from Roan two from Vernon and one from the River Seyne It stands upon a little Hill in so agreeable a Place that the former Kings of France as Francis I. and Charles IX have delighted to make some stay at it Gainsborongh a large well built Market-Town in Lincolnshire in the Division of Lindsey and Hundred of Gartree upon the River Trent It is memorable for the Death of King Swaine or Sweno the Dane here by an unknown Hand stabbed It drives a considerable Trade and gives the Title of Earl to the Family of the Noels Gaino Gongo Gannum a City of Thrace upon the Propontis three German Miles from Rudisto to the South and twelve from Gallipoli to the North about nineteen South from Constantinople by Sea Gaiola Euploea a small Island upon the Coast of Terra di Lavoro between Naples and Puteoli Gaivo Gagecome a River of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia There is also a Town of the same Name Galata Gallita Calathe Galata an Island upon the Coast of Numidia almost opposite to the Bay of the same Name It lies over against Sardinia West of Tunis East of Algier or Argiers West of Cape Negro and is about ten Miles in Circumference Galata or Galatta Chrysoceras Cornu Byzantii a noble Suburb on the North of Constantinople towards the Black Sea which is strongly fortified to the North. This was first if not built yet beautified by the Genouese Mr. Wheeler our Country-man thus describes it Galata is situate saith he upon the South side of a considerable steep Hill setting out into a Promontory on the North side of the Harbour and comprehending the Suburbs on the East West and North sides of it it may be counted a good large City and very populous yet the Circumference of the Wall takes up no great space of ground but the Houses are thick and the Streets narrow and the whole very populous On the top of the Hill is a round spired Tower covered with Lead and on the Walls are some Arms and modern Inscriptions which belonged to the Genoese who before the taking of Constantinople were Masters of this Place It is more inhabited by Christians and Jews than by Turks Here is the Scale of the Merchants who have a good Kan covered with Lead for the Sale of their Woollen Cloaths and other Merchandize There are five Religious Houses of the Latin Christians established in this Place Otherwise called Pera See Pera. Galati Galata once a City now a Village in Sicily in the Valley of Demona twenty Miles from Patti South-West thirty five from Catania North-West Galatia is a Province of the Lesser Asia called by the ancient Geographers Gallo-Graecia from the Galls which are stiled Galatae by the Grecians who after the burning of Rome and laying Italy desolate went thither and possessed it making a mixture with the Grecians and the South Part of it was nam'd Galatia Salutaris This Province is bounded on the North by Paphlagonia sometimes taken for a Part of it on the East by Cappadocia on the South by Pisidia and Liaconia on the West by Phrygia Magna Bithynia and Asia properly so taken The Turks call this Province now Chiangare under whom it is The principal Cities are Ancyra which is even now in a more flourishing State than any of the rest and Pessinus This Colony of the Galls is said to have settled here under Brennus A. M. 3671. They were subdued by the Romans under Cn. Manlius Vulso in the year of the World 3760. 187 years before the Birth of our Saviour but not made a Roman Province till the year 3925. 23 years before Christ They were converted to Christianity by S. Paul who honoured them with an Epistle They did not fall into the Hands of the Mahometans till 1524. when Solyman the Magnificent took Alsbeg Prince of the Mountains of Armenia by Treachery and possessed himself of Cappadocia Armenia and Galatia Galaure Galabar a small River in the Dauphinate which falls into the Rhosne at S. Valerie six Miles beneath Vienne to the South Galazo Galesus Eurotas is a River which ariseth from the Appennine in the Province of Hydruntum La Terra di Otranto near Oria and running West falls into the Bay of Taranto five Miles South of Taranto but not taken notice of in our later Maps Gale a strong Town and Port in the Island of Zeilan in the East-Indies which the Hollanders have ravished from the Portuguese in whosetime it was a flourishing Place frequented by abundance of Vessels from Japan China the Islands of the Sound Malaca Bengala and other Eastern Parts though the Rocks about the Port render it very dangerous to enter without Pilots The Portuguese before they quitted it and the Siege together destroyed most of the Principal Buildings which are yet unbuilt Galera Gallera Gallora a Village and a River near Rome La Galevisse Ager Valicassi a Region upon the Marne a River of France Galfanacar Gichehis a Town in Mauritania Galgala See Meroe § Also a Village in Palestine in the Tribe of Benjamin on this side the River Jordan three Leagues from Jericho Now inhabited by Arabians and call'd Galgal by them A Place heretofore sanctified by a Number of admirable Actions and defam'd again by as many Idolatries S. Jerom in Ose The Circumcision of all that had been born in the Wilderness Joshua ordered to be performed here Galibes a Nation of Indians in Guiana along the River Courbo towards the North Sea in America bounded by the Rivers Suriname and Marauvini to the West and the River and Island of Cayenne to the East Other Maps place them in New Andalusia to the North of the River Orenoque Galicia Gallaecia is a Province of Spain called by the Natives Galizia by the Portuguese Galiza by the French Galice and by the Italians Galicia of a large Extent about fifty Leagues long and forty broad and once a Kingdom but now a Part of the Kingdom of Leon Bounded on the North and West by the Atlantick Ocean on the South by Portugal but parted from it by the River Douero and on the East by Asturia and the Kingdom of Leon. Compostella is the Capital of this Province Orensi Auria Baiona Corufia Lugo Mondoefiedo and Tuy are the other Cities and principal Places The Groyne or Coronna is the most famous of its Ports besides which it has forty others This Province is Mountainous enclined to Barrenness destitute of Water but abounding with Mines of Silver Gold Iron and well stored with Wood and good Wines it hath also great plenty of Cattle Game and excellent Horses The Iron they dig out of these Mountains is thought the best in the World especially for Edge-Tools nor are their Seas less stored with Fish This Country was never Conquered by the Moors though they at times made some Progress into it and after in 985. they had repelled Almanassor with the Loss of 70000 of his Moors they were never in any danger of Conquest from that
Brivodurum and Breviodurus Bricquia a Province in the lesser Asia formerly called Licia Bridgend a Market-Town in Glamorganshire in Wales in the Hundred of New-Castle Bridge-North a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesdon upon the Severn Heretofore fortified since demolished Bridlingtou or Burlington a small Town in the County of York where Mary Queen of England Landing from Holland February 22. 1642. was most barbarously treated by 4 Parliament Ships which a great while plaid with their Cannon on the Town and especially on that House in which the Queen was entertained bridge-Bridge-Water a Corporation in Somersetshire upon the South side of the River Parret which about five Miles further falls into the Irish Sea 13 Miles from Wells to the West and 23 from Bristol to the South-West It was a great and a populous Town as Mr. Camden saith but suffered very much in the old Rebellion by the Scots July 23. 1645. And on Sunday July 5. 1685. the late Duke of Monmouth Natural Son to Charles II. of ever blessed Memory was entirely defeated being then in Rebellion against K. James II. upon a Moor near this place by the Providence of God and the Courage of the Earl of Feversham who the same day marched to Bridge-Water the Rebels having before his coming deserted it and dispers'd themselves The greatest Honor this Town has is to give the Title of an Earl to the Right Honourable John Egerton whose Father was created Earl of Bridge-VVater May 17. 1617. in the 5th Year of James I. being the Son and Heir of Thomas Egerton Lord Chancellor of England who was created Baron of Ellesmere in 1603 and Viscount Brackley in 1616. Bridport a Market-Town in Dorsetshire The Capital of its Hundred 2 Miles from the Sea to which it had formerly a very good Haven This Town was famous in the time of K. Edward the Confessour It sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament Brie a Country part within the Government of the Isle of France and part in the Province of Champagne betwixt the Rivers Seine and Marne Meaux sur Marne is the Capital Town of it It is very fruitful In Latin call'd Bria Brigeium and Brigiensis saltus Brie-Compte-Robert a Town in the Country precedent upon the River Iere four or five Leagues from Paris Brieg Brega a Town upon the Oder in Silesia in Germany betwixt Oppelen and Breslaw The same is the Capital of the Dutchy of Brieg Brienne a small Town in Champagne in France upon the River Aube with the Title of an Earldom near Troyes between Bar-sur-Aube and Planci This Place gives Name to the antient House of Brienne Brighthelmston a Market-Town in Sussex in Lewis-Rape by the Sea Side Brignoville Brinnonia Brinnola a Town and Bailywick in Provence in France near the River Caramie Understood by some to be the Forum Veconii by others the Matavonium of the Antients Charles V. the Emperor took it in 1536. The Leaguers surprized it in 1589. Brille or Briel a Town and Port of Holland in a good Soil but a gross Air at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Meuse in a small Island of this Name It was surprized by the Dutch in 1572. by the help of the Succors obtained from Queen Elizabeth And this Action was as the first Foundation of the Commonwealth of Holland Brin Eburum Arsicua Brinum Brina a City of Moravia seated upon the River Zwitta where it falls into that of Swarta 7 German Miles South of Olmitz This was the only place which in 1645. and 1646. held out for the Emperour against the Swedes in all Moravia when being besieg'd it broke the Swedish Army and forc'd them to rise call'd by some Bruna written Brenne also Brindisi Brundusium is an Archiepiscopal City in the Kingdom of Naples which has a strong Castle and a safe Harbour at the mouth of the Gulph of Venice 36 Miles from Tarento to the East Pompey retired hither after his overthrow in the Year of Rome 705. and was obliged to leave the place again because Caesar pursued him In the Year 735. the incomparable Virgil died here that is about 19 years before the coming of our Saviour It has been several times ruin'd and repair'd Brioude Brivas Vicus Briatensis a great and antient Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the Allier The Emperour Avitus was buried in the Church of S. Julianus here The Chapter takes the Title of Earls of Brioude being in the first institution Knights Confederated to make War against the Normans in the Year 898. § 2 Leagues from this place stands Brioude la Vieille upon the same River where there is a Bridge to cover it compos'd of one Arch so extraordinary long and high as scarce to have its parallel in Europe Briqueras or Briquerasco Briquerascum a considerable Town in the Principality of Piedmont 4 or 5 Leagues from Pignerol with a Castle Taken by the Sieur de Lesdiguieres in 1592. and retaken by Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy in 1594. Also famous in the Wars of Piedmont in the years 1629. 30. and 31. Brisach Brisacus Mons a City with a very strong Castle in the Territory of Brisgow in Alsatia with a Stone Bridge upon the Rhine 6 German Miles from Basil to the North and 7 from Strasburg and a from Colmar It was a Free Imperial City till 1330. when it was exempted and given to the House of Austria call'd therefore the Key of Germany the Cittadel of Alsatia and the Pillow on which the House of Austria slept with security In 1633. Gustavus Horne a Swede besieg'd it vain but in 1638. it was taken by the French under the command of the Duke of Weimar who are still in Possession of it their Title being confirm'd by the Treaty of Westphalia or Munster in 1648. and afterwards by the Treaty of the Pirenees in 1659. Brisag or Brisiaco a Town under the Grisons upon the Lake Majour in Italy between Locarna Canobia and Domo Brisgow Brisgovia is a Province of Germany lying on the East of the Rhine and the West of Wirtenburg and on the South clos'd with the Canton of Basil The principal place is Friburg This Province is in part under the House of Austria and in part under the French Brisach which was once its Capital being under the latter but the greatest part under the former The Prince of Conde obtain'd a Victory here in 1644. when General Merci was kill'd Brissach a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the River Aubance below Saumur It gives the Title of a Duke Bristoll Bristolium Venta Belgarum Venta Silurum is a noble City in the County of Somerset upon the River Avon which runs through the midst of it and so part of it stands in Glocestershire but then it is a County of itself and belongs to neither of them It is a neat strong clean populous rich well traded City and after London and York the Third principal Place of England the Inhabitants of this City Trading
dammed up by Time the Lakes also to the West which were designed to receive the Waters in times of great Inundations are filled up by the Mud and Sand brought down by the River However that Branch that runs to Cufa never comes to any Sea but is lost in the Sands of Arabia and has turned the fruitful Plains of Babylon into a mere Morass or Bogg unpassable uninhabitable This is the sum of what Mr. Bochart has related more at large Both Pliny and Strabo agree that it yearly overflows as the Nile does and much about the same time which Inundation has the same effect as to the sertility of Mesopotamia that the overflowing of the Nile has upon Egypt M. Thevenot who crossed it at Bi r saith it is in Semur not bigger than the Seine at Paris though its Bed is twice as big The Waters of it run very slowly and are Navigable as far as to the place where it joins the Tigris Evisse See Ivica Evora Ebora is a very considerable City in Portugal in Alentejo a Province of that Kingdom beyond the Tagus Taio twenty Miles from Lisbon to the South-East Long. 09. 00. Lat. 38. 11. This was anciently a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Merida and afterward of Compostella But Pope Paul III. at the desire of John III. King of Portugal in 1540. raised it to the Honor of a Metropolis and Henry the first Archbishop who of a Cardinal became King of Portugal made it an University There is a Court of Inquisition kept here Evora Monte a small Place five Leagues from the former Evora to the North-East where the Portuguese gave the Spaniards a great overthrow in 1663. Eure Ebura Autura a River of France sometimes called Yeure It ariseth in la Perche in the Wood Logni and running Eastward through Beausse it watereth Chartres turning Northward Nogent le Roy Dreux Jury famous for the Victory of Henry IV. over the Leaguers in 1590. Passy Eureux at last it entereth the Seine at Ponte de P'arche ten Miles above Caudebec The rich and fruitful Valley D'Eure has its Name from this River and also Eureux in Normandy and from one of these three the Noble FAmily of d'Eureux lately Earls of Essex now Viscounts of Hereford take their Names § Eure a River in Berry See Aure. Eureux Ebroica Eburonicum Mediolanum Aulâ—rcorum a City in Vpper Normandy upon the River Iton which afterwards falls into the Eure and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rouen Beautified with a great number of Churches and Monasteries It is a place of good Antiquity and a delightful Situation heretofore subject to Counts of its own who ceded it to King Philip the August in the year 1200. Charles IX King of France erected it into a Dukedom in 1569. See Eure. Euripus called by the Ancient Latins Euripus Euboicus and Chalcidicus by the Italians Stretto di Negroponte by the Inhabitants now Egripos is a Canal of the Aegean Sea betwixt the Region of Boeotia in Achaia and the Island of Negropont so narrow in the narrowest passage as to be covered with a Draw-Bridge of five Arches And here the inconstancy of its Flux and Reflux appears the most visibly that is whereas for eighteen or nineteen days in every Moon Winter and Summer in all Weathers it regularly ebbs and flows twice in twenty four or twenty five hours with the Ocean and the Gulph of Venice it most irregularly ebbs and flows for other eleven days in every Moon 11 12 13 14. times in the same compass of twenty four or twenty five hours See Negroponte The Bridge is defended by a Castle built by the Venetians Europe Europa is the least but most celebrated of the four general parts of the World as to Arts Commerce Religion Government and War It was the Prediction of Noah the second Founder of Mankind that Japhet the Father of the Europeans should dwell in the Tents of Shem. And although the first Church and the two first General Monarchies fell to the share of Shem's Posterity yet the two last and the best and noblest state of the Church fell to the Japhets by which that ancient Oracle was fulfilled At this day whilst the Posterity of Shem the Asiaticks lie buried in Ignorance Slavery and Superstition the Posterity of Japhet is innobled the chiefest and the best Empires the best Religion Learning and Arts adorn the Tents or dwelling of Japhet whilst the Ships of Chittim afflict Eber and Asher not only to Trade but to Ride Sovereigns in their Seas and afflict them more by the Envy of their Wealth and Riches than by their Power and Martial Valor though they have felt that too Europe is bounded on the East by Asia on the North by the Frozen Sea on the West by the Atlantick and on the South by the Mediterranean The only difficulty is in stating the Eastern Bounds beginning therefore at the South where the Bounds are plainer it is agreed that the Archipelago the Black Sea or Euxine the Palus Moeotis or Eastern Bay of Crim Tartary called by the French la Mer de Zabacche the Tanais now the Don the Wolga the Rooswa the Tofda and the vast River of Obb are the truest Bounds on the Eastern side In those vast Countries of Tartary and Russia scarce at all known to the Ancients though the Tanais the Wolga as far as its Course is North and South and the Obb are the best and most visible Bounds yet there is a great distance between the Tanais and the Wolga and a much greater between the Wolga and the Obb but between the Rooswa and the Tofda very little but in this every Man must be left at liberty Europe is now divided into the Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland Bohemia Bulgaria Denmark France Germany Greece Holland or the Low Countries Hungary Italy Moscovy or Russia Poland Portugal Savoy Spain Sweden Switzerland Tartary the Turkish Empire the State of Venice and some few considerable Islands depending upon these In length from Cape S. Vincent in Spain to the Mouth of the River Obb one thousand three hundred English Miles or nine hundred German from Cape Matapan in the Morea to the North Cape in Finmark eight hundred and fifty or five hundred and fifty German Miles as Braudand reckons it lying between 34. and 72. deg of Lat. and betwixt 9. and 93. or 94. of Long. This Country is called by the Europeans Europe by the Turks Rumeli and Al-Franck and by the Georgians Franckistan Eurotas See Iris. § It is also the ancient Name of a River of Thessalia said by Homer Strabo and Pliny to glide upon the Top of the River Peneus to which it runs without mixing of Waters Eurymedon a River of Pamphylia in Asia Minor memorable for the Victory obtained by Simon the Son of Miltiades over the Persians upon the Banks of it An. Romae 284. Euston a small Town in the County of Suffolk upon the Banks of the little
a Mountain of Mauritania Caesarienfis now the Kingdom of Algier in Barbary Guarda Guardia a City of Portugal in the Province of Beira which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Lisbon between Cauria Coria and Limago fourteen Miles from either eleven from Viseu The See was translated hither from the Igadita of the Ancients which had been a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Braga Guardaâ—u and Guardafuni Aromata a City and Promontory in Aethopia at the Entrance of the Red-Sea where the most Eastern Part of the Kingdom of Adel now is over against Arabia Foelix and the Isle of Zocotora This is the most Eastern Cape of all the Continent of Africa Guardia Siga a Town in the Kingdom of Algier Guardia Sela a River on the West of the Morea now Sellei over against Zant. Guardia Alferes or Aifenes Guardia Alferia an Episcopal City in the County of Molise in the Kingdom of Naples The See is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Benevento Guardiano Lotoa Letoia an Island in the Ionian Sea on the South of Candia or Crete Guargala a Kingdom in Biledulgerida between Gademessa to the East and Tegortina to the West towards the Mountains of Zahara Guascogna See Gascoigne Guastalla Guardastallum Vastalla Guastalla a Town upon the Po in Lombardy in the States of the Duke of Mantoua at which Pope Paschal II. celebrated a Council in 1106. It has the Honor to give the Title of a Duke Guatimala a large Government and Province in New Spain The principal City of which being of the same Name S. Jago de Guatimala is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mexico The feat of the Parliament and in 1628. by Philip IV. made an University This City was built in 1524. in a Valley near the River Matataia not far from a burning Mountain from whence there issued such a Deluge of Fire Water and Stones in 1541. as overturned a great part of the Houses in it thirteen Spanish Leagues from the South Sea three hundred from Mexico to the South-East The Government of Guatimala reaches from the Province of Chiapa as far as to the Streights of Panama including in that extent the Provinces of Vera-Paz Soconusco Guatimala properly so called of which S. Jago aforesaid is the Capital Honduras Nicaragua Costa ricca and Veragua In the Indian Language it is Quatuemallac There is plenty of Corn Cotton Maze and good Pastourage of Hills Forrests and Rivers but the Air not commended for Healthfulness and they make Salt with great Difficulty Guattaro Battarus a River in the Isle of Corsica Guaxaca a Province in New Spain in the North America the Capital whereof is Antequera It lies betwixt the two North and South Seas with the Provinces of Tlascala to the West and Chiapa to the East enjoying a healthy Climate and yielding plenty of Corn Maze Cacao Cochineal Silk Fruits with Mines of Gold c. There are about three hundred and fifty Borough Town and as many Villages an hundred and sixty Convents and divers Ecclesiastical Colleges established in it Ferdinand Cortez made the Conquest of it to whom the Valley of Guaxaca gave the Title of Marquiss del Valle. Guayaquil a Sea-Port Town in the North of Peru upon the Pacifick Ocean or South Sea which has a large Haven and lies over against the Isle of Puna the River that washeth it is called by the same Name Gubel-Haman a Sultany or petty Kingdom in Arabia Foelix towards the Arabian Sea near Fartach with a City of the same Name Guben a strong Town well fortified in the Lower Lusatia in Germany upon the River Neisse It is one of the principal Places in the Province of Lusatia Guber a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa between Guiana to the South the River Niger to the North and the Lake of Guardia to the East with a City its Capital of the same Name It is a well peopled Country and the Kings of it are absolute Gubio or Gubbio Eugubium a small City in the State of the Church in the Dukedom of Vrbino which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vrbino but exempt from his Jurisdiction It stands at the Foot of the Apennine near the Fountains of the River Chiasâ—us in the Confines of the Marquisate of Anconitana twenty six Miles from Vrbino to the South and sixty from Ancona to the West called Eugubio in the later Maps Gucheu a great City and Territory in the Province of Quangsi in China extending their Jurisdiction over nine other Cities It is one of the Keys of the Province and being seated at the Confluence of divers Rivers with the Takiang has made it self a famous Place for Commerce Out of the Mountains in this Territory they draw Vermiglion Gueguere See Meroiâ— Gueiheoi one of the principal Cities of the Province of Honan in the North-East of the Kingdom of China Guelderland See Gelderlandt Guenga a River in India within Ganges which ariseth in the Kingdom of Decam towards Mount Gata and flowing through the Kingdom of Orixia disburthens it self into the Bay of Bengala It is called by the Portuguese Ganga Guerande a City of Brétagne in France in the County of Nantes towards the Shoars of the Bay of Aquitain between the Mouth of the Loyre and Vdaine where are great Works for the making Salt It stands fourteen Miles from Nantes to the West and was once called Aula Quiriaca Guerba a River of Spain Gueret Gueretum a City of France in la Marche the Vpper whereof it is the Capital upon the River Cruse twelve Leagues from Limoges to the East and twenty two from Bourbon to the West others write it Garactum Gueser Seleucia the same with Bagdat Guetaria Menosea a Town in Guipuscoa Gueta Opta a City in New Castile seated in a Plain twenty Miles from Toledo Guharan See Oran which is the same Guiana Guiania a large Country in South America sometimes written Guaiana it is bounded on the East and North by the Atlantick Ocean or the North Sea on the West by the Terra Firma on the South by Brasil and the Lake of Parimao This Country has for thirty Years last past been inhabited by the English Dutch and French The two Nations of the Indians called Caribes and Galibes besides others possess nevertheless the far greatest part of it who used to War formerly with Arms all made of Gold of which this Country afforded such abundance that the Spaniards at the first gave it the name of El Dorado Guie Guetta Gutta a River in Burgundy Guienne Aquitania in Pliny Aremorica a Province and Dukedom in France bounded on the North with Xaintoigne from which it is parted by the River Dordonne on the South with Gascoigne on the East with Perigort and on the West with the Aquitanick Ocean from the Pyrenean Hills to the River of Bourdeaux This Country is fruitful in Corn and Wine the first of which is usually transported into Spain and the latter into the Northern Countries The People are
it is a low Marshy or Hollow Soil and much over-spread with Waters It is great too and very fruitful having on the North the Zuider Sea on the West the German Ocean on the South Zealand and Brabant and on the East Vtrecht Guelderland and a part of the Zuider About sixty Leagues in Circuit therein containing twenty nine walled Towns besides others heretofore walled which enjoy the same privileges with those that are and four hundred Villages eighteen of the principal Towns have Seats in the Assemblies of the States General to wit Dort Haerlem Delft Leyden Amsterdam Goude Rotterdam Gorcum Schiedam Schoonhoven Briel Alcmaer Hoorne Enchuysen Edam Monnikendam Medenblik and Purmerend Yet the diameter of this Province may be traversed in six hours In former times it was more extended towards the East of Nimeguen it s District being then a part of Holland The Batavi a Warlike Nation possessed the greatest part of this Country in the times of the Roman Empire who were conquered by Julius Caesar with the rest of the Galls of whom this was then thought a part After the Roman Empire was overthrown in the West this Province being almost dispeopled by the Inroads of the Norman Pyrats was given by Charles the Bald to Thierrie or Theodorick a Prince of Aquitain Son of Sigebert about 863. with the Title of a Count or Earl his Posterity enjoyed it till 1206. in seventeen Descents when it passed to the Earls of Hainault in which Family it continued till 1417. and then it passed by the Surrender of Jaqueline Countess of Hainaule and Holland to Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy and so to the Spaniards When Philip II. treated this Free People ill they revolted and in 1572. submitted to VVilliam of Nassau Prince of Orange and in 1581. declared King Philip to have forfeited all his Sovereignty and having leagued themselves with their Neighbour States they defended themselves so well against that Prince by the assistance of Queen Elizabeth that at last they forced the Spaniards to acknowledge them a Free State And though the French King Lewis XIV by a sudden Surprize brought them very low in the year 1672. yet the next year they forced him to withdraw his Garrisons and recovered every inch of Ground from him The Prince of Orange though a Child in Age out-doing by the blessing of Heaven the oldest States-men and the most experienced Generals In the East-Indies the Hollanders are the Sovereign Governours of the Coast of Coromandel the Islands of Amboine Banda Ternate Ceylon and the City of Malaca part of the Islands of Sumatra and Celebes and divers places upon the Coast of Malabar § They have also given the Name of New Holland to a Region of the Terra Australis by them discovered in 1644. to the South of New Guiney and the Moluccaes To a Territory of Moscovia near the Streights of VVeigats by them named the the Streights of Nassaw upon the North Sea And lastly to a Country in the North America upon the Canadian Ocean betwixt Virginia and New France South-West of New England and East of the Irâ—quois in Canada But this latter has been been in the hands of the English since 1665. Holdenby a Castle belonging to the Crown in Northamptonshire where King Charles the Martyr was kept a Prisoner by the Parliamentarians from Feb. 17. 1646. to June 4. 1647. when by Cornet Joyce one of the Officers of the Rebels he was carried to Childersley and thence to Newmarket Here that afflicted Prince had leisure to compose that excellent Piece after his death Printed under the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which contributed more to the Re-establishment of his Children and the Reviving his oppressed Honour than all the Armies and Forces in the World could have done Holderness the most South-Eastern Promontory or Cape in Yorkshire called Ocellum by Ptolemy It lies North of Saltfleet a Town in Lincolnshire and shoots it self forth into the Sea a great way There are divers Towns in it King James I. created John Ramsey Viscount Hardington in Scotland Earl of this Place and Baron of Kingston upon Thames Anno 1620. The late Prince Rupert bore the same Title by the Creation of King Charles I. in 1643. which is now enjoyed by Conyers D' Arcie the present Earl of Holderness of the Creation of King Charles II. La Hougst Vast or Port de la Hogue Oga or Ogasti Vedasti a Haven or Sea-Port-Town in the Territory of Coutances in Normandy ten Miles from Bayeux to the West and sixteen from Caen to the same Holstein Holsatia that is as the Name signifies in the German Tongue the Hollow Stone or Rock or rather a Country overgrown with Woods and Forests as Holt signifies in the German Tongue is a Dukedom of great extent in the Lower Saxony in Germany though often comprehended in the Kingdom of Denmark because a part of it is subject to that Crown It was anciently a part of the Chersonesus Cimbrica bounded on the North by the Dukedom of Sleswick or South-Jutland on the West with the German Ocean on the East with the Baltick Sea and on the South with the Dukedoms of Bremen and Lunenburgh separated from it by the Elbe It is divided into four parts Dithmarsen Holstein Stormaren and VVageron The principal Cities in it are Lubeck and Hamburgh which are Hanse-Towns or Imperial Free Cities besides which there are Kiel and Rensburg in Holstein Krempend and Gluckstad in Stormaren Part of this Dukedom is under the King of Denmark and part of it under the Duke of Holstein The ancient Inhabitants were the Saxons our Ancestors who about 449. began the Conquest of Britain which perhaps were but some Tribes of the Cimbrians The rest which remained in Germany were conquered with the Saxons by Charles the Great and continued under the Empire till 1114. when Lotharius the Emperour gave Holst or Holstein properly so called to Adolf of Schaumburgh with the Title of Earl of Holstein whose Posterity enjoyed it till 1459. in eleven Descents when Christiern of Oldenburgh King of Denmark Sweden and Norway Son of Theodorick Earl of Oldenburgh and of Hedvigis Sister of Henry and Adolph the two last Earls of Holstein succeeded in the Earldom of Holstein The present Dukes of Holstein are descended from Christiern II. King of Denmark who died in 1533. From Christian III. one of his Sons are descended the Dukes of Holstein Regalis from Adolph another Son are derived the Dukes of Holstein Gottorp But this Work will not permit me to pursue these Lines any further Holt a Market Town in the County of Norfolk The Capital of its hundred Holy Island a small Island upon the Coast of the County of Northumberland not far from Berwick in which there is one Town with a Church and Castle and a good haven defended by a Block-house The Air and Soil not very grateful yet well accommodated with Fish and Fowl It s ancient Name was Lindisfarne a famous Episcopal
and a handsom Place with a Castle seated on an Hill which overlooks two large Valleys to the North and South and hath a fair Prospect of many Hills and Castles but being commanded by another Hill not far from it it is neglected tho we find that it hath endured a strong Siege For whilst the Emperor Frederick was receiving the Crown at Aken his Brother Albertus and Count Vlrick took the advantage to besiege it but it made so good a resistance that the Emperor had time to raise the Siege and destroy the Army Labathlan Commercium a Village not above one Mile from Gran in the Lower Hungary found out by an Inscription Labe the Elbe See Elbe Labirinto Dicte Dictaeus a Mountain in Crete or Candia which lies in the Eastern part of the Island and is much celebrated by the ancient Poets on the account of Jove's being brought up here now also called Lassiti and Il Monte di Setia Labus Athres a River in the European Scythia Lacari Libnius a River of Ireland Baudrand makes it the Lisly which falls into the Irish Sea near Dublin Lacedaemon See Misitra Lacedogna Aquilonia Laquedonia Erdonia a City of the Kingdom of Naples called also Cedogna It is seated at the foot of the Apennine in a Plain in the Principatus Vlterior in the borders of Puglia and though half ruined and that which is standing but meanly inhabited yet it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Conza Lacerea Labedus a City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia Lacha Olympus a Mountain of Thessalia Lachish an antient City of Palestine in the tribe of Juda memorable for the proud Embassy of Sennacherib King of Assyria to Hezekiah King of Judah sent from hence and the destruction of 185000 of Sennacherib's Men in one night by an Angel soon after 2 Kings 18. 17. and 19. 35. Laconia the same with the modern Sacania Lacosichia Pieria a pleasant and much celebrated place in Thessalia in Macedonia at the entrance of the Gulph of Thessalonica Ladenburg or Ladebourg Ladenburgum a Town in the Palatinate of the Rhine upon the River Necker part of which is under the Bishop of Worms who resides in the Castle of this Town and the other part under the Elector Palatine to whom it was mortgaged by a Bishop of Worms in 1371. It stands two Miles from Heidelburg to the West and having suffered much in the late Swedish Wars is now in some degree repaired Ladi Cyrrhus a River of Albania in Asia supposed to be the same with Cyrus now called Cur or El-car Ser and Chiur tho by Ptolemy distinguished from it This River falls into the Caspian Sea having passed through Georgia Ladog Rubricatus one of the principal Rivers in Barbary it falls into the Mediterranean Sea through the Kingdom of Tunis See Jadog Ladoga a vast Lake which is thought to be the biggest in all Europe called by the Russ Ladesko Ozero It lies between Kelholm or Kexholm a Province belonging to the Swedes to the West and Kargapol a Province of Moscovy to the East thirty six German Miles long and twenty broad abounding with Fish to that degree that it has enriched Kexholm with the Fishery of Salmons The Russ are Masters of about a fifth part of it the rest is possessed by the Swedes this Lake receives besides a vast number of Rivers the Waters of the Lake of Onega which lies about sixty English Miles from it to the East and is not much less than it it transmits all these Waters into the Bay of Finland by the River of Spasco a Passage of about eleven German Miles Laestrigones an ancient People of Latium mentioned in Ovid and Horace Lagenia See Leinster Laghi Laghium perhaps Laasa a City of Arabia Foelix on the South side nine German Miles from Aden to the East and twenty five from Cape Babelmandel to the South-East It is under a Prince of its own and lies in Long. 81. 05. Lat. 15. 00. Laghlyn Laglinia once a City now a Village in the Province of Leinster in the County of Catherlagh upon the River Barrow six English Miles from Catherlagh to the South The Episcopal See which it had is united with that of Fernes Lagny Laciniacum a Town in the Province of Brie in France upon the Marne six Leagues from Paris which hath the honour of the title of an Earldom There is a Benedictine Abbey in it said to be founded by S. Foursye a Scotch-man in the seventh Century and tho the Normans ruined it in the ninth it found Benefactors again to repair and endow it In 1142. a Council was celebrated here In 1590. the Duke of Parma having first obliged Henry le Grand K. of France to raise the Siege of Paris took this Town by a sudden assault and laid it in ruins Lago Lac Lagus a Lake or Collection of Waters surrounded on all sides by the Land to distinguish it from a Bay or Arm of the Sea There is a vast number of these in all parts of the Earth serving for Cisterns to preserve Water and to restrain the Course of Rivers which would otherwise be too rapid for humane uses Il Lago Maggiore See Lang see Lagos Lacobriga a small City in Algarva in Spain which has a Castle and a Harbor upon the Ocean It lies in Long. 09. 00. Lat. 36. 36. five Miles from Cape S. Vincent to the East and is under the King of Portugal Lagosta Lastovo Ladesta Ladestris Lastobon Landestina an Island on the Coast of Dalmatia in the Adriatick Sea under the States of Venice near Curzola Lagune di Venetia a part of the Adriatick Sea called Gallicae paludes Septem maria Stagna Hadriatica in which the City of Venice stands built upon a great number of Rocks and small Islands which are separated one from another by the Waves of the Sea Lagusta Celadussa Celadusa an Island on the Coast of Dalmatia near Curzola on the East five Miles from Ragusa to the West under the Venetians Laholm a Town of Halland a Province of Sweden seated upon the Baltick Sea in the Consines of Scania seven Swedish Miles from Helmstad to the South and six from Elsingburg to the North-East It has a Harbor and a Castle and was fortified by the Danes whilst it was in their hands but notwithstanding often taken and retaken in their Wars till at last the Swedes held it with the Province in which it stands Lahor Lahorium Bucephala a City of the East-Indies which is also called Pengeab It is seated upon the River Ravi one hundred and eighty Miles from Multan to the East three hundred and sixty from Agra to the North in Lat. 31. 50. as M. Thevenot states it This River falls into the Indus at Luckar The name of Pengeab is given to this Province and City by the Moguls who are Lords of it and signifies in their Tongue the Five Rivers This was anciently the common Residence of the Moguls and then in a much more flourishing Condition than
Heydelberg to the South and six from Spire This belongs now to the Family of Durlach but was heretofore under the Duke of Wurtembergh Pharia See Lesina â—haris an ancient City of Laconia in the Peloponnesus where there stood in the times of the Heathens an Oraculous Statue of Mercury much consulted and admired together with another of the Goddess Vesta Pharmacusa a small Island of the Aegean Sea towards the Province of Ionia in Asia the Less now called Fermaco Julius Caesar here fell into the hands of Pyrates and Attalus a King of Pergamus was killed Pharos a small Island at the Entrance of the Port of Alexandria in Egypt about a Mile distant from Alexandria to which it is now connected by a long Bank Alexander the Great not succeeding in his Attempt to build a City here because of the streightness of the Place thereupon founded Alexandria upon the Continent over against it But it became afterwards extraordinarily famous by the Light Tower erected upon it in the year of Rome 470. and the 124. Olymp. by Ptolemeus Philadelphus King of Egypt A Tower of so prodigious a Mass and Structure of the Contrivance of the great Architect Sostratus Cnidius as to be esteemed one of the Wonders of the World Ptolemy bestowed eight hundred Talents in the building of it Statius mentions it with the Elogium of Lumina Noctivagae tollit Pharos aemula Lunae It gave Light into the Sea a very great space Was dedicated in an Inscription to the Gods the Conservators of Sailors and all the like Light Towers since have been called Phari from it Pharsalus See Farsa above Only let it be added that this City since Christianity was first a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Larissa and afterwards an Archbishop's under the Patriarch of Constantinople Phaselis See Fionda Phasis a River of the Province of Mengrelia in Georgia It ariseth from a part of the Mountain Caucasus and passing by Cotatis the Capital of the Kingdom of Imiretta and the City Phasis in Mengrelia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Trebisonda it runs to discharge it self into the Black Sea where its Mouth is above half a League in breadth and sixty Fathom depth Upon this River Amurath III. his Fleet of Galleys employed to make a Conquest of the North and East Coasts of the Black Sea was surprized and defeated by the King of Imiretta Towards the Mouth of it stand divers agreeable little Islands covered with Wood. The principal of them had a Fortress built upon it by the Turks in 1578 which in 1640. the King of Imiretta assisted with the Princes of Mengrelia and Guriel took and demolished carrying away thence twenty five Pieces of Cannon to Cotatis The antient Historians speak of a Temple dedicated to the Goddess Rhea upon an Island of the Phasis But we see no remains thereof at this day as neither of the City Sebaste placed at the mouth of the Phasis by the antient Geographers In the beginning of this Rivers course it is very impetuous but having gained the Plain it runs so smoothly and its Waters are so light that they swim it s said above the Euxine for some considerable Space Now called Fachs and Fasso Phazzeth Phasis the Capital of Mengrelia a City of great antiquity mentioned by Pliny and Strabo It stands upon the Euxine Sea at the Mouth of a River of the same name and was heretofore a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Trebesonde Sir John Chardin who entered this River and took great pains to find this City could not find the least remainder or token of the City he saith the Channel of the River is at its fall into the Sea a Mile and half broad and sixty Fathom deep called by the Turks Fachs by the Mengrelians Rione and that it ariseth out of Mount Caucasus See Phasis Pheneum an ancient City of Arcadia in the Peloponnesus at the foot of the Mountain Cyllene which heretofore disputed the Preheminence with Tegea the Capital of the Country It stood near a Lake of the same name the different Qualities whereof in the Night and in the Day are thus described by Ovid Metham 15. Est locus Arcadiae Pheneum dixere priores Ambiguis suspectus aquis has nocte timeto Nocte nocent potae sine noxa luce bibuntur Phictiaid Picti the most ancient Inhabitants of Scotland who lived in that Kingdom when the Romans Conquered Britain and by their Inroads upon the Britains after the Romans withdrew occasioned the calling in the Saxons See Picti Phidari Euenus a River of Aetolia which riseth out of Mount Callidromus and pursues its course Southward to the Ionian Sea which it entereth not far from the Gulph of Corinth or Lepanto Philadelphia See Filadelphia in Lydia § The Antients mention a second in Cilicia a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia and a third in Coelesyria a Bishops See likewise under the Archb. of Bussereth But there have been Alterations in those Sees in following times The latter Place according to S. Jerom should be the same with the Hebrew Rabath or the modern Petra in the Stony Arabia Civtad del Re Philippe a Town built by the Spaniards in 1585. in South America purposely to preclude the passage into the Streights of Magellan from the English and Dutch Since ruined by the Indians and the place called Porto Famine Philippeville a Town in Hainault of great strength fortified by Mary Queen of Hungary Governess of the Low Countries in 1555 and so named from Philip II. King of Spain by the Pyrenean Treaty in 1660. granted to the French It stands thirteen Miles from Brussels seven from Namur and ten from Mons. The Philippine Islands Philippinae called also the Islands of Lusson and les Manilhes from the principal of them are a knot of Islands belonging to Asia which took this name from Philip II King of Spain in whose times in 1549. they were viewed and carefully observed by Ruy Lupo a Spaniard Some apprehend them to be the Barussae of Ptolemy In 1564. Michael Lupo another Spaniard was sent to people and reduce them They lie between China to the North and the Molucco Islands to the South between thirteen and fourteen degr of Northern Latitude The exact number of them is not known but they are supposed to be above ten thousand the greatest of them is Manilia or Luconia The Spaniards were once Masters of the greatest part of these Islands and built some considerable Cities in them but their Affairs growing less prosperous in Europe and the Dutch East-India Company having ruined their Trade here many of them have defected from the Spaniards who have been forced to leave others so that they do with some difficulty keep their possession in the Island of Manilia the greatest and most Northern of them the Seat of the Governour and a Bishop These Islands were at first subject to the King of China who abandoned them about 1520. First discovered by Ferdinando Magellanes
entered upon the See by the Regal Authority against the Consent of the Metropolitan and the Bishops of the Province which Decree drew upon the Authors of it a fevere Prâ—secution from the Crown Saintonge or Xaintonge Santonia a great and fruitful Province of France bounded on the North by Poictou on the East by Angoumois on the South by the Garonne which separates it from Guienne and on the West by the Bay of Aquitain This was the Seat of the Santones an ancient Nation of the Galls its Capital is Saintes the other Cities of Note are Brouges S. Jean de Angely and Taillebourg The Rivers Garonne Charante Seudre c. water it They make great quantities of Salt in this Province The Romans had their Colonies in it who often deride the short Cloaks or Gowns worn by the ancient Gauls here as Martial Gallia Santonico vestit te Bardocucullo Cercopithecorum penula nuper erat The same habit towards the Sea Coasts is in use with the common People to this day This Province fell to the Crown of England together with Gascoigne Guienne c. by the Marriage of Eleanor of Guienne with K. Henry II. of England Sala the same with Saal Salado Salsum a River of Spain in Anddlusia called Guadajox which between Sivil and Corduba falls into the Guadalquivir Salamanca Salmantica a City in Spain called Vrbs Vettonum by Ptolemy and perhaps the same with Polybius his Elmantica it stands in the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Tormes a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella and an University founded by Alfonsus IX King of Leon in the year 1200 which is one of the most considerable in that Kingdom adorned with noble Schools and a large Library About ten Leagues from Zamora to the South fourteen from the Borders of Portugal to the East and two and twenty from Valladolid to the South-West upon several Hills in a very unequal Situation of a small circuit ill built worse repaired most of the Houses being falling down and besides its Churches Monasteries and Colleges has nothing that deserves Regard Long. 14. 45. Lat. 41. 15. Salamis Salamine an ancient Archiepiscopal City in the Island of Cyprus which boasted of the honour of having its Church founded by the Apostle S. Barnabas whose Body was discovered to lye here in 485. It afterwards took the name of il Porto Costanzo or Constantia The Philosopher Anaxarchus suffered in this City the pounding to death in a mortar by the order of Nicocreon King of Cyprus with a singular constancy It is now utterly ruined Salamis an Island See Coluri Saâ—andra Salandrilla or Aâ—alandra a River in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples passing by Risetto and thence called also Piume di Rosetto to the gulph of Taranto Salawar Zalawar or Zalad a County in the Lower Hungary upon the Borders of Stiria with the Drave to the South and the County of Vesprin to the North. Kanisa stands in this County upon the River Sala But the Capital Town of it bears the same name of Salawar Sale Sala a City ascribed in ancient time by Ptolemy to Mauritania Tingitana seated at the Mouth of a River of the same Name on the Shoars of the Kingdom of Fez on the Atlantick Ocean A place of great Trade and has a noble Habor but it is an infamous Nest of Piratâ— It was heretofore a Common-Wealth now under the King of Fez who is Master of the Castle It stands one hundred Miles from Fez to the West and Tangier to the South Almanesor one of the Moorish Kings much beautified it and was after buried in it The Spaniards took it in 1287 who lost it in ten days again in 1632. King Charles I. sent a Fleet against this City which blocked it up by Sea whilst the King of Morocco besieged it by Land and by this means brought it under the Works being levelled and those Rogues Executed for which King Charles had three hundred Christian Captives sent him as a Recompence a Reward worthy of that Holy King Long. 6. 40. Lat. 33. 50. Sale the same with Saal Sale Sala a River in Quercy a Province of France Sale Sala a Province of the Kingdom of Bosnia Salefica Saleucia a City in Cilicia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch It stands seventy Miles from Tarsus to the West and twelve from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the North called by Niger Seleschia Long. 64. Lat. 38. 40. Salentini the ancient Inhabitants of Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples in the Roman times Salerno Salernum Salerna a City in the Kingdom of Naples which was a Roman City and Colony called by Strabo and Livy Vrbs Picentinorum Now an Archbishops See a Principality and the Capital of the Hither Principato It stands upon the River Busanola upon the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea upon which it has a Bay called by its own Name and a safe and large Haven twenty four Miles from Naples to the South-East and thirty from Benevento to the South Long. 38. 44. Lat. 40. 33. This Archbishoprick was founded by Pope Boniface VII in 974. The Body of S. Matthew the Apostle is said to be in this Place Pope Gregory VII died here in 1085. It has a Castle and many Antiquities which are the Remainders of the Roman Works When Naples had distinct Kings the Title of this place belonged to the eldest Son of that Kingdom In the years 1615. and 1579. there were two small Councils held at it Salettes a Carthusian Nunnery of great note and quality upon the frontiers of Dauphine in France toward la Bresse Salfeâ—â—d an Abbey in Thuringia in Germany Salii an ancient People of Provence in France who as we find in Strabo Mela c. extended themselves from about Aix as far as to Nice § There was another Nation of the Salii in the Tract now called Sallant from them in Overyssel in the Low Countries Saline Didyme one of the Liparee Islands belonging to Sicily twelve Miles in circuit and fruitful in Allum Near this place the Dutch received a great Defeat from the French at Sea in 1676. Baudrand The Italians call it Didimo Salino Suinus a River in the Kingdom of Naples which springeth out of the Apâ—â—hine and â—inning through the Further Abruzzo watering Pennâ— a City of that Province and Pescara falls into the Gulph of Venice Salingstede Salinâ—stadium a Town in Franconia upon the Maine four Miles above Franck fort to the East By Charles the Great made a Bishap's See but in 780 this Chair was removed to Hailbâ—une It was then a very great City since become subject to the Bishop of Mentz Salins Salinae a strong City in the Franche Comté upon the River Forica eight Loagues from Dole to the East and fifty eight from Geneva to the North. It is seated in a fruitful Valley betwixt two Mountains called Scoding which has been the reason why this City in the Latin
Senior Cantons The ancient Sarunetes dwelt here Sarno Sarnum a River and a City in the Hither Principato in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Salerno and a Dukedom belonging to the House of the Barberini It is seated partly in a Plain partly on an Hill and has a very ancient Castle belonging to the said Family its distance from Salerno is thirteen Miles to the North eight from Nola to the South and five from Nocera This City stands in the Borders of the Terra di Lavoro near the Fountains of the River Sarno which divides that Province from the Principato and then falls into the Bay of Naples five Miles from Castel ' Ã Mare to the North. Saronieus sinus the Gulph of Engia See Engia Sarsina a City in the States of the Church in Italy upon the River Savio which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna small and almost desolate It stands in Romandiola in the Borders of the Dukedoms of Florence and Vrbino twenty four Miles from Rimini to the West The ancient Poet Plautus was a Native of it There was a Synod held here in 1592. Sartre Sarta a River of France which ariseth in the Borders of Normandy which it separates from le Perche and running South watereth Alenson then entring Maine and passing Mans the Capital of it the Huy comes in So passing into Anjou the small Loire falls into it from the East above Anger 's a little beneath that City they fall inâ—he Mayenne which last falls into the great Loire at Ingrande twelve Leagues above Nantes It is written by Baudrand Sarte Sarum old a Corporation in Wiltshire in the Hundred of Alderbury honoured with the Election of two Members of Parliament Sarwicze or Zarwiza Vrpanius a River of the Lower Hungary which ariseth near Wesprin or Weisbrun and running South-East according to our later Maps passeth through the North end of the Lake of Balaton then through Alba Regalis so by Dombe Simathorn and Sarhadel it passeth beneath Pataseck into the Danube five German Miles below Colocza Sarzana Luna Nova Sergianum Serezana a City of Hetruria in Italy in the Borders of the States of Genoua towards Lucca near the Mouth of the Kiver Magra and under the States of Genoua which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Pisa but exempt from his Jurisdiction This City sprung up out of the Ruins of Luna an ancient Roman City seated three Miles from it to the South the Bishoprick of which was by Pope Nicholas V. removed to Sarzana in 1450. It is defended by a Ditch and a Wall with an ancient Castle slanked with sour Towers upon an adjoining Hill is a Fort called Sarzanella which wholly commands Sarzana Built by Castruccio who made himself Master of the City of Lucca after his death it passed to Charles VI. of France from him to the Dukes of Milan and so to the Florentines from whom Charles VIII of France recovered it whose Governour sold it to the Genouese It lies thirty four Miles from Lucca to the North-West and almost sixty from Genoua to the South-East Sas Sacae a Tribe or Horde of the Asiatick Tartars within the Mountain Iamus now called Chazalgita Sas van Gant Gandavensis Ager a strong Fort built by the Spaniards four Leagues from Gant to the North and taken by the Hollanders in 1644. who still have it Sassari Sassaris Piubium Turris Libysonis nova a City in the North part of the Island of Sardinia called by the Inhabitants Sacer. It is a great and pleasant City but not strong seated in a Plain and defended by a Castle it sprung up out of the Ruins of Turritana an old Roman Town twelve Miles from it to the South In 1441. Pope Eugenius IV. removed the Archbishops See from Turritana to Sassari it stands eighty five Italian Miles from Calori to the North-West Sassenage a Village in Dauphine in France at the foot of the Alpes near the Confluence of the Isere and the Drac remarked for some Curiosities in the Caverns of a Rock there Sassuolo Saxulum a Town in the Dukedom of Modena in Italy ten Miles from Modena to the South which has a very strong Castle Called by the French Sassevil Sassum Sasima a City of Cappadocia mentioned by Antoninus which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cesarea between it to the North and Tyana to the South thirty two Miles two hundred from Ancyra to the East S. Gregory Nazianzen was Bishop of this See who contributed under Theodosius the Great so very much to the Establishing the Catholick Religion then oppressed by Arianism both by his Learning and Piety Satalia Attalia a Maritim City in Pamphylia a Province in Asia Minor mentioned by Ptolemy It is an Archbishops See and the Metropolis of that Province by the Turks called Satalyah by the Italians Satalia Built by Attalus a King at the Mouth of the River Cestrum or Cataractus on the East-side of Mount Masicytus to the North of the Isle of Cyprus upon a Bay of the same Name The Turks are at this day careful to repair the Fortifications of it and the Castle in which their Governour resides having a good Haven and being frequented by the European Merchants But notwithstanding all their care it fell into the hands of the Pirats in the beginning of this Century who treated it very severely Long. 60. 50. Lat. 38. 56. The present City stands a few Miles more to the East than the old Attalia which was nearer the Mountains and farther from the River to the West whereas the present stands at the very mouth of the River The Ancients preferr'd Health before Riches and built on high grounds the latter Ages preferring Trade and the convenience of water have generally removed their dwellings nearer the great Rivers and Sea shoars Satarchae an ancient Warlike People of the Scythia Europaea mentioned by Solinus and described to have despised the use of Gold and Silver Satcama a Kingdom in Japan on the South-side of the Island Ximoa which has a City of the same Name Satriano a ruin'd City in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples in the Borders of the Hither Principate which has yet left its Name to the River Cecinum now called il Cacino and di Satriano Sava a great City in Persia built in a barren Plain within sight of Mount Alouvent two Miles in compass well Wall'd thinly peopled and for want of Inhabitants much decayed It was built by the Saracens as the Persians report and since rebuilt by them Long. 85. 00. Lat. 35. 50. See Sir John Chardin's Travels Pag. 386. Savatopoli Sebastopolis Dioscurias Giganaeum an ancient City of the Province of Mengrelia in Asia upon the Euxine Sea Saude Salda a River of France which falls into the Marne The Save Savus a great River placed by Ptolemy in Pannonia now called by the Germans Die Saw by the French and English the Save It ariseth out of the
Sir William Cecil Lord Treasurer of England built it and Robert Lord Cecil his Son of the same office to K. Jam I much beautified it Theoskeposti the Grotto in the Island of Patmos in the Archipelago wherein S. John is said to have written his Apocalypse Thermia Ferma and Ferminea as the Italians call it Polyaegas an Island in the Archipelago towards Europe which hath a considerable City of its own name and a Castle and a Spring of hot mineral Waters not far from the Sea from whence it took the name of Thermia Thermodon the same with Pormon § The Ancients frequently mention a River in Scythia Europaea in the Country of the Amazons of this name also Thermopylae a Streight or narrow passage at the great Mountain Oeta and the Gulph of Zyton in the extreme Borders of the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia leading into Phocis in Achaia Now called Bocca di Lupo or the Wolf's mouth Of great fame in Antiquity for being maintained by Leonidas General of the Lacedaemonians with three or four hundred Men against a vast Army of the Persians under Xerxes Thespia an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece near the Mountain Helicon It has been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens But as it lies now under the Tyranny of the Turks a poor Village Thessalia a very considerable Province of Macedonia toward the South Bounded on the South by Achaia now Livadia on the West by Epirus on the North by Macedonia properly so called and by the Archipelago and the Bay of Thessalonica to the East The Capital City of which is Larissa now called Comenolitari by Castaldus and by Brietius Janna under the Turks It had in the beginning Kings of its own Next it became subject to the Macedonians and Romans It had Marquesses of its own in the latter part of the times of the Greek Emperors Bonifacius being made Marquess of Thessalia in 1210 whose Posterity possessed it till about 1380. When Amurath Conquered the greatest part of this Country and his Posterity still enjoy it It is incompassed by the Olympus Pindus Ossa and Oeta four great Mountains its Inhabitants were in the ancient Times so famous for their Chivalry that Philip of Macedon sought and obtained the Dominion of it chiefly on that account Very fruitful reasonably well Peopled and for the most part inhabited by Christians Thessalonica a great Maritim City of Macedonia the Metropolis of that ancient Kingdom called of old Thermae now Salonichi It has had the fortune to keep up something of its ancient Greatness and Wealth still an Archbishops See and a populous City defended by ancient Walls and a Castle and blessed with a large safe Haven The greatest part of its Inhabitants are Jews It stands at the foot of an Hill upon a small River at the bottom of a Bay called by its own name two hundred and twenty Miles from Durazzo to the East three hundred and fifty from Constantinople to the South-West and two hundred and thirty from Athens to the North. Long. 47. 50. Lat. 42. 10. S. Paul Converted it to the Christian Faith and wrote two Epistles to it about the year of Christ 52. Timothy was sent by S. Paul to instruct and confirm them in the same Faith In 390. Theodosius the Great slew seven thousand of its Inhabitants for a Tumult In 895. It was taken and sacked by the Saracens In 1423. it was sold to the Venetians In 1431. Amurath II. took it from them In the year 1688. the Venetians bombarded it till the Inhabitants submitted to the Contributions demanded of them Thetford Sitomagum Sciani a small but very ancient Roman Town in the County of Norfolk upon the little Ouse in the Borders of the County of Suffolk Twenty Miles from Norwich to the South-West seventeen from Ely to the East and eight from Bury to the North. This ancient Town was sacked by Sweno the Dane in 1004. and suffered more from them in 1010. About 1047. the Bishops See of the East-Angles was removed hither from Elmham Herebert the next Bishop removed in 1067. to Norwich The Conqueror in his Survey sound two hundred Houses soon after empty ever since it has been decaying yet it is a Corporation sends two Burgesses to Parliament and gave the Title of a Viscount to the Right Honourable Henry Bennet Earl of Arlington The Lent Assizes for the County are usually kept here Thiano a ruined City in the Province called Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples which had a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento Thibet Thibetum a Kingdom in the Asiatick Tartary between Tartary properly so called and the Desart Tartary to the North Indosthan to the South Tangut to the East and Mawaralnatharia to the West Of which there is little known but the Name Some make it the same with others a part of Turquestan Thienen Atheniensis Legio Tenae and Tillemontium is a Town of Brabant called by the French Tillemont upon the small Rivolet Geet which beneath Hallen falls into the Demere about six Leagues from Namur to the North and a little more from Brussels to the East Now a great Town and formerly of great Import and Trade as appears by this that her Walls have been thrice inlarged In the late Wars saith Guicciardin between the French Liegeois and Low Countries it has been much wasted and in part desolated though the Inhabitants enjoy great Privileges In 1578. this Place was ceded to Don John of Austria In 1635. taken by the French Thionville Divodurum Theodonis Villa a City in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh called by the Germans Diedenhoven It is a small but very strong Place and stands upon the Moselle four Leagues from Mets to the North nine from Trier to the South-West and about eleven from Montmedi to the East This Place was much beloved and frequented by Charles the Great as Eginhard saith He ordinarily assembled the Nobility and Clergy of his Estates here and particularly in 806 when he parted his Kingdom amongst his three Sons In 835. a Council at this City deposed the Archbishop of Rheims as Author of an attempt against the Person of Lewis the Debonaire K. of France whom the said Archbishop and his Adherents had deprived of Royal Dignity In 844. Charles the Bald assisted at another Council here In the latter Times it was often taken by the French who ever since 1644. have intirely possessed it the Peace of the Pyrenees confirming it to them Thorax a Mountain near the City Manissa in Lydia in the Lesser Asia The Christians of S. Thomas an ancient Church of the Eastern Christians about Goa Meliapour Cranganoor c. in the Hither East-Indies Which claiming its Establishment from the Apostle S. Thomas whose Body is pretended to be preserved at Goa keeps it self at an entire Independency from the Laws and Rites of both the Roman and Greek Churches whose several Founders it says were the Heads of the Churches of their own Foundations
Africa Adda Addua a River that parts the Dukedom of Milan from the State of Venice it ariseth in the Alpes and falls into the Po 6 Miles above Cremona towards Placentia also the name of a Country in the Milanese betwixt this River and Serio memorable for the Victory obtained by Lewis XII of France over the Venetians May. 14. 1509. Adea a Kingdom of Aethiopia in Africa extended upon the Eastern Ocean at the entrance of the Red Sea It was once under the Kings of Aethiopia but has now a King who doth not depend upon them Magadoxo the Capital of this Kingdom and a Sea-Port is become a separate Kingdom also it lies in three degrees of Northern Latitude Adegele Chrysorrhoas a River of Damascus in Scripture called Pharpar it flows through Damascus and its fields where it is lost and never reacheth the Sea its Fountains are in Libanus This is one of the Rivers mentioned by Naaman the Syrian 2 King 5. as better than all the Waters of Israel Adel a small Kingdom in Africa at the mouth of the Red Sea heretofore called Azania with a City and a River of the same name Adelsperg Postonia Pistonia a Town in Croatia Aden a very strong Town in Arabia Foelix at the Foot of the Mountains not far from the Mouth of the Red Sea It has a very large Sea-Port and is also the head of a Kingdom of the same name The Turks in 1538. took this Town and hang'd up their King but not long after the Inhabitants revolted and put themselves under the Protection of the King of Mocha and expelled the Turks again This Country was known to the Romans by the name of Adana who had here a great Trade § Also a Mountain in the Kingdom of Fez remarkable for Mines of Silver § There is a City of the same name in Cilicia which is an Archbishoprick under the Patriarch of Antioch upon the River Malmistra or Piramus and often mention'd by the antient Geographers Ader or Eder a Tower within a Mile of Bethlehem said to be built by the Patriarch Jacob and that here the Shepherds were advertised by Angels of the Birth of our Saviour Aderborn a small Town in Pomerania upon the Oder a little above Stetin belonging to the Swedes Aderburg a small Town in the Electorate of Brandenbourg upon the Oder Adiabene a Province of the antient Assyria which for some time was itself a Kingdom now called Bolan or according to others Mesere and Sarca It s two Rivers Adiabas and Diabas are mention'd by A. Marcellinus Admirati a River of Sicily Whether this or Bajaria be the Eleutherus of the Antients is a dispute amongst Geographers Adon a small River of Bretagne in France which falls into the Vilaine Adonis a River of Phaenicia in Syria arising near to Mount Libanus and dividing the Kingdom and Patriarchate of Jerusalem from Tripoli and the Patriarchate of Antioch falls into the Mediterranean near Gibel Adour a River of Aquitain vide Dour Adra a small Sea-Coast Town in the Kingdom of Granada in Spain with a Port and a strong Castle it stands upon the Mediterranean Sea 9 Leagues to the West of Almeria which has robb'd it of the Bishops Sea heretofore belonging to it Adran Adranon a Town in Sicily of old famous for an Idol Temple of the name Adraon Adraton a City and sometime a Bishops See in Arabia mention'd corruptly by the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the 16th Session of the Council of Chalcedon Adraste a Territory and an ancient City in Mysia famous heretofore for a Temple dedicated to Nemesis Adria Atri Hadria a City and an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Ravenna in the Polesine in the States of Venice little inhabited Some believe the Adriatique Ocean which we now call the Gulph of Venice derived its Name from hence Adrianople Vscudama Oresta is a City in the midst of Thrace taken by Bajazet in 1362. after which it became the Seat of their Empire till the takeing of Constantinople An. 1403. This City was rebuilt by Hadrian the Roman Emperor from whom it has its Name but is now called by the Turks Endrem by the French Adrianople It is an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople and is distant from it 150 Miles West being seated upon the River Mariza Hebrus The late deposed Emperor of the Turks for the most part resided in it he hating Constantinople and loving Hunting Adrinza the present Name of Assyria once the Mistris of the World Adrobe a River of that part of the Asian Tartary which is subject to the Moscovites it falls into the Wolga beneath Cazan Adrumete the same with Mahometa Adula the Name of a part of the Alpes from S. Gothard Aduliten Adulis an antient City in Africa upon the red Sea now called Ercoco Adyrmachides an antient People of Libya towards Egypt Their Daughters newly married were presented to their King who had a right to use or refuse them Aethiopia is about one half of Africa it is divided into two parts the Upper and the Lower The Upper is bounded on the North by Egypt and Libya on the West by the Lower Aethiopia as also on the South on the East it is bounded by the Red Sea and the Arabian and Barbarian Bays it contains Nubia Abissinia the Kingdoms of Muaci Macoci and Zanguebar c. The Lower Aethiopia is bounded on the North by Libya on the East by the Upper Aethiopia on the West and South by the Aethiopian Ocean It contains the Kingdoms of Monomotapa and Monemugi the Western Aethiopians which are divided into the Kingdoms of Congi Loangi and Angola c. This more Southern Part of Africa which was little known to the Ancients was found out by the Portugals Aferat The present Name of Euphrates one of the most celebrated Rivers in the World called by the Arabians Frat it springeth from the Mountains of Armenia Major and running to the West receives the Harpage and Arsametes then it bends to the South and divides the greater Armenia from the lesser Then it washeth Mesopotamia on the West and South and divides it from Syria and Arabia Deserta and at Cresiphon it runs into the Tigris with which it falls into the Persian Gulph beneath Teredon and Balsera Afra a strong Castle upon the Frontiers of Zaara in Africa and stands divided into Egypt Barbary Biledulgerid or Numidia Zaara or Libya Nigritia and Aethiopia AFRICA one of the four principal Parts of the Earth so called by the Grecians because it seldom feels any Cold it is bounded on the North by the Mediterranean Sea on the West and South by the Ocean on the East by the Arabian Gulph and the Red Sea being only joyned to Asia by a Neck of Land It was anciently known no farther South than to the Mountains of the Moon till the Portugueses of late discovered the Southern Parts The inland parts of it are generally barren and
Mart 1300 German Miles its breadth between the Mouth of the Red Sea and the supposed Streights of Aman is 1220 Miles now divided into five principal Parts 1 Tartary 2 China 3 India 4 Persia 5 and the Turkish Empire Asia Minor See Natolia Asine the same with Anchora Asoph Tanais called Azack or Azeck by the Inhabitants la Tana by the Italians is a City of the Precopensian Tarters at the Mouth of the River Tanais which cuts the City into two parts and then immediately falls into the Lake of Moeotis It has a large Haven and a strong Castle which stands by the River taken by the Muscovites anno 1638. which upon false Accusation cost Cyrillus Lucaris Patriarch of Constantinople his Life but it was re-taken by the Turks who are now Masters of it the Town is square and built at the foot of a Hill in 67 d. of Long. and 54. 30. of Lat. Asopus the name of 3 Rivers one in Achaia now called Arhon the second in the Morea and the third in Asia minor near Laodicea Aspe a Valley of the Canton of Bearn in Switzerland watered by the Gave de Oleron It s principal Town is Accous Asphaltites or the Dead Sea by the Arabians sometimes called Baar Lout that is the Sea of Lot in Memory of his Deliverance is a Lake of Judaea in the same place where formerly the Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were consumed The Rivers Jordan Arnon and others fall into it 580 Furlongs long and 150 broad according to Josephus They say no Fish can live in it for the Bituminousness of its Water and that nothing ever grows upon its Banks Assasiniens a People formerly inhabiting about 12 Towns in Phaenicia near Tyre under a King of their own Electing Whilst they paid a Tribute to the Templers they offered to turn Christians to be discharged of the same but the Templers refused it which says William of Tyre has been the cause of the ruine of Religion in the East In 1231 Lewis of Bavaria was assassinated by these People In 1257 the Tartars came upon them and killed their Antient or King and took their Towns and we have had no further account of them ever since Assinarius a River of Sicily See Falconara Assinshire Assinus a County in the North-western part of Scotland it has Strathnavern on the North the Mountains of Marble and Alabaster on the East Rosse on the South and the Irish Sea on the West This is properly a part of the County of Rosse and therefore little is said of it Assisi Aesisium Assisium a City of Vmbria in the Patrimony of St. Peter it is a Bishops See built on a Hill 5 Miles from the River Asio L'Assumption Assumptio a small new City in the Southern America near the River of Plate in Paragua it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop de la Plata Assyria the first of all the Empires and Kingdoms in the World It subsisted for 1300 years under 37 Kings or according to the computation of others for 1484 years under 41 Kings that is from Nimrod and Ninus the first of which reigned at Babylon in the year of the World 1879 the other at Ninive down to Sardanapalus who burnt himself in 3178. 876 years before the coming of our Saviour Now it is a Province of Asia called otherwise Mosul and Arzerum between Diarbeck and Persia under the Grand Seignior See Mosul Asta a City and Roman Colony lying between Piedmont and Montferrat it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan well fortified with a strong new Castle belonging to it once a Commonwealth then it became a part of the Dukedom of Milan and was under the Viscounti being disjoyned from that Dukedom in the year 1531. after various changes itfell into the hands of the Duke of Savoy who is still Master of it It is 15 Miles distant from Casal to the South § There is another City of the same name in Andalusia and another in the East-Indies in the Kingdom of Decan Astabat a City of Armenia upon the Frontiers of Persia within a League of the River Aras not great but very beautiful and enriched with excellent Wine Astaces the antient name of a River in the Kingdom of Pontus in Asia Minor Astachar Astacara a City of Persia upon the River Bendemir near the Ruins of Persepolis which was once the Capital of the Kingdom of Persia but is now decaying Astarac or Estarac Astaracensis tractus a little County 7 or 8 Leagues long in the Province of Gascoigne in France Asterabath or Sterabath Asterabatia a City and Province of Persia towards the Caspian Sea The City stands 20 Leagues from Gorgian Astetlan a Province of the new Kingdom of Mexico in America upon the Coast of the Vermiglian Ocean Astora Astura Augusta a City and Bishoprick in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain 9 Miles from Leone the Archbishops See to the South This City is also called Astorga Astracan Astracanum the Capital City of a Tartarian Kingdom in Asia near the Mouth of the River Rha or rather Wolga where it falls into the Caspian Sea it is built in an Island made by that River about 25 German Miles from the Sea-shoar and has been in the Hands of the Muscovites ever since the Year 1554. before which time it had Kings of its own The Kingdom of Astracan is a considerable part of the Czar's Dominion it lies in Tartaria Deserta from the Head of the River Rha to the Caspian Sea and extends West to the River Tanais which parts it from the Precopensian Tartars It was conquered by Johannes Basilovits Emperor of Muscovy Asturia was once a Kingdom but is now a part of the Kingdom of Leon in Spain it lieth in length from Biscay to Galaesia The eldest Son of the King of Castile is stil'd Prince of the Asturia's it being divided into two parts as the English Prince is of VVales of which this is an Imitation as also the Delphinate in France Atacama a Desart in the Province of los Charcas in the Kingdom of Peru in America along the Coast of the Pacifick Ocean Atad Caucasus a Mountain in Asia much celebrated by the antient Poets § Also a Country beyond Jordan in the Holy Land where the obsequies of the Patriarch Jacob were performed by his Children Gen. 50. 10. Atavillos a People of Peru. Atha a River of Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria which falls in the Danube a little above Ingolstad Athamania a Country of Epirus between Acarnania Aetolia and Thessalia free and under Princes of its own till it submitted to Philip King of Macedon Athamas a River of Aetolia in Greece with a Mountain of the same name from whence it springs Aeth Athum a small but strong Town in the Province of Henalt upon the River Dender Tenera which falls into the Schelde 2 Leagues distant from the Confines of Flanders 5 East from Tournay Taken in 1667. by the French and by the Treaty of
Not much inhabited Casilimar Halys a River of Paphlagonia in Asia the Less This falls into the Euxine Sea 20 Miles West of Amisum now Simiso Cashel Cassilia Cassellia a City of the Province of Munster and County of Tipperary not far from the River Sewer built upon a Hill and made an Archbishops See by Pope Eugenius III. but now meanly Peopled having suffered much from the English It stands 23 Miles North of Waterford In 1650. it was almost wholly burnt down There was a Council held in this City in the year 1171. Casimambous a People of the Isle of Madagascar of the race of those Arabians which the Calif of Mecca dispatched thither about 200 years ago to instruct the Natives in the Arabick Language Casius see Lison a Mountain of Egypt at the foot whereof stood heretofore a Town called Casium famous for the Sepulchre of Pompey and a Temple of Jupiter Castona Castulo a City in the Kingdom of Andaluzia in Spain upon the River Guadalimar which has sometime been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo Famous for the Defeat of the Moors in the year 1202. in the Reign of Alphonsus King of Castile the Christians killing 200000 of them upon the spot near this place The Caspian Sea was named at first the Sea of Chosar from a great Granchild of Noah Nubius in his Geography stiles it the Sea of Thavisthan The Moors call it and the Gulph of Arabia Bohar Corsuin the Persians call both Kulsum the Greek and Latin Writers the Caspian and Hyrcanian Sea the Muscovites Gualenskoy-more The Antients generally thought it a Bay of the Great Indian Ocean or that it had some Communication with the Euxine Sea Though a vast number of Rivers fall into this Sea yet it is not perceived any way to increase It is in length from North to South 120 Miles in breadth 90. Some represent it 800 Miles long and 650 broad In the Winter for the most part frozen It is in effect no other than a great Lake The Waters of it are as salt as any other yet it neither Ebs nor flows nor has any Islands This Sea has the Kingdom of Astracan on the North Persia on the South Circassia on the West and Caratansca on the East Casriae Portae are certain difficult Passes through the Rocks and Mountains near the Caspian Sea in the Province of Schirvan in Persia only large enough for a single Chariot 8000 paces together leading to the Cities of Teflis and Derbent whence they are sometimes called the Gates of Teflis and Derbent amongst the Turks Temir Capi that is the Iron Gate see Derbent § The Caspian Mountains are a Chain of Mountains extended from North to South in Asia betwixt Armenia and the Caspian Sea § The Caspii were an antient People amongst the Scythians upon the Borders of the same Sea Cassandt a small Island upon the Coast of Flanders over against l' Ecluse with a Village in it and a Fortress under the Hollanders Cassano a City in the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza with the Title of a Principality situate near a small River called Lione § Also a great Town in the Milanese upon the River Adda between Crema and Bergamo Cassel a City in the Marquisate of Hessen upon the River Fuld which is well fortified It stands 13 German Miles from Marpurg in the Confines of the Dukedom of Brunswick the usual Residence of the Landgraves of Hessen antiently called Castellum Cattorum It is a large City well built and fortified and the Capital of the said Landgravate § Cassel or Mont-Cassel Castellum Morinorum a small Town in Flanders 4 Leagues from Bergue S. Vinoch and at an equal distance from Aire in a good Soil and well fortified with a considerable Jurisdiction belonging to it It has been taken and retaken upon divers Occasions but most memorable for the Battle here fought Apr. 11. 1677. betwixt the French commanded by the Duke of Orleans and the Dutch and Spanish Armies commanded by the Prince of Orange who proposing to relieve S. Omers then besieged by the Duke was repulsed in this Battel so that the Town yielded to the French within a few days after Cassemir or Chismeer a Province of the Empire of the Great Mogul in the hither East-Indies towards Tartary Casseneuil a small Town in the County of Agenois in Guyenne in France upon the River Lot 5 Leagues from Agen. Formerly adorn'd with a Palace Royal in which the Emperor Charles the Great took particular Delight and Lewis the Debonnaire his Son was bornin 778. Casseuil a Town upon the Garonne in the Diocese of Bazas in Guyenne in France Heretofore adorn'd with a Palace-Royal which disputes the Honor of being the Birth-Place of Lewis the Debonnaire with the precedent Casseneuil Cassian or Caschan a large handsome populous and trading City in the Province of Hyerach in Persia in a Plain 3 Days journey from Hispahan in the Way to the Caspian Sea only it wants good Water and the people are infested with Scorpions Cassin or Mont-Cassin a celebrated Abbey in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples built by S. Benedict the Patriarch of the Occidental Monks and inhabited by him There was heretofore a City of the same Name at the Foot of the Hill upon which this Abbey stands It was an Episcopal See under the Pope but falling into Ruines the See became united with that of S. Germain a City that has sprung out of those Ruines of Cassin Cassiopeia an antient City and Territory in the Kingdom of Epirus in Greece upon the Frontiers of Macedonia It has had the Honor of an Episcopal See and is a different Place from the Cassiope of Pliny and Ptolemy which stands to the Sea in the same Kingdom and is now called Joannina Cassiterides the antient Name of two Islands upon the Northern Coast of Galaecia in Spain given them by the Greeks from the White Lead they found in them Now call'd Zigarga and S. Cyprian They lie opposite to the Cap d'Orteguere Cassopo a Town in the North of the Island of Corfou heretofore called Cassiopeia and famous for a Temple dedicated to Jupiter It is now nothing more than a ruin'd Fortress besides a Church under the Care of some religious Greeks where they have a Figure of the B. Virgin that is famed for doing of Miracles Cassovia Vide supra Caschaw This City was granted to Bethlehem Gabor by Ferdinand II. in 1620. Cassubia or Cassuben a Dutchy in the Province of Pomerania in Germany under the Elector of Brandenburg between the Baltick Sea Prussia and Stetin Colberg is one of its Principal Towns Castabala Perasia an antient City of Cilicia in Asia Minor upon the Confines of Syria and the Gulph of Lajazzo between Anazarbe and Adana Diana had formerly a famous Temple in her Honor here Castalius a Fountain of Phocis in Greece dedicated by the antient Poets to Apollo
to Religion of this Age. The result of it was this the learned Thuanus and Pithaeus being Commissioners for ordering of the Dispute on the Roman Catholicks side and Isaac Casaubon with others according to the Kings appointment for the Huguenots After an Examination of nine Passages that day it appearing sometimes the Objection was taken for the Answer sometimes Words omitted and Sentences curtailed and others misapplied there was no continuing of the Conference longer for Du Plessis retired into the Country sick and dyed soon after In 1679. there was a Peace concluded here between the Crowns of Sweden and Denmark by which the Swedes recovered whatever had been taken from them by the Danes Fontanelle a Village and Monastery in Normandy upon the Seyne twelve Miles from Roan to the East Fontana Bianca Naustathmus a Sea-Port on the Eastern Shoar of Sicily at the mouth of the River Cacyparis twelve Miles from Syracuse to the South Fontarabia Fons Rapidus called by the Inhabitants Fuenteravia and sometimes Ondarrivia and Ondar Ibaya by the French Fontarabie by the Italians Fontarabia is a very strong Town in Guipuscoa in Spain upon the Shoars of the Bay of Biscay upon the River Vidosa Bassages in the Confines of France and Spain Built by the Goths in 625. It belonged as is pretended heretofore to France as part of the Territory of Bayonne and subject to that Bishop till Philip II. King of Spain in 1571. caused it to be taken from that Diocese It is so seated that at low Water it is easily entered but at high Water surrounded with the Sea and so fortified besides that a few Men may defend it against a vast Army so that it is the Key of the Kingdom of Spain and also a convenient Haven The French have had an Eye upon this place In 1638. under the Prince of Conde and the Duke of Espernon they attempted to reduce it but were beaten off with great shame and loss the two Generals mutually blaming each other after the ill success I have read that Charles V. after he had fortified this place called it his Pillow upon which he could securely sleep and it has proved so Fontenay a Town near Auxerre in the Province of Burgundy in France famous in History for the bloody Battel fought at it betwixt the four Sons of Lewis the Debonnaire in 841 wherein above a hundred thousand men were slain upon the place with the Victory to the two younger Brothers Charles the Bald and Lewis the German Fontenay le Comte Fontenacum Fontenaeum the chief Town of Poictou upon the River Vendee seven Miles North-East of Fochel it is a fine Town seated at the foot of an Hill and made rich by a great Fair kept here Fonteuralt Fons Ebraldi a little Town in Anjou in France which has a very much celebrated Nunnery the Abbess of which is Head of the Order and governs all the Men of that Order It stands about one League from the Loyre and three from Salmur to the North-East Forcalquier Forum Neronis once a City of Gallia Narbonensis mentioned by Pliny now a Town in Provence upon the River Laye which is the Capital of a County of the same name It stands upon an Hill between Sisteron to the South-East and Apt Apta Julia to the North-East six Miles from the latter and eleven from Aix to the North. The Title of Earl of this place and the Lands adjacent is born by the Crown Forcheim Forchena Locoritum Trutavia a small City in Franconia upon the River Rednitz where it takes in the Wisent to the North four Miles from Bamberg to the South under the Bishop of Bamberg Forcone Avia Furconium once a City of Italy now a Village in the further Abruzzo upon the River Pescara Aternus eight Miles from Aquila to which place the Bishops See was removed upon the ruin of this ancient City by the Lombards Fordingbridg a Market Town in the County of Southampton The Capital of its Hundred Fordon Fordunum a strong Town in the County of Mern in the North of Scotland ten Miles from the German Ocean and fifteen from Aberdeen to the North-East In this Place John de Fordon the Author of the Scotichronicon was born but it was anciently much more honoured on the account of Palladius the Apostle of the Scotch here buried who was sent by Pope Celestine in 431. to Preach the Christian Faith to this Nation Fordsham a Market Town in Cheshire upon the Banks of the River Weever Fordwich a Member of the Town and Port of Sandwich in Kent Forenza Forentum a Town in Abruzzo in Italy Le Foretz or Foresiens a Country of France extended in length from North to South upon the River Loyre and bounded on the North by Bourbon on the West by Auvergne on the East by Beaujolois and on the South by Velay It is divided into the Upper Foretz in which are Feâ—rs and St. Estienne and the Lower in which is Monbrison the Capital and Roanne This is a very fruitful County under the Jurisdiction of Lyon Forest Noire or the Black Forest a large Wood extending from South to North the space of ten or twelve Leagues as far as to the Neighbourhood of Strasburgh beginning about Basil The four Towns standing at a little distance from the head of it viz. Rhinfeldâ— Lauffembourg Seckinghen and Waldshust are hence called the four Forest Towns La Forest Sebusiani or Segusiani Populi the same with Foretz La Forest de Biere Sylva Bierica the Wood by Fountain-bleau La Forest de Bondis Sylva Bugiensis a Forest on the borders of Savoy The Forest of Dean a vast Wood in Glouoestershire which in ancient Times was exceeding dark and terrible to pass through between the River Wye and the Severn it was so great an Harbor for Thieves that robbed all Passengers that in the Reign of Henry VI. of England there were Laws made to restrain them but saith Mr. Cambden since the rich Iron Mines were found here those frightful Woods by degrees became much thinner than before and the Rebels of 1640. promoted it by selling the Timber of it to the Hollanders who returned their kindness by a War in Ships built of the same Forflamine Forum Flaminii a City of Vmbria ruined by the Lombards in 740. It stood three Miles from Nuceria Forli Forum Livii a City of Romandiola which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna It stands in a Plain near the little River Ronco and the foot of the Hills with a Castle at the distance of fifteen Miles from Ravenna to the South between the Cities of Cesena and Faventia within the Dominions of the Pope Blondus the Historian was born here La Formentera Ophiusa one of the two Islands which were antiently called Pityusae in the Mediterranean upon the Coast of Spain toward Ivica As desart now as we read it was in Strabo's time inhabited only by a number of wild Asses Formigue Formicae one of the Isles de Hyeres upon the
a small but very strong City the Capital of a County in the Lower Hungary and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Gran. It stands five Miles from Comorra to the West where the Raab and the Rabnitz fall into the Danube This City is called Gewer by the Hungarians Fortified by Ferdinand King of Hungary in 1550. Taken by the Turks in 1591. after a long Siege Retaken by Surprize in the Night by Count Swartzenburg and Count Palfi in 1606. This was at the Beginning of this present War the most Southern Town the Emperor had in the Lower Hungary Gex a Territory and Bailiwick belonging to the Duke of Savoy hertofore untill yielded to the King of France by the Treaty of Lyons in 1602. It is often Comprehended in the Province of Bugey in France having Bugey on the West the County of Burgundy on the North the Teritory of Waad in Bearn on the East and Savoy on the South from which last the Rhone and in part the Lake of Geneva seperates it The Capital Town bears its own Name Geyl Julia a River of Germany which as Mercator saith flows through the Vpper Carinthia and falls into the Drave a little below Villach Gezaira that Province in the Kingdom of Algier in Barbary in which Algier stands which City too is by the Arabians called Gezaira Gezan Zaaram a City in Arabia the Happy in the Province of Hagias upon the North Side of the River Laakic which passing by Medina there falls into the Red Sea This City is also called Algiar Long. 69. 00. Lat. 26. 00. Gezira or Gesirat Zegira or Zigira a City of Mesopotamia about twenty Miles North of Nisibin and sixty from Merdin to the South East Ghamma a vast River of the Asiatick Great Tartary which after a long Course disburthens it self into the Sea of Kaimachy Ghazuan Bengebres a Mountain in Arabia Foelix out of which springeth Eda a River of the same Country which watereth Mecca and falls into the Red Sea over against Suquem in Egypt Gheneoa or Gheneboa a Province of the Kingdom of Tombut in Nigritia in Africa towards the Mouth of the Niger There is neither a walled City Town or Castle standing in it but the Governor Magistrates and those of the best Fashion live together in a great Village it is a plentiful Province for Barley Rice Cotton Cattle and Fish and had the Character of a distinct Kingdom till about 1520. conquered and reduced into a Province by the King of Tombut Ghierra D'Adda a Country of the Milanese See Adda Gianea Blascon a small Island on the Coast of Provence Gianich Nichopolis a City of the Lesser Armenia upon the River Ceraunia which falls into Gensui thirty five German Miles from Erzerum to the South West and forty five from Cogni to the North-East This City was built by Pompey the Great and is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Sebastia Long. 69. 00. Lat. 42. 25. Gianuti Dianium Sinonia an Island on the Coast of Tuscany Giavarin See Gewer Giazza See Laizzo Gibel Gabalus a City of Syria which is a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Antioch seated upon the Mediterranean not far from Anticassium a Mountain of Coelo-Syria forty Miles from Antardum and eleven from Laodicea In the Maps there is a City called Gibeletto nine Miles South of Tripoli and ten Miles North of Sidon which by others is called Gebail and is the same Place Gibeon a great and Royal City of the Amorites in Canaan upon an Hill in the Tribe of Benjamin Memorable for their Stratagem to obtain a League with Joshua and for Joshua's Defeat afterwards of the five Kings of the Amorites at their Besieging of this Place when both the Sun and Moon at Joshua's Command the first over Gibeon the other in the Valley of Ajalon stood still to give Light to the Slaughter of the flying Enemy as this Miracle is quoted Josh 10. 13. out of a lost Book called Jasher about the year of the World 2584. Joshua though he thus protected this City because of his League he nevertheless condemned them to the Slavery of hewing of Wood and drawing of Water for the Tabernacle And when Saul contrived their total Destruction his seven Sons except Mephibosheth were hanged for an Attonement of their Fathers Fault 2 Sam. 21. Gibraltar or Gilbraltar Calpe Gibraltaria a City and Mountain in Andalusia in Spain seated up on the Mouth of the Mediterranean Sea where it runs into the Atlantick Ocean on the North-Eastern Point over against Zeuta in Barbary from which it stands four Italian Miles and the same from the Ruins of Heraclea eleven from Tangier to the North-East and sixteen from Cadiz to the South-West The City is called by the Moors Gibel Tarick the Mountain of Tarick from Tarif a Commander of theirs who was the first that landed here when the Moors invaded Spain in 711. Small though very well fortified it has a large Haven and a strong Castle which has always in it a Garrison of one hundred and fifty Souldiers The City is built upon a Rock in a Peninsula and the Castle stands on the highest part of the Rock At the West and East end there are two Forts or Block-houses next the Sea each of which has nine Cannons notwithstanding James Heemskirk the Dutch Admiral in 1607. entered this Harbour and destroyed the Spanish Fleet. This City is called in ancient Coins Calpe and Colonia Julia Calpa it grew up out of the Ruins of Heraclea and Carteja which lies not above one League from it This and Seuta or Zeuta on the opposite Shoar in Africa were by the Ancients believed to be Hercules his Pillars beyond which there was no going This City has also given Name to the Streights of Gibraltar Fretum Herculeum which is the only Outlet the Mediterranean has into the Atlantick Ocean concerning the breadth of which there is a great Controversie some reckon it seven French Leagues others twelve Italian Miles and twenty for its length others one German Mile and an half This is one of the most famous frequented and most anciently known Streights in the whole World § Also a great Town in Castile d'Or in the South America in the Province of Venezuela upon the Banks of the Lake of Maracaibo and near the great Mountains called after the same Name the Mountains of Gibraltar six Leagues from the River Epines which dischargeth its Streams into the said Lake This Town is well built and drives a Trade with Tobacco Sugar and Cocao Gien a small Town in the Province of Beausse in France upon the Loyre which is here covered with a Stone Bridge twelve Leagues from Orleans and something below the new Channel of Briare Some will have it to be the Genabum of Cesar Giera Hiera a small desolate Island near Candia Gieraci Hieracium Locris Narita a City of the further Calabria three Miles from the Shoars of the Ionian Sea and about one from the Ruins of Locris out of
Province of Kiangsi may furnish all China with a Breakfast but Huquang is able entirely to maintain it Hurepois Hurepoesium a District in the Isle of France between la Beause to the West la Brie to the East from which it is parted by the Seine and la Gastinois to the South This heretofore was a part of la Beause The Cities in it are Corbeil Castres and la Ferté Alais The Hurons are a People of North America in the Northern parts of New France towards a Lake of the same Name The River Des Hurons ariseth in the West of New France called also the River of the Otavacks a People bordering on the Hurons and runs a great way towards the North-East till at last it falls into the River of St. Laurence The Lake des Hurons is very great and in its extent resembles a Sea but the Waters are fresh it is seven hundred Leagues in Compass as the Inhabitants about it pretend the Lake of Illinia and the Upper Lake do both fall into it Huz the Country of Job between Syria and Arabia now Omps. Husum a City of Denmark in Jutland in the South part of the Dukedom of Sleswick near the Shoars of the German Ocean and Nort Strand an Island so called It has a most noble Castle built by the Duke of Holstein Gothorp in 1581. under whom it now is It stands a Gorman Mile and an half from Frederickstad to the North four from Sleswick to the West Some few years since it was fortified but the King of Denmark has slighted its Out-works Huy and Hu Huum Huyum Huyonum a Town of the Low-Countries in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Territory of Condrotz between Liege and Namur which has a Castle and a Stone Bridge over the Maez which here receives the River Huy which latter gives Name to it but ruined This place was taken by the French in 1675 and its Fortifications ruined It stands five French Leagues from Liege to the South-West and thirteen from Brussels to the North-East adorn'd with a Collegiate Church and divers others Hyesmes See Hiesmois Hyeres a Knot of small Islands on the Coast of Narbonne or Provence in the Mediterranean Sea See Hieres Hymburgh See Haynburgh Hymettus a Mountain of Achaia in Greece within a League of Athens and about seven or eight in circumference yielding plenty of odoriferous Herbs for the making of Honey which has been always in great esteem Some call it Monte-Matto by a corruption There are six Convents of Caloyers or Religious Greeks planted upon the sides of it The chief of which call'd by the Turks Cosbachi by the Greeks Cyriani since the Year 1455. when Mahomet II. took Athens and the Abbot of this House brought the Keys to him is exempt from all Taxes to the Port paying a sequine by way of homage Hythe one of the Cinqueport Towns in the County of Kent in Shepway Lath which Elects two Members of Parliament Hyrach Hyrcania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia heretofore bounded on the North by the Hyrcanian Sea on the East by Margiana on the West by Media and on the South by Parthia properly so called Now divided into two Provinces called Taberistan Mazenderan The. Hyreanian Sea Mare Hyrcanium takes this ancient well known Name from this Province but it is no less frequently called both in Ancient and Modern Geographers and Historians the Caspian Sea This Sea is called by various Names according to the Countries which do border upon it It was anciently called the Sea of Chosar from the eldest Son of Thâ—garma a Great Grand-child of Noah by Japhet Nubius in his Geography calls it the Sea of Tavisthan the Arabians Baharcorsum the Persians Kulsum as they do also the Persian Gulph The Greek and Latin Authors Mare Hyrcanium or Mare Caspium the Persians call it also the Sea of Baku the Muscovites Gualenskoi-More The Ancients generally thought it had a communication with the Indian Ocean which is not true for it has no communication with any other Sea in the World known and therefore may most properly be called the Mediterranean Sea this was known to Aristotle and Herodotus of old It s greatest extent is from North to South that is from Astrachan to Ferabath eight deg of the Equator or one hundred and twenty German Miles or four hundred and eighty English Miles its Breadth from the Province of Chuaresin to the Mountains of Circassia or Shirwan is six deg or ninety German Miles or three hundred and sixty English Miles The Waters are in the middle as salt as those of any other Sea whatsoever but it neither Ebbs nor Flows as all the rest do which have any Intercourse with the Ocean It hath in a manner never a safe Harbor upon it the best is Minkischlak or Manguslave on the side of the Grand Tartary The Water is of the same colour with that of other Seas it has but one Island in it and that lies towards Persia called Ensil which has never an House in it Thus far Olearius who Travelled over it in 1636. It is generally very shallow and flat therefore in Tempests dangerous to those that Sail upon it the Persians never trust to it and rarely go out of sight of the Shoar This Sea has on the North the Kingdom of Astrachan and Negaia on the East Chuaresm on the South the Kingdom of Persia and on the West Georgia it receives there above an hundred Rivers which fall into it many of which are very great as the Wolga the Araxis or Cyrus the Keisilosein the Bustrow the Aksay and the Koisu towards the North are the Rivers of Jaika and Jems towards the South and East the Nios Oxus and the Oxentes which Curtius calls Tanais Olearius assures us that in twenty days Travel between Roschot and Schamakap he crossed above fourscore Rivers great and small Hyth a Port in the County of Kent in Shepway Lath which has a Castle for its Defence upon the Streights of Calais between Dover to the North and Rie to the South two Miles from the first and five from the latter It elects two Members of Parliament J A. JAbesh-Gilead an antient Town of Judaea in the Territory of Gilead belonging to the Tribes of Israel All whose Inhabitants saving four hundred Young Virgins were by the Israelites put to the Sword for not assisting in the War against the Benjamites Judg. 21. 11. 12. In the Year of the World 2963. Nahash King of the Ammonites besieg'd it and refused to accept of its surrender otherwise than upon the condition of putting out the right eye of every one In the mean time Saul coming to their relief engaged Nahash defeated him and raised the Siege 1 Sam. 11. Jacatra a City and Kingdom in the Island of Jaâ—a in the East-Indies The latter is subject to the King of Bantam the other the same with Batavia the Hollanders under whom it is having so new-named it See Batavia Jacca an ancient City belonging to the Vascenes
given of it by Monsieur Thevenot who saw it himself Famous moreover to all posterity for the Children of Israel's passing it on dry ground at their entrance into Canaan and the Prophet Elijah's doing the same in company with Elisha Our Saviour received Baptism here from the hands of S. John near to which particular place the Christians built a Monastery that is now in ruins The Pilgrims delight to bathe in this River fancying the Water sanative from the virtue of that Sacred Contact It overflows in Summer with the melted Snow from Mount Libanus But in the Winter runs a low Water and after its Current into the Dead Sea it is clear without mixture for above a League together issuing thence by a subterraneous Channel into the Mediterranean Ioyeuse Gaudiosa a Town in France in the Province of Vivarais towards the Borders of Languedoc honoured by being first a Viscounty next a Dutchy and giving Name to a Noble Family Ipepa Hypaepa a City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia between Mount Tmolus and the River Caystro not far from Thyatira It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesâ—s Ipre See Yperen Iprichia the same with Africa Ips Ipsium and Ibissa a Town in Austria Ipsala Cypsella a City in Thrace by the River Mela at first a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Trajanopoli or Zernis afterwards it became the Metropolis It lies between this City to the West twenty nine Miles and Drusilaba to the North-East twenty six Miles the River in our latter Maps is called Larissa and falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Lembro just behind that Peninsula which makes the Dardanels straight Ipswich Gippo-vicus the County Town of Suffolk heretofore called Gippwich seated on the North side of the River Stour upon the foot of a steep Hill in somewhat a low Ground it has a commodious Haven and was heretofore a place of great Trade with many wealthy Merchants in it and a vast number of other people but now decayed as to both It was also formerly fortified with Trenches and Rampires the loss of which is not to be lamented the Town being so seated that it can never be made a place of Defence the Hills on all sides but the South and South-East commanding it It has fourteen Parish Churches and a great many goodly Houses the tokens of its former Wealth In 991. the Danes sacked it and nine years after repeated their Cruelty upon it In the Reign of S. Edward it had eight hundred Burgesses who paid Custom to the King There was also a Castle built here by the Normans which Hugh Bigod Earl of Norfolk defended against the Usurper King Stephen but was forced to surrender at last the ruins are now lost Mr. Cambden supposeth it to have been demolished by Henry II. when he did the same by Waleton Castle not far off Here landed the three thousand Flemings which the Nobility called in against Henry II. when his Son rebelled against him In the late Rebellion this Town stood clear of all those Calamities which involved the rest of the Nation The Bishop of Norwich hath a House here and the Viscount of Hereford another befitting his degree and quality The Honourable Henry Fitz-Roy Duke of Grafton was created Viscount Ipswich Aug. 16. 1672. who died of the Wounds that he received in the Service of King William before Cork Octob. 9. 1690. This Town is also a Corporation and sends two Burgesses to the Parliament It has a Free-School with the convenience of a good Library and a Hospital Cardinal Wolsey was born here and began the building of a stately College which bears his Name to this day Ireland Hibernia Ivernia is a great fruitful and noble Island on the West of Great Britain accounted in ancient time for greatness and glory the third Island of the World and called then the Lesser Britain Orpheus Aristotle and Claudian call it Ierna Juvenal Mela Juverna Diodorus Siculus Iris. Others Jovernia Overnia and Burnia The Natives Erin The Welsh Yuerdon The English Ireland It is three hundred Miles long and two hundred broad on the East it has the tempestuous Irish Sea between it and Great Britain on the West the Vergivian Ocean on the North the Deucalidonian Sea and on the South the British Ocean Divided into four Provinces Leinster Mounster Vlster and Connaught which heretofore sustained the Title of as many Kingdoms comprehending in all thirty Counties four Archbishopricks and twelve Bishopricks The Country is full of Woods Hills and Bogs The Soil rich and fruitful especially as to Grass Pomponius Mela in the times of the Emperour Claudius gives the very same character of it and therefore it has ever abounded in Cattle which is its most Staple Commodity The principal Rivers are the Shannon the Sewer the Barow the Black-Water the Shour the Neure the Boyne the Leffy c. The Capital City heretofore Armagh now Dublin The Air is at all times temperate but too moist to be at all times pleasant or wholsome The Romans in all probability never had any footing in this Island This Nation was converted to Christianity in the fifth Century by Palladius and S. Patrick especially the latter who planted not only Religion but so much Learning too amongst them that in the next Age the Monks of Ireland were eminent for Holiness and Learning and Ireland thence called Insula Sanctorum an Island of Saints In 694. Egfrid King of Northumberland first entered and destroyed this Nation with Fire and Sword after this the Danes for thirty years together wasted and destroyed them After these the Germans After them Edgar the most powerful King of England conquered a great part of Ireland And when by Massacres and other Accidents the Irish were freed from all these Calamities there ensued Domestick Broils among themselves In 1155. Henry II. being called in by the Natives resolved on the Conquest of them whereupon Richard Strongbow Earl of Pembroke began it in 1172. Henry II. in Person entered Ireland and taking upon him the Stile of Sovereign Lord of Ireland the States and all the petty Kings submitted to him and passed over all their Rule and Power which was confirmed by Pope Hadrian The Kings of England continued the Title of Lords of Ireland till the Reign of Henry VIII who took first upon him the Stile and Title of King of Ireland in 1541. which was confirmed to Mary his Daughter by Pope Paul IV. in 1555. The Irish have ever looked upon this Conquest as a Wrong and an Usurpation which no Act of theirs nor Time it self could make valid Hence when ever England has been imbroiled they have taken the opportunity of Revolting In the Reign of Edward I. when that Prince was engaged against the Scots one Donald O-Neal stiled himself King of Ulster and in Right of Inheritance the undoubted Heir of all Ireland But when in the Reign of Henry VIII the pretence of Religion was added first the Earl of Kildare rebelled
consequently fell a Victim to the Fortunes of Caesar whose Army left them nothing but their Liberty This Calamity befel them about forty two years before the Birth of our Saviour They recovered again as great an esteem as ever Tacitus informs us that in his time it was a place where the Grecian Affability and the Provincial Thrift were rarely mixed In the Fall of the Roman Empire this City became a prey to the Goths and Franks but in what Times I cannot assign In 1243. after the Goths were expelled it was put under Counts of its own and continued so till 1481 when it returned to the Crown of France during the time it was under these Counts about 1423. it was taken by Alphonsus King of Arragon In 1524. it withstood the furious Assaults of Charles Duke of Bourbone But the height of all its modern Glory was its sustaining the mighty Forces and great Valour of Charles V. in 1536. Since the settling Christianity here it has ever been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vienne formerly now of Arles Its first Bishop being said to be S. Lazarus whom Christ raised from the dead That which has in all times continued to its continuance is its excellent safe large Harbour and the Fertility of the Soil it stands in being otherwise not the best seated for Traffick there being no Navigable River near it but the Rhosne which is at some distance Long. 26. 22. Lat. 42. 18. Marshfield a Market Town in in Glocestershire in the Hundred of Thornbury Marshland a Tract in the County of Norfolk nigh Lyn Regis on the other side of the River Ouse so called from its being a Marsh There are seated several Towns in it which in recompense for the want of fresh Water and their Liableness to the Inundations of the Sea enjoy a Soil exceeding fat and feeding abundance of Cattle § There is another such Tract in the West Riding of Yorkshire about fifteen Miles in circuit called also Ditch-Marsh and excellent for the same use Marsi an ancient People of Italy in the Province now called the Further Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples towards the Patrimony of S. Peter whose Name is still preserved in a Territory there called the Dutchy of Marsa The Marsick War in the year of Rome 663. and their killing of all the Romans in the City Asculum together with Q. Servilius Proconsul and Fronteius render this People memorable in History § Also a People of Germania Antiqua mentioned by Tacitus of whom Ortelius fancies there are some Footsteps remaining in the Village Detmarsen in the Province of Over-Yssel in the United Netherlands Marsico Marsicum a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Principate called New Marsico to distinguish it from another Town of the same Name in that Province It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Salerno of little circuit but well peopled and built seated upon an Hill at the Foot of the Apennine near the Fountains of the River Agri which washeth Marsico Vecchio and then falls into the Bay of Taranto in the very Borders of the Basilicate six Miles from the last named Town to the West and fifty five from Salerno to the North. The old Marsico stands eighteen Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and sensibly decays being inhabited but by a few Marsley Hill a Hill in Herefordshire whereof Mr. Cambden and Mr. Speed relate a Story That on Saturday Feb. 7. 1571. about six a Clock in the Evening it moved with a roaring noise from the place where it stood and by seven the next Morning had gone about two hundred Foot continuing its Travel three days together That Kinnaston-Chappel hereupon fell down with some Trees Hedges and Coats for Sheep and some stood That two High-ways were turned about three hundred Foot from their former Paths the East Parts to the West and the West to the East Pasturage being left in the place of Tillage and Tillage of Pasturage Marta Martha a River ascribed by Antoninus to Hetruria now in the Dominions of the Church it ariseth out of the Lake di Bolsena Lacus Volsiniensis and running Southward by Tuscanella a small City in S. Peter's Patrimony the Walls of which it washeth it falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea beneath Cornetto another City of the same Province twenty two Miles from Viterbo to the South There is a Town of the same Name seated upon this River where it breaks out of the Lake twelve Miles from Viterbo Martaban Martabanum a City of the Further East-Indies on the Shoars of the Bay of Bengala which has a convenient Port under the King of Pegua tho it has had Kings of its own till of late it was conquered and very ill used The Kingdom belonging to it lies between that of Pegua to the North and Ligor a Promontory of the Kingdom of Siam to the South Martegues or Martigues Maritima Colonia a Sea-Port Town in Provence built in 1239. upon the Lake of Berry at the distance of one Mile from the Sea betwixt which and the Lake a Communication is made by Ditches so surrounding and dividing the Town as it were into three several small Towns called Fonquieres L'isle and Ferrieres which are passed from one to another upon Bridges that Martigues hath therefore the Name of the Venise of France Those Fosses are thought to be Works of the Romans Martigues also was of old a Viscounty and now a Principality enjoyed by the House of Vendosme Martel Martellum a small City in the Province of Quercy near the River Dordogne seated on a Hill in the Confines of Limosin six Leagues from Sarlat to the East and as many from Tulle to the South Martimos Marithae a Ridge of Mountains in the South of Arabia Foelix not far from the Shoar and the Fountains of the River Liris mentioned by Ptolemy S. Martin a great Village in the Isle of Rade in Soisonois in Reims S. Martin one of the Antille or Leeward Islands which was under the French S. Martin de Re a Fort in the Isle of Ré near which the English received a great Defeat from the French in 1627. Martinique Mâ—danina an Island in the West-Indies which is one of the Antilla's forty five Leagues in compass very fruitful and well peopled and well watered by Rivers It having been in the Hands of the French ever since 1635. The Dutch attempting it in 1674 were repulsed Long. 315. â—â— Lat. 12 10. Martiopoli See Marcianopoli Martpurg See Marpurg Martorano Martoranum a small City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Calabria but in the Borders of the Further Calabria six Miles from the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea and fourteen from Cosenza in a declining state and inhabited but by a few tho it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza The River which runs by it is called il Savuto it is thought the old Name of this City was Mamertum Marubeni See Marogna Marueccos See Marocco Maruege Maruejols Marengium a small City
demolished by the English It has a Collegiate Church § There is another Meun in the same Province upon the River Inde betwixt Chateau-roux and Bruzancais § And a Third in the Province of Orleanois under the right side of the Loyre betwixt the City Orleans and Baugency Adorned with a Collegiate Church and taken heretofore by the Victorious English under the Earl of Salisbury In Latin Magdunum Meurs Meursia a small City of the Dukedom of Cleves though seated in the Bishoprick of Cologn which is an Earldom and belongs together with its Territory to the Prince of Orange by the gift of the last Countess in 1600. Yet the Duke of Brandenburgh lays claim to it as Duke of Cleves It lies two Miles from Rhineburgh to the South one from the Rhine to the West about ten from Cologn to the North-West and seven from Cleves to the South-West Meurtre Mourtre Murta Morta a River of Lorrain it ariseth from Mount Vauge and watering Nancy falls into the Moselle three Leagues above Pont Mouson Meuse Mosa the same with the Maes Mexico Mexicum a vast City in the North America the Capital of New Spain and of a Province of the same name in that Kingdom the Seat of the Spanish Viceroy of the West-â—naâ—es and an Archbishop's See This City stands upon the North side of a Lake of the same name in a most pleasant fruitful and large Plain and in great part surrounded with the Lake The Inhabitants pretend it was built in 1322. The Spaniards by the current and thread of their Story say it was built in 902. It was many Ages since the Royal Seat of the Kings of Mexico had then a great and splendid Palace called in their Tongue the Tepac but burnt together with the City when it was taken by the Spaniards in 1521. by Francis Cortez who rebuilt the City and made it the Capital of his Conquests Its Streets are great streight and beautiful its Churches magnificent its publick Buildings noble It has an Aquaduct three Miles long and many Monasteries John de Turre Cremata our Countryman Mr. Gage and some others have given large accounts of this noble City which is the greatest in America It has no Walls Forts Bastions nor any Cannon or Defence whatsoever beside what the number of its Inhabitants afford which is a part of the Spanish Jealousie for fear a Viceroy should set up for himself In 1527. Pope Clement VII made it a Bishop's See In 1547. Paul III. made it an Archbishop's See in which Year Cortez the Conqueror died It was made an University in 1551. by Charles V. As it is seated in a very low ground so it has often suffered very much by Inundations of the Lake particularly Septemb. 21. 1629. forty thousand of its Inhabitants were drowned to prevent this for the future they have with great Charges found out a means to drive part of these Waters other ways There is no way to the City but over three Causways on the North West and South sides the latter of which is the longest Long. 269. 00. Lat. 28. 30. eighty Spanish Leagues from the South Sea and the same distance from the Shores of the Bay of Mexico See Golfo di Mexico There are also two Lakes of Water called by the name of this City one of which is fresh Water seven Leagues long six broad the other is salt Water forty Leagues in compass Meydenburg See Magdeburg Meylandt the German Name for Milan Meyne See Mayn § Also a Mineral Spring much resorted to of late near the City Arles in Provence Mezaal a pretended Island in Aethiopia See Meroë Mezieres Maderiacum Meceria a City of France in Champagne in the Territory of Retelois built upon and almost encompassed with the Maes and very well fortified besides It stands not above half a League from Charleville four beneath Sedan to the West three from the Confines of Luxemburgh and sixteen from Reims to the North-East and hath a Collegiate Church Mezo Amyzon a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia still extant and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Sancta Croce being seated between Magnesia and Alabanda thirty Miles from Miletus now Melasso and the same distance from the Shoares of the Archipelago to the East Mezuma oppidum novum a City in the Kingdom of Algïer in Africa in the Province of Tenez between Algier and Tremesin Mezzaba a Province in Biledulgerida in Africa with a City of the same name by the great River between Zeb and Tegorarina to the West Mezzovo Pindus Miana Apamia or Apamea a City of Media Long. 79. 50. Lat. 34. 20. Miary a River in Brasil which receives the Ovaro Covo and divers other Rivers then falls into the Ocean near the Island of Maragnan upon the Coast of Brasil Micoli an Island of the Aegean Sea betwixt Nicaria to the East and the Islands Tenon and Andron to the North. One of the Cyclades called by the Antients Mycone and Myconos It produces Wine Cotton Barley and abundance of Game planted with one only Village which pays a yearly Tribute to the Turks Middleburgh Metelli Castrum Middleburgum Metelloburgum a Town in Zealand the Capital of the Isle of Walcheren made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vtretcht in 1559. by Pope Paul IV the Collegiate Church in 1561 being converted into a Cathedral and the Revenues of a famous Abbey that was here applied to serve for the use of the Bishoprick It is great rich populous extremely well fortified and has been under the Vnited Provinces ever since 1574 in which it was taken by their Forces from the Spaniards The Abbey is now the Town-house § There is a Town in Flanders under the Vnited Provinces two German Miles from Bruges to the North and an Island in the East-Indies both called by the same name Middlefart a Town in the Island of Fuynen in the Baltick Sea giving name to the Channel Middelfart or Middle-Passage betwixt this Island and Jutland Middlesex Middlesexia Trinobantes is bounded on the North by Hartfordshire on the West by Buckingham separated by the River Colne on the South by Surrey cut off by the Thames and on the East by Essex divided from it by the Lea. It is nineteen English Miles in length and sixteen in breadth one of the least Counties in England but its Fertility and nearness to London abundantly recompenseth this want of Extent The ancient British Inhabitants were the Trinobantes afterwards it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Saxons White-hall and S. James the Royal Mansions of the Kings of England are both in this County to which may be added Hampton Court their Country House of Pleasure and LONDON the Capital of England is its Head The Honorable Charles Sackville Earl of Dorset is also Earl of Middlesex by a Creation of Feb. 4. 1674. Which Title was first bestowed by K. James I. in 1622. on Lionel Lord Cranfield Lord Treasurer of England whose Son James enjoyed the same and after
possessed themselves of Mount Palamede forced the Town to surrender It was the ordinary Residence of a Sangiack and inhabited by a great number of Greeks with others Golfo di Napoli in which this City stands was of old called Sinus Argolicus Napolouse Neapolis an ancient Town in Palestine at the foot of the Mountain Gerizim otherwise called Sichar Sichem Nabartho and Mrothia in the year 1120. the Patriarch of Jerusalem assembled a Council at it It is misplaced by Eusebius and Epiphanius near Jericho Narbarth a Market Town in Pembrockshire The Capital of its Hundred Narbon Narbo Narbona Narbo Martius Civitas Aracinorum Colonia Decumanorum an ancient Roman City in Languedoc in France built by the Romans as Polybius saith in the one hundred and sixtieth Olymp. one hundred and thirty eight years before the Birth of our Saviour an Archbishops See seated upon a Branch of the River Aude which was made by the Romans and commonly called la Robine twelve Miles from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the North ten from Carcassone to the East and sixteen from Mompellier to the West Julius Caesar Crassâ—s and Tiberius obliged this City with considerable Privileges The Proconsuls of Gallia Narbonensis made it their Residence built a Capitol an Amphitheatre Schools Baths Aquaducts with all the Marks of the Majesty of the Romans in it In 435. the Wisigoths besieged and and took it In the times of the first Kings of France Tholouse it self was a Suffragan to this Archbishop In 733. this City was taken by the Moors or Saracens and much ruined till Charles Martel recovered it again out of their hands To prevent this for the future its Fortifications are carefully kept which with the number of its Inhabitants give it a sufficient security Yet taken by the Black Prince in an Inroad he made with a small Army from Bourdeaux in 1355. It contains five Parishes was heretofore governed by its own Viscounts and Dukes and some write that Paulus Sergius the Proconsul converted by S. Paul was its first Bishop Several small French Synods have been assembled at it Narden See Naerden Nardo Neritum a City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Brindisi but exempt from his Jurisdiction Built in a Plain four Miles from the Bay of Taranto and nine from Gallipoli to the North. Pope John XXIII instituted this Bishoprick in 1413. Pope Alexander VII was Bishop thereof before his Elevation to the See of Rome It also gives the Title of a Duke Narenta Naro a City of Dalmatia upon a River of the same Name thirty five Miles from Dolcigno to the North fourteen from Ragusa to the North-East upon a Bay of the Gulph of Venice of the same Name Heretofore the Capital of Dalmatia a great and populous City but being taken by the Venetians in 987. and deprived of these Advantages it began to decay and altho now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ragusa in a fruitful Plain yet it is but small to what it has been Baudrand saith it is in the Hands of the Turks but when it came into their Power or whether it is not since retaken by the Venetians I know not Narni Narnia a City under the Pope upon the River Nera forty Miles from Rome which is a Bishops See under the Pope only and was the Birth-place of Nerva the Roman Emperor Six Miles from Terni also Pope John XIII was a Bishop of this See Narova a great Lake in New France in America Narsinga Caramania Narsinga Narsinganum a City and Kingdom on this side the Ganges in the East-Indies subject to the Kingdom of Bisnagar and sometimes called by the same Name with it The City is great and populous and stands upon a River thirty five Miles from the City Bisnagar See Bisnagar Narsingipatan a City in the Kingdom of Golconda in the East-Indies on the Western Shoar of the Bay of Bengala Narva a City of Livonia upon a River of the same Name which separates Livonia from the Dominion of the Duke of Moscovy over against which on the Eastern Bank of the River lies the Castle of Ivanowgorod both under the Swedes The City is very strong thirty Swedish Miles from Reval to the East and about one from the Bay of Finland The Castle was built by the Russ and being founded on a Rock in the River was thought Impregnable till taken by the Swedes in 1617. ever since which time they have been possessed of it Wolmar II. King of Denmark is said to have built this City in 1213. John Basilovitz Duke of Moscovy took it in 1558. Pontus de la Garde General of the Swedish Forces retook it September 6. 1581. Ever since the Swedes have kept it About 1654. all the Trade of Moscovy was driven by this Port by reason of a War between England and Holland which hindered the Navigation to Arch-Angel It stands in Lat. 60. 00. The River of Narva riseth out of the Lake of Peipis and falls into the Gulph of Finland in a manner as broad as the Elbe but much swifter about half a League above Narva it falls from a steep Rock which breaks the Water into small Particles and throws them into the Air so that when the Sun shines they form a pleasant kind of Rainbow But this hinders the bringing Goods by Water to the Town and inforceth the unlading the Boats above this Cataract Nasacepha Selucia Bagdat Nasamones an ancient People of Libya in Africa mentioned by Herodotus Strabo Pliny c. They are diversly placed by them sometimes near the Atlantick Ocean sometimes by the Sea of Marmora and again towards the Syrtes Magna of Barbary Nascaro Siâ—is a River in the Further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples Nassaw Nassovia a small Town in Weteraw upon the River Lhone two Miles from the Rhine to the East five from Bingen to the North and twelve from Cologne under its own Prince From whence the Family of Nassaw has iâ—s Rise § The Principality of Nassaw is a Territory in the Upper Circle of the Rhine which lies partly in Westerwaldt and partly in Weteraw between the Dukedom of Westphalia the Vpper Hassia and the Bishoprick of Trier beyond the Rhine It was at first a County but made a Principality by Ferdinand III. in 1653. Adolphus the Emperor was of this Family chosen in 1462. and the Earls of Sarbruck But the Noblest Branch is that of Orange in whose Honour the Dutch have given the Name of Nassaw to two of their Forts in Foreign Parts the one in Guinee the other in the Island Motir amongst the Moluccaes also to a small Island they call Nassâ—â—â— Eylandt in the Indian Ocean belonging to Asia and to Weigatts Streights otherwise called the Streights of Nassaw Nascivan Naksivan or Naxivan Naxuana a a City of the Greater Armenia mentioned by Ptolemy which is an Archbishops See at the Foot of Mount Ararat or Taurus between the Caspian
Brandenburgh are Camin Colburgh and Stratgard Klein Pommeren Pomerania Parva the Little Pomerania or the Palatinate of Pomerania is that part of Pomerania which long since was given to the Crown of Poland called by the Poles Woiewodztwo Pomorskie and for the most part included in Prussia Bounded on the West by that part of Pomerania which is under the Duke of Brandenburgh on the North by the Baltick Sea the River Vistula to the East by which it is separated from the rest of Prussia and the greater Poland to the South The principal City in it is Dantzick Pommerelle or the Dukedom of Pommeren is a part of the Eastern Pomerania which is under the Duke of Brandenburgh Bounded on the East by Cassubia and the Marquisate of Brandenburgh by the Baltick Sea on the North the Oder on the West and the Dukedom of Stetin on the South The Great Towns in it are Stargart Camin and Treptow Pompeiopolis an ancient City of Cilicia in Asia Minor to which Pompey the Great imparted his name as Trajan afterward also did that of Trasanopolis It has been honoured since Christianity with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia But now become a miserable Town called according to some Palesali § There was a second in Paphlagonia which received Pompey's name after his defeat of Mithridates King of Pontus having before been called Eupatoria This latter became an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Now wholly ruined Pons a Town of France in the Province of Saintonge upon the River Seugne which falls in the Charante below Sainctes It gives its name to a Neighbouring Forest and likewise to an honourable Family of France In Latin apud Pontes Pont à Mouson Mussipontum Mussipons a Town in Lorain in the Dukedom of Bar upon the Moselle five Leagues from Nancy to the North six from S. Michael and five from Toul it has been well fortified but at present dismantled and made an University in which there is a Scotch College of the foundation of Pope Gregory XIII It gives the Title of a Marquess hath two Abbeys and divers Churches Pont de l' Arche Pons Arcus Pons Arcuensis a City in Normandy in the Bishoprick of Roan which has a strong Castle and a Stone Bridge upon the Seine which here receives the Eure and the Andele built by Charles the Bald. It stands three Leagues above Roan to the South and was the first Town that surrendred it self to Henry IV. after his advancement to the Crown of France Pont Andemer or Ponteau-de-Mer Pons Audomari a small City in Normandy upon the River Rille two Leagues from its Mouth and ten from Roan to the West surprised by the Leaguers in 1592. but soon after returned to the King In 1279 a Council was assembled here Pont Beauvoisin Pons Bellovicinus a Town in Dauphine upon the River Guyer here covered with a Bridge which gives it this name and separates the Province of Dauphine from Savoy Pont de Ce Pontes Caesaris a Town in the Dukedom of Anjou upon the Loyre over which it has a very long Bridge and had once a very strong Castle One League from Angiers to the South At this Town the Troops of Lewis XIII under Mareschal de Crequi defeated those of the Queen Mother Maria de Medicis in 1620. Pont du Gard Pons Vardonis or Gardonis three Bridges built one over the other over the River Gardon for the continuing an Aquaduct to Nismes The lowest having six Arches the second twelve and the highest thirty four a thing of great Antiquity It stands in the middle between Avignon to the East and Nismes to the West four Leagues from the latter The Learned Dr. Brown in his Travels gives the Figure of this wonderful Work and assures us that the top of it is one hundred and eighty six Foot above the Water of the River Pont Eau de Mer a Town in Normandy the same with Pont Audemer Pont l' Eveque Pons Episcopi a Town in Normandy near Caen upon the River Leson three Leagues from Lisieux and two from the Sea It is noted for good Cheese Pont-Oise Pontesium Pontisara Aesiae pons and Pons ad Oesiam a Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone-Bridge over the River Oise and an English Nunnery six Leagues from Paris to the North-West towards Roan Taken by the English in the Year 1417 and recovered by the French in the Year 1442 after a Siege of six weeks It was also taken and retaken in 1589. successively by King Henry III. and the Duke of Mayenne In 1561. in the beginning of the Reign of Charles IX the Estates of the Kingdom were assembled here It hath a Castle with divers Churches and Monasteries giving the title of a Viscount Situated in the Territory of Vexin Francois at the Confluence of the Oyse and Seine Pont Orson Pons Vrsonis a Town in the Confines of Normandy and Bretagne in France upon the River Couesnon which a little lower falls into the British Sea between Auranches to the East and Dole to the West two Leagues from Mount S. Michael Pont S. Esprit Pons Sancti Spiritus a City of France in the Lower Languedoc which has a Castle and a Stone Bridge over the River Rhosne of an extraordinary structure Three Leagues from Viviers to the South and seven from Avignon to the North. Pont S. Maixance Pons Sanctae Maxentiae a Town in the Government of the Isle of France in the Duchy of Valois upon the Oyse here covered with a Bridge three Leagues from Senlis Pont-Pool a Market Town in Monmouthshire betwixt the Hills of chief note for Iron Mills Pontefract or Pomfret a pleasant neat Borough and Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Osgodcross situated upon a stream a little below the confluence of the Warfe and the Are. Formerly ennobled with a Castle Royal mounted on an ascent with Ditches and Bulwarks which was in the long Rebellion demolished K. Richard II. after his resignation of the Crown was murdered in that Castle The Borough returns two Parliament Men. Pontieu or Ponthieu Ponticum Pontinia a County in Picardy which lies towards the Mouth of the Somme between the Chanche and the County of Bologne to the North and the Somme to the South The chief Towns in it are Abbeville Monstrevil Rue Pont S. Remi and Cleri This County was confirmed to the Crown of England by Eleanor of Castile Countess of Ponthieu Daughter to Ferdinand III. King of Castile her Marrying to Edward I. King of England Being afterwards enjoyed by K. Edward II. and III. and never finally re-united to the Crown of France till the Reign of Charles VII when the English quite lost their Dominions in that Kingdom Pontion or Pont-Yon Pontigo an ancient Royal House belonging to the Kings of France in the Territory of Parthois in Champaigne two Leagues from Vitri le Brûlé where Charles the Bald assembled a Council in 876. Some have mistaken it for
eighteen Leagues from Panama to the North in the Province of Terra Firma This City was taken and plundered by the Buccaniers Port en Bessin Portus Bajocensis a Port in Normandy on the British Sea one League North of Bajeux Porto Betto Portus Gazaeorum Majuma See Gazara Porto Bon Achaeorum Portus Portus Bonus a Haven on the Euxine Sea at the Mouth of the Nieper Porto di Coruna Portus Brigantius a large Port in Gallicia in Spain ten Leagues from Compostella to the North. Porto desire a Port in Magellania between the River of Plate and the Terra de Fuogo in South America It is otherwise called Baya de los Trabaios The entrance into it is about half a League over where stand two small Islands It affords fresh Water Porto Ercole or Hercole Portus Herculis a Sea-Port in the States of Siena on the Tyrrhenian Sea five Miles from Orbitello to the South and twelve from Talamont to the same In the Hands of the Spaniards it has a Fort and a small Haven Porto di Gorio Carbonaria a Haven at the Mouth of the Po which takes its Latin Name from a black Tower It is the Southern Branch of the North Branch of that River in the Dukedom of Ferrara under the Dominion of the Pope within six Miles of the Borders of the States of Venice to the South And made by that Branch of the Po which is called Il Po di Ariano or the Right Hand Branch Porto di Gruaro Portus Romatinus a Town in Friuli upon the River Lemene Romatinum under the Venetians two Miles from Concordia a ruined City to the North. The Bishop of which resides in this Town forty Miles from Venice to the East and twenty five from Aquileja Porto di Lione Piraeus the Port of Athens in Achaia 5 Miles South of the City joined to it by a double Wall built by Themistocles in the year of Rome 276 which was ruined by the Victorious Lacedaemonians in the year of the World 3546 and of Rome 350 after the taking of Athens being rebuilt it was afterwards ruined by Sylla This Haven would then contain four hundred Ships and was both as to Peace and War one of the most frequented Ports in the World In after-times it took the Name of Port Lione from a huge Marble Statue of a Lion of admirable work placed at the bottom of the Bay in a sitting Posture but erect upon his fore Feet ten Foot in height This Harbor would not hold above thirty or forty of the Ships of our Times as Mr. Wheeler judged Nor is there any one House or Habitation in this Place except a Warehouse for the receiving of Merchandise The true Long. of it is 53. 00. Lat. 38. 05. as Mr. Vernon found it This Port and Athens it self submitted to the Venetian General Morosim Sept. 1687. Vid. Athens It is also called Porto di Setines Porto Famine See Civdad del Rè Philippe Porto Fino Portus Delphini a small Town and Port of Italy about twenty Miles from Genoua to the East towards the Gulph of Ripallo Porto Longone Portus Longus a large safe Haven in the Isle of Ilua or Elve under the Spaniards ever since 1577. Fortified by them in 1606. Taken by the French in 1646. Retaken by the Spaniards in 1650. It stands over against Piombine twelve Miles to the South fifty four from Ligorne thirty seven from the Isle of Corsica to the East Before under the Princes of Piombino Porto Lovis Lewis or Blavet Portus Ludovici Blabia a strong Town in Bretagne in France at the Mouth of the River Blave which has a large Haven Twelve Leagues from Vannes to the West and fifteen from Quimper to the East This Town sprung up out of the ruins of Blavet an old Town near it Port Lovis a new built Town in the Lower Languedoc on the Mediterranean Sea near Mount de Sete This Haven and Port was made by a vast Artificial Mount raised out of the Sea with a mighty expence It stands two Leagues from Frontignan to the South and five from Agde to the East Porto Moriso Portus Mauritius a pleasant Town in the State of Genoua upon the Mediterranean Sea well Peopled it stands near Onelia upon a Hill in the midst between Savona to the East and Nizza to the West thirty six Miles from either but it has now no Port as Baudrand assures us on his own knowledge Il Porto di Paula Portus Paulae a Sea-Port in the State of the Church in Campagna di Roma near Mount Circello into which the Lake of Sancta Maria vents it self Able to contain two thousand Ships it has every where the marks of a Roman Port but being neglected fills up with Sand. Porto de la Paz Portus Pacis a Port at the North end of the Island of Hispaniola where there is of late a French Colony settled Porto di Primaro a Town and Port in the Dutchy of Ferrara in Italy where a branch of the Po called Po di Primaro delivers it self into the Gulph of Venice It has a Tower for its defence Porto di san Pedro a Port in South America towards the Mouth of the Rio Grande and East of the River Plata upon the Sea of Paraguay Porto Ravaglioso Portus Orestis a Port in the Province of the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples upon the Tyrrhenian Sea at the Mouth of the River Marro near La Palma Thirty Miles from Regio to the North and twenty from Tropea to the South It is of great Antiquity but no great use Porto Ricco or S. Jean de Porto Ricco or Puerto Rico Portus Dives a City in South America seated at the North end of an Island of the same name in the North Sea which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of S. Dominico Taken and plundered by the English in 1595. and by the Hollanders in 1615. The Island lies eight Leagues from Hispaniola to the East at the entrance of the Gulph of Mexico about a hundred thirty six Leagues from the Continent of America to the South thirty or thirty five long from East to West and twenty in breadth First discovered by Chr. Columbus in 1493 who dedicated it to S. John Baptist and called this Place Porto Ricco because the greatest Galleons ride in its Port in Safety The Spaniards began to plant their Colonies here in 1510. They have secured this Port with two strong Castles beside two little Forts The whole Island enjoys a temperate Air a fruitful Soil for Sugar Ginger Cassia and Cattel but the antient Indian Natives have all been barbarously murdered by the Spaniards Porto Royal Portus Regius a Port of North America in the Province of Tabasca in the Confines of Yucoatan upon the Bay of Mexico called by the Spaniards El Puerto Real § There is another Porto of the same name in the Kingdom of Andalusia over against the Isle of Cadis which of old was called Portus Gaditanus Port Royal in New France in
de Dier Santo Xanthus a City and River in Phrygia in the Lesser Asia it ariseth from Mount Ida and washing the famous City of Troy falls into the Archipelago Called also by the Europeans Il Scamandro as it was Scamander by the Ancients Sanctors the same with Santerre â—ahia de â—oâ—â—s los Santos Sinus omnium Sanctorum a Gulph in Brasil in South America which gives name to a Government or Province there called Capitania de la bahia de todos los Sants betwixt the Province of the Isles Capitania dos Ilheos and that of Seregippe del Roy. The Capital of All Saints is S. Salvador under the Portugueze Santuliet or Sanflit Sanflita a small but strong Town in Brabant upon the Schelde between Antwerp to the South and Bergen op Zoome to the North three Leagues Soane Savo a small River in Campania di Roma in Italy which flowing through the Terra di Lavoro a Province of the Kingdom of Naples falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea between Sinuessa a ruined City and Volturno Saosne or Saone Arar Savona Sangona a great River in France called by the Italians Sona it ariseth out of Mount Vauge in Lorain near Dornay about twelve Miles from the Fountains of the Moselle to the North-West or as Baudrand saith within five and running Southward through the upper part of Franché Comté it watereth Gray and beneath it takes in the Loughon a great River from the East So it passeth by Auxone to Verdun above which the Doule a great River comes in from the East So passing by Challon Tornus Mascon and Ville Franche it entreth and divideth the City of Lyons and soon after falls into the Rhosne which conveys it into the Mediterranean Sea Some derive its Latin Name Sangona from the Blood of the Christians colouring its Waters at Lyons in the Massacre that was committed upon them there in the Reign of Marcus Aurelius the Emperour Sapienza an Island over against the City Modon in the Morea which gives the name of the Sea of Sapienza to that part of the Mediterranean which watereth its Coasts It was anciently called Spagia or Sphragia The Corsaires of Barbary lye in Ambuscade behind this Island for Vessels that come from the Gulph of Venice or the Coast of Sicily Sara a City of Armenia Major and another of Illyricum remembred in the ancient Geographies Sarabat Hermus a River of the Lesser Asia which ariseth in the Greater Phrygia and receiving the Rivers anciently called Crya Hillus and Pactolus falls into the Bay of Smyrna The Saracens Some deriving the original of this people from Hagar and Ismael call them Hagarenes and Ismaelites Others make them to be descended from Cham and that they were the Inhabitants of the ancient Saraca in Arabia mentioned by Ptolemy and of the Country whereof that City was the Capital It is certain they were an Arabian people and withal that their Name in Arabick signifies Robbers according to the common practice of their lives which they first began to discover in the fifth Century Attaining in the course of time to such an universal puissance as to over-run Syria Persia Palestine Egypt part of Sicily Italy France and most of the Islands of the Mediterranean under Kings of their own and to withstand the united Forces of Christendom in the eleventh and twelfth Ages till the Turks the Caliphs of Egypt and the Sophyes of Persia breaking severally into their Estates the very name of Saracen became abolished only as it is sometimes now applied to Mahometans because the Saracens were Mahometans Saragora Cesar Augusta Vrbs Edetanorum Salduba the Capital City of the Kingdom of Aragon in Spain called by the Inhabitants Zaragosa by the Italians Saragoza It is an Archbishops See of the Creation of Pope John XXII the Seat of the Courts of Justice for that Kingdom of an Inquisition and an University It stands upon the River Ebro which is here covered with a Bridge a little above the Confluence of the Guerva and beneath that of the Xaleon Nonius might justly say of it If the fertility of the Soil the pleasantness of its Site the beauty and elegance of the Buildings of this City be duely considered there can nothing be desired towards the improvement of it which is wanting The Houses are for the most part of Brick the Streets large and open so that for use and beauty it is equal to the best City in Spain It has a strong Wall four Gates a great number of Towers one Cittadel seventeen great Churches fourteen Monasteries and about three Miles in Circuit the Air is very clear and healthful but inclining to too much heat It is a City of great Antiquity having been a Roman Colony and in those times one of the principal Cities in Spain In 381. there was a Council celebrated here in which Priscillianus was condemned who had a great number of followers in Spain There were also other Councils held here in 516. 592. and 691. Prudentius one of the ancientest Christian Latin Poets was a Native of this place who flourished in the fourth Century This City was recovered out of the hands of the Moors in 1118. The Archbishops See was renewed in 1318. It stands forty two Spanish Miles from Valencia to the North twenty six from Pampelune and thirty eight from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Long. 20. 10. Lat. 42. 30. Saragossa See Syracusa Sarbruck or Sarbrucken Sarrae Pons a Town of Germany upon the River Sar in the Borders of the Dukedom of Lorain over against S. Jean Three German Miles from Deux-Pontz and nine from Metz to the East Heretofore an Imperial and Free City of Germany but fell afterwards under the Duke of Lorain and now in the hands of the French although not great yet it is a fine Town of great antiquity being mentioned by Antoninus in his Itinerary Sarcelle Rusicibar an ancient Town of Mauritania Caesariensis mentioned by Ptolemy and Antoninus and now in the Kingdom of Argier in Barbary Twenty eight Miles from the Capital of that Kingdom to the West It is a considerable Town has a large Haven on the Mediterranean Sea and a Castle Sarch Assyria a Province of Asia under the Turks See Assyria Sardinia Sandalioris Ichnusa a great Island in the Mediterranean Sea called by the Inhabitants Sardenna by the Spaniards Sardegna and by other Nations Sardinia In length from North to South one hundred and seventy Miles in breadth from East to West ninety in circuit five hundred It has eleven Harbours ninety four Watch-Towers to preserve it from the Turkish Pirats and in the Roman times it had forty two Cities in the former Ages of Christianity eighteen Episcopal ones which are now reduced to eight The first Nation that became Masters of it were the Carthaginians from whom it was taken by the Romans in the first Punick War about the year of Rome 493. two hundred fifty seven years before the Birth of our Saviour In the Fall of the Roman
to the North now also sometimes called Lamia Scalambri or Scaramis Caucana a ruin'd City and Port on the South of Sicily near Cape Passaro the most Eastern Point Scalona Ascalon a City in the Holy Land on the Mediterranean Sea between Azotus to the North and Gaza to the South eighteen Miles It was one of the Regal Cities of the Philistines after this it was a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem now reduced to a poor Village and a few Cottages as Leunclavius saith and the See is united to that of Bethleem Scamandro Scamander a small River in Phrygia in the Lesser Asia mentioned by Homer It falls into the Archipelago near Cape Janisary at the very entrance of the Hellespont North of the New Dardanells The River ariseth out of Mount Ida and has but a short Course Scandalor Pamphylia a Province in the Lesser Asia Scanderone Alexandria a City of Syria call'd by the Italians Alexandretta heretofore a Bishop's See and a celebrated Sea-Port at the Mouth of the River Belum now Soldrat upon the Bay of Laiazzo Issicum fifty Miles from Aleppo to the West twenty five from the Consines of Cilicia to the East The beginning of it is owing to a Castle built by Alexander the Great for a retreat whilst he besieged Tyre at the distance of four or five Miles from Tyre upon the same Coast to the South A Castle which Alexander called by his own name but time and corruption first changed it to Scandalion and now to Scanderoon Pompey destroy'd it in his Conquest of Phoenicia And in 1116. Baldwin I. King of Jerusalem whilest be besieg'd Tyre as Alexander had done before rebuilt it from which time it became a strong place an honourable Government and a safe retreat to the Christians during their possessions in the Holy Land Now saith Baudrand there is scarce any mention of it remaining except a few Cottages for the use of the Merchants and a Stone-House for the Captain of the Janisaries who collects the Grand Seigniors Customs But I have been informed by some Masters of Ships that have been there that this Place of late years is much improved by the Trade the English and Dutch drive in it Long. 68. 00. Lat. 38. 10. Scandinavia a vast Peninsula in the North of Europe containing the Kingdoms of Sweden Norway and Lapland Scandia or South Gothland by some Geographers is represented as the Southern part of it and Lapland the most Northern Scania See Schonen Scarborough a strong Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Pickering not very large but well built and inhabited standing to the Sea with a convenient Port for Trade upon a craggy steep and almost inaccessible Rock which the Sea washes on all sides but the West where the passage is narrow yet hath a strong Wall to secure it This Rock upon the top of it presents us with a fair Plain of sixty Acres of ground a Castle Royal garrisoned and a Spring of fresh Water Formerly a high stately Tower stood upon it which served as a Landmark to Ships at Sea but this in the last Civil Wars was demolished Scarborough besides is made a noted place by its Spaw and the Herring Fishery upon its Coasts Between which and Whitby to the North lies the Bay of Robin Hood the famous Robber in the Reign of K. Rich. 1. It hath the honour to be a Corporation also represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons Scardo Scardona a City ascribed by Ptolemy to Liburnia now in Dalmatia and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Spalato ever since 1120 called by the Sclavonians Scardin It is now but small lies upon the Adriatick Sea near the Lake of Prochlian at the Mouth of the River Titius and has a small Castle on an Hill in the Hands of the Turks This Place was taken by the Venetians and ruined in the year 1570. After this the Turks repossessed it and were re-expelled by the Venetians in 1647. In 1683. the Morlaques of Croatia drove the Turks away from it and garrisoned it Baudrand placeth it thirty five Miles from Zana to the East and nine from Sibenico to the North and saith the Venetians bought it of the Wayvode of Bosnia in the year 1411. for five thousand Duckats of Gold Scardonia an Island of Dalmatia mentioned in the Writings of the ancients but now unknown Scaren Scara a small City of Westrogethia a Province of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal and heretofore the Seat of the Kings of Gothland but now in a declining Condition it stands ten Miles from the Lake of Venner to the South and twenty from Falcop to the North. Scarlino Scapris vel Scabris a Town in Italy in the Territory of Siena and Principality of Piombino ten Miles from Massa to the South Before which was slain the famous Strozzi Prior of Capoua in the French Quarrel Scarpanto Carpathus an Island near Rhodes betwixt that and Candia in the Archipelago towards the Coast of the Lesser Asia belonging to the Turks It had heretofore four considerable Cities which are now reduced to one of the same name with it self but half ruined The former Knights of Rhodes or Malta as they are now called fortified it so as to reap great advantages by it both over the Sultans of Egypt and the Turks its situation rendring it considerable in relation to Egypt and Syria The present Inhabitants generally follow the Greek rites The Mountains have been thought to contain Mines of Gold and Silver but none have hitherto undertook to open them The Soil yields plenty of Wine and Fruits and here are delicate Patridges Scarpe Scarpa a River in Artoise it ariseth three Leagues above Arras and watering it and Douay and dividing Hainault from Flanders falls into the Schelde near Mortagne a great Town in Flanders six Leagues above Tournay to the South-West Scarsdale a Dale or Valley in Derbyshire encompassed with Rocks and Mountains according to the sense of the word Scaâ—re in the Saxon Language signifying a Craggy Rock It contains one of the parts into which the County is divided Chesterfield stands in it And K. Charles I. did it the honour to make an Earldom of it in the Person of Francis Leak Lord Deyncourt of Sutton created Earl of Scarsdale in 1645. which Title descended to his Son Nicholas and now is enjoyed by his Grandson the R. H. Robert Leake Scatono a small Town in the Province of Toscana in Italy near a Lake Noted upon the account of certain stones found thereabouts which do not Calcine by fire Scenitae see the Bedovins of Arabia Schaffhausen Probatopolis Scaphusia Schafusia a City of Switzerland called by the French Schafhouse the Capital of one of the Cantons It stands upon the Rhine four Miles beneath Constance to the West two beneath the Lake of Zell or das Zeller see as the Germans call it six from Basil and four from Zurich to the North. This is
South called Swold's Bay made by the shooting forth chiefly of Easton Ness the most Eastern Point of England The Cliff hath several Pieces of Ordinance planted upon it Sowe the River upon which Stafford is situated Sowtham a Market Town in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Knightlow Spa a small Town in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Low Countries famed for its Medicinal Mineral Waters Spahan See Hispaam Spain Hispania is one of the most considerable Kingdoms in Europe called heretofore Hesperia and Iberia It is separated from France towards the North-East by the Pyrenean Hills on all other sides surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea the Streights of Gibraltar and the Atlantick Ocean so that it lies in the form of a vast Peninsula joined to France by a Neck of eighty Spanish Leagues over Called by the Natives La Espanna by the French L'Espagne by the Italians La Spagna by the English Spain by the Poles Hispanska by the Germans Spanien and by the Dutch Spangien It s greatest length from East to West is one hundred and ninety German Miles or five hundred Italian It s circuit two thousand four hundred and eighty Italian Miles taking in the Creeks and Windings of the Seas and Mountains it is two thousand eight hundred and sixteen Miles the least of which Computations is four hundred and sixty Miles greater than France was forty years agone The ancient Geographers with one consent affirm That it abounded with whatsoever the Ambition or Needs of Men required full of Men and Horses all over replenished with Mines of Gold Silver Brass Iron and Lead white and black had Corn Wine and Oyl in abundance in short so extremely fruitful that if any place for want of Water was less useful yet even there Hemp and Flax thrived very well It was in those days the West-Indies of the World and like them the Store-House of the ancient Treasures The Ancients divided it into three great parts called by them Tarraconensis Baetica and Lusitania First Hispania Tarraconensis was the greatest of the three and the most Eastern On the East bounded by the Pyrenean Hills on the North by the Bay of Biscay on the West by the Atlantick Ocean and Lusitania on the South by the Mediterranean Sea and Baetica Secondly Hispania Baetica was the most Southern part bounded on the East and South by the former in part and by the Ocean on the West and North by the same Ocean and Lusitania Thirdly Hispania Lusitanica was the most Western part extended upon the Ocean between Hispania Tarraconensis and Hispania Baetica The very ancient History of this Country is either fabulous or lost The Phoenicians may justly be supposed to have been the first Civilizers of it and the Founders of the most ancient Cities as Diodorus Siculus and Strabo affirm After these who settled mostly in Baetica the Grecians followed who from Marseille sent many Colonies into Hispania Tarraconensis The Carthaginians were the next who about forty years after they were by the Romans dispossessed of Sicily Sardinia and Corsica in the end of the first Punick War about the year of Rome 512 by the Isle of Gades which was theirs before entered Spain and in less than twenty years under Amilcar Asdrubal and Hannibal the Son of Amilcar destroyed Saguntum built New Carthage conquered all the Nations of this Country as far the Pyrenean Hills and the Mediterranean Sea and might easily have subdued the rest but that Hannibal chose rather to revenge the Injuries of his Country and ruin Rome by an Invasion of Italy The Jealousie of the Carthaginians ruined his Designs in Italy and the Roman Fortunes prevailed in Spain too under Cornelius Scipio about the year of Rome 545. The People having been broken by the Carthaginians submitted the more willingly and easily to the Romans and continued under them till about the year of Christ 400 when Gundericus King of the Vandals first conquered them The Goths followed these and in 418 set up a Kingdom which in time extirpated the Vandals or drove them over the Sea into Africa This Kingdom continued under thirty one Princes till 724 when the Moors came in and after a Fight of seven Days continuance prevailed against the Goths and forced Spain They brought over fifty thousand Families of Moors and Jews and so fixed themselves here that though they were in a short time cantoned into a small Kingdom and the Spaniards with the remainders of the Goths who had secured themselves in the Mountains and other places of difficult access by the help of the French made a gainful and prevailing War upon them yet they could not be intirely subdued before 1492 In after times it is hard to say whether the good Fortunes or ill Government of the Spaniards have contributed most to the ruin of this once most potent Kingdom For first Ferdinando and Isabella in 1492 expelled out of Spain one hundred and seventy thousand Families of the Jews Philip II. in 1610. expelled nine hundred thousand Moors And America being found in the mean time the numbers of Spaniards that passed thither is unknown Philip I. succeeded in 1504 The first Prince of the House of Austria who reigned in Spain Charles V. his Son in 1516. Philip II. in 1556. Philip III. in 1598. Philip IV. in 1621. Charles II. the present King began his Reign in September 1665 being then an Infant This Kingdom is now divided into fifteen Kingdoms or Provinces viz. 1. Navarre 2. Biscay 3. Guipuscòa 4. Leon and Oviedo 5. Gallicia 6. Corduba 7. Granada 8. Murcia 9. Toledo 10. Castile 11. Portugal 12. Valentia 13. Catalonia 14. The Kingdom of Majorca 15. And the Kingd of Arragon Which are at this day all reduced under three Crowns or Governments Castile Portugal and Arragon The Religion professed is strict Roman Catholick especially since the introducing the Inquisition by Pedro Gonsales de Mendoza Archbishop of Toledo in 1478. The Christian Faith was taught this Nation very early by S. James or more probably by S. Paul Arianisin entered with the Goths and continued till 588. They never heard of the Roman Rites till after 1083 when a Frenchman being made Archbishop of Toledo endeavoured the Introduction of that Service and was at first opposed in it by all the other Prelates and People It had been well for Spain if it had never been received seeing it has cost that Nation so many of its People no less than three thousand Families having been destroyed by the Inquisition in one Diocese in three years not to mention the loss of the United Netherlands and the ruin of Flanders The Cities of Spain are too numerous to be here inserted New Spain Hispania Nova is a considerable Country in North America called by the Spaniards la Nueva Espanna and sometimes el Mexico from its Capital City It contains all that space of Land between the North and the South Sea that lies between the Terra Firma or Streight of Panama to the East and Florida to
1522 the Reformation was first Preached and in 1529 it was embraced Whereupon the year following this City entred a League with the Reformed Cantons for her Defence In 1538 here was an University opened by the Senate at the perswasion of Jacobus Sturmius a learned Man who flourished that time in the City which in 1566 was confirmed by Maximilian I. But in September 29. 1681 the present King of France having before possessed himself of all the rest of Alsatia suddenly surprized this important Place in a time of Peace when no Body suspected it and put an end to the Liberty of this great City Long. 29. 26. Lat. 48. 25. Hoffman Stratford-stony a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Newport in Watling-street Road a Military High-way of the Romans crossing all the Country This Town boasts to be the Luctodurum of the Romans and the place at which K. Edward the Elder whilst he fortified Towcester obstructed the passage of the Danes K. Edward I. for a memorial of his Queen Eleanor whose Corps rested here in their journey from Lincolnshire to London adorned it with a Beautiful Cross § Another in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Barlickway upon the River Avon over which it hath a large and fair Stone Bridge with two Parish Churches And is well inhabited Strathern Strathernia a County in the South of Scotland between Albany and Athole to the North Perth to the East and Menteith to the West and South Aberneath is the Capital of it Strath-Navern the most North-Western County in Scotland bounded on the North and West by the Ocean on the South by Southerland and on the East by Caithness It is all over run with Woods filled with Mountains desolate and cold and of small profit or regard Stratton a Market Town in the County of Cornwall The Capital of its Hundred Straubingen Augusta Acilia Serviodurum Straubinga a City of Bavaria in Germany which has a Bridge upon the Danube six German Miles beneath Ratisbone to the East and eleven from Presburg to the West Strel Sargetia a River of Walachia called Istrig by the Germans in which Decebalus hid his Treasures when he was attacked by Trajan it falls into the Marell a River of Transylvania Strenges or Strengenes Strengesia a City of Sweden in the Province of Sudermania which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal eight Swedish Miles on the Lake of Meler from Stockholm to the West and three from Torsil to the East Church-Stretton a Market Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Munslow Stridon or Strigna the same with Sdrin Strigonic Gran. Strivali or Strophadi Strophades two small Islands in the Ionian Sea South of Zante and about thirty Miles from the Western Coast of the Morea The largest not above three or four Miles in Circuit But extraordinary fertile in rasins and good fruits Full of Springs The Caloyers or Grecian Monks are the only People inhabiting it whose Convent is built in the manner of a Fortress with a Terrast of Canon for their security against the Corsaires of Barbary But seldom either the Corsaires or the Turks come here for any thing but water Stromboli Strongyle one of the Lipari Islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea on the North of Sicily which casts forth flames of Sulphure in fome places continually whilest others produce Fruits and Cotton in plenty It is ten Miles in circuit and made memorable amongst the Ancients by the Story of Aeolus Stromona Strymon a River of Thrace which springs from a part of the Mountain Haemus and separating Thrace from Macedonia falls into the Archipelago at the Gulph of Contessa In the Summer Season the Cranes frequent it so notably as to take the name of Strymoniae aves from it In the Winter they fly hence to the warm Nile as Lucan says Deseritur Strymon tepido committere Nilo Bistonias consuetus aves Strongoli Strongylum a small City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Calabria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Santa Severina and a Principality Placed on a high Hill three Miles from the Ionian Sea to the West eight from its Metropolis to the South-East and thirteen from Cortona to the North some believe it was of old called Macallum Strongyle See Stromboli Strophades See Strivali Stroud a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Bisley upon the Banks of a River of its own name over which it hath a Bridge This River hath the Virtue of giving the tincture of Scarlet Many fulling Mills stand upon it for that use The Town is well built generally of Stone Struden the Cataracts or precipitate Fall of the Danube in Austria beneath Lintz the Germans call it Seuvressel Strumita Myra a City of Lycia placed by Strabo in the Inland Parts near the River Lemyrus about two Miles from the Shoar formerly a Bishops See now the Metropolis having thirty six Suffragan Bishops under its Archbishop Long. 59. 40. Lat. 38. 25. Stugart Stugardia Stugartia a City of Schwaben in Germany the Capital of the Dukedom of Wurtemburg and the Seat of the Dukes It has a fine and a noble Castle stands upon the River Necker one German Mile from Esling to the West and four from Tubingen to the North. Stulingen a Town and Landgravate in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany La Stura Stura two Rivers in Lombardy The first in the Dukedom of Montisferat which falls into the Po at Pontestura four Miles beneath Casal The second riseth in Savoy and running South falls into the Po three Miles beneath Turin from the West Sturbridge a Market Town in Worcestershire and the Hundred of Halfshire upon the River Stower over which it hath a Bridge It is situated in a Flatt There is a Free-school and a Library here Sturminster-Newton a Market Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Brownsell It stands upon and hath a fair Stone-bridge over the River Stower showing the rests of an ancient Castle hard by in which the Kings of the West-Saxons kept their Residence Stymphalis a Mountain Town and Lake of the Peloponnesus in Arcadia called anciently by this name Now Monte Poglisi Vulsi and Longanico Styx a Fountain springing from the Lake of Pheneus at the foot of the Mountain Nonacris in the Peloponnesus in Areadia which the fictions contracted by its contagious qualities amongst the Poets have made known to all Suabia Schwaben Suachen Ptolemais a celebrated Port of the higher Aethiopia upon the Red Sea in the Hands of the Turks Long. 66. 00 Lat. 16. 26. According to the latter Maps Long. 68. 15. Lat. 19. 27. It is written Suaquem in these Maps Suani an ancient People remaining to this day about the Mountain Caucasus in Asia to the East of Mengrelia They are mentioned in Strabo And now the most civilized of all the Inhabitants of that Mountain A hardy valiant People good Soldiers and pretending to the name of Christians Succadana a City in the Island of Borneo in the East-Indies
Sucheu Sucheum a City of China in the Province of Queycheu Sucheu a City of China in the Province of Nankim Suching a City of China in the Province of Quamsi now under the King of Tunkim Suchuen a large Province in the Kingdom of China lying towards the South-West Borders of that Kingdom upon India and the Kingdom of Thibet Bounded on the North by Xensi on the East by Huquam on the South by Queycheu and on the West by the Further East-Indies the principal City of it is Chingtu It contains eight great Cities one hundred twenty four small Cities and four hundred sixty four thousand one hundred twenty eight Families The River Kiang divides it in two It suffered very much in the last Wars with the Tartars Suchzow Suczova a City of Moldavia or as Baudrand saith in Walachia upon the River Stretch in the Borders of Transylvania fifty Miles from Jassy to the West Always kept by a strong Garrison of the Turks in whose Hands it has been for some Ages Suda Amphimalia a Sea-Port Town at the North End of the Isle of Candy which has a strong Castle and a good Harbor Sudbury Colonia That is The South Town supposed to have had this name in opposition to Norwich or the North Town and to have been in ancient time the Capital or County Town It is feated upon the River Stour in the Borders of Essex in the County of Suffolk with a fair Bridge over the Stour leading into Essex and three Parish Churches A Mayor Town rich and populous by reason of a considerable Clothing Trade here driven especially in Sayes about fifteen Miles from Ipswich to the West and forty from London to the North represented by two Burgesses in Parliament The Honourable Henry Fitz-Roy late Duke of Grafton was Baron of Sudbury Sudermanland Sudermannia a County in the Kingdom of Sweden called by the Natives Sodermanland Bounded on the North by Westmannia and Vpsall on the South by the Baltick Sea It has the Honor to be a Dukedom of great Esteem being born by the Royal Family of that Kingdom The principal Places in it are Nicoping Stregnes and Trosa Suelli Suellis a very small City in the Isle of Sardinia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cagliari from which it stands fifteen Miles reduced almost to a Village Sueonie Suevonia a considerable part of the Kingdom of Sweden between Lapland to the North the Baltick Sea and Bay of Botnen to the East Gothia to the South and Norway to the West It contains ten Counties The Capital of it is the Royal City of Stockholm Sues Suez Arsinoe Cleopatris Posidium is a City or Sea-Port Town of Egypt in the bottom of the Red Sea containing about two hundred Houses and has a pretty Harbour but so shallow that a Ship cannot enter it nor a Galley till half unloaded but the Road is safe It has a Baraque rail'd with Timber Palissadoes thirteen Culverins and as many Cannons for its security It has a Greek Church an old ruin'd Castle and some indifferent Houses When the Ships or Galleys come in it is pretty Populous at other times almost desolate Thevenot Part I. pag. 176. Long. 63. 20. Lat. 29. 10. The Aethiopian Merchants with Spices Pearl Amber Musk precious Stones and other rarities out of India rendesvouz here Whence they transport them upon Camels to Cairo and Alexandria and there sell them to the Venetians and other Christian Merchants The Country environing this City is a sandy Desart which forces the Inhabitants to seek their Provisions elsewhere and their water at two Leagues distance The Isthmus betwixt the Mediterranean and the Red Sea separating Egypt from Arabia receiveth the name of the Isthmus of Suez from this Port. Suevi the ancient Inhabitants of the present Circle of Schwaben in Germany who in conjunction with the Vandals and the Alani about the year 406 entred and pillaged divers Provinces of the Gauls thence in 409 passing into Spain settled into a Kingdom in Galicia and Portugal under Hermericus their first King who died about 440 and was succeeded by eight other Kings till about the year 585. Leuvigildus King of the VVisegoths conquered and united their Estates of the Suevi to his own Suffolk Suffolcia is bounded on the E. by the German Sea on the N. by the Waveney and the little Ouse which rise in the middle of its bounds the first running East and the second West divide it from Norfolk on the West by Cambridgeshire and on the South by Essex severed from it by the Stoure It lies in the form of a Crescent The length from East to West about forty five Miles the breadth thirty the whole circumference of it is about one hundred and forty containing five hundred and seventy five Parishes and thirty Market Towns the Air mild and healthful the Soil rich level and fruitful such as yields abundance of Corn of all sorts Pease Hemp Pasturage and Wood. The more inland part is commonly called High Suffolk or the VVoodlands This County reckons nigh fifty Parks in it The Orwell Ore Blithe Deben and Breton contribute their streams for the watering of it with the three former Rivers its Boundaries The ancient Iceni a British tribe and afterwards the East-Angles possessed it in the several times of the Romans and the Saxon Heptarchy The principal places in it are Ipswich Bury and Sudbury The Marquesses or Earls of this County were Robert de Vfford or Clifford in 1335. VVilliam his Son in 1369. Michael de la Pole Lord Chancellor Created Earl in 1379. VVilliam de la Pole the IV. in this Line was made Duke of Suffolk by Henry VI. Edmond the VIII in this Line was the last of that name Beheaded by Henry VIII about 1510. In 1513 Charles Brandon Viscount Lisle was Created Duke of Suffolk who by Mary second Sister of Henry VIII had Henry Brandon who died a Child In 1551 Henry Grey Marquess of Dorset having married Francis Daughter of Charles Brandon was made Duke of Suffolk he was Beheaded in the Reign of Queen Mary in 1553. This was the last Duke of Suffolk In 1603. King James I. Created Thomas Lord Howard of VValden Earl of Suffolk to whom James Lord Howard the III. of this Line succeeded in 1640. Sugen Sugenum a City formerly part of the Province of Quamsi and belonging to China now under the King of Tunkin who has fortified it very strongly Sulmona or Solmona Sulmo a City of great Antiquity in the Province of Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon the River Sangro Sarus Eight Miles from the Borders of Abruzzo to the East almost seventy from Naples to the North and near ninety from Rome to the East It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Theatino and a principality belonging to the House of Borghese The Birth-place of Ovid the Latin Poet who tells us its distance from Rome and praises it for its Streams in Sulmo mihi Patria est gelidis
a Seminary for the English in 1589. the very year after the Spanish Armado had miscarried Philip IV. built a Magnificent Palace in it In 1322. a Council was assembled here Long. 15. 40. Lat. 42. 10. § There are two New Cities of the same Name in America one in New Spain in the Province of Honduras which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico since the year 1558. The other in Peru. Le Vallais or Valais Valesia See VVallisserlandt Valle 1. di Demona Demonae Vallis 2. Valle di Mazara 3. Valle di Noto Vallis Neaetina are the three Provinces into which the Island of Sicily is now divided The Valley of Iehosaphat a Valley betwixt the City Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives in Palestine to the East which lying two hundred and fifty paces lower than the City to that quarter serves as a Fosse to it It s length from North to South comes to about two thousand paces The name some derive from the Sepulchre of K. Jehosaphat anciently built upon it Some from a pretension that God will judge Mankind in this place because of the signification of the word Jehosaphat in Hebrew Gods Judgment and an expression in Joel 3. 12. Where v. 14. the same Valley is also called the Valley of decision elsewhere in Scripture the Valley of Kedron from the Brook of that name which traverses the middle of it and the Kings Valley from Solomons Garden at the foot of the Mount of Scandal a part of the Mount of Olives Upon this Valley at present is pretended to be shown the Sepulchers of King Jehosaphat Absalom the Prophet Zaehariah and S. James Bishop of Jerusalem all cut in Rocks The Sepulcher of the Virgin Mary in a Church built by Helena in 326. Where are also the Tombs of Joachim and Ann the Parents of the Virgin Simeon and Levi and that famous Queen Melisende in the eleventh Century who was the Daughter Wife and Mother of Baldwin II. Foulk and Baldwin III. three successive Kings of Jerusalem The Armenians Jacobites and Abyssines have their several Altars and Apartments in this Church which stands upon this Valley at the foot of the Mountain Viri Galilaei another part of the Mount of Olives Vallona a large Town in Albania recovered out of the Hands of the Turks by the Forces of the Republick of Venice Sept. 18. 1690. There were in it one hundred and thirty Pieces of Cannon Valois Vâ—lesti a Duchy in the Isle of France between it and Picardy and Champagne upon the River Oyse The chief Town of which is Crepi en Valois All the Kings of France from Philip IV. to Francis I. that is from 1328 to 1515 were from hence surnamed de Valois Valombre a Benedictine Abbey in the Florentine in Italy Valpo a River Town and County in Solavania between Esseck and Belgrade all in the Hands of the Emperor This River falls into the Danube three German Miles below Esseck to the South Valtelina Vallis Telina Volturena a small Tract belonging to the Grisons at the Foot of the Alpes through which the River Adda runs It belonged to the Dukedom of Milan and was granted to the Grisons by Francis I. in the year 1516. The Spaniards have thereupon all along pretended a Right to it and in 1620 seized upon it more for the convenienâ—â— of a passage between Tirol and Milan than for the value of the place though it is a most fruitful spot of Ground but the French the Pope and the Venetians interposing and a War insuing the Grisons at last recovered the Possession of it This Valley extends from East to West sixty Miles on the North it is bounded by the Grisons on the South by the States of Venice on the East by Tirâ—l and to the West by Milan There are four considerable Towns in it Morbegno Sondrio Tirano and Bormio It made a part of the ancient Rhâ—eâ—ia and was then inhabited by the Vennoneâ—es Van a Fortress of the Turks upon the Frontiers of Persia in Armenia which is little but very strong and stands upon a Lake of the same Name betwixt Mar di Bâ—chu and the Tigris which some call the Sea of Van and the Sea of Armenia because its Waters are salt Learned Men take it for the ancient Artemita It stands two hundred and fifty Miles from the Caspian Sea to the West Long. 78. 40. Lat. 40. 30. Vandali an ancient People upon the Coasts of the Baltick Sea in Germany who in the fifth Century in conjunction with the Alani and others made Invasions into Gaul and Spain In Gaul they lost Godegesilâ—â— their King and twenty thousand Men in one Battel in the year 405 before the Alani could advance to their relief In the other they Conquered the Kingdom of the Suevi defeated the Roman Forces in Boetica called a part of the Country Vandalitia now Andaluzia after their own name thence passed into Africa and established a Kingdom there in the Person of their General Gensericus to whom succeeded five others in the same honor till Bellisarius with the Emperor Justinians Forces took their last King Gelimer an Usurper upon the Right of Hilderic Kinsman to Justinian Prisoner and brought him to Constantinople in 533. These Kings were Arrians and severe Persecutors of the contrary Faith Vannes or Vennes Venetia Dariorigum Venetiae Dariorigum Venetorum a City of the Lesser Bretagne in France the Seat of the ancient Veneti who were hardly conquered by Julius Caesar in a Sea-Fight It is now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours and is a fine populous City by the Bay de Morbihan with a Castle which was anciently the Palace of the Dukes of Bretagne and divers Churches two Leagues from the Sea and twenty six from Rennes to the North-West Long. 17. 28. Lat. 47. 15. In 465. a Council was celebrated here Var Varus a River of Italy which ariseth in the Maritim Alpes in the County of Nizza and flowing South receives the Vaire Tince Vesubee and Esteron and at Nizza or Nice falls into the Mediterranean Sea after it has for many Miles divided Provence from the County of Nizza it is therefore accounted the Boundary between France and Italy though the French have some places on the South of this River and the Duke of Savoy on the North of it Varcevo Collentum a City of Dalmatia between Zara to the West and Scardona to the East under the Venetians Varna Dionysiopolis Barna Tiberiopolis Odessus Vâ—rna a City of Bulgaria which is an Archbishops See and has a Port upon the Euxine Sea at the Mouth of the River Zyra now Varna It stands between this River to the North the Sea to the East and the Lâ—ke of Devina to the South Still a place tolerably well peopled seven German Miles from Mâ—sember and the Borders of Thrace to the North. Most taken notice of upon the account of a great Defeat the Christians received here under Vladislaus King of Hungary November 11. 1444. Long.