Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	call_v	earth_n	sea_n	3,957	5	6.9260	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A85921	The first lecture touching navigation read publiquely at Sr. Balthazar Gerbiers accademy. Imprimatur, Hen: Scobell, Cleric: Parliamenti.	Gerbier, Balthazar, Sir, 1592?-1667.	1649 (1649)	Wing G560; Thomason E584_4; ESTC R206225	10,353	24

transitory things We shall begin with the Sea and say first what it is and why it is called Ocean The Sea is all the vast extent of water which environs the earth The waters were created by God In principio creavit Deus coelum Terram Spiritus Domini ferebatur super aquas In the beginning God created the Heavens and the Earth and the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters This is confirmed by the writs of Moses in his generation or off-spring of this world The Water doth engender and maintaine it self in the Sea the Rivers come from it and return unto it The Aegyptians have supposed foure Elements of each one whereof they made two the one Male and the other Female they beleeve that the Aire which engenders the wind is the Male and that which is loaden with clouds and which doth not stirre to be the Female they call the Water male and all other Waters female they say that the fire the flame whereof burnes is male and that which shineth without doing harme is the female They doe beleeve that the hardest Earth as the Stones and Rocks are males and give the name of female to that which is manuable The Sea is called Ocean by reason of its quick and continuall motion for Oris in Greek is to hasten or else it 's called Ocean quasi Cianeus for it embraces the Rivers of the earth The Sea receives severall names from the diversity of places by the which it passeth as the Sea of China India Persia c. The Sea properly hath no colour for our sight doth not remaine on the superficies of the water but descends lower and at a great distance its colour is like that of Heaven but being disturbed by the Winds it is susceptible of divers colours It 's to be noted that the Sea riseth increasing seven dayes which is called quick water and seven other dayes it retires decreasing which is called dead water Aristotle treats of the causes of the increasing and decreasing in the second of the Meteors as also Hippocrates in the Booke of the Aire and Waters where he sayes that there is a proper cause of Astrologie viz. by the naturall vertue which the Moone hath on the Waters therefore we see all that 's in the Sea increaseth and decreaseth as the Moone doth for as the Moone happens to rise on the Horizon and that she toucheth the Sea with her beames so doth she raise a surging on the Sea which causeth its increase and decrease the which shall be more largely discus'd in its proper time and place How the Sea belongs to the Perfection of the world that it would have perished without the same and how the waters are ingendered by the Sea THe World could not have been perfect without the Sea for that if there were no beginning of waters there would bee no simple water and if there were no simple water there would be no mixt water and so there could not be any thing of that which is ingendered by water And if there were no water found nothing consisting of a body could bee continued or conglutinated If there were no beginning of Waters generation would be destroyed and consequently all the World Neither without the beginning of Waters could all the assemblings of contraries be performed though they are possible Thus nature would be deficient in those things which are unavoidably necessary and conducing to the same And its property and vertue failing the waters would be hindered in their action by which it would happen there being no beginning of waters that the workmanship of nature would perish and consequently the whole World Aristotle in the second of the Meteors sayes that the Waters of the Seas ingender in the North He would say that the greatest part of the waters of the Sea are ingendred in the North. As Albert the great declares in the second of the Meteors the sixth Chapter where he sayes that the Sea runs from the North to the South and the cause is that the Sea is higher in the North then towards the South and the reason why it is higher is because that the cold of the North ingenders more water than the Sea can contain in the space distance and height of its coast there The water which is in the South is consumed and diminished by the heat of the Sun therefore one part of the South water drives the other back towards the lowermost side yet neverthelesse either moveth accidentally from the place of their generation because that which is moist runs to be retained in the dry part The reason why the water consumes it selfe so much in the South is because the Sunne turnes alwayes in his excentrique circle and that its center is not the same with that of the Earth so that if the Diameter of the circle of the sun were passed between two Diameters its center and that of the Earth the greatest part of the Diameter would be at one side and the lesser at the other in consideration of the Center of the Earth And thus it is Geometrically demonstrated that the greatest length of the Diameter is neare the twentieth degree of Gemini and that the least length of it is at the twentieth degree of Sagitarius its opposite signe It appeares then that the Sunne approaches nearer unto the Earth in the Southerne parts then in the Northerne and thus by its approaching the South heats it so violently that it consumes the water and scorches the Earth which it doth not at the North. Wherefore the Water of the Sea is brinish and salt and that such Water is best for Navigation THe matter which causes the Sea to be brinish and salt is because that there are two sorts of vapours in the Sea viz. Hot and Moist and Hot and Dry The one whereof evaporates it selfe from the superficies of the Sea and the other raiseth it selfe from its bottome by force of the Sunne and Stars which are the efficient causes of its vapours and because that the vapour of the water is very subtle between these two therefore it elevates it self in the Aire and is consumed by the Sun and there remaineth nothing else but the exhalations of the Earth the which are dissipated extended and mingled among the water as appeares by the example of those who eate for the digested meat spreads and divides it selfe through the members and all the grosse and undigested substance remains In the like manner also the vapour of the Earth having extended it selfe remaines mixt with the substance of the Sea water and the coldnesse of the Water drives in so coldly as it consumes it selfe by its owne coldnesse because of its mingling by Antyperistasis which is to say that two contrary things joyned together become stronger then before for the heat of the exhalation which issues from the bottom of the Sea fortifies it self by the vertue of the Sun with its contrary to wit the coldnesse and

thus the Heat happens to overcome which is the necessary operation towards the begetting of the saltish water It is also more convenient for Navigation that the water be saltish then fresh for the saltish water is heavier then the fresh That it is so is proved by many experiences as for example this one Take Fresh water and mingle it with a good quantity of salt so that the Salt may melt and be dissolved into water then take a Fresh eg and put it on the mixt water the thicknes of the water which proceeds from the mixture of the Salt wil bearup the egg by its thicknes wil cause it to swim over it the which in fresh water would descend to the bottom By this same experience it may likewise be demonstrated that a vessel will sinck sooner in Fresh water then in Salt water for the fresh water divides it selfe both sooner and closes with greater ease then the salt water doth So as by the driving of the egg on the salt water the argument may be likewise strengthened That the saltishnesse in the Sea water is not divided but that the whole Sea throughout its water is as well salt at the bottome and in the middest as on the superficies And therefore the opinion of some Philosophers that the sea water should be fresh at the bottome is frivolous being that the Sea-Fish is no more salt then those of fresh water Rivers And that the reason thereof should be that the fish make their litter and feed in the bottome which being but a slight argument it will be necessary to say only this thereon That though the body of the Sea moves in an entire masse by its ebbing and flowing yet since its a liquid body it cannot chuse being so much agitated by the winds but be generally salt And the which cannot be contradicted by so weak a conceit as that the sea-fish are not salt because they feed at the bottome of it God hath given unto the Elements their due propriety as wel as unto all the creatures and likewise to all the productions both of the earth and sea And there is no more contradiction of a possibility in Fish that live in salt water to have a fresh taste then that the moysture which proceeds from the Muscadine Spanish grape should be drawne from the same soyl whereon the bitter Almond Olive and the balmish Nuts oyle doth grow whose severall productions are according to that property which God hath been pleased to bestow on them The Earth it selfe is salt which the Scripture notes for if the earth loseth its Salt wherewith shall it be seasoned and yet the same earth produceth Sugar though a Salt to preserve Fruits and contrary to the Salt of the Sea c. And likewise severall other things out of which though Salt might be drawn yet they have not the faltish taste c. Of the different Motions which are in the Ocean GReat part of the Waters are ingendered in the North and runs from the North towards the South as aforesaid which is one of the Seas motions When the Tide increaseth we see the sea mounts at one side and when it decreaseth its motion is quite contrary and it begins first to decrease where it had the first increase and thus it appears that the sea hath contrary motions and different the one from the other Seneca sayes that there is no other cause of the current of Waters from one place to another then the height and lownesse of places that only motion excepted by the which the Sea increaseth and decreaseth for as aforesaid it followes the course of the Moone for the waters of the Sea increase and decrease in all the parts of the World that is to say in the East West North and South therefore the Sea hath no proper place from whence it begins its increasing or decreasing but moveth accidentally from one part to the other unlesse it be downwards towards the bottome for that such a motion doth not happen accidentally but by the proper essence agreeing to its forme How it chanceth that the Sea doth neither over-flow augment nor inlarge it selfe THe cause why the Sea doth not over-flow augment nor inlarge it selfe though so much water is engendered in it and that it doth continually receive so many Rivers and Fountaines into it is that the Sea is the naturall receptacle of all the Waters and their proper retiring and resting place and therefore it doth not overflow nor inlarge it selfe for that no place can drive back nor hinder the entrance of that thing which by nature ought to be in her since naturally the place ought to conforme it selfe unto that which it incloseth like as the Sea which being capable to receive into her all the Rivers and neverthelesse for their entrance doth not over-flow nor augment Also the Sea doth not overflow because it is of such a vast extent that the Rivers are as nothing in consideration to it The third reason is because that the heat of the Sun and the breath of the Wind consumes such a quantity of Water that though the Sea continually engenders and that the Rivers incessantly run into it yea God hath ordained that it should not lessen nor augment as it is written in Job Lord thou hast set a limit the which it shall not passe The holy Writ sayes in Genesis that the water of the Deluge did rise fifteene Cubits over the highest Hils under the Heavens insomuch that all the Earth was covered with water But though this increasing of water was so great yet neverthelesse the Sea did not over-flow the Earth by transgressing its limits or bounds The increasing of those Waters proceeded from two causes the one was that the windowes of Heaven were opened as the Text sayes and it rained on the earth forty dayes and forty nights exceedingly the other was that the Fountaines Rivers and Currents did over-flow insomuch that the earth was by them covered as aforesaid and every living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of the ground except Noah who only remained alive and they that were with him in the Arke and afterwards the same Text sayes that God caused a wind to passe over the earth which abated the waters the raine from Heaven was also restrained and the earth returned to its first being Of the antiquity of Navigation GOd the Creator of the universall World did ordaine the making of the first Vessel as it is written in the sixth Chapter of Genesis that God commanded Noah to make an Arke of Gopher wood and to pitch it within and without with pitch the length of the Arke was of three hundred cubits the breadth of it fifty cubits and the height of it thirty cubits The Lydians were the first inventers of Ships but their skill only extended it selfe to joyne one beame to another well nailed and well caulked with which they ventured to Sea afterwards Epaminondas did set forth Vessels in a greater