through their transgression thei were driuen out of the pleasaunt Paradise and cast forthe into this vale of miserie the yearth them selues and their posteritée being cursed for their offence yet it tooke soche effecte that all mankinde whiche haue been since that tyme vntill this daie haue proceded of them and their posteritee beyng ingendred by the coniunction of their pareÌ„tes Soche was the wonderfull prouidence of God omnipotent from the beginning that all liuing creatures should contain in theim selues soche seede as doeth suffice to engender their like in their kinde that thereby the frailtee and mortalitee of eche kinde of liuyng creates might by succession bee preserued from vtter decaie and remain from age to age continually increasing by many hundred yeres to the settyng for the of Goddes glorie whiche thyng as dooeth plainlie appere in euery kind of creature so it maie sufficiently and moste manifestly be perceiued by consideryng the state of mankind Whose life although for the moste part after Noes â—lood it hath not exceaded an hundred yeares in one particular man yet none can denie but at this day beyng aboue fiue thousande yeares froÌ„ the beginning of the worlde the nomber of men is so infinite proceaded of the two former persones our first parentes that they be as the fanâ—e of the sea or as the starres of the heauen innumecrable The body therefore of eche mankynde the twoo former persones onely excepted is ingeÌ„dred of the sead of his pareÌ„tes in his mothers wombe eche parte of the body being their fourmed and fashioned by diuine nature receiuing no norishement of bloud vntill y e full time of birth But after that the infant is borne into the worlde as long as it is tender And weake it is fedde and nourished with milke and when strengthe is increased then meates are ministred to it of sondry substaunce harder of digestion Wherin if a due order and moderate measure be kept and certain other necessary circumstaunces obserued which both reason and arte prescribeth as shalbe hereafter declared then the bodie continueth alwayes vnto the last age in safetie and health moreouer eche member kepeth his naturall estate and is both able and readie to doe soche functioÌ„s and busines as nature hath ordained them to doe As the stomack to haue a good appetite and to digest and alter meates well the lyuer to engender good bloud the raynes to seperate vrine from the bloud soche like excepting alwayes some externall and violent outward cause whiche may hinder their operation as a wynde a fal or soche like of whiche I entende not to speake further in this place ¶ The .ii. Chapter ¶ what thinges be requisite for him to knowe whiche would kepe his body in health THe preseruatioÌ„ of health doth chiefly consiste in knowledge of the body and in due moderate vse of sustinaunce ministred to thesame Of the first part I will chiefly intreate in this booke First it is requisite to come to y e knowledge of our bodies by vnderstanding wherof they are compacte and made Secondarily it is good and nedefull to knowe the differences of the partes of the bodie Thirdly their offices and powers are to be considered Fourthly the diuersitie of humains Last of all the complexions of the bodies are to be diligently marked which thinges duely and exactely considered noted A mete diet may sone bée serched out whiche if it be obserued there is no doubte but helthe may be preserued and sicknes eschued so long as nature is able to sustaine the body which thing Galen the Prince of all Phisitions declared in him self who although by nature he had a weake body which was subiect to many diseases in his youth yet he coÌ„fesseth him selfe that after eightene yeares of age being theÌ„ somewhat skilful in phisicke he so preserued his body that from those yeares vntill the time of his death which many reporte to be about the huÌ„dred yere of his age he was neuer vexed with any sicknes except it were with a seuer called Ephemera whiche lasteth but one daye that also he could easely haue auoyded if he had not more regarded at sometime to pleasure his frende with his arte then to obserue in al pointes the exacte preseruation of his health But peraduenture some wil alledge for this one example whiche is by hearsaye that they haue seen and dooe knowe diuerse Phisitions whiche be often subiect to sundrie diseases as wel as other sorts of men And therfore this litle perswadeth them that any arte maye preserue a man loÌ„g in health to whom I answer that there is great difference betwene those that study phisicke only to get a liuing thereby and them that searche out the knowlege therof to guide their liues according to the doctrine of it Of this last sorte of Phisitions was Galen who thought it a great reproche bothe to the science and to himselfe if this prouerbe might truly haue béen verified of him Aliorum est medicus ipse vlceribus statens that is to saye he is Phisition to other himself being full of byles sores Of thesame sorte also many other famous Phisitions haue béen and at this present be whiche men of indifferent vpright iudgement doe and may easelye perceiue But of the first sorte if there haue ben any or by chaunce at this present be I thinke they are an example to discredite this noble scieÌ„ce only to those that be ignoraunt rude and vnlearned who for that cause are enemies of this arte And therfore it is a true prouerbe Scientia non habet inimicum nisi ignorantem that is none is enemy to anye knowledge or science but he that is ignoraunt in it if any that bee vnlearned doe take occasion to despise phisike as a vaine thing takyng example at the life of the first sorte of phisitioÌ„s aforenamed I thinke I may safely iudge that they do it of an obstinate stubburnes or of a cancred hatred or els of wilfull blindnes like as the vile Renobites and Papistes at this preseÌ„t daie do seke meanes to discredite credite preachers as muche as they can by scrupulous serching and examininge of their liuing which somtime they finde to disagree from their doctrine God geue them grace to repente in time that they laye no soche stumbling blockes in weiklinges wayes Nowe I will leaue theÌ„ and returne againe to my purpose declaring in order the thinges requisite to be vnderstanded for the knowledge of our bodies as is aforesaied ¶ The. iii. Chapiter ⧠wherof mans body is compacte FIrst it is to be noted that ther are foure Elementes that is fyre ayre water and earthe which elementes haue in theÌ„ contrarie qualities one to an other that is heate colde drienes and moisture And the yearth is the loweste and heauiest element and it is colde and drie by nature Next the earth is the water beyng colde and moist The aire is
aboue the water and is hote and moiste Then cometh in the fire whiche is the highest the lightest element being hote drie Of these foure elementes according to the sentence of Hipocrates Galene and all other phisitions of that secte nature hath framed and made eche mans bodie So that euery mans body is compact and doth consiste of the foure Elementes whiche are so mixed together by nature that none of them doth remaine simple and pure in mannes body And therefore we oughte not to thinke that pure fyre or water ayre or earth should be conteined in mans body if that he bée made thereof because the elementes are not vnmixed in any liuing creature but like as in a medicine made of waxe pitch rosyn and tallowe when thei are melted together there appeareth neither ware nor pitche nor rosyn nor yet tallowe but a thing coÌ„pounded of their substauÌ„ce whiche retaineth their qualities and yet is like none of them Euen so in mans body whiche consisteth of the foure elementes being coÌ„mixed by nature in his generation none of the elementes is to be séen or perceiued simplie and seperatly but there appereth euidently a substaunce commixed and made of the elementes whiche substaunce retaineth in it the qualities of theim and yet is like none of theÌ„ It shal be sufficient therfore for him that is not so muche addicte to his senses that he will beleue nothyng but that whiche he maâ— see féele or perceine with outwarde senses When he seeth in the body any meÌ„ber that is colde and drie and harde as bones gristles or suche like he maye consider that the substaunce of yearth is there where he findeth his qualities as likewise when he seeth bloud moiste and liquid he may perceiue that y e element of water is ther. The great heate that is in a liuing body may put him in minde of the element of fyre Like as also the breath of man may sone persuade him y t the element of ayre is in mans body This example I haue brought furth only to cause a deper consideration of the coniunctioÌ„ of the foure elemeÌ„tes in man 〈◊〉 which although it can not be iudged by outward senses yet is it certainly to be credited that euery member in mans body be it neuer so smal doth consiste of the foure elemeÌ„tes And therfore the auncieÌ„t Phisitions defineth an element saiyng it to be the lest and moste simple portion of that thinge which it doth constitute and make The cause why the knowledge of y e elemeÌ„tes is both mete and necessary as well for him that is studious to preserue helth as for the Phisition is that eche of theÌ„ may vnderstande that health doth consiste in a naturall temperature of heate colde drynes and moisture And contrariwyse that disease chaunce to the body by distempure of the said foure qualities of the elemeÌ„tes for nature hath geueÌ„ to euery member of the body in the time of generation a moste mete apt temperaturefrom whiche if any member doe decline in heate colde drynes or moisture there followeth some disease in that member whiche is consequent to the qualitie abounding or wauntiâ—◠¶ The. iiii Chapiter ⧠Of the difference of partes in mans bodie THough the partes of maÌ„s body be mani in nombre yet thei at comprehended in a fewe diuisions Note therfore that there be some partes of the body that be called in Latine Simdares partes that is to sate soche partes as being deuided eche pece is like the whole parte may well be called by the same denomination and name As for example the least peace of fleshe is to be called fleshe as the whole member from whiche it was seperate And these following be commonly called Similari or like partes that is fleshe bones sinues gristles filmes ligameÌ„ts vaines arteries and suche like Some other partes in the body be called in Latine Instrumentales or dissimilares partes that is instrumentalles and vnlyke partes and sâ—che members are compouÌ„ded and doe consiste of the saied similarie and like partes As the head the hande the foote and such other members that are compact of bones sinues flesh vaynes other aforenamed Note also that of instrumentall members there be two sortes whereof they that bee of the firste sorte be called principall members And they are foure in nombre that is to saye the brayne the harte the liuer and the stones And these are called principal meÌ„bers because without the three first no man may liue And without the last the generatioÌ„ of mankinde should cease â–ª All other instrumentarie members besides these foure are lesse principall and are to be coumpted of the second sorte Note moreouer that to y â— aforesaid foure principall members there he foure ministers or haÌ„dmaydes that is senues arteries vaines and sparmatike vessels whereof senues serueth for the brayne Arteries for the harte vaynes serue for the lyuer and sparmatike vessels for the stones Thus muche haue I spoken for the generall difference of members in mans body As for the knowledge of special or particular differences of eche parte of euery member I referre the Reader to bookes of Anatomies ¶ The. v. Chapiter ⧠Of the offices and powers of members in mans body THe facultie vertue or power y â— nature hath graffed in any meÌ„ber is the cause from whence the action doing or working â–ª of that member procedeth springeth It behoueth vs therefore firste to serche out what faculties there be in the body that thereby the operations of members may appeare Note that there be three diuerse faculties or powers whiche doe gouerne the whole body of maÌ„ And they be called in Latin Animalis facultas vitalis naturalis that is the animal power the vitall and the naturall power And these three faculties be engraffed doe proceade from the thre first principal members that we haue made meâ—â—â—â— of in the former chapiter that is from the braine the harte and the liuer from whiche members all other partes of the body receiue their force and vertue For in the braine consisteth the facultie and power animall whiche is deriued sent from theÌ„se by synowes that syring there into al partes of the bodie gâ—uing sense and mouing throughout the bodie and increasing wit And therfore it is to bee noted that there be three sundrie actions or operations that proceade from this facultie into diuerse partes of the body The first action whereof the power animall is cause is outward sense and that is done 〈◊〉 maner of wayes that to by seing hearing smelling tasting and feling The second action is voluÌ„tarie mouing of any meÌ„ber wherby a man may moue any member of his body when he will and state it at his pleasure as the mouing of the legge the arme the head the tounge and suche like The thirde action is inwarde sense and wit or vnderstanding and it is called in Latine Princeps It
may be called in Englishe principall or chief And there be three kindes thereof that is imagination or common sense reason or fantasie And memorie wherof according to Philosophers opinions the imagination consisteth in the formoste parte of the brayne ouer the forehead and fantasie remaineth in the midle of the braine Last of all memorie is placed in the hindermost parte of the braine aboue the noddle of the necke The seconde facultie or power which is called the vitall facultie doth consiste in the harte whiche is the fountaine of life and natural heate and it spreadeth from thence in arteries or pulses that haue their first beginning ther into al partes of the bodie geuing life to the whole bodie wherfore the chiefe action and operation of this facultie proceading is the geuing of vitall and liuely breath to all members whiche thing is perfourmed by the pulses coÌ„tinually opening or rysing vp and shutting or falling downe whiche when they open they drawe into themseues cold ayer whiche ayer dothe recreate there vp refreshe the power vitall whereof also the power animall is engendred But when the pulses or Arteries shutte they expâ—l and driue out soche fumous and smoky excrementes as are engendred through burninge or boiling of humours in the whole bodie for naturall heate is not vnlike to a fire whiche in boyling of any liquor raiseth a great fume euen so wheÌ„ natural heate will turne the substaunce of meates receiued into the substaunce of the members of our body it first boileth them and trieth them taking so moche of them as is moste apte and mete And the reste is expelled out of the bodie and is called an excrement The thirde and last facultie or power that gouerneth the bodie is called the naturall facultie which consisteth in the lyuer and it is sent from thence into all members of the bodie in vaines whiche dooe theire beginne and spring ministring nourishement and foode to eche member And note that this facultie is the cause of foure sundrie operations whiche it geueth to eche member that is attraction retention digestion and expulsion whose vertues are as foloweth First by the power attractiue euery meÌ„ber dothe drawe vnto it soche Iuise and foode as is metest to nourishe it Secondarely by the power retentiue eche meÌ„ber is able to keepe still and retaine the iuyse that is drawen to it vntill it be altered and chaunged into the substaunce of the member that it should nourishe these two faculties are ministers or haÌ„dmaides to the altring or disgesting facultie Thirdly by the digestiue or altering power that iuyse whiche is drawen to any member and retained there is digested altered and chaunged into another substaunce and by thesame power also it is aglutinate and ioyned to the member whiche is to be nourished And last of all it is made like to y t member which it nourisheth â–ª Fourthly by the expulsiue power eche member is able to seperate expulse and driue from it al suche superfluitées as be vnprofitable to nourishe that member and soche as nature is not able to alter and digeste soche superfluities and excrementes eche member hath power by the expulsiue facultée to driue from it lest if they should tarie long in any part of the body they would putrifie and rotte These be the principal powers and operations whiche I alreadie haue rehersed But beside them other meÌ„bers that are lesse principall haue their peculier operations as the longes draweth in and sendeth fourth breath the stomacke desireth meates and drinkes The liuer draweth the iuyâ—e of meates drinkes out of the stomacke the guttes and turneth it into bloude the gail draweth colerique humours froÌ„ the bloude the splene draweth melancholie humors from the bloud The raines drawe and seperate vrine from the bloud and sendeth it downe into the bladder And diuerse other members haue peculier operations whiche would be to long to reherse in this small treatise ¶ The .vi. Chapiter ¶ Of the diuersitee of humours in mannes bodie THere bee in the bodie of all mankinde fower sondrie humours that is blood fleume choler and melancholie whiche humours are daielie nourished and engendred of the iuise of meates and drinkes receiued into the body and there altered by naturall heat These humours maie bee called the second elementes or the elementes of maÌ„ for thei are equalle with the elementes and thei haue also the qualities of Elementes For blood is hotte and moiste like the aire fleume is colde and moiste like the water Choler is hotte and drie like the fire and Melancholie is cold and drie like the yearth These .4 humours as long as the bodie is in health doe remaine in soche porcion as nature ordained theim in at the firste generacion of the bodie and thei keepe their appointed places their colours tastes and operations for whiche nature ordeined them Knowe therefore that blood is engeÌ„dred in the Liuer of the iuise that is drawen out of the stomacke and is more aboundaunte in a haile man then any of the humours beside it is spread from the Liuer by vaines into al partes of the bodie his vse and propertie is to nourishe eche member And if the blood he naturall it is hote and moiste or rather temperate it is red in colour and sweete in taste whiche plainly appereth in healthfull folke Fleume that is naturalle is lesse in quantitie then blood it is chiefly engendred in the stomacke and it is as it were nourishemente halfe digested or halfe tourned into bloode whiche beyng drawen with the iuise of meates and drinkes to the Liuer the greateste parte of it tourneth into bloode The vse and propertie of the rest of flegme is to make the blood to flowe more quicklie in the vaines and flegme also because it is liquid and slipperie it helpeth the mouyng of y â— ioyntes And note that naturall flegme is cold and moiste in operacion white in coloure and without taste like water Choler that is natural is lesse in qualitie then Flegme And note that nature hath appoincted for it a peculiar receptaâ—le and seate that is a bladder hanging on the Liuer commonlie called the Gall lest if that Choler should bee mingled with the blood all the bodie would be yelowe as it is in the yelowe IauÌ„dise And therfore nature hath ordained that when Bloode is made in the Liuer the Gall draweth froÌ„ it Cholerike humours to make it the more pure The vse and propertie of Cholere is to flowe into the guttes that it might scoure theim and clense them from Flegmatike excremeÌ„tes and that it might helpe their excrecion that is that it might raise and stire vp the vertue expulsiue to driue out the egestions in due tyme. The Choler that is naturall is hote and drie in operacioÌ„ yelowe in colour and bitter in taste As for Melancholie it is as it wer the dregges and grounde soppes of Blood whiche
if it be naturall it is leste in quaÌ„titie of all humours And it is to bee noted that nature hath appoincted a member in mannes bodie commonlie called the Splene or Milt whiche draweth froÌ„ the blood this blacke and yearthlie humoure leste if it should flowe with the bloode in the vaines it would make the colour of the whole bodie blacke as it chaunceth in the blacke Iaundise wherin Melancholie floweth all ouer the bodie with blood in the vaines The splene therfore is ordained by nature to drawe awaie the dregges and thicke residence of the blood The vse and propertie of the Melancholie in mannes body is to nourishe the Splene and to helpe the accioÌ„s and operacions of the stomack for it causeth the stomack to comprehende well in it self meates that are receiued and to retein and kepe them vntill thei be fully digested The colour of natural Melancholie is blacke like yearth it is cold and drie in operacion and sowre in taste These ar the qualities and quantities whiche are naturallie conteined in the humours of mannes bodie But if it so chaunce that any of these humours doe alter by any meanes in quaÌ„titie colour substance taste or place then thei cause sicknes little or moche accordyng to the excesse or decrease or malignaunt qualities of the humors declining froÌ„ his natural state which for breuitie I let passe ¶ The .vii. Chapiter ¶ Of the complexions of mannes bodie THe auncient Phisicions doe saie that a coÌ„plexion or temperament is nothyng els but a mixture of the fower elementes that is Fire Aire Water and Yearth and thei make .ix. sondrie kindes of complexions one that is temperate and eight that be not temperate whereof fower be simple that is hote or colde or moiste or drie And .iiij. bee compounde that is hote and moiste or colde and moiste hote and drie or cold and drie But soche men as write accordyng to the capacitie or vnderstandyng of the reader thei do sate that a complexion is a mixture of the fower humours in maÌ„nes bodie that is Blood Flegme Choler and MelaÌ„cholie And thei make but fower sondrie complexions according to the nomber of those humoures whiche doctrine of theirs although it be farre inferiour to the other yet it is not vnprofitable but worthie to bée marked of all menne for thereby thei maie haue cause to consider that somme humoure doth abounde more in some one manne then in an other whereby the qualities and disposicions of diuers men are altered It is necessarie therefore for hym that would knowe of what complexion hym selfe or anye other persone is to obserue and marke as well the inward qualities and disposicions of the minde as also the outwarde signes of the body accordinge to the preceptes here nexte insuyng The bodye wherin bloud or ayer hath dominion and preheminenâ— doth abounde on heate and moisture and it is counted Sanguine of complexion it may be knowen by these signes Mirth iesting familiaritie delight in pastimes Liberalitie and fréenes of harte Simplicitie and meane witte Seldome angrie Pulse great and swifte and full Fleshines of members without fat Prones to carnall luste Largenes and fulnes of the vaines arreries Aboundaunce of ordure and vrine swette without euill sauoure Aptnes to bleding at the nose and flures of bloud and diseases thereof Colour of the face and bodie ruddie mixed with whyte and redde Often dreaminges of bloud and redd thinges without feare Desire of wyne good digestion Vrine reddishe and often grosse Reddishe heare in great abuÌ„daunce The bodie wherin fleâ—â—e or water hath preheminence doth abounde in colde and moisture and it is called â—hâ—eginatike of complexioÌ„ whiche maye be knoweÌ„ by these signes Forgetfulnes Dulnes of witte sense in learning Slouthfulnesse and hoaâ—inesse in mouinge Ouermuche stepines Colours of the face bodye white sallow pale or leady Much fatnes without sound fleshe The pulse small slowe seldome softe Reumatike full of spittle swete white and thicke Much moistor comming out at the nose and mouthe DigestioÌ„ slowe and weake Appetite of soure sharpe meates Smothe shynne without hears Cowardlines feare Vrine whitish pale thin Swette whitish vnsauery Dreames of waters snow rain c. Whitish hears Delighte in hote things hurt ensuing cold things Vaines smal little apering The bodie wherin Choâ—er or Fire hath dominioÌ„ doeth abound in heate and drines and is named Cholerike of complexion and it maie be knowen by these signes Rashenes in all thinges quicke witte Subtilitie prodigalitie Irefulnesse boldenesse and hardinesse Desire of reuengement sharpelie Hearines and roughnes Drines and leanesse of the bodie Heare redde Aburne and curled Coloure of the eyes and face yelowe like the iaundise The pulse great swifte and harde The vrine like fine golde in colour or like fire Impatiente with hunger or thirste Drynes of the tunge and roughnes Little filthe in the nose and little spittle Sone very angrie and sone appeased Watching very longe and often Dreaminges of battaill murder fire bloudshed Delight in colde thinges Quicke and strong of digestion Swifte and light of bodie â–ª Often â—nawyng in the mouthe of the stomacke and costiuenes in middellage The bodie wherin Melancholie or yearth hath dominioÌ„ doth abounde in coldnesse and drinesse and is named melancholie of complexion it may be knowen by these signes Grauitie and simplicitie Euill disposition so that often thei kill themselues Enuie couetousnes nigardnesse fearfulnesse sorowe weping â–ª kepiÌ„g secret coÌ„sâ—â— solitarie wittie constant in opinion Slowe to anger Harde to please after anger Leanesse and roughnesse of the whole bodie Blacknesse or sâ—artnesse of the face and skinne Heare blacke and plain Pulse slowe little and harde Vrine subcâ—â—ine grenish or 〈…〉 bright and 〈…〉 swearing Oftentimes blacke 〈…〉 dreames of death grauce and soche like Content with small sleping Impatiente of cold By these signes and qualities before rehersed eche man may learne to know of what complexion he is of if he wil diligently coÌ„sider the same And note that it shalbe sufficient to iudge his coÌ„plexioÌ„ to be according with y â— humour to which for the moste part his qualities and outwarde signes be agreing and inclining Although all the properties prescribed to the humour doe not agree with him For the disposition of the mynde and also the state of the bodie are oftentimes altered and chaunged from their naturall course sometime to better and some time to worse according to the good or euill education of the partie As among â—â—anie this one example doth declare whiche is written of auncient and credible Historiographiers There was sometime in Grece a man which was named Zopirus who by beholding of a mans face could knowe his complexion and iudge his condicions This man beholding Socrates an excellent Philosopher iudged him to be prodigall and vnchast Whiche iudgement wheÌ„ Socrates familiar frendes had heard thei lawghed Zopirus to scorne because they knewe Socrates to bee moste centinent and
Coleworte 7. Camomill 8. Percely 9. Sage 10. Spinache 11. Violettes 12. Endiue 13. Succorie 14. Purselane 15. Peniroyall 16. Lauender 17. Burnet 18. Rosemarie 19. Roses 20. Rue 21. Tyme 22. Tansie 23. Hysope 24. Hartestoung 25. Strauberies 26. Fenell 27. Rocket 28. Cresses 29. Dragons 30. Cucumbers 31. Gourdes 32. Selandine 33. Clarie 34. Marigoldes 35. Langdebefe 36. Betonie 37. Germander 38. Daisies 39. Comferie 40. Motherworf 41. Sperage 42. Smalache 43. Orache 44. Sothernwod 45. Garlike 46. Onions 47. Leekes 48. Matoram 49. Greate Mallowes 50. Dill. 51. Flour de luce 52. Laurell 53. Liuer worte 54. Lilies 55. Louage 56. Mintes 57. Neppe 58. Filipenduia 59. Basill 60. Alisaunders 61. Berberies 62. Pionie 63. Poppie 64. Radishe 65. Balme 66. Vines 67. witer cheries 68. Valerian 69. Sauerie ¶ The .ix. Chapiter ¶ The vertue and temperamentes of soche herbes as be named in the former Chapiter 1. Borage Borago BOrage is hotte and moiste in the first degree it is a comfortatiue to the harte and the vital spirites The wine wherin Borage hath béen stieped beyng drounke doeth cause mirthe and gladnesse The flowers of Borage would bee gathered in Iulie and dried in the shadowe and kept close for thei are cordialles and dooe comforte the harte 2. Buglosse Buglossum BVglosse is of thesame temperature that Borage is of and thei bee in maner of like vertues A Iulep or decoction made of Buglosse or Borage doeth quenche thirste and prouoke vrine and thei are good againste diseases of the Liuer The floures of Buglosse would bee saued â—â—like like sorte as is before saied of Borage 3. Betes Beta BEtes bee of twoo sortes white and blacke white Betes do losen the bealie beyng taken in meane quantitee but either of them cause euill iuice and doe hurte the stomacke if thei be abundauntly eaten Thei nourishe but little Thei bee verie good againste obstruccions of the Liuer and Splene if thei bee eaten with Mustarde and Vineger specially the white Betes Thei are of a scouryng and abstersiue qualitie The iuice of them purgeth the hedde beyng put into the nosethrilles Thei are compted of some authours hote and drie in the third degree 4. Letuse Lactuca LEtuse of the Gardeine is colde and moiste in the first degree it is profitable to the stomacke it coleth it prouoketh slepe it maketh the bealie soluble it engendreth aboundauÌ„ce of milke it quencheth thirst it nourisheth moste when it is sodden And where as all other herbes engender verie little bloude and that vitious and naught also it is very good in Sallettes for a hotte stomacke The herbe it self and the séede thereof drunken abate carnall concupiscence But if Letuse be eaten verie often it hurteth the iye sight it causeth slepe The seede of Letuse is to be gathered in Auguste 5. Sorrell Acetosa SOrrel hath diuerse kindes It is couÌ„ted colde and drie in the seconde degree The brothe wherein Sorrell is sodden being receiued lowseth the bellie The sedes of it are restrictiue and therfore thei are good to be dronke against a laxe the bloudie flixe and fretting of the gultes and lothing of the stomack Also y e iuyce thereof being dronke is counted good to withstande poyson and infection of the pestilence 6. Coleworte Brassica OF Colewortes there be foure kindes They are hotte drye in the first degree The iuyce of Colewortes is of suche vertue that it will pourge But the herbe it selfe because of the drie substaunce of it both rather bynde and make costiue specially if it be sodden a while in one water and that being poured out well sodden in an other water The iuyce of theÌ„ pourge the head being put into the nosethrilles Being takeÌ„ after much drinking it withstandeth dronkennes The leaues being applied outwarde doe drie vp vlcers and skinne them Being eateÌ„ rawe with vinegre they are good for diseases of the Splene 7. Camomyll Chamomaelon CAmomill is hotte and drie in the first degrée it hath vertue to mollifie dissolue rarefie and losen therfore it mitigateth payne and profiteth against swelling werines It groweth best in a drie barrain grouÌ„d nighe to pathes The flowers are to bee gathered in June which are to be dried and kepte for medicines Also of the flowers and oyle Oliue is oyle of Camomil made whiche hath many good vertues specially to mittigate paine and to comforte and mollifie the synewes and ioyntes The decoction or iuyce of Camomill being dronkeÌ„ doth driue away feuers if the humours that causeth the Feuer be digested It is good for wyndines Colickes Stitches It prouoketh vrine and is good against the Stone 8. Percely Petroselinum PErcely is hote and drie in the thirde degrée the best groweth in stonie roughe places The seede of it is to be gathered in September it hath vertue bothe the leues rootes and seede to prouoke vrine to expell wyndines to helpe gripinges Coliques and it is profitable to the stomake and refresheth appetite making sweete breathe and clensinge of the raynes 9. Sage Saluia SAge is hote and drie in the seconde degree it is somewhat restrictiue and binding The decoction of the leaues of sage being droÌ„ke doth prouoke vrine This herbe being applied to woundes stauncheth the bloud of theÌ„ And it hath vertue to pourge foule Vlcers 10. Spinache Spinacia SPinage is colde and moiste in the first degree it will growe plenteously in any grounde it may be sowen in September It mollifieth maketh soluble the bellie if the brothe wherein it is sodden be eaten it is vnprofitable to the stomake causing vomet engendring wynde 11. Violettes Violae VIolettes are colde in the firste degrée and moiste in the secoÌ„d The flowers of Violettes would be gathered and reserued in Marche Violettes haue vertue to coole and therefore they are good to be applied vpon an inflamed stomake and vpon inflamations of the eyes and of the foundament Generally they are good to be applied vppon all outwarde apostumations and swellinges that bee hote Being applied vnto the forehead or smelled vnto they prouoke slepe and cease head ache comming of heate 12. Endiue Endiuia ENdiue is colde in the second degree and drie in the firste It is good for the stomake if it be eaten with Vineger After it is sodden it causeth costiuenes It taketh awaye obstructions and stoppinges it represseth the boyling of bloud and taketh awaye inflamations of the liuer This herbe comforteth and strengtheneth the liuer 13. Succory Cichoria SVccorie is of the same temperature and hath like qualities that Endiue hathe they are good herbes to be vsed in brothes and decoctions in hote feuers and in the Iaundis 14. Purcelane Porruiaca PVrcelane is cold in the third degree and moiste in the seconde it is good to be applied outwardly for head ache and for inflammation of the eies and for al hote diseases or inflamations of any parte of the bodie It is good
for a hote and inflamed stomake it abateth carnall luste And it is good against fluxes of bloud and it helpeth the teeth that be astoined if it be chawed 15. Penyroyall Pulegium PEnyroyall is hote and drie in the thirde degree it will growe best in watrie groundes being ones set it will continue long It is good against a colde stomake that is combred with flewme for it doeth extenuate and cut the flewme digesting it and heating the stomake And it is good also against grose tough flewme contained in the breste and lungues It pourgeth melancholie somewhat it refresheth the spirites being smelled vnto with Vineger 16. Lauender Lauendula LAuender is hote and drie in the seconde degree It groweth best in stonie places wher y t Sunne shyneth muche It flourisheth in Iune Iulie it is good against paine in the stomake comming of colde against wyndines and against paine of the wombe it taketh away hardenes of the Splene and obstructions of the liuer It is good against the Strangury it healeth and drieth the head if it bee layde to it outwardly 17. Burnet Sanguisorba BVrnet is colde drie and restrictiue It is good agaist bloudie fluxes being dronken in wyne or water and to stoppe laxes 18. Rosemary Rosmarinus ROsemary is hote drie in the thirde degree The fume of it is good to cease the cough and reume And also it being burned in a house correcteth pestilent ayre also it comforteth the braine the memorie and the harte It is good against trembling of the members and against Palseis 19. Roses Rosa ROses are colde and drie moderatly they doe coole and binde but specially being dried the sauoure of theim is cōfortable to hote braines They are good against feuers engendred of choler thei strengthen the stomake and the liuer 20. Rue Ruta RVe is hote and drie in the third degree it loueth sonny and drie places it doeth heate exulcerate and prouoke vrine it bindeth the bealy it is an Antidote for poisons being taken with walnuttes and drie figges it destroieth carnall lust it dissolueth wyndines it drieth and perceth very much it is good against paine of the huckle bone and ioyntes and for shaking feuers 21. Time Thymus TYme is hote and drie in the third degree it will growe in barraine groūde If it be mixed with hony and eaten it louseth the touch fleme in the brest lunges It prouoketh vrine it healeth the bodie scoureth the gutts from fleme it dissolueth wyndines and is holsome in brothes and sauces for haile folke 22. Tansey Tanacetum TAnsie is hote in the seconde degree and drie in the first It is good to dissolue wyndines of the stomake and guttes and to kil wormes in the belly expelling them out It is vsed also to prouoke vrine and to breake the stone of the reynes 23. Hysope Hysopus HYsope is hote drie in the thirde degree It is good against olde coughes distillatiōs of the lunges Shortnes of breath stopping of y t lunges with tough cold fleme for it is hote hath vertue to extenuate and deuide If it be eatē with grene figges it purgeth fleme downwarde but taken with hony and water warme it causeth vomite 24. Hartestounge Scolopendria HArtestunge it is hote in the first degrée and in the second It groweth best in shadowe places and stony This herbe is restrictiue bitter and therfore being dronken with vineger it helpeth the splenetike folke that is such as haue diseases of y ◠splene 25. Straweberies Fragaria STraweberies be cold moist moderatly but the leaues are colde and drie The truite of theim quenche thirste and bée profitable for the stomake specially if it bee colerike The iuyce of Strawberies is good for vlcers of the face The decoction of the herbe rote is good for sore mouthes and to consolidate vlcers and to stoppe a fluxe 26. Fenell Feniculum FEnell is hote in the thirde degrée and drie in the first This herbe being eaten causeth womens pappes to be full of milke likewise doth the seade of it being dronken or sodden with ptisan The rootes and seede doe prouoke vrine and dissolue wyndines it taketh awaye obstructions and maketh swete breath 27. Rocket Eruca ROcket is hote and drie in the thirde degrée This herbe is vsed in sallettes to be vsed with Letuse for they be of contrary natures because Letuse abateth but Rocket stirreth vp carnall lust specially being eaten aboundauntly rawe The séede of it prouoketh vrine and helpeth digestion it is windie and causeth head ache being eaten alone 28. Cresses Nasturtium GArdeine Cresses be hoote and drie in the fourth degrée specially the seede thereof it dothe heate muche it is enemy to the stomake it diminisheth the splene it prouoketh carnall luste it is like in operation to mustarde seede and Rocket and it is good against falling of heare 29. Dragons Dracunculus maior DRagons it is hoote and drie in the seconde degrée it groweth in shadowe hedges best The roote of it doth purge all the inwarde partes specially by extenuating grosse thicke humours it is also good against coughes distillacions shorte breathinges and ruptures being mixed with hony 30. Cucumbers Cucumiris CVcumbers be cold and moiste in the seconde degree they be best in a fat ground and in sonny places but they must be often watered They waxe rype in Iulie they are good for the stomake for they coole and doe not easely corrupt Their séedes ar worthely to be saued for they are good for many hote diseases If they be taken with milke they be good for exulcerations of the reines and bladder also thei prouoke vrine But if Cucumbers bee not well digested they breede euill humours in the body Melons and Pepōs be of the same nature 31. Gourdes Cucurbita GOurdes be colde and moiste in the seconde degrée they loue waterie and moist groundes If they be eaten rawe they bee vnpleasaunt and very hurtful to the stomake and wil not be digested thei slack thirste But if thei bee sodden bake or fried they minister to the body colde and moiste nourishement and that in little quātitie for because of their slipperines they passe sone out of the body yet being so vsed they be easy of digestion and doe prouoke vrine 32. Selandine Chaelidonia SElandine is hoote and drie in the thirde it groweth in shadowe places The iuyce of it mixed with hony and sodden in a brasen vessell is good against dimnes of the sight Some vse the roote of it for the Iaundice comming of obstructions of the liuer sething it in whyte wyne with Anise séedes and then drinking the decoction If it be chewed it is good for paine in the téeth 33. Clarie Harmiuu◠CLarie is hote and meanely drie it is of vertue to prouoke carnal lust specially the séede of it drōke with wyne If it be
mixed with hony it is good to pourge whyle spottes in the â—yes 34. Marigouldes Calendulae MArigouldes be hoote and drie moderatly the herbe of theim is good to be put in salleties pottage The iuyce of them is good for the tothe ache 35. Langue de bief Lingua bouis LAngue de bief is hotâ— moist in the first degrée it is in maner of the same qualities and operatioÌ„ that Buglosse is of for it is good for obstructions and prouoketh vrine 36. Betony Betonica BEtonie is hote drie in the firste degree complete it will grow in colde and shadowie places This herbe is good against the stoone in the raynes It pourgeth and scoureth the lunges the brest and the liuer it is good against the falling sicknes and the Sciatica it is good against biting of serpentes and venemous beastes The rotes of it mixed with water and honie being sodden and drunken warme doe prouoke a vomite it is also good against burstinges and crampes 37. Germaunder Chamedris TErmaunder is hote and drie in the third degree The herbe being soddeÌ„ in water while it is grene and so dronke is good against conuuitions coughes hardenes of the splene difficultie in pissinge and against dropsies in the beginning of theÌ„ it prouoketh vrine and menstrues and taketh awaye obstructions 38. Daysies Bellis minor THe smal Daisies ar hote drie somewhat This herbe is good against Palsy Gowtes and the sciatica And the iuyce of it is good for freshe woundes both taken inwardly and applied outwardlie 39. Comferie Consolida maior COmferie is hote and drie in the seconde degree it groweth in watrie and moorishe places the roote is to be gathered in AutuÌ„ne The rootes being braied and druncke they are good for them that spitte bloud and for them that be bursten It pourgeth attyre and corruption gathered in the breaste and lunges it glutinateth and ioyneth together freshe woundes if they be anointed therewith The decoction thereof in wyne is good for the blodie flire and for the redde fluxe of women It is good for broken bones 40. Motherworte Artemisia MOtherworte is hote in the seconde degree drie in the first It doeth heate and extenuate it is good to make incessions in the decoction thereof to prouoke secretes It is also good againste the stone and suppression of vrine And finally this herbe doeth chiefly help womennes diseases 41. Sperage Asparagus SPerage hath an abstersiue and scouring vertue without any manifest heate or colde This herbe nourisheth moste of all other herbes also it doth prouoke vrine openeth the obstructioÌ„s of the liuer and the raynes specially the rootes and seedes of it 42. Smalache Apium SMalache is hote in the second degrée and drie in the thirde This herbe dooeth prouoke vrine and secretes dissolueth wynde specially the seede thereof It is hurtfull for them that haue the fallinge sicknes it openeth obstructions scoureth the raines and the bladder It is good to make insessions of it for them to sit in that haue the stone 43. Orache Atriplex ORache is colde in the first degrée and moist in the seconde it loueth to be coÌ„tinually watered it maketh the belly soluble for the slipperines that is in it it is harde of digestion and hurtefull to the stomake The séede of it is abstersiue therfore it is good for the Iaundice that is engendred of obstruction of the liuer 44. Sothernwood Abrotonum SOthernwoode is hoote drie in the thirde degree The seede of it being dronke in water is good for them y â— can not breath but wheÌ„ they hold their necke outright and for ruptures crampes the sciatica difficultie of pissing and stopping of the monstruis Also this herbe killeth wormes of the body being receiued inwardly or applied outwardly 45. Garlike Allium GArlike is exceading hoote and drie it hath the same facultie to heate that pepper hath I doeth prouoke vrine and helpeth digestion It profiteth against the shaking of feuers being either dronken or outwardly anointed before the fit It is good against the plague and biting of venemous beastes It is good against olde coughes and diseases of the breste it prouoketh appetite 46. Onions Cepa ONions are very hote and drie They engender wynde they doe extenuate make thinne the grosse and thick humours of the body and doe cut asonder the claÌ„my humours They engender thirste they prouoke appetite but ouermuche of theim causeth headache the iuyce of them poured into the nosethrâ—es pourgeth the head 47. Léekes Porrum LEekes do heate and extenuate as Onions doe they are hote drie in the seconde degrée Thei engender wyndines and make euill iuyce They prouoke vrine they â—ill the sight if they be eaten often they cause greuous dreames and hurte the stomake They cause headache and thei hurte the raines and the bladder thei ar good against the hemerhoides thei extenuate grosse humours in the bodie 48. Maioram Maiorana MAioram it is hoote and drie in the third degrée it loueth shadowy places water dunge it hath vertue to heate The decoction of it being dronke profiteth against the dropsie being new begonne and against difficultie of pâ—ssing gripinges in the guttes There may be 〈◊〉 made thereof whiche is good to heate and mollifie the senues 49. Great Mallowes Bismalua MAllowes their leaues flowers are hote and drie in the first degree but their rootes in the beginning of the seconde they haue vertue to losen mitigate digeste and dissolue any harde swelling They are good to make the belly soluble and for soluble cliâ—ers They are good against inflamations and doe rypen dissolue discusse and breake swellinges and apostumations The séede is good against the stoone of the raynes difficultie of vrine The decoction of the roote is good againste the bloudie flixe and spitting of bloud 50. Oill Anettrum OIll is hote in the thirde degre and drie in the secoÌ„d It easeth inflation and windinesse and prouoketh vrin if it be sodden in Oile it ceaseth paine and prouoketh sleepe Also it digesteth crude and rawe humours and dissolueth them The oile of Dyll is of like vertue 51. Flowre de Luce. Iris. FLowre de Luce is hoote in the seconde degree and drie in the third The rootes thereof haue vertue to heate and extenuate and to scoure and ripen they are good for the cough they extenuate humours that are not easy to be spitted out And are good against shortenes of breathe They helpe gripinges and purge foule vlcers 52. Laurell Laurus LAurell is hoote and drie in the thirde degree the bertes thereof are good for windines and collicke and for stitches for any paine that happen to the guttes or sides through colde or wyndines being either applied outwardly or taken inwardly The leaues also are of the thesame vertue 53. Liuerworte Epatica LIuer worte is colde and drie and abstersine