parts proportionable and all gilt over When Muani the fifth Caliph of Babylon overcame Constance the Emperour in a Sea-fight and had taken the Isle of Rhodes this image being formerly thrown down by an Earthquake was sold by him to a Jew who loaded nine hundred Camels with the brasse of it Theoph. Pez Mel. Hist. The Islands and Countries in the East-Indies Described Malabar Described Malabar is neer to Cape Comeryn It s four hundred miles in length but not above a hundred in breadth yet so populous that one of the Samorines or Kings hath brought into the field two hundred thousand men The Countrey is green and full of all delights Cattel Corn Fruit Cotton silk-worms and other Merchandise it hath store of strong Towns and safe Harbours It s divided into many Toparchies but all obeying the Samorine a naked Negro yet as proud as Lucifer The Nayroes are his Lords a sort of Mammeluks that live by the sweat of other mens brows lust wholly Mastering them they always go armed with sword and Buckler The people generally are big-limmed strong cole-black wear their hair which is like wool long and curled about their heads they have a wreath of a curious sort of linnen wrought with gold and silk about their wast a peece of Calico all the rest naked the vulgar sort pink their skins in many places some are Mahometans others Gentiles the Mahometan women use vails like other Indians such as are Gentiles affect nakedness their greatest pride is in their noses and ears and they judge them most brave which are bigest and widest their ears they make big by weighty bables which they hang in them they wring their snouts with silver brass or Ivory their arms and legs are chained richly Their Braminies or Priests have the maiden heads of all that are married they are couragious and politick The City of Callecut in Malabar Described Callecut a City is not large nor of any beauty the houses are low thick and dark The Samorine or Emperor usually abides here many deformed Pagathoes are here worshipped The chappel where their grand Idol sits is covered and about three yards high the wooden entrance is ingraven with infernal shapes within their beloved Priapus is imperiously enthronized upon a brasen Mount his head hath a resplendent Diadem from whence issue four great Rams horns his eyes squint his mouth is wide from whence branch four Monstrous Tusks his nose is flat his beard like the Sun beams of an affrighting aspect his hands are like the claws of a Vulture his thighs and legs big and hairy his feet and tail resemble a Munkies Other Temples have other Pagods ugly all yet all differ in invention They commonly exchange their wives As men have many wives so one woman may have many husbands The Isle of Zeiloon Described Zeiloon or Ceilon is two hundred and fifty miles in length one hundred and forty in breadth It abounds with sundry sorts of aromatick spices but especially with Cinamon It hath plenty of Orenges Dates Cocoes Ananas Plantans and Mastick It hath Elephants Bufolos Cowes Sheep Hogs c. Smaragds Rubies Ambergreece c. The King hereof to shew his bravery to the Portugals invited them to see him walk upon a Tarras arraied in an imbroidered Coat powdered with Gold Smaragds Diamonds and Pearl altogether darting out rayes wonderfull delightfull and pleasant Hereupon Selveira the Portugese Governor builds a stately and strong Castle amongst them under pretence of defending them from the Mallabars but it was rather to bee his Jewel keeper for in a short time hee ravished the King of all his riches In this Island there is scarce any village or Mount without its Pagod amongst which that Apes tooth god was the principal resorted to by millions of Indians and when Columbo the Vice-Roy of Goa took it away they proâ—ered to redeem it with three hundred thousand Duckets Their Idols are horribly deformed and ugly yea the more ugly the more venerable The Manner of fishing for Pearls in the Isle of Zeilan They begin their fishing every year in March or April and it lasteth fifty dayes and when this time draweth neer they send very good Divers to discover where there is the greatest plenty of Oisters under water and right against that place they pitch their Tents on the shore making as it were a little Village and so when the time is come they go out in their Boats and Anchor in fifteen or eighteen fathom of water and then they cast a rope into the Sea with a great stone fastened at the end of it Then a man that hath his nose and ears well stopped and anointed with Oile with a basket under his left arm goes down by the rope to the bottome of the Sea and as fast as hee can fills the basket with Oisters and then shaking the rope his fellowes in the boat pull him up with his basket and thus they go on till they have filled their Boats with Oisters and so at evening when they come to their Tents each lay their heap of Oisters by themselves and none of them are opened till their fishing bee ended At which time they open every man his own which is easily done because then they are drie and brittle There are but few of these Oisters in comparison that have Pearles in them There are also certain that are expert in Pearles present that set the price upon them according to their carracts beauty and goodness the round ones are best Choromandel described Choromandel stretches from Cape Comoryn to the famous Gulph of Bengala and hath in it these famous Towns of Trade Negapatan Meliapore Polycat Armagun Narsinga Mesulipatan and Bipilipatan Negapatan is hot and unwholesome the wind and raines being for the greatest part of the year high and unseasonable The Town hath good water and fruits well relished cooling and nutritive yet the people are much vexed with feavers fluxes c. they are blackish blockish unapt for study or exercise by reason of the heat A small thin shuddery or lawn is drawn before their secret parts their head hath a small wreath the rest is all naked they have gold and precious stones which they esteem as wee do trifles The Bannians Wives have here more freedome to burn themselves when their Husbands dye than in other places so that in this place the custome is usual If any refuse to burn they must shave and are accounted as Monsters The City of Goa described Goa is the bravest and best defenced City in all the Orient where the Vice-Roy of Portugal keeps his residence and seats of Justice It s built three hours journey within land in an Island thirty miles compass surrounded by a River that flows from the mighty mountain Bellaguate It s compassed with a strong and beautiful wall proud in her aspiring Turrets dreadful in many tormenting Cannons The Market-place or Buzzar is in the Center of the City richly built pleasant and capacious the other streets
strange nature that the one half of it doth never freeze in the coldest winter Descrip. of Scotl. In Lenox is a great Loch or Meere called Loch-Lowmond in length twenty four miles and eight in breadth wherin are three strange things First Excellent good Fish without any fins Secondly a floating Island whereon many Kine feed And thirdly Tempestuous waves rageing without winds yea in the greatest calms Desc. of Scotl. There is a certain Island called Lounda in the Kingdome of Congo wherein is no fresh water being a very sandy ground but if you dig but the depth of two or three hand breadthes you shall find sweet water the best in all those Countryes and which is most strange when the Ocean ebbeth this water grows brackish but when it flows to the top it is most sweet P. Pil. v. 2. p. 989. Not far from Casbine the Regal City in Persia is a fountain of a strange and wonderful nature out of which there continually springeth and issueth a marvellous quantity of black Oil which serveth in all parts of Persia to burn in their houses and is usually carried all over the Countrey upon Kine and Asses whereof you may often meet three or four hundred in company P. Pil. v. 2. p. 1431. About three days journey from old Babylon is a Town called Ait and neer unto that is a valley of pitch very marvellous to behold wherin are many Springs throwing out abundantly a kind of black substance like unto Tar and Pitch which serveth all the Country thereabout to make staunch their barques with and boats every one of which springs makes a noise like to a Smith's Forge in puffing and blowing out the matter which never ceaseth day nor night and the noise is hard a mile off the Moors call it Hell-mouth P. Pil. v. 2. p. 1437. Clitumnus is a River in Italy which makes all the Oxen that drink of it white Fulk Meteor Lib. 4 The River Melas in Boeotia makes all the Sheep that drink of it black Plin. The Fountain of Jupiter Hammon is cold in the day time and hot at midnight The Fountain of the Sun hath its water extream cold and sweet at noon and boiling hot and bitter at midnight Plin. lib. 2. c. 103. Augustine There is a River in Palestine called the Sabbatical River which runs with a violent and swift stream all the week but every Sabbath it remains dry Joseph de Bel. Jud. l. 7. c. 24. Some question the truth of this In Idumaea is a fountain called the Fountain of Job which for one quarter of the year is troubled and muddy the next quarter bloody the third green and the fourth clear Isiod The River Astaces in the Isle of Pontus uses sometimes to over flow the fields after which whatsoever sheep or milch Cattel feed thereon give black milk Plin. l. 2. c. 103. Furius Camillus being Censor in Rome the Lake Albanus being environed with Mountains on every side in the time of Autumn when other Lakes and Rivers were almost dry the waters of this Lake after a wondrous manner began to swell and rise upwards till at last they were equall with the tops of the Mountains and after a while they brake thorow one of those Mountains overflowing and bearing all down before them till they emptied themselves into the Sea Plut. The River d ee in Merionneth shire in Wales though it run through Pimble-Meer yet it remaineth intire and mingles not its streams with the waters of the Lake Cam. Brit. Ana a River in Spain burieth it self in the earth and runneth under ground fifteen miles together whereupon the Spaniards brag that they have a bridge whereon ten thousand Cattel feed daily Pliny tells us of a fountain called Dodon which always decreaseth from midnight till noon and encreaseth from noon till midnight Hee also tells us of certain Fountains in an Island neer Italy which always increase and decrease according to the ebbing and flowing of the sea Aristotle writeth of a Well in Sicilie whose water is so sharp that the Inhabitants use it instead of Vinegar In Bohemia neer to the City of Bilen is a Well of such excellent water that the Inhabitants use to drink of it in a morning instead of burnt wine Dr. Fulk In Paphlagonia is a Well which hath the taste of wine and it makes men drunk which drink of it whence Du Bartas Salonian Fountain and thou Andrian Spring Out of what Cellars do you daily bring The oyl and wine that you abound with so O Earth do these within thine entrals grow c. Aelian mentioneth a Fountain in Boeotia neer to Thebes which makes horses run mad if they drink of it Pliny mentioneth a water in Sclavonia which is extream cold and yet if a man throw his cloath cloak upon it it is presently set on fire Other waters there are which discolour the fleeces of the sheep which drink of them whence Du Bartas Cerona Xanth and Cephisus do make The thirsty flocks that of their waters take Black red and white Add neer the crimson deep Th' Arabian Fountain maketh crimson sheep And again What should I of th' Illyrian Fountain tell What shall I say of the Dodonean Well Whereof the first sets any cloathes on fire Th' other doth quench who but will this admire A burning Torch and when the same is quenched Lights it again if it again be drenched In the Province of Dara in Lybia there is a certain River which sometimes so overfloweth the banks that it is like a sea yet in the Summer it is so shallow that any one may passe over it on foot If it overflow about the beginning of Aprill it brings great plenty to the whole region if not there follows great scarcity of Corn. Pur. Pil. v. 2. p. 823. In the Kingdome of Tunis neer unto the City El-Hamma is a hot River which by diverse Channels is carried through the City the water of it being so hot that few can endure to go into it yet having set it to cool a whole day the people drink of it Idem p. 821. In Africa there is a River called Margania and by it a salt spring which turns all the wood is thrown into it into hard stone Idem p. 1547. The River Meander is famous for its six hundred windings and turning in and out whence that of the Poet. Quique recurvatis ludit Maeander in undis Maeander plays his watry pranks within his crooked winding banks Groenland in the Hyperborean Sea was discovered Anno Christi 1380. it hath in it the Monastery of St. Thomas situate in the North-East part thereof at the foot of a Mountain where there is a River so hot that they use to boil their meat in it and it serves for other such purposes as fire doth with us Isac Chron. p. 275. The River Hypanis in Scythia every day brings forth little bladders out of which come certain flies which are thus bred in the morning are fledge at
noon and dye at night Fit Emblems of the vain and short life of man The famous River of Nilus in Egypt useth once in the year to overflow her banks whereby the whole Country is watered It usually beginneth to overflow upon the seventeenth of June and increaseth daily sometimes two sometimes three fingers and sometimes half a cubit high on a day The increase of it is known by a Pillar erected in a Cistern whereinto the water is conveyed by a Sluce which pillar is divided into eighteen parts each a cubit higher than the other If the water reach no higher than to the fifteenth cubit they expect a fruitful year if it stay between the twelfth and fifteenth cubit the increase of that year will bee but mean If it reach not to the twelfth it s a sign of scarcity If it rise to the eighteenth the scarcity will bee greater in regard of too much moisture This River continueth forty dayes increasing and forty dayes decreasing Pur. Pil. v. 2. p. 838. Another thing is wonderful which is this In the Grand Cairo which is the Metropolis of Egypt the Plague useth many times to bee very violent till the River begins to overflow its banks at which time it doth instantly cease So that whereas five hundred a day dyed the day before not one doth dye the day following Idem p. 897. In the County of Devon not far from the Town of Lidford at a Bridge the River Lid is gathered into a strait and pent in between Rocks whereon it runneth down a main and the ground daily waxing deeper and deeper under it his water is not seen only a roaring noise is heard to the great wonder of those that pass by Camb. Brit. p. 199. In VVarwickshire at Nevenham Regis three fountains arise out of the ground strained through an Allom Mine the water whereof carrieth the colour and taste of Milk which cureth ulcers in the bladder or kidneys caused by the stone and provoketh urine abundantly Green wounds it cleanseth closeth up and quickly healeth being drunk with salt it looseth and with Sugar it bindeth the belly About fifty years ago these wells were famous and in great request many resorting to them and the water by others was sent for far and near Idem p. 562. In Herefordshire a little beneath Richards Castle Nature who never disports her self more in shewing wonders than in waters hath brought forth a pretty well which is alwayes full of little fish bones although they bee drawn out from time to time whence it s commonly called Bone-VVell Idem p. 619. In Yorkshire upon the Sea-shore by Sken-grave when the winds are laid and the weather is most calm upon the Sea the water lying level and plain without any noise there is heard here many times on a sudden a great way off as it were an horrible and fearful groaning which affrights the Fishermen at those times so that they dare not launce forth into the Sea Idem p. 720. Pliny tells us of the fountain Chymaera that is set on fire with water and put out with earth or hey Plin. nat Hist. Lib. 2. c. 106.107 The same Author also tells us that in the hot deserts of India grows a certain kinde of Flax that lives in the fire and consumes notâ— wee have seen saith hee table-cloathes made of it burning in fires at feasts by which they have been cleansed from their stains and spots and made whiter by the fire than they could bee by water At Belgrad in Hungary where Danubius and Sava two great Rivers meet their waters mingle no more than water and Oil not that either flote above other but joyn unmixed so that near the middle of the River I have gone in a boat saith Sir Henry Blunt in his voyage into the Levant and tasted of the Danow as clear and pure as a well then putting mine hand an inch further I have taken of the Sava as troubled as a street-channel tasting the gravel in my teeth Thus they ran sixty miles together and for a dayes journy I have been an eye-witness of it CHAP. IIII. The wonderful works of God in the Creatures Of strange Fishes ANno Christi 1204. at Oreford in Suffolk a fish was taken by the Fishermen at Sea in shape resembling a wild man and by them was presented to Sir Bartholomew de Glanvil Keeper of Oreford Castle In all his limbs and members hee resembled a man had hair in all the usual parts of his body only his head was bald The Knight caused meat to bee set before him which hee greedily devoured and did eat fish raw or sod that which was raw hee pressed with his hand till hee had squeezed out all the moisture Hee uttered not any speech though to try him they hung him up by the heels and grievously tormented him Hee would get him to his Couch at the setting of the Sun and rise again at the Sun-rising One day they brought him to the haven and let him go into the Sea but to prevent his escape they set three rows of very strong nets before him to catch him again at their pleasure but hee streightwaies diving to the bottom crept under all their nets and shewed himself again to them and so often diving hee still came up and looked upon them that stood on the shoar as it were mocking of them At length after hee had sported himself a great while in the water and there was no hope of his return hee came back to them of his own accord and remained with them two months after But finally when hee was negligently looked to hee went to the Sea and was never after seen or heard of Fabians Chron. Anno Christi 1404. some women of Edam in the Low-Countries as they were going in their barks to their cattel in Purmer-Meer they often saw at the ebbing of the water a Sea-woman playing up and down whereat at the first they were afraid but after a while incouraging one another they made with their boats towards her and the water by this time being nor deep enough for her to dive in they took her by force and drew her into the boat and so carried her to Edam where in time shee grew familiar and fed of ordinary meats and being sent from thence to Harlem shee lived about fifteen years but never spake seeking often to geâ— away into the water Belg. Common VVealth p. 102. In the Seas near unto Sofala are many VVomen-Fishes which from the belly to the neck are very like a woman The Females have breasts like womens with which also they nourish their young From the belly downward they have thick and long tails with fins like a Dolphin the skin on the belly is white on the back rougher than a Dolphins They have arms which from the elbows end in fins and so have no hands the face is plain round and bigger than a mans deformed and without humane semblance They have wide mouths thick hanging lips like a
Ecbatane was once the Metropolis of it twenty miles distant from the Caspian Straits which are a narrow way made by hand through the Hills scarce wide enough for a Cart to pass eight miles in length the rocks with their obscure frowns hanging over them and in the summer time multitudes of Serpents guarding them The walls of Ecbatane were built of hewen stone seventy cubits high and fifty cubits broad and sixteen miles in compasse Herodotus saith that after the Assyrians had raigned in Asia five hundred and twenty years the Medes rebelled chose Deioces for their King at whose command they builded him this royall City and in it a Palace of Cedar wood joyned with plates of silver and gold being a stately thing the whole compasse of it was seven furlongs Diodorus Siculus reports that at one time multitudes of Sparrows that devoured their seed forced the inhabitants to leave this Countrey and to seek their living in other places as Mice caused them in some part of Italy and Frogs that rained out of the Clouds made the Attariotae and Fleas chased away the Inhabitants of Myus How great is that God who of the smallest of his Creatures can muster Armies to conquer them that swell in the conceit of their own greatnesse as against Pharoah c. And how many Nations in Africa have the Grashoppers exiled from their native habitations amongst the Medes none might bee King except hee was in stature and strength more eminent than others They used to nourish Dogs with great care to whom they cast men ready to dye whilest yet breathing to bee devoured of them In this Country is the Lake of Van three hundred miles long and a hundred and fifty broad of salt water the greatest next to Meotis Gyllicus affirms that eight great Rivers run into it without any apparent issue to the Sea Parthia described Parthia is seated at the roots of the mountains having the Arians on the East the Medes on the West Caramania on the South and Hyrcania on the North surrounded with Desarts they used not gold or silver but only to adorn their armour they had many wives of whom they were so jealous that they forbad them the sight of any other man They performed all businesses both publick and private on horseback this being the distinction of free men from servants they buried their dead in the bellies of birds or dogs they were exceeding superstitious in the service of their Gods they were a stout unquiet and unfaithful people their fight was more dangerous in their flight than in their onset whence Seneca saith Terga conversi metuenda Parthi The Parthians flight doth most affright It s now called Arach Hyrcania described Hyrcania now Strava hath on the West Media on the East Margiana on the South Parthia and on the North the Caspian Sea It s famous for store of woods and Tygers Strava the chief City abounds with trafick for Silk Their Religion agrees with that of the Persians Arabia described Arabia is a very large Country lying between the Persian Gulph on the East and the Arabian Gulph on the West On the South is the Ocean and on the North is Syria and Euphrates It s usually divided into Petraea Deserta and Foelix The name Faelix or Happie is given to the Southern part from the fertility of it Petraea to a second part of Petra the Seat Royal Deserta or the Desert from the nature of it being a very barren soil Arabia the Desert is bounded on the East with Babylonia and part of the Persian Gulph on the North with Mesopotamia neer to Euphrates On the West with Syria and Arabia Petraea and on the South with the Mountains of Arabia Faelix neer unto which and Euphrates it hath some Towns which are frequented by Merchants In other parts it is unpeopled only by some roving Arabians wandering in it seeking pasture for their Cattel Arabia Petraea hath Syria on the West and North Arabia the Desert on the East and Arabia Foelix on the South some call it Nabathaea that part of it which is next to Syria is fruitful the other barren wanting both wood and water and frequented by wandring theevish Arabians In this Country it was that the Israelites wandred forty years up and down in their passage to Canaan Here is Mount Sinai a mile and an half from Horeb and far higher Sinai is ascended by steps cut out of the Rock and from the top of it may bee seen both shores of the Red-Sea Arabia Foelix bounds upon the former and hath the Sea on all other parts against which it doth abut for the space of three thousand five hundred and four miles It s now called Ayaman or Giamen It s probable to bee the Country where Saba stood whose Queen came to visit Salomon though the Abassines challenge her to themselves It hath store of Rivers Lakes Towns Cities Cattel and fruits of many sorts The chief Cities are Medina Mecca Ziden Zebit Aden c. Here is store of gold silver and variety of precious stones As also wild beasts of diverse kinds The Inhabitants use circumcision at thirteen years old after the â—xample of Ismael Frankincense grows only in this Country and not in every part but in one part only guarded and almost unpassable by Rocks the place is one hundred miles long and about fifty in breadth there are three hundred families appointed to attend this Wood who are called Holy and when they cut the trees whence Incense sweats which is in the Spring and Autum they must abstain from Women funerals c. when it s gathered they carry it on Camels by Sabota where they pay the Tithe to a God called Sabis They have in Arabia sheep with great tailes some of which weigh forty pounds some much more they kill all the Mice they can as supposing them enemies to their Gods the women cover their faces being contented rather to see but with one eye than to prostitute their whole faces They have also Balsom trees The Arabick language is now the most common in all the Eastern Countries especially amongst those that imbrace the Mahometan Religion Tartary described The Tartars inhabit a vast space of ground in Asia and are divided into many Tribes different both in name and government one from another The greatest and mightiest of them is the Crim Tartar called by some the great Cham that lyeth South and South East from Russia Their Arms are Bows Arrows and Swords they are all Horse-men and use to shoot as readily backward as forward the common souldiers have no armour more than their ordinary apparel which is a black sheep skin with the wool side outward in the day time and inward in the night with a cap of the same the Nobles imitate the Turks both in apparrel and armour In their wars they chiefly seek to get store of Captives especially of Boyes and Girles whom they sell to the Turks or other neighbour Nations they are most
amongst them which they suck out of long Canes called hubble-bubbles They have store of Buffols Goats Turtles Hens huge Bats Camelions Rice Pease Cuscus Honey Oisters Breames and much other fish They have also Toddy Cocos Plantanes Orenges Lemons Lymes Pome-citrons Tamarind Sugar-Canes c. The Isle is alwayes green each day a gentle breeze and shower bedewing the earth and mollifying the scorching Sun so that it is alwayes adorned in Floraes Livery yea roabed with Natures best Arras pleasantly refreshed with silver purling streams and shaded with dainty trees of all sorts Here you may have thirty Orenges or Lemons for a sheet of paper for two sheets ten Coco-Nuts An Oxe for a peece of eight and a Goat for six pence The Isle of St. Hellen described This Island is on this side the Cape of Good Hope and nearer to the African than to the American shore the Seas about it are very deep and the Land so high and precipitious that the Marriners use to say A man may chuse whether hee will break his heart going up or his neck comming down But when up no place yeelds a more delightful object It s even and plain cloathed with sweet grasse long and curious The springs above are sweet there are but two Rivolets in the Island there are abundance of Hogs and Goats there are also Phesants Powts Quails Hens Partridges and diverse sorts of useful herbs as Wood-sorrel Trifolie Basil Parsly Mint Spinage Fennil Annis Radish and Lemons The Island of St. Thomas described The Island of St. Thomas is of a round figure being one hundred and fourscore miles in compasse It lyeth directly under the Aequinoctial line it so aboundeth with Sugar that forty ships are laden from thence yearly The chief City is Pavoasan At the first discovery it was wholly overgrown with woods now it is inhabited by the Portugals and Negroes the latter often living till they bee an hundred years old the Portugals not exceeding fifty It will bear no fruit that hath a stone in it In the midst is a woody Mountain continually over-shadowed with a thick cloud which so moistens the Trees which are many that from thence droppeth water sufficient to water all their Sugar grounds Princes Island described Princes Island lyes between the Aequator and the Tropick of Capricorn near unto the Isle of St. Hellen It s called Princes Island because when it was first discovered the revenues of it were allowed to the Prince of Portugal The Isle of Cape Verde described Next to Cape Verde are seven Islands full of birds but empty of Inhabitants But the Isles of Cape Verde are nine they were first discovered Anno Christi 1440. None of them are inhabited but St. Jago and Del Fogo so called because it burns perpetually They were taken by Sir Anthony Sherly Anno Christi 1596. who had in one night such a showre of ashes as hee did lie by Del Fogo that in the morning you might have written with your finger upon the Deck of his ship St. Jago was taken by Sir Francis Drake Anno Christi 1585. Brava and Bona Vista have better names than natures they yeeld no matter for History As neither do the Isles of St. Matthew Sancta Cruz St. Paul and Conception The former of these are called the Gorgades and abound with Goats The latter the Hesperides distant from Africk ten thousand furlongs The Island of Maio described Maio hath in it a Lake two leagues long where the Sun congeals and turns the water into salt Here the Sea looketh like a green field being covered over with an herb called Sergasso like to our Sampher which lies so thick that a man cannot see the water hindring the ships passage except it hath a strong wind It is yellowish of colour and beareth an empty berry like Goosberries It s four hundred miles distant from the coast of Africk and the Sea is so deep that no ground can bee found and yet this herb is thought to come from the bottome These coasts are troubled with continual thunders and lightenings and unwholesome raines and if this rain-rain-water stand but a little it turns into Worms and it fills the meat that is hung up in it with Worms Here swims also upon the face of the waters another herb like a Cocks-comb which is so venemous that it can hardly bee touched without peril In these Seas also they meet with great and tedious calmes The Canary Islands described The Canary Islands are twenty leagues from the continent of Lybia being six in number Canaria La-Palma Teneriffa Lancerota Hierro La-Gomara and Forteventura The ancient Inhabitants knew no God but Nature were ignorant of the use of fire shaved with flint-stones Nursed their Children by Goats tilled the Earth with Horns of Oxen abominated the slaughter of Beasts like beasts used women in common had no meum and tuum The Woods their dwelling was the Herbs their diet And on the leaves and boughs they slept in quiet They are now inhabited by the Spaniards who have the Inquisition amongst them The Grand Canary is the residence of the Inquisitor whither all the other Isles repair for Justice It s one hundred and twenty miles in compasse Hath store of Goats Bees Asses Hogs Barley Rye Rice variety of flowers Grapes and other excellent fruits Teneriff may compare with the Grand Canary in multitude of Inhabitants and exceeds it in Grapes yeelding yearly eight and twenty thousand Buts of Sack of the high Pike in this Island see afterwards Hyerro is famous for that Tree which like the Rock in the Desart affords sweet water to all the Inhabitants The description whereof see afterwards Madara stands in two and thirty degrees and is the greatest of all the Atlantick Isles It was so called of the wildernesses of trees there growing which when they were first fired they burned so furiously that the people for a time were forced to go some space into the Sea from the violent heat and the wood-ashes made the soil so fat that at first it yeelded threescore fold since but thirty The excellent Wines that wee have from thence are made of Vines that were brought from Candy and they bring forth more Grapes than leaves the clusters being two three and four spans long At first here were many Pigeons that would suffer themselves to bee taken not knowing and therefore not fearing a man Forty miles from Madara is the Isle of Porto Santo or All-Saints because discovered upon that day Anno Christi 1428. Here were such store of Conies bred of one shee Cony brought hither great with young that the Island was almost destroyed and made unhabitable by them The Isle of Malta described Within the Streights there are only some few Islands belonging to Affrica whereof the Isle of Melita or Malta is the chiefest In old time famous for the Temple of Juno spoiled by the Roman Verres It s distant from Sicilie threescore miles from Africa one hundred and ninety It was sometimes subject to
twenty fair Churches whereof eighteen are parish Churches there is no dunghill in all the City nor a sink that comes from any house into the street but all is conveyed under ground they carry all upon sleads and bring no Carts into the City The water at the Kay sometimes ebbs and flows forty foot in height Four miles below it the Avon falls into the Severn the Bridge is half as long as London bridge and yet hath but four Arches in it The City of Wells Described Neer unto Mendip hills which are rich in Lead-Mines stands the City of Wells so named from the springs or wells that boil up there which for the multitude of Inhabitants for fair and stately buildings is worthy to bee regarded A goodly Church it hath and a Colledge founded by King Ina. Neer unto the Church there is a spring called St. Andrews well from whence comes such a confluence of water as by and by makes a swift brook The Church is throughout very beautifull but the frontispice thereof in the West end is most excellent for it riseth up from the foot to the top all of Imagery in curious and antike wise wrought of stone carved and embowed very artificially The City of Bath Described This City is seated low in a plain environed round about with hills almost of one height out of which certain rills of fresh water flow continually to the great commodity of the Citizens within the City there bubble and boil up in three several places hot springs of water of a Sea colour sending up from them thin vapours and a kind of a strong sent withall by reason that the water is drilled and strained through veines of Brimstone and a clammy kind of earth called Bitumen These springs are very medicinal and of great vertue to cure bodies overcharged and benummed with corrupt humors by their heat causing much sweat Of all these the Cross-Bath is of the most mild and temperate nature having twelve seats of stone in the sides of it and is inclosed within a wall A second distant from this not fully two hundred foot is much hotter thence called the Hot-Bath adjoyning to which is a Spittle or Lazar-house built by Reginald Bishop of Bath for the relief of poor diseased persons The third and greatest is called the Kings-Bath walled also round about and fitted with thirty two seates of Arched work The City is fortified with walls wherein are set certain Antique Images and Roman inscriptions and hath in it a fair and large Cathedral Church The City of Excester in Devonshire Described The City of Excester stands upon the River Ex whence it receives its name It is pleasantly seated upon the gentle ascent of an hill The Walls of it which were first built by King Athelstone are in a manner round only towards the Ex it rangeth almost in a strait line having six gates for entrance and many watch-Towers interposed betwixt whose compass containeth above one thousand and five hundred paces or a mile and an half having Suburbs running out a great way on each side In it there are fifteen Parish Churches and in the highest part thereof neer the East Gate standeth a Castle called Rugemont commanding the whole City and territory about it and hath a very pleasant prospect into the Sea In the East quarter of the City stands the Cathedral Church having many fair houses round about it By reason of some Wears the River is so stopped up that no vessels can come neerer the City than Topsham which is three miles off The soil about it is but barren yet by reason of the statlinesse of the place the riches of the Inhabitants and the frequent concourse of strangers all kinds of commodities are there so plentiful that a man can ask for no necessary but he may have it The City of Winchester Described In the County of Hamtshire is the City of Winchester situated in a fruitful and pleasant place being a valley under hills having a River on the East and a Castle on the VVest the circuit of her Walls are well neer two English miles containing one thousand eight hundred and eighty paces through which open six gates for entrance In this City are seven Churches besides the Minster which is seated about the middest of it and built very sumptuously The City of Chichester in the County of Sussex Described The City of Chichester is walled about in a circular round form The Lavant a pretty riveret running hard by it on the VVest and South sides Four gates it hath opening to the four quarters of the world from whence the streets lead directly and crosse themselves in the middest where the market is kept and where Bishop Robert Read erected a fair market house of stone supported with pillars round about it Between the West and South Gates stands the Cathedral Church not very great but handsome and neat having a spire steeple of stone rising a very great height The City of Canterbury in Kent Described Canterbury is a very Ancient and famous City in Kent much renowned both for the situation and great fertility of the soil adjoyning as also for the walls enclosing it round about By reason likewise of the Rivers watering it and commodiousnesse of the woods there about besides the vicinity of the Sea yeilding store of Fish to serve it And though it was sore shaken in the Danish warres and consumed in a great part sundry times by fire yet rose it up always again more beautifull than it was before The Cathedral is raised aloft neer the heart of the City with great Majesty and stateliness The City of Rochester Described In the same County is the City of Rochester seated in a bottome fortified on the one side with a Marsh the river Medway and weak walls It is now stretched out with large Suburbs on the East West and South sides The Cathedral Church was built by Bishop Gundulph a Norman Anno Christi 1080. neer unto it stands an old ruinous Castle fortified formerly both by art and situation At the end of the City there is a very goodly Bridge of stone excellently Arched built by Sir Robert Knowls at the end whereof Sir John Cobham erected a Chappel and the bridge is daintily coped with Iron bars under which the River Medway swelling with a violent and swift stream makes a loud roaring noise The City of Glocester Described The City of Glocester is a very fine and beautiful City both for the number of Churches and buildings therein It lyeth stretched out in length over the Severn and on that side where it is not guarded by the River it hath in some places a strong wall for defence The Cathedral Church is a stately building with an exceeding high and fair steeple In an Arch of this Church there is a wall built in the form of a semicircle full of corners with such an Artificial devise that if a man speak with never so low a voice at the one
beds of Cotton called Hammackoeâ— and they worship only the Sun and Moon They have Parrats bigger than Pheasants with backs breasts and bellies of a purple colour In Guadabuza is a fountain so hot that it will quickly boil a peece of meat In Mevis also there is an hot bath like ours in England In Mona are wild Boars and great wild Bulls in Moneta are abundance of Fowl The Antiles Islands are seven St. Vincent Granado Lucia Matalina Dominica Guadalupa and Aysey where the Natives paint themselves to keep off the Muskitoes wear their hair long cut their skins in diverse works worship the Devil and poison their arrows Boriquen or St. Johns Island is three hundred miles long and seventy broad traversed with a rough Mountain out of which flow many rivers Here the Spaniards have some Towns the chiefest is Porto Rico taken by the Earl of Cumberland Anno Christi 1597. from whence hee brought about eighty cast peices and much other wealth Mevis hath in it great store of wood and in a valley betwixt two hills there is a bath like unto ours in England There are in it store of Conies sundry kinds of Fowl and plenty of Fish some of our English under Captain Middleton Anno Christi 1606 passing through the woods came to a most pleasant Garden being one hundred paces square on every side and had many Cotton trees growing in it and many Guiacum trees about it were such goodly tall trees growing as if they had been planted by Art In the Islands of Margarita and Cubagua which are situate nigh unto the Golden Castile there is neither Corn Grass Trees nor water so that sometimes the people will give a tun of Wine for a tun of Water But they have abundance of precious stones hence called Margarites and the gems called Unions because they alwayes grow in couples Jamica described Jamica or the Island of St. James which was once very populous but now is almost destitute of Inhabitants the Spaniards having slain in this and a neighbouring Island called Boriquen above sixty thousand living souls so that the women used to kill their Children before they had given them life that they might not serve so cruel a Nation It s in length two hundred and fourscore milâ—s and in breadth threescore and ten It s well watered and hath two Towns of note Oristana and Sevil Here the English have this last year planted themselves Jamica is very subject to Hurricanes which are such terrible Gusts of wind that nothing can resist them They â—urn up Trees overturn houses transport ships from Sea to Land and bring with them a most dreadful confusion they are most frequent in August September and October The natives are of quicker wits than in other Islands Cuba is three hundred miles long some say three hundred leagues and threescore and ten broad It s full of Forrests Rivers Lakes salt and fresh and mountains Here the people were prohibited the eating of Serpents as a dainty reserved for the higher powers The air is temperate the soil is fertil producing excellent brass but the gold is drossie it abounds with Ginger Mastick Cassia Aloes Cinamon Sugar Flesh Fish and Fowle The chief Cities being seated on the Northern shoar are St. Jâ—go and Havana a safe rode for ships where the King of Spains Navie rides till they carry home their rich lading In this Isle of Cuba two things are admirable one a Valley trending between two hills for three leagues which produceth abundance of stones of a perfect round form like bullets The other a Fountain whence Bitumen or a pitchie substance floweth abundantly and is excellent to pitch ships In these Islands the Inhabitans have been wasted by the Mines of Hispaniola and Cuba to the number of twelve hundred thousand Bermudae were discovered by Sir Thomas Summers and thence called Summers Islands they are four hundred in number In the biggest is a Colony of English who found it fruitful and agreeable to their constitutions The commodities in these Islands are variety of Fish plenty of Swine Mulberries Silk-worms Palmitos Cedars Pearls and Amber-greese They have great variety of Fowle as big as Pidgions which lay speckled Eggs as big as Hens Eggs on the Sand. Another Fowle there is that lives in holes like Conie-holes Tortoises they have and in the belly of one of them they finde a bushel of Eggs very sweet One of them will serve fifty men at a meal Their winter is in December January and February yet not so sharp but then you may meet with young birds It s so invironed with Rocks that without knowledge a Boat of ten Tuns cannot bee brought in and yet within is safe harbour for the greatest ship Hispaniola which lamenteth her loss of three millions of her inhabitants murthered by the bloody Spaniards It s in compass one thousand and four hundred miles having a temperate air fertil soil rich Mines Amber and Sugar It excels Cuba in three things 1. In the fineness of gold 2. In the increase of Sugar one Sugar-Cane will here fill twenty sometimes thirty measures 3. The great fruitfulness of the soil the Corn yeelding an hundred fold The chief City is St. Domingo ransaked by Sir Francis Drake Anno Christi 1585. And lately attempted by our English but through miscarriages they lost their opportunity of taking it which made them go to Jamica Hispaniola seemeth to enjoy a perpetual spring the trees always flourishing and the Medows all the year cloathed in green It s in a manner equally divided by four great Rivers descending from high mountains whereof Junna runneth East Attibunicus West Nabiba South and Jache Northward Diverse of their Rivers after they have run a course of ninety miles are swallowed up of the earth On the top of an high Mountain is a lake three miles in compasse into which some Rivolets run without any apparent issue In one part of this Island is a Lake whose water is salt though it receive into it four great fresh rivers and twenty smaller It is thought to have some intercourse with the sea because some Sharks are found in it it is subject to stormes and tempests Another Lake there is that is partly salt partly fresh being twenty five miles long and eight broad These are in a large plain which is one hundred and twenty miles in length and between twenty five and twenty eight miles in breadth Another valley there is that is two hundred miles long and broader than the former and another of the same breadth but one hundred and eighty miles long One of the Provinces in Hispaniola called Magua is a plain compassed about with hills wherein are many thousand Rivers and Brooks whereof twelve are very great some thousands of them are enriched with gold Another Province is most barren and yet most rich with Mines From this Island the Spaniards used to bring yearly four or five thousand Duckats of gold This Island is much infested with flyes whose stinging
other are above four yards Its mouth and teeth resemble a Portcullis it hath a long small tail and it is rather to be wondred at than to be eaten In Le Maires voyage about the world a certain fish or Sea monster with an horn struck against the ship with such violence that shook it whereupon the Master looking overboard saw the sea all bloody but knew not what should be the cause till coming into Port Desire where they cleansed and trimmed their ship they found seven foot under water a Horn sticking in the ship for bignesse and fashion like an Elephants tooth yet not hollow but all solid of hard bone which had pierced through three double planks and was entred into a rib of the ship it stuck about half a foot deep in the ship and by great force was broken off which caused that great monster to bleed so much as discoloured the water Pur. Pil. v. 1. p. 90. The Mannaty is a strange fish resembling a Cow Her face is like a Buffalo's her eyes small and round having hard gums instead of teeth they feed much on the shore which makes them taste like flesh of veal their intrails differ little from a Cows their bodies are commonly three yards long and one broad they swim slowly wanting fins in the place wherof they have two things like paps which are their stilts when they creep on shore to graze where they sleep long sucking in the cool air they cannot keep under water above half an hour The stone generated in their head is most esteemed being soveraign against choller adust the stone collick and dissenteryes if beaten small infused in wine and drunk fasting Herb. Trav. p. 26. See more afterwards The Carvel comes of the foam of the sea every where floating upon the surface of the Ocean of a round form throwing abroad her strings like so many lines which shee can spread at pleasure therewith angling for small fishes which shee catches at leisure you may call her a sea Spider for when shee sees her webb too weak she can blow an infectious breath foming death or such a sting as if she had borrowed it from a Scorpion Idem In the East-Indies is a trade wind which they call a Briese or Monson which blows West all April May June July August and part of September and East the rest of the year Only on the East of Sumatra it blows five months East and five months West and the other two variable This is well known to our East-Indy Merchants The Torpedo is a Fish like a Bream but somewhat thicker some Marriners having one of them in a net went to take it forth but one of them presently cryed out that hee had lost the use of his hands and armes another that was bare legged putting his foot to it lost the sence of his leg but after a while their feeling returned again whereupon calling their Cook they bade him to take and dresse it who laying both his hands thereon made grievous moan that hee felt not his hands but when its dead it produceth no such effect but is good meat Pur. Pil. p. 1568. About Jamica in the West-Indies is a Fish called a Manati which is of a strange shape and nature It brings forth her young ones alive and nourisheth them with Milk from her teates feeding upon grass in the fields but lives for the most part in the water the hinder parts of it are like unto a Cow and it eats like veal Idem v. 3. p. 930. In Brasile are oxe-Oxe-fishes which are very good meat For head hair skin cheeks and tongue they are like Oxen their eyes small with lids to open and shut which no other fish hath It breatheth and therefore cannot bee long under water Instead of fore-feet it hath two arms of a cubit long with two round hands and on them five fingers close together with nails like a mans Under these arms the female hath paps wherewith she nourisheth her young she brings forth but one at once It hath no fins but the tail which is also round and close their bones are all massie and white like Ivory of this Fish they make great store of sweet Oil they feed most upon the land Idem v. 4. p. 1313. In Sir Francis Drakes voyage about the world when they came to the Island of Celebes which is wholly overgrown with wood amongst the Trees night by night they saw infinite swarms of fiery wormes flying in the air their bodies no bigger than of our English Flyes which made such a shew and gave such a light as if every twig or tree had been a burning candle In which place also were great store of Bats as big as large Hens Pur. Pil. v. 1. p. 56. In Captain Saris his voyage to Bantam about midnight they fell into the strangest and fearfullest water that ever any of them had seen the water giving such a glaring light about the ship that they could discern letters in a book thereby whereas a little before it was so dark that they could discern nothing This made them fear that it had been the breach of sunken ground But finding that they had failed half an hour in it and saw no alteration they perceived at length that it was a multitude of Cuttle-fish that made this fearful shew Pur. Pil. p. 352. CHAP. V. The wonderful works of God in the Creatures Of strange Fowls and Birds IN one of the Scottish Islands there is a rare kinde of Fowl unknown to other Countrys called Colca little lesse than a Goose They come thither every year in the spring hatch and nourish their young ones About which time they cast all their feathers and become stark naked all their bodies over and then they get themselves to the Sea and are no more seen till the next spring Their feathers have no quill as other feathers have but are all like unto Down wherein is no hardness Descr. of Scot. In the North Seas of Scotland are great loggs of Timber found in which are ingendred after a marvellous manner a sort of Geese called Claik-geese and they do hang by the beak till they are grown to perfection and then they receive life and fall off they are many times found and kept in admiration for their rare manner of Generation They are very fat and delicious to bee eaten Idem Some question the truth hereof Storks are so careful of their parents that when they grow old and so are unable to help themselves the young ones feed them and when in passing the Sea their wings fail them the young ones will take them on their backs and carry them over And this is remarkable about them The Town of Delph in the Low-Countries is so seated for the breeding and feeding of these Birds that it is hard to see an house wherein they do not build In this Town upon the third of May Anno Christi 1536. a great fire happened when the young Storks were grown pretty big
are large and pleasant The Midan is uniform and beautifull The Kings Palace nigh the market low built painted with blew red and yellow colours commixt with Arabick letters and knots in gold and azure The windows are spacious trellized and neatly carved Neer the Kings gate is a great Tank The Hummums or sweating places are many resplendent in the azure pargetting and tileing The gardens are pleasant for view and smell The City of Tauris Described Tauris was the late Metropolis of Media taking its name from the prodigious Mountain Taurus under which it is built the ancient name was Ecbatane when shee was farre greater than now shee is Strabo saith that it was fifteen miles in compasse the walls were strong and stately seventy cubits high and fifty broad beautified with many lofty Turrets and battlements within were many great and excellent Palaces especially that which was built by Daniel the Mausoleum of the Median Kings was most magnificent which remained undemolished till the time of Josephus That built by Darius was no lesse memorable most whereof was built of Cedar the roof studded and plaited with burnished gold At this day its about five miles compasse well peopled traded to from farre and neer The houses are flat on the top made of brick the Buzzar large and the gardens lovely The City of Derbent Described Derbent is a strong and famous Port Town upon the Caspian Sea viewing from her lofty Turrets the Armenian and Hyrcanian Territories as also Ararat and the sea It s circled with a strong high and defensible stone-wall above three miles in compasse The houses Hummums and Churches are but meanly beautifull the strong Castle Kastow is most observeable in it pleasantly and very advantagiously seated Hyspaan Described The City of Hyspaan in Persia was formerly called Hecatompolis by reason of its hundred gates It 's compassed with a strong wall and is in circuit as much as a man may well ride on horseback in a day it s a very strong City and is excellently watered with deep channels of running springs conveyed into it from the Coronian Mountains which are as a wall inaccessible about it On the North side is a very strong Castle which is compassed about with a wall of a thousand and seven hundred yards in compasse On the West side of the City are two Seraglio's one for the King the other for his women Palaces of great state and Magnificence the Walls whereof glister with pollished Marble and pargetting of divers colours and all the Palaces are paved with curious checkered work and covered with curious Carpets wrought with Silk and Gold the windows are made of Marble Porphery and Alabaster the Posts and doors of Massie Ivory checkered with glistering black Ebonie so curiously wrought in winding knots as may easilier stay than satisfie the wondering eye of the spectator Near the Palace is a stately Garden spacious and large beautifully adorned with a thousand sundry kinds of Fruit-trees plants and flowers of all sorts to delight the beholders There are in it a thousand Fountains and a thousand Brooks and as the Father of them all a pretty River which with a mild stream and delightful murmure divides the Garden from the Kings Palace Casan described Casan is the chiefest City in Parthia It is seated in a goodly plain having no Mountains within a dayes journey of it It wanteth neither Fountains Springs nor curious pleasant Gardens It aboundeth with all necessaries for the life of man It 's greatly frequented with all sorts of Merchandize especially out of India The Citizens are very industrious and curious in all manner of Sciences especially in weaving girdles and shashes in making Velvets Satins Damasks excellent Persian Carpets of a wonderful finenesse Here you may buy all manner of Drugs and Spices as also Turkesses Diamonds Rubies and Pearles as also all sorts of Silk raw and wrought For there is more Silk brought into Casan in one year than there comes broad cloth into London This City is much to bee commended for Civil Government For an idle person is not suffered to live amongst them the child that is but six years old is set to labour no ill rule disorder or riot is suffered there They have a Law amongst them whereby every person is compelled to give his name to the Magistrate withal declaring by what course hee liveth and if any tell untruly hee is either well beaten on the feet or imployed in publick slavery Casan contains above four thousand families the houses are fairly built the streets bee large and comely the Mosques and Hummums are curiously painted and covered with blew Tiles like Turquoises The Buzzar is spacious and uniform The Gardens abound with fruit and the fields with Corn The Carravans-Raw is an admirable Fabrick able to receive all the retinue of the greatest Potentate in Asia It was built by Saw-Abbas for the entertainment of Travellers on free cost The whole building is founded on Marble six foot high the rest of Brick varnished and coloured with knots and Phansies of Arabick characters in Azure red and white laid in Oile It s a perfect quadrangle each side two hundred paces long In the midst of this spacious Court is a large fouresquare Tank or Pond with Christaline water This Royal Inne is seated in the midst of fragrant and spacious Gardens Armenia the greater described Armenia Major lyeth on the farther side of Euphrates is a very mountainous Country hath part of Cappadocia and Euphrates on the West Mesopotamia on the South Colchis Iberia and Albania on the North. And the Caspian Sea and Media on the East One part of it is called Turcomania the other Georgia On the Mountain of Ararat in this Countrey the Ark rested and from hence the World was repeopled The chiefest Rivers are Phasis and Lycus which runne into the Pontick Sea Cyrus and Araxes into the Caspian Euphrates and Tygris which run into the Red or Persian Sea Tygris so called from its swiftnesse passeth through the Lake Arethusa yet neither mingling water nor fishes saith Solinus afterward it diveth under Taurus and riseth on the other side bringing much filth with it and is again hidden and again riseth and at last carrieth Euphrates into the Sea Mr. Cartwright in his Preachers Travels saith that these present Armenians are a very industrious people in all kind of Labour that their women are very skilful and active in shooting and managing any sort of weapon like the Ancient Amazons That their Families are great the Father and all his posterity dwelling together under one roof having their substance in common and when the father dyeth the eldest son governs all submitting themselves under his regiment after his death not his son but his brother succeeds and when all the brethren are dead then the eldest Son In diet and clothing they are all alike Media Described Media hath on the North the Caspian Sea on the South Persia on the West Armenia and on the East Parthia
with pleasant houses At one end is the Mogols house and a Mohol most excellently framed the other side is glorious by a curious Mosque or Church ascended by thirty steps adorned with a brave gate the top is full of Pyramids the Court within is six times bigger than the Royal Exchange in London excellently paved with free stone the Iles are large and well paved the Pillars all of one stone and beautifull and affronting this Gate is a most sumptuous Monument covered with painting and Pearl-shell proud in the many Princes there buried Idem Candahor is seated in a reasonable fruitfull Countrey redundant in all good things yet by reason of so many Caravans passing and repassing from Lahore to Persia all sorts of provision is very dear and the passage much pestered with theeves the City is not very spatious but strong made defensive by many helps of Nature and Art In the South and East it s surrounded with an advantagious wall In the West and North with high and precipitious Mountains the Suburbs are large adding to the City both beauty and Wealth Idem Mandow is a City both antient and famous seated on the side of a lofty and steep hill and beautified with a strong and stately Castle encompassed with a defensive wall of five miles compass the City is very beautiful adorned with Temples in one of which are buried four Kings Palaces Fortresses especially with a Tower ascended by one hundred and seventy steps supported by Massy Pillars and adorned with gates and Windows very observable Idem Surat is at this day a City great famous rich and populous yet neither air nor soil agrees with strangers the one being extream hot the other sandy and sulphurious From June to September the clouds showre down continually unhealthful rains the wind and thunder so commixing that no place in the world seems more unhealthful It s counted the third best Town in the Guiarat Kingdome Amadavar and Cambaya excelling her It s watered with a sweet River called Tappee which arising out of the Decan mountains glides through Brampore and so to Surat It s circled with a mud-wall a strong stone Castle is built at the South-West side the River washing it the VVest opens into the Buzzar through a fair gate of stone The Medan is of no great beauty nor do the shops give any splendor The houses are indifferently beautiful some of carved wood others of Brick the English and Dutch houses at the North end excelling the other for bignesse and furniture adjoyning to one gate is a Tank of water made of good free-stone circling in above one hundred sides or angles in compasse near one thousand paces Agra is the navel of the Mogols territories and Empresse of India It s watered by the River Jeminey which from Delly glides hither and commixing with Ganges flows into the Bengalan Sea It s in shape like an half Moon the streets long and narrow and nasty of seven miles continuance part of it is walled about the rest ditcht Here the Great Mogol hath a Palace wherein are two large towers at least ten foot square which are covered with Plates of the purest gold Asmeer is seated upon an high impregnable mount the greater part of the City being below fairly built walled with good stone and moated about the Country about it is Champaigne and very fruitfull The Kingdome of Bengala Described Bengala is a very large Kingdome lying along the Sea-coast one hundred and twenty leagues and as much into the land It s watered by the River Cabaris called by some Guenga It abounds with Rice VVheat Sugar Ginger long Pepper Cotton and Silk and enjoyeth a very wholesome air Gouro is the Regal City spacious and beautiful and so is Bengala which hath given name to that part of the Sea called the Gulph of Bengala Chatigan is also another of their Cities The inhabitants are a most subtile and wicked people Men and VVomen given much to uncleannesse they never dress or seeth meat twice in one pot but every time have a new one Adultery is punished with the losse of their noses In this Country are many Rhinocroces It is now subject to the Great Mogol Cambaia described Cambaia is called also Gâ—sarat containing in length from the River Bate to Circam which is a Country belonging to Persia five hundred miles upon the Sea-coasts On all other parts it s invironed with the Kingdomes of Dulcinda and Sanga on the North Mandao on the East and with the Gredosians on the VVest the Sea and the confines of Decan being the Southerly bounds It hath in it sixty thousand Cities and villages It s watered with many Rivers whereof Indus is the chief which divides it in the middle arising from Caucasus and after a course of nine hundred miles at two mouths disembogues it self into the Ocean It s a fertile Country not inferiour to any other in India the earth and trees bring forth plenty and variety of fruits It hath store of Elephants precious stones Silk Cotton c. The people are of an Olive colour and go naked except about their privities They eat no flesh but Rice Barley milk and other liveless Creatures their chief Sea-Towns are Daman Bandora Curate Ravellum and Bazuinum and within land Cambaia Madabar Campanel Tanaa c. Cambaia being the chiefest situate three miles from Indus It s called the Indian Cairo having much trafick to it by Indians Portugals Persians Arabians Armenians c. The VVomen dye their teeth black thinking it a great part of their beauty and therefore alwayes go with open lips to shew it VVhen men die they burn their bodies and their wives dressed as for a wedding burn with them Six leagues from Decan is a Hill out of which Diamonds are taken it is walled about and kept with a Garrison Their Religion is partly Moorish partly Heathenish They have Hospitals for sick or lame Birds Beasts c. yea they redeem Beasts and Birds lives and if maimed or hurt carry them to their Hospitals In the high wayes and woods they set pots with water and scatter meat to feed them If they catch a Flea or a Louse they will not kill it but let it go and you can do them no greater injury than to kill either in their presence and if by intreaty they cannot perswade you to forbear they will redeem its life with mony They drink no Wine eat no Vinegar use water only they will eat no Eggs as supposing blood to bee in them they are very careful before they sit down that no living Creature bee under them Pur. Pilgrimage The Philippine Islands described The Philippine Islands were discovered by the Spaniards out of new Spain Anno Christi 1542. who in honour of their King Philip the second gave them that name They are many in number lying far into the Sea before Cauchin-China and Chambaia some of them are great and very rich in Rice Honey Fruits Birds Beasts Fishes Gold c.
hand It hath in it above three hundred Emeralds Rubies the greatest in the World Above fifty Saphires Turqueses Balazes Amethists Spinels Topazes Jacinths Chrysolites c. Nature here playing the Jeweller and representing a Map of the worlds Gemmes in this one Jewel without and infinitely beyond all Art of Man Bernardo de Vecheti a Jeweller being sent thither by Francis de Medicis Duke of Florence to see it accounted it beyond all estimation and value The Emperor also hath made him Tables with thousands of stones set in them In this hill are kept the Princes of the Blood Royal as in a prison and never return thence except they bee chosen Emperors Anno Christi 1608. there were six of them These meet all together when they please to recreate themselves by hauking hunting c. and they have grave persons to instruct them in learning and vertue Purchas Pilgrimage p. 677. c. The chiefest Cities in Abassia or Aethiopia superior Described The chiefest Cities in this Empire are 1. Saba in which are four Gates made of Alabaster and Jasper wrought with antique work and the doors thereof curiously carved It hath in it five thousand great and sumptuous houses the streets are spacious and so shaded with Pent-houses that a man may walk without being offended by either Sun or rain The other Cities are 2. Aruma 3. Cossomum 4. Zameta the seat of Barnagasso or the Vice-Roy 5. Suacen before described 6. Tanape 7. And Zembra The Kings Court also is a wandring City For his Pavilions and Tents belonging to him and his retinue being pitched take up ten miles in compasse In this Empire are seventy Tributary Kingdomes the chief whereof are 1. Barnagassum which lyeth towards the Red-sea and borders on the Turks 2. Tigremaon famous for her Mines of Gold 3. Angote where the Inhabitants use Salt Pepper and Iron instead of mony and feed on raw flesh 4. Amara where is that famous Mountain before described 5. Guagere which is an Island in the River Nilus one hundred seventy and five miles long and one hundred twenty and five broad c. The Natives call this Emperor The Negus His revenues are so great that besides the expences of his Court and Camp he coffers up three millions every year The Islands in the Red-Sea belonging to Africa Described That which is now called the Red-Sea or Arabian Gulph that parts Asia from Africa is in length one thousand and two hundred miles in breadth for the most part one hundred It s so full of sholds that â—xcept they keep the channel in the middest there is no sailing but by daylight At the entrance into it stands the I le of Babel mandel or Babmandel which the ancient Kings of Egypt used to chain up to keep the passage Sues is neer the bottome of this Sea where the Turk hath his Arsenal and Gallies for those Seas The Timber is brought out of Caramania by Sea by the River Nilus and by Cammels the rest of the way at incredible charges Some think that Pharaoh was here drowned Others think that the passage of the Israelites was at Tor where this Sea is not above nine miles over Ezion Geber was a Port hereabouts whence Solomon sent his Fleet to Ophir for Gold c. Bernice was a Port in the Red-sea where the Indian Drugs and Spices were unladen in the time of the Roman Empire and from thence carried to Alexandria in Egypt Zidem is twelve leagues from Mecca where since the ships used to unlade their Spicery as formerly they did at Bernice A little further is the I le of Mehun and then the I le of Cameran one of the hotest places in the world then Dalaqua where they get pearls It s one hundred twenty and five Leagues long and twelve broad Mazzua is another Island which makes Ercocco a good Haven There are diverse other small Iles in which there is nothing memorable The chiefest Islands belonging to Africa Described Madagascar Described Madagascar or St. Laurence Island is the greatest Island in the World being a thousand miles in length and in some places four hundred miles in breadth It s full of Towns people Minerals Beasts Woods waters and what 's requirable in a fruitful land It s a good place for victualling as they passe into the East-Indies the air quick and healthfull It s divided into four Kingdomes each King with their Ebony Scepters ruling his people being jealous of each others greatnesse The Sea Towns are infected with Mahometisme the midland eclipsed with black Idolatry Nature hath taught them Laws they punish Murther with death adultery with publick shame and theâ—t with banishment Fishing delights them more than Tillage The people are generally strong couragious and proper The men cover their naked bodies in warre with strong and Massy Targets their right hand brandishing a long neat pike or lance of Ebony barbed with Iron kept as bright as silver which they can throw with excellent dexterity and skill Their colour is black they anoint their naked bodies with Grease and Tallow proud to see their skin shine and are not offended with the stink their hair is long black and curled They wear a few leaves plaited about their wasts but are elsewhere naked their ears are bored and wide they pink and cut their flesh and whilst the men seek their prey abroad the women keep constantly at home and spin The boys marry at ten and the maids at twelve years old They know no Letters Nihil scire nil jucundius The earth is rich in Minerals Gold Silver Iron Copper c. but hearing of the cruelty and covetousnesse of the Portugals they prohibit the diging of them If you will buy any thing of them they give it in exchange for Agats Helitropians Jasper and long red Cornelian beads which they prefer before all the Diamonds of India and of which they are so proud that the owner bee hee Subject or King is oft dethroned for it one string of them being able to put them all into a combustion Bracelets Copper-chaines beads bells and Babies are much esteemed for which you shall have in exchange sheep with great tails Beeves Bufaloes Camels Antilops Red-deer Leopards Goats Milk Hens Eggs VVheat Barley Rice Oranges Lemons Lymes Pomcitrons Plantanes Sugar Canes Ginger Toddy Coconuts c. Herb. Travels Their time of marriage is for men at twelve and for women at ten They have a kind of Bean growing on trees the Cod whereof is two footlong The Island of Mohelia described Mohelia another Island beyond it where the houses are made of Reeds or straw fitted to the heat of such a torrid climate The Inhabitants are cole black have great heads big lips flat noses sharp chins huge limbs go naked having only a few plantane leaves about their wastes to veil their modest parts they cut and pink in several works their skins face armes and thighs striving to exceed each other in variety Tobacco is of great account
describes the people out of Epimenides The Cretians are lyers evil beasts slowbellies It s famous for three things 1. They have no venemous Creature there 2. If a woman bite a man hard hee never recovers again 3. There is an herb called Alimos which if one chaw in his mouth hee shall feel no hunger that day It was once called Hecatompolis because it had in it a hundred Cities It is in the Venetians hands The Jonian Isles described Cythera is in compasse threescore miles It was formerly called Porphyris from the abundance of that sort of Marble called Porphyrie which the Mountains yeeld The Strophades are two Islands wherein there is nothing remarkable but a spring of fresh water in one of them which hath his fountain in Peloponesus above five miles distant which passing under the Sea ariseth there Zacinthus now Zant is threescore miles in compasse It s wonderfully stored with Wine Oil and Currans of which last ordinarily they make yearly one hundred and fifty thousand Chekins for their own Coffers besides eighteen thousand Dolars which they pay for custome to the State of Venice when the English first traded thither the inhabitants were very poor and when the English bought so many Currans of them they asked our Merchants whether they dyed cloaths or fed their Swine with them which uses themselves put them to but now they know better and grow rich by the trade This Island is much troubled with earthquakes commonly once a week whereupon they build their houses low The chief City is Zant not big the streets rugged and uneven and the houses low for the cause aforesaid Over the Town-hall door in this City is this Distich inscribed Hic locus odit amat punit conservat honorat nequitiam pacem crimina jura probos The Echinades Islands are five in number being but like Rocks and are famous for nothing but for the famous battel of Lepanto fought near them betwixt the Turks and the Christians Cephalenia is in compasse one hundred sixty and six miles and contains two hundred Towns the chiefest commodities it yeelds are Wheat Hony Currans Powder for dying Scarlet Oil and Wooll c. Corcyra now Corfu is neer Epyrus in length four and fifty miles in breadth four and twenty Its seated in the midst of the Venetians Lordships by Sea The chief City is Corfu where the Turks have received sundry repulses It s very fruitful in Hony Wax Wine Oil c. The Adriatick Isles have nothing of note in them and therefore I proceed to the Mediterranean Isles the principall whereof is 1 Scicily in compasse seven hundred miles The people are ingenuous eloquent and pleasant but very unconstant and talkative The soil is incredibly fruitful in Wine Oil Hony Saffron Sugar Salt in Mines of Gold Silver Allom having also Agates and Emeraulds with such abundance of Corn that it was called The Granary of the Romane Empire In this Country is the Hill Hybla so famous for Bees and Hony and Aetna which continually sendeth forth flames of fire Here was once the famous City of Siracuse two and twenty miles in compasse but now Palermo is the seat of the Spanish Vice-Roy In this Island lived those two great Tyrants Dionysius the elder and Dionysius the younger who were so odious for their cruelty that all the people hated and continually cursed them only one old woman prayed for the life of the latter and being asked the reason shee answered that shee knew his Grand-Father to bee very bad and when at the prayers of the people hee was taken away his son succeeded that proved far worse than his Father and after their curses had prevailed also for the removal of him came this present Tyrant worse than either for whose life shee was resolved to pray least after his decease the Devil himself should come amongst them Malta is in compasse about threescore miles It s seated on a Rock over which the earth is not above three foot thick yet have they abundance of Pomegranats Citrons Orenges and other excellent fruit there is also great store of Cotton-Wooll whâ—ch they sow as wee do Corn In the Acts this Island is called Melita It consists of four Cities and threescore Villages It was by Charles the fifth given to the Knights of the Rhodes newly expelled by the Great Turk they are a thousand in number whereof five hundred must bee alwayes resident in the Island the others upon summons must make their appearance None are admitted into their order unlesse they bring a testimony of their Gentry for six descents But some make this Island to belong to Africk where you may see more of it 3 Corsica is just against Greece in the Ligurian Sea and is in length one hundred and twenty miles in breadth threescore and ten the whole circuit being three hundred twenty and five It s a fine Country yeelds excellent Dogs for game good horses fierce Mastiffs and a beast called Musoli found no where in Europe but here and in Sardinia horned like Rams and skinned like Stags of incredible hardnesse It produceth the best VVines Oil Figs Raisons and Hony but bitter and unwholesome It abounds also with Allom Box-trees Iron-Mines c. It s under the Government of Genoa The people are churlish stubborn poor and illiterate 4 Sardinia which is seven miles distant from Corsica It contains in length one hundred and fourscore miles in breadth fourscore and ten in circuit five hundred and threescore It abounds in Corn and Cattel but wants Oil. Their Bulls do naturally amble and therefore the Country Peasants usually ride upon them Here is the Beast Musoli of whose skins carryed to Corduba and there dressed is made our true Cordovan Leather The Inhabitants are little of stature and prone to Rebellion and therefore the Spaniard suffers neither Smith nor Cutler to live there The chief City is Calearis just opposite to Africk having a goodly haven much frequented by Merchants and is the seat of the Spanish Vice-Roy The Baleans Islands described The chief of these Islands are 1. Majorca about threescore miles distant from Spain and is three hundred miles in compasse the chief Cities are Majorca wherein is an university and Palma 2. Minorca distant from the former nine miles and is in circuit one hundred and fifty miles the inhabitants are effeminate the soil for the most part fruitful Nigh to these are two lesser Islands 1. Ebuisa one hundred miles in circuit the chief commodity in it is salt 2. Olhiusa threescore and ten miles about The men and women in both of them are excellent swimmers The lesser Islands scattered up and down have nothing in them remarkable but only in one of them called Ischia is a fountain so hot that in a short time it will boil any flesh or fish put into it Somewhat without the mouth of the Straits of Gibralter is the Island of Gades or Cales in length thirteen miles Anno Christi 1596. it was suddenly taken by
and Peel a poor Harbour facing Ireland It abounds with springs of water which make diverse usefull Rivolets the soil is indifferently fruitfull yet much of it is mountainous It yeilds Rie Wheat Barley but especially Oates of which they make their bread It s stored with Beasts Sheep of a course wooll Horses of a small size and Goates there is no want of Fish and plenty of Fowl The Aire is quick and healthful Frosts short and seldome Snow will soon dissolve because of the vicinity of the Sea and its subject to extraordinary high winds The Inhabitants are civil and laborious their drink water their meat Fish their bedding generally hay or straw they are much addicted to the musick of the Violine so that there is scarce a family but more or lesse can play upon it they are ingenious in learning manifactures and bear a great esteem and reverence to the publick service of God Naturally they are unchaste Anno Christi 1649. it was given by the Parliament to Thomas Lord Fairfax as a reward of the great services he had done for them The Azores Islands Described The Islands of Azores are nine in number Tercera St. Michael St. George St. Mary Pico Fayall Graciosa Flores and Corvo They are named Azores from the many Ayeries of Goshawks found there Of these Tercera is the greatest and fruitfullest It abounds with Oil Wine Corn Oade Fruits c. Her best Town is Angra her best Fort Brazeil her Haven bad to Anchor in Pico is the highest being as some say above fifteen miles to the top which is many times seen cleerly but about the middle of it hang the clouds It s about ten miles in circuit It s for the most part composed of Brimstone so that many times from the top issue forth flames of fire as out of Aetna Below are umbragious shades and cold Rivolets into which when the vomited fire is forced those opposite Elements eccho forth their discontents in an hideous noise In the Island of Tercera are some fountains the water whereof is so hot that it will boil an egg There is also another fountain that turns wood into stone and a Tree that grows by it hath that part of the root which grows in the water petrified the other that is out is Wood as of other trees A more particular description of the Kingdomes and Countries contained in the continent of Europe Spain Described Spain was seized upon by the Sweves Goths and Vandals Anno Christi 168. who remained in possession thereof more than four hundred years till their King Rodrigues with almost all his Nobility was defeated by the Saracens who were brought in by a certain Earl in revenge of the dishonour of his daughter whom the King had ravished These Saracens maintained themselves there above seven hundred years as well against the French as the Spaniards themselves who endeavoured to expell them It was formerly divided into twelve Kingdomes which were all reduced to one by Ferdinand and Isabel Anno Christi 1474 except that of Portugal which was subjugated by Philip the second and peaceably possessed by him and his heirs till the year 1640 as above It was in the reign of the aforesaid Ferdinand that the Indies and many other Islands were found out the riches whereof hath much augmented the potency of Spain and made her to aspire to the Monarchy of the world The chief Rivers in Spain are 1. Tagus formerly famous for his golden sands It riseth in the mountain of Seira Molina running by the City of Toledo and then smoothly gliding by the walls of Lisbon in Portugal it pays his tribute to the Western Ocean 2. Ana now Guadiana which rising about the same place afterwards runs under-ground for the space of fifteen miles as our Mole in Surrey doth 3. Baetis now Guadalquiver 4. Duerus that runneth from its head in the hills of Bâ—iscay Westward 5. Iberus which having his head in the same Mountains runs Eastward almost four hundred miles of which two hundred is navigable The chief hills are 1. Aurentius Saltus stretching from the Pyrenean Mountains towards Portugall 2. Siera Morena declining from the middest of Spain towards the straits of Gibraltar 3. Seira Nevada which crosses the Kingdome of Granata from East to West steep hills amongst which the people speak the Arabick tongue perfectly Whilst the Saracen Moors possessed Spain they divided it into twelve Principallities as 1. Leon and Oviedo having on the East Biscay on the South Castile on the North the Ocean on the West Gallicia It yeildeth little yet swift horses called Hobbies The chief Towns are 1. Aviles on the sea side 2. Palenza 3. Oviedo 4. Astorga 5. Leon. 2. Navarre having on the East the Pyrenean mountains on the West Iberus on the North Biscay and on the South Aragon The chief Cities are 1. Victoria 2. Viana 3. Sanguessa 4. Pampelune the Metrotropolis of the Country Anno Christi 1512. in the reign of Queen Katherine who was married to John of Albert the King of Spain raising an Army under pretence of rooting out the Moors suddenly surprized this Kingdome unprovided for resistance and keeps it till this day though the French have often attempted the recovery of it 3 Corduba comprehending Andaluzia Granada and Estremadura Andaluzia is the richest and fruitfullest Country in all Spain the chief Towns are 1. Corduba the Metropolitan whence comes our true Cordovan Leather made of the skins of a Sardinian Beast Neer this City is a wood thirty miles long consisting all of Olive trees 2. Marchena where are the best Jennets in all Spain 3. Medina Sidonia the Duke whereof was General of the Armado in eighty eight 4. Lucar di Barameda an haven Town 5. Xeres a haven Town also whence come our Xeres Sack commonly called Sherry-Sacks 6. Tariffa seated at the end of the Promontory towards Affrick 7. Sevil the fairest City in all Spain in compasse six miles environed with beautiful walls and adorned with many magnificent buildings of Palaces Churches and Monasteries and hath under its jurisdiction twenty thousand small Villages It s also divided into two parts by the River Baetis yet both are joyned together by a beautifull and stately Bridge Hence come our Sevil Oranges and from hence goeth the Indian Fleet. Analuzia in Spain as well for plenty of all blessings of the Earth as for the pleasures and delights of the fields is a meer terrestrial Paradise The horses which shee produceth are so swift in course that they seem according to the Proverb to be engendred by the Wind. Spain feeds an infinite number of Sheep especially in Castile where is made most excellent Cloath and the wooll for the superlative finenesse thereof is transported into other Countries In other parts it is barren through the lazinesse of the people as some think who love much better to put their hands to the Sword than to the plough The people are melancholy and cholerick sober and content with a little spending
of English Jesuits There are in it many goodly Gardens Mountaines Valleys Medows c. 2. Bruxels of the same bigness and the Dukes seat but for pleasure profit uniform buildings and elegancy thereof far beyond Lovain 3. Bergen ap some famous for the notable resistance it made to Spinola Anno Christi 1622. 4. Bolduc 5. Tilmont 6. Mastriecht 7. Breda the seat of the Prince of Orange 5. The Marquisat of the Empire is contained in Brabant the chief City is Antwerp in circuit seven miles In it are eight principal channels cut out of the Scheld on which the Town is seated the biggest of them being able to contain one hundred ships Before the Civil warres it was a place of wonderful great Trading but now the Hollanders have so blocked up the Haven that the traffick is removed to Amsterdam 6. Flanders is divided into the Imperiall Gallick and Teutonick Flanders The last of these is divided from the other two by the River Ley. The chief Towns in it are 1. Gaunt whose wall is seven miles round The Rivers Scheld and Ley run through it and make in it twenty six Islands conjoyned with ninety eight bridges 2. Burgiâ— situated on a fair and deep channel made by Art which much advantageth it 3. Ypres a very strong Town standing on a River of the same name 4. Winnocks-Berg 5. Grauling on the sea side a strong Fort. 6. Oudenard The four principal Ports of Flanders are 1. Dunkirk 2. Scluse at the mouth of the channel of Bruges having a fair Haven able to contain five hundred good ships It s in the hand of the States 3. Newport where was fought that famous Battle between the Spaniards and States 4. Ostend which held out a siedg of three years and three months against the Arch-Duke Imperiall Flanders is parted from Brabant by the River Dender from the Gallick Flanders by the River Scheld about Oudenard The chief Towns are 1. Alost on the Dender 2. Dendermond 3. Hulst 4. Axelle 5. Rupelmond The Gallick Flanders is severed from the Teutonick by the River Ley from the Imperiall by the Scheld The chief Towns are 1. Lisle 2. Doway where is an University 3. Orchies 4. Armentiers 5. St. Amand. 6. Turnay In all Flanders there are thirty five Towns and one thousand one hundred seventy and eight Villages It s in length ninety six miles in breadth much lesse It s bounded with Brabant on the East Picardy on the West the Sea on the North and Artoys on the South 7. Artoys which hath on the East Heinalt on the West Picardy on the North Flanders and on the South Champaigne It contains seven hundred fifty and four villages and twelve walled Towns whereof the chief are 1. Arras whence comes our Arras hangings 2. Ayre 3. Pernes 4. St. Omer a good Haven 5. Lilliers 6. Le-Cluse The frontier Towns are 1. Hedinfert against Picardy 2. St. Paul 8. Heinalt bounded on the East with Limbourg on the West with Flanders on the North with Brabant and on the South with Champaigne The length of it is sixty miles and the breadth fourty eight It contains nine hundred and fifty Villages and twenty four Towns the chief whereof are 1. Mons a strong and rich City 2. Valenciennes seated on the Scheld 3. Conde 4. Bavays 5. Landrecy on the River Sambre 6. Mariembourgh 7. Engien 8. Reulx 9. Avennes On the South part of Heinalt is the Town and territory of Cambray 9. Namurce which hath on the East Limbourg on the VVest Heinalt on the North Brabant and on the South Luxenburg In this Country are many Coals which are kindled with Water and quenched with Oil. It contains one hundred and eighty villages and four Towns 1. Namurce seated where Sicambris falls into Meuse 2. Charlemont 3. Valencourt 4. Bovines It s a fruitful Country enriched with Mines of Jasper and all sorts of Marble and abounding with Iron The Inhabitants are good souldiers 10. Zutphen is a Town in Gelderland an ancient Earldom seated on the River Ysell a strong place in the siege whereof that mirror of Chivalry Sir Philip Sidney lost his life 11. Holland is a woody Country having on the East Utrecht on the West and North the Sea and on the South the Meuse It s in circuit one hundred and eighty miles no part whereof is distant from the Sea three hours journey It containes four hundred villages and three and twenty Towns whereof the chief are 1. Dort where the National Synod was held against the Arminians Anno Christi 1618. 2. Harlem where Printing was invented 3. Leiden a famous University Which City consists of forty one Islands passed partly by Boats and partly by Bridges whereof there are one hundred forty and five and of them one hundred and four built with stone 4. Delft 5. Alkmer 6. Rotterodam 7. Horn. 8. Enchusen 9. Amsterdam a very fair Haven Town the men are good Sea-men the women very industrious there is scarce a boy of four years old but can earn his own meat It yeilds Butter Cheese c. The chief Village is the Hage having in it two thousand housholds 12 Zealand consisteth of seven Islands and in them three hundred Towns The first Island is Walcheren and in it the chief towns are 1. Midlebourg 2. Flushing an excellent Haven and of great strength Nigh unto it is the Fort Ramekins and the Brill 3. Vere The next Island is South Beverland whose chief Town is Tergowse The third is Schoven its chief Town Sixixee 4. Tolen whose chief Town is Tertolen c. In all this Countrey are eight Cities and one hundred and two Villages the soil is fruitful but they have neither wood nor fresh water 13. West-Freizland which hath on the East Groyning on the South Overyssel on the other sides the Sea It contains three hundred forty and five Villages and eleven Towns the chief are 1. Lewarden 2. Harlingem a sea Town 3. Zwichen 4. Doceum 5. Franeker an University 14. Utrecht is bounded on the East with Gelderland on the other three sides with Holland It contains seventy Villages and five Towns as 1. Rhenen 2. Wick de Duerstede 3. Amesford 4. Monfoort 5. Utrecht just in the middest 15. Overyssel is bounded on the North with Freizland and Groning on the South with Gelderland on the East with Westphalia on the West with the sea It contains one hundred and one Villages and eleven Towns the chief whereof are 1. Swall 2. Campene 3. Deventer basely betrayed to the Spaniards by Sir William Stanley 4. Steinwick 5. Hasselt 6. Oldezel 7. Handerberg 8. Delden 16. Machlin which is a Town in Brabant which Anno Christi 1546. was much defaced by fireing of eight hundred barrels of Gunpowder Besides the Town it contains nine Villages It s a fair and strong Town being daintily seated amidst the waters of the River Dele so that it may bee drowned on all sides 17. Groyning which is a Town of VVest-Friezland containing under her command
Scandia which belongs to Denmark is divided into three Provinces 1. Hallandia 2. Scania in length threescore and twelve miles in breadth eight and forty the pleasantest and fruitfullest Country in all Denmark and having Seas abounding with Herrings 3. Blicker where is Colmar a strong Fortress against the Swedes The Province of Scania reaches up to Sweden and Juâ—land to Holstein The Kingdome is elective and the principal strength of it consists in good and stately ships not only for the defence of the Islands but of that most important passage of the Sound which is a streight separating Scania from Zeland and is of huge advantage by reason of the infinite number of ships which pass through it into the Baltick Sea and come from all the Havens of that Sea back into the Ocean The Noble men are much inclined to the wars zealous for their Rights and Liberties and make no alliance by marriage with the common people they refuse Ecclesiastical honours as below their condition The Gentlemen are all equal and as it were of one family there being neither Earl nor Baron only the Officers of the Crown and Counsellers of the Kingdome have the preheminence Norway described Norway is bounded on the North with Lapland on the East with the Doâ—rine Mountains which part it from Swethlâ—nd on the other parts with the Sea It s in length one thousand and three hundred miles in breadth not half so much It s much troubled with certain little Beasts called Lemmers about the bigness of a field-mouse which like Locusts devoure every green thing on the earth and at a certain time die in heaps and with their stench poison the air so that the people are long after troubled with the Jaundies and a giddinesse in the head but these beasts come not often The soil is barren and the common people live on dryed fish in stead of bread The chief Commodities are stock-fish butter rich furrs train Oile pitch masts cables deal-boards c. Towns here are few and the houses are miserably poor their cheif towns are 1. Nidrosia 2. Bergen an ancient mart town 3. Asloia 4. Staffanger On the North and West of it lieth Finmark a great and populous Province both of them are subject to Denmark The chief towns in Finmark are 1. Saman 2. Hielso both sea towns 3. Wardhouse a place of much trading Swethland Described Swethland hath on the East Muscovy on the West the Dofrine hills on the North the frozen Seas and on the South the Baltick Sea which doth not ebb and flow This Sea begins at the Sound and interlaceth Denmark Swethland Germany and Poland extending to Livonia and Lituania This Countrey with the Provinces of Lapland Scricfinia and Barmia is bigger than France and Italy joyned together The soil is fruitful the aire healthfull so that many of the Inhabitants live to one hundred and thirty and some to one hundred and forty years old It yeilds Mines of Lead Copper and Silver Buck-skines Goat-skines Oxen Tallow Tar costly Furrs c. The chief Provinces are 1. Lapland which is divided into two parts whereof the Eastern part belongs to the great Duke of Mosco the western containing Lapland properly so called and Scricfinia belong to Swethland they have store of rich Furrs but use not many and are good Archers 2. Bodia lying on the South of Scricfinia the chief towns whereof are 1. Virtis 2. Vista 3. Helsinga 3. Finland which hath the Baltick sea on the South It s a very fruitfull and populous Countrey containing one thousand four hundred thirty and three Parishes wherein are a thousand Families in some of them the chief towns are 1. Albo. 2. Name a strong place c. 4. Sweden which hath on the East Sinus Bodicus on the West the Dofrine Hills on the North Lapland and on the South Gothland For the most part it is a fruitful Countrey the chief Cities are 1. Upsale 2. Nicopia a sea town 3. Coperdole famous for its abundance of Brasse 5. Gothland which is the best and richest Province of the North It s divided into the Island and the Continent The Island of Gothland is seated in the Baltick sea being in length eighteen miles and but five broad the chief Town is Wisbich The continent of Gothland joyns to Denmark and hath in it the great Lake Weret which receiving into it twenty and four Rivers empties it self at one mouth with such an hideous noise that it is commonly called the Devills head The chief Cities are 1. Stockholm 2. Lodusia 3. Walburg 4. Colmar famous for its impregnable Castle Sweden is the biggest of all the Northern Kingdomes the Regall City whereof is Stockholm a town with the suburbs of great distent there are in it many huge Mountains Rocks and Forrests where are sometimes seen and hard strange illusions and phancies as likewise in the water which are very terrible both to men and horses that pass that way The Swedes are good souldiers both by sea and Land of a strong complexion and fit to indure hardship and labour the Nobility is very milde and frank loves learning and Languages especially the Latine and French they travel much abroad are dextrous at exercises and seek learned company they heartily love one another out of their own Country hide the vices of their compatriots and stand much for the honour of their Nation Muscovy Described Muscovy hath on the East Tartary on the West Livonia Lituania and part of Sweden on the North the frozen Ocean and on the South the Caspian sea and lake of Meotis It is in length from East to West three thousand and three hundred miles in breadth three thousand sixty and five The women love their husbands best that beat them most they use the Sclavonian Language and in their Religion follow the Greek Churches the Northren parts are so cold that the people do not only line their cloaths but their houses with Furrs the chief Commodities are rich Furs Flax Hemp Oil Honey Wax Canvasses Nuts c. It hath many great rivers as 1. Tanais which emptieth it self into Palus Meotis 2. Duina running into the Scythian seas 3. Boristhenes or Neiper running into the Euxine sea 4. Onega running into the Baltick sea 5. Volga which at seventy mouths empties it self into the Caspian sea The chief Provinces are 1. Novograd having a City of the same name on the Baltick sea a place of great trading 2. Plescovia whose chief town is Plescow it is in length three hundred and thirty miles and one hundred and thirty in breadth 3. Volodomire a fruitful Country where usually one bushel of Corn returns twenty and sometimes five and twenty the chief town is of the same name 4. Rhezan very plentiful in Corn Hony Fish Fowl c. 5. Severia a great Province upon the lake of Maeotis 6. Smolensco whose chief City is of the same name 7. Rescovy 8. Rostowia 9. Corelia 10. Permia where are abundance of stags 11. Condora 12. Petzora 13.
on the East Laconia on the VVest Elis and Messina on the North Achaia propria and on the South the sea The chief Cities are 1. Psophis 2. Mantinia 3. Megalopolis And 4. Phialia here was the Lake Stymphalus and the River Styx whose water for the ill tast was called the Water of hell this Countrey was fit for pasturage and grazing 4. Laconia which is bounded on the East and South with the sea on the North with Argolis and on the West with Arcadia the chief Cities are 1. Lacedaemon once a most flourishing Commonwealth 2. Leuctra on the sea side 3. Thalana nigh unto the Lake Lerna and Mount Tenarus and 4. Selassia 5. Argolis which is bounded on the East and North with the sea on the VVest with Achaia propria and on the South with Laconia the chief Cities are 1. Argos 2. Micene 3. Nemaea 4. Epidaurus and 5. Nauplia 6. Achaia propria which hath on the South Elis Arcadia and Argolis on all other parts the sea The chief Cities are 1. Corinth at the foot of the Acro-Corinthian hills neer to the fountain Pyrene this City was formerly strengthened with a Castle which standing on the said Hills was called Acro-Corinthus and was impregnable Here lived Lais that famous strumpet that exacted ten thousand Drachmas for a nights lodging It s now called Crato and is a place of small note 2. Patras 3. Scycion now Vasilico and 4. Dimea The Country of Achaia described Achaia is bounded on the East with the Aegean Sea On the West with Epirus On the North with Thessaly and on the South with Peloponesus and the Sea thereof It s divided into seven Provinces 1. Attica 2. Megaris 3. Boeotia 4. Phocis 5. Aetolia 6. Doris and 7. Locris 1. Attica which hath on the West Megaris and on all other parts the Sea the soil is barren yet by the industry of the Inhabitants was made fruitful their current mony was stamped with an Oxe whence grew that saying of corrupt Lawyers Bos in lingua The chief Cities are 1. Athens once famous all the world over 2. Marathron where Mâ—ltiades overthrew the huge Army of Darius 3. Piraea the Haven Town to Athens and 4. Panormus 2. Maegaris which hath on the East Attica on the West Sinus Corinthiacus on the North Boeotia and on the South the Istmus The chief Cities are 1. Megara now Megra and 2. Eleusis 3. Boeotia which is bounded on the East with Attica on the West with Phocis on the North with the River Cephisus and on the South with Megaris and the Sea The chief Cities are 1. Thebes on the River Cephisus 2. Daulis 3. Platea 4. Leuctra where Epaminondas gave that great overthrow to the Lacedemonians 5. Ascra the birth-place of Hesiod 6. Cheronea the birth-place of Plutarch 7. Orchomenon In this Country are the streights of Thermopylae where Leonidas with three hundred Spartans slew twenty thousand of Xerxes his Army and were themselves all slain 4. Phocis which hath on the East Boeotia on the West Locris and Doris on the North the Rivers Cephisus and on the South Sinus Corinthiacus Here is Mount Helicon consecrated to the Muses Mount Citheron and Pernassus whose two-fold top kissed the clouds The cheif Cities are 1. Cyrra 2. Crissa 3. Anticyra on the Sea side where grew Eloborum that cured the Phrensie 4. Elladia 5. Pytho or Pythia seated in the heart of Greece Here the Amphictyons kept their Court. They were men selected out of the twelve principal Cities in Greece and had power to decide all controversies and to enact Lawes for the common good 6. Delphos where was the Temple of Apollo the most famous Oracle of the Heathens 5. Locris which hath on the East Aetolia on the North Doris and on the other parts the Sea The chief Cities are 1. Naupactum now called Lepanto where was that famous battel between the Turks and Christians 2. Ematia 6. Aetolia which is bounded on the East with Locris on the West with Epirus on the North with Doris and on the South with the Gulph of Lepanto Here is the Forrest of Caledon where Meleager slew the wild Boar and the Rivers Evenus and Achilous The chief Cities are 1. Chalcis 2. Olenus 3. Plurona and 4. Thirmum 7. Doris which hath on the East Boeota on the West Epirus on the South the Sea and on the North the Hill Oeta The chief Cities are 1. Amphissa 2. Libra and 3. Citinum Epirus described Epirus is bounded on the East with Achaia on the North with Macedonia and on the other parts with the Sea Here is the Mount Pindus sacred to Apollo and the Muses and the Acroceraunian Hills Here are also the Rivers Acheron and Cocytus for their colour and taste called the Rivers of Hell The Eastern part of this Country is called Acarnania the Western Chaonia The chief Cities are 1. Antigonia 2. Cassiope 3. Toronia These in the Western part and in the other 1. Nicopolis 2. Ambracia now Larta 3. Leucas 4. Anactorium and 5. Actium nigh to the Sea of Lepanto where Augustus and Anthony fought for the Empire of the world This Country was once called Molossia Here that famous Scanderbeg was King as also of Albania Albania described Albania hath on the East Macedonia on the West the Adriatick Sea On the North Sclavonia and on the South Epirus The chief Cities are 1. Albanopolis 2. Sfetigrade 3. Durazzo formerly called Dyrachium 4. Croya under whose walls Amurath lost his life Macedonia described Macedonia hath on the East Migdonia on the West Albania on the North Misia superior and on the South Epirus and Achaia The chief Cities are 1. Scydra or Scodra 2. Andaristus 3. Aedessa 4. Eribaea 5. Pidna upon the mouth of the River Alaicmon 6. Pella on the same shore and 7. Syderocaspae famous for her gold and silver Mines Thessaly described On the Southern part of Macedonia is Thessalia planted It s a fruitful and pleasant Country Here is the Hill Olympus upon which were the Olympick games as running with Chariots and on foot wrestling fighting with Whirlebats c. The reward of the Conquerors was only a Garland of Palm and yet highly esteemed by them Here also are the Hills Pelion and Ossa and betwixt Olympus and Ossa was that delectable Valley called Tempe five miles long and six broad so beautified with natures riches that it was accounted the Garden of the Muses The chief Cities are 1. Tricca 2. Lamia 3. Demetrias 4. Larissa both upon the Pelasgick Bay 5. Pharsalis nigh unto which was that great battel fought between Caesar and Pompey for the Monarchie of the world And 6. Pherae Migdonia described Migdonia is bounded on the East and South with the Aegean Sea on the West with Macedonia and on the North with Thracia Here is the Hill Athos which is threescore and fifteen miles in compass three dayes journey in height and casts a shadow as far as Lemnos which is forty miles off The chief Cities are 1. Stagira
hundred fathoms deep the King of Spain receives thence yearly eight or ten millions of silver Lima is the cheifest City in Peru standing within two Leagues of the South sea containing about two thousand houses is very rich and of more trade than all the Cities of Peru besides It is the seat of the Vice-Roy the Arch-Bishop and of the Inquisition FINIS EXAMPLES OF THE Wonderfull VVorks OF GOD IN THE CREATURES CHAP. I Of strange Stones Earth and Minerals IN Cornwal near unto a place called Pensans is that famous stone called Main-Amber which is a great Rock advanced upon some other of meaner size with so equal a counterpoize that a man may stir it with the push of his finger but to remove it quite out of his place a great number of men are not able Camb. Brit. p. 188. The like is in the Country of Stratherne in Scotland In Summerset-shire near unto Cainsham are found in Stone-quarries stones resembling Serpents winding round in manner of a wreath the head bearing up in the Circumference and the end of the tail taking up the centre within but most of them are headless Camb. Brit. p. 236. In Gloucestershire upon the hills near Alderly are found certain stones resembling Cockles Periwinckles and Oisters which seem to bee the gaimsome works of nature or such shells turned into stone Camb. Brit. p. 363. In Yorkshire about Whitby are found certain stones fashioned like Serpents foulded and wrapped round as in a wreath so that a man would verily think that they had been sometimes Serpents turned into stone Camb. Brit. p. 718. Also in the same County at Huntly Nabb there â—ye scattering here and there amongst the Rocks stones of divers bigness so Artificially by nature shaped round in manner of a Globe that one would take them to bee big bullets made by the Turners hand for shot to bee discharged out of great Ordnance in which if you break them are found stony Serpents enwrapped round like a wreath but most of them are headlesse Camb. Brit. p. 721. In the County of Cornwal near unto St. Neots there are a number of good great Rocks heaped up together and under them one stone of lesser size fashioned naturally in the form of a Cheese lying in presse whereupon it s named Wring-cheese Camb. Brit. p. 192. In Richmondshire amongst the ragged Rocks are found stones like unto Periwinckles Cockles and other shell fish Camb. Brit. p. 727. In the County of Hereford a hill which they call Marcley-hill in the year 1571. as though it had wakened on a sudden out of a deep sleep roused it self up and for the space of three dayes together moving and shewing it self as mighty and huge an heap as it was with roaring noise in a fearful sort and overturning all things that stood in the way advanced it self forward to the wondrous astonishment of the beholders Camb. Brit. p. 620. In Glamorganshire in a Rock or Cliffe by the Sea side there appeareth a very little chinck unto which if you lay your ear you shall hear a noise as if it were of Smiths at work one while the blowing of the bellows another while the striking of the sledge and hammer sometimes the sound of the grindstone and Iron tools rubbing against it the hissing sparks also of steel gads within holes as they are beaten and the puffing noise of the fire burning in the furnace Camb. Brit. p. 643. This is called Merlins Cave At Aspley 〈◊〉 in Bedfordshire near unto Woburn there is a kind of earth that turns wood into stone For proof whereof there was a woodden Ladder in the Monastery of Woburn that having lien a good while covered in that earth was digged forth again all stone Camb. Brit. p. 401. I have a peece of wood turned into stone by that earth In Kile in Scotland there is a Rock about twelve foot high and as much in breadth called the Deaf-Craig For though a man call never so loud or shoot off a Gun on the one side yet his fellow on the other side cannot hear the noise Description of Scotland In Argile there is a stone found in diverse places which being laid under straw or stubble doth set it on fire by reason of the great heat that it gathereth there Idem It is most strange yet true that the Arms of the Duke of Rohan in France which are Fusils or Lozenges are to bee seen in the wood and stones through all his Country so that if you break a stone in the middest or lopp a bough of a Tree you shall behold the grain thereof by some secret cause in nature Diamonded or streaked in the fashion of a Lozeng Camb. Brit. In VVarwick-shire the Armes of the Shugburies which are starres are found in the stones in their own Manour of Shugbury so that break the stone where you will and there is the exact fashion of a star in the end of it Idem I have some of these stones In the Kingdome of Fesse in Affrica there is a Mountain called Beniguazeval in the top whereof there is a Cave that casteth out fire perpetually Pur. Pil. v. 2. p. 807. In Prussia there is great store of Amber which groweth like Corall in a mountain of the North sea which is clean covered with water by the violence of the waves beating against this Rock the Amber is oft broken off and cast up by the sea into their Havens About Bever Castle in Lincoln-shire are found the stones called Astroites which resemble little stars joyned one with another wherein are to be seen at every Corner five beams or rayes and in the middest of every ray is to bee seen a small hollownesse Cam. Brit. Wee have Corral Amber Emeralds Calcedony Pearl Onix Sardonix Sardis Bezar Hemathist and the Turquoise from Arabia Indostan and Persia. Pearls Berils Saphires and Adamants from Zeilan Jasper Cornelion Agate Heliotrope Jacinth and Chrysolite from Malabar Nursinga and Cochin-china Diamonds from Borneo and Gulkunda Gold Silver Rubies Saphires Granats Topaz Emerald Smaradg Espinels Cats-eyes and Porcellane from Pegu Siam Bengala Sumatra Japan and China A strange report of a City in Barbary that is turned into stone They write from Barbary that a whole City consisting of men beasts trees houses Utensils c. are turned lately into stone every thing remaining in the same posture as children at their mothers breasts c. One Whiting Captain of an English ship who was a a slave there comming to the Duke of Florence told him of it having himself seen it whereupon the Duke holding fair correspondence with the Bassa of Tripolis wrote to him about it the Bassa by letter hath assured him of the truth of it and that himself was an eye witnesse of the same going to the place to see it and that it was done in few hours and hee hath sent the Duke diverse of thâ—se things petrified and amongst the rest some peeces of gold that are turned into stone This information Sir Kenelm
hound four teeth hanging out almost a span long like the tusk of a Boar and their nostrils are like a Calves Pur. Pil. v. 2. p. 1546. Upon the coasts of Brasile are often found Meer-Men which are like unto men of a good stature but that their eyes are very hollow Captain Richard VVhitburn in his description of Newfound-land writes that Anno Christi 1610. early in a morning as hee was standing by the water side in the harbour of St. Johns hee espied a strong Creature swimming very swiftly towards him like a woman looking chearfully upon him Her face eyes nose mouth chin ears neck and forehead were like a womans It was very beautiful and in those parts well proportioned having hair hanging down round about the head He seeing it come within a pikes length of him stepped back whereupon it dived under the water swimming to another place whereby hee beheld the shoulders and back down to the middle which was as square white and smooth as the back of a man from the middle to the hinder part it pointed in proportion like a broad hooked Arrow Afterwards it came to a Boat wherein some of his men were attempting to come in to them till one of them struck it a full blow upon the head Others of them saw it afterwards also About Brasile are many Meer-Men and Meer-VVomen that have long hair and are very beautiful They often catch the Indians as they are swimming imbracing them and kissing them and clasp them so hard that they crush them to death and when they perceive that they are dead they give some sighs as if they were sorry Pur. Pil. v. 4. p. 1315. There are also another sort of them that resemble Children and are no bigger that are no wayes hurtful Idem The Torpedo is a strange kind of fish which a man holding in his hand if it stir not it produceth no effect but if it move it self never so little it so torments the body of him that holds it that his arteries joints sinews and all his members feel exceeding great pain with a certain numness and as soon as he layeth it out of his hand all that pain and numnesse is gone also P. Pil. v. 2. p. 1183. See more of it afterwards In Sofala are many River-horses as big as two of our horses with thick and short hinder legs having five clawes on each fore-foot and four on the hinder the mouth is wide and full of teeth four of which are above two spans long a peece that two lower stand upright the two upper are turned like a Boars tush they live in the water but feed on the land upon grass they have teats wherewith they nourish their young ones Their Hides are thicker than an Oxes they are all of an ash colour gray with white strakes on their faces or white stars in their foreheads Idem p. 1544. In the mouth of the River of Goa there was taken a fish of the bigness of a Cur-Dog with a snout like an Hog small eyes no ears but two holes in stead thereof It had four feet like an Elephant the tail was flat but at the end round and somewhat sharp It snorted like a Hog the body head tail and legs were covered with broad scales as hard as Iron so that no weapon could peirce them when hee was beaten hee would rowle himself round like an Urchin and could by no strength bee opened till hee opened of his own accord Idem p. 1774. There are also toad-Toad-Fishes of about a span long painted having fair eyes when they are taken out of the water they snort and swell much their poison lies only in the skin and that being flaid off the Indians eat them Idem p. 1314. The Cuttle-Fish hath a hood alwayes full of black water like Ink which when shee is pursued by other fishes that would devoure her shee casts it forth which so darkens and soileth the water that shee thereby escapeth Idem There are a sort of fishes whose wonderful making magnifieth their Creator who for their safety hath given them sins which serve in stead of wings they are of such a delicate skin interlaced with fine bones as may cause admiration in the beholder These fishes are like to Pilchards only a little rounder and bigger they flye best with a side wind but longer than their wings are wet they cannot flye so that their longest flight is about a quarter of a mile The Dolphins and Bonitos do continually hunt after them to prey upon them whereupon for safety they take the air but then there is a Fowle called an Alcatrace much like a Hern which hovers in the air to seize upon them Incidit in Scyllam qui vult vitare Caribdim Out of the frying Pan into the fire as our Proverb hath it There is often a strange fight in the Sea between the VVhale and his enemies viz. The Swordfish and the Thresher The Swordfish is not great but strongly made and between his neck and shoulders he hath a bone like a Sword of about five inches broad and above three foot long full of prickles on either side The Thresher is a bigger fish whose tail is broad and thick and very weighty The fight is in this manner the Swordfish placeth himself under the belly of the VVhale and the Thresher above with his tail thresheth upon the head of the Whale till hee forceth him to give way which the Swordfish perceiving wounds him in the belly with the Sword and so forceth him to rise up again In this manner they torment him that the fight is sometimes heard above three leagues off the Whales roaring being heard much further his onely remedy in this case is to get to the shore which hee laboureth to do as soon as hee sees his enemys for then there can fight but one with him and for either of them hand to hand hee is too good Pur. Pil. v. 4. p. 1377. Mr. Herbert in his East-Indy voyage relates of a Shark taken by one of their men that was nine foot and an half in length and they found in her paunch fifty and five young ones each of them a foot in length all which go out and in at their pleasures Shee is armed with a double row of venemous teeth and is guided to her prey by a little Musculus or Pilot fish that scuds to and fro to bring intelligence the Shark for his kindnesse suffering it to suck when it pleaseth The Sea Tortoise is not much differing from those at land only her shell is flatter by overturning them they are easily taken being thereby dis-inabled either to sink or help themselves they taste waterish and cause Fluxes they superabound in eggs one of them having in her neer two thousand which eggs are pale and round and will never be made hard with boiling Herberts Travels p. 26. In the Indion sea is an Eagle-fish whose eyes are five quarters asunder from the end of one fin to the end of the