those_o under_o the_o seven_o which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o moon_n pass_v through_o germany_n the_o low_a country_n and_o england_n which_o say_v planet_n have_v their_o operation_n or_o influence_n on_o the_o inhabitant_n dwell_v under_o each_o of_o the_o say_a clime_n so_o that_o although_o the_o glorious_a and_o eternal_a luminary_n of_o heaven_n have_v a_o efficacious_a operation_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v a_o far_o great_a prevalency_n see_v that_o through_o the_o various_a situation_n of_o hill_n and_o valley_n we_o experimental_o find_v more_o great_a and_o different_a effect_n of_o the_o celestial_a ray_n which_o be_v also_o contemporate_v by_o the_o river_n and_o lake_n this_o can_v be_v deny_v by_o no_o man_n that_o nature_n be_v admirable_a in_o her_o work_n sometime_o as_o it_o be_v on_o set_v purpose_n delude_v the_o curiosity_n of_o humane_a wisdom_n by_o recede_v from_o the_o ordinary_a law_n of_o cause_n who_o can_v render_v a_o sufficient_a reason_n of_o that_o which_o be_v testify_v by_o mariner_n concern_v the_o region_n of_o maliapur_n in_o which_o be_v seat_v calicut_n a_o exceed_o high_a mountain_n top_v the_o cloud_n divide_v this_o province_n throughout_o and_o end_v in_o a_o promontory_n which_o be_v now_o call_v comorium_n which_o although_o it_o have_v the_o same_o altitude_n of_o the_o pole_n yet_o when_o the_o winter_n rage_v and_o the_o water_n swell_v on_o the_o one_o side_n on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o field_n and_o town_n be_v scorch_a with_o excessive_a heat_n and_o the_o sea_n calm_a wherefore_o this_o diversity_n which_o be_v discover_v in_o the_o climate_n the_o situation_n of_o province_n contemporation_n of_o the_o air_n and_o element_n do_v various_o discriminate_a the_o constitution_n of_o man_n and_o those_o constitution_n their_o nature_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o mind_n follow_v the_o temperament_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o body_n the_o septentrional_a or_o northern_a people_n be_v remote_a from_o the_o sun_n and_o by_o consequence_n inhabit_v in_o cold_a country_n be_v sanguine_a robu_v full_a of_o valour_n and_o animosity_n hence_o they_o have_v always_o be_v victorious_a and_o predominant_a over_o the_o meridional_a or_o southern_a nation_n as_o the_o assyrian_n over_o the_o chaldean_n the_o mede_n over_o the_o assyrian_n the_o parthian_n over_o the_o grecian_n the_o turk_n over_o the_o arabian_n the_o goths_z over_o the_o german_n the_o romans_z over_o the_o african_n and_o the_o english_a over_o the_o french_z they_o love_v freedom_n and_o liberty_n as_o those_o also_o do_v which_o be_v mountaineer_n as_o the_o helvetian_o grison_n and_o cantabrians_n the_o nation_n proximate_v to_o the_o sun_n have_v their_o blood_n whole_o exsiccate_v by_o immoderate_a heat_n hence_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o place_n be_v melancholy_a and_o profound_a in_o the_o penetrate_a of_o the_o secret_n of_o nature_n for_o all_o the_o northern_a nation_n receive_v the_o mystery_n of_o the_o science_n from_o the_o egyptian_n and_o arabian_n the_o province_n which_o be_v immediate_o between_o both_o torrid_a zone_n enjoy_v a_o a_o benign_a heaven_n so_o that_o they_o flourish_n in_o religion_n justice_n and_o prudence_n the_o mutation_n of_o government_n the_o transmigration_n and_o emission_n of_o colony_n converse_n matrimony_n war_n and_o peace_n also_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o celestial_a sphere_n which_o drive_v from_o the_o pole_n and_o the_o zodiac_n of_o the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n the_o heavenly_a image_n on_o these_o inferior_a body_n do_v change_n and_o alter_v the_o habit_n manner_n and_o also_o nature_n itself_o if_o we_o have_v recourse_n unto_o history_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o german_n note_v of_o old_a for_o lofty_a mind_n and_o the_o italian_n on_o the_o contrary_a too_o abject_a and_o low_a which_o difference_n now_o can_v be_v discern_v nation_n have_v sway_v and_o be_v predominate_a by_o turn_n and_o as_o long_o as_o the_o monarchy_n have_v have_v duration_n among_o they_o virtue_n have_v flourish_v art_n and_o arm_n have_v go_v hand_n in_o hand_n which_o afterward_o with_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v be_v smother_v in_o its_o ash_n and_o receive_v vivification_n in_o another_o place_n yet_o notwithstanding_o these_o obstacle_n every_o nation_n have_v certain_a propension_n and_o fix_a affection_n appropriate_v to_o every_o one_o which_o will_v adhere_v to_o foreigner_n if_o that_o they_o long_o remain_v among_o they_o the_o intelligent_a reader_n who_o desire_v a_o knowledge_n in_o these_o and_o other_o particular_n with_o a_o throughout_o prospect_n of_o the_o utility_n of_o cosmography_n and_o geography_n may_v consult_v the_o work_n itself_o richard_z blome_n the_o content_n of_o the_o section_n and_o chapter_n general_z geography_n which_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o iii_o part_n 1._o the_o absolute_a part_n divide_v into_o five_o section_n the_o first_o section_n of_o thing_n to_o be_v foreknow_v chap._n 1._o of_o the_o precognita_n pag._n 1_o ch._n 2._o thing_n necessary_a to_o geometry_n and_o trigonometry_n p._n 6_o the_o second_o section_n explain_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n chap._n 3._o of_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n p._n 11_o chap._n 4._o of_o the_o dimension_n and_o magnitude_n of_o the_o same_o 15_o chap._n 5._o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o same_o p._n 23_o chap._n 6._o of_o its_o place_n in_o the_o system_fw-la of_o the_o world_n p._n 27_o chap._n 7._o of_o its_o substance_n and_o constitution_n p._n 30_o the_o three_o section_n in_o which_o the_o constitution_n and_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v explain_v chap._n 8._o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o water_n p._n 35_o chap._n 9_o of_o mountain_n in_o general_a p._n 40_o chap._n 10._o of_o the_o difference_n of_o mountain_n p._n 46_o chap._n 11._o of_o wood_n desert_n and_o mine_n p._n 54_o the_o four_o section_n of_o hydrography_n in_o which_o the_o water_n and_o their_o property_n be_v explain_v chap._n 12._o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o ocean_n throughout_o the_o earth_n p._n 57_o chap._n 13._o of_o the_o ocean_n and_o its_o part_n p._n 65_o chap._n 14._o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n especial_o of_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n p._n 83_o chap._n 15._o of_o lake_n pool_n and_o marsh_n p._n 102_o chap._n 16._o of_o river_n p._n 108_o chap._n 17._o of_o mineral_n water_n bath_n spaw_n etc._n etc._n p._n 130_o chap._n 18._o of_o the_o mutation_n of_o dry_a place_n into_o watery_a and_o the_o contrary_a p._n 142_o the_o five_o section_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o wind_n chap._n 19_o of_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o air_n p._n 154_o chap._n 20._o of_o the_o wind_n in_o general_a p._n 179_o chap._n 21._o of_o the_o difference_n of_o wind_n and_o of_o they_o in_o particular_a p._n 187_o 2._o the_o respective_a part_n explain_v the_o celestial_a affection_n chap._n 22._o of_o the_o celestial_a affection_n in_o general_a p._n 2â—3_n ch._n 23._o of_o the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n and_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n p._n 207_o chap._n 24._o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o zone_n p._n 213_o chap._n 25._o of_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o day_n and_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o climate_n p._n 220_o chap._n 26._o of_o the_o light_n heatt_z cold_a rains_n with_o other_o property_n of_o the_o zone_n according_a to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n p._n 231_o chap._n 27._o of_o shadow_n and_o the_o division_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o shadow_n p._n 259_o chap._n 28._o of_o the_o comparation_n of_o the_o celestial_a affection_n in_o divers_a place_n where_o be_v treat_v concern_v the_o antoeci_n perioeci_n and_o antipode_n p._n 269_o chap._n 29._o of_o the_o diversity_n of_o time_n in_o divers_a place_n p._n 275_o chap._n 30._o of_o the_o divers_a rise_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n and_o of_o the_o other_o appearance_n p._n 280_o 3._o the_o comparative_a part_n consider_v the_o affection_n which_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o compare_v of_o one_o place_n to_o another_o chap._n 31._o of_o the_o longitude_n of_o place_n p._n 291_o chap._n 32._o of_o the_o situation_n of_o place_n one_o to_o another_o p._n 309_o chap._n 33._o of_o the_o mutual_a distance_n of_o place_n p._n 335_o chap._n 34._o of_o the_o visible_a horizon_n p._n 342_o chap._n 35._o of_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n in_o general_n and_o of_o the_o building_n of_o ship_n p._n 344_o chap._n 36._o of_o the_o lade_n or_o ballace_v of_o ship_n p._n 345_o chap._n 37._o of_o the_o directory_n of_o the_o nautick_a art_n in_o the_o first_o part_n the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o distance_n p._n 347_o chap._n 38._o thâ—â—â—â—ond_a part_n the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o quarter_n p._n 348_o chap._n 39_o the_o three_o part_n of_o histiodromia_n or_o the_o course_n of_o a_o ship_n p._n 353_o chap._n 40._o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o
place_n of_o a_o ship_n in_o a_o voyage_n p._n 361_o lib._n 1._o c._n 2._o a_o half_a english_a foot_n a_o half_a dutch_a and_o also_o a_o old_a roman_a half_a foot_n a_o half_a foot_n of_o paris_n in_o french_a and_o also_o a_o half_a greek_a foot_n a_o half_a foot_n of_o antwerp_n in_o handers_n a_o half_a egyptian_a foot_n from_o alexandria_n a_o half_a babylonian_a foot_n mention_v by_o historian_n a_o half_a foot_n of_o venice_n a_o half_a foot_n of_o toledo_n in_o spain_n a_o half_a foot_n of_o vienna_n in_o austria_n the_o proportion_n of_o diverse_a mile_n according_a to_o their_o compaired_a length_n lib._n 1._o c._n 2._o a_o indian_a mile_n a_o russian_a mile_n a_o mile_n of_o cambaja_n a_o english_a mile_n a_o french_a mile_n and_o almost_o a_o old_a arabian_a league_n a_o holland_n mile_n a_o spanish_a league_n a_o german_a mile_n a_o swedish_n mile_n the_o absolute_a or_o complete_a part_n of_o general_n geography_n book_n i._o sect_n i._o chap._n i._o concern_v the_o precognita_n or_o thing_n know_v before_o the_o handle_n of_o the_o art_n itself_o as_o the_o definition_n division_n object_n property_n principle_n order_n method_n original_a excellency_n and_o other_o affection_n of_o geography_n to_o be_v speak_v of_o by_o way_n of_o preface_n necessary_a a_o preface_n to_o a_o art_n very_o necessary_a the_o custom_n or_o fashion_n have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n prevail_v that_o they_o who_o complete_o treat_v of_o and_o handle_v any_o art_n or_o science_n do_v in_o the_o first_o place_n declare_v some_o thing_n touch_v the_o condition_n method_n constitution_n and_o other_o property_n of_o their_o doctrine_n neither_o do_v i_o think_v that_o this_o be_v do_v by_o they_o without_o reason_n so_o that_o it_o be_v perform_v without_o any_o sophistical_a encroachment_n see_v that_o by_o such_o like_a forehad_a instruction_n the_o reader_n understanding_n may_v beforehand_o conceive_v a_o certain_a idea_n or_o platform_n of_o the_o whole_a art_n or_o science_n to_o be_v afterward_o handle_v or_o at_o least_o may_v understand_v the_o argument_n or_o content_n thereof_o and_o withal_o may_v gather_v thereby_o how_o he_o ought_v to_o order_v himself_o in_o the_o study_v the_o same_o i_o therefore_o shall_v in_o this_o chapter_n deliver_v some_o few_o passage_n concern_v the_o same_o the_o definition_n of_o geography_n geography_n be_v call_v a_o mix_v mathematical_a science_n which_o teach_v the_o affection_n or_o quality_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o part_n thereof_o depend_v of_o quantity_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o figure_n place_n magnitude_n and_o other_o like_a property_n geography_n by_o some_o but_o too_o strict_o be_v take_v for_o the_o only_a description_n and_o place_v the_o country_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a by_o other_o it_o be_v extend_v but_o too_o large_o to_o the_o political_a description_n of_o every_o country_n but_o these_o man_n be_v easy_o excuse_v see_v they_o do_v it_o to_o retain_v and_o stir_v up_o the_o reader_n affection_n who_o otherwise_o by_o a_o bare_a account_n and_o naked_a description_n of_o those_o country_n will_v be_v make_v drowsy_a and_o heedless_a the_o division_n of_o geography_n we_o will_v divide_v geography_n into_o general_n and_o special_a or_o universal_a and_o particular_a general_n or_o universal_a geography_n be_v that_o which_o do_v general_o consider_v the_o earth_n and_o declare_v its_o property_n without_o any_o respect_n of_o particular_a country_n special_a or_o particular_a geography_n be_v that_o which_o teach_v the_o constitution_n and_o place_n of_o all_o single_a country_n or_o every_o country_n by_o itself_o and_o this_o particular_a geography_n be_v twofold_a part_n particular_a geography_n twofold_a chorographical_a and_o topographical_n general_n geography_n and_o its_o part_n to_o wit_n chorography_n and_o topography_n chorography_n propose_v the_o description_n of_o any_o country_n have_v at_o least_o a_o mean_a magnitude_n topography_n describe_v any_o little_a tract_n of_o land_n or_o place_n in_o this_o book_n we_o will_v present_v you_o with_o a_o general_n geography_n which_o we_o have_v distribute_v into_o three_o part_n to_o wit_n the_o absolute_a part_n the_o respective_a part_n and_o the_o comparative_a part_n in_o the_o absolute_a part_n we_o will_v consider_v the_o very_a body_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o its_o part_n and_o proper_a affection_n and_o quality_n as_o figure_n magnitude_n motion_n land_n sea_n river_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o respective_a part_n we_o will_v contemplate_v those_o property_n and_o accident_n which_o from_o celestial_a cause_n happen_v to_o the_o earth_n and_o last_o the_o comparative_a part_n shall_v contain_v a_o explication_n of_o those_o property_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o compare_v of_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o object_n of_o geography_n the_o object_n of_o geography_n or_o subject_a about_o which_o it_o be_v employ_v be_v the_o earth_n but_o principal_o its_o superficies_n and_o part_n the_o property_n of_o geography_n those_o thing_n which_o deserve_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o every_o country_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o triple_a kind_n to_o wit_n celestial_a terrestrial_a and_o human_a and_o therefore_o may_v be_v declare_v in_o the_o particular_a geography_n for_o every_o country_n with_o the_o profit_n of_o learner_n and_o reader_n geography_n the_o celestial_a property_n of_o geography_n i_o call_v those_o celestial_a property_n which_o depend_v on_o the_o apparent_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n star_n and_o other_o planet_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v eight_o 1._o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o from_o the_o pole_n 2._o the_o obliquity_n or_o wriness_n of_o the_o daily_a motion_n of_o the_o star_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o that_o place_n 3._o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o long_a and_o short_a day_n 4._o the_o climate_n and_o zone_n 5._o heatt_z and_o cold_a and_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n also_o rain_n snow_n wind_n and_o other_o meteor_n for_o although_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v refer_v to_o terrestrial_a property_n yet_o because_o they_o have_v a_o great_a affinity_n with_o the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o year_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n therefore_o we_o have_v marshal_v they_o in_o the_o order_n and_o rank_n of_o celestial_n 6._o the_o rise_n of_o the_o star_n their_o appearance_n and_o continuance_n above_o the_o horizon_n 7._o the_o star_n pass_v through_o the_o vertical_a point_n of_o the_o place_n 8._o the_o quantity_n or_o swiftness_n of_o the_o motion_n wherewith_o according_a to_o copernicus_n his_o hypothesis_n each_o one_o be_v very_a hour_n wheel_v about_o according_a to_o astrologer_n a_o nine_o property_n may_v be_v add_v because_o they_o do_v appoint_v one_o of_o the_o twelve_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o the_o peculiar_a planet_n of_o that_o sign_n to_o rule_v and_o govern_v every_o country_n but_o this_o doctrine_n have_v ever_o seem_v to_o i_o frivolous_a neither_o can_v i_o perceive_v any_o ground_n for_o it_o nevertheless_o at_o the_o end_n of_o our_o special_a or_o particular_a geography_n we_o will_v reckon_v up_o this_o their_o distribution_n these_o may_v suffice_v for_o the_o celestial_a affection_n or_o property_n i_o call_v those_o terrestrial_a property_n which_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o place_n of_o every_o country_n itself_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v note_v ten._n 1._o the_o bound_n and_o circumference_n of_o the_o country_n 2_o it_o be_v figure_n 3_o it_o be_v magnitude_n 4_o its_o mountain_n 5_o its_o water_n as_o river_n spring_n bay_n of_o the_o sea_n 6_o the_o wood_n and_o desert_n 7_o the_o fruitfulness_n and_o barrenness_n as_o also_o the_o kind_n of_o fruit_n 8_o the_o mineral_n or_o thing_n dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n 9_o the_o live_a creature_n 10_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o place_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v add_v to_o the_o first_o terrestrial_a property_n to_o wit_v the_o circumference_n geography_n the_o humane_a property_n of_o geography_n i_o make_v the_o three_o kind_n of_o property_n which_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o every_o country_n to_o be_v humane_a which_o do_v depend_v of_o the_o man_n or_o native_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n of_o which_o humane_a property_n about_o ten_o also_o may_v be_v make_v 1._o the_o stature_n of_o the_o native_n as_o to_o their_o shape_n colour_n length_n of_o life_n original_a meat_n drink_v &_o c._n 2_o their_o traffic_v and_o art_n in_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v employ_v 3_o their_o virtue_n vice_n learning_n wit_n &_o c._n 4_o their_o custom_n in_o marriage_n christen_n burial_n &_o c._n 5_o their_o speech_n and_o language_n 6_o their_o state-government_n 7_o their_o religion_n and_o church-government_n 8_o their_o city_n and_o most_o renown_a place_n 9_o their_o memorable_a history_n and10_n their_o famous_a man_n artifices_fw-la and_o invention_n of_o the_o native_n of_o all_o country_n
these_o be_v most_o note_v which_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o four_o kind_n viâ—â—_n sandy_n ericose_v stony_n and_o marish_a or_o boggy_a desert_n those_o that_o be_v ericose_v have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n here_o and_o there_o in_o many_o place_n wood_n and_o forest_n be_v the_o more_o useful_a and_o easy_a to_o be_v cultivate_v 1._o all_o the_o desert_n of_o africa_n be_v almost_o sandy_a neither_o be_v any_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n more_o pester_v with_o desert_n the_o great_a be_v find_v in_o lybia_n they_o also_o encompass_v all_o egypt_n 2._o the_o desert_n of_o arabia_n be_v partly_o sandy_a and_o partly_o stony_a but_o the_o most_o famous_a be_v that_o sandy_a desert_n in_o arabia_n term_v vulgar_o the_o sandy_a sea_n 3._o the_o desert_n of_o tartary_n about_o the_o mountain_n imaus_n also_o the_o desert_n belgian_n about_o the_o mogul_n where_o hitherto_o it_o have_v be_v though_o false_o believe_v that_o the_o rich_a kingdom_n of_o cathaie_n be_v seat_v 4._o the_o desert_n of_o camboia_n 5._o the_o desert_n of_o nova_n zembla_n which_o be_v rocky_a 6._o the_o desert_n of_o norway_n lapland_n sweden_n and_o finmarch_n 7._o all_o the_o desert_n of_o germany_n be_v ericose_v they_o term_v they_o even_o heide_n whence_o they_o call_v the_o desert_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o luneburgh_n 8._o the_o desert_n of_o america_n and_o the_o like_a of_o absolute_a geography_n sect_n iv_o contain_v the_o hydrography_n or_o the_o description_n of_o the_o water_n explain_v in_o six_o chapter_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o ocean_n throughout_o the_o earth_n ocean_n the_o division_n of_o the_o ocean_n by_o reason_n that_o we_o have_v treat_v in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n order_n require_v that_o we_o contemplate_v the_o division_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o water_n which_o compose_v the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o also_o take_v a_o survey_n of_o their_o property_n which_o do_v appertain_v unto_o geography_n in_o chapter_n vii_o proposition_n ii_o we_o distribute_v the_o water_n into_o four_o sort_n which_o be_v 1._o the_o ocean_n 2._o river_n and_o fountain_n of_o fresh-water_n 3._o lake_n and_o marsh_n and_o 4._o mineral_n water_n in_o this_o chapter_n we_o shall_v treat_v of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o ocean_n proposition_n i._o the_o ocean_n in_o a_o continue_a tract_n encompass_v the_o whole_a earth_n and_o the_o terrestrial_a part_n neither_o be_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o same_o any_o where_o altogether_o interrupt_v by_o the_o land_n interpose_v but_o the_o more_o large_a continuity_n and_o free_a congress_n be_v only_o impede_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o proposition_n can_v only_o be_v prove_v by_o experience_n especial_o from_o the_o circumnavigation_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o have_v now_o for_o a_o long_a while_n be_v so_o often_o attempt_v and_o happy_o perform_v first_o by_o the_o spaniard_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o magellan_n who_o first_o find_v out_o the_o strait_n then_o by_o the_o english_a twice_o viz._n under_o drake_n and_o cavendish_n and_o last_o five_o time_n by_o the_o hollander_n world_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o ancient_n concern_v the_o old_a world_n the_o ancient_n nothing_o doubt_v of_o this_o continuity_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o account_v the_o old_a world_n only_o for_o the_o extant_a earth_n and_o think_v it_o on_o every_o side_n to_o be_v encompass_v by_o the_o ocean_n yea_o some_o suppose_v it_o to_o float_v but_o when_o that_o america_n be_v detect_v which_o be_v extend_v from_o north_n to_o south_n in_o a_o very_a long_a tract_n and_o impede_v the_o continuity_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o moreover_o the_o polary_a land_n north_n and_o south_n than_o not_o undeserved_o be_v it_o doubt_v concern_v it_o for_o many_o suppose_a and_o that_o not_o without_o probability_n that_o america_n and_o the_o south_n continent_n be_v conjoin_v as_o many_o geographer_n now_o think_v that_o the_o northern_a america_n be_v contiguous_a to_o greenland_n which_o two_o if_o both_o true_a the_o ocean_n can_v not_o encompass_v the_o whole_a earth_n but_o in_o truth_n magellan_n remove_v the_o doubt_n when_o in_o the_o year_n 1520_o he_o find_v out_o the_o strait_n between_o america_n and_o the_o south_n continent_n by_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n be_v join_v with_o the_o atlantic_a what_o therefore_o the_o ancient_n imagine_v from_o a_o false_a opinion_n that_o they_o know_v that_o we_o know_v from_o infallible_a experience_n the_o like_a happen_v with_o africa_n for_o then_o also_o the_o ancient_n without_o any_o hesitation_n place_v the_o ocean_n without_o or_o beyond_o it_o and_o think_v africa_n to_o be_v extend_v beyond_o the_o equator_fw-la in_o a_o far_o less_o space_n than_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v but_o when_o the_o portugal_n have_v sail_v the_o coast_n of_o africa_n and_o have_v find_v vast_a land_n in_o a_o long_a tract_n beyond_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o then_o also_o it_o be_v question_v whether_o africa_n can_v be_v sail_v about_o that_o they_o may_v sail_v into_o india_n that_o be_v whether_o it_o be_v encompass_v with_o the_o ocean_n this_o doubt_n be_v remove_v by_o vasques_n gamma_n under_o who_o conduct_n in_o anno_fw-la 1497._o africa_n be_v first_o sail_v about_o the_o promontory_n of_o good_a hope_n be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o ultimate_a bind_v of_o the_o same_o towards_o the_o south_n which_o appellation_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n in_o anno_fw-la 1494_o when_o that_o diaz_n which_o first_o relate_v concern_v although_o he_o pass_v it_o not_o victual_n fail_v he_o and_o the_o tempest_n force_v his_o return_n the_o storm_n and_o rage_a ocean_n of_o this_o promontory_n and_o speak_v much_o more_o to_o the_o king_n proposition_n ii_o the_o difference_n in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o earth_n be_v threefold_a or_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o kind_n which_o be_v 1._o the_o particular_a ocean_n or_o sea_n 2._o the_o bay_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o ocean_n and_o 3._o the_o strait_n kind_n the_o water_n in_o the_o ocean_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o kind_n the_o word_n ocean_n be_v take_v in_o a_o twofold_a acceptation_n sometime_o for_o the_o whole_a ocean_n or_o water_n which_o encompass_v the_o earth_n sometime_o and_o that_o frequent_o for_o any_o part_n of_o the_o large_a ocean_n which_o adher_v to_o another_o part_n by_o a_o large_a tract_n and_o that_o from_o on_o both_o side_n so_o we_o say_v the_o atlantic_a ocean_n the_o german_a the_o ethiopic_a the_o indian_a and_o the_o chinesan_a ocean_n in_o this_o latter_a signification_n by_o use_n of_o speech_n we_o sometime_o use_v the_o word_n although_o we_o sometime_o call_v a_o part_n of_o the_o entire_a ocean_n the_o sea_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o homonymie_n of_o the_o word_n mare_n or_o sea_n which_o shall_v be_v explain_v by_o and_o by_o the_o word_n ocean_n be_v usual_o use_v in_o that_o sense_n bay_n a_o bay_n a_o sinus_n or_o bay_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o water_n which_o run_v between_o two_o land_n from_o the_o sea_n or_o some_o other_o bay_n until_o it_o stop_v at_o some_o land_n it_o be_v also_o common_o term_v a_o sea_n streight_n a_o streight_n a_o fretum_n or_o streight_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n or_o part_n of_o a_o bay_n of_o the_o ocean_n or_o sea_n run_v between_o two_o land_n in_o a_o narrow_a tract_n and_o conjoin_v of_o two_o sea_n or_o conjoin_v with_o the_o sea_n from_o both_o extremity_n by_o which_o they_o sail_v from_o one_o sea_n into_o another_o proposition_n iii_o we_o reckon_v four_o principal_a ocean_n ocean_n four_o principal_a ocean_n or_o great_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a ocean_n or_o sea_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o four_o continent_n or_o quarter_n of_o the_o earth_n ocean_n atlantic_a ocean_n 1._o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n which_o be_v situate_v between_o the_o occidental_a coast_n of_o the_o old_a world_n and_o the_o oriental_a of_o the_o new_a it_o be_v vulgar_o term_v mare_n deal_v nor_o or_o the_o north_n sea_n but_o improper_o see_v that_o it_o extend_v itself_o beyond_o the_o equator_fw-la towards_o the_o south_n it_o be_v more_o apt_o divide_v into_o two_o part_n one_o from_o the_o equator_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n the_o other_o stretch_v towards_o the_o south_n it_o have_v therefore_o on_o the_o eastern_a quarter_n the_o occidental_a coast_n of_o the_o old_a world_n and_o on_o the_o western_a the_o oriental_a coast_n of_o america_n towards_o the_o north_n it_o conjoyn_v with_o the_o hyperboreal_a or_o northern_a ocean_n and_o towards_o the_o south_n with_o the_o southern_a ocean_n ocean_n pacifick_n ocean_n hyperboreal_a ocean_n
by_o reason_n that_o the_o sea_n water_n contain_v a_o fix_a salt_n which_o be_v a_o far_o more_o weighty_a body_n than_o fresh_a water_n and_o we_o have_v show_v that_o in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v a_o divers_a quantity_n of_o salt_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o follow_v that_o water_n be_v more_o heavy_a by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v the_o more_o salt_n which_o do_v not_o augment_v the_o gravity_n but_o lessen_v it_o and_o yet_o render_v the_o water_n very_a salt_n proposition_n xiii_o salt_n water_n do_v not_o so_o easy_o freeze_v as_o fresh_a or_o a_o great_a dègree_n of_o cold_a be_v require_v to_o the_o congelation_n of_o sea_n water_n than_o of_o fresh_a fresh_a salt_n water_n do_v not_o so_o soon_o freeze_v as_o fresh_a experience_v sufficient_o show_v this_o against_o the_o aristotelian_o who_o defend_v that_o water_n be_v so_o much_o the_o lesser_a obnoxious_a to_o congelation_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v the_o more_o pure_a and_o therefore_o shall_v more_o easy_o congeal_v as_o recede_v more_o from_o the_o elementary_a water_n which_o be_v false_a now_o the_o cause_n be_v that_o in_o the_o salt_n itself_o their_o be_v a_o certain_a spirit_n which_o resist_v congelation_n and_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o salt_n admit_v of_o no_o congelation_n from_o the_o hard_a frost_n as_o those_o that_o be_v skilful_a in_o chemistry_n know_v for_o the_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v a_o medicament_n sufficient_o know_v and_o of_o frequent_a use_n proposition_n fourteen_o why_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o big_a see_v that_o it_o receive_v so_o many_o river_n the_o cause_n be_v 1._o that_o the_o water_n return_v to_o the_o sea_n through_o subterraneous_a passage_n unto_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o river_n as_o shall_v be_v explicate_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n 2._o because_o that_o many_o vapour_n be_v elevate_v from_o the_o ocean_n whereof_o many_o be_v resolve_v into_o rain_n fall_v into_o the_o ocean_n and_o part_n on_o the_o land_n proposition_n xv._o certain_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n differ_v in_o colour_n colour_n the_o water_n in_o the_o ocean_n in_o all_o place_n not_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o colour_n experience_n testify_v that_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n the_o sea_n seem_v of_o a_o more_o black_a colour_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n of_o a_o duskish_a colour_n in_o other_o place_n of_o a_o blue_a about_o certain_a shore_n of_o new_a guinee_n the_o ocean_n be_v find_v of_o a_o white_a colour_n in_o some_o other_o place_n of_o a_o yellow_a in_o streights_n the_o water_n appear_v to_o incline_v to_o white_a at_o the_o shore_n of_o congi_n not_o far_o from_o bay_a a_o d'alvaro_n gonzales_n a_o rivulet_n or_o a_o arm_n be_v disburden_v into_o the_o sea_n of_o somewhat_o a_o redish_n colour_n take_v from_o a_o mine_n of_o red_a earth_n through_o which_o it_o flow_v but_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n call_v therefore_o the_o red_a sea_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o property_n of_o the_o colour_n some_o will_v have_v the_o denomination_n take_v from_o king_n erythreus_n other_o from_o the_o splendour_n which_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n repercuss_v do_v effect_n but_o the_o more_o probable_a opinion_n and_o that_o which_o be_v confirm_v from_o experience_n be_v that_o the_o redness_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o sand_n of_o a_o red_a colour_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o shore_n and_o be_v frequent_o admix_v with_o the_o water_n it_o the_o water_n in_o the_o red_a sea_n only_o red_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o red_a sâ—â—â—â—_n in_o it_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o admixture_n which_o seem_v contrary_a to_o the_o ponderousness_n of_o sand_n be_v the_o vehemency_n of_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o water_n or_o its_o swiftness_n and_o agitation_n in_o this_o sea_n by_o which_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o sand_n or_o gravel_n be_v agitate_a and_o move_v up_o and_o down_o and_o so_o hinder_v by_o the_o continual_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o it_o can_v rest_v mariner_n affirm_v that_o the_o water_n of_o this_o sea_n sometime_o appear_v as_o red_a as_o blood_n but_o if_o take_v up_o in_o a_o vessel_n the_o sand_n will_v sink_v down_o and_o then_o the_o water_n appear_v otherwise_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o storm_n from_o the_o red_a sea_n rush_v into_o arabia_n or_o africa_n carry_v with_o they_o so_o great_a a_o abundance_n of_o sand_n and_o cast_v it_o on_o the_o earth_n that_o it_o cover_v whole_a troop_n of_o man_n and_o beast_n whence_o proceed_v the_o true_a mummy_n whether_o from_o the_o same_o or_o another_o cause_n the_o sea_n between_o california_n and_o america_n be_v term_v red_a vermejo_n i_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o find_v it_o observe_v by_o writer_n proposition_n xvi_o certain_a peculiar_a thing_n be_v find_v in_o certain_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n place_n of_o thing_n in_o the_o ocean_n peculiar_a to_o certain_a place_n the_o sea_n term_v diego_n sargasso_n by_o the_o portugal_n which_o begin_v not_o far_o from_o cape_n verd_fw-mi in_o africa_n about_o the_o isle_n of_o salt_n and_o extend_v itself_o from_o the_o 20_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n unto_o the_o 34th_o of_o south_n latitude_n the_o colour_n of_o this_o sea_n seem_v to_o be_v green_a which_o be_v not_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o but_o of_o a_o certain_a small_a leave_a herb_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o call_v by_o the_o portugal_n sargasso_n the_o leaf_n of_o this_o weed_n mutual_o complicate_v one_o into_o another_o swim_v on_o the_o face_n of_o this_o ocean_n in_o so_o continue_v a_o tract_n that_o the_o water_n can_v hardly_o be_v see_v so_o that_o the_o seaman_n afar_o off_o discover_v this_o ocean_n take_v it_o for_o a_o island_n and_o green_a land_n neither_o can_v they_o pass_v through_o this_o knot_n of_o weed_n except_o that_o they_o be_v help_v by_o a_o moderate_a wind_n at_o least_o the_o herb_n bear_v a_o small_a berry_n whence_o it_o arise_v be_v not_o yet_o know_v see_v that_o this_o sea_n be_v not_o so_o near_o any_o land_n that_o it_o shall_v have_v its_o original_n from_o they_o neither_o be_v it_o probable_a that_o it_o shall_v come_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o profundity_n of_o this_o sea_n be_v such_o that_o in_o many_o place_n it_o exceed_v the_o length_n of_o any_o line_n or_o cord_n in_o the_o ocean_n not_o far_o from_o the_o promontory_n of_o good_a hope_n be_v many_o float_a redlike_a shrub_n of_o a_o great_a thickness_n discover_v unto_o which_o the_o herb_n sargasso_n be_v implicate_v seaman_n take_v it_o for_o a_o certain_a that_o if_o they_o see_v they_o thereabouts_o that_o they_o be_v near_o to_o the_o promontory_n of_o good_a hope_n or_o else_o have_v just_a past_o it_o madagascar_n coral_n find_v on_o the_o shoar_n of_o madagascar_n on_o the_o shoar_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o madagascar_n the_o ocean_n cast_v up_o red_a and_o white_a coral_n which_o augment_v like_o shrub_n under_o the_o water_n and_o although_o that_o they_o be_v soft_a in_o some_o place_n yet_o between_o madagascar_n and_o africa_n there_o be_v report_v to_o be_v rock_n of_o hard_a coral_n in_o the_o baltic_a ocean_n nigh_o to_o the_o shoar_n of_o borussia_n the_o shoar_n cast_v forth_o most_o excellent_a succinum_fw-la which_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v teach_v when_o certain_a wind_n do_v blow_n to_o draw_v up_o with_o certain_a iron_n hook_n zone_n amber_n only_o in_o the_o ocean_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o ocean_n cast_v up_o amber_n only_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n viz._n at_o the_o shoar_n of_o brazile_n where_o a_o piece_n of_o 500_o l._n weight_n be_v take_v up_o by_o a_o dutch_a soldier_n and_o present_v unto_o count_n nassaw_n at_o the_o isle_n of_o madagascar_n at_o cape_n verd_fw-mi at_o the_o isle_n of_o maurice_n at_o the_o isle_n of_o sumatra_n and_o other_o indian_a isle_n garcias_n relate_v that_o a_o piece_n of_o 200_o l._n weight_n be_v find_v yea_o that_o some_o island_n consist_v whole_o of_o amber_n but_o he_o do_v not_o name_v they_o in_o the_o aethiopic_a ocean_n at_o guinea_n congo_n and_o angola_n this_o be_v peculiar_o observe_v that_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o keil_n of_o the_o ship_n whilst_o that_o they_o remain_v there_o green_a cockle_n like_v unto_o grass_n do_v stick_v which_o hinder_v the_o sail_v of_o the_o ship_n and_o eat_v the_o wood_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o languedock_n in_o france_n bird_n unshape_a first_o of_o all_o then_o by_o degree_n they_o receive_v form_n and_o fix_v of_o their_o bill_n in_o the_o wood_n when_o they_o begin_v to_o move_v by_o degree_n they_o be_v pull_v off_o and_o swim_v on_o the_o water_n like_o goose_n the_o excrement_n of_o the_o ocean_n term_v the_o scum_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v find_v float_v in_o
the_o air_n and_o a_o pressure_n towards_o the_o earth_n therefore_o the_o air_n be_v force_v to_o the_o sea_n endeavour_v to_o drive_v it_o from_o its_o place_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v fluid_a and_o not_o able_a to_o resist_v the_o force_a air_n therefore_o it_o be_v move_v from_o its_o place_n towards_o the_o place_n of_o the_o opposite_a quarter_n and_o force_v another_o water_n and_o this_o another_o and_o so_o on_o now_o see_v that_o there_o be_v always_o some_o wind_n in_o the_o air_n sometime_o in_o this_o place_n and_o sometime_o in_o that_o and_o sometime_o diverse_a in_o divers_a place_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n thence_o it_o follow_v that_o there_o be_v certain_a contingent_a motion_n always_o in_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v more_o discernible_a in_o the_o part_n near_o the_o wind_n and_o therefore_o the_o rather_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o sea_n do_v most_o easy_o receive_v a_o impression_n because_o it_o be_v fluid_a proposition_n vii_o the_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v twofold_a one_o continual_o from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n the_o other_o compose_v of_o two_o contrary_a motion_n which_o be_v term_v the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o which_o the_o sea_n at_o certain_a hour_n flow_v to_o the_o shore_n and_o in_o certain_a other_o flow_v back_o again_o we_o shall_v first_o treat_v of_o the_o first_o twofold_a the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n twofold_a that_o the_o sea_n move_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n continual_o be_v chief_o prove_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o that_o sea_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n between_o the_o tropic_n for_o because_o the_o motion_n be_v more_o strong_a hence_o it_o be_v less_o hinder_v by_o other_o motion_n this_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v manifest_o find_v by_o those_o that_o sail_n from_o india_n to_o madagascar_n and_o africa_n also_o in_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n between_o new_a spain_n china_n and_o the_o moluccoe_n also_o in_o the_o ocean_n between_o africa_n and_o brasil_n so_o through_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n the_o sea_n be_v carry_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n with_o a_o vehement_a motion_n so_o through_o the_o streights_n manillan_n through_o channel_n between_o the_o isle_n maldives_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n carry_v ship_n from_o the_o east_n the_o sea_n glide_v impetuous_o between_o cuba_n and_o jucatan_n into_o the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n and_o flow_v out_o into_o cuba_n and_o florida_n at_o the_o gulf_n of_o paria_fw-la there_o be_v a_o violent_a influx_n so_o that_o that_o gulf_n be_v term_v os_fw-la draconis_fw-la the_o dragon_n mouth_n famous_a also_o be_v the_o flux_n at_o the_o land_n of_o canada_n from_o the_o tartarian_a ocean_n the_o sea_n move_v through_o the_o strait_n of_o nova_n zembla_n and_o waigat_n strait_n which_o be_v prove_v both_o from_o the_o very_a motion_n itself_o and_o also_o from_o the_o abundance_n of_o ice_n which_o the_o tartarian_a ocean_n cast_v up_o at_o the_o strait_n of_o zembla_n and_o at_o the_o northern_a shore_n of_o america_n in_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n the_o motion_n be_v towards_o the_o straight_a anian_a also_o from_o japan_n the_o sea_n be_v move_v towards_o china_n so_o in_o the_o straight_a manillan_n the_o motion_n be_v from_o east_n to_o west_n so_o also_o in_o the_o straight_a java_n and_o when_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n be_v move_v towards_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n the_o contrary_a be_v find_v in_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n for_o this_o be_v move_v from_o the_o shore_n which_o be_v the_o most_o conspicuous_a at_o cabo_n dez_fw-fr correntes_fw-la between_o panama_n and_o lima._n proposition_n viii_o the_o wind_n oftentimes_o change_v the_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n especial_o those_o fix_a wind_n which_o we_o shall_v show_v to_o be_v term_v motion_n in_o the_o xxi_o chap._n wind_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n ofttimes_o change_v by_o the_o wind_n for_o because_o that_o most_o of_o these_o do_v blow_n from_o the_o south_n and_o north_n or_o from_o the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o these_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o sea_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o general_a motion_n tend_v towards_o the_o west_n it_o move_v towards_o the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o the_o west_n viz._n northwest_n or_o south-west_n yea_o the_o general_a wind_n when_o that_o it_o seldom_o blow_v from_o the_o east_n but_o most_o common_o from_o the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o the_o east_n change_v this_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n much_o more_o do_v the_o north_n wind_n in_o the_o northern_a sea_n where_o the_o general_a motion_n be_v little_a discernible_a in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n proposition_n ix_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n be_v uncertain_a west_n the_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n and_o copernicus_n concern_v the_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o east_n to_o west_n the_o aristotelian_o suppose_v although_o it_o be_v unknown_a unto_o aristotle_n and_o his_o follower_n and_o indeed_o to_o all_o the_o european_a philosopher_n before_o the_o navigation_n of_o the_o portugal_n through_o the_o ocean_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n that_o it_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o prime_a motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o be_v not_o only_o common_a to_o all_o the_o star_n but_o also_o to_o the_o air_n in_o part_n and_o to_o the_o ocean_n by_o which_o all_o be_v carry_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n but_o some_o that_o follow_v copernicus_n as_o kepler_n although_o they_o also_o acknowledge_v the_o moon_n also_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o motion_n yet_o they_o determine_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v unto_o this_o motion_n viz._n they_o suppose_v that_o the_o water_n see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o continuous_a but_o only_o contiguous_a unto_o the_o earth_n can_v follow_v the_o circumrotation_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o resist_v it_o towards_o the_o west_n whilst_o the_o earth_n withdraw_v itself_o towards_o the_o east_n and_o therefore_o that_o the_o sea_n move_v not_o from_o one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n unto_o another_o but_o that_o the_o earth_n leave_v part_n of_o the_o water_n one_o after_o another_o othersome_a who_o be_v not_o please_v neither_o with_o the_o solution_n of_o aristotle_n nor_o copernicus_n have_v recourse_n unto_o the_o moon_n will_v have_v she_o to_o be_v empress_n of_o the_o water_n and_o that_o she_o lead_v about_o with_o she_o and_o draw_v the_o ocean_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v how_o they_o reply_n there_o be_v a_o occult_a faculty_n influence_n sympathy_n vicinity_n to_o the_o earth_n and_o such_o like_a indeed_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o the_o moon_n be_v the_o causer_n of_o this_o motion_n by_o reason_n that_o in_o the_o new_a and_o full_a moon_n this_o motion_n be_v more_o violent_a than_o in_o the_o quarter_n where_o the_o motion_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v very_o little_a the_o most_o acute_a cartesius_n have_v explain_v a_o mathematical_a mode_n by_o which_o the_o moon_n cause_v both_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n and_o air_n for_o he_o suppose_v according_a to_o his_o general_a hypothesis_n that_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o atom_n do_v move_v round_o about_o the_o earth_n by_o which_o the_o space_n even_o unto_o the_o moon_n be_v fill_v without_o any_o vacuum_n which_o space_n he_o call_v the_o vortex_n of_o the_o earth_n viz._n let_v the_o earth_n be_v fegh_n the_o water_n 2143_o the_o air_n 6587._o the_o vortex_n of_o the_o earth_n b_o a_o d_o c_o the_o moon_n b._n therefore_o say_v he_o if_o that_o there_o be_v no_o moon_n in_o the_o vortex_n b_o a_o d_o c_o the_o particle_n of_o its_o vortex_n will_v be_v turn_v round_o about_o the_o centre_n t_o but_o because_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o it_o therefore_o the_o space_n through_o which_o the_o celestial_a matter_n flow_v between_o b_o and_o t_o be_v render_v more_o angust_n and_o thence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o celestial_a matter_n flow_v there_o more_o quick_a between_o b_o and_o t_n and_o therefore_o more_o press_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o air_n in_o 6_o and_o also_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n in_o 2._o then_o if_o the_o moon_n be_v not_o in_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o vortex_n b_o d_o and_o see_v that_o both_o the_o body_n of_o the_o air_n and_o water_n be_v fluid_a and_o easy_o pliant_a to_o this_o pression_n it_o must_v not_o be_v so_o high_a above_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n f_o as_o if_o the_o moon_n be_v without_o the_o diameter_n b_o d._n and_o on_o the_o contrary_n must_v be_v more_o high_a towards_o e._n but_o whilst_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v carry_v from_o e_o through_o f_o towards_o g_z or_o from_o the_o
place_n may_v make_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n fix_v in_o another_o place_n time_n the_o flux_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o divers_a place_n at_o certain_a time_n so_o between_o the_o isle_n celebe_n and_o madera_n when_o that_o the_o motion_n be_v west_n viz._n in_o december_n january_n and_o february_n the_o sea_n flow_v to_o the_o south_n east_n or_o a_o more_o near_o collateral_a wind_n than_o the_o east_n so_o at_o java_n in_o the_o straight_a gallappa_n when_o the_o motion_n be_v west_n viz._n in_o may_n the_o sea_n flow_v towards_o the_o east_n contrary_a to_o his_o general_a motion_n at_o the_o isle_n of_o ceilan_n from_o the_o middle_n of_o march_n to_o october_n the_o sea_n flow_v towards_o the_o south_n on_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o month_n towards_o the_o north_n viz._n because_o that_o in_o those_o month_n the_o north_n wind_n be_v frequent_a in_o other_o the_o south_n wind_n between_o cochin_n and_o mallacca_n the_o sea_n flow_v with_o a_o western_o motion_n from_o april_n to_o august_n contrary_a to_o the_o general_a motion_n towards_o the_o east_n then_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o time_n towards_o the_o west_n the_o wind_n assist_v the_o general_a motion_n the_o sea_n flow_v here_o with_o so_o great_a a_o noise_n that_o those_o who_o know_v not_o the_o same_o suppose_v rock_n to_o be_v there_o against_o which_o the_o water_n beat_v so_o for_o some_o month_n after_o the_o 15_o of_o february_n the_o sea_n be_v move_v from_o the_o maldivian_n isle_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o india_n contrary_a to_o the_o general_a motion_n at_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n and_o camboja_n in_o october_n november_n and_o december_n the_o sea_n be_v move_v towards_o the_o north-west_n but_o in_o january_n towards_o the_o south-west_n with_o a_o very_a swift_a course_n to_o the_o sand_n de_fw-fr champa_n so_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o exceed_v the_o celerity_n of_o a_o stone_n that_o be_v slinge_v at_o pulo_n cato_n even_o unto_o varella_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o camboja_n when_o motion_n or_o wind_n do_v not_o blow_v the_o swift_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v towards_o the_o south_n but_o the_o motion_n or_o wind_n move_v towards_o another_o quarter_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n from_o patana_n to_o the_o promontory_n of_o malacca_n in_o november_n and_o december_n a_o swift_a course_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v observe_v towards_o the_o south_n in_o a_o motion_n or_o wind_n from_o china_n to_o malacca_n in_o june_n july_n and_o august_n there_o be_v a_o vehement_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o pulo_n cato_n to_o pulo_n cambir_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o camboja_n many_o more_o example_n but_o less_o accurate_o consign_v be_v to_o be_v read_v in_o the_o journal_o of_o the_o mariner_n at_o the_o coast_n of_o aguada_n de_fw-it san_fw-it bras_fw-fr not_o far_o from_o the_o promontory_n of_o good_a hope_n this_o be_v peculiar_o observe_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v always_o move_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n towards_o the_o land_n so_o much_o the_o more_o vehement_o by_o how_o much_o the_o occidental_a wind_n opposite_a unto_o it_o be_v more_o violent_a questionless_a some_o adjacent_a coast_n high_o than_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o proposition_n xxxi_o threefold_a the_o circular_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v threefold_a the_o cirçular_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n term_v whirlpool_n and_o vortices_fw-la be_v threefold_a for_o some_o only_o move_v the_o water_n in_o a_o round_a othersome_a suck_n in_o the_o water_n and_o in_o certain_a hour_n let_v it_o forth_o again_o and_o other_o suck_v it_o in_o but_o cast_v it_o not_o forth_o although_o without_o doubt_n there_o be_v a_o four_o sort_n in_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o cast_v out_o and_o suck_v not_o in_o the_o water_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o remember_v that_o i_o have_v read_v in_o any_o author_n such_o a_o vortex_n to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o sea_n but_o many_o be_v find_v on_o the_o land_n the_o chalcidican_n euripus_n or_o vortex_n be_v famous_a in_o greece_n especial_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o fable_n concern_v the_o death_n of_o aristotle_n it_o receive_v water_n at_o certain_a hour_n and_o cast_v they_o out_o in_o other_o the_o vortex_n at_o norway_n be_v the_o most_o note_a and_o great_a of_o all_o for_o it_o be_v relate_v to_o be_v 13_o mile_n in_o circuit_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o be_v a_o rock_n call_v mouske_n this_o vorago_fw-la in_o six_o hour_n suck_v in_o all_o that_o approach_v near_o it_o as_o water_n whale_n lade_v ship_n and_o in_o so_o many_o hour_n vomit_v they_o all_o out_o again_o with_o a_o great_a violence_n noise_n and_o circumgyration_n of_o water_n the_o cause_n be_v unknown_a between_o normandy_n and_o england_n be_v a_o vorago_fw-la or_o whirlpool_n unto_o which_o ship_n be_v carry_v with_o a_o great_a swiftness_n and_o be_v near_o the_o whirlpool_n be_v repel_v back_o again_o proposition_n xxxii_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o we_o call_v a_o concussion_n or_o tremble_v come_v from_o a_o spiration_n or_o wind_n which_o move_v the_o earth_n or_o water_n itself_o and_o cause_v it_o to_o rise_v cause_n of_o the_o concâ—ssion_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o its_o cause_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o biscay_n be_v a_o place_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v capbreton_n there_o sometime_o the_o sea_n swell_v without_o any_o wind_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o overflow_v the_o shore_n itself_o and_o on_o a_o sudden_a fall_v low_a the_o like_a intumescency_n be_v find_v in_o a_o lake_n of_o scotland_n call_v loumond_n move_v by_o a_o subterranean_a wind_n the_o portugal_n in_o anno_fw-la 1523_o in_o the_o sea_n of_o cambaja_n discover_v a_o tremble_a of_o the_o water_n for_o in_o a_o great_a calm_n as_o maffeus_n write_v all_o wind_n be_v still_o the_o sea_n on_o a_o sudden_a swell_v from_o the_o bottom_n thence_o the_o ship_n begin_v to_o roll_n and_o to_o fall_v foul_a of_o one_o another_o to_o their_o great_a astonishment_n now_o in_o this_o great_a confusion_n and_o disturbance_n some_o cast_v the_o lead_n some_o pump_v other_o more_o wise_a bethink_v themselves_o of_o escape_v and_o get_v barrel_n on_o which_o they_o may_v swim_v but_o on_o a_o instant_a it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o earthquake_n which_o thus_o also_o disturb_v the_o ship_n on_o the_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n proposition_n xxxiii_o why_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n be_v more_o calm_a and_o without_o great_a flood_n or_o wave_n and_o why_o it_o be_v easy_o move_v or_o rough_a with_o a_o wind_n the_o cause_n without_o doubt_n be_v because_o its_o motion_n towards_o the_o west_n be_v not_o hinder_v by_o the_o intercourse_n of_o shore_n as_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n be_v chap._n xv._o of_o lake_n pool_n or_o stand_v water_n and_o marsh_n proposition_n i._o definition_n lake_n of_o lake_n a_o lake_n be_v a_o quantity_n of_o water_n in_o any_o cavity_n of_o a_o mediterranean_a place_n of_o a_o notable_a amplitude_n and_o tract_n on_o all_o side_n encompass_v with_o the_o land_n and_o at_o the_o least_o have_v a_o moderate_a profundity_n but_o more_o proper_o that_o be_v term_v a_o lake_n which_o receive_v in_o and_o let_v forth_o river_n a_o pool_n be_v a_o small_a lake_n pool_n pool_n which_o do_v never_o receive_v or_o send_v forth_o river_n a_o marish_a be_v water_n in_o a_o mediterranean_a place_n marsh_n marsh_n here_o and_o there_o have_v the_o land_n extant_a and_o about_o it_o or_o mix_v with_o the_o earth_n proposition_n ii_o fourfold_a lake_n be_v fourfold_a lake_n be_v fourfold_a 1._o some_z neither_o send_v forth_o or_o receive_v river_n and_o such_o lake_n if_o small_a be_v term_v pool_n but_o if_o large_a they_o be_v call_v lake_n 2._o some_o send_v forth_o river_n but_o receive_v none_o 3._o other_o receive_v river_n and_o send_v forth_o none_o and_o 4._o some_o both_o receive_v and_o send_v forth_o river_n and_o some_o of_o those_o send_v forth_o great_a than_o they_o receive_v some_o equal_a and_o some_o lesser_a also_o 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where_o beneath_o the_o earth_n those_o aqueduct_n full_a of_o salt_n or_o sea-water_n be_v find_v 4._o because_o that_o dig_v to_o a_o great_a depth_n as_o also_o in_o mine_n much_o water_n be_v find_v of_o which_o neither_o the_o rain_n nor_o the_o air_n can_v be_v make_v the_o efficient_a cause_n how_o water_n come_v from_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o place_n of_o fountain_n so_o as_o to_o become_v sweet_a we_o have_v now_o show_v viz._n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o every_o where_o rocky_a or_o stony_a but_o in_o many_o place_n sandy_a muddy_a gravelly_a spongy_a drink_v the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o by_o a_o continuation_n of_o the_o earth_n bring_v it_o by_o degree_n to_o a_o long_a distance_n from_o the_o sea_n where_o at_o length_n the_o guttulae_fw-la unite_v especial_o in_o a_o narrow_a space_n such_o as_o be_v mountain_n and_o make_v a_o fountain_n in_o the_o give_v place_n or_o cavity_n but_o if_o so_o be_v that_o cavity_n be_v hide_v from_o the_o earth_n than_o the_o water_n so_o collect_v either_o follow_v another_o way_n wheresoever_o it_o be_v make_v and_o so_o a_o fountain_n seem_v to_o break_v forth_o in_o another_o place_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o in_o than_o place_n but_o be_v a_o river_n derive_v from_o the_o former_a place_n by_o a_o subterraneous_a passage_n or_o if_o that_o the_o water_n of_o that_o cavity_n find_v no_o way_n about_o itself_o neither_o by_o violence_n can_v break_v through_o the_o earth_n that_o cover_v it_o than_o that_o water_n be_v not_o augment_v but_o what_o water_n flow_v unto_o it_o to_o have_v be_v its_o increase_n that_o be_v avert_v to_o another_o place_n for_o that_o be_v the_o property_n of_o all_o humid_a body_n that_o all_o their_o part_n and_o particle_n be_v move_v towards_o that_o place_n where_o the_o deflux_n be_v make_v so_o if_o you_o fill_v a_o vessel_n with_o water_n that_o the_o swell_a or_o tumour_n may_v be_v above_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o vessel_n than_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o extant_a water_n have_v a_o equal_a inclination_n and_o power_n of_o deflux_n in_o the_o vicine_fw-la part_n of_o the_o brim_n but_o yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o mutual_a coherence_n of_o the_o particle_n who_o cause_n be_v declare_v in_o natural_a philosophy_n if_o that_o the_o deflux_n be_v make_v in_o one_o part_n of_o the_o brim_n all_o the_o other_o part_n leave_v the_o vicine_fw-la brim_n and_o draw_v to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o brim_n or_o they_o follow_v where_o the_o deflux_n be_v make_v so_o if_o you_o immerge_n a_o long_a crust_n of_o bread_n into_o water_n you_o shall_v see_v the_o water_n bear_v upward_o and_o and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o bread_n that_o be_v not_o immerge_v to_o be_v humid_a cavern_n the_o sea_n go_v under_o the_o earth_n through_o cavern_n moreover_o the_o sea_n go_v under_o the_o earth_n through_o cavern_n from_o which_o after_o the_o same_o mode_n the_o water_n may_v glide_v or_o creep_v forth_o unless_o you_o have_v rather_o ascribe_v it_o to_o evaporation_n which_o be_v carry_v upward_o and_o unite_n the_o drop_n in_o a_o narrow_a place_n but_o because_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o render_v this_o opinion_n less_o probable_a these_o aught_o also_o to_o be_v consider_v that_o it_o may_v be_v evident_a that_o they_o weaken_v not_o this_o assertion_n lay_v down_o note_v thing_n to_o be_v note_v 1._o the_o place_n of_o fountain_n be_v more_o elevate_v than_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o reason_n that_o most_o of_o they_o be_v in_o mountainous_a place_n therefore_o water_n can_v flow_v from_o the_o sea_n to_o those_o place_n because_o the_o nature_n of_o water_n be_v to_o move_v to_o place_n more_o depress_v or_o less_o elevate_v as_o it_o be_v manifest_a from_o river_n and_o the_o artifices_fw-la of_o drainer_n 2._o although_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v gravelly_a muddy_a and_o sandy_a so_o that_o the_o water_n may_v penetrate_v itself_o through_o its_o particle_n yet_o the_o reason_n do_v not_o appear_v evident_a enough_o but_o that_o it_o may_v more_o moisten_v the_o adjoin_a earth_n and_o that_o which_o be_v not_o so_o high_a than_o to_o glide_v upward_o to_o the_o place_n of_o fountain_n see_v especial_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v rocky_a and_o stony_a as_o in_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o island_n of_o st._n helena_n 3._o there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o water_n so_o glide_v from_o the_o sea_n shall_v not_o break_v forth_o in_o a_o middle_a way_n between_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o fountain_n 4._o in_o the_o most_o profound_a mine_n none_o or_o very_o little_a water_n be_v find_v as_o thurnheuserus_n witness_v 5._o this_o water_n of_o the_o fountain_n shall_v be_v salt_n because_o that_o it_o do_v proceed_v from_o the_o sea_n these_o be_v the_o chief_a argument_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o weaken_v the_o opinion_n propose_v for_o i_o pass_v by_o those_o slight_a one_o allege_v by_o other_o answer_v other_o argument_n answer_v viz._n that_o they_o suppose_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o supply_v so_o many_o river_n then_o again_o that_o river_n than_o shall_v never_o be_v diminish_v if_o that_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o river_n that_o we_o have_v lay_v down_o but_o unto_o these_o two_o the_o answer_n be_v easy_a because_o that_o the_o sea_n again_o receive_v the_o water_n again_o from_o the_o river_n that_o it_o send_v forth_o into_o the_o fountain_n then_o as_o for_o the_o other_o we_o have_v show_v before_o that_o the_o question_n be_v not_o neither_o do_v we_o determine_v that_o all_o the_o water_n of_o the_o river_n be_v from_o the_o sea_n but_o only_o concern_v the_o water_n of_o spring_n which_o be_v not_o the_o alone_a cause_n of_o river_n as_o we_o have_v say_v already_o and_o we_o also_o assert_v that_o the_o water_n of_o fountain_n be_v augment_v from_o rain_n and_o dew_n because_o that_o these_o moisten_v the_o earth_n glide_v or_o be_v draw_v towards_o the_o place_n of_o fountain_n concernment_n four_o other_o argument_n of_o great_a concernment_n where_o the_o efflux_n of_o the_o water_n be_v make_v which_o we_o have_v explain_v by_o other_o example_n we_o come_v now_o to_o those_o four_o argument_n allege_v which_o may_v seem_v to_o carry_v some_o weight_n with_o they_o the_o first_o be_v esteem_v very_o valid_a as_o be_v take_v from_o multiplicit_fw-la experience_n therefore_o many_o solution_n be_v bring_v and_o allege_v by_o learned_a man_n first_o they_o the_o most_o easy_o discharge_v themselves_o who_o defend_v the_o ocean_n to_o be_v more_o high_a than_o the_o earth_n for_o so_o they_o deny_v the_o assertion_n and_o they_o say_v that_o this_o altitude_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o spring_n because_o that_o spring_n be_v less_o high_a than_o the_o water_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n persia_n see_v olearius_n his_o voyage_n into_o persia_n moreover_o olearius_n in_o the_o description_n of_o his_o voyage_n into_o persia_n relate_v that_o he_o ascend_v the_o mountain_n that_o adjoin_v to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o with_o a_o astrolabe_n or_o rather_o a_o gaeodetical_a instrument_n to_o observe_v the_o elevation_n of_o this_o mountain_n above_o the_o superficies_n of_o that_o sea_n but_o find_v none_o but_o that_o the_o extreme_a superficies_n of_o that_o sea_n be_v see_v in_o the_o horizontal_n line_n yea_o somewhat_o elevate_v above_o it_o so_o that_o the_o tumour_n of_o this_o sea_n be_v find_v a_o little_a more_o high_a than_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o mountain_n on_o which_o he_o make_v his_o observation_n but_o in_o truth_n this_o solution_n can_v be_v admit_v of_o 13._o see_v chap._n 13._o because_o we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o thirteen_o chapter_n that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o high_a than_o the_o mountain_n
of_o which_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o mutation_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o sea_n avail_v much_o sometime_o in_o this_o and_o sometime_o in_o that_o part_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o flood_n wave_n or_o tempest_n for_o the_o water_n be_v make_v high_o more_o press_v the_o water_n and_o promote_v its_o ingress_n through_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o spring_n and_o see_v that_o every_o day_n the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v augment_v and_o diminish_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n not_o only_o by_o storm_n but_o also_o by_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n therefore_o such_o a_o pressure_n happen_v every_o day_n but_o i_o question_v whether_o this_o cause_n can_v effect_v much_o answer_v the_o three_o argument_n answer_v unto_o the_o three_o argument_n i_o say_v that_o the_o reason_n be_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o place_n and_o of_o the_o earth_n itself_o and_o as_o i_o say_v that_o the_o humour_n be_v move_v and_o glide_v towards_o that_o part_n where_o the_o flux_n be_v make_v neither_o do_v i_o think_v it_o need_v any_o far_a explication_n answer_v the_o four_o argument_n answer_v the_o four_o argument_n take_v from_o the_o saltness_n have_v a_o more_o difficult_a solution_n because_o that_o it_o seem_v not_o possible_a that_o the_o saltness_n shall_v be_v take_v away_o only_o by_o transcolation_n for_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o water_n consist_v in_o a_o double_a salt_n which_o the_o aristotelian_o never_o observe_v the_o one_o of_o which_o the_o chemist_n apt_o call_v fix_v the_o other_o volatile_a salt_n and_o the_o fix_a salt_n may_v indeed_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o marine_a water_n as_o well_o by_o continual_a transcolation_n as_o by_o coction_n and_o distillation_n of_o the_o water_n but_o the_o volatile_a salt_n because_o it_o be_v spirituous_a be_v immediate_o advance_v with_o the_o water_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v separate_v by_o frequent_a and_o often_o repeat_v distillation_n therefore_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o give_v a_o mode_n by_o which_o this_o volatile_a salt_n spirit_n in_o its_o passage_n between_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o fountain_n may_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o sea_n water_n yet_o in_o the_o mean_a while_o these_o will_v suffice_v for_o the_o solution_n 1._o although_o we_o have_v not_o discover_v the_o mode_n and_o artifice_n by_o which_o this_o volatile_a salsitude_n may_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o sea_n water_n yet_o we_o must_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v separate_v for_o by_o nature_n we_o find_v it_o separate_v viz._n for_o fresh_a shower_n fall_v into_o the_o ocean_n which_o yet_o be_v generate_v of_o the_o vapour_n take_v up_o from_o the_o sea_n 2._o those_o particle_n of_o salt_n water_n penetrate_v the_o earth_n before_o they_o flow_v to_o their_o fountain_n be_v mix_v here_o and_o there_o with_o other_o water_n proceed_v there_o from_o rain_n or_o vapour_n and_o so_o that_o small_a saltitude_n that_o they_o yet_o have_v be_v render_v altogether_o insensible_a 3._o it_o be_v not_o true_a that_o the_o salsitude_n be_v altogether_o insensible_a in_o all_o spring_n because_o that_o some_o fountain_n be_v salt_n as_o we_o say_v before_o othersome_a brackish_a a_o little_a as_o those_o two_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n suez_n and_o in_o place_n less_o remote_a from_o the_o sea_n therefore_o there_o be_v need_n of_o a_o long_a transcolation_n and_o gentle_a evaporation_n to_o separate_v the_o water_n from_o the_o volatile_a salt_n and_o by_o this_o artifice_n we_o make_v sea_n water_v less_o salt_n and_o such_o also_o be_v the_o generation_n of_o rain_n water_n which_o therefore_o be_v not_o salt_n or_o at_o least_o less_o salt_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o sometime_o saltish_a kind_n of_o rain_n do_v fall_v into_o the_o sea_n therefore_o the_o water_n of_o fountain_n proceed_v partly_o from_o the_o sea_n or_o subterranean_a water_n partly_o from_o river_n and_o dew_n that_o moisten_v the_o earth_n but_o the_o water_n of_o river_n partly_o proceed_v from_o spring_n and_o partly_o from_o rain_n and_o snow_n proposition_n vi_o certain_a river_n hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o passage_n under_o the_o earth_n and_o in_o another_o place_n rise_v up_o again_o as_o if_o they_o be_v new_a river_n again_o of_o river_n which_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o passage_n hide_v themselves_o under_o the_o earth_n and_o rise_v again_o the_o most_o celebrate_a of_o they_o be_v 1._o the_o river_n niger_n which_o meet_v the_o mountain_n of_o nubia_n be_v observe_v under_o they_o and_o come_v forth_o again_o from_o the_o other_o occidental_a quarter_n 2._o tigris_n have_v pass_v the_o lake_n arethusa_n meet_v the_o mountain_n taurus_n be_v hide_v in_o a_o cave_n and_o flow_v out_o on_o the_o other_o side_n then_o when_o it_o have_v pass_v the_o lake_n thospite_v it_o be_v again_o obscure_v in_o subterranean_a cavern_n and_o then_o after_o it_o have_v thus_o run_v the_o space_n of_o about_o six_o german_a mile_n it_o break_v forth_o again_o 3._o about_o arcadia_n in_o peloponnesus_n many_o such_o riveret_n be_v to_o be_v find_v as_o aristotle_n write_v in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o meteor_n chapter_n eleven_o 4._o alpheus_n a_o river_n of_o achaia_n be_v absorb_v by_o the_o earth_n the_o grecian_n write_v that_o it_o keep_v its_o course_n under_o the_o sea_n and_o beneath_o the_o earth_n even_o unto_o sicilia_n where_o they_o will_v have_v it_o to_o emerge_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o syracuse_n and_o to_o be_v that_o river_n that_o be_v call_v arethusa_n in_o sicilia_n now_o this_o they_o especial_o collect_v from_o this_o viz._n that_o arethusa_n in_o sicilia_n every_o five_o summer_n cast_v up_o the_o dung_n of_o those_o beast_n at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o olympian_a game_n be_v celebrate_v and_o the_o dung_n and_o garbage_n of_o the_o slay_a victim_n be_v cast_v into_o alpheus_n therefore_o be_v carry_v with_o a_o direct_a current_n they_o be_v cast_v up_o in_o sicilia_n 5._o the_o river_n guadiana_n between_o portugal_n and_o biscay_n in_o time_n past_o call_v anas_n whole_o obscure_v itself_o at_o medelina_n and_o about_o 8_o german_a mile_n further_a discover_v itself_o again_o 6._o dan_o which_o flow_v with_o the_o river_n jor_n make_v jordan_n break_v forth_o some_o mile_n from_o its_o fountain_n phiala_n straw_n or_o rush_n be_v cast_v into_o the_o same_o be_v find_v and_o discover_v in_o the_o fountain_n or_o proruption_n of_o the_o river_n dan._n the_o reason_n why_o these_o river_n hide_v themselves_o under_o the_o earth_n and_o again_o emerge_n be_v 1._o the_o obstacle_n of_o a_o more_o elevate_a place_n than_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o river_n 2._o either_o perchance_o some_o cavity_n exist_v in_o the_o earth_n or_o some_o inconstant_a matter_n which_o easy_o give_v place_n to_o the_o glide_a river_n there_o be_v also_o other_o river_n which_o hide_v themselves_o under_o the_o earth_n but_o do_v not_o again_o emerge_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n proposition_n vii_o most_o of_o the_o great_a and_o indifferent_a river_n as_o also_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o lesser_a do_v exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n or_o a_o lake_n and_o the_o place_n where_o this_o exoneration_n be_v make_v be_v term_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n some_o river_n have_v one_o some_o three_o and_o some_o more_o such_o mouth_n some_o of_o the_o river_n of_o indifferent_a magnitude_n as_o also_o the_o lesser_a sort_n discharge_v themselves_o into_o great_a river_n the_o other_o either_o stagnate_n or_o be_v suck_v up_o by_o the_o earth_n lake_n most_o river_n both_o great_a and_o small_a lose_v themselves_o in_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o lake_n concern_v the_o great_a river_n the_o thing_n be_v evident_a by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o rhine_n the_o danube_n the_o wolga_n and_o such_o like_a for_o the_o danube_n be_v exonerate_v into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n by_o seven_o mouth_n the_o wolga_n have_v at_o least_o seventy_o outlet_n or_o mouth_n the_o nile_n have_v seven_o and_o where_o it_o overflow_v more_o the_o cause_n why_o great_a river_n do_v exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n be_v their_o abundance_n of_o water_n and_o vehement_a course_n now_o why_o they_o have_v more_o outlet_n than_o one_o there_o be_v a_o twofold_a reason_n for_o the_o same_o 1._o the_o abundance_n of_o water_n 2._o the_o generation_n of_o sand_n and_o ridge_n in_o the_o mouth_n which_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n be_v so_o augment_v that_o they_o become_v either_o part_n of_o the_o land_n or_o island_n and_o so_o cause_n that_o the_o river_n glide_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o branch_n and_o when_o many_o such_o ridge_n be_v generate_v the_o river_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o branch_n or_o one_o mouth_n into_o many_o but_o then_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o mouth_n be_v carry_v forward_o and_o the_o sea_n recede_v from_o
and_o vitriol_n therefore_o they_o dissolve_v the_o particle_n of_o iron_n and_o by_o degree_n take_v away_o from_o it_o which_o whilst_o that_o they_o do_v the_o copper_n particle_n of_o the_o water_n be_v repose_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o iron_n once_o take_v away_o or_o there_o adhere_v whilst_o that_o they_o glide_v with_o the_o run_v water_n the_o reason_n of_o those_o that_o change_n wood_n into_o stone_n be_v these_o 1._o some_o do_v not_o change_v the_o wood_n itself_o into_o stone_n but_o earthy_a stony_a and_o saline_a particle_n contain_v in_o the_o water_n do_v apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o wood_n and_o so_o as_o it_o be_v cover_v the_o wood_n with_o a_o stony_a crust_n and_o do_v not_o real_o change_v it_o 2._o some_o do_v not_o change_v the_o wood_n into_o stone_n but_o cause_n a_o stony_a hardness_n to_o the_o wood_n which_o some_o mineral_n water_n may_v possible_o do_v 3._o if_o that_o some_o water_n have_v true_o change_v wood_n into_o stone_n i_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v do_v after_o this_o manner_n that_o chief_a difference_n be_v find_v by_o sight_n between_o the_o wood_n and_o the_o stone_n that_o in_o the_o wood_n there_o be_v certain_a long_a fibres_n or_o vein_n unto_o which_o the_o particle_n do_v cohere_v and_o those_o be_v less_o thick_a but_o in_o stone_n the_o particle_n be_v like_a unto_o atom_n without_o any_o certain_a extension_n into_o long_a fibres_n if_o that_o therefore_o any_o water_n dissolve_v and_o as_o it_o be_v grind_v the_o particle_n cohere_v in_o the_o wood_n according_a to_o a_o long_a line_n so_o that_o now_o they_o do_v no_o more_o cohere_v after_o this_o mode_n but_o yet_o be_v more_o condense_v there_o will_v be_v no_o more_o any_o great_a difference_n between_o the_o wood_n and_o stone_n as_o may_v be_v observe_v by_o our_o eye_n yet_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o these_o mineral_n water_n communicate_v some_o substance_n to_o the_o wood_n itself_o there_o be_v other_o water_n who_o faculty_n be_v report_v to_o be_v able_a to_o change_v the_o colour_n in_o the_o hair_n of_o man_n or_o beast_n proposition_n xiii_o to_o explain_v the_o cause_n of_o poisonous_a and_o death-causing_a water_n and_o to_o reckon_v up_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v water_n of_o poisonous_a water_n such_o be_v the_o lake_n asphaltites_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o arsenical_a bitumen_n in_o time_n past_a famous_a be_v the_o fountain_n of_o terracina_n which_o be_v call_v neptunicus_n in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o volsci_n of_o which_o those_o that_o drink_v be_v deprive_v of_o their_o life_n therefore_o it_o be_v fill_v up_o with_o stone_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o thessalia_n a_o fountain_n spring_v of_o which_o no_o cattle_n drink_v nor_o no_o kind_n of_o beast_n approach_v famous_a or_o rather_o infamous_a be_v the_o water_n which_o in_o the_o region_n of_o arcadia_n call_v nonacris_n the_o ancient_n write_v to_o drop_v exceed_o cold_a from_o stony_a rock_n therefore_o call_v the_o infernal_a and_o stygian_a water_n which_o no_o vessel_n either_o of_o silver_n brass_n or_o iron_n can_v be_v preserve_v in_o without_o break_v and_o by_o this_o water_n historian_n report_v that_o alexander_n the_o great_a be_v kill_v by_o jolla_n son_n of_o antipater_n and_o that_o not_o without_o the_o infamy_n of_o aristotle_n at_o this_o day_n many_o mortiferous_a water_n be_v find_v in_o the_o place_n or_o region_n call_v the_o alps_n but_o most_o of_o they_o be_v stop_v with_o stone_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o so_o few_o death-causing_a fountain_n be_v know_v now_o the_o generation_n of_o such_o water_n be_v if_o the_o water_n glide_v or_o flow_v through_o arsenical_a mercurial_a or_o antimonial_a earth_n and_o be_v impregnate_v with_o their_o fume_n for_o as_o the_o smoke_n or_o fume_n of_o arsenic_n kill_v live_v creature_n so_o water_v impregnate_v with_o such_o a_o fume_n do_v the_o same_o proposition_n fourteen_o to_o explain_v the_o generation_n of_o colour_a water_n and_o their_o difference_n and_o to_o enumerate_v the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o they_o be_v find_v at_o chinen_n in_o france_n water_n flow_v from_o a_o cave_n of_o somewhat_o a_o yellowish_a colour_n water_n of_o colour_a water_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o congo_n a_o riveret_n flow_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n into_o the_o sea_n in_o some_o place_n water_n flow_v of_o a_o black_a of_o a_o green_a and_o such_o like_a colour_n but_o they_o be_v but_o few_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o these_o water_n be_v that_o they_o glide_v or_o run_v from_o land_n before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o fountain_n proposition_n xv._o to_o explain_v the_o generation_n of_o salt-water_n and_o to_o reckon_v up_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o they_o be_v find_v salt-water_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o salt-water_n the_o generation_n be_v twofold_a 1._o from_o the_o ocean_n they_o come_v through_o subterraneous_a passage_n and_o flow_v to_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n 2._o they_o be_v generate_v of_o a_o salt_n contain_v in_o the_o earth_n such_o as_o be_v find_v in_o many_o place_n through_o which_o whilst_o the_o water_n glide_v it_o conceive_v saline_n particle_n and_o spirit_n before_o that_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o spring_n great_a be_v the_o plenty_n and_o that_o know_v to_o every_o one_o of_o salt_n fountain_n we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o precede_a chapter_n and_o this_o matter_n be_v easy_o know_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o salt_n almost_o every_o where_o lie_v hide_v in_o the_o earth_n see_v that_o salt_n itself_o be_v a_o element_n proposition_n xvi_o to_o explain_v the_o cause_n of_o ebullient_a fountain_n and_o those_o that_o break_v out_o with_o a_o great_a spirit_n and_o wind_n and_o to_o enumerate_v the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n wherein_o they_o be_v find_v the_o cause_n be_v partly_o a_o sulphureous_a spirit_n and_o partly_o a_o nitrous_a spirit_n commix_v with_o water_n in_o the_o earth_n fountain_n of_o ebullient_a fountain_n if_o that_o it_o be_v a_o sulphureous_a spirit_n the_o water_n be_v hot_a if_o nitrous_a cold_a for_o neither_o be_v all_o the_o water_n which_o ebulliate_v like_a to_o those_o that_o be_v hot_a hot_a but_o many_o of_o they_o be_v cold_a as_o be_v evident_a from_o that_o near_a to_o culma_n call_v a_o mad_a water_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o twelve_o proposition_n the_o river_n tamayus_n in_o galaecia_n arise_v from_o a_o lake_n in_o its_o rise_n for_o some_o month_n of_o the_o year_n it_o send_v forth_o a_o mighty_a noise_n in_o japan_n that_o wonderful_a hot_a fountain_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o eight_o proposition_n not_o above_o twice_o every_o day_n break_v forth_o for_o the_o most_o part_n for_o one_o hour_n now_o when_o that_o the_o water_n begin_v to_o flow_v it_o be_v carry_v with_o so_o great_a a_o force_n and_o vehemency_n of_o wind_n that_o it_o move_v the_o vast_a stone_n incumbent_a on_o the_o well_o and_o leap_v to_o the_o height_n of_o three_o or_o four_o ell_n with_o so_o great_a a_o noise_n like_v unto_o the_o discharge_n of_o cannon_n in_o westphalia_n a_o fountain_n break_v forth_o term_v bolderborn_n from_o its_o noise_n most_o of_o the_o spaw_n and_o bath_n break_v forth_o with_o a_o abundance_n of_o wind_n and_o ebulliate_v as_o if_o they_o boil_a a_o sulphureous_a spirit_n cause_v this_o in_o the_o bath_n and_o in_o the_o spaw_n the_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n nitre_n and_o the_o like_a proposition_n xvii_o to_o enumerate_v the_o kind_n of_o water_n which_o have_v other_o certain_a wonderful_a property_n and_o to_o explain_v the_o cause_n of_o they_o unto_o this_o classis_fw-la all_o other_o ought_v to_o be_v reduce_v which_o can_v convenient_o be_v refer_v unto_o the_o former_a sort_n property_n other_o kind_n of_o water_n of_o wonderful_a property_n so_o there_o be_v a_o fountain_n in_o portugal_n term_v cadina_fw-la devour_v all_o that_o be_v cast_v into_o it_o also_o in_o time_n pass_v there_o be_v another_o near_a to_o it_o reject_v all_o thing_n cast_v into_o it_o but_o this_o latter_a be_v obstruct_v in_o andalusia_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n guadiana_n eusebius_n nierenburgius_n relate_v that_o there_o be_v a_o lake_n which_o show_v the_o season_n or_o tempest_n for_o when_o that_o this_o be_v approach_v it_o make_v a_o horrible_a noise_n which_o be_v oftentimes_o hear_v for_o the_o space_n of_o 18_o or_o 20_o mile_n in_o calais_n in_o france_n be_v a_o well_o into_o which_o if_o that_o a_o stone_n be_v cast_v in_o a_o noise_n will_v be_v hear_v like_o thunder_n in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o well_o in_o the_o alps_n be_v wells_n who_o water_n be_v drink_v off_o contract_v swell_n of_o a_o great_a bigness_n hang_v from_o their_o neck_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granada_n at_o the_o town_n antiquarius_fw-la be_v
a_o fountain_n of_o so_o great_a force_n that_o it_o dissolve_v stone_n near_o unto_o tours_n in_o france_n be_v cave_n to_o be_v see_v term_v common_o les_fw-fr cave_n gouttieres_n from_o the_o roof_n of_o which_o the_o water_n which_o fall_v be_v form_v into_o divers_a shape_n as_o nut_n almond_n and_o the_o like_a the_o hot_a fountain_n of_o japan_n burn_v all_o thing_n and_o devour_v cloth_n iron_z flesh_n etc._n etc._n the_o studious_a may_v collect_v divers_a other_o example_n from_o other_o author_n and_o reduce_v they_o to_o this_o classis_fw-la if_o that_o they_o seem_v not_o possible_a to_o be_v reduce_v to_o any_o of_o the_o former_a the_o cause_n must_v be_v seek_v from_o the_o peculiar_a situation_n and_o property_n of_o each_o place_n proposition_n xviii_o to_o enumerate_v those_o fountain_n which_o break_v forth_o at_o a_o set_a time_n not_o continual_o to_o explain_v the_o cause_n and_o those_o which_o ebb_n and_o flow_v continual_o of_o fountain_n which_o break_v forth_o at_o a_o set_a time_n not_o continual_o this_o proposition_n belong_v not_o to_o this_o chapter_n but_o to_o the_o precede_a yet_o because_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o wonder_n of_o water_n and_o be_v neglect_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n here_o it_o shall_v be_v explain_v in_o a_o fountain_n situate_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o high_a hill_n in_o the_o province_n of_o canaugh_n in_o ireland_n the_o water_n eb_v and_o flow_v every_o day_n with_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n yet_o the_o water_n be_v fresh_a the_o same_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o fountain_n louzara_n which_o be_v in_o the_o mountainous_a place_n of_o galaecia_n call_v cabreti_n 20_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n also_o in_o aquitain_n in_o the_o village_n marsacus_n be_v a_o fountain_n which_o imitate_v the_o swell_a of_o the_o sea_n and_o swell_v with_o the_o increase_n of_o garumnae_fw-la in_o bordeaux_n elsewhere_o there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v fountain_n which_o augment_v and_o decrease_v contrary_a to_o the_o swell_a of_o the_o sea_n in_o wales_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n severn_n be_v a_o pool_n call_v linliguna_n which_o swallow_v in_o the_o marine_a flood_n whilst_o that_o they_o arise_v but_o it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n fill_v with_o the_o same_o and_o the_o flood_n of_o the_o sea_n cease_v than_o it_o rise_v with_o a_o great_a force_n and_o vomit_v out_o the_o water_n with_o which_o it_o cover_v the_o bank_n in_o biscay_n there_o be_v the_o four_o spring_n tamarici_n whereof_o three_o every_o day_n be_v so_o dry_v twelve_o time_n as_o if_o that_o no_o water_n be_v in_o they_o as_o pliny_n report_v but_o i_o question_v whether_o they_o be_v to_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n in_o savoy_n be_v a_o fountain_n of_o note_a magnitude_n callen_v wonderful_a which_o sink_v low_a twice_o in_o a_o hour_n and_o twice_o flow_v and_o before_o that_o it_o flow_v and_o do_v break_v forth_o with_o a_o great_a noise_n it_o flow_v into_o the_o lake_n burgites_n in_o the_o mountain_n of_o foix_n in_o languedoc_n rise_v the_o river_n ler_n which_o in_o the_o month_n june_n july_n and_o august_n eb_v and_o flow_v 24_o time_n in_o a_o day_n bertius_n see_v bertius_n in_o a_o region_n of_o westphalia_n call_v paderborn_n be_v a_o fountain_n which_o eb_v and_o flow_v twice_o every_o day_n although_o it_o send_v forth_o so_o much_o water_n that_o not_o far_o from_o the_o fountain_n the_o water_n drive_v four_o water-mill_n and_o it_o break_v forth_o with_o a_o mighty_a noise_n in_o the_o province_n of_o wallis_n in_o germany_n be_v a_o fountain_n call_v the_o fountain_n of_o st._n marry_o it_o cease_v to_o flow_v in_o the_o autumn_n at_o the_o day_n dedicate_v to_o st._n mary_n and_o return_v in_o may._n the_o pool_n or_o lake_n maron_n in_o palestine_n be_v so_o dry_a in_o the_o summer_n and_o bring_v forth_o herb_n and_o shrub_n so_o high_a that_o lion_n wolf_n and_o other_o wild_a beast_n do_v abide_v there_o in_o spain_n two_o mile_n from_o valindolid_n be_v a_o fountain_n which_o arise_v in_o may_n and_o fall_v in_o november_n all_o bath_n flow_v without_o any_o cessation_n or_o change_n except_o those_o that_o be_v in_o rhaetia_n and_o be_v call_v the_o pepper_n bath_n for_o they_o flow_v only_o in_o the_o summer_n from_o the_o three_o of_o may_n to_o the_o fourteen_o of_o september_n than_o they_o cease_v chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o mutation_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o water_n and_o land_n or_o of_o the_o mutation_n of_o the_o watery_a superficies_n into_o the_o earthy_a and_o the_o contrary_n proposition_n i._o to_o know_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o water_n possess_v how_o great_a it_o be_v and_o that_o which_o the_o earth_n occupi_v possess_v of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o water_n possess_v we_o can_v accurate_o know_v this_o because_o we_o be_v ignorant_a whether_o the_o sea_n or_o land_n do_v possess_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o north_n or_o south_n polaryland_n moreover_o because_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n as_o also_o of_o the_o land_n be_v terminate_v on_o the_o globe_n by_o a_o irregular_a bend_n of_o the_o line_n therefore_o it_o will_v be_v a_o very_a difficult_a task_n to_o compute_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n and_o land_n but_o as_o far_o as_o we_o be_v able_a to_o collect_v in_o gross_a from_o the_o inspection_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n and_o land_n seem_v almost_o equal_a so_o that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n be_v half_a to_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o land_n and_o so_o also_o be_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o land_n proposition_n ii_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n as_o also_o of_o the_o land_n be_v not_o at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o same_o magnitude_n but_o sometime_o great_a and_o sometime_o lesser_a and_o when_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n be_v augment_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o land_n be_v diminish_v for_o the_o sea_n overflow_v sometime_o here_o sometime_o there_o or_o take_v away_o and_o carry_v with_o it_o so_o therefore_o his_o superficies_n be_v augment_v more_o or_o less_o as_o it_o have_v overflow_v a_o great_a or_o less_o tract_n of_o land_n as_o in_o time_n past_o it_o do_v in_o thessaly_n yet_o this_o variety_n as_o far_o as_o it_o be_v yet_o know_v have_v a_o very_a little_a proportion_n unto_o the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o water_n it_o may_v be_v make_v great_a as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o eighteen_o proposition_n proposition_n iii_o to_o compute_v what_o quantity_n of_o water_n the_o earth_n contain_v and_o what_o quantity_n of_o land_n contain_v of_o the_o quantity_n of_o land_n and_o water_n which_o the_o earth_n contain_v for_o the_o find_n out_o the_o accurate_a and_o true_a quantity_n of_o water_n and_o land_n first_o we_o ought_v to_o know_v both_o the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o water_n as_o also_o its_o depth_n in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n also_o the_o subterraneous_a heap_n of_o water_n ought_v to_o be_v examine_v all_o which_o see_v that_o we_o can_v find_v out_o by_o any_o method_n therefore_o we_o can_v find_v out_o the_o accurate_a quantity_n of_o the_o water_n or_o land_n but_o only_o from_o certain_a hypothesis_n viz._n we_o lay_v down_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n to_o be_v half_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o profundity_n to_o be_v quarter_n or_o half_a a_o mile_n neither_o do_v we_o reckon_v the_o water_n in_o subterraneous_a channel_n the_o quantity_n of_o water_n may_v be_v thus_o find_v out_o take_v a_o quarter_n or_o half_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o sphere_n may_v be_v find_v who_o semidiameter_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o residue_n let_v this_o solidity_n be_v take_v from_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o half_a of_o the_o residue_n be_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o water_n the_o same_o half_n substract_v from_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n leave_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o earth_n unto_o which_o must_v be_v add_v a_o four_o or_o five_o part_n of_o the_o bulk_n of_o water_n or_o of_o the_o former_a half_n but_o these_o be_v uncertainty_n from_o suppose_a uncertainty_n or_o at_o least_o nigh_o unto_o truth_n proposition_n iu._n the_o water_n may_v leave_v the_o shore_n and_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o it_o do_v occupy_v for_o divers_a cause_n so_o that_o the_o land_n may_v appear_v dry_a where_o the_o water_n or_o sea_n be_v before_o and_o so_o a_o new_a land_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v generate_v water_n a_o sevenfold_o tract_n of_o water_n there_o be_v a_o sevenfold_a tract_n of_o water_n viz._n 1._o the_o ocean_n 2._o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o the_o ocean_n 3._o
indian_n orancan_n it_o be_v often_o in_o the_o oriental_a sea_n especial_o in_o the_o sea_n of_o sian_n china_n and_o japan_n between_o malacca_n and_o japan_n this_o violent_o break_v almost_o from_o the_o western_a quarter_n and_o be_v whirl_v about_o the_o horizon_n with_o a_o rapid_a course_n perfect_v its_o circumference_n by_o continual_a increase_n in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o hour_n raise_v those_o vast_a sea_n with_o a_o horrid_a violence_n and_o swell_n the_o billow_n beat_v one_o another_o take_v away_o all_o hope_n of_o safety_n from_o the_o mariner_n and_o so_o both_o by_o reason_n of_o these_o typhon_n and_o also_o other_o storm_n sail_v from_o india_n to_o japan_n be_v very_o dangerous_a so_o that_o it_o be_v account_v a_o happy_a voyage_n if_o that_o one_o ship_n of_o three_o keep_v its_o course_n at_o the_o autumnal_a season_n a_o most_o furious_a typhon_n do_v especial_o predominate_a and_o that_o often_o with_o so_o great_a violence_n that_o those_o that_o have_v not_o see_v it_o can_v hardly_o believe_v it_o so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o some_o mighty_a ship_n have_v be_v weaken_v by_o those_o great_a wave_n you_o will_v think_v in_o this_o storm_n that_o heaven_n and_o earth_n will_v meet_v neither_o do_v it_o only_a rage_n on_o the_o sea_n but_o also_o on_o the_o shore_n and_o overwhelm_v many_o house_n and_o throw_v up_o huge_a tree_n by_o the_o root_n and_o force_v great_a ship_n from_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o land_n for_o about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n the_o mariner_n term_v it_o a_o wind_n that_o run_v round_o the_o compass_n in_o the_o indian_a ocean_n it_o seldom_o continue_v above_o six_o hour_n and_o make_v the_o sea_n so_o level_a at_o the_o first_o as_o if_o that_o it_o be_v plain_v but_o on_o a_o sudden_a horrible_a wave_n do_v follow_v so_o about_o the_o city_n ardibil_n in_o persia_n in_o june_n and_o july_n every_o day_n when_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v at_o his_o meridian_n height_n a_o whirlwind_n arise_v for_o a_o hour_n by_o which_o a_o great_a dust_n be_v raise_v questionless_a the_o cause_n of_o a_o typhon_n be_v that_o a_o wind_n break_v forth_o with_o violence_n from_o some_o one_o quarter_n towards_o another_o findeth_z a_o obstruction_n in_o this_o and_o therefore_o be_v wreathe_v and_o turn_v into_o itself_o as_o we_o see_v that_o if_o water_n be_v sudden_o move_v if_o that_o a_o obstacle_n be_v put_v in_o its_o way_n it_o move_v in_o a_o round_a sudden_o and_o with_o a_o force_n it_o may_v be_v that_o a_o typhon_n may_v arise_v from_o opposite_a wind_n blow_v together_o violent_o which_o render_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o plain_a and_o comprehend_v the_o ship_n in_o the_o middle_n if_o that_o it_o rush_v from_o above_o it_o be_v call_v caetegis_n and_o then_o it_o make_v the_o sea_n so_o plain_a as_o if_o that_o it_o have_v be_v plain_v but_o present_o mighty_a flood_n or_o wave_n arise_v proposition_n xiii_o whether_o that_o some_o wind_n break_v forth_o from_o the_o earth_n or_o water_n water_n of_o wind_n break_v forth_o from_o the_o earth_n or_o water_n we_o easy_o apprehend_v that_o this_o may_v easy_o be_v see_v that_o cavity_n be_v here_o and_o also_o wind_n sulphureous_a substance_n and_o moisture_n now_o nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o a_o gust_n sufficient_o vehement_a may_v be_v there_o generate_v viz._n if_o that_o it_o be_v any_o thing_n hinder_v as_o it_o be_v procreate_v to_o go_v forth_o or_o if_o that_o it_o be_v present_o generate_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n as_o much_o as_o the_o wind_n require_v if_o that_o the_o outlet_n be_v hinder_v a_o earthquake_n be_v generate_v or_o a_o wind_n with_o a_o violent_a force_n make_v weigh_v for_o itself_o and_o thrust_v forward_o the_o earth_n so_o oftentimes_o a_o smoke_n break_v forth_o from_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o maarice_n so_o also_o from_o some_o cave_n in_o japan_n be_v a_o fountain_n break_v forth_o at_o certain_a hour_n of_o the_o day_n with_o great_a noise_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o remember_v that_o i_o have_v read_v of_o any_o wind_n break_v forth_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n proposition_n fourteen_o whether_o that_o a_o certain_a wind_n may_v arise_v from_o the_o flow_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o the_o river_n rivers_n of_o a_o wind_n that_o flow_v from_o the_o sea_n and_o rivers_n experience_a testify_v that_o in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v discover_v if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o air_n be_v free_a from_o other_o wind_n from_o the_o most_o part_n with_o the_o water_n flow_v from_o the_o sea_n a_o wind_n also_o blow_v from_o the_o sea_n therefore_o it_o seem_v probable_a that_o the_o air_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o contiguity_n be_v carry_v with_o the_o water_n to_o the_o same_o quarter_n but_o this_o shall_v be_v more_o diligent_o observe_v whether_o when_o that_o the_o air_n be_v still_o the_o same_o wind_n be_v discover_v with_o the_o afflux_n of_o the_o sea_n i_o think_v yet_o that_o another_o cause_n of_o this_o wind_n may_v be_v give_v viz._n that_o the_o air_n be_v force_v from_o the_o place_n by_o the_o flow_a water_n now_o the_o air_n be_v much_o move_v at_o a_o very_a little_a impression_n so_o they_o will_v have_v the_o air_n move_v with_o the_o river_n that_o run_v swift_o proposition_n xv._o why_o ignes_fw-la fatui_fw-la castor_n and_o pollux_n and_o helena_n be_v among_o tempest_n the_o portugal_n call_v they_o corpo_fw-it santo_n the_o spaniard_n st._n elmo_n now_o not_o only_o one_o but_o many_o be_v oftentimes_o behold_v in_o ship_n at_o the_o mast_n wander_v with_o a_o uncertain_a motion_n as_o other_o ignes_fw-la fatui_fw-la although_o that_o sometime_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o fix_v on_o the_o sail_n and_o mast_n but_o sometime_o leap_v up_o and_o down_o they_o appear_v like_o a_o flame_n or_o a_o candle_n burn_v obscure_o if_o that_o four_o such_o vicine_fw-la light_n be_v see_v the_o portugal_n term_v they_o cora_n de_fw-fr nostra_fw-la seneora_n the_o crown_n of_o our_o bless_a lady_n or_o virgin_n mary_n and_o these_o they_o account_v of_o as_o a_o most_o certain_a sign_n of_o the_o tempest_n to_o cease_v the_o cause_n of_o those_o fire_n be_v a_o sulphureous_a part_n full_a of_o bitumen_n force_v downward_o through_o that_o great_a motion_n of_o the_o air_n and_o force_v or_o fire_v into_o one_o by_o agitation_n or_o congregation_n so_o we_o see_v by_o agitation_n that_o the_o butter_n of_o milk_n be_v separate_v from_o this_o phaenomenon_n be_v also_o collect_v that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n those_o violent_a tempest_n proceed_v from_o a_o sulphureous_a spirit_n rarefy_v and_o move_v the_o cloud_n proposition_n xvi_o why_o there_o be_v so_o frequent_a a_o calm_a in_o the_o sea_n near_o guinee_n and_o under_o the_o aequator_fw-la in_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n between_o america_n and_o africa_n ocean_n frequent_a '_o calm_v in_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o phaenomenon_n about_o wind_n of_o no_o small_a difficulty_n that_o at_o guinee_n which_o be_v two_o degree_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o under_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v almost_o a_o perpetual_a calm_a especial_o in_o april_n may_n and_o june_n where_o no_o motion_n be_v find_v there_o when_o that_o no_o such_o thing_n be_v observe_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n situate_a under_o the_o aequator_fw-la indeed_o a_o ecnephias_n be_v sometime_o sufficient_o frequent_v there_o but_o this_o also_o be_v desire_v oftentimes_o by_o the_o seaman_n because_o that_o by_o the_o force_n of_o frequent_a ecnephiae_fw-la they_o endeavour_v to_o sail_v beyond_o the_o aequator_fw-la for_o it_o happen_v very_o often_o that_o ship_n sail_v from_o europe_n to_o india_n be_v detain_v a_o whole_a month_n at_o the_o aequator_fw-la before_o that_o they_o can_v pass_v it_o now_o especial_o they_o avoid_v the_o coast_n of_o guinee_n and_o the_o calm_a there_o and_o therefore_o with_o some_o hindrance_n to_o their_o voyage_n they_o sail_v towards_o brazil_n yea_o some_o ship_n be_v detain_v here_o for_o three_o month_n before_o that_o they_o can_v depart_v from_o the_o coast_n into_o the_o mid-sea_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v out_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o phaenomenon_n unless_o perchance_o this_o be_v it_o that_o snow_n be_v find_v intercept_v in_o no_o mountain_n of_o africa_n between_o guinee_n and_o barbary_n which_o may_v generate_v the_o wind_n proposition_n xvii_o in_o some_o region_n the_o tempest_n be_v anniversary_n region_n of_o tempest_n anniversary_n in_o some_o region_n we_o have_v give_v some_o example_n of_o these_o in_o our_o former_a proposition_n viz._n 1._o concern_v the_o mutation_n of_o motion_n 2._o concern_v our_o ecnephias_n 3._o concern_v a_o typhon_n 4._o at_o the_o promontory_n of_o good-hope_a in_o june_n and_o july_n 5._o in_o the_o isle_n
february_n in_o congo_n here_o therefore_o the_o terrestrial_a season_n be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o celestial_a because_o that_o in_o january_n and_o february_n the_o sun_n be_v not_o most_o remote_a from_o those_o place_n and_o therefore_o they_o shall_v not_o have_v rain_n but_o rather_o siccity_n without_o doubt_v the_o cause_n be_v either_o from_o another_o situation_n of_o the_o mountain_n another_o fix_a wind_n or_o the_o like_a 6._o the_o island_n of_o st._n thomas_n thomas_n see_v the_o description_n of_o st._n thomas_n and_o anobon_n be_v very_o abundant_a in_o sugar_n grain_n fruit_n and_o meat_n and_o great_a plenty_n of_o orange_n etc._n etc._n 7._o how_o the_o season_n be_v in_o the_o other_o region_n of_o the_o occidental_a coast_n of_o africa_n from_o lowango_n to_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o any_o one_o 8._o therefore_o that_o shore_n be_v leave_v and_o the_o promontory_n of_o good-hope_a be_v sail_v about_o we_o return_v to_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n where_o the_o oriental_a coast_n of_o the_o promontory_n or_o tongue_n of_o africa_n be_v discover_v in_o which_o lie_v zofala_n mozambique_n quiloa_n even_o to_o the_o aequator_fw-la which_o be_v illustrate_v by_o the_o oriental_a sun_n in_o these_o place_n the_o winter_n be_v in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n november_n december_n and_o january_n in_o the_o rest_n siccity_n and_o summer_n which_o time_n be_v contrary_a to_o that_o in_o which_o in_o congo_n we_o have_v say_v that_o they_o have_v the_o rain_n in_o winter_n and_o yet_o these_o region_n lie_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la but_o the_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n which_o double_o divide_v this_o prominent_a tongue_n of_o africa_n into_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a land_n questionless_a be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o diversity_n the_o land_n of_o these_o region_n be_v only_o of_o a_o moderate_a fertility_n in_o many_o place_n sandy_a barren_a and_o scorch_v with_o the_o chalure_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o the_o river_n the_o adjacent_a sea_n and_o general_a eastern_o wind_n much_o allay_v the_o heat_n 9_o the_o other_o region_n of_o the_o oriental_a coast_n of_o africa_n lie_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n and_o hence_o to_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o say_a gulf_n even_o to_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n these_o region_n i_o say_v what_o season_v they_o have_v and_o in_o what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o find_v observe_v by_o any_o but_o that_o some_o write_v that_o this_o tract_n be_v barren_a sandy_a oppress_v with_o such_o a_o violent_a heat_n and_o destitute_a of_o river_n 10._o as_o to_o the_o season_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n of_o africa_n which_o be_v the_o region_n of_o the_o abyssine_n which_o be_v cut_v almost_o in_o the_o middle_n by_o the_o aequator_fw-la so_o that_o it_o have_v some_o province_n in_o the_o southern_a torrid_a zone_n and_o very_o many_o in_o the_o northern_a torrid_a zone_n 11._o now_o leave_v africa_n we_o enter_v the_o region_n of_o asia_n lie_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n where_o first_o we_o meet_v with_o the_o region_n of_o arabia_n adjacent_a to_o the_o red_a sea_n from_o mecca_n to_o aden_n 12_o degree_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la towards_o the_o north_n which_o regard_n the_o west_n day_n the_o merchant_n at_o aden_n negoriate_v their_o affair_n in_o the_o night_n season_n by_o reason_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o day_n on_o the_o east_n they_o have_v the_o arabian_a mountain_n these_o region_n be_v exceed_o infest_a with_o heat_n in_o march_n and_o april_n and_o more_o in_o the_o follow_a month_n whilst_o the_o sun_n approach_v to_o their_o vertex_fw-la and_o about_o it_o it_o remain_v may_n june_n july_n and_o august_n the_o chalure_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n especial_o the_o better_a sort_n cause_n water_n to_o be_v pour_v on_o their_o body_n all_o the_o day_n long_o or_o else_o lie_v in_o vessel_n of_o water_n to_o refresh_v they_o i_o suppose_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v the_o defect_n of_o watery_a vapour_n because_o on_o the_o oriental_a part_n the_o region_n be_v rocky_a and_o have_v but_o few_o river_n now_o the_o oriental_a wind_n which_o be_v general_a although_o it_o be_v not_o there_o perceive_v repell_v the_o vapour_n rise_v from_o the_o red_a sea_n likewise_o the_o abundance_n of_o sand_n which_o retain_v the_o heat_n receive_v in_o the_o night_n and_o communicate_v it_o to_o the_o air._n therefore_o this_o time_n of_o the_o summer_n and_o winter_n agree_v with_o the_o celestial_a course_n 12._o the_o same_o be_v the_o case_n of_o all_o arabia_n and_o its_o eastern_a coast_n 13._o in_o camboja_n in_o india_n lie_v under_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n as_o also_o in_o the_o region_n of_o malabar_n or_o the_o eastern_a coast_n of_o the_o indies_n which_o regard_v the_o west_n and_o extend_v themselves_o from_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o south_n to_o the_o eight_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n i_o say_v these_o region_n the_o winter_n or_o rainy_a season_n possess_v the_o month_n of_o june_n july_n august_n and_o september_n but_o especial_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o june_n to_o the_o middle_n of_o september_n neither_o in_o all_o these_o place_n do_v it_o rain_n in_o a_o equal_a time_n but_o more_o continual_o in_o the_o province_n of_o goana_n and_o cocina_n and_o less_o in_o camboja_n where_o it_o only_o rain_v three_o month_n in_o the_o other_o eight_o month_n it_o seldom_o rain_v in_o camboja_n but_o in_o goa_n in_o the_o month_n of_o april_n and_o may_v it_o rain_v but_o less_o vehement_a and_o beginning_n with_o thunder_n and_o storm_n so_o that_o to_o autumn_n here_o may_v be_v ascribe_v half_o the_o month_n of_o march_n also_o april_n and_o may_v to_o the_o 15_o of_o june_n then_o from_o the_o 15_o of_o june_n july_n and_o august_n to_o winter_n likewise_o from_o the_o 15_o of_o september_n to_o december_n the_o spring_n the_o other_o month_n from_o the_o 15_o of_o december_n to_o the_o 15_o of_o march_n to_o summer_n fall_v the_o winter_n be_v not_o so_o call_v from_o the_o cold_a as_o with_o we_o but_o from_o the_o rain_n which_o then_o fall_v for_o in_o these_o month_n be_v great_a drought_n because_o that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o former_a rain_n be_v extract_v by_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o earth_n yet_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v not_o number_v four_o season_n but_o only_o two_o summer_n and_o winter_n or_o rather_o a_o dry_a and_o a_o rainy_a season_n beside_o these_o rain_n there_o be_v frequent_a storm_n on_o the_o coast_n and_o also_o thunder_v in_o those_o rainy_a month_n so_o that_o the_o sea_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v then_o shut_v up_o and_o many_o river_n then_o overflow_v the_o sea_n be_v open_a again_o in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n and_o then_o ship_n put_v forth_o to_o sea_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n into_o various_a part_n of_o the_o world_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o violent_a rain_n in_o these_o place_n in_o the_o field_n except_o some_o storm_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o cease_v for_o many_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n therefore_o it_o afford_v the_o inhabitant_n a_o time_n of_o plant_v and_o sow_v which_o they_o do_v in_o these_o watery_a month_n the_o air_n also_o be_v of_o a_o moderate_a heat_n at_o that_o time_n because_o the_o sun_n be_v obstruct_v with_o cloud_n so_o that_o the_o remote_a inhabitant_n expatiate_v from_o the_o shore_n to_o the_o hill_n and_o field_n for_o recreation_n where_o the_o inundation_n be_v not_o great_a and_o incredible_a fertility_n be_v acquire_v to_o the_o earth_n by_o this_o rain_n but_o if_o these_o rain_n fall_v not_o on_o the_o year_n as_o in_o anno_fw-la 1630._o which_o seldom_o happen_v than_o all_o hope_n of_o sow_v and_o consequent_o harvest_n be_v take_v away_o thence_o come_v scarcity_n of_o corn_n a_o hot_a sultery_n air_n burn_v fever_n pestilence_n and_o death_n of_o thousand_o of_o people_n in_o the_o say_a year_n 1630_o 1630._o a_o great_a famine_n in_o camboja_n in_o 1630._o and_o the_o year_n follow_v man_n flesh_n be_v public_o sell_v in_o the_o shambles_n in_o camboja_n sometime_o the_o shore_n do_v so_o rage_v that_o the_o house_n which_o be_v but_o slight_o build_v fall_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o river_n they_o sow_v in_o may_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o june_n and_o reap_v in_o november_n and_o december_n it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o guiny_n this_o summer_n and_o this_o winter_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o celestial_a course_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n and_o august_n the_o sun_n be_v vertical_a to_o those_o place_n or_o very_o near_o the_o vertex_fw-la therefore_o they_o must_v have_v heat_n and_o drought_n this_o be_v the_o great_a felicity_n of_o those_o place_n
gueye_v timocove_n etc._n etc._n who_o have_v in_o part_n take_v and_o receive_v the_o manner_n and_o barbarousness_n of_o the_o tartar_n their_o neighbour_n place_n its_o part_n and_o chief_a place_n cochin-china_n likewise_o be_v divide_v into_o chiampaa_n and_o cochin-china_n chiampaa_o between_o camboja_n and_o cochin-china_n regard_v the_o isle_n of_o sonde_n towards_o the_o south_n the_o philippines_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o touch_v on_o tunquin_n to_o the_o north._n it_o be_v principal_a city_n bear_v the_o same_o name_n according_a to_o most_o author_n but_o according_a to_o other_o pulocacein_o it_o have_v nothing_o which_o be_v not_o common_a to_o cochin-china_n and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o cochin-china_n particular_o take_v be_v better_a know_v than_o all_o the_o neighbour_a country_n because_o it_o be_v whole_o upon_o the_o sea_n have_v 150_o league_n of_o coast_n and_o not_o above_o 40_o or_o 50_o in_o breadth_n between_o the_o mountain_n of_o kemois_n a_o barbarous_a people_n and_o the_o sea_n its_o province_n be_v descend_v from_o north_n to_o south_n sinuva_n cacciam_fw-la quangiva_fw-la quingin_n or_o pulacambis_n and_o ranran_n the_o two_o first_o touch_n upon_o tunquin_n the_o last_o touch_n on_o the_o kingdom_n of_o chiampaa_n the_o king_n make_v his_o ordinary_a residence_n in_o the_o province_n of_o sinuva_n or_o at_o cacciam_fw-la city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n with_o their_o province_n people_n it_o be_v fertility_n commodity_n temperature_n and_o people_n all_o the_o country_n be_v fertile_a abound_v in_o rice_n fruit_n and_o herb_n breed_v many_o fowl_n and_o beast_n and_o the_o sea_n excellent_a fish_n it_o produce_v cinnamon_n pepper_n lignum_fw-la aquilae_fw-la calamba_n and_o benjamin_n it_o be_v temperature_n be_v pleasant_a though_o under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o air_n healthful_a and_o the_o soil_n so_o abundant_a in_o all_o thing_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v no_o knowledge_n either_o of_o contagion_n or_o famine_n they_o have_v gold_n silver_n silk_n porcelain_n and_o divers_a other_o valuable_a commodity_n all_o sort_n of_o nation_n frequent_v its_o coast_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o goodness_n of_o its_o port_n and_o because_o its_o inhabitant_n be_v courteous_a liberal_a kind_a to_o stranger_n and_o faithful_a in_o their_o deal_n they_o be_v courageous_a and_o more_o warlike_a than_o those_o of_o tunquin_n or_o china_n handle_v all_o sort_n of_o arm_n with_o no_o small_a activity_n they_o be_v idolater_n christianity_n be_v introduce_v in_o 1620_o and_o begin_v to_o flourish_v but_o their_o king_n have_v of_o date_n very_o much_o persecute_v they_o among_o the_o particularity_n and_o rarity_n of_o the_o country_n we_o must_v place_v the_o lutt_n a_o inundation_n which_o in_o autumn_n cover_v with_o its_o water_n almost_o all_o the_o country_n it_o renew_v from_o 15_o to_o 15_o day_n remain_v only_o 3_o day_n at_o a_o time_n make_v the_o earth_n so_o fruitful_a that_o it_o bring_v forth_o its_o increase_n twice_o or_o thrice_o a_o year_n their_o saroyboura_a find_v several_a rarity_n here_o find_v or_o matter_n wherewith_o certain_a swallow_n make_v their_o nest_n which_o after_o those_o bird_n leave_v dry_a and_o harden_a they_o gather_v in_o great_a quantity_n which_o be_v steep_v and_o moisten_v in_o water_n serve_v for_o sauce_n to_o all_o sort_n of_o meat_n and_o as_o former_o manna_n communicate_v such_o a_o variety_n of_o taste_n that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v compose_v of_o cinnamon_n clove_n pepper_n and_o other_o spice_n their_o lignum_fw-la aquilae_fw-la and_o calamba_n come_v from_o the_o same_o tree_n the_o first_o from_o the_o trunk_n of_o a_o young_a tree_n the_o last_o from_o the_o trunk_n of_o a_o old_a tree_n but_o this_o last_o be_v much_o more_o esteem_v than_o the_o other_o both_o for_o its_o odour_n and_o virtue_n a_o pound_n of_o it_o on_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v beat_v down_o be_v worth_a 5_o ducat_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o port_n 15_o or_o 16_o and_o if_o transport_v to_o japan_n 200._o if_o some_o piece_n be_v find_v to_o make_v a_o whole_a pillar_n it_o be_v worth_a 3_o or_o 400_o ducat_n the_o pound_n the_o lignum_fw-la aquilae_fw-la among_o other_o thing_n serve_v to_o burn_v the_o dead_a body_n of_o their_o king_n prince_n and_o priest_n burn_v wood_n as_o heavy_a as_o iron_n and_o which_o consume_v not_o except_o burn_v among_o the_o wood_n they_o use_v for_o building_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n which_o they_o call_v uncorruptible_a whether_o in_o water_n or_o earth_n their_o tree_n they_o call_v thin_n the_o wood_n of_o the_o one_o be_v near_o as_o black_a as_o ebony_n the_o other_o near_o the_o colour_n of_o yew_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o take_v out_o of_o the_o bark_n be_v smooth_a and_o glib_a so_o solid_a and_o weighty_a that_o it_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n and_o serve_v also_o for_o anchor_n for_o ship_n they_o make_v pillar_n on_o which_o they_o erect_v their_o building_n and_o before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lutt_n they_o drive_v joist_n and_o plank_n between_o those_o column_n and_o with_o cane_n and_o reed_n accommodate_v divers_a apartment_n which_o they_o take_v away_o in_o the_o time_n of_o those_o inundation_n that_o the_o water_n may_v run_v the_o free_a tunqvin_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tunqvin_n be_v part_n on_o the_o sea_n and_o part_n on_o the_o main_a land_n situation_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tunquin_n its_o bound_n extent_n and_o situation_n it_o bound_n on_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o gulf_n of_o cochin-china_n there_o where_o it_o divide_v china_n from_o cochin-china_n and_o have_v about_o 150_o league_n of_o coast_n on_o the_o land_n it_o extend_v itself_o from_o the_o seventeen_o degree_n of_o latitude_n on_o this_o side_n the_o equator_fw-la unto_o the_o twenty_o three_o which_o be_v likewise_o 150_o league_n from_o north_n to_o south_n its_o breadth_n be_v only_o about_o 100_o league_n from_o east_n to_o west_n part_n its_o part_n this_o kingdom_n contain_v seven_o province_n of_o which_o the_o three_o most_o southern_o be_v bochin_n gehan_n and_o tinhoa_n the_o four_o most_o northern_o be_v beramar_n kedom_n kenam_n and_o kethay_n bochin_n touch_v on_o cochin-china_n and_o the_o two_o other_o advance_v along_o the_o gulf_n towards_o the_o north_n among_o the_o four_o last_o beramar_n and_o kedun_n be_v towards_o china_n kenan_n and_o kethay_n towards_o the_o people_n lay_v powerful_a the_o king_n very_o powerful_a the_o king_n of_o tunquin_n ordinary_o entertain_v a_o militia_n of_o 50000_o man_n take_v from_o the_o three_o southern_o province_n and_o pay_v by_o the_o four_o northern_a because_o these_o last_o late_o revolt_v and_o the_o other_o remain_v in_o obedience_n place_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n kecchio_n be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n where_o the_o king_n ordinary_o reside_v it_o be_v not_o above_o twenty_o mile_n in_o circuit_n but_o have_v a_o million_o of_o inhabitant_n some_o author_n will_v have_v it_o call_v tunquin_n that_o be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o west_n and_o that_o the_o kingdom_n take_v its_o name_n from_o it_o the_o land_n have_v beautiful_a plain_n and_o water_v with_o many_o great_a river_n which_o with_o the_o rain_n and_o melt_a of_o the_o snow_n which_o descend_v from_o the_o mountain_n that_o separate_v it_o from_o the_o lay_n the_o kingdom_n of_o ciocangue_n china_n and_o cochin-china_n make_v it_o fruitful_a by_o their_o inundation_n render_v it_o better_o and_o more_o abundant_a than_o cochin-china_n yet_o have_v it_o neither_o corn_n vines_n nor_o olive_n tree_n commodity_n it_o be_v fertiliy_v and_o commodity_n but_o they_o gather_v rice_n twice_o a_o year_n of_o which_o they_o make_v bread_n they_o fetch_v in_o wine_n and_o instead_o of_o oil_n make_v use_v of_o the_o matter_n take_v from_o swallow_n nest_n of_o which_o they_o have_v no_o less_o quantity_n than_o cochin-china_n they_o have_v neither_o ass_n nor_o sheep_n but_o many_o horse_n elephant_n and_o rhinocerote_n who_o flesh_n skin_n bone_n tooth_n nail_n and_o horn_n serve_v for_o antidote_n against_o poison_n they_o have_v so_o much_o pullain_n pigeon_n turtle_n and_o other_o fowl_n that_o they_o give_v they_o almost_o for_o nothing_o among_o their_o fruit_n they_o have_v fair_a pomegranate_n which_o beyond_o the_o ordinary_a excellency_n of_o that_o fruit_n have_v here_o a_o particular_a and_o delightful_a juice_n for_o fish_n they_o make_v account_n that_o in_o the_o season_n there_o daily_o go_v 10000_o bark_n out_o of_o their_o port_n to_o fish_n christianity_n they_o embrace_v christianity_n the_o catholic_n religion_n be_v so_o introduce_v here_o some_o year_n past_a that_o there_o be_v esteem_v to_o be_v more_o than_o 200000_o christen_v soul_n 200_o great_a church_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o chapel_n and_o oratory_n there_o have_v since_o happen_v divers_a change_n in_o these_o kingdom_n the_o portugal_n have_v several_a
about_o the_o meridian_n because_o in_o this_o position_n they_o be_v near_o to_o the_o earth_n almost_o by_o one_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o same_o argument_n be_v valid_a as_o touch_v the_o sun_n also_o for_o his_o diameter_n be_v not_o find_v great_a in_o the_o meridian_n than_o when_o he_o be_v yet_o on_o the_o horizon_n but_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v a_o little_o great_a in_o the_o meridian_n than_o when_o as_o yet_o she_o be_v on_o the_o horizon_n therefore_o in_o the_o meridian_n it_o be_v somewhat_o nigh_o to_o we_o to_o wit_n almost_o one_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n chap._n vii_o concern_v the_o substance_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o earth_n we_o have_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n consider_v the_o quality_n or_o property_n of_o the_o earth_n no_o regard_n be_v take_v of_o its_o substance_n or_o be_v but_o now_o these_o be_v declare_v it_o be_v fit_v we_o consider_v this_o also_o that_o we_o may_v know_v what_o kind_n of_o body_n the_o earth_n be_v and_o how_o its_o part_n cohere_v together_o the_o which_o although_o it_o may_v rather_o rather_o seem_v natural_a yet_o because_o it_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o earth_n we_o will_v here_o handle_v brief_o leave_v the_o accurate_a consideration_n thereof_o to_o the_o natural_a philosopher_n proposition_n i._o to_o declare_v of_o what_o simple_a and_o similar_v body_n the_o earth_n may_v consist_v or_o be_v compound_v of_o earth_n of_o the_o four_o element_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v divers_a opinion_n of_o philosopher_n concern_v this_o matter_n the_o peripatetic_n number_n four_o element_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o whole_a sublunary_a world_n be_v now_o sufficient_o know_v to_o the_o very_a vulgar_a fire_n air_n water_n and_o earth_n many_o of_o the_o ancient_n as_o democritus_n and_o leucippus_n determine_v that_o the_o whole_a world_n consist_v of_o very_o little_a solid_a piece_n which_o differ_v only_o in_o their_o various_a figure_n shape_n and_o magnitude_n and_o they_o many_o of_o the_o late_a philosopher_n do_v follow_v and_o of_o late_a cartesius_n endeavour_v by_o such_o a_o hypothesis_n to_o declare_v all_o natural_a appearance_n chemist_n the_o three_o principle_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o chemist_n chemist_n make_v three_o principle_n sal_fw-la sulphur_n and_o mercury_n to_o who_o some_o do_v right_o add_v caput_fw-la mortuum_fw-la or_o the_o dead_a head_n when_o as_o they_o three_o be_v fruitful_a but_o to_o i_o doubtful_a term_n and_o word_n be_v lay_v aside_o and_o the_o thing_n themselves_o well_o consider_v there_o seem_v to_o be_v five_o simple_a body_n the_o first_o principle_n of_o all_o thing_n thing_n by_o other_o five_o simple_a body_n the_o first_o principle_n of_o all_o thing_n to_o wit_n water_n oil_n or_o sulphur_n salt_n earth_n and_o a_o certain_a spirit_n which_o the_o chemist_n call_v mercury_n for_o indeed_o all_o body_n and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v resolve_v into_o those_o five_o elementary_a substance_n notwithstanding_o i_o deny_v not_o that_o those_o differ_v not_o so_o much_o in_o essence_n as_o in_o the_o singular_a variety_n of_o their_o shape_n and_o magnitude_n therefore_o the_o whole_a earth_n consist_v of_o these_o simple_a body_n which_o be_v divers_a way_n commix_v from_o whence_o arise_v so_o great_a variety_n of_o body_n which_o do_v appear_v different_a from_o one_o another_o and_o similar_v or_o body_n of_o like_a part_n but_o the_o more_o exquisite_a declaration_n of_o these_o point_n belong_v to_o natural_a philosophy_n which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o treat_v of_o more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o first_o volume_n of_o my_o book_n of_o the_o art_n and_o science_n now_o ready_a for_o the_o press_n proposition_n ii_o the_o earth_n be_v divide_v into_o dry_a and_o moist_a part_n or_o into_o earth_n and_o water_n to_o which_o some_o join_v the_o atmosphere_n this_o be_v the_o vulgar_a division_n of_o geographer_n and_o then_o the_o water_n be_v take_v in_o a_o large_a signification_n for_o all_o that_o be_v liquid_a or_o moist_a and_o fluid_a and_o run_a as_o the_o land_n be_v take_v for_o the_o whole_a dry_a and_o consistent_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n nature_n of_o the_o land_n and_o its_o various_a body_n of_o nature_n and_o thereby_o do_v embrace_v and_o comprehend_v such_o various_a body_n of_o nature_n to_o wit_n first_o sand_n loam_n day_n and_o mineral_n earth_n chalk_n cinnaber_n ochre_n terra_fw-la sigiâ—lata_fw-la or_o saracen_n earth_n earth_n of_o samos_n bolearmoniack_n with_o divers_a other_o kind_n of_o earth_n second_o stone_n of_o various_a sort_n the_o chief_a among_o which_o be_v diamond_n emerald_n ruby_n saphire_n etc._n etc._n three_o metal_n among_o which_o be_v gold_n silver_n copper_n tin_n lead_v mercury_n or_o quicksilver_n iron_n steel_n etc._n etc._n four_o brimstone_n salt_n niter_n alom_n bitumen_n vitriol_n antimony_n etc._n etc._n five_o herb_n plant_n etc._n etc._n part_n of_o the_o water_n and_o its_o part_n to_o the_o water_n be_v refer_v first_o the_o sea_n second_o river_n and_o sweet_a water_n three_o lake_n and_o fen_n or_o marsh_n fourthly_a mineral_n water_n as_o hot_a bath_n sour_a water_n etc._n etc._n earth_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n which_o encompass_n the_o earth_n the_o atmosphere_n be_v that_o thin_a and_o subtle_a body_n which_o girt_n and_o encompass_n the_o earth_n towards_o heaven_n and_o contain_v the_o air_n cloud_n shower_n of_o rain_n etc._n etc._n therefore_o into_o these_o three_o part_n the_o earth_n be_v fit_o divide_v proposition_n iii_o to_o expound_v how_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n cleave_v or_o hold_v together_o and_o make_v the_o land_n cavity_n the_o earth_n not_o bound_v with_o one_o superficies_n but_o have_v hollow_a cavity_n 1._o the_o land_n that_o be_v the_o dry_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o bound_v with_o one_o and_o that_o even_a superficies_n or_o surface_n but_o she_o have_v many_o hollow_a cave_n many_o part_n lift_v up_o aloft_o in_o her_o cavity_n cave_n or_o hollow_n which_o be_v here_o and_o there_o find_v round_o about_o the_o whole_a earth_n the_o sea_n or_o ocean_n be_v contain_v and_o therefore_o part_v of_o the_o earthly_a superficies_n be_v cover_v with_o water_n those_o hollow_n or_o cavity_n be_v not_o make_v of_o a_o even_a hollowness_n but_o have_v here_o and_o there_o rock_n and_o elevate_a part_n and_o elsewhere_o they_o have_v gulf_n and_o swallow_n sink_v very_o deep_a so_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n appear_v out_o above_o the_o water_n have_v certain_a as_o it_o be_v navel_v in_o its_o middle_n and_o some_o part_n be_v more_o or_o less_o raise_v up_o or_o sink_v down_o than_o other_o so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o water_n environ_v the_o whole_a earth_n be_v hinder_v that_o it_o overwhelm_v not_o the_o whole_a earth_n but_o the_o high_a part_n and_o such_o as_o appear_v above_o the_o water_n be_v island_n of_o which_o some_o be_v great_a and_o some_o small_a earth_n mouth_n hole_n pipe_n &_o other_o conveyance_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n 2._o beside_o that_o continual_a channel_n in_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o outward_a superficies_n within_o also_o in_o the_o solid_a body_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v innumerable_a mouth_n hole_n swallow_n wind_n conveyance_n deep_n pipe_n and_o huge_a vast_a receiver_n in_o some_o of_o which_o there_o be_v the_o sea_n which_o by_o that_o secret_a conveyance_n be_v join_v to_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o common_a sea_n in_o some_o again_o there_o be_v sweet_a water_n rivers_n stream_n in_o some_o spirit_n or_o else_o a_o sulphury_a and_o smoke_a substance_n seneca_n say_v right_o he_o give_v too_o much_o way_n to_o his_o eyesight_n who_o believe_v not_o that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o hide_a and_o secret_a bosom_n of_o the_o earth_n bay_n of_o a_o vast_a sea_n neither_o do_v i_o perceive_v what_o may_v hinder_v that_o there_o may_v not_o be_v some_o seashore_n and_o the_o sea_n receive_v by_o hide_a passage_n there_o be_v therefore_o no_o cause_n of_o doubt_v of_o there_o be_v many_o hollow_n in_o the_o very_a solid_a earth_n for_o very_o we_o conjecture_v at_o it_o by_o these_o mean_n first_o by_o the_o river_n which_o be_v find_v in_o many_o place_n where_o earth_n be_v dig_v even_o to_o a_o notable_a depth_n which_o be_v frequent_a in_o mine_n second_o in_o some_o place_n the_o profundity_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v beyond_o all_o sound_a or_o measure_n three_o there_o be_v some_o cave_n in_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o hispaniola_n be_v a_o mountain_n of_o a_o great_a height_n be_v hollow_a within_o with_o many_o cave_n in_o which_o river_n of_o water_n be_v throw_v down_o headlong_o with_o so_o great_a sound_n and_o rush_a noise_n of_o stream_n that_o the_o very_a fall_n of_o those_o water_n may_v be_v hear_v
five_o mile_n distance_n four_o some_o gulf_n or_o whirlpool_n be_v find_v in_o the_o sea_n five_o earthquake_n do_v also_o prove_v the_o be_v of_o cavity_n under_o the_o earth_n six_o some_o river_n bury_v themselves_o under_o the_o earth_n as_o niger_n tigris_n etc._n etc._n seven_o salt-spring_n which_o without_o doubt_n for_o the_o great_a part_n spring_n and_o flow_v from_o the_o sea_n be_v find_v in_o many_o place_n eight_o so_o in_o many_o place_n the_o ground_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o man_n walk_v tremble_v and_o shake_v as_o about_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n omer_n in_o flanders_n in_o the_o province_n of_o brabant_n die_v peel_n proposition_n iu._n the_o superficies_n or_o surface_n of_o the_o land_n be_v continual_a but_o that_o of_o the_o water_n be_v not_o so_o indeed_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o land_n appear_v out_o above_o the_o water_n be_v continue_v or_o always_o the_o same_o to_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o this_o of_o the_o sea_n again_o be_v continue_v to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o land_n appear_v above_o river_n one_o continual_a superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n bays_n and_o river_n so_o there_o be_v one_o continual_a superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n the_o bays_n and_o river_n but_o not_o of_o all_o water_n because_o there_o be_v some_o lake_n which_o be_v not_o join_v with_o the_o ocean_n in_o the_o superficies_n as_o the_o lake_n parime_n and_o the_o caspian_a sea_n proposition_n v._o it_o be_v certain_a how_o or_o in_o what_o manner_n the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o surface_n that_o be_v from_o our_o habitation_n towards_o the_o centre_n some_o man_n think_v that_o the_o water_n be_v in_o the_o bottom_n about_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n loadstone_n the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n within_o according_a to_o gilbert_n a_o english_a man_n be_v a_o hard_a loadstone_n but_o it_o be_v most_o likely_a true_a that_o the_o earth_n occupy_v that_o place_n gilbert_n a_o english_a man_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n within_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o most_o hard_a loadstone_n but_o that_o those_o part_n to_o which_o man_n have_v admittance_n by_o dig_v and_o in_o which_o herb_n grow_v and_o we_o also_o live_v be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o shell_n or_o crust_n of_o the_o earth_n wherein_o continual_a generation_n and_o corruption_n be_v make_v scheme_n make_v see_v fig._n but_o cartesius_n be_v of_o a_o different_a opinion_n see_v scheme_n cartesius_n his_o opinion_n be_v not_o much_o different_a from_o this_o who_o think_v that_o there_o be_v three_o region_n or_o part_n of_o divers_a substance_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o most_o inward_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n he_o deem_v to_o be_v about_o the_o centre_n thereof_o the_o second_o he_o judge_v to_o be_v thick_a and_o dusky_a of_o very_o small_a part_n the_o three_o he_o think_v wherein_o man_n be_v employ_v to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o little_a parcel_n not_o well_o cleave_v together_o but_o indeed_o touch_v this_o thing_n there_o can_v scarce_o any_o certainty_n be_v affirm_v it_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o hotbath_n that_o in_o very_a many_o place_n under_o the_o earth_n fire_n and_o fume_n be_v lift_v up_o from_o sulphur_n proposition_n vi_o the_o consistency_n or_o stand_v and_o fast_o cleave_v together_o of_o the_o earth_n be_v from_o salt_n salt_n in_o all_o kind_n of_o earth_n may_v be_v find_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o salt_n the_o artificial_a resolve_v of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n show_v that_o in_o all_o earth_n may_v be_v find_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o salt_n and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o as_o the_o hard_a the_o body_n be_v a_o few_o oily_a one_o be_v except_v as_o in_o metal_n stone_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o the_o concretion_n or_o hard_o grow_v together_o of_o all_o thing_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o salt_n be_v manifest_a by_o stone_n which_o we_o may_v by_o art_n make_v very_o hard_a with_o salt_n burr_n if_o you_o separate_v the_o salt_n from_o the_o earth_n she_o will_v no_o long_o cleave_v or_o stick_v together_o but_o will_v be_v a_o powder_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v reduce_v to_o hardness_n without_o the_o admixtion_n of_o salt_n thereto_o proposition_n vii_o the_o kind_n of_o earth_n be_v divers_a way_n mix_v together_o in_o the_o earth_n mine_n of_o metal_n find_v in_o mine_n thus_o in_o mine_n be_v find_v small_a piece_n of_o gold_n silver_n lead_v etc._n etc._n not_o heap_v together_o and_o join_v apart_o from_o other_o but_o both_o mix_v among_o themselves_o and_o also_o with_o unprofitable_a earth_n according_a to_o the_o least_o part_n that_o artificer_n not_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n but_o by_o divers_a sign_n do_v find_v out_o what_o may_v be_v contain_v in_o any_o metalline_a earth_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n in_o the_o field_n sand_n be_v mix_v with_o clay_n or_o loam_n lime_n salt_n etc._n etc._n amsterdam_n of_o the_o different_a sort_n of_o earth_n as_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o well_o dig_v at_o amsterdam_n when_o as_o on_o a_o certain_a time_n at_o amsterdam_n for_o make_v a_o well_o the_o earth_n be_v dig_v out_o even_o to_o the_o depth_n of_o 232_o foot_n these_o sort_n of_o earth_n be_v show_v to_o the_o beholder_n viz._n of_o garden-earth_n 7_o foot_n of_o black-earth_n fit_v for_o fire_n which_o be_v call_v peat_n 9_o foot_n of_o soft-clay_n 9_o foot_n of_o sand_n 8_o foot_n of_o earth_n 4_o foot_n of_o clay_n 10_o foot_n of_o earth_n 4_o foot_n of_o sand_n upon_o which_o the_o house_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v ram_v and_o pave_v 10_o foot_n of_o clay_n 2_o foot_n of_o white-loam_n 4_o foot_n of_o dry-earth_n 5_o foot_n of_o muddy_a 1_o foot_n of_o sand_n 14_o foot_n of_o sandy-clay_n 3_o foot_n of_o sand_n mix_v with_o clay_n 5_o foot_n of_o sand_n mix_v with_o sea-fish_n shell_n 4_o foot_n than_o a_o bottom_n of_o clay_n to_o the_o depth_n of_o 102_o foot_n and_o last_o of_o loam_n 31_o foot_n where_o the_o dig_v cease_v and_o they_o come_v to_o water_n the_o figure_n of_o which_o see_v among_o the_o scheme_n proposition_n viii_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o as_o well_o the_o outward_a disposition_n thereof_o and_o the_o position_n of_o its_o part_n be_v not_o perpetual_o the_o same_o but_o be_v at_o divers_a time_n divers_a substance_n the_o water_n of_o the_o seamake_v divers_a change_n and_o ruin_n in_o the_o earth_n where_o likewise_o lie_v hide_v spirit_n and_o sulphureous_a substance_n indeed_o not_o only_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n make_v divers_a change_n and_o ruin_n in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n whilst_o certain_a hole_n be_v stop_v up_o some_o be_v make_v more_o broad_a but_o also_o spirit_n and_o sulphury_a substance_n lie_v hide_v here_o and_o there_o in_o the_o earth_n when_o they_o begin_v to_o increase_v and_o to_o be_v resolve_v into_o vapour_n do_v impetuous_o shake_v and_o thrust_v forward_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o earthquake_n and_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o such_o like_a motion_n be_v make_v in_o the_o interior_a part_n and_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o we_o feel_v not_o neither_o perceive_v but_o we_o will_v speak_v of_o the_o mutual_a change_n of_o the_o water_n and_o earth_n in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o eighteen_o chapter_n the_o earth_n be_v divide_v into_o land_n and_o water_n the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n extant_a out_o of_o the_o water_n by_o the_o interflux_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v distinguish_v into_o these_o four_o part_n 1._o into_o great_a continent_n or_o great_a island_n of_o which_o four_o be_v reckon_v by_o we_o 1._o the_o old_a world_n who_o part_n be_v asia_n africa_n and_o europe_n the_o bound_n of_o this_o continent_n be_v on_o the_o north_n the_o freeze_a and_o tartarian_a ocean_n on_o the_o east_n the_o pacifick_n and_o indian_a ocean_n on_o the_o south_n the_o southern_a ocean_n on_o the_o west_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n 2._o the_o new_a world_n or_o america_n who_o part_n be_v meridionalis_fw-la septentrionalis_n the_o bound_n of_o it_o be_v on_o the_o north_n davis_n streights_n on_o the_o east_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o south_n the_o pacifick_n ocean_n on_o the_o west_n the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n 3._o the_o polary_a north-land_n or_o greenland_n be_v every_o where_o encompass_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o streights_n 4._o the_o south-land_n and_o land_n of_o magellan_n yet_o undiscovered_a 2._o into_o peninsulas_fw-la or_o chersonesus_n which_o be_v part_n of_o those_o continent_n round_o who_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n be_v equal_a about_o africa_n itself_o peloponesus_fw-la the_o chersonesus_n of_o grecia_n chersonesus_n taurica_n or_o tartary_n
precopensis_n cambaja_n long_o among_o which_o be_v the_o chersonesus_n of_o malacca_n adjoin_v to_o india_n cimbrica_n or_o jutland_n adhere_v to_o holsatia_n borea_fw-la adjoin_v to_o tartary_n the_o north_n and_o south_n part_n of_o america_n california_n jucatan_n the_o chersonesus_n of_o thracia_n nova_fw-la francia_n jonia_n cindensis_n mindensis_fw-la of_o affinity_n to_o peninsulas_fw-la italy_n greece_n acaia_n spain_n norway_n sweden_n lapland_n asia_n minor_fw-la arabia_n beach_n a_o region_n of_o magellan_n and_o new_a guiney_n indostan_n cochinchina_n new-england_n monomotapa_n camboia_n 3._o island_n which_o may_v be_v consider_v in_o four_o sort_n viz._n great_a as_o england_n japan_n island_n canada_n sumatra_n madagascar_n borneo_n nova_fw-la zembla_n california_n indifferent_a as_o sicilia_n ireland_n hispaniola_n cuba_n java_n major_a celebe_n crect_n luconia_n sardinia_n friesland_n terra_fw-la nova_fw-la mindanoa_n ceilan_n small_a as_o gilolo_n amboina_fw-la timor_fw-la corsica_n majorca_n cyprus_n negropont_n sealand_n jamaica_n the_o very_a small_a one_o in_o which_o we_o consider_v 1._o the_o more_o famous_a solitaria_fw-la rhodes_n malta_n lemnos_n helena_n st._n thomas_n 2._o a_o knot_n or_o heap_v of_o isle_n together_o as_o the_o canary_n isles_n the_o flandrian_a or_o caribbe_n isle_n the_o hesperides_n those_o of_o the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n of_o maldives_n of_o japan_n about_o madagascar_n the_o moluccoe_n and_o isle_n of_o bauda_n the_o philippine_n isle_n the_o isle_n of_o thief_n the_o isle_n in_o the_o aegean_a sea_n the_o isle_n about_o england_n the_o isle_n of_o solomon_n 4._o the_o isthmuse_n between_o egypt_n and_o arabia_n or_o africa_n and_o asia_n that_o of_o corinth_n between_o peloponesus_fw-la and_o achaia_n the_o isthmus_n of_o panama_n or_o america_n the_o long_a of_o all_o between_o jutland_n and_o holsatia_n between_o malacca_n and_o india_n of_o absolute_a geography_n sect_n iii_o wherein_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o land_n or_o the_o dry_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o four_o chapter_n be_v declare_v chap._n viii_o concern_v the_o natural_a division_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n make_v from_o the_o ocean_n flow_v round_o about_o it_o the_o thing_n which_o in_o this_o chapter_n we_o shall_v deliver_v concern_v the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o in_o the_o fifteen_o chapter_n we_o shall_v teach_v touch_v the_o division_n of_o the_o sea_n will_v great_o facilitate_v the_o young_a student_n in_o the_o understanding_n the_o distinction_n of_o the_o surface_n and_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o fix_v they_o the_o fast_o in_o the_o memory_n they_o be_v careful_o and_o full_o to_o be_v read_v and_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o terrestrial_a artificial_a globe_n and_o map_n proposition_n i._n a_o certain_a portion_n of_o earth_n be_v cover_v with_o water_n and_o a_o certain_a part_n stand_v out_o above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n water_n of_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n cover_v and_o of_o part_n not_o cover_v with_o water_n but_o yet_o there_o be_v some_o part_n which_o at_o some_o time_n be_v cover_v with_o water_n and_o some_o part_n be_v free_a from_o they_o and_o conspicuous_a as_o many_o island_n by_o norway_n scotland_n and_o other_o country_n add_v to_o these_o the_o bed_n or_o shelf_n of_o sand_n and_o seashore_n but_o see_v these_o part_n be_v so_o small_a we_o take_v no_o account_n of_o they_o at_o present_a neither_o will_v we_o move_v that_o question_n here_o whether_o the_o land_n take_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o whether_o the_o water_n we_o will_v treat_v of_o this_o brief_o in_o the_o eighteen_o chapter_n now_o we_o will_v confider_v the_o part_n stand_v up_o or_o extant_a above_o the_o water_n and_o we_o will_v call_v it_o land_n or_o island_n proposition_n ii_o sort_n the_o earth_n stand_v out_o above_o the_o water_n not_o one_o but_o many_o land_n of_o which_o may_v be_v five_o sort_n the_o land_n or_o earth_n stand_v out_o above_o the_o water_n be_v not_o one_o and_o continual_a but_o many_o land_n divide_v and_o disjoin_v from_o one_o another_o by_o the_o water_n flow_v it_o between_o they_o we_o will_v make_v five_o difference_n of_o they_o to_o wit_n 1._o the_o great_a land_n or_o island_n 2._o the_o great_a one_o 3._o the_o mean_a one_o 4._o the_o little_a one_o and_o 5._o the_o least_o one_o we_o will_v treat_v of_o the_o cause_n and_o original_n of_o these_o land_n extant_a or_o above_o the_o water_n or_o of_o the_o island_n in_o the_o eighteen_o chapter_n for_o there_o will_v be_v a_o more_o commodious_a place_n to_o treat_v of_o this_o matter_n or_o subject_n but_o all_o land_n extant_a above_o the_o water_n be_v to_o be_v call_v island_n see_v that_o a_o island_n be_v no_o other_o thing_n then_o a_o land_n begird_v with_o water_n island_n all_o land_n extant_a above_o the_o water_n may_v be_v call_v island_n yet_o the_o common_a use_n of_o speak_v have_v take_v away_o from_o the_o great_a land_n this_o name_n because_o that_o they_o be_v so_o great_a and_o of_o such_o a_o huge_a tract_n and_o continuance_n that_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o water_n be_v thereby_o the_o less_o to_o be_v perceive_v insomuch_o that_o they_o be_v usual_o call_v the_o firm_a land_n and_o also_o great_a continent_n and_o indeed_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o vast_a bulk_n and_o greatness_n unto_o which_o the_o magnitude_n of_o other_o island_n be_v compare_v be_v small_a they_o deserve_v this_o peculiar_a name_n therefore_o we_o will_v also_o call_v they_o firm_a land_n and_o great_a continent_n proposition_n iii_o four_o the_o firm_a land_n four_o the_o great_a land_n continent_n or_o island_n not_o contend_v with_o any_o about_o their_o name_n be_v four_o first_o the_o old_a world_n second_o the_o new_a world_n or_o america_n three_o the_o polar_a land_n arctic_a or_o arctic_a world_n and_o four_o the_o south-land_n or_o magellanick_n land_n etc._n the_o old_a world_n most_o famous_a with_o its_o bound_n etc._n etc._n the_o old_a world_n the_o most_o famous_a of_o those_o four_o and_o only_o know_v of_o the_o ancient_n which_o we_o inhabit_v be_v common_o divide_v by_o the_o sea_n into_o two_o part_n but_o join_v together_o by_o a_o isthmus_n or_o narrow_a neck_n of_o land_n one_o whereof_o be_v africa_n and_o the_o other_o asia_n and_o europe_n it_o be_v environ_v by_o the_o ocean_n in_o this_o manner_n from_o the_o east_n by_o the_o chinean_a ocean_n and_o the_o pacifick_n sea_n from_o the_o south_n by_o the_o indian_a ocean_n and_o aethiopick_n sea_n from_o the_o west_n by_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n and_o from_o the_o north_n by_o the_o freeze_a or_o north_n sea_n the_o white_a sea_n and_o tartarian_a ocean_n the_o division_n of_o this_o continent_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v be_v make_v by_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o the_o arabic_a bay_n or_o red-sea_n europe_n africa_n divide_v from_o asia_n and_o europe_n for_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o bay_n that_o be_v the_o latitude_n or_o breadth_n of_o the_o intercedent_a tract_n be_v not_o great_a than_o about_o 30_o mile_n if_o which_o be_v away_o africa_n will_v make_v a_o peculiar_a firm_a land_n and_o will_v increase_v the_o number_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o old_a world_n towards_o the_o east_n be_v but_o a_o very_a little_a space_n from_o the_o new_a world_n or_o america_n new_a the_o distance_n of_o the_o old_a world_n from_o the_o new_a about_o the_o straight_a of_o anian_n if_o only_o this_o be_v existent_a in_o the_o universe_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o distance_n of_o europe_n from_o america_n be_v also_o very_o little_a between_o norway_n and_o newfoundland_n also_o the_o old_a world_n be_v but_o a_o very_a small_a distance_n from_o the_o pole_n artick-land_n about_o the_o straight_a of_o waigat_n from_o the_o south_n polar_a or_o magellan_n about_o new_a guiney_n the_o new_a world_n or_o america_n be_v thus_o begird_v by_o the_o ocean_n on_o the_o east_n by_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n etc._n the_o new_a world_n with_o its_o bound_n etc._n etc._n on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o magellanick_n straight_o on_o the_o west_n by_o the_o pacifick_n sea_n and_o on_o the_o north_n by_o a_o sea_n unknown_a or_o uncertain_a except_o davis_n straight_o this_o world_n also_o want_v but_o little_a but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v cut_v into_o two_o island_n to_o wit_n at_o panama_n and_o nombre_n de_fw-fr dios_fw-es where_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o pacifick_n and_o atlantic_a ocean_n be_v by_o a_o small_a tract_n of_o earth_n intercept_v it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o old_a world_n a_o very_a little_a space_n as_o before_o note_v etc._n the_o polar_a arctic_a and_o south_n land_n with_o its_o bound_n etc._n etc._n the_o polar_a arctic_a and_o the_o south_n or_o austral_a land_n be_v begird_v round_o with_o the_o sea_n the_o first_o with_o the_o north_n sea_n who_o part_n be_v
the_o strait_n of_o davis_n waigat_n and_o anian_a this_o south-land_n with_o the_o pacifick-sea_n indian_a ocean_n and_o magellanick_n streight_n the_o polar_a arctic_a land_n have_v a_o very_a little_a distance_n at_o the_o straight_a of_o waigat_n from_o the_o old_a world_n from_o america_n at_o the_o straight_a of_o davis_n but_o it_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o south-land_n by_o a_o huge_a space_n the_o polar_a austral_a or_o rather_o the_o south-land_n be_v very_o nigh_o to_o the_o old_a world_n at_o the_o run_v out_o tract_n of_o new_a guiney_n as_o also_o to_o america_n at_o the_o straight_a of_o magellan_n but_o concern_v the_o south-land_n only_o we_o have_v assure_o discover_v that_o it_o be_v round_o about_o environ_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o rest_n concern_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o land_n to_o wit_n the_o old_a world_n america_n and_o the_o pole_n arctic_a world_n the_o matter_n and_o discovery_n be_v not_o yet_o certain_a whether_o they_o be_v round_o about_o begird_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o separate_v from_o one_o another_o but_o yet_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a they_o be_v so_o by_o reason_n of_o divers_a bay_n and_o entrance_n of_o start_n run_v within_o the_o earth_n the_o south-land_n only_o as_o yet_o be_v full_o sail_v about_o this_o can_v not_o be_v hitherto_o perform_v in_o the_o rest_n for_o the_o old_a world_n as_o yet_o have_v not_o be_v sail_v round_o beyond_o waigat_n straight_o although_o the_o whole_a western_a southern_a eastern_a shore_n have_v be_v view_v and_o that_o but_o a_o little_a part_n of_o the_o north_n shore_n remain_v to_o be_v discover_v america_n have_v be_v sail_v round_o only_a part_n of_o her_o septentrional_a shore_n be_v except_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o the_o strait_n or_o narrow_a sea_n thus_o have_v we_o declare_v the_o place_n of_o the_o great_a island_n or_o continent_n proposition_n iu._n ilandâ—_n ten_o great_a ilandâ—_n we_o reckon_v up_o ten_o great_a island_n on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v these_o follow_v 1._o britain_n comprehend_v england_n and_o scotland_n it_o be_v esteem_v the_o great_a of_o all_o island_n which_o be_v common_o so_o call_v those_o be_v exclude_v which_o in_o the_o forego_n proposition_n we_o have_v relate_v at_o large_a 2._o japan_n which_o in_o map_n and_o globe_n have_v a_o lesser_a magnitude_n than_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v for_o they_o which_o have_v be_v there_o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v as_o great_a if_o not_o great_a than_o britain_n 3._o luconia_n one_o of_o the_o philippine_n isle_n which_o also_o from_o its_o metropolitan_a town_n be_v call_v manilha_n 4._o madagascar_n or_o st._n laurence_n seat_v on_o the_o eastern_a shore_n of_o africa_n 5._o sumatra_n one_o of_o the_o indian_a isle_n 6._o borneo_n not_o far_o from_o sumatra_n 7._o island_n not_o far_o from_o norway_n 8._o newfoundland_n nigh_o unto_o canada_n 9_o between_o davis_n streight_n and_o hudson_n straight_o in_o the_o northern_a ocean_n lie_v a_o great_a island_n about_o the_o polar_a land_n which_o according_a to_o visher_n universal_a table_n be_v in_o form_n round_o 10._o nova_fw-la zembla_n nigh_o unto_o russia_n to_o these_o be_v california_n to_o be_v also_o number_v if_o that_o be_v a_o island_n which_o it_o be_v esteem_v to_o be_v and_o not_o a_o part_n of_o america_n proposition_n v._n we_o number_v up_o ten_o mean_a island_n on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n viz._n 1._o java_n one_o of_o the_o indian_a isle_n 2._o cuba_n nigh_o unto_o hispaniola_n 3._o hispaniola_n 4._o ireland_n nigh_o unto_o england_n 5._o crete_n or_o candia_n not_o far_o from_o greece_n 6._o sicily_n nigh_o unto_o italy_n 7._o ceylan_n one_o of_o the_o indian_a isle_n 8._o mindanao_n one_o of_o the_o philippine_n isle_n 9_o sardinia_n seat_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n 10._o celebe_n in_o the_o indian_a ocean_n to_o these_o may_v be_v number_v friezland_n a_o isle_n not_o far_o from_o island_n proposition_n vi._n isle_n ten_o little_a isle_n we_o will_v also_o number_v ten_o little_a island_n on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o wit_n 1._o gilolo_n one_o of_o the_o indian_a isle_n 2._o amboina_fw-la not_o far_o from_o gilolo_n 3._o timor_fw-la one_o of_o the_o indian_a isle_n 4._o jamaica_n in_o the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n 5._o sealand_n in_o denmark_n 6._o corsica_n seat_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n 7._o eubaea_n now_o negropont_n seat_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n 8._o majorca_n nigh_o unto_o spain_n 9_o cyprus_n 10._o isabel_n in_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n there_o be_v more_o island_n which_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o this_o rank_n but_o we_o shall_v refer_v they_o to_o the_o last_o order_n of_o they_o as_o more_o commodious_a proposition_n vii_o isle_n the_o least_o isle_n of_o the_o least_o island_n there_o be_v almost_o a_o innumerable_a multitude_n on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n among_o which_o these_o follow_a deserve_v a_o peculiar_a consideration_n first_o the_o famous_a solitary_a island_n second_o those_o which_o be_v find_v in_o great_a number_n in_o some_o tract_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o for_o their_o neighbourhood_n be_v comprehend_v under_o one_o name_n we_o shall_v term_v they_o in_o general_a a_o body_n or_o fry_n of_o island_n because_o we_o be_v leave_v destitute_a of_o a_o more_o fit_a name_n the_o tract_n of_o sea_n wherein_o these_o isle_n lie_v be_v call_v the_o archipelago_n the_o notable_a solitary_a island_n be_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n rhodes_n malta_n ivisa_fw-la minorca_n chios_n cephalonia_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n between_o africa_n and_o brazile_n lie_v the_o island_n of_o st._n helen_n where_o also_o the_o island_n of_o the_o ascension_n the_o isle_n of_o st._n thomas_n be_v place_v in_o the_o very_a equator_fw-la the_o island_n madera_n over_o against_o the_o gaditan_a streight_n zocotora_fw-la seat_v before_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o arabian_a bay_n gothland_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n among_o the_o notable_a solitary_a isle_n those_o be_v also_o worthy_a of_o remembrance_n which_o swim_v on_o the_o water_n of_o which_o see_v chapter_n eighteen_o proposition_n viii_o there_o be_v fifteen_o fry_n or_o file_n of_o the_o least_o island_n number_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n isle_n the_o lesser_a isle_n to_o wit_n 1._o the_o canary_n island_n in_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n 2._o the_o isle_n of_o azore_n in_o the_o northern_a sea_n 3._o the_o island_n of_o hesperide_n or_o the_o green_a island_n over_o against_o cape_n verd._n 4._o the_o island_n of_o maldives_n in_o indian_a ocean_n 5._o the_o lucar_n island_n between_o florida_n and_o cuba_n nigh_o unto_o america_n 6._o the_o prince_n island_n between_o hispaniola_n and_o america_n to_o which_o i_o refer_v and_o reduce_v all_o the_o least_o island_n seat_v in_o the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n 7._o the_o camercan_a isle_n lie_v before_o hispaniola_n 8._o the_o mascarenian_a island_n between_o madagascar_n and_o africa_n 9_o the_o molucco_n island_n seat_v in_o the_o indian_a ocean_n 10._o the_o philippine_n island_n in_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n 11._o the_o aegean_a island_n 12._o the_o japonian_a isle_n 13._o the_o island_n of_o solomon_n in_o the_o pacifick_n sea_n 14._o the_o isle_n of_o thief_n in_o the_o archipelago_n of_o st._n lazarus_n 15._o the_o isle_n of_o banda_n nigh_o unto_o java_n 16._o the_o island_n situate_a near_o england_n and_o scotland_n as_o the_o hebrides_n orcades_n sourling_n sporades_n etc._n etc._n 17._o the_o island_n between_o the_o magellanick_n streight_n and_o the_o straight_a le_fw-fr maire_n reckon_v other_o isle_n may_v be_v reckon_v here_o i_o do_v not_o reckon_v to_o these_o those_o island_n which_o lie_v close_o on_o the_o shore_n of_o some_o continent_n in_o great_a number_n as_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n norway_n brazile_n davises_n streight_n etc._n etc._n unto_o this_o rank_n also_o the_o island_n in_o great_a river_n be_v to_o be_v refer_v and_o marshal_v as_o such_o as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o river_n nile_n in_o the_o river_n of_o st._n laurence_n of_o canada_n in_o the_o river_n wolga_n and_o in_o some_o other_o river_n as_o also_o those_o which_o be_v in_o certain_a lake_n as_o in_o the_o lake_n zembre_n a_o lake_n in_o africa_n in_o south_n america_n where_o the_o island_n of_o lead_n be_v situate_a in_o a_o lake_n etc._n etc._n but_o all_o or_o most_o of_o these_o isle_n especial_o these_o aforego_n together_o with_o several_a other_o i_o have_v large_o treat_v of_o in_o the_o geographical_a description_n of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o world_n in_o their_o fit_a place_n to_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o reader_n proposition_n ix_o the_o part_n of_o all_o land_n or_o island_n be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o shape_n or_o figure_n but_o be_v unlike_a the_o more_o famous_a difference_n of_o these_o be_v a_o peninsula_n and_o a_o isthmus_n
therefore_o determine_v to_o make_v demonstration_n à _fw-la priori_fw-la by_o which_o archimedes_n prove_v concern_v all_o liquid_a body_n that_o the_o superficies_n be_v spherical_a this_o suppose_a as_o a_o thing_n certain_a consist_v in_o the_o earth_n or_o in_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o archimedes_n suppose_v in_o his_o demonstration_n three_o thing_n archimedes_n the_o demonstration_n of_o archimedes_n 1._o in_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o the_o earth_n have_v some_o kind_n of_o centre_n and_o therefore_o be_v of_o a_o spherical_a figure_n 2._o that_o this_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o all_o liquid_a body_n that_o the_o part_n of_o they_o lie_v equal_o or_o in_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o continuous_a among_o themselves_o the_o lesser_a press_v be_v expel_v by_o the_o more_o press_v which_o he_o show_v from_o experience_n 3._o that_o every_o part_n of_o a_o liquid_a body_n be_v press_v by_o the_o liquid_a body_n above_o it_o to_o the_o perpendicular_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n if_o so_o be_v that_o this_o liquid_a body_n be_v descend_v or_o press_v by_o some_o other_o body_n beside_o these_o three_o supposition_n archimedes_n use_v a_o certain_a geometrical_a proposition_n which_o be_v not_o find_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o element_n and_o therefore_o he_o demonstrate_v the_o same_o which_o be_v this_o if_o any_o superficies_n be_v cut_v from_o whatsoever_o place_n pass_v through_o one_o point_n and_o every_o section_n be_v the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n have_v that_o point_n its_o centre_n this_o superficies_n be_v spherical_a who_o centre_n shall_v be_v the_o point_n name_v now_o this_o be_v very_o easy_a to_o show_v for_o let_v the_o superficies_n of_o any_o body_n be_v cut_v through_o the_o point_n d_o in_o the_o plain_n i_o f_o k_n e_o p_o scheme_n see_v scheme_n and_o let_v the_o line_n of_o the_o section_n i_o f_o k_n e_o p_o be_v the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n have_v it_o for_o its_o centre_n and_o in_o every_o section_n make_v by_o d_o let_v the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n have_v the_o centre_n d_o be_v find_v we_o must_v show_v that_o this_o superficies_n be_v spherical_a and_o d_o be_v its_o centre_n d_o its_o point_n that_o be_v all_o the_o point_n of_o this_o line_n be_v equal_o distant_a from_o the_o point_n d_o for_o we_o may_v conceive_v as_o many_o right_a line_n as_o we_o will_v draw_v from_o the_o point_n d_o to_o the_o other_o point_n of_o the_o propose_a superficies_n therefore_o these_o must_v be_v demonstrate_v to_o be_v equal_a mutual_o one_o to_o the_o other_o let_v any_o one_o of_o those_o draw_v from_o d_o to_o the_o superficies_n be_v take_v and_o through_o that_o and_o through_o the_o right_a line_n d_o f_o let_v a_o plain_a be_v draw_v this_o plain_a therefore_o cut_v the_o superficies_n will_v make_v the_o periphery_a according_a to_o the_o hypothesis_n wherefore_o that_o be_v draw_v shall_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o right_a line_n d_o f_o and_o so_o we_o shall_v show_v concern_v all_o draw_v from_o the_o point_n d_o that_o they_o be_v equal_a to_o d_o f_o itself_o by_o reason_n that_o they_o be_v all_o mutual_o equal_v one_o to_o another_o from_o whence_o we_o infer_v that_o this_o superficies_n be_v spherical_a have_v for_o a_o centre_n the_o point_n d_o for_o a_o spherical_a superficies_n be_v a_o crooked_a superficies_n within_o which_o be_v a_o certain_a point_n from_o whence_o all_o the_o right_a line_n be_v draw_v be_v equal_a at_o the_o superficies_n this_o premise_a the_o spherical_a superficies_n of_o every_o liquid_a body_n be_v demonstrate_v in_o this_o manner_n let_v any_o consist_v matter_n be_v e_o f_o g_o h_n let_v d_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o let_v we_o conceive_v this_o liquor_n to_o be_v cut_v in_o a_o plain_a passage_n through_o d_o let_v the_o section_n make_v on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v the_o line_n e_o f_o g_o h_o but_o we_o must_v first_o show_v that_o this_o line_n e_o f_o g_o h_n be_v crooked_a viz._n the_o periphery_a or_o arch_n of_o the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n who_o centre_n be_v d_o but_o if_o it_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o such_o periphery_n the_o right_a line_n draw_v from_o d_o to_o that_o will_v be_v unequal_a let_v the_o unequal_a draw_v line_n be_v d_o e_o d_o g_o to_o wit_n d_o g_z will_v be_v great_a than_o d_o e_z and_o let_v d_o g_o be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o which_o be_v draw_v from_o d_o and_o let_v d_o e_o be_v the_o least_o let_v the_o other_o right_a line_n d_o f_o be_v draw_v twice_o cut_v the_o angle_n g_o d_o e_o at_o efgh_a so_o that_o this_o line_n d_o f_o shall_v be_v great_a than_o d_o e_z but_o less_o than_o d_o g_o then_o let_v the_o periphery_a or_o arch_n of_o the_o circle_n i_o f_o k_n h_n be_v describe_v in_o the_o centre_n d_o the_o internal_a d_o e_z in_o this_o same_o plain_a the_o periphery_a of_o which_o will_v cut_v the_o right_a line_n d_o e_o protract_v beyond_o the_o point_n e_o viz._n in_o the_o point_n i_o but_o the_o right_a line_n d_o g_o on_o this_o side_n g_o viz._n in_o the_o point_n k._n moreover_o in_o the_o centre_n d_o the_o interval_n d_o l_o which_o be_v lesser_a than_o d_o e_z let_v the_o periphery_a or_o arch_a l_o m_o n_o be_v describe_v beneath_o or_o within_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o plain_n i_o f_o k_n h_n therefore_o the_o part_n of_o the_o liquor_n contain_v within_o d_o l_o n_o or_o about_o the_o periphery_n l_o m_o n_o by_o a_o equal_a distance_n be_v place_v and_o be_v continuous_a from_o the_o centre_n d_o but_o those_o part_n which_o be_v about_o m_o n_n be_v more_o press_v than_o those_o that_o be_v about_o l_o m_n because_o they_o be_v press_v by_o a_o great_a weight_n viz._n a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n be_v above_o they_o than_o those_o at_o l_o m._n therefore_o the_o part_n near_o l_o m_n be_v less_o press_v be_v expel_v from_o the_o part_n near_o m_o n_n and_o these_o shall_v possess_v their_o place_n neither_o shall_v the_o liquor_n consist_v but_o let_v the_o liquor_n be_v suppose_v to_o consist_v and_o be_v quiet_a there_o shall_v be_v then_o a_o liquor_n consist_v and_o not_o consist_v which_o will_v be_v absurd_a wherefore_o the_o right_a line_n draw_v from_o d_o to_o the_o line_n e_o f_o g_o h_n be_v not_o unequal_a but_o equal_a and_o therefore_o the_o line_n e_o f_o g_o h_n be_v the_o arch_n of_o the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n who_o centre_n be_v d._n the_o same_o be_v the_o demonstration_n concern_v all_o place_n cut_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o liquor_n and_o pass_v through_o d_o viz._n it_o will_v show_v the_o section_n of_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o centre_n d._n now_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o superficies_n of_o liquor_n be_v such_o that_o if_o it_o be_v cut_v by_o planes_n in_o any_o sort_n pass_v by_o d_o the_o section_n may_v always_o be_v the_o periphery_a of_o the_o circle_n therefore_o it_o follow_v from_o the_o aforesaid_a demonstrate_v proposition_n that_o the_o superficies_n of_o liquor_n be_v spherical_a have_v the_o centre_n the_o point_n d_o which_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n therefore_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v spherical_a have_v the_o same_o centre_n which_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o will_v also_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o follow_a proposition_n proposition_n ii_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o of_o a_o great_a height_n than_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v and_o therefore_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o altitude_n high_a mountain_n except_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n be_v demonstrate_v from_o the_o former_a proposition_n for_o if_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v spherical_a altitude_n the_o earth_n and_o water_n be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o altitude_n and_o of_o the_o same_o centre_n with_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o sea_n be_v no_o high_o about_o the_o shore_n than_o the_o earth_n therefore_o neither_o shall_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v high_a than_o the_o earth_n but_o its_o superficies_n with_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o other_o shall_v make_v one_o and_o the_o same_o spherical_a superficies_n but_o without_o the_o former_a proposition_n we_o shall_v show_v this_o theorem_fw-la à _fw-la posteriori_fw-la after_o this_o manner_n as_o the_o precede_a proposition_n may_v be_v show_v from_o this_o if_o that_o they_o confide_v not_o in_o the_o former_a demonstration_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o assume_v hypothesis_n 1._o experience_n testify_v that_o water_n be_v free_a and_o not_o
hinder_v do_v flow_v from_o more_o high_a place_n to_o place_n more_o low_a if_o therefore_o the_o place_n about_o the_o shore_n be_v not_o so_o high_a as_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n part_n of_o the_o sea_n will_v flow_v from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n to_o the_o shore_n and_o will_v neither_o consist_v or_o be_v calm_a which_o yet_o be_v not_o find_v in_o the_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o air._n 2._o if_o that_o the_o ocean_n far_o remote_a from_o the_o shore_n be_v more_o high_a than_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o shore_n that_o altitude_n will_v be_v discover_v a_o far_o long_a interval_n than_o a_o spherical_a superficies_n do_v admit_v of_o yea_o it_o will_v be_v see_v from_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o which_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n intercept_v between_o that_o altitude_n and_o the_o shore_n be_v see_v and_o experience_n testify_v that_o it_o can_v be_v behold_v from_o a_o great_a distance_n but_o that_o by_o degree_n the_o more_o remote_a part_n be_v detect_v after_o the_o more_o near_o when_o we_o come_v to_o mediterranean_a place_n to_o the_o shore_n and_o by_o how_o much_o any_o part_n be_v more_o vicine_fw-la to_o the_o shore_n by_o so_o much_o it_o be_v first_o or_o by_o a_o large_a interval_n behold_v from_o the_o shore_n therefore_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n remove_v from_o the_o shore_n be_v not_o high_a than_o that_o part_n that_o be_v nigh_o unto_o it_o wherefore_o the_o ocean_n be_v of_o the_o same_o altitude_n every_o where_o both_o in_o the_o middle_n and_o at_o the_o shore_n and_o not_o high_a than_o the_o earth_n 3._o mariner_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o deep_a sea_n although_o they_o apply_v their_o mathematical_a instrument_n yet_o find_v it_o no_o high_o there_o than_o in_o the_o part_n near_o the_o shore_n which_o certain_o can_v not_o be_v if_o that_o the_o sea_n have_v any_o altitude_n elevate_v as_o a_o tower_n or_o mountain_n for_o as_o by_o instrument_n we_o find_v the_o altitude_n of_o tower_n or_o mountain_n above_o the_o subject_v part_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o also_o if_o that_o there_o be_v any_o altitude_n of_o the_o middle_a ocean_n above_o the_o vicine_fw-la part_n it_o can_v not_o be_v obstruct_v and_o avoid_v the_o subtlety_n of_o instrument_n 4._o also_o here_o and_o there_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v find_v island_n and_o that_o in_o great_a number_n in_o some_o part_n which_o be_v near_o to_o the_o continent_n or_o great_a island_n therefore_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o high_a than_o the_o earth_n because_o it_o be_v not_o high_a than_o the_o shore_n of_o those_o island_n 5._o no_o cause_n can_v be_v show_v why_o water_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n shall_v be_v high_o and_o not_o flow_v into_o the_o channel_n of_o river_n if_o that_o their_o water_n be_v more_o depress_v for_o by_o experience_n we_o find_v that_o water_n any_o where_o situate_v move_v to_o the_o vicine_fw-la part_n and_o these_o be_v less_o high_a which_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o many_o inundation_n from_o these_o i_o think_v we_o sufficient_o collect_v that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o high_a than_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o land_n see_v therefore_o the_o altitude_n of_o very_a few_o shore_n be_v elevate_v little_o more_o than_o the_o vicine_fw-la mediterranean_a land_n and_o in_o most_o lesser_a see_v that_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o land_n from_o the_o shore_n to_o the_o mediterranean_a place_n increase_v and_o rise_v into_o hill_n thence_o we_o conclude_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o high_a than_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o land_n now_o that_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o land_n from_o the_o shore_n to_o the_o mediterranean_a place_n augment_v or_o that_o the_o mediterranean_a place_n be_v high_a than_o the_o shore_n be_v prove_v from_o the_o flux_n of_o river_n most_o of_o which_o arise_v in_o mediterranean_a place_n and_o flow_v to_o the_o ocean_n so_o then_o at_o least_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n be_v somewhat_o more_o elevate_v than_o the_o shore_n because_o the_o flux_n be_v from_o these_o unto_o they_o for_o water_n flow_v from_o the_o more_o high_a part_n to_o place_n more_o inferior_a now_o that_o some_o be_v somewhat_o depress_v low_o than_o the_o water_n we_o shall_v not_o go_v about_o to_o deny_v but_o they_o be_v either_o defend_v by_o the_o height_n of_o their_o shore_n or_o by_o bank_n or_o other_o interpose_a earth_n now_o these_o bank_n be_v raise_v for_o the_o most_o part_n not_o because_o of_o the_o great_a altitude_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v tranquillous_a and_o in_o its_o natural_a state_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o impetuous_a motion_n cause_v by_o the_o wind_n or_o from_o some_o other_o cause_n corollary_n corollary_n corollary_n therefore_o they_o be_v deceive_v who_o will_v have_v the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n to_o be_v high_a than_o the_o earth_n and_o fly_v to_o a_o miraculous_a providence_n by_o which_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o ocean_n on_o the_o land_n and_o drown_n of_o the_o world_n be_v hinder_v and_o restrain_v for_o we_o have_v show_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n and_o earth_n be_v one_o and_o almost_o the_o same_o to_o wit_n spherical_a and_o that_o many_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n at_o least_o the_o shore_n have_v a_o great_a altitude_n than_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o ocean_n can_v overflow_v the_o land_n which_o great_a altitude_n if_o it_o be_v elevate_v in_o some_o shore_n the_o bank_n be_v break_v or_o the_o water_n be_v augment_v or_o force_v to_o they_o in_o great_a abundance_n cause_n inundation_n neither_o be_v it_o altogether_o impossible_a or_o contrary_a to_o nature_n that_o the_o whole_a earth_n shall_v be_v cover_v with_o water_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o chapter_n proposition_n iii_o why_o the_o sea_n be_v behold_v from_o the_o shore_n seem_v to_o arise_v in_o a_o great_a altitude_n and_o tumour_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v more_o remote_a shore_n the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n by_o some_o say_v to_o be_v many_o mile_n high_o than_o the_o shore_n it_o be_v a_o fallacy_n of_o the_o sight_n or_o of_o the_o estimate_v faculty_n which_o have_v bring_v many_o into_o this_o error_n so_o that_o they_o have_v endeavour_v to_o defend_v that_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v many_o mile_n high_o than_o the_o shore_n but_o it_o be_v a_o wonder_n that_o none_o of_o they_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o daily_a experiment_n in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o our_o life_n in_o which_o this_o fallacy_n be_v sufficient_o manifest_a for_o if_o that_o we_o look_v on_o any_o pavement_n or_o floor_n stretch_v at_o length_n or_o any_o row_n of_o pillar_n the_o more_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o pavement_n will_v appear_v more_o high_a than_o the_o vicine_fw-la part_n so_o that_o from_o thence_o from_o our_o place_n to_o the_o most_o remote_a the_o floor_n will_v seem_v by_o degree_n more_o and_o more_o to_o elevate_v which_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v every_o where_o of_o the_o same_o altitude_n after_o the_o same_o mode_n it_o be_v with_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n for_o if_o on_o the_o shoar_n you_o use_v a_o geodetical_a instrument_n commodious_a to_o measure_v place_n withal_o you_o shall_v find_v no_o elevation_n of_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n above_o the_o shoar_n but_o rather_o a_o little_a depression_n so_o that_o the_o water_n sink_v beneath_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o shore_n those_o that_o be_v verse_v in_o the_o optic_n declare_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o fallacy_n let_v a_o be_v the_o eye_n scheme_n see_v scheme_n and_o let_v it_o survey_v the_o pavement_n or_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n extend_v at_o length_n unto_o the_o long_a space_n a_o e._n let_v the_o angle_n a_o a_o e_o be_v divide_v into_o equal_a part_n or_o four_o angle_n which_o be_v e_z a_o d_o d_o a_o c_o c_o a_o 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be_v remove_v by_o the_o violent_a wave_n and_o so_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o bay_n and_o strait_n may_v be_v make_v and_o exist_v anew_o but_o thence_o we_o may_v not_o conclude_v that_o all_o bay_n and_o strait_n that_o be_v at_o this_o day_n be_v so_o generate_v for_o it_o may_v be_v that_o some_o exi_v with_o the_o earth_n itself_o or_o ocean_n and_o therefore_o coeval_fw-fr with_o the_o very_a ocean_n for_o there_o be_v no_o record_n of_o the_o make_n of_o any_o new_a bay_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o streight_n although_o the_o ancient_a grecian_n fabulous_o report_v such_o concern_v the_o generation_n of_o the_o gaditan_a or_o herculean_a strait_n viz._n they_o say_v that_o the_o mountain_n calpe_n on_o the_o spanish_a coast_n and_o the_o mountain_n abyla_n on_o the_o african_a coast_n be_v one_o mountain_n but_o separate_v by_o hercules_n whence_o they_o call_v these_o mountain_n hercules_n pillar_n and_o the_o strait_n hercules_n streights_n italy_n the_o strait_n between_o 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altitude_n that_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v of_o the_o same_o altitude_n be_v in_o its_o natural_a constitution_n and_o all_o impediment_n remove_v be_v manifest_a from_o the_o first_o proposition_n by_o which_o we_o show_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v spherical_a and_o that_o its_o centre_n be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n hence_o it_o plain_o follow_v that_o it_o must_v be_v of_o the_o same_o altitude_n in_o all_o its_o part_n but_o here_o be_v a_o doubt_n whether_o there_o be_v not_o some_o cause_n that_o may_v render_v some_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n more_o high_a than_o other_o this_o be_v most_o worthy_a of_o consideration_n and_o be_v also_o of_o great_a moment_n when_o we_o consult_v concern_v the_o dig_v through_o of_o isthmuss_n and_o conjoin_v part_n of_o the_o sea_n many_o will_v have_v that_o the_o ocean_n and_o earth_n be_v high_a about_o the_o north_n and_o low_a about_o the_o equator_fw-la so_o aristotle_n lib._n 2._o de_fw-fr coelo_fw-la cap._n 2._o they_o allege_v this_o reason_n that_o the_o ocean_n seem_v to_o flow_v from_o the_o north_n region_n as_o from_o a_o fountain_n but_o we_o can_v conclude_v any_o thing_n certain_a from_o this_o for_o whether_o the_o northern_a land_n especial_o the_o north_n channel_n be_v more_o high_a or_o low_a than_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o land_n near_o the_o equator_fw-la be_v yet_o doubt_v neither_o be_v it_o sufficient_o prove_v from_o the_o motion_n because_o this_o be_v not_o general_a or_o be_v not_o find_v in_o all_o the_o northern_a region_n and_o if_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o ocean_n from_o the_o north_n shall_v be_v grant_v yet_o thence_o it_o will_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o ocean_n be_v there_o
the_o wind_n 4._o from_o the_o ruin_n or_o subsidency_n of_o the_o channel_n or_o shore_n also_o if_o that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o channel_n be_v make_v high_a in_o progress_n of_o time_n by_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o sand_n or_o mud._n proposition_n vii_o the_o ocean_n have_v no_o fountain_n but_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o earth_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o remain_v always_o the_o same_o fountain_n the_o ocean_n have_v no_o fountain_n experience_n testify_v that_o water_n of_o river_n proceed_v from_o fountain_n or_o spring_n and_o because_o that_o this_o have_v be_v for_o so_o many_o century_n of_o year_n it_o thence_o necessary_o follow_v that_o that_o water_n which_o continual_o flow_v from_o the_o spring_n to_o the_o sea_n return_v through_o subterranean_a passage_n or_o some_o other_o way_n to_o the_o same_o fountain_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n there_o be_v philosopher_n in_o old_a time_n say_v that_o the_o sea_n spring_v from_o certain_a fountain_n neither_o can_v the_o magnitude_n and_o perpetuity_n of_o the_o ocean_n withdraw_v they_o from_o this_o opinion_n for_o they_o say_v that_o it_o return_v unto_o the_o same_o fountain_n by_o some_o hollowness_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o by_o some_o other_o mode_n that_o so_o they_o may_v render_v a_o cause_n of_o the_o perpetual_a flux_n this_o opinion_n may_v be_v answer_v after_o this_o manner_n if_o that_o the_o ocean_n have_v fountain_n they_o must_v either_o be_v in_o the_o extant_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v cover_v by_o the_o ocean_n that_o be_v in_o the_o very_a channel_n or_o bosom_n of_o the_o ocean_n but_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o extant_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o man_n have_v not_o where_o find_v they_o neither_o may_v you_o object_v that_o peradventure_o they_o be_v in_o the_o unknown_a land_n of_o the_o north_n or_o south_n for_o this_o will_v be_v a_o part_n of_o high_a confidence_n to_o require_v that_o to_o be_v grant_v which_o carry_v no_o weight_n of_o reason_n with_o it_o especial_o see_v that_o at_o not_o a_o few_o of_o the_o northern_a land_n the_o sea_n be_v find_v freeze_v up_o with_o ice_n and_o in_o most_o of_o those_o region_n hitherto_o discover_v no_o spring_n be_v find_v therefore_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o in_o the_o extant_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o prove_v that_o they_o 〈◊〉_d neither_o in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n cover_v with_o water_n that_o be_v in_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o sea_n if_o that_o they_o be_v in_o this_o there_o will_v be_v no_o more_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n than_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n itself_o and_o therefore_o there_o will_v be_v no_o flux_n from_o they_o but_o the_o water_n will_v rest_v in_o they_o who_o nature_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v move_v from_o place_n depress_v to_o place_n more_o high_a for_o the_o fountain_n of_o all_o river_n be_v more_o elevate_v than_o 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many_o of_o these_o subterraneous_a passage_n and_o no_o absurdity_n thence_o follow_v therefore_o it_o may_v seem_v probable_a to_o some_o that_o there_o be_v many_o of_o these_o fountain_n in_o the_o very_a channel_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o this_o imagination_n be_v vain_a and_o not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o property_n of_o water_n for_o water_n have_v fall_v into_o either_o of_o these_o channel_n will_v not_o go_v forth_o by_o the_o other_o orifice_n but_o will_v rest_v fill_v in_o it_o except_o move_v by_o some_o violent_a cause_n for_o although_o water_n shall_v be_v press_v and_o stir_v by_o water_n force_v in_o on_o the_o orifice_n yet_o it_o can_v not_o exonerate_v itself_o by_o the_o other_o orifice_n because_o that_o water_n incumb_v on_o this_o orifice_n also_o no_o less_o than_o the_o incumb_a water_n at_o the_o former_a orifice_n which_o may_v thus_o be_v prove_v by_o experience_n scheme_n see_v scheme_n let_v there_o be_v in_o any_o vessel_n water_n abcd_v ab_fw-la be_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n lie_v equal_o and_o spherical_o but_o let_v in_o a_o stick_n rpef_n into_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o vessel_n which_o may_v perforate_v it_o by_o a_o oblique_a passage_n so_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o vessel_n a_o shall_v be_v high_o than_o the_o whole_a of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o vessel_n b_o therefore_o the_o water_n as_o well_o on_o the_o part_n a_o as_o on_o the_o part_n b_o shall_v for_o example_n flow_v through_o g_o h_z into_o this_o passage_n and_o fill_v it_o up_o and_o shall_v not_o be_v effuse_v through_o either_o of_o the_o orifice_n not_o through_o g_o because_o this_o be_v high_a nor_o through_o h_z because_o though_o it_o be_v more_o depress_v than_o g_o yet_o the_o water_n flow_v from_o the_o part_n b_o and_o perpendicular_o tend_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n will_v prohibit_v the_o influx_n from_o these_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o ocean_n have_v no_o fountain_n but_o be_v perpetual_o contain_v within_o its_o own_o channel_n but_o somewhat_o may_v be_v object_v against_o this_o objection_n objection_n which_o be_v worthy_a of_o consideration_n first_o that_o at_o some_o part_n or_o other_o of_o the_o ocean_n there_o be_v always_o a_o violent_a external_a move_a cause_n as_o wind_n flux_n reflux_n mutation_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o like_a therefore_o these_o cause_n that_o sometime_o in_o some_o one_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o sometime_o in_o another_o there_o be_v a_o great_a altitude_n and_o abundancy_n of_o water_n than_o in_o the_o other_o part_n and_o therefore_o that_o high_a water_n fall_v into_o the_o subterraneous_a passage_n be_v again_o pour_v forth_o into_o another_o part_n of_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o ocean_n where_o there_o be_v a_o lesser_a altitude_n of_o water_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o external_a cause_n and_o where_o the_o incumbent_a water_n then_o less_o resist_v the_o eruption_n or_o efflux_n because_o it_o be_v move_v another_o way_n by_o a_o external_a cause_n for_o although_o this_o may_v be_v yet_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v by_o experience_n neither_o can_v the_o contrary_a that_o be_v this_o be_v demonstrate_v to_o be_v so_o therefore_o at_o least_o the_o truth_n be_v uncertain_a and_o we_o must_v doubt_v concern_v this_o problem_n now_o that_o there_o be_v such_o subterraneous_a pit_n or_o passage_n in_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o ocean_n can_v be_v deny_v and_o those_o place_n of_o the_o ocean_n seem_v to_o show_v they_o to_o wit_n where_o there_o be_v a_o immense_a profundity_n see_v there_o be_v no_o such_o in_o the_o vicine_fw-la part_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v although_o we_o shall_v admit_v of_o those_o subterraneous_a passage_n yet_o therefore_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o we_o shall_v grant_v that_o they_o proceed_v to_o another_o part_n of_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o ocean_n or_o go_v forth_o into_o it_o and_o if_o that_o this_o shall_v be_v grant_v yet_o see_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o passage_n in_o all_o place_n and_o that_o these_o external_a cause_n sometime_o be_v predominate_a in_o one_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o sometime_o in_o another_o there_o be_v no_o consequence_n from_o the_o objection_n that_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v in_o any_o certain_a place_n but_o that_o it_o flow_v sometime_o from_o one_o part_n of_o the_o channel_n and_o sometime_o from_o another_o so_o that_o that_o flux_n continue_v no_o long_a than_o the_o external_a cause_n continue_v 2._o some_o one_o may_v thus_o seem_v to_o argue_v the_o flux_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v perpetual_o discern_v from_o the_o northern_a land_n or_o quarter_n towards_o the_o south_n between_o europe_n and_o the_o northern_a america_n also_o between_o asia_n and_o the_o northern_a america_n yet_o notwithstanding_o no_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n or_o
many_o place_n but_o in_o some_o in_o great_a quantity_n than_o in_o other_o malabar_n serpent_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n and_o at_o cambaja_n serpent_n be_v discover_v on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n this_o be_v a_o sign_n to_o seaman_n that_o they_o be_v near_o to_o those_o region_n about_o four_o mile_n from_o new_a spain_n many_o root_n bulrush_n and_o leave_n like_v unto_o figleaf_n float_n on_o the_o water_n which_o they_o eat_v and_o be_v in_o taste_n like_o unto_o colewort_n in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o first_o navigation_n of_o the_o dutch_a unto_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n we_o read_v that_o on_o the_o 12_o of_o january_n in_o anno_fw-la 1599_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n not_o far_o from_o the_o silver-river_n or_o rio_n de_fw-fr laplata_fw-la in_o brasil_n appear_v of_o a_o red_a and_o bloody_a colour_n but_o be_v draw_v up_o in_o a_o bucket_n or_o the_o like_a when_o that_o they_o have_v more_o thorough_o view_v it_o they_o find_v that_o a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o worm_n of_o a_o red_a colour_n be_v contain_v in_o that_o water_n and_o be_v take_v up_o in_o the_o hand_n they_o leap_v like_a unto_o flea_n and_o these_o seaman_n call_v sea-flea_n and_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o come_v from_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o small_a crab_n which_o be_v find_v on_o the_o south_n continent_n fill_v the_o sea_n here_o be_v no_o place_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o animal_n of_o which_o there_o be_v various_a kind_n in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o sea_n proposition_n xvii_o why_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o night_n season_n seem_v to_o glitter_v especial_o if_o that_o the_o wave_n be_v raise_v the_o more_o vehement_o by_o the_o wind_n shine_v the_o sea_n in_o the_o night_n seem_v to_o glitter_v or_o shine_v this_o question_n require_v the_o knowledge_n of_o that_o difficulty_n concern_v the_o cause_n of_o colour_n divers_a be_v the_o resolution_n of_o philosopher_n concern_v they_o but_o as_o for_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o propose_a phenomenon_n or_o question_n that_o opinion_n seem_v the_o most_o commodious_a which_o show_v how_o colour_n do_v exist_v or_o rather_o appear_v from_o a_o certain_a and_o various_a motion_n but_o we_o leave_v the_o accurate_a explication_n of_o the_o same_o to_o naturalist_n proposition_n xviii_o the_o ocean_n or_o rather_o all_o water_n cast_v out_o terrestrial_a body_n on_o the_o shore_n especial_o in_o the_o full_a moon_n shore_n terrestrial_a body_n be_v cast_v out_o of_o the_o ocean_n on_o the_o shore_n it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o render_v a_o account_n of_o this_o property_n which_o experience_n sufficient_o testify_v for_o water_n be_v never_o without_o some_o motion_n which_o if_o it_o be_v swift_a and_o towards_o one_o quarter_n it_o carry_v terrestrial_a body_n with_o it_o until_o it_o meet_v with_o the_o shore_n where_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o cease_v vigour_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n those_o terrestrial_a body_n be_v lay_v down_o but_o in_o the_o ocean_n the_o wave_n be_v carry_v hither_o and_o thither_o by_o these_o the_o terrestrial_a body_n be_v carry_v after_o the_o same_o mode_n and_o because_o that_o all_o wave_n tend_v to_o some_o coast_n of_o land_n therefore_o all_o terrestrial_a body_n be_v carry_v towards_o the_o shore_n in_o the_o full_a moon_n be_v the_o great_a motion_n of_o the_o ocean_n therefore_o vain_a be_v their_o opinion_n who_o believe_v the_o ocean_n to_o be_v a_o animal_n and_o to_o have_v sense_n by_o which_o it_o purge_v itself_o from_o all_o dregs_o terrestrial_a body_n but_o here_o the_o cause_n be_v sufficient_o manifest_a chap._n fourteen_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o general_n and_o in_o particular_a of_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n proposition_n i._o water_n have_v no_o natural_a motion_n except_o one_o by_o which_o it_o move_v from_o a_o more_o high_a place_n unto_o these_o that_o be_v more_o low_a but_o if_o the_o vicine_fw-la place_n or_o body_n be_v equal_a or_o of_o a_o great_a altitude_n than_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n than_o the_o water_n natural_o rest_v that_o be_v it_o be_v not_o move_v except_o that_o it_o be_v compel_v by_o a_o violent_a cause_n one_o water_n have_v no_o natural_a motion_n except_o one_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n be_v manifest_a from_o vulgar_a experience_n for_o if_o that_o a_o vessel_n contain_v water_n be_v move_v the_o water_n so_o long_o fluctuate_v in_o it_o until_o no_o part_n be_v high_a than_o the_o other_o that_o be_v until_o they_o compose_v a_o spherical_a figure_n or_o superficies_n as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o thirteen_o chapter_n for_o although_o this_o motion_n have_v a_o violent_a cause_n viz._n the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n about_o the_o earth_n yet_o because_o that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a question_n concern_v this_o cause_n and_o it_o be_v so_o manifest_a in_o the_o water_n that_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o come_v unto_o it_o from_o a_o external_a cause_n so_o for_o to_o distinguish_v this_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n from_o other_o motion_n we_o term_v it_o natural_a now_o this_o motion_n be_v unto_o that_o quarter_n unto_o which_o the_o place_n more_o depress_v be_v situate_v proposition_n ii_o when_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v move_v the_o whole_a ocean_n be_v move_v or_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o it_o be_v also_o move_v but_o by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o that_o every_o one_o be_v near_a the_o part_n move_v for_o because_o that_o if_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v move_v it_o do_v necessary_o change_v place_n and_o therefore_o this_o place_n be_v more_o low_a than_o the_o place_n of_o the_o vicine_fw-la water_n this_o near_a water_n shall_v be_v move_v into_o this_o place_n and_o the_o vicine_fw-la water_n of_o that_o into_o the_o place_n of_o that_o and_o so_o forward_o in_o the_o other_o part_n but_o there_o be_v lesser_a motion_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o more_o remote_a part_n proposition_n iii_o to_o observe_v the_o quarter_n into_o which_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v move_v tend_v tend_v the_o quarter_n into_o which_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v move_v tend_v choose_v a_o time_n if_o you_o can_v when_o no_o violent_a wind_n blow_v and_o cast_v into_o the_o water_n a_o body_n almost_o of_o the_o same_o gravity_n with_o the_o water_n let_v the_o place_n be_v observe_v where_o it_o be_v cast_v in_o to_o wit_n let_v the_o boat_n remain_v there_o immovable_a then_o when_o that_o this_o body_n be_v carry_v by_o the_o sea_n a_o moderate_a space_n from_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v cast_v in_o then_o let_v another_o boat_n be_v place_v of_o that_o and_o let_v the_o quarter_n be_v observe_v into_o which_o the_o situation_n of_o this_o second_o boat_n verge_v from_o the_o former_a for_o this_o also_o shall_v be_v the_o quarter_n in_o which_o we_o say_v that_o the_o sea_n at_o that_o time_n be_v move_v proposition_n iu._n the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v either_o direct_a or_o a_o vortex_n or_o a_o concussion_n i_o call_v that_o direct_v which_o tend_v unto_o some_o quarter_n a_o vortex_n when_o the_o water_n move_v into_o a_o round_a and_o be_v in_o some_o part_n reject_v a_o concussion_n when_o it_o tremble_v but_o lay_v aside_o the_o two_o latter_a unto_o the_o end_n of_o the_o chapter_n we_o shall_v treat_v of_o the_o direct_a motion_n and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v call_v this_o by_o a_o general_a term_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n proposition_n v._o of_o the_o motion_n which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o sea_n some_o be_v general_a some_o proper_a and_o singular_a other_o some_o contingent_a sea_n general_n proper_a and_o singular_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n i_o call_v that_o general_n which_o be_v find_v almost_o in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o that_o at_o all_o time_n i_o call_v those_o proper_a and_o special_a motion_n by_o which_o only_a some_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v move_v and_o they_o be_v twofold_a perpetual_a and_o anniversary_n the_o former_a be_v those_o which_o persist_v without_o mutation_n or_o cessation_n the_o other_o which_o be_v find_v at_o certain_a month_n or_o day_n of_o the_o year_n in_o some_o certain_a sea_n i_o call_v those_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n contingent_a which_o without_o any_o certain_a order_n sometime_o do_v cease_v and_o other_o some_o begin_v such_o be_v infinite_a proposition_n vi_o wind_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o contingent_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n force_v the_o sea_n to_o a_o quarter_n opposite_a to_o the_o wind_n neither_o be_v the_o sea_n ever_o free_a from_o such_o motion_n sea_n wind_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o see_v that_o the_o air_n touch_v the_o sea_n and_o the_o wind_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o strong_a commotion_n of_o
flux_n or_o deflux_n yea_o those_o term_n be_v not_o apt_a enough_o but_o it_o be_v better_a to_o call_v it_o a_o intumescency_n and_o detumescency_n so_o that_o by_o these_o peculiar_a appellation_n the_o quality_n of_o the_o flux_n or_o motion_n may_v be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o motion_n or_o flux_n itself_o for_o the_o sea_n always_o flow_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n and_o only_o appear_v to_o re-flow_a by_o reason_n that_o when_o in_o one_o place_n there_o be_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n and_o that_o it_o flow_v with_o vehemency_n to_o a_o certain_a place_n afterward_o in_o another_o time_n this_o impetus_fw-la cease_v but_o it_o be_v therefore_o term_v a_o reflux_n because_o that_o the_o sea_n seem_v in_o bay_n and_o shore_n to_o draw_v near_o and_o depart_v according_a to_o the_o extension_n of_o bay_n and_o shore_n which_o happen_v not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o motion_n itself_o but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o coast_n and_o channel_n viz._n that_o the_o water_n do_v return_v back_o to_o a_o contrary_a quarter_n but_o that_o the_o sea_n fall_v down_o this_o proceed_v not_o from_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o coast_n but_o from_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o place_n itself_o neither_o ought_v or_o can_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v regard_v from_o the_o appulse_n to_o the_o shore_n for_o whatsoever_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v or_o unto_o what_o quarter_n soever_o it_o be_v make_v the_o flux_n be_v always_o towards_o the_o shore_n which_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o fluid_a nature_n of_o the_o water_n now_o see_v that_o both_o the_o flux_n or_o reflux_n or_o in_o the_o intumescency_n and_o detumescency_n the_o sea_n be_v move_v towards_o the_o same_o quarter_n viz._n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n and_o do_v not_o re-flow_a again_o be_v collect_v from_o hence_o first_o that_o in_o the_o ocean_n remove_v from_o the_o shore_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n no_o other_o motion_n be_v find_v than_o that_o by_o which_o it_o be_v carry_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n second_o in_o the_o strait_n which_o direct_o extend_v from_o east_n to_o west_n and_o in_o which_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v join_v as_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n manillan_n java_n and_o other_o among_o the_o indian_a isle_n in_o these_o strait_n i_o say_v the_o sea_n indeed_o swell_v and_o fall_v in_o twelve_o hour_n but_o yet_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o detumescency_n do_v flow_v back_o from_o out_o the_o strait_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n therefore_o another_o orifice_n of_o the_o straight_a into_o the_o west_n which_o be_v a_o manifest_a sign_n that_o this_o intumescency_n and_o detumescency_n be_v not_o a_o peculiar_a motion_n but_o a_o modification_n of_o the_o general_a motion_n neither_o do_v the_o sea_n flow_v back_o into_o the_o east_n therefore_o scaliger_n and_o all_o other_o be_v deceive_v which_o here_o introduce_v a_o double_a motion_n replicate_v into_o itself_o but_o yet_o this_o must_v be_v understand_v that_o when_o we_o say_v that_o this_o motion_n be_v make_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n the_o cardinal_n quarter_n be_v not_o only_o understand_v but_o also_o those_o quarter_n that_o be_v collateral_a viz._n the_o sea_n be_v move_v also_o by_o this_o flux_n from_o the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o the_o east_n unto_o the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o the_o west_n yea_o unto_o the_o north_n and_o south_n but_o not_o by_o so_o forcible_a and_o valid_a motion_n proposition_n xi_o to_o declare_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o intumescency_n and_o detumescency_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n vulgar_o so_o term_v sea_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v almost_o no_o phaenomenon_n of_o nature_n that_o have_v more_o exercise_v the_o wit_n of_o learned_a man_n and_o philosopher_n and_o that_o have_v delude_v more_o endeavour_n some_o have_v make_v the_o sea_n and_o earth_n to_o be_v a_o animal_n which_o by_o its_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n have_v cause_v the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n other_o make_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v a_o great_a vortex_n near_o to_o norway_n which_o for_o six_o hour_n suck_v up_o the_o water_n and_o for_o so_o many_o spu_v they_o out_o again_o scaliger_n and_o other_o suppose_v the_o coast_n especial_o those_o of_o america_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o by_o reason_n that_o they_o repel_v the_o appulse_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o general_a motion_n but_o many_o when_o that_o they_o discover_v the_o connexion_n of_o this_o intumescency_n and_o detumescency_n with_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n determine_v that_o it_o only_o depend_v on_o that_o but_o how_o this_o shall_v be_v be_v a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a task_n to_o discover_v see_v that_o they_o reply_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o the_o moon_n do_v attract_v upward_o humour_n by_o a_o occult_a quality_n and_o sympathy_n but_o these_o be_v only_a word_n which_o signify_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o the_o effect_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o moon_n after_o some_o mode_n that_o we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o but_o this_o be_v the_o mode_n demand_v cartesius_n deduce_v it_o from_o his_o general_a hypothesis_n after_o this_o manner_n let_v the_o diagram_n of_o the_o nine_o proposition_n be_v take_v scheme_n see_v scheme_n in_o which_o let_v a_o b_o c_o d_o be_v that_o vortex_n which_o have_v the_o earth_n for_o its_o centre_n which_o with_o it_o and_o with_o the_o moon_n be_v carry_v in_o a_o great_a vortex_n about_o the_o sun_n m_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o vortex_n e_o f_o g_o h_o the_o earth_n 1234_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o which_o for_o the_o great_a perspicuity_n we_o do_v suppose_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v encompass_v on_o every_o side_n and_o 5678_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o air_n encompass_v of_o the_o sea_n now_o if_o that_o there_o be_v no_o moon_n in_o this_o vortex_n the_o point_n t_o which_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n aught_o to_o be_v in_o the_o point_n m_o which_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o vortex_n but_o the_o moon_n be_v towards_o b_o this_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n t_o oughts_z to_o be_v between_o m_n and_o d_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o celestial_a matter_n of_o this_o vortex_n be_v somewhat_o more_o quick_a move_v than_o the_o moon_n or_o the_o earth_n which_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o except_o that_o the_o point_n t_n be_v a_o little_a more_o distant_a from_o b_o than_z from_z d_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o moon_n will_v hinder_v that_o that_o shall_v not_o so_o free_o flow_v between_o b_o and_o t_o so_o see_v that_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o this_o vortex_n be_v not_o determinate_v excâ—â—â—_n from_o the_o equality_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o celestial_a matter_n flow_v about_o it_o therefore_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o ought_v somewhat_o to_o approach_v towards_o d._n and_o after_o the_o same_o mode_n when_o the_o moon_n shall_v be_v in_o c_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n ought_v to_o be_v between_o m_n and_o a_o and_o so_o always_o the_o earth_n depart_v a_o little_a from_o the_o moon_n moreover_o because_o by_o this_o mean_n from_o this_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v towards_o b_o not_o only_o the_o space_n through_o which_o the_o celestial_a matter_n flow_v between_o b_o and_o t_o but_o also_o that_o space_n through_o which_o it_o flow_v between_o t_n and_o d_o be_v render_v more_o angust_n thence_o it_o follow_v that_o this_o celestial_a matter_n there_o flow_v more_o swift_o and_o therefore_o do_v more_o press_v both_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o air_n in_o 6_o and_o 8_o and_o also_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n in_o 2_o and_o 4_o than_o if_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v not_o in_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o vortex_n b_o d_o now_o see_v that_o both_o the_o body_n of_o the_o air_n and_o water_n be_v fluid_a and_o easy_o obnoxious_a to_o this_o pression_n they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v so_o high_a above_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n f_o and_o h_n as_o if_o the_o moon_n be_v without_o this_o diameter_n b_o d_o and_o so_o also_o on_o the_o contrary_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v high_o towards_o g_o and_z e_z so_o that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n 1_o and_o 3_o and_o of_o the_o air_n 5_o and_o 7_o do_v there_o protuberate_v now_o because_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v now_o in_o f_o on_o the_o opposite_a quarter_n of_o the_o point_n b_o where_o the_o sea_n be_v very_o little_a high_a after_o six_o hour_n it_o will_v be_v in_o g_o on_o the_o opposite_a region_n of_o the_o point_n c_o where_o it_o be_v most_o high_a and_o after_o other_o six_o hour_n in_o h_n on_o the_o region_n of_o
apprehend_v it_o from_o his_o word_n neither_o do_v i_o see_v how_o it_o can_v follow_v from_o his_o hypothesis_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o sun_n and_o general_a wind_n do_v very_o much_o contribute_v to_o this_o intumescency_n of_o the_o water_n and_o see_v that_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o aequinoctial_o do_v incumb_fw-la on_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n therefore_o either_o he_o or_o the_o wind_n cause_n that_o the_o sea_n than_o swell_v more_o than_o at_o another_o time_n but_o as_o concern_v the_o solstice_n we_o must_v say_v in_o a_o contrary_a mode_n or_o that_o the_o same_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o great_a intumescency_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o aequinoctial_o either_o of_o the_o spring_n or_o autumn_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o more_o frequent_a rain_n wind_n and_o inundadion_n in_o those_o season_n proposition_n fourteen_o in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n gulf_n and_o shore_n great_a be_v the_o increase_n and_o decrease_v of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o influx_n and_o deflux_n in_o other_o some_o it_o be_v very_o small_a in_o some_o not_o discernible_a and_o so_o there_o be_v no_o flux_n and_o reflux_n or_o intumescency_n and_o detumescency_n ocean_n the_o increase_n and_o decrease_v of_o the_o water_n in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n those_o place_n receive_v great_a augmentation_n and_o decrease_n 1._o that_o be_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n between_o the_o tropic_n for_o then_o the_o moon_n press_v for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v there_o carry_v round_o 2._o in_o place_n that_o be_v direct_o extend_v from_o east_n to_o west_n or_o nigh_o the_o collateral_a quarter_n 3._o in_o those_o gulf_n that_o be_v long_a and_o less_o broad_a the_o augmentation_n be_v the_o more_o sensible_a 4._o in_o those_o place_n in_o which_o few_o island_n or_o procurrent_n adjoyn_v to_o the_o earth_n cambaja_n the_o great_a flux_n and_o deflux_n in_o the_o straight_a of_o cambaja_n the_o great_a flux_n and_o deflux_n hitherto_o observe_v be_v that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o straight_a of_o cambaja_n in_o one_o of_o the_o inlet_n of_o the_o river_n indus_n and_o it_o have_v strike_v many_o with_o admiration_n for_o the_o water_n recede_v to_o a_o high_a distance_n and_o that_o very_o speedy_o whence_o not_o without_o reason_n the_o river_n indus_n or_o the_o gulf_n of_o cambaja_n be_v think_v to_o be_v that_o unto_o which_o when_o that_o alexander_n the_o great_a come_v and_o endeavour_v to_o pass_v his_o army_n over_o as_o it_o be_v there_o relate_v the_o water_n present_o go_v back_o and_o leave_v his_o ship_n a_o ground_n hence_o he_o go_v no_o far_o but_o judge_v that_o the_o god_n have_v here_o fix_v the_o bound_n of_o his_o expedition_n with_o a_o prohibition_n of_o proceed_v any_o far_o the_o cause_n be_v the_o small_a or_o narrow_a and_o deep_a depression_n of_o the_o channel_n but_o yet_o it_o be_v probable_a there_o be_v some_o other_o cause_n damman_n fluv_n and_o reflux_n at_o damman_n at_o the_o city_n damman_n in_o india_n not_o far_o from_o surat_n the_o altitude_n of_o the_o water_n by_o flux_n and_o reflux_n be_v vary_v at_o two_o and_o a_o half_a orygas_n and_o the_o sea_n depart_v from_o the_o shore_n the_o space_n of_o half_a a_o mile_n in_o the_o gulf_n of_o cambaja_n the_o flux_n augment_v the_o altitude_n five_o orgyas_n other_o say_v seven_o which_o unusual_a augmentation_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o ship_n by_o unexperienced_a mariner_n for_o the_o water_n fall_v they_o have_v be_v split_v on_o the_o rock_n red-sea_n no_o constant_a time_n of_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n in_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n in_o the_o red-sea_n in_o the_o gulf_n and_o shore_n of_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n no_o constant_a time_n of_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n be_v observe_v for_o sometime_o the_o water_n flow_v and_o reflow_v in_o three_o hour_n othersome_a in_o twelve_o hour_n which_o inconstancy_n be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o violent_a irruption_n of_o the_o ocean_n into_o that_o straight_a and_o from_o the_o various_a agitation_n of_o the_o wind_n about_o malacca_n also_o at_o the_o straight_a of_o sunda_n a_o notable_a flux_n and_o deflux_n be_v observe_v in_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n or_o red_a sea_n some_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v write_v that_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o reflux_n as_o scaliger_n write_v that_o moses_n and_o the_o israelite_n pass_v over_o without_o any_o miracle_n but_o it_o be_v false_a because_o the_o reflux_n be_v not_o there_o so_o great_a as_o to_o leave_v the_o channel_n dry_a on_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n be_v very_o sensible_a as_o also_o at_o the_o isle_n of_o japan_n at_o panama_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n lie_v at_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n the_o sea_n be_v very_o much_o exalt_v panama_n the_o sea_n at_o the_o flux_n much_o exalt_v at_o panama_n and_o by_o and_o by_o depress_v again_o in_o the_o full_a moon_n the_o flux_n be_v so_o much_o augment_v that_o water_n enter_v into_o the_o house_n of_o the_o city_n yea_o in_o almost_o all_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o south_n sea_n the_o altitude_n of_o the_o water_n be_v wonderful_o augment_v and_o diminish_v so_o that_o in_o the_o reflux_n the_o decrease_n be_v sensible_a for_o two_o mile_n in_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n at_o the_o shore_n of_o sâ—am_n the_o flux_n augment_v the_o altitude_n ten_o foot_n sea_n the_o flux_n not_o perceivable_a in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n but_o in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n which_o flow_v in_o through_o the_o strait_n of_o gibraltar_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n the_o flux_n be_v not_o perceivable_a because_o the_o situation_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o quarter_n into_o which_o the_o sea_n be_v move_v and_o therefore_o the_o water_n of_o it_o be_v little_o augment_v by_o the_o flux_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o discernible_a unless_o in_o the_o gulf_n of_o venice_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o long_a extension_n and_o small_a latitude_n show_v the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n when_o in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o notable_a latitude_n that_o little_a augmentation_n and_o decrease_n be_v not_o discover_v whence_o this_o flux_n and_o reflux_n be_v unknown_a to_o the_o grecian_n as_o also_o to_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o time_n of_o scipio_n africanus_n and_o the_o grecian_n as_o well_v as_o the_o roman_n account_v it_o as_o miraculous_a what_o sometime_o they_o discover_v in_o other_o place_n as_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o expedition_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o of_o scipio_n in_o the_o expugnation_n of_o carthage_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o cicero_n it_o be_v know_v to_o the_o roman_n yet_o some_o observe_v it_o a_o little_a at_o massilia_n also_o at_o certain_a coast_n of_o barbary_n it_o be_v note_v enough_o out_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n not_o yet_o find_v out_o in_o the_o baltic_a ocean_n as_o also_o in_o the_o whole_a northern_a sea_n beyond_o england_n towards_o norway_n and_o greenland_n the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o yet_o find_v out_o as_o neither_o in_o the_o north_n coast_n of_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n but_o the_o cause_n be_v not_o yet_o sufficient_o know_v unless_o you_o will_v say_v that_o those_o sea_n be_v remote_a from_o the_o course_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o also_o that_o they_o be_v extend_v from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n and_o north_n moreover_o that_o many_o isle_n and_o procurrency_n of_o land_n do_v hinder_v these_o three_o must_v be_v conjoin_v to_o impede_fw-la the_o flux_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o these_o place_n proposition_n xv._o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o violent_a motion_n viz._n a_o impulse_n but_o the_o reflux_n be_v a_o natural_a motion_n of_o the_o water_n for_o the_o flux_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o pression_n of_o the_o moon_n or_o matter_n between_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o earth_n or_o also_o because_o that_o the_o sea_n do_v not_o remain_v in_o that_o situation_n which_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o flux_n this_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o it_o be_v a_o violent_a motion_n but_o in_o the_o reflux_n the_o sea_n be_v move_v from_o a_o more_o high_a place_n to_o a_o more_o depress_a place_n which_o be_v the_o natural_a motion_n of_o water_n lemma_n the_o place_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v give_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o latitude_n and_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n from_o a_o ephemerides_n or_o by_o supputation_n or_o astronomical_a observation_n to_o find_v on_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n the_o place_n unto_o which_o the_o moon_n at_o the_o hour_n give_v be_v vertical_a also_o to_o exhibit_v all_o those_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n unto_o
number_n and_o almost_o all_o send_v forth_o spring_v scaliger_n and_o other_o assert_v that_o this_o caspian_a sea_n be_v carry_v by_o a_o subterraneous_a passage_n into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n but_o he_o allege_v no_o probation_n of_o it_o yet_o that_o may_v be_v a_o sign_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o euxine_a sea_n perpetual_o send_v forth_o water_n in_o great_a abundance_n through_o the_o bosphorus_n which_o abundance_n of_o water_n some_o think_v that_o it_o do_v not_o receive_v from_o the_o river_n but_o by_o a_o subterranean_a passage_n from_o the_o caspian_a sea_n but_o it_o seem_v not_o so_o to_o i_o to_o have_v any_o conjunction_n with_o the_o sea_n and_o therefore_o i_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v a_o lake_n and_o so_o rather_o to_o be_v call_v than_o a_o sea_n now_o whence_o it_o be_v first_o generate_v be_v a_o great_a difficulty_n some_o say_v that_o great_a mountain_n of_o salt_n be_v find_v in_o its_o bottom_n and_o that_o thence_o it_o have_v its_o saltness_n but_o the_o water_n they_o suppose_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o multitude_n of_o river_n that_o exonerate_v themselves_o into_o this_o lake_n or_o sea_n yet_o although_o these_o water_n make_v to_o the_o conservation_n of_o it_o yet_o i_o think_v it_o more_o probable_a that_o this_o sea_n for_o some_o age_n since_o be_v conjoin_v to_o the_o ocean_n neither_o do_v i_o question_v but_o that_o the_o euxine_a sea_n will_v at_o length_n become_v a_o lake_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o bosphorus_n be_v obstruct_v proposition_n ix_o to_o make_v a_o lake_n in_o a_o place_n if_o that_o it_o be_v possible_a lake_n of_o make_v lake_n it_o may_v be_v do_v if_o that_o there_o be_v a_o river_n in_o the_o land_n adjoin_v or_o that_o a_o spring_n be_v find_v in_o the_o place_n and_o that_o the_o place_n be_v somewhat_o more_o depress_v and_o low_a than_o in_o the_o adjacent_a place_n although_o small_a lake_n may_v be_v also_o make_v on_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n therefore_o the_o place_n must_v be_v hallow_v and_o the_o earth_n dig_v away_o unto_o so_o great_a a_o depth_n and_o amplitude_n as_o we_o require_v and_o its_o side_n must_v be_v fence_v with_o bank_n uphold_v by_o wood_n if_o need_v so_o require_v then_o a_o inlett_n be_v make_v from_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o river_n the_o water_n must_v be_v let_v in_o or_o if_o that_o a_o fountain_n in_o that_o place_n afford_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o water_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o that_o inlett_n or_o aqueduct_v proposition_n x._o to_o take_v away_o or_o dry_v up_o a_o lake_n lake_n of_o dry_v up_o of_o lake_n that_o may_v be_v perform_v two_o way_n 1._o if_o the_o bottom_n of_o that_o lake_n be_v high_o or_o of_o almost_o a_o equal_a depression_n with_o the_o vicine_fw-la place_n a_o aqueduct_v be_v make_v the_o water_n will_v flow_v from_o the_o place_n or_o lake_n and_o at_o length_n will_v render_v the_o bottom_n dry_a the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n assist_v and_o earth_n be_v cast_v in_o 2._o if_o that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o lake_n be_v low_a than_o the_o vicine_fw-la place_n it_o must_v first_o be_v fence_v with_o a_o trench_n in_o its_o whole_a circuit_n leave_v only_o some_o channel_n or_o open_a passage_n then_o make_v use_n of_o water-mill_n the_o water_n must_v be_v expel_v and_o draw_v out_o and_o then_o the_o bottom_n must_v be_v cover_v with_o earth_n and_o dung_n and_o such_o seed_n cast_v in_o which_o sudden_o will_v take_v root_n as_o mustardseed_n colewort_n and_o the_o like_a by_o this_o mode_n the_o dutch_a very_o well_o know_v how_o to_o drain_v lake_n and_o to_o make_v fruitful_a land_n of_o they_o proposition_n xi_o marsh_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o be_v ouzey_a and_o consist_v of_o a_o mix_a substance_n as_o it_o be_v viz._n of_o water_n and_o earth_n so_o that_o it_o will_v not_o suffer_v the_o footstep_n of_o a_o man_n other_o have_v small_a stand_a pool_n with_o small_a portion_n of_o dry_a land_n here_o and_o there_o sort_n marsh_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v those_o that_o receive_v or_o send_v forth_o no_o river_n such_o marsh_n be_v in_o holland_n brabant_n where_o be_v the_o marish_a de_fw-fr peel_n and_o many_o in_o westphalia_n to_o which_o some_o of_o the_o second_o sort_n be_v admix_v but_o many_o of_o the_o second_o kind_n be_v find_v at_o the_o original_n or_o spring_n of_o river_n whence_o some_o be_v wont_a to_o call_v these_o spring_n or_o fountain_n marsh_n as_o the_o marsh_n of_o tanais_n in_o moscovia_n of_o the_o nile_n etc._n etc._n such_o marsh_n also_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o savolax_n a_o province_n in_o finland_n in_o a_o great_a tract_n of_o land_n also_o the_o marsh_n of_o enarack_n the_o chelonides_n marsh_n of_o africa_n the_o marsh_n of_o chaldea_n through_o which_o the_o euphrates_n do_v pass_v these_o marsh_n be_v frequent_o find_v in_o wood_n and_o desert_n that_o be_v ericose_v because_o that_o the_o rain_n which_o irrigate_v those_o lane_n and_o collect_v in_o its_o cavity_n be_v not_o attract_v by_o the_o sun_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o leave_n of_o tree_n do_v repel_v its_o ray_n such_o kind_n of_o marsh_n be_v find_v here_o and_o there_o in_o germany_n and_o moscovia_n moreover_o these_o marsh_n of_o the_o second_o sort_n be_v fourfold_a viz._n some_o both_o receive_v and_o send_v forth_o river_n some_o only_o receive_v some_o only_o send_v forth_o and_o some_o neither_o receive_v nor_o send_v forth_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v generate_v and_o conserve_v partly_o by_o occult_a spring_n and_o water_n effuse_v before_o that_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o certain_a channel_n and_o also_o from_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n than_o can_v possible_o be_v bring_v through_o a_o channel_n many_o of_o which_o sort_n be_v in_o moscovia_n and_o finland_n marsh_n of_o the_o last_o kind_n probable_o be_v conserve_v and_o spring_n from_o rain_n and_o small_a spring_n aristotle_n call_v the_o palus_n maeotis_n a_o lake_n and_o that_o more_o right_o proposition_n xii_o marsh_n have_v a_o sulphurous_a bituminous_a and_o fat_a earth_n this_o be_v discover_v both_o from_o the_o black_a colour_n and_o from_o the_o reed_n which_o be_v generate_v from_o it_o marsh_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o marsh_n and_o easy_o take_v fire_n as_o be_v find_v in_o holland_n and_o other_o place_n the_o cause_n be_v by_o reason_n that_o such_o substance_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o raise_v of_o the_o earth_n where_o these_o marsh_n do_v exist_v yet_o all_o marsh_n be_v not_o such_o but_o where_o the_o earth_n be_v stony_a and_o hard_a there_o be_v no_o marsh_n for_o where_o there_o be_v a_o soft_a earth_n there_o for_o a_o certain_a be_v a_o fat_a and_o sulphurous_a substance_n proposition_n xiii_o to_o drain_v marsh_n and_o fen_n fen_n of_o drain_n of_o fen_n although_o some_o fen_n have_v a_o high_a profundity_n yet_o no_o more_o be_v require_v to_o drain_v they_o to_o such_o a_o depth_n which_o we_o may_v do_v if_o that_o we_o cause_v the_o water_n to_o flow_v away_o by_o some_o channel_n or_o aqueduct_v 2._o if_o that_o after_o some_o week_n they_o have_v be_v dry_v by_o the_o sun_n we_o cast_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o dry_a earth_n 3._o if_o that_o we_o make_v a_o fire_n upon_o they_o and_o 4._o if_o that_o we_o hinder_v water_n from_o flow_v into_o they_o as_o rain_n and_o the_o like_a chap._n xvi_o of_o river_n in_o general_n proposition_n i._n we_o comprehend_v in_o this_o proposition_n the_o definition_n necessary_a for_o this_o doctrine_n definition_n of_o river_n and_o their_o definition_n 1._o a_o river_n be_v water_n flow_v from_o a_o certain_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o another_o place_n in_o a_o long_a tract_n and_o within_o its_o channel_n a_o channel_n be_v that_o cavity_n in_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o the_o water_n be_v contain_v which_o be_v more_o depress_v and_o low_o than_o the_o shore_n of_o that_o water_n 2._o a_o rivulet_n be_v a_o river_n that_o have_v not_o the_o profundity_n and_o breadth_n as_o to_o admit_v of_o small_a lade_v vessel_n 3._o that_o be_v term_v amnis_fw-la which_o admit_v of_o those_o vessel_n but_o if_o they_o will_v bear_v moderate_a vessel_n great_a one_o lade_v than_o it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o general_a term_n of_o fluvius_n and_o flumen_n 4._o that_o water_n be_v term_v a_o torrent_n which_o flow_v from_o the_o mountainous_a place_n with_o a_o violence_n 5._o where_o two_o river_n meet_v that_o place_n be_v call_v a_o confluence_n 6._o a_o river_n or_o rivulet_n which_o flow_v from_o another_o be_v term_v a_o branch_n or_o arm_n yet_o for_o the_o most_o part_n it_o be_v take_v for_o such_o a_o arm_n which_o be_v lesser_a than_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o river_n yet_o those_o be_v also_o frequent_o
dissolve_v snow_n and_o this_o they_o take_v for_o a_o sign_n of_o it_o that_o rain_n and_o dissolve_v snow_n do_v much_o augment_v the_o river_n that_o oftentimes_o they_o extend_v beyond_o their_o channel_n and_o overflow_v region_n also_o that_o river_n do_v much_o decrease_v and_o some_o lesser_a sort_n of_o they_o be_v altogether_o dry_v up_o when_o no_o rain_n for_o a_o long_a while_n in_o the_o summer_n season_n have_v fall_v because_o that_o their_o channel_n be_v not_o very_o profound_a and_o therefore_o have_v collect_v little_a water_n but_o those_o that_o have_v a_o deep_a channel_n be_v not_o dry_v up_o in_o the_o summer_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o have_v gather_v so_o much_o water_n from_o the_o rain_n that_o fall_v and_o dissolve_v snow_n so_o that_o all_o can_v be_v turn_v into_o vapour_n except_o by_o a_o daily_a and_o continual_a heat_n 2._o because_o that_o there_o be_v very_o few_o river_n in_o those_o place_n where_o there_o be_v little_a rain_n as_o in_o the_o more_o inward_a part_n of_o africa_n there_o be_v few_o spring_n but_o these_o allegation_n resolve_v not_o the_o question_n because_o we_o be_v not_o to_o demand_v or_o seek_v the_o original_a of_o river_n but_o only_o the_o original_a of_o the_o water_n of_o fountain_n therefore_o those_o that_o speak_v thus_o have_v not_o well_o consider_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o question_n as_o we_o have_v take_v notice_n before_o although_o also_o the_o experience_n that_o they_o allege_v be_v not_o general_a because_o that_o there_o be_v river_n find_v in_o place_n where_o there_o be_v little_a rain_n and_o no_o snow_n although_o it_o be_v true_a in_o the_o region_n of_o peru_n and_o egypt_n which_o they_o assert_v moreover_o rain_n moisten_v not_o the_o earth_n above_o ten_o foot_n deep_a but_o fountain_n spring_v from_o a_o far_o great_a profundity_n seneca_n the_o opinion_n of_o seneca_n 2._o other_o suppose_v that_o we_o shall_v not_o demand_v whence_o the_o water_n of_o fountain_n do_v arise_v by_o reason_n that_o water_n be_v a_o element_n as_o much_o as_o earth_n air_n and_o fire_n concern_v the_o original_a of_o which_o we_o do_v not_o dispute_v thus_o seneca_n discourse_v but_o other_o author_n cut_v in_o twain_o this_o gordian_a knot_n with_o the_o sword_n of_o alexander_n for_o it_o be_v not_o inquire_v after_o how_o that_o water_n have_v a_o be_v but_o how_o it_o come_v to_o the_o place_n of_o fountain_n and_o not_o to_o other_o place_n moreover_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o so_o flow_v forward_o as_o river_n do_v but_o for_o the_o air_n it_o be_v false_a that_o we_o shall_v not_o seek_v concern_v it_o as_o they_o determine_v 3._o aristotelian_o follow_v the_o opinion_n of_o their_o master_n 11._o see_v aristotle_n lino_n 1._o chap._n 11._o who_o in_o the_o whole_a eleven_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n of_o meteor_n endeavour_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o water_n of_o fountain_n be_v generate_v from_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n he_o allege_v these_o reason_n 1._o water_n be_v generate_v from_o air_n above_o the_o earth_n viz._n rain_n therefore_o see_v that_o air_n be_v in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o cause_n of_o condensation_n viz._n cold_a therefore_o he_o say_v it_o be_v absurd_a for_o any_o one_o to_o think_v that_o water_n be_v not_o produce_v from_o air_n there_o 2._o experience_n testify_v that_o more_o great_a drop_n that_o fall_v be_v make_v of_o small_a one_o and_o therefore_o the_o original_a of_o river_n must_v be_v as_o it_o be_v certain_a brook_n of_o water_n that_o meet_v in_o one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o therefore_o those_o that_o make_v aqueduct_n be_v wont_a to_o bring_v the_o water_n down_o by_o trench_n and_o small_a channel_n 3._o because_o that_o many_o spring_n and_o those_o of_o the_o great_a river_n be_v find_v in_o mountainous_a place_n very_o few_o in_o plain_n or_o valley_n which_o be_v a_o evidence_n that_o the_o water_n of_o fountain_n proceed_v from_o a_o condense_a air_n or_o vapour_n which_o air_n and_o vapour_n tend_v towards_o high_a place_n and_o mountainous_a place_n be_v as_o it_o be_v sponge_n incumb_a over_o low_a place_n those_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o aristotle_n cardanus_n the_o opinion_n of_o cardanus_n 4._o cardanus_n with_o other_o suppose_v that_o the_o water_n of_o fountain_n proceed_v from_o rivulet_n which_o be_v generate_v of_o watery_a vapour_n condense_v both_o within_o and_o without_o the_o earth_n but_o that_o these_o fountain_n alone_o scarce_o make_v up_o river_n unless_o assist_v by_o rain_n or_o dissolve_v snow_n his_o reason_n be_v these_o 1._o if_o betimes_o in_o the_o morning_n one_o view_v the_o mountain_n they_o will_v appear_v moist_a 2._o river_n overflow_v in_o the_o morning_n and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o by_o how_o much_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v more_o near_o the_o fountain_n but_o the_o perpetual_a and_o constant_a impetus_fw-la of_o the_o water_n bubble_v and_o leap_v from_o the_o spring_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o have_v its_o original_a from_o so_o weak_a and_o inconstant_a a_o cause_n neither_o do_v this_o opinion_n of_o cardanus_n much_o differ_v from_o that_o of_o aristotle_n but_o that_o aristotle_n place_v air_n with_o the_o generation_n cardanus_n vapour_n with_o the_o generation_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o spring_n and_o indeed_o small_a be_v the_o difference_n between_o air_n and_o vapour_n 5._o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n suppose_v rain_n to_o be_v coacervate_v within_o the_o earth_n in_o cavity_n and_o thence_o to_o break_v forth_o as_o from_o a_o mighty_a belly_n and_o that_o all_o river_n spring_v from_o one_o of_o they_o or_o from_o some_o other_o of_o they_o neither_o that_o there_o be_v any_o other_o water_n generate_v but_o what_o be_v collect_v in_o the_o winter_n month_n into_o those_o receptacle_n they_o suppose_v to_o evade_v into_o the_o multitude_n of_o these_o river_n and_o therefore_o that_o they_o flow_v more_o in_o the_o winter_n than_o in_o the_o summer_n and_o that_o some_o be_v continual_a and_o some_o not_z they_o add_v the_o same_o cause_n that_o we_o have_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o first_o opinion_n but_o aristotle_n receive_v this_o opinion_n because_o that_o more_o water_n in_o one_o year_n flow_v out_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n than_o the_o bulk_n of_o that_o whole_a part_n of_o earth_n or_o land_n 6._o of_o modern_a philosopher_n many_o as_o also_o of_o the_o ancient_n determine_v that_o the_o earth_n again_o receive_v whatsoever_o water_n flow_v out_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n into_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o a_o hide_a passage_n go_v under_o the_o earth_n and_o be_v beat_v in_o its_o passage_n through_o divers_a wind_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o strain_v through_o sand_n and_o chalk_n which_o remove_v its_o saltness_n and_o so_o pass_v into_o pure_a water_n i_o also_o defend_v this_o opinion_n and_o suppose_v it_o true_a yet_o so_o as_o not_o to_o exclude_v the_o cause_n lay_v down_o in_o the_o first_o and_o three_o place_n the_o reason_n be_v these_o 1._o because_o more_o than_o one_o thousand_o river_n exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o great_a of_o they_o in_o such_o a_o abundancy_n that_o that_o water_n which_o they_o send_v forth_o into_o the_o sea_n throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n exceed_v the_o whole_a earth_n as_o the_o river_n volga_n into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o also_o other_o river_n therefore_o it_o can_v otherwise_o be_v but_o that_o water_n must_v be_v send_v forth_o into_o many_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n even_o to_o the_o fountain_n of_o river_n now_o if_o that_o this_o be_v not_o so_o we_o can_v not_o possible_o imagine_v how_o that_o the_o sea_n shall_v not_o be_v augment_v unto_o a_o immensity_n or_o why_o fountain_n shall_v not_o cease_v to_o send_v forth_o water_n neither_o may_v it_o be_v object_v that_o so_o many_o vapour_n be_v elevate_v from_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o water_n that_o the_o sea_n have_v receive_v from_o the_o river_n for_o first_o only_a rain_n make_v those_o vapour_n then_o again_o it_o be_v most_o false_a that_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o vapour_n shall_v be_v elevate_v from_o the_o sea_n as_o be_v generate_v from_o the_o water_n which_o flow_v from_o the_o river_n into_o the_o sea_n distant_a fountain_n the_o near_o the_o sea_n be_v salt_a than_o those_o far_a distant_a 2._o this_o opinion_n be_v prove_v from_o that_o to_o wit_n that_o the_o fountain_n near_o the_o sea_n be_v salt_n and_o brackish_a and_o by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v nigh_o to_o the_o sea_n by_o so_o much_o they_o be_v the_o more_o salt_n as_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n especial_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o choromaudel_n in_o india_n where_o no_o vine_n
and_o shore_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o frequent_a observation_n of_o mathematician_n make_v on_o tower_n or_o shore_n testify_v it_o and_o as_o for_o the_o observation_n of_o olearius_n that_o seem_v to_o cause_v no_o small_a difficulty_n here_o for_o that_o the_o caspian_a sea_n be_v no_o high_a than_o the_o vicine_fw-la land_n much_o less_o than_o the_o mountain_n be_v collect_v from_o hence_o viz._n that_o many_o river_n do_v exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n therefore_o we_o must_v say_v that_o refraction_n obstruct_v the_o observation_n of_o olearius_n and_o cause_v the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o appear_v high_a than_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v and_o peradventure_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n increase_v the_o cause_n and_o the_o mountain_n that_o he_o ascend_v be_v none_o of_o the_o high_a some_o discover_v the_o weakness_n of_o this_o argument_n bring_v this_o that_o the_o natural_a place_n of_o water_n be_v above_o the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o that_o it_o must_v cover_v the_o whole_a earth_n because_o that_o it_o be_v high_a than_o the_o earth_n now_o by_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v impede_v from_o its_o natural_a place_n by_o the_o mountain_n above_o the_o earth_n arise_v towards_o the_o mediterranean_a place_n therefore_o that_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v where_o the_o mountain_n and_o elevate_v part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o its_o natural_a place_n do_v press_v down_o the_o subject_v water_n which_o indeed_o be_v in_o its_o natural_a place_n but_o yet_o be_v drive_v or_o press_v to_o the_o bottom_n by_o the_o superior_a water_n which_o be_v not_o in_o its_o natural_a place_n where_o when_o it_o find_v no_o way_n neither_o can_v give_v place_n it_o retire_v towards_o the_o side_n and_o pass_v under_o the_o root_n of_o the_o mountain_n where_o be_v collect_v as_o in_o a_o cistern_n it_o be_v squeeze_v out_o by_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n press_v towards_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o mountain_n no_o other_o than_o in_o a_o vessel_n which_o have_v on_o the_o side_n a_o funnel_n touch_v the_o very_a bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n from_o whence_o we_o infuse_v water_n or_o other_o liquor_n into_o glass_n if_o i_o say_v we_o drop_v in_o a_o stone_n into_o such_o a_o vessel_n full_a or_o half_a full_a of_o liquor_n the_o liquor_n fly_v out_o through_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o funnel_n this_o be_v the_o subtlety_n of_o scaliger_n but_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v very_o thick_a for_o water_n be_v not_o expel_v so_o from_o the_o bottom_n of_o mountainous_a place_n towards_o the_o vortex_n because_o that_o experience_n testify_v the_o contrary_a in_o trench_n and_o if_o that_o be_v so_o all_o spring_n water_n shall_v be_v salt_n moreover_o it_o be_v false_a that_o he_o assume_v that_o part_n of_o the_o water_n be_v not_o in_o its_o natural_a place_n and_o therefore_o press_v down_o the_o subject_v part_n for_o this_o be_v take_v up_o gratis_o and_o 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the_o mountain_n for_o so_o it_o will_v retain_v its_o saltness_n but_o by_o or_o through_o a_o continual_a progression_n of_o the_o watery_a particle_n or_o a_o creep_a in_o the_o terrestrial_a matter_n to_o the_o place_n adjacent_a to_o the_o fountain_n where_o at_o length_n it_o be_v gather_v into_o drop_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o cavity_n and_o continual_a succession_n of_o the_o water_n and_o so_o cause_v a_o spring_n earth_n vein_n of_o water_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o this_o we_o find_v in_o the_o earth_n dig_v to_o a_o great_a depth_n that_o here_o and_o there_o drop_v of_o water_n do_v consist_v and_o be_v force_v by_o those_o that_o be_v nigh_o so_o that_o a_o little_a rivulet_n be_v make_v which_o be_v term_v vein_n of_o water_n many_o such_o rivulet_n if_o collect_v into_o one_o cavity_n make_v a_o fountain_n as_o those_o person_n well_o know_v that_o be_v skill_v in_o make_v of_o fountain_n or_o aquiduct_n or_o wells_n for_o in_o wells_n water_n be_v collect_v from_o many_o drop_n which_o meet_v together_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o well_o from_o the_o adjacent_a earth_n and_o those_o that_o make_v aquiduct_n bring_v the_o water_n by_o gutter_n and_o trench_n into_o one_o place_n so_o that_o the_o drop_n may_v fall_v from_o the_o high_a place_n into_o the_o cavity_n but_o if_o that_o you_o object_n that_o many_o fountain_n bubble_v up_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o stone_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o the_o watery_a particle_n shall_v so_o creep_v forward_o to_o that_o i_o answer_v that_o this_o confirm_v our_o opinion_n for_o those_o stone_n do_v not_o go_v through_o from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n at_o least_o in_o those_o mountain_n where_o the_o fountain_n be_v find_v but_o only_o occupy_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o a_o certain_a small_a profundity_n within_o the_o earth_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v more_o soft_a or_o less_o stony_a or_o at_o least_o such_o as_o may_v receive_v and_o attract_v water_n therefore_o when_o by_o penetration_n it_o be_v come_v to_o the_o stony_a part_n because_o that_o it_o can_v penetrate_v no_o far_o there_o it_o stand_v and_o be_v collect_v into_o drop_n and_o make_v a_o spring_a fountain_n between_o the_o stony_a part_n to_o wit_n if_o that_o a_o passage_n be_v grant_v and_o that_o the_o mountain_n and_o rock_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o st._n helena_n and_o almost_o of_o all_o island_n be_v not_o within_o so_o rocky_a and_o hard_a be_v collect_v from_o hence_o that_o almost_o all_o those_o mountain_n have_v sometime_o burn_v or_o at_o the_o least_o smoke_v which_o be_v discover_v from_o the_o ash_n on_o the_o earth_n and_o also_o the_o brimstone_n or_o sulphur_n find_v in_o those_o place_n add_v moreover_o what_o we_o observe_v before_o that_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o water_n be_v not_o always_o there_o where_o it_o seemeh_a to_o be_v but_o flow_v from_o some_o high_a place_n through_o a_o subterraneous_a passage_n to_o the_o fountain_n and_o so_o cause_v the_o water_n to_o leap_v up_o with_o some_o force_n which_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v do_v in_o many_o fountain_n and_o the_o more_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o fire_n be_v move_v also_o downward_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o continuation_n of_o the_o matter_n when_o in_o truth_n if_o that_o the_o same_o be_v free_a it_o tend_v upward_o so_o if_o you_o put_v the_o end_n of_o a_o long_a piece_n of_o iron_n in_o the_o fire_n this_o will_v penetrate_v through_o the_o whole_a iron_n until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o other_o extreme_a although_o this_o other_o extremity_n do_v not_o tend_v upward_o but_o downward_o answer_v the_o second_o argument_n answer_v so_o much_o for_o the_o first_o argument_n unto_o the_o second_o i_o answer_v that_o a_o reason_n may_v be_v give_v why_o the_o sea_n water_n shall_v not_o penetrate_v so_o much_o into_o the_o earth_n towards_o the_o centre_n as_o towards_o the_o mountain_n viz._n because_o the_o earth_n be_v there_o more_o full_a of_o metal_n and_o hard_a as_o experience_n testify_v but_o where_o it_o be_v not_o so_o hard_a there_o the_o water_n penetrate_v and_o therefore_o we_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o river_n or_o at_o least_o sweet_a or_o salt_n lake_n may_v be_v find_v beneath_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n within_o the_o earth_n towards_o the_o centre_n where_o any_o such_o cavity_n be_v but_o because_o that_o there_o be_v few_o such_o cavity_n and_o that_o every_o where_o the_o earth_n be_v metallous_a and_o hard_o beneath_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n therefore_o it_o can_v continual_o imbibe_n water_n but_o when_o it_o be_v full_a it_o cease_v to_o imbibe_n any_o more_o neither_o do_v it_o receive_v more_o therefore_o than_o the_o water_n glide_v towards_o high_a place_n unto_o the_o motion_n
the_o land_n men._n course_n of_o water_n often_o make_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o men._n the_o ancient_n testify_v that_o the_o nile_n in_o time_n past_a let_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n by_o one_o mouth_n which_o be_v term_v canobus_n unto_o these_o two_o former_a cause_n a_o three_o may_v be_v add_v viz._n human_a industry_n for_o man_n oftentimes_o from_o some_o river_n derive_v course_n of_o water_n and_o prepare_v a_o passage_n or_o channel_n for_o they_o into_o the_o sea_n partly_o to_o water_v their_o field_n and_o partly_o for_o the_o convenience_n of_o navigation_n which_o aqueduct_v in_o progress_n of_o time_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o water_n become_v great_a therefore_o the_o ancient_n write_v and_o that_o not_o without_o probability_n that_o all_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o nile_n except_o canobus_n be_v make_v by_o man_n but_o of_o this_o we_o shall_v treat_v more_o full_o in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n where_o also_o shall_v be_v declare_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o one_o river_n flow_v into_o the_o channel_n of_o another_o wolchda_n in_o moscovia_n not_o wolga_n arise_v from_o a_o lake_n and_o exonerate_v itself_o into_o another_o lake_n river_n and_o riveret_n which_o neither_o exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n or_o into_o other_o river_n be_v either_o arm_n or_o branch_n of_o other_o river_n or_o else_o peculiar_a river_n those_o which_o be_v branch_n of_o other_o river_n very_o probable_o do_v stagnate_n and_o go_v not_o under_o the_o earth_n now_o the_o cause_n why_o they_o tend_v not_o towards_o the_o sea_n be_v twofold_a 1._o because_o the_o channel_n be_v not_o so_o deep_a and_o therefore_o they_o have_v not_o much_o water_n 2._o the_o more_o hard_a earth_n hinder_v the_o progress_n 3._o many_o of_o they_o be_v make_v to_o water_v the_o field_n and_o for_o the_o more_o easy_a use_n of_o water_n 4._o the_o mouth_n be_v obstruct_v the_o sea_n depart_v and_o the_o land_n augment_v or_o promote_a towards_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o bank_n or_o ridge_n generate_v in_o the_o channel_n be_v so_o augment_v that_o they_o admit_v of_o no_o water_n but_o repel_v it_o so_o that_o branch_n of_o the_o rhine_n which_o former_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o belgic_a ocean_n near_o the_o village_n of_o the_o catti_n now_o stagnate_v in_o the_o midway_n between_o leyden_n and_o that_o village_n but_o those_o peculiar_a river_n which_o neither_o exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n nor_o into_o other_o river_n but_o rise_v in_o the_o earth_n seem_v to_o be_v absorb_v by_o the_o earth_n these_o river_n be_v very_o small_a also_o few_o as_o also_o those_o that_o flow_v from_o the_o mountainous_a place_n of_o peru_n india_n and_o africa_n be_v swallow_v up_o either_o within_o the_o sandy_a soil_n or_o be_v abscond_v in_o the_o earth_n so_o at_o meten_v a_o village_n in_o arabia_n near_o the_o gulf_n be_v find_v a_o river_n with_o a_o glorious_a channel_n under_o these_o reed_n in_o the_o summer_n season_n the_o stream_n hide_v themselves_o with_o such_o a_o silent_a course_n that_o there_o appear_v nothing_o of_o humidity_n on_o the_o top_n but_o if_o that_o no_o way_n be_v admit_v to_o these_o riveret_n under_o the_o earth_n they_o make_v marsh_n and_o small_a lake_n notwithstanding_o some_o run_n with_o so_o slow_a a_o stream_n that_o almost_o so_o much_o be_v separate_v by_o exhalation_n as_o they_o receive_v by_o the_o stream_n and_o so_o be_v stay_v on_o the_o earth_n and_o neither_o make_v lake_n nor_o be_v absorb_v as_o the_o riveret_n conitra_fw-mi salle_n marefsa_n jeleesa_fw-mi and_o other_o in_o moscovia_n proposition_n viii_o whether_o the_o passage_n or_o channel_n through_o which_o the_o river_n run_v be_v make_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o man_n or_o by_o nature_n rivers_n of_o the_o channel_n of_o rivers_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o channel_n of_o those_o river_n which_o be_v not_o generate_v with_o the_o earth_n be_v make_v by_o hand_n on_o those_o very_a account_n 1._o because_o that_o experience_n testify_v that_o when_o new_a fountain_n do_v flow_v the_o water_n so_o flow_v out_o make_v not_o a_o certain_a channel_n to_o itself_o but_o do_v dilate_v itself_o through_o the_o adjacent_a land_n and_o therefore_o if_o that_o it_o must_v flow_v there_o be_v need_n of_o the_o help_n of_o man_n to_o hollow_a a_o channel_n 2._o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o man_n have_v make_v many_o channel_n so_o the_o chineses_n make_v a_o channel_n by_o which_o water_n rune_v from_o the_o yellow_a river_n into_o another_o river_n 3._o because_o lake_n and_o marsh_n do_v confirm_v the_o same_o such_o as_o be_v find_v about_o the_o fountain_n of_o many_o river_n that_o be_v on_o a_o plain_a such_o as_o be_v those_o lake_n or_o marsh_n from_o which_o the_o nile_n tanais_n wolga_n and_o other_o do_v flow_v which_o lake_n we_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o be_v generate_v and_o conserve_v from_o the_o effusion_n of_o water_n make_v round_o about_o by_o the_o fountain_n and_o therefore_o man_n make_v a_o certain_a channel_n to_o defend_v their_o field_n from_o such_o a_o water_n into_o which_o channel_n the_o water_n may_v fall_v and_o drain_v the_o land_n the_o same_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o river_n who_o spring_n be_v on_o the_o mountain_n of_o affinity_n to_o this_o proposition_n be_v this_o other_o viz._n whether_o that_o river_n which_o exonerate_v themselves_o into_o other_o or_o meet_v together_o make_v that_o passage_n by_o their_o motion_n or_o whether_o they_o be_v bring_v into_o they_o by_o man_n which_o make_v a_o channel_n the_o latter_a seem_v more_o probable_a for_o the_o reason_n before_o allege_a the_o same_o must_v be_v observe_v concern_v the_o branch_n of_o river_n and_o circumduction_n by_o which_o island_n be_v make_v in_o the_o tanais_n wolga_n etc._n etc._n rivers_n of_o isle_n make_v in_o rivers_n so_o one_o arm_n of_o the_o euphrates_n former_o pass_v through_o the_o ghaldean_a marsh_n be_v let_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n afterward_o it_o leave_v its_o course_n many_o aqueduct_n and_o channel_n be_v make_v by_o the_o native_n to_o water_n their_o ground_n neither_o do_v it_o arrive_v to_o the_o sea_n its_o mouth_n be_v obstruct_v and_o its_o water_n be_v partly_o take_v up_o in_o the_o aqueduct_n that_o be_v make_v and_o partly_o avert_v into_o the_o other_o arm_n which_o exonerate_v itself_o into_o the_o tigris_n and_o so_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o case_n of_o other_o river_n which_o we_o now_o see_v do_v not_o go_v forward_o into_o the_o sea_n but_o to_o stagnate_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o in_o time_n past_a they_o do_v exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n proposition_n ix_o why_o no_o salt_n rivers_n be_v find_v see_v that_o salt-spring_n be_v find_v in_o many_o place_n find_v the_o reason_n why_o no_o salt_n river_n be_v find_v the_o reason_n be_v because_o that_o man_n have_v no_o need_n of_o salt-water_n and_o therefore_o make_v no_o channel_n by_o which_o the_o water_n of_o the_o salt_n fountain_n may_v flow_v by_o reason_n that_o they_o can_v have_v salt_n at_o a_o easy_a rate_n but_o if_o that_o a_o fit_a channel_n be_v prepare_v from_o those_o salt_n spring_n we_o shall_v have_v salt_n rivers_n such_o as_o be_v in_o lunenburgh_n and_o other_o place_n under_o the_o earth_n neither_o do_v we_o question_v but_o that_o many_o river_n of_o salt-water_n do_v flow_v from_o their_o fountain_n under_o the_o earth_n proposition_n x._o the_o channel_n of_o river_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v the_o more_o near_o their_o fountain_n by_o so_o much_o they_o be_v the_o more_o high_a and_o by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v the_o more_o near_o the_o mouth_n of_o river_n and_o the_o sea_n by_o so_o much_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o be_v the_o more_o depress_v rivers_n furthermore_o of_o channel_n of_o rivers_n but_o in_o some_o channel_n some_o part_n more_o remove_v from_o the_o spring_n be_v high_o than_o that_o part_n more_o near_o to_o the_o fountain_n either_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o valley_n as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v in_o their_o channel_n or_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o whirlpool_n yet_o no_o part_n of_o the_o channel_n be_v high_a than_o the_o fountain_n water_n the_o flow_v of_o water_n the_o cause_n or_o reason_n of_o the_o proposition_n be_v manifest_a because_o that_o water_n flow_v not_o but_o from_o a_o place_n more_o high_a to_o a_o place_n more_o low_a and_o so_o every_o part_n of_o the_o channel_n especial_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n be_v low_a than_o the_o spring_n for_o otherwise_o it_o will_v flow_v back_o again_o to_o the_o fountain_n now_o that_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o channel_n do_v decrease_v even_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n that_o at_o least_o be_v true_a concern_v many_o part_n of_o the_o channel_n for_o because_o here_o
the_o great_a mogul_n in_o whatsoever_o place_n he_o be_v cause_v this_o water_n to_o be_v bring_v he_o of_o which_o he_o only_o drink_v some_o will_v have_v the_o water_n of_o the_o nile_n to_o be_v the_o most_o fruitful_a and_o the_o most_o wholesome_a most_o heavy_a water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o iron_n or_o mercury_n in_o great_a river_n we_o must_v have_v respect_n to_o the_o riveret_n of_o which_o they_o be_v compound_v for_o the_o rhine_n receive_v many_o mineral_n riveret_n so_o also_o do_v the_o danube_n of_o gold_n iron_n and_o vitriol_n and_o hence_o have_v they_o their_o quality_n although_o many_o fountain_n have_v little_a of_o they_o proposition_n xx._n some_o river_n every_o year_n at_o a_o set_a time_n be_v so_o augment_v that_o they_o overflow_v their_o channel_n and_o inundate_n the_o adjacent_a land_n river_n of_o the_o increase_n and_o overflow_a of_o river_n the_o most_o famous_a of_o those_o be_v the_o nile_n that_o so_o increase_v that_o it_o overspread_v all_o egypt_n except_o the_o hill_n in_o congo_n angola_n monomotapa_n soffala_n mosambique_n from_o those_o it_o be_v know_v that_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o nile_n be_v the_o great_a lake_n zaire_n nile_n river_n nile_n or_o in_o the_o lake_n zaire_n which_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o procurrent_a of_o africa_n in_o a_o middle_a place_n between_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a shore_n under_o the_o ten_o degree_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la towards_o the_o south_n as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n near_o unto_o this_o lake_n be_v many_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n which_o be_v call_v the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n so_o that_o the_o lake_n lie_v as_o in_o a_o valley_n between_o mountain_n now_o because_o that_o these_o place_n lie_v from_o the_o equator_fw-la towards_o the_o south_n therefore_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o solary_a motion_n require_v that_o they_o shall_v have_v winter_n when_o that_o we_o have_v summer_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o small_a distance_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la they_o feel_v no_o cold_a but_o instead_o of_o snow_n they_o have_v almost_o continual_a rain_n two_o hour_n before_o and_o after_o noon_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o congo_n the_o cloud_n hardly_o permit_v the_o sight_n of_o the_o sun_n with_o the_o same_o cloud_n the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n appear_v as_o cover_v and_o in_o these_o mountainous_a place_n rain_v and_o shower_n be_v almost_o continual_o which_o run_v down_o like_o torrent_n and_o all_o flow_v together_o into_o the_o lake_n zaire_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o nile_n zaire_n cuama_n and_o other_o that_o arise_v from_o the_o same_o lake_n but_o yet_o do_v not_o abound_v with_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n yet_o the_o zaire_n do_v overflow_v every_o year_n as_o the_o nile_n because_o the_o channel_n of_o they_o be_v more_o deep_a and_o after_o a_o short_a tract_n they_o exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n yet_o all_o of_o they_o increase_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o disgorge_v themselves_o of_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n into_o the_o sea_n niger_n river_n niger_n the_o second_o river_n among_o those_o that_o overflow_v the_o adjacent_a land_n at_o a_o certain_a time_n be_v the_o niger_n of_o no_o less_o tract_n than_o the_o nile_n though_o not_o so_o famous_a it_o overflow_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o nile_n do_v the_o three_o river_n of_o the_o overflow_a river_n be_v the_o zaire_n a_o river_n in_o congo_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v zaire_n river_n zaire_n add_v to_o this_o the_o lesser_a river_n of_o congo_n the_o four_o be_v rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plate_n a_o river_n in_o brasil_n which_o overflow_v the_o adjacent_a field_n at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o the_o nile_n plate_n rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plate_n as_o maffaeus_n write_v indus_n rivers_n ganges_n and_o indus_n the_o five_o of_o the_o overflow_a river_n be_v the_o ganges_n the_o six_o be_v the_o river_n indus_n these_o two_o river_n in_o the_o pluvial_a month_n of_o those_o region_n pour_v themselves_o forth_o upon_o the_o land_n without_o their_o channel_n where_o then_o the_o native_n do_v gather_v the_o water_n into_o stand_a pool_n that_o in_o the_o other_o month_n of_o the_o year_n when_o there_o be_v almost_o no_o rain_n they_o may_v thence_o fetch_v water_n and_o this_o inundation_n cause_v great_a fertility_n in_o the_o field_n the_o seven_o comprehend_v many_o viz._n four_o or_o five_o which_o flow_v from_o the_o lake_n chiamy_n in_o a_o moderate_a channel_n and_o exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n pass_v through_o the_o kingdom_n of_o peru_n sian_n and_o other_o that_o which_o pass_v through_o the_o country_n of_o sian_n be_v call_v menan_n and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o inundation_n the_o field_n and_o street_n of_o the_o city_n be_v cover_v with_o water_n so_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o boat_n to_o sail_v from_o one_o house_n to_o another_o and_o this_o inundation_n also_o cause_v exceed_v fertility_n macou_n river_n macou_n the_o eight_o be_v macou_n a_o river_n in_o camboja_n which_o overflow_v in_o the_o summer_n month_n parana_n river_n parana_n the_o nine_o be_v the_o river_n parana_n which_o overflow_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o nile_n do_v the_o ten_o in_o choromandel_n a_o part_n of_o india_n the_o river_n overflow_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o plenty_n of_o water_n that_o flow_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n gatis_n in_o the_o pluvial_a month_n euphrates_n river_n euphrates_n the_o eleven_o be_v the_o euphrates_n which_o at_o set-time_n of_o the_o year_n overflow_v mesopotamia_n the_o twelve_o of_o these_o overflow_a river_n be_v sus_n a_o river_n in_o numidia_n sus._n river_n sus._n which_o overflow_v in_o the_o winter_n i_o have_v not_o read_v of_o any_o other_o river_n that_o i_o can_v remember_v that_o do_v overflow_v in_o a_o anniversary_n time_n of_o the_o year_n although_o some_o may_v do_v it_o in_o most_o year_n to_o wit_n the_o river_n obius_n and_o flavius_n a_o river_n of_o china_n there_o be_v many_o river_n that_o overflow_v without_o any_o order_n or_o in_o a_o set-time_n yea_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o river_n of_o note_a magnitude_n which_o overflow_v not_o its_o bank_n sometime_o so_o it_o be_v evident_a concern_v the_o albis_n the_o rhine_n and_o the_o like_a and_o but_o that_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o channel_n and_o the_o height_n of_o the_o bank_n obstruct_v all_o great_a river_n in_o a_o anniversary_n time_n will_v inundate_n because_o that_o most_o of_o they_o be_v much_o augment_v in_o the_o spring_n season_n and_o it_o may_v so_o happen_v that_o a_o river_n that_o do_v use_v to_o overflow_v may_v begin_v to_o do_v it_o in_o a_o anniversary_n time_n viz._n if_o that_o any_o part_n of_o it_o by_o reason_n of_o ridge_n or_o sand_n or_o any_o other_o way_n become_v high_o and_o the_o coast_n or_o shore_n become_v more_o high_a but_o then_o man_n be_v accustom_v to_o raise_v bank_n the_o only_a cause_n of_o these_o inundation_n be_v the_o abundancy_n of_o water_n which_o in_o some_o example_n allege_v may_v proceed_v peradventure_o from_o dissolve_a snow_n but_o in_o most_o from_o frequent_a ra_n yet_o that_o be_v a_o wonder_n that_o the_o indus_n and_o ganges_n shall_v overflow_v in_o other_o month_n than_o the_o adjacent_a river_n from_o the_o lake_n chiama_n but_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o diversity_n which_o be_v observe_v here_o in_o this_o season_n must_v partly_o be_v take_v from_o the_o anniversary_n rain_v in_o the_o adjacent_a place_n partly_o from_o the_o mountain_n and_o rain_n about_o the_o place_n of_o the_o fountain_n but_o we_o to_o avoid_v prolixity_n shall_v supersede_n to_o discuss_v every_o example_n the_o river_n bibara_n in_o france_n near_o to_o paris_n sometime_o without_o any_o rain_n or_o at_o least_o with_o those_o that_o be_v usual_a so_o swell_v that_o it_o cause_v desolation_n unto_o the_o suburb_n of_o st._n marcellus_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o almost_o all_o these_o inundation_n make_v the_o land_n fruitful_a be_v because_o that_o water_n that_o inundate_v be_v either_o rain_n or_o snow-water_n which_o water_n both_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o spirituous_a lévity_n and_o also_o because_o of_o their_o sulphureous_a substance_n which_o they_o have_v admix_v in_o the_o air._n above_o all_o other_o mineral_n be_v very_o prevalent_a to_o fructify_v and_o be_v also_o wholesome_a now_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o spirit_n and_o sulphur_n in_o rain-water_n be_v prove_v 1._o from_o the_o worm_n that_o be_v generate_v in_o it_o 2._o from_o its_o easy_a putrefaction_n 3._o from_o the_o very_a chemical_a distillation_n yet_o some_o river_n by_o their_o inundation_n do_v not_o make_v the_o earth_n fertile_a but_o rather_o cause_n sterility_n as_o ligeris_n in_o france_n when_o that_o sequana_n make_v they_o
touch_v on_o it_o because_o that_o no_o geographer_n have_v hitherto_o make_v mention_n of_o it_o as_o also_o of_o the_o river_n jeniscea_n and_o yrtiis_fw-la orellana_n the_o river_n orellana_n 7._o orellana_n in_o america_n so_o call_v from_o francis_n orelli_n be_v account_v among_o the_o great_a river_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v fountain_n be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o peru_n in_o the_o province_n of_o quito_n in_o the_o south_n latitude_n of_o 72_o degree_n but_o this_o be_v not_o altogether_o certain_a its_o mouth_n be_v fifteen_o mile_n in_o latitude_n two_o degree_n southerly_a it_o be_v tract_n be_v say_v to_o be_v 1500_o spanish_a mile_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o great_a number_n of_o bend_n when_o that_o in_o truth_n it_o extend_v not_o 700._o other_o confound_v with_o it_o or_o make_v the_o river_n maragnon_n to_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o it_o it_o be_v in_o some_o place_n four_o or_o five_o league_n broad_a but_o it_o receive_v not_o its_o water_n so_o much_o from_o a_o spring_n as_o from_o rains_n fall_v on_o the_o mountainous_a part_n of_o peru_n so_o that_o in_o the_o dry_a mouth_n of_o those_o mountain_n it_o carry_v little_a water_n and_o indeed_o the_o modern_n do_v much_o detract_v from_o its_o magnitude_n plata_fw-la rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la 8._o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la in_o brasilia_n its_o fountain_n be_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o peru_n its_o mouth_n be_v in_o the_o south_n latitude_n of_o 37_o degree_n and_o that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v about_o twenty_o mile_n but_o when_o it_o overflow_v it_o have_v many_o outlet_n which_o some_o account_n for_o one_o at_o that_o time_n it_o carry_v not_o much_o water_n the_o native_n call_v it_o paramaguasu_n that_o be_v a_o water_n like_o the_o sea_n as_o some_o observe_v omaranna_n the_o river_n omaranna_n 9_o omaranna_n also_o a_o river_n in_o brasilia_n flow_v from_o the_o mountain_n of_o peru_n in_o a_o long_a tract_n these_o three_o great_a river_n in_o brasilia_n viz._n orellana_n rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la and_o omoranna_n meet_v somewhere_o in_o some_o lake_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a place_n of_o brasilia_n and_o emorge_v again_o be_v disjoin_v canada_n the_o river_n canada_n 10._o and_o last_o canada_n or_o st._n laurence_n in_o america_n septentrionalis_n its_o spring_n be_v in_o the_o lake_n call_v des_fw-fr iroquis_fw-la it_o be_v large_a mouth_n be_v in_o the_o 50th_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n and_o its_o tract_n be_v no_o lesser_a than_o 600_o german_a mile_n proposition_n xxviii_o whirlpool_n be_v find_v in_o the_o channel_n of_o some_o river_n so_o in_o the_o river_n sommona_n between_o amiens_n and_o abbeville_n in_o picardy_n in_o france_n be_v a_o secret_a whirlpool_n into_o which_o the_o water_n rush_v with_o such_o violence_n that_o their_o sound_n may_v be_v hear_v for_o some_o mile_n proposition_n xxix_o riverwater_n be_v more_o light_a than_o sea-water_n riverwater_n sea-water_n more_o heavy_a than_o riverwater_n the_o cause_n be_v easy_o know_v to_o wit_n sea-water_n carry_v much_o salt_n in_o it_o thence_o it_o happen_v that_o many_o thing_n sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n in_o rivers_n which_o float_v on_o the_o sea_n which_o frequent_o be_v see_v in_o ship_n heavy_a lade_v that_o be_v raise_v up_o in_o the_o sea_n high_o than_o when_o in_o rivers_n now_o various_a be_v the_o proportion_n betwixt_o these_o water_n because_o that_o the_o sea-water_n be_v not_o every_o where_n of_o the_o same_o gravity_n nor_o the_o water_n of_o divers_a river_n but_o yet_o the_o proportion_n be_v about_o 46_o to_o 45_o so_o that_o 46_o ounce_n of_o riverwater_n do_v equal_o ponderate_v 45_o of_o sea-water_n chap._n xvii_o of_o mineral_n water_n bath_n and_o spaw_n because_o that_o there_o be_v many_o kind_n of_o liquid_a body_n or_o water_n the_o peculiar_a property_n of_o which_o man_n do_v admire_v at_o therefore_o geographer_n be_v wont_a to_o treat_v of_o they_o but_o all_o of_o they_o hitherto_o except_o a_o bare_a recital_n of_o their_o name_n and_o a_o reckon_n up_o of_o some_o wonderful_a fountain_n or_o spring_n have_v add_v nothing_o to_o solid_a knowledge_n but_o we_o shall_v treat_v more_o clear_o of_o they_o and_o that_o with_o a_o declaration_n of_o their_o cause_n proposition_n i._n no_o water_n be_v pure_a and_o elementary_a but_o contain_v or_o have_v admix_v particle_n such_o as_o be_v find_v in_o terrestrial_a body_n these_o particle_n be_v not_o only_a earth_n but_o also_o they_o be_v various_a as_o oil_n spirit_n and_o the_o like_a that_o be_v term_v mineral-water_n which_o contain_v so_o many_o or_o such_o particle_n of_o a_o different_a nature_n from_o the_o water_n so_o that_o from_o they_o it_o gain_v or_o have_v notable_a quality_n which_o we_o discover_v by_o sense_n or_o the_o property_n be_v notable_a by_o sense_n particle_n no_o water_n be_v pure_a but_o have_v admix_v particle_n the_o truth_n of_o the_o proposition_n be_v manifest_a by_o experience_n and_o be_v prove_v both_o from_o the_o difference_n of_o taste_n and_o from_o distillation_n and_o all_o naturalist_n agree_v that_o simple_a or_o pure_a water_n as_o the_o other_o element_n separate_v from_o other_o do_v not_o exist_v in_o nature_n the_o cause_n be_v the_o various_a and_o perpetual_a agitation_n of_o the_o particle_n but_o in_o water_n that_o i_o may_v say_v somewhat_o in_o particular_a concern_v our_o matter_n in_o hand_n by_o the_o cause_n of_o admixtion_n of_o heterogeneous_a they_o receive_v spiritual_a particle_n the_o rain_n and_o the_o air_n itself_o touch_v the_o water_n consist_v of_o divers_a particle_n therefore_o all_o water_n have_v admix_v particle_n of_o another_o nature_n but_o there_o be_v not_o the_o like_a quantity_n in_o all_o of_o they_o into_o the_o rhine_n indeed_o the_o danube_n and_o albis_n and_o into_o all_o great_a river_n other_o riveret_n do_v flow_v in_o impregnate_v with_o innumerable_a particle_n and_o in_o such_o quantity_n that_o they_o be_v evident_a to_o the_o sense_n but_o because_o beside_o these_o many_o other_o riveret_n do_v flow_v into_o they_o not_o impregnate_v with_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o heterogeneous_a particle_n as_o be_v discoverable_a to_o the_o eye_n and_o because_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o water_n that_o they_o carry_v consist_v of_o rain_n and_o air_n therefore_o also_o in_o these_o great_a river_n those_o heterogeneous_a particle_n be_v not_o easy_o discover_v but_o must_v be_v separate_v from_o they_o by_o art_n if_o that_o any_o one_o will_v have_v they_o discover_v to_o the_o sense_n but_o we_o shall_v especial_o call_v they_o mineral_n water_n which_o have_v some_o notable_a property_n beyond_o the_o common_a water_n that_o be_v that_o contain_v such_o a_o admixture_n of_o heterogeous_a particle_n that_o thence_o possess_v a_o notable_a and_o sensible_a quality_n proposition_n ii_o mineral_n water_n be_v of_o three_o kind_n water_n of_o mineral_n water_n some_o be_v corporeal_a we_o want_v a_o apt_a word_n other_o spiritual_n otheâ—s_v both_o corporeal_a and_o spiritual_a i_o term_v those_o corporeal_a mineral_n water_n which_o contain_v solid_a and_o fix_a particle_n of_o mineral_n so_o that_o these_o may_v be_v discover_v and_o separate_v by_o the_o sight_n these_o corporeal_a body_n be_v twofold_a some_o carry_v those_o particle_n of_o mineral_n of_o a_o very_a great_a magnitude_n that_o without_o any_o trouble_n or_o very_o little_a at_o the_o least_o they_o may_v be_v behold_v in_o the_o water_n and_o to_o speak_v proper_o they_o be_v not_o commix_v water_n such_o be_v those_o of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n because_o that_o the_o grain_n of_o gold_n silver_n and_o the_o like_a be_v contain_v in_o their_o water_n therefore_o they_o be_v term_v gold_n and_o silver-bearing_a river_n but_o these_o water_n in_o property_n of_o speech_n be_v not_o to_o be_v term_v mineral_n because_o that_o they_o have_v not_o these_o particle_n commix_v with_o they_o but_o free_a neither_o do_v they_o receive_v any_o property_n or_o quality_n from_o they_o yet_o because_o that_o man_n also_o admire_v such_o river_n and_o the_o explication_n of_o they_o have_v great_a affinity_n with_o the_o enodation_n of_o mineral_n water_n proper_o so_o term_v therefore_o i_o comprehend_v they_o under_o the_o general_a appellation_n of_o mineral_n water_n bituminous_a fountain_n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v reduce_v under_o this_o classis_fw-la water_n corporeal_a mineral_n water_n but_o those_o be_v term_v more_o proper_o corporeal_a mineral_n water_n which_o contain_v indeed_o solid_a particle_n of_o mineral_n but_o so_o little_a small_a and_o altogether_o commix_v that_o they_o be_v not_o present_o discover_v by_o the_o sight_n but_o either_o by_o art_n or_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n subside_v and_o concrease_v and_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o sensible_a quantity_n as_o be_v saâ—â—_n spring_n sulphureous_a fountain_n and_o such_o
strait_n 4._o river_n 5._o lake_n 6._o pool_n and_o 7._o marsh_n 1._o marsh_n may_v be_v exsiccate_v or_o drain_v either_o by_o subduction_n of_o the_o water_n or_o by_o exsiccation_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o none_o can_v doubt_v for_o in_o many_o region_n the_o soil_n be_v fruitful_a where_o there_o be_v marsh_n some_o year_n since_o as_o in_o westphalia_n gelderland_n brabant_n holland_n muscovia_n 2._o the_o same_o be_v the_o account_n of_o pool_n see_v that_o they_o differ_v not_o much_o from_o marsh_n proposition_n v._o rivers_n leave_v their_o channel_n or_o shoar_n that_o be_v part_n of_o their_o channel_n and_o afford_v new_a land_n land_n river_n quit_v their_o shoar_n and_o afford_v new_a land_n 1._o if_o that_o they_o carry_v much_o terrestrial_a matter_n sand_n or_o gravel_n with_o they_o which_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n in_o progress_n of_o they_o time_n so_o augment_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o channel_n that_o it_o be_v no_o more_o depress_v than_o that_o place_n from_o whence_o the_o water_n flow_v from_o the_o vicine_fw-la earth_n but_o if_o that_o that_o matter_n sink_v into_o one_o place_n in_o part_n of_o the_o channel_n it_o will_v separate_v one_o part_n which_o then_o at_o length_n will_v be_v dry_v up_o 2._o if_o that_o the_o river_n take_v another_o channel_n whether_o it_o be_v do_v by_o art_n or_o nature_n and_o a_o violent_a cause_n as_o by_o wind_n inundation_n or_o the_o like_a 3._o if_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o river_n be_v obstruct_v or_o cease_v to_o send_v forth_o water_n the_o earth_n be_v fall_v in_o or_o condensated_a or_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o sand_n be_v drive_v by_o the_o wind_n into_o the_o fountain_n or_o adjacent_a place_n example_n of_o river_n who_o channel_n be_v exsiccate_v at_o this_o time_n either_o in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n be_v every_o where_o obvious_a in_o writer_n yet_o not_o of_o great_a river_n but_o of_o small_a or_o of_o the_o part_n of_o any_o great_a river_n so_o a_o channel_n of_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o rhine_n which_o flow_v by_o leyden_n flow_v in_o time_n pass_v into_o the_o german_a ocean_n now_o for_o some_o age_n desert_v by_o the_o water_n at_o this_o day_n be_v land_n the_o rhine_n stagnate_v between_o leyden_n and_o the_o vicus_n cattorum_fw-la the_o shore_n be_v uncover_v from_o the_o water_n of_o river_n and_o that_o some_o river_n run_v in_o a_o more_o narrow_a channel_n than_o they_o do_v former_o be_v manifest_a from_o many_o example_n and_o from_o thence_o that_o some_o at_o this_o day_n be_v not_o navigable_a which_o former_o be_v may_v easy_o be_v collect_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o water_n be_v diminish_v and_o none_o at_o all_o to_o be_v leave_v in_o their_o channel_n at_o some_o time_n or_o other_o as_o in_o the_o river_n scaldis_n therefore_o governor_n of_o commonwealth_n have_v a_o great_a care_n that_o the_o mud_n and_o sediment_n be_v draw_v from_o out_o the_o channel_n of_o river_n that_o they_o may_v remain_v navigable_a as_o be_v see_v in_o many_o place_n but_o great_a river_n can_v be_v dry_v up_o or_o change_v into_o land_n except_o in_o many_o age_n because_o that_o many_o lesser_a river_n flow_v from_o divers_a part_n make_v they_o of_o which_o though_o some_o may_v be_v dry_v up_o or_o change_v their_o course_n yet_o all_o do_v not_o suffer_v the_o same_o except_o in_o a_o long_a space_n of_o time_n and_o the_o channel_n be_v deep_a but_o one_o heap_n or_o ridge_n of_o sand_n may_v cause_v the_o river_n to_o run_v through_o another_o channel_n and_o the_o former_a to_o be_v dry_v up_o yet_o it_o take_v not_o away_o the_o river_n except_o the_o fountain_n or_o branch_n of_o it_o be_v obstruct_v therefore_o it_o be_v true_a that_o neither_o the_o nile_n tanais_n albis_n or_o the_o rhine_n or_o other_o river_n always_o flow_v or_o shall_v perpetual_o flow_v but_o that_o there_o be_v earth_n before_o and_o shall_v be_v afterward_o where_o they_o now_o flow_v proposition_n vi_o lake_n be_v dry_v up_o and_o change_v into_o land_n land_n lake_n dry_v up_o and_o change_v into_o land_n 1._o if_o that_o a_o lake_n be_v constitute_v from_o river_n that_o flow_v in_o that_o mutation_n be_v make_v by_o the_o abduction_n withdraw_a or_o cessation_n of_o the_o river_n and_o also_o by_o evaporation_n 2._o if_o that_o a_o lake_n receive_v water_n by_o a_o subterraneous_a passage_n from_o the_o ocean_n or_o sea_n there_o will_v be_v a_o mutation_n of_o that_o lake_n after_o that_o those_o subterraneous_a passage_n be_v obstruct_v and_o so_o lake_n be_v first_o change_v into_o stand_a pool_n and_o marsh_n then_o at_o length_n into_o dry_a land_n it_o be_v evident_a say_v aristotle_n that_o because_o a_o force_n of_o water_n have_v bring_v in_o mud_n or_o something_o of_o that_o sort_n he_o speak_v of_o lake_n make_v of_o river_n therefore_o stand_v pool_n be_v make_v and_o the_o earth_n be_v dry_a and_o that_o their_o water_n be_v leave_v and_o stand_a in_o succession_n of_o time_n it_o be_v exsiccate_v and_o altogether_o vanish_v so_o the_o land_n that_o touch_v upon_o the_o lake_n maeotis_n by_o the_o soil_n bring_v down_o by_o the_o river_n be_v increase_v so_o much_o that_o ship_n now_o far_o less_o than_o those_o about_o 60_o year_n since_o for_o traffic_v sake_n enter_v into_o it_o there_o be_v many_o example_n find_v of_o small_a lake_n change_v into_o dry_a land_n especial_o in_o holland_n proposition_n vii_o strait_n be_v exsiccate_v and_o change_v into_o isthmuss_n or_o continent_n that_o happen_v streights_n streights_n when_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o continual_a sink_v of_o the_o terrestrial_a matter_n make_v in_o a_o long_a time_n the_o channel_n of_o the_o straight_o be_v become_v so_o high_a that_o it_o deni_v a_o passage_n to_o the_o sea_n so_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o the_o isthmus_n between_o africa_n and_o asia_n be_v a_o straight_a by_o which_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o red-sea_n be_v conjoin_v as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n in_o many_o strait_n at_o this_o day_n the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o channel_n be_v find_v lesser_a than_o in_o former_a time_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a token_n that_o those_o strait_n shall_v have_v no_o water_n in_o they_o in_o the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o shall_v be_v change_v into_o a_o dry_a isthmus_n so_o the_o straight_a through_o which_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n make_v a_o gulf_n which_o the_o hollander_n call_v snyder-zee_a and_o the_o texell_n at_o this_o day_n receive_v no_o large_a land_n ship_n and_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v every_o year_n find_v lesser_a and_o the_o land_n high_o therefore_o where_o the_o water_n be_v at_o the_o texell_n there_o after_o some_o age_n will_v be_v dry_a land_n concern_v the_o vlier_n the_o same_o in_o time_n to_o come_v will_v also_o happen_v proposition_n viii_o the_o bay_n or_o gulf_n which_o the_o ocean_n make_v between_o the_o mid-land_n in_o course_n of_o time_n do_v become_v dry_a place_n land_n bay_n or_o gulf_n in_o time_n do_v become_v dry_a land_n this_o be_v do_v by_o a_o double_a cause_n 1._o if_o that_o the_o straight_a by_o which_o the_o bay_n be_v conjoin_v to_o the_o ocean_n become_v a_o isthmus_n or_o else_o be_v stop_v by_o sand_n and_o gravel_n which_o be_v do_v in_o progress_n of_o time_n as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o precede_a proposition_n for_o by_o this_o cause_n the_o bay_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o a_o part_n or_o member_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v cut_v off_o from_o the_o body_n and_o shall_v become_v a_o lake_n and_o then_o a_o stand_a pool_n and_o marish_a and_o by_o exsiccation_n become_v earth_n and_o no_o water_n shall_v be_v see_v there_o 2._o if_o that_o the_o very_a channel_n of_o the_o bay_n become_v high_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o river_n flow_v into_o it_o and_z carrying_z sand_n along_o with_o it_o that_o it_o in_o time_n can_v receive_v the_o sea_n so_o by_o degree_n the_o sea_n will_v recede_v from_o the_o shore_n of_o that_o bay_n therefore_o the_o mediterranean_a the_o baltic_a the_o red_a persian_a and_o other_o sea_n that_o be_v bay_n of_o the_o ocean_n will_v cease_v in_o time_n to_o be_v sea_n and_o will_v be_v change_v into_o land_n which_o shall_v be_v full_o prove_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n proposition_n ix_o the_o ocean_n for_o sake_v some_o shore_n or_o coast_n so_o that_o it_o become_v land_n where_o the_o ocean_n former_o be_v shore_n where_o the_o ocean_n former_o be_v be_v now_o land_n by_o its_o forsake_v the_o shore_n that_o happen_v for_o these_o cause_n 1._o if_o that_o the_o force_n of_o water_n be_v break_v at_o the_o shore_n by_o rock_n here_o and_o there_o on_o the_o coast_n or_o cliff_n in_o the_o sea_n for_o that_o
force_n be_v break_v the_o terrestrial_a part_n of_o the_o water_n subside_o and_o sink_v and_o augment_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o bank_n of_o sand_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o ocean_n be_v more_o and_o more_o break_a and_o therefore_o more_o terrestrial_a matter_n subside_v so_o that_o the_o ridge_n be_v augment_v they_o exclude_v the_o ocean_n or_o make_v the_o channel_n more_o shallow_a 2._o it_o conduce_v much_o to_o the_o augmentation_n of_o the_o shore_n if_o that_o the_o shore_n be_v sandy_a and_o stony_a that_o the_o ocean_n run_v by_o can_v separate_v or_o take_v away_o little_a with_o it_o so_o that_o when_o it_o can_v take_v away_o nothing_o it_o always_o leave_v some_o particle_n that_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n the_o shore_n become_v more_o high_a and_o force_n or_o stop_v the_o ocean_n from_o its_o accustom_a place_n 3._o if_o that_o another_o adjacent_a shore_n have_v less_o solid_a earth_n that_o be_v light_a and_o full_a of_o cavern_n for_o the_o ocean_n carry_v the_o dissolve_a and_o break_a part_n of_o earth_n to_o the_o vicine_fw-la shore_n 4._o if_o that_o great_a river_n discharge_v themselves_o by_o the_o shore_n into_o that_o sea_n for_o these_o river_n carry_v with_o they_o much_o sand_n and_o mud_n or_o gravel_n when_o that_o they_o arrive_v to_o the_o mouth_n and_o shore_n where_o they_o endeavour_v to_o exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n they_o leave_v it_o partly_o because_o the_o channel_n be_v there_o more_o broad_a and_o partly_o because_o that_o the_o sea_n resist_v the_o flux_n of_o they_o and_o this_o be_v chief_o observe_v in_o region_n which_o river_n overflow_v every_o year_n 5._o if_o that_o frequent_a wind_n blow_v from_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o shore_n and_o the_o shore_n be_v rocky_a and_o firm_a not_o sandy_a 6._o if_o that_o the_o flux_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v swift_a and_o vehement_a and_o the_o reflux_n slow_a and_o gentle_a for_o the_o gentle_a reflux_n take_v not_o away_o the_o matter_n that_o the_o swift_a flux_n bring_v but_o suffer_v it_o to_o sink_v if_o that_o the_o shore_n descend_v oblique_o into_o the_o sea_n for_o a_o long_a space_n and_o bend_v not_o down_o direct_o and_o perpendicular_o for_o so_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n decrease_v and_o leave_v the_o matter_n behind_o nile_n the_o land_n of_o egypt_n cause_v by_o the_o nile_n there_o be_v many_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o it_o be_v evident_a be_v former_o take_v up_o by_o the_o ocean_n where_o egypt_n be_v in_o time_n past_o be_v the_o sea_n as_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o by_o experience_n at_o this_o day_n for_o the_o nile_n flow_v from_o the_o remote_a region_n of_o aethiopia_n and_o every_o year_n enter_v the_o channel_n where_o it_o swell_v it_o expand_v itself_o through_o all_o egypt_n where_o when_o the_o force_n of_o the_o river_n cease_v the_o mud_n sink_v and_o also_o the_o terrestrial_a matter_n which_o the_o swift_a course_n of_o the_o river_n bring_v in_o and_o so_o egypt_n become_v high_a and_o before_o that_o so_o much_o matter_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o the_o nile_n than_o the_o sea_n cover_v the_o land_n of_o egypt_n but_o now_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o admit_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o height_n of_o this_o aristotle_n and_o other_o be_v witness_n his_o word_n be_v these_o this_o place_n and_o the_o whole_a region_n of_o egypt_n which_o be_v only_o make_v by_o the_o river_n seem_v always_o to_o become_v more_o dry_a and_o because_o that_o the_o marsh_n by_o degree_n dry_v up_o the_o adjacent_a place_n begin_v to_o be_v inhabit_v the_o length_n of_o time_n obliterated_a the_o begin_n of_o it_o therefore_o all_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o nile_n except_o that_o of_o canopus_n seem_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o man_n and_o not_o by_o the_o river_n moreover_o all_o egypt_n ancient_o consist_v of_o a_o city_n call_v thebes_n as_o be_v very_o manifest_a which_o homer_n also_o declare_v who_o flourish_v as_o i_o have_v say_v after_o this_o mutation_n for_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o that_o place_n as_o if_o that_o memphis_n as_o yet_o have_v no_o be_v or_o at_o least_o not_o so_o big_a seneca_n here_o explain_v it_o more_o clear_o all_o egypt_n say_v he_o be_v make_v up_o of_o mud_n for_o if_o that_o we_o may_v credit_v homer_n pharos_n be_v so_o far_o from_o the_o continent_n as_o that_o a_o ship_n with_o a_o full_a spread_v sail_n can_v hard_o measure_v or_o encompass_v it_o in_o a_o whole_a day_n but_o it_o be_v now_o adjoin_v to_o the_o continent_n for_o the_o nile_n flow_v muddy_a and_o trouble_a and_o draw_v much_o mud_n with_o it_o and_o so_o add_v to_o it_o the_o former_a land_n have_v make_v egypt_n large_a by_o a_o annual_a increase_n hence_o the_o soil_n be_v muddy_a and_o fat_a neither_o have_v it_o any_o interval_n in_o it_o but_o have_v increase_v to_o a_o solidity_n land_n the_o river_n ganges_n and_o indus_n by_o their_o inundation_n both_o cause_n also_o land_n ganges_n and_o indus_n in_o india_n both_o famous_a river_n have_v cause_v the_o same_o by_o their_o inundation_n that_o the_o nile_n have_v also_o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la in_o brazil_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o china_n be_v generate_v or_o at_o least_o augment_v after_o the_o same_o mode_n by_o reason_n that_o a_o violent_a river_n which_o they_o call_v the_o yellow_a river_n flow_v from_o tartary_n into_o china_n often_o overflow_a although_o not_o in_o a_o anniversary_n time_n have_v so_o much_o sand_n and_o gravel_n that_o it_o make_v the_o three_o part_n of_o its_o water_n these_o example_n demonstrate_v the_o cause_n lay_v down_o in_o the_o four_o place_n viz._n why_o river_n shall_v cause_v the_o sea_n to_o forsake_v the_o shoar_n but_o the_o sea_n itself_o be_v also_o oftentimes_o the_o cause_n of_o its_o departure_n in_o divers_a region_n viz._n whilst_o that_o it_o carry_v and_o lay_v down_o the_o matter_n by_o which_o the_o channel_n and_o shoar_n acquire_v the_o great_a altitude_n and_o admit_v not_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o holland_n zealand_n and_o gelderland_n be_v make_v for_o that_o the_o ocean_n in_o time_n pass_v possess_v these_o country_n be_v know_v both_o from_o ancient_a history_n or_o monument_n as_o also_o from_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o soil_n itself_o the_o shell_n of_o fish_n find_v on_o the_o cliff_n or_o high_a part_n of_o gelderland_n not_o far_o from_o noviomagus_n do_v sufficient_o testify_v the_o same_o as_o also_o shrub_n and_o ouzey_a matter_n find_v in_o the_o profundity_n of_o the_o soil_n add_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v high_a than_o the_o land_n of_o these_o region_n and_o have_v overflow_v it_o and_o will_v cover_v it_o again_o if_o that_o it_o be_v not_o obstruct_v by_o bank_n of_o sand_n and_o rampart_n yet_o there_o be_v some_o that_o say_v they_o suppose_v that_o holland_n and_o zealand_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o rhine_n and_o the_o mosa_n which_o be_v not_o improbable_a proposition_n x._o to_o show_v the_o generation_n of_o sandy-bank_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o elsewhere_o bank_n the_o generation_n of_o sandy_a bank_n we_o term_v those_o bank_n of_o sand_n that_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o river_n to_o that_o height_n that_o they_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o ship_n neither_o do_v they_o differ_v from_o rock_n but_o that_o their_o part_n do_v cohere_v and_o be_v condensated_a but_o the_o sand-bank_n do_v not_o consist_v of_o part_n very_o coherent_a but_o these_o word_n be_v oftentimes_o confound_v the_o sand-bank_n do_v either_o lie_v in_o the_o channel_n of_o river_n as_o many_o be_v in_o the_o wolga_n and_o the_o albis_n or_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o river_n which_o be_v frequent_a as_o in_o the_o wolga_n and_o the_o albis_n or_o on_o the_o seashore_n or_o amid_o sea_n the_o mode_n of_o the_o generation_n be_v the_o same_o by_o which_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o forego_n proposition_n that_o the_o channel_n of_o river_n be_v dry_v and_o the_o sea_n forsake_v the_o shore_n for_o so_o oftentimes_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o ocean_n before_o that_o it_o leave_v part_n of_o the_o earth_n altogether_o first_o generate_v this_o ridge_n of_o sand_n not_o far_o from_o the_o shore_n and_o so_o by_o degree_n retreat_v back_o and_o these_o bank_n become_v part_n of_o the_o continent_n after_o the_o same_o mode_n it_o happen_v in_o the_o channel_n of_o river_n before_o that_o they_o be_v whole_o dry_v and_o forsake_v by_o the_o water_n the_o most_o frequent_a cause_n be_v when_o river_n be_v augment_v by_o rain_n or_o dissolve_v snow_n and_o so_o run_v violent_o for_o then_o where_o their_o motion_n be_v more_o vehement_a and_o channel_n more_o narrow_a they_o eat_v off_o the_o mud_n
and_o sand_n from_o the_o shore_n or_o some_o bank_n also_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o bottom_n be_v advance_v and_o lift_v up_o and_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o impetuosity_n of_o the_o river_n until_o it_o come_v to_o a_o more_o large_a and_o ample_a channel_n and_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o fountain_n or_o cause_n of_o abundancy_n of_o water_n for_o here_o the_o vehemency_n of_o the_o motion_n be_v remiss_a and_o then_o the_o terrestrial_a part_n subside_o and_o sand-bank_n be_v generate_v of_o which_o many_o be_v find_v in_o place_n where_o there_o be_v broad_a river_n but_o none_o almost_o in_o narrow_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o mischief_n which_o take_v away_o more_o splendour_n from_o the_o most_o flourish_a and_o rich_a empory_n or_o place_n of_o trade_n without_o any_o hope_n of_o recovery_n or_o bring_v great_a detriment_n to_o ship_n that_o we_o may_v pass_v over_o those_o ancient_a city_n now_o for_o many_o age_n bury_v in_o oblivion_n we_o have_v example_n before_o our_o eye_n of_o stavoren_n in_o friezland_n armuyen_n in_o zeiland_n of_o dort_n in_o holland_n antwerp_n in_o brabant_n and_o stade_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o bremen_n nothing_o take_v away_o the_o power_n of_o traffic_n from_o these_o city_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o their_o splendour_n and_o riches_n but_o the_o bank_n of_o sand_n arise_v in_o their_o river_n or_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n neither_o be_v there_o almost_o any_o empory_n that_o be_v maritimate_a that_o be_v free_a from_o the_o fear_n of_o these_o sand-bank_n those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o albis_n or_o the_o elbe_n have_v destroy_v many_o hamburgian_n ship_n that_o have_v escape_v the_o grand_a storm_n of_o the_o ocean_n the_o same_o be_v manifest_a in_o other_o to_o he_o that_o consider_v especial_o in_o the_o texel_n and_o vlie_n of_o amsterdam_n they_o be_v discover_v in_o a_o great_a number_n on_o the_o seacoast_n of_o flanders_n and_o friezland_n and_o the_o suff_v of_o the_o sea_n go_v down_o many_o of_o they_o be_v discover_v to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o continent_n for_o the_o channel_n intercede_v have_v then_o little_a water_n and_o admit_v of_o no_o sail_v the_o famous_a or_o rather_o infamous_a among_o mariner_n by_o reason_n of_o shipwreck_n be_v those_o that_o be_v find_v in_o a_o great_a number_n in_o one_o part_n or_o place_n of_o the_o sea_n they_o be_v these_o 1._o the_o sand-bank_n of_o brazil_n abrolhos_n de_fw-fr brasilia_n het_n riff_o van_fw-mi brasilian_n also_o the_o droogte_n van_fw-mi brasil_n they_o lie_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o brazil_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 70_o mile_n which_o the_o mariner_n that_o sail_v to_o the_o indies_n aught_o to_o avoid_v with_o great_a diligence_n whilst_o that_o to_o shun_v the_o calm_a of_o guinea_n they_o sail_v towards_o brazil_n yet_o they_o come_v as_o near_o to_o those_o sand_n as_o they_o may_v that_o they_o may_v have_v the_o great_a wind_n but_o they_o must_v be_v cautious_a that_o they_o be_v not_o carry_v between_o brazil_n and_o the_o sand_n 2._o the_o sand_n of_o st._n ann_n not_o far_o from_o guinea_n six_o degree_n at_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o north_n pole_n ship_n be_v carry_v upon_o these_o come_v not_o off_o without_o great_a danger_n and_o labour_n and_o be_v detain_v for_o many_o day_n when_o that_o seaman_n suppose_v that_o they_o have_v pass_v beyond_o they_o for_o these_o sand_n be_v not_o continual_a but_o they_o be_v disjoin_v by_o broad_a and_o deep_a whirlpit_n or_o gulf_n so_o that_o in_o a_o small_a distance_n here_o be_v a_o depth_n of_o about_o eight_o fathom_n by_o and_o by_o about_o two_o 3._o the_o sand_n between_o the_o isle_n of_o madagascar_n and_o arabia_n call_v baixos_n de_fw-fr india_n they_o be_v sharp_a rock_n of_o coral_n of_o divers_a colour_n 4._o the_o sand_n of_o china_n 5._o the_o sand_n of_o flanders_n but_o more_o may_v be_v see_v in_o geographical_a sea-charts_a we_o have_v declare_v one_o mode_n of_o the_o generation_n by_o which_o these_o sand_n 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the_o wave_n of_o the_o ocean_n repel_v the_o water_n flow_v from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n whence_o all_o the_o force_n cease_v and_o it_o be_v worth_a our_o labour_n to_o distinguish_v and_o consider_v these_o two_o mode_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o sand-bank_n proposition_n xi_o to_o conjecture_v whether_o the_o sand-hill_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o sea_n not_o far_o from_o the_o continent_n shall_v be_v part_n of_o this_o future_a continent_n land_n of_o sand-bank_n or_o hill_n in_o the_o sea_n not_o far_o from_o the_o land_n we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o former_a proposition_n that_o these_o sand-bank_n be_v generate_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n one_o true_o by_o the_o subsidency_n or_o sink_v of_o the_o sand_n into_o the_o sea_n the_o other_o by_o denomination_n viz._n all_o hill_n the_o water_n encompass_v and_o overflow_a the_o earth_n if_o that_o they_o be_v generate_v by_o the_o former_a mode_n and_o be_v find_v to_o increase_v more_o and_o more_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o they_o will_v join_v to_o the_o continent_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o sea_n will_v be_v dry_v between_o these_o sand-bank_n and_o the_o adjacent_a land_n but_o if_o that_o the_o sand-bank_n be_v generate_v after_o the_o second_o mode_n than_o we_o may_v conjecture_v that_o those_o sand-bank_n will_v not_o so_o easy_o be_v conjoin_v to_o the_o adjacent_a earth_n but_o that_o the_o sea_n rather_o will_v far_o overspread_v the_o land_n proposition_n xii_o island_n be_v produce_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o rivers_n after_o the_o same_o mode_n that_o sand-bank_n be_v yea_o island_n may_v proceed_v from_o sand-bank_n yet_o they_o be_v also_o make_v after_o another_o mode_n island_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o island_n for_o if_o that_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o sand_n gravel_n mud_n and_o ouze_n be_v aggregated_a in_o progress_n of_o time_n that_o it_o become_v high_a than_o the_o sea_n it_o will_v become_v a_o island_n which_o be_v the_o first_o mode_n then_o by_o the_o second_o mode_n if_o that_o the_o sea_n break_v into_o the_o land_n overflow_v only_o the_o low_a part_n but_o not_o the_o high_a and_o the_o hill_n those_o will_v be_v island_n and_o by_o this_o latter_a mode_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o those_o island_n be_v generate_v or_o have_v original_a which_o arise_v to_o a_o huge_a altitude_n as_o st._n helena_n ascension_n and_o the_o like_a especial_o those_o which_o be_v rocky_a and_o stony_a sea_n sicilia_n separate_v from_o italy_n by_o the_o sea_n hitherto_o appertain_v island_n which_o the_o sea_n have_v cut_v off_o from_o the_o prominent_a land_n so_o writer_n testify_v and_o the_o poet_n verse_n be_v know_v that_o sicilia_n be_v separate_v from_o italy_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o first_o mode_n viz._n the_o subsidency_n and_o congregation_n of_o many_o terrestrial_a particle_n the_o island_n of_o zealand_n denmark_n and_o japan_n have_v their_o original_n the_o same_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o molucco_n isle_n for_o if_o that_o you_o dig_v on_o the_o plain_a to_o a_o small_a depth_n you_o shall_v meet_v with_o a_o abundance_n of_o sand_n and_o shell_n sea_n other_o isle_n separate_v from_o the_o continent_n by_o the_o sea_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o ceiland_n relate_v that_o the_o isle_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o procurrent_a of_o india_n and_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a so_o the_o isle_n of_o sumatra_n be_v suppose_v former_o to_o have_v be_v unite_v to_o malacca_n the_o isle_n of_o the_o maldives_n in_o time_n past_a be_v be_v say_v to_o adhere_v to_o india_n and_o be_v a_o continuous_a continent_n yet_o at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v far_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o divide_v into_o a_o innumerable_a many_o
isle_n esteem_v about_o 1100_o neither_o ought_v we_o to_o doubt_v of_o it_o see_v that_o narrow_a euripuse_n pass_v through_o every_o two_o of_o these_o maldivian_n isle_n so_o that_o in_o some_o place_n they_o exceed_v not_o four_o or_o five_o ell_n but_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n many_o of_o they_o unite_v into_o one_o the_o euripus_n be_v diminish_v and_o all_o of_o they_o at_o length_n will_v conjoin_v in_o one_o oblong_v island_n yea_o all_o the_o oriental_a isle_n situate_a between_o the_o continent_n of_o asia_n and_o the_o land_n of_o magellan_n in_o a_o great_a number_n seem_v to_o arise_v from_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o ocean_n the_o land_n be_v separate_v for_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v move_v by_o a_o perpetual_a motion_n and_o force_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n that_o be_v from_o america_n to_o those_o oriental_a isle_n moreover_o a_o perpetual_a wind_n great_o augment_v the_o violence_n of_o the_o ocean_n towards_o that_o oriental_a quarter_n therefore_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a see_v that_o all_o these_o island_n be_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n but_o that_o asia_n former_o do_v adhere_v to_o the_o south-land_n or_o that_o of_o magellan_n in_o a_o continual_a tract_n of_o land_n then_o at_o length_n the_o violence_n of_o the_o ocean_n eat_v off_o and_o separate_v sometime_o here_o and_o sometime_o there_o until_o that_o a_o way_n be_v make_v on_o every_o side_n it_o be_v conjoin_v to_o the_o indian_a ocean_n and_o make_v so_o many_o island_n as_o that_o we_o stand_v amaze_v at_o this_o day_n in_o that_o quarter_n be_v distant_a a_o very_a small_a space_n java_n celebe_n borneo_n madera_n amboina_fw-la etc._n etc._n concern_v the_o island_n in_o the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n as_o also_o in_o the_o strait_n of_o malacca_n we_o conjecture_v altogether_o the_o same_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o aegean_a sea_n whether_o they_o have_v a_o be_v from_o the_o divulsion_n make_v by_o or_o from_o the_o sea_n the_o sea_n flow_v from_o the_o euxine_a sea_n and_o the_o mediterranean_a raise_v up_o of_o contrary_a flood_n or_o after_o the_o former_a mode_n by_o a_o subsidency_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a matter_n which_o the_o propontis_n have_v carry_v from_o the_o euxine_a sea_n as_o yet_o i_o doubt_v it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o a_o divulsion_n be_v make_v and_o peradventure_o that_o famous_a inundation_n of_o deucalion_n here_o also_o exercise_v its_o force_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o isle_n euboea_n at_o this_o day_n call_v negropont_n do_v former_o adhere_v to_o greece_n as_o author_n of_o no_o mean_a credit_n do_v relate_v for_o so_o small_a a_o euripus_n interflow_v that_o it_o may_v be_v join_v by_o a_o bridge_n we_o shall_v show_v that_o island_n may_v be_v make_v of_o sand-bank_n by_o many_o example_n so_o the_o island_n in_o the_o river_n nile_n and_o in_o the_o river_n of_o st._n laurence_n be_v former_o sand-bank_n river_n make_v island_n after_o another_o manner_n when_o that_o they_o send_v forth_o a_o branch_n which_o they_o receive_v into_o themselves_o in_o another_o place_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o wolga_n tanais_n and_o other_o place_n that_o this_o be_v not_o do_v by_o nature_n but_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o man_n we_o ought_v not_o to_o question_v the_o river_n ob_fw-la do_v the_o same_o these_o two_o river_n rengo_n and_o coanza_n make_v the_o isle_n loanda_n situate_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n which_o exonerate_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n in_o that_o place_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o bring_v great_a store_n of_o mud_n and_o rubbish_n with_o they_o they_o fall_v with_o a_o exceed_a force_n from_o mountainous_a place_n so_o that_o they_o lest_o this_o and_o as_o yet_o the_o same_o in_o their_o inlet_n and_o so_o in_o course_n of_o time_n make_v the_o island_n landa_n first_o make_v a_o sand-bank_n now_o most_o fertile_a and_o likewise_o populous_a and_o so_o we_o suppose_v that_o many_o sand-bank_n former_o make_v the_o island_n situate_v at_o the_o coast_n although_o that_o some_o be_v also_o cause_v by_o a_o divulsion_n make_v by_o the_o sea_n as_o norway_n and_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o this_o be_v the_o mode_n of_o generation_n of_o island_n in_o stony_a and_o rocky_a isle_n but_o in_o the_o indian_a sea_n island_n may_v have_v a_o original_a both_o by_o divulsion_n and_o subsidence_n or_o sink_v of_o matter_n because_o that_o whilst_o it_o force_v away_o it_o also_o eat_v between_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o at_o length_n it_o put_v in_o another_o place_n unto_o this_o many_o furious_a wind_n which_o be_v very_o frequent_a in_o the_o pluvial_a month_n from_o may_n to_o september_n do_v much_o conduce_v for_o by_o these_o the_o sea_n be_v mighty_o trouble_v so_o that_o the_o sand_n and_o gravel_n be_v separate_v from_o its_o bottom_n and_o from_o other_o region_n which_o matter_n be_v force_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n so_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o port_n of_o goa_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o winter-wind_n from_o may_n to_o september_n be_v so_o obstruct_v with_o congest_a heap_n of_o sand_n that_o they_o hardly_o afford_v a_o passage_n to_o small_a vessel_n so_o these_o heap_n of_o sand_n shut_v up_o the_o port_n of_o cocin_n on_o those_o month_n so_o that_o neither_o small_a nor_o great_a vessel_n can_v pass_v for_o a_o continual_a rain_n on_o the_o mountain_n gatis_n and_o a_o frequent_a ecnephias_n or_o impetuous_a wind_n from_o a_o cloud_n break_v forth_o with_o a_o abundance_n of_o water_n from_o the_o cloud_n which_o be_v behold_v to_o hang_v as_o it_o be_v on_o the_o top_n of_o gatis_n send_v forth_o such_o a_o abundance_n of_o water_n and_o with_o that_o violence_n that_o it_o carry_v much_o sand_n with_o it_o to_o the_o shore_n where_o the_o ocean_n resist_v which_o sand_n when_o that_o the_o winter_n end_v be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o ocean_n and_o the_o port_n be_v open_v there_o be_v some_o land_n so_o nigh_o the_o shore_n that_o the_o flux_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v make_v they_o island_n and_o in_o the_o reflux_n they_o be_v in_o appearance_n part_n of_o the_o continent_n and_o if_o that_o the_o interpose_a channel_n acquire_v a_o great_a altitude_n in_o progress_n of_o time_n at_o length_n the_o flux_n of_o water_n be_v exclude_v and_o the_o island_n become_v part_n of_o the_o continent_n without_o reciprocal_a mutation_n and_o also_o the_o nile_n overflow_a egypt_n every_o year_n cause_v the_o city_n and_o hill_n of_o egypt_n then_o to_o seem_v island_n so_o the_o river_n wolga_n do_v so_o increase_v in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n and_o june_n that_o it_o cover_v the_o sand_n and_o island_n and_o many_o of_o the_o isle_n that_o adjoyn_v unto_o india_n become_v sands_n in_o the_o pluvial_a month_n where_o that_o the_o nile_n and_o the_o ganges_n do_v overflow_v the_o region_n proposition_n xiii_o there_o be_v yet_o another_o mode_n beside_o the_o two_o already_o relate_v by_o which_o island_n have_v a_o be_v or_o original_a viz._n for_o the_o coherent_a earth_n sudden_o to_o be_v carry_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o superficies_n original_a another_o mode_n by_o which_o island_n have_v a_o original_a other_o suppose_v this_o mode_n and_o that_o not_o undeserved_o to_o have_v proceed_v from_o the_o fabulous_a grecian_n and_o poet_n but_o seneca_n a_o grave_a author_n relate_v that_o the_o island_n thracia_n in_o his_o time_n spring_v up_o in_o the_o aegean_a sea_n whilst_o that_o the_o mariner_n look_v on_o although_o therefore_o that_o very_o few_o example_n of_o such_o production_n of_o island_n be_v to_o be_v find_v yet_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v impossible_a for_o it_o may_v be_v that_o a_o porous_a spungy_a sulphureous_a earth_n do_v exist_v as_o there_o be_v a_o various_a difference_n and_o mixture_n of_o sight_n earth_n which_o even_o now_o have_v increase_v to_o a_o notable_a altitude_n yet_o so_o as_o that_o it_o yet_o remain_v beneath_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n now_o if_o that_o such_o a_o sand_n or_o earth_n adhere_v less_o firm_a at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o may_v be_v separate_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n because_o that_o it_o be_v little_o light_a than_o the_o water_n or_o almost_o of_o the_o same_o levity_n therefore_o it_o will_v ascend_v to_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n and_o sudden_o a_o island_n will_v seem_v to_o spring_v up_o or_o a_o spirit_n or_o wind_n include_v in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n without_o any_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o endeavour_v to_o break_v forth_o may_v send_v forth_o such_o a_o island_n above_o the_o water_n for_o great_a be_v the_o force_n of_o wind_n include_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o require_v a_o large_a space_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o
earthquake_n by_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o sometime_o mountain_n be_v send_v forth_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o sometime_o swallow_v up_o the_o same_o be_v manifest_a from_o warlike_a mine_n where_o the_o wind_n break_v up_o great_a tower_n and_o wall_n and_o carry_v they_o into_o the_o air._n if_o that_o therefore_o such_o a_o island_n of_o a_o sudden_a spring_a in_o the_o sea_n adhere_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n we_o must_v necessary_o say_v that_o it_o be_v force_v upward_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o some_o subterraneous_a wind_n as_o some_o write_v that_o mountain_n sometime_o be_v thrust_v forth_o of_o the_o earth_n but_o if_o that_o it_o no_o long_o adhere_v to_o the_o bottom_n as_o well_o the_o wind_n as_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o water_n may_v separate_v it_o from_o the_o bottom_n so_o that_o at_o length_n by_o its_o own_o levity_n it_o be_v carry_v upward_o to_o the_o superficies_n proposition_n fourteen_o whence_o another_o doubt_n do_v arise_v viz._n whether_o that_o there_o be_v certain_a island_n that_o swim_v on_o the_o sea_n as_o thales_n suppose_v the_o whole_a earth_n to_o swim_v on_o the_o ocean_n for_o the_o opinion_n of_o thales_n it_o be_v sufficient_o refute_v see_v that_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v find_v continuous_a to_o the_o land_n but_o reason_n persuade_v we_o that_o there_o may_v be_v swim_v island_n if_o that_o the_o land_n be_v light_a and_o sulphureous_a seneca_n add_v experience_n for_o he_o say_v that_o he_o see_v the_o isle_n catylias_n swim_v which_o have_v tree_n and_o bring_v forth_o grass_n and_o herb_n that_o the_o water_n sustain_v it_o and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o drive_v hither_o and_o thither_o by_o the_o wind_n but_o also_o by_o the_o air_n and_o that_o it_o continue_v not_o in_o one_o station_n either_o by_o day_n or_o by_o night_n moreover_o there_o be_v another_o island_n in_o the_o lake_n vadimon_n another_o in_o the_o lake_n station_n so_o the_o ancient_n relate_v that_o 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and_o be_v move_v about_o although_o that_o it_o be_v apt_a for_o pasturage_n as_o boetius_fw-la write_v hitherto_o we_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o land_n or_o of_o the_o acid_n part_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v extant_a on_o the_o superficies_n we_o shall_v now_o consider_v how_o the_o ocean_n and_o water_n may_v change_v their_o place_n and_o possess_v new_a proposition_n xv._o rivers_n possess_v certain_a tract_n of_o land_n which_o they_o possess_v not_o before_o and_o that_o for_o divers_a reason_n before_o certain_a tract_n of_o land_n which_o river_n possess_v which_o they_o possess_v not_o before_o 1._o when_o that_o they_o first_o arise_v from_o their_o fountain_n and_o receive_v a_o channel_n either_o from_o nature_n or_o by_o art_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o fifteen_o chapter_n 2._o if_o that_o a_o river_n make_v another_o channel_n for_o itself_o or_o send_v forth_o a_o branch_n from_o itself_o which_o be_v most_o common_o do_v by_o man_n viz._n that_o they_o may_v bring_v part_n of_o the_o river_n unto_o city_n or_o into_o another_o river_n example_n of_o which_o we_o have_v allege_v in_o the_o forecited_a chapter_n 3._o if_o that_o river_n more_o and_o more_o possess_v the_o bank_n in_o progress_n of_o time_n which_o happen_v 1._o if_o that_o the_o channel_n become_v high_a from_o the_o sink_v down_o of_o the_o earth_n or_o sand._n 2._o if_o that_o it_o eat_v off_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bank_n by_o its_o swift_a course_n 3._o if_o that_o it_o be_v augment_v by_o another_o river_n and_o by_o a_o abundance_n of_o rain_n or_o a_o exhydria_n or_o impetuous_a wind_n accompany_v with_o a_o mighty_a fall_n of_o water_n 4._o if_o that_o they_o overflow_v the_o earth_n which_o if_o not_o go_v back_o again_o but_o do_v more_o and_o more_o augment_v they_o become_v lake_n or_o if_o they_o return_v to_o their_o ancient_a channel_n the_o water_n be_v effuse_v into_o the_o field_n become_v a_o marsh_n if_o that_o there_o be_v great_a abundance_n of_o it_o corollary_n it_o be_v probable_a therefore_o then_o that_o there_o be_v a_o time_n in_o which_o those_o tract_n of_o land_n which_o now_o the_o rhine_n elbe_n and_o the_o nile_n possess_v as_o also_o other_o river_n be_v dry_a and_o possess_v by_o the_o earth_n proposition_n xvi_o lake_n marsh_n and_o standing-pool_n occupy_v part_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o before_o they_o possess_v not_o not_o lake_n marsh_n and_o pool_n possess_v part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o former_o they_o do_v not_o 1._o when_o that_o they_o first_o spring_v up_o and_o be_v augment_v in_o progress_n of_o time_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o fifteen_o chapter_n 2._o if_o that_o abundance_n of_o rain_n fall_v 3._o if_o that_o river_n bring_v store_n of_o water_n with_o force_n into_o the_o lake_n 4._o if_o that_o the_o channel_n become_v more_o high_a 5._o if_o that_o the_o lake_n be_v agitate_a by_o often_o and_o more_o vehement_a flood_n by_o degree_n do_v more_o eat_v the_o bank_n and_o cover_v the_o land_n with_o water_n so_o the_o lake_n of_o harlem_n within_o thirty_o or_o forty_o year_n have_v extend_v beyond_o its_o former_a bank_n about_o the_o space_n of_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o a_o mile_n corollary_n therefore_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o there_o be_v a_o time_n when_o those_o tract_n of_o land_n which_o now_o the_o lake_n zaire_n lemanus_n parina_n harlem_n maeotis_n or_o the_o marsh_n of_o westphalia_n and_o all_o other_o former_o possess_v be_v dry_a land_n proposition_n xvii_o the_o ocean_n possess_v part_n of_o the_o land_n which_o former_o it_o do_v not_o possess_v possess_v land_n possess_v by_o the_o ocean_n which_o former_o it_o do_v not_o possess_v this_o happen_v after_o various_a manner_n 1._o when_o that_o break_n through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o land_n it_o make_v streights_n and_o gulf_n as_o the_o mediterranean_a the_o arabian_a that_o of_o bengala_n camboja_n and_o such_o like_a so_o the_o straight_a between_o sicily_n and_o italy_n between_o geilan_n and_o india_n between_o greece_n and_o euboeja_n between_o manilla_fw-la and_o magellan_n and_o also_o the_o danish_a etc._n etc._n neither_o be_v it_o improbable_a but_o that_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n be_v so_o generate_v and_o that_o america_n be_v so_o divide_v from_o the_o old_a world_n or_o at_o least_o from_o europe_n which_o some_o do_v the_o more_o easy_o embrace_v that_o they_o may_v thence_o only_o deduct_v the_o original_a of_o the_o american_n nation_n from_o adam_n indeed_o the_o egyptian_a priest_n relate_v unto_o solon_n about_o six_o hundred_o year_n before_o christ_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o dialogue_n of_o plato_n term_v timon_n that_o there_o be_v former_o opposite_a to_o the_o herculean_a streight_n of_o gibraltar_n a_o isle_n big_a than_o asia_n and_o europe_n together_o call_v atlantis_n and_o that_o part_n of_o it_o afterward_o by_o a_o great_a earthquake_n and_o a_o great_a deluge_n of_o one_o day_n and_o one_o night_n be_v swallow_v up_o in_o the_o ocean_n from_o which_o narration_n we_o may_v collect_v that_o in_o former_a time_n among_o the_o egyptian_n there_o be_v a_o fame_n especial_o among_o those_o that_o be_v learned_a of_o the_o separation_n of_o america_n from_o our_o world_n make_v many_o age_n before_o but_o it_o be_v far_o more_o likely_a that_o the_o north_n part_n of_o america_n in_o which_o be_v new_a france_n new_a england_n canada_n and_o the_o like_a do_v in_o former_a age_n adhere_v to_o ireland_n the_o ancient_n write_v that_o the_o strait_n of_o gibraltar_n be_v dug_n through_o by_o hercules_n 2._o when_o with_o a_o violent_a wind_n the_o ocean_n be_v force_v and_o overflow_v the_o land_n by_o break_v through_o or_o over_o the_o bank_n that_o be_v make_v by_o nature_n and_o art_n there_o be_v
or_o force_v in_o and_o therefore_o a_o general_a wind_n be_v consider_v especial_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n most_o remote_a from_o the_o land_n 2._o yet_o another_o wind_n may_v also_o blow_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n viz._n if_o that_o in_o another_o a_o cloud_n or_o other_o cause_n generate_a of_o a_o wind_n be_v very_o great_a from_o these_o two_o cause_n it_o happen_v that_o a_o general_a wind_n be_v less_o or_o more_o constant_a or_o continual_a in_o divers_a placer_fw-la now_o the_o general_a wind_n be_v only_o find_v in_o the_o sea_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n or_o that_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o tropic_n about_o the_o whole_a earth_n yet_o in_o some_o place_n it_o extend_v itself_o without_o the_o tropic_n the_o space_n of_o 7_o degree_n and_o they_o be_v call_v eastern_a that_o be_v the_o east-wind_n or_o collateral_a to_o the_o east_n as_o the_o southeast_n north-east_n viz._n which_o blow_n from_o the_o east_n towards_o the_o west_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n but_o they_o do_v not_o consist_v with_o the_o like_a constancy_n in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o that_o sea_n but_o in_o some_o they_o be_v more_o hinder_v and_o in_o some_o less_o they_o be_v more_o constant_a in_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n viz._n in_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o tropic_n so_o that_o ship_n that_o lose_v from_o the_o port_n of_o aquapulco_n in_o new_a spain_n in_o america_n towards_o the_o philippin_n isle_n that_o be_v such_o as_o steer_v their_o course_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n oftentimes_o for_o 60_o degree_n sail_v continual_o without_o any_o alteration_n or_o furl_v of_o the_o sail_n with_o a_o constant_a east_n or_o north-east_n wind_n neither_o unto_o this_o day_n have_v any_o ship_n in_o that_o most_o long_a voyage_n of_o 1650_o mile_n be_v cast_v away_o whence_o the_o mariner_n say_v that_o they_o may_v sleep_v secure_o in_o this_o voyage_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o need_n of_o guide_v the_o ship_n see_v 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make_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o brazil_n or_o the_o other_o isle_n call_v ascension_n to_o water_n at_o if_o then_o you_o demand_v by_o what_o course_n they_o sail_v when_o that_o the_o ship_n make_v a_o contrary_a voyage_n in_o this_o sea_n viz._n whilst_o that_o they_o steer_v from_o the_o philippin_n isle_n unto_o new_a spain_n or_o from_o brazil_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o st._n helena_n unto_o the_o promontory_n of_o good-hope_a whilst_o that_o they_o sail_v from_o india_n in_o these_o voyage_n the_o reader_n must_v know_v that_o mariner_n use_v a_o threefold_a mode_n for_o either_o they_o navigate_v the_o sea_n situate_v without_o the_o tropic_n therefore_o they_o do_v not_o touch_v at_o the_o isle_n of_o st._n helena_n whilst_o that_o they_o sail_v from_o europe_n into_o india_n or_o where_o necessary_o they_o must_v pass_v by_o this_o they_o do_v not_o direct_o steer_v their_o course_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n but_o oblique_o from_o the_o north_n the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o it_o to_o the_o south_n or_o the_o collateral_a quarter_n of_o it_o or_o last_o they_o choose_v such_o a_o time_n of_o navigation_n in_o which_o they_o know_v that_o that_o general_a wind_n be_v impede_v often_o by_o other_o but_o this_o latter_a because_o that_o it_o happen_v rare_o therefore_o they_o rather_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o two_o former_a modes_n of_o which_o we_o sâ—ll_z speak_v more_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o navigation_n therefore_o there_o be_v two_o sea_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n in_o which_o that_o general_a oriental_a wind_n with_o its_o collateral_n reign_v throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n viz._n that_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o procurrent_a of_o africa_n and_o brazil_n the_o other_o be_v that_o which_o be_v extend_v between_o new_a spain_n or_o rather_o between_o america_n and_o the_o oriental_a island_n of_o which_o the_o philippin_n be_v a_o part_n the_o three_o part_n of_o this_o sea_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n viz._n between_o the_o 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stately_a its_o street_n large_a its_o church_n beautiful_a and_o rich_o adorn_v and_o its_o royal_a palace_n sumptuous_a and_o stately_a this_o city_n be_v famous_a for_o the_o general_a council_n there_o hold_v for_o the_o establishment_n of_o the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n italy_n particular_o so_o call_v the_o second_o part_n of_o italy_n according_a to_o our_o method_n will_v contain_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o church_n and_o toscane_a which_o may_v again_o be_v subdivide_v into_o other_o which_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o geographical_a table_n of_o which_o in_o order_n ferraresse_n territory_n of_o ferraresse_n the_o territory_n of_o ferraresse_n about_o 160_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o 50_o in_o breadth_n have_v once_o duke_n of_o its_o own_o but_o now_o belong_v to_o the_o pope_n its_o chief_a place_n be_v ferrara_n so_o call_v from_o the_o iron-mine_n about_o it_o it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o po_n which_o serve_v as_o a_o rampire_n to_o defend_v it_o on_o the_o one_o side_n as_o do_v a_o strong_a wall_n well_o fortify_v with_o a_o spacious_a mote_n on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v about_o five_o mile_n in_o compass_n beautiful_o build_v and_o adorn_v with_o superb_fw-la edifice_n and_o be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o pleasant_a city_n in_o italy_n have_v in_o the_o midst_n thereof_o a_o spacious_a green_n into_o which_o do_v open_a about_o 20_o street_n most_o of_o which_o be_v about_o half_a a_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o so_o even_a and_o uniform_a that_o from_o thence_o the_o utmost_a end_n of_o each_o may_v be_v easy_o discover_v it_o be_v well_o inhabit_v rich_a and_o dignify_v with_o a_o university_n bolognois_fw-fr province_n of_o bolognois_fw-fr the_o province_n of_o bolognois_fw-fr eastward_n of_o modena_n have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n bologna_n once_o the_o head_n of_o 12_o city_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o river_n aposa_n and_o in_o a_o large_a and_o fertile_a territory_n for_o corn_n wine_n fruit_n and_o olive_n it_o be_v about_o five_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o begird_v with_o a_o wall_n this_o city_n be_v adorn_v with_o many_o fair_a and_o proud_a building_n in_o which_o they_o observe_v a_o uniformity_n among_o which_o be_v the_o pope_n palace_n for_o his_o retirement_n which_o for_o grandeur_n and_o statelyness_n be_v fit_a to_o give_v entertainment_n to_o any_o prince_n in_o christendom_n it_o be_v dignify_v with_o the_o chief_a university_n of_o italy_n famous_a for_o the_o study_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n it_o be_v proud_o build_v have_v spacious_a court_n romandiola_n province_n of_o romandiola_n romandiola_n or_o romagne_n eastward_n of_o bolognese_n have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n 1._o ravenna_n seat_v on_o the_o adriatic_a and_o once_o a_o place_n of_o good_a account_n have_v one_o of_o the_o fair_a havens_n in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v now_o choke_v up_o this_o city_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n and_o his_o successor_n then_o of_o the_o gothish_a king_n and_o 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its_o building_n especial_o in_o its_o suburb_n which_o be_v sever_v from_o the_o city_n by_o a_o wall_n which_o give_v entrance_n by_o six_o gate_n as_o touch_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o shall_v include_v it_o under_o this_o city_n as_o be_v the_o chief_a place_n of_o traffic_n the_o commodity_n export_v be_v the_o product_n of_o the_o country_n already_o treat_v of_o and_o those_o import_v be_v all_o sort_n of_o english_a commodity_n especial_o apparel_n silk_n stuff_n etc._n etc._n also_o wine_n oil_n and_o several_a other_o commodity_n their_o coin_n as_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o england_n have_v correspondency_n therewith_o and_o be_v here_o currant_n as_o also_o those_o of_o spain_n and_o a_o irish_a pound_n which_o consist_v of_o 20_o s._n be_v but_o 15_o s._n sterling_a which_o make_v their_o shilling_n but_o 9_o d._n sterling_a and_o as_o to_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n they_o be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o england_n where_o see_v 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commodious_o seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o county_n delvin_n seat_v on_o the_o summit_n of_o a_o hill_n a_o town_n dignify_v with_o a_o barony_n delvin_n delvin_n and_o kelskery_n kelskery_n kelskery_n describe_v county_n of_o longford_n describe_v longford_n a_o county_n almost_o encompass_v with_o lake_n and_o river_n among_o which_o be_v the_o shannon_n the_o noble_a river_n in_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v sever_v into_o six_o barony_n viz._n ardagh_n granard_n moydow_n longford_n rathline_n and_o abbyshrewle_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n longford_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o county_n seat_v on_o the_o lake_n eske_n longford_n longford_n or_o rather_o on_o the_o shannon_n ardragh_fw-mi another_o good_a town_n ardragh_fw-mi ardragh_fw-mi describe_v county_n of_o kildare_n describe_v kildare_n a_o rich_a and_o fertile_a county_n sever_v into_o ten_o barony_n viz._n salt_n nass_n ikeathy_n or_o oughtereney_n claine_v connel_n magna_fw-la carbury_n ophaly_n noragh_n and_o rabane_n kilkullen_a half_n kilcah_n and_o moon_n who_o chief_a place_n be_v kildare_n a_o fair_a inland_a town_n be_v well_o frequent_v defend_v by_o a_o castle_n kildare_n kildare_n and_o dignify_v with_o the_o see_v of_o a_o bishop_n a_o place_n much_o celebrate_v in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o irish_a church_n for_o its_o st._n brigid_n a_o holy_a virgin_n who_o be_v the_o disciple_n of_o st._n patrick_n mainoth_n defend_v by_o a_o castle_n and_o be_v a_o place_n of_o good_a account_n mainoth_n mainoth_n and_o well_o frequent_v athie_n naas_n athie_n naas_n and_o athie_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n barrow_n both_o town_n of_o some_o account_n describe_v king_n county_n describe_v king_n county_n so_o call_v in_o honour_n to_o philip_n king_n of_o spain_n husband_n to_o mary_n queen_n of_o england_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o ten_o barony_n viz._n cooles-town_n philips-town_n marrius-town_n ballicowen_v kilcoursey_n balliboy_n clonliske_n garricastle_n ballibritt_n and_o fercale_v and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n philips-town_n or_o kings-town_n philips-town_n philips-town_n describe_v queens-town_n describe_v qveens_n county_n full_a of_o boggs_n and_o wood_n be_v divide_v into_o eight_o barony_n viz._n balliadam_n vpper-ossery_a portnehinch_n tenehinch_n cullinagh_n mary-burrough_n slewmargigh_a and_o stradbal_o and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n queens-town_n a_o place_n of_o good_a account_n and_o be_v the_o chief_a in_o the_o county_n queens-town_n queens-town_n rheban_n once_o a_o city_n but_o at_o present_a of_o small_a note_n rheban_n rheban_n describe_v county_n of_o caterlough_n describe_v caterlough_n a_o fertile_a county_n and_o well_o clothe_v with_o wood._n it_o be_v sever_v into_o five_o barony_n viz._n ravil_o caterlough_n forth_o idronye_n and_o st._n mullin_n in_o part_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n caterlough_n caterlough_n caterlough_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n barrow_n of_o good_a account_n and_o strength_n leighlin_n leighlin_n leighlin_n also_o seat_v on_o the_o barrow_n once_o dignify_v with_o a_o episcopal_a see_n tullo_n tullo_n tullo_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n slay_v areklo_n carickbrak_fw-mi areklo_n carickbrak_fw-mi and_z areklo_n which_o two_o last_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o sea_n describe_v county_n of_o wexford_n describe_v wexford_n or_o weisford_n wash_v by_o the_o sea_n a_o county_n in_o former_a time_n according_a to_o ptolemy_n possess_v by_o the_o menapian_n a_o sort_n of_o people_n which_o come_v out_o of_o low-germany_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o eight_o barony_n viz._n gory_a scarwalsh_n ballagheene_n bantry_n shellmaleere_n forth_o bargy_n and_o sheelburne_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n wexford_n wexford_n wexford_n suppose_v to_o be_v the_o ancient_a city_n menapa_n situate_a at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n slay_v where_o it_o have_v a_o good_a haven_n a_o fair_a town_n and_o of_o note_n for_o be_v the_o first_o town_n that_o embrace_v a_o colony_n of_o english_a as_o also_o for_o its_o herring-fishing_a which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v well_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v ross_z ross_n ross_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n barrow_n which_o after_o a_o small_a course_n fall_v into_o a_o bay_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n ternes_n ternes_n ternes_n situate_a on_o the_o slay_a dignify_v with_o the_o see_v of_o a_o bishop_n and_o be_v in_o former_a time_n fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n eniscort_n eniscort_n eniscort_n a_o borough_n and_o town_n corporate_a describe_v county_n of_o kilkenny_n describe_v kilkenny_n a_o very_a fertile_a county_n well_o grace_v with_o town_n be_v divide_v into_o ten_o barony_n viz._n gowran_n fassaghdine_v kilkenny_n cranagh_n galmey_n callen_n iverke_n sheelelogher_n kells_n knocktopher_n ida-igrin_a and_o ibercon_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n kilkenny_n kilkenny_n kilkenny_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n nurse_n which_o traverse_v the_o county_n a_o fair_a and_o wealthy_a borough-town_n far_o exceed_v all_o other_o midland_n borough-town_n in_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o english_a and_o the_o irish_a town_n that_o part_n belong_v to_o the_o english_a be_v fence_v on_o the_o westside_n by_o a_o wall_n and_o defend_v by_o a_o castle_n and_o that_o part_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o irish_a be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o suburb_n be_v of_o the_o great_a antiquity_n have_v in_o it_o the_o canick_n church_n and_o be_v honour_v with_o the_o see_v of_o the_o bishop_n of_o ossery_n thomas_n town_n town_n thomas_n town_n seat_v beneath_o the_o river_n nurse_n a_o small_a wall_a town_n callan_n callan_n callan_n seat_v on_o a_o river_n so_o call_v a_o borough_n and_o town_n corporate_a house_n religious_a house_n among_o the_o place_n in_o this_o province_n set_v apart_o for_o divine_a worship_n these_o follow_v be_v of_o great_a note_n viz._n the_o stately_a abbey_n call_v thomas_n court_n at_o dublin_n build_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o in_o expiation_n of_o the_o murder_n of_o thomas_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n the_o monastery_n of_o st._n mary_n of_o oustmanby_n and_o tintern_n and_o the_o abbey_n found_v by_o william_n martial_a earl_n
of_o pembroke_n to_o the_o praise_n of_o god_n for_o his_o safe_a delivery_n out_o of_o a_o desperate_a storm_n and_o shipwreck_n which_o he_o be_v in_o ulster_n soil_n it_o be_v temperature_n of_o soil_n this_o province_n be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n and_o of_o a_o different_a soil_n some_o place_n be_v very_o fertile_a and_o other_o as_o barren_a which_o will_v be_v otherwise_o if_o it_o be_v well_o manure_v but_o general_o it_o be_v incline_v to_o fertility_n it_o have_v many_o thick_a and_o shady_a wood_n as_o also_o divers_a large_a lake_n in_o which_o be_v several_a small_a isle_n rivers_n its_o lake_n and_o rivers_n which_o say_v lake_n or_o lough_n as_o also_o the_o river_n which_o water_n the_o province_n plentiful_o furnish_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o salmon_n and_o other_o good_a fish_n and_o for_o flesh_n fowl_n and_o corn_n they_o have_v more_o than_o they_o can_v well_o spend_v this_o province_n by_o the_o welsh-britains_n be_v call_v vltw_n and_o by_o the_o irish_a cui_fw-la guilly_n name_n it_o be_v name_n bound_n its_o bound_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o province_n of_o leimster_n and_o connaugh_n and_o on_o all_o other_o part_n be_v wash_v with_o the_o sea_n which_o receive_v the_o water_n of_o those_o many_o lough_n or_o lake_n many_o of_o which_o be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n and_o have_v within_o they_o several_a small_a isle_n the_o name_n of_o some_o be_v as_o follow_v lough-neaugh_a lough-foylle_a lough-swillie_a lough-earne_a and_o lough-cone_n extent_n it_o be_v extent_n it_o be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n reach_v from_o black-abbey_n in_o the_o east_n to_o calebegh-point_n in_o the_o west_n about_o 130_o mile_n and_o from_o coldagh-haven_n in_o the_o north_n to_o kilmore_n in_o the_o south_n about_o 100_o and_o in_o circumference_n about_o 420_o mile_n this_o province_n be_v divide_v into_o ten_o county_n viz._n tir-conell_a or_o dunagall_n division_n division_n tyroen_n colrane_n antrim_n downe_n louth_n armagh_n monoghan_n gavan_n and_o fermanagh_n all_o which_o be_v again_o sever_v into_o divers_a barony_n and_o of_o these_o county_n in_o order_n describe_v county_n of_o tirconel_a describe_v tirconel_a or_o dunagal_n a_o champain_n country_n and_o well_o water_v with_o river_n and_o lough_n which_o discharge_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n which_o wash_v its_o southern_a western_a and_o northern_a part_n and_o afford_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n great_a plenty_n of_o fish_n and_o river-fowl_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o five_o barony_n viz._n tirhugh_o boylagh_n kilmacreanan_n raphoe_n and_o enishowen_v and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n derry_n or_o london-derry_n a_o colony_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n derry_n derry_n a_o fair_a and_o well_o build_v town_n where_o sometime_o stand_v a_o flourish_a monastery_n dunegall_a which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o county_n seat_v on_o a_o bay_n of_o the_o sea_n dunegall_a dunegall_a where_o it_o have_v a_o good_a haven_n and_o between_o the_o mouth_n of_o lough-earne_a and_o balewilly-bay_n calebeck_n situate_a on_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o have_v a_o commodious_a haven_n calebeck_n calebeck_n and_o robogh_n purgatory_n several_a isle_n and_o promontory_n along_o the_o coast_n st._n patrick_n purgatory_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o this_o county_n be_v seat_v several_a small_a isle_n viz._n torr-isle_n the_o isle_n of_o cladagh_n north-aran_a etc._n etc._n also_o the_o promontory_n of_o fair-foreland_a ramshead_n and_o st._n hellens-head_n and_o in_o this_o county_n be_v st._n patrick_n purgatory_n a_o vault_n or_o narrow_a cave_n in_o the_o ground_n of_o which_o strange_a fancy_n be_v believe_v by_o the_o simple_a sort_n of_o the_o irish_a describe_v county_n of_o tyroen_n describe_v tyroen_fw-mi a_o large_a rough_a and_o rugged_a yet_o fertile_a county_n which_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o mountain_n of_o sliew-gallen_n into_o the_o upper_a and_o the_o low_a in_o both_o which_o be_v three_o barony_n viz._n omagh_n strabane_n and_o dungannon_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n cloghar_n dignify_v with_o the_o see_v of_o a_o bishop_n cloghar_n cloghar_n dungannon_n the_o ancient_a residence_n of_o the_o o-neals_a dungannon_n dungannon_n charlement_n strebane_n charlement_n strebane_n and_o charlemont_n in_o this_o county_n be_v â—â—e_v large_a lake_n neaugh_n well_o store_v with_o fish_n in_o which_o be_v several_a small_a isle_n the_o chief_a among_o which_o be_v enis-garden_n and_o sidney-isle_n describe_v county_n of_o colerane_n describe_v colerane_n a_o small_a county_n seat_v in_o the_o most_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o province_n and_o wash_v with_o the_o sea_n as_o also_o with_o the_o large_a lake_n foylle_n adjoin_v to_o the_o sea_n on_o its_o western_a part_n and_o water_v with_o the_o river_n band_n on_o its_o eastern_a which_o carry_v a_o proud_a stream_n into_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o lake_n neaugh_n which_o breed_v great_a store_n of_o excellent_a salmon_n the_o chief_a place_n in_o this_o county_n be_v colerane_n colerane_n colerane_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o county_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n band._n kilrough_n banchor_n kilrough_n banchor_n and_o kilrough_n describe_v county_n of_o antrim_n describe_v antrim_n the_o near_a county_n to_o scotland_n from_o which_o it_o be_v not_o far_o distant_a be_v almost_o encircle_v with_o water_n have_v on_o the_o west_n the_o river_n band_n on_o the_o south_n the_o large_a lough_n neaugh_n and_o knockvergus-bay_n and_o on_o all_o other_o part_v the_o sea_n where_o along_o the_o shoar_n be_v several_a very_o small_a isle_n except_o it_o be_v one_o to_o wit_n the_o raglin_n which_o be_v indifferent_a large_a this_o county_n be_v sever_v into_o eight_o barony_n viz._n tomb_n antrim_n killconway_n massereene_n bellfast_n dunluce_n glenarne_n and_o carry_v and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n knockfergus_a knockfergus_a knockfergus_a by_o the_o irish_a carick-vergus_a that_o be_v the_o rock_n of_o fergus_n seat_v on_o a_o large_a bay_n so_o call_v where_o it_o have_v a_o commodious_a port._n it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o good_a strength_n be_v well_o inhabit_v and_o better_o frequent_v than_o other_o place_n on_o this_o coast_n and_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o this_o bay_n lie_v several_a isle_n not_o far_o from_o this_o place_n once_o stand_v the_o famous_a monastery_n of_o magio_n so_o much_o commend_v by_o bede_n antrim_n antrim_n antrim_n seat_v on_o a_o small_a river_n at_o its_o influx_n into_o the_o lake_n neaugh_n glastalagne_n glastalagne_n glastalagne_n situate_a on_o the_o band._n describe_v county_n of_o down_o describe_v down_o a_o large_a and_o fertile_a county_n wash_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o thrust_v itself_o forth_o with_o a_o large_a creek_n or_o arm_n into_o the_o lough_n cone_n which_o extend_v itself_o in_o length_n many_o mile_n and_o form_v two_o by-land_n that_o southwards_o call_v lecall_a which_o be_v exceed_o fertile_a and_o who_o extreme_a point_n be_v call_v st._n john_n foreland_n and_o that_o northwards_o call_v ardes_fw-la it_o be_v sever_v into_o five_o barony_n viz._n kinalearty_a lower_n evagh_n ards_n upper_a evagh_n and_o lecale_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n down_o down_o down_o of_o old_a dunum_n seat_v in_o the_o part_n call_v lecall_a near_o the_o lough_n cone_n a_o town_n of_o good_a antiquity_n and_o dignify_v with_o a_o episcopal_n see_v as_o also_o with_o the_o tomb_n of_o st._n patrick_n st._n bridget_n and_o st._n columbe_fw-la newry_n newry_n newry_n seat_v on_o a_o river_n which_o fall_v into_o carlingford-haven_n stranford_n stranford_n stranford_n seat_v on_o the_o large_a river_n coin_n or_o rather_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o have_v a_o safe_a harbour_n arglas_n arglas_n arglas_n where_o as_o it_o be_v say_v st._n patrick_n found_v a_o church_n conner_n conner_n conner_n or_o conereth_n a_o episcopal_a see_n kilwarny_n kilwarny_n kilwarny_n much_o anoy_v with_o bogs_n and_o full_a of_o shady_a wood_n describe_v county_n of_o louth_n describe_v louth_n a_o county_n of_o a_o fertile_a soil_n very_o grateful_a to_o the_o husbandman_n and_o be_v wash_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o barony_n viz._n lough_n dundalke_n ferrard_n and_o atherdee_o and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n tredaugh_n tredaugh_n tredaugh_n or_o droughdagh_o seat_v near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o boyne_n which_o divide_v it_o but_o join_v together_o by_o a_o bridge_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o commodious_a haven_n it_o be_v a_o good_a town_n be_v well_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v nigh_o unto_o which_o stand_v mellifont_n abbey_n found_v by_o donald_n a_o k._n of_o vriel_n dundalke_n dundalke_n dundalke_n seat_v on_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o have_v a_o commodious_a haven_n and_o in_o former_a time_n be_v strengthen_v with_o a_o castle_n which_o with_o the_o town_n be_v burn_v by_o edward_n brus_n brother_n to_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n who_o proclaim_v himself_o king_n of_o ireland_n but_o for_o this_o good_a act_n
another_o call_v st._n katharines-point_n also_o these_o town_n trinity_n st._n john_n st._n laurence_n st._n brelade_v st._n peter_n st._n owen_n st._n maries_n and_o greve_n de_fw-fr leke_n not_o far_o from_o which_o on_o the_o north-shoar_n be_v seat_v the_o strong_a castle_n of_o groness_n describe_v the_o isle_n of_o garnsey_n describe_v garnsey_n seat_v about_o 15_o mile_n northwest_o from_o jersey_n and_o on_o the_o same_o coast_n a_o isle_n not_o so_o large_a nor_o altogether_o so_o fertile_a as_o jersey_n by_o reason_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v not_o addict_v themselves_o so_o much_o to_o cultivate_v and_o manure_v it_o as_o they_o do_v to_o traffic_n for_o which_o this_o be_v more_o eminent_a yet_o do_v it_o in_o a_o liberal_a manner_n answer_v the_o husbandman_n labour_n bring_v forth_o good_a increase_n and_o breed_v good_a store_n of_o cattle_n this_o isle_n be_v seat_v very_o high_a have_v many_o steep_a rock_n among_o which_o be_v find_v a_o hard_a and_o sharp_a stone_n call_v emerill_n which_o be_v use_v by_o lapidary_n for_o the_o cleanse_n cut_a and_o burnish_v their_o precious_a stone_n as_o also_o by_o glasier_n for_o the_o cut_v their_o glaf_n and_o for_o many_o reason_n this_o isle_n may_v be_v prefer_v before_o jersey_n as_o for_o its_o great_a strength_n more_o commodious_a havens_n which_o be_v better_a resort_v unto_o by_o merchant_n and_o for_o that_o it_o suffer_v neither_o toad_n snake_n adder_n or_o any_o other_o venomous_a creature_n to_o live_v which_o the_o other_o do_v government_n it_o be_v government_n the_o government_n of_o this_o isle_n as_o also_o the_o people_n as_o to_o their_o language_n custom_n etc._n etc._n be_v much_o the_o same_o as_o in_o jersey_n places_z chief_z places_z in_o this_o isle_n be_v number_v ten_o parish_n church_n beside_o village_n the_o chief_a among_o which_o be_v st._n peter_n a_o town_n not_o very_o large_a peter_n st._n peter_n but_o well_o inhabit_v and_o replenish_v with_o merchant_n it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o good_a strength_n for_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o haven_n which_o be_v rocky_a be_v fortify_v on_o both_o side_n with_o castle_n as_o also_o by_o blockhouse_n of_o which_o that_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n call_v cornet_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o high_a rock_n which_o at_o every_o high-water_n be_v encompass_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o here_o reside_v the_o governor_n as_o also_o for_o the_o generality_n the_o soldier_n which_o be_v keep_v for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o isle_n and_o be_v well_o provide_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o ammunition_n for_o war_n if_o occasion_n shall_v so_o happen_v it_o be_v other_o place_n be_v tortuville_n st._n saviour_n place_n other_o place_n st._n andrews_n trinity_n st._n martin_n st._n maries_n st._n sampson_n and_o st._n michael_n on_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o isle_n near_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o lake_n of_o about_o a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a in_o compass_n which_o be_v well_o replenish_v with_o fish_n especial_o carp_n this_o island_n as_o also_o that_o of_o jersey_n with_o several_a other_o small_a one_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o normandy_n and_o britain_n be_v under_o the_o diocese_n of_o winchester_n among_o which_o isy_n be_v those_o of_o serke_n serk-isle_n serk-isle_n encompass_v with_o steep_a rock_n and_o jethew_n which_o serve_v as_o a_o park_n for_o the_o governor_n of_o garnsey_n jethew-isle_n jethew-isle_n to_o feed_v cattle_n to_o keep_v deer_n coney_n and_o pheasant_n and_o be_v former_o a_o solitary_a place_n of_o regular_a canon_n and_o after_o for_o the_o franciscan_a friar_n wight_n isle_n of_o wight_n isle_n of_o wight_n opposite_a to_o hantshire_n of_o which_o it_o be_v a_o part_n already_o treat_v of_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o say_a county_n portland_n portland-isle_n portland-isle_n a_o small_a isle_n adjoin_v to_o the_o county_n of_o dorset_n of_o which_o it_o be_v also_o a_o part_n and_o already_o there_o treat_v of_o and_o beside_o these_o isle_n there_o be_v divers_z 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tartary_n tartan_n isle_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o ocean_n as_o the_o isle_n of_o japon_n as_o niphon_n meaco_n xicoco_fw-it sanuqui_fw-la ximo_fw-la bungo_n phillippine_n isle_n as_o luson_n luson_n mindanao_n mindanao_n isle_n of_o molucco_n as_o molucques_n gamma_n celebe_n celebe_n gilolo_n gilolo_n isle_n of_o sonde_n as_o sumatra_n achem_n aru._n borneo_n borneo_n java_n bantarâ—_n jacatra_n isle_n of_o larron_n or_o thief_n desert_n isle_n of_o ceulan_n colombo_n isle_n of_o the_o maldives_n tilla_n don_v matis_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n as_o in_o the_o levant_n sea_n as_o cuprus_n famagouste_a rhodes_n rhodes_n scarpanto_n scarpanto_n in_o the_o archipelago_n as_o scio_fw-la scio._n tenedo_n metelin_n samo_n samo_n nicaria_n nicaria_n lango_n lango_n stampalia_n stampalia_n asia_n asia_n be_v one_o of_o the_o tripartite_a division_n of_o our_o continent_n and_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o advantage_n which_o the_o author_n oâ—_n nature_n have_v give_v it_o if_o the_o action_n which_o have_v pass_v in_o it_o both_o before_o and_o after_o the_o flood_n etc._n asia_n the_o first_o place_n of_o monarchy_n of_o all_o religion_n etc._n etc._n that_o the_o first_o monarchy_n and_o all_o religion_n have_v here_o have_v their_o beginning_n that_o the_o chief_a mystery_n both_o of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a law_n have_v there_o be_v lay_v open_a we_o may_v be_v induce_v to_o prefer_v in_o before_o all_o other_o part_n either_o of_o the_o one_o or_o other_o continent_n and_o as_o of_o the_o two_o continent_n we_o be_v much_o the_o great_a the_o more_o noble_a and_o most_o considerable_a so_o be_v asia_n among_o the_o three_o part_n of_o our_o continent_n the_o great_a the_o most_o oriental_a the_o most_o temperate_a and_o the_o rich_a it_o be_v extent_n from_o west_n to_o east_n be_v from_o the_o 55th_o meridian_n or_o degree_n of_o longitude_n unto_o the_o 180_o contain_v 125_o degree_n of_o longitude_n which_o be_v about_o 2500_o of_o our_o common_a league_n breadth_n it_o be_v length_n and_o breadth_n and_o from_o south_n to_o north_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la to_o the_o 72_o parallel_n or_o
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and_o those_o estate_n which_o we_o will_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o sian_n be_v to_o the_o north_n of_o pegu._n we_o may_v consider_v they_o in_o two_o principal_a part_n of_o which_o one_o shall_v retain_v the_o name_n of_o sian_n and_o the_o other_o that_o of_o malacca_n this_o latter_a be_v a_o peninsula_n which_o extend_v itself_o from_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o latitude_n unto_o the_o 11_o or_o 12_o from_o whence_o the_o first_o advance_v itself_o into_o the_o main_a land_n unto_o the_o 19_o or_o 20_o degree_n on_o this_o side_n the_o equator_fw-la extent_n it_o be_v extent_n they_o reach_v then_o each_o 250_o and_o together_o 4_o or_o 500_o league_n from_o south_n to_o north._n but_o the_o peninsula_n of_o malacca_n be_v very_o straight_o not_o be_v above_o 10_o or_o 12_o league_n broad_a in_o the_o isthmus_n which_o separate_v it_o from_o sian_n in_o other_o place_n 20_o 30_o 40_o and_o some_o time_n 80._o sian_n be_v almost_o of_o a_o equal_a length_n and_o 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cotton-linnen_n of_o several_a sort_n benjamin_n lacque_fw-la of_o which_o they_o make_v excellent_a hard_a wax_n also_o that_o costly_a wood_n which_o the_o portugal_n call_v palo_n dangula_n and_o calamba_n which_o be_v weigh_v against_o silver_n and_o gold_n for_o 〈◊〉_d perfume_v and_o the_o wood_n sapon_n use_v by_o dyer_n also_o spice_n some_o drug_n diamond_n gold_n camphora_n bezar-stone_n musk_n porcelaine_n and_o last_o that_o excellent_a wine_n or_o distil_v liquod_fw-la which_o they_o call_v nipe_n which_o they_o make_v of_o cocos_fw-la or_o indian_a nut_n be_v of_o great_a esteem_n over_o all_o india_n and_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v other_o place_n be_v bankock_n note_v for_o excellent_a pepper_n lugor_n seat_v on_o the_o seashore_n and_o socotay_n famous_a for_o have_v a_o temple_n only_o make_v of_o metal_n which_o be_v 80_o span_n high_a and_o answerable_a in_o length_n and_o breadth_n be_v adorn_v with_o abundance_n of_o idol_n build_v by_o one_o of_o their_o king_n at_o his_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n etc._n martaban_n its_o commodity_n etc._n etc._n the_o kingdom_n of_o martaban_n towards_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n be_v contiguous_a to_o pegu_n to_o which_o it_o have_v be_v subject_a at_o present_a be_v to_o sian_n this_o kingdom_n have_v many_o port_n frequent_v for_o trade_n for_o beside_o its_o grain_n fruit_n oil_n and_o medicinal_a herb_n it_o be_v rich_a in_o mine_n of_o gold_n silver_n iron_n lead_v steel_n and_o copper_n it_o have_v ruby_n lacques_n and_o benjamin_n etc._n etc._n and_o they_o make_v vessel_n of_o earth_n which_o they_o call_v martabanes_n of_o which_o some_o be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o hold_v a_o bushel_n this_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o porcelain_n varnish_v with_o black_a and_o wherein_o they_o keep_v water_n wine_n oil_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o liquor_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n they_o be_v esteem_v in_o all_o the_o east_n commodity_n jangoma_fw-it and_o its_o commodity_n jangoma_fw-it on_o the_o confine_n of_o pegu_n siam_n and_o brama_n have_v be_v subject_a or_o tributary_n sometime_o to_o one_o and_o sometime_o to_o another_o it_o have_v gold_n silver_n copper_n musk_n cotton_n of_o which_o they_o make_v manufacture_n pepper_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v people_n be_v more_o addict_v to_o horse_n than_o foot_n service_n camboja_n be_v the_o last_o and_o most_o southerly_a part_n of_o the_o peninsula_n camboja_n camboja_n which_o be_v between_o the_o gulf_n of_o sian_a and_o cochin-china_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v ravecca_n and_o camboja_n of_o which_o the_o kingdom_n take_v it_o name_n which_o be_v under_o the_o 10_o or_o 11_o degree_n of_o latitude_n and_o on_o the_o principal_a and_o most_o eastern_o branch_v of_o the_o river_n menam_n which_o as_o it_o be_v believe_v come_v from_o china_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v from_o some_o region_n former_o subject_a to_o or_o which_o be_v part_n of_o china_n people_n it_o be_v people_n the_o people_n in_o their_o manner_n and_o custom_n resemble_v those_o of_o sian_a who_o subject_n they_o have_v be_v and_o who_o tributary_n yet_o late_o they_o be_v malacca_n etc._n peninsula_n of_o malacca_n its_o part_n commodity_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o peninsula_n of_o malacca_n be_v divers_a kingdom_n which_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o geographical_a table_n which_o all_o except_o the_o city_n of_o malacca_n be_v likewise_o tributary_n to_o that_o of_o sian_n tenasserin_n be_v a_o country_n of_o trade_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o archipelago_n which_o contain_v several_a island_n and_o of_o its_o isthmus_n which_o facilitate_v the_o transportation_n of_o merchant_n from_o one_o sea_n to_o another_o and_o of_o its_o port_n which_o be_v commodious_a it_o be_v other_o place_n be_v juncalaon_n zueda_n pera_n and_o malacca_n all_o which_o place_n afford_v nipe_n of_o burn_a wine_n commodity_n ihor_n its_o chief_a place_n and_o commodity_n ihor_n be_v beyond_o cape_n de_fw-fr sincapura_n and_o on_o the_o utmost_a point_n of_o the_o peninsula_n it_o be_v chief_a city_n be_v take_v and_o ruin_v by_o the_o portugal_n in_o 1603_o who_o take_v from_o thence_o 1500_o brass_n cannon_n the_o king_n of_o ihor_n for_o revenge_v besiege_v malacca_n in_o 1606_o with_o 60000_o man_n but_o be_v constrain_v to_o raise_v his_o siege_n there_o be_v some_o petty_a king_n which_o be_v his_o tributary_n pahang_n have_v lignum_fw-la aquila_n and_o calamba_n near_o to_o that_o of_o cochin-china_n of_o camphire_n like_v to_o that_o of_o borneo_n gold_n but_o of_o a_o low_a alloy_n than_o we_o petra_n porea_fw-la of_o near_a as_o much_o virtue_n as_o the_o bezoar_n against_o poison_n diamond_n nutmeg_n mace_n etc._n etc._n trade_n patane_n and_o its_o trade_n patane_n within_o few_o year_n be_v grow_v famous_a the_o kingdom_n be_v frequent_v by_o divers_a nation_n particular_o by_o the_o chinois_n who_o bring_v thither_o porcelaine_v divers_a manufacture_n and_o instrument_n of_o husbandry_n instead_o of_o which_o they_o carry_v back_o timber_n for_o building_n cordage_n make_v of_o cocos_fw-la rice_n and_o divers_a skin_n etc._n etc._n the_o pepper_n be_v excellent_a but_o dear_a than_o at_o bantam_n their_o saroyboura_a that_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o swallow_n nest_n which_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o in_o cochin-china_n be_v much_o seek_v after_o the_o soil_n be_v good_a produce_v fruit_n every_o month_n in_o the_o year_n their_o hen_n duck_n and_o goose_n often_o lay_v egg_n twice_o a_o day_n among_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o fowl_n they_o have_v white_a heron_n and_o turtle_n of_o various_a colour_n like_o paroquetoe_n patane_n singora_n brodelong_v and_o ligor_fw-la be_v on_o the_o same_o gulf_n which_o may_v be_v call_v also_o by_o patana_n and_o make_v part_n of_o that_o of_o sian_a patane_n and_o ligor_fw-la towards_o the_o two_o end_n singora_n and_o brodelong_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o gulf_n and_o these_o two_o last_o be_v head_n city_n of_o province_n
west_n abissina_n above_o and_o zanguebar_v beyond_o the_o nile_n and_o in_o the_o most_o eastern_o part_v of_o ethiopia_n congo_n make_v the_o most_o western_a part_n of_o ethiopia_n the_o monomotapa_a and_o cafres_n the_o most_o southern_a this_o on_o the_o coast_n the_o other_o within_o land_n nubia_n abissina_n and_o zanguebar_v together_o answer_v to_o the_o ethiopia_n sub_fw-la egypto_n of_o ptolemy_n nubia_n to_o the_o most_o northern_a part_n and_o near_o to_o egypt_n abissina_n more_o southern_a zanguebar_v to_o that_o which_o be_v on_o the_o coast_n and_o there_o where_o ptolemy_n describe_v the_o region_n of_o barbary_n azania_n and_o trogloditica_fw-la which_o answer_n to_o the_o particular_a zanguebar_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o ajan_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o abex_n which_o we_o esteem_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o zanguebar_v in_o the_o low_a ethiopia_n congo_n answer_v to_o the_o hesperii_fw-la aethiopes_n the_o monomotapa_a to_o agisymba_n regio_n the_o cafres_n to_o the_o anthropophagi_n aethiop_n the_o coast_n of_o cafres_n reach_n 1200_o league_n the_o monomotapa_a be_v 4_o 5_o or_o 600_o long_a and_o broad_a congo_n 6_o or_o 700_o long_a and_o 300_o large_a nubia_n 400_o long_a and_o 200_o broad_a abissina_n 7_o or_o 800_o long_a and_z 4_o or_o 500_o broad_a the_o coast_n of_o zanguebar_v stretch_v 15_o or_o 1600_o league_n with_o not_o above_o 100_o of_o breadth_n like_v to_o that_o of_o cafres_n viz._n it_o be_v chief_a mountain_n viz._n the_o mountain_n of_o africa_n be_v in_o great_a number_n and_o very_o remarkable_a both_o for_o their_o height_n extent_n the_o metal_n wherewith_o they_o abound_v and_o other_o particular_n the_o most_o famous_a be_v atlas_n those_o of_o the_o moon_n and_o serre_n lione_n atlas_n be_v the_o most_o famous_a mountain_n among_o the_o ancient_n atlas_n atlas_n who_o believe_v it_o bound_v the_o world_n on_o the_o south_n it_o be_v name_n be_v take_v from_o atlas_n king_n of_o mauritania_n who_o perseus_n 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call_v picos_fw-la fragosos_fw-la towards_o the_o east_n of_o congo_n the_o mountain_n of_o crystal_n above_o the_o lake_n of_o zaire_n and_o zafflan_n the_o mountain_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o of_o salt-peter_n and_o it_o may_v well_o be_v that_o the_o high_a between_o abissina_n the_o monomotapa_a and_o cafreria_n retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n lione_n the_o mountain_n of_o serre_n lione_n the_o mountain_n of_o serre_n lione_n by_o the_o portugal_n sierre_n lioa_n be_v the_o chariot_n of_o the_o god_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o this_o name_n be_v give_v because_o from_o their_o top_n they_o send_v forth_o continual_a lightning_n and_o thunder_n as_o if_o the_o god_n can_v not_o march_v with_o less_o noise_n their_o principal_a ridge_n be_v between_o the_o country_n of_o the_o negro_n and_o guinny_n where_o they_o make_v two_o branch_n one_o advance_v into_o the_o farther_n africa_n or_o libya_n and_o the_o high_a ethiopia_n the_o other_o between_o the_o high_a and_o low_a ethiopia_n this_o seek_v the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o other_o atlas_n nile_n it_o be_v chief_a river_n viz._n the_o nile_n the_o large_a and_o most_o famous_a river_n of_o africa_n be_v the_o nile_n and_o the_o niger_n the_o nile_n have_v be_v know_v in_o all_o time_n ancient_a and_o modern_a author_n have_v be_v trouble_v to_o tell_v where_o its_o head-spring_n be_v and_o more_o to_o give_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o increase_n and_o decrease_v of_o its_o water_n we_o will_v speak_v something_o of_o it_o in_o egypt_n it_o be_v course_n be_v 1200_o league_n in_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o little_o less_o than_o 2000_o in_o its_o turn_n it_o descend_v from_o the_o lake_n zaire_n traverse_n the_o high_a ethiopia_n nubia_n and_o egypt_n and_o fall_v with_o several_a mouth_n into_o the_o mediterranean_a about_o the_o middle_n of_o its_o course_n it_o embrace_v the_o isle_n of_o meroe_n or_o gueguere_fw-la and_o this_o isle_n have_v many_o estate_n and_o signory_n and_o may_v boast_v itself_o the_o great_a and_o fair_a of_o all_o river_n isle_n that_o we_o have_v knowledge_n of_o niger_n the_o niger_n the_o niger_n have_v its_o spring_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o damont_n above_o the_o lake_n niger_n and_o not_o far_o from_o the_o nile_n when_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n of_o zaire_n this_o niger_n do_v in_o some_o part_n divide_v the_o high_a ethiopia_n from_o the_o low_a approach_v nubia_n and_o the_o country_n of_o the_o negro_n hitherto_o roll_v its_o stream_n from_o south_n to_o north_n till_o lose_v itself_o in_o the_o earth_n it_o rise_v again_o near_o the_o lake_n borno_n turn_v its_o course_n and_o continue_v it_o to_o the_o west_n traverse_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o the_o negro_n 200_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n it_o divide_v itself_o into_o many_o branch_n which_o have_v divers_a name_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o ocean_n between_o the_o 11_o and_o 16_o degree_n of_o latitude_n it_o be_v course_n be_v a_o little_a long_o than_o that_o of_o the_o nile_n its_o stream_n more_o violent_a and_o have_v the_o same_o property_n of_o overflow_a and_o fatten_v the_o earth_n engender_v the_o same_o creature_n but_o not_o so_o strong_a have_v grain_n of_o gold_n in_o its_o sand_n but_o the_o country_n which_o it_o traverse_n be_v neither_o so_o well_o habit_v rich_a nor_o know_v as_o that_o of_o the_o nile_n some_o believe_v the_o nile_n and_o the_o niger_n come_v from_o the_o same_o spring_n and_o that_o they_o begin_v not_o to_o divide_v but_o between_o the_o high_a and_o low_a ethiopia_n one_o continue_v its_o course_n towards_o the_o north_n the_o other_o turn_v from_o east_n to_o west_n so_o the_o arab_n of_o nubia_n call_v both_o nile_n and_o to_o distinguish_v they_o add_v nile_n of_o egypt_n and_o nile_n of_o the_o negro_n zaire_n the_o zaire_n the_o other_o river_n of_o africa_n be_v not_o to_o compare_v with_o these_o zaire_n in_o congo_n may_v be_v consider_v for_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n it_o stream_n down_o and_o for_o the_o greatness_n of_o its_o mouth_n at_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o some_o other_o but_o let_v we_o pass_v to_o the_o promontory_n promontory_n its_o promontory_n we_o have_v already_o touch_v a_o word_n or_o two_o on_o the_o principal_a one_o to_o wit_n the_o cape_n of_o bona_n hermea_n promontorium_n cape_n verd_fw-mi arsinarium_n prom_n gardiner_n a_o fuy_n aromata_n prom_n this_o name_n be_v give_v because_o of_o the_o drug_n and_o spice_n of_o the_o east_n which_o pass_v before_o this_o cape_n to_o descend_v by_o the_o red_a sea_n into_o egypt_n and_o from_o egypt_n into_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o through_o all_o the_o west_n and_o of_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n of_o which_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n have_v have_v no_o certain_a knowledge_n much_o less_o those_o before_o they_o nevertheless_o we_o find_v some_o author_n among_o the_o ancient_n who_o will_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o barbarian_n that_o be_v the_o strange_a nation_n have_v make_v or_o cause_v to_o be_v make_v the_o circum-navigation_n of_o africa_n which_o can_v not_o be_v do_v without_o know_v of_o this_o cape_n africa_n the_o emperor_n and_o king_n which_o possess_v africa_n the_o king_n emperor_n or_o prince_n which_o at_o present_a possess_v africa_n be_v in_o very_o great_a number_n the_o most_o powerful_a and_o considerable_a be_v the_o great_a turk_n or_o sultan_n of_o the_o ottoman_n who_o hold_v all_o egypt_n a_o great_a part_n of_o barbary_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o coast_n which_o touch_v the_o red_a sea_n the_o negus_n of_o the_o abyssine_n who_o possess_v the_o fair_a and_o great_a part_n of_o the_o high_a ethiopia_n the_o xeriff_n of_o fez_n and_o morocco_n which_o have_v hold_v those_o two_o kingdom_n in_o barbary_n and_o likewise_o dara_n and_o segelmesse_n in_o billedulgerid_n the_o king_n of_o tombutt_n among_o
the_o country_n between_o rotana_n and_o realejo_n be_v so_o fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a that_o its_o like_a can_v scarce_o be_v find_v in_o the_o world_n such_o quantity_n it_o produce_v of_o grain_n wine_n fruit_n honey_n wax_n sugar_n flax_n fertility_n it_o be_v fertility_n silk_n etc._n etc._n and_o from_o hence_o they_o have_v their_o vine_n which_o they_o carry_v to_o the_o west_n indies_n the_o best_a of_o which_o grow_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o ramble_n there_o be_v certain_a shrub_n which_o yield_v a_o liquor_n like_o to_o milk_n which_o after_o it_o be_v thicken_v make_v a_o excellent_a gum_n call_v taybayba_n from_o the_o dragon_n tree_n cut_v towards_o the_o root_n they_o draw_v a_o red_a liquor_n which_o they_o call_v dragon_n blood_n well_o know_v to_o apothecary_n place_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n it_o be_v principal_a city_n laguna_n so_o call_v because_o of_o the_o lake_n near_o to_o it_o be_v 4_o or_o 5_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n contain_v two_o parish_n and_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o island_n the_o other_o city_n be_v sancta_fw-la crux_fw-la rotana_n rajalesa_n carachico_n and_o adeca_n when_o it_o be_v discover_v its_o king_n to_o the_o number_n of_o seven_o dwell_v in_o cavern_n and_o the_o body_n of_o their_o dead_a be_v set_v up_o about_o cave_n where_o they_o become_v as_o dry_a as_o parchment_n among_o which_o the_o most_o honourable_a have_v a_o stick_n put_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o a_o vessel_n of_o milk_n before_o they_o describe_v the_o isle_n of_o gomer_n describe_v gomer_n be_v 8_o or_o 9_o league_n from_o teneriff_n be_v 10_o or_o 12_o league_n long_o it_o be_v chief_a city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n often_o receive_v the_o indian_a fleet_n and_o furnish_v they_o with_o corn_n fruit_n sugar_n and_o wine_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o teneriff_n and_o canaria_n the_o country_n be_v high_a plain_a bear_v many_o dragon-tree_n feed_v small_a cattle_n its_o road_n be_v deep_a and_o large_a the_o people_n of_o this_o isle_n be_v former_o more_o barbarous_a than_o those_o of_o the_o other_o canary_n isle_n use_v many_o strange_a custom_n not_o know_v elsewhere_o among_o which_o they_o hold_v it_o for_o a_o great_a sign_n of_o hospitality_n to_o let_v their_o friend_n lie_v with_o their_o wife_n and_o receive_v they_o in_o testimony_n or_o return_n of_o kindness_n describe_v isle_n of_o ferr_n describe_v the_o isle_n of_o ferr_n be_v the_o most_o west_n of_o all_o the_o canary_n distant_a from_o palma_n 15_o or_o 16_o league_n from_o gomer_n only_o 5_o or_o 6._o this_o isle_n in_o reason_n shall_v be_v well_o know_v many_o person_n have_v be_v there_o and_o many_o author_n treat_v very_o ample_o of_o it_o yet_o i_o will_v a_o little_a show_v the_o diversity_n find_v touch_v the_o greatness_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o also_o the_o water_n with_o which_o the_o isle_n be_v serve_v it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v call_v hierro_n seat_v on_o the_o sea_n shore_n here_o be_v find_v 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contain_v 20000_o tun_n which_o in_o one_o night_n be_v fill_v and_o that_o from_o this_o pond_n the_o water_n be_v by_o divers_a channel_n convey_v into_o other_o pond_n or_o cistern_n through_o the_o whole_a isle_n which_o be_v very_o well_o people_v some_o say_v it_o have_v in_o it_o about_o 8000_o people_n and_o above_o 100000_o head_n of_o cattle_n which_o for_o a_o island_n but_o of_o six_o league_n circuit_n be_v very_o well_o for_o if_o the_o tree_n be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o isle_n it_o can_v be_v above_o a_o league_n distant_a from_o any_o extremity_n and_o moreover_o more_o than_o 20000_o tun_n of_o water_n for_o 100000_o month_n will_v be_v a_o tun_n a_o day_n for_o every_o five_o month_n which_o be_v too_o much_o drink_v if_o they_o drink_v nothing_o but_o water_n these_o particular_n be_v contradict_v by_o other_o the_o conquest_n of_o all_o these_o isle_n say_v many_o tree_n not_o one_o alone_a otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v immortal_a sanutus_n say_v that_o the_o cloud_n begin_v to_o rise_v about_o noon_n and_o in_o the_o evening_n quite_o cover_v the_o tree_n which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n destill_v water_n drop_v by_o drop_n along_o the_o trunk_n branch_n and_o leaf_n and_o that_o it_o continue_v so_o till_o day_n other_o say_v that_o this_o water_n fall_v from_o noon_n all_o night_n until_o a_o little_a after_o the_o sun_n be_v rise_v but_o most_o will_v have_v the_o cloud_n perpetual_o about_o the_o tree_n and_o that_o it_o destill_v continual_o suarez_n make_v the_o pond_n or_o cistern_n of_o not_o above_o 20_o tun_n the_o relation_n of_o 1602._o say_v two_o reserver_n each_o 20_o foot_n square_a but_o neither_o suarez_n nor_o other_o make_v any_o mention_n of_o other_o reserver_n in_o the_o isle_n but_o will_v have_v this_o water_n in_o one_o place_n alone_o whither_o all_o go_v to_o fetch_v it_o but_o let_v we_o pass_v from_o the_o ocean_n into_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o come_v to_o malta_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a but_o none_o of_o the_o least_o considerable_a piece_n of_o africa_n nigh_o unto_o these_o 7_o island_n call_v the_o canary_n isle_n be_v the_o isle_n of_o roco_n sancta_fw-la clara_n gratiosa_fw-la alegria_n and_o the_o two_o savage_a isle_n palma_n be_v distant_a from_o gomer_n 12_o or_o 15_o league_n to_o the_o north_n west_n it_o be_v round_o or_o oval_n and_o its_o circuit_n about_o 25_o league_n abound_v in_o corn_n wine_n sugar_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n it_o be_v well_o store_v with_o cattle_n and_o therefore_o make_v the_o victual_v place_n of_o the_o spanish_a fleet_n that_o pass_v to_o peru_n and_o brasil_n the_o city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n have_v great_a confluence_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o wine_n load_v for_o the_o west-indies_n and_o other_o place_n it_o be_v best_a and_o like_a to_o malvoisie_n be_v make_v about_o brenia_n whence_o be_v take_v more_o than_o 12000_o pipe_n yearly_a also_o st._n andre_n and_o tassa_n cord_n be_v on_o the_o sea_n it_o have_v little_a corn_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o teneriff_n four_o sugar_n engine_n the_o church_n of_o palma_n and_o the_o governor_n house_n be_v esteem_v fair_a the_o island_n of_o malta_n malta_n the_o isle_n of_o malta_n the_o isle_n of_o malta_n be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o almost_o at_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o main_a land_n of_o asia_n and_o europe_n it_o be_v about_o 600_o league_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o souria_n and_o 500_o from_o the_o straight_a of_o gibraltar_n this_o straight_a beginning_n the_o mediterranean_a sea_n towards_o the_o west_n and_o that_o coast_n end_v it_o towards_o the_o east_n likewise_o from_o malta_n to_o the_o near_a firm_a land_n of_o europe_n situation_n it_o be_v situation_n which_o be_v italy_n and_o to_o the_o near_a coast_n of_o the_o firm_a land_n in_o africa_n which_o be_v the_o coast_n of_o tunis_n and_o tripoli_n these_o bound_v the_o mediterranean_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n that_o on_o the_o 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these_o be_v the_o three_o sort_n of_o property_n to_o be_v declare_v in_o special_a geography_n although_o those_o terrestrial_a property_n which_o make_v up_o the_o three_o rank_n be_v not_o so_o right_o refer_v to_o geography_n but_o we_o must_v yield_v somewhat_o to_o custom_n and_o the_o profit_n of_o learner_n we_o will_v beside_o these_o join_v many_o chapter_n to_o particular_a geography_n concern_v the_o practice_n of_o geography_n but_o in_o general_n geography_n which_o we_o will_v unfold_v in_o this_o book_n first_o the_o absolute_a property_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o its_o constitution_n be_v consider_v last_o in_o the_o comparative_a part_n those_o thing_n shall_v be_v propose_v which_o be_v offer_v unto_o we_o in_o the_o compare_v one_o place_n with_o another_o the_o principle_n of_o geography_n the_o principle_n which_o geography_n use_v for_o the_o confirm_v the_o truth_n of_o her_o proposition_n be_v threefold_a 1._o geometrical_a arithmetical_a and_o 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attribute_v or_o whether_o the_o country_n themselves_o be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o property_n general_o explicate_v aristotle_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o live_v creature_n as_o also_o in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o the_o part_n of_o live_a creature_n move_v the_o like_a doubt_n and_o dispute_v it_o at_o large_a whether_o according_a to_o the_o single_a â—orts_n of_o live_a creature_n their_o property_n be_v single_o to_o be_v reckon_v up_o or_o else_o whether_o these_o property_n be_v general_o to_o be_v declare_v and_o the_o live_a creature_n in_o which_o the_o may_v be_v find_v be_v then_o to_o be_v subjoin_v the_o like_a difficulty_n occur_v also_o in_o other_o part_n of_o philosophy_n we_o in_o general_n geography_n have_v general_o unfold_v some_o property_n which_o in_o special_a geography_n we_o will_v apply_v to_o the_o application_n of_o single_a country_n the_o method_n of_o geography_n as_o touch_v the_o method_n and_o manner_n of_o prove_v the_o truth_n of_o geographical_a tenant_n very_o many_o be_v prove_v in_o general_a geography_n by_o demonstration_n proper_o so_o call_v especial_o celestial_a property_n but_o in_o special_a geography_n the_o celestial_a property_n only_o except_v which_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v be_v in_o a_o manner_n declare_v without_o demonstration_n because_o experience_n and_o observation_n do_v confirm_v they_o neither_o can_v they_o be_v prove_v by_o any_o other_o mean_n also_o very_a many_o proposition_n be_v prove_v or_o rather_o demonstrate_v by_o the_o terrestrial_a artificial_a globe_n and_o also_o by_o geographical_a map_n and_o some_o of_o these_o proposition_n which_o be_v thus_o explain_v upon_o the_o globe_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v confirm_v by_o lawful_a demonstration_n again_o some_o proposition_n can_v in_o no_o wise_n be_v so_o prove_v but_o be_v therefore_o receive_v because_o we_o suppose_v that_o all_o place_n in_o the_o globe_n and_o map_n be_v so_o dispose_v even_o as_o they_o lie_v on_o the_o earth_n yet_o in_o these_o thing_n we_o will_v rather_o follow_v the_o description_n make_v by_o author_n of_o geography_n the_o globe_n and_o map_n serve_v for_o the_o clear_n and_o more_o easy_a comprehension_n thereof_o the_o original_a of_o geography_n the_o original_a of_o geography_n be_v not_o new_a nor_o bring_v into_o the_o world_n at_o one_o birth_n neither_o come_v she_o to_o we_o from_o one_o man_n but_o her_o principle_n and_o foundation_n be_v lay_v long_o ago_o yea_o many_o age_n since_o although_o ancient_a geographer_n be_v employ_v only_o in_o describe_v country_n which_o be_v the_o part_n of_o chorography_n and_o topography_n the_o roman_n be_v accustom_v when_o any_o country_n by_o they_o be_v subdue_v to_o show_v in_o their_o triumph_n the_o chorography_n thereof_o lively_o pencil_v and_o draw_v on_o a_o table_n and_o flourish_v with_o picture_n to_o the_o beholder_n there_o be_v beside_o at_o rome_n in_o lucullus_n his_o porch_n many_o table_n of_o geography_n expose_v to_o the_o view_n of_o all_o man_n the_o senate_n of_o rome_n about_o a_o hundred_o year_n before_o christ_n birth_n send_v surveyor_n and_o geographer_n into_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o world_n that_o they_o may_v measure_v out_o the_o earth_n but_o they_o come_v far_o short_a thereof_o neco_n king_n of_o the_o egyptian_n many_o age_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n command_v that_o the_o whole_a outer-side_n of_o africa_n shall_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o phoenician_n in_o three_o year_n space_n king_n darius_n command_v that_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n indus_n and_o the_o ethiopian_a eastern-sea_n shall_v be_v search_v out_o alexander_n the_o great_a in_o his_o voyage_n to_o asia_n take_v with_o he_o diognetus_n and_o beton_n as_o pliny_n note_v two_o surveyor_n and_o describer_n of_o his_o journey_n out_o of_o who_o annotation_n and_o journal_o geographer_n of_o succeed_a age_n take_v many_o thing_n imperfect_a ancient_a geography_n very_o imperfect_a but_o the_o geography_n of_o the_o ancient_n be_v very_o lame_a and_o imperfect_a for_o first_o they_o know_v not_o america_n in_o the_o least_o 2._o the_o northern-land_n 3._o the_o south-land_n and_o magellan_n be_v utter_o unknown_a to_o they_o 4._o they_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v sail_v about_o or_o the_o main_a ocean_n with_o a_o continual_a trace_n do_v encompass_v it_o but_o yet_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n be_v of_o that_o opinion_n yet_o i_o utter_o deny_v they_o know_v it_o certain_o 5._o they_o know_v not_o whether_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v habitable_a 6._o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o true_a dimension_n of_o the_o earth_n although_o they_o write_v many_o thing_n in_o this_o business_n the_o excellency_n of_o geography_n first_o the_o study_n of_o geography_n be_v commend_v to_o we_o by_o the_o great_a worthiness_n thereof_o because_o it_o most_o of_o all_o become_v man_n be_v a_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o endue_v with_o reason_n above_o all_o live_a creature_n second_o it_o be_v also_o a_o pleasant_a thing_n and_o indeed_o a_o honest_a recreation_n to_o contemplate_v the_o kingdom_n and_o property_n of_o the_o earth_n three_o the_o commodity_n and_o necessity_n of_o it_o be_v notable_a insomuch_o as_o neither_o divine_n physician_n lawyer_n historian_n nor_o other_o professor_n can_v want_v the_o knowledge_n thereof_o but_o the_o excellency_n of_o geography_n have_v be_v sufficient_o handle_v i_o place_v hereunder_o a_o table_n which_o open_v the_o order_n in_o special_a geography_n to_o the_o observe_v the_o explication_n of_o single_a country_n special_a geography_n consider_v in_o every_o region_n ten_o terrestrial_a 1._o limit_n and_o circumscription_n 2._o longitude_n of_o place_n and_o situation_n 3._o figure_n 4._o magnitude_n 5._o mountain_n the_o appellation_n situation_n and_o altitude_n their_o property_n and_o thing_n contain_v in_o they_o 6._o mine_n 7._o wood_n and_o desert_n 8._o water_n the_o sea_n lakes_n marsh_n river_n their_o spring_n inlet_n tract_n and_o latitude_n the_o quantity_n of_o water_n the_o celerity_n the_o quantity_n the_o cataract_n 9_o fertility_n sterility_n and_o fruit_n 10._o the_o animal_n eight_o celestial_a 1._o the_o distance_n of_o place_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o pole_n 2._o the_o obliquity_n of_o motion_n above_o the_o horizon_n 3._o the_o quantity_n of_o day_n 4._o the_o clime_n and_o zone_n 5._o the_o heat_n the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n the_o wind_n rain_n and_o other_o meteor_n 6._o the_o rise_n and_o stay_v of_o the_o star_n above_o the_o horizon_n 7._o the_o star_n pass_v through_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o place_n 8._o the_o celerity_n or_o quantity_n of_o their_o motion_n according_a to_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o copernicus_n ten_o human_a thing_n 1._o the_o stature_n life_n meat_n and_o drink_n and_o the_o original_a of_o the_o inhabitant_n 2._o the_o income_n art_n merchandise_n or_o traffic_n 3._o virtue_n and_o vice_n the_o genius_n and_o erudition_n 4._o
peninsula_n a_o peninsula_n a_o peninsula_n or_o chersonese_n that_o be_v such_o a_o tract_n of_o land_n that_o be_v almost_o encompass_v by_o the_o sea_n except_o at_o one_o only_a narrow_a place_n where_o with_o a_o strait_a neck_n of_o land_n call_v a_o isthmus_n it_o be_v knit_v to_o the_o main_a land_n isthmus_n a_o isthmus_n a_o isthmus_n be_v that_o narrow_a or_o strait_a neck_n of_o land_n that_o couple_n and_o join_v the_o peninsula_n to_o the_o continent_n or_o main-land_n and_o that_o by_o which_o we_o pass_v out_o of_o one_o broad_a land_n into_o another_o the_o peninsula_n chersonesuss_n or_o chersoneses_n that_o be_v run_v out_o land_n be_v these_o follow_v to_o wit_n 1._o italy_n 2._o spain_n 3._o part_v of_o england_n peninsula_n of_o land_n which_o be_v or_o may_v be_v term_v peninsula_n 4._o all_o greece_n and_o macedonia_n 5._o norway_n and_o swedeland_n with_o lapland_n 6._o asia_n minor_fw-la 7._o india_n 8._o camboia_n 9_o new_a guiney_n of_o the_o south-land_n 10._o beach_n a_o country_n of_o the_o same_o land_n 11._o part_v of_o virginia_n and_o new-england_n 12._o the_o tongue_n of_o africa_n etc._n etc._n proposition_n x._o ancient_n other_o land_n term_v peninsula_n the_o chersonese_n of_o the_o ancient_n we_o will_v number_v up_o further_o fourteen_o peninsula_n or_o chersonese_n and_o these_o we_o will_v divide_v into_o longish_n one_o and_o somewhat_o round_a one_o the_o longish_n one_o be_v first_o the_o golden_a chersonese_n of_o the_o ancient_n now_o call_v the_o malaccan_n chersonese_n and_o join_v to_o the_o indies_n 2._o the_o cymbrick_n chersonese_n now_o call_v jutland_n adjoin_v to_o holsatia_n 3._o california_n on_o the_o western_a side_n of_o north_n america_n near_o the_o sea_n vermejo_n but_o late_a observation_n report_v it_o to_o be_v a_o island_n 4._o new_a france_n on_o the_o eastern_a side_n of_o north_n america_n 5._o the_o jucatan_n chersonese_n in_o the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n 6._o the_o thracian_a chersonese_n on_o the_o hellespont_n 7._o the_o cassandrian_a chersonese_n by_o the_o bay_n of_o thessalonica_n in_o the_o grecian_a sea_n there_o be_v also_o certain_a peninsula_n less_o celebrious_a of_o the_o lesser_a asia_n to_o wit_n jonia_n or_o the_o smyrnensian_a peninsule_n 2._o the_o cnidensian_a or_o the_o country_n of_o doris_n and_o 3._o the_o mindensian_a peninsula_n concern_v corea_n it_o be_v doubtful_a whether_o it_o be_v a_o complete_a island_n or_o a_o peninsula_n some_o map_n join_v it_o to_o tartary_n some_o again_o begird_v it_o round_o with_o the_o sea_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o late_a observation_n make_v it_o a_o peninsule_n the_o somewhat_o round_a peninsula_n be_v 1._o africa_n herself_o a_o huge_a part_n of_o the_o old_a world_n be_v such_o a_o one_o it_o be_v environ_v with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n the_o atlantic_a ocean_n the_o aethiopic_a indian_a and_o red-sea_n it_o stick_v fast_o to_o asia_n by_o a_o narrow_a tract_n of_o land_n at_o egypt_n 2._o three_o part_n of_o america_n to_o wit_n mexican_n and_o peru_n stick_v fast_o together_o at_o panama_n by_o a_o narrow_a passage_n of_o the_o earth_n 3._o peloponnesus_n now_o call_v the_o morea_n be_v part_n of_o greece_n 4._o taurick_v chersonese_n or_o peninsula_n in_o the_o euxine_a sea_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o fen_n maeotis_n now_o call_v the_o precopensian_a tartary_n 5._o cambaia_n in_o india_n proposition_n xi_o peninsula_n of_o the_o chief_a peninsula_n we_o reckon_v as_o many_o isthmuss_n as_o peninsula_n the_o more_o famous_a be_v five_o in_o number_n 1._o the_o isthmus_n between_o egypt_n and_o asia_n whereby_o africa_n join_v to_o asia_n 2._o the_o corinthian_a isthmus_n between_o peloponnesus_n and_o greece_n 3._o the_o panamensian_a isthmus_n between_o mexico_n america_n and_o peruvia_n 4._o the_o isthmus_n between_o the_o chersonesus_n aurea_n or_o golden_a chersonesus_n and_o the_o indies_n 5._o the_o isthmus_n of_o the_o taurick_n chersonese_n chap._n ix_o of_o mountain_n and_o hill_n in_o general_n hill_n of_o mountain_n and_o hill_n touch_v mountain_n very_o many_o thing_n worthy_a to_o be_v know_v in_o geography_n will_v here_o occur_v and_o meet_v we_o partly_o because_o they_o seem_v to_o hinder_v the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o partly_o because_o divers_a thing_n among_o renown_a author_n be_v here_o deliver_v concern_v they_o proposition_n i._n but_o a_o mountain_n or_o hill_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n rise_v aloft_o which_o if_o it_o be_v lesser_a be_v call_v a_o hillock_n or_o clift_n rock_n of_o promontory_n and_o rock_n also_o a_o promontory_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o hill_n or_o mountain_n run_v out_o at_o length_n into_o the_o sea_n rock_n be_v call_v part_n jut_v or_o appear_v forth_o in_o the_o sea_n or_o also_o arise_v up_o out_o of_o huge_a stony_a bulk_n or_o body_n but_o it_o must_v be_v general_o know_v that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o appear_v plain_a be_v not_o all_o of_o the_o same_o height_n but_o some_o be_v sink_v low_a especial_o at_o or_o near_o the_o sea_n shore_n insomuch_o as_o the_o height_n increase_v from_o maritine_n place_n or_o such_o as_o abutt_o upon_o the_o sea_n even_o to_o the_o inland_a region_n this_o also_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o fountain_n and_o flow_a stream_n of_o river_n for_o see_v that_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o which_o the_o water_n flow_v be_v low_a than_o that_o from_o which_o it_o flow_v and_o that_o the_o fountain-head_n and_o spring_n of_o river_n be_v seldom_o in_o the_o inland_a place_n and_o such_o as_o be_v far_o remote_a from_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v clear_o manifest_a thereby_o that_o the_o inland_a place_n be_v more_o elevate_v than_o those_o adjoin_v to_o the_o sea_n coast_n seacoast_n inland_a place_n high_a than_o those_o near_o the_o seacoast_n so_o bohemia_n be_v high_a than_o holsatia_n which_o be_v perceive_v by_o the_o stream_a course_n of_o the_o river_n elbe_n which_o flow_v from_o bohemia_n to_o holsatia_n in_o like_a manner_n we_o take_v apparent_a sign_n and_o argument_n of_o the_o great_a height_n of_o inland_a place_n from_o the_o river_n danubius_n visurgis_n rhine_n mosa_n etc._n etc._n the_o swishers_n and_o rhetian_o country_n be_v judge_v by_o some_o man_n to_o be_v the_o high_a of_o all_o europe_n because_o the_o river_n rhine_n rouen_n and_o the_o great_a danou_n do_v flow_v and_o stream_n down_o from_o thence_o moreover_o look_v how_o great_a the_o declivity_n or_o bear_v downward_o of_o the_o river_n be_v so_o great_a be_v the_o height_n of_o the_o inland_a place_n above_o the_o maritine_n place_n proposition_n ii_o to_o find_v out_o the_o height_n of_o a_o mountain_n by_o geodesie_n or_o land-measuring_a common_o call_v survey_v this_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n which_o we_o use_v in_o the_o search_n out_o the_o height_n of_o tower_n if_o so_o be_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n or_o hill_n be_v remarkable_a by_o some_o peculiar_a sign_n geodesie_n for_o the_o find_n out_o the_o height_n of_o a_o mountain_n by_o geodesie_n let_v a_o b_o be_v the_o mountain_n height_n a_o the_o foot_n b_o the_o conspicuous_a head_n thereof_o we_o will_v take_v the_o line_n f_o c_o by_o a_o mean_a distance_n from_o it_o so_o that_o neither_o of_o the_o angle_n a_o f_o c_o a_o c_o f_o may_v be_v make_v very_o acute_a but_o may_v in_o a_o manner_n be_v equal_a then_o let_v the_o angle_n a_o f_o c_o a_o c_o f_o be_v observe_v by_o a_o collimation_n or_o level_v with_o wink_v be_v make_v to_o b_o and_o these_o be_v subtract_v to_o 180_o degree_n the_o remain_a degree_n shall_v show_v forth_o the_o angle_n c_o a_o f._n after_o that_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o station_n of_o f_o c_o be_v exquisite_o to_o be_v measure_v scheme_n see_v scheme_n and_o let_v it_o be_v wrought_v as_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n f_o a_o c_o to_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n c_o f_o a_o or_o f_o c_o a_o if_o you_o will_v take_v f_o a_o so_o f_o c_o to_o a_o c_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o mountain_n from_o c._n then_o the_o instrument_n be_v hang_v up_o or_o place_v upright_o in_o c_z and_o level_v with_o the_o eye_n to_o b_o let_v the_o angle_n b_o c_o at_fw-fr be_v take_v and_o because_o the_o triangle_n c_o a_o b_o be_v strait_a angle_a to_o wit_n the_o angle_n b_o a_o c_o be_v strait_a therefore_o also_o the_o angle_n a_o b_o c_o of_o 90_o degree_n shall_v be_v give_v let_v it_o therefore_o be_v wrought_v by_o the_o triangle_n bac_n as_o the_o whole_a sign_n 10000000_o to_o the_o tangent_fw-la of_o the_o angle_n b_o c_o a_o so_o the_o distance_n a_o c_o to_o the_o perpendicular_a height_n of_o the_o mountain_n a_o b._n xenagoras_n the_o height_n of_o the_o mountain_n olympus_n measure_v by_o xenagoras_n for_o example_n let_v we_o put_v it_o that_o
then_o follow_v the_o coast_n of_o arabia_n here_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o persian_a gulf_n and_o towards_o the_o east_n the_o coast_n of_o persia_n cambaja_n indostan_n india_n malacca_n bengala_n camboja_n china_n tartary_n at_o corea_n or_o the_o straight_a of_o anian_n whence_o by_o or_o through_o the_o northern_a coast_n of_o tartary_n and_o samojedia_n you_o return_v to_o waigat_n strait_n the_o circumscription_n or_o periplus_n of_o america_n be_v thus_o america_n the_o periplus_n of_o america_n we_o begin_v from_o the_o shore_n of_o davies_n streights_n whence_o in_o a_o gulf_n be_v make_v the_o sea_n name_v from_o hudson_n be_v receive_v here_o by_o a_o reflection_n be_v the_o coast_n of_o estotiland_n new-england_n new-france_n virginia_n florida_n mexico_n the_o american_n isthmus_n castelle_n del_fw-it oro_fw-la guiana_n caribana_n brazilia_n here_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n look_v towards_o the_o south_n but_o extend_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n hence_o from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n run_v the_o shore_n of_o chili_n peru_n the_o american_n isthmus_n mexico_n where_o at_o california_n the_o sea_n of_o vermejo_n be_v receive_v in_o a_o gulf_n hence_o the_o coast_n of_o california_n new-england_n quivira_n anian_n where_o be_v the_o coast_n of_o the_o strait_n of_o anian_a which_o now_o they_o deny_v and_o follow_v unknown_a shore_n which_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o strait_n of_o davies_n the_o circumscription_n of_o the_o north_n polary_n land_n be_v thus_o from_o davies_n streights_n the_o coast_n of_o groenland_n do_v begin_v which_o run_v a_o little_a towards_o the_o south_n and_o then_o return_v to_o the_o north_n and_o be_v term_v the_o coast_n of_o spitzbergh_n then_o the_o shore_n run_v from_o the_o region_n of_o nova_n zembla_n and_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o tartarian_a ocean_n where_o the_o other_o coast_n even_o to_o davies_n streights_n be_v unknown_a magellan_n the_o periplus_n of_o the_o land_n of_o magellan_n the_o periplus_n of_o the_o land_n of_o magellan_n be_v thus_o the_o coast_n begin_v from_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n or_o le_fw-fr more_o and_o make_v divers_a wâ—ndings_n to_o the_o region_n beach_n where_o the_o lantchilonium_n sea_n be_v receive_v in_o a_o straight_a hence_o the_o coast_n of_o new-guiney_n run_v forward_o to_o the_o north_n and_o then_o return_v to_o the_o south_n than_o they_o go_v straight_o on_o to_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n thus_o the_o periplus_n of_o the_o land_n be_v finish_v now_o let_v we_o take_v a_o prospect_n of_o the_o circumscription_n of_o the_o ocean_n we_o will_v make_v entrance_n between_o davies_n streights_n and_o nova_n zembla_n and_o here_o be_v the_o hyperborean_a sea_n the_o freeze_a sea_n the_o caledonian_n or_o sea_n of_o groenland_n than_o it_o run_v between_o the_o coast_n of_o europe_n and_o america_n and_o be_v call_v the_o british_a sea_n the_o danish_a sea_n where_o it_o make_v a_o gulf_n the_o german_a french_a spanish_a where_o it_o make_v the_o mediterranean_a and_o sea_n of_o mexico_n the_o atlantic_a in_o part_n here_o viz._n where_o it_o run_v between_o the_o coast_n of_o brasil_n and_o africa_n by_o and_o by_o it_o be_v call_v aethiopia_n and_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n on_o one_o side_n enter_v in_o from_o the_o other_o eastern_a quarter_n be_v the_o indian_a and_o south-sea_n where_o it_o be_v extend_v between_o africa_n and_o the_o land_n of_o magellan_n then_o between_o asia_n and_o the_o same_o land_n of_o magellan_n and_o come_v into_o the_o pacifick_n sea_n which_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o strait_n of_o waigat_n and_o anian_a and_o to_o the_o south_n straight_o of_o magellan_n by_o the_o middle_n of_o which_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o atlantic_a it_o direct_o tend_v to_o the_o oriental_a coast_n of_o america_n chili_n peru_n mexico_n california_n new-england_n to_o these_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v two_o table_n whereof_o one_o contain_v the_o division_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o other_o the_o division_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n but_o have_v make_v use_v of_o the_o former_a in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n i_o omit_v it_o here_o and_o only_o make_v use_n of_o the_o latter_a viz._n the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n the_o earth_n be_v divide_v into_o land_n and_o water_n the_o water_n be_v divide_v into_o rivers_n lake_n marsh_n and_o the_o continue_a ocean_n or_o sea_n be_v distinguish_v through_o the_o land_n by_o these_o difference_n 1._o the_o ocean_n who_o chief_a part_n be_v four_o 1._o the_o atlantic_a mer_n del_fw-it nort_n follow_v with_o the_o ethiopic_a sea_n between_o europe_n and_o africa_n on_o the_o one_o part_n and_o america_n on_o the_o other_o obtain_v divers_a name_n according_a to_o the_o part_n as_o the_o ethiopic_a british_a french_a ocean_n 2._o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n mer_n del_fw-it zur_n between_o the_o extreme_a part_n of_o asia_n the_o indian_a isle_n and_o the_o occidental_a coast_n of_o america_n 3._o the_o north_n ocean_n about_o the_o north_n continent_n the_o tartarian_a hyperborean_a freeze_v ocean_n 4._o the_o south_n ocean_n about_o the_o land_n of_o magellan_n part_n of_o which_o be_v the_o indian_a sea_n 2._o bay_n or_o gulf_n long_a whereof_o there_o be_v six_o to_o wit_n 1._o the_o mediterranean_a run_v between_o africa_n and_o the_o region_n of_o europe_n who_o part_n be_v the_o iberian_n sicilian_a cretan_a sea_n etc._n etc._n the_o secondary_a gulf_n which_o be_v many_o the_o adriatic_a gulf_n of_o venice_n euxine_a sea_n the_o bay_n of_o corinth_n etc._n etc._n 2._o the_o baltic_a ocean_n '_o whence_o be_v these_o secondary_a gulf_n as_o that_o of_o livonia_n botnia_n finmarke_n 3._o the_o gulf_n of_o arabia_n between_o africa_n and_o arabia_n 4._o the_o persian_a gulf_n between_o arabia_n and_o persia_n 5._o the_o gulf_n of_o california_n between_o california_n and_o new_a granada_n 6._o the_o gulf_n of_o corea_n between_o corea_n and_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o tartary_n and_o china_n broad_o or_o wide_o as_o 1._o the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n between_o the_o north_n and_o south_n america_n 2._o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n between_o the_o coast_n of_o indostan_n and_o malacca_n 3._o the_o gulf_n between_o malacca_n and_o camboja_n 4._o the_o white_a sea_n from_o the_o north_n ocean_n between_o lapland_n and_o the_o utmost_a coast_n of_o moscovia_n 5._o the_o lantchidol_n sea_n between_o the_o beach_n and_o new_a guiny_n of_o the_o land_n of_o magellan_n 6._o hudsons_n sea_n between_o new_a france_n and_o canada_n arise_v from_o the_o northern_a ocean_n these_o want_n streights_n 3._o strait_n as_o the_o strait_n of_o 1._o magellan_n by_o which_o you_o come_v from_o the_o atlantic_a or_o ethiopick_n into_o the_o pacifick_n and_o this_o be_v the_o long_a straight_a of_o all_o other_o 2._o le_fw-fr more_o near_o to_o that_o of_o magellan_n and_o of_o the_o same_o use_n 3._o waigat_n by_o which_o you_o sail_v from_o the_o north_n ocean_n into_o the_o tartarian_a 4._o anian_n by_o which_o you_o sail_v from_o the_o tartarian_a into_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n which_o be_v now_o deny_v 5._o davis_n and_o forbischers_n by_o which_o you_o sail_v from_o the_o atlantic_a into_o the_o tartarian_a or_o pacifick_n 6._o nova_fw-la zembla_n by_o which_o a_o way_n may_v be_v grant_v from_o the_o hyperborean_a and_o frozen-sea_n into_o the_o tartarian_a but_o that_o the_o ice_n do_v hinder_v 7._o gibraltar_n by_o which_o a_o passage_n be_v from_o the_o atlantic_a into_o the_o mediterranean_a 8._o denmark_n or_o the_o sound_n by_o which_o you_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o atlantic_a into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n 9_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o arabian_a sea_n by_o which_o you_o arrive_v in_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n 10._o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o persian_a sea_n by_o which_o you_o come_v into_o the_o persian_a gulf_n 11._o the_o hellespont_n and_o bosphorus_n by_o which_o you_o come_v from_o the_o aegean_a sea_n into_o the_o sea_n of_o pontus_n as_o concern_v the_o caspian_a sea_n whether_o that_o it_o be_v peculiar_a or_o whether_o that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o broad_a gulf_n of_o the_o ocean_n of_o which_o it_o be_v a_o subterranean_a passage_n be_v yet_o doubt_v chap._n xiii_o of_o some_o property_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o its_o part_n proposition_n i._o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o all_o liquid_a body_n be_v rotund_v spherical_a or_o else_o be_v part_n of_o a_o spherical_a superficies_n who_o centre_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o whole_a earth_n or_o land_n the_o verity_n of_o this_o theorem_fw-la be_v manifest_a from_o those_o argument_n by_o which_o we_o prove_v in_o the_o three_o chapter_n that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v spherical_a which_o be_v true_a concern_v the_o water_n as_o the_o earth_n as_o i_o have_v there_o prove_v but_o because_o those_o probation_n only_o conclude_v à _fw-la posteriori_fw-la i_o here_o
high_o for_o to_o avoid_v this_o excess_n of_o altitude_n the_o ocean_n flow_v from_o those_o place_n towards_o the_o equator_fw-la now_o the_o original_n of_o the_o opinion_n concern_v the_o great_a altitude_n of_o the_o north_n land_n more_o than_o of_o other_o seem_v to_o spring_v hence_o because_o that_o the_o face_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o north_n we_o discover_v the_o pole_n elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o our_o place_n and_o therefore_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o vicine_fw-la tract_v of_o the_o land_n in_o their_o supposition_n be_v high_a than_o other_o region_n some_o determine_v the_o indian_a ocean_n between_o africa_n and_o india_n to_o be_v high_a than_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n which_o they_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v from_o the_o bay_n viz._n the_o arabian_a and_o mediterranean_a where_o also_o the_o doubt_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o bay_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o ocean_n or_o lesser_a especial_o in_o the_o extreme_a part_n of_o the_o bay_n and_o chief_o in_o those_o bay_n which_o be_v join_v by_o a_o narrow_a straight_o of_o the_o ocean_n mediterranean_a the_o indian_a and_o atlantic_a ocean_n high_o than_o the_o mediterranean_a but_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o that_o the_o atlantic_a and_o indian_a ocean_n be_v high_o than_o the_o mediterranean_a bay_n especial_o in_o the_o extreme_n part_n of_o this_o at_o asia_n minor_n and_o egypt_n for_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n flow_v through_o the_o strait_n of_o gades_n into_o the_o mediterranean_a bay_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v some_o what_o great_a than_o that_o of_o the_o straight_a because_o a_o free_a influx_n be_v impede_v in_o these_o here_o indeed_o will_v be_v a_o small_a difference_n but_o then_o proceed_v forward_o in_o so_o long_a and_o large_a a_o tract_n between_o europe_n and_o africa_n the_o depression_n of_o this_o bay_n will_v seem_v to_o be_v make_v great_a than_o that_o of_o the_o ocean_n especial_o when_o it_o meet_v many_o rock_n island_n and_o procurrent_a land_n which_o repel_v the_o current_a water_n and_o therefore_o either_o diminish_v or_o beat_v back_o the_o influx_n yea_o if_o that_o be_v true_a which_o be_v report_v by_o credible_a author_n concern_v sesostris_n king_n of_o egypt_n darius_n and_o other_o egyptian_a king_n we_o ought_v no_o long_o to_o doubt_v of_o this_o inequality_n of_o altitude_n for_o those_o king_n attempt_v to_o draw_v a_o trench_n or_o channel_n from_o the_o red-sea_n into_o the_o nile_n so_o that_o by_o this_o passage_n a_o navigation_n may_v be_v perform_v from_o the_o indian_a and_o red-sea_n through_o egypt_n and_o hence_o through_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o nile_n into_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n which_o will_v have_v offer_v great_a profit_n and_o conveniency_n to_o many_o region_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a bay_n but_o they_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v their_o enterprise_n when_o it_o 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sultan_n and_o turkish_a emperor_n have_v consult_v how_o to_o dig_v through_o the_o isthmus_n which_o conjoin_v africa_n and_o asia_n disjoyn_v the_o mediterranean_a and_o red-sea_n but_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o proceed_v not_o be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o indian_a and_o red-sea_n above_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o the_o coast_n adjacent_a to_o it_o and_o therefore_o they_o fear_v lest_o that_o the_o water_n flow_v from_o the_o red-sea_n shall_v overflow_v and_o drown_v the_o region_n of_o those_o coast_n especial_o egypt_n concern_v who_o low_a situation_n all_o writer_n do_v consent_n if_o therefore_o the_o isthmus_n between_o the_o red-sea_n and_o the_o mediterranean_a shall_v be_v cut_v or_o dug_n through_o then_o by_o a_o open_a passage_n the_o indian_a ocean_n will_v immit_v much_o water_n into_o the_o mediterranean_a bay_n but_o whether_o it_o can_v let_v in_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o danger_n of_o a_o inundation_n of_o the_o region_n adjacent_a to_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n i_o doubt_v for_o peradventure_o it_o may_v be_v thus_o if_o that_o the_o indian_a ocean_n shall_v let_v in_o somewhat_o overmuch_o than_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n will_v let_v in_o less_o through_o the_o strait_n of_o gades_n from_o who_o altitude_n somewhat_o will_v be_v detract_v if_o that_o the_o motion_n be_v make_v from_o the_o indian_a sea_n into_o the_o mediterranean_a but_o although_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o this_o may_v be_v isthmus_n reasins_z why_o the_o egyptian_a sultan_n and_o turk_n do_v not_o dig_v a_o passage_n through_o the_o isthmus_n yet_o i_o suppose_v that_o the_o egyptian_a sultan_n and_o the_o turk_n be_v move_v by_o other_o reason_n and_o political_a cause_n for_o the_o omit_v the_o dig_v through_o of_o this_o isthmus_n as_o 1._o the_o vast_a expense_n it_o be_v forty_o german_a mile_n and_o the_o earth_n rocky_a also_o bank_n must_v have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o skilful_a artist_n which_o they_o want_v 2._o they_o suppose_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o christian_a part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o the_o english_a french_a dutch_a italian_n etc._n etc._n will_v have_v reap_v more_o benefit_n by_o that_o mean_n than_o they_o themselves_o for_o then_o through_o that_o straight_a they_o may_v have_v sail_v into_o persia_n and_o india_n whereas_o now_o they_o fetch_v a_o vast_a circuit_n compass_v all_o africa_n and_o have_v lade_v themselves_o with_o their_o rich_a commodity_n which_o they_o be_v now_o content_v to_o have_v at_o aleppo_n history_n see_v massius_n in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o his_o indian_a history_n be_v thither_o bring_v on_o camel_n through_o the_o turk_n territory_n and_o in_o many_o place_n receive_v custom_n for_o the_o same_o which_o be_v no_o small_a benefit_n unto_o they_o 3._o that_o the_o sultan_n and_o turk_n know_v that_o the_o christian_n excel_v in_o the_o abundance_n of_o warlike_a ship_n which_o they_o be_v deficient_a in_o and_o therefore_o fear_v lest_o they_o shall_v be_v invade_v by_o a_o strong_a navy_n which_o may_v land_n a_o powerful_a army_n and_o so_o overrun_v their_o country_n these_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v explain_v concern_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n compare_v with_o the_o red-sea_n the_o atlantic_a and_o indian_a ocean_n by_o reason_n that_o some_o thence_o take_v occasion_n to_o maintain_v that_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v divers_a but_o we_o may_v confirm_v they_o also_o by_o another_o example_n if_o that_o we_o may_v compare_v small_a matter_n with_o great_a the_o german_a ocean_n which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o atlantic_a flow_v between_o friesland_n and_o holland_n into_o a_o bay_n which_o although_o it_o be_v small_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o more_o note_a bay_n of_o the_o sea_n yet_o it_o be_v also_o call_v a_o sea_n and_o water_v the_o empory_n amsterdam_n not_o far_o from_o thence_o be_v the_o lake_n harlame_n which_o be_v also_o term_v the_o sea_n of_o harlame_n who_o altitude_n be_v no_o less_o than_o the_o altitude_n of_o that_o belgic_a bay_n which_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o and_o send_v a_o branch_n into_o the_o city_n of_o leyden_n where_o it_o divaricate_v into_o many_o trench_n now_o see_v that_o neither_o this_o lake_n nor_o that_o of_o the_o belgic_a sea_n do_v cause_n the_o inundation_n of_o the_o adjacent_a land_n it_o be_v thence_o manifest_a that_o they_o be_v not_o high_a than_o the_o land_n of_o holland_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o leyden_n have_v experimental_o find_v the_o german_a ocean_n to_o be_v high_a than_o these_o land_n when_o they_o undertake_v to_o make_v a_o trench_n or_o channel_n from_o this_o city_n to_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o german_a ocean_n near_o the_o town_n of_o the_o catti_n it_o be_v the_o space_n of_o two_o mile_n that_o they_o may_v sail_v through_o this_o channel_n the_o sea_n
vicine_fw-la place_n be_v to_o be_v find_v whereby_o it_o may_v come_v unto_o those_o northern_a region_n see_v that_o therefore_o this_o flux_n be_v perpetual_a neither_o do_v the_o water_n come_v by_o a_o manifest_a way_n unto_o those_o region_n whence_o the_o flux_n be_v make_v therefore_o it_o seem_v necessary_a to_o conclude_v that_o the_o water_n come_v through_o subterraneous_a passage_n unto_o those_o northern_a region_n and_o so_o there_o to_o be_v effuse_v from_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o channel_n as_o from_o a_o spring_n and_o that_o the_o water_n move_v hence_o towards_o the_o south_n there_o fall_v in_o another_o cause_n take_v from_o the_o former_a for_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v more_o heavy_a than_o that_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a abundance_n of_o salt_n as_o we_o have_v prove_v in_o the_o eight_o and_o twelve_o proposition_n therefore_o the_o water_n or_o ocean_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n do_v more_o press_n through_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o subterranean_a passage_n than_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n and_o therefore_o in_o these_o place_n the_o water_n less_o resist_v suffer_v the_o water_n to_o flow_v from_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o channel_n unto_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o that_o flux_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o only_o from_o the_o north_n as_o the_o objection_n seem_v to_o infer_v and_o as_o some_o especial_o the_o ancient_n conceive_v of_o it_o who_o will_v have_v the_o water_n to_o flow_v in_o four_o channel_n from_o the_o very_a pole_n as_o also_o some_o geographical_a map_n do_v exhibit_v it_o neither_o be_v it_o continual_a but_o be_v observe_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o frequency_n of_o northern_a wind_n moreover_o the_o great_a and_o perpetual_a abundance_n of_o snow_n and_o rain_n in_o those_o place_n augment_v the_o water_n and_o cause_v it_o to_o flow_v towards_o the_o south_n add_v likewise_o that_o in_o other_o part_n another_o motion_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v find_v concern_v which_o see_v the_o follow_a chapter_n 3._o it_o seem_v not_o absurd_a but_o rather_o most_o true_a that_o all_o the_o fountain_n of_o river_n take_v together_o disburthen_v themselves_o into_o the_o ocean_n be_v the_o very_a fountain_n of_o the_o ocean_n for_o see_v that_o in_o perpetual_a progress_n of_o time_n so_o great_a a_o abundance_n of_o water_n flow_v from_o they_o into_o the_o ocean_n questionless_a the_o water_n come_v from_o the_o ocean_n to_o the_o very_a spring_n and_o channel_n of_o the_o river_n partly_o through_o the_o subterranean_a passage_n and_o partly_o by_o ra_n 4._o it_o may_v seem_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o ocean_n may_v be_v in_o the_o very_a channel_n because_o that_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o ocean_n in_o some_o part_n sweet_a or_o fresh_a water_n be_v find_v which_o can_v not_o be_v but_o by_o some_o fountain_n flow_v in_o the_o bottom_n linschaten_a relate_v that_o in_o ormus_n fresh_a water_n be_v draw_v by_o divers_a in_o the_o ocean_n at_o the_o depth_n of_o four_o or_o five_o orgya_n and_o the_o like_a fountain_n be_v find_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o bays_n unto_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o few_o such_o spring_n have_v yet_o be_v find_v which_o suffice_v not_o the_o vast_a ocean_n neither_o do_v we_o dispute_v concern_v these_o fountain_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o hence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o some_o sort_n it_o be_v true_a and_o we_o may_v well_o say_v that_o the_o ocean_n have_v spring_n but_o not_o in_o that_o sense_n that_o we_o be_v wont_v to_o speak_v concern_v the_o spring_n of_o river_n and_o in_o which_o we_o will_v have_v our_o proposition_n to_o be_v take_v hence_o also_o it_o be_v manifest_v what_o we_o ought_v to_o think_v concern_v that_o question_n viz._n whether_o the_o sea_n be_v always_o one_o and_o the_o same_o and_o perpetual_o so_o remain_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v another_o thing_n who_o part_n be_v perpetual_o consume_v and_o generate_v again_o proposition_n viii_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o water_n proceed_v from_o the_o particle_n of_o salt_n which_o be_v mix_v with_o it_o but_o whence_o they_o may_v exist_v or_o be_v so_o augment_v be_v the_o doubt_n sea-water_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea-water_n experlence_n prove_v the_o first_o member_n of_o the_o proposition_n by_o which_o it_o be_v common_o know_v that_o salt_n be_v make_v of_o sea-water_n by_o decoction_n of_o the_o water_n or_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o the_o fervour_n of_o the_o fire_n in_o germany_n and_o other_o place_n the_o water_n be_v separate_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o fire_n in_o france_n the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n perform_v the_o same_o the_o ocean_n be_v let_v into_o certain_a trench_n make_v in_o which_o in_o the_o space_n of_o some_o month_n the_o water_n be_v exhale_v by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o sun_n make_v of_o salt_n and_o of_o what_o make_v concrete_v and_o hard_a salt_n be_v find_v on_o the_o shore_n of_o many_o region_n as_o of_o england_n and_o other_o part_n plenty_n of_o bay-salt_n be_v find_v the_o sea-water_n continual_o overflow_a those_o shore_n leave_v daily_o some_o particle_n or_o humour_n from_o which_o the_o water_n exhale_v and_o concrete_a salt_n be_v leave_v who_o blackness_n be_v take_v away_o by_o boil_v although_o it_o be_v wash_v away_o and_o dissolve_v from_o many_o coast_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o ocean_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o it_o be_v not_o find_v on_o all_o coast_n see_v therefore_o that_o this_o experiment_n be_v common_a aristotle_n have_v small_a reason_n to_o allege_v a_o false_a experiment_n concern_v a_o waxen_a vessel_n let_v down_o into_o the_o sea_n hence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o proximate_a cause_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea-water_n or_o the_o true_a subject_n of_o this_o saltness_n be_v the_o saline_n particle_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o that_o water_n therefore_o the_o aristotelian_o with_o their_o master_n speak_v improper_o and_o obscured_o without_o cause_n when_o they_o defend_v and_o say_v that_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n proceed_v from_o the_o adustion_n of_o the_o sea_n cause_v by_o the_o sun_n or_o from_o the_o adust_a particle_n but_o of_o this_o more_o anon_o the_o chief_a difficulty_n and_o controversy_n be_v concern_v the_o other_o member_n of_o the_o proposition_n whence_o these_o salt_n particle_n of_o the_o ocean_n exist_v aristotle_n suppose_v that_o dry_a exhalation_n or_o fume_n all_o which_o he_o say_v be_v of_o a_o adust_a and_o saline_n nature_n elevate_v from_o the_o earth_n be_v mix_v with_o humid_a vapour_n and_o when_o that_o these_o have_v meet_v together_o in_o rain_n they_o fall_v with_o these_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o thence_o proceed_v the_o saltness_n and_o salt_n particle_n in_o the_o sea_n 7._o see_v aristotle_n lib._n 2._o chap._n 7._o and_o on_o this_o account_n he_o seem_v to_o defend_v this_o opinion_n because_o that_o from_o thence_o he_o may_v render_v a_o reason_n why_o the_o sea_n be_v always_o salt_n but_o other_o peripatetic_n will_v have_v it_o and_o so_o do_v endeavour_v to_o draw_v aristotle_n to_o their_o part_n that_o this_o saltness_n be_v in_o the_o sea_n itself_o by_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v perpetual_o scorch_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n a_o sign_n of_o which_o be_v that_o the_o water_n be_v find_v by_o so_o much_o the_o less_o salt_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v more_o deep_a or_o remote_a from_o the_o superficies_n for_o in_o the_o superficies_n we_o discover_v it_o to_o be_v most_o salt_n both_o these_o opinion_n be_v obstruct_v with_o great_a difficulty_n and_o absurdity_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v wonderful_a that_o the_o mind_n of_o philosopher_n and_o learned_a man_n can_v acquiesce_v in_o they_o first_o the_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n be_v thus_o obstruct_a that_o salt-rain_n shall_v be_v find_v in_o the_o ocean_n which_o never_o yet_o be_v find_v to_o be_v void_a of_o all_o taste_n of_o salt_n second_o the_o sea_n shall_v be_v less_o salt_n when_o it_o rain_v not_o for_o a_o long_a time_n the_o contrary_a of_o which_o yet_o be_v find_v the_o other_o opinion_n have_v these_o difficulty_n 1._o it_o be_v false_a that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v find_v the_o less_o salt_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v nigh_o to_o the_o bottom_n for_o there_o be_v few_o place_n viz._n in_o those_o bottom_n where_o spring_n of_o fresh_a water_n do_v flow_v 2._o experience_n testify_v that_o fresh_a water_n although_o long_o expose_v to_o the_o sun_n or_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n yet_o do_v not_o become_v salt_n this_o objection_n scaliger_n endeavour_v to_o avoid_v by_o a_o overnice_a subtlety_n for_o he_o say_v that_o this_o happen_v in_o these_o observation_n by_o reason_n of_o
the_o exiguity_n of_o the_o water_n which_o do_v not_o grow_v thick_a but_o resolve_v for_o although_o you_o take_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n and_o that_o you_o provoke_v with_o a_o light_n and_o gentle_a fire_n that_o the_o resolution_n may_v be_v impede_v yet_o the_o water_n acquire_v no_o salt_n taste_v 3._o lake_n and_o marsh_n though_o heat_v by_o the_o sun_n yet_o wax_v not_o salt_n this_o objection_n also_o scaliger_n endeavour_v to_o avoid_v say_v that_o this_o happen_v by_o the_o succession_n of_o fresh_a water_n and_o the_o same_o be_v find_v in_o those_o stand_a pool_n and_o lake_n which_o only_o proceed_v from_o rain_n or_o snow_n dissolve_v where_o there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o that_o refuge_n of_o succession_n for_o those_o lake_n be_v rather_o dry_v when_o that_o it_o rain_v not_o for_o a_o long_a space_n than_o turn_v into_o salt_n or_o render_v salt_n therefore_o reject_v those_o false_a opinion_n concern_v the_o cause_n and_o original_n of_o salt_n in_o the_o ocean_n let_v we_o lay_v hold_n of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o probable_a opinion_n with_o little_a or_o no_o difficulty_n in_o it_o viz._n 1._o that_o these_o particle_n be_v coeternal_a with_o the_o very_a ocean_n and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v no_o more_o dispute_v concern_v their_o original_n than_o concern_v the_o original_n of_o the_o ocean_n itself_o the_o earth_n yea_o and_o of_o the_o original_n and_o generation_n of_o the_o world_n 2._o if_o that_o this_o opinion_n be_v less_o complacent_fw-la we_o may_v make_v choice_n of_o another_o viz._n that_o these_o salt_n particle_n be_v here_o and_o there_o pull_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o dissolve_v into_o water_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v many_o saline_a mountain_n or_o rock_n in_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o sea_n rock_n isle_n of_o ormus_n a_o salt_n rock_n the_o whole_a isle_n of_o ormus_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o white_a and_o hard_a salt_n of_o which_o they_o make_v the_o wall_n of_o their_o house_n and_o therefore_o no_o fountain_n of_o fresh_a water_n be_v find_v in_o that_o isle_n and_o none_o can_v be_v ignorant_a how_o that_o many_o mine_n of_o salt_n be_v find_v on_o the_o land_n and_o we_o have_v relate_v concern_v some_o in_o the_o eleven_o chapter_n but_o we_o need_v not_o particular_n let_v we_o consider_v the_o whole_a earth_n it_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v much_o salt_n in_o it_o the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o salt_n for_o it_o have_v its_o consistency_n from_o salt_n for_o the_o chemical_a philosopher_n do_v right_o prove_v that_o the_o consistency_n and_o compaction_n of_o every_o thing_n proceed_v from_o salt_n and_o experience_n be_v answerable_a to_o the_o assertion_n for_o if_o that_o you_o take_v a_o hard_a piece_n of_o earth_n and_o burn_v it_o to_o ash_n much_o salt_n will_v be_v find_v in_o it_o nothing_o can_v be_v allege_v against_o this_o opinion_n that_o be_v of_o any_o value_n and_o be_v not_o easy_o refute_v for_o some_o say_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o those_o salt_n part_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v perpetual_o suffice_v and_o shall_v not_o at_o some_o time_n or_o other_o be_v consume_v by_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n which_o continual_o take_v away_o some_o part_n of_o they_o unto_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o salt_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o consume_v in_o so_o great_a abundance_n that_o it_o shall_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o much_o instauration_n and_o if_o that_o any_o be_v consume_v yet_o notwithstanding_o that_o be_v lay_v up_o in_o another_o place_n see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o remove_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n proposition_n ix_o whether_o that_o water_n be_v the_o fresh_a in_o the_o ocean_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v nigh_a the_o bottom_n and_o why_o in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n fresh_a water_n be_v find_v in_o the_o bottom_n sea_n of_o the_o freshness_n of_o water_n in_o the_o sea_n unto_o the_o first_o i_o answer_v that_o experience_n do_v not_o testify_v concern_v that_o sweetness_n but_o in_o some_o place_n of_o which_o the_o other_o question_n speak_v that_o in_o these_o place_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v fountain_n of_o fresh_a water_n i_o have_v sufficient_o say_v for_o it_o can_v natural_o be_v that_o the_o more_o salt-water_n shall_v exist_v above_o water_n less_o salt_n see_v that_o that_o be_v more_o heavy_a those_o place_n of_o the_o sea_n where_o fresh_a water_n be_v find_v to_o spring_v at_o the_o bottom_n may_v be_v collect_v by_o those_o that_o be_v studious_a from_o the_o writer_n of_o geography_n proposition_n x._o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n become_v less_o salt_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v near_o the_o pole_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o more_o salt_n by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v more_o near_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o torrid_a zone_n although_o this_o may_v be_v understand_v of_o most_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n yet_o the_o proposition_n admit_v of_o some_o exception_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o inequality_n in_o saltness_n be_v sixfold_a place_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o different_a place_n 1._o that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n lift_v up_o more_o vapour_n from_o the_o ocean_n into_o the_o cloud_n than_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n which_o be_v the_o vapour_n of_o freshwater_n because_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o salt_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o gravity_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o lift_v up_o see_v therefore_o that_o from_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n or_o where_o the_o place_n be_v more_o near_o the_o torrid_a zone_n so_o much_o the_o vapour_n be_v separate_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o water_n that_o be_v lest_o be_v find_v more_o salt_n there_o than_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n where_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o freshwater_n separate_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o weak_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n cause_n the_o second_o cause_n 2._o the_o second_o cause_n be_v the_o heat_n or_o cold_a of_o the_o water_n for_o the_o same_o numerical_a water_n or_o salt_n meat_n as_o also_o pickle_a meat_n sauce_n and_o the_o like_a afford_v a_o more_o sensible_a saltness_n to_o the_o taste_n when_o they_o be_v eat_v hot_a than_o when_o cold_a for_o the_o heat_n or_o particle_n of_o the_o fire_n do_v move_v and_o render_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o salt_n contain_v in_o such_o meat_n more_o acute_a and_o separate_v they_o from_o the_o admixture_n whence_o they_o bite_v and_o prick_v the_o tongue_n more_o sharp_o now_o because_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v the_o more_o hot_a by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v nigh_a the_o aequator_fw-la or_o the_o parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o every_o day_n and_o contrariwise_o the_o more_o cold_a by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v more_o near_o the_o pole_n thence_o it_o follow_v that_o water_n though_o they_o shall_v contain_v the_o same_o quantity_n of_o salt_n yet_o they_o must_v seem_v and_o appear_v so_o much_o the_o salt_a to_o the_o taste_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v near_o to_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v more_o near_o the_o pole_n by_o so_o much_o they_o have_v less_o sensible_a salt_n cause_n the_o 3d_o cause_n 3._o the_o three_o cause_n be_v the_o more_o or_o less_o quantity_n of_o salt_n in_o the_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o ocean_n for_o as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o there_o be_v not_o pit_n of_o salt_n in_o they_o all_o neither_o where_o they_o be_v find_v be_v there_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o salt_n must_v be_v hold_v concern_v the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o the_o sea_n wash_v or_o cover_v that_o be_v the_o channel_n or_o the_o shore_n where_o there_o be_v therefore_o most_o quantity_n of_o salt_n or_o mineral_n in_o the_o bottom_n or_o shore_n of_o the_o ocean_n there_o the_o water_n be_v more_o salt_n because_o that_o it_o be_v impregnate_v with_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n so_o the_o isle_n of_o ormus_n consist_v all_o of_o salt_n therefore_o the_o adjacent_a ocean_n have_v very_a salt_n water_n but_o whether_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o salt_n in_o the_o channel_n and_o shore_n of_o the_o ocean_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n or_o more_o saline_a mine_n than_o in_o the_o north_n be_v very_o doubtful_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o want_n of_o observation_n yet_o it_o seem_v probable_a unto_o some_o that_o there_o be_v great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n in_o those_o place_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o which_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o terrestrial_a and_o
salt_n but_o this_o be_v a_o deceitful_a sign_n cause_n the_o four_o cause_n 4._o the_o four_o cause_n of_o the_o unequal_a saltness_n be_v the_o frequency_n or_o scarcity_n of_o rains_n unto_o which_o we_o may_v add_v snow_n and_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n snow_n and_o rain_n be_v frequent_a in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n they_o be_v less_o frequent_a in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o year_n and_o in_o othersome_a they_o be_v almost_o continual_a and_o therefore_o in_o these_o place_n in_o the_o pluvial_a month_n the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o so_o salt_n on_o the_o shore_n and_o have_v less_o salt_n in_o it_o than_o in_o the_o dry_a month_n yea_o in_o many_o region_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o malabar_n the_o ocean_n be_v fresh_a in_o the_o pluvial_a month_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o water_n that_o flow_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n gatis_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n for_o this_o very_a reason_n in_o divers_a season_n of_o the_o year_n the_o same_o ocean_n be_v of_o a_o various_a saltness_n yet_o because_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n the_o rain_n and_o snow_n be_v continual_a throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n therefore_o this_o sea_n be_v less_o salt_n than_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n cause_n the_o 5_o cause_n 5._o the_o five_o cause_n be_v the_o dissimilary_a solution_n or_o unequal_a faculty_n of_o the_o water_n to_o dissolve_v this_o salt_n and_o unite_v it_o to_o its_o self_n for_o hot_a water_n soon_o unit_v salt_n unto_o itself_o then_o cold_a water_n although_o therefore_o in_o the_o northern_a place_n of_o the_o ocean_n the_o shore_n and_o channel_n of_o the_o same_o contain_v more_o or_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o salt_n that_o those_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n do_v yet_o because_o the_o water_n be_v there_o more_o cold_a it_o be_v not_o so_o able_a to_o dissolve_v and_o unite_v the_o salt_n to_o itself_o so_o subtle_o we_o the_o water_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n which_o be_v more_o hot_a cause_n the_o 6_o cause_n 6._o the_o six_o cause_n be_v the_o exoneration_n of_o many_o and_o great_a river_n into_o the_o sea_n but_o this_o cause_n only_o take_v place_n in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n that_o be_v vicine_fw-la to_o the_o shore_n but_o be_v not_o discover_v in_o the_o remote_a part_n so_o mariner_n affirm_v that_o the_o ocean_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o brasilia_n where_o the_o silver-river_n disburthen_v itself_o lose_v it_o saltness_n and_o afford_v fresh_a water_n fifteen_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o shore_n the_o same_o be_v observe_v of_o the_o african_a ocean_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o congi_n where_o the_o river_n zaire_n exonerate_v itself_o and_o of_o many_o more_o river_n unto_o these_o add_v run_v fountain_n in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o ocean_n these_o be_v the_o cause_n which_o seem_v to_o concur_v to_o the_o variety_n and_o diversity_n of_o saltness_n in_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n from_o which_o the_o saltness_n of_o every_o one_o of_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v explain_v from_o whence_o also_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o give_v a_o account_n why_o the_o water_n of_o the_o german_a and_o northern_a ocean_n be_v less_o apt_a to_o separate_v salt_n from_o itself_o by_o coction_n than_o the_o water_n of_o the_o spanish_a ocean_n the_o canary_n isle_n and_o that_o of_o cape_n verd_fw-mi whence_o the_o dutch_a fetch_v salt_n in_o great_a abundance_n and_o transport_v it_o into_o the_o northern_a region_n viz._n this_o ocean_n be_v more_o near_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o receive_v water_n from_o the_o ocean_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o other_o be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o frigid_a zone_n yet_o i_o can_v deny_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o channel_n themselves_o to_o be_v more_o or_o less_o saline_a the_o sea-water_n at_o guinee_n in_o the_o ethiopic_a ocean_n afford_v salt_n at_o one_o coction_n as_o white_a as_o snow_n such_o as_o neither_o the_o spanish_a ocean_n nor_o any_o other_o in_o europe_n do_v produce_v at_o one_o coction_n or_o boil_a proposition_n xi_o why_o rain-water_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v find_v sweet_a but_o the_o water_n which_o we_o separate_v from_o the_o marine_a or_o salt-water_n either_o by_o decoction_n or_o distillation_n be_v yet_o notwithstanding_o find_v salt_n when_o yet_o the_o rain-water_n proceed_v from_o the_o vapour_n exhale_v from_o the_o sea_n salt-water_n freshwater_n abstract_v from_o salt-water_n the_o learned_a chemist_n or_o true_a naturalist_n have_v hitherto_o labour_v in_o vain_a that_o they_o may_v find_v out_o a_o art_n by_o which_o they_o may_v distil_v and_o abstract_n fresh_a water_n from_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ocean_n which_o will_v be_v of_o great_a advantage_n but_o as_o yet_o their_o labour_n have_v prove_v fruitless_a for_o although_o as_o well_o in_o the_o decoction_n as_o distillation_n salt_n may_v be_v leave_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n yet_o the_o water_n 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fresh_a water_n and_o be_v more_o firm_o unite_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o atom_n neither_o be_v this_o volatile_a salt_n find_v only_o with_o fix_a salt_n in_o sea-water_n but_o almost_o in_o all_o body_n as_o chemistry_n prove_v by_o experience_n but_o in_o some_o in_o a_o great_a and_o in_o othersome_a in_o a_o lesser_a quantity_n in_o a_o great_a quantity_n in_o sharp_a taste_v herb_n in_o a_o lesser_a in_o oily_a herb_n therefore_o difficulty_n consist_v in_o the_o separation_n of_o this_o salt_n spirit_n or_o volatile_a salt_n from_o the_o water_n but_o why_o the_o pluvial_a water_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v no_o less_o fresh_a than_o on_o the_o land_n see_v that_o yet_o it_o be_v generate_v by_o abstraction_n of_o the_o exhalation_n of_o the_o ocean_n cause_v by_o the_o fervour_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o from_o some_o subterraneous_a fire_n which_o evaporation_n do_v little_o differ_v from_o distillation_n the_o cause_n seem_v to_o be_v fourfold_o 1._o a_o slow_a operation_n by_o which_o the_o tenuous_a part_n be_v only_o elevate_v from_o the_o ocean_n which_o although_o it_o contain_v a_o saline_a volatile_a spirit_n yet_o it_o have_v it_o in_o less_o quantity_n than_o if_o that_o this_o exhalation_n be_v cause_v by_o a_o more_o forcible_a heat_n 2._o the_o long_a way_n that_o this_o vapour_n pass_v through_o before_o that_o it_o arrive_v unto_o that_o region_n of_o the_o air_n where_o it_o be_v condensated_a into_o rain_n in_o passage_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o the_o saline_a spirit_n be_v by_o degree_n separate_v from_o the_o watery_a particle_n 3._o the_o admixture_n of_o other_o watery_a particle_n exist_v in_o the_o air_n 4._o a_o refrigeration_n coition_n and_o condensation_n of_o the_o vapour_n for_o these_o exhalation_n exhale_v from_o the_o ocean_n by_o degree_n be_v more_o and_o more_o refrigerated_a and_o be_v conjoin_v with_o other_o obvious_a and_o admix_v vapour_n they_o condense_a into_o a_o more_o thick_a vapour_n or_o cloud_n in_o this_o refrigeration_n and_o condensation_n or_o coition_n of_o the_o saline_a spirit_n with_o the_o fiery_a particle_n they_o fly_v into_o the_o more_o exalt_a part_n of_o the_o air._n now_o why_o the_o same_o be_v not_o perform_v in_o distillation_n where_o the_o vapour_n exalt_v be_v also_o condense_v the_o cause_n be_v 1._o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o small_a passage_n the_o saline_a spirit_n be_v as_o yet_o over_o strait_o conjoin_v to_o the_o watery_a particle_n 2._o that_o the_o vapour_n restrain_v in_o the_o vessel_n admit_v not_o a_o free_a passage_n to_o the_o evolant_fw-la spirit_n proposition_n xii_o sea-water_n be_v more_o ponderous_a than_o fresh_a water_n and_o the_o water_n of_o one_o sea_n be_v more_o heavy_a than_o another_o water_n sea_n water_n more_o heavy_a than_o fresh_a water_n the_o cause_n be_v manifest_a from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v
west_n to_o the_o east_n the_o tumour_n of_o the_o water_n 412_o and_o also_o of_o the_o air_n 856_o which_o now_o incumb_n over_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n e_o by_o degree_n do_v move_v unto_o other_o part_n more_o occidental_a so_o that_o after_o six_o hour_n they_o incumb_fw-la over_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n h_n and_o after_o twelve_o hour_n over_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n g._n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o water_n and_o the_o air_n be_v carry_v from_o the_o oriental_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n unto_o the_o occidental_a part_n of_o the_o same_o by_o a_o continual_a flux_n thus_o cartesius_n the_o stress_n of_o the_o demonstration_n be_v in_o this_o because_o the_o earth_n e_o f_o g_o h_n with_o the_o water_n 1234_o be_v move_v round_o and_o also_o the_o celestial_a matter_n of_o the_o vortex_n between_o b_o a_o d_o c_o and_o 6587._o the_o moon_n be_v in_o b_o make_v the_o space_n b_o 6_o with_o a_o certain_a pressure_n pass_v through_o the_o air_n and_o water_n whilst_o that_o it_o pass_v through_o b_o be_v express_v towards_o i_o h_z g_z and_o whilst_o that_o â—_o pass_v through_o b_o be_v express_v towards_o h_n g_o f_o and_o so_o forward_o neither_o do_v the_o part_n of_o the_o celestial_a matter_n at_o the_o moon_n have_v allapse_v in_o b_o d_o mount_v upward_o because_o it_o be_v repel_v and_o that_o all_o be_v full_a of_o body_n and_o although_o it_o press_v the_o air_n and_o water_n 62_o f_o not_o only_o towards_o the_o west_n e_z 15_o but_o also_o towards_o the_o east_n 73_o g._n yet_o because_o the_o part_n situate_v from_o 62_o f_o towards_o 73_o g_z do_v more_o and_o more_o recede_v from_o these_o strait_n but_o the_o part_n towards_o e_o 15_o do_v more_o and_o more_o draw_v near_o therefore_o by_o these_o chief_o be_v that_o force_n receive_v but_o in_o this_o explication_n of_o this_o ingenious_a person_n these_o thing_n be_v require_v or_o want_v 1._o from_o that_o it_o shall_v follow_v that_o the_o sea_n shall_v cease_v to_o swell_v when_o that_o the_o moon_n approach_v unto_o it_o and_o that_o it_o shall_v swell_v in_o the_o part_n which_o be_v a_o quadrant_a or_o six_o hour_n absent_a from_o the_o moon_n viz._n the_o tumour_n be_v in_o e_z 15_o but_o in_o f_o 26_o where_o the_o moon_n be_v vertical_a the_o altitude_n be_v least_o but_o this_o be_v repugnant_a to_o experience_n for_o in_o f_o 26_o the_o sea_n swell_v but_o in_o e_z 15_o the_o tumour_n be_v very_o little_a how_o this_o absurdity_n may_v be_v avoid_v we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n 2._o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_o show_v cartesius_n have_v omit_v this_o why_o whilst_o the_o celestial_a matter_n in_o the_o narrow_a space_n b_o 6_o press_v the_o air_n c_o and_o the_o water_n 2_o it_o be_v not_o equal_o move_v towards_o g_z 37_o from_o both_o the_o water_n and_o the_o air_n and_o the_o celestial_a matter_n be_v carry_v with_o the_o earth_n towards_o g_z 37_o and_o therefore_o the_o water_n and_o the_o air_n be_v rather_o carry_v towards_o the_o east_n than_o the_o west_n and_o it_o be_v a_o doubt_n whether_o it_o can_v be_v avoid_v by_o the_o only_a subduction_n of_o the_o part_n from_o 6_o d_o b_o towards_z g_z 37._o 3._o the_o moon_n draw_v near_o to_o any_o sea_n a_o more_o vehement_a wind_n be_v find_v in_o that_o part_n towards_o the_o west_n from_o the_o east_n than_o another_o time_n but_o this_o happen_v not_o 4._o it_o be_v more_o manifest_a that_o the_o sun_n make_v that_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n from_o east_n to_o west_n or_o that_o a_o general_a wind_n do_v it_o for_o we_o find_v that_o in_o the_o morning_n before_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o also_o with_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o many_o place_n for_o than_o it_o be_v distant_a a_o quadrant_a from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o the_o place_n these_o thing_n deserve_v consideration_n in_o the_o cartesian_a explication_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o hypothesis_n itself_o but_o whether_o this_o 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render_v more_o angust_n for_o the_o transition_n of_o the_o celestial_a matter_n and_o therefore_o the_o pressure_n be_v the_o great_a and_o although_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v at_o full_a that_o intumescency_n may_v be_v refer_v unto_o the_o great_a light_n of_o the_o moon_n yet_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o new_a this_o cause_n cease_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o moon_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o motion_n but_o rather_o that_o pressure_n of_o cartesius_n as_o we_o shall_v observe_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n proposition_n x._o the_o second_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o which_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o space_n of_o twelve_o hour_n and_o about_o half_a a_o hour_n flaw_v unto_o most_o coast_n and_o flow_v back_o again_o it_o flow_v when_o that_o the_o moon_n approach_v unto_o the_o supreme_a or_o low_a meridian_n and_o reflow_v when_o the_o moon_n recede_v from_o the_o meridian_n towards_o the_o west_n and_o towards_o the_o east_n motion_n the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o second_o general_a motion_n where_o we_o must_v first_o discover_v whether_o the_o ocean_n by_o this_o motion_n be_v move_v unto_o one_o certain_a quarter_n viz._n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n or_o from_o west_n to_o east_n for_o the_o shore_n of_o gulf_n and_o channel_n of_o river_n in_o which_o this_o flux_n and_o reflux_n be_v more_o manifest_o find_v than_o in_o the_o vast_a ocean_n be_v extend_v nigh_o unto_o or_o according_a unto_o divers_a quarter_n some_o towards_o the_o east_n from_o the_o west_n as_o the_o mediterranean_a some_o from_o the_o south_n towards_o the_o north_n as_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n and_o in_o every_o one_o of_o these_o gulf_n and_o shore_n the_o water_n flow_v towards_o the_o quarter_n of_o extension_n therefore_o in_o divers_a gulf_n and_o shore_n this_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o ocean_n tend_v into_o divers_a quarter_n therefore_o our_o first_o inquiry_n must_v be_v whether_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o ocean_n observe_v any_o certain_a quarter_n and_o whether_o it_o be_v move_v elsewhere_o unto_o other_o quarter_n or_o whether_o it_o observe_v two_o quarter_n viz._n the_o occidental_a quarter_n in_o the_o flux_n and_o the_o oriental_a in_o the_o reflux_n or_o whether_o one_o and_o the_o same_o quarter_n both_o in_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v viz._n the_o occidental_a unto_o this_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o last_o be_v true_a viz._n that_o the_o whole_a ocean_n in_o the_o flux_n be_v move_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n but_o in_o the_o reflux_n it_o be_v move_v indeed_o by_o a_o general_a motion_n again_o from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n but_o yet_o in_o the_o flux_n more_o quantity_n of_o water_n flow_v unto_o a_o certain_a part_n but_o in_o the_o reflux_n or_o to_o speak_v more_o proper_o the_o deflux_n it_o be_v not_o move_v into_o a_o contrary_a quarter_n but_o unto_o the_o same_o occidental_a quarter_n but_o yet_o a_o lesser_a quantity_n of_o water_n do_v flow_v in_o so_o then_o we_o must_v determine_v that_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o a_o distinct_a motion_n from_o the_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o same_o which_o we_o have_v explain_v in_o the_o former_a proposition_n by_o which_o the_o ocean_n continual_o move_v from_o east_n to_o west_n but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a mode_n or_o affection_n of_o this_o general_a motion_n and_o therefore_o if_o that_o this_o motion_n be_v consider_v in_o the_o whole_a or_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o free_a ocean_n it_o be_v not_o so_o proper_o term_v a_o flux_n or_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o rather_o a_o
the_o point_n d_o and_o so_o consequent_o or_o rather_o because_o that_o the_o moon_n in_o the_o mean_a space_n do_v somewhat_o proceed_v forward_o from_o b_o towards_z c_z as_o running_z in_o a_o month_n space_n through_o the_o circle_n a_o b_o c_o d_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v now_o in_o f_o on_o the_o opposite_a region_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n after_o six_o hour_n and_o twelve_o minute_n either_o more_o or_o less_o shall_v be_v beyond_o the_o point_n g_o in_o that_o diameter_n of_o the_o vortex_n a_fw-it b_o c_o d_o which_o intersect_v that_o diameter_n of_o the_o same_o vortex_n in_o which_o the_o moon_n shall_v then_o be_v at_o right_a angle_n and_o then_o shall_v the_o water_n be_v there_o most_o high_a and_o after_o six_o hour_n with_o twelve_o minute_n it_o shall_v be_v beyond_o the_o point_n h._n in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o water_n shall_v be_v very_o low_a etc._n etc._n whence_o it_o be_v clear_o discover_v that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o every_o twelve_o hour_n and_o twenty_o four_o minute_n shall_v flow_v and_o re-flow_a in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o place_n this_o be_v the_o demonstration_n of_o cartesius_n in_o which_o that_o be_v especial_o ingenious_a that_o it_o apt_o show_v not_o only_a how_o the_o flux_n or_o intumescency_n be_v make_v at_o the_o place_n when_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v move_v at_o its_o vertex_fw-la or_o meridian_n but_o also_o when_o that_o the_o moon_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n be_v move_v to_o the_o meridian_n of_o midnight_n we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o nine_o proposition_n what_o any_o one_o may_v seem_v to_o require_v in_o this_o demonstration_n especial_o that_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v admire_v at_o that_o cartesius_n shall_v not_o so_o much_o as_o think_v that_o according_a unto_o this_o demonstration_n that_o the_o least_o altitude_n of_o water_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o detumescency_n aught_o to_o be_v when_o that_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n as_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o b_o the_o least_o altitude_n of_o water_n be_v in_o 2_o and_o 4_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o water_n increase_v with_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o moon_n or_o earth_n so_o that_o when_o f_o shall_v be_v in_o g._n that_o be_v six_o hour_n from_o the_o moon_n it_o shall_v have_v the_o great_a altitude_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v contrary_a to_o all_o experience_n for_o with_o the_o access_n of_o the_o moon_n to_o the_o meridian_n the_o water_n increase_v and_o with_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o same_o decrease_v but_o the_o word_n of_o cartesius_n as_o well_o as_o the_o diagramma_fw-la assert_v the_o contrary_n but_o i_o suppose_v this_o absurdity_n may_v be_v remove_v from_o the_o demonstration_n and_o that_o by_o this_o mode_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v approve_v of_o by_o cartesius_n for_o let_v we_o place_v the_o vortex_n of_o the_o earth_n a_o b_o c_o d_o to_n be_v without_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o water_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o to_o be_v equal_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n t_o without_o any_o tumour_n but_o yet_o to_o be_v move_v round_o with_o the_o earth_n and_o celestial_a matter_n between_o a_o b_o c_o d_o and_z 5_o 6_o 7_o 8._o now_o let_v the_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n draw_v near_o unto_o this_o vortex_n for_o example_n into_o b_o and_o therefore_o the_o space_n t_o b_o become_v more_o narrow_a and_o the_o celestial_a matter_n whilst_o that_o it_o endeavour_v to_o pass_v through_o it_o press_v the_o water_n in_o 2_o towards_o e._n therefore_o whilst_o that_o the_o water_n be_v expel_v from_o 2_o towards_o e_o it_o be_v demand_v where_o the_o great_a tumour_n of_o water_n will_v be_v whether_o in_o the_o place_n e_o which_o be_v a_o quarter_n distant_a from_o the_o place_n f_o unto_o which_o the_o moon_n be_v vertical_a or_o whether_o in_o a_o place_n nigh_o unto_o f_o towards_o e_z if_o that_o you_o assert_v the_o first_o viz._n that_o the_o tumour_n ought_v to_o be_v in_o e_o experience_n do_v then_o gainsay_v but_o that_o the_o second_o be_v true_o so_o experience_n confirm_v and_o reason_n do_v induce_v to_o believe_v viz._n whilst_o that_o the_o moon_n consist_v above_o the_o place_n e_o the_o water_n be_v expel_v from_o 2_o towards_o i_o but_o the_o great_a tumour_n will_v be_v in_o the_o place_n near_o to_o 2_o not_o in_o i._o for_o this_o be_v manifest_a by_o experience_n because_o the_o occidental_a place_n do_v late_a discover_v the_o intumescency_n but_o reason_n and_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n do_v altogether_o require_v the_o same_o law_n for_o if_o the_o water_n be_v pour_v forth_o into_o 2_o that_o it_o may_v flow_v towards_o e_o the_o great_a quantity_n will_v be_v in_o the_o place_n e_o a_o little_a less_o in_o the_o place_n near_o to_o that_o and_o yet_o far_o less_o in_o the_o place_n nigh_o to_o that_o and_o least_o of_o all_o in_o e._n so_o also_o when_o that_o water_n be_v drive_v from_o 2_o towards_o e_o its_o great_a quantity_n and_o accumulation_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o place_n near_o to_o 2_o and_o so_o much_o the_o lesser_a by_o how_o much_o the_o place_n be_v more_o remote_a from_o 2_o but_o because_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v round_o that_o e_o may_v come_v unto_o f_o then_o at_o length_n shall_v the_o great_a tumour_n be_v in_o e_o and_o the_o water_n shall_v be_v force_v towards_o h._n therefore_o the_o diagram_n of_o cartesius_n with_o the_o demonstration_n itself_o aught_o to_o be_v change_v that_o the_o tumour_n may_v be_v in_o the_o place_n near_o unto_o the_o very_a 2_o that_o be_v to_o that_o unto_o which_o the_o moon_n be_v vertical_a what_o else_o may_v be_v here_o say_v we_o shall_v handle_v in_o our_o treatise_n of_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o cartesian_a philosophy_n proposition_n xii_o in_o full_a and_o new_a moon_n the_o general_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n be_v more_o violent_a also_o the_o intumescency_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v find_v great_a in_o most_o part_n but_o in_o the_o quarter_n the_o motion_n be_v find_v the_o least_o of_o all_o and_o so_o also_o in_o the_o intumescency_n violent_a in_o full_a and_o new_a moon_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o east_n to_o west_n most_o violent_a experience_v sufficient_o prove_v this_o proposition_n for_o mariner_n testify_v that_o the_o sea_n do_v foam_n and_o swell_v in_o new_a and_o full_a moon_n and_o in_o the_o quarter_n be_v calm_a now_o it_o be_v easy_o demonstrate_v according_a to_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o precede_a proposition_n for_o the_o moon_n when_o it_o be_v either_o full_a or_o new_a be_v more_o near_o the_o earth_n than_o at_o any_o other_o time_n and_o in_o the_o quarter_n more_o remote_a as_o astronomer_n do_v demonstrate_v now_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v more_o near_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v when_o that_o the_o space_n b_o t_n be_v less_o the_o celestial_a matter_n be_v hinder_v more_o vehement_o press_v the_o water_n from_o 2_o to_o 1_o because_o it_o be_v more_o near_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o quarter_n yet_o the_o motion_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v more_o violent_a in_o the_o full_a moon_n than_o in_o the_o new_a at_o least_o in_o some_o place_n which_o except_o you_o will_v ascribe_v to_o the_o light_n of_o the_o moon_n i_o see_v no_o other_o cause_n neither_o can_v we_o otherwise_o show_v why_o in_o the_o full_a moon_n both_o tree_n and_o animal_n have_v great_a humour_n than_o in_o the_o new_a see_v that_o the_o sea_n be_v equal_o augment_v in_o the_o new_a moon_n yet_o that_o be_v marvellous_a that_o one_o twistius_n a_o dutchman_n relate_v in_o his_o description_n of_o india_n concern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o gazaratt_n where_o for_o many_o year_n he_o dwell_v that_o cockle_n crab_n and_o other_o shelly_a fish_n be_v less_o fleshy_a and_o juicy_a in_o the_o full_a moon_n than_o in_o the_o new_a which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o region_n neither_o be_v it_o less_o admirable_a that_o on_o the_o shore_n near_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n indus_n in_o the_o same_o kingdom_n that_o the_o sea_n be_v augment_v and_o swell_v in_o the_o new_a moon_n and_o not_o far_o from_o thence_o in_o the_o sea_n of_o calicut_n the_o increase_n be_v in_o the_o full_a moon_n proposition_n xiii_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o vernal_a and_o autumnal_a equinox_n or_o in_o the_o spring_n and_o autumn_n the_o intumescency_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v great_a than_o in_o the_o other_o season_n of_o the_o year_n but_o least_o in_o the_o solstice_n great_a in_o spring_n and_o autumn_n the_o intumescency_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v great_a cartesius_n indeed_o pretend_v to_o show_v a_o demonstration_n of_o this_o propriety_n from_o his_o hypothesis_n but_o i_o can_v
which_o the_o moon_n will_v be_v vertical_a that_o day_n viz._n one_o after_o another_o 19_o see_v proposition_n 13._o in_o chap._n 19_o the_o use_n of_o this_o problem_n be_v great_a yea_o very_a necessary_a in_o the_o doctrine_n concern_v the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o mode_n of_o perform_v of_o the_o same_o you_o shall_v find_v in_o the_o nineteenth_o chapter_n and_o the_o thirteen_o proposition_n for_o there_o it_o be_v more_o convenient_o explain_v yet_o the_o explication_n of_o that_o proposition_n may_v be_v anticipate_v and_o demonstrate_v to_o the_o studious_a in_o this_o chapter_n proposition_n xvi_o in_o those_o place_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o which_o the_o moon_n be_v vertical_a the_o flux_n and_o deflux_n be_v great_a except_o that_o there_o be_v other_o impediment_n which_o we_o have_v reckon_v up_o in_o the_o fourteen_o proposition_n and_o by_o how_o much_o the_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o place_n by_o so_o much_o the_o flux_n and_o deflux_n be_v lesser_a other_o thing_n be_v equal_a for_o because_o in_o that_o place_n the_o pressure_n be_v great_a and_o the_o tumour_n of_o the_o water_n great_a which_o be_v more_o vicine_fw-la to_o the_o moon_n press_v and_o the_o celestial_a matter_n thence_o follow_v that_o that_o the_o proposition_n intimate_v the_o objection_n concern_v some_o other_o place_n in_o the_o comparison_n of_o which_o the_o contrary_a be_v find_v be_v to_o be_v excuse_v by_o the_o admixtion_n of_o other_o cause_n proposition_n xvii_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n be_v unconstant_a in_o every_o place_n and_o divers_a on_o several_a day_n and_o by_o so_o much_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a by_o how_o much_o the_o moon_n be_v more_o remote_a or_o near_o unto_o that_o place_n ecliptic_a the_o moon_n every_o day_n change_v her_o place_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a for_o the_o moon_n every_o day_n change_v her_o place_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o so_o on_o other_o day_n be_v vertical_a to_o other_o place_n and_o by_o consequence_n be_v more_o remote_a from_o any_o place_n or_o more_o near_o which_o be_v observe_v we_o conclude_v from_o the_o precede_a proposition_n that_o there_o be_v a_o divers_a quantity_n of_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o place_n on_o divers_a day_n whether_o that_o the_o diversity_n be_v sensible_a or_o insensible_a proposition_n xviii_o the_o great_a intumescency_n of_o water_n in_o any_o place_n and_o term_v of_o the_o flux_n aught_o to_o be_v when_o that_o the_o moon_n do_v occupy_v the_o meridian_n of_o the_o place_n but_o in_o many_o place_n it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o another_o situation_n of_o the_o moon_n for_o than_o be_v the_o moon_n most_o nigh_o to_o any_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n when_o that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o meridian_n of_o that_o place_n because_o that_o the_o hypotenusa_fw-la of_o a_o right_a angle_a triangle_n be_v low_a than_o the_o cathetus_n whence_o it_o be_v infer_v by_o the_o xvi_o proposition_n that_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o meridian_n 16._o see_v proposition_n 16._o there_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o great_a intumescency_n and_o altitude_n of_o water_n and_o immediate_o a_o decrease_n to_o succeed_v but_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o low_a of_o the_o meridian_n than_o the_o narrow_a of_o the_o vortex_n of_o the_o earth_n opposite_a to_o it_o in_o the_o upper_a meridian_n and_o therefore_o do_v effect_v the_o same_o as_o if_o that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v present_a but_o here_o arise_v a_o great_a difficulty_n for_o there_o be_v many_o place_n and_o coast_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o we_o find_v that_o the_o term_n of_o the_o flux_n be_v not_o when_o that_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n as_o the_o philosopher_n hold_v before_o this_o age_n but_o soon_o or_o late_a viz._n when_o that_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o a_o certain_a quarter_n not_o cardinal_n and_o this_o quarter_n be_v not_o constant_o observe_v but_o in_o new_a and_o full_a moon_n for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o great_a intumescency_n be_v and_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o detumescency_n before_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o this_o quarter_n or_o vertical_a circle_n so_o at_o london_n the_o water_n be_v at_o the_o high_a when_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o quarter_n which_o be_v between_o the_o south_n and_o west_n or_o north_n and_o east_n that_o be_v to_o the_o south_n west_n or_o north_n east_n quarter_n at_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n in_o the_o port_n of_o the_o city_n maccau_n portugal_n the_o great_a flux_n at_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n observe_v by_o a_o portugal_n a_o certain_a portugal_n mariner_n observe_v the_o time_n of_o the_o great_a intumescency_n by_o this_o mode_n the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v 22_o degree_n 20_o minute_n in_o the_o year_n 1584._o on_o the_o 19_o of_o september_n the_o moon_n be_v at_o full_a than_o the_o intumescency_n or_o altitude_n of_o the_o high_a water_n be_v observe_v in_o the_o morning_n at_o ½_n or_o ¼_n of_o a_o hour_n past_o 8._o therefore_o then_o the_o moon_n be_v remove_v from_o the_o meridian_n 3_o ¼_n hour_n whence_o the_o quarter_n or_o vertical_a circle_n in_o which_o the_o moon_n at_o that_o moment_n of_o time_n be_v be_v find_v according_a to_o the_o problem_n of_o the_o 30_o chapter_n anno_fw-la 1585._o on_o the_o 16_o of_o february_n in_o the_o full_a moon_n the_o great_a height_n of_o water_n be_v observe_v at_o half_a a_o hour_n past_o a_o eleven_o a_o clock_n at_o noon_n place_n certain_a observation_n take_v by_o a_o dutch_a mariner_n of_o the_o flux_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o many_o place_n a_o certain_a dutch_a mariner_n on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o new_a and_o full_a moon_n note_v the_o hour_n of_o divers_a place_n for_o the_o term_n or_o intumescency_n of_o the_o flux_n from_o which_o i_o have_v extract_v these_o at_o the_o twelve_o hour_n on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o new_a and_o full_a moon_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o flanders_n at_o enchusen_n in_o holland_n at_o horn_n at_o embden_n in_o east_n freezland_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o elve_n at_o eider_n at_o the_o isle_n of_o jutland_n and_o at_o dover_n at_o england_n at_o 45_o minute_n past_o 12_o at_o flushing_n in_o zealand_n half_o a_o hour_n after_o one_o a_o clock_n at_o the_o occidental_a coast_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n at_o calis_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n at_o the_o shore_n of_o zealand_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o scald_v in_o mosa_n and_o at_o gore_v a_o quarter_n after_o two_o before_o the_o mouth_n of_o scald_v and_o the_o mouth_n of_o mosa_n at_o three_o a_o clock_n at_o amsterdam_n rotterdam_n dort_n in_o holland_n at_o newcastle_n in_o england_n at_o arment_n in_o flanders_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n of_o bordeaux_n in_o the_o south_n coast_n of_o britain_n gallocia_n gascoyn_n biscay_n portugal_n and_o spain_n and_o on_o the_o western_a coast_n of_o ireland_n even_o to_o hitland_n a_o quarter_n after_o four_o in_o the_o evening_n at_o rouen_n in_o france_n between_o mosa_n and_o rochel_n in_o the_o river_n of_o bordeaux_n in_o the_o bay_n of_o the_o spanish_a portugal_n and_o gallecian_a coast_n in_o the_o south_n coast_n of_o britain_n in_o france_n gascoyn_n and_o on_o the_o western_a coast_n of_o ireland_n half_n a_o hour_n past_o four_o from_o the_o texel_n at_o the_o south_n coast_n of_o ireland_n a_o quarter_n past_o five_o in_o all_o the_o port_n of_o the_o southern_a coast_n of_o ireland_n at_o plymouth_n in_o england_n and_o other_o southern_a place_n of_o it_o even_o to_o the_o coast_n of_o wales_n at_o six_o in_o the_o evening_n and_o morning_n before_o hamburgh_n in_o the_o elbe_n before_o bremen_n the_o texel_n antwerp_n in_o the_o channel_n between_o england_n and_o brabant_n without_o sorlis_n a_o quarter_n before_o seven_o in_o the_o evening_n between_o fawick_n and_o vaelmuya_n in_o the_o channel_n even_o to_o bristol_n before_o st._n nicholas_n and_o podessembe_n even_o to_o waymouth_n and_o hartepole_n at_o half_a a_o hour_n past_o seven_o in_o the_o haven_n at_o the_o texel_n at_o kilduyna_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o channel_n nigh_o plymouth_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n even_o to_o the_o promontory_n of_o the_o lizard_n a_o quarter_n past_o eight_o in_o the_o evening_n nigh_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n in_o the_o channel_n even_o to_o bevesier_n without_o the_o fly_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o holland_n at_o nine_o before_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n ems_n in_o freezland_n before_o the_o fly_n before_o the_o coast_n of_o freezland_n at_o the_o eastern_a coast_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n at_o half_a a_o hour_n past_o ten_o before_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n thames_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o normandy_n and_o picardy_n and_o at_o a_o quarter_n
past_o eleven_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o river_n thames_n and_o other_o place_n of_o england_n difference_n a_o difficult_a task_n to_o explicate_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o difference_n now_o it_o be_v a_o most_o difficult_a task_n to_o explicate_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o so_o notable_a a_o difference_n and_o that_o in_o all_o place_n although_o it_o be_v incumbent_a on_o the_o philosopher_n or_o geographer_n yet_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o various_a wind_n of_o the_o shore_n the_o situation_n of_o the_o coast_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o obstacle_n of_o island_n the_o mutual_a meeting_n of_o the_o water_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n from_o the_o lunary_n way_n various_a way_n especial_o those_o that_o be_v constant_a and_o general_a the_o decline_a of_o the_o shore_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v very_o much_o conduce_v to_o this_o propriety_n of_o the_o flux_n for_o example_n at_o the_o port_n of_o london_n in_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n the_o water_n increase_v until_o the_o moon_n come_v unto_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o south-west_n viz._n when_o it_o decline_v from_o the_o ecliptic_a towards_o the_o south_n for_o then_o water_n begin_v to_o flow_v back_o again_o but_o not_o when_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n therefore_o we_o say_v that_o whilst_o the_o moon_n move_v to_o the_o meridian_n of_o london_n towards_o brazile_n or_o from_o brazile_n towards_o london_n the_o sea_n do_v not_o recede_v from_o london_n but_o be_v yet_o augment_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n unto_o which_o the_o ocean_n be_v move_v by_o the_o moon_n do_v repel_v that_o water_n towards_o england_n and_o this_o happen_v therefore_o because_o it_o afford_v not_o a_o passage_n for_o the_o water_n but_o why_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v decline_v from_o the_o ecliptic_a towards_o the_o north_n be_v the_o great_a altitude_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o decrease_v observe_v before_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n viz._n in_o the_o north-east_n i_o answer_v that_o this_o come_v to_o pass_v because_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v then_o far_o more_o near_o to_o england_n than_o when_o it_o decline_v from_o the_o ecliptic_a towards_o the_o south_n and_o therefore_o then_o it_o more_o swift_o fill_v but_o the_o cause_n why_o then_o the_o flux_n be_v no_o long_o protract_v even_o until_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o the_o meridian_n may_v be_v by_o reason_n that_o the_o moon_n force_v the_o sea_n more_o near_o the_o sea_n of_o mexico_n and_o hudsons_n strait_n where_o there_o be_v find_v a_o great_a intumescency_n and_o detumescency_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n we_o therefore_o say_v that_o the_o intumescency_n do_v anticipate_v the_o appulse_n of_o the_o moon_n at_o the_o meridian_n by_o reason_n that_o a_o continnual_a east_n wind_n drive_v that_o sea_n towards_o the_o west_n but_o these_o allegation_n i_o leave_v to_o be_v far_o examine_v by_o the_o searcher_n of_o nature_n but_o for_o the_o find_v out_o of_o the_o true_a cause_n it_o be_v altogether_o necessary_a that_o we_o acquire_v accurate_a observation_n how_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v make_v in_o divers_a place_n viz._n in_o what_o vertical_a the_o moon_n be_v in_o that_o flux_n how_o the_o quarter_n be_v vary_v in_o a_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o moon_n as_o in_o the_o full_a and_o new_a especial_o in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o moon_n become_v vertical_a also_o in_o those_o which_o direct_o respect_v the_o east_n west_n and_o north._n also_o that_o must_v be_v diligent_o observe_v how_o the_o flux_n be_v here_o make_v in_o those_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n whilst_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o her_o circle_n have_v not_o the_o sea_n place_v vertical_o under_o she_o but_o land_n in_o a_o long_a tract_n viz._n from_o cambaja_n and_o china_n even_o to_o the_o occidental_a coast_n of_o africa_n for_o because_o then_o that_o it_o do_v not_o direct_o press_v the_o water_n it_o be_v depend_v over_o the_o mediterranean_a place_n i_o thence_o suppose_v that_o some_o variety_n must_v happen_v to_o this_o motion_n also_o what_o then_o it_o do_v whilst_o the_o moon_n rule_v in_o the_o south_n hemisphere_n pass_v over_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n of_o brazile_n or_o southern_a america_n without_o these_o observation_n we_o shall_v hardly_o arrive_v at_o the_o true_a cause_n neither_o shall_v we_o neglect_v this_o argument_n proposition_n xix_o the_o sea_n flow_v to_o most_o coast_n in_o six_o hour_n and_o twelve_o minute_n and_o reflow_v also_o in_o so_o many_o hour_n less_o the_o sea_n in_o few_o place_n flow_v in_o more_o hour_n and_o reflow_v in_o less_o in_o very_o few_o place_n it_o flow_v in_o more_o hour_n and_o reflow_v in_o less_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a in_o very_a few_o place_n it_o flow_v in_o few_o hour_n and_o reflow_v in_o more_o yet_o so_o that_o the_o time_n of_o the_o flux_n and_o deflux_n viz._n between_o the_o two_o great_a intumescency_n together_o make_v twelve_o hour_n with_o 24_o ⅛_n minute_n and_o two_o such_o time_n make_v 24_o hour_n with_o about_o 50_o minute_n 48_o ¾_n and_o therefore_o on_o every_o day_n the_o great_a intumescency_n fall_v out_o late_a almost_o by_o a_o hour_n because_o that_o the_o moon_n almost_o a_o entire_a hour_n return_v more_o slow_o to_o the_o same_o meridian_n every_o day_n we_o have_v sufficient_o explain_v the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o proposition_n in_o the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o eleven_o proposition_n although_o in_o this_o demonstration_n we_o have_v take_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o moon_n possess_v the_o meridian_n but_o in_o this_o proposition_n by_o reason_n that_o in_o the_o proceed_n we_o have_v show_v that_o in_o many_o place_n that_o altitude_n do_v happen_v the_o moon_n be_v constitute_v without_o the_o meridian_n we_o do_v not_o reckon_v in_o they_o the_o hour_n from_o the_o time_n in_o which_o the_o moon_n possess_v the_o meridian_n but_o for_o that_o time_n in_o which_o the_o moon_n occupi_v that_o vertical_a place_n in_o the_o which_o when_o that_o the_o moon_n be_v it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o great_a intumescency_n be_v yet_o in_o these_o place_n the_o period_n of_o the_o increment_n ot_fw-mi decrement_n do_v not_o exact_o observe_v these_o twelve_o hour_n witih_o twenty_o four_o minute_n or_o twenty_o four_o hour_n with_o fifty_o minute_n because_o that_o the_o moon_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o various_a and_o mutable_a distance_n from_o the_o vertex_fw-la either_o in_o more_o or_o few_o hour_n return_v to_o the_o same_o vertical_a which_o difference_n notwithstanding_o be_v not_o great_a although_o therefore_o in_o all_o place_n the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n be_v complete_v almost_o in_o twelve_o hour_n and_o twenty_o four_o minute_n when_o that_o there_o be_v no_o tempest_n also_o in_o most_o this_o time_n be_v equal_o divide_v between_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n so_o that_o in_o six_o hour_n it_o flow_v and_o in_o so_o many_o reflow_v yet_o in_o some_o place_n the_o time_n of_o the_o flux_n be_v unequal_a to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deflux_n viz._n more_o or_o less_o france_n the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o ocean_n at_o the_o river_n garumna_n in_o france_n the_o ocean_n enter_v garumna_n a_o river_n in_o france_n in_o seven_o hour_n and_o reslow_v in_o five_o so_o at_o the_o port_n of_o maccoa_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o china_n the_o flux_n be_v in_o nine_o hour_n and_o reflow_v in_o three_o yea_o in_o less_o if_o that_o the_o eastern_a wind_n blow_v on_o the_o contrary_a at_o the_o coast_n of_o zenega_n a_o river_n of_o aethiopia_n the_o sea_n flow_v in_o four_o hour_n and_o reflow_v in_o eight_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o difference_n be_v difficult_a some_o refer_v they_o to_o the_o swift_a and_o valid_a efflux_n of_o the_o river_n or_o also_o to_o a_o simple_a efflux_n for_o therefore_o the_o shoar_n of_o garumna_n discover_v the_o flux_n in_o seven_o hour_n because_o that_o its_o strong_a motion_n retard_v the_o flux_n but_o yet_o assi_v the_o deflux_n therefore_o the_o sea_n reflow_v in_o five_o hour_n other_o have_v add_v those_o hour_n to_o the_o flux_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o sea_n reflowing_a from_o the_o more_o northern_a place_n hinder_v least_o the_o sea_n shall_v hinder_v the_o egress_n from_o garumna_n but_o rather_o be_v more_o force_v on_o it_o but_o i_o suppose_v therefore_o to_o be_v by_o reason_n that_o garumna_n pour_v forth_o itself_o by_o a_o strong_a motion_n from_o its_o inlet_n or_o mouth_n into_o the_o ocean_n for_o some_o distance_n this_o efflux_n be_v prohibit_v on_o some_o part_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o the_o water_n of_o garumna_n be_v at_o a_o stand_v also_o for_o some_o space_n before_o that_o the_o sea_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o moon_n enter_v its_o
rain_n and_o cavity_n and_o depression_n of_o the_o place_n in_o which_o such_o stand_a pool_n be_v for_o if_o that_o any_o place_n be_v situate_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o elevate_a place_n all_o the_o rain-water_n rune_v unto_o it_o and_o so_o cause_v a_o pool_n pool_n in_o india_n be_v many_o pool_n so_o in_o india_n there_o be_v many_o pool_n or_o standing-water_n make_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o some_o be_v in_o compass_n a_o mile_n and_o some_o two_o encompass_v with_o a_o stone-wall_n which_o be_v fill_v in_o the_o pluvial_a month_n that_o in_o the_o summer_n month_n they_o may_v furnish_v those_o with_o water_n who_o live_v far_o from_o river_n or_o fountain_n after_o the_o like_a mode_n small_a lake_n and_o pool_n be_v make_v by_o the_o exundation_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o rivers_n so_o the_o river_n nilus_n and_o niger_n exundate_v when_o that_o they_o have_v reflow_v leave_v many_o pool_n behind_o they_o which_o either_o the_o native_n fortify_v or_o make_v that_o thence_o they_o may_v draw_v water_n on_o the_o other_o month_n of_o the_o year_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n in_o moscovia_n finland_n lapland_n in_o the_o spring_n summer_n and_o autumn_n be_v many_o lake_n partly_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o shore_n and_o partly_o because_o of_o the_o dissolve_v of_o the_o snow_n and_o ice_n but_o although_o some_o lake_n be_v dry_v up_o in_o the_o summer_n and_o after_o a_o long_a cessation_n of_o rains_n we_o may_v not_o thence_o firm_o conclude_v that_o they_o have_v all_o their_o water_n from_o those_o rain_n for_o they_o may_v be_v dry_v up_o as_o for_o other_o lake_n without_o river_n that_o be_v not_o dry_v up_o their_o generation_n may_v be_v also_o refer_v to_o the_o rain_n viz._n if_o that_o they_o have_v a_o profound_a channel_n in_o which_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o water_n collect_v from_o rains_n may_v be_v keep_v as_o that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v not_o of_o force_n enough_o to_o consume_v it_o all_o before_o that_o another_o rain_n fall_v but_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o these_o lake_n have_v peculiar_a rivulet_n in_o the_o bottom_n from_o which_o they_o receive_v so_o much_o water_n as_o be_v consume_v by_o the_o exhalation_n and_o this_o cause_n alone_o take_v place_n in_o those_o pool_n that_o be_v find_v on_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n as_o in_o the_o mountain_n bructerus_n in_o cenisius_n and_o other_o now_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o some_o of_o these_o also_o be_v generate_v long_o since_o by_o a_o great_a inundation_n of_o water_n and_o thence_o conserve_v by_o river_n nay_o without_o question_n some_o of_o these_o lake_n that_o be_v near_o the_o sea_n and_o also_o salt_n have_v their_o be_v from_o some_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n through_o some_o passage_n as_o the_o lake_n harlem_n and_o other_o in_o holland_n there_o be_v also_o many_o salt_n lake_n in_o peru._n large_a not_o many_o lake_n without_o river_n and_o those_o not_o large_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o great_a number_n of_o these_o lake_n without_o river_n some_o small_a one_o be_v find_v in_o moscovia_n and_o finland_n the_o lake_n or_o pool_n lychnitis_n in_o macedonia_n the_o lake_n appollonia_n in_o mysia_n one_o in_o carniola_n call_v zrinzee_n a_o round_a one_o in_o china_n another_o call_v hilam_n in_o cochinchina_n one_o in_o zanhaga_n one_o at_o the_o city_n of_o mexico_n twelve_o league_n in_o length_n all_o these_o be_v small_a except_o that_o in_o china_n in_o comparison_n of_o great_a one_o lake_n the_o lake_n parima_fw-la the_o great_a lake_n there_o be_v only_o one_o great_a lake_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o which_o exceed_v all_o other_o to_o wit_n that_o of_o parima_fw-la in_o america_n which_o be_v about_o 300_o mile_n in_o length_n from_o east_n to_o west_n and_o about_o a_o hundred_o in_o breadth_n where_o broad_a yet_o nevertheless_o it_o do_v not_o receive_v nor_o send_v forth_o any_o river_n how_o it_o have_v its_o original_n be_v no_o mean_a doubt_n whether_o long_o since_o cause_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o ocean_n or_o flow_v from_o some_o subterranean_a fountain_n or_o spring_n also_o whether_o it_o be_v conserve_v by_o rain_n or_o from_o the_o same_o spring_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o probable_a that_o it_o have_v spring_n at_o the_o bottom_n that_o supply_n as_o much_o as_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n consume_v proposition_n iv_o to_o declare_v the_o generation_n and_o conservation_n of_o those_o lake_n that_o neither_o receive_v nor_o send_v forth_o any_o river_n river_n of_o the_o generation_n and_o conservation_n of_o lake_n that_o neither_o receive_v nor_o send_v forth_o river_n there_o be_v a_o infinite_a namber_n of_o these_o lake_n see_v that_o most_o river_n flow_v from_o lake_n as_o from_o fountain_n or_o spring_n especial_o those_o that_o arise_v in_o moscovia_n finland_n and_o lapland_n viz._n where_o there_o be_v any_o cavity_n in_o the_o place_n of_o a_o spring_n but_o not_o so_o large_a as_o to_o contain_v a_o quantity_n of_o run_v water_n than_o it_o become_v a_o lake_n thence_o proceed_v a_o river_n the_o water_n glide_v to_o the_o adjacent_a place_n neither_o may_v we_o doubt_v but_o that_o these_o lake_n have_v their_o generation_n and_o conservation_n from_o spring_n in_o the_o bottom_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o true_a spring_n or_o a_o apparent_a spring_n viz._n water_n flow_v from_o another_o place_n thither_o through_o a_o subterraneous_a passage_n which_o last_o appear_v more_o probable_a in_o reference_n to_o certain_a lake_n which_o immediate_o send_v forth_o great_a river_n of_o such_o small_a lake_n there_o be_v a_o great_a multitude_n as_o i_o have_v say_v as_o volga_n from_o whence_o be_v the_o first_o original_n of_o the_o river_n volga_n odoium_n from_o whence_o flow_v tanais_n adac_n the_o original_n of_o one_o of_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o river_n tigris_n osera_n in_o moscovia_n the_o spring_n of_o the_o river_n sosnam_n which_o be_v discharge_v into_o volga_n and_o many_o other_o small_a one_o we_o only_o reckon_v up_o the_o great_a of_o most_o note_n 1._o the_o famous_a lake_n chiamy_n not_o far_o from_o india_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 31_o degree_n from_o which_o run_v four_o river_n of_o note_n magnitude_n and_o inundation_n into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sian_n pegu_n and_o the_o like_a viz._n the_o river_n menam_fw-la axa_fw-la cosmum_fw-la and_o martavam_fw-la but_o some_o map_n have_v a_o very_a small_a river_n which_o rune_v into_o this_o lake_n 2._o the_o lake_n cincuyhay_n in_o china_n which_o send_v forth_o a_o great_a river_n towards_o the_o north_n which_o join_v with_o another_o enter_v china_n 3._o the_o lake_n titicaca_fw-la in_o america_n meridionalis_fw-la of_o 80_o mile_n compass_n it_o send_v forth_o a_o great_a river_n which_o terminate_v in_o a_o small_a lake_n neither_o be_v it_o see_v any_o far_a and_o about_o this_o lake_n be_v many_o city_n and_o to_n 4._o in_o nicaragua_n in_o america_n be_v a_o lake_n so_o call_v about_o four_o mile_n from_o the_o pacifick_n ocean_n and_o 100_o mile_n from_o the_o atlantic_a into_o which_o it_o rune_v in_o a_o great_a channel_n 5._o the_o lake_n iroquois_n in_o canada_n the_o original_n of_o the_o river_n of_o st._n laurence_n 6._o the_o lake_n annibi_n in_o asia_n under_o the_o latitude_n of_o 61_o degree_n proposition_n v._o to_o declare_v the_o generation_n and_o conservation_n of_o those_o lake_n that_o receive_v river_n and_o let_v out_o none_o none_o of_o lake_n that_o receive_v river_n and_o let_v our_o none_o now_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o these_o lake_n be_v generate_v and_o conserve_v from_o those_o river_n which_o they_o receive_v and_o that_o flow_v into_o they_o for_o when_o that_o river_n have_v go_v from_o their_o spring_n and_o arrive_v in_o their_o passage_n at_o any_o note_a and_o ample_a cavity_n the_o water_n be_v collect_v in_o this_o and_o make_v a_o lake_n now_o if_o the_o earth_n at_o the_o bottom_n prove_v porous_a it_o suck_v in_o the_o water_n and_o transmit_v it_o the_o to_o adjacent_a earth_n or_o that_o which_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v more_o frequent_a if_o there_o be_v a_o subterraneous_a passage_n or_o that_o such_o a_o one_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o water_n through_o this_o part_n of_o the_o flow_a water_n be_v carry_v away_o so_o that_o on_o that_o account_n the_o lake_n do_v not_o flow_v over_o of_o these_o kind_n of_o lake_n there_o be_v but_o a_o small_a number_n on_o the_o earth_n 1._o in_o the_o precede_a proposition_n we_o have_v say_v that_o the_o lake_n nicaragua_n send_v forth_o a_o river_n which_o end_v in_o a_o small_a lake_n this_o lake_n therefore_o shall_v be_v one_o of_o this_o number_n 2._o the_o lake_n asphaltites_n in_o palestine_n term_v also_o the_o dead-sea_n receive_v the_o river_n jordan_n but_o send_v
forth_o none_o it_o be_v seventy_o mile_n long_o and_o five_o broad_a 3._o a_o small_a one_o in_o asia_n minor_fw-la 4._o a_o small_a one_o in_o macedonia_n call_v janna_n which_o receive_v little_a river_n 5._o the_o lake_n of_o geneva_n 6._o a_o lake_n in_o persia_n 7._o the_o lake_n soran_n in_o moscovia_n which_o receive_v two_o small_a rivulet_n 8._o the_o river_n ghir_n in_o africa_n rise_v in_o mount_n atlas_n end_v in_o a_o lake_n as_o leo_n africanus_n write_v and_o so_o some_o map_n do_v represent_v it_o but_o other_o bring_v the_o river_n into_o nubia_n proposition_n vi_o to_o explain_v the_o generation_n of_o those_o lake_n which_o both_o receive_v and_o send_v forth_o river_n river_n of_o lake_n which_o both_o receive_v and_o send_v forth_o river_n there_o be_v a_o threefold_a difference_n of_o they_o as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o second_o proposition_n for_o either_o they_o receive_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o water_n than_o they_o send_v forth_o or_o a_o equal_a quantity_n or_o a_o lesser_a if_o that_o they_o send_v forth_o a_o great_a quantity_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o that_o lake_n have_v occult_a spring_n if_o less_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o there_o be_v secret_a aqueduct_n in_o the_o bottom_n or_o a_o spongious_a earth_n but_o if_o it_o be_v equal_a we_o gather_v that_o there_o be_v neither_o occult_a aqueduct_v nor_o hide_a spring_n in_o the_o bottom_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o generation_n therefore_o be_v partly_o the_o same_o which_o we_o show_v in_o the_o four_o proposition_n viz._n the_o cavity_n and_o depression_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n unto_o which_o be_v adjoin_v occult_a spring_n and_o much_o rain_n and_o dissolve_v snow_n and_o ice_n help_v on_o the_o same_o those_o that_o be_v generate_v from_o the_o influx_n of_o one_o river_n they_o be_v place_v in_o the_o middle_a tract_n of_o the_o river_n and_o render_v the_o river_n direct_o and_o of_o these_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n so_o the_o river_n niger_n make_v four_o lake_n in_o its_o passage_n the_o nile_n make_v many_o lake_n in_o its_o passage_n which_o the_o map_n do_v not_o show_v the_o river_n duina_n pa_v through_o six_o or_o seven_o at_o least_o and_o you_o shall_v see_v other_o river_n in_o moscovia_n and_o finland_n in_o the_o great_a map_n to_o make_v sixteen_o lake_n before_o that_o they_o come_v to_o their_o mouth_n but_o it_o be_v best_o to_o consider_v those_o which_o produce_v other_o river_n than_o they_o have_v receive_v the_o most_o famous_a for_o magnitude_n be_v these_o zaire_n the_o lake_n zaire_n 1._o zaire_n a_o lake_n of_o the_o procurrent_a of_o africa_n lie_v between_o the_o thirteen_o and_o six_o degree_n of_o south_n latitude_n and_o therefore_o in_o longitude_n have_v 105_o mile_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o lie_v a_o island_n beside_o other_o small_a one_o of_o that_o magnitude_n that_o they_o can_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n at_o least_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o thousand_o fight_a man_n this_o isle_n do_v in_o a_o manner_n twice_o cut_v the_o lake_n so_o that_o one_o part_n be_v account_v for_o a_o peculiar_a lake_n it_o be_v call_v zembre_n from_o this_o lake_n flow_v three_o mighty_a river_n nile_n cuama_n and_o zaire_n but_o certain_a small_a rivulet_n do_v flow_v into_o the_o same_o which_o do_v not_o only_o seem_v sufficient_a to_o supply_v the_o great_a of_o the_o same_o so_o that_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o it_o have_v certain_a spring_n at_o the_o bottom_n although_o the_o inundation_n to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o be_v the_o shower_n that_o fall_v in_o the_o pluvial_a month_n zaflan_n the_o lake_n zaflan_n 2._o zaflan_n a_o lake_n not_o far_o from_o zaire_n between_o the_o ten_o and_o six_o degree_n of_o south_n latitude_n and_o therefore_o about_o sixty_o mile_n in_o longitude_n it_o send_v forth_o a_o branch_n into_o the_o nile_n and_o receive_v small_a river_n sachaf_n the_o lake_n sachaf_n 3._o the_o lake_n sachaf_n not_o far_o from_o zaire_n towards_o the_o promontory_n of_o good_a hope_n send_v forth_o a_o rivulet_n which_o be_v augment_v with_o other_o water_n at_o length_n make_v the_o river_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n it_o receive_v small_a river_n aquilunda_n the_o lake_n aquilunda_n 4._o the_o lake_n aquilunda_n receive_v a_o branch_n from_o the_o lake_n zaire_n and_o send_v forth_o many_o river_n into_o congo_n onega_n the_o lake_n onega_n 5._o onega_n a_o lake_n in_o finland_n between_o the_o 60_o and_o 63_o degree_n of_o latitude_n have_v 44_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o 30_o in_o breadth_n where_o it_o be_v at_o the_o broad_a it_o receive_v many_o small_a river_n which_o proceed_v from_o other_o lake_n and_o send_v forth_o the_o moderate_a river_n sueri_n into_o the_o lake_n lodoga_n lodoga_n the_o lake_n lodoga_n 6._o the_o lake_n lodoga_n 30_o mile_n long_o and_o 15_o broad_a it_o receive_v the_o river_n sueri_fw-la from_o onega_n and_o many_o lesser_a from_o other_o place_n a_o moderate_a one_o from_o ilman_n a_o note_a lake_n in_o moscovia_n it_o send_v forth_o a_o river_n into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n osera_n the_o lake_n osera_n 7._o the_o lake_n osera_n receive_v the_o river_n kousam_n and_o other_o and_o send_v forth_o sosnam_n which_o rune_v into_o the_o volga_n enaraok_n the_o lake_n enaraok_n 8._o enaraok_v a_o lake_n or_o marish_a in_o lapland_n in_o length_n 40_o mile_n in_o breadth_n 15_o it_o receive_v the_o river_n avilan_n and_o other_o lesser_a river_n and_o send_v forth_o the_o river_n paes_n into_o the_o lappian_n sea_n ula_fw-la the_o lake_n ula_fw-la 9_o vla_n a_o lake_n in_o moscovia_n 30_o mile_n long_o and_o 15_o broad_a it_o have_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o a_o island_n as_o in_o the_o lake_n zaire_n it_o receive_v a_o river_n that_o pass_v through_o 10_o lake_n and_o send_v forth_o a_o famous_a river_n there_o be_v many_o more_o in_o moscovia_n finland_n and_o norway_n china_n lake_n in_o china_n 10._o in_o china_n be_v four_o famous_a lake_n which_o receive_v river_n and_o again_o distribute_v they_o into_o divers_a part_n brasil_n lake_n in_o brasil_n 11._o in_o brasil_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o in_o china_n be_v the_o lake_n euparia_n and_o puerto_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la reyes_n in_o which_o the_o river_n argenta_n and_o omoranna_n do_v meet_v and_o pass_v through_o proposition_n vii_o many_o lake_n contain_v fresh_a water_n very_o few_o salt_n or_o marine_n salt_n divers_a lake_n contain_v freshwater_n very_o few_o salt_n those_o that_o have_v their_o be_v from_o rains_n or_o rivers_n as_o also_o those_o that_o have_v their_o own_o proper_a spring_n more_o remote_a from_o the_o sea_n but_o those_o that_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n through_o a_o certain_a passage_n be_v salt_n as_o also_o some_o which_o have_v spring_n of_o salt-water_n in_o the_o bottom_n so_o the_o lake_n harlem_n and_o other_o in_o holland_n be_v salt_n there_o be_v a_o salt_n lake_n find_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o madagascar_n in_o peru_n in_o cuba_n which_o have_v two_o league_n in_o circuitâ—_n â—scituate_a not_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n and_o although_o it_o receive_v certain_a river_n of_o freshwater_n and_o breed_v fish_n and_o tortoise_n yet_o it_o be_v salt_n so_o the_o lake_n asphaltites_n although_o it_o receive_v the_o freshwater_n of_o jordan_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o sweet_a but_o send_v forth_o so_o stink_v and_o violent_a a_o vapour_n that_o the_o circumjacent_a land_n for_o the_o space_n of_o half_a a_o mile_n be_v barren_a proposition_n viii_o whether_o the_o caspian_a sea_n be_v a_o lake_n streight_n or_o gulf_n of_o the_o ocean_n gulf_n the_o caspian_a sea_n whether_o a_o lake_n streight_n or_o gulf_n some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v proper_o term_v a_o sea_n but_o no_o sea_n can_v proper_o be_v term_v a_o sea_n except_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n that_o be_v except_o it_o do_v adhere_v to_o the_o ocean_n by_o some_o manifest_a tract_n but_o they_o will_v have_v it_o join_v to_o the_o ocean_n by_o some_o subterraneous_a passage_n the_o ancient_n indeed_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v join_v with_o the_o indian_a ocean_n other_o with_o the_o northern_a but_o experience_n sufficient_o show_v both_o to_o be_v deceive_v concern_v a_o subterraneous_a passage_n the_o matter_n be_v uncertain_a yet_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v probable_a from_o thence_o that_o it_o receive_v so_o many_o river_n and_o those_o note_v for_o great_a quantity_n which_o quantity_n of_o water_n the_o channel_n can_v not_o possible_o contain_v except_o that_o it_o exonerate_v the_o same_o by_o subterraneous_a cavern_n and_o passage_n into_o the_o ocean_n but_o other_o suppose_v that_o quantity_n of_o water_n otherwise_o to_o be_v consume_v viz._n that_o it_o penetrate_v not_o into_o the_o ocean_n but_o into_o the_o vicine_fw-la mountain_n of_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a
great_a than_o that_o which_o enter_v in_o for_o if_o it_o be_v lesser_a or_o no_o great_a i_o think_v we_o ought_v not_o to_o question_v whether_o that_o which_o go_v forth_o be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o which_o come_v in_o other_o note_n or_o sign_n be_v in_o some_o as_o the_o rhodanus_n enter_v the_o lake_n lemanus_n and_o again_o go_v forth_o and_o yet_o cause_v not_o that_o lake_n which_o be_v discover_v beside_o other_o token_n from_o the_o colour_n which_o this_o river_n bear_v contrary_a to_o the_o lake_n neither_o do_v the_o rhine_n cause_n any_o lake_n but_o be_v produce_v and_o conserve_v from_o water_n bubble_v under_o the_o earth_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o propose_v these_o as_o undoubted_a proposition_n xvii_o most_o river_n be_v by_o so_o much_o the_o broad_a by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v near_o to_o their_o mouth_n or_o remove_v from_o their_o spring_n and_o great_a be_v their_o latitude_n in_o their_o mouth_n or_o outlet_n spring_n the_o mouth_n of_o river_n broad_a than_o at_o their_o spring_n the_o cause_n be_v 1._o because_o other_o river_n enter_v into_o that_o which_o exonerate_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n be_v augment_v 2._o because_o the_o channel_n be_v less_o depress_v in_o the_o part_n near_o the_o mouth_n 3._o because_o that_o the_o water_n be_v force_v back_o by_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o mouth_n to_o the_o fountain_n which_o violence_n be_v only_o discover_v in_o the_o part_n near_o to_o the_o mouth_n not_o in_o those_o remote_a and_o near_o the_o fountain_n 4._o the_o sea_n itself_o when_o such_o a_o wind_n blow_v enter_v the_o mouth_n and_o render_v it_o more_o large_a and_o broad_a by_o vehement_a agitation_n and_o by_o so_o much_o the_o outlet_n be_v large_a and_o broad_a in_o great_a river_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v the_o few_o great_a be_v the_o mouth_n or_o outlet_n of_o the_o river_n maragnon_n in_o brazilia_n of_o st._n laurence_n in_o canada_n of_o the_o zaire_n in_o africa_n of_o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plate_n in_o brazilia_n for_o this_o river_n be_v carry_v into_o the_o sea_n by_o a_o outlet_a of_o 40_o mile_n as_o some_o have_v observe_v or_o as_o other_o of_o 20_o mile_n only_o and_o i_o suppose_v those_o that_o write_v of_o 40_o mile_n comprehend_v the_o other_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n together_o those_o who_o have_v be_v in_o congo_n relate_v that_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o zaire_n be_v 28_o mile_n and_o these_o river_n send_v forth_o such_o a_o large_a quantity_n of_o water_n overcome_v and_o obscure_v both_o the_o salt_n taste_v of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n towards_o the_o shore_n and_o that_o unto_o 10_o or_o 12_o mile_n in_o the_o sea_n proposition_n xviii_o the_o water_n of_o rivers_n carry_v with_o it_o many_o particle_n of_o various_a metal_n mineral_n sand_n of_o oily_a or_o fat_a body_n they_o river_n in_o their_o course_n carry_v various_a thing_n with_o they_o some_o river_n carry_v gold_n that_o be_v sand_n mix_v with_o some_o grain_n of_o gold_n and_o such_o be_v 1._o some_o in_o japan_n 2._o in_o the_o island_n of_o lequeo_fw-la not_o far_o from_o japan_n 3._o a_o riveret_n call_v arroe_n in_o africa_n which_o spring_v in_o monomotapa_n from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o which_o mountain_n there_o be_v golden_a mine_n and_o it_o flow_v into_o magnice_n a_o river_n in_o soffalae_n 4._o in_o guiney_n where_o the_o negro_n separate_v these_o grain_n from_o the_o sand_n and_o sell_v it_o or_o exchange_v it_o with_o the_o european_n for_o toy_n or_o slight_a commodity_n 5._o in_o the_o riveret_n about_o mexico_n grain_n of_o gold_n be_v also_o gather_v up_o especial_o after_o shower_n of_o rain_n which_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o all_o these_o riveret_n for_o except_v in_o the_o time_n of_o shower_n scarce_o any_o or_o very_o little_a be_v find_v 6._o in_o peru._n 7._o in_o sumatra_n 8._o in_o cuba_n 9_o in_o hispaniola_n and_o other_o adjacent_a isle_n 10._o in_o guiana_n a_o province_n in_o america_n 11._o in_o the_o river_n of_o caribana_n great_a grain_n be_v find_v after_o shower_n 12._o many_o riveret_n and_o spring_n be_v find_v in_o the_o region_n about_o the_o alps_n in_o germany_n especial_o in_o the_o province_n of_o tirol_n from_o the_o water_n of_o which_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v extract_v although_o nothing_o of_o grain_n be_v conspicuous_a in_o they_o because_o they_o carry_v very_o small_a particle_n or_o atom_n the_o rhine_n also_o carry_v golden_a clay_n in_o many_o place_n as_o also_o the_o abbis_n in_o time_n past_o the_o river_n tagus_n be_v famous_a for_o roll_a down_o sand-gold_n but_o at_o this_o day_n no_o such_o be_v find_v in_o it_o neither_o do_v i_o remember_v that_o any_o river_n in_o europe_n be_v celebrate_v for_o such_o riches_n also_o in_o hassia_n at_o this_o time_n a_o small_a river_n be_v report_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o sand_n of_o which_o be_v grain_n of_o gold_n but_o i_o have_v read_v no_o author_n worthy_a of_o credit_n concern_v it_o no_o silver_n rivers_n or_o riveret_n be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o writer_n yet_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o there_o as_o many_o or_o more_o riveret_n which_o carry_v grain_n of_o gold_n but_o because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o discover_v from_o the_o sand_n and_o no_o great_a gain_n can_v be_v obtain_v therefore_o it_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v observe_v by_o any_o the_o same_o be_v also_o the_o cause_n why_o we_o meet_v with_o no_o mention_n of_o those_o riveret_n that_o carry_v grain_n of_o iron_n copper_n tin_n except_o of_o very_a few_o of_o which_o questionless_a there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n the_o admirable_a effect_n of_o which_o be_v discover_v man_n admire_v and_o be_v amaze_v and_o vulgar_a philosopher_n fly_v to_o a_o occult_a quality_n let_v we_o only_o cast_v a_o eye_n on_o that_o river_n in_o upper_a germany_n germany_n a_o strange_a river_n in_o germany_n which_o change_v iron_n into_o copper_n as_o the_o vulgar_a think_v so_o that_o if_o you_o hang_v a_o iron_n shoe_n in_o it_o you_o will_v draw_v it_o out_o copper_n but_o the_o iron_n be_v not_o change_v into_o copper_n as_o be_v vulgar_o suppose_v but_o the_o grain_n and_o particle_n of_o copper_n and_o vitriol_n that_o be_v in_o this_o river_n corrode_v the_o iron_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o iron_n be_v remove_v those_o of_o the_o copper_n succeed_v in_o their_o place_n this_o the_o modern_a physician_n that_o be_v skilful_a in_o chemistry_n have_v learn_v by_o another_o experiment_n much_o less_o be_v the_o riveret_n that_o be_v impregnate_v with_o many_o particle_n of_o kind_n of_o earth_n and_o salt_n observe_v but_o we_o shall_v explain_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n the_o mineral_n and_o metallick_n spring_v from_o this_o admixture_n of_o various_a particle_n proceed_v the_o great_a diversity_n of_o water_n in_o river_n and_o wells_n the_o water_n of_o some_o if_o that_o you_o use_v it_o to_o boil_v meat_n make_v it_o black_a which_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o it_o be_v impregnate_v with_o iron_n neither_o be_v pease_n so_o easy_o soften_v as_o when_o they_o be_v boil_a in_o other_o water_n which_o be_v somewhat_o more_o fat_a of_o divers_a water_n the_o same_o or_o like_a beer_n can_v be_v make_v now_o the_o albis_n be_v of_o the_o number_n of_o these_o fat_a one_o as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o variety_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v from_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o land_n through_o which_o the_o river_n rune_v which_o be_v either_o stony_a gravelly_a or_o metallic_v and_o experience_n testify_v that_o river_n who_o water_n be_v fat_a do_v run_v through_o clayie_a land_n so_o all_o the_o place_n that_o adjoyn_v to_o the_o albis_n be_v fruitful_a proposition_n xix_o the_o water_n of_o most_o river_n differ_v in_o colour_n gravity_n and_o other_o quality_n quality_n the_o water_n of_o most_o river_n be_v of_o different_a quality_n for_o some_o water_n be_v black_a some_o incline_n to_o black_a some_o incline_n to_o red_a some_z to_z white_z and_o this_o diversity_n of_o they_o be_v chief_o note_v when_o that_o two_o river_n do_v meet_v for_o we_o may_v discover_v for_o many_o mile_n those_o water_n where_o now_o they_o exist_v in_o the_o same_o part_n of_o the_o channel_n from_o whence_o also_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o they_o differ_v in_o gravity_n when_o that_o one_o rather_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o channel_n than_o the_o other_o although_o this_o be_v make_v more_o manifest_a by_o the_o examination_n by_o weight_n the_o water_n of_o the_o ganges_n be_v account_v the_o most_o wholesome_a and_o the_o most_o light_a and_o
participation_n of_o mineral_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o vitriol_n sulphureous_a and_o mercurial_a water_n and_o the_o like_a and_o more_o especial_o to_o these_o to_o wit_n to_o salt_n vitriolate_v and_o sulphureous_a because_o in_o these_o nature_n itself_o do_v exhibit_v this_o fourfold_a variety_n i_o doubt_v whether_o that_o corporeal_a water_n of_o a_o mix_a subtlety_n do_v exist_v spirituous_a metallick_n water_n be_v very_o rare_a but_o sulphureous_a and_o salt_n water_n be_v frequent_a but_o the_o corporeal_a and_o spirituous_a because_o these_o sort_n of_o metal_n be_v both_o find_v in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o also_o in_o a_o great_a quantity_n and_o easy_o suffer_v their_o particle_n to_o be_v gnaw_v off_o they_o send_v out_o also_o frequent_o a_o fume_n and_o vapour_n we_o will_v explain_v by_o one_o example_n this_o fourfold_a variety_n of_o participation_n and_o that_o in_o gold_n 1._o in_o the_o precede_a chapter_n and_o the_o sixteenth_o proposition_n we_o have_v enumerate_v those_o riveret_n which_o carry_v grain_n of_o gold_n and_o with_o this_o treasury_n make_v glad_a the_o native_n such_o be_v many_o in_o the_o earldom_n of_o tirol_n and_o the_o place_n adjacent_a and_o we_o have_v say_v that_o the_o rhine_n itself_o albis_n danube_n and_o most_o great_a river_n in_o some_o place_n carry_v grain_n of_o gold_n as_o also_o of_o other_o metal_n and_o mineral_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o receive_v golden_a or_o gold-bearing_a riveret_n the_o rhine_n carry_v grain_n of_o gold_n commix_v with_o clay_n and_o sand_n in_o many_o place_n but_o especial_o at_o these_o 1._o near_a curia_n in_o rhetia_n 2._o at_o meinfield_n 3._o at_o eglinsan_n 4._o at._n secningham_n 5._o at_o the_o town_n aug_v not_o far_o from_o basil_n 6._o at_o norinburgh_n 7._o at_o worm_n 8._o at_o seltz_n 9_o at_o mentz_n 10._o at_o bacherack_n 11._o at_o bononia_n and_o the_o like_a the_o reader_n may_v see_v those_o gold-bearing_a riveret_n which_o the_o rhine_n receive_v in_o thurnhuserus_n as_o also_o those_o that_o the_o danube_n and_o albis_n do_v receive_v in_o the_o water_n of_o this_o viz._n the_o albis_n be_v find_v grain_n of_o gold_n 1._o at_o leutmeritz_n in_o bohemia_n 2._o at_o puru_n 3._o at_o dresda_n in_o misnia_n 4._o at_o torga_n 5._o at_o magdeburgh_n 6._o at_o the_o tower_n of_o lunenburgh_n fifteen_o mile_n from_o hamburgh_n concern_v the_o gold-bearing_a riveret_n consult_v the_o forecited_a book_n of_o thurnhuserus_n where_o also_o you_o may_v see_v those_o that_o carry_v other_o metal_n and_o mineral_n these_o water_n be_v therefore_o the_o corporeal_a golden-water_n of_o the_o first_o mode_n viz._n those_o that_o carry_v grain_n of_o gold_n which_o less_o proper_o be_v term_v mineral_n or_o golden_a because_o the_o golden-grain_n be_v not_o permix_v with_o the_o water_n but_o be_v carry_v down_o by_o the_o rapid_a current_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o water_n themselves_o be_v simple_a or_o uncompounded_a 2._o golden_a corporeal-water_n of_o a_o subtle_a commixtion_n to_o wit_n the_o atom_n of_o who_o water_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o atom_n of_o the_o gold_n as_o we_o have_v say_v of_o the_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la of_o the_o chemist_n which_o dissolve_v the_o gold_n and_o unit_v it_o to_o itself_o by_o atom_n and_o now_o because_o there_o may_v be_v like_o water_n which_o whether_o they_o be_v carry_v through_o golden-land_n or_o mine_n may_v gnaw_v off_o and_o dissolve_v some_o golden-atom_n of_o it_o with_o earthly_a one_o such_o golden-water_n many_o riveret_n seem_v to_o be_v which_o thurnhuserus_n write_v to_o participate_v of_o gold_n and_o reckon_v they_o up_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o danube_n rhine_n and_o other_o great_a river_n 3._o the_o golden_a spirituous-water_n be_v very_o few_o and_o some_o of_o those_o be_v they_o peradventure_o which_o thurnhuserus_n enumerate_v now_o such_o water_n be_v less_o note_v or_o sensible_a because_o golden-earth_n and_o mine_n be_v very_o rare_a and_o that_o in_o a_o small_a quantity_n moreover_o where_o the_o mine_n be_v a_o quantity_n of_o other_o mineral_n be_v also_o together_o with_o the_o gold_n whence_o the_o water_n receive_v many_o more_o spirit_n yet_o some_o riveret_n in_o the_o high_a alps_n of_o bohemia_n be_v say_v to_o participate_v of_o these_o golden-spirit_n also_o in_o silesia_n and_o the_o mountain_n that_o they_o call_v fitchtelberg_n the_o pepper-bath_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o curia_n be_v believe_v to_o be_v impregnate_v with_o such_o a_o spirit_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o admixture_n of_o other_o mineral_n in_o great_a quantity_n the_o water_n receive_v a_o less_o sensible_a quality_n from_o it_o 4._o golden-water_n which_o carry_v both_o atom_n of_o gold_n and_o spirit_n be_v some_o of_o the_o riveret_n mention_v by_o thurnhuserus_n we_o will_v add_v the_o example_n of_o salt-water_n salt-water_n example_n of_o salt-water_n 1._o salt_n corporeal-water_n viz._n which_o carry_v the_o more_o gross_a particle_n of_o salt_n and_o not_o accurate_o mix_v they_o be_v many_o and_o sufficient_o know_v to_o any_o person_n as_o certain_a spring_n of_o which_o salt_n be_v make_v hitherto_o appertain_v the_o sea-water_n if_o that_o it_o be_v make_v more_o gross_a by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n 2._o salt_n corporeal_a subtile-water_n which_o contain_v the_o salt_n reduce_v into_o little_a particle_n they_o be_v those_o which_o when_o they_o be_v most_o salt_n yet_o withal_o they_o be_v very_o pellucid_a and_o subtle_a as_o many_o salt_n spring_n and_o tenuous_a sea-water_n although_o that_o there_o be_v great_a difference_n in_o this_o subtle_a commixtion_n hitherto_o appertain_v the_o urinal_n of_o all_o animal_n 3._o salt_n spirituous-water_n which_o contain_v not_o the_o particle_n of_o salt_n but_o the_o spirit_n of_o salt_n they_o be_v such_o that_o if_o you_o shall_v boil_v many_o vessel_n of_o they_o yet_o notwithstanding_o you_o shall_v receive_v no_o salt_n not_o a_o few_o of_o these_o be_v in_o germany_n and_o elsewhere_o but_o they_o be_v rare_o find_v simple_a 4._o salt_n corporeal_a and_o spirituous-water_n which_o have_v particle_n of_o salt_n and_o spirit_n almost_o all_o the_o corporeal_a have_v also_o some_o portion_n of_o saline_n spirit_n but_o most_o of_o they_o very_o little_a so_o near_o the_o city_n saltzinga_n not_o far_o from_o the_o rhine_n the_o fountain_n be_v salt_n the_o water_n of_o which_o though_o more_o salt_n than_o other_o water_n yet_o it_o afford_v less_o salt_n because_o its_o sharp_a and_o salt_n sapour_fw-la be_v sharpen_v by_o a_o spirit_n or_o volatile_a salt_n that_o fly_v away_o in_o the_o boil_a hence_o it_o be_v manifest_v how_o this_o fourfold_a difference_n of_o participation_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v unto_o every_o sort_n of_o mineral_n water_n viz._n vitriolate-water_n alom-water_n lead-water_n and_o the_o like_a proposition_n v._o to_o reckon_v up_o the_o note_a difference_n of_o mineral_n water_n water_n the_o note_a difference_n of_o mineral_n water_n in_o the_o forego_n proposition_n we_o have_v explain_v the_o true_a kind_n and_o difference_n of_o mineral_n water_n take_v from_o the_o very_a essence_n of_o they_o viz._n from_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o mineral_n which_o they_o carry_v or_o by_o which_o they_o be_v impregnate_v but_o those_o difference_n because_o they_o do_v not_o so_o strike_v the_o sense_n and_o moreover_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o various_a mixture_n of_o mineral_n communicate_v various_a property_n to_o the_o water_n wherefore_o they_o be_v less_o vulgar_o know_v for_o the_o denomination_n of_o all_o body_n arise_v from_o manifest_a quality_n on_o the_o sense_n as_o also_o do_v the_o celebrity_n of_o water_n among_o man_n the_o explication_n and_o cause_n of_o which_o apart_a quality_n and_o property_n must_v be_v seek_v from_o the_o inmost_a composition_n of_o thing_n therefore_o the_o note_a and_o famous_a difference_n or_o species_n of_o liquor_n flow_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o also_o know_v to_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n of_o man_n be_v these_o ten_o to_o wit_n 1._o sowr-water_n 2._o bitter_a 3._o hot_a 4._o very_a cold_a 5._o oily_a and_o fat_a 6._o poisonous_a 7._o colour_a 8._o ebullient_a 9_o water_n that_o convert_v less_o hard_a into_o hard_a or_o after_o any_o other_o mode_n change_v any_o body_n cast_v in_o or_o stain_v with_o they_o 10._o salt-water_n and_o in_o the_o 11_o place_n we_o may_v add_v those_o which_o be_v endow_v with_o any_o other_o wonderful_a property_n unto_o these_o class_n those_o that_o be_v studious_a in_o these_o thing_n may_v reduce_v all_o water_n which_o be_v find_v describe_v in_o author_n we_o shall_v only_o in_o brief_a show_v their_o generation_n and_o difference_n and_o allege_v some_o example_n proposition_n vi_o to_o explain_v the_o cause_n or_o generation_n difference_n or_o kind_n of_o acid_n or_o sour_a water_n water_n of_o sour_a water_n great_a be_v the_o celebrity_n of_o acid_n water_n or_o spring_n they_o
water_n on_o which_o drop_v of_o oil_n do_v flow_v in_o scotland_n two_o mile_n from_o edinburgh_n a_o fountain_n flow_v on_o the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o which_o drop_v of_o black_a oil_n do_v swim_v the_o inhabitant_n use_v it_o to_o mollify_v the_o skin_n and_o to_o take_v away_o scab_n so_o the_o river_n cilicia_n term_v liparis_n be_v famous_a among_o the_o ancient_n in_o which_o those_o that_o wash_v themselves_o be_v anoint_a by_o the_o water_n whether_o it_o be_v so_o at_o this_o day_n i_o much_o doubt_n so_o likewise_o there_o be_v a_o lake_n in_o aethiopia_n which_o anoint_v those_o that_o swim_v it_o also_o there_o be_v a_o fountain_n in_o india_n which_o on_o a_o clear_a day_n send_v forth_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o oil_n in_o zant_n and_o about_o dyrrachium_fw-la and_o appallonia_n as_o vitruvius_n write_v there_o be_v fountain_n which_o vomit_v out_o abundance_n of_o pitch_n with_o water_n there_o be_v a_o lake_n in_o babylon_n of_o great_a magnitude_n call_v limb_n asphaltis_n it_o have_v liquid_a bitumen_n swim_v upon_o it_o with_o which_o the_o black_a semiramis_n encompass_v babylon_n with_o a_o wall_n at_o this_o day_n also_o at_o monasterium_fw-la in_o bavaria_n be_v the_o fountain_n degemsce_fw-mi on_o the_o top_n of_o which_o oil_n swim_v and_o be_v daily_o take_v off_o the_o acid_n water_n of_o schwalback_n if_o they_o be_v take_v in_o a_o vessel_n and_o have_v be_v settle_v for_o some_o day_n small_a drop_n of_o oil_n swim_v on_o the_o top_n of_o they_o there_o be_v a_o great_a quantity_n in_o the_o fountain_n term_v oelbrum_n not_o far_o from_o hagenaw_n at_o the_o village_n lamperscholch_n also_o in_o the_o many_o bath_n be_v find_v bituminous_a particle_n if_o so_o be_v that_o they_o stand_v quiet_a for_o some_o day_n as_o in_o the_o bath_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n term_v the_o bath_n of_o petrolei_n now_o the_o fountain_n that_o send_v out_o not_o a_o oil_n swim_v on_o the_o water_n but_o a_o mere_a fat_a or_o bituminous_a liquor_n be_v also_o many_o near_a gersbachium_n in_o the_o valley_n call_v lebersthal_n from_o a_o antiquate_a and_o exhaust_v i_o oil_n or_o bitumen_n flow_v with_o which_o the_o country_n swain_n besmear_v their_o cart-wheel_n neither_o do_v the_o inhabitant_n know_v its_o excellency_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o sumatra_n be_v a_o spring_n from_o which_o naptha_n like_v unto_o oil_n flow_v other_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o balsam_n they_o report_v fountain_n of_o amber_n to_o be_v there_o likewise_o in_o peru_n near_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o bituminous_a fountain_n send_v forth_o a_o branch_n or_o riveret_n into_o the_o sea_n the_o native_n use_v it_o instead_o of_o pitch_n neither_o do_v they_o use_v any_o other_o matter_n in_o persia_n not_o far_o from_o schimachia_n at_o or_o near_o the_o high_a mountain_n barmach_n in_o a_o valley_n be_v about_o thirty_o fountain_n of_o bitumen_n or_o naptha_n but_o run_v in_o deep_a well_n with_o a_o great_a force_n the_o depth_n be_v about_o two_o ell_n wooden_a step_n be_v make_v for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o descent_n it_o send_v forth_o a_o sulphureous_a and_o strong_a spirit_n it_o be_v of_o a_o twofold_a colour_n in_o some_o red_a in_o other_o white_z the_o cause_n of_o these_o bituminous_a fountain_n be_v a_o sulphureous_a and_o bituminous_a matter_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n thrust_v forth_o by_o a_o heat_n and_o spirit_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o difference_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v from_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o fat_a matter_n themselves_o as_o succinum_fw-la amber_n oil_n of_o petrolei_n pitch_n naptha_n and_o the_o like_a proposition_n x._o to_o explain_v the_o generation_n of_o bitter_a water_n and_o to_o reckon_v up_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o they_o be_v find_v find_v of_o the_o generation_n of_o bitter_a water_n and_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v find_v many_o fountain_n and_o well_n in_o the_o region_n of_o india_n on_o the_o choromandel_n have_v bitter_a water_n although_o that_o they_o ebulliate_v in_o and_o flow_v from_o rock_n in_o pontus_n a_o region_n of_o asia_n minor_a a_o little_a river_n term_v exampeus_n at_o the_o town_n callipadus_n be_v very_o bitter_a it_o render_v the_o river_n hypanis_n into_o which_o it_o flow_v also_o very_o bitter_a they_o arise_v from_o impure_a sulphur_n bitumen_n nitre_n ink_n copper_n as_o water_v leave_v a_o long_a time_n in_o a_o copper_n vessel_n acquire_v a_o bitter_a taste_n the_o lake_n asphaltites_n in_o palestine_n which_o be_v call_v mare_n mortuum_n or_o the_o dead_a sea_n have_v a_o bitter_a water_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o impure_a bitumen_n whence_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o fat_a water_n of_o the_o former_a proposition_n it_o send_v forth_o a_o stink_a scent_n and_o vapour_n all_o thing_n without_o life_n sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n but_o it_o suffer_v not_o any_o animal_n to_o sink_v neither_o do_v it_o grow_v sweet_a although_o that_o it_o continual_o swallow_v up_o the_o river_n jordan_n it_o be_v venomous_a by_o reason_n that_o it_o contain_v arsenic_n proposition_n xi_o the_fw-mi explain_v the_o cause_n of_o very_o cold_a spring_n and_o to_o enumerate_v the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o they_o be_v find_v spring_n the_o cause_n of_o cold_a spring_n in_o the_o province_n of_o dauphin_n in_o france_n not_o far_o from_o vienna_n be_v a_o fountain_n of_o so_o great_a cold_a that_o the_o mouth_n of_o those_o that_o drink_v it_o be_v swell_v with_o it_o neither_o can_v they_o endure_v their_o hand_n in_o it_o it_o be_v not_o diminish_v for_o the_o water_n that_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o it_o nor_o augment_v by_o the_o water_n pour_v into_o it_o in_o arabia_n or_o aethiopia_n be_v most_o cold_a spring_n although_o that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v most_o excessive_a there_o in_o stiria_n not_o far_o from_o gretz_n be_v fountain_n so_o cold_a at_o the_o bottom_n that_o none_o can_v drink_v any_o water_n run_v or_o draw_v from_o thence_o in_o a_o mile_n from_o calma_n a_o spring_n send_v forth_o water_n as_o it_o be_v boil_v with_o a_o great_a wind_n when_o yet_o it_o be_v very_o cold_a hence_o they_o call_v it_o the_o mad_a water_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o coldness_n of_o these_o fountain_n be_v 1._o the_o admixture_n of_o nitre_n and_o alom_n also_o of_o mercury_n iron_n and_o the_o like_a 2._o the_o depth_n of_o the_o spring_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o defect_n of_o the_o solary_a beam_n and_o of_o the_o sulphureous_a subterraneous_a heat_n there_o be_v also_o some_o spring_n which_o be_v sometime_o cold_a and_o sometime_o hot_a in_o gatalonia_n the_o lake_n and_o fountain_n salsula_n in_o the_o winter_n be_v hot_a and_o in_o the_o summer_n very_o cold_a this_o be_v common_a to_o it_o with_o many_o other_o i_o think_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v that_o in_o the_o summer_n the_o pore_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v open_a through_o which_o the_o hot_a spirit_n break_v forth_o in_o the_o winter_n they_o be_v close_v whence_o within_o there_o be_v hot_a furnace_n that_o heat_v the_o water_n so_o some_o fountain_n be_v more_o hot_a in_o the_o night_n than_o in_o the_o day_n proposition_n xii_o to_o explain_v the_o generation_n of_o those_o water_n which_o seem_v to_o change_v body_n into_o another_o kind_n and_o to_o reckon_v up_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o they_o be_v find_v there_o be_v some_o water_n which_o change_v wood_n into_o the_o hard_a stone_n in_o ireland_n etc._n of_o the_o generation_n of_o water_n which_o change_v body_n into_o another_o kind_n etc._n etc._n above_o the_o city_n armagh_n in_o a_o pool_n not_o very_o large_a a_o stake_n of_o wood_n if_o it_o be_v fix_v for_o some_o month_n the_o part_n that_o stick_v in_o the_o mud_n will_v be_v iron_n the_o part_n which_o be_v touch_v with_o the_o water_n be_v turn_v into_o stone_n and_o the_o rest_n remain_v wood_n so_o giraldus_n and_o maginus_fw-la relate_fw-la but_o brietius_n say_v i_o know_v not_o by_o what_o authority_n that_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a fable_n the_o water_n of_o loches_n in_o blois_n a_o province_n in_o france_n turn_v all_o thing_n put_v into_o it_o into_o stone_n at_o the_o city_n senon_n in_o burgundia_n near_o a_o lake_n a_o spring_n flow_v which_o harden_v into_o stone_n vitruvius_n say_v that_o in_o cappadocia_n between_o mazaca_n and_o tuana_n be_v a_o large_a lake_n which_o change_v a_o reed_n or_o wood_n put_v into_o it_o in_o one_o day_n into_o stone_n in_o bohemia_n near_o the_o bath_n of_o charles_n be_v a_o fountain_n in_o which_o wood_n lie_v long_o be_v change_v into_o stone_n other_o water_n be_v think_v to_o change_v iron_n into_o copper_n which_o yet_o real_o they_o do_v not_o but_o by_o reason_n that_o water_n themselves_o carry_v particle_n and_o spirit_n of_o copper_n
many_o example_n of_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o ocean_n as_o former_o in_o thessaly_n and_o not_o long_o since_o in_o friezland_n and_o holsatia_n 3._o when_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o same_o cause_n it_o penetrate_v the_o firm_a land_n and_o make_v island_n by_o this_o mode_n we_o have_v say_v in_o the_o former_a proposition_n that_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o that_o sea_n have_v its_o original_n which_o interflow_v between_o those_o innumerable_a oriental_a isle_n and_o that_o which_o flow_v between_o the_o maldivian_n isle_n and_o india_n and_o also_o between_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n and_o camboja_n 4._o when_o it_o by_o degree_n eat_v and_o consume_v the_o coast_n or_o shore_n and_o so_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n cover_v some_o part_n of_o the_o shore_n and_o of_o the_o adjacent_a land_n so_o the_o baltic_a sea_n invade_v the_o coast_n of_o pomerania_n and_o destroy_v the_o famous_a town_n or_o empory_n of_o vinetam_n so_o take_v away_o the_o island_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o norway_n it_o let_v in_o itself_o between_o these_o isle_n and_o the_o continent_n so_o the_o german_a ocean_n have_v possess_v the_o shore_n of_o holland_n near_o the_o village_n of_o the_o catti_n in_o a_o great_a space_n of_o land_n so_o that_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o british_a tower_n formerly_z a_o fortress_n or_o castle_n of_o the_o roman_n now_o lie_v inconspicuous_a be_v cover_v with_o water_n far_o from_o the_o shore_n in_o the_o sea_n the_o ocean_n have_v take_v from_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o island_n of_o ceilan_n the_o space_n of_o 20_o mile_n so_o that_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v far_o lesser_a than_o it_o be_v and_o there_o be_v many_o more_o example_n of_o the_o like_a kind_n corollary_n from_o hence_o we_o may_v collect_v that_o those_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o now_o the_o ocean_n be_v in_o time_n past_a be_v land_n and_o again_o shall_v be_v land_n to_o wit_n if_o that_o we_o do_v suppose_v that_o the_o earth_n have_v continue_v so_o many_o thousand_o year_n and_o shall_v yet_o continue_v concern_v this_o argument_n you_o may_v consult_v aristotle_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o meteor_n and_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n and_o stevinus_n in_o his_o geography_n if_o that_o you_o demand_v how_o the_o ocean_n shall_v occupy_v the_o place_n of_o mountain_n that_o then_o the_o mountain_n shall_v not_o be_v cover_v by_o the_o sea_n but_o shall_v then_o become_v either_o rock_n or_o island_n other_o earth_n be_v force_v unto_o they_o that_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o example_n of_o many_o island_n yea_o almost_o of_o all_o because_o that_o experience_n testify_v that_o almost_o all_o isle_n have_v mountain_n in_o the_o midst_n as_o ceilan_n sumatra_n java_n furthermore_o some_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o mountain_n as_o st._n helena_n ascension_n the_o hesperides_n and_o the_o like_a see_v therefore_o that_o those_o place_n of_o the_o ocean_n in_o which_o those_o isle_n lie_v in_o age_n to_o come_v shall_v be_v or_o already_o have_v be_v land_n than_o indeed_o the_o mountain_n of_o these_o isle_n shall_v be_v mountain_n of_o the_o continent_n proposition_n xviii_o whether_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v become_v dry_a or_o land_n or_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v all_o liquid_a or_o cover_v with_o water_n that_o the_o most_o part_n shall_v be_v of_o a_o earthy_a superficies_n at_o one_o time_n more_o than_o at_o another_o or_o that_o more_o shall_v be_v cover_v with_o water_n water_n of_o the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n whether_o it_o may_v become_v all_o land_n or_o all_o water_n 1._o that_o sometime_o the_o land_n shall_v possess_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n than_o at_o another_o also_o that_o which_o be_v a_o consequence_n to_o the_o former_a that_o water_n at_o one_o time_n shall_v possess_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n more_o than_o at_o another_o have_v be_v sufficient_o show_v in_o the_o second_o proposition_n of_o this_o chapter_n 2._o whether_o the_o water_n or_o ocean_n can_v cover_v the_o whole_a earth_n so_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o earth_n or_o island_n above_o it_o and_o so_o cause_v a_o universal_a stand_v unto_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o a_o mode_n may_v be_v conceive_v and_o explain_v by_o which_o it_o may_v natural_o be_v do_v but_o yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o compaction_n of_o the_o land_n and_o altitude_n of_o the_o mountain_n it_o be_v scarce_o probable_a that_o any_o such_o thing_n will_v be_v the_o mode_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v do_v be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o explain_v in_o the_o second_o proposition_n for_o if_o that_o the_o ocean_n continual_o eat_v the_o land_n from_o the_o shore_n and_o lay_v it_o down_o in_o the_o profound_a part_n of_o its_o channel_n and_o do_v this_o in_o a_o perpetual_a course_n of_o time_n than_o it_o shall_v take_v away_o all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o superficies_n or_o extant_a part_n and_o itself_o shall_v cover_v all_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o mountain_n shall_v either_o be_v make_v rock_n or_o shall_v by_o degree_n sink_v and_o fall_v their_o foundation_n be_v consume_v by_o the_o vehement_a force_n of_o the_o water_n but_o this_o may_v be_v do_v more_o easy_o if_o that_o we_o will_v follow_v their_o opinion_n who_o attribute_v a_o great_a height_n to_o the_o ocean_n than_o to_o the_o land_n but_o we_o have_v in_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n sufficient_o confute_v that_o opinion_n 3._o whether_o that_o the_o land_n can_v so_o occupy_v the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o all_o the_o water_n and_o the_o whole_a ocean_n may_v be_v contain_v in_o the_o cavern_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o in_o the_o subterraneous_a passage_n and_o cover_v by_o the_o earth_n unto_o this_o i_o answer_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a and_o that_o a_o mode_n may_v be_v conceive_v by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v do_v but_o yet_o scarce_o ever_o shall_v be_v now_o there_o be_v only_o one_o mode_n to_o be_v conceive_v viz._n that_o if_o now_o there_o be_v or_o may_v be_v so_o many_o cavity_n within_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o earth_n within_o the_o which_o the_o ocean_n may_v be_v contain_v for_o neither_o have_v it_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o any_o as_o hitherto_o that_o such_o cavity_n be_v not_o in_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v do_v 1._o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o 2._o by_o subterraneous_a wind_n proposition_n xix_o why_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n no_o island_n be_v find_v and_o no_o abundancy_n of_o isle_n but_o most_o at_o great_a continent_n or_o great_a island_n ocean_n no_o isle_n find_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o proposition_n we_o ought_v not_o to_o doubt_v for_o experience_n manifest_o prove_v it_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o vast_a pacifick_n ocean_n between_o africa_n and_o brasilia_n beside_o the_o isle_n of_o sancta_fw-la helena_n and_o that_o of_o the_o ascension_n few_o be_v find_v but_o about_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o continent_n or_o in_o the_o ocean_n not_o far_o from_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o great_a continent_n all_o island_n be_v those_o few_o only_o except_v which_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o this_o may_v especial_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o those_o numerous_a one_o that_o we_o term_v troop_n of_o isle_n which_o be_v all_o near_a the_o continent_n the_o troop_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o aegean_a sea_n adjoin_v to_o europe_n and_o asia_n the_o hesperide_n to_o africa_n the_o maldivian_n isle_n to_o india_n as_o also_o all_o the_o indian_a isle_n between_o asia_n and_o the_o south_n continent_n only_o the_o flandrian_a isle_n or_o azore_n seem_v to_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o ocean_n between_o the_o old_a world_n and_o america_n although_o that_o they_o be_v more_o near_o to_o that_o than_o to_o this_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o phenomenon_n or_o situation_n of_o the_o island_n without_o doubt_n be_v that_o they_o have_v a_o be_v from_o the_o irruption_n of_o the_o ocean_n into_o the_o continent_n by_o which_o violence_n the_o land_n of_o the_o continent_n be_v separate_v but_o because_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v not_o so_o great_a that_o it_o can_v cover_v all_o the_o land_n intercept_v thence_o here_o and_o there_o between_o the_o continent_n and_o at_o the_o continent_n troop_n of_o island_n do_v arise_v also_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v generate_v by_o another_o mode_n viz._n because_o the_o ocean_n can_v carry_v the_o land_n separate_v and_o cut_v off_o any_o long_a space_n with_o it_o but_o suffer_v they_o by_o degree_n to_o subside_v
either_o more_o thick_a or_o subtle_a than_o the_o former_a they_o be_v refract_v where_o they_o have_v enter_v at_o this_o other_o medium_fw-la or_o deflect_v from_o a_o strait_a direct_a course_n to_o the_o side_n the_o explication_n be_v easy_a from_o a_o vulgar_a experiment_n let_v any_o vessel_n be_v take_v and_o let_v a_o ball_n of_o gold_n or_o copper_n or_o gold_n money_n be_v affix_v to_o the_o bottom_n then_o depart_v back_o from_o the_o vessel_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o obstacle_n of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n you_o can_v no_o long_o see_v the_o money_n at_o the_o bottom_n then_o pour_v water_n into_o the_o vessel_n which_o be_v do_v you_o shall_v see_v again_o in_o the_o former_a distance_n the_o money_n at_o the_o bottom_n from_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o see_v no_o ray_n can_v direct_o come_v from_o the_o money_n to_o the_o eye_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o yet_o afterward_o the_o water_n be_v infuse_v the_o ray_n arrive_v at_o the_o eye_n it_o follow_v i_o say_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o ray_n proceed_v from_o the_o money_n where_o they_o enter_v into_o the_o air_n from_o the_o water_n do_v deflect_v or_o be_v refract_v from_o the_o direct_a way_n and_o be_v so_o refract_v they_o arrive_v at_o the_o eye_n it_o be_v call_v refraction_n by_o reason_n that_o for_o this_o cause_n a_o oar_n be_v partly_o in_o the_o water_n do_v appear_v refract_v or_o break_v scheme_n see_v scheme_n so_o let_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v t_o l_o the_o eye_n in_o the_o superficies_n let_v d_o r_o f_o p_o be_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n or_o air._n therefore_o no_o ray_n can_v direct_o arrive_v at_o the_o eye_n l_o because_o it_o be_v beneath_o l_o f_o g_o for_o other_o inferior_a ray_n will_v fall_v in_o on_o the_o tumour_n of_o the_o earth_n l_o o._n wherefore_o no_o star_n can_v appear_v in_o a_o direct_a ray_n until_o it_o come_v to_o the_o horizontal_n line_n l_o f_o g_o and_o the_o star_n appear_v before_o viz._n whilst_o that_o they_o be_v yet_o beneath_o l_o g_o for_o example_n in_o s_n and_o yet_o from_o s_n to_o the_o eye_n l_o no_o ray_n can_v direct_o come_v because_o that_o it_o shall_v first_o fall_v on_o l_o o._n therefore_o of_o necessity_n the_o ray_n which_o come_v from_o the_o star_n s_o to_o the_o eye_n l_o be_v not_o a_o direct_a but_o a_o refracted_a ray_n viz._n l_o f_o which_o refracted_a ray_n be_v propogate_v from_o the_o incident_a ray_n s_o f_o to_o wit_n s_o f_o falling_z from_o the_o aether_n on_o the_o more_o thick_a medium_fw-la viz._n the_o atmosphere_n in_o f_o be_v refract_v and_o become_v f_o l_o when_o that_o it_o be_v direct_v in_o n_z and_o so_o the_o star_n appear_v before_o that_o it_o can_v true_o appear_v by_o a_o direct_a ray_n that_o be_v before_o that_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o horizontal_n line_n l_o f_o g._n so_o a_o star_n be_v in_o s_n be_v not_o see_v by_o the_o direct_a ray_n s_o l_o but_o by_o the_o 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shall_v be_v refract_v f_o t_n that_o of_o f_o n_z may_v be_v make_v f_o l._n so_o of_o r_o m_o be_v make_v r_o l_o but_o the_o contrary_n be_v when_o that_o the_o ray_n proceed_v from_o the_o water_n to_o the_o air_n for_o than_o they_o more_o recede_v from_o the_o perpendicular_a line_n draw_v last_o this_o also_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o refraction_n that_o the_o ray_n fall_v in_o perpendicular_o on_o the_o superficies_n of_o another_o medium_n be_v not_o refract_v but_o only_o those_o that_o fall_v oblique_o and_o not_o perpendicular_o and_o by_o so_o much_o they_o be_v the_o more_o refract_v by_o how_o much_o they_o fall_v in_o the_o less_o perpendicular_o or_o by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o they_o depart_v from_o the_o perpendicular_a so_o the_o ray_n s_o t_n f_o t_o h_o d_o t_o be_v not_o refract_v because_o that_o they_o be_v perpendicular_a on_o the_o superficies_n d_o r_o f_o p_o but_o the_o ray_n s_o f_o s_o r_o be_v refract_v because_o that_o they_o fall_v oblique_o and_o indeed_o s_n f_z more_o than_o s_n r._n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v which_o experience_n also_o testify_v that_o by_o how_o much_o the_o star_n be_v more_o near_o the_o horizon_n by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o they_o refract_v their_o ray_n by_o how_o much_o the_o high_a by_o so_o much_o the_o less_o and_o astronomer_n have_v observe_v that_o the_o refraction_n be_v insensible_a where_o the_o star_n have_v attain_v the_o altitude_n of_o 20_o degree_n not_o that_o there_o be_v no_o refraction_n but_o that_o it_o be_v very_o small_a and_o for_o many_o example_n the_o skilful_a in_o the_o optic_n and_o late_a mathematician_n have_v derive_v the_o rule_n of_o refraction_n of_o all_o ray_n fall_v in_o oblique_o viz._n that_o in_o every_o medium_n there_o be_v one_o constant_a account_n between_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n fall_v in_o and_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n refract_v to_o wit_n the_o angle_n n_z f_o t_n be_v term_v the_o angle_n of_o incidency_n l_o f_o t_o the_o angle_n refract_v n_z f_o l_o the_o angle_n of_o refraction_n and_o so_o in_o the_o refraction_n of_o the_o ray_n s_o r_o m._n therefore_o as_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n t_o f_o n_z be_v to_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n t_o f_o l_o the_o same_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n t_o r_o m_o to_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o angle_n t_o r_o l._n thence_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o from_o observation_n we_o have_v the_o quantity_n of_o refraction_n to_o the_o elevation_n of_o one_o ray_n we_o may_v thence_o know_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o refraction_n of_o all_o other_o howsoever_o elevate_v proposition_n xxii_o the_o atmosphere_n or_o air_n cause_v the_o sun_n or_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o star_n to_o be_v see_v before_o that_o they_o arise_v in_o the_o horizon_n also_o to_o appear_v for_o some_o small_a space_n of_o time_n after_o that_o they_o have_v set_v also_o that_o they_o appear_v high_a than_o they_o be_v and_o in_o another_o place_n of_o the_o heaven_n as_o 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the_o horizon_n and_o the_o sun_n seem_v to_o arise_v when_o that_o as_o yet_o he_o be_v depress_v about_o 34_o minute_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n to_o wit_n the_o air_n of_o the_o place_n where_o we_o be_v be_v serene_a so_o the_o spica_fw-la virgin_n a_o bright_a star_n seem_v to_o rise_v to_o we_o when_o that_o yet_o he_o be_v depress_v 32_o minute_n beneath_o the_o horizon_n which_o be_v thence_o collect_v because_o be_v seem_v to_o arise_v when_o the_o cauda_fw-la leonis_fw-la be_v 34_o degree_n 30_o minute_n high_a and_o in_o the_o same_o quarter_n in_o which_o this_o star_n of_o the_o
be_v say_v to_o be_v like_a unto_o it_o then_o after_o a_o while_n the_o cloud_n augment_v and_o extend_v itself_o over_o the_o whole_a plain_a of_o the_o mountain_n then_o on_o a_o sudden_a a_o ecnephias_n break_v forth_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n with_o so_o great_a violence_n that_o it_o oversetteth_a and_o send_v to_o the_o bottom_n ship_n that_o be_v unprovided_a and_o not_o well_o strengthen_v but_o seaman_n be_v now_o more_o cautious_a when_o that_o they_o once_o discover_v that_o bull_n or_o oxes-eye_n present_o depart_v from_o the_o shoar_n as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v and_o then_o furl_v their_o sail_n and_o use_v other_o artifices_fw-la to_o preserve_v their_o ship_n neither_o do_v this_o prognostic_n ever_o fail_v therefore_o they_o fly_v this_o deadly_a banquet_n after_o the_o same_o mode_n a_o ecnephias_n rage_v at_o terra_fw-la de_fw-la nata_fw-la the_o bulls-eye_n fore-runing_a it_o by_o which_o many_o ship_n have_v be_v cast_v away_o and_o so_o it_o be_v also_o in_o that_o whole_a tract_n between_o that_o and_z and_o the_o promontory_n of_o good-hope_a in_o dauphin_n in_o france_n not_o far_o from_o vienna_n be_v a_o high_a mountain_n on_o the_o top_n of_o which_o be_v a_o standing-pool_n from_o whence_o all_o tempest_n seem_v to_o arise_v in_o these_o place_n on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v procreate_v a_o cloudy_a exhalation_n which_o foreshow_v immediate_o thunder_n or_o storm_n to_o succeed_v in_o the_o sea_n between_o america_n and_o africa_n and_o near_o the_o aequator_fw-la such_o ecnephiae_fw-la and_o travado_n be_v frequent_a especial_o in_o those_o month_n in_o which_o no_o wind_n blow_v constant_o or_o if_o they_o do_v it_o be_v very_o seldom_o viz._n throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n especial_o in_o april_n may_n and_o june_n in_o other_o month_n it_o be_v more_o rare_a and_o they_o be_v very_o observable_a on_o the_o coast_n of_o guinea_n the_o portugal_n as_o i_o have_v say_v call_v they_o travado_n which_o word_n also_o the_o dutch_a keep_v but_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o guinea_n call_v they_o agremonte_n they_o often_o happen_v viz._n three_o or_o four_o time_n in_o a_o day_n by_o and_o by_o they_o cease_v for_o they_o continue_v for_o the_o most_o part_n above_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a but_o the_o first_o shock_n be_v very_o violent_a they_o break_v out_o of_o black_a and_o dusty_a cloud_n the_o sky_n be_v clear_a at_o hand_n by_o their_o assistance_n seaman_n oftentimes_o pass_v the_o aequator_fw-la because_o that_o other_o continual_a wind_n be_v often_o want_v there_o especial_o in_o those_o three_o month_n neither_o do_v they_o hinder_v ship_n to_o sail_n except_o at_o the_o first_o onset_n but_o in_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v near_o to_o that_o part_n of_o africa_n in_o which_o the_o kingdom_n of_o loango_n be_v situate_v there_o be_v a_o frequent_a ecnephias_n in_o january_n february_n march_n and_o april_n so_o on_o the_o promontory_n of_o africa_n call_v by_o the_o ancient_n aromata_n and_o now_o guardafu_n not_o far_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n in_o may_n every_o year_n the_o northwind_n rage_v and_o a_o most_o violent_a ecnephias_n for_o you_o must_v know_v that_o as_o some_o anniversary_n wind_n be_v less_o violent_a so_o also_o tempest_n and_o ecnephiae_fw-la be_v anniversary_n in_o some_o place_n in_o such_o a_o ecnephias_n not_o far_o from_o that_o place_n the_o portugal_n admiral_n sodrens_n be_v lose_v anno_fw-la 1505_o who_o be_v forewarn_v by_o the_o african_n will_v not_o follow_v good_a advice_n but_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o this_o arabian_a sea_n as_o also_o in_o arabia_n and_o aethiopia_n a_o peculiar_a and_o wonderful_a ecnephias_n do_v somewhat_o happen_v viz._n a_o thick_a and_o black_a cloud_n mix_v with_o nubicular_a flame_n like_v to_o a_o burn_a furnace_n dismal_a to_o behold_v cloud_v the_o day_n in_o darkness_n of_o a_o instant_n a_o storm_n break_v forth_o the_o rage_n or_o which_o be_v by_o and_o by_o pacify_v but_o it_o cast_v forth_o red_a sand_n in_o great_a abundance_n on_o the_o land_n and_o sea_n so_o that_o the_o arabian_n say_v that_o it_o have_v often_o happen_v that_o such_o storm_n of_o sand_n have_v overwhelm_v the_o annual_a company_n of_o merchant_n and_o traveller_n with_o their_o camel_n they_o term_v they_o carawanen_n caravan_n or_o cassila_n viz._n every_o year_n once_o or_o twice_o merchant_n be_v meet_v together_o from_o divers_a part_n of_o asia_n in_o syria_n go_v from_o aleppo_n into_o arabia_n about_o six_o thousand_o person_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o wont_a robbery_n of_o the_o arabian_n and_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o way_n cause_v they_o to_o fear_v to_o travel_v alone_o which_o also_o they_o do_v from_o india_n to_o china_n and_o tartary_n and_o thence_o they_o say_v that_o the_o mumia_fw-la of_o the_o arabian_n and_o egyptian_n have_v its_o original_n viz._n those_o body_n cover_v with_o the_o drift_n of_o sand_n are-dried_n up_o by_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n now_o this_o ecnephias_n arise_v from_o the_o northern_a quarter_n into_o which_o the_o red-sea_n be_v extend_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o see_v so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o this_o sand_n be_v sound_a on_o the_o shore_n of_o this_o sea_n that_o it_o be_v raise_v aloft_o by_o the_o wind_n and_o that_o thence_o that_o red_a colour_n be_v see_v in_o the_o cloud_n and_o thence_o also_o the_o sand_n be_v eject_v from_o the_o cloud_n that_o such_o a_o ecnephias_n arise_v in_o lybia_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o sand_n be_v not_o improbable_a and_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n know_v to_o the_o ancient_n who_o therefore_o write_v that_o the_o access_n to_o the_o famous_a temple_n of_o jupiter_n ammon_n in_o lybia_n be_v difficult_a neither_o be_v they_o altogether_o ignorant_a of_o the_o generation_n of_o mumia_fw-la twistius_n a_o dutchman_n that_o live_v a_o long_a time_n in_o india_n say_v that_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o guzurat_a cloud_n of_o sand_n or_o a_o huge_a quantity_n of_o dust_n that_o be_v elevate_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v oftentimes_o overwhelm_v the_o traveller_n now_o we_o must_v speak_v of_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o tempestuous_a wind_n whence_o the_o ecnephias_n proceed_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o break_v forth_o of_o a_o cloud_n now_o there_o be_v two_o modes_n by_o which_o such_o a_o wind_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v generate_v from_o a_o cloud_n 1._o if_o that_o a_o cloud_n tend_v downward_o by_o its_o gravity_n strike_v the_o air_n with_o a_o great_a force_n as_o we_o discover_v by_o experience_n if_o that_o stretch_v forth_o sail_n fall_v the_o air_n be_v move_v with_o a_o impetus_fw-la and_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o by_o how_o much_o the_o cloud_n or_o bulls-eye_n appear_v less_o by_o so_o much_o the_o storm_n be_v the_o great_a that_o follow_v viz._n because_o that_o the_o cloud_n be_v more_o high_a and_o therefore_o appear_v small_a and_o descend_v down_o from_o a_o high_a place_n it_o more_o vehement_o strike_v the_o air_n the_o other_o be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o generation_n if_o that_o the_o wind_n include_v in_o the_o cloud_n break_v forth_o sudden_o or_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o fire_n or_o sulphureous_a matter_n the_o way_n be_v render_v straight_o and_o other_o outlet_n be_v restrain_v the_o vapour_n strike_v as_o from_o a_o vessel_n of_o a_o narrow_a mouth_n contain_v water_n if_o that_o it_o be_v heap_v the_o wind_n break_v forth_o but_o the_o first_o cause_n seem_v more_o probable_a proposition_n xi_o a_o exhydrias_n be_v a_o wind_n break_v from_o a_o cloud_n with_o great_a abundance_n of_o water_n exhydrias_n a_o wind_n call_v a_o exhydrias_n it_o be_v little_a different_a from_o a_o ecnephias_n but_o that_o the_o cloud_n from_o whence_o it_o seem_v to_o break_v be_v now_o condense_a into_o water_n and_o so_o long_o uphold_v by_o other_o circumstantial_a cloud_n and_o peradventure_o force_v into_o one_o by_o the_o wind_n until_o by_o its_o ponderosity_n it_o rush_v downward_o and_o strike_v the_o air_n whence_o a_o great_a wind_n proceed_v but_o these_o exhydrias_n be_v very_o rare_a yet_o the_o ecnephias_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n ra_n shower_n or_o thick_a cloud_n accompany_v he_o and_o therefore_o only_o differ_v from_o the_o exhydrias_n according_a to_o the_o more_o or_o the_o less_o for_o a_o nimbus_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o wind_n with_o a_o violent_a rain_n and_o therefore_o be_v more_o general_a than_o a_o ecnephias_n but_o a_o exhydrias_n oftentimes_o fall_v perpendicular_o from_o the_o top_n proposition_n xii_o a_o typhon_n be_v a_o violent_a wind_n pass_v swift_o through_o all_o the_o quarter_n about_o a_o place_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n rush_v from_o the_o top_n typhon_n a_o wind_n call_v a_o typhon_n the_o saracen_n call_v it_o olifant_n the_o
testify_v contrariwise_o in_o the_o month_n of_o october_n november_n and_o december_n it_o shall_v be_v winter_n because_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v about_o the_o beginning_n and_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n be_v most_o remote_a from_o the_o vertex_fw-la of_o those_o place_n here_o therefore_o the_o time_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a season_n do_v much_o differ_v from_o the_o celestial_a season_n the_o cause_n therefore_o of_o these_o rain_n storm_n and_o thunder_n at_o that_o time_n in_o those_o place_n when_o the_o sun_n be_v so_o near_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o be_v explicate_v but_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o day_n time_n force_v up_o many_o vapour_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o sulphureous_a exhalation_n from_o the_o land_n of_o guiny_n which_o vapour_n be_v condense_v by_o the_o cool_a of_o the_o night_n cause_n the_o rain_n especial_o when_o no_o continual_a wind_n blow_v in_o these_o place_n which_o may_v discuss_v the_o vapour_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n here_o be_v a_o calm_a some_o storm_n except_v and_o these_o month_n of_o rain_n which_o they_o attribute_v to_o winter_n be_v not_o cold_a but_o hot_a because_o no_o wind_n blow_v and_o the_o sun_n be_v vertical_a yea_o the_o heat_n be_v suffocative_a which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o shortness_n of_o respiration_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o although_o the_o field_n be_v barren_a of_o grain_n in_o these_o watery_a month_n yet_o the_o tree_n and_o bush_n be_v in_o their_o verdure_n all_o the_o year_n and_o bear_v fruit._n the_o day_n be_v here_o equal_a to_o the_o night_n almost_o throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n the_o sun_n in_o the_o east_n rise_v at_o six_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o set_v in_o the_o west_n at_o six_o in_o the_o evening_n but_o the_o easterly_a or_o westerly_a sun_n be_v seldom_o conspicuous_a there_o because_o for_o the_o most_o part_n he_o arise_v involve_v with_o cloud_n for_o half_a a_o hour_n and_o half_a a_o hour_n before_o he_o set_v he_o be_v again_o envelop_v with_o cloud_n that_o also_o deserve_v consideration_n why_o in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n and_o august_n the_o same_o rain_n and_o storm_n rage_v not_o there_o see_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v then_o as_o equal_o nigh_o to_o those_o place_n as_o in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n and_o june_n moreover_o why_o in_o the_o island_n of_o the_o hesperide_n which_o be_v not_o so_o far_o remove_v from_o sierra_n leon_n and_o guiny_n the_o winter_n fall_v out_o in_o contrary_a month_n 3._o how_o the_o time_n of_o the_o season_n be_v in_o the_o interior_a or_o mediterranean_a part_n of_o africa_n which_o be_v include_v in_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n the_o region_n of_o the_o occidental_a shore_n and_o guiny_n or_o the_o land_n of_o the_o negro_n concern_v which_o i_o have_v find_v nothing_o as_o yet_o note_v but_o that_o all_o those_o place_n be_v almost_o sterile_a except_o those_o adjacent_a to_o the_o river_n niger_n for_o that_o river_n every_o year_n in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n july_n and_o august_n overflow_v and_o communicate_v much_o fertility_n to_o those_o land_n and_o moreover_o form_v many_o lake_n the_o other_o place_n confine_v on_o lybia_n be_v infest_a with_o violent_a heat_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n sandy_n the_o watery_a month_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o bear_v sway_n here_o after_o the_o same_o mode_n as_o in_o guiny_n 4._o now_o follow_v the_o region_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o tongue_n of_o africa_n which_o be_v stretch_v from_o the_o north_n towards_o the_o south_n and_o regard_v the_o west_n the_o region_n be_v manicongo_n angola_n and_o the_o like_a from_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n even_o to_o the_o tropic_a south_n of_o capricorn_n beyond_o the_o aequator_fw-la now_o the_o kingdom_n of_o congo_n begin_v from_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o south_n latitude_n the_o winter_n in_o these_o place_n be_v like_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o vernal_a season_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o rome_n in_o italy_n the_o heat_n temperate_a so_o that_o they_o alter_v their_o garment_n in_o no_o time_n of_o the_o year_n neither_o be_v the_o top_n of_o the_o adjacent_a mountain_n infest_a with_o cold_a here_o almost_o with_o our_o spring_n the_o watery_a winter_n begin_v and_o continue_v april_n may_n june_n july_n august_n and_o good_a part_n of_o september_n at_o that_o time_n the_o summer_n begin_v which_o possess_v the_o other_o month_n even_o to_o the_o 10_o of_o march_n even_o in_o this_o summer_n they_o have_v no_o rain_n or_o at_o least_o very_a little_a and_o seldom_o have_v a_o continual_a serenity_n but_o in_o the_o watery_a month_n the_o sun_n be_v scarce_o to_o be_v see_v on_o any_o day_n perpetual_a cloud_n and_o rain_n so_o obstruct_v the_o air_n also_o frequent_a travado_n or_o storm_n it_o do_v not_o rain_v whole_a day_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n hour_n before_o and_o two_o hour_n after_o noon_n great_a drop_n fall_v which_o be_v soon_o receive_v by_o the_o droughty_a earth_n therefore_o although_o the_o inhabitant_n divide_v the_o year_n only_o into_o two_o part_n it_o may_v be_v distribute_v into_o four_o our_o common_a people_n also_o do_v usual_o divide_v the_o year_n into_o summer_n and_o winter_n because_o the_o spring_n be_v comprise_v in_o the_o summer_n and_o the_o autumn_n in_o the_o winter_n these_o time_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a season_n in_o these_o place_n almost_o agree_v with_o the_o celestial_a course_n for_o from_o the_o 25_o of_o march_n april_n may_n june_n july_n august_n to_o the_o 25_o of_o september_n the_o sun_n depart_v from_o those_o place_n to_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n where_o he_o be_v most_o remote_a from_o they_o the_o 21_o of_o june_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o time_n he_o approach_v again_o to_o they_o so_o that_o on_o the_o 30_o of_o september_n he_o become_v vertical_a to_o they_o and_o go_v to_o a_o moderate_a distance_n towards_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n and_o return_v from_o thence_o in_o the_o month_n of_o october_n november_n december_n january_n and_o february_n so_o that_o in_o march_n he_o again_o become_v vertical_a therefore_o in_o those_o month_n they_o have_v a_o summer_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o sun_n who_o effect_n be_v not_o here_o hinder_v by_o a_o terestrial_a cause_n and_o then_o again_o in_o the_o month_n from_o the_o 10_o of_o march_n to_o the_o 10_o of_o september_n they_o have_v winter_n because_o then_o the_o sun_n be_v more_o remove_v from_o they_o but_o the_o time_n of_o the_o spring_n autumn_n summer_n and_o winter_n which_o we_o have_v assign_v do_v not_o well_o agree_v with_o the_o celestial_a course_n and_o i_o doubt_v whether_o the_o summer_n and_o winter_n may_v be_v distinguish_v into_o the_o spring_n and_o autumn_n in_o those_o place_n therefore_o here_o a_o more_o easy_a cause_n may_v be_v render_v why_o in_o those_o month_n from_o the_o 10_o of_o march_n to_o the_o 10_o of_o september_n they_o shall_v have_v a_o quotidian_a rain_n and_o some_o kind_n of_o winter_n viz._n because_o the_o sun_n depart_v from_o their_o vertex_fw-la towards_o the_o place_n of_o the_o great_a distance_n but_o this_o cause_n be_v not_o only_o sufficient_a because_o it_o be_v not_o able_a of_o its_o self_n to_o produce_v such_o a_o effect_n but_o another_o must_v be_v add_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n which_o lie_v not_o far_o from_o these_o maritime_a place_n towards_o the_o east_n be_v discern_v in_o those_o watery_a month_n to_o be_v continual_o cover_v with_o snow_n wind._n the_o wind_n be_v the_o northwest_n wind._n and_o this_o be_v cause_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o fix_a wind_n which_o in_o these_o month_n there_o blow_v therefore_o the_o sun_n elevate_v the_o vapour_n very_o much_o from_o the_o sea_n and_o this_o fix_a wind_n force_v they_o towards_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n where_o they_o be_v condense_v and_o then_o turn_v to_o rain_v and_o from_o the_o rain_n which_o fall_v from_o the_o mountain_n spring_v the_o inundation_n of_o the_o nile_n and_o other_o river_n of_o africa_n moreover_o we_o must_v know_v that_o in_o these_o watery_a month_n the_o river_n of_o congo_n overflow_v the_o adjacent_a field_n which_o cause_v great_a fertility_n in_o they_o and_o also_o disgorge_v great_a quantity_n of_o water_n into_o the_o sea_n 5._o in_o the_o maritime_a region_n lowango_n adjacent_a to_o congo_n there_o be_v also_o observe_v to_o be_v rainy_n month_n and_o other_o month_n of_o summer_n that_o be_v serene_a but_o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v admire_v be_v that_o they_o be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o those_o in_o which_o we_o say_v the_o rain_n do_v wax_n vigorous_a in_o the_o month_n of_o january_n february_n march_n and_o april_n when_o yet_o it_o be_v summer_n and_o a_o serene_a air_n in_o january_n and_o
above_o almost_o make_v up_o and_o moderate_v they_o to_o wit_n in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o northern_a temperate_a zone_n it_o be_v spring_n and_o summer_n the_o sun_n go_v from_o aries_n by_o cancer_n to_o libra_n because_o than_o he_o be_v more_o near_o they_o then_o the_o sun_n go_v from_o libra_n through_o capricorn_n to_o aries_n it_o be_v autumn_n and_o winter_n but_o in_o the_o southern_a temperate_a zone_n the_o matter_n be_v contrary_a neither_o can_v those_o other_o cause_n altogether_o disable_v the_o force_n of_o this_o first_o and_o induce_v a_o new_a course_n of_o the_o season_n and_o be_v able_a to_o alter_v the_o time_n as_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n 2._o yet_o those_o season_n of_o divers_a place_n vary_v so_o that_o in_o one_o place_n there_o may_v be_v more_o heat_n or_o cold_a or_o rain_v than_o in_o another_o although_o the_o place_n lie_v in_o the_o same_o climate_n but_o yet_o they_o cause_v not_o the_o winter_n to_o be_v change_v into_o summer_n or_o summer_n into_o winter_n a_o rocky_a marshish_n and_o maritime_a land_n find_v somewhat_o another_o degree_n of_o heat_n or_o cold_a than_o valley_n or_o a_o chalk_n and_o maritime_a land_n 3._o the_o place_n in_o the_o tropic_n for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o summer_n have_v a_o excessive_a heat_n other_o a_o pluvial_a season_n so_o that_o they_o almost_o approach_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n of_o the_o torrid_a zone_n so_o in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o guzarat_n lie_v without_o the_o tropic_a at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o wet_a and_o dry_a month_n be_v observe_v which_o in_o the_o part_n lie_v beyond_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o summer_n be_v change_v into_o a_o pluvial_a season_n yet_o then_o there_o be_v great_a heat_n than_o the_o dry_a part_n of_o the_o year_n where_o they_o have_v a_o moderate_a cold_a and_o in_o truth_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n we_o judge_v the_o summer_n and_o winter_n not_o from_o the_o drought_n and_o rain_n but_o from_o the_o heat_n and_o cold_a now_o in_o the_o coast_n of_o persia_n and_o ormus_n there_o be_v so_o great_a heat_n without_o rain_n in_o the_o summer_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o sun_n rhat_o both_o the_o man_n and_o their_o wife_n lie_v in_o cistern_n full_a of_o water_n the_o like_a heat_n be_v in_o arabia_n barbary_n the_o region_n of_o africa_n on_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n be_v call_v the_o coast_n of_o barbary_n throughout_o all_o barbary_n the_o middle_a of_o october_n be_v past_a shower_n and_o cold_n begin_v to_o increase_v and_o in_o december_n and_o january_n the_o cold_a be_v perceive_v more_o intense_a and_o that_o only_a in_o the_o morning_n and_o withal_o so_o remiss_a that_o the_o fire_n be_v not_o desire_v february_n take_v away_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o cold_a from_o the_o winter_n but_o yet_o it_o be_v so_o inconstant_a that_o sometime_o 5_o or_o 6_o time_n in_o one_o day_n the_o air_n change_v in_o the_o month_n of_o march_n the_o north_n and_o west_n wind_n blow_v violent_o and_o cause_v whole_a tree_n to_o be_v vest_v with_o blossom_n april_n give_v form_n almost_o to_o all_o fruit_n so_o that_o the_o entrance_n of_o may_n and_o the_o end_n of_o april_n be_v wont_v natural_o to_o produce_v cherry_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o may_v they_o gather_v fig_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o june_n in_o some_o place_n be_v ripe_a grape_n barbary_n of_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n of_o barbary_n the_o fig_n or_o autumn_n be_v gather_v in_o august_n and_o there_o be_v no_o great_a plenty_n of_o fig_n and_o pear_n than_o in_o september_n there_o be_v not_o so_o great_a intempery_n of_o the_o year_n in_o those_o place_n but_o that_o the_o three_o month_n of_o the_o spring_n be_v always_o temperate_a the_o entrance_n of_o the_o spring_n that_o be_v the_o terrestrial_a not_o the_o celestial_a be_v as_o they_o reckon_v on_o the_o 15_o of_o february_n and_o the_o end_n the_o 18_o of_o may_n in_o all_o which_o time_n the_o air_n be_v most_o grateful_a to_o they_o if_o from_o the_o 25_o of_o april_n to_o the_o 5_o of_o may_v they_o have_v no_o rain_n they_o esteem_v the_o same_o as_o ominous_a they_o count_v their_o summer_n even_o to_o the_o 16_o of_o august_n at_o which_o time_n they_o have_v a_o very_a hot_a and_o serene_a air._n their_o autumn_n from_o the_o 17_o of_o august_n to_o the_o 16_o of_o november_n and_o they_o have_v that_o for_o two_o month_n to_o wit_n august_n and_o september_n yet_o not_o great_a that_o which_o be_v include_v between_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n and_o the_o 15_o of_o september_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v term_v by_o the_o ancient_n the_o furnace_n of_o the_o whole_a year_n and_o that_o because_o it_o produce_v fig_n pear_n and_o that_o kind_a of_o fruit_n to_o maturity_n from_o the_o 15_o of_o november_n they_o reckon_v their_o winter_n which_o they_o extend_v to_o the_o 14_o of_o february_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o they_o begin_v to_o till_o their_o land_n which_o be_v the_o plain_a but_o the_o mountainous_a in_o the_o month_n of_o october_n the_o african_n have_v a_o certain_a persuasion_n that_o the_o year_n have_v 40_o very_a hot_a day_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n so_o many_o cold_a arabian_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o arabian_n day_n which_o they_o say_v begin_v from_o the_o 12_o of_o december_n they_o begin_v the_o aequinox_n on_o the_o 16_o of_o march_n and_o on_o the_o 16_o of_o september_n their_o solstice_n on_o the_o 16_o of_o june_n and_o the_o 16_o of_o december_n the_o end_n of_o their_o autumn_n all_o their_o winter_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o their_o spring_n be_v full_a of_o violent_a wind_n accompanied_z with_o hail_o lightning_n and_o dreadful_a thunder_n neither_o be_v there_o want_v in_o many_o place_n of_o barbary_n a_o abundance_n of_o snow_n in_o mount_n atlas_n 7_o degree_n distant_a from_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n they_o divide_v the_o year_n only_o into_o two_o part_n for_o from_o october_n even_o to_o april_n they_o have_v a_o continual_a winter_n and_o from_o april_n again_o to_o october_n they_o have_v summer_n in_o this_o there_o be_v no_o day_n in_o which_o the_o mountain_n top_n glitter_v with_o snow_n numidia_n the_o season_n of_o numidia_n in_o numidia_n the_o part_n of_o the_o year_n swift_o pass_v away_o for_o in_o may_v they_o reap_v their_o corn_n in_o october_n they_o gather_v their_o date_n but_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o september_n to_o january_n a_o violent_a frost_n continue_v october_n abstain_v from_o rains_n all_o hope_n of_o sow_v be_v take_v from_o the_o husbandman_n the_o same_o happen_v if_o that_o april_n produce_v not_o pluvial_a water_n leo_fw-la astricanus_fw-la remember_v many_o mountain_n of_o snow_n in_o africa_n not_o far_o from_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n china_n of_o china_n the_o north_n part_n of_o china_n although_o no_o more_o remote_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la than_o italy_n yet_o it_o have_v a_o cold_a more_o sharp_a for_o great_a river_n and_o lake_n be_v congeal_v up_o with_o frost_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o be_v not_o yet_o sufficient_o know_v except_o we_o shall_v refer_v it_o to_o the_o snowy_a mountain_n of_o tartary_n not_o far_o remote_a to_o the_o avoid_n of_o which_o cold_a they_o abound_v with_o the_o skin_n of_o fox_n and_o scythilian_a rat_n england_n new_a england_n new_a england_n although_o it_o lie_v in_o 42_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n and_o therefore_o no_o more_o remove_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la than_o italy_n yet_o in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n when_o sir_n francis_n drake_n be_v there_o the_o air_n be_v so_o vehement_a cold_n that_o he_o be_v compel_v to_o sail_v back_o to_o the_o south_n for_o the_o mountain_n be_v then_o cover_v with_o snow_n the_o cause_n be_v the_o frigid_a temperature_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v stony_n egypt_n the_o season_n of_o egypt_n in_o egypt_n which_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n the_o spring_n and_o temperate_a season_n of_o the_o year_n be_v observe_v about_o january_n and_o february_n the_o summer_n begin_v with_o march_n and_o april_n and_o continue_v june_n july_n and_o august_n the_o autumn_n possess_v september_n and_o october_n the_o winter_n have_v november_n and_o december_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o april_n they_o reap_v their_o corn_n and_o present_o thresh_v it_o after_o the_o 20_o of_o may_v not_o a_o ear_n of_o corn_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o field_n no_o fruit_n on_o the_o tree_n on_o the_o ides_n of_o june_n the_o inundation_n of_o the_o nilus_n begin_v magellan_n the_o season_n in_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n in_o the_o strait_n of_o magellan_n and_o the_o adjacent_a region_n although_o they_o be_v no_o more_o distant_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la than_o our_o part_n
circle_n and_o 180_o deg_fw-la make_v 2700_o german_a mile_n wherefore_o no_o place_n be_v distant_a more_o than_o 2700_o german_a mile_n but_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o itinerary_a distance_n be_v otherwise_o proposition_n v._o the_o distance_n of_o the_o antipode_n be_v 2700_o german_a mile_n or_o 180_o degree_n antipode_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o antipode_n the_o short_a distance_n among_o the_o antipode_n be_v not_o one_o but_o infinite_a and_o those_o all_o equal_a although_o to_o speak_v proper_o they_o can_v be_v call_v the_o short_a distance_n but_o those_o than_o which_o none_o be_v short_a the_o circular_a distance_n among_o the_o antipode_n be_v all_o great_a periphery_n no_o lesser_a of_o which_o between_o other_o place_n there_o be_v infinite_a which_o be_v not_o oppose_v to_o the_o diameter_n a_o periphery_n pass_v through_o two_o place_n also_o pass_v through_o the_o antipode_n of_o these_o place_n the_o distance_n of_o any_o place_n of_o the_o two_o which_o belong_v 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turn_v into_o degree_n which_o degree_n must_v he_o number_v on_o the_o quadrant_n from_o the_o vertical_a point_n let_v the_o term_n of_o the_o numeration_n be_v note_v with_o chalk_n then_o let_v the_o quadrant_n be_v bring_v round_o on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o globe_n the_o note_a point_n will_v show_v all_o the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o have_v the_o give_v distance_n from_o the_o give_v place_n or_o let_v the_o deg_fw-la of_o the_o change_a distance_n be_v take_v on_o the_o aequator_fw-la by_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o compass_n and_o one_o foot_n fix_v on_o the_o give_a place_n let_v the_o other_o be_v bring_v round_o the_o place_n through_o which_o it_o pass_v be_v those_o demand_v but_o if_o the_o deg_fw-la arise_v from_o the_o change_a distance_n be_v more_o than_o 90_o that_o be_v than_o a_o quadrant_n let_v their_o compliment_n be_v take_v at_o 180_o and_o let_v the_o place_n of_o the_o antipode_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o superior_a semicircle_n of_o the_o 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water_n in_o general_n if_o you_o mean_v land_n voyages_n 4._o in_o sea_n voyages_n the_o procurrent_a land_n and_o island_n hinder_v the_o direct_a voyage_n 5._o peculiar_a flux_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o 6._o the_o wind_n but_o some_o may_v demand_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o there_o may_v be_v place_n who_o itinerary_a distance_n be_v lesser_a than_o the_o most_o short_a geographical_a to_o this_o i_o answer_v although_o to_o sense_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v spherical_a yet_o i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o first_o book_n that_o this_o figure_n be_v not_o altogether_o geometrical_a but_o be_v render_v unequal_a by_o many_o place_n elevate_v and_o depress_v therefore_o if_o we_o conceive_v a_o certain_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o superficies_n from_o the_o centre_n for_o example_n the_o vulgar_a semidiamiter_n of_o 860_o mile_n in_o respect_n of_o which_o place_n be_v to_o be_v take_v elevate_v or_o depress_v this_o be_v suppose_v i_o say_v there_o may_v be_v two_o place_n so_o situate_v that_o the_o itinerary_a distance_n may_v be_v lesser_a than_o the_o short_a geographical_a which_o be_v remove_v 860_o mile_n from_o the_o centre_n but_o the_o intermedial_a place_n must_v be_v more_o depress_v proposition_n viii_o to_o find_v out_o the_o distance_n of_o two_o place_n give_v on_o the_o globe_n as_o also_o in_o geographical_a map_n globe_n the_o find_v out_o the_o distance_n of_o two_o place_n give_v on_o the_o globe_n let_v one_o of_o the_o give_v place_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n let_v the_o quadrant_n be_v affix_v to_o the_o vertex_fw-la and_o let_v it_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o other_o give_v place_n then_o let_v the_o degree_n intercept_v between_o the_o vertex_fw-la and_o this_o place_n be_v number_v let_v these_o degree_n be_v turn_v into_o mile_n or_o another_o measure_n in_o which_o we_o will_v know_v the_o distance_n of_o those_o place_n this_o shall_v be_v that_o demand_v or_o let_v the_o interval_n of_o two_o place_n be_v take_v with_o the_o compass_n and_o this_o be_v translate_v to_o the_o aequator_fw-la let_v it_o be_v consider_v how_o many_o degree_n it_o possess_v in_o this_o for_o these_o be_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n which_o we_o must_v convert_v into_o mile_n or_o some_o other_o measure_n but_o if_o that_o the_o distance_n be_v great_a than_o can_v be_v take_v by_o the_o quadrant_n or_o compass_n viz._n more_o than_o 90_o degree_n the_o distance_n of_o one_o place_n from_o the_o antipode_n of_o the_o other_o shall_v be_v lesser_a than_o 90_o degree_n let_v this_o be_v inquire_v after_o and_o take_v from_o 180_o degree_n the_o remain_a degree_n shall_v be_v the_o distance_n require_v in_o universal_a map_n as_o also_o in_o particular_a of_o great_a part_n the_o distance_n of_o place_n can_v be_v exact_o find_v but_o in_o particular_a chorographical_a map_n a_o scale_n of_o league_n or_o mile_n be_v usual_o add_v by_o the_o assistance_n of_o which_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n contain_v in_o those_o map_n be_v know_v for_o so_o if_o you_o take_v the_o interval_n of_o two_o place_n and_o transfer_v this_o into_o the_o scale_n you_o shall_v present_o know_v the_o distance_n of_o those_o place_n but_o if_o the_o map_n be_v of_o any_o great_a proportion_n this_o method_n be_v defective_a for_o no_o map_n can_v be_v make_v by_o any_o method_n which_o exhibit_v the_o true_a distance_n of_o place_n but_o such_o a_o one_o may_v be_v make_v which_o may_v show_v the_o distance_n of_o one_o place_n from_o all_o the_o rest_n as_o we_o have_v say_v in_o our_o method_n of_o make_v map_n proposition_n ix_o the_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n of_o two_o place_n be_v give_v to_o find_v their_o distance_n distance_n the_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n of_o two_o place_n be_v give_v to_o find_v their_o distance_n the_o solution_n of_o this_o problem_n be_v easy_a by_o the_o globe_n and_o catholic_n planisphere_n it_o be_v difficult_a by_o calculation_n and_o trigonometrical_a supputation_n it_o be_v perform_v on_o the_o globe_n after_o this_o mode_n let_v any_o meridian_n be_v take_v and_o let_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o longitude_n of_o place_n be_v number_v from_o it_o in_o the_o aequator_fw-la let_v the_o term_n of_o the_o numeration_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o let_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o other_o place_n be_v reckon_v on_o this_o let_v the_o point_n of_o the_o globe_n which_o be_v under_o the_o term_n of_o the_o numeration_n be_v note_v with_o chalk_n also_o in_o the_o first_o meridian_n let_v the_o point_n of_o latitude_n be_v note_v for_o the_o other_o place_n then_o let_v the_o interval_n be_v take_v between_o the_o note_a point_n with_o the_o compass_n and_o let_v it_o be_v transfer_v either_o into_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o first_o meridian_n so_o we_o shall_v know_v
top_n of_o the_o approach_a mast_n of_o the_o ship_n or_o tower_n may_v be_v see_v to_o find_v out_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o tower_n or_o mast_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o the_o diagram_n of_o the_o former_a proposition_n in_o the_o triangle_n n_o o_fw-fr t_o from_o the_o give_v n_n t_n t_o o_o the_o arch_n n_o p_o be_v find_v which_o be_v substract_v from_o the_o know_a arch_n p_o f_o from_o the_o give_v distance_n turn_v into_o minute_n the_o arch_n f_o n_n or_o the_o angle_n n_o t_o s_o be_v leave_v and_o in_o the_o triangle_n n_o t_o s_o the_o right_a angle_n n_o t_n be_v give_v and_o n_n be_v the_o right_a angle_n therefore_o the_o hypotenusa_fw-la t_o s_o shall_v be_v find_v from_o which_o if_o t_o f_o be_v take_v f_o s_o be_v leave_v the_o demand_v altitude_n of_o the_o tower_n or_o mast_n of_o the_o ship_n or_o of_o any_o mountain_n proposition_n vii_o the_o refraction_n of_o ray_n in_o the_o air_n augment_v the_o apparent_a semidiameter_n of_o the_o sensible_a horizon_n air._n of_o refraction_n of_o ray_n in_o the_o air._n for_o there_o be_v a_o divers_a refraction_n of_o the_o air_n in_o divers_a place_n but_o the_o thick_a by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v near_o the_o earth_n therefore_o although_o a_o ray_n can_v come_v by_o a_o direct_a way_n to_o the_o eye_n o_o from_o the_o point_n situate_v beyond_o n_n for_o example_n f_o yet_o his_o ray_n may_v be_v so_o break_v in_o the_o air_n that_o the_o refract_v may_v be_v n_z o_o or_o the_o tangent_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n chap._n xxxv_o of_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o nautick_a art_n and_o in_o special_a of_o the_o first_o part_n viz._n the_o make_n or_o build_v of_o ship_n proposition_n i._o that_o be_v term_v the_o nautical_a art_n or_o science_n which_o teach_v how_o a_o ship_n may_v most_o safe_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o wind_n be_v sail_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o through_o the_o sea_n sea_n by_o the_o wind_n ship_n be_v carry_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o in_o the_o sea_n because_o in_o this_o discipline_n the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v compare_v among_o themselves_o or_o mutual_o to_o themselves_o and_o their_o respective_a situation_n be_v examine_v therefore_o deserve_o it_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o respective_a part_n of_o geography_n now_o i_o suppose_v that_o three_o part_n may_v convenient_o be_v constitute_v of_o this_o most_o noble_a art_n so_o much_o useful_a to_o human_a society_n 1._o the_o art_n of_o building_n of_o ship_n which_o also_o consider_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o the_o water_n or_o else_o presuppose_v it_o as_o know_v 2._o concern_v the_o lade_n of_o ship_n 3._o the_o direction_n gubernation_n or_o sail_v of_o a_o ship_n which_o be_v term_v the_o art_n of_o the_o master_n or_o pilot_n and_o in_o general_a the_o art_n of_o navigation_n by_o way_n of_o excellency_n unto_o which_o also_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o nautick_a art_n be_v most_o of_o all_o agreeable_a and_o this_o part_n with_o great_a right_n do_v appertain_v unto_o geography_n than_o the_o two_o former_a which_o be_v more_o true_o refer_v to_o the_o staticks_n and_o mechanic_n now_o the_o art_n of_o sail_v do_v whole_o depend_v on_o geography_n proposition_n ii_o in_o the_o fabric_n of_o ship_n these_o thing_n follow_v must_v be_v observe_v hip_n thing_n to_o be_v note_v in_o the_o fabric_n of_o hip_n 1._o that_o the_o matter_n or_o wood_n be_v take_v which_o may_v endure_v very_o long_o in_o the_o water_n of_o which_o vitruvius_n and_o other_o author_n be_v to_o be_v consult_v hither_o also_o belong_v how_o the_o wood_n be_v to_o be_v prepare_v and_o their_o density_n to_o be_v augment_v the_o unuseful_a moisture_n to_o be_v consume_v with_o fire_n pitch_a and_o defend_v from_o corruption_n this_o doctrine_n must_v be_v take_v from_o philosophy_n 2._o that_o such_o a_o figure_n or_o shape_n be_v give_v to_o a_o ship_n that_o be_v most_o apt_a for_o a_o quick_a motion_n and_o may_v be_v move_v by_o a_o small_a power_n 3._o in_o this_o fabric_n and_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o figure_n this_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o a_o ship_n may_v with_o ease_n be_v defend_v against_o storm_n and_o tempest_n but_o of_o this_o i_o shall_v treat_v in_o the_o second_o part_n where_o i_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o lade_n of_o ship_n ship_n the_o magnitude_n of_o ship_n 4._o the_o magnitude_n of_o ship_n must_v be_v consider_v where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a comparison_n between_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_n some_o suppose_v that_o the_o ship_n of_o alexandria_n make_v by_o archimedes_n by_o the_o command_n of_o hiero_n king_n of_o sicily_n and_o present_v to_o ptolemy_n king_n of_o egypt_n be_v of_o 12000_o tun_n the_o ship_n of_o philopater_n be_v deliver_v by_o calixenus_n to_o have_v be_v in_o length_n 280_o cubit_n in_o breadth_n 38_o and_o in_o height_n 48_o cubit_n the_o great_a ship_n at_o this_o day_n be_v those_o of_o the_o spaniard_n or_o portugal_n they_o call_v they_o caraca_v but_o of_o all_o nation_n in_o christendom_n the_o english_a may_v best_o brag_v of_o their_o gallant_a ship_n for_o the_o service_n of_o war._n 5._o there_o belong_v to_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n the_o knowledge_n of_o every_o part_n as_o the_o keil_n the_o rudder_n rib_n head_n stern_n mast_n yard_n cables_n and_o anchor_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o not_o only_o the_o matter_n figure_n and_o coherency_n but_o also_o the_o weight_n and_o magnitude_n be_v to_o be_v explain_v 6._o to_o the_o fabric_n of_o ship_n belong_v the_o skill_n how_o to_o prevent_v a_o breach_n leak_n or_o other_o defect_n of_o ship_n thus_o much_o in_o brief_a of_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o nautick_a art_n of_o building_n of_o ship_n chap._n xxxvi_o of_o the_o lade_n of_o ship_n or_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o nautick_a art_n proposition_n i._o the_o burden_n to_o lade_v ship_n withal_o be_v express_v by_o last_n and_o tun_n ship_n of_o the_o lade_n of_o ship_n the_o tun_n of_o a_o ship_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v 2000_o pound_n weight_n the_o last_v twelve_o tun_n proposition_n ii_o the_o body_n or_o matter_n which_o be_v high_o than_o water_n be_v not_o mergent_fw-la altogether_o in_o the_o water_n but_o some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v above_o but_o if_o it_o be_v of_o a_o great_a weight_n than_o water_n it_o will_v sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n if_o of_o the_o same_o weight_n it_o keep_v the_o give_v place_n in_o the_o water_n hitherto_o belong_v the_o various_a knowledge_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o body_n as_o of_o lead_n gold_n iron_n wheat_n sand_n oil_n wine_n the_o gravity_n of_o all_o which_o must_v be_v compare_v with_o water_n corollary_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o matter_n to_o lade_v the_o ship_n with_o take_v with_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o ship_n aught_o to_o be_v lesser_a than_o the_o burden_n or_o gravity_n of_o the_o water_n who_o mole_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o solidity_n or_o capacity_n of_o the_o whole_a ship_n proposition_n iii_o by_o how_o much_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o ship_n come_v to_o a_o ordinate_a that_o be_v to_o a_o cubick_a equality_n of_o longitude_n latitude_n and_o thickness_n by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o it_o can_v sustain_v the_o great_a burden_n in_o the_o water_n the_o demonstration_n must_v be_v seek_v from_o the_o staticks_n proposition_n iv_o in_o the_o lade_n of_o ship_n respect_n must_v be_v have_v to_o two_o thing_n first_o that_o there_o be_v not_o impose_v so_o great_a a_o burden_n that_o its_o weight_n take_v may_v be_v equal_a with_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o ship_n or_o great_a than_o the_o mole_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o ship_n but_o that_o it_o be_v lesser_a though_o not_o much_o but_o if_o the_o matter_n to_o lade_v the_o ship_n be_v so_o light_a the_o burden_n must_v be_v augment_v with_o ballast_n second_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o water_n must_v be_v consider_v through_o which_o the_o ship_n be_v to_o sail_v ship_n ballast_n require_v in_o a_o ship_n for_o although_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o water_n admit_v of_o this_o or_o that_o weight_n of_o the_o ship_n or_o lade_n when_o this_o be_v lesser_a than_o the_o equal_a gravity_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v to_o the_o mole_n of_o the_o water_n yet_o if_o the_o water_n have_v lesser_a profundity_n than_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ship_n beneath_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n the_o bottom_n will_v not_o grant_v a_o motion_n to_o the_o ship_n but_o detain_v it_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o spanish_a ship_n carry_v great_a burden_n than_o dutch_a dutch._n spanish_a ship_n carry_v great_a burden_n than_o the_o dutch._n because_o they_o have_v the_o sea_n deep_o on_o
the_o shore_n and_o in_o the_o harbour_n as_o also_o great_a ship_n come_v to_o zealand_n than_o to_o holland_n proposition_n v._o if_o a_o ship_n be_v so_o burden_v that_o its_o weight_n or_o gravity_n be_v almost_o equal_a to_o the_o weight_n or_o gravity_n of_o the_o sea_n water_n equal_a to_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o ship_n yet_o it_o sink_v not_o in_o the_o sea_n but_o when_o it_o shall_v be_v bring_v into_o any_o river_n it_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o water_n of_o rivers_n be_v light_a than_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n therefore_o if_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o lade_a ship_n be_v almost_o equal_a to_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o marine_a water_n therefore_o it_o shall_v be_v great_a than_o the_o gravity_n of_o river_n water_n and_o so_o the_o ship_n shall_v be_v sink_v in_o the_o river_n or_o carry_v to_o the_o bottom_n many_o ship_n for_o this_o reason_n have_v perish_v which_o have_v be_v over_o lade_v by_o unskilful_a mariner_n or_o not_o unburden_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n now_o how_o much_o this_o gravity_n shall_v be_v be_v know_v from_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o sea_n water_n to_o river_n water_n proposition_n vi_o any_o body_n swim_v on_o the_o water_n have_v that_o weight_n that_o the_o watery_a mole_n have_v equal_a to_o the_o demergent_a part_n of_o this_o body_n corollary_n the_o part_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v give_v which_o be_v under_o water_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a burden_a ship_n may_v be_v find_v for_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o water_n be_v know_v or_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v find_v for_o example_n one_o cubick_a foot_n of_o water_n be_v 70_o li._n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ship_n under_o water_n be_v 2000_o cubick_a foot_n therefore_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o watery_a mole_n which_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o part_n of_o the_o ship_n under_o water_n shall_v be_v 140000_o li._n so_o much_o also_o shall_v be_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o ship_n jade_v proposition_n vii_o a_o ship_n be_v most_o common_o account_v commodious_o to_o carry_v that_o quantity_n of_o burden_n who_o gravity_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o gravity_n of_o half_a the_o mole_n of_o water_n which_o the_o ship_n can_v contain_v for_o example_n if_o the_o ship_n can_v carry_v 500000_o tun_n of_o water_n whereof_o every_o one_o be_v account_v at_o 2000_o li._n weight_n that_o be_v if_o it_o contain_v the_o water_n of_o 1000000000_o li._n you_o may_v convenient_o lade_v it_o with_o the_o burden_n of_o 250000_o tun_n 1000000000._o in_o this_o sense_n you_o must_v understand_v it_o when_o they_o say_v that_o ship_n be_v so_o many_o tun_n or_o carry_v so_o many_o last_v the_o spanish_a carract_n carry_v 1200_o last_n the_o great_a holland_n indian_a ship_n 800_o last_n proposition_n viii_o by_o how_o much_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o ship_n jade_v be_v great_a by_o so_o much_o the_o less_o it_o be_v toss_v with_o storm_n and_o tempest_n lade_v a_o jade_a ship_n be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o be_v toss_v in_o tempest_n as_o when_o not_o lade_v ship_n of_o 2000_o tun_n be_v not_o in_o danger_n of_o those_o tempest_n which_o be_v vexatious_a to_o ship_n of_o 300_o or_o 500_o tun_n much_o more_o may_v be_v say_v but_o this_o may_v suffice_v for_o element_n chap._n xxxvii_o of_o the_o three_o and_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o nautick_a aâ—t_n viz._n the_o art_n of_o guide_v or_o navigate_a of_o a_o ship_n and_o its_o subdivision_n of_o the_o four_o part_n proposition_n i._o that_o be_v term_v the_o art_n of_o guide_v or_o navigate_a of_o a_o ship_n which_o teach_v unto_o what_o quarter_n a_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v guide_v in_o any_o situation_n of_o it_o in_o the_o sea_n that_o it_o may_v come_v to_o the_o purpose_a place_n without_o danger_n i_o make_v four_o part_n of_o it_o ship_n of_o the_o guide_v or_o steer_v of_o ship_n 1._o special_a geography_n that_o be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o space_n intercept_v between_o two_o place_n and_o the_o property_n of_o the_o same_o 2._o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o quarter_n in_o every_o place_n 3._o the_o cognition_n of_o the_o line_n by_o which_o the_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v from_o one_o place_n to_o the_o other_o for_o there_o be_v between_o every_o two_o place_n infinite_a intercept_v line_n this_o part_n be_v term_v histriodromice_n 4._o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o every_o place_n unto_o which_o by_o sail_v we_o arrive_v or_o how_o these_o place_n be_v situate_v unto_o that_o place_n unto_o which_o the_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v direct_v this_o be_v the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o sail_v proposition_n ii_o the_o cognition_n of_o the_o intermedial_a space_n comprehend_v these_o thing_n map_n thing_n observe_v from_o special_a geography_n and_o nautical_a map_n 1._o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n the_o procurrence_n of_o angle_n the_o bend_n of_o the_o shore_n the_o aspect_n of_o promontory_n mountain_n bay_n the_o depth_n of_o water_n the_o sight_n of_o island_n and_o coast_n of_o land_n all_o which_o be_v know_v from_o special_a geography_n and_o nautical_a map_n but_o most_o easy_o and_o with_o great_a certainty_n from_o observation_n and_o frequent_a navigation_n through_o any_o tract_n of_o land_n which_o be_v the_o only_a cause_n that_o some_o mariner_n be_v more_o fit_a to_o guide_v a_o ship_n to_o such_o place_n and_o other_o to_o another_o 2._o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o general_n and_o special_a wind_n and_o those_o that_o be_v peculiar_a unto_o any_o place_n which_o be_v exceed_o necessary_a in_o navigation_n which_o be_v undertake_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o adjacent_a place_n for_o here_o a_o general_a wind_n and_o in_o many_o place_n anniversary_n wind_n which_o we_o have_v show_v to_o be_v call_v moussons_n motion_n in_o our_o xx._n chapter_n do_v rule_n which_o either_o promote_v or_o hinder_v navigation_n for_o the_o indian_a sea_n be_v sail_v by_o these_o anniversary_n wind_n of_o these_o and_o also_o of_o storm_n and_o tempest_n we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o xx._n chapter_n 20._o see_v chap._n 20._o 3._o the_o condition_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o every_o tract_n also_o the_o quarter_n of_o it_o into_o which_o quarter_n the_o sea_n and_o wave_n be_v bear_v for_o they_o carry_v the_o ship_n with_o they_o the_o diversity_n of_o those_o motion_n in_o many_o place_n we_o have_v show_v in_o the_o xvii_o chap._n 17._o see_v chap._n 17._o first_o of_o all_o there_o be_v require_v a_o knowledge_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o reflux_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o time_n or_o hour_n of_o the_o increase_n and_o decrease_v at_o every_o day_n the_o supputation_n of_o which_o be_v term_v the_o reckon_n of_o the_o tide_n for_o except_v a_o master_n know_v this_o the_o ship_n be_v often_o much_o hazard_v when_o it_o be_v near_a shore_n or_o sand_n whereof_o most_o in_o the_o great_a increase_n of_o the_o water_n do_v not_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o ship_n but_o most_o do_v in_o the_o decrease_n so_o with_o a_o flux_n the_o navigation_n be_v more_o facile_a to_o the_o shore_n and_o to_o the_o inlet_n of_o river_n and_o the_o contrary_n be_v discover_v in_o the_o reflux_n of_o the_o supputation_n of_o this_o time_n we_o have_v speak_v a_o little_a in_o the_o proposition_n of_o the_o xvii_o chapter_n chap._n xxxviii_o of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o place_n viz._n the_o north_n south_n east_n and_o west_n and_o the_o intermedial_a quarter_n proposition_n i._o in_o every_o place_n to_o know_v the_o plagas_fw-la viz._n the_o north_n south_n east_n and_o west_n and_o the_o intermedial_a quarter_n navigation_n the_o quarter_n very_o neccessary_a in_o navigation_n the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o be_v the_o most_o necessary_a of_o all_o the_o problem_n of_o the_o whole_a art_n of_o navigation_n see_v that_o a_o ship_n must_v be_v guide_v unto_o some_o quarter_n which_o if_o unknown_a there_o can_v be_v no_o direction_n and_o the_o very_a defect_n of_o this_o knowledge_n alone_o hinder_v the_o navigation_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o in_o this_o be_v the_o chief_a difference_n between_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a navigation_n for_o the_o ancient_n have_v not_o a_o method_n by_o which_o at_o any_o time_n in_o the_o large_a ocean_n they_o may_v know_v where_o be_v the_o north_n where_o the_o south_n and_o the_o other_o quarter_n therefore_o they_o can_v not_o nor_o dare_v they_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o vast_a ocean_n but_o only_o coast_v the_o shore_n so_o that_o they_o may_v know_v the_o quarter_n from_o other_o sign_n quarter_n the_o ancient_n have_v a_o double_a method_n of_o find_v out_o the_o quarter_n the_o ancient_n have_v a_o double_a method_n which_o serve_v also_o to_o the_o modern_a navigation_n of_o find_v out_o the_o quarter_n
quarter_n by_o northwest_n west_n and_o a_o quarter_n by_o south_n west_n northwest_n and_o a_o quarter_n by_o west_n south-west_n and_o a_o quarter_n by_o west_n the_o measure_n in_o which_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o least_o part_n that_o can_v be_v describe_v upon_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v a_o point_n many_o point_n describe_v and_o continue_v right_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o make_v a_o line_n twelve_o line_n continue_v together_o be_v esteem_v to_o make_v a_o inch_n or_o thumb_n breadth_n twelve_o inch_n make_v a_o foot_n two_o foot_n and_o half_o make_v a_o common_a pace_n and_o two_o common_a pace_n a_o geometrical_a pace_n one_o hundred_o twenty_o five_o geometrical_a pace_n make_v a_o stade_n or_o certain_a measure_n of_o ground_n eight_o stades_n or_o one_o thousand_o geometrical_a pace_n be_v one_o thousand_o roman_a pace_n or_o the_o italian_a mile_n one_o thousand_o fifty_o six_o geometrical_a pace_n make_v a_o english_a mile_n one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o sixty_o seven_o pace_n make_v a_o scotish_n mile_n two_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o or_o 2500_o geometrical_a pace_n make_v a_o spanish_a league_n four_o thousand_o geometrical_a pace_n make_v a_o dutch_a league_n or_o miles_n five_o thousand_o geometrical_a pace_n make_v a_o swedish_n league_n or_o miles_n six_o thousand_o geometrical_a pace_n make_v a_o hungarian_a league_n or_o miles_n 24_o or_o 25_o french_a league_n or_o 60000_o geometrical_a pace_n make_v a_o degree_n of_o latitude_n on_o the_o aequator_fw-la three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o degree_n of_o longitude_n on_o the_o aequator_fw-la make_v the_o great_a circle_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n the_o great_a circle_n of_o the_o terr_n globe_n multiply_v by_o his_o diameter_n make_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n geographical_a and_o hydrographical_a table_n the_o terrestrial_a globe_n have_v all_o its_o surface_n in_o land_n which_o discover_v itself_o in_o two_o continent_n whereof_o we_o or_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_z superior_a contain_v three_o great_a part_n to_o wit_n europe_n where_o be_v the_o kingdom_n or_o part_n of_o turkey_n in_o asia_n arabia_n persia_n india_n china_n tartary_n asia_n where_o be_v the_o kingdom_n or_o country_n of_o italy_n turkey_n in_o europe_n france_n germany_n low_a country_n poland_n scandinavia_n russia_n or_o moscovia_n africa_n where_o be_v the_o kingdom_n or_o country_n of_o rarbary_n biledulgerid_n egypt_n sara_n or_o desert_n of_o saara_n the_o land_n of_o the_o negro_n guinee_n nubia_n the_o emperor_n of_o the_o abyssine_n zanguebar_v congo_n monomotapa_n caffreria_n spain_n the_o other_o or_o new_a and_o inferior_a be_v call_v america_n america_n septentrionalis_n where_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o canada_n or_o new_a france_n new_a mexico_n new_a spain_n america_n meridionalis_fw-la where_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o peru_n brazil_n paragua_n many_o isle_n of_o which_o the_o most_o famous_a be_v about_o our_o continent_n and_o part_n of_o europe_n as_o those_o in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n the_o western_a ocean_n call_v the_o british_a isle_n part_n of_o asia_n as_o those_o of_o japon_n the_o philippin_n the_o moluccoe_n sonde_n ceylan_n and_o the_o maldives_n etc._n etc._n part_n of_o africa_n as_o those_o of_o madagascar_n or_o st._n laurence_n st._n thomas_n cape_n verd_fw-mi the_o canary_n etc._n etc._n between_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o continent_n as_o the_o azore_n about_o the_o other_o continent_n and_o towards_o america_n septentrionalis_n as_o those_o of_o terra_n neuves_n california_n the_o antilles_n towards_o america_n meridionalis_fw-la the_o magellanick_n isles_n and_o in_o some_o land_n and_o isle_n the_o most_o part_n unknown_a towards_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o pole_n among_o the_o which_o be_v groenland_n izland_n etc._n etc._n terra_fw-la australis_fw-la nova_fw-la guiney_n etc._n etc._n water_n which_o be_v find_v in_o sea_n and_o which_o may_v be_v call_v ocean_n about_o our_o continent_n oriental_n or_o indian_a where_o be_v the_o sea_n of_o china_n india_n arabia_n southern_a or_o aethiopian_a where_o be_v the_o sea_n of_o barbaria_n or_o of_o zangucbar_n cafreria_n congo_n western_a or_o atlantic_a where_o be_v the_o sea_n of_o guinee_n cape_n verd_fw-mi the_o canary_n spain_n france_n great_a britain_n northern_a or_o freeze_v where_o be_v the_o sea_n of_o denmark_n moscovy_n tartary_n sea_n about_o the_o other_o continent_n north-sea_n or_o sea_n of_o canada_n or_o new_a france_n mexico_n or_o new_a spain_n brazil_n magellanick-sea_n or_o sea_n of_o paraguay_n magellanick_n pacifick-sea_n or_o sea_n of_o peru_n new_a mexico_n gulf_n or_o sea_n between_o the_o land_n of_o our_o continent_n the_o baltic_a sea_n the_o mediterranean_a sea_n between_o the_o land_n of_o the_o other_o continent_n the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n the_o gulf_n of_o hudson_n lake_n or_o sea_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o our_o continent_n the_o caspian_a sea_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o other_o continent_n the_o lake_n or_o sea_n of_o parime_n strait_n to_o wit_n between_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o contin_n of_o anian_a between_o the_o other_o contin_n and_o the_o j._n m._n of_o magellan_n between_o europe_n and_o africa_n of_o gibraltar_n river_n of_o which_o the_o most_o famous_a be_v in_o our_o continent_n as_o in_o europe_n the_o take_fw-mi the_o loire_n the_o rhine_n the_o elbe_n the_o danube_n the_o boristene_n the_o don_n or_o tanais_n the_o volga_n in_o asia_n the_o tiger_n and_o the_o euphrates_n the_o indus_n the_o ganges_n the_o quiam_fw-la or_o jamsuquiam_fw-la the_o oby_n in_o africa_n the_o nile_n the_o niger_n in_o america_n septentrional_n as_o the_o river_n canada_n or_o st._n laurence_n meridional_a as_o the_o river_n paria_fw-la or_o orinoque_n the_o river_n amazones_n the_o river_n of_o plate_n the_o water_n in_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o sea_n and_o which_o may_v be_v call_v ocean_n and_o about_o our_o continent_n to_o wit_n the_o indian_a or_o eastern_a where_o be_v the_o sea_n of_o china_n indian_a sea_n arabian_n sea_n aethiopian_a or_o southern_a wherein_o be_v the_o sea_n of_o barbary_n or_o of_o zanguebar_v sea_n of_o caffreria_n sea_n of_o congo_n western_a or_o atlantic_a where_o be_v the_o sea_n of_o guinee_n sea_n of_o cape_n verd_fw-mi sea_n of_o the_o canary_n or_o gulf_n of_o yeguas_fw-la sea_n of_o spain_n sea_n of_o france_n sea_n of_o great_a britain_n northern_a freeze_a or_o scythick_n where_o be_v the_o sea_n of_o denmark_n or_o mourmanskoimore_a sea_n of_o moscovy_n or_o petzorke-more_a sea_n of_o tartrria_n or_o niaren-more_a sea_n and_o about_o the_o other_o continent_n to_o wit_n the_o north_n or_o sea_n of_o canada_n or_o new_a france_n sea_n of_o mexico_n or_o new_a spain_n sea_n of_o brazil_n or_o north-sea_n magellanick_n or_o sea_n of_o paraguay_n magellanick_n sea_n sea_n of_o chili_n south_n or_o 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the_o baltic_a sea_n be_v and_o in_o our_o continent_n be_v the_o straight_a of_o
incline_v to_o cold_a than_o heat_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o constantinople_n adrianople_n and_o other_o here_o seat_v render_v it_o the_o chief_a and_o best_a inhabit_v of_o all_o greece_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v adrianople_n so_o call_v by_o the_o emperor_n hadrian_n who_o repair_v it_o it_o be_v add_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o turk_n by_o bajazet_n anno_fw-la 1362_o and_o continue_v the_o seat_n of_o their_o king_n till_o mahomet_n the_o great_a take_v constantinople_n from_o constantine_n palaeologus_n the_o last_o of_o the_o eastern_a emperor_n about_o 90_o year_n after_o blunt_z in_o his_o voyage_n to_o the_o levant_n in_o his_o description_n of_o this_o city_n say_v that_o it_o be_v seat_v on_o three_o low_a hill_n of_o which_o that_o in_o the_o midst_n be_v the_o large_a and_o fair_a on_o the_o top_n of_o which_o be_v a_o stately_a and_o magnificent_a mosque_n and_o in_o the_o churchyard_n be_v about_o 30_o or_o 40_o cock_n under_o a_o stately_a fountain_n for_o people_n to_o wash_v before_o divine_a service_n as_o also_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o building_n on_o the_o north_n and_o south_n side_n be_v 20_o conduit_n with_o cock_n and_o on_o the_o east_n side_n be_v the_o priest_n lodging_n and_o garden_n and_o round_o the_o churchyard_n be_v bath_n cloister_n and_o a_o college_n for_o the_o priest_n with_o other_o useful_a office_n all_o cover_v with_o lead_n in_o this_o city_n be_v several_a besestine_n or_o exchange_n some_o of_o good_a account_n as_o likewise_o many_o fair_a hanes_n to_o this_o city_n be_v four_o stately_a and_o lofty_a bridge_n of_o freestone_n which_o make_v a_o pleasant_a show_n and_o be_v a_o fair_a large_a and_o well_o compose_v city_n 2._o gallipoli_n seat_v near_o the_o hellespont_n but_o within_o the_o sea_n of_o marinora_n this_o be_v the_o first_o city_n that_o the_o turk_n possess_v in_o europe_n it_o be_v surprise_v by_o solyman_n son_n to_o orcanes_n in_o anno_fw-la 1358._o here_o the_o beglerbegh_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v his_o residence_n a_o little_a below_o gallipoli_n be_v the_o straight_a passage_n of_o the_o hellespont_n a_o place_n former_o famous_a for_o xerxes_n his_o bridge_n but_o especial_o for_o the_o two_o castle_n of_o sesto_n on_o the_o european_a side_n and_o abydo_o opposite_a to_o it_o on_o the_o asian_a shore_n of_o note_n for_o the_o love_n of_o hero_n and_o leander_n which_o castle_n be_v now_o call_v the_o dardanelli_n and_o command_v the_o passage_n and_o be_v the_o security_n or_o bulwark_n of_o constantinople_n on_o this_o as_o those_o on_o the_o thracian_a bosphorus_n be_v on_o the_o other_o 3._o caridia_n seat_v on_o the_o thracian_a chersonese_n opposite_a to_o the_o isle_n of_o lemnos_n as_o also_o to_o troas_n in_o asia_n and_o therefore_o now_o call_v st._n george_n arm._n 4._o abdera_n the_o birth-place_n of_o democritus_n who_o spend_v his_o time_n in_o laugh_v 5._o pera_n a_o town_n of_o the_o genovese_n opposite_a to_o constantinople_n 6._o galata_n also_o opposite_a to_o constantinople_n from_o which_o it_o be_v part_v by_o a_o river_n wherein_o be_v find_v a_o good_a harbour_n for_o ship_n and_o here_o all_o the_o western_a christian_n as_o english_a french_a dutch_a and_o venetian_a merchant_n have_v their_o common_a residence_n intermix_v with_o jew_n grecian_n armenian_n and_o some_o few_o turk_n and_o last_o constantinople_n the_o now_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o all_o greece_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o former_o of_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o east_n first_o build_v by_o pausanias_n a_o là cedemonian_a captain_n about_o 660_o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n it_o be_v a_o city_n very_o commodious_o seat_v for_o a_o universal_a empire_n overlooking_a europe_n and_o asia_n command_v the_o euxine_a or_o black_a sea_n the_o hellespont_n and_o sea_n of_o marinara_n or_o propontis_n on_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o which_o and_o near_o the_o thracian_a bosphorus_n it_o be_v seat_v where_o it_o have_v a_o haven_n so_o deep_a and_o capacious_a that_o the_o turk_n for_o its_o excellency_n call_v it_o the_o port_n of_o the_o world_n so_o that_o for_o strength_n plenty_n and_o commodity_n no_o place_n can_v compare_v to_o it_o this_o city_n be_v in_o form_n triangular_a its_o wall_n be_v compose_v of_o stone_n and_o brick_n equal_o intermix_v to_o which_o it_o have_v 24_o gate_n for_o entrance_n whereof_o 5_o regard_n the_o land_n and_o 19_o the_o water_n be_v about_o 16_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o suppose_v with_o pera_n and_o galata_n adjoin_v to_o it_o and_o scutari_n on_o the_o asian_a side_n to_o contain_v about_o 700000_o live_a soul_n good_a part_n of_o which_o be_v christian_n and_o jew_n and_o it_o will_v be_v far_o more_o populous_a be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o plague_n which_o like_o a_o tertian_n ague_n here_o reign_v every_o three_o year_n and_o sometime_o often_o this_o city_n be_v adorn_v with_o many_o magnificent_a building_n both_o public_a and_o private_a as_o also_o with_o curious_a statue_n and_o other_o such_o like_a ornament_n which_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o rome_n and_o other_o part_n there_o be_v no_o city_n in_o the_o world_n make_v so_o stately_a a_o show_n if_o behold_v from_o the_o sea_n or_o adjoin_v mountain_n as_o this_o do_v who_o lofty_a and_o beautiful_a cypress_n tree_n be_v so_o intermix_v with_o the_o building_n that_o it_o seem_v to_o represent_v a_o city_n in_o a_o wood_n who_o seven_o aspire_a head_n for_o on_o so_o many_o hill_n it_o be_v seat_v be_v most_o of_o they_o crown_v with_o magnificent_a mosque_n all_o of_o white_a marble_n in_o form_n round_o and_o couple_v above_o be_v finish_v at_o the_o top_n with_o guild_a spire_n some_o have_v two_o some_o four_o and_o some_o six_o adjoin_a turret_n of_o a_o great_a height_n and_o very_o slender_a so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o city_n in_o the_o world_n have_v a_o more_o promise_a object_n and_o be_v enter_v so_o much_o deceive_v the_o expectation_n have_v many_o vacant_a place_n several_a row_n of_o building_n consist_v only_o of_o shop_n the_o house_n not_o fair_a lofty_a nor_o uniform_a the_o street_n exceed_v narrow_a and_o ill_o contrive_v yet_o here_o be_v many_o stately_a house_n where_o the_o great_a person_n reside_v also_o many_o cann_n for_o merchant_n and_o abundance_n of_o mosque_n among_o which_o that_o of_o sancta_fw-la sophia_n be_v the_o chief_a once_o a_o christian_a temple_n to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o principal_a mosque_n do_v belong_v public_a bagâ—io's_n hospital_n with_o lodging_n santon_n and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n which_o be_v endow_v with_o competent_a revenue_n the_o inferior_a mosque_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v build_v square_a many_o of_o they_o penthouse_n with_o oper_n gallery_n where_o on_o extraordinary_a time_n they_o pray_v the_o number_n of_o mosque_n of_o all_o sort_n including_z scutara_o para_n galata_n and_o the_o building_n that_o border_n the_o bosphorus_n be_v say_v to_o be_v about_o 8000._o this_o temple_n of_o st._n sophia_n be_v almost_o every_o friday_n which_o be_v their_o sabbath_n visit_v by_o the_o grand_a signior_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o be_v so_o near_o his_o seraglio_n which_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n by_o a_o lofty_a wall_n contain_v in_o circuit_n about_o three_o mile_n wherein_o be_v stately_a grove_n of_o cypress_n intermix_v with_o delightful_a garden_n artificial_a fountain_n variety_n of_o fruit_n and_o curious_a plain_n the_o building_n be_v low_a but_o rich_a and_o stately_a with_o several_a fair_a court_n one_o within_o another_o and_o to_o the_o southside_n do_v join_v the_o grand_a signior_n palace_n in_o which_o be_v also_o several_a large_a court_n and_o stately_a structure_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o one_o of_o the_o court_v the_o divano_n be_v keep_v where_o the_o bassa_n of_o the_o port_n administer_v justice_n out_o of_o the_o second_o court_n be_v a_o passage_n into_o a_o three_o into_o which_o christian_n be_v not_o permit_v entrance_n but_o upon_o great_a favour_n on_o the_o north-side_n stand_v the_o grand_a signior_n cabinet_n in_o form_n of_o a_o stately_a summer-house_n have_v a_o private_a passage_n from_o his_o seraglio_n and_o from_o this_o place_n he_o take_v barge_n to_o delight_v himself_o on_o the_o water_n not_o far_o from_o the_o palace_n be_v a_o spacious_a place_n encompass_v with_o house_n call_v the_o hippodrom_n by_o the_o ancient_n and_o by_o the_o turk_n almidan_n where_o every_o friday_n the_o spachy_n of_o the_o court_n play_v at_o giocho_fw-es di_fw-mi canni_fw-it that_o be_v they_o be_v mount_v on_o horse_n and_o ride_v after_o one_o another_o throw_v dart_n at_o each_o other_o which_o they_o endeavour_v to_o avoid_v by_o their_o hasty_a turn_n the_o black_a sea_n be_v distant_a from_o constantinople_n about_o 15_o mile_n it_o be_v much_o trouble_v with_o
for_o woolen-cloth_n in_o this_o city_n there_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o be_v 777_o brewer_n 40_o baker_n one_o lawyer_n and_o one_o physician_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o great_a disproportion_n as_o one_o witty_o observe_v be_v that_o a_o cup_n of_o nimis_fw-la be_v the_o best_a vomit_v potion_n and_o their_o controversy_n be_v soon_o compose_v over_o a_o pot_n of_o drink_n than_o by_o order_n of_o law_n 3._o stoad_n commodious_o seat_v for_o traffic_n on_o the_o elve_n about_o five_o mile_n distance_n from_o hambourg_n once_o a_o place_n of_o a_o better_a trade_n than_o now_o it_o be_v these_o city_n be_v call_v free_a from_o their_o great_a prerogative_n in_o coin_v money_n and_o rule_v by_o their_o own_o law_n and_o imperial_a as_o know_v no_o lord_n or_o protector_n but_o the_o emperor_n to_o who_o they_o pay_v two_o three_o of_o such_o contribution_n as_o be_v assess_v in_o the_o assembly_n germany_n be_v a_o spacious_a country_n and_o very_o populous_a the_o people_n be_v 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elbe_n and_o the_o other_o for_o the_o danube_n have_v but_o a_o small_a course_n in_o this_o country_n shall_v be_v elsewhere_o speak_v of_o belgium_n the_o commodity_n and_o trade_n of_o belgium_n that_o part_n which_o we_o call_v belgium_n or_o the_o low_a country_n be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n seat_v in_o the_o north_n temperate_a zone_n under_o the_o 8_o and_o 9th_o climate_n the_o long_a day_n be_v 17_o hour_n the_o air_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o drain_n the_o marsh_n and_o turn_v the_o standing-water_n into_o running-stream_n be_v now_o very_o healthful_a as_o be_v purge_v from_o those_o gross_a vapour_n which_o do_v thence_o arise_v the_o country_n lie_v exceed_o low_a and_o therefore_o subject_a to_o inundation_n the_o commodity_n that_o these_o country_n yield_v be_v linen_n yarn_n thread_n say_v silk_n velvet_n tapestry_n picture_n print_n blade_n soap_n butter_n cheese_n fish_n pot_n bottle_n rope_n cable_n armour_n several_a manufacture_n etc._n etc._n beside_o the_o commodity_n of_o india_n persia_n china_n turkey_n and_o other_o part_n which_o be_v here_o have_v in_o great_a plenty_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a trade_n they_o drive_v in_o all_o part_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n be_v poland_n under_o the_o name_n of_o which_o be_v comprise_v the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n as_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o high_a or_o little_a poland_n where_o be_v the_o palatinate_v of_o cracou_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o cracou_n vounicz_n sandecz_n biecz_n sandomirie_a with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o sandomitz_n vislicz_n radom_n zawichost_n zaroâ—w_o malogocz_n czeschow_n lublin_n with_o its_o castle_n lublin_n low_o or_o great_a poland_n where_o be_v the_o palatinate_v of_o posna_n where_o be_v the_o castlewicks_n of_o posna_n meseritz_n ragozno_n sremck_n brzesti_n crimn_n sandock_n kalisch_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o kalisch_n kamin_n gnesna_n landa_n nackel_n biechow_n sirad_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o sirad_n wielâ—n_n rozpirz_n lencini_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o lencici_n bressini_n inowlocz_n dobrzin_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o dobizin_n rippin_n stouck_n ploczk_v with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o ploczk_n rasuntz_n sceps_fw-la rava_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o rava_n sochaczow_n gostiny_n cowal_n divers_a dutchy_n with_o their_o castlewicks_n to_o wit_n russia_n noire_n which_o be_v esteem_v in_o the_o high_a poland_n where_o be_v the_o palatinate_v of_o leowenborg_n or_o leopolis_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o leowenborg_n halicz_n drzemist_n zamoscie_a belz_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o beln_n chelm_fw-ge cujavia_n which_o be_v esteem_v in_o the_o low_a poland_n where_o be_v the_o palatinate_v of_o brzesti_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o brzesti_n krusnick_n cowal_n uladislau_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o uladislau_n bidgost_n mazovia_n also_o esteem_v in_o the_o low_a poland_n where_o be_v the_o palatinate_v of_o czersk_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o warzaw_n liw_n czersk_n wissegrod_n zakrotzim_n ciechanow_n wilna_n prussia_n or_o prusse_v as_o it_o be_v divide_v in_o polaquie_n prussia_n royal_a where_o be_v the_o palatinate_v of_o dantzick_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o dantzick_n elbing_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o elbing_n marienburg_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o marienburg_n culm_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o culm_n prussia_n ducale_v with_o its_o palatinate_n and_o castlewick_n of_o koningsberg_n with_o its_o palatinate_n of_o bielsk_n with_o its_o castlewick_n of_o bielsk_n and_o divers_a other_o estate_n dutchy_n etc._n etc._n unite_a or_o subject_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n viz._n duchy_n of_o lithuania_n under_o the_o name_n of_o which_o be_v comprise_v lithuania_n where_o be_v the_o palatinate_v of_o wilna_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o wilna_n osmiana_n wilkomirs_n braslaw_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n braslaw_n misdzial_a troki_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n troki_n kowno_n grodno_n lida_n minsk_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o minsk_n borissow_n robaczow_n rzeczica_fw-la mary_n minsk_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o mscislnw_n mohilow_n orssa_n novogrodeck_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o novogrodeck_n slonim_n woskowiska_n polosczk_v with_o its_o castlew_n of_o polosczk_n vitepsk_v with_o its_o castlew_n of_o vitepsk_v polesie_n where_o be_v breâ—siici_n with_o its_o castlew_n of_o bressici_fw-la samogitie_n with_o its_o palatinate_n and_o castlewick_n of_o rosienie_n duchy_n of_o volhynie_n as_o it_o be_v divide_v in_o the_o high_a volhynie_n with_o its_o palarinate_a of_o lusuc_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o lusuc_n wolodomiers_n krzemienec_n lower_v volhynie_n with_o its_o palatinate_n of_o kiovia_n with_o its_o castlewicks_n of_o kiovia_n owrucze_n zitomirz_n podolie_n with_o its_o palat._n of_o the_o high_a podolie_n as_o kamieniec_n with_o its_o castlew_n of_o kamieniec_n low_o podolie_a as_o braclaw_v with_o its_o castlewick_n of_o braclaw_n part_v of_o moscovia_n where_o be_v the_o dutchy_n of_o smolensko_n with_o its_o castlew_n of_o smolensko_n novogrodeck_n with_o its_o cast_n of_o novogrodeck_n poland_n part_n poland_n and_o its_o part_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n ought_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o call_v the_o estate_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o other_o of_o lithvania_n these_o two_o have_v heretofore_o have_v their_o king_n and_o duke_n apart_o and_o not_o have_v be_v unite_v till_o within_o about_o 270_o year_n the_o estate_n of_o poland_n shall_v be_v poland_n which_o we_o will_v divide_v into_o the_o high_a and_o low_a or_o lesser_a and_o great_a and_o into_o the_o dutchy_n of_o russia_n noire_n cajavia_n mazovia_n and_o prussia_n the_o estate_n of_o lithuania_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o lithuania_n volhinia_n podolia_n etc._n etc._n all_o dutchy_n but_o lithuania_n much_o the_o great_a wherefore_o he_o who_o possess_v they_o be_v entitle_v the_o great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n extent_n it_o be_v extent_n all_o these_o estate_n of_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n take_v
together_o extend_v from_o about_o the_o 48th_o degree_n of_o latitude_n unto_o the_o 57th_o which_o be_v about_o 225_o french_a league_n and_o from_o the_o 38th_o of_o longitude_n unto_o the_o 61_o and_o have_v near_a as_o much_o continent_n again_o as_o france_n they_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o moscovy_n bound_n bound_n and_o part_n of_o the_o petit_fw-fr tartar_n on_o the_o south_n the_o mountain_n oâ—_n caprack_n and_o the_o river_n neister_n divide_v they_o from_o hungaria_n transilvania_n and_o moldavia_n on_o the_o west_n by_o germany_n and_o touch_v in_o part_n on_o the_o baltic_n sea_n and_o on_o the_o north_n they_o be_v bound_v part_n by_o livonia_n and_o moscovy_n inhabitant_n ancient_a inhabitant_n the_o ancient_a name_n of_o poland_n be_v sauromatia_n from_o its_o inhabitant_n the_o sauromatae_n afterward_o by_o lechius_n the_o first_o duke_n hereof_o in_o anno_fw-la 550_o it_o be_v call_v poland_n which_o signify_v a_o plain_a country_n as_o general_o it_o be_v it_o be_v make_v a_o kingdom_n by_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o three_o anno_fw-la 1000_o boleslaus_n be_v duke_n and_o have_v ever_o have_v its_o duke_n and_o king_n elect_v by_o the_o state_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o vicinity_n to_o the_o turk_n general_o choose_v a_o warrior_n etc._n fertility_n commodity_n etc._n etc._n the_o country_n be_v plain_a well_o clothe_v with_o fir_n and_o other_o timber-tree_n the_o air_n be_v so_o cold_a that_o they_o have_v neither_o wine_n nor_o grape_n instead_o of_o which_o have_v store_n of_o barley_n they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o old_a drink_n of_o england_n viz._n ale_n the_o country_n be_v well_o furnish_v with_o grain_n and_o fruit_n but_o they_o be_v but_o lean_v their_o chief_a commodity_n be_v rich_a fur_n horse_n hony_n wax_n bow-stave_n buff-hides_a ambergreese_v flax_n linnen-cloth_n mast_n cordage_n board_n wainscot_n timber_n rozin_n tar_n and_o pith_n of_o both_o kind_n match_n iron_n stockfish_n salt_n dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n pot-ash_n rye_n in_o great_a plenty_n for_o which_o it_o have_v make_v dantzick_n famous_a it_o be_v well_o furnish_v with_o flesh_n fowl_n and_o fish_n and_o to_o waâ—ds_v the_o carpatian_n mountain_n of_o hungaria_n be_v find_v mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n as_o also_o iron_n and_o brimstone_n to_o the_o r_n t_o worship_n full_a sr_n robert_n clayton_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n kt_n and_o alderman_n and_o lord_n mayr_n thou_o of_o anno_fw-la 1680_o this_o map_n be_v d_o d_o by_o r_n b_o p_o of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n where_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n withit_v palatinate_v the_o duchess_n of_o russia-noire_a cujavia_n mozovia_n prussia_n â—ia_n volhynia_n podolia_n &c_n &c_n design_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr sanson_n geographer_n to_o the_o french_a king_n king_n the_o revenue_n of_o the_o king_n the_o revenue_n of_o the_o king_n be_v not_o great_a for_o so_o large_a a_o country_n and_o that_o which_o be_v he_o receive_v from_o they_o quarterly_o the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o part_n every_o one_o of_o which_o keep_v the_o king_n and_o court_n a_o quarter_n which_o revenue_n be_v not_o certain_a but_o more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o his_o occasion_n by_o war_n marriage_n of_o his_o daughter_n or_o the_o like_a place_n poland_n with_o its_o part_n and_o chief_a place_n the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v throughout_o into_o palatinate_n and_o castlewicks_n poland_n take_v particular_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o high_a and_o low_a in_o the_o high_a be_v the_o palatinate_v of_o cracou_n sandomirz_n and_o lublin_n place_n of_o most_o note_n in_o these_o part_n be_v 1._o cracou_n or_o cracovia_n seat_v in_o a_o plain_a and_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o vistula_n dignify_v with_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v in_o form_n round_o the_o house_n fair_a and_o lofty_a and_o build_v of_o freestone_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n be_v a_o large_a quadrangle_n market-house_n where_o be_v seat_v the_o cathedral_n church_n and_o the_o senate-house_n for_o the_o citizen_n about_o which_o be_v several_a shop_n for_o merchant_n the_o city_n be_v encompass_v with_o two_o strong_a stone_n wall_n and_o a_o dry_a ditch_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o city_n be_v the_o king_n castle_n be_v fair_a well_o build_v and_o pleasant_o seat_v on_o a_o hill_n as_o also_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n lodging_n on_o the_o west_n be_v a_o chapel_n where_o the_o king_n be_v inter_v and_o on_o the_o north-side_n lodging_n for_o entertainment_n and_o feast_v the_o southside_n be_v without_o building_n but_o as_o to_o matter_n of_o trade_n this_o city_n be_v of_o small_a account_n also_o sandomirz_n and_o lublin_n both_o chief_a city_n of_o their_o palatinate_n be_v in_o the_o high_a polonia_n or_o poland_n poland_n lower_v poland_n in_o the_o low_a poland_n be_v the_o palatinate_v of_o posna_n kalisch_n sirad_n lencinâ—_n dobrzin_n ploczk_n and_o rava_n who_o chief_a city_n or_o place_n bear_v the_o same_o name_n and_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o their_o palatine_n beside_o which_o there_o be_v several_a other_o town_n of_o good_a note_n which_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o geographical_a table_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o in_o chief_a posna_n and_o gnesna_n dignify_v with_o the_o see_v of_o a_o archbishop_n who_o during_o the_o interregnum_fw-la of_o the_o king_n hold_v the_o supreme_a authority_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o summon_v the_o diet_n to_o poland_n do_v also_o belong_v the_o dutchy_n of_o russia_n noire_n cujavia_n mazovia_n prussia_n and_o polaquie_n noire_fw-fr russia_n noire_fw-fr russia_n noire_n have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n loewenberg_n and_o belz_n both_o chief_a of_o their_o palatinate_n oujavia_n have_v for_o its_o principal_a place_n brzesti_n and_o vladislau_n cujavia_n cujavia_n both_o chief_a of_o their_o castelwicks_n place_n mazovia_n with_o its_o place_n mazovia_n have_v only_o one_o palatinate_n viz._n czersk_n under_o which_o be_v comprise_v several_a city_n and_o castlewicks_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v warzaw_n one_o of_o the_o fair_a in_o the_o kingdom_n it_o ofttimes_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n a_o place_n note_v for_o its_o excellent_a metheglin_n here_o make_v prussia_n be_v consider_v in_o two_o part_n prussia_n prussia_n which_o be_v call_v royal_a and_o ducale_v prussia_n royal_a be_v immediate_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n and_o have_v its_o palatinate_n in_o the_o city_n of_o 1._o dantzick_n seat_v on_o the_o vistula_n at_o its_o influx_n into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o great_a mountain_n which_o hang_v over_o it_o it_o be_v the_o fair_a best_a and_o of_o the_o great_a trade_n of_o any_o in_o prussia_n through_o this_o city_n run_v a_o river_n very_o commodious_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n whereon_o be_v many_o mill_n for_o the_o grind_n of_o corn_n which_o be_v here_o find_v in_o great_a plenty_n as_o also_o a_o water-mill_n for_o the_o conveyance_n of_o water_n in_o pipe_n to_o their_o house_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o great_a trade_n for_o corn_n with_o england_n and_o other_o part_n they_o have_v a_o great_a many_o granary_n or_o storehouse_n for_o the_o same_o which_o be_v hither_o bring_v they_o from_o poland_n 2._o elbin_n though_o but_o small_a yet_o a_o fair_a city_n and_o indifferent_o well_o frequent_v by_o the_o english_a merchant_n 3._o marienburg_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o dutch_a knight_n 4._o culne_v and_o 5._o thorn_n which_o though_o it_o have_v no_o palatinate_n be_v esteem_v by_o many_o next_o to_o dantzick_n prussia_n ducale_v belong_v to_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenbourg_n who_o hold_v it_o from_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n it_o have_v only_o one_o palatinate_n at_o koningsberg_n seat_v on_o a_o inlet_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o wash_v with_o the_o river_n pegel_n it_o be_v a_o fair_a city_n a_o famous_a mart_n and_o a_o good_a university_n and_o before_o its_o coast_n be_v gather_v great_a quantity_n of_o ambergriece_n this_o ambergriece_n be_v the_o juice_n of_o a_o stone_n grow_v like_o coral_n on_o a_o rock_n in_o the_o north-sea_n continual_o cover_v with_o water_n and_o in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n and_o december_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v rend_v from_o the_o rock_n and_o cast_v into_o the_o havens_n of_o the_o neighbour_a country_n polaqvie_n be_v a_o small_a province_n between_o the_o estate_n of_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n polaquie_n polaquie_n and_o seem_v to_o have_v belong_v to_o mozavia_n bielsk_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o its_o palatinate_n and_o hitherto_o we_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o estate_n of_o poland_n almost_o all_o on_o the_o vistula_n or_o the_o river_n that_o fall_v into_o it_o on_o which_o be_v seat_v the_o three_o fair_a city_n of_o these_o quarter_n viz._n cracow_n towards_o its_o spring_n
whole_a estate_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o moscovy_n be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n thâ—â—_n any_o other_o in_o europe_n stretch_v itself_o 5_o or_o 600_o league_n in_o length_n and_o breadâ—â—_n reach_v from_o the_o 48th_o degree_n of_o latitude_n unto_o the_o 70th_o or_o 72_o and_o from_o the_o 50th_o of_o longitude_n unto_o the_o 100th_o and_o sometime_o to_o the_o 110th_o moscovy_n have_v its_o estate_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n by_o tartary_n and_o beyond_o the_o river_n volga_n and_o oby_n on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o caspian_a or_o euxine_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n by_o the_o septentrional_a or_o freeze_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o west_n by_o norway_n the_o estate_n of_o sweden_n and_o poland_n commodity_n â—ts_n commodity_n the_o commodity_n that_o this_o empire_n yield_v be_v rich_a fur_n of_o divers_a sort_n pot-ash_n hemp_n flax_n honey_n wax_n cable_n yarn_n and_o other_o cordage_n feather_n '_o linen_n cloth_n both_o course_n and_o fine_a train-oyle_n rozin_n pitch_n caviar_n tallow_n iron_n salt_n sea-horse_n tooth_n astracan-hides_a tann'd-hides_a rawâ—hides_n dried-fish_n great_a increase_n of_o grain_n with_o many_o other_o good_a commoâ—dities_n here_o be_v great_a store_n of_o cattle_n elke_n stag_n bear_n wolf_n venison_n tiger_n lynx_n hare_n etc._n etc._n great_a plenty_n of_o fowl_n and_o fish_n common_a with_o we_o in_o england_n and_o the_o earth_n afford_v they_o plenty_n of_o fruit_n root_n and_o herb_n the_o air_n be_v exceed_o sharp_a and_o pierce_a in_o the_o winter_n and_o subject_a to_o exâ—cessive_v great_a frost_n but_o what_o with_o their_o warm_a clothing_n with_o fur_n and_o their_o stove_n in_o their_o house_n they_o endure_v it_o well_o enough_o and_o as_o their_o winter_n be_v thus_o cold_a their_o summer_n be_v as_o hot_a and_o troublesome_a the_o sun_n be_v as_o it_o werâ—_n above_o their_o horizon_n to_o the_o r._n t_o honorable_n s._n r_o edu_n dering_n of_o surrenden_n dering_n in_o kent_n bart_n one_o of_o the_o lord_n comissioner_n of_o his_o ma_n y_o treasury_n this_o map_n be_v most_o humble_o dedicate_v by_o richard_n brome_n 〈◊〉_d â—app_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o russia_n blanch_n or_o moscovia_n design_v by_o mouncr._n â—â—â—â—â—n_n geographer_n to_o the_o french_a king_n this_o country_n according_a to_o some_o be_v call_v the_o mother_n of_o rivers_n rivers_n rivers_n among_o which_o the_o volga_n the_o don_n or_o tana_n and_o the_o dovine_n or_o dwine_n be_v the_o most_o famous_a and_o especial_o the_o volga_n which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o noble_a in_o all_o europe_n both_o for_o its_o course_n and_o the_o force_n of_o its_o water_n run_v 7_o or_o 800_o league_n and_o receive_v abundance_n of_o other_o river_n inhabit_v moscovy_n ill_o inhabit_v moscovy_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v ill_o inhabit_a and_o especial_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o east_n these_o quarter_n be_v cold_a full_a of_o forest_n and_o some_o of_o their_o people_n idolater_n that_o which_o be_v towards_o sweden_n and_o poland_n be_v more_o frequent_v more_o civilise_v and_o its_o city_n and_o town_n better_o build_v that_o which_o lie_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o in_o all_o likelihood_n shall_v be_v the_o best_a be_v partly_o mahometan_n and_o often_o infect_v by_o the_o petit_fw-fr tartar_n but_o a_o word_n or_o two_o of_o its_o people_n about_o moscow_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o most_o civilise_a and_o ingenious_a people_n it_o be_v people_n the_o people_n be_v natural_o ingenious_a enough_o yet_o they_o addict_v themselves_o neither_o to_o art_n or_o science_n but_o chief_o to_o traffic_n and_o husbandry_n in_o which_o they_o be_v very_o subtle_a they_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v great_a liar_n perfidious_a treacherous_a distrustful_a crafty_a revengeful_a quarrelsome_a proud_a much_o addict_v to_o woman_n and_o strong_a drink_n but_o tobacco_n be_v forbid_v among_o they_o their_o house_n be_v but_o mean_a and_o as_o ill_o furnish_v content_v themselves_o to_o lie_v on_o mat_n or_o straw_n instead_o of_o bed_n they_o be_v gross_a feeder_n yet_o have_v wherewithal_o to_o feed_v delicious_o their_o habit_n which_o they_o seldom_o or_o never_o change_v be_v much_o the_o same_o with_o the_o ancient_a greek_n wear_v long_a robe_n of_o cloth_n satin_n silk_n habit._n their_o habit._n cloth_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n which_o be_v beset_v with_o pearl_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n by_o which_o together_o with_o their_o attendance_n they_o be_v know_v and_o under_o these_o robe_n they_o wear_v close_a goat_n and_o drawer_n begirt_a themselves_o with_o swash_n on_o their_o foot_n they_o wear_v buskin_n and_o on_o their_o head_n cap_n instead_o of_o hat_n adorn_v with_o pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n which_o in_o their_o salutation_n they_o move_v not_o only_o bow_v their_o body_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n fat_a and_o corpulent_a esteem_v great_a belly_n and_o long_a and_o great_a beard_n for_o a_o comeliness_n the_o woman_n though_o indifferent_a handsome_a yet_o make_v use_n of_o paint_n in_o the_o performance_n of_o their_o nuptial_a rite_n they_o use_v many_o ceremony_n which_o be_v large_o treat_v of_o by_o adam_n olearius_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v the_o ambassador_n travel_n into_o moscovy_n and_o persin_n who_o description_n i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o wherein_o he_o say_v that_o young_a man_n and_o maid_n be_v debar_v the_o society_n of_o each_o other_o maiden_n not_o be_v allow_v the_o freedom_n of_o the_o street_n or_o society_n with_o man_n marriage_n their_o ceremony_n in_o marriage_n it_o happen_v that_o no_o marriage_n be_v make_v but_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o parent_n and_o the_o bargain_n be_v agree_v on_o by_o they_o the_o wedding-day_n be_v appoint_v the_o night_n before_o which_o the_o young_a man_n make_v his_o never_o yet_o see_v bride_n a_o present_a according_a to_o their_o quality_n he_o say_v further_a that_o there_o be_v two_o woman_n appoint_v by_o they_o who_o be_v to_o take_v order_n for_o the_o make_v the_o nuptial_a bed_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v make_v upon_o about_o 40_o sheaf_n of_o rye_n which_o be_v encompass_v with_o a_o great_a many_o barrel_n of_o wheat_n and_o other_o grain_n all_o thing_n be_v make_v ready_a the_o bridegroom_n late_o in_o the_o evening_n go_v to_o the_o bride_n accompany_v with_o his_o friend_n and_o relation_n together_o with_o the_o priest_n who_o be_v to_o marry_v they_o ride_v before_o they_o and_o be_v receive_v in_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o table_n where_o three_o dish_n of_o meat_n be_v bring_v but_o none_o eat_v thereof_o then_o after_o some_o ceremony_n the_o bride_n be_v bring_v in_o rich_o clad_v in_o a_o sit_v dress_n for_o that_o solemnity_n by_o the_o say_a woman_n who_o place_v she_o by_o the_o bridegroom_n and_o to_o prevent_v their_o see_v one_o another_o beside_o the_o vaâ—l_n over_o the_o bride_n face_n they_o be_v part_v by_o a_o piece_n of_o crimson_a tassety_n which_o be_v hold_v by_o two_o youth_n which_o do_v the_o say_a woman_n tie_v up_o her_o hair_n in_o two_o knot_n paint_v she_o put_v a_o crown_n neat_o make_v and_o gild_a on_o her_o head_n and_o habit_n she_o like_o a_o marry_a woman_n the_o other_o woman_n choose_v by_o they_o paint_v the_o bridegroom_n and_o whilst_o this_o be_v do_v the_o woman_n get_v up_o on_o bench_n and_o sing_v several_a song_n then_o after_o several_a ridiculous_a ceremony_n they_o go_v to_o the_o church_n and_o before_o the_o priest_n give_v they_o the_o benediction_n he_o carry_v they_o to_o the_o offer_v which_o consist_v of_o fry_v meat_n fish_n and_o pastry_n the_o benediction_n be_v give_v by_o hold_v image_n over_o their_o head_n and_o the_o priest_n take_v the_o bridegroom_n by_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o bride_n by_o the_o left_a and_o ask_v they_o three_o time_n if_o they_o will_v love_v one_o another_o as_o man_n and_o wife_n ought_v and_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o their_o consent_n to_o which_o both_o answer_n yes_o then_o all_o the_o people_n join_v hand_n and_o dance_n whilst_o they_o and_o the_o priest_n sing_v the_o 128_o psalm_n which_o end_v he_o put_v a_o garland_n of_o rue_n about_o their_o head_n say_v increase_n and_o multiply_v and_o then_o consummate_v the_o marriage_n say_v who_o god_n have_v join_v together_o let_v no_o man_n separate_v which_o be_v pronounce_v several_a wax-candle_n be_v light_v and_o the_o priest_n be_v present_v with_o a_o glass_n of_o claret_n and_o be_v pledge_v by_o the_o marry_a couple_n he_o throw_v down_o the_o glass_n and_o he_o and_o the_o bride_n tread_v it_o under_o their_o foot_n say_v may_v they_o thus_o fall_v at_o our_o foot_n and_o be_v tread_v to_o piece_n who_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o sow_v discontent_n betwixt_o we_o then_o after_o
inlet_n thereof_o a_o very_a good_a trade_a town_n and_o have_v a_o considerable_a market_n for_o all_o provision_n especial_o fish_n on_o thursdays_n st._n juâ—â—_n ivos_fw-la st._n ivos_fw-la or_o st._n ithes_n seat_v on_o a_o open_a bay_n so_o call_v chief_o frequent_v by_o fisherman_n for_o the_o take_n of_o pilchard_n and_o other_o fish_n which_o be_v here_o plentiful_o catch_v it_o be_v a_o town_n corporate_a govern_v by_o a_o major_n a_o justice_n and_o 12_o alderman_n send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n and_o have_v 2_o market_n weekly_o viz._n on_o wednesdays_n and_o saturday_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o man_n live_v here_o to_o a_o very_a great_a age_n and_o be_v strong_a hardy_a and_o addict_v to_o wrestle_v pitch_v the_o bar_n and_o other_o boisterous_a sport_n more_o than_o any_o other_o english_a man_n by_o helford_n be_v a_o great_a rock_n lie_v upon_o the_o ground_n the_o top_n whereof_o be_v hollow_a and_o fill_v with_o water_n which_o ebb_v and_o flow_v as_o the_o sea_n do_v there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a rock_n in_o this_o shire_n call_v mainamber_n which_o rest_v upon_o other_o small_a rock_n which_o with_o the_o push_n of_o a_o finger_n may_v be_v move_v but_o can_v be_v move_v out_o of_o its_o place_n by_o all_o the_o art_n man_n can_v use_v describe_v country_n of_o cumberland_n describe_v cumberland_n a_o county_n far_o engage_v northwards_o be_v very_o mountainous_a and_o much_o incline_v to_o sterility_n yet_o not_o without_o many_o fertile_a valley_n both_o for_o tillage_n and_o pasturnge_n it_o have_v a_o air_n very_o sharp_a and_o will_v be_v more_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o high_a hill_n that_o break_v off_o the_o northern_a and_o western_a storm_n in_o the_o howel_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v rich_a mine_n of_o copper_n in_o great_a plenty_n also_o those_o of_o iron_n lead_v black-lead_a â—oal_n and_o some_o of_o silver_n and_o the_o sea_n and_o large_a lake_n and_o meers_n plentiful_o furnish_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o fish_n and_o fowl_n and_o beside_o these_o commodity_n this_o county_n produce_v several_a manufacture_n among_o which_o heretofore_o fustian_n and_o now_o linnen-cloth_n and_o course_n broad-cloth_n in_o great_a plenty_n the_o mountain_n of_o most_o note_n be_v black-koum_a hard-knot_n wrey-nose_n skiddow_n and_o crossfell_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v well_o water_v with_o rivers_n and_o have_v many_o lake_n and_o meers_n this_o shire_n of_o all_o other_o in_o england_n show_v the_o most_o roman_a antiquity_n for_o be_v in_o the_o utmost_a limit_n of_o their_o possession_n it_o be_v always_o secure_v by_o their_o garrison_n and_o defend_v by_o that_o admirable_a wall_z call_v the_o pict_n wall_n which_o run_v from_o sea_n to_o sea_n about_o 100_o mile_n and_o be_v 8_o foot_n broad_a and_o 12_o foot_n high_a and_o have_v at_o every_o 1000_o pace_n a_o watch-tower_n erect_v in_o which_o soldier_n be_v keep_v and_o on_o this_o wall_n grow_v the_o vulnerary_a plant._n and_o be_v thus_o in_o the_o confine_n of_o scotland_n it_o be_v exceed_o strengthen_v with_o castle_n have_v about_o 25_o public_a one_o beside_o the_o house_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n which_o be_v general_o build_v castle-wise_a it_o be_v sever_v into_o 5_o waâ—ds_n in_o which_o be_v 58_o parish_n church_n beside_o divers_a chapel_n of_o ease_n and_o have_v 15_o market_n to_n carlisle_z a_o city_n of_o great_a antiquity_n carlisle_n carlisle_n and_o no_o less_o pleasant_o than_o commodious_o seat_v at_o the_o influx_n or_o meeting_n of_o several_a river_n viz._n the_o eden_n cauda_fw-la and_o petterill_a which_o on_o all_o part_n except_o the_o south_n encompass_v it_o and_o for_o its_o further_a defence_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a and_o large_a castle_n and_o citadel_n and_o fence_v about_o with_o a_o strong_a wall_n first_o build_v by_o egfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n which_o be_v deface_v by_o the_o dane_n and_o again_o rebuilt_a by_o king_n rufus_n its_o house_n be_v fair_a and_o well_o build_v be_v beautify_v with_o a_o cathedral_n church_n of_o curious_a workmanship_n it_o enjoy_v several_a immunity_n send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o major_n 12_o alderman_n 2_o bailiff_n and_o other_o sub-officer_n it_o be_v a_o place_n well_o inhabit_v and_o trade_v unto_o chief_o for_o fustian_n and_o its_o market_n which_o be_v on_o saturday_n be_v very_o considerable_a for_o corn_n wool_n provision_n and_o several_a country_n commodity_n cockermouth_n seat_v between_o the_o derwent_n and_o the_o coker_n cockermouth_n cockermouth_n which_o almost_o encompass_v it_o over_o which_o be_v two_o fair_a stone-bridge_n and_o between_o two_o hill_n upon_o one_o of_o which_o stand_v the_o church_n a_o fair_a building_n and_o upon_o the_o other_o a_o spacious_a and_o stately_a castle_n it_o be_v a_o well_o inhabit_v borough_n town_n grace_v with_o fair_a building_n enjoy_v a_o good_a trade_n especial_o for_o course_n broad-clothâ—_a here_o make_v have_v the_o election_n of_o parliament_n man_n and_o its_o market_n which_o be_v on_o mondays_n be_v esteem_v the_o best_a in_o the_o county_n for_o corn_n next_o to_o perith._n here_o be_v a_o custom_n at_o their_o fair_n hold_v at_o whitsuntide_n and_o martlemass_n for_o the_o hire_v of_o servant_n to_o which_o end_n all_o such_o that_o want_v servant_n or_o service_n do_v hither_o come_v the_o like_a be_v observe_v at_o perith_n and_o most_o of_o the_o market-town_n in_o the_o county_n whithaven_n seat_v on_o a_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n whithaven_n whithaven_n indifferent_a commodious_a for_o ship_n which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v well_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v by_o tradesman_n especial_o by_o fisherman_n and_o those_o that_o be_v relate_v to_o sea-affair_n who_o drive_v a_o good_a trade_n to_o ireland_n scotland_n chester_n bristol_n and_o other_o part_n have_v a_o custom-house_n and_o several_a vessel_n belong_v to_o the_o town_n who_o chief_a trade_n be_v for_o salt_n and_o coal_n here_o plentiful_o dig_v up_o it_o be_v market_n be_v keep_v thursdays_n kavenglass_n a_o well_o build_v maritime_a town_n couch_v betwixt_o the_o river_n irt_n ravenglass_n ravenglass_n esk_n and_o mite_n with_o which_o the_o sea_n do_v encompass_v 3_o part_n of_o it_o and_o be_v a_o good_a road_n for_o ship_n which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v a_o place_n of_o some_o trade_n and_o have_v a_o market_n on_o saturday_n keswick_n seat_v in_o a_o valley_n keswick_n keswick_n hem_v in_o with_o hill_n and_o the_o mountain_n call_v derwent_n fell_n wherein_o be_v good_a coppermine_n and_o not_o far_o from_o the_o town_n be_v dug_n up_o black-lead_a or_o wadd_a in_o great_a plenty_n the_o town_n be_v former_o of_o great_a account_n than_o now_o it_o be_v when_o the_o mineral-man_n have_v here_o their_o smelting-house_n be_v at_o present_a not_o very_o considerable_a it_o have_v a_o market_n on_o saturday_n chief_o for_o meal_n flesh_n butter_n and_o cheese_n perith_n seat_v on_o a_o hill_n call_v perith_n fall_v perith._n perith._n and_o near_o the_o river_n eimont_n and_o lowther_n a_o large_a well_o build_v and_o inhabit_v town_n esteem_v the_o second_o in_o the_o county_n although_o neither_o a_o borough_n nor_o town_n corporate_a it_o be_v adorn_v with_o a_o fair_a church_n and_o a_o large_a marketplace_n which_o every_o tuesday_n be_v very_o much_o resort_v unto_o be_v considerable_a for_o corn_n live_v cattle_n divers_a commodity_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n in_o great_a plenty_n describe_v derbyshire_n describe_v derbyshire_n a_o midland_n county_n but_o incline_v towards_o the_o north_n which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v of_o a_o sharp_a air_n especial_o upon_o the_o peak_n mountain_n the_o soil_n be_v general_o fertile_a chief_o the_o south_n and_o east_n part_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v enclose_v and_o improve_v yield_v good_a corn_n and_o grass_n and_o have_v also_o store_n of_o coal_n and_o ironstone_n the_o north_n and_o west_n part_n be_v very_o hilly_a and_o stony_a and_o not_o so_o fertile_a except_o in_o lead-oar_n in_o which_o it_o much_o abound_v yet_o not_o without_o some_o rich_a valley_n and_o on_o the_o hill_n be_v breed_v good_a though_o not_o large_a sheep_n in_o great_a abundance_n for_o fuel_n it_o be_v not_o behold_v to_o wood_n have_v such_o great_a plenty_n of_o coal_n that_o it_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o divers_a neighbour_a county_n it_o be_v well_o water_v with_o rivers_n viz._n the_o trent_n derwent_n dove_n and_o wye_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o be_v pass_v over_o by_o about_o 21_o stone-bridge_n some_o of_o which_o be_v of_o considerable_a note_n as_o burton_n over_o the_o trent_n sustain_v by_o 35_o large_a stone-arche_n swarkeston-bridge_n over_o the_o fame_n river_n repute_v near_o a_o mile_n long_o but_o much_o of_o it_o be_v rather_o a_o causeway_n than_o a_o bridge_n monks-bridge_n over_o the_o dove_n and_o st._n marys-bridge_n at_o derby_n over_o the_o
dane_n it_o be_v at_o present_a a_o place_n of_o a_o large_a extent_n number_v 12_o parish_n church_n beside_o st._n george_n chapel_n and_o for_o its_o abundance_n of_o street_n which_o be_v clean_a and_o neat_o order_v its_o populousness_n and_o good_a trade_n that_o its_o inhabitant_n drive_v both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n it_o may_v be_v range_v in_o the_o number_n of_o city_n it_o be_v a_o town_n corporate_a well_o privilege_v send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o 2_o bailiff_n choose_v out_o of_o 12_o port-man_n and_o 24_o common_a council_n also_o a_o recorder_n town_n clerk_n and_o other_o sub-officer_n it_o be_v well_o serve_v with_o provision_n for_o beside_o its_o shambles_n here_o be_v weekly_o 3_o market_n viz._n on_o wednesdays_n and_o friday_n for_o fish_n and_o butter_n and_o on_o saturday_n for_o provision_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o great_a plenty_n and_o this_o town_n give_v birth_n to_o cardinal_n wolsey_n who_o here_o begin_v a_o magnificent_a college_n which_o still_o bear_v his_o name_n bury_v or_o st._n edmondsbury_a so_o call_v from_o king_n edmond_n the_o martyr_n bury_n bury_n here_o inter_v who_o be_v shoot_v to_o death_n at_o hoxon_n by_o the_o dane_n for_o not_o renounce_v the_o christian_n faith_n this_o town_n be_v very_o pleasant_o seat_v and_o in_o a_o air_n so_o healthful_a that_o make_v it_o to_o be_v much_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v by_o gentry_n it_o be_v a_o town_n corporate_a govern_v by_o a_o alderman_n for_o its_o chief_a magistrate_n beside_o a_o recorder_n and_o other_o sub-officer_n and_o send_v its_o representative_n to_o parliament_n it_o be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n yet_o consist_v but_o of_o two_o parish_n church_n have_v well_o build_v house_n its_o market-hill_n fair-sted_n and_o corn-cross_n be_v spacious_a and_o handsome_a but_o its_o street_n be_v ill_o pave_v chief_o occasion_v by_o the_o heavy_a carriage_n which_o come_v to_o its_o market_n on_o wednesday_n which_o be_v much_o resort_v unto_o be_v the_o chief_a market_n town_n in_o the_o county_n for_o grain_n and_o be_v also_o well_o furnish_v with_o fresh_a fish_n pigeon_n wild_a fowl_n and_o most_o sort_n of_o provision_n this_o town_n be_v famous_a for_o its_o abbey_n which_o for_o fairness_n and_o prerogative_n exceed_v all_o other_o in_o england_n here_o be_v keep_v the_o quarter_n session_n for_o the_o liberty_n of_o st._n edmond_n and_o in_o the_o abby-yard_n stand_v the_o shire-house_n where_o the_o assize_n be_v ordinary_o hold_v for_o the_o county_n newmarket_n compose_v of_o a_o well_o build_v street_n newmarket_n newmarket_n a_o great_a thoroughfare_n town_n full_a of_o inn_n it_o consist_v of_o two_o parish_n church_n the_o one_o in_o this_o county_n and_o the_o other_o in_o cambridgeshire_n but_o its_o marketplace_n and_o street_n be_v whole_o in_o suffolk_n it_o be_v market_n be_v on_o tuesdays_n which_o be_v well_o frequent_v and_o serve_v with_o fish_n wild_a fowl_n and_o other_o provision_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o town_n near_o the_o spacious_a heath_n which_o bear_v its_o name_n so_o commodious_a for_o horse-race_n and_o in_o a_o part_n of_o the_o country_n so_o fit_a for_o field-sport_n it_o be_v much_o resort_v unto_o by_o his_o majesty_n where_o he_o have_v his_o palace_n and_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n mildenhall_n mildenhall_n mildenhall_n seat_v on_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o owse_n a_o large_a market_n town_n grace_v with_o a_o fair_a church_n with_o a_o tall_a steeple_n and_o very_o populous_a have_v distant_a street_n call_v row_v as_o beck-row_n how-row_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o fenward_o belong_v to_o it_o as_o big_a as_o some_o little_a to_n it_o have_v a_o well_o frequent_v market_n especial_o for_o fish_n and_o wild_a fowl_n on_o fridays_n sudbury_n sudbury_n sudbury_n seat_v on_o the_o stour_n over_o which_o it_o have_v a_o fair_a bridge_n lead_v into_o essex_n a_o ancient_a good_a large_a town_n contain_v 3_o parish_n church_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o trade_n of_o clothe_v be_v well_o frequent_v it_o be_v a_o borough_n town_n elect_v parliament_n man_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o major_n 7_o alderman_n 24_o burgess_n and_o other_o sub-officer_n it_o be_v market_n which_o be_v on_o saturday_n be_v well_o resort_v unto_o hadleigh_n hadleigh_n hadleigh_n a_o large_a town_n corporate_a govern_v by_o a_o major_n alderman_n council_z etc._n etc._n have_v the_o accommodation_n of_o two_o market_n weekly_o viz._n on_o mondays_n very_o considerable_a for_o all_o provision_n especial_o meat_n and_o a_o small_a on_o saturdays_n it_o be_v grace_v with_o a_o sumptuous_a church_n be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a trade_n in_o former_a time_n for_o clothing_n but_o at_o present_a have_v lose_v much_o of_o its_o trade_n for_o turky-ware_n as_o also_o for_o bay_n and_o sesse_n stow-market_n stow-market_n stow-market_n seat_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o county_n and_o between_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o gypp_n or_o orwell_n a_o large_a and_o beautiful_a town_n grace_v with_o a_o spacious_a church_n on_o who_o steeple_n be_v a_o lofty_a pinnacle_n not_o easy_a to_o be_v parallel_v it_o have_v a_o market_n on_o thursdays_n which_o be_v well_o serve_v with_o provision_n and_o retail-ware_n and_o the_o grand_a trade_n of_o the_o town_n be_v now_o in_o tammey_n and_o other_o norwich-stuffs_a be_v the_o only_a town_n in_o the_o county_n considerable_a for_o that_o employment_n woodbridge_n woodbridge_n woodbridge_n a_o large_a town_n water_v with_o several_a fresh_a spring_n have_v a_o pleasant_a prospect_n down_o the_o channel_n chief_o at_o high-water_n be_v about_o 6_o mile_n from_o the_o main_a a_o town_n of_o good_a traffic_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n it_o be_v well_o enough_o build_v except_v the_o lowness_n of_o the_o old_a house_n and_o part_n of_o the_o street_n be_v well_o pave_v it_o have_v a_o fair_a church_n in_o which_o be_v several_a monument_n it_o be_v market_n which_o be_v on_o wednesdays_n be_v of_o considerable_a resort_n and_o well_o trade_v unto_o for_o its_o commodity_n viz._n pouldavis_n sackcloth_n plank_n butter_n cheese_n but_o chief_o for_o its_o hemp._n as_o to_o its_o sea-trade_n they_o have_v several_a vessel_n both_o great_a and_o small_a which_o be_v employ_v by_o they_o and_o have_v here_o 4_o or_o 5_o dock_n for_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n aldborough_n aldborough_n aldborough_n a_o coast_n town_n pleasant_o seat_v in_o a_o dale_n a_o large_a long_o and_o plain_o build_v town_n compose_v of_o two_o or_o three_o street_n of_o low_a house_n all_o in_o a_o row_n at_o a_o small_a distance_n from_o this_o town_n be_v slaughden_n where_o they_o have_v a_o commodious_a key_n with_o warehouse_n or_o fish-house_n the_o only_a employment_n of_o the_o town_n be_v for_o fish_n have_v great_a convenience_n for_o dry_v their_o north-sea_n fish_n in_o which_o fishing-trade_n with_o a_o little_a in_o the_o coal-trade_n they_o employ_v several_a vessel_n but_o not_o so_o many_o as_o former_o it_o be_v a_o town_n corporate_a govern_v by_o two_o bailiff_n 10_o capital_a burgess_n with_o 24_o inferior_a enjoy_v ancient_a privilege_n and_o send_v its_o representative_n to_o parliament_n for_o their_o defence_n sea-ward_n they_o have_v about_o 20_o great_a gun_n plant_v it_o be_v market_n be_v on_o saturday_n which_o be_v but_o small_a dunwich_n dunwich_n dunwich_n a_o ancient_a town_n corporate_a send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o two_o bailiff_n and_o other_o sub-officer_n and_o have_v a_o small_a market_n on_o saturday_n it_o be_v a_o town_n of_o great_a antiquity_n be_v in_o the_o year_n 640_o make_v a_o episcopal_n see_v by_o felix_n the_o burgundian_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n it_o contain_v 236_o burgess_n have_v a_o mint_n and_o its_o inhabitant_n be_v rich_a but_o through_o the_o removal_n of_o its_o episcopal_a see_n and_o the_o encroachment_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o have_v swallow_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o and_o decay_v of_o its_o ship_n and_o trade_n it_o be_v rather_o the_o remain_n of_o a_o town_n than_o one_o bungay_n bungay_n bungay_n sufficient_o water_v by_o the_o waveney_n which_o sever_v it_o from_o norfolk_n it_o be_v a_o good_a large_a town_n contain_v two_o parish_n church_n one_o of_o which_o be_v fair_a and_o between_o both_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o town_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o famous_a nunnery_n it_o be_v market_n be_v on_o thursdays_n which_o be_v great_a and_o well_o resort_v unto_o especial_o by_o those_o of_o norfolk_n beckley_n seat_v also_o on_o the_o waveney_n a_o very_a large_a town_n beckley_n beckley_n have_v a_o considerable_a much_o frequent_v and_o well_o serve_v market_n on_o saturday_n and_o have_v a_o passage-trade_n by_o water_n to_o yarmouth_n the_o town_n be_v but_o plain_o build_v have_v several_a thatch_a house_n but_o grace_v with_o a_o fair_a
have_v a_o stately_a market-house_n enjoy_v a_o good_a trade_n chief_o for_o malt_n and_o be_v the_o place_n where_o the_o assize_n and_o general_a session_n for_o the_o county_n be_v keep_v it_o be_v govern_v by_o a_o major_n 12_o brethren_n 24_o burgess_n a_o recorder_n with_o sub-officer_n among_o its_o immunity_n elect_v parliament_n man_n and_o its_o market_n which_o be_v on_o saturday_n be_v very_o great_a for_o corn_n and_o provision_n near_o unto_o this_o town_n be_v guy-cliff_n most_o pleasant_o seat_v among_o grove_n and_o fresh_a stream_n where_o guy_n of_o warwick_n be_v say_v to_o have_v build_v a_o chapel_n and_o after_o he_o have_v leave_v off_o his_o exploit_n here_o lead_v a_o hermetical_a life_n and_o be_v here_o inter_v stratford_n stratford_n stratford_n seat_v on_o the_o avon_n over_o which_o it_o have_v a_o fair_a stone-bridge_n sustain_v by_o 14_o arch_n it_o be_v a_o good_a large_a town_n have_v for_o divine_a worship_n two_o church_n be_v well_o inhabit_v enjoy_v a_o considerable_a trade_n for_o malt_n here_o make_v and_o have_v a_o market_n on_o thursdays_n which_o be_v very_o well_o serve_v with_o corn_n and_o provision_n bromicham_n bromicham_n bromicham_n seat_v very_o dry_a on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n it_o be_v a_o large_a and_o well_o build_v town_n very_o populous_a much_o resort_v unto_o and_o enjoy_v a_o very_a great_a trade_n for_o iron_n and_o steel_n wares_n and_o tool_n here_o make_v also_o for_o saddle_n and_o bridle_n which_o find_v good_a vent_n at_o london_n ireland_n and_o other_o part_n and_o its_o market_n be_v on_o thursdays_n which_o be_v very_o considerable_a for_o live_a cattle_n corn_n malt_n and_o provision_n beside_o the_o manufacture_n of_o the_o town_n at_o newenham-regis_a be_v a_o spring_n who_o water_n if_o drink_v with_o salt_n loosn_v and_o if_o with_o sugar_n bind_v the_o body_n and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v very_o sovereign_a against_o ulcer_n imposthume_n and_o the_o gout_n describe_v county_z of_o westmoreland_z describe_v the_o county_n of_o westmoreland_z so_o call_v as_o lie_v among_o moor_n and_o high_a hill_n or_o fell_n general_o of_o a_o barren_a soil_n and_o very_o mountainous_a but_o not_o without_o many_o fruitful_a valley_n both_o for_o tillage_n and_o pasturage_n and_o be_v well_o water_v with_o fresh_a stream_n here_o be_v several_a meers_n and_o lakes_n as_o winder-mere_a which_o be_v the_o great_a stand_a water_n in_o england_n rydale-water_n ester-water_n gresmere-water_n kent-mee_a vlles-water_n brother-water_n hawse-water_n and_o other_o this_o county_n be_v divide_v or_o sever_v into_o two_o barony_n viz._n kendale_n barony_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o ward_n of_o kendale_n and_o lonsdale_n and_o the_o other_o barony_n call_v the_o barony_n of_o westmoreland_n be_v divide_v into_o eastward_n and_o westward_n and_o of_o these_o in_o order_n kirby-lonsdale_n kirby-lonsdale_n kirby-lonsdale_n or_o the_o church-town_n in_o lonsdale_n seat_v on_o the_o lon_n over_o which_o it_o have_v a_o large_a stone-bridge_n and_o in_o a_o rich_a vale._n it_o be_v a_o large_a and_o well_o build_v town_n beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a church_n a_o well_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v town_n both_o to_o church_n and_o market_n esteem_v the_o great_a in_o the_o county_n next_o to_o kendale_n and_o its_o market_n on_o thursdays_n be_v well_o serve_v with_o provision_n and_o trade_v unto_o for_o cloth_n kendale_n kendale_n kendale_n or_o kirby-kendale_a a_o very_a fair_a large_a well-built_a inhabit_v and_o frequent_v borough_n and_o market_n town_n which_o for_o good_a building_n largeness_n neatness_n and_o good_a manufacture_n be_v the_o chief_a in_o the_o county_n it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o a_o considerable_a trade_n the_o people_n much_o addict_v themselves_o to_o traffic_n not_o only_o in_o their_o old_a manufacture_n of_o cotton_n and_o course_n woollen_a cloth_n but_o of_o late_a in_o drugget_n serge_n hat_n worsted-stocking_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o much_o enrich_n the_o town_n and_o adjacent_a part_n it_o be_v most_o pleasant_o seat_v in_o a_o valley_n so_o call_v among_o hill_n and_o on_o the_o river_n can_v or_o kent_n over_o which_o it_o have_v two_o fair_a stone-bridge_n beside_o one_o of_o wood_n which_o lead_v to_o the_o castle_n now_o ruinous_a the_o town_n be_v build_v in_o form_n of_o a_o cross_n and_o be_v beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a and_o large_a church_n sustain_v by_o five_o row_n of_o pillar_n with_o several_a apartment_n near_o unto_o which_o be_v a_o free-school_n well_o endow_v and_o to_o this_o church_n belong_v 12_o chapel_n of_o ease_n as_o to_o the_o government_n of_o this_o town_n it_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o a_o major_n 12_o alderman_n 20_o common_a council-man_n a_o recorder_n town_n clerk_n and_o two_o attorney_n who_o attend_v their_o session_n and_o court_n of_o record_n here_o be_v belong_v to_o this_o town_n 7_o company_n viz._n mercer_n shear-man_n cordwainer_n tanner_n glover_n tailor_n and_o pewterer_n each_o have_v their_o hall_n or_o place_n of_o meeting_n and_o for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n have_v a_o very_a great_a market_n for_o corn_n live_v cattle_n and_o provision_n on_o saturday_n apleby_n apleby_n apleby_n of_o note_n for_o its_o situation_n and_o antiquity_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n encircle_v with_o the_o river_n eden_n but_o so_o slender_o people_v with_o idle_a inhabitant_n and_o the_o building_n so_o mean_a although_o of_o late_a much_o amend_v that_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o assize_n and_o session_n here_o hold_v it_o will_v be_v little_a better_o than_o a_o village_n it_o be_v a_o very_a ancient_a town_n corporate_a govern_v by_o a_o major_n and_o 12_o alderman_n with_o sub-officer_n enjoy_v large_a immunity_n send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n and_o be_v discharge_v from_o pay_v toll_n in_o all_o place_n except_o london_n and_o york_n here_o be_v a_o hospital_n or_o alms-house_n erect_v and_o liberal_o endow_v by_o the_o lady_n clifford_n for_o the_o relief_n of_o 13_o decay_a widow_n who_o be_v call_v the_o mother_n and_o her_o 12_o sister_n the_o market_n be_v here_o keep_v on_o saturdays_n which_o be_v well_o serve_v with_o corn_n and_o provision_n kirby-stevens_n kirby-stephens_n kirby-stephens_n beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a church_n seat_v near_o the_o hill_n towards_o yorkshire_n it_o be_v a_o good_a and_o well_o know_v town_n which_o of_o late_o be_v much_o improve_v by_o the_o trade_n of_o make_v stocking_n and_o have_v a_o good_a market_n on_o friday_n at_o stainmore_n a_o great_a hill_n be_v a_o cross_n say_v to_o be_v erect_v upon_o a_o peace_n conclude_v between_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o malcolme_n king_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o that_o by_o the_o say_a place_n each_o kingdom_n shall_v know_v their_o limit_n and_o on_o this_o stone-cross_n which_o be_v call_v ree-cross_n that_o be_v the_o cross_n of_o king_n be_v engrave_v the_o arm_n of_o the_o king_n on_o the_o southside_n those_o of_o england_n ree-cross_n ree-cross_n and_o on_o the_o north_n those_o of_o scotland_n wilts_n county_n of_o wilts_n wilt-shire_n a_o inland_a county_n no_o less_o fertile_a than_o delightful_a it_o be_v northern_a part_n have_v delectable_a hill_n well_o clothe_v with_o wood_n and_o water_v with_o fresh_a stream_n among_o which_o be_v the_o isis_n which_o soon_o become_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v southern_a part_n be_v more_o even_o and_o exceed_v fertile_a in_o corn_n and_o grass_n feed_v great_a flock_n of_o sheep_n and_o be_v also_o well_o water_v with_o the_o avon_n willy_n and_o alder_a and_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o county_n be_v plain_a and_o level_a bear_v the_o name_n of_o salisbury-plain_a which_o be_v a_o large_a tract_n of_o ground_n which_o feed_v good_a flock_n of_o sheep_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o this_o county_n be_v a_o dike_n call_v wansdike_n which_o run_v many_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o be_v a_o place_n of_o some_o wonder_n be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v for_o the_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mercian_n from_o that_o of_o the_o westsaxons_a this_o be_v the_o place_n where_o they_o fight_v for_o the_o enlargement_n of_o their_o dominion_n and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o ina_n the_o west-saxon_a join_a battle_n with_o geolred_n the_o mercian_n whence_o both_o of_o they_o quit_v the_o field_n with_o equal_a loss_n this_o county_n be_v divide_v into_o 29_o hundred_o in_o which_o be_v seat_v 304_o parish_n church_n and_o have_v for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n 20_o market_n to_n salisbury_n salisbury_n salisbury_n a_o city_n of_o great_a antiquity_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v common_o call_v new-sarum_n as_o raise_v out_o of_o the_o old_a which_o be_v seat_v on_o a_o great_a eminence_n be_v design_v for_o strength_n and_o war_n yet_o honour_v with_o a_o episcopal_n see_v and_o a_o fair_a cathedral_n this_o city_n of_o new_a sarum_n be_v
the_o gadeni_n who_o possess_v the_o county_n of_o lothien_n merche_n and_o teifidale_a or_o tivedale_n 2._o the_o selgovae_n or_o counties_n liddisdale_n eusedale_n eskedale_n annadale_n and_o nidthesdale_n 3._o the_o novantes_fw-la or_o shire_n of_o galloway_n carrickt_v kyle_n cunningham_n and_o arran_n 4._o the_o damnii_n or_o county_n of_o cludesdale_n strivel_a lennox_n menteith_z and_z fife_z 5._o the_o caldedonii_n or_o shire_n of_o stratherne_n argile_n cantire_n lorne_n albany_z or_o bruidalbin_n perch_n athol_n and_o anguis_fw-la 6._o the_o vermin_n or_o county_n of_o mernis_n and_o marr._n 7._o the_o talgali_a or_o county_n of_o buquhan_n 8._o the_o vacomagi_n or_o county_n of_o murray_n and_o loquabrea_n 9_o the_o cantae_n or_o shire_n of_o ross_n and_o sutherland_n 10._o the_o catini_n or_o county_n of_o cathanes_n and_o 11._o the_o cornubii_fw-la or_o county_n of_o strathnaverne_n sheriffdom_n scotland_n divide_v into_o sheriffdom_n these_o part_n be_v again_o according_a to_o their_o civil_a government_n divide_v into_o sheriffdom_n stewarty_n and_o bailiffwicks_n viz._n the_o county_n or_o sheriffdom_n of_o edinburgh_n lynlythio_n selkirk_n roxburgh_n peblis_n berwick_n lanarke_n renfrew_n dunfreis_n wighton_n aire_n bute_n argile_n tarbet_n dunbarton_n perch_n clackmannan_n kinros_n fife_n kincardin_n forfair_n aberdene_n bamff_n elgin_n forres_n narne_n innerness_n cromartie_n orknay_n and_o shetland_n the_o stewarty_n of_o menieith_n stewarty_n stewarty_n kircudbrieht_n stratherne_n and_o annandale_n the_o bailiwick_n of_o kile_n bailywick_n bailywick_n carrickt_v and_o cunningham_n division_n it_o be_v further_a division_n again_o scotland_n according_a to_o the_o situation_n of_o its_o part_n province_n or_o county_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n to_o wit_n southwards_o and_o on_o this_o side_n the_o tay_n which_o make_v the_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o the_o pict_n so_o call_v for_o that_o they_o paint_v their_o body_n like_o the_o ancient_a britain_n from_o who_o they_o be_v say_v to_o descend_v which_o be_v the_o more_o confirm_v for_o that_o the_o northern_a britain_n convert_v to_o the_o faith_n by_o st._n colombe_n be_v call_v britain_n pict_n and_o eastward_n northwards_o and_o beyond_o the_o tay_n which_o make_v the_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o the_o scot_n beside_o abundance_n of_o isle_n disperse_v in_o its_o northern_a and_o western_a sea_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o shall_v be_v treat_v of_o county_n its_o county_n the_o county_n comprehend_v in_o the_o south-part_n be_v lothien_n merche_n teifidale_n or_o tivedale_n eskdale_n euskdale_n liddesdule_n annadale_n nydthesdale_n galloway_n carrickt_v kyle_n cunningham_n cludesdale_n lennox_n strivel_a menteith_n fife_n stratherne_n argile_n lorne_n cantyre_n and_o arran_n and_o these_o in_o the_o north_n part_n be_v albany_z or_o badalbin_n paerch_n athol_n anguis_fw-la mernis_fw-la buquihan_n marr_n muray_n loquabrea_n ross_n sutherland_n strathnaverne_n and_o cathanes_n and_o of_o these_o in_o order_n fertility_n it_o be_v name_n and_o fertility_n the_o county_n of_o lothien_n in_o former_a time_n by_o the_o pict_n call_v pictland_n shoot_v itself_o forth_o from_o merche_n unto_o the_o sea_n a_o country_n very_o hilly_a and_o but_o thin_o clothe_v with_o wood_n but_o for_o the_o fertility_n of_o its_o earth_n and_o the_o civility_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n be_v deserve_o esteem_v the_o flower_n of_o all_o scotland_n the_o chief_a place_n be_v place_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n edinburgh_n or_o edenborow_n of_o old_a castrum_n alatum_fw-la the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v situation_n be_v high_a in_o a_o wholesome_a air_n and_o rich_a soil_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o commodious_a haven_n call_v leth-haven_n edinburgh_n edinburgh_n not_o above_o a_o mile_n distant_a it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o good_a trade_n and_o well_o resort_v unto_o by_o ship_n this_o city_n chief_o consist_v of_o one_o street_n which_o run_v about_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n which_o receive_v divers_a petty_a street_n and_o lane_n so_o that_o its_o circuit_n may_v be_v about_o three_o mile_n which_o be_v strong_o begird_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o at_o the_o west-end_n of_o the_o city_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o rock_n be_v seat_v a_o fair_a and_o powerful_a castle_n with_o many_o tower_n which_o command_v the_o city_n and_o be_v esteem_v in_o a_o manner_n impregnable_a it_o belong_v once_o to_o the_o english_a till_o in_o anno_fw-la 960._o the_o scot_n take_v it_o from_o they_o when_o oppress_v by_o the_o danish_a tyranny_n it_o be_v well_o water_v with_o clear_a spring_n and_o fountain_n be_v adorn_v with_o many_o fair_a edifice_n as_o well_o public_a as_o private_a the_o principal_a among_o which_o be_v the_o king_n palace_n a_o fair_a structure_n and_o its_o private_a house_n be_v general_o fair_a lofty_a build_v of_o freestone_n and_o so_o well_o inhabit_v that_o several_a family_n have_v their_o abode_n under_o one_o roof_n it_o be_v also_o dignify_v with_o the_o court_n of_o judicature_n high_a court_n of_o parliament_n and_o with_o a_o university_n and_o be_v the_o scale_n of_o trade_n for_o the_o kingdom_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o their_o coin_n weight_n and_o measure_n as_o to_o their_o coin_n measure_v their_o coin_n weight_n and_o measure_v note_v that_o 13_o ½_n d._n sterling_a make_v a_o mark_n scotch_a 6_o ¼_n d._n sterling_a a_o scotch_a noble_a and_o 20_o d._n sterling_a a_o scotch_a pound_n their_o weight_n use_v in_o merchandize_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 100_o of_o which_o make_v their_o quintal_n or_o c_o which_o be_v find_v to_o make_v at_o london_n 108_o l._n averdupois_n their_o measure_n for_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n and_o be_v about_o 4_o per_fw-la cent._n great_a than_o the_o english_a ell._n their_o liquid_a measure_n be_v such_o as_o in_o england_n but_o of_o a_o double_a content_n a_o pint_n be_v a_o english_a quart_n and_o so_o answerable_a their_o dry_a measure_n be_v also_o the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o england_n but_o also_o big_a athelstanford_n so_o call_v from_o athelstane_n a_o chief_a commander_n of_o the_o english_a athelstanford_n athelstanford_n which_o be_v there_o slay_v with_o most_o of_o his_o man_n about_o the_o year_n 815._o haddington_n seat_v in_o a_o wide_a and_o broad_a plain_n a_o place_n of_o good_a account_n haddington_n haddington_n and_o which_o the_o english_a fortify_v with_o a_o deep_a and_o large_a ditch_n and_o other_o fortification_n dunbar_n situate_a on_o the_o seashore_n once_o defend_v by_o a_o strong_a castle_n dunbar_n dunbar_n which_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o merch_n a_o place_n which_o have_v ofttimes_o be_v take_v by_o the_o english_a and_o as_o often_o retake_v by_o the_o scot_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o demolishment_n since_o which_o it_o be_v honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o earldom_n north-barwick_n seat_v on_o edenbrough-frith_n north-barwick_n north-barwick_n a_o place_n in_o former_a age_n famous_a for_o its_o house_n of_o religious_a virgin_n not_o far_o from_o this_o place_n and_o near_o the_o shoar_n bass-island_n bass-island_n lie_v a_o small_a isle_n call_v bass-island_n which_o feem_v to_o be_v a_o high_a craggy_a rock_n and_o to_o be_v almost_o cut_v through_o by_o the_o undermine_a sea-wave_n it_o have_v a_o fountain_n of_o water_n and_o fresh_a pasture_n and_o above_o all_o be_v remarkable_a for_o the_o exceed_a great_a abundance_n of_o those_o goose_n call_v scout_n and_o soland-geese_n which_o here_o frequent_a and_o breed_v which_o as_o i_o before_o note_v be_v very_o profitable_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o these_o part_n lyth_n have_v a_o most_o commodious_a haven_n be_v the_o present_a port_n to_o edinburgh_n lyth_n lyth_n abercorne_v seat_v on_o the_o forth_o or_o frith_n abercorne_n abercorne_n in_o former_a time_n of_o note_n for_o its_o famous_a monastery_n as_o at_o present_a for_o give_v title_n of_o a_o earldom_n unto_o the_o duke_n of_o hamilton_n linquo_fw-la linquo_fw-la linquo_fw-la or_o linlithquo_n say_v to_o be_v the_o ancient_a city_n of_o lindum_n mention_v by_o ptolemy_n a_o place_n once_o beautify_v with_o a_o house_n of_o the_o king_n and_o a_o fair_a church_n describe_v county_n of_o merch_n describe_v merch_n a_o county_n so_o call_v as_o be_v a_o march_n it_o be_v whole_o on_o the_o german_a ocean_n be_v of_o great_a note_n for_o its_o earl_n thereof_o and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n coldingham_n cadingham_n cadingham_n call_v by_o bede_n the_o city_n coldana_n a_o place_n of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o note_n for_o it_o chafe_v nun_n for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o together_o with_o ebba_n their_o prioress_n cut_v off_o their_o own_o nose_n and_o lip_n to_o render_v themselves_o deform_v that_o the_o dane_n may_v not_o deflower_v they_o but_o this_o so_o exasperate_v they_o that_o they_o not_o only_o burn_v their_o monastery_n but_o they_o therein_o not_o far_o from_o coldingham_n be_v fast-castle_n fast-castle_n fast-castle_n and_o here_o the_o sea_n
themselves_o in_o the_o sea_n which_o serve_v for_o its_o eastern_a bound_n it_o be_v interlace_v with_o hill_n and_o forest_n and_o garnish_v with_o divers_a fort_n and_o castle_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v dundee_n dundee_n dundee_n seat_v on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n tay_n a_o note_a and_o well_o resort_v town_n for_o trade_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o commodious_a port_n for_o ship_n brechin_n brechin_n brechin_n situate_a on_o the_o river_n south-eske_n near_o its_o fall_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o dignify_v by_o king_n david_n the_o first_o with_o a_o episcopal_a see_n nigh_o unto_o this_o town_n be_v red-head_n a_o place_n not_o unknown_a to_o seaman_n montross_n montross_n montross_n of_o old_a celurca_n of_o some_o account_n for_o be_v honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o earldom_n arbroth_n seat_v near_o the_o sea_n a_o town_n endow_v with_o large_a revenue_n arbroth_n arbroth_n and_o by_o king_n william_n dedicate_v to_o a_o religious_a use_n in_o honour_n of_o thomas_n of_o canterbury_n mernis_fw-la fertile_a very_o fertile_a or_o mernia_n a_o small_a but_o plain_a and_o fertile_a champaâ—â—â—_n country_n which_o shoot_v itself_o forth_o on_o the_o german_a ocean_n it_o be_v chief_a placâ—_n be_v dunnotyr_n dunnotyr_n dunnotyr_n defend_v by_o a_o strong_a castle_n seat_v on_o a_o high_a and_o inaccessibâ—â—_n rock_n near_o the_o sea_n fordon_n fordon_n fordon_n seat_v also_o not_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n buqvihan_n wash_v with_o the_o sea_n who_o wave_n do_v here_o cast_v up_o mighty_a mass_n of_o amber_n of_o a_o inestimable_a value_n it_o have_v good_a pasture_n most_o to_o feed_v sheep_n who_o wool_n be_v excellent_a and_o its_o river_n breed_v store_n of_o salmon_n which_o be_v have_v at_o such_o easy_a rate_n that_o it_o be_v scarce_o worth_a the_o trouble_n of_o takin_n they_o it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v rotheniay_v and_o stanes_n adjoin_v to_o this_o country_n lie_v boena_fw-la and_o bamff_n a_o small_a sheriffdom_n alâ—_n ajuza_n a_o little_a territory_n of_o no_o great_a note_n marr_n marr._n marr._n a_o long_a and_o narrow_a county_n somewhat_o incline_v to_o mountain_n bâ—_n well_o water_v with_o the_o do_v or_o dee_n well_o store_v with_o salmon_n and_o other_o fisâ—_n its_o chief_a place_n be_v aberdene_n aberdene_n aberdene_n feat_v on_o the_o seashore_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o do_v dignify_v wiâ—â—_n a_o episcopal_n see_v have_v a_o hospital_n also_o a_o free-grammar-school_n and_o be_v of_o no_o for_o take_v of_o salmon_n kildrumy_a kildrumy_a and_o kildrumy_a murray_n murray_n murray_n a_o pleasant_a and_o fertile_a county_n and_o the_o rather_o as_o water_v wiâ—â—_n the_o spey_n findorne_v and_o the_o river_n and_o lake_n nessa_n which_o reach_v aboâ—â—â—_n 23_o mile_n in_o length_n the_o water_n whereof_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v so_o warm_a that_o it_o neuâ—_n be_v sound_a to_o freeze_v and_o this_o lake_n be_v its_o northern_a limit_n as_o the_o spey_n be_v its_o easterr_v all_o which_o empty_a themselves_o in_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o form_v a_o bay_n its_o chiâ—â—_n place_n be_v innernes_n innernes_n innernes_n bean-castle_n which_o ptolemy_n think_v to_o be_v banatia_n and_o here_o anno_fw-la 1460._o a_o marble-vessel_n artificial_o engrave_v full_a of_o roman_a coin_n wâ—_n find_v narden_n narden_n narden_n or_o narne_v a_o hereditary_a sheriffdom_n and_o here_o stand_v within_o a_o bâ—_n land_n a_o strong_a fortress_n of_o a_o great_a height_n which_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o dane_n again_o the_o scot_n innerne_n innerlothea_n innerlothea_n and_o innerlothea_n in_o former_a time_n two_o eminent_a fortification_n alâ—_n elgin_n and_o rothes_n rothes_n elgin_n rothes_n place_n honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o earldom_n loqvabrea_n a_o county_n well_o store_v with_o river_n and_o lake_n whicâ—_n empty_a themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n it_o have_v also_o good_a pasture_n yet_o be_v it_o very_o mouâ—â—tainous_a and_o well_o clothe_v with_o wood_n and_o in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v minâ—_n of_o iron_n iron-mine_n iron-mine_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v innerlothey_n innerlothey_n innerlothey_n once_o of_o good_a account_n be_v well_o frequent_v and_o trade_v unto_o but_o through_o the_o piracy_n and_o war_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o norwegian_n who_o razâ—_n it_o it_o have_v now_o scarce_o any_o remain_v leave_v ross_z sertility_n it_o be_v sertility_n a_o large_a mountainous_a and_o woody_n county_n which_o reach_v froâ—_n one_o sea_n to_o the_o other_o have_v great_a plenty_n of_o stag_n deer_n wildfowl_n and_o fisâ—_n its_o chief_a place_n be_v cromarty_n cromarty_n cromarty_n or_o the_o haven_n of_o safety_n as_o have_v so_o secure_a and_o capacious_a a_o haâ—â—_n bour_o for_o ship_n lovet_n ness-mouth_n lovet_n ness-mouth_n and_o lovet_n in_o this_o county_n be_v the_o territory_n of_o ardmanoch_n ardmanoch_n ardmanoch_n very_o mountainous_a froâ—_n which_o the_o second_o son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n bear_v their_o title_n sutherland_n regard_v the_o sea_n be_v well_o water_v with_o rivers_n bâ—_n side_n the_o large_a lough_n or_o lake_n shyn_n almost_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o country_n weâ—â—â—_n ward_v of_o which_o be_v great_a store_n of_o hill_n from_o which_o be_v dug_n excellent_a whiâ—â—_n marble_n very_o good_a for_o curious_a work_n it_o be_v a_o country_n more_o fit_a for_o breediâ—_n of_o cattle_n dorne_n dunrobin_n dorne_n than_o for_o tillage_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a place_n dunrobin_n anâ—_n dorno_n barren_a very_o cold_a and_o barren_a strathnaverne_n a_o county_n far_o engage_v northwards_o whicâ—_n with_o cathanes_n have_v the_o utmost_a northern_a coast_n of_o all_o britain_n which_o must_v oâ—_n casion_v it_o to_o be_v of_o a_o very_a cold_a temperature_n it_o be_v very_o much_o incline_v to_o sterility_n tongue_n strabubaster_n tongue_n be_v mountainous_a and_o but_o ill_o inhabit_v it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v strabubaster_n anâ—_n tongue_n a_o map_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n by_o ric_n blome_n by_o his_o majesty_n come_v to_o the_o r_o t_o honorable_n ric_n boil_v earl_n of_o burlington_n &_o â—â—ron_n cliford_n of_o lansborro_n in_o england_n earl_n of_o cork_n viscount_n dungaruen_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o lord_n high_a treasurer_n of_o ireland_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o the_o rt._n honorable_n roger_n boil_v earl_n of_o orrery_n &_o baron_n 〈◊〉_d broghill_n in_o ireland_n and_o of_o his_o ma_n be_v most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n &c_n &c_n this_o map_n be_v humble_o dediâ—â—â—â—â—_n 〈◊〉_d the_o r_o t_o honorable_n sr._n rob_n kilrâ—â—ray_v of_o terry_n &_o bâ—â—on_n in_o england_n kt._n &_o bart_n 〈◊〉_d of_o londonderry_n &_o baron_n of_o crallon_n 〈◊〉_d in_o 〈◊〉_d county_n in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &c._n &c._n his_o estate_n in_o ireland_n be_v call_v medinshill_n this_o map_n 〈…〉_o of_o 〈…〉_o be_v dd_n by_o ric_n bloâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d the_o r_o t_o honorable_n earl_n of_o arran_n viscâ—â—llough_n baron_fw-fr butler_n of_o clougrenan_n &_o 〈◊〉_d of_o his_o may_n s_o most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o map_n of_o the_o province_n of_o 〈◊〉_d be_v humble_a dd_n by_o ric_n blomâ—_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d honorable_n 〈◊〉_d baron_n of_o 〈…〉_o mai_n s_o army_n of_o 〈…〉_o his_o 〈◊〉_d most_o honorable_n 〈…〉_o this_o map_n of_o the_o provence_n of_o 〈…〉_o humble_o dd_v by_o ric_n blome_n cathanes_n a_o county_n wash_v with_o the_o eastern_a ocean_n where_o it_o form_v several_a creek_n and_o be_v well_o water_v with_o rivers_n which_o afford_v good_a store_n of_o fish_n from_o which_o and_o by_o the_o graze_a and_o feed_v of_o cattle_n the_o inhabitant_n get_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o livelihood_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v dornock_n a_o mean_a place_n yet_o the_o see_v of_o a_o bishop_n dornock_n dornock_n catnes_n a_o maritime_a town_n dignify_v with_o a_o earldom_n catnes_n catnes_n nigh_o unto_o this_o town_n southwards_o be_v ness-head_n and_o northwards_o dunesbe-head_n both_o maritime_a place_n and_o girnego_n girnego_n girnego_n mountain_n three_o mountain_n in_o this_o tract_n be_v three_o promontory_n to_o wit_n vrdehead_n of_o old_a berubium_n dunsby_n or_o dunscanby_n of_o old_a virvedrum_n and_o howbum_n of_o old_a orcas_n there_o be_v several_a isle_n disperse_v about_o this_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n as_o the_o orcades_n shetland_n and_o hebrides_n which_o may_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o belong_v thereunto_o but_o as_o to_o the_o description_n thereof_o they_o shall_v be_v treat_v of_o among_o the_o other_o small_a isle_n belong_v in_o general_a to_o great_a britain_n after_o we_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n ireland_n situation_n it_o be_v situation_n ireland_n environ_v on_o all_o side_n by_o the_o sea_n and_o next_o to_o great_a britain_n may_v claim_v priority_n of_o all_o other_o in_o europe_n it_o be_v a_o country_n general_o of_o a_o fertile_a soil_n and_o plentiful_o store_v with_o cattle_n fowl_n and_o fish_n fertility_n fertility_n but_o be_v mountainous_a woody_n waterish_a and_o full_a of_o unprofitable_a lough_n or_o
degree_n of_o latitude_n which_o be_v 72_o degree_n of_o latitude_n and_o make_v about_o 1800_o of_o our_o league_n in_o this_o length_n and_o breadth_n we_o do_v not_o comprehend_v the_o island_n which_o belong_v to_o asia_n which_o be_v as_o great_a as_o rich_a and_o possible_o as_o numerous_a as_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o universe_n situation_n it_o be_v situation_n it_o be_v situation_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v between_o the_o circular_a tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o arctic_a pole_n scarce_o extend_v itself_o beyond_o this_o but_o surpass_v the_o other_o in_o divers_a of_o its_o isle_n which_o it_o expand_v under_o the_o equator_fw-la so_o that_o almost_o all_o asia_n be_v situate_a in_o the_o temperate_a zone_n what_o it_o have_v under_o the_o torrid_a be_v either_o peninsula_n or_o isles_n which_o the_o water_n and_o sea_n may_v easy_o refresh_v part_n asia_n the_o rich_a of_o all_o the_o four_o part_n asia_n be_v the_o great_a the_o best_a and_o most_o temperate_a part_n of_o our_o continent_n it_o must_v by_o consequence_n be_v the_o rich_a which_o not_o only_o appear_v in_o the_o goodness_n and_o excellency_n of_o its_o grain_n vine_n fruit_n herb_n etc._n etc._n but_o likewise_o in_o its_o great_a quantity_n of_o gold_n silver_n precious_a stone_n spice_n drug_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o rarity_n which_o it_o send_v forth_o and_o communicate_v to_o other_o part_n and_o particular_o to_o europe_n a_o general_n map_n of_o asia_n design_v by_o mounsie_n r_o sanson_n geographer_n to_o the_o french_z king_n &_o render_v into_o english_a &_o ilustrate_v by_o ric_n blome_n by_o his_o majesty_n especial_a command_n london_n print_v for_o ric_n blome_n 1669_o to_o the_o rt._n noble_a christopher_n duke_n of_o albemarle_n earl_n of_o torington_n baron_fw-fr monk_n of_o potheridge_n beauchamp_n and_o teys_n kt._n of_o ye._n most_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n lord_n lieutenant_n of_o devon-shire_n &_o ess_n ex_fw-la captain_n of_o his_o majesty_n guard_n of_o horse_n one_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o his_o bedchamber_n &c_n &c_n one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o most_o honorable_n privy_a council_n this_o map_n be_v most_o humble_o d.d._n by_o r._n b_o name_n it_o be_v name_n the_o name_n of_o asia_n be_v derive_v diverse_o by_o sundry_a author_n but_o whether_o it_o take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o virgin-woman_n or_o a_o philosopher_n whether_o from_o some_o city_n country_n or_o marish_a or_o from_o whatever_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o that_o name_n be_v first_o know_v to_o the_o greek_n on_o that_o coast_n opposite_a to_o they_o towards_o the_o east_n afterward_o it_o be_v give_v to_o that_o region_n which_o extend_v to_o the_o euphrates_n and_o which_o be_v call_v asia_n minor_n and_o be_v communicate_v to_o all_o the_o most_o oriental_a region_n of_o our_o continent_n bound_n its_o bound_n its_o bound_n be_v towards_o the_o north_n with_o the_o northern_a freeze_a or_o scythian_a ocean_n to_o wit_n that_o which_o wash_v tartary_n on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n with_o the_o oriental_a or_o indian_a ocean_n the_o part_n of_o which_o be_v the_o sea_n of_o china_n india_n and_o arabia_n towards_o the_o west_n asia_n be_v separate_v from_o africa_n by_o the_o red-sea_n from_o the_o straight_a of_o babelmandel_a unto_o the_o isthmus_n of_o suez_n and_o from_o europe_n by_o the_o archipelago_n by_o the_o sea_n of_o marmora_fw-la and_o by_o the_o black-sea_n draw_v a_o line_n across_o all_o these_o sea_n and_o pass_v by_o the_o straight_a of_o galipoli_n or_o the_o dardanelles_n by_o the_o straight_a of_o constantinople_n or_o channel_n of_o the_o black-sea_n by_o the_o straight_a of_o caffa_n or_o vospero_n the_o line_n continue_v by_o the_o sea_n of_o zabaque_n and_o by_o the_o river_n of_o don_n or_o tana_n of_o volga_n and_o of_o oby_n where_o they_o be_v join_v the_o near_a one_o to_o another_o division_n it_o be_v division_n asia_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o firm_a land_n and_o island_n the_o firm_a land_n comprehend_v the_o kingdom_n of_o turkey_n in_o asia_n arahia_n persia_n india_n china_n and_o tartary_n we_o will_v follow_v this_o order_n and_o then_o end_v with_o the_o isle_n turkey_n in_o asia_n or_o that_o which_o the_o grand_a signior_n do_v possess_v in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n in_o asia_n wherein_o be_v several_a region_n country_n isy_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v consider_v as_o they_o lie_v western_o and_o towards_o europe_n as_o anatolia_n or_o asia_n minor_fw-la wherein_o be_v comprise_v several_a province_n all_o which_o be_v at_o present_a by_o the_o grand_a signior_n include_v under_o four_o beglerbegly_n that_o be_v lord_n lieutenant_n to_o wit_n those_o of_o anatolia_n particular_o so_o call_v smyrna_n ephesus_n pergamon_n troya_n burfia_n comana_n chaloedoine_n scutari_n sinopi_n castele_n angouri_n sardis_n philadelphia_n caramania_n archalich_n side_n nigdia_n tarsus_n satalia_n antiochia_n tocat_fw-la amasia_n tocat_fw-la trebisonde_v caisaria_n caraisar_n marast_n arsingan_n sukas_n aladuli_n vardar_n adana_n maaraz_n manbeg_n south-western_o as_o divers_a isle_n as_o they_o lie_v in_o the_o archipelago_n mediterranean_n and_o aegean_a sea_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v cyprus_n nicosia_n paphos_n salamis_n amathus_n arsinoe_n famagusta_n rhodes_n rhodes_n metelin_n of_o old_a lesbos_n metelino_n medina_n samos_n samo_n tenedos_n tenedos_n scarpante_v scarpante_v lero_o lero_o negropont_o colchis_n coos_n coos_n lero_o lero_o pathmos_n pathmos_n scio_fw-la or_o chios_n scio_fw-la icaria_n of_o old_a icarus_n nicaria_n southern_o and_o regard_v arabia_n and_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n as_o souria_n or_o syria_n with_o its_o part_n of_o syria_n propria_fw-la aleppo_n aman_n zeugma_n antioch_n samosat_n hemz_n or_o emsa_n hierapolis_n alexandretetts_n phoenicia_n tripoli_n say_v or_o sidon_n tyre_n or_o sore_o damascus_n acre_n palestine_n former_o judea_n canaan_n or_o the_o holy-land_n jerusalem_n samaria_n naplouse_n gaza_n joppa_n or_o jussa_fw-la southern_o and_o towards_o arabia_n deserta_fw-la as_o assyria_n now_o diarbeck_n with_o its_o part_n of_o chaldea_n or_o babylonia_n now_o yerack_n bagd_v or_o babylon_n balsera_n cousa_fw-la orchoe_n sipparum_fw-la mesopotamia_n or_o the_o particular_a diarbeck_n orpha_n caraemid_n merdin_n asanchif_n carra_n sumiscasack_n virta_n assyria_n now_o arzerum_n mosul_n of_o old_a ninive_n schiarazur_n eastern_o and_o regard_v persia_n as_o turcomania_n with_o its_o part_n of_o turoomans_n erzerum_fw-la car_n curd_n schildir_n bitlis_n georgiens_n derbent_v tiflis_fw-la north-eastern_o and_o towards_o the_o caspian_a sea_n as_o georgia_n with_o its_o part_n of_o avogasia_n st._n sophia_n mingrelie_n phazza_n savatopoli_fw-it gurgistaâ—_n cori_n bassachiuch_o quiria_n zitrach_n stranu_n chipicha_n northern_o and_o towards_o moscovy_n as_o comania_n asof_n maurolaco_n serent_fw-la â—versâ—â—_n secundis_n to_o the_o r_o t_o honorable_n heanage_n earl_n of_o winchelseâ—_n vis_fw-fr t_o maidstone_n baron_fw-fr fitz_n herbert_n of_o eastwell_n lord_n of_o the_o royal_a manor_n of_o wye_n and_o lord_n leiutenant_n of_o kent_n and_o 〈◊〉_d this_o map_n be_v humble_o d._n d_o by_o r._n b_o a_o map_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o turkish_a empire_n in_o asia_n and_o europe_n design_v by_o mon_fw-fr sr_o sanson_n geographer_n to_o the_o french_a king_n turkey_n in_o asia_n under_o the_o name_n of_o turkey_n in_o asia_n we_o understand_v not_o all_o which_o the_o great_a turk_n possess_v but_o only_o certain_a region_n which_o he_o alone_o possess_v or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o estate_n intermix_v they_o be_v inconsiderable_a and_o in_o this_o turkey_n we_o shall_v find_v anatolia_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v asia_n minor_a the_o great_a souria_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v syria_n the_o great_a turcomania_n by_o the_o ancient_n call_v armenia_n the_o great_a then_o diarbeck_n which_o answer_v to_o mesopotamia_n and_o to_o divers_a part_n of_o assyria_n and_o the_o chaldea_n or_o babylonia_n of_o the_o ancient_n anatolia_n be_v that_o great_a peninsula_n which_o be_v wash_v on_o the_o north_n by_o the_o black-sea_n mare_n major_n or_o euxine_a sea_n and_o on_o the_o south_n by_o that_o part_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a which_o we_o call_v the_o levant_n sea_n which_o extend_v westward_o to_o the_o archipelago_n or_o aegean_a sea_n and_o thence_o to_o the_o euphrates_n which_o bound_v it_o on_o the_o east_n anatolia_n the_o part_n of_o asia_n minor_n or_o anatolia_n the_o ancient_n divide_v this_o great_a asia_n minor_a into_o many_o lesser_a region_n of_o which_o the_o principal_a be_v viz._n pontus_n bythinia_n little_a asia_n minor_n into_o lycia_n galatia_n pamphilia_n cappadocia_n cilicia_n caria_n jonia_n aeolis_n lydia_n phrygia_n major_n and_o minor_a paphlagonia_n lycaonia_n pysidia_n armenia_n minor_n mysia_n the_o isle_n of_o rhodes_n etc._n etc._n but_o at_o present_a the_o turk_n do_v in_o general_n call_v this_o great_a asia_n minor_n anatolia_n which_o signify_v orient_a that_o part_n of_o anatolia_n which_o be_v
sea_n and_o near_o the_o bosphorus_n of_o thrace_n be_v cyanee_n n_z =_o 1._o cyanee_n the_o two_o island_n call_v cyanee_n so_o near_o the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o that_o the_o ancient_n will_v make_v we_o believe_v they_o join_v lesbos_n n_z =_o 2._o lesbos_n metelin_n of_o old_a lesbos_n famous_a for_o the_o city_n meteline_n which_o for_o its_o greatness_n and_o excellency_n of_o its_o wine_n give_v name_n to_o the_o island_n in_o this_o place_n be_v bear_v sapph_n the_o inventress_n of_o the_o sapphick_a verse_n pittacus_n one_o of_o the_o sage_n of_o greece_n and_o arion_n the_o dolphin_n harper_n scio._n n_z =_o 3._o scio._n scio_fw-la or_o chios_n distant_a from_o the_o ionian_a shore_n four_o league_n be_v in_o compass_n about_o 126_o mile_n remarkable_a for_o the_o church_n of_o its_o convent_n of_o niomene_n one_o of_o the_o fair_a in_o the_o world_n it_o afford_v excellent_a fruit_n in_o great_a plenty_n but_o of_o most_o note_n for_o its_o mastic_n not_o find_v elsewhere_o it_o be_v now_o under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n icaria_n n_z =_o 4._o icaria_n icaria_n now_o call_v niceria_n in_o compass_n 12_o league_n here_o icarus_n suffer_v shipwreck_n abound_v in_o corn_n and_o pasturage_n pathmos_n n_z =_o 5._o pathmos_n pathmos_n in_o compass_n about_o ten_o league_n mountainous_a but_o reasonable_o fruitful_a especial_o in_o grain_n here_o it_o be_v that_o st._n john_n be_v banish_v by_o domitian_n write_v his_o revelation_n to_o the_o church_n of_o asia_n parmacusa_n n_z =_o 6._o parmacusa_n parmacusa_n near_o miletum_n where_o caesar_n be_v take_v by_o they_o claros_n n_z =_o 7._o claros_n claros_n or_o casamo_n about_o 13_o league_n in_o compass_n very_o mountainous_a but_o have_v good_a harbour_n in_o former_a time_n sacred_a to_o apollo_n abound_v in_o great_a plenty_n of_o aloe_n where_o they_o be_v gather_v and_o transport_v to_o other_o country_n lero_o n_z =_o 8._o lero_o lero_o note_v also_o for_o aloe_n coos_n n_z =_o 9_o coos_n coos_n seat_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o aegean_a sea_n furnish_v with_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a stream_n which_o refresh_v this_o island_n and_o make_v it_o very_o fruitful_a it_o be_v in_o compass_n 23_o league_n have_v its_o chief_a place_n so_o call_v fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a tower_n now_o a_o garrison_n of_o the_o turk_n this_o island_n be_v remarkable_a for_o be_v the_o birth-place_n of_o so_o many_o famous_a man_n especial_o hypocrates_n the_o revivor_n of_o physic_n when_o almost_o decay_v unto_o the_o ancient_a practice_n of_o aesculapius_n unto_o who_o this_o island_n be_v consecrate_v have_v therein_o a_o temple_n make_v rich_a with_o the_o offering_n of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v sick_a who_o cure_n be_v there_o register_v and_o apelles_n the_o famous_a painter_n scarpante_v n_z =_o 10._o scarpante_v scarpante_v store_v with_o the_o best_a coral_n in_o the_o world_n nicosia_n n_z =_o 11._o nicosia_n nicosia_n which_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o 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fleece_n and_o thrust_v forth_o a_o great_a many_o promontory_n this_o island_n during_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o macedonian_n be_v account_v for_o nine_o kingdom_n most_o of_o they_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o their_o principal_a town_n but_o by_o prolomy_n divide_v into_o these_o 4_o province_n viz._n 1._o lapethia_n 2._o paphia_n 3._o salamine_n and_o 4._o amathusia_n cyprus_n province_n in_o cyprus_n place_n of_o most_o note_n be_v 1._o nicosia_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o island_n be_v a_o wall_a city_n in_o form_n round_o five_o mile_n in_o compass_n adorn_v with_o stately_a building_n resemble_v some_o city_n in_o florence_n as_o well_o for_o its_o beauty_n and_o pleasant_a situation_n as_o for_o its_o plentifulness_n in_o people_n 2._o tremitas_fw-la the_o birth-place_n of_o spiridon_n a_o famous_a bishop_n of_o the_o primitive_a time_n 3._o paphos_n seat_v near_o the_o sea_n build_v by_o paphos_n son_n of_o pygmalion_n king_n of_o phoenicia_n and_o cyprus_n 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at_o present_v the_o turk_n possess_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o keep_v still_o or_o do_v not_o long_o since_o beglerby_n at_o erzerum_n car_n revan_n van_fw-mi schildir_n tefflis_n and_o derbent_a beside_o which_o there_o be_v many_o city_n of_o considerable_a note_n some_o of_o which_o the_o persian_n hold_v 1._o place_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n erzerum_fw-la on_o the_o euphrates_n near_o the_o black_a sea_n on_o which_o and_o not_o far_o from_o erzerum_n be_v trebisonde_v which_o facilitate_v a_o great_a trade_n between_o the_o east_n west_n and_o north_n for_o come_v from_o the_o indian_a ocean_n by_o the_o gulf_n of_o ormus_n and_o so_o up_o the_o euphrates_n they_o may_v receive_v pass_v by_o what_o come_v from_o the_o west_n to_o aleppo_n and_o carry_v it_o unto_o erzerum_fw-la from_o whence_o to_o trebisonde_v by_o land_n be_v not_o above_o 25_o or_o 30_o league_n 2._o gar_z char_n or_o likewise_o chissery_n be_v four_o or_o five_o day_n journey_n from_o 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between_o turcomania_n persia_n and_o other_o southern_a province_n of_o asia_n to_o zuire_v the_o kingdom_n of_o astracan_a and_o other_o more_o northern_a estate_n of_o europe_n and_o asia_n it_o be_v situation_n be_v upon_o the_o utmost_a mountain_n which_o regard_v the_o taberestan_a or_o the_o caspian_a sea_n and_o all_o be_v so_o well_o fortify_v that_o the_o turk_n have_v take_v occasion_n to_o call_v the_o place_n demir_n or_o temir_n capi_n or_o the_o port_n of_o iron_n and_o the_o name_n of_o derbent_n signify_v a_o straight_a port_n and_o in_o all_o likelihood_n these_o be_v the_o caspiae_n porte_fw-fr so_o famous_a among_o the_o ancient_n because_o that_o in_o the_o black_a sea_n and_o the_o sea_n of_o tabarestan_n which_o be_v about_o 3_o or_o 400_o thousand_o pace_n it_o be_v all_o high_a mountainous_a and_o hard_o to_o be_v pass_v and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o passage_n they_o be_v infamous_a for_o robbery_n and_o incursion_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n or_o the_o prince_n which_o possess_v they_o make_v this_o city_n be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a strength_n be_v environ_v with_o two_o strong_a wall_n and_o fortify_v with_o tower_n and_o iron-gate_n be_v account_v the_o key_n or_o inlet_n to_o persia_n now_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n 5._o bitlis_n and_o manuscute_fw-la belong_v to_o the_o curd_n who_o have_v here_o many_o and_o divers_a lord_n better_o affect_v to_o the_o persian_n than_o the_o turk_n bitlis_n be_v between_o two_o mountain_n water_v with_o a_o river_n which_o receive_v many_o fair_a fountain_n the_o house_n be_v build_v with_o stone_n which_o be_v rare_a in_o that_o country_n other_o be_v of_o nothing_o but_o wood_n and_o earth_n the_o castle_n be_v seat_v advantageous_o but_o i_o believe_v this_o place_n be_v not_o now_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o turk_n and_o to_o speak_v truth_n we_o have_v at_o present_a little_a knowledge_n of_o any_o thing_n concern_v these_o quarter_n armenia_n 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farza_n armenia_n chief_z rivers_z in_o armenia_n farza_n turn_v his_o course_n towards_o the_o north_n and_o after_o have_v pass_v colchida_n and_o press_v through_o 100_o or_o 120_o bridge_n fall_v into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n araxes_n turn_v towards_o the_o east_n water_v the_o fair_a and_o rich_a plain_n of_o armenia_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n between_o media_n and_o albania_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o euphrates_n descend_v towards_o the_o west_n but_o approach_v the_o euxine_a sea_n it_o turn_v again_o towards_o the_o south_n and_o reunite_v its_o two_o channel_n into_o one_o traverse_n the_o anti-taurus_n and_o taurus_n divide_v armenia_n and_o mesopotamia_n from_o asia_n minor_n syria_n and_o arabia_n descend_v into_o chaldea_n where_o it_o water_v the_o ancient_a babylon_n and_o lose_v itself_o in_o the_o tigris_n this_o last_o descend_v from_o mount_n abus_n and_o the_o georgian_a mountain_n fall_v into_o divers_a lake_n lose_v itself_o and_o rise_v divers_a time_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n cut_v the_o mountain_n niphates_n separate_v mesopotamia_n from_o assyria_n wash_v ninive_n seleucia_n ctesiphon_n receive_v all_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o euphrates_n and_o discharge_v itself_o in_o the_o persian_a gulf_n armenia_n lake_n of_o most_o note_n in_o armenia_n the_o great_a lake_n of_o armenia_n be_v thospitis_n areessa_n and_o lychinte_n this_o last_o be_v towards_o the_o araxes_n and_o the_o caspian_a sea_n areessa_n be_v the_o same_o that_o pliny_n and_o solinus_n call_v arethusa_n thospitis_n according_a to_o ptolemy_n be_v another_o lake_n the_o tigris_n likewise_o cross_n after_o which_o it_o lose_v itself_o the_o second_o time_n the_o first_o have_v its_o water_n so_o as_o it_o will_v take_v spot_n out_o of_o clothes_n but_o be_v not_o good_a to_o drink_v armenia_n king_n of_o eminent_a note_n in_o armenia_n among_o the_o king_n of_o armenia_n which_o make_v themselves_o most_o know_v to_o the_o roman_n or_o 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and_o 18_o in_o
memorable_a for_o be_v the_o birth-place_n of_o philip_n one_o of_o alexander_n successor_n who_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o roman_n emperor_n which_o embrace_v christianity_n 3._o medava_n now_o moab_n according_a to_o the_o translation_n of_o the_o septuagint_n and_o be_v so_o the_o name_n may_v be_v take_v from_o moab_n son_n of_o lot_n elder_a daughter_n from_o whence_o the_o moabite_n descend_v of_o who_o mention_n be_v make_v in_o the_o old_a testament_n 4._o berenice_n so_o name_v from_o a_o egyptian_a queen_n but_o better_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o esion-geber_n here_o it_o be_v that_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n do_v encamp_v where_o also_o those_o ship_n employ_v by_o solomon_n to_o ophir_n do_v make_v their_o ordinary_a harbour_n 5._o sur_fw-fr one_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o amalekite_n give_v name_n to_o a_o wilderness_n there_o adjacent_a remarkable_a for_o the_o great_a victory_n which_o saul_n give_v the_o amalekite_n where_o also_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n first_o encamp_v after_o their_o passage_n through_o the_o red_a sea_n 6._o thara_n where_o korah_n dathan_n and_o abiram_n be_v punish_v and_o 7._o madian_n seat_v towards_o the_o red_a sea_n be_v the_o city_n of_o jethro_n who_o daughter_n zipporah_n moses_n take_v to_o wife_n transact_v remarkable_a thing_n here_o transact_v beside_o these_o city_n there_o be_v some_o other_o yet_o the_o country_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n desert_n and_o be_v the_o same_o where_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n wander_v 40_o year_n there_o where_o then_o inhabit_v the_o moabite_n amalekite_n midianites_n idumaean_n and_o other_o there_o where_o be_v the_o mountain_n of_o sinai_n and_o horeb._n the_o israelite_n be_v in_o these_o desert_n lay_v a_o whole_a year_n near_o this_o mountain_n and_o during_o that_o time_n moses_n receive_v from_o god_n the_o decalogue_n dedicate_v the_o tabernacle_n ordain_v a_o high_a priest_n priest_n and_o levite_n and_o establish_v ecclesiastical_a and_o political_a law_n there_o be_v at_o present_a a_o monastery_n of_o st._n katherine_n build_v by_o justinian_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o pilgrim_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o caloyer_n that_o be_v religious_a greek_n which_o inhabit_v there_o the_o burn_a bush_n in_o which_o god_n appear_v to_o moses_n be_v near_o mount_n horeb._n the_o rock_n which_o moses_n strike_v to_o have_v water_n be_v of_o this_o mount_n and_o likewise_o on_o this_o mountain_n it_o be_v that_o moses_n beseech_v god_n for_o the_o israelite_n against_o the_o amalekite_n also_o mount_v hor_n border_v on_o idumea_n where_o aaron_n die_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n be_v the_o castle_n tor_n a_o borough_n or_o wall_v town_n and_o a_o port_n very_o famous_a where_o it_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o israelite_n have_v pass_v the_o red_a sea_n enter_v the_o desert_n this_o way_n and_o it_o be_v likewise_o a_o great_a passage_n where_o the_o caravan_n stop_v at_o their_o return_n from_o mecca_n describe_v arabia_n the_o desert_n describe_v arabia_n the_o desert_n so_o call_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a sandy_a desert_n and_o the_o uninhabitableness_n thereof_o scarce_o afford_v either_o food_n for_o man_n or_o beast_n so_o that_o those_o which_o travel_v this_o country_n be_v force_v to_o carry_v with_o they_o their_o provision_n and_o guide_v themselves_o to_o the_o place_n design_v by_o the_o help_n of_o star_n as_o they_o do_v at_o sea_n and_o be_v force_v to_o go_v in_o great_a company_n or_o caravan_n for_o fear_v of_o be_v rob_v and_o rifle_v by_o the_o wild_a arab_n who_o here_o inhabit_v in_o tent_n which_o they_o remove_v as_o occasion_n serve_v from_o place_n to_o place_n either_o for_o fresh_a pasture_n or_o otherwise_o and_o yet_o much_o travel_v by_o merchant_n who_o trade_n into_o babylonia_n egypt_n and_o elsewhere_o some_o author_n have_v observe_v in_o the_o course_n of_o their_o trade_n that_o the_o sandy_a desert_n be_v their_o sea_n the_o wild_a arab_n their_o 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be_v situate_a without_o the_o red_a sea_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o great_a ocean_n and_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v make_v a_o island_n fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a castle_n which_o command_v the_o road._n this_o city_n or_o island_n be_v now_o become_v the_o magazine_n for_o the_o commodity_n of_o india_n persia_n and_o arabia_n arabia_n other_o city_n in_o arabia_n above_o aden_n and_o far_o in_o the_o main_a land_n be_v many_o fair_a city_n as_o laghi_n agiaz_n almachazane_n sanaa_n and_o other_o subject_a to_o the_o xecque_n of_o mecca_n laghi_n be_v not_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n agiaz_n or_o hagias_n sometime_o give_v its_o name_n to_o these_o quarter_n almachazane_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n and_o of_o a_o difficult_a access_n it_o have_v a_o cistern_n capable_a to_o hold_v water_n to_o furnish_v a_o 100000_o man_n the_o xecque_n ofttimes_o keep_v court_n here_o sane_n or_o sanaa_n stand_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o 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dead_a within_o three_o hour_n after_o the_o life_n be_v depart_v unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o night_n so_o that_o then_o they_o let_v the_o corpse_n alone_o until_o the_o morning_n they_o wash_v or_o bathe_v the_o body_n of_o their_o dead_a before_o they_o be_v inter_v in_o a_o great_a cestern_a burial_n ceremony_n in_o their_o burial_n which_o they_o have_v for_o the_o same_o purpose_n near_o the_o church_n to_o which_o place_n they_o be_v carry_v on_o a_o bier_n in_o their_o clothes_n and_o after_o they_o be_v strip_v and_o wash_v they_o put_v they_o in_o clean_a linen_n anoint_v they_o and_o so_o bear_v they_o to_o the_o grave_a be_v accompany_v with_o his_o friend_n relation_n servant_n etc._n etc._n in_o this_o order_n first_o go_v those_o of_o his_o blood_n rext_v his_o varlet_n who_o go_v naked_a to_o the_o waist_n the_o rest_n in_o trooze_n who_o to_o express_v their_o love_n scratch_n and_o burn_v their_o breast_n arm_n and_o other_o part_n so_o that_o the_o blood_n oft_o 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and_o his_o arm_n expanded_a as_o they_o say_v to_o embrace_v their_o prophet_n mahomet_n place_v two_o stone_n one_o at_o the_o head_n and_o the_o other_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o grave_a on_o which_o be_v engrave_v in_o arabic_a character_n the_o person_n name_n quality_n and_o time_n of_o burial_n and_o so_o take_v their_o leave_n but_o for_o a_o good_a while_n cease_v not_o to_o visit_v the_o grave_a twice_o a_o day_n beseech_v mahomet_n to_o succour_v he_o against_o his_o two_o bad_a angel_n of_o who_o they_o have_v this_o opinion_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o corpse_n be_v inter_v there_o be_v two_o hideous_a devil_n assail_v he_o the_o one_o they_o call_v muengar_n which_o be_v arm_v with_o a_o iron_n club_n and_o the_o other_o quarequar_fw-la arm_v with_o a_o hook_n of_o flame_v brass_n and_o in_o this_o horrid_a posture_n they_o view_v the_o carcase_n and_o in_o a_o insolent_a manner_n command_v he_o to_o raise_v his_o head_n to_o fall_v prostrate_a upon_o his_o knee_n and_o beg_v his_o soul_n which_o then_o re-enter_v the_o body_n and_o give_v a_o account_n unto_o they_o of_o all_o the_o action_n of_o his_o life_n and_o upon_o examination_n and_o confession_n if_o it_o appear_v that_o his_o life_n be_v good_a they_o vanish_v away_o like_a spirit_n and_o two_o good_a angel_n come_v apparel_v in_o white_a to_o be_v a_o comfort_n unto_o he_o and_o protect_v he_o until_o the_o day_n of_o doom_n not_o stir_v from_o he_o but_o sit_v one_o at_o his_o head_n and_o the_o other_o at_o his_o foot_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o it_o happen_v that_o his_o life_n be_v find_v bad_a than_o these_o infernal_a imp_n be_v his_o tormentor_n the_o one_o knock_v he_o on_o the_o head_n such_o blow_n with_o his_o iron_n club_n as_o beat_v he_o as_o they_o say_v ten_o yard_n into_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o other_o drag_v he_o up_o with_o his_o flame_v hook_n and_o thus_o be_v he_o knock_v down_o by_o one_o and_o drag_v up_o by_o the_o other_o until_o mahomet_n send_v he_o a_o deliverance_n and_o this_o as_o sir_n tho._n herbert_n relate_v in_o his_o book_n of_o travel_n be_v their_o belief_n which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a i_o doubt_v they_o will_v have_v many_o a_o sound_a knock_n and_o tear_a place_n before_o their_o delivery_n to_o person_n of_o quality_n they_o observe_v more_o ceremony_n than_o to_o those_o of_o the_o ordinary_a degree_n make_v feast_n on_o the_o three_o seven_o and_o forty_o day_n after_o the_o corpse_n be_v lay_v in_o the_o grave_a at_o which_o feast_n they_o be_v charitable_a to_o the_o poor_a in_o their_o alm_n deed_n power_n the_o king_n of_o persia_n his_o power_n the_o king_n of_o persia_n govern_v by_o a_o absolute_a power_n dispose_v of_o the_o life_n and_o estate_n of_o his_o subject_n as_o best_a please_v he_o make_v his_o will_n his_o law_n not_o any_o one_o dare_v so_o much_o as_o to_o murmur_v though_o his_o action_n be_v never_o so_o much_o unjust_a their_o king_n come_v to_o the_o government_n by_o succession_n and_o not_o by_o election_n insomuch_o that_o if_o the_o king_n have_v no_o child_n which_o be_v lawful_o beget_v as_o by_o his_o wife_n for_o want_v of_o such_o those_o of_o his_o concubine_n shall_v succeed_v he_o king_n the_o coronation_n of_o their_o king_n upon_o the_o coronation_n of_o their_o king_n among_o other_o ceremony_n he_o be_v present_v with_o a_o crown_n by_o one_o of_o their_o chief_a lord_n which_o he_o take_v put_v it_o to_o his_o forehead_n and_o after_o kiss_v it_o thrice_o in_o the_o name_n of_o mahomet_n and_o of_o aaly_n he_o deliver_v it_o to_o the_o grand_a master_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o put_v it_o on_o his_o head_n the_o people_n make_v great_a shout_n and_o acclamation_n kiss_v his_o foot_n and_o present_v he_o with_o great_a present_n which_o do_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o day_n they_o spend_v in_o feast_v and_o other_o jovialty_n but_o in_o all_o their_o ceremony_n there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o oath_n impose_v upon_o he_o as_o for_o his_o well_o govern_v they_o and_o keep_v and_o preserve_v their_o fundamental_a law_n and_o other_o of_o their_o right_n as_o among_o we_o do_v but_o all_o be_v leave_v to_o his_o sole_a power_n as_o be_v absolute_a there_o be_v belong_v to_o the_o court_n several_a officer_n as_o chancellor_z secretary_n of_o state_n controller_n master_n of_o the_o horse_n master_n of_o the_o ceremony_n together_o with_o several_a other_o officer_n justice_n their_o court_n of_o judicature_n and_o their_o justice_n as_o among_o our_o court_n be_v find_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n be_v decide_v by_o the_o king_n but_o first_o try_v by_o the_o secular_a judge_n who_o examine_v the_o same_o and_o deliver_v up_o their_o opinion_n to_o the_o king_n they_o have_v several_a strict_a and_o severe_a punishment_n which_o they_o inflict_v upon_o the_o offender_n according_a to_o the_o heinousness_n of_o their_o crime_n for_o some_o offence_n they_o cut_v off_o the_o ear_n or_o nose_n sometime_o the_o foot_n or_o hand_n for_o other_o to_o be_v behead_v for_o some_o again_o they_o be_v tie_v between_o two_o board_n and_o so_o saw_v asunder_o with_o several_a other_o cruel_a death_n which_o be_v too_o tedious_a to_o name_v in_o their_o military_a affair_n they_o be_v very_o experience_v affair_n their_o military_a affair_n their_o army_n consist_v only_o of_o horse_n who_o have_v for_o their_o armour_n dart_n and_o javelin_n yet_o have_v they_o some_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o dragoon_n which_o be_v mount_v on_o horse_n who_o have_v musket_n for_o their_o arm_n as_o for_o a_o army_n of_o foot_n together_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o great_a gun_n by_o they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o set_v by_o as_o be_v troublesome_a and_o a_o detarde_a of_o they_o from_o their_o speedy_a and_o great_a march_n they_o be_v very_o expert_a in_o all_o stratagem_n of_o war_n which_o give_v they_o a_o great_a advantage_n over_o their_o enemy_n here_o do_v inhabit_v a_o sort_n of_o people_n call_v gaur_n and_o be_v of_o a_o much_o different_a religion_n from_o the_o persian_n observe_v divers_a ceremony_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o in_o their_o baptism_n they_o use_v no_o circumsition_n instead_o of_o which_o they_o wash_v the_o child_n etc._n etc._n at_o their_o nuptial_n after_o the_o priest_n have_v say_v some_o prayer_n he_o take_v water_n wash_v both_o their_o forehead_n and_o give_v the_o benediction_n when_o they_o be_v sick_a they_o make_v confession_n to_o the_o priest_n and_o bestow_v their_o alm_n in_o hope_n of_o pardon_n of_o their_o sin_n they_o bury_v not_o their_o dead_a but_o carry_v they_o to_o certain_a enclose_a place_n where_o they_o fasten_v they_o to_o high_a stake_n with_o their_o face_n towards_o the_o east_n they_o bear_v a_o great_a adoration_n
have_v no_o place_n worthy_a of_o note_n soret_n be_v seat_v between_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tatta_n on_o the_o west_n soret_n soret_n of_o guzurate_n on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a city_n janagar_n the_o province_n be_v but_o of_o little_a extent_n but_o very_o fruitful_a rich_a and_o well_o people_v naugracut_n cassimere_n bankish_n kakares_n naugracut_n cassimere_n or_o qverimur_fw-la bankish_n kakares_n and_o naugracut_n be_v between_o the_o river_n indus_n and_o ganges_n all_o encompass_v with_o the_o mountain_n of_o bimber_n towards_o the_o indus_n of_o naugracut_n towards_o the_o ganges_n of_o caucasus_n towards_o tartary_n of_o dalanguer_n which_o cross_v they_o and_o separate_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o and_o they_o the_o forest_n of_o these_o mountain_n which_o yield_v so_o much_o wood_n for_o the_o vessel_n which_o alexander_n the_o great_a cause_v to_o be_v build_v to_o descend_v the_o indus_n and_o these_o be_v at_o present_a those_o forest_n which_o give_v so_o much_o divertisement_n of_o chase_n to_o the_o great_a mogoll_n sizinaket_n or_o sirinakar_n though_o unwall_v be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o cassimere_n beishar_n of_o bankish_a dankalar_n and_o purhola_n of_o kakares_n and_o naugracut_n of_o naugracut_n in_o this_o last_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o idol_n marta_n be_v pave_v wanscotted_a and_o seiled_a with_o plate_n of_o gold_n and_o in_o callamacka_fw-mi there_o be_v fountain_n very_o cold_a and_o near_o to_o rock_n from_o whence_o seem_v to_o flash_n out_o flame_n of_o fire_n the_o province_n of_o siba_n have_v for_o its_o chief_a city_n hardware_n siba_n siba_n which_o give_v its_o rise_n to_o the_o river_n ganges_n and_o serenegar_n on_o the_o river_n mansa_fw-la the_o province_n of_o jamba_n give_v name_n to_o its_o chief_a city_n jamba_n jamba_n the_o province_n of_o bakar_n lie_v on_o the_o west_n of_o the_o ganges_n bakar_n bakar_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a city_n bikaner_n the_o province_n of_o sambal_n take_v its_o name_n from_o its_o chief_a city_n so_o call_v sambal_n sambal_n this_o province_n be_v likewise_o call_v doab_n that_o be_v two_o water_n its_o situation_n be_v between_o the_o ganges_n and_o semena_n which_o together_o with_o the_o three_o province_n last_o mention_v be_v without_o or_o on_o this_o side_n the_o ganges_n reach_v almost_o from_o its_o springhead_n unto_o the_o river_n semena_n or_o gemeni_fw-la the_o province_n of_o gor_o take_v its_o name_n from_o its_o chief_a city_n gor._n gor._n and_o give_v its_o rise_n to_o the_o river_n perselis_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o ganges_n the_o province_n be_v very_o mountainous_a the_o province_n of_o kandvana_n have_v for_o its_o chief_a city_n karakantaka_n kanduana_n kanduana_n this_o province_n and_o that_o of_o gor_o which_o be_v beyond_o the_o ganges_n do_v end_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o mogoll_n towards_o the_o north_n meet_v with_o the_o tartar_n of_o turquestan_n the_o province_n of_o mevat_n be_v very_o barren_a who_o chief_a city_n be_v narval_a mevat_fw-la mevat_fw-la which_o end_v it_o towards_o the_o people_n call_v maug_fw-mi and_o other_o which_o we_o esteem_v to_o be_v in_o the_o peninsula_n of_o india_n which_o be_v in_o the_o ganges_n the_o province_n of_o vdessa_n udessa_n udessa_n be_v the_o utmost_a of_o the_o mogoll_n territory_n towards_o the_o east_n which_o be_v also_o within_o the_o ganges_n its_o chief_a place_n be_v jebanac_n the_o province_n of_o pitan_n be_v on_o the_o west_n of_o jamba_n pitan_n pitan_n be_v very_o mountainous_a who_o chief_a city_n give_v name_n to_o the_o province_n the_o river_n randa_n run_v through_o the_o city_n and_o province_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o ganges_n the_o province_n of_o patna_n be_v fruitful_a who_o chief_a city_n be_v so_o call_v patna_n patna_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n perse_o but_o we_o have_v a_o very_a feeble_a and_o incertain_a knowledge_n of_o all_o these_o part_n or_o kingdom_n but_o those_o which_o be_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o particular_o guzurate_a or_o cambaya_n and_o bengala_n be_v better_o know_v fertile_a gusurate_a or_o cambaya_n exceed_v rich_a and_o fertile_a the_o province_n of_o gusurate_a by_o the_o portuguese_n call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o cambaya_n have_v more_o than_o 30_o great_a trading_n city_n and_o be_v without_o doubt_v the_o noble_a great_a rich_a and_o most_o powerful_a province_n of_o all_o the_o mogoll_n country_n yield_v a_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o 15_o or_o 20_o million_o of_o gold_n and_o its_o king_n have_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n 150000_o horse_n and_o 500000_o foot_n 1000_o camel_n etc._n etc._n the_o country_n likewise_o be_v esteem_v the_o most_o fertile_a of_o all_o india_n produce_v all_o sort_n of_o grain_n fruit_n and_o live_a creature_n quantity_n of_o drug_n trade_n its_o commodity_n and_o trade_n spice_n and_o precious_a stone_n not_o have_v any_o mine_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n but_o three_o plant_n which_o bring_v it_o a_o inestimable_a quantity_n as_o well_o from_o the_o gulf_n of_o persia_n and_o the_o red_a sea_n as_o from_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o india_n and_o china_n these_o plant_n be_v cotton_n aniseed_n and_o opium_n beside_o which_o there_o be_v variety_n of_o other_o rich_a commodity_n as_o oil_n sugar_n indigo_n ambergris_n soap_n comfit_n medicinal_a drug_n paper_n wax_n honey_n butter_n salt-peter_n manufacture_n of_o cotton_n linnen-cloth_n carpet_n cabinet_n coffer_n case_n with_o a_o thousand_o other_o curiosity_n which_o its_o inhabitant_n know_v how_o to_o make_v and_o sell_v be_v the_o able_a merchant_n of_o india_n inhabitant_n its_o inhabitant_n they_o be_v likewise_o of_o a_o good_a spirit_n and_o addict_v to_o letter_n serve_v themselves_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o arm_n yet_o know_v nothing_o of_o nobility_n but_o by_o abundance_n of_o riches_n they_o be_v all_o pagan_n or_o mahometan_n the_o pagan_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v pythagorean_n hold_v the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n pythagorean_n pythagorean_n and_o that_o it_o pass_v from_o one_o body_n to_o another_o for_o which_o reason_n they_o so_o much_o honour_v beast_n that_o they_o eat_v they_o not_o but_o keep_v hospital_n to_o receive_v such_o as_o be_v sick_a and_o lame_a the_o cow_n here_o be_v in_o such_o esteem_n with_o they_o that_o a_o merchant_n banian_n according_a to_o the_o report_n of_o texera_n spend_v 10_o or_o 12_o thousand_o ducat_n at_o a_o nuptial_a marry_v his_o cow_n with_o his_o friend_n bull._n this_o kingdom_n be_v in_o part_n peninsula_n between_o the_o gulf_n of_o the_o indies_n and_o cambaya_n and_o in_o part_n on_o the_o main_n which_o stretch_v itself_o towards_o decan_n sea_n it_o be_v extent_n by_o sea_n this_o province_n though_o of_o a_o large_a extent_n yet_o have_v above_o 120_o league_n of_o sea-coast_n on_o which_o it_o have_v several_a fair_a and_o rich_a city_n and_o of_o a_o good_a trade_n as_o also_o great_a quantity_n of_o inland_a town_n and_o city_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v viz._n surat_n surat_n surat_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n tapta_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n 12_o mile_n below_o the_o city_n it_o be_v a_o city_n no_o less_o great_a and_o rich_a than_o populous_a and_o famous_a and_o enjoy_v as_o great_a a_o trade_n as_o any_o city_n in_o india_n be_v much_o frequent_v by_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a where_o they_o have_v their_o precedent_n and_o factory_n and_o where_o they_o have_v their_o house_n for_o the_o negotiation_n of_o their_o affair_n which_o be_v spacious_a and_o well_o build_v this_o city_n be_v build_v four_o square_a its_o house_n flat_a after_o the_o persian_a mode_n and_o reasonable_o beautiful_a have_v the_o benefit_n of_o pleasant_a garden_n it_o have_v several_a mosque_n but_o none_o deserve_v commendation_n it_o be_v defend_v by_o a_o strong_a castle_n and_o have_v a_o strong_a wall_n on_o all_o side_n except_o on_o that_o which_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o river_n and_o for_o its_o entrance_n have_v three_o gate_n its_o port_n be_v six_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n where_o the_o ship_n be_v unlade_v and_o the_o commodity_n bring_v to_o the_o city_n by_o land_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v either_o benjan_o brahmin_n or_o mogoll_n but_o there_o be_v several_a other_o nation_n which_o here_o reside_v as_o persian_n turk_n arabian_n armenian_n jew_n etc._n etc._n drive_v a_o trade_n but_o none_o comparable_a to_o the_o english_a or_o dutch._n it_o be_v other_o place_n of_o note_n be_v 1._o brodra_n brodra_n brodra_n seat_v on_o a_o sandy_a plain_n upon_o a_o small_a river_n well_o fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o fort_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n dyer_n weaver_n and_o other_o worker_n of_o cotton_n for_o which_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a place_n in_o the_o whole_a province_n the_o governor_n of_o this_o city_n have_v also_o under_o its_o jurisdiction_n about_o 210_o town_n and_o village_n baroche_n baroche_n 2._o baroche_n 12_o league_n from_o surat_n and_o 8_o
india_n he_o place_v it_o between_o the_o river_n of_o jiama_n and_o of_o caypoumo_n or_o pegu_n give_v it_o four_o league_n circuit_n and_o make_v it_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o caypoumo_n which_o be_v likewise_o call_v canarana_n this_o country_n have_v turquess_n and_o emerald_n the_o fair_a of_o all_o the_o east_n cassubi_n be_v in_o a_o plain_a bound_v with_o high_a hill_n from_o whence_o descend_v many_o stream_n which_o water_n the_o plain_a where_o there_o be_v excellent_a fruit_n among_o the_o rest_n pomegranate_n the_o large_a and_o best_a of_o india_n excellent_a raisin_n and_o manna_n which_o must_v be_v gather_v before_o sun-rise_n which_o else_o dispatch_v it_o their_o mountain_n be_v fill_v with_o savage_a beast_n where_o they_o get_v the_o skin_n and_o fur_n of_o ermine_n and_o sable_n of_o divers_a sort_n all_o very_a exquisite_a the_o people_n of_o transiana_n be_v fair_a and_o white_a the_o woman_n exceed_v beautiful_a and_o the_o man_n very_o proud_a they_o have_v mine_n of_o gold_n silver_n and_o diamond_n their_o king_n keep_v ordinary_o 50000_o horse_n 1000_o elephant_n and_o pay_v his_o tribute_n to_o the_o king_n of_o pegu_n in_o horse_n which_o be_v very_o excellent_a their_o forest_n have_v many_o wild_a beast_n among_o the_o rest_n that_o which_o give_v the_o bezoar_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o boldia_n be_v esteem_v the_o most_o honest_a and_o civil_a of_o all_o these_o quarter_n so_o that_o they_o can_v but_o be_v people_n of_o trade_n and_o indeed_o all_o these_o kingdom_n have_v divers_a commodity_n which_o make_v they_o rich_a stone_n pegu_n exceed_v rich_a in_o gold_n silver_n and_o precious_a stone_n the_o kingdom_n of_o pegu_n which_o have_v command_v and_o have_v for_o subject_n or_o tributary_n almost_o all_o these_o estate_n and_o likewise_o other_o towards_o sian_a and_o sian_n itself_o can_v but_o be_v extreme_o rich_a and_o powerful_a and_o true_o gold_n silver_n pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n have_v be_v as_o common_a in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o pegu_n as_o if_o all_o the_o orient_a have_v bring_v all_o its_o riches_n thither_o the_o floor_n of_o building_n the_o movable_n and_o the_o vessel_n with_o which_o they_o serve_v themselves_o for_o divertisement_n be_v so_o enrich_v within_o and_o without_o with_o gold_n and_o azure_a that_o it_o be_v not_o imaginable_a if_o we_o do_v not_o know_v this_o to_o be_v the_o aurea_fw-la regio_fw-la and_o likewise_o the_o argentea_n regio_n of_o ptolemy_n yet_o this_o must_v be_v believe_v to_o have_v be_v long_o since_o but_o however_o that_o it_o be_v at_o present_a the_o rich_a country_n of_o all_o the_o indies_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n one_o of_o the_o best_a people_v and_o most_o powerful_a commodity_n it_o be_v fertility_n and_o commodity_n this_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o overflow_a of_o the_o river_n pegu_n which_o run_v through_o the_o kingdom_n make_v it_o become_v exceed_o fruitful_a and_o of_o a_o fat_a and_o rich_a soil_n so_o that_o it_o produce_v great_a abundance_n of_o grain_n fruit_n and_o other_o product_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o great_a plenty_n also_o beast_n fowl_n and_o fish_n great_a store_n of_o civet-cat_n from_o who_o they_o take_v civet_n lacque_fw-la which_o be_v make_v by_o aunt_n as_o bee_n make_v wax_n with_o we_o gold_n silver_n precious_a stone_n drug_n spice_n lead_v sugar_n etc._n etc._n this_o kingdom_n have_v plenty_n of_o good_a town_n and_o city_n describe_v the_o city_n of_o pegu_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o kingdom_n describe_v its_o metropolis_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o old_a and_o the_o new_a the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o together_o make_v a_o square_a be_v encompass_v with_o a_o strong_a wall_n and_o a_o great_a ditch_n well_o fortify_v have_v on_o each_o side_n five_o gate_n beside_o many_o turret_n rich_o beautify_v it_o be_v large_a strong_a rich_a and_o stately_a the_o king_n and_o his_o nobility_n and_o courtier_n take_v up_o the_o new_a city_n which_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o old_a by_o a_o wall_n and_o ditch_n well_o water_v in_o which_o be_v keep_v many_o crocodile_n for_o the_o watch_v the_o place_n by_o night_n the_o wall_n have_v several_a gate_n on_o all_o side_n for_o the_o convenience_n of_o the_o people_n to_o pass_v in_o and_o out_o the_o street_n be_v very_o fair_a straight_o and_o so_o broad_a that_o fifteen_o man_n may_v ride_v abreast_n on_o both_o side_n the_o house_n well_o build_v have_v before_o every_o door_n palm-tree_n which_o be_v set_v not_o only_o to_o make_v a_o pleasant_a show_n but_o also_o to_o keep_v the_o passenger_n from_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v very_o great_a royal._n the_o palace_n royal._n the_o palace_n royal_a be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n have_v its_o particular_a wall_n moat_n and_o other_o fortification_n the_o palace_n be_v very_o stately_a and_o large_a the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o building_n be_v sustain_v by_o pillar_n of_o jet_n and_o all_o the_o stone_n so_o shine_v that_o those_o which_o be_v without_o represent_v the_o neighbour_a garden_n and_o forest_n and_o those_o which_o be_v within_o the_o pave_v chamber_n other_o room_n and_o the_o ceiling_n above_o so_o well_o that_o one_o seem_v to_o walk_v on_o gold_n and_o azure_a nor_o do_v this_o his_o stately_a palace_n exceed_v his_o magnificence_n and_o pomp_n without_o which_o he_o be_v never_o so_o much_o as_o see_v the_o old_a city_n be_v inhabit_v only_o by_o merchant_n artificer_n and_o seaman_n where_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o warehouse_n strong_o build_v of_o brick_n to_o prevent_v fire_n which_o the_o city_n be_v much_o subject_n unto_o in_o which_o the_o merchant_n keep_v their_o good_n and_o for_o the_o better_a increase_n of_o trade_n the_o king_n do_v constitute_v eight_o broker_n who_o office_n be_v to_o look_v after_o and_o sell_v the_o good_n as_o well_o of_o stranger_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n give_v a_o very_a just_a account_n thereof_o for_o which_o they_o be_v allow_v two_o penny_n per_fw-la cent._n the_o like_a be_v observe_v in_o the_o buy_n of_o commodity_n and_o these_o broker_n by_o their_o place_n be_v oblige_v to_o provide_v stranger_n or_o merchant_n with_o a_o house_n and_o order_n certain_a maid_n of_o the_o city_n to_o go_v to_o he_o that_o out_o of_o they_o he_o may_v make_v his_o choice_n which_o do_v he_o contract_v with_o her_o friend_n to_o pay_v they_o a_o certain_a sum_n for_o the_o use_n of_o she_o as_o they_o can_v agree_v which_o be_v not_o great_a and_o this_o maid_n serve_v he_o as_o his_o servant_n by_o day_n do_v what_o he_o command_v and_o as_o his_o wife_n by_o night_n and_o at_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o term_n agree_v upon_o he_o leave_v she_o and_o she_o go_v to_o her_o friend_n without_o any_o disgrace_n at_o all_o the_o people_n be_v of_o a_o mean_a stature_n habit._n the_o people_n their_o habit._n nimble_a and_o strong_a great_a lover_n of_o woman_n which_o take_v they_o from_o warlike_a affair_n in_o which_o they_o be_v not_o very_o expert_a their_o habit_n be_v but_o mean_a content_v themselves_o for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o a_o piece_n of_o linen_n to_o cover_v their_o nakedness_n they_o all_o black_a their_o tooth_n because_o they_o say_v dog_n tooth_n be_v white_a they_o be_v general_o all_o pagan_n belief_n their_o belief_n and_o believe_v that_o god_n have_v under_o he_o several_a other_o god_n that_o he_o be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o good_a which_o arrive_v to_o mankind_n but_o he_o leave_v all_o evil_n which_o belong_v to_o man_n to_o the_o devil_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o they_o so_o much_o adore_v and_o fear_v he_o lest_o he_o shall_v hurt_v they_o which_o god_n be_v good_a they_o say_v will_v not_o their_o devotion_n they_o perform_v on_o munday_n their_o priest_n go_v about_o with_o tin-bason_n make_v a_o noise_n to_o waken_v the_o people_n and_o invite_v they_o to_o their_o devotion_n in_o which_o they_o chief_o exhort_v they_o to_o morality_n as_o to_o avoid_v theft_n adultery_n murder_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o love_v virtue_n they_o have_v a_o great_a esteem_n for_o their_o priest_n who_o live_v a_o very_a solitary_a and_o exemplary_a life_n they_o have_v five_o principal_a feast_n which_o they_o observe_v very_o strict_o ceremonious_o and_o with_o greast_n state_n and_o pomp_n life_n marriage_n not_o keep_v during_o life_n they_o that_o marry_v buy_v their_o wife_n of_o their_o parent_n and_o when_o he_o be_v weary_a of_o she_o he_o may_v send_v she_o home_o but_o must_v lose_v the_o money_n he_o pay_v for_o she_o but_o if_o she_o leave_v he_o as_o she_o may_v do_v than_o he_o may_v receive_v the_o money_n pay_v for_o she_o sian_n or_o siam_n part_n kingdom_n of_o sian_n its_o part_n the_o kingdom_n of_o sian_n
they_o seldom_o be_v see_v abroad_o habit_n their_o habit_n they_o wear_v their_o garment_n very_o long_o with_o long_a loose_a sleeve_n those_o of_o the_o northern_a province_n make_v use_v of_o fur_n and_o those_o of_o the_o southren_n wear_v silk_n but_o person_n of_o quality_n be_v rich_o habit_v and_o adorn_v with_o many_o pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n they_o be_v great_a lover_n of_o woman_n as_o also_o of_o their_o belly_n common_o eat_v thrice_o a_o day_n their_o diet_n be_v good_a and_o clean_o dress_v and_o they_o as_o neat_a in_o eat_v it_o make_v use_n of_o knife_n and_o fork_n science_n they_o be_v addict_v to_o art_n and_o science_n they_o be_v very_o ingenious_a and_o much_o more_o industrious_a and_o politic_a than_o their_o neighbour_n have_v the_o use_n and_o understanding_n of_o art_n and_o science_n both_o liberal_a and_o mechanical_a as_o philosophy_n physic_n astronomy_n concern_v the_o heaven_n and_o star_n the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o which_o they_o have_v abundance_n of_o vain_a fancy_n also_o they_o be_v expert_a in_o music_n and_o make_n of_o musical_a instrument_n navigation_n architecture_n paint_v sculpture_n make_v of_o clock_n cast_v of_o metal_n in_o image_n medal_n or_o the_o like_a these_o with_o several_a other_o invention_n too_o tedious_a to_o name_n they_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o before_o we_o yet_o be_v they_o not_o in_o that_o perfection_n as_o they_o be_v with_o we_o and_o as_o for_o arm_n they_o have_v their_o courage_n so_o low_a soldier_n not_o good_a soldier_n that_o both_o the_o soldier_n and_o the_o commander_n submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o whip_n when_o they_o have_v be_v want_v in_o their_o duty_n so_o that_o it_o be_v say_v that_o when_o the_o tartar_n affault_v they_o it_o suffice_v they_o only_o to_o have_v show_v they_o the_o whip_n to_o have_v put_v they_o to_o slight_v as_o the_o scythian_n their_o predeceisor_n once_o serve_v their_o slave_n who_o during_o their_o long_a absence_n have_v marry_v their_o mistress_n it_o be_v likewise_o report_v that_o the_o china_n horse_n can_v not_o suffer_v the_o weigh_v of_o the_o tartarian_a courser_n and_o the_o chinois_n cavalier_n be_v of_o the_o same_o humour_n they_o be_v more_o likely_a to_o run_v than_o fight_n moreover_o the_o chinois_n be_v very_o ceremonious_a courteous_a and_o great_a complementer_n for_o which_o they_o have_v several_a print_a book_n which_o they_o teach_v their_o child_n not_o pass_v by_o any_o one_o that_o they_o know_v without_o kind_a salutation_n and_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o espy_v any_o friend_n which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o country_n beside_o their_o kind_a greeting_n his_o first_o question_n will_v be_v to_o ask_v he_o whether_o he_o have_v dine_v or_o sup_v which_o if_o he_o have_v not_o he_o will_v carry_v he_o to_o a_o tavern_n and_o give_v he_o a_o treatment_n of_o flesh_n fowl_n and_o fish_n and_o if_o he_o have_v dine_v a_o collation_n of_o fruit_n and_o conserve_n they_o be_v also_o very_o costly_a in_o their_o feast_n and_o entertainment_n as_o in_o variety_n of_o meat_n fruit_n preserve_v to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v other_o delight_n as_o music_n singing_n dance_a play_n and_o other_o pastime_n and_o for_o person_n of_o quality_n they_o observe_v more_o state_n some_o feast_n last_v about_o 15_o or_o 20_o day_n they_o have_v several_a day_n which_o they_o make_v great_a account_n of_o in_o feast_n and_o merriment_n but_o above_o all_o other_o their_o new_a year_n day_n which_o be_v in_o march_n where_o also_o their_o priest_n be_v present_a at_o their_o rejoice_n add_v to_o the_o solemnity_n of_o the_o day_n sacrifice_n which_o they_o make_v to_o their_o go_n in_o their_o marriage_n they_o also_o very_o expensive_a in_o their_o feast_n for_o the_o bridegroom_n receive_v no_o other_o portion_n from_o her_o friend_n than_o what_o they_o bestow_v in_o their_o entertainment_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o give_v she_o a_o portion_n which_o the_o give_v to_o her_o friend_n in_o thankfulness_n for_o their_o care_n in_o her_o education_n belief_n their_o religion_n and_o belief_n the_o chinois_n may_v be_v hold_v as_o pagan_n and_o idolater_n not_o know_v the_o true_a religion_n but_o worship_v idol_n they_o invoke_v the_o devil_n they_o hold_v the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o after_o this_o life_n it_o go_v to_o eternal_a bliss_n or_o torment_v they_o also_o hold_v a_o kind_n of_o purgatory_n and_o that_o their_o friend_n and_o relation_n upon_o their_o prayer_n and_o supplication_n may_v have_v some_o ease_n for_o which_o purpose_n they_o have_v a_o day_n set_v apart_o for_o the_o perform_n of_o this_o ceremony_n they_o have_v four_o order_n of_o religious_a man_n they_o observe_v all_o one_o fashion_n but_o be_v distinguish_v by_o their_o colour_n they_o all_o shave_v their_o beard_n and_o head_n they_o make_v use_v of_o bead_n and_o say_v their_o matin_n etc._n etc._n as_o the_o european_a monk_n do_v mandelsloe_n say_v that_o they_o be_v much_o addict_v to_o incantation_n and_o charm_n not_o do_v any_o thing_n of_o concernment_n without_o they_o have_v first_o consult_v it_o by_o their_o charm_n and_o if_o they_o prove_v not_o according_a to_o their_o desire_n they_o will_v rail_v and_o abuse_v their_o god_n with_o scurrilous_a language_n fling_v they_o down_o beat_v they_o whip_v they_o and_o tread_v upon_o they_o but_o when_o their_o choler_n be_v assuage_v they_o will_v cog_v with_o they_o give_v they_o good_a word_n and_o pretend_v sorrow_n and_o if_o the_o charm_n favour_v they_o than_o they_o offer_v to_o they_o goose_n duck_n boil_a rice_n etc._n etc._n these_o charm_n be_v common_o two_o small_a piece_n of_o wood_n one_o side_n be_v flat_a and_o the_o other_o be_v hallow_v which_o they_o fling_v upon_o the_o ground_n and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o round_a side_n of_o both_o or_o of_o one_o be_v downward_o they_o take_v it_o for_o a_o ill_a omen_n if_o uppermost_a for_o good_a they_o believe_v that_o all_o thing_n visible_a and_o invisible_a be_v create_v by_o heaven_n who_o by_o a_o vicegerent_n govern_v the_o universe_n another_o who_o govern_v all_o sublunary_a thing_n they_o also_o add_v three_o principal_a minister_n one_o look_n to_o the_o production_n of_o fruit_n and_o the_o generation_n of_o man_n and_o animal_n another_o govern_v the_o air_n and_o cause_v rain_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o other_o govern_v the_o water_n and_o sea_n mandelsloe_n say_v also_o ceremony_n their_o funeral_n ceremony_n that_o at_o their_o funeral_n they_o have_v several_a ceremony_n as_o soon_o as_o any_o person_n be_v decease_v they_o wash_v his_o body_n put_v on_o his_o best_a clothes_n and_o set_v he_o in_o a_o chair_n where_o his_o wife_n child_n and_o other_o relation_n kneel_v down_o about_o he_o take_v their_o leave_n of_o he_o which_o do_v they_o put_v he_o into_o the_o coffin_n set_v it_o upon_o a_o table_n cover_v he_o with_o a_o winding-sheet_n which_o reach_v to_o the_o ground_n on_o which_o they_o draw_v the_o picture_n of_o the_o decease_a where_o they_o leave_v he_o 15_o day_n during_o which_o time_n in_o some_o other_o room_n they_o set_v on_o a_o table_n wine_n fruit_n and_o light_n for_o the_o priest_n who_o watch_v after_o which_o time_n they_o carry_v the_o corpse_n to_o the_o burial_n place_n his_o relation_n common_o mourn_v for_o a_o year_n will._n the_o king_n govern_v by_o his_o own_o will._n the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o empire_n of_o china_n be_v whole_o at_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n either_o to_o change_v take_v away_o or_o augment_v law_n when_o and_o as_o oft_o as_o he_o please_v yet_o do_v he_o not_o execute_v any_o rigorous_a law_n upon_o they_o scarce_o act_v or_o impose_v any_o thing_n upon_o his_o subject_n without_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n of_o state_n beside_o this_o council_n of_o state_n he_o appoint_v other_o as_o well_o for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n as_o for_o the_o oversight_n of_o other_o affair_n in_o the_o kingdom_n but_o they_o neither_o inflict_v any_o punishment_n to_o criminal_n or_o determine_v any_o thing_n of_o themselves_o but_o make_v their_o report_n to_o the_o king_n who_o decide_v the_o same_o they_o be_v very_o circumspect_a how_o they_o condemn_v any_o person_n not_o pass_v their_o sentence_n till_o the_o offence_n be_v find_v so_o clear_a and_o evident_a that_o the_o offendor_n be_v not_o able_a to_o justify_v himself_o they_o use_v fair_a mean_n first_o for_o the_o find_v out_o of_o the_o truth_n and_o if_o that_o will_v not_o do_v they_o then_o inflict_v several_a torture_n upon_o they_o their_o execution_n be_v various_a and_o more_o cruel_a according_a to_o the_o offence_n commit_v some_o be_v hang_v some_o they_o impale_v some_o they_o burn_v their_o great_a punishment_n be_v inflict_v on_o
they_o cross_v out_o it_o be_v other_o chief_a place_n be_v 1_o xauquin_n a_o maritime_a city_n 2_o luicheu_o also_o seat_v on_o the_o sea_n very_o commodious_a for_o traffic_n and_o opposite_a to_o the_o isle_n of_o aynan_n from_o which_o it_o be_v distant_a about_o 5_o league_n 3_o lampaca_n also_o seat_v upon_o the_o sea_n and_o 4_o nanhium_n seat_v far_o within_o land_n and_o among_o the_o mountain_n which_o part_n this_o province_n from_o chiamsi_n commodity_n the_o isle_n of_o aynan_n &_o its_o commodity_n the_o isle_n of_o aynan_n be_v also_o comprehend_v under_o this_o province_n and_o be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o the_o island_n that_o belong_v to_o china_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o amacao_n on_o the_o south_n 50_o or_o 60_o league_n it_o be_v almost_o as_o long_o as_o broad_a have_v 50_o league_n from_o south_n to_o north_n where_o it_o almost_o join_v upon_o the_o southern_a coast_n of_o china_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n regard_v cochinchina_n it_o abound_v in_o grain_n fruit_n tame_a and_o wild_a beast_n the_o sea_n have_v pearl_n lignum_fw-la aquilae_fw-la and_o calamba_n their_o craw-fish_n take_v out_o of_o the_o water_n die_v and_o grow_v hard_a like_o a_o stone_n which_o be_v reduce_v to_o powder_n serve_v for_o a_o remedy_n against_o many_o disease_n the_o earth_n have_v mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n care_v little_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o island_n the_o people_n be_v likewise_o half_a savage_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v kincenfen_n seat_v on_o the_o seashore_n and_o regard_v the_o province_n of_o canton_n city_n the_o province_n of_o quancy_n and_o its_o chief_a city_n the_o province_n of_o qvancy_n which_o purchas_n call_v guansa_n enjoy_v the_o same_o temperament_n with_o canton_n yield_v the_o same_o commodity_n and_o with_o the_o same_o plenty_n but_o be_v not_o so_o much_o frequent_v by_o mexchant_n nor_o have_v scarce_o any_o confluence_n of_o stranger_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o its_o river_n loose_a and_o discharge_v themselves_o all_o in_o the_o province_n and_o at_o the_o city_n of_o canton_n which_o force_v they_o to_o pass_v through_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o of_o canton_n to_o utter_v their_o merchandize_n and_o receive_v those_o of_o other_o in_o this_o province_n there_o be_v ten_o large_a city_n of_o which_o quancy_n be_v chief_a all_o well_o build_v and_o very_o populous_a beside_o about_o one_o hundred_o small_a one_o place_n the_o province_n of_o zunnan_n and_o its_o chief_a place_n the_o province_n of_o zunnan_n which_o purchas_n call_v vanam_fw-la be_v the_o last_o on_o the_o south_n coast_n where_o it_o be_v wash_v by_o the_o gulf_n of_o cochinchina_n and_o on_o the_o west_n where_o it_o touch_v on_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tunquin_n and_o on_o divers_a people_n beyond_o those_o mountain_n which_o enclose_v the_o west_n of_o china_n the_o woman_n have_v here_o the_o liverty_n to_o go_v in_o public_a to_o buy_v and_o sell_v which_o those_o of_o other_o part_n of_o china_n do_v not_o it_o have_v mine_n which_o yield_v a_o kind_n of_o amber_n red_a and_o less_o pure_a than_o we_o but_o which_o have_v some_o particular_a virtue_n against_o flux_n beside_o this_o it_o transport_v few_o merchandize_n into_o other_o place_n this_o province_n have_v likewise_o good_a store_n of_o small_a and_o great_a city_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o the_o province_n and_o hilan_n seat_v on_o a_o lake_n so_o call_v which_o be_v inform_v of_o a_o crescent_n place_n the_o province_n of_o chiamsi_n its_o trade_n &_o chief_a place_n the_o province_n of_o chiamsi_n which_o purchas_n call_v lansay_v be_v enclose_v with_o mountain_n which_o have_v their_o passage_n open_a to_o the_o neighbour_a province_n and_o particular_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o canton_n on_o the_o mountain_n of_o muilin_n there_o be_v a_o great_a concourse_n for_o the_o carriage_n of_o merchandize_n which_o be_v transport_v from_o canton_n to_o nanquin_n which_o be_v do_v by_o mount_v the_o river_n of_o canton_n unto_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n from_o whence_o the_o carriage_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o vessel_n be_v load_v and_o bear_v upon_o man_n back_n to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n where_o there_o be_v find_v another_o navigable_a river_n which_o cross_v the_o province_n kiamsi_n till_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o famous_a jamchuquiam_fw-la which_o lead_v to_o nanquin_n and_o the_o sea_n this_o province_n be_v so_o people_v that_o a_o part_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n be_v constrain_v to_o spread_v themselves_o through_o all_o other_o province_n of_o china_n to_o seek_v their_o fortune_n it_o be_v in_o one_o of_o the_o city_n of_o this_o province_n that_o they_o make_v porcelain_n the_o water_n here_o be_v fit_a to_o give_v it_o perfection_n the_o earth_n be_v fetch_v from_o other_o place_n beat_v and_o fashion_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o tincture_n they_o most_o common_o apply_v be_v azure_a some_o lay_n on_o vermilion_n other_o yellow_a in_o this_o province_n be_v 12_o great_a city_n beside_o about_o sixty_o small_a one_o its_o chief_a city_n be_v call_v nanciam_fw-la seat_v on_o a_o lake_n as_o be_v quianhanfu_n and_o other_o it_o be_v other_o chief_a place_n be_v 1_o kienchan_n 2_o linbiang_n 3_o juencheu_fw-la 4_o nangam_fw-la commodity_n the_o province_n of_o huquam_fw-la and_o its_o commodity_n the_o province_n of_o huqvam_n be_v so_o abundant_a in_o rice_n that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o furnish_v a_o good_a part_n of_o china_n it_o be_v likewise_o rich_a in_o oil_n and_o fish_n the_o jamchuquian_a and_o many_o other_o river_n and_o lake_n cross_v it_o on_o all_o side_n and_o carry_v its_o commodity_n towards_o nanquin_n and_o to_o quincheu_o it_o be_v very_o populous_a contain_v 15_o great_a city_n and_o about_o 100_o small_a one_o the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v 1_o chingiang_n 2_o huchang_n 3_o suchang_n 4_o yocheu_o etc._n etc._n describe_v the_o povince_n of_o suchuen_n describe_v the_o province_n of_o suchven_n which_o mendoza_n call_v susuan_n purchas_n soin_fw-fr be_v one_o of_o the_o lesser_a province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v high_a situate_v and_o pour_v down_o its_o river_n into_o the_o neighbour_a province_n here_o be_v find_v good_a store_n of_o yellow_a amber_n and_o excellent_a rhubarb_n it_o be_v chief_a city_n be_v in_o number_n 8_o together_o with_o about_o 120_o lesser_a one_o all_o which_o be_v exceed_o populous_a the_o chief_a bear_v the_o name_n of_o the_o province_n place_n the_o province_n of_o quicheu_o and_o its_o chief_a place_n the_o last_o of_o the_o province_n i_o have_v to_o treat_v of_o be_v qvichev_n or_o likewise_o cutchev_n according_a to_o purchas_n it_o border_n on_o the_o people_n timocove_v gueyes_n the_o kingdom_n of_o ciocangue_n and_o the_o people_n call_v lay_v here_o be_v that_o famous_a lake_n câ—ncui-hai_a from_o whence_o come_v divers_a river_n which_o water_n china_n they_o make_v here_o quantity_n of_o arm_n of_o all_o sort_n to_o serve_v against_o those_o people_n which_o border_n upon_o they_o which_o once_o belong_v to_o china_n but_o which_o now_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v enemy_n to_o it_o this_o province_n be_v hilly_a and_o unever_o which_o make_v it_o not_o very_o fertile_a in_o corn_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n but_o it_o have_v abundance_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o also_o it_o breed_v the_o best_a horse_n of_o any_o province_n in_o all_o china_n city_n in_o this_o province_n be_v very_o few_o there_o be_v not_o above_o 15_o both_o small_a and_o great_a the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v 1._o quicheo_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n yanchuquianâ—_n 2._o rueyang_n 3._o hianchoau_n 4._o lipe_v 5._o cipan_n etc._n etc._n all_o these_o province_n or_o rather_o all_o these_o kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v govern_v by_o divers_a magistrate_n which_o those_o of_o europe_n call_v in_o general_a mandarin_n these_o be_v person_n that_o have_v patent_n who_o the_o king_n or_o chief_a officer_n of_o state_n do_v choose_v after_o knowledge_n of_o their_o capacity_n and_o honesty_n the_o degree_n give_v to_o student_n the_o general_a and_o particular_a government_n the_o charge_n of_o the_o militia_n the_o receipt_n of_o and_o management_n of_o revenue_n the_o building_n and_o repair_v of_o public_a building_n the_o civil_a and_o criminal_a justice_n be_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o there_o be_v appeal_n from_o one_o to_o the_o other_o according_a to_o the_o order_n and_o nature_n of_o affair_n the_o council_n of_o estate_n always_o reside_v near_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o have_v a_o general_a eye_n over_o the_o kingdom_n but_o it_o shall_v suffice_v what_o we_o have_v say_v of_o china_n let_v we_o finish_v by_o say_v that_o we_o have_v describe_v it_o as_o it_o be_v before_o the_o tartar_n make_v a_o irruption_n in_o â—618_n these_o tartar_n keep_v it_o whole_o for_o some_o year_n since_o which_o
on_o the_o side_n of_o a_o lofty_a mountain_n which_o regard_v the_o sea_n now_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o province_n its_o street_n and_o house_n be_v in_o good_a order_n it_o be_v adorn_v with_o many_o sumptuous_a mosque_n some_o monastery_n and_o college_n for_o student_n in_o the_o law_n of_o mahomet_n and_o many_o fair_a hospital_n for_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a its_o castle_n be_v good_a and_o strong_a seat_v on_o the_o river_n guad_n all_o quibir_n that_o be_v great_a river_n 2._o ghegel_n former_o famous_a be_v now_o only_a a_o borough_n of_o 500_o ill-built_a house_n it_o be_v castle_n be_v very_o good_a its_o land_n have_v little_a corn_n store_n of_o hemp_n fig_n and_o nut_n they_o hold_v this_o place_n to_o have_v be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o fortune_n of_o barbarossa_n 3._o labez_n make_v a_o separate_a estate_n above_o bugia_n and_o consist_v only_o in_o mountain_n of_o so_o difficult_a access_n that_o the_o king_n of_o algiers_n and_o the_o turk_n can_v scarce_o force_v they_o to_o pay_v tribute_n the_o chief_a fortress_n of_o these_o mountain_n and_o the_o residence_n of_o their_o king_n or_o xeque_n be_v calaa_n the_o other_o be_v 4._o coco_n de_fw-fr teleta_n 5._o tezli_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n these_o mountain_n have_v little_a corn_n or_o fruit_n they_o can_v raise_v 5000_o horse_n 5000_o harquebusier_n and_o 20000_o man_n arm_v after_o their_o mode_n all_o valiant_a and_o better_a defender_n of_o their_o liberty_n than_o those_o of_o couco_n 6._o necaus_fw-la 7._o mesila_n be_v beyond_o the_o abez_n but_o near_o the_o same_o river_n necaus_n be_v the_o most_o pleasant_a place_n of_o all_o barbary_n it_o have_v something_o of_o particular_a in_o its_o public_a building_n every_o house_n have_v its_o garden_n so_o embellish_v with_o flower_n vine_n fruit_n and_o fountain_n that_o it_o seem_v a_o terrestrial_a paradise_n 8._o chollum_fw-la 9_o gergelum_fw-la etc._n etc._n place_n province_n of_o constantina_n its_o part_n and_o chief_a place_n the_o province_n of_o constantina_n have_v sometime_o have_v its_o king_n this_o be_v the_o new_a numidia_n of_o the_o ancient_n the_o most_o occidental_a part_n of_o the_o true_a africa_n and_o which_o touch_v on_o mauritania_n to_o the_o west_n the_o river_n sugefmar_n make_v the_o separation_n this_o province_n comprehend_v three_o quarter_n of_o which_o that_o of_o constantina_n extend_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o a_o good_a way_n in_o the_o land_n that_o of_o bona_n likewise_o on_o the_o sea_n but_o little_a on_o land_n that_o of_o tebessa_n be_v far_a in_o the_o land_n touch_v on_o billedulgerid_n 1._o tebessa_o former_o thebeste_n tebessa_n the_o city_n of_o tebessa_n surpass_v as_o they_o say_v all_o other_o city_n of_o barbary_n in_o three_o thing_n in_o the_o force_n of_o its_o wall_n beauty_n of_o its_o fountain_n and_o great_a number_n of_o its_o walnut_n tree_n in_o counterchange_n its_o inhabitant_n be_v brutish_a its_o house_n ill_o build_v and_o its_o air_n unwholesome_a 2._o bona_n of_o old_a hippo_n regnis_fw-la ill_a inhabit_v at_o present_a bona._n the_o city_n of_o bona._n part_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n be_v retire_v into_o the_o mountain_n have_v be_v famous_a to_o antiquity_n for_o its_o greatness_n but_o much_o more_o for_o its_o bishop_n st._n augustine_n so_o fame_v among_o the_o doctor_n of_o the_o church_n it_o have_v suffer_v great_a change_n under_o the_o roman_n vandal_n moor_n and_o afterward_o under_o barbarossa_n 3._o tabarca_n a_o city_n and_o isle_n be_v of_o this_o government_n likewise_o the_o hill_n and_o mountain_n of_o bona_n where_o be_v gather_v much_o fruit_n of_o jujube_n grain_n and_o store_n of_o cattle_n and_o the_o coast_n have_v red_a white_z and_o black_a coral_n which_o the_o french_a near_o to_o bona_n and_o the_o genovese_n near_o to_o tabarca_n go_v to_o fish_n for_o the_o family_n of_o the_o lomolin_n in_o genova_n have_v a_o fortress_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o tabarca_n the_o french_a a_o bastion_n between_o tabarca_n and_o the_o point_n of_o mascara_n the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o for_o the_o security_n of_o their_o fish_n and_o commerce_n 4._o constantina_n constantina_n the_o city_n of_o constantina_n which_o the_o moor_n call_v cusuntina_n the_o ancient_n cirta_n julia_n be_v a_o great_a city_n not_o have_v less_o than_o 8000_o house_n it_o be_v situation_n on_o a_o mountain_n which_o have_v but_o two_o advenue_n the_o rest_n be_v precipice_n make_v it_o strong_a the_o river_n sufegmar_n wash_v the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n its_o castle_n stand_v to_o the_o north_n collo_fw-la and_o sucaicada_n on_o the_o coast_n be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o constantina_n likewise_o the_o mountain_n which_o extend_v themselves_o to_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n and_o to_o the_o confine_n of_o bona._n the_o country_n about_o constantina_n be_v fertile_a its_o mountain_n till_v collo_fw-la have_v its_o inhabitant_n more_o civil_a than_o those_o of_o constantina_n those_o have_v no_o trade_n but_o with_o those_o of_o billedulgerid_n the_o other_o with_o those_o of_o europe_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o mountain_n can_v raise_v about_o 40000_o man_n and_o maintain_v themselves_o almost_o in_o liberty_n both_o against_o the_o king_n of_o algiers_n and_o the_o arab_n 5._o cirta_n in_o the_o roman_a history_n be_v the_o residence_n of_o many_o king_n of_o numidia_n cirta_n the_o city_n of_o cirta_n among_o other_o of_o massinissa_n afterward_o of_o syphax_n who_o drive_v massinissa_n from_o his_o estate_n and_o settle_a himself_o at_o cirta_n with_o his_o wife_n sophonisba_n who_o have_v be_v promise_v to_o massinissa_n this_o woman_n a_o little_a after_o have_v persuade_v syphax_n to_o favour_n carthage_n of_o which_o she_o be_v against_o the_o roman_n draw_v their_o arm_n into_o his_o estate_n where_o scipio_n defeat_v and_o take_v syphax_n prisoner_n massinissa_n besiege_v and_o take_v cirta_n where_o sophonisba_n be_v who_o have_v so_o many_o attraction_n and_o so_o much_o cunning_n that_o in_o the_o same_o day_n she_o behold_v herself_o captive_n and_o wife_n to_o massinissa_n but_o she_o kill_v herself_o soon_o after_o that_o she_o may_v not_o fall_v into_o the_o roman_n hand_n and_o be_v lead_v in_o triumph_n through_o rome_n 6._o stora_fw-la and_o 7._o mabra_n both_o maritime_a to_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tunis_n government_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tunis_n and_o its_o division_n into_o government_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tunis_n beside_o its_o particular_a province_n have_v sometime_o extend_v itself_o over_o constantina_n and_o bugia_n on_o one_o side_n and_o over_o tripoli_n and_o ezzab_n on_o the_o other_o at_o present_v it_o have_v only_o its_o own_o province_n and_o something_o in_o billedulgerid_n this_o kingdom_n of_o tunis_n be_v divide_v into_o 4_o maritime_a government_n and_o 3_o or_o 4_o inland_a one_o the_o maritime_a be_v biserta_n goletta_n sousa_n and_o africa_n beg_v vrbs_fw-la cayroan_n and_o part_n of_o billedulgerid_n be_v the_o three_o or_o four_o within_o land_n altogether_o extend_v themselves_o from_o the_o river_n guad_n il_fw-fr barbar_n unto_o that_o of_o cape_n this_o separate_a they_o from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tripoli_n the_o other_o from_o the_o province_n of_o constantina_n tunis_n the_o chief_a river_n of_o tunis_n the_o river_n guad_n il_fw-fr barbar_n or_o hued_a ill_a barber_n take_v its_o source_n near_o vrbs_fw-la which_o it_o water_n with_o a_o channel_n make_v on_o purpose_n and_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n near_o tabarca_n in_o its_o course_n it_o make_v so_o many_o turn_n and_o wind_n that_o it_o must_v be_v pass_v 25_o time_n in_o the_o road_n between_o bona_n and_o tunis_n and_o that_o with_o much_o difficulty_n and_o danger_n there_o be_v no_o bridge_n and_o scarce_o any_o boat_n to_o ferry_v over_o the_o river_n cape_n of_o old_a triton_n descend_v from_o billedulgerid_n and_o water_n at_o first_o a_o very_a sandy_a country_n leave_v cape_n on_o the_o right_n and_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o tripoli_n and_o disburthen_n itself_o into_o the_o little_a syrtes_n now_o the_o gulf_n of_o cape_n magrada_n another_o river_n have_v its_o spring_n likewise_o in_o billedulgerid_n on_o the_o confine_n of_o zeb_n which_o it_o water_n in_o part_n wash_v tebessa_n of_o the_o province_n of_o constantina_n cut_v the_o kingdom_n of_o tunis_n into_o two_o almost_o equal_a part_n and_o disburthen_n itself_o in_o the_o sea_n near_o garilmesse_n between_o tunis_n and_o hammamet_n its_o increase_v be_v sometime_o extraordinary_a and_o all_o of_o a_o sudden_a so_o that_o traveller_n be_v often_o force_v to_o wait_v some_o day_n for_o a_o passage_n benserta_n the_o government_n or_o city_n of_o benserta_n benserta_fw-la of_o old_a utica_n be_v a_o city_n but_o of_o a_o indifferent_a greatness_n but_o strong_a and_o people_v with_o about_o 6000_o family_n it_o look_v eastward_o on_o a_o gulf_n so_o call_v which_o be_v about_o 16000_o pace_n long_o and_o 8000_o
little_a favourable_a encounter_n thereabouts_o in_o the_o end_n he_o happy_o defeat_v both_o scipio_n and_o juba_n near_o to_o thapsus_n now_o elmedia_n and_o after_o that_o defeat_n cato_n despair_v slay_v himself_o at_o utica_n now_o benserta_n scipio_n save_v himself_o in_o some_o ship_n but_o be_v meet_v by_o caesar_n fleet_n pass_v his_o sword_n through_o his_o body_n he_o precipitate_v himself_o into_o the_o sea_n juba_n will_v have_v retire_v to_o zama_n where_o he_o have_v leave_v his_o wife_n child_n and_o treasure_n but_o zama_n have_v refuse_v to_o open_v he_o the_o gate_n he_o and_o petrejus_n retire_v into_o a_o house_n in_o the_o field_n where_o they_o kill_v themselves_o during_o this_o war_n and_o almost_o upon_o the_o land_n of_o caesar_n happen_v near_o hammametha_n a_o thing_n incredible_a which_o be_v that_o 30_o gaul-horsman_n assault_v a_o post_n of_o 2000_o moorish_a horse_n put_v they_o to_o rout_n and_o pursue_v they_o into_o the_o city_n for_o zama_n or_o zama_n regia_n it_o be_v far_o distant_a from_o the_o position_n which_o ptolemy_n give_v it_o and_o from_o that_o of_o ortelius_n which_o we_o at_o other_o time_n and_o which_o all_o other_o have_v since_o follow_v this_o author_n place_n it_o 500000_o pace_n from_o carthage_n and_o 600000_o from_o adrumetum_n but_o it_o appear_v both_o by_o the_o roman_a history_n and_o by_o the_o itinerary_a table_n not_o to_o be_v distant_a from_o carthage_n above_o 100_o or_o 120000_o pace_n and_o from_o adrumetum_n 100000_o pace_n or_o little_o more_o vrbs_fw-la the_o government_n or_o city_n of_o big_a and_o vrbs_fw-la beg_v or_o beija_n and_o vrbs_fw-la this_o in_o the_o road_n from_o tebessa_n to_o tunu_n that_o in_o the_o way_n from_o constantina_n to_o tunis_n be_v both_o seat_v in_o fair_a plain_n so_o fertile_a in_o grain_n particular_o beg_v that_o those_o of_o tunis_n say_v that_o if_o they_o have_v two_o beg_v they_o will_v yield_v as_o many_o corn_n as_o there_o be_v sand_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o nigh_o to_o vrbs_fw-la be_v camud_n arbe_n musti_n and_o marmagen_n all_o fair_a city_n cayroan_n the_o government_n or_o city_n of_o cayroan_n cayroan_n of_o old_a thesdrus_n aught_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v among_o the_o maritime_a government_n since_o it_o hold_v on_o the_o coast_n tobulha_n asfachusa_n and_o some_o other_o place_n but_o its_o principal_a place_n be_v on_o the_o main_a land_n its_o government_n be_v likewise_o esteem_v to_o be_v within_o the_o land_n this_o city_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o sandy-plain_a which_o afford_v neither_o grain_n fruit_n nor_o scarce_o any_o water_n but_o what_o be_v preserve_v in_o cistern_n it_o be_v about_o 100_o mile_n from_o tunis_n and_o about_o 36_o from_o any_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v first_o build_v by_o hucha_n who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o conquer_v africa_n for_o the_o saracen_n who_o adorn_v it_o with_o a_o stately_a mosque_n support_v on_o pillar_n of_o marble_n of_o which_o two_n or_o three_o be_v very_o fair_a one_o and_o of_o a_o prodigious_a greatness_n who_o also_o place_v in_o it_o a_o college_n of_o priest_n and_o now_o in_o much_o esteem_n be_v the_o residence_n of_o a_o high_a priest_n of_o the_o law_n of_o mahomet_n and_o to_o this_o place_n from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n the_o corpse_n of_o their_o chief_a man_n be_v bring_v to_o be_v inter_v who_o believe_v that_o by_o the_o prayer_n of_o those_o priest_n they_o shall_v find_v a_o short_a way_n to_o heaven_n than_o if_o inter_v at_o any_o other_o place_n its_o inhabitant_n be_v now_o reduce_v to_o about_o 4_o or_o 500_o family_n not_o far_o from_o cayroan_n gueslet_n mountain_n of_o zaghoan_n and_o gueslet_n be_v the_o mountain_n of_o zaghoan_n and_o gueslet_n the_o last_o not_o above_o 12000_o pace_n distant_a both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o have_v divers_a footstep_n of_o roman_a building_n but_o i_o believe_v it_o be_v from_o the_o last_o that_o scipio_n consider_v the_o battle_n between_o massinissa_n king_n of_o numidia_n and_o asdrubal_n chief_a of_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o of_o this_o encounter_n scipio_n will_v sometime_o say_v to_o his_o friend_n that_o he_o be_v the_o three_o who_o have_v have_v the_o pleasure_n to_o see_v a_o famous_a battle_n without_o have_v run_v any_o resigoe_o to_o wit_n jupiter_n from_o the_o top_n of_o mount_n ida_n and_o neptune_n from_o some_o eminence_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o samothrace_n who_o behold_v the_o battle_n between_o the_o trojan_n and_o greek_n and_o himself_o this_o between_o massinissâ—_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n the_o other_o city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n of_o tunis_n and_o towards_o billedulgerid_n be_v caffa_n hama_fw-la techio_n neifa_n and_o nafta_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tripoli_n tripoli_n kingdom_n of_o tripoli_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tripoli_n take_v up_o the_o just_a moiety_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o barbary_n from_o cape_n unto_o egypt_n and_o divide_v itself_o into_o two_o principal_a part_n or_o province_n which_o bear_v likewise_o the_o title_n of_o kingdom_n to_o wit_n tripoli_n and_o barca_n tripoli_n be_v between_o the_o two_o syrtes_n now_o the_o sand_n or_o bank_n of_o barbary_n these_o be_v gulf_n of_o different_a greatness_n but_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n infamous_a for_o the_o shipwreck_n of_o vessel_n lose_v on_o their_o flat_n or_o rock_n among_o which_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o water_n be_v very_o unequal_a and_o change_v often_o there_o be_v sometime_o much_o sometime_o a_o little_a and_o sometime_o none_o at_o all_o the_o little_a syrtes_n now_o the_o gulf_n of_o cape_n separate_v tripoli_n from_o tunis_n the_o great_a syrtes_n now_o the_o gulf_n of_o sydra_n divide_v it_o from_o barca_n this_o towards_o the_o east_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o west_n and_o on_o the_o south_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o billidulgerid_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n it_o be_v principal_a city_n be_v el-hamma_a cape_n zoara_n the_o two_o tripoly_n old_a and_o new_a sarmana_n lepeda_n etc._n etc._n 1._o el-hamma_a be_v in_o the_o land_n people_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n and_o people_n cape_n and_o the_o rest_n on_o the_o sea_n between_o el-hamma_a and_o cape_n be_v a_o lake_n excellent_a against_o leprosy_n 2._o cape_n of_o old_a tacapa_n have_v good_a wall_n and_o a_o good_a castle_n but_o its_o port_n dangerous_a and_o incapable_a to_o receive_v either_o many_o or_o great_a vessel_n it_o be_v situate_a at_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o river_n triton_n into_o the_o lesser_a syrtes_n 3._o zoara_n of_o old_a pisida_n between_o cape_n and_o tripoli_n have_v its_o land_n so_o dry_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v force_v to_o water_v it_o and_o yet_o will_v scarce_o produce_v any_o thing_n save_o barley_n and_o some_o fruit_n among_o which_o lotos_fw-gr with_o which_o they_o make_v a_o excellent_a metheglin_n but_o it_o last_v good_a not_o above_o 9_o or_o 10_o day_n flesh_n be_v here_o very_o scarce_o they_o not_o have_v wherewith_o to_o feed_v beast_n the_o arab_n frequent_v their_o market_n and_o serve_v they_o with_o wool_n wherewith_o they_o make_v clothes_n and_o other_o manufacture_n 4._o tripoli_n the_o old_a of_o old_a sabrata_n and_o which_o the_o arab_n of_o nubia_n call_v the_o tower_n of_o sabrat_n have_v only_o some_o hamlet_n and_o remnant_n of_o fair_a and_o stately_a edifice_n 5._o the_o new_a tripoli_n of_o old_a oea_n be_v better_a maintain_v thereof_o tripoli_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o though_o it_o have_v many_o ruin_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o divers_a change_v it_o have_v have_v the_o disposition_n of_o its_o place_n street_n and_o the_o order_n of_o its_o building_n be_v agreeable_a be_v adorn_v with_o many_o fair_a mosque_n college_n hospital_n etc._n etc._n the_o inhabitant_n subsist_v only_o on_o their_o commerce_n which_o be_v of_o what_o they_o get_v from_o their_o palm-tree_n lotos_fw-la and_o linnen-cloth_n which_o they_o utter_v in_o africa_n sicily_n and_o malta_n beside_o their_o black_a and_o ethiopian_a slave_n which_o they_o sell_v till_o of_o late_o they_o have_v much_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o piracy_n it_o be_v the_o usual_a retreat_n for_o pirate_n who_o infest_a these_o sea_n and_o do_v much_o mischief_n to_o christian_a merchant_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o italy_n sicily_n and_o elsewhere_o 6._o lepeda_n be_v in_o some_o repute_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o arab_n of_o nubia_n and_o more_o under_o the_o roman_n farther_n be_v the_o great_a syrtes_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o which_o be_v the_o isle_n sydra_n which_o communicate_v its_o name_n to_o the_o gulf_n and_o on_o the_o firm_a land_n be_v the_o tomb_n of_o philenes_n or_o arae_n philenarum_n which_o set_v the_o limit_n between_o africa_n and_o libya_n and_o afterward_o between_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o the_o cyrenian_o and_o in_o fine_a of_o the_o eastern_a empire_n against_o that_o of_o the_o west_n
on_o the_o top_n thereof_o grow_v certain_a string_n which_o resemble_v hair_n the_o great_a end_n of_o the_o branch_n appear_v like_o hand_n extend_v forth_o and_o the_o date_n as_o finger_n and_o so_o much_o for_o egypt_n libya_n interior_n which_o do_v comprehend_v zahara_n or_o saara_n with_o its_o part_n or_o province_n of_o zanhaga_n tegassa_n zuenziga_n zuenziga_n ziz_n ghir_n targa_n hair_n targa_n lempta_fw-la lempta_fw-la dighir_n agade_n berdoa_n berdoa_n borno_n borno_n kaugha_n amasen_n gaoga_n gaoga_fw-la the_o land_n of_o negro_n with_o its_o part_n or_o kingdom_n as_o they_o lie_v on_o this_o side_n the_o niger_n as_o gualata_n guadia_n angra_n arguya_n genehoa_o genehoa_o walade_n ganar_n samba-lamech_a tombut_n tombut_fw-la salla_n berissa_n guegneve_n agade_n agade_n deghir_n mura_n canum_fw-la canon_n tassana_n germa_n cassena_n cassena_n nebrina_n tirca_n gangara_n gangara_n semegonda_n between_o the_o branch_n and_o about_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o niger_n as_o jaloffe_n emboule_v lambaya_n yagoa_n bersola_n nabare_n besu_n catcheo_n boyla_fw-fr codan_n julieto_fw-la gambia_n casanguas_fw-la biafare_n emboule_v lambaya_n yagoa_n bersola_n nabare_n besu_n catcheo_n boyla_fw-fr codan_n julieto_fw-la beyond_o the_o niger_n as_o melli_fw-la melli._n sousos_n beria_n mandingue_n mandinga_n tocrur_n gago_n gago_n dau._n guber_n guber_n zegzeg_n zegzeg_fw-mi channara_n zanfara_fw-it zanfara_fw-mi reghebil_n guiny_n and_o regard_v the_o atlantic_a ocean_n with_o its_o part_n or_o kingdom_n of_o meleguette_n with_o its_o chief_a place_n as_o they_o lie_v on_o the_o sea_n as_o bugos_n timaa_n bagga_n serbora_n masfah_n faly_n hamaya_n samwyn_n crou_n and_o growaly_n within_o land_n as_o bolombere_v quinamora_n guiny_n particular_o so_o call_v or_o the_o ivory_n or_o gold_n coast_n with_o its_o chief_a place_n as_o they_o lie_v on_o the_o sea_n as_o tabo_fw-la taboe_n petoy_n wetoe_n moure_n nassau_n st._n george_n del_fw-it mina_n cormantir_n berku_n pompena_n within_o land_n as_o labour_n uxoo_o quinimburm_n acanes_n grandes_fw-fr dauma_n aâ—â—â—raus_n adios_fw-es st._n eaurenco_n zabandu_n buma_n roggis_n jamo_n benin_n with_o its_o chief_a place_n as_o they_o lie_v on_o the_o sea_n as_o popou_n jackeyn_fw-mi loebo_n fosko_fw-mi borli_fw-la bodi_n and_o cesge_n within_o land_n as_o bâ—din_n oâ—verre_n aâ—ovon_n and_o curamo_n zahara_n that_o be_v desert_n country_n zahara_n its_o name_n and_o description_n of_o the_o country_n in_o our_o africa_n or_o libya_n interior_n we_o have_v place_v zahara_n the_o country_n of_o the_o negro_n and_o gviny_n zahara_n be_v a_o arab_n name_n and_o signify_v desert_n and_o this_o name_n be_v take_v from_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o country_n so_o the_o arab_n divide_v the_o land_n into_o three_o sort_n cehel_n zahara_n and_o azgar_n cehel_n have_v only_a sand_n very_o small_a without_o any_o green_n zahara_n have_v gravel_n and_o little_a stone_n and_o but_o little_a green_n azgar_n have_v some_o marsh_n some_o grass_n and_o little_a shrub_n the_o country_n be_v general_o hot_a and_o dry_a it_o have_v almost_o no_o water_n except_o some_o few_o well_n and_o those_o salt_n if_o there_o fall_v great_a rain_n the_o land_n be_v much_o better_a but_o beside_o the_o leanness_n of_o the_o soil_n there_o be_v sometime_o such_o vast_a quantity_n of_o grasshopper_n that_o they_o eat_v and_o ruin_v all_o that_o the_o earth_n produce_v through_o this_o country_n the_o caravan_n pass_v which_o add_v no_o small_a advantage_n unto_o it_o it_o be_v so_o barren_a and_o ill_o inhabit_v that_o a_o man_n may_v travel_v above_o a_o week_n together_o without_o see_v a_o tree_n or_o scarce_o any_o grass_n as_o also_o without_o find_v any_o water_n and_o that_o water_n they_o have_v be_v draw_v out_o of_o pit_n which_o ofttimes_o be_v cover_v with_o sand_n and_o taste_v very_o brackish_a so_o that_o many_o time_n man_n die_v for_o want_v of_o it_o which_o know_v the_o defect_n those_o merchant_n which_o travel_v in_o this_o country_n carry_v their_o water_n as_o well_o as_o other_o provision_n on_o their_o camel_n back_n people_n it_o be_v people_n the_o people_n be_v bereberes_n and_o african_n likewise_o abex_v and_o arab_n of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o most_o moist_a place_n the_o other_o wander_v after_o their_o flock_n some_o have_v their_o check_v or_o lord_n almost_o all_o follow_v mahometism_n though_o the_o air_n be_v very_o hot_a yet_o it_o be_v so_o healthful_a that_o from_o barbary_n the_o country_n of_o the_o negro_n and_o other_o place_n sick_a people_n come_v as_o to_o their_o last_o remedy_n describe_v it_o be_v division_n and_o part_n describe_v this_o great_a desert_n be_v divide_v into_o seven_o principal_a part_n of_o which_o the_o three_o western_a be_v zanhaga_n zuenziga_n and_o targa_n or_o hair_n the_o four_o towards_o the_o east_n be_v lempta_fw-la berdoa_n gaoga_n and_o borno_n almost_o every_o part_n reach_v the_o full_a breadth_n and_o all_o together_o make_v but_o the_o length_n of_o this_o desert_n zanhaga_n be_v most_o westward_o zanhaga_n zanhaga_n and_o touch_v the_o ocean_n with_o this_o desert_n be_v comprehend_v those_o of_o azaoad_n and_o tegazza_n this_o last_o yield_v salt_n like_o marble_n which_o be_v take_v from_o a_o rock_n and_o carry_v 2_o 3_o 4_o or_o 500_o league_n into_o the_o land_n of_o the_o negro_n and_o serve_v in_o some_o place_n for_o money_n and_o for_o this_o they_o buy_v their_o victual_n these_o people_n use_v it_o every_o moment_n let_v it_o melt_v in_o their_o mouth_n to_o hinder_v their_o gum_n from_o corrupt_v which_o often_o happen_v either_o because_o of_o the_o heat_n which_o continual_o reign_v or_o because_o their_o food_n corrupt_v in_o less_o than_o nothing_o in_o the_o desert_n of_o azaoad_n and_o in_o the_o way_n from_o dara_n to_o tombut_n be_v to_o be_v see_v two_o tomb_n the_o one_o of_o a_o rich_a merchant_n and_o the_o other_o of_o a_o carrier_n the_o merchant_n water_n be_v all_o go_v and_o ready_a to_o die_v for_o want_n buy_v of_o the_o carrier_n who_o have_v not_o overmuch_o one_o glass_n full_a for_o which_o he_o give_v he_o 10000_o ducat_n a_o poor_a little_a for_o so_o great_a a_o sum_n but_o what_o will_v not_o a_o man_n do_v in_o necessity_n yet_o at_o the_o end_n the_o carrier_n repent_v his_o bargain_n for_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o die_v for_o want_v of_o water_n before_o they_o can_v get_v out_o of_o the_o desert_n those_o near_o the_o sea_n have_v some_o trade_n with_o the_o portugal_n with_o who_o they_o change_v their_o gold_n of_o tibar_n for_o divers_a ware_n to_z the_o hono_fw-mi ble_o the_o governor_n sub_n governor_n deputy_n governor_n &_o court_n of_o assistant_n of_o the_o hono_n ble_o company_n of_o royal_a adventurer_n of_o england_n trade_v into_o africa_n this_o map_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v by_o ric._n blome_n â—frica_n or_o libya_n ulteriour_a where_o be_v the_o country_n of_o saara_n desert_n â—he_v country_n of_o negro_n and_o guine_a with_o the_o circumjacent_a country_n and_o kingdom_n design_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr sanson_n geographer_n to_o the_o french_a king_n and_o render_v into_o english_a by_o richard_n blome_n by_o the_o king_n especial_a command_n print_v for_o richard_n blome_n the_o country_n or_o desert_n of_o zvenziga_n zuenziga_n zuenziga_n under_o the_o name_n of_o which_o pass_v that_o of_o cogdenu_n and_o be_v more_o troublesome_a and_o dangerous_a than_o that_o of_o zanbaga_n as_o also_o more_o destitute_a of_o water_n and_o yet_o it_o have_v many_o people_n among_o other_o certain_a arab_n fear_v by_o all_o their_o neighbour_n and_o particular_o by_o the_o negro_n who_o those_o arab_n take_v and_o sell_v for_o slave_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n but_o in_o revenge_n when_o they_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o negro_n they_o be_v cut_v into_o so_o many_o piece_n that_o the_o big_a that_o remain_v be_v their_o two_o ear_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v zuenziga_n and_o ghir_n the_o desert_n of_o targa_n or_o hair_n some_o esteem_v this_o last_o the_o name_n of_o the_o principal_a place_n targa_n targa_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o so_o dry_a nor_o troublesome_a as_o the_o two_o other_o there_o be_v find_v many_o herb_n for_o pasture_n the_o soil_n indifferent_a fruitful_a and_o of_o a_o temperate_a air._n they_o have_v some_o well_n who_o water_n be_v good_a in_o the_o morning_n there_o fall_v store_n of_o manna_n which_o they_o find_v fresh_a and_o healthful_a of_o which_o they_o transport_v quantity_n to_o agade_n and_o other_o place_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v targa_n and_o hair_n lempta_fw-la be_v likewise_o esteem_v the_o name_n of_o a_o people_n lempta_fw-la lempta_fw-la and_o its_o principal_a place_n also_o digir_n this_o desert_n be_v dry_a and_o more_o troublesome_a than_o that_o of_o targa_n and_o its_o people_n haughty_a brutish_a and_o dangerous_a to_o they_o that_o cross_v it_o go_v from_o constantina_n
the_o bell_n which_o be_v feed_v with_o sugarcane_n after_o the_o juice_n be_v draw_v out_o grow_v fat_a and_o become_v so_o excellent_a that_o their_o pullain_n be_v account_v for_o no_o value_n to_o they_o even_o for_o sick_a people_n the_o middle_n of_o the_o isle_n be_v fill_v with_o mountain_n which_o be_v load_v with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o tree_n which_o be_v always_o cover_v with_o cloud_n which_o so_o moisten_v the_o tree_n that_o from_o they_o â—alls_v so_o much_o fresh_a water_n as_o make_v many_o little_a stream_n which_o water_v all_o part_n of_o the_o island_n the_o portugal_n have_v build_v the_o city_n pavoasan_n contain_v about_o 〈◊〉_d or_o 800_o house_n and_o some_o fort_n to_o defend_v the_o port_n they_o have_v erect_v a_o bishopric_n and_o do_v allow_v of_o no_o religion_n but_o the_o christian_a this_o town_n be_v well_o frequent_v by_o portugal_n merchant_n who_o trade_n in_o the_o commodity_n aforesaid_a the_o inhabitant_n be_v negro_n and_o very_o black_a prince_n island_n have_v a_o little_a city_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n live_v convenient_o the_o isle_n be_v fruitful_a island_n prince_n island_n yield_a fruit_n sugar_n some_o ginger_n etc._n etc._n once_o take_v by_o the_o hollander_n who_o for_o some_o reason_n soon_o abandon_v it_o annobon_n the_o island_n of_o annobon_n the_o island_n of_o annobon_n yield_v sugar_n cotton_n cattle_n and_o excellent_a fruit_n especial_o large_a orange_n in_o this_o isle_n there_o be_v a_o town_n of_o 100_o or_o 120_o house_n of_o black_n who_o be_v govern_v by_o some_o few_o portugal_n helena_n the_o isle_n of_o st._n helena_n the_o island_n of_o st._n helena_n be_v first_o discover_v by_o the_o portugal_n upon_o the_o 21_o of_o may_n on_o which_o day_n be_v celebrate_v the_o memory_n of_o st._n helena_n the_o mother_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a from_o who_o it_o take_v its_o name_n this_o isle_n be_v so_o fertile_a that_o it_o be_v observe_v no_o place_n in_o all_o europe_n yield_v the_o like_a plenty_n for_o with_o manure_v and_o cultivate_v the_o earth_n it_o produce_v excellent_a fruit_n which_o be_v here_o find_v all_o the_o year_n it_o have_v great_a store_n of_o barbary_n hen_n feasant_n partridge_n pigeon_n quail_n peacock_n with_o several_a sort_n of_o small_a bird_n in_o great_a plenty_n it_o have_v also_o goat_n swine_n etc._n etc._n yet_o this_o isle_n be_v not_o inhabit_v but_o serve_v for_o the_o english_a portugal_n spaniard_n and_o hollander_n to_o refresh_v themselves_o in_o go_v but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o return_v from_o the_o indies_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o furnish_v ship_n with_o provision_n for_o their_o voyage_n here_o be_v salt_n to_o preserve_v the_o meat_n from_o stink_v and_o beside_o the_o air_n be_v so_o healthful_a that_o they_o often_o leave_v their_o sick_a people_n there_o who_o in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v restore_v to_o perfect_a health_n and_o by_o the_o next_o ship_n that_o put_v in_o there_o be_v take_v in_o again_o during_o which_o time_n they_o find_v wherewithal_o to_o feed_v they_o but_o some_o year_n ago_o the_o hollander_n ruin_v all_o that_o be_v good_a only_o to_o spite_v the_o spaniard_n who_o afterward_o do_v the_o same_o that_o the_o english_a hollander_n etc._n etc._n may_v have_v no_o profit_n by_o it_o this_o island_n be_v well_o furnish_v with_o good_a water_n which_o alone_o be_v a_o great_a refreshment_n to_o ship_n inhabit_v other_o isle_n not_o inhabit_v the_o island_n of_o fernand_n poo_n st._n matthews_n and_o ascension_n be_v also_o not_o inhabit_v and_o of_o no_o great_a account_n nor_o much_o know_v which_o we_o shall_v pass_v by_o say_v only_o that_o they_o have_v some_o fowl_n wild_a beast_n and_o their_o sea_n yield_v fish_n nubia_n bound_n nubia_n and_o its_o bound_n nubia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n west_n and_o south_n almost_o every_o where_n with_o mountain_n which_o separate_v it_o from_o the_o desert_n of_o barca_n and_o egypt_n on_o the_o north_n from_o saara_n and_o the_o negro_n on_o the_o west_n and_o from_o the_o abyssins_n on_o the_o south_n the_o rest_n towards_o the_o east_n be_v hound_v in_o part_n by_o the_o nile_n which_o separate_v it_o from_o the_o isle_n of_o gueguere_fw-la in_o part_n by_o a_o imaginary_a line_n which_o separate_v it_o from_o divers_a province_n of_o which_o some_o belong_v to_o the_o turk_n who_o hold_v all_o that_o be_v on_o the_o red_a sea_n which_o they_o have_v take_v from_o the_o abyssins_n place_n it_o be_v length_n and_o breadth_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n nubia_n thus_o take_v make_v a_o long_a square_n who_o length_n from_o south-west_n to_o north-east_n be_v about_o 400_o league_n and_o its_o breadth_n from_o southeast_n to_o north-west_n almost_o every_o where_o 200_o league_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o nubia_n be_v cusa_n gualva_n dancala_n jalac_n and_o sula_n according_a to_o the_o arab_n of_o nubia_n moreover_n and_o in_o the_o same_o author_n i_o find_v that_o tamalma_n zaghara_n mathan_n angimi_fw-la nuabia_n tagua_n and_o some_o other_o fall_v likewise_o in_o nubia_n and_o by_o some_o author_n gorham_n which_o some_o will_v put_v among_o the_o negro_n shall_v be_v likewise_o in_o nubia_n because_o it_o be_v on_o the_o nile_n there_o where_o it_o can_v have_v no_o communication_n with_o the_o negro_n who_o ought_v to_o be_v upon_o and_o about_o the_o niger_n likewise_o damocla_n towards_o the_o negro_n and_o bugia_n towards_o egypt_n aught_o to_o be_v esteem_v in_o nubia_n gorham_n the_o city_n of_o gorham_n gorham_n be_v on_o the_o nile_n and_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o isle_n gueguere_fw-la sanutus_n make_v a_o kingdom_n a_o desert_n and_o a_o people_n of_o this_o name_n and_o extend_v they_o almost_o alâ—_n the_o length_n of_o the_o isle_n gueguere_fw-la not_o make_v any_o mention_n of_o the_o city_n of_o this_o name_n nor_o john_n leon_n of_o africa_n nor_o the_o arab_n of_o nubia_n nor_o vincent_n blank_a who_o say_v he_o have_v be_v in_o these_o quarter_n and_o speak_v only_o of_o the_o desert_n oâ—_n gorham_n other_o author_n make_v mention_n of_o this_o city_n and_o describe_v it_o on_o the_o nile_n sanutus_n say_v that_o there_o be_v find_v emerald_n in_o those_o mountain_n which_o bind_v gorham_n on_o the_o south_n except_o only_a gorham_n the_o arab_n of_o nubia_n observe_v the_o distance_n between_o all_o the_o other_o city_n which_o we_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o and_o say_v that_o tamalma_n have_v many_o inhabitant_n no_o wall_n make_v little_a account_n of_o mathan_n and_o angimi_fw-la moreover_o he_o esteem_v mathan_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o canem_fw-la who_o hold_v here_o many_o city_n make_v zaghara_n better_a and_o say_v it_o have_v some_o trade_n tagua_n and_o nubia_n more_o from_o which_o last_o the_o region_n and_o people_n take_v their_o name_n john_n leon_n and_o sanutus_n after_o he_o esteem_v dancala_n or_o dangala_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o kingdom_n seat_v on_o the_o nile_n and_o that_o it_o have_v about_o 10000_o family_n and_o he_o say_v its_o house_n be_v build_v with_o chalk_n and_o cover_v with_o lath_n or_o board_n the_o inhabitant_n civil_a and_o rich_a drive_v a_o good_a trade_n through_o all_o egypt_n even_o to_o cairo_n whither_o they_o carry_v arm_n clothes_n civet_n sanders_n and_o ivory_n they_o have_v a_o certain_a poison_n worth_a 100_o ducat_n a_o ounce_n which_o they_o sell_v only_o to_o stranger_n which_o promise_v not_o to_o use_v it_o in_o the_o country_n and_o also_o bugia_n seat_v on_o the_o nile_n a_o city_n of_o some_o account_n and_o trade_n as_o be_v jalac_n gualva_n and_o cusa_n also_o seat_v on_o the_o nile_n the_o empire_n of_o the_o abyssine_n or_o the_o high_a aethiopia_n wherein_o be_v comprehend_v divers_a kingdom_n country_n coast_n isle_n etc._n etc._n which_o may_v be_v consider_v as_o they_o lie_v northern_o and_o towards_o egypt_n as_o the_o kingdom_n of_o nubia_n with_o its_o estate_n and_o city_n of_o gorham_n jalac_n mathan_n gualva_n dancala_n cusa_n zaghara_n bugia_n angimi_fw-la tamalma_n sula_n tagua_n north-eastern_o and_o towards_o the_o red_a sea_n as_o the_o coast_n of_o adex_n which_o comprehend_v the_o kingdom_n of_o barnagasso_n suaquen_o ercocco_n carna_n corberia_n barva_n zama_n isle_n of_o bahia_n suaquem_fw-la mire_n macruma_n st._n peitre_n eastern_o and_o towards_o the_o sea_n of_o zanguebar_v as_o the_o coast_n of_o ajan_n which_o comprehend_v the_o kingdom_n of_o adea_n brava_n magadoxa_n barraboa_n quilmanca_n kingdom_n of_o adel_n adel_n zeila_n barbora_n meta._n isle_n of_o zocotora_fw-la the_o coast_n of_o zanguebar_v with_o its_o estate_n and_o city_n of_o mongale_n chelicia_n pate_n lamon_n angos_n mongalo_n melinda_n mombaze_n angos_n quiloa_n mozambique_n darcelum_n isle_n about_o the_o coast_n of_o zanguebar_v as_o monfia_n sanctus_n rochus_n zanzibara_n penda_n southern_o western_o and_o towards_o the_o kingdom_n of_o congo_n
or_o the_o lower_n aethiopia_n where_o be_v the_o kingdom_n or_o province_n of_o tigremahon_n chuxumum_n saibana_n angota_n angotina_n bugano_n st._n maria._n xoa_o xoa_o fatigara_n mundinae_fw-la cancala_n degibeldara_n degibelcora_n bagamedri_fw-la chilcut_n ermita_n azuga_n baza_n machanda_n goyame_n chilcut_n ermita_n azuga_n baza_n machanda_n ambian_n cemenia_n ambiami_n amasen_n sire_n dambea_n ambadara_n chedaflan_n vangue_n matagazi_n vangue_n damout_fw-fr damute_v harode_n gaga_n amara_fw-la amara_fw-la fungi_fw-la baraena_fw-la burn._n ambiam_fw-la ambiam_fw-la therva_n azuga_n ougne_n losa_n sesila_n agola_n gemen_n gemen_n dara_n jaflan_n gorga_fw-la gorga_fw-la bara_n gafat_n gavi-gasa_a gasabella_n narea_n falaccia_n gavi_n zet_z gafates_n cafates_n maurama_n fungi_fw-la fungi_fw-la quara_n quara_n nova_n agag_n agag_n gorava_n giarva_n a_o map_n of_o the_o high_a and_o lower_n aethiopia_n comprehend_v y_z e_o several_a kingdom_n &c_n &c_n in_o each_o to_o wit_n in_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o abyssine_n the_o coast_n of_o zanguebar_v abex_n and_o aian_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o nubia_n and_o biafara_n &c_n &c_n in_o the_o lower_n aethiopia_n the_o kingdom_n of_o congo_n y_fw-fr e_o empire_n of_o monomotaâ—_n and_o monoemugy_a yâ—_z coast_n and_o land_n of_o cafres_n and_o of_o this_o side_n cape_n negres_n with_o the_o isle_n of_o madagasoar_n &c_n &c_n by_o mounseur_fw-fr sanson_n geograper_n to_o the_o french_z king_n to_z the_o rt._n worshipful_a sr._n william_n glynne_n of_o bissister_n in_o oxfordshire_n &_o of_o hawarden_n in_o flintshire_n bart._n this_o map_n be_v humble_o dd_v by_o r.b._n the_o empire_n of_o the_o abyssing_n or_o the_o high_a aethiopia_n breadth_n empire_n of_o the_o abissins_n its_o extent_n length_n &_o breadth_n abyssin_n or_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o abyssins_n be_v common_o call_v the_o high_a and_o great_a aethiopia_n because_o it_o make_v the_o great_a and_o better_a part_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o aethiopia_n and_o be_v the_o great_a and_o most_o considerable_a estate_n of_o all_o africa_n under_o one_o name_n it_o extend_v itself_o on_o this_o side_n and_o beyond_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n from_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o nile_n even_o near_o unto_o egypt_n and_o from_o the_o kingdom_n and_o estate_n of_o congo_n and_o the_o negro_n unto_o the_o coast_n of_o zanguebar_v ajan_n and_o habex_n it_o be_v great_a length_n from_o south_n to_o north_n be_v 800_o league_n it_o be_v breadth_n from_o west_n to_o east_n 4_o 5_o and_o sometime_o 600_o and_o in_o circuit_n about_o 2500._o part_n its_o part_n some_o divide_v this_o great_a estate_n into_o many_o kingdom_n and_o province_n as_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o geopraphical_a table_n of_o the_o high_a aethiopia_n we_o shall_v observe_v the_o most_o know_v describe_v kingdom_n of_o barnagasso_n describe_v barnagasso_n signify_v king_n of_o the_o sea_n because_o former_o all_o this_o kingdom_n or_o government_n hold_v all_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n from_o egypt_n unto_o the_o kingdom_n of_o dancala_n which_o be_v 250_o league_n at_o present_a the_o turk_n hold_v this_o coast_n where_o be_v suaquen_v mezzua_fw-la arquico_n which_o we_o will_v describe_v with_o zanguebar_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o habex_n barva_n or_o daburova_n be_v esteem_v the_o chief_a of_o barnagasso_n after_o which_o some_o put_v canfila_n daffila_n and_o emacen_n other_o esteem_v canfila_n and_o daffila_n province_n or_o government_n and_o emacen_n a_o city_n of_o the_o government_n of_o daffila_n 20_o league_n from_o barva_n 50_o from_o suaquen_n chaxumo_fw-la be_v the_o chief_a of_o tiger_n a_o fair_a city_n and_o according_a to_o the_o common_a opinion_n the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o sheba_n or_o saba_n that_o come_v to_o see_v solomon_n both_o the_o city_n and_o quarter_n of_o sabain_n not_o far_o from_o chaxumo_n seem_v to_o retain_v the_o name_n there_o be_v every_o where_o here_o about_o find_v a_o great_a many_o fair_a church_n angotine_n be_v a_o city_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o angota_n and_o here_o they_o use_v salt_n or_o little_a piece_n of_o iron_n instead_o of_o money_n describe_v kingdom_n of_o amara_fw-la describe_v the_o kingdom_n of_o amara_fw-la be_v farnous_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o mountain_n where_o the_o child_n and_o near_a of_o kindred_n to_o the_o grand_a negus_n be_v guard_v this_o mountain_n be_v very_o high_a of_o a_o great_a circuit_n and_o who_o approach_n be_v very_o difficult_a be_v craggy_a on_o all_o side_n and_o easy_a to_o defend_v which_o make_v this_o use_n be_v make_v of_o it_o to_o keep_v those_o which_o may_v cause_v any_o commotion_n in_o the_o estate_n the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v form_v into_o a_o great_a plain_n where_o there_o be_v fair_a building_n many_o cistern_n a_o rich_a monastery_n etc._n etc._n some_o speak_v wonder_n of_o this_o mountain_n and_o that_o the_o grand_fw-fr negus_n be_v decease_v they_o take_v thence_o he_o who_o be_v the_o trueinterior_a if_o he_o be_v capable_a to_o govern_v the_o estate_n if_o not_o the_o second_o or_o three_o etc._n etc._n in_o order_n other_o say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o they_o put_v here_o neither_o monastery_n library_n gold_n precious_a stone_n etc._n etc._n describe_v kingdom_n of_o bagamedri_n with_o its_o province_n &c._n &c._n describe_v bagamedri_n be_v subdivide_v into_o province_n like_v to_o tiger_n have_v a_o great_a extent_n and_o shall_v be_v better_o lie_v along_o the_o nile_n the_o prince_n reside_v often_o at_o dambea_n which_o be_v beyond_o the_o nile_n as_o well_o as_o damout_v some_o place_n the_o spring_n of_o the_o nile_n in_o goyame_n other_o in_o cafates_n the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o kingdom_n be_v about_o the_o lake_n of_o zaire_n goyame_n where_n this_o lake_n reduce_v itself_o into_o a_o river_n which_o be_v the_o nile_n cafates_n on_o one_o of_o the_o principal_a river_n of_o those_o that_o fall_v into_o the_o lake_n which_o apparent_o shall_v be_v call_v the_o nile_n narea_n be_v between_o the_o lake_n of_o zaire_n and_o zafflan_n which_o be_v two_o lake_n from_o whence_o descend_v the_o principal_a river_n which_o make_v the_o nile_n abissin_n the_o air_n fertility_n commodity_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o abissin_n the_o air_n of_o abissin_n be_v very_o temperate_a consider_v its_o situation_n tigremaâ—on_o particular_o be_v esteem_v so_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o norther_v wind_n which_o refresh_v it_o all_o the_o country_n be_v in_o plain_n except_o some_o mountain_n which_o be_v especial_o towards_o its_o bound_n the_o soil_n be_v general_o good_a fruitful_a in_o grain_n and_o pulse_n of_o which_o it_o have_v excellent_a not_o know_v to_o we_o they_o have_v few_o vine_n as_o also_o few_o herb_n the_o grasshopper_n much_o annoy_v they_o the_o land_n feed_v many_o tame_a and_o wild_a beast_n and_o much_o fowl_n among_o other_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o turtle_n their_o river_n have_v crocodile_n and_o river-hoâ—ses_a which_o they_o call_v gomaras_n it_o be_v a_o hardy_a fish_n and_o will_v assault_v man_n in_o the_o water_n it_o have_v much_o metal_n as_o gold_n silver_n lead_v tin_n and_o the_o mountain_n so_o full_a of_o sulphur_n that_o they_o may_v afford_v wherewith_o to_o make_v saltpetre_n more_o than_o any_o country_n in_o the_o world_n tigremahon_n have_v mine_n of_o gold_n silver_n iron_n lead_v copper_n and_o sulphur_n damout_n have_v more_o gold_n than_o all_o the_o rest_n bagamedri_n and_o goyame_n have_v likewise_o gold_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v general_o black_a some_o more_o some_o less_o they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o a_o good_a stature_n flat_a nose_a woolly_a haired_a of_o a_o nimble_a spirit_n and_o very_o jovial_a they_o have_v scarce_o any_o thing_n of_o literature_n neither_o do_v they_o much_o desire_n to_o attain_v to_o any_o they_o coin_n neither_o gold_n nor_o silver_n but_o receive_v it_o by_o weight_n some_o author_n make_v this_o prince_n so_o rich_a that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o in_o the_o world_n have_v so_o much_o present_a gold_n in_o his_o coffer_n sanutus_n say_v that_o he_o once_o offer_v to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n a_o million_o of_o dram_fw-la of_o gold_n and_o as_o many_o man_n to_o exterminate_v the_o infidel_n people_n it_o be_v people_n and_o queen_n helena_n write_v to_o emanuel_n of_o portugal_n and_o speak_v for_o her_o grandchild_n david_n say_v that_o if_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n will_v furnish_v they_o with_o 1000_o vessel_n of_o war_n and_o people_n fit_a for_o the_o sea_n that_o she_o will_v on_o her_o part_n powerful_a its_o king_n very_o rich_a and_o powerful_a furnish_v they_o with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o war_n and_o give_v they_o 200_o million_o of_o gold_n and_o that_o she_o have_v man_n gold_n and_o provision_n in_o suchgreat_a number_n and_o plenty_n as_o there_o be_v sand_n in_o the_o sea_n or_o star_n in_o
the_o firmament_n zaara_fw-it king_n of_o aethiopia_n lead_v against_o asa_n king_n of_o judah_n 90000_o foot_n and_o 10000_o horse_n which_o be_v 100000_o men._n pliny_n esteem_v the_o isle_n of_o meroes_n alone_a have_v 250000_o man_n fit_a to_o bear_v arm_n and_o 400000_o artisan_n at_o present_a the_o grand_a negus_n be_v hold_v able_a to_o raise_v a_o million_o of_o man_n and_o barnagas_n alone_o to_o furnish_v 200000_o foot_n and_o 20000_o horse_n the_o prince_n be_v always_o in_o the_o field_n and_o 5_o or_o 6000_o tent_n attend_v on_o he_o where_o be_v be_v church_n hospital_n shop_n tavern_n etc._n etc._n which_o furnish_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o himself_o and_o his_o train_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o fortress_n in_o the_o country_n except_o where_o mountain_n of_o themselves_o make_v they_o the_o neighbour_n to_o this_o estate_n be_v the_o turk_n who_o hold_v all_o the_o coast_n of_o haber_n on_o the_o red_a sea_n the_o king_n of_o adel_n and_o some_o other_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o ajan_n and_o zanguebar_v the_o monomotapa_n or_o the_o monoemugi_n towards_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o congo_n or_o some_o estate_n neighbour_a on_o congo_n and_o the_o negro_n towards_o the_o west_n some_o king_n of_o nubia_n towards_o the_o north._n except_o the_o turk_n the_o abissins_n have_v no_o civil_a war_n can_v easy_o reduce_v the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o to_o reason_n or_o at_o least_o hinder_v they_o from_o molest_v he_o zangvebar_v situation_n zangâ—â—bar_n its_o coast_n or_o part_n and_o their_o situation_n under_o the_o name_n of_o zangvebar_v i_o comprehend_v all_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o high_a aethiopia_n and_o these_o coast_n be_v on_o the_o aethiopian_a ocean_n and_o the_o red_a sea_n or_o gulf_n of_o arabia_n i_o subdivide_v they_o into_o three_o part_n the_o coast_n of_o zanguebar_v the_o coast_n of_o ajan_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o abex_n the_o coast_n of_o zanguebar_v extend_v itself_o from_o the_o cafres_n to_n under_o the_o equator_fw-la for_o the_o space_n of_o 5_o or_o 600_o league_n that_o of_o ajan_n be_v between_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o the_o straight_a of_o babelmandel_a likewise_o 600_o league_n the_o coast_n of_o abex_n advance_v from_o that_o straight_a to_o egypt_n and_o have_v not_o above_o 4000_o league_n the_o first_o part_n be_v call_v by_o the_o ancient_n barbaria_n regio_fw-la the_o second_o azania_n regio_n and_o the_o last_o trogloditica_fw-la regio_fw-la the_o particular_a coast_n of_o zanguebar_v towards_o the_o east_n regard_v some_o isle_n zanguebar_v zanguebar_v among_o which_o that_o of_o zanguebar_v which_o have_v communicate_v its_o name_n to_o the_o coast_n and_o then_o those_o of_o penda_n and_o monfia_n be_v the_o best_a know_v maffy_n make_v mention_n here_o of_o the_o isle_n and_o city_n of_o querimba_n and_o texera_n of_o anisa_n the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o possible_o answer_v to_o some_o of_o those_o which_o sanutas_n call_v st._n rocq_n and_o monfia_n which_o he_o say_v be_v four_o island_n two_o great_a and_o two_o small_a penda_fw-la and_o zanguebar_v be_v the_o great_a penda_fw-la penda_fw-la and_o according_a to_o the_o form_n sanutus_n give_v they_o be_v each_o of_o 100_o league_n circuit_n monfia_fw-mi 50_o and_o the_o other_o much_o less_o all_o and_o particular_o zanguebar_v produce_v quantity_n of_o grain_n as_o rice_n millet_n etc._n etc._n quantity_n of_o fruit_n as_o citron_n orange_n etc._n etc._n and_o many_o sugar_n cane_n which_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o resine_fw-la nor_o want_v they_o fountain_n of_o fresh_a water_n aniza_n and_o querimba_n have_v manna_n but_o not_o so_o much_o esteem_v as_o that_o of_o other_o place_n on_o the_o coast_n be_v the_o estate_n or_o kingdom_n of_o mongale_n on_o one_o of_o the_o branch_n of_o cuama_n angos_n or_o angouche_n on_o another_o branch_n or_o on_o another_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n mozambique_n isle_n and_o city_n on_o the_o coast_n as_o likewise_o quiloa_n and_o mombaze_v melinda_n be_v no_o isle_n but_o on_o the_o coast_n so_o be_v lamon_n pate_n etc._n etc._n mongalo_n and_o angos_n be_v little_a considerable_a their_o inhabitant_n black_a mahometan_n and_o pagan_n they_o traffic_v in_o gold_n ivory_n calico_n and_o silk_n the_o isle_n and_o city_n of_o mozambique_n be_v on_o that_o coast_n of_o africa_n which_o regard_v the_o isle_n of_o madagascar_n towards_o the_o east_n describe_v isle_n and_o city_n of_o mosambique_n describe_v and_o just_a between_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n and_o guardafuy_v near_o 1000_o league_n from_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o some_o account_n be_v make_v of_o this_o city_n and_o its_o fort_n for_o the_o goodness_n and_o depth_n of_o its_o port_n though_o small_a but_o of_o a_o very_a important_a retreat_n for_o the_o vessel_n of_o portugal_n after_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n where_o ofttimes_o the_o heat_n or_o the_o work_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o ship_n distemper_n many_o man_n who_o refresh_v themselves_o here_o there_o be_v a_o very_a good_a hospital_n and_o a_o magazine_n always_o furnish_v with_o what_o ever_o be_v needful_a to_o finish_v their_o voyage_n to_o the_o east_n indies_n this_o port_n serve_v they_o go_v to_o the_o indies_n as_o the_o isle_n oâ—_n sancta_fw-la helena_n do_v in_o their_o return_n the_o whole_a isle_n be_v not_o above_o a_o league_n and_o half_a in_o circuit_n it_o be_v city_n be_v not_o so_o beautiful_a as_o many_o have_v believe_v it_o but_o of_o a_o good_a trade_n wealthy_a and_o well_o frequent_v by_o the_o portugal_n it_o be_v castle_n be_v good_a since_o it_o have_v sustain_v divers_a assault_n of_o the_o hollander_n the_o soil_n be_v dry_a have_v none_o or_o very_o little_a freshwater_n but_o the_o great_a number_n of_o fruit_n as_o cocos_fw-la orange_n citron_n as_o other_o common_a to_o the_o indies_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o cattle_n as_o ox_n sheep_n goat_n hog_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v find_v here_o recompense_v these_o inconvenience_n their_o fig_n be_v long_a and_o large_a be_v excellent_a and_o healthful_a the_o tree_n sprout_n and_o die_v every_o year_n it_o shoot_v forth_o but_o one_o branch_n where_o many_o fig_n ripen_v one_o after_o another_o so_o that_o they_o be_v find_v to_o continue_v almost_o all_o the_o year_n the_o leave_n be_v so_o great_a that_o two_o will_v cover_v a_o person_n of_o a_o moderate_a stature_n die_v it_o leave_v a_o root_n which_o shoot_v forth_o another_o figtree_n the_o year_n after_o their_o swines-flesh_n be_v so_o healthful_a that_o physician_n order_v it_o for_o sick_a people_n their_o pullain_n be_v good_a and_o delicate_a though_o their_o feather_n flesh_n blood_n and_o bone_n be_v very_o black_a and_o if_o boil_v in_o water_n as_o black_a as_o ink._n here_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v sheep_n who_o tail_n weigh_v about_o 25_o pound_n weight_n etc._n kingdom_n of_o quiloa_n its_o chief_a place_n etc._n etc._n qviloa_n be_v 150_o league_n or_o little_o more_o from_o mozambique_n in_o a_o strait_a line_n and_o near_o 250_o by_o sea_n it_o have_v two_o cites_n the_o old_a and_o the_o new_a the_o old_a on_o the_o main_a land_n the_o new_a in_o a_o island_n divide_v from_o it_o by_o a_o small_a channel_n this_o last_o be_v much_o the_o fair_a its_o house_n high_a magnificent_a and_o well_o furnish_v accompunied_a with_o garden_n where_o they_o gather_v excellent_a fruit_n throughout_o the_o whole_a year_n the_o king_n of_o quiloa_n once_o command_v all_o the_o coast_n into_o mozambique_n and_o sofala_n but_o this_o estate_n have_v receive_v a_o great_a change_n since_o the_o come_n of_o the_o portugal_n into_o these_o quarter_n people_n it_o be_v people_n its_o inhabitant_n be_v yet_o rich_a and_o have_v a_o great_a traffic_n for_o gold_n which_o they_o bring_v from_o the_o main_a land_n where_o there_o be_v near_o as_o much_o as_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o sofala_n as_o also_o silver_n ambergris_n pearl_n and_o musk_n they_o be_v part_v black_a part_z white_z these_o come_n from_o arabia_n and_o be_v mahometan_n the_o other_o of_o the_o native_n be_v partly_o idolater_n both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o go_v clad_v after_o the_o arab_n or_o turkish_a manner_n the_o rich_a wear_v clothes_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n silk_n fine_a calico_n and_o scarlet_a enrich_v the_o guard_n of_o their_o sword_n and_o dagger_n with_o fair_a pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n as_o the_o woman_n do_v their_o ear-pendant_n and_o bracelet_n they_o be_v very_o comely_a of_o a_o civil_a behaviour_n neat_a in_o their_o house_n and_o love_n to_o go_v in_o rich_a apparel_n here_o the_o people_n be_v observe_v to_o use_v a_o strange_a custom_n to_o those_o of_o the_o female_a sex_n which_o be_v not_o use_v by_o any_o other_o nation_n or_o people_n save_v themselves_o which_o be_v that_o they_o sow_v up_o the_o privy-part_n of_o the_o female_a
also_o of_o a_o barren_a soil_n and_o its_o people_n also_o barbarous_a batta_n batta_n but_o indifferent_a well_o skilled_a in_o arm_n and_o that_o be_v force_v to_o it_o rather_o to_o defend_v themselves_o than_o to_o offend_v other_o it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v batta_n agisymba_n and_o gongou_n pemba_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o rich_a and_o pleasant_a province_n of_o all_o congo_n pemba_fw-la pemba_fw-la be_v very_o fertile_a in_o grain_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n have_v good_a water_n the_o air_n be_v healthful_a the_o inhabitant_n since_o the_o portugal_n sit_v footing_n there_o be_v become_v very_o civil_a imitate_v they_o both_o in_o behaviour_n and_o apparel_n it_o be_v chief_a city_n call_v banza_n that_o be_v the_o court_n and_o which_o the_o portagal_n call_v st._n salvador_n place_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n be_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o king_n seat_v on_o a_o eminence_n which_o discover_v the_o country_n on_o all_o side_n this_o situation_n together_o with_o its_o 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iron_n crystal_n marble_n jaspar_n porphyre_n etc._n etc._n they_o know_v not_o their_o history_n but_o by_o the_o reign_v of_o their_o king_n and_o without_o specify_v the_o time_n for_o they_o have_v no_o letter_n much_o less_o learning_n and_o hereupon_o some_o will_v make_v we_o believe_v that_o emanuel_n of_o portugal_n have_v send_v a_o famous_a ambassador_n into_o congo_n with_o many_o present_n among_o other_o three_o fair_a book_n excellent_o bind_v and_o which_o contain_v the_o cannon_n the_o law_n imperial_a the_o ordinance_n civil_a right_n the_o infortiate_a the_o rubric_n etc._n etc._n and_o with_o these_o book_n many_o doctor_n of_o law_n to_o teach_v the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o and_o when_o the_o king_n of_o congo_n do_v understand_v the_o subject_n that_o these_o fair_a book_n contain_v and_o know_v the_o profession_n of_o the_o doctor_n he_o be_v so_o surprise_v that_o he_o remain_v sometime_o silent_a but_o in_o the_o end_n he_o cause_v these_o book_n to_o be_v burn_v say_v that_o he_o fear_v they_o will_v overihrow_v the_o very_a foundation_n of_o his_o estate_n and_o that_o he_o content_v himself_o to_o judge_v according_a to_o reason_n and_o need_v no_o other_o interpreter_n than_o common_a sense_n but_o withal_o protest_v that_o he_o will_v remain_v a_o good_a and_o entire_a friend_n to_o emanuel_n king_n of_o portugal_n and_o so_o send_v back_o his_o doctor_n the_o author_n of_o the_o essay_n of_o the_o wonder_n of_o nature_n apply_v this_o story_n to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o abyssins_n it_o be_v much_o at_o one_o let_v we_o return_v to_o congo_n they_o say_v that_o the_o province_n of_o bamba_n can_v furnish_v at_o a_o need_n 400000_o strong_a and_o warlike_a man_n the_o other_o province_n be_v no_o less_o nor_o possible_o worse_a people_v than_o this_o but_o less_o addict_v to_o arms._n this_o be_v esteem_v the_o bulwark_n of_o the_o kingdom_n affect_v to_o the_o service_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o so_o strong_a that_o at_o one_o 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river_n it_o be_v 75_o or_o 80_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n the_o mountain_n of_o cambamba_n rich_a in_o mine_n of_o silver_n be_v in_o this_o country_n which_o the_o portugal_n cause_n to_o be_v labour_v it_o be_v other_o chief_a place_n be_v massirgan_n on_o the_o river_n coanza_n benguela_n seat_v on_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o bay_n of_o thora_n and_o quicongo_n a_o seaport_n town_n trade_n it_o be_v trade_n through_o the_o whole_a country_n there_o be_v a_o great_a traffic_n for_o slave_n 20_o or_o 25000_o yearly_a be_v transport_v from_o the_o port_n of_o loanda_n there_o be_v such_o multitude_n in_o this_o kingdom_n that_o the_o grand_fw-fr soba_n as_o they_o say_v can_v in_o a_o moment_n raise_v 100000_o man_n and_o that_o in_o anno_fw-la 1584._o he_o raise_v 1200000._o in_o anno_fw-la 1585._o 600000._o yet_o these_o last_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n by_o 200_o portugal_n at_o the_o head_n of_o 10000_o aethiopian_n
west_n and_o advance_v a_o little_a towards_o the_o south_n so_o that_o st._n anthony_n and_o brava_n make_v the_o two_o end_n or_o point_n towards_o the_o west_n bona_n vista_n make_v the_o middle_a of_o the_o half_a circle_n towards_o the_o east_n sancta_fw-la lucia_n nicholas_n st._n nicholas_n st._n nicholas_n and_o st._n jago_n be_v the_o great_a have_v each_o 100_o or_o 120000_o pace_n of_o length_n 15_o 20_o or_o 30000_o of_o breadth_n and_o 200_o or_o 250000_o pace_n of_o circuit_n st._n anthonio_n and_o st._n vincent_n be_v less_o by_o more_o than_o half_a and_o not_o of_o above_o 100000_o pace_n in_o circuit_n the_o rest_n which_o be_v the_o least_o have_v not_o above_o 30_o 40_o or_o 50000_o pace_n i_o make_v no_o account_n of_o seven_o or_o eight_o other_o who_o name_n have_v not_o be_v give_v we_o and_o which_o be_v rather_o rock_n than_o isle_n st._n jago_n be_v the_o great_a and_o the_o chief_a of_o all_o have_v a_o bishop_n seat_n in_o the_o city_n of_o the_o same_o 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sargasso_n this_o herb_n except_o that_o it_o be_v more_o yellow_a resemble_v sea-parsley_n bear_v certain_a grain_n or_o fruit_n at_o the_o end_n but_o of_o neither_o taste_n nor_o substance_n many_o have_v be_v much_o trouble_v to_o know_v from_o whence_o these_o weed_n come_v which_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o isle_n and_o from_o the_o firm_a land_n more_o than_o 60_o league_n and_o in_o a_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n where_o there_o be_v no_o bottom_n find_v nevertheless_o they_o be_v so_o close_o and_o in_o so_o great_a quantity_n that_o the_o water_n seem_v rather_o a_o meadow_n or_o green_a field_n than_o a_o sea_n ship_n which_o fall_v among_o these_o weed_n have_v need_n of_o a_o good_a wind_n to_o disengage_v themselves_o and_o i_o believe_v it_o be_v these_o which_o hinder_v sataspes_n from_o finish_v his_o course_n about_o africa_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o misfortune_n this_o sataspes_n son_n of_o teaspes_n one_o of_o the_o achemenides_n sataspes_n a_o story_n of_o 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verde_n the_o position_n wherein_o the_o isle_n of_o cape_n verde_n be_v now_o find_v answer_v much_o better_a to_o the_o position_n of_o the_o fortunate_a isle_n of_o ptolemy_n then_o that_o of_o the_o canary_n ptolemy_n place_n his_o fortunate_a isle_n between_o the_o 10_o and_o 16_o degree_n of_o latitude_n the_o isle_n of_o cape_n verde_n be_v between_o the_o 13_o and_o 19_o the_o canary_n beyond_o the_o 26._o the_o meridian_n of_o the_o fortunate_a isle_n of_o ptolemy_n be_v at_o 8_o degree_n of_o longitude_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n and_o towards_o the_o west_n the_o least_o meridian_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o cape_n verde_n be_v at_o 8_o degree_n of_o longitude_n from_o the_o same_o coast_n and_o towards_o the_o same_o side_n the_o least_o meridian_n of_o the_o canary_n touch_v the_o coast_n of_o africa_n ptolemy_n confine_v his_o fortunate_a isle_n under_o one_o meridian_n and_o extend_v they_o from_o south_n to_o north_n between_o the_o ten_o to_o the_o sixteenth_o 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greatness_n nor_o for_o its_o fertility_n neither_o for_o ancient_a renown_n but_o by_o reason_n it_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o great_a master_n and_o knight_n of_o st._n john_n of_o jerusalem_n who_o at_o present_a we_o call_v of_o malta_n where_o they_o have_v settle_v since_o they_o lose_v rhodes_n and_o because_o it_o serve_v as_o a_o powerful_a rampire_n for_o all_o christendom_n and_o particular_o for_o sicily_n and_o naples_n breadth_n it_o be_v length_n and_o breadth_n the_o length_n of_o the_o isle_n be_v not_o above_o 20_o or_o 25000_o pace_n its_o breadth_n 10_o or_o 12000_o and_o its_o circuit_n about_o 60000_o pace_n which_o be_v 20_o or_o 25_o italian_a mile_n in_o length_n 10_o or_o 12_o in_o breadth_n and_o 60_o in_o circuit_n the_o soil_n except_o the_o ancient_a city_n of_o malta_n commodity_n it_o be_v soil_n and_o commodity_n be_v almost_o all_o stone_n craggy_a and_o dry_a yet_o it_o produce_v wheat_n barley_n cummin_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n among_o other_o figgs_n apricock_n citron_n melon_n grape_n etc._n etc._n it_o feed_v horse_n ass_n mule_n hog_n goat_n sheep_n hare_n coney_n hen_n partridge_n quail_n falcon_n and_o other_o bird_n of_o prey_n and_o its_o beast_n fowl_n grain_n fruit_n as_o likewise_o their_o caper_n honey_n and_o cotton_n of_o which_o they_o make_v cotton_n cloth_n and_o several_a manufacture_n be_v excellent_a yet_o it_o want_v much_o corn_n and_o wine_n for_o the_o necessary_a food_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n which_o be_v 75_o or_o 80000_o soul_n and_o among_o which_o there_o be_v about_o 15_o or_o 16000_o soldier_n beside_o the_o knight_n so_o that_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o fetch_v their_o provision_n from_o sicily_n which_o they_o have_v at_o a_o certain_a rate_n and_o with_o privilege_n to_o pay_v no_o custom_n inhabitant_n its_o inhabitant_n the_o natural_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n be_v say_v to_o be_v miserable_a churlish_a and_o uncivil_a people_n of_o complexion_n not_o less_o tawny_a than_o the_o moor_n use_v the_o african_a language_n but_o follow_v the_o religion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n which_o the_o knight_n be_v bind_v to_o defend_v their_o woman_n be_v fair_a who_o be_v debar_v the_o society_n of_o man_n and_o go_v veil_v as_o not_o desire_v to_o show_v themselves_o and_o be_v guard_v after_o the_o italian_a manner_n they_o have_v here_o a_o great_a many_o of_o courtesan_n which_o be_v tolerate_v who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v grecian_n who_o sit_v at_o their_o door_n play_v on_o instrument_n etc._n etc._n to_o entice_v man_n in_o to_o they_o place_n its_o port_n road_n and_o chief_a place_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o this_o isle_n and_o beginning_n by_o malta_n and_o turn_v towards_o the_o east_n south_n and_o west_n etc._n etc._n to_o make_v the_o circuit_n the_o port_n road_n and_o harbour_n which_o present_v themselves_o be_v marza_n or_o marza-scala_a then_o marza_n sirocco_n where_o the_o turk_n land_v the_o 19_o of_o may_v 1565_o when_o they_o have_v a_o design_n to_o besiege_v malta_n the_o great_a master_n vignacour_n have_v since_o cause_v to_o be_v build_v two_o fort_n which_o defend_v the_o entrance_n and_o a_o three_o upon_o that_o languet_fw-la or_o tongue_n of_o land_n which_o advance_v into_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o port_n enough_o to_o hinder_v any_o for_o the_o future_a from_o cast_v anchor_n there_o in_o quiet_a continue_v towards_o the_o coast_n which_o regard_v the_o south_n and_o far_o towards_o the_o west_n be_v nothing_o but_o rock_n except_o it_o be_v a_o little_a bay_n or_o gulf_n of_o pietra_n negre_n other_o call_v it_o pietra_fw-la sancta_fw-la where_o the_o 5_o of_o july_n arrive_v the_o first_o succour_n in_o favour_n of_o malta_n this_o relief_n be_v but_o of_o six_o hundred_o man_n who_o pass_v from_o pietra_n sancta_fw-la to_o the_o old_a city_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o bourg_n il-borgo_n which_o the_o turk_n besiege_v after_o have_v take_v the_o fort_n of_o st._n elmo_n and_o this_o assistance_n serve_v much_o to_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o place_n pietra_fw-la sancta_fw-la regard_v towards_o the_o south_n turk_n the_o isle_n have_v oft_o withstand_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o turk_n the_o rock_n of_o forfolo_n or_o furfura_n towards_o the_o west_n be_v the_o golf_n or_o bay_n of_o anteofega_n the_o islander_n call_v it_o hayntofeca_n than_o muggiaro_n where_o the_o turk_n first_o cast_v anchor_v the_o 18_o of_o may_v 1565._o between_o the_o west_n and_o north_n be_v the_o bay_n or_o port_n of_o melecca_n where_o the_o great_a relief_n arrive_v the_o 7_o of_o december_n follow_v melecca_n regard_v the_o island_n of_o goza_n and_o in_o the_o straight_a or_o channel_n between_o both_o be_v the_o isle_n of_o cumin_n and_o cuminat_fw-la this_o part_n of_o the_o isle_n about_o melecca_n be_v almost_o divide_v from_o the_o rest_n by_o the_o gulf_n or_o port_n of_o the_o saline_n vecchie_n or_o old_a saltpit_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o that_o of_o muggiaro_n towards_o the_o west_n and_o if_o the_o turk_n have_v seize_v the_o pass_n which_o be_v between_o they_o this_o assistance_n have_v prove_v vain_a next_o to_o the_o gulf_n of_o the_o old_a saline_n be_v the_o creek_n and_o chapel_n of_o st._n paul_n where_o according_a to_o common_a tradition_n he_o be_v ship_n wrack_v next_o be_v the_o creek_n of_o new_a salines_n and_o the_o creek_n of_o st._n george_n where_o the_o turk_n dis-imbarked_n their_o ammunition_n to_o serve_v to_o assault_v the_o fort_n st._n elmo_n and_o in_o fine_a the_o port_n of_o marza_n massetto_n and_o marza_n grande_fw-fr be_v those_o where_n at_o three_o several_a time_n have_v be_v build_v and_o fortify_v three_o city_n and_o divers_a fort_n contiguous_a to_o each_o other_o it_o borgo_n or_o the_o bourg_n be_v 2000_o pace_n in_o circuit_n the_o isle_n of_o sengle_n 1500_o each_o of_o 1000_o or_o 1200_o house_n the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o so_o well_o fortify_v that_o they_o receive_v 70000_o can_v 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the_o landward_o which_o be_v cut_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n which_o be_v exceed_o broad_a of_o a_o very_a great_a depth_n strong_o flankt_v and_o well_o fortify_v the_o wall_n be_v strong_a join_v to_o the_o rock_n and_o be_v about_o 60_o foot_n high_a and_o be_v well_o provide_v with_o gun_n etc._n etc._n against_o any_o occasion_n it_o contain_v above_o 2000_o house_n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n uniform_a build_v of_o freestone_n they_o be_v common_o two_o story_n high_a flat_a at_o top_n and_o with_o terrace_n the_o market_n place_n be_v spacious_a from_o whence_o several_a fair_a street_n do_v take_v their_o rise_n to_o every_o house_n there_o be_v a_o cistern_n to_o preserve_v water_n for_o their_o occasion_n beside_o these_o house_n there_o be_v several_a stately_a structure_n as_o the_o great_a master_n palace_n which_o be_v a_o gallant_a edifice_n have_v a_o tower_n which_o overlook_v the_o whole_a island_n the_o hall_n or_o chamber_n of_o assembly_n where_o they_o 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figgs_n melon_n caper_n and_o excellent_a grape_n etc._n etc._n the_o manner_n habit_n and_o tongue_n of_o the_o islander_n retain_v much_o of_o the_o moor_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o catholic_n like_v to_o malta_n and_o under_o the_o viceroy_n of_o sicily_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o island_n and_o in_o a_o cave_n be_v a_o pitt_n which_o exhale_v continual_o a_o obscure_a vapour_n which_o spread_v itself_o on_o all_o side_n on_o the_o rock_n dissolve_v into_o water_n and_o distil_v with_o such_o abundance_n that_o it_o furnish_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v need_n of_o not_o only_o for_o their_o drink_n and_o other_o use_n but_o for_o their_o beast_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o other_o fresh_a water_n in_o the_o isle_n the_o land_n be_v dry_a red_a and_o so_o hot_a that_o a_o naked_a foot_n can_v scarce_o suffer_v it_o for_o the_o rest_n the_o knight_n of_o malta_n be_v always_o in_o arm_n against_o the_o moor_n mahometan_n and_o all_o the_o pirate_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n 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little_a monkey_n etc._n etc._n recompense_n the_o mischief_n which_o other_o beast_n may_v do_v and_o though_o there_o be_v as_o yet_o some_o people_n fierce_a and_o man-eater_n the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o other_o be_v very_o ingenious_a and_o tractable_a the_o egyptian_n have_v long_o since_o sufficient_o make_v know_v their_o cunning_n in_o science_n art_n and_o arm_n so_o have_v the_o carthaginian_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o ancient_n esteem_v the_o aethiopian_n the_o most_o innocent_a and_o just_a man_n in_o the_o world_n believe_v the_o god_n sometime_o banquet_v with_o they_o beside_o there_o be_v many_o particular_n worthy_a of_o observation_n in_o africa_n what_o city_n be_v ever_o fair_a or_o more_o magnificent_a than_o thebes_n in_o the_o high_a egypt_n than_o memphis_n in_o the_o middle_a or_o a_o lexandria_n in_o the_o low_a out_o of_o egypt_n what_o city_n be_v ever_o rich_a more_o powerful_a or_o more_o proud_a than_o carthage_n except_o rome_n and_o at_o present_a pez_n be_v so_o splendid_a that_o there_o be_v no_o city_n in_o europe_n to_o be_v compare_v with_o it_o though_o many_o believe_v it_o not_o to_o compare_v to_o cairo_n in_o egypt_n among_o the_o seven_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n some_o place_n three_o in_o egypt_n alone_o the_o statue_n of_o memnon_n at_o thebes_n the_o pyramid_n near_o memphis_n and_o the_o pharus_n of_o alexandria_n africa_n commodity_n of_o africa_n not_o only_o these_o beautiful_a work_n and_o fair_a city_n not_o only_o the_o infinite_a quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o other_o metal_n precious_a stone_n grain_n fruit_n spice_n drug_n wine_n oil_n sugar_n honey_n wax_n cordovant_n amber_n ambergris_n elephants-teeth_n estriches-feather_n saffron_n coral_n civet_n musk_n incense_n coffee_n caper_n olive_n ivory_n silk_n cotton_n flax_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o they_o make_v velvet_n silk_n damask_n etc._n etc._n a_o thousand_o several_a manufacture_n which_o be_v find_v there_o aught_o to_o make_v we_o account_v africa_n very_o considerable_a but_o its_o extent_n which_o be_v little_o less_o than_o asia_n twice_o as_o great_a as_o europe_n it_o be_v position_n be_v in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o our_o continent_n the_o south_n be_v esteem_v after_o the_o east_n before_o either_o north_n or_o west_n it_o be_v the_o portion_n of_o cham_n second_o son_n to_o noah_n which_o may_v make_v we_o judge_v it_o the_o second_o in_o greatness_n and_o goodness_n its_o first_o monarchy_n have_v be_v know_v before_o those_o of_o europe_n some_o will_v say_v before_o those_o of_o asia_n art_n science_n letter_n and_o law_n have_v be_v in_o great_a reputation_n here_o before_o they_o pass_v into_o greece_n or_o the_o rest_n of_o europe_n america_n as_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o septentrional_n which_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o canadiane_a where_n there_o shall_v be_v the_o arctic_a land_n as_o island_n bellested_n groenland_n beareford_n north_n wales_n sea_n hor_o cp_a inâ—_n south_n wales_n hudson_n bay_n canada_n or_o new_a france_n who_o chief_a part_n and_o people_n be_v those_o of_o estoriland_n hope_v advance_v saguanay_n quebec_n canada_n mont_n real_a acadie_n martengo_n new_a england_n boston_n marry_o land_n marys_n town_n virginia_n james_n town_n carolina_n charles_n town_n the_o huron_n st._n peter_n isle_n of_o bermuda_n southampton_n florida_n st._n helen_n mexicane_n with_o it_o audience_n province_n etc._n etc._n of_o mexico_n with_o its_o province_n and_o chief_a place_n of_o mexico_n mexico_n panuco_n panuco_fw-la mechoachan_n mechoacan_a thascala_n thascala_n guaxaca_n antequera_fw-la tabasco_n no._n â—en_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr victoria_fw-la jucatan_n merida_n guadalajara_n with_o its_o province_n of_o gudalajara_n guadalajara_n xalisco_n compostella_n chiâ—â—etlan_n st._n sebastian_n culiacan_a st._n michael_n cinaloa_o st._n john_n los_fw-la zacatecas_fw-la zacatecas_n new_a biscay_n st._n john_n quivira_n st._n fee_n anian_n anian_n cibola_n cibola_n california_n port_n de_fw-fr montere_fw-la guatemala_n with_o its_o province_n etc._n etc._n of_o guatemala_n st._n jago_n de_fw-mi guatemala_fw-mi vera_fw-la pax_fw-la vera_fw-la pax._fw-la soconusco_n gueyet_n lan_o chiapa_n cui_fw-la dad_n real_a honduras_n valladolid_n nicaragua_n leon._n costarica_n cartago_fw-la veragua_n la_o conception_n st._n domingo_n with_o its_o isle_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v cuba_n st._n jago_n jamaica_n sevilla_n hispaniola_n st._n domingo_n soana_n st._n german_n meridional_a which_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o peruviane_n where_o three_o shall_v be_v terra_fw-la firma_fw-la with_o its_o province_n etc._n etc._n of_o panama_n panama_n carthagena_n carthagena_n st._n martha_n st._n martha_n rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n rio_n de_fw-la la_fw-fr hacha_n venezula_n venezula_fw-la new_a andalousia_n comana_n paria_fw-la macureguaâ—a_o caribe_n taupuramuneâ—_n guiana_n macurewaray_n popayan_n st._n fee_fw-mi de_fw-fr antiochia_n granada_n st._n fee_fw-mi de_fw-fr bogata_fw-la peru_n with_o its_o audience_n of_o peru_n quito_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la quixos_n baesa_fw-la pasamore_n loyola_n lima_n lima._n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la chili_n copiopo_n magellanick_n land_n st._n philip_n braziliene_n where_o there_o shall_v be_v brazile_n with_o its_o captain_n or_o government_n of_o st._n vincent_n sanctos_fw-la rio_n janieto_fw-la schastian_n spiritu_fw-la sancto_fw-la spiritu_fw-la sancto_fw-la porto_n seguro_fw-la porto_n seguto_n los_fw-la isleos_n los_fw-la isleos_n baya_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la sanctos_fw-la st._n salvador_n seregippe_n seregippe_n deal_v rey._n fernambuco_n olinda_n tamaraca_n tamaraca_n parayba_n parayba_n rio_n granda_fw-mi de_n los_fw-la tres_fw-fr reys_n siara_n siara_n maranhan_n junipara_n para_n para._n paraguay_n or_o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la with_o its_o province_n etc._n etc._n of_o paraguay_n paraguay_n chaco_n chaco_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la aslumption_n tucoman_n st._n jago_n del_fw-it estera_fw-la urvaig_n la_o conception_n parana_n st._n ignatious_a guayr_a ouidad_fw-es real_a a_o new_a map_n of_o america_n septentrionale_n design_v by_o mounsieur_fw-fr sanson_n geographer_n to_o the_o french_a king_n and_o render_v into_o english_a and_o illustrate_v
of_o ship_n in_o like_a manner_n be_v they_o find_v in_o the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o st._n laurence_n beside_o the_o codfish_n here_o be_v other_o sort_n of_o fish_n in_o great_a plenty_n as_o thornback_n ling_n salmon_n oyster_n etc._n etc._n the_o great_a of_o these_o isle_n and_o which_o common_o take_v the_o name_n of_o newfoundland_n be_v 4_o or_o 5_o league_n circuit_n it_o be_v situate_a betwixt_o the_o degree_n of_o 46_o and_o 53_o of_o northern_a latitude_n and_o be_v sever_v from_o the_o continent_n of_o america_n by_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v distant_a from_o england_n about_o 600_o league_n a_o country_n ill-inhabited_a towards_o the_o east_n and_o south_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v retire_v far_o within_o land_n but_o the_o english_a have_v of_o late_o settle_v some_o colony_n to_o maintain_v their_o fishing-trade_n inhabitant_n its_o inhabitant_n the_o native_n be_v of_o a_o reasonable_a good_a stature_n and_o well_o proportion_v but_o full-eyed_a broad-faced_a beardless_a and_o of_o a_o ochre_n complexion_n not_o over_o ingenious_a their_o house_n be_v very_o mean_v and_o their_o apparel_n and_o furniture_n worse_o the_o country_n be_v for_o the_o generality_n repute_v fertile_a if_o well_o cultivate_v and_o will_v yield_v good_a grain_n be_v enrich_v by_o nature_n with_o plenty_n of_o fish_n fowl_n and_o wild_a beast_n and_o be_v blessed_v with_o a_o wholesome_a air_n though_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o winter_n season_n and_o the_o excess_n of_o heat_n in_o summer_n do_v something_o detract_v from_o it_o due_a praise_n east_n of_o newfoundland_n be_v a_o great_a bank_n a_o thing_n as_o remarkable_a as_o any_o in_o all_o canada_n this_o bank_n be_v much_o different_a from_o those_o which_o be_v cover_v with_o water_n when_o the_o sea_n be_v high_a uncover_v and_o dry_a on_o a_o ebb_n saylor_n must_v shun_v such_o bank_n like_o death_n this_o which_o we_o now_o speak_v of_o be_v like_o a_o country_n overflow_v always_o cover_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v at_o least_o 20_o 30_o or_o 40_o fathom_n water_n for_o the_o depth_n be_v unequal_a off_o from_o this_o bank_n on_o all_o side_n the_o sea_n be_v no_o less_o than_o 200_o fathom_n deep_a and_o yet_o this_o bank_n be_v 200_o league_n long_o 20_o 25_o and_o sometime_o 50_o broad_a it_o be_v on_o this_o bank_n that_o the_o new-found-landers_n that_o be_v those_o ship_n that_o go_v to_o fish_n for_o cod_n of_o newfoundland_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n stop_v and_o make_v their_o freight_n about_o this_o great_a bank_n and_o more_o towards_o the_o main_a land_n than_o the_o ocean_n there_o be_v some_o other_o much_o less_o but_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n it_o be_v almost_o incredible_a how_o many_o nation_n and_o of_o each_o how_o many_o sail_n of_o ship_n go_v yearly_a to_o fish_v for_o these_o cod_n with_o the_o prodigious_a quantity_n they_o take_v a_o man_n be_v able_a to_o take_v 100_o of_o they_o in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hour_n fish_v the_o manner_n of_o fish_v they_o fish_n with_o hook_n which_o be_v no_o soon_o throw_v into_o the_o sea_n but_o the_o greedy_a fish_n snap_v the_o bait_n be_v take_v by_o the_o hook_n and_o draw_v on_o shipboard_n they_o lie_v he_o present_o on_o a_o plank_n one_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n another_o gut_n it_o and_o take_v out_o its_o big_a bone_n another_o salt_n and_o barrel_n it_o etc._n etc._n which_o be_v thus_o order_v be_v hence_o transport_v by_o the_o english_a and_o other_o european_a nation_n into_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n as_o also_o into_o the_o other_o three_o part_n of_o the_o world_n they_o fish_v only_o in_o the_o day_n time_n the_o cod_n as_o they_o say_v not_o bite_v in_o the_o night_n nor_o do_v this_o fish_n last_o all_o season_n but_o begin_v a_o little_a before_o summer_n and_o end_n with_o september_n in_o winter_n the_o fish_n retire_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o deep_a sea_n where_o storm_n and_o tempest_n have_v no_o power_n fish_v another_o kind_n of_o fish_v near_o newfoundland_n there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o fish_v for_o the_o same_o fish_n which_o they_o call_v dry_v fish_n as_o the_o other_o green_a fish_n the_o ship_n retire_v into_o some_o port_n and_o every_o morning_n send_v forth_o their_o shallop_n one_o two_o or_o three_o league_n into_o the_o sea_n which_o fail_v not_o to_o have_v their_o load_n by_o noon_n or_o a_o little_a after_o they_o bring_v they_o to_o land_n lay_v they_o on_o table_n or_o plank_n and_o order_v it_o as_o the_o other_o but_o after_o the_o fish_n have_v be_v some_o day_n in_o salt_n they_o take_v it_o forth_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n and_o wind_n lay_v it_o again_o in_o heap_n and_o return_v it_o from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o the_o open_a air_n till_o it_o be_v dry_a that_o this_o fish_n may_v be_v good_a it_o must_v be_v dry_v in_o a_o good_a and_o temperate_a air_n mist_n moisten_v it_o and_o make_v it_o rot_v the_o sun_n harden_v it_o and_o make_v it_o yellow_a at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o fish_v for_o cod_n green_a or_o dry_a the_o fisher_n have_v the_o pleasure_n of_o take_v fowl_n without_o go_v forth_o of_o their_o vessel_n they_o take_v they_o with_o a_o line_n as_o they_o do_v fish_n bait_v the_o hook_n with_o the_o cod_n liver_n these_o fowl_n be_v so_o greedy_a that_o they_o come_v by_o flock_n and_o fight_v who_o shall_v get_v the_o bait_n first_o which_o soon_o prove_v its_o death_n and_o one_o take_v the_o hook_n be_v no_o soon_o throw_v out_o again_o but_o another_o be_v catch_v in_o the_o like_a nature_n but_o enough_o of_o these_o and_o of_o cod-fishing_a in_o the_o year_n 1623._o sir_n george_n calvert_n knight_n the_o principal_a secretary_n of_o state_n and_o afterward_o lord_n baltimore_n obtain_v a_o patent_n of_o part_n of_o newfoundland_n which_o be_v erect_v into_o the_o province_n of_o avalon_n where_o he_o settle_v a_o plantation_n and_o erect_v a_o stately_a house_n and_o fort_n at_o ferry-land_n where_o he_o dwell_v some_o time_n and_o after_o his_o death_n it_o fall_v to_o his_o son_n the_o right_a honourable_a caecilius_n late_a lord_n baltimore_n also_o proprietor_n of_o mary-land_n canada_n take_v particular_o be_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o towards_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o great_a river_n canada_n the_o river_n canada_n and_o its_o name_n be_v communicate_v both_o to_o the_o river_n and_o neighbour_a country_n this_o river_n be_v the_o large_a of_o america_n septentrionalis_n and_o one_o of_o the_o fair_a in_o the_o world_n it_o be_v about_o 200_o fathom_n deep_a and_o at_o its_o mouth_n 30_o league_n broad_a it_o be_v course_n according_a to_o the_o report_n of_o those_o of_o the_o country_n be_v already_o know_v for_o 4_o or_o 500_o league_n and_o there_o be_v some_o likelihood_n that_o we_o may_v in_o the_o end_n discover_v that_o the_o lake_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v its_o head-spring_n disburthen_n itself_o into_o the_o sea_n by_o two_o or_o three_o different_a course_n one_o towards_o we_o which_o be_v that_o of_o canada_n another_o towards_o the_o west_n and_o above_o california_n the_o three_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o into_o the_o christian_a sea_n and_o that_o the_o mouth_n of_o this_o may_v show_v we_o the_o way_n we_o have_v so_o long_o seek_v to_o go_v to_o the_o east-indies_n by_o the_o west_n colony_n people_n with_o who_o the_o french_a trade_n their_o colony_n the_o people_n with_o who_o the_o french_a trade_n here_o be_v the_o canadan_n the_o huron_n the_o algonquin_n the_o attiquameque_v nipisiriniens_fw-la montagnet_n those_o of_o saguenay_n acadia_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n they_o have_v divers_a colony_n on_o the_o great_a river_n at_o tadousac_n at_o quebeck_n at_o three-river_n at_o sillery_n at_o richelieu_n at_o montreal_n and_o without_o the_o bay_n of_o chaleur_n at_o miscou_n at_o port-royal_a etc._n etc._n this_o trade_n be_v only_o manage_v by_o exchange_n they_o give_v the_o skin_n of_o bever_n otter_n martle_v sea-wolfe_n etc._n etc._n for_o bread_n pease_n bean_n plumb_n kettle_n cauldron_n hatchet_n arrow-head_n pincher_n coverlid_n etc._n etc._n but_o to_o instruct_v they_o in_o christianity_n many_o ecclesiastic_n of_o religious_a order_n have_v have_v divers_a disbursement_n and_o residence_n likewise_o a_o hospital_n and_o seminary_n of_o vrsilines_n the_o jesuit_n have_v the_o chief_a care_n of_o these_o house_n north_n of_o canada_n be_v estottiland_n estottiland_n estottiland_n or_o terrade_n labrador_n near_o hudson_n straight_o it_o be_v call_v sometime_o the_o land_n of_o cortereal_n and_o sometime_o new_a britain_n however_o i_o esteem_v it_o a_o part_n of_o new_a france_n the_o country_n be_v mountainous_a woody_n full_a of_o wild_a beast_n well_o furnish_v with_o rivers_n rich_a in_o metal_n of_o a_o fertile_a soil_n in_o most_o place_n and_o will_v produce_v
ill_o people_v they_o fish_n for_o pearl_n in_o mer_n vermejo_n and_o on_o the_o east_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o california_n and_o likewise_o along_o and_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o new_a granada_n or_o new_a mexico_n place_n mark_v de_fw-fr niza_n a_o franciscan_a his_o relation_n of_o this_o place_n mark_v de_fw-fr niza_n a_o franciscan_a make_v a_o voyage_n into_o these_o part_n in_o 1529_o and_o at_o his_o return_n recount_v marvel_n of_o what_o he_o have_v see_v and_o understand_v of_o people_n that_o wear_v about_o their_o head_n piece_n of_o mother_n of_o pearl_n of_o divers_a province_n rich_a in_o gold_n of_o city_n and_o house_n well_o build_v who_o gate_n be_v adorn_v with_o turquoise_n and_o other_o stone_n that_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o cibola_n be_v great_a than_o mexico_n that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o marata_n acu_fw-la and_o tonteac_n be_v likewise_o very_o rich_a and_o powerful_a cornada_n also_o the_o description_n of_o these_o part_n by_o vasque_n de_fw-fr cornada_n the_o relation_n of_o this_o friar_n cause_v mendoza_n viceroy_n of_o mexico_n to_o send_v vasque_n de_fw-fr cornada_n governor_n of_o new_a gallicia_n to_o search_v out_o the_o truth_n who_o far_o from_o find_v the_o riches_n he_o hope_v for_o find_v only_a people_n naked_a very_o poor_a rude_a and_o barbarous_a some_o city_n he_o find_v indifferent_o well_o build_v but_o sad_o furnish_v assure_v we_o that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o which_o the_o friar_n have_v make_v so_o much_o account_n of_o be_v almost_o all_o imaginary_a tonteac_n be_v only_o a_o lake_n about_o which_o there_o be_v some_o few_o habitation_n marata_n a_o thing_n invisible_a and_o acu_fw-la a_o beggarly_a town_n in_o esteem_n among_o they_o only_o gather_v some_o cotton_n possible_o the_o friar_n say_v more_o than_o he_o have_v see_v that_o he_o may_v incite_v the_o spaniard_n to_o send_v some_o colony_n hither_o and_o have_v the_o mean_n to_o convert_v those_o people_n and_o cornada_n less_o because_o he_o find_v not_o that_o present_a profit_n which_o he_o do_v in_o his_o government_n however_o it_o be_v this_o contrariety_n with_o those_o we_o have_v observe_v touch_v the_o city_n of_o granada_n and_o the_o province_n of_o quivira_n and_o anian_n may_v make_v we_o see_v how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o trust_v those_o that_o come_v from_o part_n so_o remote_a and_o unknown_a whatever_o specious_a or_o fair_a habit_n they_o wear_v or_o whatever_o good_a tongue_n they_o have_v or_o whatever_o protestation_n they_o make_v of_o truth_n the_o audience_n of_o guatemala_n the_o audience_n of_o gvatemala_n be_v between_o the_o sea_n deal_v nort_n and_o shall_fw-mi and_o between_o divers_a isthmus_n and_o tongue_n of_o land_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o most_o southern_o part_v of_o america_n septentrionalis_n its_o province_n be_v guatemala_n province_n its_o province_n soconusco_n chiapa_n verapax_n honduras_n nicaragua_n costarica_n and_o veragua_n describe_v the_o province_n of_o guatemala_n with_o its_o city_n describe_v gvatemala_n and_o soconusco_n be_v on_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it shall_fw-mi chiapa_fw-la within_o land_n verapax_n and_o honduras_n on_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it nort_n castaria_n nicaragua_n and_o veragua_n on_o both_o sea_n guatemala_n have_v 150_o league_n along_o the_o coast_n and_o advance_v within_o land_n 30_o or_o 40_o league_n here_o be_v build_v the_o city_n of_o st._n jago_n of_o guatemala_n st._n salvador_n or_o curcatlan_n la_fw-fr trinidad_n or_o conzonate_a st._n michael_n and_o xeres_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr frontera_n or_o chuluteca_n they_o be_v all_o upon_o or_o little_a distant_a from_o the_o sea_n guatemala_n be_v more_o advance_v within_o land_n and_o yet_o the_o principal_a be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o court_n of_o audience_n in_o 1541_o this_o city_n be_v almost_o overwhelm_v by_o a_o deluge_n of_o boil_a water_n which_o descend_v from_o that_o vulcan_n which_o be_v above_o and_o near_o the_o city_n throw_v down_o and_o tumble_v over_o all_o that_o it_o meet_v with_o as_o stones_z tree_n and_o building_n where_o it_o stifle_v many_o people_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o widow_n of_o he_o who_o have_v conquer_v and_o so_o ill_o treat_v that_o province_n the_o city_n be_v rebuilt_a far_o to_o the_o east_n and_o may_v have_v near_o 100_o house_n about_o 1000_o inhabitant_n and_o its_o country_n about_o 25000_o indian_n tributary_n a_o certain_a private_a person_n have_v once_o a_o strange_a fancy_n come_v in_o his_o head_n thereof_o a_o strange_a fancy_n of_o a_o private_a person_n in_o these_o part_n and_o the_o event_n thereof_o that_o there_o be_v a_o very_a rich_a mine_n of_o gold_n in_o this_o vulcan_n of_o guatemala_n and_o that_o he_o need_v but_o to_o find_v some_o way_n to_o put_v down_o a_o cauldron_n and_o draw_v out_o what_o he_o can_v wish_v for_o as_o one_o do_v water_n out_o of_o a_o well_o he_o undertake_v the_o enterprise_n and_o cause_v to_o be_v make_v great_a chain_n of_o iron_n and_o a_o great_a cauldron_n so_o strong_a that_o he_o believe_v the_o fire_n can_v not_o damage_v it_o he_o cause_v a_o way_n to_o be_v make_v to_o carry_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n his_o chain_n caularon_n and_o machines_n which_o be_v to_o serve_v to_o let_v down_o and_o draw_v up_o his_o cauldron_n full_a of_o gold_n which_o he_o believe_v to_o coin_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o mountain_n but_o he_o find_v the_o fire_n so_o violent_a that_o in_o less_o than_o a_o moment_n of_o time_n he_o have_v neither_o chain_n nor_o cauldron_n which_o so_o perplex_v he_o with_o grief_n and_o shame_n to_o see_v his_o own_o folly_n have_v not_o only_o spend_v all_o his_o own_o estate_n but_o the_o best_a part_n of_o his_o friend_n so_o that_o he_o will_v have_v precipitate_v himself_o into_o the_o mountain_n have_v he_o not_o be_v hinder_v but_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o die_v for_o anger_n and_o grief_n trade_n the_o sertility_n of_o this_o province_n withit_v commodity_n and_o trade_n the_o country_n be_v cold_a than_o the_o situation_n may_v bear_v and_o subject_a to_o earthquake_n have_v excellent_a balm_n liquid_a amber_n bezoar_n salt_n grain_n be_v full_a of_o rich_a pasture_n which_o be_v well_o stook_v with_o cattle_n plenty_n of_o cotton_n wool_n excellent_a sulphur_n store_n of_o medicinal_a drug_n and_o abundance_n of_o fruit_n among_o other_o caâ—ao_n in_o such_o great_a plenty_n that_o it_o yearly_o lade_v many_o vessel_n which_o be_v transport_v to_o other_o place_n the_o country_n be_v more_o incline_v to_o mountain_n than_o plain_n but_o well_o water_v with_o rivers_n the_o people_n be_v pusillanimous_a and_o fearful_a inhabitant_n its_o inhabitant_n the_o man_n be_v expert_a at_o the_o bow_n and_o the_o woman_n at_o the_o distaff_n they_o be_v more_o civil_a and_o embrace_v christianity_n more_o than_o their_o neighbour_a country_n do_v and_o be_v willing_a to_o receive_v advice_n from_o the_o spaniard_n who_o be_v their_o master_n describe_v the_o province_n of_o soconusco_n describe_v soconusco_n have_v only_o the_o little_a city_n of_o guevetlan_n on_o the_o coast_n and_o nothing_o of_o particular_a or_o worthy_a to_o be_v note_v in_o it_o only_o it_o have_v some_o grain_n feed_v some_o cattle_n its_o river_n have_v fish_n and_o its_o people_n more_o barbarous_a and_o rude_a describe_v the_o province_n of_o chiapa_n describe_v chiapa_n be_v not_o over_o fertile_a in_o grain_n nor_o fruit_n but_o the_o country_n well_o clothe_v with_o lofty_a tree_n and_o some_o of_o which_o yield_v rozin_n other_o precious_a gum_n and_o other_o bear_v leave_n that_o when_o they_o be_v dry_v into_o powder_n make_v a_o sovereign_a plaster_n for_o sore_n the_o country_n be_v full_a of_o snake_n and_o other_o venomous_a creature_n place_n of_o most_o note_n in_o this_o province_n be_v 1._o crudad-real_a build_v by_o the_o spaniard_n situate_a in_o a_o round_a plain_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o hill_n place_n it_o be_v chief_a place_n and_o begird_v with_o mountain_n resemble_v a_o amphitheatre_n now_o the_o residence_n of_o a_o bishop_n and_o govern_v by_o city-magistrate_n by_o they_o call_v alcaid_n 2._o chiapa_n seat_v in_o the_o fruitfull_a valley_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n 3._o st._n bartholomew_n remarkable_a for_o have_v near_o it_o a_o great_a pit_n or_o open_v of_o the_o earth_n into_o which_o if_o any_o one_o cast_v a_o stone_n though_o never_o so_o small_a it_o make_v a_o noise_n so_o great_a and_o terrible_a as_o a_o clap_n of_o thunder_n 4._o casapualca_n a_o small_a town_n but_o famous_a also_o for_o a_o well_o it_o have_v who_o water_n be_v observe_v to_o rise_v and_o fall_v according_a to_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o sea_n among_o the_o bishop_n of_o chiapa_n one_o be_v bartholomew_n de_fw-it las_fw-fr casas_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n dominique_n chiapa_n some_o memorable_a action_n of_o bartholomew_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr casas_n bishop_n
port_n royal_a it_o contain_v about_o twenty_o house_n only_o serve_v for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o passage_n from_o port_n royal_a to_o st._n jago_n it_o be_v other_o place_n be_v port_n morant_n in_o the_o eastern_a point_n morant_n port_n morant_n a_o very_a capacious_a and_o secure_a harbour_n and_o hereabout_o be_v a_o potent_a colony_n of_o the_o english_a seat_v old_a harbour_n a_o good_a bay_n for_o ship_n to_o ride_v in_o negril_n old_a harbour_n port_n negril_n port_n negril_n in_o the_o extreme_a western_a point_n very_o commodious_a and_o secure_a to_o windward_n in_o which_o man_n of_o war_n do_v often_o ply_v when_o they_o look_v for_o the_o spanish_a ship_n not_o far_o from_o which_o place_n be_v seat_v the_o old_a town_n of_o melilla_n found_v by_o columbus_n port_n antonio_n seat_v on_o the_o north_n antonio_n port_n antonio_n a_o very_a safe_a land_n lock_v harbour_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o which_o lie_v a_o small_a isle_n whole_o take_v up_o by_o the_o say_a earl_n of_o carlisle_n with_o divers_a other_o good_a bay_n and_o harbour_n along_o the_o coast_n it_o be_v other_o chief_a place_n be_v sevilla_n seat_v in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o isle_n sevilla_n sevilla_n once_o beautify_v with_o a_o collegiate_n church_n who_o chief_a bear_v the_o title_n of_o abbot_n among_o who_o be_v peter_n martyr_n who_o describe_v the_o history_n of_o the_o west_n indies_n by_o decade_n mellilla_n mellilla_n and_o mellilla_n seat_v on_o the_o north_n east_n where_o columbus_n mend_v his_o ship_n at_o his_o return_n from_o veragua_n this_o island_n be_v of_o considerable_a importance_n to_o the_o spaniard_n by_o reason_n that_o all_o his_o plate-fleet_n which_o come_v from_o carthagina_fw-la steer_v direct_o for_o st._n domingo_n in_o hispaniola_n and_o from_o thence_o must_v pass_v by_o one_o of_o the_o end_n of_o this_o isle_n to_o recover_v havana_n which_o be_v the_o common_a rendezvous_n of_o this_o whole_a armado_n before_o it_o return_v home_o through_o the_o gulf_n of_o florida_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o other_o way_n whereby_o to_o miss_v this_o island_n because_o he_o can_v in_o any_o reasonable_a time_n turn_v it_o up_o to_o the_o windward_n of_o hispaniola_n which_o though_o with_o great_a difficulty_n it_o may_v be_v perform_v yet_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o will_v lose_v the_o security_n of_o his_o say_v unite_a fleet_n which_o meet_v at_o havana_n from_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n nombre_n de_fw-fr dios_fw-es and_o elsewhere_o accompany_v each_o other_o home_n describe_v the_o isle_n boriquem_n with_o its_o chief_a place_n describe_v boriqvem_n be_v little_o less_o either_o in_o circuit_n or_o fruitfulness_n than_o jamaica_n st._n juan_n del_fw-it puerto_n rico_n be_v the_o residence_n of_o a_o bishop_n and_o a_o governor_n it_o have_v a_o excellent_a port_n which_o sometime_o communicate_v its_o name_n to_o the_o island_n el_n arricibo_n and_o guadianilla_n or_o st._n german_a be_v the_o other_o city_n all_o the_o isle_n have_v few_o port_n it_o be_v traverse_v by_o a_o chain_n of_o mountain_n which_o cut_v it_o from_o west_n to_o east_n here_o be_v sound_v a_o white_a gum_n which_o they_o use_v instead_o of_o pitch_n to_o caulk_v their_o ship_n and_o instead_o of_o tallow_n to_o make_v candle_n and_o for_o want_v of_o other_o medicament_n for_o wound_n and_o sore_n beside_o its_o gold_n sugar_n and_o gayac_n it_o have_v many_o saltmarche_n these_o four_o isle_n be_v the_o great_a and_o chief_a of_o the_o antilles_n the_o rest_n be_v numerous_a and_o aught_o to_o be_v consider_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lucay_n and_o caribe_n the_o lucay_n be_v north_n of_o cuba_n and_o hispaniola_n of_o which_o lucayon_fw-mi be_v the_o chief_a the_o great_a and_o the_o most_o northern_o of_o all_o bahama_n give_v its_o name_n to_o the_o channel_n which_o be_v between_o the_o isle_n and_o florida_n a_o channel_n so_o rapid_a that_o in_o despite_n of_o the_o wind_n it_o carry_v ship_n from_o south_n to_o north_n or_o rather_o from_o south-west_n to_o north-east_n guanahani_n be_v the_o first_o land_n which_o columbus_n discover_v near_o america_n and_o name_v in_o st._n salvador_n because_o he_o have_v be_v in_o danger_n to_o have_v be_v cast_v into_o the_o sea_n by_o his_o own_o man_n in_o the_o fear_n they_o have_v that_o they_o shall_v find_v no_o land_n the_o caribe_n isle_n the_o caribe_n or_o cannibal_n island_n be_v so_o call_v from_o its_o native_a inhabitant_n who_o be_v cannibal_n or_o man_n eater_n and_o these_o be_v a_o great_a body_n of_o isle_n form_v a_o demy-circle_n towards_o america_n meridionalis_fw-la the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o geographical_a table_n and_o which_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o and_o first_o with_o barbados_n barbados_n the_o most_o considerable_a colony_n the_o english_a be_v master_n of_o among_o all_o the_o caribe_v isle_n barbados_n barbados_n it_o be_v situation_n be_v in_o the_o north_n latitude_n of_o 13_o degree_n 20_o minute_n and_o although_o but_o of_o a_o small_a circuit_n not_o exceed_v eight_o league_n in_o length_n and_o 5_o in_o breadth_n where_o broad_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o potent_a colony_n and_o able_a on_o occasion_n to_o arm_n about_o 10000_o fight_a man_n strength_n it_o be_v strength_n which_o with_o the_o natural_a strength_n of_o the_o isle_n be_v able_a to_o give_v resistance_n to_o the_o powerful_a foe_n it_o be_v exceed_o fertile_a bear_v crop_n all_o the_o year_n long_o fertility_n fertility_n and_o the_o tree_n always_o clothe_v in_o their_o summer_n livery_n but_o the_o two_o season_n for_o plant_v be_v in_o may_n and_o november_n but_o the_o sugar_n cane_n be_v plant_v all_o the_o year_n round_o and_o here_o be_v find_v to_o grow_v in_o great_a plenty_n excellent_a fruit_n as_o orange_n both_o sweet_a and_o sour_a fruit_n fruit_n pomegranate_n citron_n lemon_n limb_n macow_n grape_n juniper_n apple_n momins_n acosous_n papayer_n monbain_n icaco_n raisin_n cherry_n cocos_fw-la indian_n figgs_n plantin_n bonauves_n guaver_n castard_a apple_n prickle_n pear_n and_o apple_n million_o both_o land_n and_o water_n and_o pine_v apple_n the_o rare_a fruit_n in_o the_o indies_n they_o have_v great_a plenty_n of_o fish_n and_o fowl_n cattle_n fish_n and_o cattle_n common_a with_o jamaica_n and_o other_o place_n in_o the_o indies_n and_o have_v also_o a_o competent_a stock_n of_o english_a cattle_n and_o horse_n but_o something_o dear_a by_o reason_n they_o employ_v their_o ground_n better_a than_o to_o breed_v upon_o and_o most_o root_n herb_n and_o seed_n and_o flower_n common_a with_o we_o in_o england_n be_v find_v to_o thrive_v and_o grow_v very_o well_o the_o commodity_n that_o this_o isle_n produce_v be_v sugar_n indigo_n cotton_n wool_n commodity_n commodity_n ginger_n fustick_a and_o logwood_n but_o especial_o sugar_n indigo_n cotton_n and_o ginger_n lade_v yearly_o therewith_o 200_o sail_n of_o ship_n both_o great_a and_o small_a to_o the_o great_a enrichment_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o profit_n of_o england_n this_o isle_n lie_v so_o near_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n can_v but_o be_v hot_a yet_o not_o so_o but_o that_o travel_n and_o labour_n be_v sufferable_a and_o that_o occasion_v by_o the_o cool_a breeze_n of_o wind_n which_o rise_v with_o the_o sun_n and_o blow_v fresh_a as_o the_o sun_n mount_v up_o and_o the_o air_n be_v find_v very_o moist_a so_o that_o all_o iron-tool_n be_v much_o subject_n to_o rust_v this_o isle_n be_v not_o over_o plentiful_o water_v with_o rivers_n or_o fresh_a spring_n there_o be_v but_o one_o that_o may_v appropriate_v that_o name_n or_o rather_o a_o lake_n which_o run_v not_o far_o into_o the_o land_n notwithstanding_o which_o defect_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v no_o want_n of_o water_n for_o the_o land_n lie_v low_a and_o even_o there_o be_v several_a pond_n and_o most_o house_n have_v wells_n or_o cistern_n which_o hold_v the_o rain_n water_n and_o here_o be_v a_o river_n call_v tuigh-river_n remarkable_a for_o that_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n be_v gather_v a_o oil_n which_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o burn_v in_o lamp_n tree_n its_o tree_n among_o the_o tree_n here_o grow_v which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v appropriate_a to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o caribe_n isle_n those_o of_o most_o note_n be_v the_o cedar_n redwood_n mastic_n locust_n the_o iron_n will_v tree_n also_o the_o cassia_n fistula_n coloquintida_n tamarind_n cassavie_n of_o which_o be_v make_v their_o bread_n the_o poison_n tree_n and_o the_o physic_n nut_n also_o the_o calibash_n the_o shell_n of_o who_o fruit_n serve_v like_o goard_n to_o carry_v liquid_a thing_n in_o the_o mangrass_n tree_n the_o roucou_n of_o who_o bark_n be_v make_v rope_n as_o also_o flax_n which_o be_v spin_v be_v employ_v to_o several_a use_n the_o lignum_fw-la vitæ_fw-la and_o the_o palmeto_o here_o be_v several_a
produce_v the_o same_o commodity_n as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o caribe_n isles_n it_o be_v a_o well_o govern_v colony_n of_o the_o english_a and_o its_o inhabitant_n which_o be_v esteem_v about_o 3_o or_o 4000_o live_v a_o good_a quiet_a and_o content_a life_n and_o free_a from_o want_n of_o food_n or_o raiment_n for_o divine_a worship_n here_o be_v three_o church_n and_o for_o its_o security_n have_v a_o fort_n and_o a_o public_a storehouse_n this_o isle_n as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o caribe_n be_v trouble_v with_o muscheto_n chigos_n murigoins_n and_o other_o sting_a fly_n which_o be_v find_v troublesome_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n antego_n a_o isle_n about_o 6_o or_o 7_o league_n in_o length_n antego_n antego_n and_o as_o much_o in_o breadth_n in_o many_o place_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 16_o deg_fw-la 11_o minute_n it_o have_v some_o few_o spring_n of_o fresh_a water_n but_o have_v many_o cistern_n and_o pond_n for_o the_o preserve_n of_o rain_n water_n it_o be_v encompass_v with_o rock_n which_o make_v its_o access_n difficult_a and_o dangerous_a here_o be_v plenty_n of_o wild_a fowl_n and_o fish_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o want_n of_o tame_a cattle_n it_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o english_a but_o thin_o inhabit_a not_o exceed_v 8_o or_o 900._o st._n vincent_n seat_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 16_o deg_fw-la about_o 20_o mile_n in_o length_n vincent_n st._n vincent_n and_o 15_o in_o breadth_n of_o a_o fertile_a soil_n yield_v abundance_n of_o sugar_n cane_n which_o grow_v natural_o without_o plant_v it_o afford_v many_o safe_a road_n and_o convenient_a bay_n for_o ship_n be_v well_o water_v but_o the_o english_a who_o be_v master_n of_o it_o have_v make_v as_o yet_o no_o great_a settlement_n dominica_n dominica_n dominica_n seat_v in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 15_o â—1_n deg_fw-la about_o 12_o league_n in_o length_n and_o 8_o in_o breadth_n it_o be_v very_o mountainous_a but_o have_v fertile_a valley_n afford_v good_a tobacco_n 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of_o the_o ancient_n all_o agree_v that_o the_o hesperides_n be_v 40_o day_n sail_n from_o the_o gorgade_n and_o the_o gorgade_n only_o two_o from_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n the_o isle_n of_o cape_n verde_n answer_n to_o the_o gorgade_n as_o we_o have_v make_v appear_v in_o africa_n from_o these_o isle_n to_o those_o of_o hispaniola_n and_o cuba_n be_v at_o present_a 25_o or_o 30_o day_n sail_n which_o may_v well_o be_v 40_o of_o the_o ancient_n and_o moreover_o there_o be_v no_o isle_n in_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n beyond_o these_o and_o when_o the_o ancient_n place_v these_o hesperide_n in_o one_o gulf_n alone_o as_o capella_n do_v or_o in_o more_o as_o solinus_z do_v they_o seem_v to_o mean_v the_o gulf_n of_o mexico_n which_o contain_v many_o other_o lesser_a and_o if_o pliny_n seem_v to_o make_v account_n but_o of_o two_o hesperide_n and_o other_o of_o many_o more_o pliny_n understand_v hispaniola_n and_o cuba_n alone_o in_o regard_n of_o which_o the_o rest_n be_v little_a considerable_a solinus_n and_o capella_n intend_v in_o general_a the_o body_n of_o these_o island_n but_o let_v we_o proceed_v to_o america_n meridionalis_fw-la america_n meridionalis_fw-la merionalis_n the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n of_o america_n merionalis_n america_n meridionalis_fw-la be_v the_o most_o southern_a part_n or_o peninsula_n of_o america_n which_o extend_v itself_o from_o about_o the_o 12_o degree_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la unto_o the_o 54_o beyond_o it_o which_o be_v 66_o degree_n of_o latitude_n and_o from_o the_o 291_o or_o 92_o where_o be_v porto_n viejo_n unto_o about_o the_o 350_o where_o there_o be_v cape_n st._n augustin_n which_o be_v 57_o or_o 58_o degree_n of_o longitude_n it_o reach_v then_o from_o south_n to_o north_n 1650_o league_n from_o west_n to_o east_n little_o less_o than_o 400._o its_o bound_n on_o the_o north_n and_o east_n be_v the_o mere_n del_fw-it nort_n towards_o the_o south_n the_o magellanick_n sea_n bound_n its_o bound_n and_o on_o the_o west_n the_o mere_n del_fw-it shall_fw-mi or_o pacifick_n sea_n it_o be_v form_n approach_v near_o a_o triangle_n who_o side_n be_v almost_o equal_a from_o porto_n viejo_n to_o cape_n st._n augustin_n be_v 1400_o league_n from_o cape_n st._n augustin_n to_o cape_n freeward_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o straight_a of_o magellan_n be_v 1500_o league_n and_o from_o that_o cape_n to_o porto_n belo_n 1600._o it_o be_v situation_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n part_n under_o the_o antarctic_a temperate_a zone_n of_o that_o which_o be_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o great_a part_n be_v beyond_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o less_o on_o this_o side_n so_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o people_n have_v their_o season_n contrary_a to_o we_o the_o coast_n of_o this_o country_n be_v all_o know_v more_o or_o less_o the_o inland_n very_o little_a part_n america_n meridionalis_fw-la divide_v into_o part_n america_n meridionalis_fw-la may_v be_v divide_v into_o peruviana_n and_o brasiliana_n subdivide_v peruviana_n into_o terra_n firma_n and_o peru_n and_o brasiliana_n into_o brasile_n and_o paraguay_n the_o first_o division_n be_v take_v by_o a_o line_n which_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o amazona_n go_v to_o seek_v the_o utmost_a part_n of_o chili_n towards_o the_o south_n and_o this_o line_n divide_v america_n meridionalis_fw-la into_o two_o equal_a part_n the_o one_o belong_v almost_o whole_o to_o the_o castilian_n alone_o and_o the_o other_o for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o the_o portugal_n these_o have_v their_o viceroy_n in_o st._n salvador_n a_o capital_a city_n in_o the_o bay_n of_o all-saint_n and_o almost_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o brazile_n the_o other_o in_o lima_n or_o los_fw-la reyes_n that_o be_v the_o king_n at_o present_a a_o capital_a city_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o peru._n a_o new_a map_n of_o america_n meridionale_n design_v by_o 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great_a demi-circle_n have_v no_o less_o than_o 1200_o league_n the_o mere_n del_o nor_o wash_v it_o on_o the_o north_n southeast_n and_o east_n paraguay_n and_o peru_n bound_v the_o rest_n towards_o the_o south_n and_o west_n unknown_a great_a part_n of_o brazile_n unknown_a the_o high_a country_n be_v whole_o unknown_a and_o likewise_o part_v of_o the_o coast_n it_o have_v every_o where_o abundance_n of_o barbarous_a people_n who_o make_v war_n with_o and_o eat_v one_o another_o the_o divers_a relation_n hitherto_o give_v we_o make_v mention_n of_o more_o than_o 100_o of_o these_o people_n know_v the_o part_n best_o know_v yet_o these_o be_v few_o in_o regard_n of_o those_o yet_o unknown_a the_o most_o famous_a and_o best_a know_v be_v the_o margaja_v topinambous_a ovetacas_n paraibas_fw-la petiguares_n tapovye_n carige_n morpion_n tobajare_n etc._n etc._n the_o portugal_n have_v only_o seize_v on_o what_o they_o find_v most_o commodious_a on_o the_o coast_n and_o have_v from_o 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distant_a from_o the_o main_n about_o three_o league_n accommodate_v with_o a_o very_a good_a port_n capable_a to_o receive_v vessel_n of_o 400_o tun_n this_o town_n be_v inhabit_a with_o about_o two_o hundred_o family_n of_o portugal_n who_o have_v beautify_v it_o with_o a_o fair_a church_n and_o two_o convent_v of_o friar_n and_o since_o the_o assault_n that_o sir_n thomas_n cavendish_n make_v upon_o it_o in_o 1591._o they_o have_v environ_v it_o with_o a_o wall_n and_o well_o fortify_v it_o with_o strong_a bastion_n the_o next_o be_v saint_n vincent_n which_o have_v not_o above_o one_o hundred_o house_n of_o portugal_n but_o its_o port_n little_a commodious_a the_o three_o and_o four_o city_n be_v itanchin_n and_o saint_n paul_n beyond_o the_o mountain_n and_o forest_n pernabiacaba_n which_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o cross_v the_o way_n be_v cut_v through_o the_o tree_n the_o city_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o little_a hill_n and_o neighbour_v by_o some_o mine_n of_o 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this_o capitany_n have_v much_o brazile-wood_n cotton_n and_o all_o provision_n but_o no_o sugar_n these_o two_o capitany_n rio_n janiero_n and_o st._n vincent_n be_v on_o this_o side_n and_o beyond_a or_o rather_o under_o the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n city_n the_o capitany_n del_fw-it spiritu_fw-la sancto_fw-it with_o its_o city_n the_o capitany_n del_n spiritv_n sancto_fw-la have_v one_o of_o the_o best_a soil_n of_o all_o brazile_n well_o store_v with_o cotton-wool_n but_o deficient_a in_o sugar_n it_o be_v river_n be_v call_v parayba_n from_o a_o name_n common_a to_o three_o river_n in_o brazile_n one_o be_v beyond_o st._n vincent_n the_o second_o this_o and_o the_o last_o water_n the_o capitany_n of_o parayba_n that_o which_o water_v spiritu_fw-la santo_n be_v pleasant_a but_o rapid_a the_o city_n have_v but_o two_o hundred_o and_o odd_a family_n of_o portugal_n it_o be_v principal_a building_n be_v a_o church_n dedicate_v to_o st._n francis_n a_o college_n of_o jesuit_n and_o a_o monastery_n of_o benedictines_n city_n porto_n seguro_fw-la and_o its_o city_n porto_n seguro_n belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o aveiro_n and_o have_v three_o colony_n viz._n 1._o st._n amaro_n or_o st._n omers_n once_o of_o great_a account_n for_o make_v sugar_n where_o they_o have_v five_o sugar_n engine_n for_o the_o order_n and_o make_v it_o but_o desert_v by_o the_o portugal_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o savage_n 2._o sancta_fw-la cruz_n a_o town_n not_o very_o large_a neither_o with_o a_o commodious_a harbour_n 3._o porto_n seguro_fw-la contain_v not_o above_o two_o hundred_o house_n but_o hold_v of_o some_o antiquity_n it_o be_v build_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o white_a cliff_n which_o command_v the_o haven_n the_o soil_n of_o this_o capitany_n be_v so_o fertile_a in_o grain_n and_o fruit_n fertility_n it_o be_v fertility_n that_o it_o furnish_v its_o neighbour_n it_o have_v likewise_o sugar_n place_n los_fw-la isleos_n with_o its_o chief_a place_n los_fw-la isleos_n belong_v to_o don_n luco_n giraldo_n a_o portugal_n it_o be_v chief_a town_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o small_a river_n but_o neighbour_v by_o a_o great_a lake_n of_o twelve_o league_n circuit_n from_o which_o this_o river_n take_v its_o rise_n and_o contain_v not_o above_o 150_o or_o 200_o family_n of_o portugal_n it_o have_v a_o long_a time_n suffer_v persecution_n and_o the_o colony_n almost_o lose_v by_o the_o guaymure_n a_o race_n of_o the_o most_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a people_n of_o brazile_n which_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o own_o country_n fall_v into_o this_o praefecture_n which_o they_o have_v utter_o ruinate_v have_v not_o as_o a_o jesuit_n tell_v we_o some_o of_o the_o relic_n of_o st._n george_n be_v bring_v hither_o which_o see_v the_o planter_n retook_a courage_n and_o brave_o repulse_v these_o barbarian_n the_o river_n which_o water_v this_o city_n turn_v eight_o or_o ten_o mill_n or_o sugar-engine_n describe_v baya_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la santos_n describe_v the_o capitany_n del_fw-it baya_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la santos_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o bay_n or_o gulf_n wherein_o be_v seat_v st._n salvador_n its_o principal_a city_n this_o bay_n have_v its_o mouth_n to_o the_o sea_n eight_o or_o ten_o league_n wide_a and_o its_o depth_n twelve_o fifteen_o or_o twenty_o fathom_n every_o where_o enclose_v many_o isle_n of_o which_o the_o most_o outward_a to_o the_o sea_n be_v taperico_n this_o bay_n make_v likewise_o divers_a open_n fifteen_o or_o twenty_o league_n within_o land_n from_o whence_o it_o receive_v the_o river_n of_o pitange_n ceresippe_n cachera_n and_o other_o each_o with_o their_o little_a gulf_n this_o bay_n be_v memorable_a for_o the_o rash_a attempt_n of_o peter_n heyns_n a_o dutchman_n dutchman_n a_o memorable_a exploit_n of_o peter_n heyns_n a_o dutchman_n admiral_n of_o a_o fleet_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n for_o the_o west_n india-company_n who_o in_o 1627._o enter_v this_o bay_n where_o there_o be_v 26_o sail_n of_o spanish_a ship_n four_o of_o which_o be_v man_n of_o war_n all_o lie_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o fort_n who_o notwithstanding_o the_o shot_n that_o he_o receive_v from_o the_o fort_n castle_n and_o ship_n fall_v among_o they_o with_o such_o boldness_n that_o he_o sink_v their_o vice-admiral_n and_o take_v all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o rest_n with_o a_o condition_n only_o of_o their_o life_n the_o city_n of_o st._n salvador_n edifice_n the_o city_n of_o st._n salvador_n be_v fair_a and_o beautify_v with_o many_o stately_a edifice_n be_v in_o the_o most_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o gulf_n seat_v on_o a_o little_a hill_n and_o towards_o the_o sea_n it_o regard_v its_o port_n make_v in_o a_o demi-circle_n who_o two_o point_n or_o extremity_n have_v each_o their_o castle_n st._n antonio_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o tapesipe_n towards_o the_o bay_n this_o city_n all_o environ_v with_o a_o wall_n be_v great_a and_o populous_a and_o dignify_v with_o
salt-pit_n near_o the_o point_n de_fw-fr salinas_n the_o principal_a fortress_n that_o the_o portugal_n hold_v here_o be_v de_fw-fr los_fw-la tres_fw-fr reyes_n or_o the_o three_o king_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o river_n the_o coast_n of_o brazile_n from_o cape_n de_fw-fr frio_n until_o on_o this_o side_n of_o that_o of_o st._n augustine_n and_o so_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o head_n of_o potengi_n stretch_v from_o south_n to_o north_n and_o continual_o regard_v the_o east_n the_o rest_n of_o this_o capitany_n and_o that_o of_o siara_n maranhan_n and_o para_n extend_v from_o east_n to_o west_n regard_v the_o north_n and_o be_v the_o near_a to_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n the_o coast_n of_o these_o four_o last_o capitany_n have_v no_o less_o extent_n on_o the_o sea_n than_o that_o of_o all_o the_o other_o together_o but_o be_v worth_a much_o less_o commodity_n the_o capitany_n of_o siara_n with_o its_o commodity_n the_o capitany_n of_o siara_n be_v among_o many_o barbarous_a people_n and_o therefore_o not_o much_o frequent_v yet_o be_v of_o some_o trade_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o cotton_n crystal_n precious_a stone_n and_o many_o sort_n of_o wood_n which_o be_v here_o find_v they_o have_v likewise_o many_o cane_n of_o sugar_n which_o be_v of_o no_o use_n there_o be_v no_o sugar_n engine_n in_o the_o country_n place_n the_o capitany_n of_o maranhan_n with_o its_o chief_a place_n the_o capitany_n of_o maranhan_n be_v a_o isle_n which_o with_o some_o other_o be_v find_v in_o a_o gulf_n about_o twenty_o five_o league_n long_o and_o broad_a this_o isle_n have_v forty_o five_o league_n circuit_n have_v twenty_o seven_o village_n of_o which_o junaparan_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o in_o each_o village_n four_o five_o or_o 600_o man_n so_o that_o the_o french_a make_v account_v of_o 10000_o man_n in_o this_o island_n commodity_n the_o fertility_n of_o the_o country_n with_o its_o commodity_n the_o air_n serene_a temperate_a and_o healthful_a the_o water_n excellent_a and_o which_o scarce_o ever_o corrupt_a on_o the_o sea_n the_o land_n as_o fruitful_a as_o any_o in_o america_n yield_v brazile-wood_n saffron_n cotton_n red-dye_a lake_n or_o rose_n colour_n balm_n tobacco_n pepper_n and_o sometime_o ambergrease_n be_v gather_v on_o its_o coast_n the_o land_n be_v find_v proper_a for_o sugar_n and_o if_o it_o be_v till_v will_v produce_v grain_n some_o say_v it_o have_v mine_n of_o jasper_n and_o white_a and_o red_a crystal_n which_o for_o hardness_n surpass_v the_o diamond_n of_o alenzon_n it_o be_v well_o water_v with_o fresh_a river_n and_o pleasant_a stream_n well_o clothe_v with_o wood_n in_o which_o be_v store_n of_o fowl_n the_o people_n be_v strong_a of_o body_n apparel_n its_o inhabitant_n and_o apparel_n live_v in_o good_a health_n common_o die_v with_o age_n the_o woman_n be_v fruitful_a till_o eighty_o year_n of_o age_n both_o sex_n go_v naked_a until_o they_o be_v marry_v and_o then_o their_o apparel_n be_v only_o from_o the_o be_v to_o the_o knee_n which_o be_v manufacture_n of_o cotton_n or_o feather-work_n in_o which_o they_o be_v very_o ingenious_a tapovy_n the_o country_n or_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o tapovy_n the_o tapovy_n tapere_n that_o be_v the_o country_n of_o the_o tapovy_n be_v another_o isle_n east_n of_o maraguon_n at_o full-sea_n it_o be_v a_o isle_n on_o the_o ebb_n only_o sand_n separate_v it_o from_o the_o continent_n the_o soll_n be_v yet_o better_a than_o that_o of_o maranhan_n it_o have_v but_o fifteen_o village_n the_o chief_a bear_v the_o name_n of_o the_o country_n they_o be_v great_a and_o better_o people_v than_o those_o of_o maranhan_n comma_n the_o country_n and_o city_n of_o comma_n west_n of_o tapovy_n tapere_n and_o on_o the_o firm_a land_n comma_n a_o city_n river_n and_o country_n of_o the_o same_o name_n be_v of_o no_o small_a value_n it_o be_v fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o village_n be_v as_o well_o people_v as_o those_o of_o tapovy_n tapere_n between_o comma_n and_o cayetta_n which_o approach_v para_n be_v divers_a people_n descend_v from_o the_o toupinambous_a as_o those_o of_o maranhan_n and_o comma_n descend_v from_o the_o tapovye_v the_o french_a be_v likewise_o divers_a time_n possess_v of_o the_o isle_n of_o maranhan_n ribaut_n be_v here_o in_o 1594._o ravardiere_n in_o 1612._o this_o last_o choose_v a_o most_o commodious_a place_n in_o the_o island_n and_o build_v the_o fort_n of_o st._n lewis_n the_o portugal_n drive_v they_o out_o in_o 1614_o and_o build_v new_a fort_n st._n jago_n and_o neustra_fw-la sennora_fw-es among_o the_o river_n that_o full_a into_o the_o gulf_n of_o maranhan_n miari_n be_v the_o great_a then_o taboucourou_n commodity_n the_o capitany_n of_o para_n with_o its_o commodity_n the_o capitany_n of_o para_n have_v a_o square_a fort_n seat_v on_o a_o rock_n raise_v four_o or_o five_o fathom_n from_o the_o neighbour_a ground_n and_o well_o wall_v except_o towards_o the_o river_n it_o have_v four_o or_o five_o hundred_o portugal_n who_o gather_v in_o the_o country_n tobacco_n cotton_n and_o sugar_n this_o capitany_n hold_v beyond_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o amazon_n corrupa_n and_o estiero_n and_o among_o the_o mouth_n of_o that_o river_n cogemine_n air._n of_o a_o temperate_a air._n brazile_n have_v a_o air_n sweet_a and_o temperate_a though_o under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v almost_o equal_a the_o freshness_n of_o the_o sea_n rivers_n and_o ordinary_a dew_n contribute_v much_o to_o its_o wholsomness_n they_o lie_v very_o subject_a to_o storm_n and_o thunder_n and_o if_o it_o lighten_v in_o the_o evening_n it_o be_v without_o thunder_n if_o it_o thunder_v without_o flash_n that_o which_o likewise_o prove_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o air_n be_v that_o their_o serpent_n snake_n toad_n etc._n etc._n be_v not_o venomous_a here_o serpent_n toad_n etc._n etc._n not_o venomous_a here_o but_o often_o serve_v for_o food_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n yet_o the_o soil_n be_v more_o proper_a for_o the_o production_n of_o fruit_n pasture_n and_o pulse_n than_o the_o grain_n or_o vine_n of_o europe_n they_o carry_v they_o wine_n and_o flower_n corn_n be_v subject_a to_o spoil_v on_o the_o sea_n the_o native_n use_v rice_n and_o manjoche_n to_o make_v their_o bread_n commodity_n it_o be_v fertility_n and_o commodity_n they_o have_v likewise_o quantity_n of_o pulse_n tree_n which_o bear_v excellent_a fruit_n herb_n fourfooted_a beast_n bird_n and_o fish_n in_o great_a abundance_n many_o of_o which_o be_v not_o know_v to_o we_o many_o sort_n of_o palm-tree_n which_o yield_v they_o great_a commodity_n they_o have_v some_o mine_n of_o gold_n but_o more_o of_o silver_n but_o the_o riches_n of_o brazile_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o sugar_n and_o the_o brazile-wood_n which_o come_v from_o their_o araboutan_n a_o mighty_a tree_n which_o bear_v no_o fruit._n they_o have_v abundance_n of_o parroqueto_n among_o their_o monkey_n they_o have_v black_a one_o and_o of_o divers_a colour_n the_o most_o part_n very_o pleasant_a the_o skin_n of_o the_o tapiroussou_n curry_v become_v so_o hard_a that_o it_o make_v buckler_n not_o to_o be_v pierce_v by_o the_o strong_a shot_n arrow_n habit._n the_o inhabitant_n of_o brazile_n and_o what_o they_o be_v addict_v unto_o their_o custom_n etc._n etc._n their_o habit._n the_o brazilian_o be_v of_o a_o mean_a stature_n gross_a head_a large_a shoulder_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n their_o skin_n tawny_a they_o live_v common_o to_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n and_o free_a from_o disease_n care_v for_o nothing_o but_o war_n and_o vengeance_n they_o wander_v most_o part_n of_o their_o time_n in_o hunt_v fish_v and_o feast_v in_o which_o manjoche_n furnish_v they_o with_o bread_n cuminseed_n with_o drink_n and_o and_o the_o flesh_n of_o beast_n or_o of_o their_o enemy_n cut_v in_o gobbet_n and_o some_o fish_n be_v their_o most_o excellent_a meat_n the_o man_n be_v very_o cruel_a forgetful_a of_o courtesy_n receive_v and_o mindful_a of_o injury_n the_o woman_n be_v very_o lascivious_a they_o be_v deliver_v with_o little_a or_o no_o pain_n and_o immediate_o go_v about_o their_o affair_n and_o not_o observe_v the_o custom_n of_o a_o month_n lie_v in_o as_o be_v use_v among_o we_o they_o let_v their_o hair_n grow_v long_o which_o ordinary_o hang_v over_o their_o shoulder_n both_o sex_n go_v naked_a especial_o till_o marry_a they_o be_v esteem_v excellent_a swimmer_n and_o divers_a be_v able_a to_o stay_v a_o hour_n together_o under_o water_n they_o paint_v themselves_o with_o divers_a colour_n all_o over_o the_o body_n on_o which_o they_o leave_v no_o hair_n not_o so_o much_o as_o on_o their_o eyelid_n but_o only_o a_o crown_n about_o their_o head_n and_o fasten_v a_o bone_n which_o be_v well_o polish_a and_o some_o little_a stone_n which_o be_v esteem_v among_o they_o in_o their_o upper_a lip_n and_o cheek_n other_o cut_v their_o skin_n in_o figure_n and_o
fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o league_n where_o with_o a_o great_a declension_n it_o strike_v against_o some_o traverse_n other_o divide_v its_o water_n into_o many_o branch_n reassembles_a they_o and_o after_o have_v be_v so_o long_o in_o foam_n and_o froth_n disengage_v from_o these_o rock_n it_o repass_n but_o in_o every_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n once_o only_o be_v hear_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o river_n a_o certain_a lowing_n which_o raise_v up_o the_o water_n but_o which_o endure_v but_o for_o a_o moment_n and_o the_o river_n retake_v its_o ordinary_a course_n which_o be_v navigable_a above_o and_o below_o the_o cataract_n describe_v the_o province_n of_o urvaig_n with_o its_o chief_a place_n describe_v the_o province_n of_o vrvaig_n be_v on_o the_o sea_n and_o between_o brazile_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o paraguay_n it_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n of_o vrvaig_n that_o be_v of_o snail_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o prodigious_a quantity_n here_o find_v its_o habitation_n be_v la_fw-fr conception_n there_o where_o the_o vrvaig_n fall_v into_o the_o paraguay_n st._n nicholas_n on_o the_o river_n piration_n st._n francis_n xavier_n up_o within_o land_n and_o likewise_o on_o the_o vrvaig_n ibicuit_fw-la or_o the_o visitation_n on_o the_o paraguay_n and_o almost_o direct_o opposite_a to_o buenos_n ayres_n on_o the_o other_o side_n but_o there_o have_v be_v no_o relation_n of_o these_o part_n since_o those_o of_o 1626._o and_o 1627._o which_o be_v print_v in_o 1636_o in_o antwerp_n and_o in_o 1637_o in_o france_n if_o these_o people_n have_v since_o incline_v themselves_o to_o christianity_n as_o those_o relation_n say_v they_o have_v begin_v to_o do_v no_o doubt_n but_o they_o be_v by_o this_o time_n all_o or_o the_o great_a part_n christian_n the_o magellanick_n land_n and_o island_n bound_v the_o magellanick-land_n bound_v south_n of_o chili_n tucaman_n and_o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr plata_fw-la lie_v a_o great_a region_n and_o a_o great_a many_o of_o isle_n which_o we_o pass_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o magellanick_n they_o make_v together_o the_o last_o and_o most_o southern_a part_n of_o america_n meridionalis_fw-la wash_v on_o the_o east_n by_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it nort_n on_o the_o west_n by_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it shall_fw-mi or_o the_o pacifique-sea_n on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o magellanick-sea_n which_o may_v in_o general_n be_v extend_v over_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o these_o magellanick-land_n and_o island_n portugal_n the_o straight_a of_o magellan_n first_o discover_v by_o magellan_n the_o portugal_n the_o straight_a of_o magellan_n only_o former_o render_v all_o these_o quarter_n famous_a because_o that_o the_o people_n of_o europe_n and_o particular_o the_o castilian_n seek_v a_o passage_n other_o then_o that_o of_o the_o cape_n of_o good-hope_a to_o go_v to_o the_o moluccoe_n and_o east-indies_n magellan_n a_o portugal_n gentleman_n but_o in_o the_o name_n and_o service_n of_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n for_o some_o discontent_n he_o have_v receive_v in_o the_o payment_n of_o his_o wage_n in_o portugal_n be_v the_o first_o that_o find_v this_o straight_a at_o the_o extremity_n of_o america_n meridionalis_fw-la and_o who_o pass_v from_o mer_n deal_v nor_o unto_o that_o del_fw-it shall_fw-mi between_o the_o 21_o of_o october_n and_o the_o 27_o or_o 28_o of_o november_n in_o the_o year_n 1520_o give_v mean_n not_o only_o to_o the_o castilian_n to_o pretend_v the_o discovery_n of_o the_o molucco_n by_o the_o west_n against_o the_o portugal_n who_o boast_v to_o have_v first_o discover_v they_o by_o the_o east_n but_o likewise_o show_v a_o way_n to_o make_v the_o whole_a circuit_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n which_o certain_o have_v never_o before_o be_v do_v the_o two_o open_n of_o our_o straight_a as_o well_o towards_o we_o and_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it nort_n as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o towards_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it shall_fw-mi be_v between_o the_o 52_o and_o 53_o degree_n of_o latitude_n the_o middle_n descend_v unto_o the_o 54._o and_o the_o two_o cape_n of_o the_o first_o open_v be_v that_o of_o the_o virgin_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o on_o the_o continent_n and_o that_o of_o st._n severin_n or_o of_o st._n espritt_n on_o the_o left_a and_o in_o the_o magellanick_n isle_n or_o terra_fw-la del_fw-it fogo_n the_o two_o cape_n which_o end_v the_o other_o open_v be_v cape_n victory_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o cape_n desire_v on_o the_o left_a straight_a the_o length_n &_o breadth_n of_o this_o straight_a the_o length_n of_o this_o straight_a be_v near_o two_o hundred_o league_n its_o breadth_n only_o two_o three_o six_o ten_o league_n and_o sometime_o more_o incommodious_a for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v subject_a to_o whirlpool_n the_o wave_n of_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it shall_fw-mi predominate_v for_o fifty_o and_o odd_a league_n the_o rest_n be_v beat_v on_o by_o those_o of_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it nort_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o so_o long_o as_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it shall_fw-mi predominate_v the_o straight_a be_v lock_v between_o very_o high_a mountain_n and_o rock_n always_o cover_v with_o snow_n and_o which_o seem_v to_o touch_v on_o the_o other_o which_o make_v the_o approach_n difficult_a on_o this_o side_n and_o withal_o the_o sea_n be_v exceed_o deep_a the_o bottom_n of_o that_o which_o be_v beat_v by_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it nort_n be_v easy_o find_v and_o the_o field_n and_o valley_n according_a to_o the_o season_n be_v very_o pleasant_a both_o on_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o side_n and_o moreover_o here_o the_o straight_a much_o enlarge_n itself_o and_o have_v store_n of_o commodious_a port_n and_o road_n not_o fast_o distant_a from_o one_o another_o where_o the_o water_n likewise_o be_v good_a and_o the_o wood_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o mountain_n above_o the_o coast_n have_v something_o of_o cinnamon_n and_o be_v put_v in_o the_o fire_n render_v a_o agreeable_a odour_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o discovery_n of_o this_o straight_o be_v know_v in_o spain_n the_o castilian_n have_v a_o design_n to_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o with_o a_o intent_n to_o hinder_v all_o other_o nation_n from_o pass_v in_o 1523_o dom._n gutieres_n carvajal_n bishop_n of_o plaisance_n send_v in_o the_o name_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o four_o ship_n to_o make_v it_o more_o particular_o but_o this_o voyage_n prove_v very_o unfortunate_a for_o three_o of_o the_o ship_n perish_v in_o the_o straight_a and_o the_o four_o retire_v with_o no_o small_a hurt_n to_o lima._n in_o 1526_o garsia_n de_fw-fr loyosa_n be_v likewise_o here_o for_o the_o same_o intent_n which_o prove_v also_o fatal_a for_o the_o admiral_n come_v out_o of_o the_o straight_o be_v lose_v as_o also_o some_o at_o the_o molucco_n in_o 1535_o one_o simon_n de_fw-fr alcazova_n enter_v it_o but_o the_o mutiny_n which_o be_v among_o his_o people_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o loss_n and_o ill_a success_n dom._n gutier_n carvajal_n bishop_n of_o plaisance_n send_v other_o three_o vessel_n in_o 1539_o of_o which_o the_o admiral_n be_v lose_v one_o return_v back_o and_o the_o three_o pass_v on_o some_o other_o there_o be_v which_o go_v all_o of_o which_o be_v castilian_n some_o by_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n other_o by_o the_o coast_n of_o peru_n but_o none_o can_v ever_o find_v a_o way_n to_o seize_v this_o straight_a whereby_o to_o hinder_v a_o passage_n to_o other_o straight_a sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o this_o straight_a for_o in_o 1575._o sir_n francis_n drake_n happy_o pass_v this_o straight_a come_v into_o the_o mere_n del_fw-it shall_fw-mi pillage_v and_o burn_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o chili_n and_o peru_n quantity_n of_o spanish_a vessel_n and_o make_v a_o very_a rich_a booty_n he_o return_v into_o england_n this_o course_n of_o the_o english_a very_o much_o alarm_v peru_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o viceroy_n send_v dom._n piedro_n sarmiento_n to_o take_v full_a knowledge_n and_o make_v report_n in_o spain_n of_o all_o the_o coast_n harbour_n anchorage_n and_o particular_o of_o place_n where_o fort_n may_v be_v build_v and_o colony_n establish_v in_o this_o straight_a this_o report_n make_v in_o spain_n dom._n diego_n de_fw-fr valdes_n be_v send_v with_o twenty_o three_o vessel_n and_o twenty_o five_o hundred_o man_n but_o this_o voyage_n be_v likewise_o unhappy_a for_o seven_o or_o eight_o ship_n with_o about_o seven_o or_o eight_o hundred_o man_n be_v lose_v almost_o in_o sight_n of_o spain_n also_o some_o other_o of_o his_o ship_n with_o about_o three_o or_o four_o hundred_o man_n likewise_o perish_v during_o the_o voyage_n and_o valdes_n return_v into_o spain_n with_o seven_o or_o eight_o of_o his_o ship_n sarmento_n with_o four_o remain_v be_v at_o this_o straight_a build_v nombre_n de_fw-fr jesus_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o straight_a and_o leave_v there_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o man_n and_o
pleasant_o seat_v on_o a_o river_n who_o stream_n commodious_o water_v its_o street_n which_o be_v large_a and_o spacious_a it_o be_v beautify_v with_o fair_a building_n and_o its_o minster_n or_o cathedral_n be_v a_o stately_a structure_n have_v as_o many_o door_n for_o entrance_n as_o month_n in_o the_o year_n as_o many_o window_n as_o week_n and_o as_o many_o pillar_n great_a and_o small_a as_o day_n in_o the_o year_n and_o its_o spire_n proud_o show_v itself_o from_o a_o great_a distance_n near_o unto_o which_o be_v the_o bishop_n palace_n then_o its_o town-hall_n seat_v in_o a_o spacious_a marketplace_n be_v a_o fair_a building_n this_o city_n among_o its_o immunity_n send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n be_v a_o place_n well_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v enjoy_v a_o good_a trade_n and_o its_o market_n which_o be_v on_o tuesday_n and_o saturday_n be_v very_o considerable_a for_o corn_n and_o provision_n and_o for_o live_a cattle_n on_o tuesdays_n this_o city_n be_v encompass_v with_o open_a field_n and_o plain_n where_o at_o about_o 6_o mile_n distance_n be_v that_o wonderful_a piece_n of_o work_n call_v stone-henge_n compose_v of_o great_a and_o unwrought_a stone_n some_o be_v 28_o foot_n high_a and_o 7_o broad_a and_o so_o lay_v thwart_o one_o another_o that_o it_o be_v wonderful_a to_o behold_v and_o these_o stone_n be_v say_v to_o be_v thus_o raise_v by_o the_o britain_n as_o a_o monumental_a sepulchre_n of_o the_o virtue_n and_o manhood_n of_o ambrose_n aurelianus_n who_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o imperial_a purple-robe_n of_o britain_n in_o the_o declension_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n succour_v his_o languish_a country_n and_o by_o the_o aid_n of_o that_o warlike_a arthur_n repress_v the_o furious_a rage_n of_o the_o enemy_n vanquish_a powerful_a army_n and_o in_o the_o end_n in_o the_o last_o battle_n seek_v on_o this_o plain_a lose_v his_o life_n wilton_n wilton_n wilton_n well_o water_v with_o the_o willey_n and_o another_o river_n a_o town_n in_o former_a time_n of_o such_o great_a note_n that_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a in_o the_o county_n and_o be_v dignify_v with_o a_o episcopal_n see_v have_v a_o monastery_n and_o enjoy_v great_a immunity_n but_o at_o present_v it_o be_v become_v a_o small_a mean_a borough_n town_n elect_v parliament_n man_n be_v the_o place_n where_o she_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n be_v choose_v where_o the_o sheriff_n keep_v his_o monthly_a county-court_n yet_o have_v but_o a_o small_a market_n on_o friday_n divizes_n divizes_n devizes_n seat_v near_o blackmere-forest_n a_o town_n of_o great_a note_n and_o strength_n in_o former_a time_n than_o at_o present_a be_v defend_v by_o a_o powerful_a castle_n yet_o be_v it_o a_o large_a town_n be_v well_o inhabit_v and_o trade_v unto_o for_o divers_a commodity_n especial_o for_o malt_n it_o have_v the_o election_n of_o parliament_n man_n and_o its_o market_n which_o be_v on_o thursdays_n be_v very_o considerable_a for_o horse_n cattle_n of_o all_o sort_n corn_n provision_n and_o divers_a other_o country-commodity_n chipnam_fw-la chipnam_fw-la chipnam_n seat_v on_o the_o avon_n a_o borough_n town_n elect_v parliament_n man_n and_o have_v a_o note_a market_n for_o corn_n and_o provision_n on_o saturday_n marlborough_n marlborough_n marlborough_n seat_v on_o the_o kenet_n near_o savernake-forest_n and_o aldburn-chase_n and_o in_o a_o chalky_a soil_n a_o town_n of_o great_a note_n in_o former_a time_n where_o there_o be_v a_o parliament_n hold_v and_o a_o law_n make_v for_o the_o suppress_n of_o all_o tumult_n call_v the_o statute_n of_o marlborough_n and_o here_o be_v once_o a_o strong_a castle_n belong_v to_o john_n surname_v sans_o terre_n who_o be_v after_o king_n of_o england_n it_o be_v at_o present_a a_o good_a large_a and_o well_o build_v borough_n town_n elect_v parliament_n man_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o major_n and_o burgess_n and_o have_v a_o very_a considerable_a market_n for_o corn_n malt_n provision_n butter_n and_o especial_o cheese_n on_o saturday_n not_o far_o from_o this_o place_n be_v divers_a stone_n some_o of_o a_o vast_a bigness_n pitch_v up_o a_o end_n swindon_n swindon_n swindon_n seat_v near_o a_o rich_a vale_n and_o on_o the_o summit_n of_o a_o hill_n a_o town_n of_o no_o largeness_n but_o its_o house_n be_v general_o well_o build_v of_o stone_n and_o have_v a_o considerable_a market_n for_o fat_a cattle_n on_o mondays_n malmesbury_n malmesbury_n malmesbury_n pleasant_o seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o avon_n which_o almost_o encircle_v it_o over_o which_o it_o have_v 6_o bridge_n it_o be_v a_o town_n of_o great_a antiquity_n where_o maidulph_n a_o irish-scot_n a_o man_n of_o great_a holiness_n and_o learning_n under_o a_o hill_n in_o a_o solitary_a grove_n build_v a_o cell_n or_o little_a monastery_n and_o live_v a_o hermetical_a life_n and_o where_o his_o successor_n adelma_n build_v a_o fair_a monastery_n it_o as_o it_o present_v a_o good_a borough_n town_n govern_v by_o a_o major_n and_o alderman_n enjoy_v several_a immunity_n send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n and_o have_v a_o good_a market_n for_o corn_n and_o provision_n on_o saturday_n worcester_z county_z of_o worcester_z the_o county_n of_o worcester_z be_v of_o a_o fertile_a soil_v both_o for_o tillage_n and_o pasturage_n bear_v good_a crop_n of_o corn_n and_o feed_v store_n of_o cattle_n it_o be_v inter_v lace_v with_o aspire_a hill_n well_o clothe_v with_o wood_n as_o the_o malvern_n bredon_n woodbery_n aberleg_n etc._n etc._n and_o through_o its_o valley_n run_v those_o many_o river_n which_o so_o plentiful_o water_v the_o county_n as_o the_o severn_n avon_n salwarp_n etc._n etc._n this_o shire_n have_v such_o great_a abundance_n of_o fruit_n that_o even_o the_o hedgerow_n and_o highway_n be_v beset_v therewith_o who_o fruit_n be_v free_a to_o all_o passenger_n and_o here_o cider_n and_o perry_n be_v have_v in_o as_o great_a plenty_n as_o beer_n at_o london_n here_o be_v many_o salt-pit_n or_o wiche_n which_o afford_v a_o most_o excellent_a high_a prize_a salt_n for_o the_o gentry_n table_n which_o for_o fineness_n whiteness_n and_o hardness_n imitate_v loaf-sugar_n this_o county_n be_v sever_v into_o 5_o hundred_o in_o which_o be_v seat_v 152_o parish_n and_o be_v trade_v unto_o by_o 11_o market_n to_n worcester_z worcester_n worcester_n no_o less_o pleasant_o than_o commodious_o seat_v on_o the_o severn_n over_o which_o it_o have_v a_o fair_a stone-bridge_n with_o a_o tower_n upon_o it_o it_o be_v a_o city_n of_o great_a antiquity_n say_v to_o be_v build_v by_o the_o roman_n the_o better_a to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o the_o britain_n who_o be_v master_n of_o all_o beyond_o the_o severn_n and_o be_v hold_v in_o good_a repute_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o saxon_n and_o although_o it_o have_v receive_v so_o many_o shock_n of_o ill_a fortune_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n yet_o be_v it_o a_o place_n of_o good_a largeness_n number_v 9_o parish_n church_n beside_o st._n michael_n and_o its_o cathedral_n a_o stately_a structure_n in_o who_o choir_n be_v several_a graceful_a tomb_n this_o city_n enjoy_v ample_a immunity_n elect_v parliament_n man_n be_v dignify_v with_o the_o see_v of_o a_o bishop_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o major_n sheriff_n 6_o aldermen_z 24_o principal_a citizen_n with_o 48_o less_o call_v common-council-man_n 2_o chamberlain_n a_o recorder_n town_n clerk_n with_o sub-officer_n be_v grace_v with_o good_a building_n and_o well_o order_v street_n be_v well_o inhabit_v enjoy_v a_o good_a trade_n especial_o for_o clothing_n here_o make_v in_o great_a quantity_n and_o its_o market_n on_o wednesday_n friday_n and_o saturday_n be_v very_o considerable_a especial_o that_o on_o saturday_n for_o live_a cattle_n corn_n flesh_n fish_n and_o all_o provision_n which_o be_v here_o have_v at_o easy_a rate_n evesholme_n evesholme_n evesholme_n seat_v on_o a_o hill_n arise_v from_o the_o river_n avon_n which_o almost_o encompass_v it_o where_o it_o have_v a_o stone-bridge_n this_o town_n be_v of_o note_n for_o its_o abbey_n found_v by_o edwin_n by_o the_o helping-hand_n of_o king_n kenred_n son_n of_o wolpher_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n it_o be_v at_o present_a a_o large_a and_o well-built_a major-town_n esteem_v the_o best_a in_o the_o county_n next_z to_z worcester_z contain_v two_o or_o three_o parish_n send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n be_v well_o inhabit_v and_o frequent_v enjoy_v a_o good_a trade_n principal_o for_o stocking_n and_o its_o market_n which_o be_v on_o mondays_n be_v very_o considerable_a for_o corn_n cattle_n provision_n and_o stocking_n this_o town_n give_v name_n to_o a_o vale_n near_o adjoin_v which_o for_o fertility_n of_o soil_n may_v deserve_o be_v call_v the_o granary_n of_o these_o part_n droitwich_n droitwich_n droitwich_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n salwarp_n a_o pretty_a good_a bailiwick-town_n but_o its_o market_n which_o be_v on_o fridays_n be_v but_o small_a this_o town_n be_v of_o great_a note_n
for_o its_o salt-pit_n or_o wiche_n have_v three_o fountain_n that_o afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o water_n for_o the_o make_n of_o salt_n which_o be_v excellent_a white_a and_o good_a for_o which_o here_o be_v drive_v a_o good_a trade_n sturbridge_n sturbridge_n sturbridge_n seat_v on_o a_o flat_a and_o on_o the_o stour_n over_o which_o it_o have_v a_o bridge_n it_o be_v a_o good_a and_o well-built_a town_n have_v the_o accommodation_n of_o a_o good_a free-school_n with_o a_o library_n and_o its_o market_n on_o fridays_n be_v well_o furnish_v with_o corn_n provision_n and_o swine_n kidderminster_n kidderminster_n kidderminster_n feat_v under_o a_o hill_n and_o on_o the_o severn_n where_o the_o stour_n lose_v itself_o divide_v the_o town_n in_o twain_o a_o ancient_a bailiwick-town_n beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a church_n have_v well-built_a house_n be_v well_o inhabit_v and_o much_o trade_v unto_o for_o its_o stuff_n call_v kidderminster-stuffs_a and_o its_o market_n which_o be_v on_o thursdays_n be_v considerable_a for_o corn_n gottle_n provision_n and_o several_a country-commodity_n bewdley_n bewdley_n bewdley_n a_o bailiwick-town_n which_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n pleasant_o seat_v on_o the_o severn_n and_o near_o the_o forest_n of_o wire_n which_o in_o former_a time_n be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a delight_n and_o much_o resort_v unto_o it_o be_v a_o neat_a and_o well-built_a town_n enjoy_v a_o good_a trade_n for_o malt_n leather_n and_o cap_n call_v bewdley-cap_n here_o make_v and_o have_v a_o market_n on_o saturday_n chief_o considerable_a for_o barley_n yorkshire_n describe_v county_n of_o york_n describe_v the_o large_a county_n in_o england_n be_v above_o 300_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o although_o thus_o spacious_a for_o the_o generality_n be_v indifferent_a fertile_a yield_v good_a plenty_n of_o cattle_n corn_n fowl_n and_o fish_n for_o if_o one_o part_n be_v stony_a sandy_a and_o barren_a other_o part_n make_v amends_o and_o although_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o heath_n and_o moor_n which_o be_v barren_a ground_n yet_o be_v they_o profitable_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o the_o feed_n of_o cattle_n in_o this_o county_n the_o roman_n have_v several_a station_n and_o here_o be_v abundance_n of_o abbey_n monastery_n and_o religious_a house_n many_o of_o which_o be_v of_o great_a note_n eminency_n and_o wealth_n the_o chief_a manufacture_n of_o this_o shire_n be_v stocking_n alum_n jet_n lime_n knife_n pin_n etc._n etc._n but_o above_o all_o cloth_n in_o great_a plenty_n it_o be_v fever_v into_o three_o distinct_a part_n and_o call_v the_o north-riding_a the_o east-riding_a and_o the_o west-riding_a which_o say_v riding_n or_o part_n be_v subdivide_v into_o 26_o wapontack_n or_o hundred_o viz._n the_o north_n into_o eleven_o the_o east_n into_o six_o and_o the_o west_n into_o nine_o and_o in_o all_o these_o wapontack_n be_v number_v 563_o parish_n church_n beside_o abundance_n of_o chapel_n of_o ease_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o parish_n many_o of_o the_o chapel_n be_v as_o large_a as_o parish_n in_o other_o part_n of_o england_n the_o north-riding_a of_o yorkshire_n may_v not_o improper_o be_v divide_v into_o richmondshire_n cleaveland_n a_o fertile_a part_n north-allerton_n and_o blackmore_n very_o mountainous_a craggy_a and_o moorish_a the_o chief_a place_n in_o this_o ride_v be_v york_z york_n city_n of_o york_n which_o next_o to_o london_n claim_v the_o priority_n of_o all_o other_o in_o the_o kingdom_n a_o place_n of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o fame_n have_v its_o rise_n from_o the_o roman_n who_o have_v it_o in_o such_o great_a esteem_n that_o severus_n their_o emperor_n have_v here_o his_o palace_n and_o here_o end_v his_o day_n and_o have_v those_o funeral_n rite_n solemnize_v on_o his_o corpse_n according_a to_o their_o custom_n and_o here_o fl._n valerius_n constantius_n surname_v chlorus_n bid_v adve_o to_o the_o world_n and_o in_o his_o room_n his_o son_n constantine_n be_v here_o proclaim_v emperor_n nor_o do_v this_o city_n thus_o flourish_v only_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o be_v of_o great_a repute_n in_o all_o succeed_a age_n and_o have_v in_o all_o the_o revolution_n and_o change_n under_o the_o saxon_n dane_n and_o norman_n preserve_v its_o ancient_a lustre_n and_o be_v at_o present_a a_o fair_a large_a and_o beautiful_a city_n adorn_v with_o many_o splendid_a building_n both_o public_a and_o private_a be_v very_o populous_a much_o resort_v unto_o and_o well_o inhabit_v by_o gentry_n and_o wealthy_a tradesman_n and_o number_v about_o 30_o parish_n church_n and_o chapel_n beside_o its_o cathedral_n or_o minster_n a_o most_o stately_a structure_n dedicate_v to_o st._n peter_n among_o its_o public_a building_n of_o note_n these_o may_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o bishops-palace_n its_o chapterhouse_n a_o curious_a piece_n of_o architecture_n the_o princes-house_n call_v the_o manor_n and_o the_o court_n of_o judicature_n hold_v for_o the_o neighbour_a march_n according_a to_o that_o of_o ludlow_n it_o be_v a_o city_n and_o county_n within_o itself_o enjoy_v large_a immunity_n send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o lord_n major_n 12_o alderman_n clad_v in_o scarlet_a 2_o sheriff_n 12_o common_a council_n 8_o chamberlain_n a_o recorder_n town_n clerk_n swordbearer_n and_o common_a sergeant_n with_o other_o sub-officer_n it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a strength_n be_v well_o fortify_v and_o enclose_v with_o a_o strong_a wall_n on_o which_o be_v many_o turret_n or_o watch-house_n and_o have_v for_o entrance_n 4_o gate_n and_o 5_o postern_n it_o be_v situation_n be_v no_o less_o pleasant_o than_o commodious_o seat_v on_o the_o owse_n which_o sever_v it_o in_o two_o part_n but_o join_v together_o by_o a_o fair_a stone-bridge_n and_o to_o conclude_v its_o market_n on_o thursdays_n and_o staturdays_n be_v very_o considerable_a and_o well_o serve_v with_o flesh_n fish_n fowl_n etc._n etc._n as_o be_v its_o shambles_n on_o the_o weekday_n with_o provision_n malton_n or_o new-malton_n seat_v on_o the_o derwent_n malton_n malton_n over_o which_o it_o have_v a_o good_a stone-bridge_n it_o be_v compose_v of_o two_o town_n the_o new_a and_o the_o old_a malton_n and_o both_o contain_v 3_o parish_n church_n it_o be_v a_o place_n well_o inhabit_v and_o accommodate_v with_o good_a inn_n have_v weekly_o two_o market_n on_o tuesdays_n and_o saturday_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a in_o the_o county_n for_o horse_n live_v cattle_n provision_n and_o most_o country-commodity_n especial_o utensil_n for_o husbandry_n and_o as_o a_o borough_n town_n which_o be_v but_o mean_o build_v elect_v parliament_n man_n pickering_n or_o the_o honour_n of_o pickering_n a_o pretty_a good_a town_n pickering_n pickering_n belong_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n have_v a_o famous_a old_a castle_n now_o ruinous_a in_o which_o they_o keep_v their_o court_n for_o the_o hear_n of_o cause_n under_o 40_o s._n in_o the_o say_a honour_n which_o include_v several_a village_n which_o as_o it_o be_v encompass_v it_o so_o that_o the_o adjacent_a country_n be_v call_v pickering-lith_a the_o forest_n of_o pickering_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o pickering_n it_o be_v market_n which_o be_v on_o mondays_n be_v well_o serve_v with_o corn_n and_o provision_n scarborough_n a_o place_n of_o great_a strength_n as_o well_o by_o nature_n as_o art_n scarborough_n scarborough_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o steep_a rock_n with_o such_o craggy_a cliff_n that_o it_o be_v almost_o inaccessible_a and_o bear_v so_o into_o the_o sea_n that_o it_o be_v wash_v on_o all_o part_n except_o on_o the_o west_n where_o it_o yield_v access_n by_o a_o strait_a passage_n cliff_n or_o gullet_n where_o it_o have_v a_o strong_a wall_n on_o the_o top_n of_o this_o rock_n be_v a_o very_a fair_a green_a and_o large_a plain_n contain_v about_o 60_o acre_n of_o ground_n and_o have_v a_o little_a well_o of_o freshwater_n spring_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n and_o for_o its_o further_a defence_n have_v a_o strong_a castle_n now_o make_v use_n of_o by_o his_o majesty_n for_o a_o garrison_n this_o town_n be_v not_o very_o large_a but_o well_o build_v and_o inhabit_v enjoy_v a_o good_a trade_n have_v a_o commodious_a key_n with_o several_a vessel_n belong_v to_o it_o which_o be_v employ_v by_o they_o and_o during_o the_o herring-season_n for_o the_o fish_n trade_n they_o be_v plentiful_o take_v on_o this_o coast_n this_o place_n be_v of_o note_n for_o its_o famous_a spa_n much_o resort_v unto_o as_o well_o by_o foreigner_n as_o the_o english_a it_o be_v a_o town_n corporate_a elect_v parliament_n man_n be_v govern_v by_o two_o bailiff_n and_o a_o common_a council_n and_o have_v two_o market_n weekly_o on_o thursdays_n which_o be_v of_o good_a account_n and_o on_o saturday_n which_o be_v but_o small_a not_o far_o from_o this_o town_n be_v robinhoods-bay_n so_o call_v from_o robin-hood_n that_o note_a robber_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o