caesaria and Aethiopia M. Of the flesh of other Beasts N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Glanos Belbus Arab. Akabo Hyena Gesn T. the flesh is hot and moist Gal. V. The oile thereof discusseth like that of the Fox so Aet Gesn the flesh boiled with oile helps the gout and pains of the joynts caused by cold being of a thinne substance and diaphoretick Rhas Albert. So decoct in water Plin. Magitians used the skinne under those that were bitten by a mad Dog Marcel Shooes made thereof help against the gout that of the head helpeth the head-ach so Plin. Rhas Albert the bloud with Barly meal helpeth the tormina being taken and applied hot it helps the Leprosy The flesh and liver eaten help against the bitings of a mad Dog The nerves drunk with Wine and frankincense cause fecundity in those that have been disabled by witchcraft and the fume thereof helps the paine of the nerves so the marrow and lassitude of the reines Democ. Marcel Plin The marrow of the back mixed with its gall and old oile boiled to the temper and thicknesse of an Acopon helpeth all vices of the nerves and paines Applied it helps against vaine species The fume thereof driveth away Serpents and it helps the bitings of Dogs being applied The left part of the brain being used to the nostrils helpeth dangerous diseases of man or beasts The eye taken with licorice and aniseeds helpeth sterility in women The teeth applied help the paine thereof The left applied with sheepes skinne help the paines of the stomach the greater being worne help against feares in the night the fume helpeth those that are mad the breast being anointed with the fat of the reines or liver Rhas Albert. Used to the right arme it resisteth forgetfulnesse The jaw taken with aniseed helpeth horrors the fume of the same draweth out the termes of Women The dryed Pallat used with Alum helpeth the stink and ulcers of the mouth The flesh of the neck being drunk when dryed or eaten helps the paines of the loines The shoulders applied help the paines thereof The lungs taken in meate help the coeliack The heart eaten helpeth all paines of the Body as also tremblings spasmes and the palpitation of the heart the ashes of the same being applied with the brain it taketh away
exulceration of the lungs The powder of the liver helpeth the flux of the belly The gall cureth the weft in the eye and nyctalops The dung wasteth and expels the stone The stone found about the stomack like that of Bezoar of a black colour sweet smell and of the bignesse of a Wallnut helpeth malignant feavers poysons and the plague c. in somuch that some call it the German Bezoar The D. is gr 15. to 20. and as a prophylactick 4. or 5. So Casp Bauh de lap Bez. Tops They are in bignesse like the common Goat but higher their colour is between brown and red they are of the first colour in Winter and the last in Summer Their hornes crook backwards to their shoulders they leape farre and love their young exceedingly Roe-buck Capreolus P. In Africa Egypt Germany Arabia and Lycia M. Of fresh pastures rushes and bulrushes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Zebi Capreus Arab. Gazel Roe-buck Gesn T. the flesh is better than that of other wild creatures being familiar to mans Body and is fit for humid Bodies and those that have many superfluities as also for the collick and Epilepsy but it stoppeth the belly and helps the worms by its siccity so Sym. Seth. Rhas The flesh engendreth little excrement being dry Arab. The nutriment thereof is cold and dry as for the cookery thereof See Platina and Apicius V. Plin. They are of the vertues of the tame Goats but more strong as also for the most part other wild creatures are in respect of the domestick Marcel The Caprea used in meat helps the tormina and dysentery by drying Diosc the curd of the Dorke is of the same vertue as that of a Hare Gal. Drunk with Wine and injected with the cremor of rice it helps the coeliack and dysentery Sext. The powder of the liver drunk with Wine and hot water helps the pains of the eyes as also the nyctalops the ashes applied stop bleeding Drach 1. of the gall mixed with drach 4. of the meale of Lupines and Honey applied cleareth the face though burnt by the Sunne as also freckles so with Honey nitre the ashes of a sponge and quick brimstone reduced unto the consistence of honey and applied Drach 1. With a little Wine and Honey helps the dimnesse of the eyes cicatrices white spots the Nephelion Glaucoma and Pterygion as also the ruptures of the tunicles with Womans milk and the older it is the better so Sext. with oile of roses or the juyce of leekes dropped warme into the eares it helps the ringings and sound thereof With oile of roses it helps the toothach that of the jawes with honey and all vices thereof with Myrrhe Saffron and Pepper p. aeq being boiled in Wine till thick It looseneth the belly used as a suppository with the juyce of Sowbread Anet and a little Alum if there be no trouble by the hemorrhoids With honey or the juyce of brambles applied it helps the exulceration of the privities The spleen drunk cureth the tormina Plin. and coeliack Gal. The dung dryed and sifted taken in the q. of a spoonful in sweet or odoriferous wine fasting helps the jaundise and feavers drunk in water Schrod In other parts it agreeth with the Goat but is more strong and effectuall Jonst The bloud with the Sea palm taketh away hair Marcel and ripeneth abscesses The gall is like a treacle against venemous bitings also it smootheth the cheeks Tops They are somewhat like other bucks and very swift their belly hath black stroakes their Body is of a yellowish colour their feet are long but eares longer their eyes are black and hornes comely They swim as with oares therefore love Rivers The horns are only on the Males and have 6. or 7. branches the Femals have none They live chiefely among the Rocks They agree with Hares and Swine but feare woolfs They are taken with nets S. Scinck Scincus P. In Arabia and about Nilus M. Of Odoriferous flowers N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Crocodilus ter Diosc minor Bel. SCinck Jonst T. V. the flesh is used in great antidots against poyson as the Diascincon Rhas The creature being worn by little Children preventeth the feare in dreames Drach 1. drunk causeth venery The flesh is used in India against the Elephantiasis and maketh fat Some use the heart with black wool against quartans The gall with honey helps suffusions The reines increase sperme The bloud applied with borax helps the spots in the face The fat helps the pain of the reines The ashes of the skinne are cast upon parts to be cut to hinder the sense of pain Aegineta useth the taile in the ointment called entaticon The fume of the intestines helps those that are hysterical Serapio maketh an antepileptick remedie of the dung Plin. The same cleanseth spots in the eyes C. The best is white They lay egges which breed They may be seen at the apothecaties shops Sea-horse Hippopotamos P. In Egypt and Gofala in the Sea and on Land M. Of Corne and Grasse N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Equus Niloticus Bos Porcus Elephas mar Sea-horse Jonst T. they are eaten by the Aethiopians V. Colemn The tooth worne or a ring thereof helpeth the hemmorrhoids Plin. And easeth the toothach The fat helps against the rigor in agnes The ashes of the skinne applied with water dissolve spots The skinne of the forehead applied to the groin hindereth venery Diosc The testicles dryed help against the bitings of Serpents Their fat used defendeth from Crocodiles The skinne defendeth from lightning Plin. The skinne is so thick that speares may be made thereof As for their description their belly is plain the legges 3. foot long or more and of the same compasse the foot is a foot broad the head 2. foot and a half broad 3. foot long and 7. foot about the widenesse of the mouth 1. foot with little eyes one inch broad and 2. long the eares 3. inches the body fat with claws like a Cow but quadrifide taile like a Beare and nose like a Lion Sheep Ovis P. Almost every where in all Countries M. Of Grasse Hay Leaves and Grain N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Zon. Pecus Sheep Gal. T. the flesh is of worse juyce than that of the Hare or Lamb and more excrementitious it is best in spring Sym. Seth. Beefe compared therewith is cold and of melancholick juyce it is best of a yeare old afterwards it 's hardly concocted and hurteth those that have a moist and pituitous stomach It 's good for Women that have ulcerated wombs so Hippoc. Crescent It 's too moist Muff. The best mutton exceedeth not above 3. or 4. yeares in age and that is taken from a short and dry feeding and then may be sodden with buglosse borrage and parsely roots It is worse than the flesh of weathers being too excrementitious and soone corrupted so that of Rams being too hot and dry Crescent The milk yeelds wholesome nourishment and is so much the better
dung used to the privities of a Mare with Turpentine causeth her to goe to Horse Egges given raw to kine cause appetite putting Garlick into their nostrils The powder of the dung helps their ulcers with the juyce of elder after washing with the decoction thereof with wine and salt The broth of a Capâ—n is good in weakenesses feavers and the Pestilence with appropriate herbs so the distilled water The grease helps the collick Aldrov Jonst The powder of the pellicle of the stomach helps fistula's the bones of the legges are used against the whites in Women Schrod The gelly is nutritive the fat is betwixt that of Geese and Swine The white of an egge is cold binding and glewing the yolk is anodyne degestive loosening and maturative It is used in Clysters with salt Colemouse Ficedula P. Almost every where in all Countries M. Of Figges and Corne c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Melancoryphus Carbonarius parus Colemouse Schrod T. The flesh eaten sharpneth the eye sight As for the description it is needlesse the bird being common nor the note it being often heard as for the rest see Titmouse Aldrov They are best in the autumne being then fattest Aristot They build in hollow trees They bring forth many young and usually an odde number They feed their young very fat they are taken by nets and birdlime Coot Fulica P. In Fennish and watery places and reedy pooles c. M. Of Herbs and Seedes and the like N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Phalaris Mergus niger Pullus aquaticus Coot Aldrov T. They have a ranck and moorish smell therefore they are used to be boild in an open pot and rosted afterwards so they are more pleasant tenderer and of easier concoction they are best in autumne but never good for temperate Bodies V. some use the heart against the Epilepsy The flesh is used also against bitings by Spiders The description is needlesse They build their nests on the ground laye egges of the bignesse of those of Hens in the summer time They foretell storms by their noise and winds by their diving and clapping of their wings so Jonston Cormorant Mergus P. 〈◊〉 the Sea Rivers and Fennes and such like places M. Of Eeles and Congers c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dypres Poynges Bunges Cormorant Aldrov T. the flesh is black and hard of digestion V. Kiran. The flesh rosted and eaten helps the Elephantiasis and spleen The bloud is alexipharmick and resisteth venimous beasts the powder of the ventricle helps concoction sc of that called Aethyia Seren. So of that called Mergus though Galen and Wotton deny it Plin. Magicians use the heart against quartans Diosc The old liver drunk with hydromel bringeth out the secundine Aet Being rosted with oile and a little salt it helps those that are bitten by a mad Dog Kiran. The gall with rosin of Cedar hindereth the growing of hairs on the eye-liddes after evulsion the egges help the dysentery reines and stomack Jonst Their young presently get their living The old are often fished with having a string tyed about their necks to hinder them from swallowing Their noise about the banks predicts tempests The Water Crow may be reduced hither the skinne of which is used to be worne upon the stomack causing concoction their ventricle presently concocting all meat Crane Grus P. In Lybia Egypt and Aethiopia M. Of Fruits and Herbes c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Avis Palamedis Heb. Sas. Crane Gal. T. The flesh is fibrous and hard Aeg. The lesser are more moist easierly concocted of stronger meat and sooner passe through the Body Rhas The flesh causeth melancholy Sym. Seth. It 's hot and dry therefore they are to be eaten 2 dayes after killed but it seemeth rather to be cold and dry of a grosse substance and hard of concoction They are best after they have hanged in their feathers and are after used with Aromatick sauces drinking sack after it Ornithol The flesh is moister than that of the Stork The egges are eaten by the Indians Barth Ang. But they are insiped of a strong smell ungrateful taste and of hard digestion V. Avic Port. They defend from venemous creatures Villanov They help against cankers the palsey and ulcers Marcel Used in meate they help against the tormina The broth clarifieth the voice and increaseth the sperme so Sym. Seth. Arnold The powder of the head eyes and belly helps fistula's cankers and all ulcers The braine is used against vices of the fundament Rhas The liver helps paines of the reines drach 1. being drunk with the water of ciches also the testicles with sal gemme spume of the Sea dung of a Lizard and Sugar help white spots in the eyes and bruites The gall helps spasmes Hal. Being cast into the nostrils with the water of sweet marierom it helps the palsey Constant The fat helps all hardnesses Sym. Seth. That arising from boiling helps deafenesse and the hardnesse of the spleene with vineger of squills taken in a bath Applied it helps swellings The dung is of the nature of that of the Pigeon Some say that the feathers stupifie Serpents Schrod The flesh is good for the nerves and membranes as also against the collick The fat helps the stiffnesse of the neck and is of the nature of the Goose grease The marrow of the shanks is used in ophthalmick unguents As for the description the neck is 18. inches long the sides are black the neathermost parts white the Crown black with a red spot the rest ash coloured except the greater feathers of the wings and are crisped towards the taile The rough arterie is inserted in the flesh to the bone sternon therefore they are heard so farre They generate as Sparrows They lay 2. egges their noise is great and loud they live 40. yeares run fast usually fly with the wind in a triangular forme and vary according to the wind They follow the most robust and ancient leader and when weary substitute the next the hindmost alwayes make a noise for the rest they watch in the night with a stone in their feet The rest put the head under the wing also they hate Eagles Craye Cornix P. About Cities Houses and Rivers c. M. Of Fruits Nuts Worms fishes and flesh c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gaudes Kokis Berositis Rooke Craye Aldrov T. the flesh is of ill stinking and bilious juyce yet it 's eaten by the poor people in Italy Demet. Constantinop The flesh hurts Hawkes also V. Plin. Marcel The braine boiled and eaten helps great and old paines of the head Plin. And causeth haires in the eye lids Kiran. The dung helps the dysentery The bellies laid 3. dayes in fresh dung and left after to ebulliate in oile till resolved cause the haires to be white Ornithol The putrid flesh draweth shrew mice unto it which then may be killed Jonst The flesh is thought useful in Chronical diseases As for the description it 's about the bignesse of a
The flesh is austere V. Marcel The ashes drunk in wine help the colon Rhas Applied as a cataplasme it helps the bitings of a Crab. Plin. The heart helps the paine of the sides The bloud used to the temples causeth sleep The fume of the feathers expelleth worms The tongue helps oblivion The skinne helps the paine of the head Rhas The eye as an amulet cureth the leprosy Schrod The feathers help the paine of the head Jonst As for their description they are a little bigger than a Quaile and of a duskish colour which they change in the autumne They have a tuft on their heads They make their nests in foggs They lay three eggs like but lesse than those of Partridges and of a stronger smell They fly gently Their noise shews raine K. Kingfisher Alcedo P. Almost every where by rivers and ditches M. Of fishes by diving under the water N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Halcyon Avis Possideonis KIngfisher Kiran. T. V. Some affirme that being rosted and eaten the flesh helps those that are demoniack which seemeth to be fabulous As also that the eyes applied in a linnen cloth to the head of those that sleepe too much cause waking Bapt. Port. So the flesh eaten the bird being wakeful Schrod Some say that the heart dryed and hung about the necks of infants helpeth the falling sicknesse As for the description it may be omitted as uselesse Jonst They lay five eggs and build on the shore They love the Males and keep company with them all the yeare Some say that their breast alwayes turneth to the wind being hung up by the bill with a thred in the house Kite Milvus P. Almost every where in England and other places M. Of birds and carrion and the like N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Daah Arab. Cheda Kite Avic T. The flesh is grosse Aldrov Yet it 's eaten by poore people in Germany V. Some say that a twig of the nest laid under the head easeth the paine thereof and the opisthotonos The powder of the flesh helps the gout Gal. and the epilepsy Plin. so the liver eaten as also the opisthoronos drunk applied it helps the vices of the eyes so Bapt. Port. Marcel the testicles drunk fasting with spring water and honey help towards fecundity or venery Plin. The dung helps the paines of the joynts Florent The fume of the same with storax driveth away creeping things Port. and Serpents The worms of the flesh help the gout The gall takes away the spots of the eyes Schrod The D. of the powder is scrup sem or scrup 1. The bloud applied with nettles helps the gout so the fatt Jonst They love the Cuckow L. Lark Alauda P. In England France and Italy and other places M. Of Corne and wormes c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cassita Galerita LArk Durant T. The flesh is hot and moist without excesse and is fittest to be eaten when fattest sc in autumne and winter And is of good nourishment When rosted they help the appetite and are easily concocted especially with sage if not too stale Cardan It 's hot and dry Savon 2° sc The Cristed Elluch That without the Criste is the best V. Aldrov The Cristed larke helps the collick being eaten rosted or boiled so Gal. and Diosc Marcel Virg. Seren. and Plin. So the powder so Alex. Tral and Port. They discussing their flatulency by garrulity Note They are fattest in the winter having ratified bodies and the winter hindering perspiration Schrod The heart applied to the thigh helps the collick The fresh bloud drunk in vineger helps the stone As for the description it is uselesse Jonst They build with dry herbs on the ground and breed thrice in a year Their disease is the epilepsy M. Moorehen Gallina corylorum P About rivers pooles and marishes M. Of graine but their diet is not much observed N. Gallina vitium Bonasa Orix MOorehen Ornithol T. Some count it a noble meat and the best of all wild foule and say there are three colours in the flesh Albert. It 's black without but white within tender and of a very pleasant taste Auth. de nat rer Mundel In the goodnesse of the juyce it may be compared to the Partridg V. Stumpf. The flesh is good against the epilepsy The ventricle helps the asthma in horses So Jonston N. Nightingal Luscinia P. In woods almost every where in England c. M. Of worms ants eggs and bread N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Acredula Ales Daulia NIghtingal Aldrov T. The flesh is sweet and wholsome V. It causeth watchfulnesse Kiran. The gall with honey cleareth the eyes Alex. Ben. The flesh eaten helps the cachexy The description is needlesse Jonst They breede in May. Their voice is known They hate the Viper and Hauke and are docible O. Ostrich Struthiocamelus P. In Africa Lybia Aethiopia and Arabia c. M. Almost of any thing N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Avis Lybica OStrich Gal. T. V. The ventricle taken in the quantity of two spoone fulls with wine helps the flux if there be no feaver but else with water Kiran. The stone taken out thereof and hanged about the neck helps concoction R. Mos the inward tunicle helps the stone Avic The flesh is hot and fatt causeth appetite strengthens the body and causeth coiture for it is of very hard concoction much superfluity grosler and harder than any flesh The fatt is more efficacious than that of the Goose With the diacinnabar plaister it helps hard swellings And is used against arthritick pain Hermol The urine takes out the spots of ink Kiran. The eggs help the gout Schrod The fatt helps the nervous parts and softens the spleen Jonst They generate as the Camel Owle Noctua P. In England France Germany and other places M. Of wasps bees lizards and mice N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Kos Nyctimene Owle Aldrov T. The flesh is little used in meat and if so by the poorer sort of people wanting better victuals R. Mos Yet if young it 's of good savour But Rhasis saith it's cold dry and grosse V. Some commend the bloud against the orthopnoea Aet It 's a psilothron after evulsion The flesh helps those that are paralytick R. Mos As also those that are melancholick and troubled in mind The braine eaten helps the headach The same as also the liver infused in oile and put into the eare helps its impostumes Rhas That of the male helps the nyctilops Plin. It helps the quinsey Schrod The gall helps the spots of the eyes and the fatt quickens them P. Partridg Perdix P. Almost every where in England and other places M. Of snailes chickweed corn and ants N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Kore PArtridg Muff. T. The flesh is temperately hot but inclineth to drynesse 20. The old are as bad as old beefe When young and tender they agree well with cold weake watrish and pale bodies drying up a moist stomach strengthning the retentive power easily
red and little When taken they make a noise like Cuckowes Cuttle Sepia P. Their abiding is in the septentrional Ocean M. Of little fishes and the Mullet N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Theb. Opistholia Arab. Sarathan Cuttle Jonst T. They ware and are still used as meat they are best when great chiefely in January February and March For the most part they are boiled and are better than the rosted in Illyria the greater are salted and are thence carried to Venice Some use them with nuts to cause venery the spawn may be fried Sym. Seth. They are hardly concocted and have little juyce V. Gal. With the shells of eggs and oile they help the tooth-ach Hipp. They are often used in Womens diseases Cels Diosc Their ink mollifieth the belly Plin. The spawn provoketh urin Marcel And takes away tinctures and spots in the skinn The bones are used in dentifrices Gesn and drunk in water help the vices of the breast Schrod The bone dryeth and cleanseth sc the powder it helps spotts moist itch and the eyes applied with honey It helps swollen gumms in dentifrices it helps the asthma taken it stops the gonorrhoea it expels the stone and provoketh urin the D. is scrup 1. The spawn cleanseth the reines and ureters and provokes the termes Jonst. As for the description they agree very much with the Poulp and Calamire They generate by embraces in the spring and goe fifteen dayes their eggs are first white till they put forth their black liquour thereon and the male ejaculats his sperm The young are excluded as birds The males are known as being rougher The male helps the females and being in dainger they cast forth their atrament They catch fishes after the manner of angling by letting down a line as it were from the neck with a crooke at the end of it D. Dace Leuciscus P. In most rivers in great streames M. Of red worms Cod-worms maggets and young wasps c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Leucorinus Albicella Vindosa DAce Muff. T. Is of a sweet taste a soft flesh and good nourishment either sod or broiled or pickled like Anchovaes after the Italian manner Aldrov Gal. So they loose what is mucous and virulent Some catch them and use them like Herrings Bell. Gesn They are best in April and May as also in February In Italy they take them chiefely in the winter Grapald They are good rosted and seasoned with salt vineger oile olive pepper and cinnamon V. Rondel The fatt helps paines of the eares and mixed with the gall cleanseth the dimnesse of the eyes As for the description it 's needlesse Jonst In the summer they have worms in them and are unwholsome They spawn in June and copulate with the Carp Muff. Those of the Sea called Javelings are of the same nature Dog-fish Canis cetaceus P. In the deep Sea and neere the shore M. Of flesh and fishes which they catch by craft N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Canis Carcharias branchiatus Dog-fish Rond T. The flesh is white and not of a ferine taste Mnesith It 's of easie concoction Gal. It 's hard and excrementitious yet eaten by the Country folks being salted but it's mucons and of an unpleasant taste therefore they are eaten with mustard or some sharp sauce Also when salted it engendreth melancholy bloud Alex. Ben. It as also the condemned meats sc the Hoggs Cows Asses Doggs Dog-fishes and all cetaries salted have made many Idiots V. Their teeth are set in silver to cause dentition as many think Rond the same are used as dentifrices by their asperity to whiten the teeth and by their drynesse to preserve and strengthen the same The fatt may be used in steed of that of the Crocodile and used in a gargarism with water and vineger it helps the tooth ach Some weigh foure thousand pound as for the description their skin is rough their mouth supine head great teeth triangular eyes great and round and the optick nerves hard and the taile of a cubit long so Jonst Dolphin Delphinus P. They are to be found in most places of the Sea M. They live of fishes for the most part N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Porcus Marinus Delphis Berellus Dolphin Albert. T. They are not eaten by the Italians but by the Germans Rondel And are of great account amongst the French Therefore they are sent to Lyons having a hard flesh such as will not soon putrify The most useful parts are the liver and tongue The liver is of a tender substance but of evil juyce the tongue is more tender and fatt and to be prefered before the liver Card. The bowels are like violets both in taste and smell V. Plin. The ashes of the fish applied with water help the leprosy and ringworms cicatrizing the same Kiran. The liver rosted and eaten helps tertians and quartans Plin. so taken before the fit or the fatt anointed The same drunk with wine helps the dropsy The fume helps the strangulation of the womb The ashes of the teeth with honey cause dentition and helpe feares Kiran. The powder of the belly helps the spleen As for the description they have a flat nose a moveable short broad and carnose tongue sharp and little teeth great eyes A spout betwixt the eyes Two strong finnes The privity like that in beasts so the womb the genital as in foure footed beasts and they are without a gall They live 300. years generate like rationals and have a groaning voice a sharp sight and love musick and men but hate the Whale c. Dragon Draco P. They live in the Sea amongst the sand and rocks M. Of the smaller kind of fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Maris Vastator Dragon Gal. T. The flesh is hard and dry but if prepared It 's pleasant nourishing much and begetteth good juyce Rond V. The ashes of the fresh head thereof help against all poyson Plin. The tooth-ach may be cured by scarification with their bones H. Their wound causeth feavers and inflammations Plin. The remedy is a Mullet eaten or applied Diosc Gal. Or the fish applied Aeg. or sulphur with vineger Aet or lead E. Eele Anguilla P. Almost every where in England and other places M. Of froggs worms fishes roots herbs c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Plota Enchelys EEle Muff. T. Their flesh is sweet but unwholsome So hurts diverse yeelding much nourishment but very corruptible H. They loosen the belly but cause fluxes They open the windpipes but stop the liver They clear the voice but infect the lungs They increase sperme but not good lastly they cause agues hurt the stomach and kidnies engender gravel cause the strangury sharpen the gout and fill the body with many deseases They are worst in summer but never wholesome the elder are better and the silver bellied and sandy worst Villanov They have all a venimous malignity and gluish suffocating juyce yet those of Jovius by Cremona are counted good Note Their sinking
Schrod Those belonging to rivers are an antidote against all poysons of Serpents being eaten with salt oile and butter and their broth drunk They help against old rigors of the tendons The wine in which the green are killed helps to the loathing of wine Applied alive they help pestilent biles the heate of causons and mitigate the pains of the joynts and quench St. Anthonies fire Their Gargarisme helps the toothach applied to a torminated belly they ease it The heart applied to the back bone helps algid agues and some apply it against the heart to help causons and heate Crat. The liver powdered is good used in quartans The livers of the green help Epilepsies The gall helps the eyes and drach sem of the powder taken helps quartans The fat dropped into the eares helps the pain thereof The sperm called sperniola doth coole constipate thicken ease pain help the itch of the hands in March kills creeping ulcers helps the Paronychia it helps the erysipelas burnings and other inflammations It helps the rednesse of the face flux of the menses and hemorrhoids put into the womb or fundament The ashes of Frogges stop bleeding in wounds or the nostrils the fume helps hemorrhages of the nostrils it helps the alopecia with tarre Drach 1. taken helps the gonerrhoea The water of the sperm helps the bladder exulcerated by the acrimony of humours also it repelleth and stoppeth bloud helps rednesse of the face and cureth ringworms the erysipelas and gangreens French the compound helps all paines and hot and cold swellings The powder of the sperm helps malignant ulcers and all inflammations Jonst They of the Sea as to their description are all head and taile their mouth is great teeth many and sharp jaws semicircular the tongue longer than the upper jaw and eyes large in the top of the head Kircher Art Magnet They have a kind of finne in the midst of their nose They live alone and amongst stones where they lie with open mouth seeming to have a worm therein which the Fish seeing are taken by them So they are call'd Piscatrices G. Grailing Thymallus P. In cold frigid and gravelly waters M. They live upon aquatile insects N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Aschiar Thymus piscis Temarus GRailing Gesn T. They are to be preferred before Trouts Salv. They are tender and sapid and therefore dearer than other Fishes especially in May. They are also very wholesome and therefore prescribed by Physitians to their patients in steed of saxatile Fishes Plat. They are good fried Gesn But the fatter are better tasted when rosted Salv. And the greater are best boiled and eaten with butter V. Gesn Ms. Germ. The gall is used in diseases of the eares as that of the Eele and Tench for being dropped in it breaks the pellicles cureth fluxions and killeth worms Salv. The fat dropped in helps deafenesse and wounds Gesn It helps the eyes lippitude rednesse heate and wefts a drop being dropped in dayly The fat helps spots in the eyes and adustions and marks of the pocks so Schrod It 's a kind of Troute Groundlin Aphya P. About Rocks in many places in the Sea M. They live by licking one an other N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apua Hepsetus Liparis Genitura Groundlin Rond T. They yeeld a moist aliment Athen. And are flatulent being of unequal concoction Mnesith They loosen the belly and are to be eaten sodden The Phalerick is very fat which serves for lamps Jonst They are generated of putrified mud and showers They swim together in great sholes that make the water white They are taken with fine nets Gudgin Gobius P. Almost every where in England c. M. Of Worms Cad-worms and Grubbes c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cobio Gobio Cothus Gudgin Muff. T. They are either white and little or else bigger and blacker yet both are as a Perch but the yellowish are dry leane unseasonable Gal. They are much to be commended being short pleasant in taste fat friable soon concocted nourishing much and increasing good bloud and of a mean juyce and softer than Mullets The best live about Rocks but those that live in fennes and lakes are not wholesome Hices They generate much but not good juyce they are easily evacuated and nourish not much The white are better than the black the yellow are of a more hollow substance lesse corruptible of thinner juyce and not so copious and by reason of their largenesse are more nourishing Aet They are good in the collick from cold and pituitous humours yeelding much aliment and strength to the body V. Aeg. The Marine being sodde loosen the belly Kiran. So the fluviatile with salt or milk Sym. Seth. If rosted and without salt they help dysenteries lienteries and painful egestions Diosc Applied they help the bitings of mad Dogs and Serpents Schrod Nicand Being eaten they help against dorycnium Diocl. Saxatil fishes yeeld a dry aliment but solid and corpulent Muff. Sea Gudgions called Paganelli and by some Sea-cobs are a most sound light wholesome and nourishing meat They are brought to Exceter Groundlings called Funduli are of the same nature Guilt-head Aurata P. About Berenice and the Seas M. Of Flesh and Shell-fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Orata Chrysos Joniscus Guilt-head Hices Athen. T. They are the sweetest of all Fishes and most acceptable to the Pallat. Mnesith They are hardly concocted but if so they yeeld much aliment Rondel They are of a midle flesh good juyce and a little harder than Saxatile fishes the best are the Marine in France they boile them in water and wine or vineger some adde oile Saffron Pepper and Raisins or they may be rosted with oile and vineger often sprinkled thereon See Plat. and Apic. Muff. Those call'd Lucernae or Golden-Poles are almost like the Gurnard Gal. But of harder digestion Jonst As for their description they seldome exceed 10 l. their back is of a ceruleous blackish colour the sides silver coloured the belly milkie the upper part of the eyes golden The fore teeth are long They breed in the summer neere the mouths of Rivers And they are taken by bows placed on the Sand. H. Herring Halec P. In the Baltick Ocean and Germany M. Some say they live only on the water N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Halecus Harengus HErring Aldrov T. They have a fat and soft flesh Being fried fresh in butter they are very delicate and much desired by the Hollanders some use them the back bone being taken out with Onions Apples Vineger and Oile they are eaten also rosted or broiled after watering being salted Schrod V. their animae taken provoke urine The salted applied whole to the soles of the feet draw humours from the head ease feaverish heate and the ashes break the stone The pickle is used in clysters in paines of the hips and dropsy it cleanseth foetid ulcers and helps gangreens quinsies and botches Horn-beake Acus P. They live in the salt waters M. Their meate
is not observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ablennes Acicula Horn-beake Diph. T. That of Aristotle is of hard concoction moist and of good juyce though Hicesius saith they are juycelesse Alex. Ben. They are good in the time of pestilence Rond The vulgar hath a dry and hard flesh V. Gal. The ashes of the Marine drunk help the flux of urine Kiran. Whole with the Irine unguent it inspissats and the ashes help diseases by the whale or wounds That of Oppian is soft or moist being fried and irrorated with the juyce of an Orange it is gratefull to the pallat Jonst As for the description the first is long sc of one cubit a finger thick and of a yellow colour with a little head long nose eyes little gills on each side and ventricle in the midle also they bring forth egges K. Keeling Milvus P. They live in the Seas onely M. Of flesh though without teeth N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Milvago 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Landola KEeling Muff. T. They differ in nothing but in name from Cod. Aldrov The flesh is unpleasant Athen. Harder than the Gurnard but if any will eate them they are better boiled than rosted V. Rond The gall helps suffusions in the eyes Jonst They are like Kites as to their description L. Lamprey Lampetra P. They live in the Sea and Rivers M. Of water and mosse and the like N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Alabeta Galexia Lumbricus marinus LAmpreys and Lamprons Muff. T. Differ in bignesse only and in goodnesse both are a sweet and nourishing meat increasing lust through much nourishment but they are evil even for strong stomachs and quickly cause furfeits Vid. Polyd. Virg. L. 11. H. they are best in March and April being then sattest in the summer they are harder and leaner They are to be well sod or baked else they are of hard and very dangerous digestion H. they are hurtfull for those that are old gouty aguish and troubled in their sinewey parts The Italians beate them on the taile till almost dead then gagge their mouth with a whole Nutmeg and stop every oilet hole with a clove and then cast them into oile and Malmsey with crummes of bread a few Almonds blancht and minced to correct and better their flesh These are best baked and the Lamprons broiled The best are those in Severns being whiter purer sweeter fatter and of lesse malignity Alex. B. it 's of good juyce and to be preferd before all Fish Albert. But it 's rather unwholesome and to be seasoned with spices Aldrov The flesh of that called Muraena is in a Mediocrity Aet They are difficultly concocted and cause inflations and bad humours Their dressing may be seene in Apicius V. Kiran. eaten with broth they help the Nephritick Leprosy and Scabs with Pepper Plin. The teeth worn help breeding of the teeth also their ashes with honey help lichens and the Leprosy Marcel The ashes of their skinnes applied to the forehead with vineger help paines of the head Jonst As for their description they are about 2. cubits long Salv. They are about 12. pounds weight They live in the Sea about petrose places and the mouths of Rivers They live with flesh When taken they are said to fly at the fishers They hate the Locust Polypus and Conger c. Lobster Locusta marina P. In the Sea and in most places M. Of little Fishes and Congers c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gammarus Lobster Muff. T. They are of a strong and hard flesh and hard of concoction The belly claws and upper parts are most tender and the taile parts tough When they are seething their mouth and lower vent should be stopped with towe that they may be more pleasant in taste They are for strong stomachs The least are tenderest and the middle sized best flesht the greater are old and tough and hardly concocted They come in season with the Buck and goe out with the Does comming in Also they are best in the full of the Moon Clove and gilly-floure vinger is their best sauce also buttered with vineger and Pepper they give a strong nourishment to an indifferent stomach They are best when their spawn lieth greatest in their head Hipp. They purge childing Women Sim. Seth. The ashes of the shells drunk with pure Wine purge the reines from the stone So Jonst Lumps Orbes P. In the septentrional Ocean M. Their meat is not observed N. Orchis Lumpus Angl. Aldrov Batus rotundus Lumps Muff. T. They are crude raw and phlegmatick meat like a Thorne-back half sodden They are best being boiled and pickled like a Sturgian and so eaten cold Jonst They are round as to their description and without scales M. Mackrel Scombrus P. They live in the Ocean and Mediterranian Sea M. They feed neere sandy shores N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Piscis Iberus Macarellus MAckrel Diph. T. It 's a light Fish and quickly descendeth from the stomach Hices It nourisheth much and is of better juyce than the Colias but lesse easily evacuated Arnold But they are rather no wholesome fish being grosse viscous hardly concocted excrementitious and are not therefore to be used except by young strong men and with sauces that may correct their viscous and thick juyce Tral H. they are naught for those that are troubled with the Epilepsy Athen. They are fat but load the stomach and are best broiled Muff. They have a suffocating substance and are offensive to the brain head and breast though pleasant to the taste and acceptable to the stomach yet they cause drousinesse in the best stomachs and apoplexies palsies lethargies or dulnesse of sense and sinewes in them that are weake Tral They hurt those that are phlegmatick or obstructed They are best sod in wine vineger with mints parsly rosemary and time and if after they be kept in pickle made of Rhenish wine ginger pepper and dill they are dainty and wholesome but worst buttered The French lay them upon southernwood and broil them basting them with wine and butter and so serve them in with vineger pepper and butter as hot as may be which lessens their malignity and increaseath their goodnesse V. Aelian Being eaten they help those that are troubled with the liver and jaundise The pickle dropped in warm helps all diseases of the eares Being putrified in vineger they help the suffocation of the womb As for their description it is needlesse they being common Maides Raiolae P. The place of their living and abode is in the Sea M. Of Flesh Livers and Spawns of Fish N. Their names are not much observed Maides Muff. T. Are as little and tender Skates They are very nourishing and of good juyce fit for weak stomachs and those that have through wantonnesse spoiled themselves They are to be boiled in wine water and salt with a sprig of rosemary and then to be eaten with vineger pepper and sweet butter Note these as also the Skate Thornback amongst Fishes bring forth
their young ones without egges after the kind of propagation of beasts Mullet Mullus P. Their abode is in the septentrional Ocean M. Of the Sea Hare or any thing N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Triglis Mulio Barbus marinus Mullet Gal. T. In the goodnesse of their juyce or pleasantnesse of their taste they cannot be compared with the Jack Umber or Sturgian c. Yet others commend them as fit for the stomach of good juyce pleasant taste fleshy hardly corrupted and mean as to excretion Cels These as also Pikes have a midle flesh but most other approved Authors count them hard Psel They are hardly concocted but nourish much Gal. The flesh is the hardest of almost all other Fishes and friable it nourisheth well when concocted so other hard meats and those of thick parts but those that are fat fill presently and destroy the appetite as also the viscous Aet They are good in the collick from cold and pituitous humours as also the Scorpions and Sparrows Diph. The flesh is acceptable to the stomach a little astringent hard styptick if rosted and heavy fried and hardly concocted Muff. The Sea Mullets mugiles mar differ little in Shape from Barbels They are of a light and aerial substance They hinder venery sperm courage and conception but their flesh is wholesome white sweet and tender They are much nourishing being first sodden in wine salt and water and then sowced like a Gurnard or kept in a gelly like a Tench or eaten hot with vineger and pepper Of their egges and bloud with salt is made the Italians Botargo Aldrov Which recovers the appetite causeth thirst and helps the taste of wine V. The ashes of the head with honey help gallings of the fundament that of the ventricle strengthens the stomach and consumes its humidity so dryed in an Oven and washed in white wine and the water of Mints and Wormwood being boiled in wine and taken in vineger it stoppeth vomiting so the intestines the fat being taken off for all fat things laxate the stomach Rond The stones found in their heads help against the Nephritick passion Aet The Mulli are not to be used in the collick from cold and pituitons humours as also in the hemorrhage and hemorrhoids Diph. For they attenuate the bloud yet are astringent if rosted Plin. Diosc H. eaten often they dull the eye-sight They hinder venery and the love of wine Rosted they help the tormina So Marcel and Tral Alex. Ben. They are good in the time of the plague Gariopont They help the Dropsy Marcel The flesh of their heads with honey helps vices of the fundament and the head discusseth carbuncles Diosc Applied fresh they help the bitings of the Sea Dragons Scorpion and Spider as also of the Fork-fish with Laser Jonst They breed thrice in a yeare They hate the Sea Hare Mussels Mytili P. They live in sandy places in England c. M. Their meate is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chamae Arab. Amarchas Mussels Wott T. The least are whitest softest and soonest digested but the greater are of stronger and larger nourishment the red ones are very daingerous the yellow ones are suspected but the white are wholesome and much commended except unto hot and destempered stomachs They are best sodden in the water out of which they were taken else in water and salt and a little strong ale and vineger Boiled Mussels encrease heat and drouth if fryed they easily corrupt in the body and turne to a bad juyce If they are kept in Srt. Goodrons pickle for Oisters made of Sea water Wine Vineger Bayleaves Mints Pepper Ginger and Cinamon they are as wholesome and more pleasant than Oisters Horse mussels are not a wholesome meat Plin. Tasting brackish and strong and having a hidden poyson in their flesh Jonst They loose their virulency being boiled with mustard and cresses The worst are in sandy places Plin. their broth increaseth the body The greater are hard and therefore hardly concocted They beget thick bloud and no good juyce but they nourish much and moove the belly and urine V. In physick they have the same use as the Musculi Diosc Applied they help the bitings of a mad Dog The broth openeth purgeth the reines and lesseneth the bloud and fat therefore they are very good for such as have the dropsy jaundise joynt ach inflations c. And to purge Women The shell is used to take up oile with all like a spoon O. Oister Ostrea P. In the Sea and Rivers about Rocks c. M. Of Sea water Mud and Dew N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ostreum Minsh Gal Huistre OIster Muff. T. They are a common and wholesome meat They differ in colour substance and bignesse but the best are thick little and round shelld not flaggy through abundance of gellied humours but short firme and thick of flesh rising up round like a Womans breast being in a manner all belly and short find of a green colour and listed about as with a purple haire and may therefore be called Calliblephara such are our Walfleet and Colchester Oisters which in good relish substance and wholesomnesse farre exceede those of Vsk Pool Southampton Whitestable and Rye c. Gal. They are somewhat heavy of digestion and engender phlegme but he knew not the goodnesse of our English Oisters which are the second best in the World every man loving them and they offending no indifferent stomach though eaten raw but rather setling a bad appetite confirming a weak stomach and giving good nourishment to decayed members through their own goodnesse or being much desired they were also alwayes counted of light digestion being to be eaten first The fattest are taken in salt waters at the mouths of Rivers but the wholesomest and lightest are the marine upon Shelfs and Rocks which also procure urine and stoole and help the collick and dropsy eaten raw but if sod they bind the belly stop urine and increase the collick They are to be eaten drinking wine or strong and hot beere after them else they concoct hardly Little Oisters are best raw and the great stewed with wine onions pepper and butter or baked with onions pepper and butter or else pickled with white wine vineger their own water bayes Mints and hot spices but they are worst sod except in Sea-water All Oisters are worst when full of milk which is commonly betwixt May and August raw Oisters are best in Winter and cold weather when the stomach is hottest sc from September to April yet the Italians never eate them raw but broile them in their shell with their water the juyce of an Orange Pepper and Oile and so they eate daintily Pickled Oisters may be eaten at all times and to the taste and judgment of some they are more commendable chiefely to cold weake windy and queasy stomachs than any way else prepared Some affirme Oisters may be kept all the yeare in Snow and so be eaten cold in the Summer
and if broiled to be used with the juyce of Oranges Porpaise Phocaena P. Their abiding is in all Seas chiefly neere Creete M. Their meate is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tursio Piscis ater Porcus marinus Porpaise Aldrov Tursions or Sea-hoggs are fatter than Dolphins of wose flesh and of hard concoction Muff. They are of the nature of Swine never good till they are fatt contrary to Tunies which are best leanest It is an unsavory meat engendring many superfluous humours augmenting flegme and troubling an indifferent stomach yet many of the Gentry love it exceedingly baked like Venison Poulp Polypus P. Their abiding place is in the Adriatick Seas M. They live upon the flesh of shelfishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Anosteos Onos Multipes Poulps Muff. T. Are of hard digestion and naught howsoever drest Hippocrates commendeth them to Women in child-bed and Diphilus Aegineta and Aetius saying that they nourish much and excessively provoke lust Being well sodden in salt water and wine with sweet herbs it is dainty and more wholesome than a Mackrel Jonst The head is very sweet the flesh is of a crude juyce They are better boiled than broild V. Applied they stop bleeding Myreps The ashes with that of an olive and an half of vitriol help the polypus They are given to cause conception In white wine they move the menses They mollify the womb and help its dislocation They are somewhat like the Cuttle The males have longest heads They spawn swim obliquely and change their colour Purple Purpura P. They live in the Sea and neere unto the shores M. They feed upon little fishes weeds and mosse N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Roncera Vngella Purple Jonst T. They are of the nature of Shel-fishes containing a salt juyce loosening the belly but they are of a hard juyce Their necks are hardly concocted their extreame parts are acceptable to the stomach If boiled they make thick broth V. Plin. They help against poyson Nic. As doricnium the slime gleweth fresh wounds The ashes of the shells with honey helpe pustules of the privities With roses and cloves they are used in dentifrices with the juyce of licorice seed of poppies cremor of barley and white wine they help the lungs and stop fluxions The powder helps maligne ulcers With honey it attenuats the haire Aetius useth them to cause conception They are about the quantity of an egge R. Roche Rutilus P. Allmost in all Rivers and in the streame M. Of Redworms Cod-wormes Maggots Sheeps bloud c. N. Lentiscus fluviatilis Gall. Rochette Minsh ROche Muff. T. Their flesh is thought to be light sound and wholesome if sodden like a breame They are full of bones which maketh them lesse regarded They are a very healthfull fish and thought uncapable of any disease whence arised The old proverb as sound as a Roche Jonst They are naught in May they may be dressed as the Carp So Gesn Rochet Rubellio Muff. Is redder and lesser than Gurnards and Currs and of the like flesh and goodnesse yet better fried with onions butter and vineger than sodden seething soaking out their best nourishing substance Aldrov They are sweet good of much aliment and midle substance easily concocted and not moving the belly but cause venery and help feavers Ruffs Cernuae P. They live in the Avon c. and Charwel M. Their meat is wormes c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Acerina Plin. Porcellus Porculus Minsh Ruffs Aldrov T. They are sweeter and more wholesome than the greater Perches they may be boiled or fried Gesn The stones in their heads help the stone of the reines and pricking paines of the sides Muff. They are not much unlike to Perches but lesser the best live in sandy places where they grow exceeding fatt and sweet they may be dressed as Perches S. Salmon Salmo P. At Glocester and Worcester and other places M. They feed upon little fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gall. Saulmón Minsh Hisp Salmón SAlmon Aldrov T. Both in taste and tendernesse they are inferiour to no fish either marine flaviatile or lakish Massarius preferreth them before all fishes but they are to be eaten moderately otherwise by reason of their excessive fatnesse they cause surfeits they are best in April and May and when little and those taken in Rivers They are worse at the time of spawning H. They are naught for those that are sick and have weak stomachs for they are viscous hard of concoction as are for the most part all other fishes that leave the Seas to goe into the rivers so Mnesith Plat. They taste well boiled The sides may be pickled and the chine broiled or fried Some reech them Muff. They are of a fatty tender short and sweet flesh quickly filling the stomach and soone glutting If they goe too high into the rivers they wax lean They come in season and goe out with the Buck for towards winter they wax kipper full of kernels under their throat and loose both their rednesse and taste They are best sod in wine vineger and salt or else parboild being cut into pieces stuck full of cloves broild upon a gridiron basted with butter and served in with sauce made of vineger cinamon and sugar If pickled it's like Sturgian When hot it 's counted a leprous meat The Salmon peales or Sea Trouts are a more light wholesome and well tasted meat So the Shuins or Salmunculi Which are to be boiled in wine vineger with salt and sweet herbs They are taken at leapes Scorpion-fish Scorpio P. They wander abroad in the depth of the Sea c. M. They live upon weeds crabs and flesh N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Spinula Rascassa Scorpion-fish Aldrov T. They are not the worst of fishes especially if taken in the winter in stony places the pure Sea Philot. They are of hard flesh Gal. They may be substituted to saxatile fishes but yeeld a dry nourishment and that copious solid of easy concoction and abound not with excrements or cause flatulency if duly ordered Hices It 's better than the Scorpaena being abstersive esily evacuated and of much juyce They are tenderest kept a while and boiled in water with oile and sweet herbs if great else rosted Cato V. The broth looseneth the belly with oile salt and aniseeds Hipp. They help grosse and pituitous diseases as also the Dragon Curre and Gudgin The gall brings forth the menses and secundine Marcel and helps the eyes and the alopecia The stone helps the stone So their ashes Their biting is helped by wormwood sulphur and themselves applied c. Sea-Calfe Phoca P. They live both in the Sea and upon the Land M. Their feeding is upon fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vitulus bos marinus Bocas Sea-Calfe Aldrov T. The flesh is soft spongious and very fatt therefore it quickly satiats and causeth nauseousnesse it 's of an ill juyce ferine taste or smell therefore they are not much
seldome exceed a foot in length and look upwards having a great head like Bulheads Sturgian Sturio P. They live in the Sea and mouths of Rivers M. They feed upon mudde and excrements N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Aquipenser Stora Sturgian Plin. T. It was counted the most noble of all Fishes The female are best when full of spawn and in fresh waters They are of hard flesh being fat and glutinous so are hardly concocted and engender thick juyce therefore they are not good for those that are sick or sickly Albert. The liver is so sweet that without the gall it causeth nauseousnesse Some also salt them They are to be sod in water white wine and vineger with a little salt Their spawn with salt makes Caviare Muff. The Fish is thought by Mr. Cogan to be of hard substance not much better than Bacon or Brawn sc the old but the young is preferred before other Fish therefore Severus had it served up gilded and attended with minstrels and carolling Galen affirmes it to be of sweet delicate and good nourishment Cardanus Compareth it with Veale but it is farr better Some commend the greater as the best and the males living at the mouths of Rivers H. they especially the forepart hurt those that are aguish being fat oily and soon converted into choller They may be rosted if stuck with cloves and eaten with Venison sauce or they may be broiled and basted with oile and vineger after salt but it 's best pickled being eaten with vineger and sweet fennel When cold being boiled as aforesaid they are to be cut into Jouls rands and so Barrelled up with Rhenish wine wine vineger and Sea water for halfe a yeare And then they are a light toothsome and good meate for temperate stomachs It 's best for hot stomachs young men and in the summer time then helping thirst appetite and heate and yeelding temperate and good nourishment V. Plin. The flesh cleareth the voice Diosc And applied salt it draweth out things fastened in the flesh If stamped with Sandaracha it helps phagedens The fomentation with the pickle helps dysenteries drawing fluxions to the outward parts Used in clysters it helps the Sciatica It may be used in putrid ulcers of the mouth Their fat helps kibes Schrod The bones are given in the running gout so For. and discusse colick griefes The rest Pliny affirmeth of the Silurus Jonst As to the description Their body is betwixt round and broad the head pyramidical the mouth without teeth eyes little the belly is smooth and silver coloured tongue thick and hard throat rough two finns before backwards And the taile divided with scales towards the head yet they swimme fastest against the streame Usually they are of a 100. pound weight are most strong in the water breaking great stakes c. T. Tench Tinca P. They live in standing waters amongst reeds M. They feed on the putrefaction of mudd N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tencha Merula lacustris TEnch Aldrov T. Their flesh is not unsweet but it yeeldeth impure and illaudable aliment and often hurtful also Physitians count it feaverish feeding on and living in dirty places and they are hardly concocted and of bad juyce Muff. They are a muddy and slimy fish as appeareth by the touch therefore they are stopping viscous and very unwholsome Gazius counteth a fried tench a secret poyson Therefore Dr. Caius called them good plaisters but bad nourishment V. For being laied to the soles of the feet they often draw away the ague but taken inwardly H. they cause palsies stop the lungs putrify in the stomach cause many diseases being of hard digestion heavy to the stomach and causing apoplexies Yet hot and labouring men may eate them They are best in jelly of strong wine and spices Gesn Ancient Physicians used them to ease the paines of the head and limbs They help the jaundise applied alive to the liver or navil The gall is used with remedies against the paine of the eares helping fluxions and killing wormes Schrod The fish dissected and applied to the pulses and feet cooleth burning feavers and serves to divert pestilent poysons so also in the paines of the head or joynts The ashes help the whites The stone found in the head operats as that of the Carpe Aldrov That of the Sea Tinca marina is not a sweet fish it is soft enough but not friable easily concocted but excrementitious being fried or broiled they are lesse ungrateful to the pallat than when boiled Thornback Raia P. They live and abide in dirty places of the Sea M. They live upon fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Thalis Rubus piscis Rex Papilio Thornback Muff. T. It 's of a pleasant taste but of a stronger smell than Skate and over moist to nourish much yet encreasing lust Hipp. It helps long consumptions The liver is very sweet and of great nourishment as appeares by its taste and consistence The liver is good sodden but the flesh is best broiled after seething to consume the watrishnesse Gal. They are harder more hard of concoction and more nourishment than the Crampfish or Fork-fish If boiled they loosen the belly Yet the Hollanders eate them so with butter vineger and mustard They are best in winter V. Plin. The gall with wine helps the eares also the itch The Stellate Raie is lesse hard and of lesse ill juyce than the Smooth Trout Trutta P. They live not only in the Sea but Rivers M. Of the excrements of the water c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Aurata Variolus Trout Aldrov T. Is equal to any fish that liveth in fresh waters Those of lakes are more fatt than the fluviatile some commend them chiefely in April and May and they are worse in October breeding then They are to be eaten fresh soone putrifying Gesn Their fatt applied with a sponge helps the piles c. Muff. Both the Salmon and gray trouts are very pleasant and good for sound persons but in agues they are not comparable to the Perch they are best if sodden like a Breame and eaten hot for if cold they loose much of their grace and more of their goodnesse Tunie Thunnus P. Their living is in the Mediterranean Sea M. Of Weeds Acorns and Fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cordyla Auxus Pelamides Orcynus Tunie Muff. T. They are best when leanest sc At the fall and dead of Winter When at the best they are unsavory cloying an indifferent stomach and engendring most grosse and superfluous moistures As Porpesses must be baked when new so Tunie is never good till powdered with Salt Vineger Coriander and hot spices They live not above 2. yeares waxing so fat that their bellies breake and of the fat then is made Traine-oile for Clothiers Aldrov They are sweet and hard of concoction Diph. They nourish much Xenoc. Oribas They are unfit for the stomach of evil juyce flatulent hardly evacuated and generate crude humours Myreps They hurt those that have
the gout Tral And the Epileptick Gal. Having a thick and tenacious juyce The lesser are more tender Mnesith They are best rosted their fat being so drawne away Platina seasoneth them with Pepper Cinnamon and Coriander stamped boiled Onions honey and oile Some comend the belly throat head and taile as the best V. Plin. The bloud gall and liver are Psilothrons Gal. Some use the bloud with the juyce of henbane Card. It being cold and grosse The fat helps ulcers The ashes of the head help pustuls of the privities Diosc The old flesh helps the bitings of the Prester drinking much of it and drinking much wine after it Applied it helps the bitings of Dogs Plin. The Cybium stamped helps the toothach purgeth the belly bringeth forth flegme and choller and helps eating and putrifying ulcers Jonst Plin. As for the description they are a slipery Fish having great scales so joyned that they seeme to be without them They live 2. yeares They copulate in February They are swift and sleep in the deep They see best with the right eye V. Umber Vmbra P. They live in sandy places in the salt and fresh water M. They are carnivorous N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vmbrina Ovis Marina Sciadeus UMber Aldrov T. At Rome it 's counted a well tasted noble fish And is best and fattest in the dog-dayes then the head is the best Salv. Being any way seasoned they are sweet if stuck with cloves and rosted being often sprinkled with oile they are more sweet and pleasant Jovius counteth them of the nature of Sturgians They are not so soft as saxatile fishes yet Xenocrates saith they are of good juice easy digestion pleasant taste and not of much nutriment Salv. yet not excrementitious V. Plin. The intestines and scales burnt discusse the panni The stones in the head help the collick Muff. They have a dry and whitish flesh like that of Gray Trouts being of the like substance quality and goodnesse and needing no other preparation The belly is preferred it 's soon concocted spermatogenetick and helps young hot stomachs they weigh 60. pound and swim like a shadow Urchin Echinus P. Their abiding and living is in the Seas M. Their meat is not observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Carduus marinus Piscis spinosus Urchin Jonst T. The ashes of the shells help sordid ulcers if stamped and applied they compresse luxuriant flesh Rond they help running ulcers of the head Aet And abortion Paul Jov. They help the dropping of urine Hipp. Their stones expel the secundine being drunk in sweet wine The ashes with Hoggs fatt or that of Bares helps the alopecia They are so full of prickles that they cannot be held therefore some call them the Sea Thistles Aristotle saith that being cut asunder their parts will joyn againe In tempests they poise themselves with sand W. Whale Cetus P. They live in the large Seas about Greenland c. M. They live upon fishes especially Herrings N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cete Pistrix Bellua marina WHale Aldrov T. Their flesh is the hardest of all fishes difficultly concocted excrementitious of evil juyce as also all other cetacious creatures as Dolphins Sea Calves and great Tunies c. Therefore they are to be eaten salted For being crude they engender abundance of raw humours They are fatt also relaxe the ventricle and cause nausiousnesse The Ichthyophagi made bread of their flesh and houses c. of their bones The flesh is better boild then rosted especially with wine vineger parsly hyssop and organy or onions leeks and anet Muff. The livers of the Balaenae as also of Sturgians and Dolphins smell like violets taste pleasantly salted and competently nourish so Card. yet Galen saith they have an ungratefull and mucous taste and melancholy but the greater are not edible Schrod The stone Manat helps the stone and collick the D. in drach 1. Jonst They generate like quadrupeds and see and heare slowly Whiting Oniscus P. They live in the deepest places of the Sea M. Of fishes which they take by craft N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Albula Mollicula Bacchus Whiting Muff. T. All physitians allow them for a light wholesome and good meat not denying them to sick persons and much commending them to such as are in health they are good sodden with salt and time and their livers are very restorative more than of other fishes They are good also broiled and dried like Stock-fish but are then better to dry up rheume than to nourish Y. Yards Colybdaenae P. They live in the Seas and salt waters M. Their nutriment is shell-fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Mentula marina Cauda marina YArds Gal. T. Are as agreeable to weake stomacks as Crabs Shrimps and Crevises the flesh nourisheth much is light of concoction and increaseth nature Fishes lesse used in Meat or Medicine ALderling Apium Muff. T. The flesh being well sod smelleth like wild parsley and is of indifferent good nourishment and provoketh urine they are betwixt a Trout and a Grayling and lie ever in deep water under some old and great Alder. Black-taile Melanurus Athen. T. Was counted a poore fish Hipp. And is bad for the 3d. kind of tabes Yet Xenocrates saith it's good for the stomach of good juyce easily digested nourishing much and not difficultly evacuated Diphilus makes them equal to the Guilt-head if living in petrose places They may be broiled or fried Kiran. If broiled they sharpen the sight the broth helps the collick Cod-fish Piscis Capellanus Asellus medius Muff. T. Is of a tender flesh but not so dry and firme as the whiting and is a great Sea whiting called also a Keeling or Melwel They have a bladder in them full of spawn which the northern people call the Kelk and count dainty They have also a glewish substance at the end of their stomach called a sowne more pleasant than good the toughest Fish-glew being made thereof When fresh the head lips and pallat are best being light though slimy Haberdine Muff. Asellus Islandicus T. Is an Island Cod bigger somewhat than ours and firmer Haddocks Aselluli Muff. T. Are little Cods of light substance crumbling flesh and good nourishment in the summer time especially when Venison is in season Hakes Aselluli longi Muff. T. are of the same nature resembling a Cod in taste but a Ling in likenesse Harp-fish Lyra. Rond T. Hath a hard and dry flesh yet sweet enough if eaten boiled with vineger Salv. They may be fried and eaten with the juyce of an Orang but they are better boiled Ling. Asellus Muff. T. is counted the beefe of the Sea and nothing else but a long Cod wherefore the greater are called Organe Ling and the other Cod Ling whilest new it 's called Green-fish and Ling when salted called so by lying being the better if in pease-straw They are taken in the farre Northern Seas but Cod Ling neere Bedwell in Northumberland shire Liver-fish Hepatus Gal. T.
insipid that it 's counted the worst of Fishes neither can it be made well tasted by any cookery yet torrefied it's more pleasant but it 's used when there are no other Fishes so Salv. Blatta Bizantina Vnguis odoratus Schrod T. The shell smelleth like castoreum V. Used inwardly it looseneth the belly softeneth the spleen and discusseth vitious humours outwardly suffumigated it helps the strangulation of the womb and Epilepsy and worketh the same effects as others shells Concha Jonst T. The flesh is often eaten crude or broiled by the Indians the shells serve for many purposes Schrod They dry provoke sweat and cleanse c. Therefore they are used inwardly in feavers outwardly they are used in dentifrices abstersorie and the piles hereof is made Crollius his antefebrile which provoketh sweat abundantly given before the fit especially against tertians if iterated the D. is Scrup. 1. sem to drach 1. It may be givē in a warm draught of beere with a little butter The flesh helps quartans Cannes Bell. T. Hath a tender flesh but harder than the Perch so Diph. Therefore it 's of good juyce and not uneasily concocted it 's insipid Salv. And therefore slighted It may be dressed as the Perch and other Saxatile fishes Xenoc. When fryed they are pleasant but hurtful to the stomach Chromis Rond T. It 's a pitiful Fish yet that of Bellonius is good And Hicesius reckoneth them so Cantharus Xenoc. T. Is pleasant of good juyce nourishing much and being easily digested loosening the belly but this rather agreeth to the Fish Citharus Rond This being too soft moist and bad If boiled it looseneth the belly If fryed or sod with Saffron Cinnamon Pepper Ginger Onions and Oile or dryed it's better Citharus Gal. T. Is of a meane flesh Xenoc. ungrateful to the stomach engendring bad juyce and not easily corrupted It 's good broiled Corax Athen. T. Hath a hard flesh but not contemptible Catulus Aldrov T. The flesh is hard viscid and virulent the greatest are best Centrina Aldrov T. Hath a nervous flesh viscous and glutinous unsweet and rank So it 's hardly concocted and of bad juyce the liver is tender but unpleasant yeelding an oile when fryed V. This mollifieth the liver Rond And strengthneth it especially with astringents And helps arthritick paine Applied with honey it helps suffusions The skinne serves to polish withall The ashes cleanse and dry running ulcers of the head and provoke urine Caper Salv. T. Hath a hard and unpleasant flesh and is more hardly concocted than the Citharus Conchylium Jonst T. V. All the parts are used in Medicine Burnt it 's of the same effect as the Purple and Buccinum Gal. The flesh with other things helps the eares Chama Jonst T. The flesh is hard Diph. But it causeth copious and good juyce Dentalium and Entalium Schrod T. V. Both are as yet but little used and not but in the Citrine ointment but it 's probable they may be used in the like cases as other shell-fishes Faber Rond T. Hath a lesse hard flesh than the Turbot Salvian counteth it tender enough and friable easily concocted and of good juyce enough therefore they are reckoned amongst wholesome Fishes also sweet and noble Fish Salv. They are to be fryed and irrorated with the juyce of Oranges or boiled in water and a like quantity of wine with oile salt sweet herbs and spices Farra Aldrov T. Hath a white and sweet flesh not inferiour to that of Trouts Gobergus Aldrov T. Hath a harder flesh than the Fish Afinus and lesse glutinous than molva if steeped in water or beaten they are eaten by poor rusticks Glaucus T. Arist they are always a like good The head is the best Mnesith They are hardly concocted and after yeeld much aliment Trall They help the collick Gal. And those that are stomachick V. Plin. Taken in broth they cause milk and the liver helps warts Huso Ichthiocolla Schrod T. The glue dryeth filleth and a little softeneth It 's used in gellies boiled with white Sugar it becommeth white and is called mouth glew It 's made by boiling the dissected parts in warm water to the consistence of a poultise Albert The flesh of Huso in the back tasts like Veale the belly like Porck and when fresh is very sweet The egges serve to make Caviare of Ichthiocolla Rond T. Is sweet and glutinous Plin. It helpeth night Wheales and smootheth the skinne Drunk it helps the Lethargy It serves to glew instruments withall Hippurus Aldrov T. Hath a sweet fat and hard flesh Julis Gal. T. Is a saxatile Fish having a tender and friable flesh as the rest and fit for sick persons They may be fryed or sod in white broth V. Diosc The broth looseneth the belly Plin. And provoketh urine so that of all Fishes Lupus Aldrov T. The Ancients placed them next the Sturgian Rond The liver broiled and seasoned with the juyce of Oranges is most delicate the best are taken in the Sea Xenoc. The best is the middle sized being tender of good juyce sweet pleasant to the stomach nourishing much of easy distribution and soone evacuated They are good boiled any may or in white broth with spices they cause venery V. Marcel Applied they help hard swellings The stones in their heads help the hemicrania and nephritis The gall applied with honey sharpens the sight and helps their spots The spawn helps the stomach Lavaretus Aldrov T. The flesh is white soft sweet not glutinous of good juyce and of mean nourishment Loligo Jonst T. is edible both broiled and rosted V. Gal. They help those that are stomachick Marcel Broiled they help the tormina Lepus marinus or Sea Hare Jonst T. V. They are reckoned amongst the Psilothrons Archig The bloud applied with wool helps the Aegylops Plin. The bloud used warm and fresh helps the gout The antidote is black Hellebore Asses milk and the decoction of mallows Mormyrus Athen. T. nourisheth much yet Salvian and Rondeletius deny it having a soft flesh very moist lutulent and insipid they are good with vineger and oile being broiled Membras Aldrov T. yeelds a moist and flatulent aliment Molva Rond T. They are better when fresh than when salted or dryed Their flesh being then glutinous the thin humour being then evacuated Some make the Fish glew of the intestines hereof Murex Xenoc. T. If salted they are virouse trouble the belly provoke urine are unpleasant hardly concocted and cause phlegme Yet Celsus and Scribonius Largus count them acceptable to the stomach V. The flesh applied helps haires on the Dugs the ashes of the shells with oile help tumours With honey they help ulcers of the head cleanse spots in the face help swellings behind the eares and are used in dentifrices Marcel They help carbuncles in the privities Musculus Jonst T. The marine yeeld good nourishment those in sweet water have hard flesh and are hardly concocted and of bad juyce V. They provoke urine The marine
with oile help tumours and paines of the ankles Gesn The aquatile help wests in the eyes of cattle sc The ashes with ginger and vitriol Nasus Aldrov T. The flesh is white and loose and full of little bones They are best in the spring broiled rather than boiled Orphus Athen. T. They are of good and much juyce glutinous hardly corrupted nourishing much and provoking urine The parts about the head are glutinous and easily concocted but the carnose are hardly concocted and more heavy yet the taile is more tender Trál They help bilious paines of the eyes also the collick and diabates Orphidion Rond T. The flesh is white and hard like that of the Dragon and with rue helps the incontinency of urine Pagrus Sym. Seth. T. Is hardly concocted and causeth phlegme Hicef They are sweet astringent sufficiently nutritive and hardly evacuated but the carnose more terrene and lesse fat are more nutritive Pigus Aldrov T. In taste and juyce they are like the Carp Rond But somewhat better Salv. The flesh is tender and sapid it 's best in the beginning of summer Pinna Nakre Jonst T. V. They provoke urine and are difficultly concocted and distributed Wott They are best when tender full and carnose young and in the summer The Mean have a soft white and sweet flesh in wine they are flatulent Pompilus Aldrov T. Is thought to have the same use in meat as the Tunie Scarus Aldrov T. Is of a soft and friable flesh yet Celsus counteth it hard Trallianus commendeth it in the Epilepsy and Aetius in the collick Gal. V. The gall helps suffusions of the eyes so the liver eaten and the Parotides Sphyraena Rond T. Is white sweet hard and dry yet some what friable and like the flesh of Asellus Sargus Epicharm T. They are sapid and pleasant of good juyce easily digested nourishing much They are good broiled with cheese and vineger Gariopont They help the Dropsy The teeth help the toothach Sparus Diph. T. Is sharp of tender flesh acceptable to the stomach diuretick and not hardly concocted except fryed Salv. It 's of a midle flesh Scorpaena Aldrov T. That living in pure water is not unpleasant they may be eaten fryed Smaris Hesyc They are very good Fishes Aeg. V. The head helps the Alopecia Diosc The ashes help ulcers of the mouth and corns the flesh helps bitings of Scorpions and Dogges With Ptisan they cause milk in nurses Applied they help warts and pustuls of the privities Saurus Philot. T. Hath soft flesh Gal. or mean and sweet It may be eaten broiled or boiled Scolopax Aldrov T. Is of good juyce and easy concoction like the Fish Pagrus Salmerinus Aldrov T. Is tender fat quickly putrifying not viscid but friable and of good juyce easily concocted Sarachus Salv. T. Is a good Fish not easily concocted of thickish juyce and meanly nutritive Their oile serves for Lamps Solen Jonst T. The flesh is sweet they may be eaten fryed or boiled Trochi Jonst T. eaten crude with onions they cause appetite Umbla Aldrov T. Is sweet dry and hard when old They are best about November and December their egges being then good and solid Zygaena Aldrov T. Hath a hard and unpleasant flesh Aeg. Mucous excrementitious and of ill juyce Pholas Jonst T. V. Athen. They are pleasant to the pallate but of evil juyce and virouse They live in hollow places and so amongst stones that they can hardly be perceived and are then nourished by the water through a narrough passage As for their description they consist of two shells which are long and roundish Their flesh within is almost like that of Mussels They are generated by the appulse of the Sea water in the hollownesse of stones and are so turned into shel-fishes and retaine the figure of their cabbins Lepas seu Patella Jonst T. V. They are eaten raw by fisher men if boiled they are more easily concocted especially if not boiled too much The broth looseneth the belly They are used also to catch Fish withall a superstitious example whereof may be seene in the fore mentioned authour As for their description they stick unto stones their mouth is towards the earth and the passage for evacuation of their excrements is upwards Their shells are of an ash colour they have hornes like a Snaile as also a head and mouth like thereunto They are great or little as to their differences Tajasica Marcg T. V. Being boiled and rosted it tasteth well and is of a very white and friable flesh Paru T. V. Jonst Is edible so Pira Acangata Acarauna Pranema Acarapucu Pudiano vermetho Pudiano verde Juruucupeba Jaguaruca Carauna Cururuca Guatacuba Juba Pira Jurumenbeca Tamoata Acara Pinima Uubarana Capeuna Acarapitamba Jaguacaguare Tareira d'Alto Tareira de Rio Piratiapia Ceixupira Piquitinga Guaracapema Miivipera Guaibi Coara Guaperua Piraqu Pirhanha Amore Guacu Guacari Pirambu Acaraia Acara Guaru-Guaru Cucupu-Guacu Maturaque Carapo Piaba Piabucu Nhaquunda Amore Pixuma Amore Tinga Guara Tereba Piacoaba Corocoro Guatucusa Uribaco Camaripuguacu Piratia Pua Curema Aramaca which are scaled and edible The smooth are Petimbuaba Nhambdia Curuata Pinima Mucu Abacatuaia Timucu Guebucu Bagre Jabebirete Niqui Those that are not altogether smooth and edible are Guamaiacu Attinga Narinari Tiburonis as also Pisces Anthropomorphos Axototl Michipillin Amilotl These are the useful more strange exotick Fishes used in meat but as to Medicine very little or nothing is mentioned as to their use Zoophyts or Plantanimals JOnst They are called Vrticae T. Which are edible yet were formerly forbid by Pythagoras to his Schollers they provoking venery Aristotle commends them much after the Hiemall Equinoctiall now they are usually put upon a spit and so rosted being made warme in water salt then they sprinkle them with meal and fry them with butter and oile according to Xenocrates they are pleasant to the mouth but ungrateful to the stomach but Diphilus saith they are eustomachick but preferreth the rosted before those that are boiled They loosen the belly and provoke urine more With mulse wine they are easily concocted and evacuated V. As for Medicine some say that being drunk in wine they help those that are troubled with the stone Gal. Jonst With vineger of squils they are a Psilothron As for their general description they have a mouth in the midst of them which is more visible in those that are greater so Aristot. They have no excrements in them and herein they are like roots They live and are generated in diverse places Some of them alwayes stick unto stones others that are more perfect and loose delight in the shores and plaine places They live upon fishes and flesh which they often take They are generated as shellfishes They catch fishes by contracting themselves and when before them extending themselves and so holding them as in reeds In the night they seek shel-fishes When they are touched they contract themselves and send forth a
greate heate Pulmo marinus T. Is of the like nature c. The decoction of which is commended by Physitians V. They serve as a Psilothron the pouder applied mightily purgeth fluxes Boiled in water it helps the stone A stick rubbed therewith will seeme to burne In the Sea they are full of water and out of it are empty They remaine amongst stones and reeds Tethyia T. If red is edible the pale and subluteous are bitterish Xenoc. They yeeld much nourishment V. They help the tormina and inflations tenesmus and vices of the reines eaten they ease the paines of the sides They help the sciatica and superior venter with rue and the cachexie with rue and honey They are in the Ocean neere France amongst the Sea Mosse and Sea Herbs their covering is betwixt a crust and a skinne they stick unto stones and are without excrements There are others mentioned by Jonston as the malum granatum fungus marinus pyrum penna marina cucumer marinus malum insanum manus marina uva marina which are of little or no use OPHIOLOGIA Of Serpents A. Adder Coluber P. In Hedges Brakes and Ditches and other places M. They live upon Mice and Frogges c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Colubra Gall. Colenure Ital. Scorsoni Hisp. Culebra ADder Tops T. They are hotter that Snakes and therefore live more in the shadowes V. Plin. The water wherein they have been preserved alive helps against the poyson of a Toad Also they or Vipers being put into a pot with the Scrapings of vines and so burnt to ashes help Wens or the Kings evil Pliny affirmeth also that the fat or gall preserveth from the Crocodile H. As for their biting it is very daingerous presently causing swounings tumours and mutation of colour these are the signes R. But the remedie is white wine aqua vitae Triacle and Mithridate with scarrification Their description is needlesse they being well known They lie round and cast their skinne by sliding through a narrow passage after fasting They lay down their poyson when drinking Ammodyte Ammodytes P. In Lybia Italy and Illyria in the Sand. M. Their meate is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ammodyta Centrites Centria Monoceros Ammodyte Matth. T. They are very venimous and their harmes not inferiour to the stinging and poyson of Aspes some dying thereof within three houres after the wound received else quickly after the bloud issueth forth abundantly and the wound swelleth afterwards all is turned into matter and then followeth dulnesse in the head and distraction in the mind they never live above 7. dayes so Jonst. and those dye first that are hurt by the female they by their biting infusing a vehement paine which causeth swelling and therfore to runne thus for the signes Aet The remedy is Triacle drunk and applied and attractive plaisters with scarrification binding the upper parts hard and launcing the sore drinking water with rungwort gourds castorium and cassia Avic Also Cinamon the root of Centory hartwort and the â—uyce of the root of gentian also a plaister of hony sod and dryed to pounded with the roots of Pomegranats Centory the seed of Flax and Lettuce and wild Rue As for the description they have a hard wart like a borne upon the upper chap the head is longer and greater than the Vipers and the chaps wider yet they may be termed a kind of Vipers They are very fierce of a cubits length with diverse black spots on the skinne and small lines on the back Aspe Aspis P. In Afrike and Spaine in dry places M. Their meate is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sacer Coluber Propert. Hypnalis Aspe Mercur. T. V. They are not used in Medicine By reason of their poyson The Femals bite with 4. teeth and the Males with two infusing their poyson The Ptyas kills by spitting smell or touch the wound is hardly discovered the poyson piercing inwardly and the pricks not being much greater than the prickings of a needle without all swelling and a very little bloud issueth forth and that black afterwards the eyes grow dark and heavy with paine all over the body yet with some sence of pleasure the colour groweth green the fore head wrinkled with stupidity gaping and the convulsion Those that are hurt by the Ptyas have blindnesse paine in the heart deafenesse and swelling of the face The hurt of the Chalidonian Aspe is known by the often beating of the pulse frigidity paine in the stomach deep sleep and vomiting These are the signes so theirs is the worst of all poysons death presently following The cure is by incision cauteries cupping glasses and cocks rumps applied also by dilatation scarrification Mercur and rue c. and against the congelation Mithridate Triacle and Aqua vitae with fomentation friction and exercise but when the wound groweth purple green or black shewing extinction and suffocation the part is to be cut off after cupping glasses and scarrification applying centorie myrrhe and opium or sorrel plaisterwise with motion and fomentation with Sea-water or yew leaves with butter and a plaister of branne Vomiting also is good drinking juyce of yew with Triacle or Wine Garlick Opopanax Organic bearded Thapsia Gilliflowers red Violets and avens boiled in Wine vineger Using unc 3. at a time So Par. Aet Also a good draught of the sharpest vineger Some use Garlick and stale Ale or Aniseeds Some use Hartwort Parsly-seed and Wine or Aron drunk with Oile of Bayes in black Wine the stomach may be helped by the fruit of Balsam the powder of Gentian or juyce of Mints so Castorium with Lignum cassiae and the skinne of a Storks maw or cimices also Citrons Egyptian Periwinkle drunk in Vineger red Corall in wine henbane bitter hoppes and the urine of a man or Tortise Matth. Diosc So the quintessence of Aqua vitae As for the description they are like Land Snakes but broder in the back Their eyes are in their temples Their teeth are long full of holes which are covered with a skinne that slideth up when they bite and letteth out the poyson Their skales are hard dry and red The Ptyas is about 2. cubits long the Chersen of the earth five The Chelidonian one and the shortest killeth soonest The last resembleth the Swallow and liveth in the water The Ptyas is of an ash colour flaming like gold and greenish The Chersen is green Their voice is hissing like all other Serpents They live as it were in marriage revenge injuries and are enemies to the Ichneumon B. Boas Boa P. They have been taken in Senega and Italy M. They live upon Cows milk and Cattle N. Bova Anguis Caprimulgus Ital. Serpeda de aqua BOas Fest T. V. The poyson causeth tumours and swellings in the body As for the description they goe upon their belly and grow to be above an 100. foot long and kill not cattle till they are dry and then they eate them destroying whole heards
to the place made of vine-leaves and honey or the leaves of purslain and barley meale eating much garlick with oile to cause vomiting and drinking wine alayed with water Then let the wound be washed with cold water and the bladder be fomented with hot spunges Some cure it as that of the Viper also by the eating of hard eggs with salt fish as also the seed of radishes juyce of poppy lilly roots daffodil rue trefoile Cassia opopanax and cinamon drunk As for the description they are of a sandy colour a foot long having a small taile flaming eyes and small head with the appearance of horns They goe straight slowly and halting Their skales are rough and sharp therefore they make a noise when they goe Their bodies are spotted with black all over Horned Serpent Cerastes P. They live in the Lybian sandy Seas M. They live upon birds which they catch by craft N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Arab. Cerust Heb. Schephiphon Horned Serpents Tops T. They are immoderately dry and therefore their poyson is most pernicious causing death if it be not holpen within nine dayes And at first about the wound there groweth hardnesse and then pustules lastly black earthy and pale matter The genital standeth out straight the patient falleth mad his eyes grow dimme and nerves immanuable on the head of the wound groweth a scab and there is continual pricking as with needles thus of the signes and symptomes The cure is by cutting the flesh unto the bone or dismembring Applying Goats dung fod with vineger or garlick and vineger and barly meale or the juyce of cedar rue or nep with salt and honey or pitch and barly meale c. And inwardly with daffodil and rue drunk radish seed Indian cummin with wine castoreum calamint with emeticks As for the description they are two cubits long of a sandy colour with two hornes teeth like a Viper a gristle for a back-bone L. Lizard Lacerta P. They live almost every where in the fields M. Of grashoppers snailes and bees c. N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Letaah Ch. Haltetha Arab. Aâ—aia LIzard Tops T. Their flesh eaten causeth inflammation and apostemation head-ach and blindness sc of those in Italy The eggs kill speedily except helped by Falcons dung and wine When they bite they leave their teeth in the place which continually aketh until taken out The cure is by sucking the place then putting in cold water and afterwards making a plaister of oile and ashes V. The medicines of the flesh are the same as of the Crocodile and the flesh very hot therefore it maketh fatt The Henns being eaten that are fed with their fatt mixed with wheate meale halinitre and cumin Card. The same given to Hawkes causeth them to change their feathers Being dissected or the head beaten with salt draweth out nailes or splents With oile it causeth haire to grow upon the head Dissected and applied hot they cure the stingings of Scorpions and Wenns Formerly they used dry Lizards bruised to draw out teeth without paine And sod and stamped with meale or frankincense they applied them to the forehead to cure watering eyes The same burned to powder and mixed with cretick honey to an ointment cureth blindnesse Their oile put into the care helpeth deafenesse and driveth out worms The bloud anointed fasting keepeth children from swelling in the belly and leggs Also the liver and bloud wrapped up in wool draw nailes and thornes out of the flesh and cure freckles The urine if there be any helpeth the rupture in infants The bones taken out of the Lizards head scarify the teeth and the braine helps suffusions The liver laied to the gumbs or hollow teeth helps their paine The dung purgeth wounds and taketh away the whitenesse and itching of the eyes and sharpeneth the sight the same with water is used for a salve Arnold The dung with meale the black being cast away so dryed in a furnace and softned with the water of nitre and froth of the Sea afterwards applied to the eyes in a cloth helps the former evils The green Lizards living in meadows and green fields in Italy loving to Men and enemies to Serpents T. V. Are very useful the skin hanged upon trees and the gall used to the apples keepe them from rotting and drive away catterpillers The flesh eaten helps those that have the sciatica They are given to Hawkes without their touching them a hath thereof causeth a Hawke to cast her old feathers Eaten with sauces they help the falling evil If sod with wine to a third part and a spoonful taken every day they help diseases in the lungs It also helpeth the loines and may be prepared for the eyes Brasavolus his oile hereof helpeth the face and broken pasterns of a Horse with a little vineger The ashes reduce skars in the body to their own colour The bones cleansed by inclosing them in a vessel of salt help the falling evil The bloud applied in flocks of wool cures the beatings bruizings and thick skins in the feet of Men and Beasts The eye is superstitiously used against quartans and paine in the eyes so the bloud of the eyes taken in purple wool The heart helps exulcerations of the kings evil The gall takes away the haire of the eye lids They need not be described being known M. Myllet Cenchru P. They live in Lemnus and Samothracia c. M. Their meat is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cenchrines Milliaris Famusus MYllet or Cenchrine Tops T. They are very hot and therefore venimous in the second degree Therefore putrifaction and rottennesse follow their biting as also more deadly unresistable evils as drousinesse sleepinesse the lethargy paine in the belly especially the collick paine in the liver and stomach killing in two dayes if it be not remedied The cure is like that of the Vipers biting or take the seed of lettuce flax-seed savory stamped wild rue wild bettony and daffodil drach 2. in three cups of wine drinking also after it drach 2. of the root of centaury or hartwort nosewort gentian or sesamine As for their description they are spotted like millet seed about two cubits in length attenuated towards the taile the colour is darke like the Millet and is then most ireful when this herb is highest They goe straight therefore are avoided by winding too and fro They are very daingerous and strong and beate the Body with the taile whilest they suck the bloud N. Neute Lacerta P. They live in ditches and hedges and the like places M. Their meat is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lacerta aquatica NEute or water-lizard Tops T. Some apothecaries use them in steed of Scinks or Crocodiles of the earth but they are deceived deceive others in their vertues operation not having wholesome properties They need no description being well known If taken they shut the mouth they are bred in fatt waters and soiles Their eggs
rosting helps fistula's in their hoofes Albert. The flesh of the speckled Serpent makes Hawkes cast their feathers Gal. The cast skinne of Serpents with Sea water helps bloud shotten eyes The ashes thereof with oile of roses dropt into the eares help all soares thereof or stench adding vineger if they are mattery Some adde Bulls gall and the flesh of Tortises boiled Marcel or the gall of a Calf Diosc Gal. If boiled in wine it cureth the tooth-ach fomented or the ashes put in with oile Archig The skin applied not burnt will make the teeth fall out It cureth the phthiriasis Gal. and the collick sc the ashes applied with oile With the oile of roses it helps the bloudy flux and tenesmus Arnoldus useth the fume thereof with opopanax myrrhe galbanum castoreum sulphur Madder Pidgeons or Hawkes dung and Cows gall to bring forth the birth Cardan useth it to cause elequence c. Serpents may be driven away by the fume of hornes hoofes bay-leaves bitumen castoreum galbanum propolis opopanax sagapenum panax fleabane melanthium all stinking things as feathers and haire c. also wormwood and the water wherein sal ammoniacum hath been dissolved sprinkled about or lime and garlick The cure of the poyson is by attractives scarrification cupping glasses ligature vomits triacle mugwort balme Also Pidgions dissected and applied and young things sc their fundament Cauteries Goats milk drunk fomented new Hoggs dung nitre mustard-seed Epigonus his plaister Fumanel's oile Oile of Scorpions quicklime with honey and oile black hellebore garlick sowthernwood coleworts onions figgs barley meale birthwort rocket horehound organy basil leekes rue scabious Inwardly mithridate triacle Galens zopyria Mathiolus his Q. bettony rhubarb agarick and garlick if within They are generated of earth and water and are full of enmity Slow-worme Caecilia P. They live in Greece and England in fields M. Their meat is not much observed N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Cophia Cerula Caecula Surdaster Slow-wormes Tops T. Their poyson is very strong If their wound swelleth it may be pricked with a brazen bodkin and then apply fullers earth and vineger for cure Oswald Some make a triacle of this Serpent which smelleth like aqua vitae which some use against the plague Their description is needlesse they breed young ones in their bowels They come out of the earth in July and goe in in August They are called blind worms also and hurt not if not provoked Snake Anguis P. In Naples England and all over the fenns M. of froggs leeches newts and fishes N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chersydrus That of the water Enhydris Snake Toppss T. That of the water hath a fiery poyson which presently is dispersed over the whole body and when it cometh to the heart the man presently falleth down dead Therefore it is best if the foot be bitten to hang a man up by the heeles or presently to cut off the part The same may be said of the land Snake Their venome is not inferiour to that of other Serpents When they bite there followeth great paine inflammation greennesse or blacknesse of the wound dizzinesse in the head and death within three dayes The cure is by organy stamped and applied with lye and oile or ashes of the root of an Oake with pitch or barley meale mixed with honey and water and sod at the fire And in drink use wild nosewort daffodil flowers and fennel seed in wine V. The liver of a snake is said to breake the stone in the bladder The flesh applied helps the wound Their old skinne as also of the Adder rubbed on the eyes helps the sight if boiled in wine when old it helps the paine of the eares so with tops of poppies dropped in As for their stone called Serpentinus see my Pammineralogy They lay eggs about the bignesse of a bulleis V. Viper Vipera P. They live in Arabia Africa Europe and Asia M. Of herbs horse-flies cantharides and pithiocamps N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Aphgnath Arab. Thiron 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 VIper T. Their flesh is hot dry purgeth the whole body by sweat also being eaten or drunk it helps the leprosy so that of Tyrus their heads tailes being cut off so their wine and broth eating halfe a Viper at once and fasting six houres after Mus if eaten they cure ulcers Porphyr It cleareth the eyes helps the sinews and represseth swellings The ashes of their heads beaten together with the grossest decoction of bitter lupines used to the temples as an ointment stop rheums of the eyes the same alone help dim eyes The head burned dipped in vineger helpeth wild-fire The gall cleanseth the eye so the fatt with rosin attick honey and old oile The slough helps the ringworm the powder thereof causeth the haire to grow The powder of the whole drunk helps the gout swelling in the neck the oile wherein they are sodden helps joynt-aches their liquour helps the palsey The male maketh but two holes when he biteth but the female maketh four these more deadly There poyson killeth within three dayes at the furthest The signs and effects of their bitings are first rotten matter bloudy or fatt swelling of the flesh round about blisters on the flesh as if it were scorched after which followeth putrifaction and death The paine is universal as if the body were set on fire with turning of the neck twinkling of the eyes darknesse heavinesse of the head weakenesse of the loines thirst frezing at the fingers ends cold sweat vomiting colour changeable bloudy gumms inflammation of the liver sleepiness trembling dysury feavers neezing and the asthma so Aet Aeg. and Grevin The cure is as in the bitings of other Serpents Preventing spreading by extraction ligature or section Else the poyson may be sucked out applying Hens cut a sunder with scarrification bathing with Sea water or milk and eating old butter using cuppinglasses and a plaister of garlick sharp onions and triacle drinking triacle wine and garlick broth and the juyce of yew leaves The matter is drawn out by Goats dung powder of laurel and euphorbium in wine and after with unc 2. of long birth-worth unc 1. of daffodil and briony of galbanum and myrrh an unc 1. with a sufficient quantity of oile of bayes and wax used twice a day Pareus used triacle with aqua-vitae and mithridate and also ligature ENTOMOLOGIA Of Insects B. Bee Apis. P. Almost every where in England and other places M. Of honey flowers trees and sweet herbs N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Mellis mater Varr. Solisequa BEes Aldrov T. V. Those of Cumane feed hereon Their ashes with Rats dung and oile of roses cause the haire to grow speedily so also the ashes of walnut barke chestnuts beanes and of the fruit of the date tree Honey T. is hot and dry 2° of thin parts cleansing with a little acrimony therefore it mooveth the belly and provoketh urine Therefore in hot bodies it 's
henbane misseltoe chameleon hemlock sea hare juyce of carpathum dorychnium or pharicum or curdling being used fresh Crabfishes being poudered and drunk in water or the ashes help against all poyson especially against the wounds of Scorpions being taken in Asses milk Goats or any other with wine As also ruptures and convulsions It whiteneth the skin in women therefore it was used by Poppea the wife of Domitius Nero for that purpose who kept many Asses for that use it extending the skinn making it tender and removing wrinkles The urine of an Asse helps gallings by the shooe the itch and scabbed nailes As also the leprosie and scales or scurse about the rising of the Dog starre so Plin. Diosc Being drunk it helps those that are nephritick Plin. The same with S. Katharines flower helpeth all violences and suppurations as also swellings and impostumes It helpeth earing and moist ulcers The urine of a young Asse applied with spicknard helpeth blasting The same thickneth the haire Marcel It helpeth cornes and brawny flesh Plin. The fresh dung of an Asse being dropped into the ears with the oile of roses luke warme helpeth the dulnesse of hearing Marcel The juyce thereof with squills pounded and as much cows fat being applied as a cerot helps ulcers of the head that quickly do arise Diosc Both the dung of Asses and Horses whether crude or burned with vineger helpeth eruptions of bloud Plin. So if applied dry to the nostrils or any other part if fresh Rhas So the juyce with wine applied with cotton A plaister thereof applyed to the forehead helpeth fluxions Diosc Their dry dung when at grasse dissolved in wine and drunk helpeth against the bitings of the Scorpion Plin. The ashes of the dung drunk in wine helpe the coeliack and those troubled with the dysentery And if of one newly brought forth being given with mulled vineger it helps the vices of the spleen also The decoction mightily helpeth the colon The quantity of a bean being taken in wine helpeth the jaundise in three daies so also that of a young colt The ashes of an Asses dung applied with butter helpeth the eruptions of phlegme The membrane of the yong especially if a male being smelled to helpeth the falling sicknesse Plin. The wild Asse T. is of worse nourishment than the common Gal. The flesh is like that of the hart bull or sheep causing an evil juyce and being hardly concocted Plin. V. The milk and bones are more effectual against poysons The stone which ariseth out of the urine when killed helpeth impostumes The same being worne by women helps suppurations The gall doth asswage the signes of abscesses being applied Also it is mixed with plaisters against S. Anthonies fire which it is affirmed to cure especially it cureth the elephantiasis and varices The fat with oile of costus helpeth the paine of the reines and back which are caused by thick humours And the spots of the skinne so Avic The flesh helpeth against the paine of the back bone and hipps so Rhas Avic The flesh applied with oile sc that of the back helpeth aking parts so Avic Gal. Avic The urine breaketh the stone in the bladder Vincent Bell. The ashes of the hoofes burned help the falling sicknes therefore mixed with oile it dissolveth botches and the alopecia in cataplasmes Rhas The marrow annointed cureth the gout and easeth the paine The dung mixed with the yolk of an egge and applied to the forehead stoppeth the fluxe of bloud and with a Bulls gall curleth the hair Being drunk when dry with wine it is very effectual against the hurt of Scorpions Gal. Aldrovand The flesh of Asses being eaten doth infatuate making the eater like both in body and minde all meats altering the temperature and nature and the manners naturally following the temperature of the body As for medicine there is scarce any other creature yeeldeth more remedies The milk sucked out of the teats helps the tabes Aelian The flesh helpeth the tabes Marcel The hoofes serve to catch fish with Apollon The urine of an Asse helpeth the luxation of the uvula and the quinsey being given very hot Tarentin The dung of an Asse with the juyce of Coriander and fine flower made into a past is very good to catch Ruffes and Perches with Aldrovand Aelian The flesh of the wild Asse is bitter Scalig. The flesh when boiled continueth long hot and stinketh and being cold neither stinketh or tasteth well Pol. They are taken by hunting on horseback till tired Jonst Hart. in Prax. The bloud used behind the ears is very good against the mania a clean linnen cloath being dipped into the same and dried is used a part thereof being steeped in spring water The same Aelian affirmeth of the flesh The lichen burned powdered and applied with old oile is so strong in the producing of haire that it will cause it even on the chinns of women Savon The urine helpeth the stench of the nostrils The Asse also is used to carry burdens to plow c. The shanks serve to make pipes of And the chalked skinne for a palimpsestus serving in stead of a table book of the haire the Arabians make a certain cloth As for their differences and kinds some are great some little some swift and some slow c. They are all libidinous and bear hatred to the bird called aegithus usually pecking the gald places of their backs as also to the siâ—ken and to hemlock amongst plants They have a sympathy with the Scorpion and vine and live usually 30. years Their noise is unpleasant called braying Their diseases are catarrhes and the boulimie they fear the water yet are very thirsty Their generation is like that of the horse There are diverse other things concerning their moral divine use c. which may be seen in Gesner and Aldrovandus c. But neither concerning meat or medicine they are here omitted and left to the further search of those that love frivolous and impertinent curiosities Schrod The Asse is a melancholick beast and bringeth forth the young in twelve moneths The hoof is used in stead of that of the elk and is given for a moneth together in the quantity of drach sem Outwardly it helps kibes with oile it consolidats clefts discusseth apostumes and helps wefts of the eyes with womens milk the epilepsy also and hysterick passion is helped by the savour thereof when burned The bloud causeth sweat helpeth the unrulinesse of melancholy and diseases from inchauntments c. As for the description it is needlesse the beast being well knowne Badger Taxus P. In the Mountaines of Italy Helvetia and England M. Of hornets wormes apples grapes conies and birds N. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Heb. Tesson Faxus Daxus Melo Badger Platin. T. in Italy and Germany they are used in meat and are by some much commended some boile them with peares they as also dormise are not in quality much unlike the porcupine Savon Assimulateth them to the wild Hog Gesn