Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	exile_n	grass_n	rush_n	242	4	16.8653	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A09011	Theatrum botanicum: = The theater of plants. Or, An herball of a large extent containing therein a more ample and exact history and declaration of the physicall herbs and plants that are in other authours, encreased by the accesse of many hundreds of new, rare, and strange plants from all the parts of the world, with sundry gummes, and other physicall materials, than hath beene hitherto published by any before; and a most large demonstration of their natures and vertues. Shevving vvithall the many errors, differences, and oversights of sundry authors that have formerly written of them; and a certaine confidence, or most probable conjecture of the true and genuine herbes and plants. Distributed into sundry classes or tribes, for the more easie knowledge of the many herbes of one nature and property, with the chiefe notes of Dr. Lobel, Dr. Bonham, and others inserted therein. Collected by the many yeares travaile, industry, and experience in this subject, by Iohn Parkinson apothecary of London, and the Kings herbarist. And published by the Kings Majestyes especial	Parkinson, John, 1567-1650.; Marshall, William, fl. 1617-1650, engraver.	1640 (1640)	STC 19302; ESTC S121875	2,484,689	1,753

spicatum ●ix●s of Camerarius The foure last sorts have not beene set forth before now The Vertues There are none of these Grasses used for man or beast that I can learne being most of them sharing or cutting Grasses but especially unprofitable for any Physicall use CHAP. XXXVII Gramina Iunce a palustais aquatica c. Rush-like Grasses of the Marshes Waters c. IN the former Classis I shewed you divers sorts of Rush-like Grasses that grew on the upper grounds in this I meane to exhibite those of the lower and indifferently dispose them together whether they be naturall to the Marshes or Moorish grounds the waters or the Sea sides 1. Gramen Iunceum palustre racemoso semine Marsh Rush like grasse with seedes in clusters This Rush grasse hath but few small Rush like leaves rising from the blackish threddy roote from among which commeth up divers stalkes a cubit high bearing at the toppes betweene small long leaves a small head formed like unto a bunch of grapes wherein lie the seede Gramen Iunceum minimum aquaticum capitulo squamoso A very small water Rush like grasse This small water Rush grasse hath as few but smaller leaves than the former being about two inches long a pe●ce the stalkes are foure or five inches high each of them bearing a small scaly reddish head with the toppe of the stalke appearing above it this is not that sort is expressed in the former Classis among other Rush grasses There is another somewhat like hereunto but that the stalke appeareth above the head which is not scaly 3. Gramen aquaticum Iunceum vulgare The Common Water Rush grasse 4. Gramen Iunceum aquaticum magis sparsa panicula Another water Rush grasse with joynted leaves 5. Gramen Iunceum aquaticum Bauhini folio articulato cum utriculis Bauhinus his double forme of Water Rush grasse 6. Gramen Iunceum maritimu● majus The greater Sea Rush-like Grasse 7. Gramen Iunceum marinum dense stipatum Thicke Sea Rush Grasse 9. Gramen Iunceum exile Plimmostij Small Rush grasse of Plimmouth 10. Gramen Iunceum magis exile paucifolum The lesser Rush grasse with few leaves 11. Gramen Iunceum minimum Holostio Matthioli congener The smallest Rush Grasse like the former Toade grasse 3. Gramen Iunceum aquaticum vulgare The common water Rush grasse The common water Rush grasse shooteth forth sundry joynted stalkes from a long thicke spreading roote and at each joynt a narrow Rush like leafe at the toppes of whom stand divers to all heades some what like unto those of Rushes 4. Gramen Iunceum aquaticum magis sparsa panicula The other water Rush grasse with joynted leaves This other water Rush grasse is very like in the growing unto the last the chiefest differences be in the stalkes that are greater and rise higher in the leaves which are joynted like unto the wood Rush grasse and in the tops which are more spread with small heads 5. Gramen Iunceum aquaticum Bauhini Bauhinus his double formed water Rush grasse I have hereunto added this double formed kinde of Rush grasse of Bauhinus called aquaticum whereby he would correct that Gramen aquaticum alterum which Lobel and Tabermontanus set forth because the leaves had no joynts in them as he saith the true sort should have but is rather another sort as I thinke for having given one figure with many small tufts or heades such as it beareth in the summer time he sheweth another that the same plant he saith after hay harvest shooteth forth another hand-high stalke with certaine chaffie heades parted into many threds and seldome beareth then any such like heads as the former on it not having seene his sort I can no further judge thereof but give you my opinion 6. Gramen Junceum maritimum majus The greater Sea Rushlike grasse This greater Sea Rush grasse hath many hard smooth leaves like Rushes rising from the tufted roote and among them sundry slender naked stalkes about a foote high with Rush like heades growing at the toppes but much smaller 7. Gramen Iunceum maritimum dense stipatum Thicke set Sea Rushlike grasse This other Sea grasse hath long hard leaves like Rushes growing thicke and close together the stalkes are slender and not much longer than the leaves every one bearing a small head at the toppe like unto a Rush whereunto the roote is like also 8. Gramen Iunceum maritinum minimum Zelandicum The least Sea Rushlike grasse of Zeland This whole plant scarse exceedeth halfe a cubit in height but spreadeth like a small tussocke from each severall roote whereof riseth a single small stalke with small hairy like leaves therewith a small thicke head at the top 9. Gramen Iunceum maritimum exile Plimostij Small Sea Rush grasse of Plimmouth The leaves of this small Rush grasse are many growing thicke together and as fine almost as haires or threds among which rise up sundry slender unjoynted stalkes bearing exceeding small sharpe pointed heades thereon the stalkes appearing above them and pointed the rootes are many small long fibers This was found as well at Plimmouth as Dover in their wet grounds 10. Gramen Iunceum magis exile paucifolium A lesser Rush grasse with fewer leaves This small grasse hath fewer and shorter stalkes and leaues than the last more soft also and delicate whose heads are a little bigger and prickly and the stalke rising above them as in the other the roote is small and slender 11. Gramen Iunceum minimum Holosto Matthioli congener The smallest Rush grasse like the former Toad grasse This little grasse groweth with sundry small thred like leaves scarse an inch and a halfe long with smaller on the stalkes which are about twise their length at whose toppes stand two or three small heades like to those of Rushes but with rounder graines or seedes therein and closer set together the roote is very small and threddy The Place and Time All these grasses are sufficiently declared in what manner of places they grow flourishing in the summertime as the rest doe The Names The first second fifth and eight are of Bauhinus mention The third of Tabermontanus and Lobel and so is also the sixt and seventh the rest have not beene exhibited by any before The Vertues There can as little be said of these Grasses being hard and saplesse that no cattle will feede thereon as of others the like nor having in them any medicinable quality for man CHAP. XXXVIII Gramen Iunceum lanatum sive Bombycinum vel Iuncus Bombycinus Cotton Grasses or Rushes I Have foure or five sorts of these woolly or Cotton Grasses to shew you in this Chapter which although they grow not all in wet grounds yet resembling one another so neerely I did not thinke it good to separate them but set them altogether 1. Gramen Iuncoides lanatum sive Iuncus Bombycinus vulgaris Common feather or Cotton grasse The ordinary Cotton Grasse hath a few long slender leaves almost like Rushes rising from a small

or making water by drops as also for those that are bursten bellied it provoketh womens termes or courses other drunke or applyed to the place the sumes thereof taken thorow a Reed or Tobacco-pipe either by it selfe or with some dryed Turpentine cureth them that have a cough it is put into bathes for women to sit in as also into Glisters to ease paines It is used in mollifying oyles and plaisters that serve to ripen hard impostu●s as also for the sweet scent thereof Galen saith that because it is temperate betweene heate and cold somewhat astringent and having a very little acrimony it is profitably used among other things that helpe the liver and stomacke doth gently procure urine and is put with other things into ●omentations for the mother when it is troubled with inflammations and gently to procure the courses it is as he saith hot and dry in the second degree but is more drying than heating and hath therein a little tenuity of parts as is in all sweet smelling things The Acorus or sweet smelling Flagge as Dioscorides saith is good to provoke urine if the decoction thereof be drunke It helpeth to ease the paines of the sides liver and breast as also to ease the g●ping paines of the coll●e and crumpe and good for those that are bursten It helpeth likewise to waste the spleene and to bring helpe to them that have the strangury and ●ceth those from danger that are bitten by any venemous Serpent It is very profitably used among other things in bathes for women to fit it as the Iris or Flower-deluce rootes are the juyce dropped into the eyes dryeth rheumes therein and cleereth the sight taking away all filmes or such like that may offend them The roote is of 〈◊〉 use in Antidotes against all venome or poison or infection thus saith Dioscorides furthermore it is a speciall remedy to helpe a stinking breath if the roote be taken fasting every morning for some time together The hot fumes of the decoction made in water and taken in at the mouth thorow a funnell are excellent good to helpe them that are troubled with the cough a dram of the powder of the rootes of Acorus with as much Cinamon taken in a draught of Wormewood wine is singular good to comfort and strengthen a cold weake stomacke The decoction thereof drunke is good against convulsions or crampes and for falls or inward bruises An oxymell or Syrupe made of Acorus in this manner is wonderfull effectuall for all cold spleenes and cold livers Take of the fresh rootes of Acorus one pound bruise them after they are cleane washed and pickt steepe them for three dayes in vinegar after which time let them be boyled together to the consumption of the one halfe of the vinegar which being strained forth set to the fire againe putting thereinto as much honey as is sufficient for the vinegar to bring it into a Syrupe an ounce of this Syrupe taken in the morning with a small draught of the decoction of the same rootes is sufficient for every dose The whole rootes preserved either in Sugar or Honey is effectuall also for the same purposes but the greene rootes preserved are more desired than the dryed rootes that are steeped and afterwards preserved The rootes bruised and boyled in wine and applyed warme to the testicles that are swollen dissolveth the tumour and easeth the paines it likewise mollifieth hard tumours in any other parts of the body It is verily beleeved of many that the leaves or rootes of Acorus tyed to a hive of Bees stayeth them from wandring or flying away and draweth a greater resort of others thereunto It is also affirmed that none shall be troubled with any fluxe of blood or paines of the crampe that weareth the hearbe and roote about them The rootes of Acorus or Calamus as it is usually called are used among other things to make sweet powders to lay among linnen and garments and to make sweet waters to wash hand gloves or other things to perfume them CHAP. XLIX Juncus odoratus sive Schaenanthos The sweet Rush or Camels Hay BEcause through all the sorts of Grasses and Rushes I finde none sweet fit for this Classis but this which I bring here to your consideration let me following the like method of Dioscorides insert this Rush and the other that shall follow in the next Chapter in the end of this part of sweet hearbes as a complement to the same Of this sort of sweet Rush I finde two sorts a finer and a courser or the true and a bastard kinde although the ancient Writers have made mention but of one sort which is the finest and truest 1. Juncus odoratus tenuior The finer sweet smelling Rush 1. Iuncus odora●us tenuior The finer sweet smelling Rush This finer Rush hath many tufts or heads of long rushe-like leaves thick set together one compassing another at the bottome and shooting forth upwards the outermost whereof are bigger or grosser than those that grow within which are a foote long and better small round and stiffe or hard and much smaller from a little above the bottome of them than any Rush with us of a quicke and spicy taste somewhat pleasant and of a fine sweet gentle or soft scent thus it hath growne with us but bore neither flower nor shewed any appearance of stalke by reason the Winter deawes perished it quickly but in the naturall places it beareth divers strong round hard joynted stalkes having divers short brownish or purplish huskes on the toppes containing within them mossie whitish short threads or haires wherein lyeth a chaffie seed the roote is stringy or full of long fibres which are very hard as they are brought to us from their naturall habitations which have the smallest scent or taste of any other part thereof for so much as ever I could observe either by the greene or dryed leaves that have beene brought unto us yet Matthiolus saith he had some plants that rose with him of seed whose rootes were-sweet some losing their scent but the leaves and rushes of his were bigger than ours here described having as hee saith leaves like Sedge which is Carex or Sparganium or like Zea which is a large or great kinde of wheat whereby I guesse it was of the greater or grosser kinde next hereunto following 2. Iuncus odoratus crassior The grosser sweet smelling Rush This greater or grosser Rush groweth in the same manner that the former doth but is greater in every part thereof and lesse sweet also as well as lesse sharpe and hot in taste whereby it seemeth to be a kinde of it selfe that groweth so great in the naturally as well as forraigne parts or that it being the same kinde by growing in moister places acquireth thereby the larger habitude The Place They grow naturally in Arabia Syria Mesopotamia and all that Tract of the Easterne Countries as also in some places of Africa The Time As I declared in the description it commeth

headed Grasse This small grasse riseth not much higher then a palme or handbreadth and from a white 〈◊〉 made of many fibres sendeth forth a few small hairy leaves an inch long as also a small and fine stalke with a flat spiked head and most sharpe aunes at the ends of the huskes whereof it consisteth 5. Gramen echinato capitulo Round prickly headed Grasse The roote of this grasse is composed of many white threds sending forth some few narrow rough leaves two or three inches long among which rise up slender some higher and others lower stalkes with one or two joynts and leaves at them each having at the toppe a small round head set with very sharpe prickles within the huskes whereof lye white cleere seede 6. Gramen Triglochin Dalechampij Arrow headed Grasse Vnto these grasses let me adde this also which although others doe referre to another genus yet I doe to this for the sharpe heads sake it hath sundry narrow slender leaves foure inches long among which the 〈◊〉 that hath no joynt or leafe thereon groweth a foot high bearing many small three square heads in a long 〈…〉 above another each on a severall short footstalke fashioned somewhat like to a broad Arrow head or the leafe of Sagitta●ia but th●● th●y are small and rounde● biforked below and sharpe pointed above the root is a small bush of many small white fibres The Place and Time The three first grow in dry places and old mudde walls and in the like places doe the other also grow and flourish at the save time with other sorts of grasses The Names The first was first called by Matthiolus Gramen aculeatum and since by others in like manner Bauhinus calleth it Italicum as he doth the second Germanicum which Lobel called palustra●●●natum and Lugdunensis Gramen aculeatum Dalechampij the third is not mentioned by any before now ● the fourth is set forth by Bauhinus and called Gramen spica pl●nis echinata● the fift is described both by Bauhinus and Columna this calling it Gramen montanum echinatum tribuloide● capitatum the other Gramen spica subrocund● echinata or Gramen echinat● capitulato the last is called by Lugdunensis Gramen Triglachin sive Vermiculatum Dalechampij which Bauhinus doth diversly referre as unto that Gramen of Thalius that some as he saith would make a rush but hee would not doe so for that the leaves were grassie and groweth in wet or moorish places but Lugdunensis saith his doth spring up in dry grounds as also unto Gramen spicatum marinum alte●um of Lobel whereunto I acknowledge it hath some resemblance but that the place seemeth to contrary it and that it is also the second Calamograstis of Tragus and the fourth Calamogrostis of Lugdunensis so that it seemeth that for some likenesse he applyeth the one to the other The Vertues Matthiolus would transferre the vertues of his Gramen acul●at●●● to those of Dioscorides but there is much doubt made thereof by the learned and of the rest there is nothing can be learned worth the relating CHAP. XXIX Sch●nogrostis sive Gramen Iu●●eum Rush Grasses THere are divers sorts of Rush Grasses some that grow in the upland grounds some in the watery and moorish plashes and some neare the Sea shores of the former onely I meane to entreate in this Chapter and of the rest in the 〈◊〉 Classis among the moorish and water plants 1. Gramen Iunceum montanum subcaerulea spica Cambro britanicum The gallant mountaine Wels● Rush Grasse This gallant Rush Grasse hath a great 〈…〉 slender Rush like leaves little lesse then a cubit or halfe a yard long from among whom riseth up two or three ●lender small stalkes eight or nine inches long and much lower then the leaves bearing at their toppes out from betweene two leaves which are rather like skin● being broad below and small toward the end yet one alwayes longer then the other a small spi●●d scaly like head of a fine blewish colour 2. Gramen Iunceum spe●●osum minus Another gallant small Rush Grasse This small Rush Grasse is very like the former but that it hath much smaller 〈◊〉 like leaves not past three or foure inches long rising out of ● browne hard huske or ●ose for at the toppe of a small fibrous roote from among which spring up divers joynte● stalkes with such like leaves on them and a 〈◊〉 head at the toppe like unto the former but of a browne 〈◊〉 Chesnut colour and smaller as the whole plant 〈◊〉 having two small leaves the●eat as in the former 3. Gramen Iunceum Dalechampij Dalechampius his Rush Grasse Dalechampius his small Rush grasse that groweth in cold and dry places ●●th 〈…〉 round rush-like greene leaves rising from a very long white fibrous roote whence spring divers joynted stalkes with some few leaves on them and at the toppe a spar●ed or open spiked head somewhat like unto the Holosteum Salaman●●um of Clusius consisting of many purplish huskes 4. Gramen Iunceum vulgare The common Rush grasse The leaves of this common Rush grasse are almost round seven or eight inches long among which the stalkes that are a span long beare at their heads sev●rall small panicle● spike fashion one above another the roote is composed of brownish yellow thre●s 5. Gramen Iunceum sylvarum majus articulato foli● The greater joynted wood Rush Grasse The stalkes of this Rush grasse are somewhat flat and very greene the leaves are almost round with many severall crosse joynts on them the tufted heads at the toppe o● the stalkes that are neare two cubits high are much spread into many rush-like pannickles and somewhat flat also the roote creepeth a little set with many small fibres 1. Gramen Iunceum subcaerulea spica Cambro Britanicum The gallant Welsh Rush Grasse 2. Gramen Iunceum speciosum minus Another gallant small Rush grasse 3. Gramen Iunceum Dalechampij Dalechampius his Rush Grasse 4. Gramen Iunceum vulgare Common Rush Grasse 5. Gramen Iunceum sylvaticum sparsa panicula The greater joynted wood Rush Grasse 6. Gramen Iunceum sylvarum minus articulato folio A lesser joynted wood Rush Grasse 6. Gramen Iunceum sylvarum minus articulato folio A lesser joynted wood Rush Grasse The divers stalkes of this Grasse that rise from the hard spreading roote with many fibres thereat doe take roote againe in the ground and beare such like joynted leaves and small spread pannickle heads above very like unto the last but smaller by the halfe in each And there is a smaller also whose leaves are long and slender Minus but not joynted the pannickle whereof is smaller also but sparsed in like manner 7. Gramen Iuncoides Iunci sparsa panicula Rush Grasse with rush-like sparsed heads The stalkes hereof are slender somewhat flat and almost two foote high the leaves are smaller then the common sort about two spans long the toppes likewise are smaller and spread with whitish heads the roote is yellowish spreading it selfe with

and watery places as other Reedes doe The Place and Time All these sorts of Reedes delight to grow in waters or watery overflowne grounds the severall countties are specified in their titles or descriptions and are all ripe about the end of September The Names It is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Calamus and Harundo or Arundo as some writes it whereof the mas according to Theophrastus is the Nastos farcta the solid or stuffed Reede and the faemina the hollow The first is Phragmatis as Ruellius and Dodonaeus calleth it and Vallaris or Vallatoria as Lobel Dodonaeus Lugdunensis and others doe call it and Arundo palustris as Matthiolus and Tabermontanus doe but Anguilara calleth it C●nda faemina Dioscoridis and Cordus Calumus vulgaris the second hath beene onely found with us the third is called Arundo domestica by Matthiolus and others and Donax sive Cypria by Dodonaeus Lobel and others and Italica major by Camerarius for indeede it is one and the same sort whether it grow in Italy Spaine or else where although one country greater and higher then in another according to the soile and climate the fourth is probable to me to be the same that Theophrastus calleth Laconica although it was entituled Indica by them that sent it the fift is generally called Arundo Saccharifera and Saccharata by all that have written of it the sixs is as I sayd the Arundo Epigeios of Theophrastus by Lugdunensis which Bauhinus calleth Arundo repens for what cause I know not and Chamaecalamus and thinketh it to be that which Gesner in hortis calleth Arundo humilis and Copia Elegia as it was termed by them that had it but surely the Epigeios is differing from the true Elegia as I have before shewed the seaventh is called as I sayd before Arundo Elegia by the Graecians with whom it groweth The last last is so called by Alpinus as it is here The Arabians call it Casab the Italians Canna the Spaniards Cannas the French Canne and Rosean the Germans Korh the Dutch Riet and we Reede The Vertues Galen saith that the rootes have a cleansing quilitie but not sharpe and the leaves also The fresh leaves bruised or the rootes applyed to those places that have thornes splinters or the like in the flesh doe draw them forth in a short space the same also applyed with vinegar helpeth members ou● of joynt and easeth the paines in the loines the fresh leaves also bruised and applyed unto hot impostumes inflammations or S. Ant●●●ies 〈◊〉 easeth them the ashes made of the outer rinde of the stalke mingled with Vinegar helpeth the falling of the haire the same things doe the other sorts of Reedes as well the flower or woolly substance if it happen into the eares it sticketh therein so fast as that by no meanes it will be gotten forth againe but will procure deafenesse withall Some have as it is sayd observed that the Ferne and the Reede are at perpetuall enmitie the one not abiding where the other is as also the amitie betweene the Asparagus and the Reede to thrive wonderous well being planted among Reedes They are also put to many very necessary matters both to thatch houses to serve as walles and defence to gardiners in the cherishing of their plants to Watermen to trim their Boates to Weavers to winde their yarne on and divers others uses The Sugar that is made of the Sugar Reede hath obtained now a dayes so continuall and daily use that it is almost not accounted Physicall because of the tempatenesse of heate and moisture therein nourishing much and helping coughes and hoarsenesse of the throate and is used to be put into cooling as well as heating and warming medecines PLANTAE PALVDOSAE AQVATICAE ET MARINAE MVSCI ET FVNGI MARSH WATER AND SEA-PLANTS VVITH MOSSES AND MVSHROMES CLASSIS DECIMAQVARTA THE FOVRETEENTH TRIBE CHAP. I. HAving declared all the Grasses of Trifolium paludosum Marsh Trefoile the Vplands with Rushes and Reeds in the last foregoing Tribe I thinke it fittest to joyne those other Herbes Grasses that grow either in the Marshes or Waters or neere the Sea side before I entreate of the other Maritime Plants then follow on ut supra Trifolium Paludosum Marsh Trefoile The Marsh Trefoile riseth up with a spongious flexible stalke halfe a yard high or more with sundry smooth thicke and somewhat broad darke greene leaves set thereon at farre distances three alwayes joyned together and standing on a long footestalke from the middle of the stalkes up to the toppes where commeth forth a long bush or spike of fine pale blush flowers each of them consisting of five round pointed leaves with a long thicke pointed umbone in the m●ddle which t●gether with the leaves thereof are covered with a fine hairy downe or frize which addeth the greater beauty to it after which are past come small round heads in their places containing in them brownish yellow seede and bitter the roote is long and white creeping in the mud all about and shooting afresh at the joynts The Place and Time It groweth onely in wet and moorish grounds and will not abide out of it for the stalke doth quickely grow lancke and withered being broken off from it it flowreth in Iuly and the seede is ripe in August The Names It is generally called Trifolium palustre or paludosum and is the Menianthes of Theophrastus which he saith groweth in watery plashes whereupon it is called by Lugdunensis who giveth two figures being all one Menianthes palustre Theophrasti which differeth from the Menianthes of Dioscorides being the Trifolium Asphalitites or ●ituminosum Dodonaeus taketh it to be Isapyrum of Dioscorides by correcting his Text and yet it will not be and besides saith that some called it Trifolium hircinum and others Fibrinum as Tabermontanus also doth who maketh two sorts thereof majus and minus and both names made from the Dutch appellations The Germanes calling it Biber●●ee a Castore And the Low Dutch Boex boonen hoc est faselum hircinum We call it in English generally Marsh Trefoile yet some Marsh Claver The Vertues We know of no property in it to be applyed as a remedy for any disease but if you will take it to be Isopyrum because the seede is bitter as Isopyrum is then Dioscorides sheweth that the seede is good against the cough and other griefes of the brest or chest for as Galen saith it clenseth and cutteth tough and grosse humours and maketh them the easier to be expectorate or spit forth it is also good to purge or clense the liver and helpeth those that spit blood CHAP. II. Caltha palustris vulgaris simplex Common single Marsh Marigold THe single Marsh Marigold for I have spoken of the double in my former Booke although I give you the figure of it here againe hath divers great broad round deepe greene shining leaves a little dented about the edges every one on

wilde Flaxe 1334. c. 1687 Toade Flaxe and the sorts 456. Fleabane and the sorts 125.126 Marsh or Water Fleabane 1231. Fleawort and the sorts 277 Flyebane is Catchflie Flixweede 830. Floramour or Flower gentle 753. Florey 602 Flotegrasse 1276. Flookewort or Water Penny wort 1214 Flower of Bristow single and double 629 Flower deluce and the sorts 255. c. Flower of the Sunne in my former booke Small Sun flower 660. Fluellen 553 Folefoote or Coltsfoote 1226. Folium Indum 1584 Sea Folefoote or Saldanella 167 Fooles stones or Orchis Morio 1346. Foxe stones 1350 Foxe taile grasse and bastard Foxetaile grasse 1166.1167 Medicke Fodder 1114. Forget me not or ground Pine 184 The Indian Fortune teller of life and death 1616 Foure leafed grasse 1112. Foxegloves 653 Foxe stones 1350. Frambois or Raspis in my former booke Franke Spurry 567. Francumsence tree 1602 White Francumsence ibid. Herbe Francumsence 881.684 Fresh water souldier 1249. Erench Beanes 1056 French Lavander 67. French or Vine Leekes 870 French Mallowes 298. French Marigolds French Mercury 295. French Sage 53 French Wheate or Bucke Wheate 1141 French or Romane Wormewood 48 Friers Cowle 375. Friers crowne 978 Froggebit 1253. Frogge grasse or Toadegrasse 1190 Frogge grasse or Grassewort 281 Fumitery 287. Bulbous Fumiterry 287 Syrian blacke bulbed Fumiterry 623 Furze or the Furze bush 1003 Fusse balles 1324. Spanish Fusseballs 1320 Fusses or Fustes be the refuse of Cloves 1577 G. GAlanga the greater and the lesser 1585 English Galinga or Galingale that is long sweet Cypress 145 Gallow grasse or Hempe 597 Gall Oake or tree and divers sorts of Galls 1390 Gang flower 1333. The sea Garland 1294 Garlicke 870. Crow Garlicke ibid. Wilde Garlike or Moly 870.871 Gaten ox Gater tree is Doggeberry tree 1521 Gaule or sweete Willow 1452 Gelded Satyrion or handed Orchis 1359 Gelder Rose 208. Gelsemine or Iasmine 1484 The greater Gentian or Fellwort 401 The Lesser Gentian of the Spring 404 Autumne Gentian 406. Germander and the sorts 104.105 Tree Germander and the sorts 109 Thorny sweete water Germanders 1676 Water Germander or Marsh or Garlike Germander 110 Gill creepe or goe by the ground is Al●hoofe 677 Gillo flowers and their sorts in my former booke Queenes Gillow flowers or Dames Violets 628 Rogues Gillow flowers is the same ibid. Stocke Gillow flowers wilde of divers sorts 622. c. Wall flower or Gillow flower 626. Sea stock Gillow flowers 622 Water Gillo flowers 1257. Winter Gillow flowers 624.626 Sea Girdle 129● Yellow stocke Gillow flowers is Wallflowers 625 Gill runne by the streete is Sope wort 642 Ginger of two sorts 1613. Water Gladiolus 1250 Gladwin or stinking Gladwin 257 Glassewort the sorts 279.1284 Glidewort is Iron wort 588 Globe Thistle 978. Globe Daysie is blew Daysie 529 Globe Crowfoote in my former booke Goates beard 411 Goates Organy or Marjerome 16. Goates Rue 417 The Indian ratling God 1666 Goldflower or Goldilocks 690. Goldenflower Gentle 70 Golden flower of life ibid. Gold cups is Crowesfoote 333 Golden Rod and the sorts 542 Golden tufts 687 Golden Saxifrage 426. The Italian Gondalo or Cymbalaria 681 Gold of pleasure 867. Gorse or Furse 1005 Goose tree Barnacles or Brant Geese 1306 Goose berry bush and the sorts 1561. Goosegrasse or Clavers 567 Goose foote 749 Goose nest or Birds nest 1362 The Indian fruitfull Gourd bearing Almonds 1640 The Ethiopians sower Gourd 1632 The Diamond fashioned Chesnut Gourd 1639 Gourds of divers sorts 768. The bitter Gourd 160 Goe to bed at noone is is Goates beard 413 Gout wort or Herbe Gerard. 943 The Scarlet Graine 1396. The roote Graine 947 Graines of Paradise or Ginney Graines 577 Gratia dei or Gratiola is Hedge Hysope 220 Gromell and the sorts 431. Sea Grapes 451 Vine Grapes of divers sorts 1556 Arrow headed Grasse 1187. Bulbed Grasse 1175 Cats taile Grasse 1169. Canary Grasse 1163 Capons taile Grasse 1162. Bastard Canary Grasse 1164 Cotten Grasse 1271 Cockesfoote Grasse 1178 Corne Grasse 1157. Crested Grasse ibid. Cyperus Grasse 1171. Cyperus like Grasse 1265 Marsh Cyprus Grasse 11267 Sweete Dutch Grasse 1156. Flowring Cyperus Grasse 1196 Dew Grasse 1178. Dogges Grasse 1173 Finger Grasse 1189. Foureleafed Grasse 1112 Foxtaile Grasse 1166. Bastard Foxtaile Grasse 1167 Gillowflower Grasse 1161. Haver Grasse 1147 Hedghogge Grasse 1187. Kneed Grasse 1177. Maidenhaire Grasse 1164. Marsh Grasse Medow tufted Grasse 1155. Millet Grasse 1153 Mountaine tufted Grasse ibid. Mountaine and woodspiked Grasse 1161. Painted Grasse Oaten Grasse 1144. Panicke Grasse 1154. Pearle Grasse 1166 Parnassus Grasse single and double 429. Pipe grasse 1153 Prickly headed Grasse 1187. Purple Grasse 1112 Quakers or Quaking Grasse 1165. Quich Grasse 1175 Bulbed or Knobbed Quich grasse 1175 Reede Grasse 1180. Marsh Reede Grasse 1273 Sea Rush Grasse 1278. Sea Grasse 1275 Rush Grasse 1188. Rush Marsh Grasse 1269 Scorpion Grasse 1117. Spiked Grasse 1159 Three leafed Grasse of divers sorts 1112. c. Toade Grasse or Frogge Grasse 1190. Gold tufted Grasse 1157 Virginia jointed Spike Grasse 1163 Wood Grasses smooth and hairy 1184 Water Grasses 1274. Water Rush Grasses 1269. 1271 Winter Greene. 508. Greene. 508. Greeneweede 229 Ground Pine 282. Stinking ground Pine and not stinking 568 Groundsell and the sorts 671. Gutwort 199 Guaiacum or Lignum vitae 1586. Counterfeit Guaiacum or a tree like Guaiacum ibid. The America vice Guaiacum 1651 The blacke Moores Guaiacum 1652 A differing Indian Guaiacum 1587. Gum Amiimi●m 1594. 1580 Gum Anime 1670 Gum Arabecke 1543. Gum Armoniacke 1541 Gum Caranna 1576. Gum Copall 70 Cherry tree and Plume tree Gum. 1543. Gum Elomni 1586 679. Gum of Ivy. 679. 1544. Gum of Iuniper 1030 Gum Lacke 1588. Gum Sarcocoll 1544 Gum Tacamabaca 1608. Gum Tragacanth 996 H. HArd beame or Horne beane tree 1405 Hares Lettice 806. Good King Henry or English Mercury 1226. Harts ease 756. With a double flower 1682 Hartshorne 503. Hartwort of Candy 905 Hartwort of Ethiopia 907. Hartwort of Marseilles 903 Hartwort of Peloponesus 907 Harts tongue 1046. Harts thorne 501 Harts Trefoile is Mellilot 718 Hasell nut tree 1416. Witch Hasell is Hornebeame 1405 Indian purging cornered Hasell nuts 1638 Haske wort is Throatwort and the sorts 643 Hatchet Fetch 1088. Hather or Heath 1480 Haver or Oates 1134. Haver grasse or Oategrasse 1144 Hawke weede and the sundry sorts thereof 787 Hawthorne ordinary and smaller and Christinas or Englands twice flowring Hawthorne 1025. Haymaides is Alehoofe 677 Evergreene Hawthorne or Pyracantha S. Thomas his Heart 1621 Heath and the sundry sorts thereof 1480. Sea Heath 1296 Heath of Ierico or Heath Bose 1384 Faire Heath low Pine 570 Hedghogge Licoris 1099. Hedghogge Thistle 1001 Hedge Hysope 220. Hellweede 10 Blacke Helleborre or Christmas flower 211 Bastardblacke Hellebor or Bearefoote 212 Matthiolus his Bastard blacke Hellebor or Epipectis 214 The greatest bastard blacke Hellebor or Setterwort 212 White Hellebor or Neesewort 216 Wild white Hellebor of sundry colours 217.218 Helmet flower 315. Hemlocke and the sorts 932 Hempe and the sorts 597.

above an inch or two high although they naturally grow by ponds sides having three or foure Rushes somewhat great and thicke for their proportion rising from a fibrous roote this hath not beene observed to bring any heads for seede Iuncellis Lobelij and therefore is called inutilis Like hereunto is that small Rush mentioned in the Adversaria by the name of Luncellus but that it groweth somewhat higher and bea●eth round tufts on the Rushes The P●ace and Time Many of these Rushes grow in watery plashes and grounds and the first usually in the deeper waters the three last grow in dryer places and flourish chiefly untill the end of August or September yet abide greene all the yeare The Names 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Greeke so called a loris funibus for so in former times it was used is Iuncus a jungend● in Latine from the same effect of binding things together the first is taken by Cordus and Bauhinus to bee the Mariscu● Plinij furthered by Gaza his translation of Theophrastus setting downe Mariscus alwayes for his Holosch●nos as being the greatest which is as Pliny saith ad texandas tegetes aptum yet as Lugdunensis saith some take the Iuncus floridus or Gladiolus palustris to b● it seeing it as well as this is fit to be brought into sundry workes Bauhinus also and others take it to be Scirpus yet it is thought that the ancients tooke them to be different plants Terence in Andria bringeth in Donatus to say Junci species est scirpus laevis et enodis and such an one is this Rush without any joynt therein whereupon came the proverbe Nodum in scirpo quaerere to seeke a knot in a rush spoken of such as are scrupulous and doubtfull whereof no scruple or doubt neede to bee made some thinke that the text of Dioscorides is corrupt and that in stead of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iuncus laevis it should be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iuncus palustris and that by comparing Paulus Aegineta therewith who hath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and so hath Hermolaus Barbarus also observed it Gesner and Dodonaeus call it Iuncus grandis Holoschaenos and Lugdunensis Holoschaenos Theophrasti Tragus and others Iuncus palustris major and Lobel and others Iuncus aquaticus laevis maximus the second Bauhinus calleth Iuncus sive Scirpus medius and saith it is the same that Tabermontanus calleth Iuncus sylvaticus the third is the Iuncus vulgaris alte● of Tragus Iuncus laevis vulgaris of Cordus Dodonaeus and Lobel and Oxyschaenos by Anguilara and Lugdunensis the fourth Lobel calleth glomerato flore and Iuncus simply by Matthiolus and others and Iuncus laevis by Lugdunensis the fift is Bauhinus his title and so are the two last the Arabians call it Dis the Italians Giunco the Spaniards Iunco the French Ion● the Germanes Bintzen the Dutch Bi●sen and we Rushes The Vertues The seede of Rushes of this soft kind especially saith Galen and Dioscorides tosted saith Pliny being drunke in wine and water doth stay the flux of the belly or Laske and womens Courses when they come downe two abundantly it provoketh also Vrine but it causeth headach it provoketh sleepe likewise but it must be given with caution least it bring a dead sleepe with it the bottome or tender leaves or part of the Rushes next to the roote being applyed to the bitings of the Phalangium or poysonous Spider healeth them the roote saith Pliny boiled in water to the thirds helpeth the cough Pliny maketh mention of an Oleum Iuncinum made of Iuncus as sweete as that of Roses but sure it was not made of any of these sorts of Rushes but of the Iuncus odoratus sweete smelling Rush Galen sheweth excellently the property of the seedes of Rushes that it is compounded of an earthly essence somewhat cold and a watery somewhat hot so that by drying the lower parts it doth leasurely send up vapours to the head whereby sleepe is procured CHAP. XXXI Iuncus asper sive Acutus Hard or Sharpe Rushes OF this kinde of Rushes there are also divers sorts some great and some small some bearing seede others barren or bearing none 1. Iuncus acutus vulgaris Common hard Rushes Our common Rushes that serve to strew the roomes and chambers in houses groweth in the same manner that the former sort doth but that sometimes the stalkes as it were give Rushes one from out of another and not all from the roote seperately as others and are also hard and sharper pointed with little or no pith within them the tufts are small hard spread abroad and short that breake out towards the toppes as the other sorts doe 2. Oxyschaenos sive Iuncus acutus Alpinu Cambro britanicus Welsh hard or sharpe Rushes The Rushes of this sort are many about halfe a foote long or more somewhat great hard and sharpe pointed from among which rise up naked Rushes or stalkes halfe a yard high and from betweene two short leaves breaking forth a sparsed pannickle of sundry small chaffie huskes like unto Reed grasse of a brownish colour the roote is a bush of brownish hard fibres 3. Oxyschaenos sive Iuncus acutus minor Small hard Rushes This small Rush groweth very like unto the first but with finer smaller and as hard Rushes as the other the tuft or panickle also is very like it but closer and not so much spread open 4. Iuncus maritimus capitulis Sorghi Sea hard Rushes with blackish round heads of seede This hard Sea Rush hath sundry skinny browne heads set next about the hard long slope roote which hath many small fibres under it out of which rise thicke round hard long and very sharpe pointed Rushes from among which rise other Rushy stalkes three cubits high sometimes bearing at the toppes from betweene two short leaves a number of blackish round heades a little pointed sometimes but one and sometime two or three standing close 1. Juncus acutus vulgaris Common hard Rushes ● Iuncus acutus Cambro brit●nicus Welsh hard or sharpe Rushes 3. 7 Oxys●haenos Iuncumseu acut●● minor 〈◊〉 acu●●● maritimus Anglicus Small hard Rushes and English Sea hard Rushes 4. Iuncus maritimus capitalis Sorghi Sea hard Rushes with blackish round heads of seede 5. Iuncus acutus maritimus alter Sea hard Rushes with whitish round heads of seede 8. Iuncus maritimus Narbonensis The Sea hard Rush of Languedocke joyned together hanging downe from a short footestalke which when they are ripe open into three parts shewing small and somewhat long seede within them 5. Iuncus acutus maritimus alter Sea hard Rushes with whitish round heads of seede This other Sea Rush groweth after the same manner that the last doth in all things as well in height as in thicknesse or greatnesse onely the heads of seedes are rounder and not pointed and breake out of the Rushes two or three inches under the toppe or sharpe pointed ends about Midsomer each of those round heads will be covered as it were with a white downy

or cottony matter which bindeth and dryeth exceedingly 6. Iuncus acutus maritimus caule triangulo Sea sharpe Rushes with three square stalkes The roote hereof is creeping and fibrous sending forth a few short leaves and long three square stalkes about a foote in length very sharpe pointed at the end two or three inches under which breake forth sundry scaly and woolly heads of a brownish colour 7. Iuncus acutus maritimus Anglicus English Sea hard Rushes Our English Sea Rushes differ little in the growing from the other Sea Rushes but that the pannickle is longer and slenderer composed of many chaffie huskes 8. Iuncus maritimus Narbonensis The Sea hard Rushes of Languedocke This French Rush hath many slender tough and pliant long and sharpe pointed Rushes of a pale greene colour from among which riseth a small stalke little longer then the leaves bearing at the toppe three leaves whereof one is exceeding long and the other are short in the middle of whom stand● large ro●●d head composed of many long sharpe huskes set in eares of a pale brownish colour wherein lye small seede the roote is browne long small and creeping set with divers short fibres thereat smelling reasonably well The Place and Time The first groweth in many low moist neglected grounds and fields where it taketh up much roome and doth little good The second was found by Doctor Lobel in his life time upon a high hill in Wales called 〈◊〉 in sundry the wet and moorish grounds in many places thereabouts The third about Mo●pelier 〈◊〉 thereabouts The fourth and fifth in Narbone as Lobel saith and betweene Saint Iohns de l●ce and Bayon a● we have beene enformed The sixth both on the Venetian shore and in the way from Mompelier to the Sea The seventh groweth on many of our English coasts And the last about Narbone in France also And doe all flowrish in the end of Summer The Names The Greekes call it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Oxyschaenos and in Latine thereafter Iuncus acutus asper The first is called Iuncus acutus vulgatior by Lobel and Dodonaeus The second hath not beene set forth before and therefore hath the name according to the place of the growing thereof The third is also but now made knowne to all The fourth and fifth are set forth by Lobel and Pena in their Adversaria under the title of Iuncus maritimus duplex The former Bauhinus calleth Iuncus acutus capitulis Sorghi Oxyschaenos Dioscoridis The later is referred by him unto the Iuncus Holoschaen●s major of Lugdunensis and was brought by Boel from Bayon by the name of Iuncus Coriandri semine rotundo and taken to bee the true Oxyschaenos of Dioscori●●s The sixth Bauhinus calleth as it is in the title The seventh is peculiar to our Coasts and hath the name accordingly The last is the Iuncus maritimus Narbonensis of Lobel whereof I cannot finde that Bauhinus hath made any mention The Vertues The properties of this hard Rush are referred to the former working the like effects as it is thought but more weakely CHAP. XXXII Iuncus acumine reflexo Hard Rushes with bending heads THere are yet some other kindes of Rushes to be handled which because I would not huddle together I must distribute into sundry Chapters that so every species may be under his owne genus as neere as may be 1. Iuncus acumine reflexo major The greater bending Rush The greater of these turning Rushes groweth after the manner of the greater soft Rushes hath for his rootes somewhat round heads covered with blackish browne coates or filmes and under them tu●ts of threds from which heads rise sundry 1.3 Iuncu● acumine reflexo major trifidu● The greater bending Rush and the triple tufted Rush long Rushes halfe a yard long or more breaking a good way under the toppe which bendeth or turneth downewards out of a round skinny head into many skinny round heades standing on short footestalkes which have as it were five corners full of cornered sharpe very small yellowish seede of a little harsh taste 2. Iuncus acumine reflexo alter Another turning or bending Rush This other hath the Rushes more then halfe a yard long having a blackish shining tuft or umbell breaking forth two or three inches under the turning end and standing without any footestalke which are composed all of threds or thrums and blewish at the toppes 3. Iuncus acumine reflexo trifidus The triple tufted Rush The roote hereof is blacke joynted and fibrous the Rushes are many slender and foure or five inches long the stalkes are parted at the toppes into three and seldome into fower slender long Rushes three or foure inches long a peece betweene which come forth three small chaffie tufts or panickles The Place and Time They all grow in France and Germany and keepe the s●me time that others doe The Names The first is called by Lugdunensis Iuncus Melancranis of Theophrastus who taketh it also to be the Juncus Oxyschaenos faemina of Theophrastus Gesner and Tabermontanus call it Iuncus laevis and may be Thalius his 〈◊〉 Lychnanthemos The other two are remembred by Bauhinus in his Pinax and Prodromus but in my opinion the last is the small Iuncus maritimus alter of Lobel as whoso will compare them shall finde The Vertues Wee have no other certainty of the Vertues of these but a likelihood to be as effectuall as the last kinde of Rushes CHAP. XXXIII Iuncus aquatîcus capitulis Equiseti Aglet headed Water Rushes THere are two or three sorts of this Aglet headed kind of Rush which for the difference sake from the other kindes of Rushes I thought good to entreate of by themselves 1. Iuncus capitulis Equiseti Aglet headed Rushes This lesser sort bringeth forth from a creeping spreading roote stored with many intricate fibres divers slender naked Rushes about a cubit long full of whitish pith and having at the bottomes of them certaine reddish skinnes compassing them and bearing each of them at their toppes a small catkin or Aglet like the first head of an Asparagus blooming with small white threds like a Plantane head which fall away quickly 2. Iuncus capitulis Equiseti alter Another Aglet headed Rush This other Rush hath sundry short Rushes rising from the creeping roote from among which other slender and taller Rushes doe spring about a foote high each of them bearing such a like Aglet as the former but somewhat lesser 1. Iuncus aquaticus capitulis Equiseti Aglet headed Rushes 2. Iuncus Equiseti capitulis alter The other Aglet headed Rush 3. Iuncellus capitulis Equiseti fluitans Floting Rushes with Aglet toppes This small Rush hath from a small threddy roote commeth forth a very small slender bowing Rush which divideth it selfe into many other small Rushes about two or three inches long floating upon the waters where it groweth Whereof some grow upright and others doe bow or bend downe againe each of them bearing a small head like the former with a small long Rush growing by it The

Place and Time These all have beene found in our owne land as well as beyond Sea the first not onely in the ponds and waters of a small village called Austroyel hard by Antwerpe but in divers places with us also the other in the brookes and ponds of both Wales and England in sundry places and are to be seene in the end of Summer when they flowrish The Names The first is called by Lobel Iuncus aquaticus minor capitulis equiseti and by Lugdunensis Iuncus clavatus Dalechampij The second hath his title sufficient to expresse it not being described by any other The last Bauhinus so calleth as it is in the title yet calling it minor as he doth the first major The Vertues There is no property knowne to what malady any of these may be applyed but are held unprofitable as a great many others be CHAP. XXXIV Iuncus cyperoides floridus The flowring Cyperus Rush THere hath formerly beene knowne but one sort of these flowring Rushes but Bauhinus hath added another lesser sort 1. Iuncus floridus major The greater flowring Rush This greater flowring Cyperus Rush as it is differing from all the other sorts of Rushes so it excelleth them all in beauty hath sundry heads of leaves like unto those of Cyperus rising from a long creeping or spreading roote like the Rushes bushing with many fibres from whence spring round smooth Rush like stalkes two or three cubits high bearing at the top a large spread tuft or umbell of pale blush coloured flowers yet Tragus describeth them to be white with some threds tipt with yellow in the middle which falling away bring in their places small round blackish heads containing small seede within them 2. Iuncus floridus minor The lesser flowring Rush The smaller Cyperus Rush hath a whitish joynted roote a small stalke of a hand bredth high having three long sharpe pointed Rush like leaves two whereof rise higher then the stalke and at the toppe five flowers one flowring after another after which come two small round heads 1. Iuncus floridus The flowring Rush set together on each footestalke of the bignesse of the Candy bitter Vetch The Place and Time The first groweth in watery ditches pooles and plashes in most parts of this Kingdome The other hath beene observed in Swisserland in sundry places and are flowrishing all the Summer long ripening the seede in the meane time The Names Although this hath no Greeke name yet it hath found divers Latine names being called by Tragus Calamogrostis secunda by Matthiolus Lugdunensis Camerarius and others Iuncus floridus by Lobel Iuncus Cyperoides floridus paludosus by Cordus Gladiolus palustris by Dodonaeus Gladiolus aquaticus who findeth it erronious in them that call it Iuncus floribus but is in as great an error himselfe to follow Cordus that calleth it Gladiolus from the false translation of Gaza making Theophrastus his Cyperus to be Gladiolus as Pliny it may be misled him before whereunto it hath no correspondence saving a little in the leaves hee also taketh it to be Sp●●ganium Dioscoridis wherunto it agreeth as little some also call it Butomos Theophrasti and Lonicerus Carex alterum The Italians call it Giunco florido The Dutch Watter Lisel and Gerard Water Gladioll following Cordus who confoundeth Theophrastus his Cyperis with Dioscoridis his Gladiolus The Vertues Matthiolus saith it is thought to worke the like effects that the other sorts of Rushes doe but according to Cordus his mistaking it to be Gladiolus he saith it is good to helpe the paines of women in their delivery of childing being boyled in wine and drunke CHAP. XXXV Spartum herba sive Iuncus Matt weed or Mat Rushes ALthough the Spartum Plinij be a kinde of Rush growing rather in dry then moist places yet because the other sorts of Grasses that serve with us for the same purposes to make Mats and other such like workes doe grow in wet and Moorish grounds neare the Sea side and are called by the same name of Spartum I must rather then divide it place it with the other 1. Spartum Plinij sive Iuncus Hispanicus Spanish Rushes The Spansh Rush riseth up with a number of round Rushes a cubit long each whereof is parted a little above the ground into three or foure more slender long tough and greene Rushes somewhat broader at the first being whitish in the middle which soone after have both their edges so drawne together that it maketh them seeme round so that the partition is hardly discerned and then grow harder and whitish when they are dry as we see them in frailes and in the round mats wherewith the floores of chambers are matted as they are wrought there and brought over to us from among which rise up sundry stalkes somewhat higher then the leaves bearing at the toppe a small long head of many sharpe pointed huskes after which come small long seede like unto some of the other Grasses the rootes spread in the ground into many tufts matting therein that in some places they take up two foote square or more 2 Spartum Plinij alterum mollius The softer Spanish Rush This other Spanish Rush groweth in the very same manner and order that the former doth and differeth from it onely in these particulars the Rushes are more fine and slender softer also and bearing a shorter tuft at the top breaking out of a skinny huske or hose the rootes hereof doe mat like the other and grow in moister places 3. Spartum marinum nostras Our Matweed or Marram This Matweed hath divers long hard and very sharpe pointed Rushes piercing their legges that are not booted going among them the stalkes have soft spiked long heads like unto the eares of Rye and blooming like it also the rootes creepe in the ground and fasten themselves strongly therein 4. Spartum marinum nostras alterum The other of our Sea Matweedes This other Matweede is in the growing like the former but that the rushes are broader and shorter and the heads or spikes also the rootes likewise creepe and are strongly fastened into the ground 5. Spartum parvum Batavicum Anglicum Small Matweede The Small Matweed hath shorter smaller and harder rushes the stalkes are a cubit high having small thin long spikes and harder at the toppes then the former the rootes likewise are long hard and somewhat tough fit to be wrought into little baskets or the like 1. Spartum Plinij sive Iuncus Hispanicus Spanish Rushes 2. Spartum Plinij alterum molluis The softer Spanish Rush 3. Spartum marinum nostras Our Matweed or Marram 4. Spartum marinum nostras alterum The other of our Sea Matweedes 5. Spartum parvum Batavicum Anglicum Small Matweede 6 7. Spartum Narbonense minimum Anglicum The small French and English Matweedes 6. Spartum Narbonense French Matweede The French Matweed hath smaller rounder and whiter leaves or rushes then the last and closer growing together like unto the smallest and finest sort of rushes and are