Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	earth_n	fire_n	heat_n	4,965	5	8.4696	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A44818	The school of recreation, or, A guide to the most ingenious exercises of hunting, riding, racing, fireworks, military discipline, the science of defence, [brace] [brace] hawking, tennis, bowling, ringing, singing, cock-fighting, fowling, angling by R.H.	Howlett, Robert.	1696 (1696)	Wing H3195; ESTC R41004	93,643	192

shooting or falling from the Sky for by reason of their wetness or density they cannot expand into Flame which occasions them by the pressure of their weight to descend with greater Impetuosity till they waste and vanish into Air c. Another sort of Stars that give great Reports in the Air as if Armies were fighting Here you must observe to place six seven or eight small Rockets on the Head of a great one filled only with dry Powder but indifferently rammed and on the ends of them holes being prick'd through place any of the sorts of Stars or a mixture as your fancy leads you and when the small Rockets go off like Thunder in the Air the Stars will take fire so that the Noise will seem to the Spectators as if it proceeded from them because they will be seen on fire before the Sound of the Reports can be heard To make Paste-board Mortars for Balloons These stately Prospects of Fire are to be carried into the Air by the force of Powder by the help of Mortars and therefore the making of the Mortars are in the first place to be considered Take a Rowler of Wood about 12 Inches Diameter and three Foot and a half in Length wet strong Paste-board and rowl upon it as close as may be glewing the Paste-board between each Rowling then being about five Inches thick bind over it strong pitch'd Rope though indifferent small Then choak the Breech of it which must be beyond the length of the Rowler with a strong Cord pitch or glue it over that the Powder may not force its vent that way and so when the Mortar is well dry'd draw out the Rowler and make it as even as can be bore a Touch-hole two Inches from the Breech that it may enter into the hollow of the Mortar and set it by for use To make Balloons the rarity of Fire-works Take strong Paper or Paste-board rowl it on a 12 Inch Rowler near as thick as 't is long then with a strong small Cord choke it at one end only leaving a Port-fire which is a place to put in a Quill of Wild-fire that will last till being shot out of the Mortar it comes to its height then next to that put on an Ounce and a half of loose Powder and place in it as many small Rockets and Stars as it will hold so choak up the other end quite You may also put into it little quills of Wild-fire then being closed up only a Port-fire remaining which made of a Quill of Wild-fire as is said or Stopple to make which in the close of this Head I shall Instruct you Charge the Mortar being set Sloaping upwards with half a Pound of corn Powder and it will by giving fire at the priming holes send the Balloon up into the Air a prodigeous height and when it comes to the dry Powder that will break the Balloon and then the Stars and Rockets in it taking fire will scatter abroad in various curious Figures delightful to the Spectators and as they are Cunningly placed they will represent Crowns Cyphers Characters Dates of the Year c. The Airy or flying Saucisson How to make it This curious Fire-work must be made in the Composition matter for filling mostly of corned Powder putting before it when you fill the Cartoush or Case as much fine sifted Powder and Charcole as composed for the Rocket will carry it to its height leave a hole for the Port-fire in the choaking as big as a Goose-Quill will enter filling it with Dust-Powder and Charcole and so close up the open end by turning in the Paper or Paste-board corner-wise either glewing or waxing it down Paste-board Guns to cast the Saucissons into the Air How to make them To make these kind of Guns Take a Rowler some what less than for the Balloon Rowel on it your Paste-board and cord it over with strong Packthread making their Touch-holes at the bottom because they must be placed upright on a Plank or Board in a Row fixed into the Plank or Board in holes cut proportionable to them and lashed fast to Staples above and beneath with strong Cords and being charged with a quarter of a Pound of Powder fire by Match or otherways given to the Touch-hole underneath the Plank when the Saucisson is lightly put in with the Neck or port-Port-fire downward so that it may touch the Powder and this will serve for Use a considerable time Saucissons for the Earth or Water To make them Make your Cartoushes or Cases about 9 Inches long and an Inch in the Diameter of the Calliber by Rowling Paper or thin Paste-board on a woodden Rowler choak the ends only leaving at one end a passage to thrust in a Goose-Quill filled with Dust-Powder and Charcole well mixed at a Port-fire Glue them over or use small Cord glued or pitched to strengthen the Case that it burst not unseasonably by the force of the Composition with which you must fill them when you have choaked only at the port-Port-fire end the Composition being about 2 Inches the same as the former the rest corned Powder having primed and fixed them on a Plank in a Row about a foot distance lay a train of Stouple and they will fire gradually flying about on the Earth or the Water according as you place them giving reports like a Volley of Muskets This Stouple is useful for Trains and port-Port-fire is no more than Cotton-wool well dressed in water and Gun-powder dryed in the Sun or in a clean Swept warm Oven that it may come somewhat near Tinder but more swift and fiercer in its fire when it has Taken Fire-Boxes To make them Take a great Cartoush or Case made as for the Balloon croud it full of small Rockets or Serpents with the choaked part downward prime them with Stouple or Wild-fire fix it firm on a Pole make a priming Hole in the side towards the lower end and run in a Quill of fine beaten Powder and they will fly out the upper end being left open one by one as swift as may or if you scatter loose Powder they will fly out several together with a prodigeous Noise and breaking imitating a deal of Thunder Firey Lances How to make them These are usually for running on the Water making there a very pleasant Pass-time Their cartoush or Cases are made like the small Rocket with thin Paste-board glued and rowled up on a wooden Rowler about 9 Inches long If you would have it carry a long fiery Tail on the Water the Composition must be 2 Ounces of Charcole half a Pound of Brimstone half a Pound of Powder and half a Pound of Salt-peter or proportionable for so many as you make bruised finely and Sifted but if you would have it burn bright like a Torch put only four Ounces of Powder to the fore-named quantity of Brimstone and Salt-peter without any Charcole-dust tying to each Line a Rod in the same nature as to the Sky-Rocket but not of

his Course and let him smell other Horses Dung to provoke him to stale c. And Lastly being come to the starting place rub him well uncloath him then take his Back and the Word given with all Gentleness and Quietness possible start and away And God speed you well School of Recreation How to make Artificial Fire-works of all sorts for Pleasure c. OF Artificial Fire-works for Recreation there are three general sorts viz. Those that ascend or mount in the Air. Those that consume on the Earth And such as burn on the Water And these are again divided into three Particulars viz. For the Air the Sky-Rocket the flying Saucisson and Balloon For the Earth the Ground-Rocket the fiery Lances and the Saucissons descendent For the Water-Globes or Balls double Rockets and single Rockets and of these in their particular Orders to make them and such other Matters as may occur relating to Fire-works But before I enter particularly on them it will not be amiss to give the Unlearned Instructions for making his Moulds for Rockets c. This Mould must be of a substantial piece of Wood well season'd and not subject to split or warp and first the Caliber or Bore of it being an Inch in Diameter the Mould must be six Inches long and Breech an Inch and half the Broach that enters into the Choaking part three Inches and a half long and in Thickness a quarter of an Inch. The Rowler on which you wrap the Paper or Paste board being three quarters of an Inch Diameter and the Rammer somewhat less that it may easily pass and re-pass made hollow to receive the Broach for the Cartoush Coffin must be filled with the Materials the Broach being in If the Bore be two Inches Diameter the Rocket must be twelve Inches in Length If an Inch and a half in Bore then nine Inches Long and so proportionably to any other Diameter The Cartoush or Case must be either strong Paper or fine Paste-board choaked within an Inch a quarter of the Top rowled on the Rowler with a thin Paste to keep the Doublings the higher together that it may have the greater force and higher flight Having thus far considered your Mould and Cartoush or Case I proceed to the Composition and filling part c. A Sky-Rocket how to make it c. In the Composition of your filling Materials be very cautious that you exceed not the just Proportion for which I shall give Directions to be a Standard in this case viz. Having beat a Pound of Powder very fine and sifted it through a Lawn Sieve that no whole Corns remain in it do the like by two Ounces of Charcole then sift them together so that they may mix well which done fill a small Rocket with this Mixture and if it break in Mounting before it come to the supposed height or burns out too fierce then is there too much Powder and more fine sifted Charcole must be added but if there be too much Charcole in the Composition then upon tryal it will not ascend or very little Observe in charging your Rocker at every quarter of an ounce of Ingredients or thereabouts you ram it down very hard forcing your Rammer with a wooden Mallet or some weighty piece of Wood but no Iron or Stone for fear any Sparkles of Fire fly out and take your Combustible Matter so fill it by degrees If you design neither to place Stars Quills or small Rockets on its Head you may put in about an Inch and a half of dry Powder for the Bounce but if you are to place the fore-mention'd things on the Head of a great Rocket you must close down the Paper or Paste-board very hard and prick two or three holes with a Bodkin that it may give fire to them when it Expires placing a large Cartoush or Paste-board on the head of the Rocket into which you must put the Stars or small Rockets Paper-Serpents or Quill-Serpents of which I shall speak more hereafter Note further That if you would have your Rocket sparkle much you must put some grosly bruised Salt peter into the Composition but then it must not lie long before it be let off for fear it give and damp the Powder If you would have it leave a blue Stream as it ascends put fine beaten and sifted Sulphur into it but of neither of these more than a third part of Charcole and in this manner greater and lesser Rockets are made but the lesser must have more Powder and less Charcole than the greater by a fifth part in six Golden Rain and Golden Hair For Golden Rain or streams of Fire that will when at height descend in the Air like Rain Take large Goose-Quills take only the hollow Quill as long as may be fill it with beaten Powder and Charcole as for the Air Rocket only add a little Powder of Sulphur Being hard filled to a quarter of an Inch stop that with wet Powder called Wild-fire place as many as you think convenient on the Head of a great Rocket pasted on in a Rowl of Paper so that it may not fall off till the Rocket bursts there being a little dry Powder in it to force the end when the stream of fire ceases at which time they taking will appear like a shower of Fire of a golden Colour spreading themselves in the Air and then tending directly downwards This is to be considered when you stand directly or something near under them but if you are at some distance then they will appear to you like the Blazing Tail of a Comet or Golden Hair Silver Stars How to make them To make Stars that will expand in Flame and appear like natural Stars in the Firmament for a time Take half a Pound of Salt-peter the like quantity of Brimstone finely beaten together sifted and mingled with a quarter of a Pound of Gunpowder so ordered Then wrap up the Composition in Linnen Rags or fine Paper to the quantity of a Walnut bind them with small Thread and prick holes in the Rag or Paper with a Bodkin and place six or ten of them on the Head of a great Rocket as you did the Quills and when the Rocket expires they take fire and spread into a Flame hovering in the Air like Stars and descend leisurely till the matter is spent that gives them light Red fiery Colour'd Stars How to make them Take in this Case half a Pound of Powder and double the quantity of Salt-peter as much fine flower of Brimstone as Powder wet them with fair Water and Oyl of Petrolum till they will stick together like Pellets then make them up somewhat less than the former and rowl them in sifted dry Powder then let them harden by drying in the Sun or Air and place them on a great Rocket as you did the other Stars and you will perceive them when the Rocket is at the height fall like Bodies or Globes of Fire in the manner as if real Stars were

make up an Octave keeping in your Mind the distances as you Sing them in the former Examples and by this means you have the whole Octave or Eight Notes from G to G which must be practised down and up and when you are perfect in it so as to Sing your distances true with the Semitones in their right places the following directions will lead you through the rest of the Notes to Sing any other Octave begining at any other Letter 9 10 Begin at Le again in the Ninth Bar and begin the six Notes viz. Le D Ce B La G in proper order that done repeat the two last Notes viz. La G by themselves so proceed to the tenth Bar and Sing La G Fâ Le D Ce so that La and G may be the same in Tune as you found them in the former Six and if so be your Voice will not reach Ce at the pitch you began the first Bar then Sing as far as you can or begin at Le at the ninth Bar higher Singing these three last Bars distinctly from the Foregoing 11 In the Eleventh Bar you must Sing backward your six last Notes viz. Ce D Le Fâ G La. rising from Ce to La so going one step backward to G rise to Ce as in the foregoing fifth Bar which is an Octave to the lower Ce. And thus much may suffice for the Beginner to practice on which if well understood will bring him in to Sing Notes in any Tune Of COCK-FIGHTING HErein let us first observe the choice of a Cock of the Game directed by these four Characters following That he be 1. Of a strong Shape proud and upright and for this the Middle-sized neither too small or too large is best because most matchable strong and nimble His Head small like a Sparrow-Hawks his Eye large and quick Back strong crook't at the setting on and coloured as the Plume of his Feathers the Beam of his Leg very strong and colour'd as his Plume Spurs long rough and sharp hooking inward 2. Of a good Colour and herein the Gray Yellow or Red Pyle with a black Breast are to be preferred the Pyde rarely good and the White and Dun never A Scarlet Head is a demonstration of Courage but a Pale and wan of Faintness 3. Of Courage true which you shall observe by his proud stately upright standing and walking and his frequent Crowing in his Pen. 4. Of a sharp and ready Heel which in the Opinion of the best Cock-masters of high Estimation a Sharp-heel'd Cock tho' somewhat false is better as dispatching his business soonest than a true Cock with a dull Heel For Breeding the Best season is from the Moon 's encrease in February to her encrease in March. The March Bird is best And now first get a perfect Cock to a perfect Hen as the best Breeding and see the Hen be of an excellent Complexion i. e. rightly plumed as black brown speckt grey grissel or yellowish tufted on her Crown large bodied well poked and having Weapons are Demonstrations of Excellency and Courage Observe further her Comportment if Friendly to her Chickens and revengeful of Jnjuries from other Hens When the Cock and Hen-Chickins going till now promiscuously one with another begin to quarrel and peck each other part them and separate their Walks And the best for a Fighting Cock are private and undisturbed Walks as Wind-mills Water-mills Grange-houses Park-lodges c. and their Feeding-place on soft Ground or Boards and have for his meet white Corn or White-bread Tosts steept in Drink or Urine is good both to Scower and Cool them And do not debilitate and debauch his Courage and Strength by having too many Hens to walk with three Hens are enough for one Cock If before they be six Months Old any of your Chickens Crow clear and loud and unseasonable then to the Pot or Spit with them they are Cowards the true Cock is long ere he gets his Voice and when he has gotten it keeps good and judicious Time in Crowing Next observe your Roosting Perch for this makes or marrs a Cock for forming of which consult the best Cock-masters Feeding pens and the Perches there and accordingly proportion your own take care that the Ground underneath the Perch be soft for if it be rough and hard in leaping down he will hurt his Feet and make them Gouty and Knotty For the Dieting and Ordering of your Cock for Battle observe these Rules Let your Cock be full two years Old then in the latter end of August take up and Pen him it being now Cocking-time till the end of May and see that he be sound hard feather d and full summed The first four days after Penning Feed him with the Crumb of Old Manchet cut into square bits thrice a day and with the Coldest and Sweetest spring-Spring-water that can be had And after you think by this time he is throughly purged of his Corn Worms Gravel and other course Feeding take him in the Morning out of the Pen and let him Sparr with another Cock some time to heat and chafe their Bodies break Fat and Glut and fit them for Purgation first having covered their Spurs with Hots of Leather to hinder their Wounding and drawing Blood of one another After they have sufficiently Sparred that they pant again take them up and remove their Hots and prepare them for a Sweating Bout thus Take Butter and Rosemary finely chopt and White-sugar-candy mixt together and give them the quantity of a Wallnut which will Scower strengthen and prolong Breath Then having purposely deep Straw Baskets fill them half way with Straw put in your Cock and cover him with Straw to the top lay the lid close and let him stove till the Evening At Five a Clock take him out and lick his Head and Eyes with your Tongue then Pen him and fill his Trough with Manchet and hot Vrine After this take a Gallon of Wheat and Oat-meal-flower and with Ale half a score Whites of Eggs and Butter work it into a stiff Past bake it into broad Cakes and when four days Old cut it into square Bits The Second day after Sparring bring your Cock into a Green-close and shew him in your Arms a Dung-hill-cock then run from him and allure him thus to follow suffering him now and then to strike the Dung-hill-Cock and so Chase him up and down for half an Hour till he pants again and thus Heated carry him home and scour him with half a Pound of Fresh-butter beaten with the Leaves of the Herb of Grace Hysop and Rosemary to the consistence of a Salve and give him the quantity of a Wallnut then Stove and Feed him as above And thus for the first Fortnight Spar or Chase him every other day The second Fortnight twice a Week will be enough to Chase or Spar your Cock Observing that you Stove and Scour him proportionable to his Heating The third and last Fortnight for six Weeks is long

sundry kinds by these following Names The Barbel Bream Bleak Bulhead or Millers-thumb Chevin Char Chub Carp Daoe Dare Ele Flounder Grayling Gudgeon Guiniad Loach Minnow Pope or Pike Pearch Rud Roach Sticklebag or Bansticle Salmon Shad Suant Tench Torcoth Trout Thwait and Vmber All these Alphabetically thus named are the different sorts of Fish in taking which the Angler commonly exercises his Art We come next Where to find them I. To know the Haunts and Resorts of Fish in which they are to be usually found is the most Material thing the Angler ought to be instructed in lest he vainly prepare how to take them and preposterously seek where to find that he prepar'd for To prevent which you are first to understand That as the season of the Year is so Fish change their places In Summer some keep near the top others the bottom of the Waters In Winter all Fish in general resort to deep Waters But more particularly The Barbel Roach Dace and Ruff covet most Sandy Gravelly Ground the deepest part of the River and the shadows of Trees Bream Pike and Chub delight in a Clay and Owzie Ground The Bream chooseth the middle of the River in a gentle not too rapid Stream The Pike preferreth still Waters full of Fry and absconding himself amongst Bull-rushes Water-docks or under Bushes that under these shelters he may more securely surprize and seize his Prey The Chub too chooses the same Ground large Rivers and Streams and is rarely destitute of some Tree to cover and shade him Carp Tench and Eel frequent foul muddy still Waters The greatest Eels lurk under stones or Roots the smallest ones are found in all sorts of Rivers or Soils The Carp is for the deepest stillest part of Pond or River and so is the Tench and both delight in green Weeds Pearch delighteth in gentle Streams of a reasonable Depth not too shallow close by a hollow Bank is their common Sanctuary Gudgeon covets Sandy Gravelly Gentle Streams and smaller Rivers not so much abounding in Brooks He bites best in Spring till they spawn and a little after till Wasp time The Salmon delights in large swift Rivers which ebb and flow and are there plentifully to be found As likewise Rocky and Weedy Rivers But in the latter end of the Year he is to be found high up in the Country in swift and violent Cataracts coming thither to spawn The Trout loves small swift purling Brooks or Rivers that run upon Stones or Gravel and in the swiftest deepest part of them getteth behind some Stone-block and there feeds He delights in a Point of a River where the Water comes Whirling like the Eddy to catch what the Stream brings down especially if he has the shade of a Tree He hugely delights to lurk under some hollow Bank or Stone seldom among Weeds Shad Thwait Plaice Peel Mullet Suant and Flownder covet chiefly to be in or near the Salt or Brackish Waters which ebb and flow The last viz. the Flownder have been taken in fresh Rivers as coveting Sand and Gravel deep gentle streams near Banks c. Lastly the Vmber affects Marly Clay Ground clear and swift Streams far from the Sea the greatest Plenty of these Fish is found in Darbyshire and Staffordshire Thus much for the Haunts of Fish I come next to know When is the most seasonable time to catch them which before I speak to let him that would become a compleat Angler take this Rule That he observe narrowly what Pond or River soever he Fisheth in whether it be slimy muddy stony or gravelly whether of a swift or flow Motion as likewise that he know the Nature of each Fish and what Baits are most proper for every kind Not to let his Knowledg be circumscribed to one or two particular Rivers whither he is invited to Angle and take his Observations by the Vicinity of his House but to let his Knowledge be general and consequently his Sport will be so too His Ignorance otherwise will oblige him to be a Spectator in another River when his Excellency is confined to that only experienced one in or near his own Parish or House But to proceed II. To understand the best Time when to Angle in We must first consider Affirmatively when most Seasonable Or 2. Negatively when Vnseasonable 1. Seasonable Angling is when the Weather is calm serene and clear tho' the Cool cloudy Weather in Summer is to be preferred provided the Wind blow not too boistrously to hinder your easy Guiding your Tools In the hottest Months the cooler the better 2. When a Violent shower hath disturbed the Water and mudded it then with a Red Worm Angle in the Stream at the Ground 3. A little before Fish spawn when they repair to gravelly Fords to rub and loosen their full Bellies they bite freely 4. From Sun-rising till eight of the Clock in the Morning and from four in the Afternoon till night for Carp and Tench In June and July Carps shew themselves on the very rim of the Water then Fish with a Lob-worm as you would with a Natural Fly But be sure to keep out of sight 5. In March April and September and all Winter when the Air is clear serene and warm And after a shower of Rain which hath only beaten the Gnats and Flies into the River without muddying The two first mentioned Months with May and part of June are most proper for the Fly Nine in the Morning and Three a Clock in the Afternoon is the best time as likewise when the Gnats play much in a warm Evening 6. In a Cloudy and Windy day after a Moon-shine clear Night for the brightness of the Night through fear making them abstain from feeding and the Gloominess of the Day emboldening and rendering them through Hunger sharp and eager upon food they bite then freely 7. Lastly at the opening of Milldams or Sluces you will find Trouts c. come forth seeking food brought down by the Water We come next to demonstrate the time not proper i. e. 2. Vnseasonable Angling in short is when the Earth is parched and scorched with Vehement Heat and Drought benummed and frozen with Cold Frost and Snow or refrigerated with Spring Hoar-Frosts or blasted with the sharp bitter nipping North or East Winds Or when blustring Boreas disorders your well guiding your Tackling or the Sheep-shearers Washings glutted the Fish and anticipated your Bait when the withdrawing of your Sport foretells a Storm and advises you to some shelter or Lastly when the night proves Dark and Cloudy you need not trouble your self the next day 't is to no purpose c. III. For providing Stocks the best time is the Winter Solstice when the Sap is in the Roots of Trees and their Leaves gone It is improper after January the Sap then ascending into the Trunk and expending it self over all the Branches See that your Stocks be Taper-grown and your Tops of the best Ground-Hazle that can be had smooth slender

have at the same time a proper Bait on your Hook for such Fish as are in the place you Angle The Artificial Cod or Cad Bait. Make the Body of yellow Bees-wax and head of black Dubin and black Silk or you may make the Body of yellow washed Leather Shamey or Buff and the head all of black Silk and this is an Incomparable bait for Trout Salmon or Smelts and those that are natural are most Excellent baits for Trout Grayling Salmons Tench Roach Chub Dace Carp Tench Ruff Bream and Bleak but then you must Fish with it in clear Water only Rules and Considerations about Baits in general Fish in general take all such baits freely as nature at that season affords in or near the places where you Angle for being used to them they are not afraid of any deceit but take them as their common food And for flies in this case in a Morning or Evening when you go to Angle beat the bushes about the Rivers or Ponds and such Flies as you rouse there Fish with either Natural or imitate them by Art as also see what Worms or other Insects fit for baits stick on the Leaves Grass or are in the Water and in this Observation you cannot miss of good Sport and when you have struck gently the backway draw a little and be not too hasty to take up before the Fish has had her play and spent her strength lest she break your Tackle If your Fish be large you must use your Landing Net To take Fish in the Night with a Light This is an Admirable way to supply you with a sudden Dish viz. Take a Glass in the form of a Urinal very deep put as much Clay in the bottom of it as will sink the Mouth of it within an Inch of the Water floating on pieces of Cork tied about the Neck to keep it steadily upright then place a Candle in it by sticking it in the Clay-socket anointing the out side of the Glass with Oyl of Asper This Light will shine a great way in a still Water so that the Fish being amazed at so unusual a Sight will come out of their holes about it and be detained with the scent of the Oyl so long that with a Hoop-net you may take great store of them Flies proper for every Month. For February little red brow Palmer flies the Plain Hackle the Silver Hackle the Gold Hackle the great Dun the great blew Dun the dark brown For March the little whirling Dun the early bright Brown the whitish Dun the Thorn-tree fly the blue Dun the little black Gnat the little bright Brown For April the small bright Brown the little dark brown the great whirling Dun the Violet Fly the yellow Dun the Horse-flesh-fly For May the Dun-cout the Green-drake the Stone-fly the black May fly the little yellow May Fly the Gray-drake the Camlet fly the Turkey Fly the yellow Palmer the black-flat Fly the light-brown the little Dun the white Gnat the Peacock Fly the Cow-Lady the Cowturd-fly For June From the first to the 24th the Green Drake and Stone Fly the Owl fly the Barm fly the purple Hackle the purple Gold Hackle the flesh Fly the little flesh Fly the Peacock fly the Ant fly the brown Gnat the little black Gnat the Green-Grasshopper the Dun Grasshopper the Brown Hackle For July The Badger fly the Orange fly the little white Dun the Wasp fly the Black Hackle the Shell fly the black brown Dun. For August The late Ant fly the Fern fly the white Hackle the Harry-long-Legs For September The Cammel brown fly the late Badger fly For October The same Flies that were used in March The best time to Angle in 1. If in the hot Months cloudy Weather is best when a small Gale stirs the Water 2. When the Floods have carryed away the filth that sudden Showers Incumbered the Water withall and the River and Pond retains its usual bounds looking of a whitish Colour 3. When a violent Shower has troubled or muddied the River or a little before the Fish spawn at what time they come into the sandy Ground to loosen their Bellies 4. After Rains when the Rivers keep their bounds yet rise and run swiftly for then they seek shelter in Creeks and little Rivulets running into the River 5. Fish for Carp and Tench early that is before Sun rise till Eight in the Morning and from four in the Afternoon till after Sun set In March the beginning of April and the latter end of September and all Winter when there are no great Frosts the Fish bite in the warm of the day the wind being still but in Summer Months Morning and Evening is best 6. Fish rise best at the Fly after the shower has muddied or Clouded the Waters and Fish with Flies in generally March April May and the beginning of June is the best for Trout you may Angle in a clear star light Night for they are then roaving about for prey he bites best in muddy water and the best time of Fishing for him is from 8 to 10 in the Morning and from three till five in the Afternoon 7. The Salmon Fishery is best in May June July and August from three in the Afternoon till Sun set and in the Morning as before 8. The Barble bites best early in the Morning till Ten or Eleven in May June July and the beginning of August 9. The Pearch and Ruff bites best all day in cool Cloudy Weather 10. The Carp and Tench bite early and late in the still parts of the River June July and August as likewise do the Chevin whose chief bait is white Snails and small Lamperies 11. The Breem bites from Sun rise till nine or ten in the Morning in muddy Water especially the Wind blowing hard for the most part keeping in the Middle of the Pond or River in May June July and August 12. Angle for the Pike in clear Water when it is stirred by a gentle Gale in July August September and October and then he bites best about three in the Afternoon but all the day in Winter and in April May and the beginning of June early in the Morning and late at Evening 13. The Roach and Dace bite all the day long at the Top of the Water at flies natural and Arteficial also at Grass-hoppers and all sorts of Worms if the Water be shady 14. The Gudgeon bites best in April till she has Spawned in May or if the Weather be cold till Wasp time and at the end of the year all day long near to a gentle Stream Observe when you Angle for her to stir and rake the Ground and the Bait will be taken the better 15. The Flounder in April bites all day May June and July especially in swift Streams yet he will bite tho' not so freely in a still Deep Of Fish-ponds Grounds most fit and proper to be cast into a Pond are those which are Marshy or Boggy or full of Springs unfit for Grazing or to be put to any profitable use besides Of these the last full of Springs will yield the best Water that which is Marshy will feed Fish and what is Boggy is best for a Defence against Thieves First draw by small Trenches all the Springs into one place and so drain the rest of the Ground then mark out the Head of your Pond and make it the highest part of the ground in the Eye tho' it be the lowest in a Level Cut the Trench of your Flood-gate so that when the Water is let out it may have a swift fall On each side of which Trench drive in stakes of Oak Ash or Elm six foot long and six Inches square place these in Rows near four foot distance as broad and wide from the Floodgate as you intend the Head of your Pond shall go Dig it in as big and large a Compass as the Ground will permit throw your Earth amongst the said stakes and ram it down hard till you have covered the stakes Drive in as many new ones next the first stakes and ram more Earth above them with stakes above stakes till the head-sides be of a convenient heigth Taking care that the inside of your Banks be smooth even hard and strong that the Current of the Water may not wear off the Earth Having thus digged eight foot deep that so it may carry six foot Water pave the bottom and Banks of the Pond with Sods of Flot-Grass laying them closs together pin them down with stakes and windings This Grass is a great feeder of Fish and grows naturally under Water Stake to the bottom of one side of the Pond Bavens and Brush-Wood-Faggots into which the Fish may cast their spawn Lay Sods upon Sods to nourish and breed Eels The Pond being made let in Water and thus store it Put Carp Bream and Tench by themselves Pike Pearch Eel and Tench the Fishes Physician by themselves for Food of the greater Fishes put store of Roach Dace Loach and Menow and Lastly to one Melter put three Spawners and in three Years the increase will be great and in five Years with difficulty be destroyed In 3 Years Sue your Pond which you must continue to do for the Roach will increase in such abundance that eating up the sweet food will make other Fish as Carps c. be very lean Therefore every Year view your Pond and observe if any such Fry appears thin them To make Carps grow large c. About April when your Pond is low rake the sides where the Water is fallen with an Iron rake sow Hay-seeds there rake it well and at the end of Summer you shall have store of Grass In Winter the Water will over-top the Grass and being Water enough for them the Carps will resort to the sides and feed briskly and grow fat Thus do every Summer till you sue your Pond and no River Carp can surpass them FINIS