faculty by its pleasantness nourishing and preserving the Body This is the Necter the Poets said the Gods drunk If this suffer Congelation it grows hard and this is the original of the Gravel and Stone 28 Sal reverberatus is the general Clenser of Nature It clenseth the Body of its filth by opening cutting purging provoking vomit urine and sweating whereby it purgeth and quickeneth the Body From this Salt ariseth Itch Scabs Tetters Ringworms Botches Boyls Carbuncles the French Pox and the Scurvy and all Diseases that afflict the Blood The Differences of Diseases 1 Of Diseases some are Simple some Compound Compound Diseases the Alchymists stand not much upon because they are only an impediment of the Actions 2 The Differences of Simple Diseases the Ancients laid down not so accurately but the Modern most accurately 3 Of Diseases some are from the Seeds others without the Seeds for Diseases of the Instruments of Strength the Figure of the Body and solution of Unity as Wounds and the like cannot arise from the Seeds but only such as afflict the similar Parts 4 They hold two kinds of Seeds of Diseases 1 Iliastrum that is when the Seed produceth a Disease as Pears Apples and Nuts produce their like Trees Of this Nature are Dropsies yellow Jaundice Gouts c. 2 Cagastrum which comes of Corruption as Pestilences Feavers Pluresies c. 5 They hold five Beings of Diseases 1 Immediately from God as the Pestilence in Davids time 2 Influential from the Stars 3 Natural when it happens through default of Nature 4 Mental when it proceeds from the imagination either of the sick himself or of some other under which head Witchcraft is included 5 Venemous which contains all Poysons both Natural and Artificial 6 All Diseases may be divided into these four Heads to which all other Diseases may be reduced as to their Fountains First The Falling-sickness to which may be reduced the Palsie Convulsions Vertigo Melancholly Apoplexy and fits of the Mother Secondly The Dropsie to which may be reduced al Imposthumes the yellow Jaundice and Cachexia Thirdly The Leprosie to which may be reduced al Ulcers Fourthly The Gout to which may be reduced the Chollick Stone Head-ach Tooth-ach c. 7 Of Diseases some are Coagulated others Resolved for some consist of the impurity of the seeds the fruits of which turns to Coagulation others to Resolution Diseases arising from Coagulation or gnawing in the Stomach Al Diseases of the Head and Throat all Diseases that come of parts stopped as the Chollick stone and all difficulties of urine Diseases of Resolution are all such as come by opening of those parts of the Body which should be stopped as Fluxes of all sorts Running of the Reins c. 8 Diseases are two-fold some proceed from the Food we eat others from Celestial Influence First Those which come by the Food we eat come by the impurity thereof which ought to be separated and expelled by the usual waies But when Nature is not able to administer her Functions as she ought to do the Disease takes Root in the Body which brings forth fruit in its proper and appointed time That which causeth these Diseases to take Root is Opportunity for they search out a place where the Natural Balsom is weak and the Spirits proper for the nourishing such an untoward Seed as Hemlock and Henbane grow neer the places where they empty Jakes and Wormwood neer Iron works because there both Earth and Air is convenient for them And then secondly Such as come by Celestial Influence take Root in our Bodies by the Air we breath in for as by the Blessing upon the Creation we receive our nourishment from it so by the Curse upon the Creation we receive the Causes of Diseases by it God is as the Sealer that the Seal and our Bodies the Wax that receives impression from it 9 The most exact difference of Diseases is drawn from these three principles Mercury Sulphur and Sal. Of Mercury come all Diseases of sharp and sowr Vapors Falling-sickness Apoplexies Palsies al kinds of Defluxions and Rhewms all Malignant and Epidemical Diseases arising either from Poyson or Infection of Air. If Sulphur be immoderate it causeth 〈◊〉 of al sorts 〈◊〉 al 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Let so man wonder that Feavers and sleepy Diseases should come from one and the same Cause you admiration wil quickly 〈◊〉 so soon as you are unchained from Galen and a little better acquainted with Dr. Reason for the immoderate 〈◊〉 of Sack causeth sleep as well though it be extream hot as the immoderate taking of Hemlock Poppy or Henbane which are extream cold The Reason is not in the Bodies of the Creatures themselves but in the Sulphurous quality of them From Salts all Internal 〈◊〉 take their Original as Imposthumes Ulcers 〈◊〉 Bleeding Heat and stoppage of Urine and according to the kinds of Mercury Sulphur and Sal so are the kinds of Diseases as we shewed you before I have now done after I have told you That Alchymists by the Seeds and Roots of Diseases understand nothing but the Causes of them 10 To this Division pertain al Diseases of Tartar It is called Tartar because of that similitude it hath with that Tartar that is found in Wine because it heats and burns the Body as Tartar doth Tartar in the Body of Man is a certain Juyce coagulated This Juyce is taken from our Nourishment by eating Beasts and it is inherent in the Beasts we eat by eating Herbs But when in the Microcosm al the internal Faculties work in a due order This Tartarial matter is separated from the due nourishment and cast our by Nature There are two things which cause the retaining of it 1 The weakness of the separating or expulsive Faculty 2 The immoderate taking of Food whereby there is such plenty of it that the expulsive Faculty is not able to cast it all our and so it lies in the Body grows thick and produceth those effects we mentioned before That we may make this appear the more lucidly and as cleer as the Sun when he traces over the Nemean Lyons Back consider the very same things in the Macrocosm You see in that the Earth is in some places more pure in others more impure you see the Water is purer in one place than in another as every Laundress can tell you and yet al Water comes from the same Fountain and Original namely the Sea You see the divers difference in divers Nations in Corn and Wine and the divers effects they produce and therfore what wonder is it that this Tartarial matter being separated principally in the Stomach should produce such different effects in the Body of Man as the Stone in one place and the Gout in another 11 There are four kinds of Tartars Viscuous Bolar Sandy and Stony and one of these contains in it more Salt another less Thence it comes to pass that one afflicts the Body with more pain than the other for the more Salt
that Aerial Subtil and Spiritual Substance the next Instrument of Life and Form 18 Sulphur is that moist sweet oyly viscuous Substance the food of heat indued with a glutinative Quality 19 Sal is that salt dry and purely terrene quality representing the Nature of Salt indued with wonderful Vertues having power to dissolve coagulate clense evacuate and to perform such like actions 20 The Visible Elements are two one dry which is the Earth the other moist which is the Water 21 The Earth is a Body separated by the Water from Sal Sulphur and Mercury It is called Terra damnata Ashes and Caput mortuum 22 The Water is an insipid flegm destitute both of Sal and Sulphur only moistening without any manifest strength or force 23 There are two Elements then you see Earth and Water 24 The Air seeing it cannot be separated is therefore mixed with Sulphur or more especially with Mercury 25 We acknowledg no other Fire than that which they cal in English the Sky the Greeks Aether from burning 26 The Heaven is then the fourth Formal or Essential Element or rather the fourth Essence extracted from Elements and Principles You have the Principles and Elements The Qualities follow Chap. 4. Of both first and second Qualities 1 QUality is an Affection of Body which demonstrates what it is or the Form which moveth the Sences 2 Qualities are either the first because they are in Elements and Simple Bodies or such as arise from the first and are called Compounds 3 Quality is either manifest or hidden 4 Manifest and first is either Active as Heat and Cold or Passive as Driness and Moisture 5 Heat is the first Quality which heateth 6 Cold is the first Quality which cooleth 7 Moisture is the first Quality which moistneth 8 Driness is the first Quality which dryeth 9 The Heaven according to Plato and the Astrologers is the first Principle of Heat according to the Peripateticks it is Elementary Fire 10 You have the first Qualities Those which arise from them follow And they are either Simple or Mixed 11 Simple are such which principally consist from the first as 1 Rarity and Lightness from Heat which moves upwards 2 Thickness from Cold which moves downwards 3 Softness and Thinness from moisture which yeilds to touching 4 Hardness from Driness which resists touching 12 You have the Simple Qualities the Mixt follow which are Tast Smel and Color 13 Tast is a Quality arising from a straining of an Earthy Body through a Moist by the force of Heat 14 It is double Mean and Extream 15 Mean causeth Sweetness and Fatness consisting of an hot and moist Quality 16 Extream is that which shews 1 More Heat as sharp bitter and Salt 2 Remiss Heat or rather Cold as Tart Austere and Sower 17 A sharp tast proceedeth from strong heat and thin driness as in Pepper Onions c. 18 Bitter hath not so subtil a Driness nor yet so strong an heat as in Wormwood 19 A Salt tast hath a thicker Driness and less Heat as in Salt 20 A Tart tast consists of very much Cold or else of very remiss Heat and Driness as in Crabs Verjuyce and wild Pears 21 Austere consists of less Coldness and Driness as in our English Grapes 22 Sowr consists of a thin driness and mean cold as in Vinegar 23 You have the Tast the Smel follows Smell is a Quality arising from the straining of Moisture through Driness caused by Heat 24 'T is either Mean as Sweet and Fat Or Extream in which 1 By greater Heat it is Sharp Bitter and Salt 2 By remiss Heat it is Tart Austere and Sowr 25 You have the Smel the Color follows Color according to Philip Melancton is mixture of Transparant Bodies with Opacous 26 It is either Simple or Mixed 27 Simple is that which immediately consists from the qualities 28 It is either exactly Mean as Redness or less Mean as other Colors 29 You have the the Manifest Qualities the Hidden follow Which are certain special Vertues which Physitians can give no Reason for 30 These are two-fold which the Learned cal Idiocratia and Pathema 31 Idiocratia is a Property working by it self for which a Reason cannot be given neither doth it cal for help from any thing else And so Fennel cures the Eyes and Peony the Falling-sickness 32 Pathema consists in Sympathy and Antipathy Sympathy is a mutual Love one thing hath with another Antipathy is a Hatred in the like Nature Both of them are Natural and may cleerly be seen both in Living Creatures Plants and Minerals And now by the leave of my Author I would fain demand of some of the Rabbies of our times Whether God when he made the Creation made not a Rational piece of Work If so Whether a Reason may not be given for every thing in the Creation If that be granted me too then What hidden Vertue can there be in things I cannot indure such sleepy businesses which are maintained by few the Brats of Dr. Ignorance and Dr. Laziness excepted 33 You have the Principles Elements and Qualities of the Dogmatists which Hermetical Phylosophers very ingeniously comprehend in Principles Visible and Invisible Mixture and Generation arising from these now follows Chap. 5. Of Mixture and Generation in the General 1 HEre come Two things to be considered 1 General That which is needful to Generation and Putrefaction as Alteration and Mixture 2 Special as Generation and Putrefaction or the Temperature which comes from Mixture and Alteration 2 Alteration is a Motion or Effect whereby another quality is procured 3 And it is either Simple or Compound 4 That is Simple which contains but one quality in it and operates either in Actives or Passives 5 In Actives it is a Heating which is an Alteration whereby the Cold is expelled or else a cooling wherby Heat is served with the same Sawce 6 In Passives it is a moistning whereby Dryness is converted into Moisture or else a Drying whereby Moisture is changed into Driness 7 A Compound Alteration is that which contains more qualities in it self and 't is called Concoction 8 Concoction to wit of mixt things for the Concoction of Living Creatures is another manner of business is an Alteration tending to Perfection 9 It is Three-fold Maturation Elixation and Assation 10 Maturation is a Concoction by which the Fruits of Trees and Plants wax ripe 11 Elixation is a Concoction made by the Heat and moisture of a thing which is within it self as things putrefie 12 Assation is a Concoction made by external Heat and Driness as Meat is roasted Chap. 6. Of Mixture according to the Opinion of the Dogmatists and Hermetical Phylosophers FIrst According to the Opinion of the Dogmatists 1 Mixture is an Union of Bodies to be mixed for Alteration 2 In matters of Passion it consists in qualitie or substance Matters Active are imployed in acting 3 The four Elements are in al mixt Bodies according to form and quality Secondly According
first Degree as Silver Litharge of Silver 2 In the second Degree as Quick-silver Lead Plumbago wash'd Lead burnt Lead Ceruss 4 Altering by a second Quality are 1 Binding as Allum Tutty Pompholix Vitriol Spodium Antispodium 2 Glutinative as Lead Allum Cadmia c. 5 Some by corrupting are venemous as Quick-silver Auripigmentum Morter of a Wall Litharge Ceruss Sandarach Earths 1 SOme expel Poyson as Bole Armoniack Terra Lemnia Terra Samia c. 2 Al Earths Cool 3 Thus much of Living Bodies not sensible Sensible Living Creatures follow 4 Living Creatures are either Irrational as bruit Beasts or Rational as Man But whether Beasts be Rational or no is more than my Author can tel I am deceived if he do not contradict himself in this very particular for in his first Book Chap. 8. he confesseth that Man learned both Physick and Alchymy from the Beasts Is not he that teacheth more knowing than he that is taught If my Author be minded to leave the Truth and follow Aristotle he should have said so But to follow my Authors Method and to leave his failings The Doctrine of Bruits is called Zoography but the special knowledg of Men Physiologie LIB IV. Of Zoography 1 ZOography is the Anatomy of Bruits 2. Of Bruits some are Insecta others whol 3 Insecta are either such as have Wings or such as have none 4 Such as have Wings are such as 1 Have but two Wings as Flyes Gnats Butter-flyes 2 Such as have four Wings as Bees Wasps Grashoppers Beetles Cantharides 5 Such as have no Wings are such as go upon the ground as Emmets Spiders Palmer Worms Woodlice Locusts Moths Fleas Of these some walk some creep some leap 6 Such as are whol are such as either live in one place or in divers 7 Such as live in divers places are such as live both on the Land and in the Water 8 Such are Otters Water Rats Sea Horses Crocodiles Crabs Frogs 9 Such as live only in one place are 1 Such as fly as Birds 2 Such as live upon the Earth as four footed Beasts 3 Such as live in the Water as Fishes Of Flying Creatures 1 These that fly in the Air are called Birds 2 Besides those parts which they have common with other living Creatures they have some peculiar to themselves as 1 Instead of a Mouth some have a crooked Beak as Kites Hawks Eagles Parrots 2 Some have a straight Bil as Crows Ravens Mag-pies Storks 3 Some have a broad Bill as Ducks and Geese 4 Some have a sharp Bill as Wood-pickers Thrushes and Finches 5 Some have short Necks as Crows c. 6 Some have long Necks as Storks Cranes Swans c. 7 Some their Tails stick out right as Hawks Black-birds Mag pies c. 8 Some their Tails are crooked as Cocks 9 Some their Tails stick upright as Ostridges 10 Some walk and some hop 11 Some seldom fly at all as Peacocks Hens c. Of four footed Beasts that go upon the Earth 1 They are either with Horns or without Horns Such as have Horns are either greater or lesser 2 The greater are either Domestical as Bulls and Cows or Savage as Stags Unicorns Rhinocerots Wild Asses 3 Of Beasts without Horns some are Domestical and others Savage Domestical are either greater as a Horse an Ass a Mule or lesser as a Sheep a Hog a Cat a Dog 4 Savage Beasts are greater or lesser The greater are a Lyon an Elephant a Dromedary a Leopard a Wolf a Cammel a Pardel a Bear a Tiger c. The lesser are a Fox an Ape a Dormouse a Hedg-hog a Mouse a Coney c. Of Creatures living in the Water 1 A Fish is a Creature of a cold and moist substance long Body and lives only in the Water 2 They have no Necks but their Heads are joyned to their Breasts Their Liver is usually divided into two parts But whereas my Author saith they have no Lungs he is mightily besides the Cushion for many River Fish have Lungs neither can they live with out breathing as Carps Pikes c. He was mistaken before in saying Bees have but four Wings or else I am mistaken in thinking they have six 3 Of Fishes some live in the Sea Some in the Rivers some have scales some have none 4 Thus much of Zoography In which my Author hath taken much pains to little purpose Tome I. Part III. Of special Physiologie Or the Subject and Object of the Physitian 1 SPecial Physiologie is the Theorical part of Medicine and treats of things according to Nature 2 The things which constitute our Nature are Elements Temperaments Humors Spirits Faculties and Parts 3 The common Affections of Man are to be considered as Elements and Temperaments of which before Or else the special 4 Special parts of Man are Soul and Body The knowledg concerning the Soul is called Psychologia The knowledg concerning the Body is called Anatomy LIB I. Of the Faculties and Functions of the Soul both General and Special 1. PSychologie is the knowledg of the Soul 2 The Soul is Proper or Common 3 Common is either more or less Common More Common is that which we cal Vegetable and is in al living Bodies Less Common is that which we call Sensible and is only in Men and Beasts and not in Plants But by my Authors leave Why not in Plants I think Aristotle hath led al the World into Errors If it were my present scope I could prove both by Scripture and Reason that Man consists of three parts Spirit Soul and Body But to let this pass Our London Gentlemen that Nurse Curiosities in their Gardens know wel enough that divers Plants are sensible and few that have written Herbals but have written of them Besides 't is apparant That vulgar Herbs which we tread upon when we walk the Fields are not only sensible of what is present but also have a fore-knowledg of a thing before it comes else what 's the reason the Leavs both of Cynkfoyl and Trefoyl usually appear not only disordered but also discolored twenty four hours before a storm comes It were a good thing if men would first learn to know themselves they might know the better what 's in Herbs afterwards But to return 4 The Soul of Man consists in Faculties and Functions 5 Of these Faculties some are incited in Man others Influential 6 The Influential parts are three Animal Vital Natural 7 The Animal is double Sensitive and Intellective 8 The Sensitive is either Apprehensive or Motive The Sensitive is called Sense 9 The Senses are Internal or External 10 The External are five Seeing Hearing Tasting Smelling and Feeling 11 The Internal Senses are Common sense Fancy and Memory 12 Motive senses are two-fold Appetite and Motive according to place 13 Appetite is three-fold 1 Natural as the desire of Meat and Drink 2 Affectional as the Motion of the Will 3 The desire of Pleasure 14 The Intellective Animal Vertue is called Understanding and consists
A NEW METHOD OF PHYSICK OR A Short VIEW of Paracelsus and Galen's Practice In 3. Treatises I. Opening the Nature of Physick and Alchymy II. Shewing what things are Requisite to a Physitian and Alchymist III. Containing an Harmonical Systeme of Physick Written in Latin by Simeon Partlicius Phylosopher and Physitian in Germany Translated into English By NICHOLAS CULPEPER Gent. Student in Physick and Astrologie Dwelling on the East-side of Spittle-fields neer London Dogmata non juro in Paracelsi aut scita Galeni Vera utriusque placent falsa utriusque jacent London Printed by Peter Cole in Leaden-Hall and are to be sold at his Shop at the sign of the Printing-press in Cornhil neer the Royal Exchange And by S. Howes J. Garfield and R. Westbrook 1654. M R Culpepers New METHOD both of Studying Practising Rhysick To the Reader Reader THis ensuing Discourse I finished when I was in Health which had been Published Two years since but that the Act of Parliament for Punishing such Theeves as steal away Copies from those that Purchase them did Expire the Nine and Twentieth Day of September 1651. And was not Revived until the Seventh of January 1652. I have spent Twenty One Years Study for the Good of this Nation and have Written Seventeen BOOKS besides those already Published which I hope to Finish and Publish if the Parliament please to perfect the Law to Punish Copy-stealers with the same Punishment they do other Theeves I Thought in an Epistle to have Write somthing that should have been useful for all yong Practitioners of Physick and Alchymy And also have Answered some Objections made against my Wrightings I shall now only Answer one viz. That my Books do no other good but make Empericks I have therefore given you in this Work a joynt view of the whole Method of Physick according to both Paracelsus and Galen's Practice That so the industrious may judg which is best There being none that are Empericks except such as are Lazie But at the present I am so sickly that I am not fit for any Study having not strength of Body to Write and therefore must only refer you to this Book which was the Child of my Health with this assurance That if God restore Health I shall never leave making more Books for Publick good as long as I am N. Culpeper From my House on the East-side of Spittle-Fields neer London this 12. of Novemb. 1653. THE CONTENTS Treatise I. Of the Nature of Physick and Alchymy CHap. 1. Of the Opinions of Physitians Page 4 Chap. 2. Of the Essence of Medicine and Alchymy Page 11 Chap. 3. Of the Name of Medicine and Alchymy Page 14 Chap. 4. Of the Kind of Medicine and Alchymy Page 16 Chap. 5. Of the End of Physick and Alchymy which is Health Page 22 Chap. 6. The Cause of Physick and Alchymye both Principal and less Principal Page 28 Chap. 7. Of the Original of Physick and Alchymy Page 31 Chap. 8. How the Beginnings of Medicine and Alchymy were drawn from Nature Page 36 Chap. 9. Of the Matter Form and Effect of Medicine and Alchymy Page 41 Chap. 10. Of the Subject and Object of Alchymy and Physick Page 44 Chap. 11. Of the Certainty of Physick and Alchymy Page 49 Chap. 12. Of the Dignity and Profit of Medicine and Alchymy Page 55 Chap. 13. The Excellency of Medicine and Alchymy Page 56 Chap. 14. Of the Difficulty of Medicine and Alchymy Page 58 Chap. 15. Of things agreeable to Medicine and Alchymy which are Natural Phylosophy Divinity and Astrology Page 61 Treatise II. Of the Nature and Ministers of the Physitian and Alchymist Chap. 1. Of the Definition of a Physitian and Alchymist Page 73 Chap. 2. Of what is Requisite to a Physitian and Alchymist in the general Page 75 Chap. 3. Of the Ornaments of a Physitians mind Page 79 An Idea of the Aphorisms of Hippocrates Page 80 Chap. 4. Of the Ornaments of the body of a Physitian and Alchymist Page 92 An Idea of Hippocrates his Aphorisms Page 93 Chap. 5. Of the Ornaments of Estate belonging to a Physitian and Alchymist Page 98 An Idea of Hippocrates his Aphorisms ibid. Chap. 6. Of the Authority of Physick Page 103 An Idea of Hippocrates his Aphorisms concerning Duty Page 104 An Idea of Hippocrates his Aphorisms concerning Persons Page 108 Chap. 7. The Oath of Physitians according to Hippocrates Page 111 Chap. 8. The Oath of Apothecaries Page 113 Chap. 9. Of things repugnant to Physick and Alchymy Or Of the Marks and Vices of Sophisters and Impostors in those Arts. Page 114 Treatise III. Containing a Physical Idea of the Hermonical Systeme Chap. 1. Of the Definition of Medicine and Alchymy Page 119 Chap. 2. Of the Definition of Medicine ond Alchymy in general Page 123 TOME I. Of the Theorical part of Medicine Of the General knowledge of things Natural Or the Object of Medicine and Alchymy Page 129 LIB I. The Common Affections are called Special ibid Chap. 1. Of Principles Page 130 Chap. 2. Of Elements Page 131 Chap. 3. Of the Three Principles of Alchymists which are contained in every Natural Body and give it its Constitution As also of the Faculties and Properties of the Elements and their Number according to the Doctrine of Hermes Page 132 Chap. 4. Of both first and second Qualities Page 136 Chap. 5. Of Mixture and Generation in the General Page 140 Chap. 6. Of Mixture according to the Opinion of the Dogmatists and Hermetical Phylosophers Page 141 Chap. 7. Of Generation according to the Opinion of Dogmatists and Hermetical Phylosophers Page 142 Chap. 8. Of Temperaments Page 145 A Body with Life Page 146 TOME I. Part II. Of living bodies not Sensible and Sensible LIB I. Of Art Botanical Page 147 The shewing the Reason of Plants Page 148 LIB II. Of the History of Plants Page 149 LIB III. Of Metalography or Knowledge of Mettals Page 151 Another Division of Stones Page 153 Another Division of Stones Page 155 Mettals Page 162 Earth Page 163 LIB IV. Of Zoography Page 164 Of Flying Creatures Page 165 Of Four-footed Beasts that go upon the Earth ibid Of Creatures Living in the Water Page 166 TOME I. Part III. Of special Physiologie Or the Subject and Object of the Physitian LIB I. Of the Faculties and Functions of the Soul both General and Special Page 168 LIB II. Of the Anatomy of the Body Page 174 Similar Parts ibid The Bones Page 178 Cartilages Page 181 Nerves Page 182 Arteries Page 183 Veins Page 184 Ligaments Page 186 Muscels Page 187 Flesh. Page 193 Dissimilar Parts ibid The Eyes Page 394 The Ears Page 395 The Nose Cheek and Mouth Page 396 The Neck Page 397 The Middle or Vital Ventricle Page 398 The Lowermost or Natural Ventricle Page 399 The Branches or Limbs Page 402 Another Division of the Parts Page 403 Of the Administration Dissection Or Anatomy of the Corps Page 404 I. The Anatomy of the Inferior Ventricle ibid II. The Anatomy
Physitian gets confidence of the sick Party partly by his own Nature partly by the help of other men That a Physitian may get confidence in his Patient by his own Nature let him carry himself like a wise man as wel as like an Artist Cicero said true when he said That in all Arts nothing memorable or worthy of praise could be done without Wisdom If a Physitian carry himself rigidly and not respectively towards his Patients he affrights them if they like not his person they wil like his Medicine much less you may see this in Chyrurgions when they let people blood If the sick be afraid the blood retires and he seldom bleeds as he should do But if he come cheerfully and have good confidence in his Chyrurgion he bleeds wel So if the party dislike the Medicine either he vomits it up again or retains it in his Body that it never operates Cornelius Celsus was of opinion That the prudence of a Physitian did more good than his Art and Socrates included al Vertues in this one word Prudence And Celcus held That a pratling Physitian was another Disease to the sick Chap. 6. Of the Authority of Physick PHysical Authority endowed with the Ornaments of Body Mind and Estate coming out into the World to act is to consider 1 Its Duties 2 The Persons An Idea of Hippocrates his Aphorisms concerning Duties 1 The Duties of a Physitian unless limited within the bounds of Method are innumerable 2 He ought to have a quick eye to the Air Earth and Water of the place where the sick is 3 He ought to observe the operation of the Chyrurgion seek out fit Remedy for the Disease and leave necessary Precepts with those about the sick 4 He ought to enquire after the Disease of the sick and of those that stand by diligently to heed when the change wil be and what the event wil be 5 The whol course of his Physick ought to be only an Imitation of Nature 6 He ought to communicate what he knows to be true to his Scholers 7 He ought to warn the sick of their Duty to terrifie them that are secure and to cheer up those that are faint hearted 8 Let him not perform his Office negligently nor rashly 9 Let him take Occasion by the Fore-top and expect patiently what the end wil be 10 Let him not be too confident in what he expects neither let his courage fail if it fal out otherwise 11 When he takes a Patient in hand let him shut rashness and fearfulness out of doors 12 Let him be ashamed of no work or operation that belongs to Physick 13 Let him fly rashness and headiness in al his actions 14 Let him use Gravity in his Apparel Speech Gate and every thing else 15 In commanding things necessary in forbidding things hurtful in reproving Errors let him be of an Heroical spirit and do it with Authority 16 Let him be very gentle to and familiar with sick people 17 Let him give Physick to the poor freely and without reward 18 Let him have a special care of sick strangers 19 In dangerous Diseases let him do good to such as are ingrateful and Covetous 20 Let him be ready nimble and clever in all his actions 21 Let him want no Physical Instruments at home but carry only such abroad as are necessary 22 Let him keep the Forms as wel of Compound as Simple Medicines in his memory 23 Let him prescribe as wel what Diet as what Medicine the sick ought to use 24 As for such things the sick hath a desire to let him not so follow his humor that he encrease his Disease nor so rigidly oppose him that he perplex his mind 25 Let him be wel skil'd in the operations of Chyrurgery that so if a Chyrurgion be wanting he may perform his place speedily securely and safely 26 Let him alwaies have a special regard to the former Custom and present strength of the sick 27 Concerning Duty his Office is First To prescribe a Diet which strengthens Nature and resists the Disease Secondly To loosen the Belly with gentle Remedies as Subpositoris Clysters c. Thirdly If Blood abound to breath a Vein Fourthly To use Apozemes to cut the matter causing the Disease Fiftly To prepare tough humors for expulsion Sixtly To purge them out Seventhly To draw humors back to use Diurecticks Rubbings Cupping Glasses to cause sweat Eightly To draw the Disease to the external part of the Body Ninthly To draw it out by Baths or Issues Tenthly To dissipate the matter remaining and strengthen the part Eleventhly To recover strength with good Diet. 28 Let him keep a Method of Physick in his Study such a one as you shal find in the following Scheam First Let him have a Catalogue of Authors both Galenists Paracelsians and Empericks Secondly If he travel let him keep a Diary Thirdly Let him set down by themselves what things he finds worthy of observation Fourthly Let him keep a Garden of Herbs of his own Fiftly Let him set down his best Experiments in such an order that he may know redily how to find them Sixtly In the morning let him cal to mind what he did the day before Seventhly In the afternoon 1 Let him walk abroad to know and gather Simples 2 Let him confer with Galenists Paracelsians and Empericks 3 Let him visit the sick Eightly In the Evening 1 Let him consider what he hath done all day 2 Let him commit somthing to memory An Idea of Hippocrates his Aphorisms concerning Persons 1 Of Persons Some regard the Sick Some those that stand by And Others the Physitian 2 Cure the mind of the Sick with good Language before you attempt to cure his body with Medicine 3 Declare in loving Language to the Sick what is fitting for him to know so carry yourself towards him that he may not be too confident of Life nor too fearful of Death 4 What the Sick ought to do command peremptorily and make him not too confident of his life lest he disobey your Command 5 Keep close from the Sick that which is not fitting for him to know and if he suspect it either craftily dissemble it or cunningly make the best Interpretation of it 6 If the Patient be stubborn make the Disease worse than it is that he may obey If he be faint hearted tel him it is better than it is that he may not despair 7 Promise nothing directly but tel the Patient all the Work lies in the Power of God and his obedience 8 Somtimes use many Remedies somtimes but few according as the disposition of your Patient is either stout or faint-hearted 9 Let a Physitian be neither Covetous nor unfaithful above al things let him not neglect his Patients 10 Let the Physitian abstain from threatnings unless he deal with Mad-men Let him use modest Language and gentle admonition 11 Let him suffer none to be about the Sick but such as the Sick loves let him cause the rest to
Healing In Method they observe not only Physical Indications but also the motion of the Heavens As pertaining to Instruments they consider the Difference Composition and Proportion of Medicines both Chyrurgical and Physical they never regard Diet much in the Cure of Diseases and this Paracelsus not only taught but also practised for he would drink with his Patients night and day or else he is belyed Thus you have the general Definition of Medicine What follows now but that we give you an Idea of our Hermonical Systeme in two Tomes Whereof the first shal contain the Theorick and the latter the Practical part Tome I. Of the Theorical part of Medicine THis is divided into two parts Remote and Neer Remote which is common both to Physick and Natural Phylosophy and is called the Knowledg of things Natural is either General or Special Of the General Knowledg of things Natural Or the Object of Medicine and Alchymy 1 THe General knowledg of things Natural is the Remote part of the Theory of Medicine which treateth of the Object of Medicine or Matter of curing the Natures Parts and other Accidents of al Elementary Bodies By others 't is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2 The Common Affections thereof as also the Species are to be considered LIB I. The Common Affections are called Special 1 SToicheiologia Special is that which delivers the common Principles of Elementary Bodies 2 It is derived from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies an Element an λÎγω which signifies to speak 3 Its Parts are either the first or those which arise from the first 4 The first are Principles Elements and the Qualities which are in the Elements 5 Parts arising from the first are Mixture and Generation and the Temperament which ariseth from the Mixture of Qualities Chap. 1. Of Principles 1 A Principle is that whereby one thing or another gets its beginning 2 And this is called either the First or a rising from the First The first is called Nature Naturing the second Nature Natured 3 The First is by which and from which all things are made but that subsisteth by it self and draweth the original of its Essence from nothing and therfore Plato in his Phoedon cals God Nature Naturing 4 That which hath his Original from the first which we cal Nature Natured is that by which all Natural things subsist and from which they borrow their Name viz. Natural 5 Nature then is double Universal and Particular 6 Universal is the Power of the God-head spread through the whol World according to which Nature acts 7 This is taken 1 For that Divine Vertue which God hath planted in al things 2 For the Influence of the Stars by which he acts it in al things 3 For the Moderater and Nourisher of all Natural Bodies 4 The Pithagoreans call'd it God himself Virgil an Internal Spirit and Plato the Soul of the World 8 The Particular Principle or Nature is every Natural Body taken as consisting in Matter and Form 9 Matter is the first Subject by which things are made 10 Form is the Manner or Example they are made by Chap. 2. Of Elements 1 AN Element according to Philip Melancton is a Simple Body containing in it the Seeds of all mixt Bodies 2 It is two-fold either Opacous which is an Object of the Sight or Transparant Transparant either more or less Less as the Water More as the Air and Fire 3 The Earth is an Element obscure cold and dry 4 The Water is an Element less cleer very moist and somthing cold 5 The Air is an Element very cleer somthing moist and very cold 6 The Fire is an Element cleerest dryest and hottest 7 Elements and Principles differ 1 Elements are Corporeal Principles Incorporeal 2 Principles are the Objects of Reason Elements of Sence 3 Principles are first and immediate Elements compounded of the Principles for they consist of Matter and Form and if you wil take Elements as Principles then take them as Sensible Principles consisting of Matter and Form Chap. 3. Of the three Principles of Alchymists which are contained in every Natural Body and give it its Constitution as also of the Faculties and Properties of the Elements and their Number according to the Doctrine of Hermes 1 IN this particular Alchymists reject the Opinion of Aristotle altogether 2 According to Paracelsus the first Matter of al things is a certain great Mystery not perspicable to Sense which contains in it somthing after an hidden and invisible way 3 According to the Opinion of later Alchymists it is an Essential Subject containing all Forms in it or a certain Punct from which all things flow and to which they return as to their Center Plato cals it the Soul of the World 4 The Principles are either such things as are Simple or Bodies composed of them 5 Simples are such as consist of themselves from whence al other things come and to which they return 6 Compounds are such as are made of these Simples and return to them again and they are divided into Bodies Formal and Material 7 Both Simples and Compounds then are either Invisible as Formal and Spiritual or Visible as Material and Corporeal and these are contained in every individual Substance 8 Those that are Invisible are contained within those that are Bodily as the Soul is in the Body and the Spirit in whatsoever lives whereby it not only preserves it self but begets its like 9 They are double Active and Passive 10 Actives are nothing else but the Forms of Natural things which God gave by his blessing at the first and they have continued ever since 11 Passive as Seeds Roots Plants Constellations c. 12 Seeds are a vital beginning containing within it self the Spirit of what it is a Seed of by which it produceth again its own Body Tast Color Quality Magnitude and Figure 13 Constellations are ordained by their Motions to order the Actions of Natural things both of Herbs living Creatures and Minerals to concoct their Nourishment to separate their Excrements to supply them in matters belonging to Procreation and Increase both continually and constantly 14 Roots are that which dispose to Action Maturity and Fruitfulness both Plants and Trees 15 Seeds act by another invisible way and have a strange kind of Power within them to beget their like having their like within them only in respect of Power and they are 1 Of Living Creatures provoked by the power of Venus 2 Of Plants shut up in their Seeds 3 Of Minerals which is cover'd with a bulk of Rubbish Al these have hidden Spirits in them 16 The Formal Principles or Active Bodies are three whereof two are moist and one dry The two moist are Mercury and Sulphur That which is dry is Sal. These Hermetical Physophers cal Spirit Soul and Body These three Principles although they are Spiritual yet being joyned with Simple Elements they make up Material and mixt Bodies 17 Mercury is that sharp penetrating pure and Aetherial Body
to Hermetical Phylosophers 1 They can by no means close with this Doctrine for they demand seeing Mixture is a certain Motion Who is the Mover By what Powter â—he Elements tend to Mixture in such just 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2 The Mover is a Vital Principle indued with Knowledg the Form Species Seed Constellation by whose Power and Knowledg such Divine Offices of Mixture are administred 3 Transplantation is a certain accident of Mixture and Generation when not that which is intended but another thing is Generated And this comes to pass two waies First By a confusion of Seed and so of a Horse and a shee Ass a Mule is ingendred Or the Seeds of many Plants put close together will produce but one Plant. Secondly By Degeneration when not the same Seed comes up which you Sow so Wheat often degenerates into Darnel Chap. 7. Of Generation according to the opinion of Dogmatists and Hermetical Phylosophers 1 GEneration is a Mutation from qualities having respect to the Nature of each Subject 2 For as Philip Melancton saith Heat being tempered with cold and joyned with driness and moisture is a mixt body of al qualities and Elements 3 Putrefaction is an Alteration bringing Corruption from whence is bred Consent 4 Consent is a Transit of one thing into another by certain Nurseries 5 According to Hermetical Phylosophers Generation is the progression of the Seminal Spirit out of its Fountain and vital Principle into the Stage of the World whereby of Invisible it becomes Visible and produceth Color Smel Tast Heat Cold Moisture Driness Magnitude and Form and all Ornaments of Body and by this Renovation maintains a perpetuity of its own Species 6 Whatsoever new things we see every day they had a being before in the Seeds 7 Whatsoever we see corrupted here every day they are not brought again to nothing but return again to their Fountains from whence they came 8 For this cause are Elements necessary to Generation which are the Wombs that contain the Seeds and Principles of al Bodies 9 The Places Elements and Bodies must be agreeable to the Seeds for the Seeds themselves have this Power to find out what is agreeable to their own Natures and therefore such Seeds grow Naturally in hot places such in Cold such in Moist and such in Dry. Sulphur is best found in one place Mercnry in another and Salt in a third 10 The Seeds perform their Progress and Operation by the help of the sensible Mechanical spirits 11 The Mechanical Spirits are such as are adorned with an inbred Knowledg and instructed with an Artificial Workmanship whereby they cause Tast Color Smel Order and Proportion in Natural things He that dreams of Spirits without these endowments dreams of nothing but Vapor and Smoke 12 In this inferior Globe are three famous differences of Generation namely of Living Creatures Plants and Minerals 13 In Living Creatures the Seminal Matter is contained in the Natural Balsom in the Vital Sulphur in the Vital spirit in the Mummy in the Radical and first matter c. 14 The Generations of the superior Globe are certain but far different For in the Coelestial Sphears they continue perfect til the Consumation of al things 15 Generation comes not by Putrefaction as people think Putrefaction doth but administer heat wherby the vital vertue is stirred up to action For as in the Earth it were a Madness to think that one Plant was changed into another by Putrefaction so above the Earth Living Creatures beget their like not by Putrefaction but by the Vital spirit of the seed Chap. 8. Of Temperaments 1 TEmperament is either the end of the Mixture or the Form of the thing mixed or the Principle of Natural Facultie 2 The Soul makes use of the Temperament as an Instrument to perform its Actions 3 Temperament is the Principle without which actions cannot be performed Take away the Temperature of a Particular part and the Natural Actions thereof cease also 4 The Temperament of Living Creatures is one thing and of Creatures without life another and yet some question whether there be any Creatures without life or not and my self by the leave of my Author could afford to be one of them 5 The Temperament of Living Creatures is either Total or Partial 6 The Total is either Influential or Radical 7 Influential ariseth from the Elements 8 Radical is the Justice or due giving to every one his own 9 Justice is Simple or Compound 10 Simple is Four-fold Hot Cold Dry and Moist 11 Compound is Four-fold Hot and Moist Hot and Dry Cold and Moist Cold and Dry. 12 Temperament is to be considered in respect 1 Of Sex 2 Of Age. 3 Of Place or Region 4 Of the Seasons of the Year 13 It is called Temperament 1 For its Excellency 2 Absulutely or Comparatively 3 By act or power of acting 4 By it self or by accident Also it is either Healthful or Sickly either alone by itself or with Flux of Matter Fluxes of Matter which hinder Temperament are Blood Choller Flegm Melancholly 14 Al these Hermetical Phylosophers cal Salts which are of divers abilities And thus much of the Common Affections The Species followeth to wit A Body with Life A Body with Life 1 It is either not sensible as Plants and Mettals or sensible as Living Creatures 2 Living Creatures are either Rational or Irrational 3 Irrational are Beasts of which some have Blood and some have none 4 Such as have Blood some have Feet and some have none 5 Of such as have Feet some have two as Birds some have four as Beasts 6 Of such as have no Feet some have Fins as Fishes some no Fins as Serpents Of al these in Order The second Part of the first Tome Of Living Bodies not Sensible and Sensible 1 A Living Body not sensible is that which we cal Vegetative 2 It is either perfectly Living as Plants or imperfectly as Mettals 3 The Doctrine of Plants is called Botanical LIB I. Of Art Botanical 1 ART Botanical is the Anatomy of Plants 2 The Instruments to be compared for this Art as also for all other Arts are Skill and Exercise 3 The Parts of this Art are Two The shewing the Reason of them and the History of them The shewing the Reason of Plants 1 It is the first part of Art Botanical which finds out the common Natures of Plants from their Causes 2 A Plant is a Vegetable Essence growing for the most part out of the Earth or Water 3 Its parts are two A Body and a Soul by which the Body is nourished encreased and brings forth seed 4 The Kinds of Plants are two Simple and Compound The simple are Garden and Wild. 5 The parts of a Plant are like or unlike 6 As in men there are Ages so there are in Plants and also in Herbs namely before they run to Flower in flower in seed or Fruit and when they shed their seed or Fruit. 7 Of Herbs some are nourishing as Wheat Barly