from_o more_o imperfect_a to_o more_o perfect_a being_n first_o beginning_n with_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v the_o terraqueous_a globe_n which_o be_v make_v tohu_o vabohu_o without_o form_n and_o void_a the_o water_n cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v afterward_o separate_v from_o the_o land_n and_o gather_v together_o into_o one_o place_n then_o he_o create_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o water_n first_o plant_n and_o then_o animal_n fish_n bird_n beast_n in_o order_n and_o last_o of_o all_o form_v the_o body_n of_o man_n of_o the_o dust_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o whereas_o there_o be_v no_o particular_a mention_n make_v of_o the_o creation_n of_o metal_n minerass_n and_o other_o fossils_n they_o must_v be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o word_n earth_n as_o the_o water_n itself_o also_o be_v in_o the_o second_o verse_n of_o this_o first_o chapter_n it_o seem_v therefore_o to_o i_o consonant_n to_o the_o scripture_n that_o god_n almighty_n do_v at_o first_o create_v the_o 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1._o 11._o let_v the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o grass_n etc._n etc._n and_o v_o 20._o let_v the_o water_n bring_v forth_o abundant_o the_o move_a creature_n that_o have_v life_n and_o fowl_n that_o may_v fly_v above_o the_o earth_n etc._n etc._n and_o v_o 24._o let_v the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o the_o live_a creature_n after_o his_o kind_n cattle_n and_o creep_a thing_n and_o beast_n of_o the_o earth_n after_o his_o kind_n so_o the_o earth_n be_v at_o first_o clothe_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o herb_n and_o tree_n and_o both_o earth_n and_o water_n furnish_v with_o inhabitant_n and_o this_o the_o ancient_n understand_v by_o their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o whether_o out_o of_o prae-existing_a seed_n as_o i_o suppose_v or_o not_o certain_z it_o be_v that_o god_n at_o that_o time_n do_v give_v a_o extraordinary_a and_o miraculous_a power_n to_o the_o land_n and_o water_n of_o produce_v vegetable_n and_o animal_n and_o after_o there_o be_v as_o many_o of_o every_o kind_n bring_v 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and_o cover_v the_o earth_n and_o that_o they_o do_v so_o seem_v evident_a to_o i_o from_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o scripture_n for_o in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o creation_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n verse_n 2._o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n move_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o water_n intimate_v that_o the_o water_n be_v uppermost_a and_o god_n say_v verse_n 9_o let_v the_o water_n under_o the_o heaven_n be_v gather_v together_o into_o one_o place_n and_o let_v the_o dry_a land_n appear_v whence_o i_o think_v it_o be_v manifest_a to_o any_o unprejudiced_a reader_n that_o before_o that_o time_n the_o land_n be_v cover_v with_o water_n especial_o if_o we_o add_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o holy_a psalmist_n psalm_n 104._o vers_fw-la 6._o &_o 9_o which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o comment_n upon_o this_o place_n of_o genesis_n where_o speak_v of_o the_o earth_n at_o the_o creation_n he_o say_v thou_o cover_v it_o with_o the_o deep_a as_o with_o a_o garment_n the_o water_n stand_v above_o the_o mountain_n ..._o and_o ver_fw-la 9_o that_o they_o turn_v not_o again_o to_o cover_v the_o earth_n and_o that_o this_o gather_v together_o of_o water_n be_v not_o into_o any_o subterraneous_a abyss_n seem_v likewise_o clear_a from_o the_o text._n for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o god_n call_v this_o collection_n of_o water_n sea_n as_o if_o it_o be_v on_o purpose_n to_o prevent_v such_o a_o mistake_n whether_o this_o separation_n of_o the_o land_n and_o water_n and_o gather_v the_o water_n together_o into_o one_o place_n be_v do_v by_o the_o immediate_a application_n and_o agency_n of_o god_n almighty_a power_n or_o by_o the_o intervention_n and_o instrumentality_n of_o second_o cause_n i_o can_v determine_v it_o may_v possible_o be_v effect_v by_o the_o same_o cause_n that_o earthquake_n be_v viz._n subterraneous_a fire_n and_o flatuse_n we_o see_v what_o incredible_a effect_n the_o accension_n of_o gunpowder_n have_v it_o rend_v rock_n and_o blow_v up_o the_o most_o ponderous_a and_o solid_a wall_n tower_n and_o edifice_n so_o that_o its_o force_n be_v almost_o irresistible_a why_o then_o may_v not_o such_o a_o proportionable_a quantity_n of_o such_o material_n set_v on_o fire_n together_o raise_v up_o the_o mountain_n themselves_o how_o great_a and_o ponderous_a soever_o they_o be_v yea_o the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n for_o it_o must_v all_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o water_n and_o true_o to_o i_o the_o psalmist_n seem_v to_o intimate_v this_o cause_n psalm_n 104._o 7._o for_o after_o he_o have_v say_v the_o water_n stand_v above_o the_o mountain_n he_o add_v at_o thy_o rebuke_n they_o flee_v at_o the_o voice_n of_o thy_o thunder_n they_o haste_v away_o now_o we_o know_v that_o a_o earthquake_n be_v but_o a_o subterraneous_a thunder_n and_o then_o immediate_o follow_v the_o mountain_n ascend_v the_o valley_n descend_v etc._n etc._n if_o there_o may_v be_v a_o high_a hill_n raise_v up_o near_o the_o city_n troezen_n out_o of_o a_o plain_a field_n by_o the_o force_n of_o a_o subterraneous_a fire_n or_o flatus_fw-la as_o ovid_n tell_v we_o est_fw-la prope_fw-la pitthaeam_fw-la tumulus_fw-la troezena_fw-la sine_fw-la ullis_fw-la arduus_fw-la arboribus_fw-la 15._o quondam_a planissima_fw-la campi_fw-la area_n nunc_fw-la tumulus_fw-la na_o res_fw-la horrenda_fw-la relatu_fw-la vis_fw-fr fera_fw-fr ventorum_fw-la caecis_fw-la inclusa_fw-la cavernis_fw-la expirare_fw-la aliqua_fw-la cupiens_fw-la luctatáque_fw-la frustra_fw-la liberiore_fw-la frui_fw-la coelo_fw-la cum_fw-la carcere_fw-la rima_fw-la nulla_fw-la fuit_fw-la toto_fw-la nec_fw-la peruia_fw-la flatibus_fw-la esset_fw-la extentam_fw-la tumefecit_fw-la humum_fw-la ceu_fw-la spiritus_fw-la oris_fw-la tendere_fw-la vesicam_fw-la solet_fw-la aut_fw-la derepta_fw-la bicornis_fw-la terga_fw-la capri_fw-la tumour_n ille_fw-la loci_fw-la permansit_fw-la &_o alti_fw-la collis_n habet_fw-la speciem_fw-la longóque_fw-la induruit_fw-la aevo_fw-la a_o hill_n by_o pitthaean_a traezen_n
out_o after_o great_a rain_n which_o they_o call_v gypsy_n which_o jet_n and_o spout_v up_o a_o great_a height_n neither_o be_v this_o eruption_n of_o spring_n after_o long_a rain_n proper_a and_o peculiar_a only_o to_o the_o wolds_n of_o yorkshire_n but_o common_a to_o other_o country_n also_o as_o dr._n baconica_n childrey_n witness_v in_o these_o word_n sometime_o there_o break_v out_o water_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o sudden_a land-flood_n out_o of_o certain_a stone_n that_o be_v like_o rock_n stand_v aloft_o in_o open_a field_n near_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o river_n kynet_n in_o kent_n which_o be_v repute_v by_o the_o common_a people_n a_o forerunner_n of_o dearth_n that_o the_o sudden_a eruption_n of_o spring_n in_o place_n where_o they_o use_v not_o always_o to_o run_v shall_v be_v a_o sign_n of_o dearth_n be_v no_o wonder_n for_o these_o unusual_a eruption_n which_o in_o kent_n we_o call_v nailbourn_v be_v cause_v by_o extreme_a glut_v of_o rain_n or_o last_a wet_a wether_n and_o never_o happen_v but_o in_o wet_a year_n witness_v the_o year_n 1648._o when_o there_o be_v many_o of_o they_o and_o to_o our_o purpose_n very_o remarkable_a it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1654._o several_a spring_n and_o rivulet_n be_v quite_o dry_v up_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o precedent_n drought_n which_o rage_v most_o in_o 1651_o 1652_o and_o 1653._o as_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stour_n that_o rise_v near_o elham_n in_o kent_n and_o run_v through_o canterbury_n be_v dry_a for_o some_o miles_n space_n and_o the_o like_v happen_v to_o the_o stream_n that_o cross_v the_o roadway_n between_o sittingburn_n and_o canterbury_n at_o ospr_v near_o feversham_n which_o at_o other_o time_n run_v with_o a_o plentiful_a current_n but_o then_o whole_o fail_v so_o we_o see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o infrequent_a for_o new_a spring_n to_o break_v out_o in_o wet_a year_n and_o for_o old_a one_o to_o fail_v in_o great_a drought_n and_o strabo_n in_o his_o first_o book_n out_o of_o xanthus_n the_o lydian_a tell_v we_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o artaxerxes_n there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o drought_n that_o river_n and_o lake_n and_o well_n of_o water_n fail_v and_o be_v dry_v up_o i_o can_v here_o also_o forbear_v to_o add_v the_o probable_a account_n he_o dr._n witty_a give_v of_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o spring-well_a on_o the_o castle-hill_n at_o scarborough_n at_o which_o i_o confess_v i_o be_v somewhat_o puzzle_v this_o well_o say_v he_o though_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o rock_n not_o many_o yard_n deep_a and_o also_o upon_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o cliff_n be_v doubtless_o supply_v by_o secret_a channel_n within_o the_o ground_n that_o convey_v the_o rain_n and_o shower_n into_o it_o be_v place_v on_o a_o dependent_a part_n of_o the_o rock_n near_o unto_o which_o there_o be_v also_o cellar_n under_o a_o old_a ruinate_a chapel_n which_o after_o a_o great_a rain_n be_v full_a of_o water_n but_o be_v dry_v up_o in_o a_o long_a drought_n as_o for_o what_o 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ingenious_a ground_v upon_o good_a observation_n and_o worthy_a of_o its_o author_n and_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v in_o part_n true_a in_o those_o hot_a country_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o near_o it_o where_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a heat_n the_o vapour_n be_v more_o copious_o exhale_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o its_o likely_a carry_v up_o high_a in_o the_o â—â—rm_n of_o vapour_n the_o inferior_a aâ—r_n at_o least_o be_v so_o charge_v with_o they_o and_o by_o that_o mean_n so_o very_o moist_a that_o in_o some_o place_n their_o knife_n rust_v even_o in_o their_o pocket_n and_o in_o the_o night_n so_o very_o fresh_a and_o cold_a partly_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o night_n that_o expose_v the_o body_n to_o it_o cause_n cold_n and_o catarrh_n and_o be_v very_o dangerous_a whence_o also_o their_o dew_n be_v so_o great_a as_o in_o good_a measure_n to_o recompense_v the_o want_n of_o rain_n and_o serve_v for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o plant_n as_o they_o do_v even_o in_o spain_n itself_o i_o shall_v first_o of_o all_o propose_v this_o opinion_n in_o the_o word_n of_o the_o author_n and_o then_o discourse_v a_o little_a upon_o it_o after_o he_o have_v enumerate_v many_o of_o the_o high_a ridge_n and_o tract_n of_o mountain_n in_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n he_o thus_o proceed_v each_o of_o which_o far_o surpass_v the_o usual_a height_n to_o which_o the_o aqueous_a vapour_n of_o themselves_o ascend_v and_o on_o the_o top_n of_o which_o the_o air_n be_v so_o cold_a and_o rarify_v as_o to_o retain_v but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o those_o vapour_n that_o shall_v be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o wind_n those_o vapour_n therefore_o that_o be_v raise_v copious_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o by_o the_o wind_n be_v carry_v over_o the_o low_a land_n to_o those_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n be_v there_o compel_v by_o the_o stream_n of_o the_o air_n to_o mount_v up_o with_o it_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n 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think_v the_o collection_n of_o water_n condense_v out_o of_o vapour_n unless_o we_o consider_v how_o vast_a a_o tract_n of_o ground_n that_o river_n drain_v and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o all_o those_o spring_n which_o break_v out_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n and_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o immense_a ridge_n of_o the_o alps_o which_o be_v one_o continue_a chain_n of_o mountain_n from_o switzerland_n to_o the_o black_a sea_n and_o it_o may_v almost_o pass_v for_o a_o rule_n that_o the_o magnitude_n of_o a_o river_n or_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n it_o evacuate_v be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o length_n and_o height_n of_o the_o ridge_n from_o whence_o its_o fountain_n arise_v now_o this_o theory_n of_o spring_n be_v not_o a_o bare_a hypothesis_n but_o found_v on_o experience_n which_o it_o be_v my_o luck_n to_o gain_v in_o my_o abode_n at_o st._n helena_n where_o in_o the_o night_n time_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n about_o eight_o hundred_o yard_n above_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v so_o strange_a a_o condensation_n or_o rather_o precipitation_n of_o the_o vapour_n that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a impediment_n to_o my_o celestial_a observation_n for_o in_o the_o clear_a sky_n the_o dew_n will_v â—all_n â—o_o â—ait_o as_o to_o cover_v each_o half_a quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n my_o glass_n with_o little_a drop_n so_o that_o i_o be_v necessitate_v to_o wipe_v they_o off_o so_o often_o and_o my_o paper_n on_o which_o i_o write_v my_o observation_n will_v immediate_o be_v so_o wet_a with_o the_o dew_n that_o it_o will_v not_o bear_v ink_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v how_o fast_o the_o water_n gather_v in_o those_o mighty_a high_a ridge_n i_o but_o
curious_a by_o publish_v a_o general_a catalogue_n of_o all_o the_o form_v stone_n find_v in_o england_n and_o his_o remark_n upon_o they_o and_o i_o have_v likewise_o prove_v by_o good_a authority_n that_o beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o high_a mountain_n and_o many_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n too_o there_o have_v be_v bed_n of_o real_a shell_n i_o may_v have_v add_v sharks-teeth_n or_o glossopetrae_n as_o both_o goropius_n becanus_n and_o georgius_n agricola_n testify_v if_o not_o in_o bed_n yet_o plentiful_o disperse_v in_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v several_a medical_n history_n extant_a as_o dr._n tancred_n robinson_n inform_v i_o of_o perfect_a shell_n find_v in_o animal_n body_n in_o who_o gland_n they_o be_v original_o form_v which_o be_v a_o considerable_a objection_n not_o easy_o to_o be_v remove_v tab_n ii_o pag_n 162_o tab_n iii_o pag._n 162_o tab_n iv_o pag_n 162_o chap._n v._n that_o there_o have_v be_v great_a charge_n make_v in_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n since_o the_o general_n deluge_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v i_o shall_v now_o discourse_v a_o little_a concern_v such_o change_n as_o have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n since_o the_o universal_a deluge_n and_o of_o their_o cause_n that_o there_o have_v be_v such_o i_o think_v no_o sober_a and_o intelligent_a person_n can_v deny_v there_o be_v so_o good_a authority_n and_o reason_n to_o prove_v it_o plato_n in_o his_o timaeus_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o egyptian_a priest_n relate_v to_o solon_n the_o athenian_a lawgiver_n who_o live_v about_o 600_o year_n before_o our_o saviour_n that_o there_o be_v of_o old_a time_n without_o the_o strait_o of_o gibraltar_n a_o vast_a island_n big_a than_o africa_n and_o asia_n together_o call_v atlantis_n which_o be_v afterward_o by_o a_o violent_a earthquake_n and_o mighty_a flood_n and_o inundation_n of_o water_n in_o one_o day_n and_o night_n whole_o overwhelm_v and_o drown_v in_o the_o sea_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v conjecture_v that_o the_o old_a and_o new_a world_n be_v at_o first_o continuous_a or_o by_o the_o intervention_n of_o that_o island_n not_o very_o far_o remote_a from_o each_o other_o that_o the_o island_n of_o sicily_n be_v of_o old_a break_v off_o from_o italy_n by_o the_o irruption_n or_o insinuation_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v general_o believe_v and_o there_o be_v some_o memorial_n thereof_o retain_v in_o the_o very_a name_n of_o the_o city_n rhegium_n stand_v upon_o the_o fretum_n that_o separate_v italy_n and_o sicily_n which_o signify_v break_v off_o 15._o zancle_n quoque_fw-la juncta_fw-la fuisse_fw-la dicitur_fw-la italiae_fw-la donec_fw-la confinia_fw-la pontus_fw-la abstulit_fw-la &_o mediâ_fw-la tellurem_fw-la reppulit_fw-la undâ_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n the_o island_n call_v euboea_n now_o negroponte_n be_v of_o old_a join_v to_o greece_n and_o break_v off_o by_o the_o work_n of_o the_o sea_n moreover_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o ceylon_n report_n that_o their_o island_n be_v ancient_o join_v to_o the_o main-land_n of_o india_n and_o separate_v from_o it_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v also_o think_v and_o there_o be_v good_a ground_n for_o it_o that_o the_o island_n of_o sumatra_n be_v ancient_o continuous_a with_o malacca_n and_o call_v the_o golden_a chersonese_n for_o be_v behold_v from_o afar_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v unite_v to_o malacca_n and_o to_o come_v near_a home_n verstegan_n affirm_v and_o not_o without_o good_a reason_n that_o our_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n be_v ancient_o continent_n to_o gaul_n and_o so_o no_o island_n but_o a_o peninsula_n and_o to_o have_v be_v break_v off_o from_o the_o continent_n but_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o be_v in_o his_o judgement_n altogether_o uncertain_a whether_o by_o some_o great_a earthquake_n whereby_o the_o sea_n first_o break_v through_o might_n afterward_o by_o little_a and_o little_o enlarge_v her_o passage_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v cut_v by_o the_o labour_n of_o man_n in_o regard_n of_o commodity_n by_o that_o passage_n or_o whether_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o by_o occasion_n of_o war_n do_v cut_v it_o thereby_o to_o be_v sequester_v and_o free_v from_o their_o enemy_n his_o argument_n to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v former_o unite_v to_o france_n be_v 1._o the_o cliff_n on_o either_o side_n the_o sea_n lie_v just_o opposite_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o that_o be_v those_o of_o dover_n to_o those_o lie_v between_o calais_n and_o bouloin_n for_o from_o dover_n to_o calais_n be_v not_o the_o near_a land_n be_v both_o of_o one_o substance_n that_o be_v of_o chalk_n and_o flint_n 2._o the_o side_n of_o both_o towards_o the_o sea_n plain_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v break_v off_o from_o some_o more_o of_o the_o same_o stuff_n or_o matter_n that_o it_o have_v sometime_o by_o nature_n be_v fasten_v to_o 3._o the_o length_n of_o the_o say_a cliff_n along_o the_o seashore_n be_v on_o one_o side_n answerable_a in_o effect_n to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o very_a like_a on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o be_v about_o six_o mile_n and_o 4._o the_o nearness_n of_o land_n between_o england_n and_o france_n in_o that_o place_n the_o distance_n between_o both_o as_o some_o skilful_a sailor_n report_n not_o exceed_v 24._o english_a miles_n some_o of_o the_o ancient_n as_o strato_n quote_v by_o strabo_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o geography_n say_v that_o the_o fretum_n gaditanum_n or_o strait_n of_o gibraltar_n be_v forcible_o break_v open_a by_o the_o sea_n the_o same_o they_o affirm_v of_o the_o thracian_a bosphorus_n and_o hellespont_n that_o the_o river_n fill_v up_o the_o euxine_a sea_n force_v a_o passage_n that_o way_n where_o there_o be_v none_o before_o and_o in_o confirmation_n hereof_o diodorus_n siculus_n in_o his_o five_o book_n give_v we_o a_o ancient_a story_n current_n among_o the_o samothracian_o viz._n that_o before_o any_o other_o flood_n record_v in_o history_n there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a deluge_n that_o overflow_v a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o coast_n of_o asia_n and_o the_o low_a ground_n of_o their_o island_n when_o the_o euxine_a sea_n first_o break_v open_v the_o thracian_a bosphorus_n and_o hellespont_n and_o drown_v all_o the_o adjacent_a country_n this_o traditional_a story_n i_o look_v upon_o as_o very_o considerable_a for_o its_o antiquity_n and_o probability_n it_o seem_v to_o contain_v something_o of_o truth_n for_o it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a that_o the_o euxine_a sea_n be_v overcharge_v with_o water_n by_o extraordinary_a flood_n or_o drive_v with_o violent_a storm_n of_o wind_n may_v make_v its_o way_n through_o the_o bosphorus_n and_o hellespent_v but_o it_o will_v be_v object_v that_o the_o euxine_a sea_n do_v empty_a itself_o continual_o by_o the_o bosphorus_n and_o hellespont_n into_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o that_o if_o it_o have_v not_o this_o way_n of_o discharge_n the_o river_n bring_v in_o more_o than_o be_v spend_v by_o vapour_n it_o will_v soon_o overflow_v all_o its_o shore_n and_o drown_v the_o circumjacent_a country_n and_o so_o it_o must_v have_v do_v soon_o after_o the_o flood_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o samothrace_n shall_v have_v be_v inhabit_v before_o that_o irruption_n if_o any_o such_o there_o be_v to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o that_o mounseur_fw-fr marsilly_n think_v he_o have_v demonstrate_v a_o under-current_n in_o the_o thracian_a bosphorus_n by_o mean_n of_o which_o the_o euxine_a may_v receive_v as_o much_o water_n from_o the_o mediterranean_a as_o it_o pour_v forth_o into_o it_o but_o because_o i_o have_v already_o declare_v myself_o not_o to_o be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o be_v and_o possibility_n of_o these_o undercurrent_n i_o answer_v 2._o the_o annual_a receipt_n from_o the_o river_n run_v into_o the_o euxine_a not_o very_o much_o exceed_v what_o be_v spend_v in_o vapour_n who_o know_v but_o that_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o general_n deluge_n till_o the_o irruption_n whereof_o we_o be_v discourse_v the_o euxine_a might_n yearly_o enlarge_v its_o basin_n and_o encroach_v upon_o the_o neighbour_a country_n natural_a historian_n give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o new_a island_n raise_v up_o in_o the_o sea_n plin._n hist._n nat._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 87._o enumerates_n delos_n and_o rhodes_n island_n of_o note_n and_o of_o less_o account_n and_o late_a emersion_n anaphe_n beyond_o melos_n and_o nea_n between_o lemnos_n and_o the_o hellespont_n alone_o between_o lebedos_n and_o teos_n and_o among_o the_o cyclades_n thera_n and_o therasia_n olymp._n 135._o an._n 4._o which_o last_o or_o one_o of_o the_o same_o name_n seneca_n say_v be_v raise_v himself_o behold_v it_o nobis_fw-la spectantibus_fw-la enata_fw-la among_o the_o same_o after_o 130_o year_n hiera_n and_o two_o furlong_n distant_a in_o his_o own_o time_n when_o junius_n syllanus_n and_o l._n balbus_n be_v consul_n thia._n but_o the_o most_o
considerable_a and_o remarkable_a mutation_n that_o have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o earth_n have_v be_v on_o the_o seacoast_n either_o by_o carry_v on_o the_o land_n into_o the_o lea_n and_o atterrate_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o by_o drown_v the_o land_n near_o the_o sea_n by_o eruption_n and_o inundation_n thereof_o or_o undermine_v or_o wash_v away_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n of_o change_n by_o atterration_n or_o make_v the_o sea_n dry_a land_n we_o have_v a_o eminent_a instance_n in_o the_o dutch_a netherlands_o which_o i_o easy_o consent_v with_o verstegan_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v even_o and_o plain_a without_o any_o hill_n have_v undouted_o heretofore_o in_o time_n long_o pass_v be_v sea_n as_o appear_v 1._o from_o the_o lowness_n of_o their_o situation_n some_o of_o the_o more_o maritime_a part_n of_o they_o as_o zealand_n and_o holland_n and_o part_n of_o flanders_n be_v so_o low_o that_o by_o breach_n or_o cut_v of_o the_o sand_n banks_n or_o down_n which_o the_o sea_n by_o little_a and_o little_o have_v cast_v up_o and_o the_o labour_n of_o man_n here_o and_o there_o supply_v may_v easy_o be_v drown_v and_o convert_v into_o sea_n again_o and_o of_o the_o great_a harm_n that_o these_o part_n have_v heretofore_o by_o the_o irruption_n of_o the_o sea_n sustain_v but_o now_o not_o only_o those_o low_a place_n that_o adjoyn_v upon_o the_o sea_n as_o holland_n and_o zealand_n but_o the_o great_a part_n of_o flanders_n and_o brabant_n though_o they_o lie_v not_o so_o low_a as_o they_o but_o of_o such_o height_n as_o no_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n can_v any_o whit_n annoy_v they_o though_o the_o sand-bank_n and_o down_n on_o the_o seaside_n be_v never_o so_o much_o break_v or_o cut_v through_o yet_o be_v they_o as_o even_o and_o level_a as_o even_o holland_n and_o zealand_n themselves_o which_o be_v a_o sufficient_a demonstration_n that_o they_o be_v once_o cover_v with_o water_n for_o that_o water_n will_v thus_o level_v ground_n it_o often_o run_v over_o be_v clear_a from_o meadow_n and_o from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n discover_v at_o low-water_n and_o we_o have_v experience_n of_o no_o other_o cause_o that_o do_v or_o can_v effect_v it_o and_o therefore_o lewis_n guicciardine_n erroneous_o argue_v hubert_n thomas_n secretary_n to_o count_n frederick_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n of_o a_o mistake_n for_o say_v in_o his_o description_n of_o the_o country_n of_o liege_n that_o the_o sea_n have_v come_v up_o even_o to_o tongre_n wall_n now_o well_o nigh_o a_o hundred_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o sea_n among_o other_o good_a reason_n allege_v for_o the_o proof_n thereof_o that_o the_o great_a iron-rings_a be_v there_o yet_o remain_v unto_o which_o the_o ship_n that_o there_o sometime_o arrive_v be_v fasten_v i_o say_v erroneous_o see_v all_o the_o country_n between_o that_o and_o the_o sea_n be_v level_a and_o of_o a_o equal_a superficies_n without_o any_o hill_n or_o rise_n 2._o this_o appear_v not_o only_o from_o the_o great_a plainness_n and_o evenness_n of_o the_o ground_n but_o in_o that_o the_o soil_v general_o both_o in_o flanders_n and_o brabant_n be_v sandy_a whence_o it_o seem_v natural_o to_o follow_v that_o those_o country_n be_v ancient_o the_o flat_n sands_n or_o shore_n of_o the_o sea_n 3._o in_o that_o dig_v about_o two_o fathom_n more_o or_o less_o deep_a in_o the_o earth_n innumerable_a shell_n of_o sea-fish_n be_v find_v and_o that_o common_o in_o all_o place_n both_o of_o field_n and_o town_n and_o in_o many_o place_n the_o great_a bone_n of_o fish_n further_a say_v verstegan_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o albeit_o dig_v deep_a in_o the_o earth_n in_o brabant_n and_o flanders_n great_a abundance_n of_o shell_n and_o bone_n of_o fish_n be_v to_o be_v find_v yet_o dig_v in_o the_o earth_n in_o holland_n and_o zealand_n none_o at_o all_o be_v perceive_v howbeit_o on_o the_o sand_n on_o the_o seashore_n there_o be_v very_o many_o the_o reason_n whereof_o may_v be_v because_o those_o part_n have_v be_v in_o time_n long_o past_a part_n of_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o part_n aforesaid_a of_o brabant_n and_o flanders_n the_o flat_n or_o shore_n and_o on_o the_o flat_n and_o not_o in_o the_o depth_n such_o kind_n of_o shellfish_n be_v natural_o nourish_v this_o be_v a_o very_a plausible_a account_n but_o yet_o it_o have_v be_v by_o experience_n find_v that_o if_o you_o dig_v deep_a enough_o even_o in_o holland_n itself_o after_o many_o floor_n of_o several_a sort_n of_o earth_n you_o will_v at_o last_o come_v to_o bed_n of_o shell_n for_o varenius_n tell_v we_o that_o sink_v a_o well_o in_o amsterdam_n after_o many_o bed_n or_o layer_n of_o earth_n sand_n turf_n etc._n etc._n at_o a_o hundred_o foot_n depth_n they_o come_v to_o a_o bed_n of_o sea-sand_n mix_v with_o cockle-shell_n of_o four_o foot_n thickness_n which_o doubtless_o be_v of_o old_a time_n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o all_o the_o other_o bed_n above_o it_o be_v bring_v down_o partly_o by_o flood_n subside_v and_o settle_v there_o partly_o by_o the_o work_n of_o the_o sea_n spread_v bed_n of_o sand_n upon_o the_o layer_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o interchangeable_o but_o from_o this_o experiment_n it_o do_v appear_v that_o however_o deep_a the_o sea_n be_v thereabouts_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o too_o deep_a to_o breed_v or_o harbour_v shellfish_n another_o great_a instance_n of_o change_n make_v in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o atterration_n be_v in_o our_o own_o country_n the_o great_a level_n of_o the_o fen_n run_v through_o holland_n in_o lincolnshire_n the_o isle_n of_o ely_n in_o cambridgeshire_n and_o marshland_n in_o norfolk_n which_o that_o it_o be_v sometime_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o atterrate_v by_o land_n bring_v down_o by_o flood_n from_o the_o upper_a ground_n seem_v to_o i_o evident_a in_o that_o it_o be_v near_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o that_o there_o be_v thereabouts_o a_o concurrence_n of_o many_o 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whole_a field_n yea_o to_o bury_v town_n and_o village_n they_o be_v also_o a_o concurrent_a cause_n of_o those_o huge_a bank_n and_o shelf_n of_o sand_n that_o be_v so_o dangerous_a to_o mariner_n and_o bar_v up_o havens_n and_o ruin_v port-town_n of_o which_o many_o instance_n may_v be_v give_v i_o find_v in_o dr._n hakewil_n apology_n a_o story_n or_o two_o show_v the_o great_a force_n and_o strength_n of_o wind_n the_o one_o take_v out_o of_o bellarmine_n book_n de_n ascensu_fw-la mentis_fw-la in_o deum_fw-la per_fw-la scal_fw-mi create_v grad_v 2._o vidi_n ego_fw-la say_v the_o cardinal_n quod_fw-la nisi_fw-la vidissem_fw-la non_fw-la crederem_fw-la à _fw-la vehementissimo_fw-la vento_fw-la effossam_fw-la ingentem_fw-la terrae_fw-la molem_fw-la eámque_fw-la delatam_fw-la super_fw-la pagum_fw-la quendam_fw-la ut_fw-la fovea_fw-la altissima_fw-la conspiceretur_fw-la unde_fw-la terra_fw-la eruta_fw-la fuerat_fw-la &_o pagus_fw-la totus_fw-la coopertus_fw-la &_o quasi_fw-la sepultus_fw-la manserit_fw-la ad_fw-la quem_fw-la terra_fw-la illa_fw-la devenerat_fw-la i._n e._n i_o myself_o have_v see_v which_o if_o i_o have_v not_o see_v i_o shall_v not_o have_v believe_v a_o very_a great_a quantity_n of_o earth_n dig_v out_o and_o take_v up_o by_o the_o force_n of_o a_o strong_a wind_n and_o carry_v up_o a_o village_n thereby_o so_o that_o there_o remain_v to_o be_v see_v a_o great_a empty_a hollowness_n in_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v lift_v and_o the_o village_n upon_o which_o it_o light_v be_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o cover_v over_o and_o bury_v in_o it_o the_o other_o out_o of_o stow_n who_o report_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1095._o during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n william_n rufus_n there_o happen_v in_o london_n a_o outrageous_a wind_n which_o bear_v down_o in_o that_o city_n alone_o six_o hundred_o house_n and_o blow_v off_o the_o roof_n of_o bow-church_n with_o which_o the_o beam_n be_v bear_v into_o the_o air_n a_o great_a height_n six_o whereof_o be_v 27_o foot_n long_o with_o their_o fall_n be_v drive_v 23_o foot_n deep_a into_o the_o ground_n the_o street_n of_o the_o city_n lie_v then_o unpaved_a now_o then_o to_o sum_n up_o what_o we_o have_v say_v the_o change_n and_o alteration_n that_o have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o terraqueous_a globe_n have_v be_v effect_v chief_o by_o water_n fire_n and_o wind._n those_o by_o water_n have_v be_v either_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o by_o rains_n and_o both_o either_o ordinary_a or_o extraordinary_a the_o ordinary_a tide_n and_o springtide_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v wash_v away_o the_o shore_n and_o change_v sand-bank_n and_o the_o like_a the_o extraordinary_a and_o tempestuous_a motion_n of_o the_o sea_n raise_v by_o rage_v and_o impetuous_a wind_n subterraneous_a fire_n or_o some_o other_o hide_a cause_n overwhelm_v island_n open_a fretum_n throw_v up_o huge_a bed_n and_o bank_n of_o sand_n nay_o vast_a baiches_fw-fr of_o stone_n extend_v some_o mile_n and_o drown_v whole_a country_n the_o ordinary_a rain_n contribute_v something_o to_o the_o daily_a diminution_n of_o the_o mountain_n fill_v up_o of_o the_o valley_n and_o atterrate_v the_o skirt_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o extraordinary_a rain_n cause_v great_a flood_n and_o deluge_n have_v more_o visible_a and_o remarkable_a influence_n upon_o such_o mutation_n do_v that_o in_o a_o few_o day_n which_o the_o ordinary_a wether_n can_v not_o effect_v it_o may_v be_v in_o a_o hundred_o year_n in_o all_o these_o change_v the_o wind_n have_v a_o great_a interest_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o cloud_n be_v whole_o owe_v to_o they_o and_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n also_o the_o overflowing_n and_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n whatever_o change_n have_v be_v wrought_v by_o earthquake_n thunder_n and_o eruption_n of_o vulcano_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o fire_n all_o these_o cause_n cooperate_v towards_o the_o lower_a of_o the_o mountain_n level_v of_o the_o earth_n straighten_n and_o land_v up_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o fine_a compel_v the_o water_n to_o return_v upon_o the_o dry_a land_n and_o cover_v the_o whole_a surface_n of_o it_o as_o at_o the_o first_o how_o to_o obviate_v this_o in_o a_o natural_a way_n i_o know_v not_o unless_o by_o a_o transmutation_n of_o the_o two_o element_n of_o water_n and_o earth_n one_o into_o another_o which_o i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n grant_v it_o be_v true_a indeed_o the_o rocky_a part_n of_o the_o mountain_n may_v be_v so_o hard_a and_o impenetrable_a as_o to_o resist_v and_o hold_v out_o against_o all_o the_o assault_n of_o the_o water_n and_o utmost_a rage_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o then_o all_o the_o earth_n and_o sand_n be_v wash_v from_o they_o nothing_o but_o as_o it_o be_v their_o skeleton_n will_v remain_v extant_a above_o the_o water_n and_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o effect_n drown_v but_o though_o i_o can_v imagine_v or_o think_v upon_o any_o natural_a mean_n to_o prevent_v and_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o this_o effect_n yet_o do_v i_o not_o deny_v that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o and_o i_o be_o the_o rather_o inclinable_a so_o to_o think_v because_o the_o world_n do_v not_o in_o any_o degree_n proceed_v so_o fast_o towards_o this_o period_n as_o the_o force_n and_o agency_n of_o all_o these_o cause_n together_o seem_v to_o require_v for_o as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o oracle_n predict_v the_o carry_n on_o the_o shore_n of_o cilicia_n as_o far_o as_o cyprus_n by_o the_o earth_n and_o mud_n that_o the_o turbid_v river_n pyramus_n shall_v bring_v down_o and_o let_v fall_v in_o the_o interjacent_a strait_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v fill_v up_o that_o there_o have_v not_o any_o considerable_a progress_n be_v make_v towards_o it_o so_o far_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v or_o read_v in_o these_o 2000_o year_n and_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o long_o the_o world_n last_v the_o few_o concussion_n and_o
in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr mundi_fw-la fabrica_fw-la more_o brief_o pergratum_fw-la lectori_fw-la fore_fw-la existimavi_fw-la si_fw-la rem_fw-la sâ—itu_fw-la dignissimam_fw-la exposuero_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o think_v it_o may_v be_v very_o acceptable_a to_o the_o reader_n if_o i_o shall_v discover_v to_o he_o a_o thing_n most_o worthy_a to_o be_v know_v which_o i_o have_v long_o ago_o and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n observe_v and_o be_o daily_o more_o confirm_v in_o especial_o see_v no_o former_a writer_n that_o i_o know_v of_o have_v publish_v any_o thing_n concern_v it_o it_o be_v this_o that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n which_o be_v now_o rough_a and_o uneven_a by_o reason_n of_o mountain_n and_o valley_n and_o so_o only_o rude_o spherical_a be_v daily_o from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o world_n reduce_v to_o a_o perâ—â—â—t_a roundness_n in_o so_o much_o that_o it_o will_v necessary_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o a_o natural_a way_n that_o it_o be_v one_o day_n overflow_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o render_v unhabitble_a first_o then_o that_o we_o may_v clear_o apprehend_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o thing_n we_o must_v lay_v down_o as_o a_o foundation_n from_o holy_a writ_n that_o the_o terraqueous_a globe_n be_v in_o the_o beginning_n endue_v with_o a_o more_o perfect_a spherical_a figure_n that_o be_v without_o any_o inequality_n of_o mountain_n and_o valley_n and_o that_o it_o be_v whole_o cover_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o altogether_o unfit_a for_o terrestrial_a animal_n to_o inhabit_v but_o it_o be_v then_o render_v habitable_a when_o by_o the_o beck_n or_o command_n of_o its_o creator_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n be_v translate_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o whereupon_o here_o appear_v the_o hollow_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o all_o the_o water_n which_o before_o cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n recede_v and_o flow_v down_o fill_v those_o depress_v and_o hollow_a place_n and_o this_o congregation_n of_o water_n be_v call_v the_o sea_n hence_o some_o grave_a author_n doubt_v not_o to_o assert_v that_o the_o mountain_n be_v make_v up_o of_o that_o very_a earth_n which_o before_o fill_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o sea_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o earth_n as_o now_o it_o be_v mountainous_a and_o elevate_v above_o the_o water_n have_v not_o its_o natural_a figure_n but_o be_v in_o a_o violent_a state_n but_o nullum_fw-la violentum_fw-la est_fw-la perpetuum_fw-la beside_o the_o earth_n be_v heavy_a than_o the_o water_n none_o of_o its_o part_n ought_v to_o be_v extant_a and_o appear_v above_o its_o superficies_n and_o yet_o we_o see_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v real_o high_a than_o the_o sea_n especial_o the_o mountainous_a part_n of_o it_o in_o which_o respect_n also_o both_o land_n and_o water_n be_v in_o a_o violent_a state_n wherefore_o it_o be_v very_o convenient_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o both_o that_o they_o shall_v daily_o return_v towards_o their_o ancient_a and_o primigenial_a state_n and_o figure_n and_o according_o we_o affirm_v that_o they_o do_v so_o moreover_o we_o say_v that_o the_o water_n both_o of_o rains_n and_o rivers_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o restitution_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o follow_a observation_n first_o we_o see_v that_o river_n do_v daily_o fret_v and_o undermine_v the_o root_n of_o the_o mountain_n so_o that_o here_o and_o there_o from_o most_o mountain_n they_o cause_v great_a ruin_n and_o precipice_n whence_o the_o mountain_n appear_v break_v and_o the_o earth_n so_o fall_v from_o the_o mountain_n the_o river_n carry_v down_o to_o the_o low_a place_n from_o these_o corrosion_n of_o the_o river_n proceed_v these_o â—low_n but_o great_a ruin_n call_v labinae_fw-la à _fw-la labendo_fw-la in_o which_o some_o street_n and_o whole_a village_n be_v precipitate_v into_o the_o river_n 2._o we_o daily_o see_v that_o the_o rain-water_n wash_v away_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o carry_v they_o down_o to_o the_o low_a place_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o high_a mountain_n be_v also_o hard_o and_o more_o stony_a than_o the_o rest_n by_o mean_n whereof_o they_o better_o resist_v the_o water_n hence_o also_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o ancient_a building_n in_o mountain_n their_o foundation_n be_v by_o degree_n discover_v prove_v not_o very_o durable_a for_o which_o reason_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o roman_a capitol_n be_v now_o whole_o extant_a above_o ground_n which_o of_o old_a at_o its_o first_o erection_n be_v sink_v very_o deep_a into_o it_o this_o same_o thing_n all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o mountain_n do_v confirm_v all_o say_n that_o this_o lower_a of_o mountain_n be_v long_o since_o know_v to_o they_o for_o that_o former_o some_o intermediate_v mountain_n intercept_v the_o sight_n of_o a_o castle_n or_o tower_n situate_v in_o a_o more_o remote_a mountain_n which_o after_o many_o year_n the_o intervenient_a mountain_n be_v depress_v come_v clear_o into_o view_n and_o george_n agricola_n be_v of_o opinion_n which_o i_o very_o much_o approve_v of_o that_o the_o river_n produce_v the_o mountain_n and_o hill_n in_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n there_o be_v not_o so_o many_o particular_a divide_a mountain_n but_o only_o perpetual_a eminent_a ridge_n of_o land_n not_o dissect_v into_o so_o many_o valley_n as_o we_o now_o see_v so_o for_o example_n our_o apennine_n be_v at_o first_o one_o continue_v even_o eminent_a ridge_n of_o land_n not_o divide_v into_o any_o particular_a mountain_n and_o hill_n by_o intervening_a valley_n as_o now_o it_o be_v but_o that_o after_o the_o river_n begin_v to_o flow_v down_o from_o the_o top_n of_o it_o by_o little_a and_o little_o fret_v and_o corrode_a the_o ground_n they_o make_v valley_n and_o daily_o more_o and_o more_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o whole_a apennine_a come_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o many_o hill_n and_o mountain_n 3._o in_o plain_n we_o see_v the_o direct_o contrary_a happen_v for_o the_o plain_n be_v daily_o more_o and_o more_o elevate_v because_o the_o water_n do_v let_v fall_v in_o the_o plain_a and_o hollow_a place_n the_o earth_n they_o bring_v down_o with_o they_o from_o the_o mountain_n hence_o we_o see_v that_o ancient_a building_n in_o such_o place_n be_v almost_o whole_o bury_v in_o the_o ground_n so_o in_o rome_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o capitoline_n mountain_n we_o see_v the_o triumphal_a arch_n of_o septimius_n almost_o whole_o overwhelm_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o everywhere_o in_o ancient_a city_n many_o gate_n and_o door_n of_o house_n almost_o land_v up_o little_a thereof_o be_v extant_a above_o ground_n from_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o sink_v and_o demersion_n of_o building_n into_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o manifest_a sign_n of_o their_o antiquity_n which_o be_v so_o much_o the_o great_a by_o how_o much_o the_o deep_o they_o be_v sink_v so_o for_o example_n at_o bononia_n in_o italy_n many_o of_o the_o ancient_a gate_n of_o the_o city_n which_o the_o bolognese_n call_v torresotti_n be_v very_o deep_o sink_v which_o be_v a_o certain_a argument_n of_o their_o antiquity_n and_o thence_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v true_a that_o history_n relate_v that_o they_o be_v build_v in_o the_o time_n of_o s._n petronius_n about_o 1200_o year_n ago_o but_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o other_o thing_n agree_v those_o be_v deep_o depress_v that_o be_v build_v in_o low_a place_n than_o those_o in_o high_a for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a so_o at_o bononia_n that_o old_a port_n call_v il_fw-fr torresotto_fw-it di_fw-it s._n georgio_n be_v deeply_o bury_v or_o land_v up_o than_o that_o which_o be_v call_v il_fw-fr torresotto_fw-it di_fw-it stra_fw-la castilione_n because_o that_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o low_a place_n and_o therefore_o the_o earth_n be_v more_o easy_o raise_v up_o about_o it_o 4._o the_o same_o be_v affirm_v by_o architect_n who_o when_o they_o dig_v their_o foundation_n do_v everywhere_o in_o plain_a place_n first_o of_o all_o remove_v the_o earth_n which_o they_o call_v commota_fw-la lose_v or_o shake_a which_o be_v mix_v with_o fragment_n of_o wood_n iron_n rubbish_n coin_n ancient_a urn_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o when_o it_o be_v throw_v out_o they_o come_v to_o another_o sort_n of_o earth_n that_o have_v never_o be_v stir_v but_o be_v solid_a compact_a and_o not_o mix_v with_o any_o heterogeneous_a thing_n especial_o artificial_a that_o move_v commota_fw-la and_o impure_a earth_n be_v it_o which_o the_o water_n have_v by_o little_a and_o little_o bring_v down_o from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o more_o depress_a place_n which_o be_v not_o everywhere_o of_o equal_a depth_n but_o now_o because_o in_o the_o mountain_n there_o be_v no_o where_o find_v such_o move_v or_o new_a earth_n as_o be_v plain_a from_o the_o experience_n of_o
that_o this_o be_v no_o idle_a and_o unnecessary_a discourse_n but_o very_o momentous_a and_o important_a and_o this_o subject_a as_o mean_a as_o it_o seem_v worthy_a the_o most_o serious_a consideration_n of_o christian_a philosopher_n and_o divine_n concern_v which_o though_o i_o have_v spend_v many_o thought_n yet_o can_v i_o not_o full_o satisfy_v myself_o much_o less_o then_o be_o i_o likely_a to_o satisfy_v other_o but_o i_o promise_v myself_o and_o they_o more_o full_a satisfaction_n short_o from_o the_o labour_n of_o those_o who_o be_v more_o conversant_a and_o better_o acquaint_v with_o these_o body_n than_o i_o who_o have_v be_v more_o industrious_a in_o search_v they_o out_o and_o happy_a in_o discover_v they_o who_o have_v be_v more_o curious_a and_o diligent_a in_o consider_v and_o compare_v they_o more_o critical_a and_o exact_a in_o observe_v and_o note_v their_o nature_n texture_n figure_n part_n place_n difference_n and_o other_o accident_n than_o myself_o and_o particular_o that_o learned_a and_o ingenious_a person_n before_o remember_v the_o follow_a table_n contain_v some_o species_n of_o the_o most_o different_a genera_n of_o these_o body_n viz._n shark_n tooth_n wolf-fish_n tooth_n cockle_n or_o concha_n periwinkle_n or_o turbens_n cornua_fw-la ammonis_fw-la or_o serpent_n stone_n sea-urchin_n and_o their_o prickle_n vertebre_n and_o other_o bone_n of_o fish_n entire_a fish_n petrify_v and_o of_o those_o some_o single_o some_o represent_v as_o they_o lie_v in_o bed_n and_o quarry_n under_o ground_n for_o the_o information_n of_o those_o who_o be_v less_o acquaint_v with_o such_o body_n be_v think_v fit_a to_o be_v add_v to_o this_o edition_n tab_n ii_o pag._n 162._o fig_n 1_o 2._o several_a fragment_n and_o lump_n of_o petrified_a shell_n as_o they_o lie_v in_o quarry_n and_o bed_n under_o ground_n on_o many_o of_o these_o petrifaction_n there_o still_o remain_v some_o laminae_fw-la or_o plate_n of_o the_o original_a shell_n which_o prove_v they_o not_o to_o be_v stone_n primary_o so_o figure_v fig_n 3._o the_o cornu_fw-la ammonis_fw-la lie_v in_o rock_n with_o other_o petrified_a body_n tab_n iii_o pag._n 162._o fig_n 1_o 2._o two_o petrified_a fish_n lie_v in_o stone_n with_o their_o seal_n and_o bone_n fig._n 3._o a_o sea-urchin_n petrify_v with_o its_o prickle_n break_v off_o which_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o lapis_n judaicus_n or_o jew-stone_n their_o insertion_n on_o the_o stud_n or_o protuberance_n of_o the_o shell_n be_v here_o show_v see_v their_o history_n and_o manner_n of_o lie_v in_o stone_n and_o bed_n in_o agostino_n scylla_n 4._o napoli_n tab_n iu_o pag._n 162._o fig_n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o 10_o 11_o 12_o 13_o 14._o several_a petrified_a tooth_n of_o dog-fish_n shark_n and_o other_o fish_n fig._n 15_o 16._o the_o same_o lie_v in_o a_o tophaceous_a bed_n and_o also_o in_o a_o jawbone_n fig._n 17._o the_o petrified_a tooth_n of_o a_o wolf-fish_n in_o a_o piece_n of_o the_o jaw_n the_o round_a one_o or_o grinder_n be_v sell_v in_o maltha_n for_o petrified_a eye_n of_o serpent_n and_o by_o our_o jeweller_n and_o goldsmith_n for_o toadstone_n common_o put_v in_o ring_n fig._n 18_o 19_o 20._o other_o petrified_a bone_n of_o fish_n especial_o joint_n or_o vertebra_n of_o back-bone_n one_o with_o two_o stony_a spines_n issue_v out_o f._n 20._o see_v they_o more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o draught_n of_o that_o curious_a sicilian_a painter_n agostino_n scylla_n place_v this_o before_o tab._n ii_o p._n 162._o the_o content_n discourse_n i._n of_o the_o primitive_a chaos_n and_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n i._o testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_a heathen_a writer_n hesiod_n ovid_n aristophanes_n lucan_n euripides_n concern_v the_o chaos_n and_o what_o they_o mean_v by_o it_o chap._n ii_o that_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n out_o of_o a_o chaos_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o holy_a scripture_n if_o sober_o understand_v p_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8._o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o separate_n the_o land_n and_o water_n and_o raise_v up_o the_o mountain_n p._n 9_o etc._n etc._n by_o what_o mean_v the_o water_n be_v gather_v together_o into_o one_o place_n and_o the_o dry_a land_n make_v to_o appear_v p._n 10._o that_o subterraneous_a fire_n and_o flatus_n may_v be_v of_o power_n sufficient_a to_o produce_v such_o a_o effect_n prove_v from_o the_o force_n and_o effect_n of_o gunpowder_n and_o the_o raise_n up_o of_o new_a mountain_n p._n 11_o 12_o 13._o the_o shake_n of_o the_o whole_a know_a world_n by_o a_o earthquake_n p._n 13_o 14._o that_o the_o mountain_n island_n and_o whole_a continent_n be_v probable_o at_o first_o raise_v up_o by_o subterraneous_a fire_n prove_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o lydiate_n and_o strabo_n p._n 15_o 16_o 17._o of_o subterraneous_a cavern_n pass_v under_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n p._n 19_o 20_o 21_o etc._n etc._n a_o discourse_n concern_v the_o equality_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o land_n both_o as_o to_o the_o extent_n of_o each_o and_o the_o height_n of_o one_o to_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o other_o take_v from_o the_o shore_n p._n 25_o 26_o 27_o 31_o 32_o 33._o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n level_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n p._n 28_o 29_o 30._o a_o discourse_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o mountain_n 35_o 36_o 37_o etc._n etc._n the_o sum_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o the_o division_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o water_n and_o earth_n p._n 44._o chap._n iu._n of_o the_o creation_n of_o animal_n some_o question_n concern_v they_o resolve_v p._n 46._o that_o god_n almighty_n do_v at_o first_o create_v either_o the_o seed_n of_o all_o animate_v body_n and_o disperse_v they_o all_o the_o earth_n over_o or_o else_o the_o first_o sett_n of_o animal_n themselves_o in_o their_o full_a state_n and_o perfection_n give_v each_o species_n a_o power_n by_o generation_n to_o propagate_v their_o like_a p._n 46_o 47._o whether_o god_n at_o first_o create_v a_o great_a number_n of_o each_o species_n or_o only_o two_o a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a p._n 47_o 48._o whether_o all_o individual_a animal_n which_o already_o have_v be_v and_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v be_v at_o first_o actual_o create_v by_o god_n or_o only_o the_o first_o sett_n of_o each_o species_n the_o rest_n proceed_v from_o they_o by_o way_n of_o generation_n and_o be_v a_o new_a produce_v p._n 49_o 50_o 51_o etc._n etc._n objection_n against_o the_o first_o part_n answer_v 1._o that_o it_o seem_v impossible_a that_o the_o ovary_n of_o the_o first_o animal_n shall_v actual_o include_v the_o innumerable_a myriad_n of_o those_o that_o may_v proceed_v from_o they_o in_o so_o many_o generation_n as_o have_v be_v and_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n this_o show_v not_o to_o be_v so_o incredible_a from_o the_o multitude_n of_o part_n into_o which_o matter_n may_v be_v and_o be_v divide_v in_o many_o experiment_n p._n 51_o 52_o 53_o 54._o etc._n etc._n 2._o if_o all_o the_o member_n of_o animal_n already_o form_v do_v pray_fw-mi exist_v in_o the_o egg_n how_o can_v the_o imagination_n of_o the_o mother_n change_v the_o shape_n and_o that_o so_o notorious_o sometime_o as_o to_o produce_v a_o calve's-head_n or_o dog's-face_n or_o the_o like_a monstrous_a member_n several_a answer_n to_o thus_o objection_n offer_v p._n 57_o 58_o 59_o discourse_n ii_o of_o the_o general_n deluge_n in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n its_o cause_n and_o effect_n p._n 62._o chap._n i._o testimony_n of_o ancient_a heathen_a writer_n and_o some_o ancient_a coin_n or_o medal_n verify_v the_o scripture-history_n of_o the_o deluge_n p._n 63_o 64_o 65_o 66._o that_o the_o ancient_a poet_n and_o mythologist_n by_o deucalion_n understand_v noah_n and_o by_o deucalion_n flood_n the_o general_n deluge_n prove_v 66_o 67_o 68_o 69._o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o general_n deluge_n 70_o 1._o a_o miraculous_a transmutation_n of_o air_n into_o water_n reject_v 70_o 71_o 72._o that_o noah_n flood_n be_v not_o topical_a 73._o 2_o &_o 3_o the_o emotion_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o a_o violent_a depression_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o ocean_n the_o most_o probable_a partial_a cause_n of_o the_o deluge_n but_o the_o immediate_a cause_n assign_v by_o the_o scripture_n be_v the_o break_n up_o of_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a deep_a and_o the_o open_n of_o the_o window_n of_o heaven_n 73._o that_o those_o cause_n be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v a_o deluge_n grant_v a_o change_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o prevent_v the_o water_n run_v off_o 73_o 74_o 75._o that_o all_o the_o vapour_n suspend_v in_o the_o air_n may_v contribute_v much_o towards_o a_o flood_n ibid._n concern_v the_o expense_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o vapour_n 76_o 77_o 78_o etc._n etc._n of_o the_o water_n keep_v its_o level_n a_o
objection_n concern_v a_o under-current_n at_o the_o proponâ—is_n the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n and_o the_o baltic_a sound_n propose_v and_o reply_v to_o 81_o 82_o 83_o 84._o concern_v the_o break_n up_o of_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a deep_a and_o how_o the_o water_n may_v be_v make_v to_o 〈◊〉_d 84_o 15._o the_o inferior_a circulation_n and_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o water_n disapprove_v 86_o etc._n etc._n that_o the_o continent_n and_o island_n be_v so_o equal_o disperse_v all_o the_o world_n over_o as_o to_o counterbalance_v one_o another_o so_o that_o the_o centre_n of_o motion_n gravity_n and_o magnitude_n concur_v in_o one_o 87_o 88_o a_o occasional_a discourse_n concern_v the_o original_a of_o fountain_n 89_o 90_o etc._n etc._n to_o 116._o that_o the_o preponderancy_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o water_n lie_v on_o a_o heap_n in_o the_o opposite_a hemisphere_n can_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o water_n ascent_n in_o spring_n prove_v 86_o 88_o 89._o that_o rain_n and_o snow_n may_v suffice_v to_o feed_v the_o spring_n and_o do_v feed_v the_o ordinary_a one_o prove_v 89_o 90_o 91._o that_o the_o rain-water_n sink_v down_o and_o make_v its_o way_n into_o the_o earth_n more_o than_o ten_o or_o twenty_o or_o forty_o or_o even_o a_o hundred_o foot_n prove_v by_o many_o argument_n and_o experiment_n 92._o 93_o 94_o etc._n etc._n mr._n halley_n opinion_n that_o spring_n and_o river_n owe_v their_o original_a to_o vapour_n condense_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o not_o unto_o rain_n propound_v and_o approve_v in_o great_a part_n as_o to_o hot_a country_n though_o rains_n even_o there_o not_o whole_o exclude_v p._n 98_o 99_o etc._n etc._n but_o disallow_v as_o to_o the_o more_o temperate_a and_o cold_a one_o yet_o even_o there_o the_o vapour_n grant_v to_o have_v a_o good_a interest_n in_o their_o production_n 101_o 102_o etc._n etc._n to_o 116._o observation_n communicate_v by_o dr._n tancr_n robinson_n concern_v the_o original_a of_o fountain_n drop_v tree_n etc._n etc._n in_o confirmation_n in_o part_n of_o mr._n halley_n opinion_n 110_o 111._o a_o experiment_n of_o my_o own_o in_o confirmation_n of_o the_o history_n of_o drop_v or_o fountain-tree_n 113._o inference_n upon_o the_o supposition_n of_o the_o river_n pour_v into_o the_o sea_n half_a a_o ocean_n of_o water_n daily_o 117_o 118_o etc._n etc._n the_o most_o probable_a cause_n of_o the_o deluge_n viz._n the_o emotion_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o a_o extraordinary_a depression_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n 121_o 122_o 123._o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o deluge_n in_o general_n p._n 125._o 126._o chap._n iu._n of_o form_v stone_n sea-shell_n and_o other_o marine_a or_o marine-like_a body_n find_v at_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o shore_n suppose_v to_o have_v be_v bring_v in_o by_o the_o deluge_n p._n 127._o wherein_o be_v treat_v at_o large_a concern_v the_o nature_n and_o original_a of_o these_o body_n and_o that_o great_a question_n whether_o they_o be_v original_o the_o real_a shell_n and_o bone_n of_o fish_n or_o stone_n cast_v in_o such_o mould_v or_o whether_o they_o be_v primitive_a production_n of_o nature_n in_o imitation_n only_o of_o such_o shell_n and_o bone_n not_o owe_v their_o figure_n to_o they_o large_o discuss_v the_o argument_n on_o both_o side_n produce_v and_o weigh_v 127_o 128_o etc._n etc._n to_o 162._o chap._n v._o that_o there_o have_v be_v great_a change_n make_v in_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n since_o the_o general_n deluge_n and_o by_o what_o mean_n 163_o etc._n etc._n as_o for_o instance_n the_o submersion_n of_o the_o great_a island_n of_o atlantis_n 163._o the_o break_v off_o sicily_n from_o italy_n ceylon_n from_o india_n sumatra_n from_o malacca_n 164_o of_o britain_n from_o france_n prove_v out_o of_o verstegan_n 165_o of_o barbary_n from_o spain_n of_o asia_n from_o thrace_n 166_o 167._o the_o raise_n up_o of_o new_a island_n 167_o 168._o the_o atteration_n of_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o sea_n instance_n whereof_o be_v 1._o the_o dutch_a netherlands_o prove_v out_o of_o verstegan_n by_o sufficient_a argument_n to_o have_v be_v ancient_o cover_v by_o the_o sea_n 2._o the_o great_a level_n of_o the_o fen_n run_v through_o holland_n in_o lincolnshire_n the_o isle_n of_o ely_n in_o cambridgeshire_n and_o marshland_n in_o norfolk_n 3._o the_o craux_n in_o provence_n in_o france_n 4._o the_o whole_a land_n of_o egypt_n 5._o probably_n all_o china_n with_o many_o other_o brief_o mention_v 168_o 169_o etc._n etc._n to_o 174._o the_o submersion_n of_o the_o land_n by_o the_o eruption_n and_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n several_a instance_n thereof_o 175_o 176_o 177._o change_n by_o the_o encroachment_n of_o the_o sea_n undermine_v the_o shore_n and_o wash_v they_o away_o and_o again_o let_v the_o earth_n so_o wash_v away_o to_o settle_v not_o far_o from_o the_o shore_n and_o so_o raise_v up_o island_n 178_o 179._o change_n by_o the_o depression_n and_o sink_v of_o the_o mountain_n the_o earth_n be_v wash_v down_o by_o shot_n of_o rain_n rivers_n and_o subterraneous_a water_n these_o so_o great_a and_o considerable_a as_o to_o endanger_v in_o conclusion_n the_o submersion_n of_o the_o whole_a dry_a land_n unless_o some_o stop_v be_v put_v p._n 179_o 180_o 181._o change_n make_v by_o earthquake_n of_o which_o many_o instance_n out_o of_o strabo_n pliny_n and_o other_o be_v produce_v 181_o 182_o etc._n etc._n a_o particular_a narrative_n and_o account_n of_o the_o late_a terrible_a earthquake_n in_o jamaica_n with_o remark_n and_o observation_n natural_a and_o moral_a upon_o it_o 186_o 187_o etc._n etc._n to_o 194._o a_o occasional_a discourse_n concern_v the_o nature_n cause_n and_o difference_n of_o earthquake_n 194_o 195_o etc._n etc._n to_o 206._o a_o particular_a account_n of_o the_o late_a remarkable_a and_o far-extended_n earthquake_n which_o happen_v here_o with_o we_o in_o england_n and_o in_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n upon_o septemb_n 8._o 1692._o 209_o 210_o etc._n etc._n to_o 216._o of_o extraordinary_a flood_n cause_v by_o long_o continue_v shower_n or_o violent_a storm_n and_o shot_n of_o rain_n 221_o 222_o etc._n etc._n of_o boisterous_a and_o violent_a wind_n and_o hurricans_n what_o interest_n they_o have_v in_o the_o change_v wrought_v in_o the_o earth_n 225_o 226_o 227_o 228._o that_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o proceed_v so_o fast_o towards_o â—_o general_a inundation_n and_o submersion_n by_o water_n as_o the_o force_n and_o agency_n of_o all_o these_o cause_n seem_v to_o require_v 229._o discourse_n iii_o of_o the_o future_a dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o general_n conslagration_n the_o introduction_n be_v a_o discourse_n concern_v prophecy_n 231_o 232_o etc._n etc._n chap._n i._n the_o division_n of_o the_o word_n 2_o peter_n 3._o 1._o and_o the_o doctrine_n contain_v in_o they_o with_o the_o head_n of_o the_o follow_a discourse_n viz._n i._n testimony_n concern_v the_o dissolution_n 1._o of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n 2._o of_o ancient_a christian_a writer_n 3._o of_o heathen_a philosopher_n and_o sage_n ii_o seven_o question_n concern_v the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n propose_v chap._n ii_o the_o testimony_n of_o scripture_n concern_v the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n and_o dr._n hammond_n exposition_n refer_v the_o most_o of_o they_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o city_n and_o temple_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o the_o period_n of_o the_o jewish_a state_n and_o polity_n consider_v and_o plead_v for_o 240_o 241_o etc._n etc._n to_o 258._o chap._n iii_o testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_a father_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o church_n concern_v the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n 258_o 259_o etc._n etc._n to_o 264._o chap._n iu._n the_o testimony_n of_o some_o heathen_a philosopher_n and_o other_o writer_n concern_v the_o dissolution_n the_o epicurean_o 264_o the_o stoic_n 265_o etc._n etc._n who_o hold_v certain_a period_n of_o inâ—â—olation_n and_o conflagration_n 267_o 268._o that_o this_o opinion_n of_o a_o 〈◊〉_d conflagration_n be_v of_o far_o great_a antiquity_n than_o that_o sect_n prove_v 272._o chap._n v._o the_o first_o question_n concern_v the_o world_n dissolution_n whether_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o nature_n that_o may_v probable_o cause_v or_o argue_v a_o future_a dissolution_n four_o probable_a mean_n propound_v and_o discuss_v 277._o sect._n 1_o the_o first_o be_v the_o probability_n of_o the_o water_n natural_o return_v to_o overflow_v and_o cover_v the_o earth_n 277._o the_o old_a argument_n from_o the_o world_n dissolution_n take_v from_o we_o daily_a consenescency_n and_o decay_n reject_v 278._o the_o necessity_n of_o such_o a_o prevail_a of_o the_o water_n daily_o upon_o the_o dry_a land_n till_o at_o last_o it_o proceed_v to_o a_o total_a submersion_n of_o it_o in_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n as_o thing_n now_o stand_v unless_o
the_o sea_n at_o the_o island_n of_o lipara_n be_v boil_v hot_a and_o some_o ship_n be_v burn_v most_o of_o the_o seaman_n be_v stifle_v with_o the_o vapour_n beside_o it_o disperse_v abroad_o a_o power_n of_o dead_a fish_n which_o the_o liparensians_n greedy_o gaâ—â—ering_v up_o and_o eat_v be_v consume_v with_o a_o contagious_a disease_n in_o their_o belly_n so_o that_o the_o island_n be_v waste_v with_o a_o new_a sort_n of_o pestiiâ—â—ce_n and_o father_n kircher_n the_o jesuit_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o mundus_fw-la subterraneus_fw-la give_v a_o relation_n of_o a_o earthquake_n which_o shake_v a_o great_a part_n of_o calabria_n and_o make_v notable_a devastation_n there_o which_o himself_o see_v and_o be_v in_o anno_fw-la 1638._o clear_o demonstrate_v that_o aetna_n stromboli_n and_o the_o mountain_n of_o calabria_n do_v communicate_v by_o vault_n and_o cavern_n pass_v under_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n i_o shall_v insert_v but_o one_o passage_n out_o of_o he_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o forequote_v preface_n for_o the_o rest_n hisce_fw-la calamitatibus_fw-la say_v he_o dum_fw-la jactamur_fw-la ego_fw-la curiosiùs_fw-la intuitus_fw-la strongylum_fw-la 60_o ferè_fw-la milliarium_fw-la intercapedine_fw-la dissitum_fw-la illum_fw-la insolito_fw-la modo_fw-la furere_fw-la notavi_fw-la etc._n etc._n i.e._n while_o we_o be_v toss_v with_o these_o calamity_n i_o behold_v curious_o the_o island_n stromboli_n about_o 60_o mile_n distant_a observe_v it_o to_o rage_n after_o a_o unusual_a manner_n for_o it_o appear_v all_o fill_v with_o fire_n in_o such_o plenty_n that_o it_o seem_v to_o cast_v forth_o mountain_n of_o flame_n a_o spectacle_n horrid_a to_o behold_v and_o formidable_a to_o the_o most_o undaunted_a spirit_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a sound_n perceive_v as_o it_o be_v of_o thunder_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a distance_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v somewhat_o obscure_a which_o by_o degree_n proceed_v forward_o in_o the_o subterraneous_a conduit_n grow_v great_a and_o great_a till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o place_n just_a underneath_o we_o they_o be_v at_o lopez_n by_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o shake_v the_o earth_n with_o such_o a_o roar_a or_o murmur_n and_o fury_n that_o be_v not_o able_a to_o stand_v any_o long_o upon_o our_o leg_n we_o be_v force_v to_o support_v ourselves_o to_o catch_v hold_n upon_o any_o shrub_n or_o twig_n that_o be_v near_o we_o lest_o our_o limb_n shall_v be_v put_v out_o of_o joint_n by_o too_o much_o shake_v and_o concussion_n at_o which_o time_n happen_v a_o thing_n worthy_a of_o immortal_a and_o eternal_a memory_n viz._n the_o subversion_n of_o the_o famous_a town_n of_o s._n eusemia_n which_o he_o go_v about_o to_o relate_v as_o for_o vesuvius_n if_o that_o be_v not_o hollow_o down_o to_o the_o very_a root_n and_o foundation_n of_o it_o how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o its_o deflagration_n it_o shall_v vomit_v out_o such_o stood_n of_o boil_a water_n as_o if_o we_o have_v not_o read_v of_o they_o in_o history_n and_o be_v tell_v so_o by_o our_o guide_n when_o we_o ascend_v that_o mountain_n we_o must_v needs_o have_v perceive_v ourselves_o by_o the_o mighty_a gull_n and_o channel_n in_o the_o side_n thereof_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o near_o the_o top_n so_o spongy_a and_o dry_a that_o it_o be_v more_o likely_a to_o imbibe_n then_o to_o cast_v off_o much_o rain_n in_o the_o winter_n time_n and_o again_o what_o cause_v the_o sea_n to_o recede_v at_o those_o time_n and_o that_o to_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n that_o the_o galley_n have_v be_v lay_v dry_a in_o the_o very_a haven_n of_o naples_n howbeit_o i_o can_v positive_o assert_v the_o mountain_n thus_o to_o have_v be_v raise_v but_o yet_o whether_o without_o mean_n or_o by_o whatsoever_o mean_v it_o be_v a_o receptacle_n for_o the_o water_n be_v prepare_v and_o the_o dry_a land_n and_o mountain_n elevate_v so_o as_o to_o cast_v off_o the_o water_n on_o the_o three_o day_n and_o which_o be_v wonderful_a the_o cavity_n make_v to_o receive_v the_o water_n and_o the_o whole_a terra_fw-la firma_fw-la or_o dry_a land_n with_o its_o mountain_n be_v so_o proportion_v one_o to_o the_o other_o as_o that_o the_o one_o be_v as_o much_o depress_v below_o the_o shore_n as_o the_o other_o be_v elevate_v above_o they_o and_o as_o if_o the_o one_o have_v be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o other_o the_o sea_n with_o all_o its_o creek_n and_o bay_n and_o inlet_n and_o other_o appendant_o be_v make_v and_o be_v very_o near_o equal_a to_o the_o whole_a dry_a land_n with_o its_o promontory_n and_o mountain_n if_o not_o in_o superficies_n yet_o in_o bulk_n or_o dimension_n though_o some_o think_v in_o both_o which_o equality_n be_v still_o constant_o maintain_v notwithstanding_o all_o inundation_n of_o land_n and_o atteration_n of_o sea_n because_o one_o of_o these_o do_v always_o near_o balance_v the_o other_o according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a proverb_n we_o have_v before_o mention_v what_o the_o sea_n lose_v in_o one_o place_n it_o gain_v in_o another_o if_o any_o shall_v demand_v how_o the_o sea_n come_v to_o be_v gradual_o depress_v and_o deep_a about_o the_o middle_a part_n whereas_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o be_v in_o all_o likelihood_n equal_a while_o the_o water_n cover_v the_o whole_a earth_n i_o answer_v the_o same_o cause_n that_o raise_v up_o the_o earth_n whether_o a_o subterraneous_a fire_n or_o status_fw-la raise_v up_o also_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o ascent_n gradual_o decrease_v to_o the_o middle_a part_n where_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o gravity_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n the_o bottom_n be_v not_o elevate_v at_o all_o for_o the_o enclose_a fire_n in_o those_o part_n where_o its_o first_o accension_n or_o great_a strength_n be_v raise_v up_o the_o earth_n first_o and_o cast_v off_o the_o water_n and_o thence_o spread_v by_o degree_n still_o elevate_v the_o land_n and_o drive_v the_o water_n further_o and_o further_o till_o at_o length_n the_o weight_n of_o they_o be_v too_o great_a to_o be_v raise_v and_o then_o the_o fire_n break_v forth_o at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n where_o it_o find_v least_o resistance_n and_o disperse_v itself_o in_o the_o open_a air._n the_o water_n also_o where_o they_o find_v the_o bottom_n sandy_a or_o yield_v make_v their_o way_n into_o all_o those_o cavity_n the_o fire_n have_v make_v and_o leave_v fill_v they_o up_o as_o high_a as_o the_o level_n of_o the_o ocean_n neither_o let_v any_o man_n imagine_v that_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o water_n be_v too_o soft_a and_o muddy_a to_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n raise_v by_o subterraneous_a fire_n for_o i_o have_v show_v before_o that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v so_o saddened_a and_o harden_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n that_o the_o highway_n beat_v continual_o by_o horse_n and_o carriage_n be_v not_o more_o firm_a and_o solid_a but_o omit_v this_o which_o be_v only_o a_o conjecture_n i_o shall_v discourse_v a_o little_a more_o concern_v the_o equality_n of_o sea_n and_o land_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o some_o that_o where_o there_o be_v high_a cliff_n or_o down_n along_o the_o shore_n there_o the_o sea_n adjoin_v be_v deep_a and_o where_o there_o be_v low_a and_o level_a ground_n it_o be_v shallow_a the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n answer_v to_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o earth_n above_o it_o and_o as_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o shore_n be_v gradual_o high_a and_o high_o to_o the_o middle_n and_o part_n most_o remote_a from_o the_o sea_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o river_n they_o require_v a_o constant_a declivity_n to_o carry_v they_o down_o so_o the_o sea_n likewise_o be_v proportionable_o deep_a and_o deep_o from_o the_o shore_n to_o the_o middle_n so_o that_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o shore_n to_o the_o midland_n be_v answerable_a to_o the_o descent_n or_o declivity_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o same_o shore_n to_o the_o mid-sea_n this_o rise_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o shore_n gradual_o to_o the_o midland_n be_v so_o considerable_a that_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a the_o altitude_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o those_o midland_n part_n above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v great_a than_o that_o of_o the_o mountain_n above_o the_o leave_n of_o the_o adjacent_a land_n to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o hill_n above_o the_o common_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v answer_v in_o brerewood_n opinion_n the_o extraordinary_a depht_n or_o whirlpool_n that_o be_v find_v in_o the_o sea_n descend_v beneath_o the_o ordinary_a bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o hill_n ascend_v above_o the_o ordinary_a face_n of_o the_o land_n but_o this_o be_v but_o a_o conjecture_n of_o
foundation_n and_o by_o time_n and_o weather_n too_o by_o which_o not_o only_o the_o earth_n be_v wash_v away_o or_o blow_v off_o from_o the_o stone_n but_o the_o very_a stone_n and_o rock_n themselves_o corrode_v and_o dissolve_v as_o may_v easy_o be_v prove_v by_o instance_n can_v i_o spare_v time_n to_o do_v it_o to_o sum_v up_o all_o relate_n to_o the_o division_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o water_n and_o earth_n in_o brief_a 1._o i_o say_v the_o water_n be_v the_o light_a element_n do_v natural_o occupy_v the_o upper_a place_n and_o stand_v above_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o at_o first_o it_o do_v but_o now_o we_o see_v it_o do_v not_o so_o the_o earth_n be_v contrary_a to_o its_o nature_n forcible_o elevate_v above_o it_o be_v as_o the_o psalmist_n phrase_v it_o found_v above_o the_o sea_n and_o establish_v above_o the_o flood_n and_o this_o because_o it_o be_v best_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o as_o i_o shall_v clear_o prove_v and_o deduce_v in_o particular_n in_o another_o discourse_n 2._o the_o dry_a land_n be_v not_o elevate_v only_o upon_o one_o side_n of_o the_o globe_n for_o than_o have_v it_o have_v high_a mountain_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o with_o such_o vast_a empty_a cavity_n within_o as_o must_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o whole_a bulk_n raise_v up_o the_o centre_n of_o magnitude_n must_v needs_o have_v be_v considerable_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o gravity_n which_o will_v have_v cause_v a_o very_a great_a and_o inconvenient_a inequality_n in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o continent_n and_o island_n be_v so_o equal_o disperse_v all_o the_o globe_n over_o as_o to_o counterbalance_v one_o another_o so_o that_o the_o centre_n of_o magnitude_n and_o gravity_n concur_v in_o one_o 3._o the_o continent_n be_v not_o of_o exact_o equal_a and_o level_a superficies_n or_o convexity_n for_o then_o the_o part_n subject_n to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n call_v the_o torrid_a zone_n will_v have_v be_v as_o the_o ancient_n fancy_v they_o unhabitable_a for_o heat_n and_o drought_n but_o there_o be_v huge_a ridge_n and_o extend_a chain_n of_o lofty_a mountain_n direct_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o run_v east_n and_o west_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o give_v free_a admittance_n and_o passage_n to_o the_o vapour_n bring_v in_o by_o the_o wind_n from_o the_o atlantic_a and_o pacifick_n ocean_n but_o stop_v and_o inhibit_v their_o excursion_n to_o the_o north_n and_o south_n either_o condense_v they_o upon_o their_o side_n into_o water_n by_o a_o kind_n of_o external_a distillation_n or_o by_o streightening_n and_o constipate_v of_o they_o compel_v they_o to_o gather_v into_o drop_n and_o descend_v down_o in_o rain_n these_o be_v great_a thing_n and_o worthy_a the_o care_n direction_n and_o disposal_n of_o the_o great_a and_o wise_a creator_n and_o governor_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o we_o see_v they_o be_v according_o excellent_o order_v and_o provide_v by_o he_o chap._n iu._n of_o the_o creation_n of_o animal_n some_o question_n resolve_v as_o to_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o animal_n i_o have_v already_o propose_v two_o opinion_n both_o consonant_n or_o reconcileable_a to_o the_o scripture_n 1._o that_o god_n almighty_n do_v at_o first_o create_v the_o seed_n of_o all_o animal_n that_o be_v the_o animal_n themselves_o in_o little_a and_o disperse_v they_o over_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o land_n and_o water_n give_v power_n to_o those_o element_n to_o hatch_v and_o bring_v they_o forth_o which_o when_o they_o have_v do_v and_o all_o the_o animal_n of_o these_o create_a seed_n be_v produce_v and_o perfect_v there_o remain_v no_o more_o ability_n in_o they_o to_o bring_v forth_o any_o more_o but_o all_o the_o succeed_a owe_v their_o original_a to_o generation_n 2._o because_o some_o will_v not_o admit_v that_o god_n at_o first_o create_v any_o thing_n imperfect_a we_o do_v propose_v that_o he_o may_v by_o his_o almighty_a power_n out_o of_o the_o water_n and_o earth_n make_v the_o first_o set_v of_o animal_n in_o their_o full_a state_n and_o perfection_n as_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v he_o do_v adam_n and_o give_v to_o each_o species_n a_o power_n by_o generation_n to_o propagate_v their_o like_a for_o his_o command_v the_o water_n and_o earth_n to_o produce_v such_o and_o such_o live_a creature_n signify_v that_o he_o do_v himself_o efficacious_o form_v they_o out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n as_o when_o he_o say_v let_v there_o be_v light_n etc._n etc._n the_o meaning_n be_v not_o that_o he_o do_v permit_v or_o command_v something_o else_o beside_o himself_o to_o produce_v light_n but_o that_o he_o do_v by_o his_o own_o almighty_a power_n effectual_o create_v it_o indeed_o the_o scripture_n do_v in_o this_o manner_n interpret_v itself_o for_o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v verse_n 20._o and_o 24._o let_v the_o water_n bring_v forth_o etc._n etc._n and_o let_v the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o the_o live_a creature_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o next_o verse_n it_o follow_v and_o god_n create_v great_a whale_n and_o every_o live_a creature_n that_o move_v etc._n etc._n and_o god_n make_v the_o beast_n of_o teh_a earth_n etc._n etc._n but_o now_o there_o may_v a_o further_a question_n or_o two_o be_v move_v concern_v the_o creation_n of_o animal_n 1._o whether_o god_n create_v at_o first_o a_o great_a number_n of_o every_o kind_n of_o animal_n all_o the_o earth_n over_o in_o their_o proper_a place_n and_o climate_n or_o only_o two_o of_o each_o species_n a_o male_a and_o a_o female_a from_o which_o all_o the_o rest_n proceed_v by_o generation_n this_o latter_a opinion_n i_o find_v embrace_v by_o some_o modern_a philosopher_n and_o it_o may_v be_v make_v probable_a by_o several_a argument_n first_o from_o the_o analogy_n to_o mankind_n there_o be_v at_o first_o only_o one_o man_n and_o one_o woman_n create_v it_o be_v very_o likely_a there_o be_v no_o more_o of_o any_o other_o creature_n two_o be_v sufficient_a in_o a_o short_a time_n to_o stock_n the_o world_n second_o because_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o general_n deluge_n there_o be_v only_o two_o of_o each_o kind_n of_o unclean_a beast_n preserve_v in_o the_o ark_n and_o if_o two_o may_v then_o suffice_v why_o not_o as_o well_o at_o the_o first_o creation_n and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o create_v more_o what_o likelihood_n that_o there_o be_v more_o create_v but_o the_o first_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v many_o at_o first_o create_v seem_v more_o consonant_a to_o scripture_n which_o in_o the_o mention_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o aquatic_a creature_n use_v the_o word_n abundant_o gen._n 1._o 20._o and_o god_n say_v let_v the_o water_n bring_v forth_o abundant_o the_o move_a creature_n that_o have_v life_n and_o fowl_n that_o may_v fly_v above_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o open_a firmament_n of_o heaven_n and_o in_o the_o next_o verse_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o water_n do_v bring_v they_o forth_o abundant_o so_o that_o at_o least_o of_o bird_n and_o fish_n there_o be_v many_o individual_n at_o first_o create_v as_o for_o plant_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v create_v dispersedly_z all_o the_o world_n over_o they_o have_v no_o locomotive_a power_n but_o be_v fix_v to_o a_o place_n and_o the_o seed_n of_o many_o of_o they_o be_v ponderous_a and_o not_o portable_a by_o wind_n or_o any_o other_o mean_n and_o yet_o those_o of_o the_o same_o species_n to_o be_v find_v in_o far_o distant_a place_n and_o on_o the_o top_n of_o high_a mountain_n as_o remote_a from_o each_o other_o as_o the_o helvetick_n and_o austrian_a alps._n 2._o concern_v the_o creation_n of_o animal_n there_o may_v yet_o a_o further_a question_n be_v move_v viz._n whether_o all_o animal_n that_o already_o have_v be_v or_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v be_v at_o first_o actual_o create_v by_o god_n or_o whether_o have_v he_o give_v to_o each_o kind_n of_o animal_n such_o a_o power_n of_o generation_n as_o to_o prepare_v matter_n and_o produce_v new_a individual_n in_o their_o own_o body_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o god_n do_v himself_o at_o first_o actual_o create_v all_o the_o individual_a animal_n that_o ever_o be_v or_o ever_o shall_v be_v and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o any_o production_n of_o new_a one_o for_o say_v they_o what_o be_v that_o but_o a_o creation_n of_o such_o individual_n and_o what_o do_v god_n at_o the_o first_o creation_n more_o than_o if_o this_o be_v true_a we_o see_v every_o day_n do_v that_o be_v produce_v a_o new_a animal_n out_o of_o matter_n which_o itself_o prepare_v all_o the_o difference_n be_v the_o do_v that_o in_o a_o instant_n which_o the_o creature_n must_v take_v time_n to_o do_v for_o as_o for_o the_o preparation_n of_o matter_n that_o must_v be_v make_v fit_a be_v the_o
loss_n of_o a_o multitude_n i_o may_v say_v infinity_n of_o they_o which_o seem_v not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o wisdom_n and_o providence_n of_o nature_n for_o suppose_v every_o male_n have_v in_o he_o all_o the_o animalcules_n that_o he_o shall_v or_o may_v eject_v they_o may_v for_o aught_o i_o know_v amount_v to_o million_o of_o million_o and_o so_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v lose_v nay_o if_o we_o take_v but_o one_o coit_n there_o must_v in_o uniparous_a creature_n at_o least_o abundance_n be_v lose_v but_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o foetus_fw-la to_o be_v original_o in_o the_o egg_n it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o the_o egg_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o creature_n be_v so_o proportion_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o animal_n the_o time_n that_o they_o live_v the_o time_n and_o number_n of_o their_o gestation_n and_o the_o number_n they_o bring_v forth_o at_o all_o time_n that_o they_o will_v much_o about_o suffice_v for_o the_o time_n the_o creature_n be_v fit_a to_o breed_v and_o nourish_v their_o young_a so_o that_o they_o may_v if_o need_v be_v be_v all_o bring_v forth_o and_o come_v to_o perfection_n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o discourse_n discourse_n ii_o of_o the_o general_a deluge_n in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n its_o cause_n and_o effect_n i_o proceed_v now_o to_o say_v something_o concern_v the_o general_n deluge_n in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n which_o be_v also_o a_o matter_n of_o ancient_a tradition_n i_o shall_v not_o enlarge_v much_o upon_o it_o so_o as_o to_o take_v in_o all_o that_o may_v be_v say_v but_o confine_v myself_o to_o three_o head_n 1._o i_o shall_v confirm_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o deluge_n record_v in_o the_o scripture_n by_o the_o testimony_n of_o some_o ancient_a heathen_a writer_n 2._o i_o shall_v consider_v the_o natural_a cause_n or_o mean_n whereby_o it_o be_v effect_v 3._o i_o shall_v inquire_v concern_v the_o consequence_n of_o it_o what_o considerable_a effect_n it_o have_v upon_o the_o earth_n chap._n i._n testimony_n of_o ancient_a heathen_a writer_n concern_v the_o deluge_n first_o then_o i_o shall_v produce_v some_o testimony_n of_o ancient_a heathen_a writer_n concern_v the_o deluge_n the_o first_o shall_v be_v that_o of_o berosus_n record_v by_o josephus_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n of_o jewish_a antiquity_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n that_o be_v berosus_n the_o chaldaean_n relate_v the_o story_n of_o the_o deluge_n write_v thus_o it_o be_v report_v that_o there_o be_v some_o part_n of_o the_o vessel_n the_o ark_n still_o remain_v at_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o gordyaean_n and_o that_o certain_a person_n scrape_v off_o the_o bitumen_n or_o pitch_n carry_v it_o away_o and_o that_o man_n make_v use_v of_o it_o for_o annulet_n to_o drive_v away_o disease_n a_o second_o testimony_n the_o same_o josephus_n afford_v we_o in_o the_o same_o place_n and_o that_o be_v of_o nicolaus_n damascenus_n who_o say_v he_o give_v we_o the_o history_n of_o the_o ark_n and_o deluge_n in_o these_o word_n about_o minyas_n in_o armenia_n there_o be_v a_o great_a mountain_n call_v baris_n to_o which_o it_o be_v report_v that_o many_o fly_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n be_v save_v and_o that_o a_o certain_a person_n be_v carry_v thither_o in_o a_o ark_n which_o rest_v on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o the_o relic_n of_o the_o timber_n whereof_o be_v preserve_v there_o a_o long_a time_n beside_o these_o josephus_n tell_v we_o in_o the_o same_o place_n that_o hieronymus_n the_o egyptian_a who_o write_v the_o phoenician_n antiquity_n and_o mnaseas_n and_o many_o other_o who_o word_n he_o allege_v not_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o flood_n eusebius_n superadd_v two_o testimony_n more_o the_o one_o of_o melon_n to_o this_o effect_n there_o depart_v from_o armenia_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n a_o certain_a man_n who_o together_o with_o his_o son_n have_v be_v save_v who_o be_v cast_v out_o of_o his_o house_n and_o possession_n be_v drive_v away_o by_o the_o native_n this_o man_n pass_v over_o the_o intermediate_v region_n come_v into_o the_o mountainous_a part_n of_o syria_n that_o be_v then_o desolate_a this_o testimony_n make_v the_o deluge_n topical_a and_o not_o to_o have_v reach_v armenia_n the_o other_o be_v of_o abydenus_n a_o ancient_a writer_n set_v down_o by_o eusebius_n praepar_n evangel_n lib._n 9_o cap._n 4._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n after_o who_o other_o reign_v and_o then_o siâ—ithrus_n so_o he_o call_v noah_n to_o who_o saturn_n foretell_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o great_a flood_n of_o water_n upon_o the_o fifteen_o day_n of_o the_o month_n desius_n and_o command_v he_o to_o hide_v all_o write_n or_o whatever_o be_v commit_v to_o writing_n in_o heliopolis_n of_o the_o sypparians_n which_o so_o soon_o as_o sisithrus_n have_v perform_v he_o present_o sail_v away_o to_o armenia_n where_o what_o god_n have_v predict_v to_o he_o immediate_o come_v to_o pass_v or_o come_v upon_o he_o the_o three_o day_n after_o the_o water_n cease_v he_o send_v forth_o bird_n that_o he_o may_v try_v whether_o they_o can_v espy_v any_o land_n uncover_v of_o water_n but_o they_o find_v nothing_o but_o sea_n and_o not_o know_v whither_o to_o betake_v themselves_o return_v back_o to_o sisithrus_n in_o like_a manner_n after_o some_o day_n he_o send_v out_o other_o with_o like_a success_n but_o be_v send_v out_o the_o three_o time_n they_o return_v with_o their_o foot_n foul_v with_o mud._n then_o the_o god_n catch_v up_o sisithrus_n from_o among_o man_n but_o the_o ship_n remain_v in_o armenia_n and_o its_o wood_n afford_v the_o inhabitant_n amulet_n to_o chase_v away_o many_o disease_n these_o history_n accord_v with_o the_o scripture_n as_o to_o the_o main_a of_o the_o be_v of_o a_o 〈…〉_z noah_n escape_v out_o of_o it_o only_o 〈…〉_z the_o truth_n by_o the_o admixture_n 〈…〉_z â—abulous_a stuff_n 〈…〉_z first_o book_n against_o julian_n to_o 〈◊〉_d deluge_n allege_v a_o passage_n out_o of_o alexander_n polyhistor_n plato_n himself_o say_v he_o give_v we_o a_o obscure_a intimation_n of_o the_o deluge_n in_o his_o timaeus_n bring_v in_o a_o certain_a egyptian_a priest_n who_o relate_v to_o solon_n out_o of_o the_o sacred_a book_n of_o the_o egyptian_n that_o before_o the_o particular_a deluge_n know_v and_o celebrate_v by_o the_o grecian_n there_o be_v of_o old_a a_o exceed_o great_a inundation_n of_o water_n and_o devastation_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o noah_n flood_n plutarch_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr solertia_fw-la animaliumâ—tells_v â—tells_z we_o that_o those_o who_o have_v write_v of_o deucalion_n flood_n report_n that_o there_o be_v a_o dove_n send_v out_o of_o the_o ark_n by_o deucalion_n which_o return_v again_o into_o the_o ark_n be_v a_o sign_n of_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o flood_n but_o fly_v quite_o away_o and_o not_o return_v any_o more_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o serenity_n and_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v drain_v indeed_o ovid_n and_o other_o mythologist_n make_v deucalion_n flood_n to_o have_v be_v universal_a and_o it_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o description_n ovid_n give_v of_o it_o that_o he_o mean_v the_o general_a deluge_n in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n and_o that_o by_o deucalion_n the_o ancient_n together_o with_o ovid_n understand_v noah_n kircher_n in_o his_o 6._o arca_n noae_n do_v well_o make_v out_o first_o for_o that_o the_o poet_n apollonius_n make_v he_o the_o son_n of_o prometheus_n in_o his_o three_o book_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o prometheus_n the_o son_n of_o japetus_n beget_v the_o renown_a deucalion_n 2._o berosus_n affirm_v noah_n to_o have_v be_v a_o scythian_a and_o lucian_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr dea_fw-la syria_n tell_v we_o that_o many_o make_v deucalion_n to_o have_v be_v so_o too_o 3._o the_o scripture_n testify_v that_o man_n be_v general_o very_o corrupt_a and_o wicked_a in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n and_o andro_n teius_n a_o very_a ancient_a writer_n testify_v that_o in_o deucalion_n time_n there_o be_v a_o great_a abundance_n of_o wicked_a man_n which_o make_v it_o necessary_a for_o god_n to_o destroy_v mankind_n 4._o the_o scripture_n say_v that_o noah_n be_v a_o just_a man_n and_o perfect_a in_o his_o generation_n and_o ovid_n say_v of_o deucalion_n that_o non_fw-la illo_fw-la mâ—lior_fw-la quisquam_fw-la nec_fw-la amantior_fw-la aequi_fw-la vir_fw-la fuit_fw-la aut_fw-la illâ_fw-la pyrrhâ_fw-la uxore_fw-la ejus_fw-la reverentior_fw-la ulla_fw-la deorum_fw-la and_o a_o little_a after_o innocuos_fw-la ambos_fw-la cultores_fw-la numinis_fw-la ambos_fw-la 5._o apollonius_n say_v of_o deucalion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o first_o rule_v over_o men._n which_o may_v very_o well_o be_v attribute_v to_o noah_n the_o father_n and_o restorer_n of_o
day_n and_o consequent_o no_o inconsiderable_a thing_n by_o the_o heaven_n or_o firmament_n in_o this_o place_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v the_o inferior_a region_n of_o the_o air_n wherein_o the_o fowl_n fly_v who_o gen._n 1._o 20._o be_v say_v to_o fly_v above_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o open_a firmament_n of_o heaven_n though_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v take_v for_o the_o celestial_a region_n wherein_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n and_o star_n be_v place_v 2._o the_o same_o may_v be_v make_v appear_v by_o reason_n ground_v upon_o experience_n i_o myself_o have_v observe_v a_o thunder-cloud_n in_o passage_n to_o have_v in_o less_o than_o two_o hour_n space_n pour_v down_o so_o much_o water_n upon_o the_o earth_n as_o beside_o what_o sink_v into_o the_o parch_a and_o thirsty_a ground_n and_o fill_v all_o ditch_n and_o pond_n cause_v a_o considerable_a flood_n in_o the_o river_n set_v all_o the_o meadow_n on_o float_n and_n dr._n witty_a in_o his_o scarborough_n spa_n tell_v we_o of_o great_a spout_n of_o rain_n that_o ordinary_o fall_v every_o year_n some_o time_n or_o other_o in_o summer_n that_o set_v the_o whole_a country_n in_o a_o flood_n now_o have_v this_o cloud_n which_o may_v for_o aught_o i_o know_v have_v move_v forty_o mile_n forward_o stand_v still_o and_o empty_v all_o its_o water_n upon_o the_o same_o spot_n of_o ground_n it_o first_o hang_v over_o what_o a_o sudden_a and_o incredible_a deluge_n will_v it_o have_v make_v there_o and_o yet_o what_o depth_n or_o thickness_n of_o vapour_n may_v remain_v uncondense_v in_o the_o air_n above_o this_o cloud_n who_o know_v now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o not_o only_o the_o air_n upon_o the_o dry_a land_n but_o also_o all_o that_o cover_v the_o whole_a ocean_n be_v charge_v with_o vapour_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o diffuse_a water_n all_o which_o be_v bring_v together_o by_o wind_n or_o what_o other_o mean_n seem_v good_a to_o god_n and_o cause_v to_o destil_n down_o in_o rain_n upon_o the_o earth_n and_o you_o may_v easy_o guess_v that_o it_o be_v no_o small_a quantity_n of_o water_n that_o be_v supply_v this_o way_n in_o that_o it_o suffice_v for_o a_o rain_n that_o last_v forty_o natural_a day_n and_o that_o no_o ordinary_a rain_n neither_o but_o cataract_n or_o spout_n of_o water_n for_o so_o the_o septuagint_n interpret_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o cataract_n or_o spout_n of_o heaven_n be_v open_v i_o return_v now_o to_o the_o first_o cause_n or_o mean_n of_o the_o deluge_n assign_v by_o the_o scripture_n and_o that_o be_v the_o break_n up_o of_o all_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a deep_a by_o the_o great_a deep_a in_o this_o place_n i_o suppose_v be_v to_o be_v understand_v the_o subterraneous_a water_n which_o do_v and_o must_v necessary_o communicate_v with_o the_o sea_n for_o we_o see_v that_o the_o caspian_a and_o some_o other_o sea_n receive_v into_o themselves_o many_o great_a river_n and_o yet_o have_v no_o visible_a outlet_n and_o therefore_o by_o subterraneous_a passage_n must_v needs_o discharge_v their_o water_n into_o the_o abyss_n of_o water_n under_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o its_o intervention_n into_o the_o ocean_n again_o that_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n do_v not_o as_o i_o sometime_o think_v communicate_v with_o the_o ocean_n by_o any_o subterraneous_a passage_n nor_o thereby_o impart_v any_o water_n to_o it_o or_o receive_v any_o from_o it_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v from_o that_o the_o superficies_n of_o it_o be_v low_a than_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n as_o appear_v from_o the_o water_n run_v in_o at_o the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o communication_n the_o water_n keep_v its_o level_n the_o mediterranean_a be_v the_o low_a must_v by_o those_o passage_n receive_v water_n from_o the_o ocean_n and_o not_o the_o ocean_n which_o be_v as_o we_o have_v prove_v the_o high_a from_o the_o mediterranean_a but_o that_o it_o do_v not_o receive_v any_o by_o subterraneous_a passage_n be_v most_o likely_a because_o it_o receive_v so_o much_o above_o ground_n hence_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o mediterranean_a spend_v more_o in_o vapour_n than_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o river_n which_o be_v mr._n halley_n conclusion_n though_o in_o some_o of_o his_o premise_n or_o hypothesis_n he_o be_v i_o think_v mistake_v as_o 1._o in_o that_o he_o number_v the_o tiber_n among_o his_o nine_o great_a river_n each_o of_o which_o may_v yield_v ten_o time_n as_o much_o water_n as_o the_o thames_n whereas_o i_o question_v whether_o that_o yield_v once_o so_o much_o and_o whereas_o he_o pass_v by_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o river_n as_o small_a than_o it_o there_o be_v two_o that_o i_o have_v see_v in_o italy_n itself_o whereof_o the_o one_o viz._n the_o arnus_n on_o which_o florence_n and_o pisa_n stand_v seem_v to_o i_o not_o inferior_a in_o bigness_n to_o the_o tiber_n and_o the_o other_o viz._n the_o athesis_n on_o which_o verona_n stand_v i_o can_v not_o guess_v to_o be_v less_o than_o twice_o as_o big_a 2._o in_o that_o he_o think_v himself_o too_o liberal_a in_o allow_v these_o nine_o river_n to_o carry_v down_o each_o of_o they_o ten_o time_n so_o much_o water_n as_o the_o thames_n do_v whereas_o one_o of_o those_o nine_o and_o that_o none_o of_o the_o big_a neither_o viz._n the_o river_n po_n if_o ricciolus_n his_o hypothesis_n and_o calculation_n be_v good_a afford_v more_o water_n in_o a_o hour_n than_o mr._n halley_n suppose_v the_o thames_n to_o do_v in_o a_o day_n the_o hourly_a effusion_n of_o the_o po_n be_v rate_v at_o eighteen_o million_o of_o cubical_a pace_n by_o ricciolus_n whereas_o the_o daily_a one_o of_o the_o thames_n be_v compute_v to_o be_v no_o more_o than_o twenty_o five_o million_o three_o hundred_o forty_o four_o thousand_o cubical_a yard_n of_o water_n by_o mr._n halley_n but_o a_o geometrical_a pace_n contain_v five_o foot_n i._n e._n 1_o â—â—_o of_o a_o yard_n now_o if_o the_o po_n pour_v so_o much_o water_n hourly_o into_o the_o sea_n what_o then_o must_v the_o danow_n and_o the_o nile_n do_v each_o of_o which_o can_v i_o guess_v be_v less_o than_o trouble_n of_o the_o po._n tanais_n borysthenes_n and_o rhodanus_n may_v equal_v if_o not_o exceed_v it_o howbeit_o i_o can_v approve_v ricciolus_n his_o hypothesis_n judge_v they_o to_o be_v too_o excessive_a but_o do_v believe_v that_o as_o to_o the_o whole_a mr._n halley_n come_v near_o the_o truth_n sure_o enough_o it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o mediterranean_a the_o receipt_n from_o the_o river_n fall_v short_a of_o the_o expense_n in_o vapour_n though_o in_o part_n of_o it_o that_o be_v the_o euxine_a the_o receipt_n exceed_v as_o appear_v from_o that_o there_o be_v a_o constant_a current_n set_v outward_a from_o thence_o through_o the_o thracian_a bosphorus_n and_o hellespont_n but_o though_o the_o mediterranean_a do_v indeed_o evaporate_v more_o than_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o river_n yet_o i_o believe_v the_o case_n be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o superficies_n whereof_o seem_v to_o i_o not_o to_o bear_v any_o great_a proportion_n to_o the_o water_n of_o the_o river_n that_o run_v into_o it_o than_o that_o of_o the_o euxine_a do_v to_o its_o which_o we_o have_v observe_v not_o to_o spend_v the_o whole_a receipt_n in_o vapour_n you_o will_v say_v why_o then_o do_v not_o great_a flood_n raise_v the_o sea_n i_o answer_v as_o to_o the_o caspian_a if_o it_o communicate_v with_o the_o ocean_n whether_o the_o river_n bring_v down_o more_o or_o less_o it_o be_v all_o one_o if_o more_o than_o the_o water_n keep_v its_o level_n the_o caspian_a raise_v the_o ocean_n if_o less_o than_o the_o ocean_n communicate_v to_o the_o caspian_a and_o raise_v that_o but_o as_o to_o the_o mediterranean_a we_o may_v say_v that_o when_o it_o receive_v more_o on_o the_o one_o side_n it_o receive_v less_o on_o the_o other_o the_o flood_n and_o ebb_n of_o the_o nilus_n and_o the_o other_o river_n counterbalance_v one_o another_o beside_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o snow_n lie_v upon_o the_o mountain_n all_o winter_n the_o great_a flood_n of_o those_o great_a river_n in_o europe_n do_v not_o happen_v when_o the_o mediterranean_a evaporate_n leà _v in_o the_o winter_n time_n but_o in_o the_o spring_n you_o will_v demand_v further_o if_o the_o mediterranean_a evaporate_n so_o much_o what_o become_v of_o all_o this_o vapour_n i_o answer_v it_o be_v cast_v off_o upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o on_o their_o side_n and_o top_n be_v condense_v into_o water_n and_o so_o return_v again_o by_o the_o river_n unto_o the_o sea_n if_o you_o proceed_v to_o ask_v what_o become_v of_o the_o surplusage_n of_o the_o water_n which_o the_o mediterranean_a receive_v from_o the_o ocean_n and_o spend_v in_o vapour_n
i_o answer_v it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o it_o must_v be_v cast_v further_o off_o over_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o supply_v in_o part_n rain_n to_o these_o northern_a country_n for_o we_o know_v that_o the_o southwind_n bring_v rain_n with_o we_o and_o and_o all_o europe_n over_o as_o to_o the_o great_a ocean_n i_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o it_o evaporate_v so_o much_o as_o the_o mediterranean_a both_o 1._o because_o the_o whole_a mediterranean_a except_v the_o euxine_a lie_v in_o a_o hot_a climate_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o valley_n ridge_n of_o high_a mountain_n atlas_n on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o alps_o and_o apennine_n etc._n etc._n on_o the_o other_o run_v along_o it_o and_o 2._o because_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o whole_a ocean_n bear_v a_o great_a proportion_n to_o the_o water_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o river_n of_o at_o least_o this_o continent_n than_o that_o of_o the_o mediterranean_a do_v to_o it_o and_o therefore_o i_o think_v also_o that_o mr._n halley_n exceed_v in_o his_o estimate_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea-water_n i_o can_v persuade_v myself_o that_o be_v it_o all_o commix_v i_o mean_v the_o hot_a part_n with_o the_o cool_a all_o the_o surface_n over_o to_o such_o a_o thickness_n it_o will_v equal_v the_o heat_n of_o our_o air_n in_o the_o hot_a time_n of_o summer_n but_o i_o leave_v that_o to_o further_a trial_n and_o enquiry_n here_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o suggest_v that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o think_v that_o all_o the_o vapour_n that_o supply_v our_o rain_n and_o dews_n proceed_v from_o the_o sea_n no_o a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o viz._n all_o that_o when_o condense_v water_n the_o earth_n and_o serve_v for_o the_o nutrition_n of_o plant_n and_o animal_n if_o not_o the_o same_o individual_a water_n at_o least_o so_o much_o be_v exhale_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n before_o and_o return_v again_o in_o shower_n and_o dew_n upon_o it_o so_o that_o we_o receive_v no_o more_o from_o the_o sea_n than_o what_o the_o river_n carry_v back_o and_o pour_v into_o it_o again_o but_o suppose_v mr._n halley_n hypothesis_n to_o be_v good_a and_o that_o the_o ocean_n do_v evaporate_v and_o cast_v off_o to_o the_o dry_a land_n 1_o 12_o of_o a_o inch_n thickness_n daily_o and_o this_o suffice_v for_o the_o supply_n of_o all_o the_o river_n how_o intolerable_o extravagant_a must_v their_o hypothesis_n be_v who_o suppose_v the_o river_n of_o all_o the_o world_n together_o to_o yield_v half_o a_o ocean_n of_o water_n daily_o though_o i_o must_v confess_v myself_o to_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n as_o to_o those_o vast_a river_n of_o america_n of_o ninety_o mile_n broad_a for_o if_o they_o shall_v run_v with_o any_o thing_n a_o swift_a current_n it_o be_v indeed_o inestimable_a what_o a_o quantity_n of_o water_n they_o may_v pour_v forth_o all_o therefore_o that_o i_o have_v to_o say_v of_o they_o be_v that_o we_o want_v a_o true_a history_n and_o account_n of_o their_o phoenomena_fw-la from_o their_o fountain_n to_o their_o out_o let_n but_o in_o contradiction_n to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o water_n keep_v its_o level_n and_o flow_v in_o only_a at_o the_o strait_o mouth_n i_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v the_o concurrent_a and_o unanimous_a vote_n and_o suffrage_n of_o mariner_n voyager_n and_o philosopher_n that_o there_o be_v a_o under-current_n at_o the_o strait_o of_o gibraltar_n the_o thracian_a bosphorus_n and_o the_o baltic_a sound_n particular_o m._n marsilly_n affirm_v that_o the_o low_a water_n in_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o thracian_a bosphorus_n be_v drive_v northward_o into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n whilst_o the_o upper_a flow_v constant_o from_o the_o euxine_a southward_n and_o that_o that_o which_o flow_v from_o the_o south_n be_v salt_a and_o heavy_a which_o he_o find_v by_o let_v down_o of_o a_o vessel_n close_o shut_v up_o fit_v with_o a_o valve_n to_o open_v at_o pleasure_n and_o let_v in_o the_o low_a water_n which_o be_v bring_v up_o and_o weigh_v be_v observe_v to_o be_v ten_o grain_n heavy_a than_o the_o upper_a that_o the_o upper_a and_o low_o flow_v contrary_a way_n he_o find_v by_o the_o fisherman_n net_n which_o be_v let_v down_o deep_a from_o vessel_n that_o be_v fix_v be_v always_o by_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o fisherman_n by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o current_n drive_v towards_o the_o black_a sea_n and_o by_o the_o let_v down_o of_o a_o plummet_n for_o if_o it_o be_v stop_v and_o detain_v at_o about_o five_o or_o six_o foot_n depth_n it_o do_v always_o decline_v towards_o the_o marmora_fw-la or_o propontis_n but_o if_o it_o descend_v low_a it_o be_v drive_v to_o the_o contrary_a part_n that_o be_v the_o euxine_a but_o i_o think_v these_o experiment_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o establish_v and_o demonstrate_v such_o a_o under-current_n because_o possible_o there_o may_v be_v some_o mistake_n in_o they_o and_o mr._n smith_n mention_n no_o such_o thing_n as_o any_o under-current_n there_o but_o yet_o the_o same_o mr._n smith_n endeavour_v to_o prove_v a_o under-current_n by_o two_o experiment_n the_o first_o be_v the_o run_a tide_n and_o half-tide_n in_o the_o off_a between_o the_o north-foreland_n and_o south-foreland_n now_o where_o it_o flow_v tide_n and_o half-tide_n though_o the_o tide_n of_o flood_n run_v aloft_o yet_o the_o tide_n of_o ebb_n run_v underfoot_n that_o be_v close_o by_o the_o ground_n see_v philosophical_a transaction_n numb_a 158._o p._n 564._o the_o second_o be_v a_o experiment_n make_v in_o the_o baltic_a sound_n in_o one_o of_o the_o king_n frigate_n they_o go_v with_o their_o pinnace_n into_o the_o middle_a stream_n and_o be_v carry_v violent_o by_o the_o current_n soon_o after_o they_o sink_v a_o bucket_n with_o a_o large_a cannon_n bullet_n to_o a_o certain_a depth_n of_o water_n which_o give_v check_v to_o the_o boat_n motion_n and_o sink_v it_o still_o low_o and_o low_o the_o boat_n be_v drive_v a_o head_n to_o windward_n against_o the_o upper_a current_n the_o current_n aloft_o be_v not_o above_o four_o or_o five_o fathom_n deep_a and_o the_o low_a the_o bucket_n be_v let_v fall_n they_o find_v the_o under-current_n the_o strong_a to_o all_o this_o i_o reply_v that_o i_o do_v not_o understand_v how_o water_n can_v run_v backward_o and_o forward_o in_o the_o same_o channel_n at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o there_o be_v but_o one_o declivity_n this_o be_v as_o much_o to_o affirm_v as_o that_o a_o heavy_a body_n shall_v ascend_v it_o be_v a_o cross_v of_o proverb_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d make_v river_n ascend_v to_o their_o fountain_n affirm_v that_o to_o be_v do_v which_o all_o the_o world_n hitherto_o have_v look_v upon_o as_o absurd_a and_o impossible_a and_o therefore_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n have_v need_n be_v well_o attest_v which_o when_o to_o i_o it_o shall_v be_v i_o must_v then_o manus_fw-la dare_v yield_v up_o the_o buckler_n and_o study_v some_o mean_n to_o solve_v the_o phaenomenon_n suppose_v we_o that_o the_o mediterranean_a empty_v itself_o into_o the_o ocean_n by_o a_o under-current_n there_o must_v be_v a_o declivity_n to_o carry_v it_o down_o and_o consequent_o the_o upper-superficies_n of_o this_o under-current_n must_v have_v its_o declivity_n too_o and_o likewise_o the_o contiguous_a superficies_n of_o the_o upper-current_n and_o so_o the_o upper_a current_n must_v needs_o ascend_v in_o its_o course_n inward_o if_o you_o say_v it_o be_v force_v in_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o ocean_n that_o seem_v unlikely_a because_o it_o run_v in_o constant_o as_o well_o ebb_n as_o flood_n and_o therefore_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o better_a account_n of_o it_o than_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v high_a than_o that_o of_o the_o mediterranean_a by_o the_o break_n up_o of_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a deep_a be_v i_o conceive_v mean_v the_o make_v great_a issue_n and_o aperture_n for_o these_o subterraneous_a water_n to_o rush_v out_o you_o will_v say_v how_o can_v that_o be_v since_o the_o water_n keep_v its_o level_n and_o can_v ascend_v to_o a_o great_a height_n above_o the_o common_a centre_n than_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v much_o less_o force_v its_o way_n remove_v obstacle_n and_o break_v open_a passage_n i_o answer_v according_a to_o they_o that_o hold_v that_o all_o river_n come_v from_o the_o sea_n by_o subterraneous_a passage_n it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o daily_o happen_v for_o they_o must_v needs_o grant_v that_o the_o water_n in_o the_o subterraneous_a channel_n be_v raise_v as_o far_o above_o the_o level_n of_o the_o ocean_n as_o be_v the_o head_n and_o fountain_n of_o great_a river_n which_o consider_v the_o height_n of_o their_o first_o spring_v up_o the_o mountain_n the_o length_n of_o their_o
and_o near_o the_o tropic_n where_o the_o exhalation_n from_o the_o sea_n be_v most_o plentiful_a most_o rarify_v and_o rain_v scarce_o than_o in_o the_o temperate_a and_o frigid_a one_o where_o it_o rain_v and_o snow_v general_o on_o the_o vertices_fw-la of_o the_o mountain_n yet_o even_o in_o our_o european_a climate_n i_o have_v often_o observe_v the_o fir_n pine_n and_o other_o vegetable_n near_o the_o summit_v of_o the_o alps_o and_o apennines_n to_o drop_v and_o run_v with_o water_n when_o it_o do_v not_o rain_v above_o some_o tree_n more_o than_o other_o according_a to_o the_o density_n and_o smoothness_n of_o their_o leave_n and_o superficies_n whereby_o the_o stop_n and_o condense_a the_o vapour_n more_o or_o less_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v little_a force_n on_o the_o high_a part_n of_o mountain_n the_o interrupt_a vapour_n must_v continual_o moisten_v they_o and_o as_o in_o the_o head_n of_o a_o alembick_a condense_a and_o trickle_v down_o so_o that_o we_o owe_v part_n of_o our_o rain_n spring_n rivers_n and_o conveniency_n of_o life_n to_o the_o operation_n of_o distillation_n and_o circulation_n by_o the_o sun_n the_o sea_n and_o the_o hill_n without_o even_o the_o last_o of_o which_o the_o earth_n will_v scarce_o be_v habitable_a this_o present_a year_n in_o kent_n they_o have_v have_v no_o rain_n since_o march_v last_o therefore_o most_o of_o their_o spring_n be_v dry_a at_o this_o very_a day_n as_o i_o be_o assure_v from_o good_a hand_n the_o high_a spout_v of_o water_n even_o to_o three_o fathom_n perpendicular_a out_o of_o innumerable_a hole_n on_o the_o lake_n zirknitz_n in_o carniola_n after_o rains_n on_o the_o adjacent_a hill_n exceed_v the_o spirt_a gip_n or_o natural_a jet_n do_v eaus_a we_o have_v in_o england_n novemb._n 12._o 1691._o tancred_n robinson_n since_o the_o receipt_n of_o this_o letter_n a_o experiment_n give_v i_o leave_v so_o to_o call_v it_o occur_v to_o i_o which_o much_o confirm_v i_o in_o the_o belief_n and_o persuasion_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o those_o history_n and_o relation_n which_o writer_n and_o traveller_n have_v deliver_v to_o we_o concern_v drop_a tree_n in_o ferro_fw-la s._n thome_n guiny_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o before_o i_o be_v somewhat_o diffident_a and_o likewise_o in_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o hypothesis_n of_o my_o learned_a friend_n dr._n tancred_n robinson_n for_o the_o solving_a of_o that_o phaenomenon_n the_o same_o also_o induce_v i_o to_o believe_v that_o vapour_n may_v have_v a_o great_a interest_n in_o the_o production_n of_o spring_n even_o in_o temperate_a and_o cold_a region_n than_o i_o have_v before_o thought_n the_o experiment_n or_o observation_n be_v this_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o december_n 1691._o there_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o mist_n and_o that_o no_o very_o thick_a one_o which_o continue_v all_o day_n the_o vapour_n whereof_o notwithstanding_o the_o tree_n be_v whole_o devest_v of_o leave_n condense_v so_o fast_o upon_o their_o naked_a branch_n and_o twig_n that_o they_o drop_v all_o day_n at_o such_o a_o rate_n that_o i_o believe_v the_o water_n distil_v from_o a_o large_a tree_n in_o twenty_o four_o hour_n have_v it_o be_v all_o receive_v and_o reserve_v in_o a_o vessel_n may_v have_v amount_v to_o a_o hogshead_n what_o then_o may_v we_o rational_o conjecture_v will_v have_v drop_v from_o such_o a_o tree_n have_v it_o be_v cover_v with_o leave_n of_o a_o dense_a texture_n and_o smooth_a superficies_n apt_a to_o collect_v the_o particle_n of_o the_o vapour_n and_o unite_v they_o into_o drop_n it_o be_v clear_a by_o this_o effect_n that_o tree_n do_v distil_v water_n apace_o when_o cloud_n or_o mist_n hang_v about_o they_o which_o they_o be_v report_v by_o benzo_n constant_o to_o do_v about_o the_o fountain_n tree_n in_o ferro_fw-la except_o when_o the_o sun_n shine_v hot_a upon_o it_o and_o other_o tell_v we_o that_o that_o tree_n grow_v upon_o a_o mountain_n too_o so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o it_o shall_v drop_v abundance_n of_o water_n what_o do_v i_o speak_v of_o that_o tree_n all_o the_o tree_n of_o that_o kind_n grow_v on_o the_o side_n of_o vast_a mountain_n as_o dr._n robinson_n have_v note_v yet_o he_o think_v that_o now_o and_o then_o many_o tree_n may_v run_v and_o distil_v in_o plain_n and_o valley_n when_o the_o wether_n have_v be_v fair_a but_o then_o this_o phaenomenon_n happen_v very_o rare_o whereas_o in_o the_o other_o it_o be_v regular_a and_o constant_a beside_o that_o in_o hot_a region_n tree_n may_v in_o the_o night_n time_n distil_v water_n though_o the_o air_n be_v clear_a and_o there_o be_v no_o mist_n about_o they_o seem_v necessary_o to_o follow_v from_o mr._n halley_n experiment_n now_o if_o there_o be_v in_o mist_n thus_o much_o vapour_n condense_v upon_o tree_n doubtless_o also_o there_o be_v in_o proportion_n as_o much_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o grass_n and_o consequent_o upon_o the_o top_n and_o ridge_n of_o high_a mountain_n which_o be_v frequent_o cover_v with_o cloud_n or_o mist_n much_o more_o so_o much_o as_o must_v needs_o have_v a_o great_a interest_n in_o the_o production_n and_o supply_n of_o spring_n even_o in_o temperate_a country_n but_o that_o invisible_a vapour_n when_o the_o sky_n be_v clear_a do_v at_o any_o time_n condense_a so_o fast_o upon_o the_o tree_n as_o to_o make_v they_o drop_n i_o never_o observe_v in_o england_n or_o elsewhere_o no_o not_o in_o the_o night_n season_n though_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o upon_o the_o apennine_n and_o southern_a side_n of_o the_o alps_o and_o elsewhere_o in_o the_o hot_a part_n of_o europe_n in_o summer_n night_n they_o may_v however_o consider_v the_o penetrancy_n of_o such_o vapour_n that_o in_o moist_a wether_n they_o will_v insinuate_v themselves_o deep_o into_o the_o pore_n of_o dry_a wood_n so_o that_o door_n will_v then_o hardly_o shut_v and_o chink_n and_o cranny_n in_o board_n and_o floor_n be_v close_v up_o i_o know_v not_o but_o that_o they_o may_v likewise_o strike_v deep_a into_o the_o ground_n and_o together_o with_o mist_n contribute_v to_o the_o seed_v and_o maintenance_n of_o spring_n in_o wintertime_n when_o the_o sun_n exhale_v but_o little_a it_o be_v a_o observation_n of_o the_o learned_a 〈…〉_z fromondus_n quod_fw-la hyeme_n nec_fw-la nivah_n nec_fw-la imbrifera_fw-la fontes_fw-la tamen_fw-la aquam_fw-la largiùs_fw-la quam_fw-la aejlate_fw-la nisi_fw-la valdè_fw-la pluvia_fw-la sit_fw-la vomant_fw-la that_o in_o winter_n neither_o snowy_a nor_o rainy_a yet_o fountain_n pour_v forth_o more_o water_n than_o in_o summer_n unless_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o very_a wet_a season_n yet_o be_v their_o contribution_n inconsiderable_a if_o compare_v with_o the_o supply_n that_o be_v aâ—â—orded_v by_o ra_n and_o one_o reason_n why_o in_o winter_n fountain_n flow_v more_o plentiful_o may_v be_v because_o then_o the_o sun_n defraud_n they_o not_o nor_o exhale_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n as_o in_o summer_n time_n he_o do_v therefore_o whenever_o in_o this_o work_n i_o have_v assign_v rain_n to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a or_o only_a cause_n of_o spring_n and_o river_n i_o will_v not_o be_v understand_v to_o exclude_v but_o to_o comprehend_v therein_o mist_n and_o vapour_n which_o i_o grant_v to_o have_v some_o interest_n in_o the_o production_n of_o they_o even_o in_o temperate_a and_o cold_a region_n and_o a_o very_a considerable_a one_o in_o hot._n though_o i_o can_v be_v persuade_v that_o even_o there_o they_o be_v the_o sole_a cause_n of_o spring_n for_o that_o there_o fall_v such_o plentiful_a and_o long_o continue_v rain_n both_o in_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n in_o the_o summer_n month_n which_o must_v needs_o contribute_v something_o to_o their_o original_a but_o to_o return_v from_o whence_o we_o digress_v that_o be_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o that_o hypothesis_n or_o opinion_n that_o all_o the_o river_n of_o the_o earth_n discharge_v into_o the_o sea_n half_a a_o ocean_n of_o water_n daily_o i_o have_v read_v of_o some_o philosopher_n who_o imagine_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v a_o great_a animal_n and_o that_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o respiration_n of_o it_o and_o now_o methinks_v if_o this_o doctrine_n be_v true_a we_o have_v a_o further_a argument_n to_o confirm_v their_o opinion_n for_o this_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o water_n answer_v very_o well_o to_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o water_n move_v fast_o in_o proportion_n to_o its_o bulk_n through_o the_o vein_n of_o this_o round_a animal_n than_o the_o blood_n do_v through_o those_o of_o other_o live_a creature_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v further_o that_o to_o maintain_v this_o constant_a circulation_n there_o be_v also_o probable_o about_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n a_o perpetual_a fire_n answer_v to_o the_o biolychnium_n in_o the_o heart_n but_o
if_o not_o about_o the_o centre_n yet_o certain_o in_o profound_a cavern_n and_o even_o under_o the_o very_a bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o which_o some_o and_o no_o mean_a philosopher_n have_v attribute_v the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o its_o water_n let_v we_o then_o suppose_v that_o the_o river_n do_v daily_o carry_v down_o to_o the_o sea_n half_a a_o ocean_n of_o water_n and_o that_o the_o rain_n supply_v all_o that_o as_o our_o opinion_n be_v and_o see_v what_o we_o can_v infer_v from_o thence_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v grant_v that_o ordinary_o communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la the_o rain_n that_o fall_v in_o a_o whole_a year_n amount_v not_o to_o above_o one_o quarter_n continual_a rain_n now_o if_o this_o suffice_v for_o a_o daily_a effusion_n of_o half_a a_o ocean_n 〈…〉_z that_o if_o it_o shall_v rain_v without_o any_o 〈◊〉_d all_o the_o year_n round_o the_o river_n will_v 〈◊〉_d out_o two_o ocean_n into_o the_o sea_n 〈◊〉_d and_o so_o in_o forty_o day_n continual_a rain_n 〈◊〉_d will_v distil_v down_o upon_o the_o earth_n 〈…〉_z of_o water_n a_o prodigious_a quantity_n 〈◊〉_d and_o â—â—arce_o credible_a which_o if_o the_o 〈…〉_z as_o fast_o as_o it_o come_v on_o 〈…〉_z a_o quantity_n of_o water_n 〈…〉_z twice_o in_o twenty_o four_o 〈…〉_z then_o that_o so_o much_o water_n 〈…〉_z upon_o the_o â—arth_n i_o argue_v thus_o 〈…〉_z upon_o the_o earth_n must_v have_v 〈…〉_z down_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o according_a â—o_o the_o small_a declivity_n of_o the_o 〈…〉_z the_o mountain_n pare_v off_o and_o 〈…〉_z a_o considerable_a one_o too_o 〈…〉_z it_o actual_o have_v so_o that_o the_o flood_n 〈…〉_z some_o day_n after_o the_o 〈…〉_z upon_o the_o high_a ground_n and_o 〈…〉_z the_o general_a deluge_n 〈…〉_z down_o to_o the_o sea_n as_o fast_v 〈…〉_z the_o earth_n will_v permit_v 〈…〉_z the_o fountain_n of_o the_o 〈…〉_z cloud_n 〈…〉_z can_v than_o they_o run_v down_o 〈…〉_z the_o earth_n it_o deserve_v 〈…〉_z whether_o by_o the_o end_n of_o 〈…〉_z mountain_n fifteen_o cubit_n high_a and_o yet_o the_o scripture_n do_v not_o in_o plain_a term_n say_v that_o ever_o the_o water_n of_o the_o flood_n arise_v fifteen_o cubit_n above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n as_o mr._n warren_n well_o observe_v beside_o we_o be_v further_a to_o consider_v that_o this_o forty_o day_n rain_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n be_v no_o ordinary_a one_o such_o as_o those_o that_o usual_o distil_v down_o leisurely_o and_o gentle_o in_o winter_n time_n but_o like_o our_o thunder-storm_n and_o violent_a shower_n cataract_n and_o spout_n which_o pour_v forth_o more_o water_n in_o a_o hour_n than_o they_o do_v in_o four_o and_o twenty_o so_o that_o in_o forty_o natural_a day_n the_o cloud_n will_v empty_v out_o upon_o the_o earth_n not_o eighty_o ocean_n of_o water_n but_o above_o twenty_o time_n that_o quantity_n if_o by_o the_o window_n of_o heaven_n be_v mean_v cataract_n as_o the_o septuagint_n interpret_v the_o word_n and_o so_o we_o need_v not_o be_v to_o seek_v for_o water_n for_o a_o flood_n for_o the_o rain_n alone_o fall_v at_o that_o rate_n we_o have_v mention_v will_v if_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o man_n who_o hold_v that_o the_o river_n discharge_v into_o the_o sea_n half_a a_o ocean_n daily_a be_v true_a in_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o natural_a day_n afford_v water_n enough_o suppose_v it_o run_v off_o no_o fast_a than_o usual_o it_o do_v to_o cover_v the_o earth_n mountain_n and_o all_o neither_o yet_o do_v the_o mountain_n help_v but_o rather_o hinder_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o water_n down_o to_o the_o sea_n straighten_v it_o into_o channel_n obstruct_v its_o passage_n and_o force_v it_o to_o take_v circuit_n till_o it_o get_v above_o the_o ridge_n and_o top_n of_o they_o as_o to_o this_o argumentation_n and_o inference_n the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o if_o we_o hold_v that_o the_o water_n circulate_v through_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o earth_n for_o suppose_v the_o river_n pour_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d half_a a_o ocean_n daily_o and_o grant_v that_o in_o time_n of_o flood_n their_o stream_n be_v but_o double_a of_o their_o usual_a current_n though_o i_o very_o believe_v they_o be_v more_o than_o quadruple_a and_o that_o the_o eâ—fusions_n of_o the_o fountain_n be_v in_o like_a measure_n augment_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o daily_a discharge_n of_o the_o river_n will_v amount_v to_o two_o ocean_n now_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o general_a deluge_n both_o these_o cause_n concur_v for_o there_o be_v a_o constant_a rain_n of_o forty_o day_n there_o must_v on_o that_o account_n be_v a_o continual_a flood_n and_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a deep_a â—eing_v break_v up_o they_o must_v in_o all_o likelihood_n afford_v as_o much_o water_n as_o the_o rain_n which_o whether_o it_o will_v not_o suffice_v in_o forty_o natural_a day_n to_o produce_v a_o flood_n as_o big_a as_o that_o of_o noah_n notwithstanding_o the_o continual_a descent_n and_o go_v off_o of_o the_o water_n i_o propose_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o ingenious_a especial_o if_o we_o allow_v as_o be_v not_o unreasonable_a 〈◊〉_d suppose_v that_o the_o divine_a providence_n 〈◊〉_d at_o first_o cause_n a_o contrary_a wind_n to_o stop_v 〈◊〉_d inhibit_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o water_n as_o afterward_o he_o raise_v a_o assist_v one_o to_o carry_v they_o off_o i_o have_v but_o one_o thing_n more_o to_o add_v upon_o this_o subject_a that_o be_v that_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o their_o opinion_n can_v be_v true_a who_o hold_v that_o some_o sea_n be_v low_a than_o other_o as_o for_o example_n the_o red_a sea_n than_o the_o mediterranean_a for_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o water_n keep_v its_o level_n that_o be_v hold_v its_o superficies_n every_o where_o equidistant_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o gravity_n or_o if_o by_o accident_n one_o part_n be_v low_a the_o rest_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o fluidity_n will_v speedy_o reduce_v the_o superficies_n again_o to_o a_o equality_n the_o water_n of_o all_o sea_n communicate_v either_o above_o or_o under_o ground_n or_o both_o way_n one_o sea_n can_v be_v high_a or_o low_a than_o another_o but_o suppose_v any_o accident_n shall_v elevate_v or_o depress_v any_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o confluence_n or_o communication_n it_o will_v soon_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o level_a again_o as_o may_v demonstrative_o be_v prove_v but_o i_o return_v to_o tell_v the_o reader_n what_o i_o think_v the_o most_o probable_a of_o all_o the_o cause_n i_o have_v hear_v assign_v of_o the_o deluge_n which_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v at_o that_o time_n change_v and_o set_v near_o to_o the_o centre_n or_o middle_n of_o our_o continent_n whereupon_o the_o atlantic_a and_o pacifick_n ocean_n must_v needs_o press_v upon_o the_o subterraneous_a abyss_n and_o so_o by_o mediation_n thereof_o force_v the_o water_n upward_o and_o at_o last_o compel_v it_o to_o run_v out_o at_o those_o wide_a mouth_n and_o aperture_n make_v by_o the_o divine_a power_n break_v up_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a deep_a and_o we_o may_v suppose_v this_o to_o have_v be_v only_o a_o gentle_a and_o gradual_a emotion_n no_o fast_o than_o that_o the_o water_n run_v out_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n might_n according_o lower_v the_o superficies_n thereof_o sufficient_o so_o that_o none_o need_v run_v over_o the_o sh_n these_o water_n thus_o pour_v out_o from_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o fountain_n upon_o the_o earth_n the_o declivity_n be_v change_v by_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o centre_n can_v not_o flow_v down_o to_o the_o sea_n again_o but_o must_v needs_o stagnate_n upon_o the_o earth_n and_o overflow_v it_o and_o afterward_o the_o earth_n return_v to_o its_o old_a centre_n return_v also_o to_o their_o former_a receptacle_n if_o any_o shall_v object_v against_o this_o hypothesis_n because_o by_o it_o the_o flood_n will_v be_v render_v topical_a and_o restrain_v only_o to_o the_o continent_n we_o live_v in_o though_o i_o may_v plead_v the_o unnecessariness_n of_o drown_v america_n it_o be_v in_o all_o probability_n unpeople_v at_o that_o time_n yet_o because_o the_o scripture_n use_v general_a expression_n concern_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o flood_n say_v gen._n 1._o 19_o and_o all_o the_o high_a hill_n that_o be_v under_o the_o whole_a heaven_n be_v cover_v and_o again_o verse_n 22._o all_o in_o who_o nostril_n be_v the_o breath_n of_o lìfe_n of_o all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o dry_a land_n die_v and_o because_o the_o american_n also_o be_v say_v to_o have_v some_o ancient_a memorial_n tradition_n of_o a_o deluge_n and_o the_o ingenious_a author_n of_o the_o theory_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v by_o a_o moderate_a computation_n demonstrate_v that_o there_o must_v be_v then_o more_o people_n upon_o the_o earth_n than_o now_o i_o will_v propose_v another_o way_n of_o
deny_v these_o body_n to_o have_v be_v the_o shell_n and_o bone_n of_o fish_n have_v give_v we_o no_o satisfactory_a account_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o production_n for_o that_o they_o do_v not_o shoot_v into_o that_o form_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o salt_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o many_o argument_n first_o all_o salt_n that_o shoot_v their_o crystal_n or_o concretion_n be_v of_o one_o uniform_a substance_n and_o their_o figure_n be_v more_o simple_a and_o may_v be_v owe_v to_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o principle_n whereof_o they_o be_v compound_v in_o other_o body_n that_o shoot_v as_o the_o pyrite_n and_o belemnite_n one_o may_v observe_v straight_o radii_fw-la or_o fibres_n proceed_v from_o one_o centre_n second_o do_v those_o body_n shoot_v into_o these_o figure_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o salt_n it_o seem_v strange_a to_o i_o that_o two_o shell_n shall_v be_v so_o adapt_v together_o at_o the_o heel_n as_o to_o shoot_v out_o to_o the_o same_o extension_n round_o and_o the_o upper_a and_o nether_a valve_n be_v of_o different_a figure_n as_o in_o natural_a shell_n three_o be_v these_o body_n produce_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o saline_a concretion_n it_o be_v strange_a there_o shall_v be_v such_o variety_n of_o they_o and_o their_o shape_n so_o regular_a and_o exact_o circumscribe_v so_o great_a a_o diversity_n of_o figure_n argue_v a_o great_a variety_n of_o salt_n or_o of_o their_o modification_n and_o mixture_n than_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v find_v in_o nature_n and_o the_o concretion_n of_o salt_n never_o that_o i_o have_v yet_o see_v appear_v in_o that_o regularity_n of_o figure_n and_o due_a circumscription_n as_o in_o these_o body_n this_o argument_n steno_n in_o his_o discourse_n concern_v these_o body_n improve_v and_o urge_v thus_o who_o can_v deny_v that_o the_o hexaedrical_a figure_n of_o crystal_n the_o cube_n of_o marcasite_n and_o the_o crystal_n of_o salt_n in_o chemical_a operation_n and_o infinite_a other_o body_n coagulate_v and_o crystallize_a in_o a_o fluid_fw-la have_v figure_n much_o more_o ordinate_a than_o be_v those_o of_o scallop_n cockle_n and_o other_o bivalve_n and_o also_o periwinkle_n and_o turbens_n yet_o we_o see_v in_o these_o simple_a body_n sometime_o the_o top_n of_o a_o solid_a angle_n cut_v off_o sometime_o many_o of_o they_o without_o any_o order_n stick_v one_o to_o another_o sometime_o their_o plane_n differ_v among_o themselves_o in_o magnitude_n and_o situation_n and_o many_o other_o way_n recede_v from_o their_o usual_a figure_n which_o be_v so_o how_o much_o great_a and_o more_o notable_a defect_n must_v there_o needs_o have_v be_v in_o body_n that_o have_v a_o far_o more_o compound_a figure_n such_o as_o be_v those_o which_o unitate_fw-la the_o form_n of_o animal_n if_o they_o be_v in_o like_a manner_n generate_v see_v therefore_o in_o these_o body_n which_o be_v very_o much_o compound_v these_o defect_n do_v seldom_o occur_v which_o in_o those_o other_o most_o simple_a body_n be_v very_o frequent_a see_v there_o be_v no_o defect_n observe_v in_o these_o compound_a body_n the_o like_o whereto_o be_v not_o in_o like_a manner_n see_v in_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n and_o see_v that_o wheresoever_o they_o be_v find_v they_o be_v exceed_v like_o both_o among_o themselves_o and_o to_o the_o part_n of_o animal_n it_o be_v very_o unlikely_a they_o shall_v shoot_v into_o those_o figure_n after_o the_o manor_n of_o salt_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a high_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v original_o the_o part_n of_o animal_n the_o similitude_n of_o conformation_n in_o their_o pore_n striae_fw-la hinge_n tooth_n prominence_n thread_n etc._n etc._n almost_o necessary_o infer_v a_o similitude_n of_o original_a which_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o the_o government_n of_o some_o principle_n superior_a to_o matter_n figure_v and_o move_v in_o their_o formation_n four_o be_v these_o body_n nothing_o but_o concretion_n of_o salt_n or_o saline_a mixture_n it_o seem_v no_o less_o strange_a that_o so_o many_o liquor_n impregnate_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o salt_n and_o mineral_n juice_n in_o all_o proportion_n have_v be_v at_o one_o time_n or_o other_o industrious_o or_o accidental_o expose_v to_o crystallize_v and_o let_v stand_v long_o in_o vessel_n there_o shall_v never_o have_v be_v find_v in_o they_o any_o such_o concretion_n for_o if_o any_o have_v happen_v we_o shall_v doubtless_o have_v hear_v of_o they_o and_o the_o observer_n will_v have_v improve_v such_o a_o experiment_n to_o the_o production_n of_o the_o like_a body_n at_o their_o pleasure_n so_o i_o have_v finish_v what_o i_o have_v to_o allege_v in_o defence_n of_o the_o latter_a part_n that_o these_o form_a stone_n be_v sometime_o the_o real_a shell_n or_o bone_n of_o fish_n i_o mean_v the_o figure_a part_n of_o they_o i_o proceed_v now_o to_o set_v down_o what_o may_v be_v object_v against_o this_o opinion_n or_o offer_v in_o assertion_n of_o the_o contrary_a viz._n that_o these_o body_n be_v 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to_o what_o concern_v the_o selenites_n astroite_n and_o belemnite_n we_o have_v answer_v already_o that_o the_o species_n of_o brontiae_fw-la can_v be_v the_o petrified_a shell_n of_o echini_n spatagi_n the_o argument_n the_o doctor_n allege_v out_o of_o aristotle_n and_o rondeletius_n do_v not_o evince_v for_o though_o in_o some_o sea_n they_o may_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d yet_o in_o other_o be_v they_o plentiful_a enough_o in_o our_o own_o sea_n at_o llandwyn_n in_o the_o isse_fw-la of_o anglesey_n we_o may_v reasonable_o conjecture_v they_o be_v more_o plentiful_a than_o the_o common_a echini_n any_o where_o with_o we_o because_o we_o find_v more_o of_o their_o shell_n cast_v up_o there_o on_o the_o shore_n than_o of_o the_o echini_n in_o any_o shore_n about_o england_n nay_o so_o common_a be_v they_o there_o that_o even_o the_o vulgar_a have_v take_v notice_n of_o they_o and_o impose_v a_o name_n upon_o they_o call_z they_o mermaid_n head_n and_o though_o their_o 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shell_n and_o scatter_v they_o all_o over_o the_o dry_a land_n but_o yet_o i_o must_v not_o dismiss_v this_o particular_a till_o i_o have_v say_v something_o to_o a_o objection_n that_o present_o occur_v to_o any_o one_o who_o consider_v this_o matter_n the_o water_n of_o the_o flood_n have_v be_v supply_v partly_o by_o rain_n partly_o by_o the_o break_n up_o of_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a deep_a and_o not_o by_o a_o irruption_n or_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n how_o can_v any_o sea-shell_n at_o all_o be_v bring_v in_o by_o it_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o great_a deep_a communicate_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o water_n rise_v up_o out_o of_o the_o subterraneous_a abyss_n the_o sea_n must_v needs_o succeed_v else_o will_v there_o have_v be_v a_o empty_a space_n leave_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o the_o shellfish_n may_v as_o well_o come_v in_o this_o way_n from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o by_o a_o inundation_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o fish_n in_o the_o lake_n of_o carniola_n call_v the_o zirchnitzer_n sea_n do_v descend_v annual_o under_o ground_n through_o many_o great_a hole_n in_o the_o bottom_n and_o return_v again_o by_o the_o same_o hole_n to_o all_o this_o i_o may_v add_v that_o into_o the_o land_n near_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o low_a hill_n these_o shell_n may_v in_o part_n be_v bring_v by_o particular_a flood_n of_o which_o many_o we_o read_v of_o and_o more_o possible_o than_o be_v record_v in_o any_o history_n may_v have_v happen_v since_o the_o general_a deluge_n hence_o the_o chief_a champion_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o mock-shell_n be_v not_o difficult_a to_o grant_v that_o in_o some_o country_n and_o particular_o along_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n there_o may_v all_o manner_n of_o shell_n be_v find_v promiscuous_o include_v in_o the_o rock_n or_o earth_n and_o at_o good_a distance_n too_o from_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v the_o word_n of_o dr._n lister_n repeat_v and_o approve_v by_o dr._n plot._n but_o this_o will_v not_o serve_v their_o turn_n for_o we_o have_v before_o prove_v that_o in_o the_o middle_a part_n and_o near_o the_o centre_n of_o our_o own_o country_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o sea_n viz._n in_o oxfordshire_n there_o be_v find_v not_o only_o shell-like_a stone_n but_o real_a shell_n or_o mock-shell_n as_o some_o esteem_v they_o for_o figure_n colour_n weight_n consistency_n or_o any_o other_o accident_n not_o to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o true_a shell_n and_o that_o not_o such_o as_o have_v be_v accidental_o scatter_v there_o but_o dig_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n in_o plenty_n and_o of_o fish_n that_o be_v rare_o find_v in_o our_o sea_n pattern_n whereof_o be_v send_v i_o by_o my_o ingenious_a friend_n mr._n lloyd_n who_o i_o hope_v will_v ere_o long_o gratify_v the_o
the_o steep_a rock_n of_o any_o mountain_n i_o have_v see_v and_o that_o not_o only_o in_o their_o high_a cliff_n but_o also_o in_o most_o of_o their_o other_o crag_n till_o you_o descend_v to_o the_o low_a valley_n this_o i_o can_v ascribe_v to_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o rain_n and_o snow_n which_o fall_n on_o those_o high_a mountain_n i_o think_v in_o ten_o time_n the_o quantity_n they_o do_v on_o the_o low_a hill_n and_o valley_n 2._o i_o have_v observe_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o the_o chip_n or_o paring_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o of_o these_o cliff_n to_o lie_v in_o vast_a heap_n at_o the_o root_n of_o they_o and_o these_o be_v of_o several_a sort_n and_o material_n be_v in_o some_o place_n cover_v with_o grass_n and_o in_o other_o as_o bare_a as_o the_o seashore_n and_o those_o bare_a place_n do_v consist_v sometime_o of_o gravel_n and_o a_o innumerable_a number_n of_o rock-fragment_n from_o a_o pound_n weight_n to_o twenty_o etc._n etc._n and_o be_v sometime_o compose_v of_o huge_a stone_n from_o a_o hundred_o pound_n weight_n to_o several_a tun_n 3._o in_o the_o valley_n of_o lhanbery_n and_o nant-phrankon_a the_o people_n find_v it_o necessary_a to_o rid_v their_o ground_n often_o of_o the_o stone_n which_o the_o mountain_n flood_n bring_v down_o and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o this_o care_n they_o often_o lose_v considerable_a parcel_n of_o land_n 4._o i_o affirm_v that_o by_o this_o mean_v not_o only_o such_o mountain_n as_o consist_v of_o much_o earth_n and_o small_a stone_n or_o of_o soft_a rock_n and_o such_o as_o be_v more_o easy_o dissoluble_a be_v thus_o waste_v but_o also_o the_o hard_a rock_n in_o wales_n and_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o weighty_a and_o of_o as_o firm_a and_o close_o a_o texture_n as_o marble_n itself_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o valley_n of_o nant-phrancon_a anno_fw-la 1685._o that_o part_n of_o a_o rock_n of_o one_o of_o the_o impendent_a cliff_n call_v 〈…〉_z become_v so_o undermine_v doubtless_o by_o the_o continual_a rain_n and_o subterraneous_a â—eins_n of_o water_n occasion_v by_o they_o that_o lose_v its_o hold_n it_o fall_v down_o in_o several_a piece_n and_o in_o its_o passage_n down_o a_o sleep_n and_o craggy_a cliff_n dislodge_v thousand_o of_o other_o stone_n whereof_o many_o be_v intercept_v ere_o they_o come_v down_o to_o the_o valley_n but_o as_o much_o come_v down_o as_o ruin_v a_o small_a piece_n of_o ground_n and_o several_a stone_n be_v scatter_v at_o least_o 200_o yard_n asunder_o in_o this_o accident_n one_o great_a stone_n the_o big_a remain_v piece_n of_o the_o break_a rock_n make_v such_o a_o trench_n in_o its_o descent_n as_o the_o small_a mountain_n rill_n common_o run_v in_o and_o when_o it_o come_v down_o to_o the_o plain_a ground_n it_o continue_v its_o passage_n through_o a_o small_a meadow_n and_o a_o considerable_a brook_n and_o lodge_v itself_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o from_o hence_o i_o gather_v that_o all_o the_o other_o vast_a stone_n that_o lie_v in_o our_o mountainous_a valley_n have_v by_o such_o accident_n as_o this_o fall_v down_o unless_o perhaps_o we_o may_v do_v better_a to_o refer_v the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o to_o the_o universal_a deluge_n for_o consider_v there_o be_v some_o thousand_o of_o they_o in_o these_o two_o valley_n of_o lhanbery_n and_o nant-phranâ—on_a whereof_o for_o what_o i_o can_v learn_v there_o be_v but_o two_o or_o three_o that_o have_v fall_v in_o the_o memory_n of_o any_o man_n now_o live_v in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n we_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o allow_v the_o rest_n many_o thousand_o of_o year_n more_o than_o the_o age_n of_o the_o world_n so_o far_o mr._n lloyd_n to_o this_o last_o particular_a and_o for_o a_o further_a account_n of_o it_o may_v be_v add_v that_o sometime_o there_o happen_v strange_a and_o violent_a storm_n and_o hurricane_n wherein_o the_o rain_n be_v drive_v with_o that_o source_n upon_o the_o top_n and_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n by_o furious_a and_o tempestuous_a wind_n as_o to_o do_v more_o execution_n upon_o they_o by_o break_v in_o piece_n tear_v and_o throw_v down_o rock_n and_o stone_n in_o a_o few_o day_n then_o in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n by_o the_o usual_a wether_n be_v effect_v in_o many_o hundred_o year_n 2._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o earth_n thus_o wash_v off_o the_o mountain_n by_o shot_n of_o rain_n and_o carry_v down_o with_o the_o flood_n to_o the_o sea_n about_o the_o outlet_n of_o the_o river_n where_o the_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o water_n cease_v settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o raise_v it_o up_o by_o degree_n above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n the_o land_n continual_o gain_v upon_o and_o drive_v back_o the_o sea_n the_o egyptian_a pharos_n or_o light-house_n of_o old_a time_n stand_v in_o a_o island_n a_o good_a distance_n from_o land_n which_o be_v now_o join_v to_o the_o continent_n the_o interjacent_a fretum_n have_v be_v fill_v up_o by_o the_o silt_n bring_v down_o by_o the_o river_n nilus_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o flood_n subside_v there_o indeed_o the_o ancient_a historian_n do_v true_o make_v the_o whole_a land_n of_o egypt_n to_o have_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o gift_n of_o the_o river_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v gain_v from_o the_o sea_n seneca_n in_o the_o six_o book_n of_o his_o nat._n quest._n chap._n 26._o give_v this_o account_n aegyptus_n ex_fw-la limo_fw-la tota_fw-la concrevit_fw-la tantum_n enim_fw-la si_fw-la homero_n fides_fw-la aberat_fw-la à _fw-la continenti_fw-la pharos_n quantum_fw-la navis_fw-la diurno_fw-la cursu_fw-la metiri_fw-la plenis_fw-la lata_fw-la velis_fw-la potest_fw-la sed_fw-la continenti_fw-la admota_fw-la est_fw-la turbidus_fw-la enim_fw-la defluens_fw-la nilus_n multumque_fw-la secum_fw-la limum_fw-la trahens_fw-la &_o eum_fw-la subinde_fw-la apponens_fw-la prioribus_fw-la terris_fw-la aegyptum_fw-la annuo_fw-la incremento_fw-la semper_fw-la ultra_fw-la tulit_fw-la ind_n pinguis_fw-la &_o limosi_fw-la soli_fw-la est_fw-la nec_fw-la ulla_fw-la intervalla_fw-la in_o se_fw-la habet_fw-la sed_fw-la crevit_fw-la in_o solidum_fw-la arescente_fw-la limo_fw-la quo_fw-la pressa_fw-la erat_fw-la &_o cedens_fw-la structura_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v all_o egypt_n be_v but_o a_o concretion_n of_o mud._n for_o if_o homer_n may_v be_v believe_v the_o pharos_n be_v as_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o continent_n as_o a_o ship_n with_o full_a sail_n can_v run_v in_o a_o day_n time_n but_o now_o it_o be_v join_v to_o it_o for_o nilus_n flow_v with_o trouble_a water_n bring_v down_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o mud_n and_o silt_n and_o add_v it_o to_o the_o old_a land_n carry_v on_o egypt_n further_o and_o further_a still_o by_o a_o annual_a increase_n hence_o it_o be_v of_o a_o fat_a and_o muddy_a soil_n and_o have_v no_o pore_n or_o cavity_n in_o it_o and_o this_o reason_n he_o give_v why_o it_o be_v not_o trouble_v with_o earthquake_n which_o also_o may_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o it_o have_v no_o fresh_a spring_n and_o fountain_n for_o though_o indeed_o dr._n robinson_n do_v very_o probable_o impute_v its_o want_n of_o rain_n and_o spring_n to_o the_o want_n of_o mountain_n yet_o because_o as_o we_o shall_v afterward_o prove_v spring_n may_v be_v derive_v from_o mountain_n at_o a_o good_a distance_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o all_o mountain_n be_v so_o far_o remote_a from_o egypt_n as_o that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o subterraneous_a channel_n of_o that_o length_n as_o to_o derive_v the_o water_n even_o thither_o from_o they_o and_o therefore_o probable_o one_o reason_n of_o their_o want_v of_o spring_n may_v be_v the_o density_n and_o thickness_n of_o the_o soil_n whereby_o it_o become_v impenetrable_a to_o the_o water_n and_o it_o may_v be_v shall_v they_o use_v the_o same_o artifices_fw-la there_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o low_a austria_n and_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o modena_n and_o bologna_n in_o italy_n do_v that_o be_v dig_v and_o bore_v quite_o through_o this_o coat_n of_o mud_n till_o they_o come_v to_o a_o sand_n or_o loose_a earth_n they_o may_v in_o like_a manner_n procure_v themselves_o fountain_n of_o spring_a water_n thus_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a river_n po_n athesis_n brenta_n and_o other_o which_o empty_a themselves_o into_o the_o lagune_n or_o shallow_n about_o venice_n in_o italy_n and_o in_o time_n of_o flood_n bring_v down_o thither_o great_a store_n of_o earth_n those_o lagune_n be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v in_o time_n atterrate_v and_o with_o the_o city_n situate_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o of_o they_o add_v to_o the_o firm_a land_n they_o be_v already_o bare_a at_o every_o ebb_n only_a channel_n maintain_v from_o all_o the_o neighbour_a place_n to_o the_o city_n not_o without_o considerable_a charge_n to_o the_o state_n in_o engine_n and_o labourer_n in_o some_o place_n to_o clear_v they_o of_o the_o mud_n
wherewith_o otherwise_o they_o will_v endanger_v to_o be_v obstruct_v and_o choke_v up_o which_o engine_n they_o call_v cava-fango's_a thus_o in_o the_o camarg_fw-mi or_o isle_n that_o the_o river_n rhosne_fw-fr make_v near_o arles_n in_o provence_n there_o have_v be_v so_o much_o late_o gain_v from_o the_o sea_n that_o the_o watchtower_n have_v in_o the_o memory_n of_o some_o man_n live_v 1665._o be_v remove_v forward_o three_o time_n as_o we_o be_v there_o inform_v and_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o probable_a that_o the_o whole_a low-countries_n be_v thus_o gain_v from_o the_o sea_n for_o varenius_n in_o his_o geography_n tell_v we_o that_o sink_v a_o well_o at_o amsterdam_n at_o near_a a_o hundred_o foot_n depth_n they_o meet_v with_o a_o bed_n or_o floor_n of_o sand_n and_o cockle-shell_n whence_o it_o be_v evident_a one_o will_v think_v that_o of_o old_a time_n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n lie_v so_o deep_a and_o that_o that_o hundred_o foot_n thickness_n of_o earth_n above_o the_o sand_n arise_v from_o the_o sediment_n of_o the_o water_n of_o those_o great_a river_n the_o rhine_n scheld_v maes_n etc._n etc._n which_o there_o about_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o time_n of_o flood_n bring_v down_o with_o they_o abundance_n of_o earth_n from_o the_o upper_a ground_n the_o same_o original_a doubtless_o have_v that_o great_a level_n of_o the_o fen_n run_v through_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n holland_n in_o lincolnshire_n and_o marshland_n in_o norfolk_n that_o there_o have_v be_v no_o small_a quantity_n of_o earth_n thus_o bring_v down_o appear_v also_o in_o that_o along_o the_o channel_n of_o most_o great_a river_n as_o for_o example_n the_o thames_n and_o trent_n in_o england_n especial_o near_o their_o mouth_n or_o outlet_n between_o the_o mountain_n and_o high_a ground_n on_o each_o side_n there_o be_v large_a level_n and_o plains_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v original_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n raise_v up_o and_o atterrate_v by_o earth_n and_o silt_n bring_v down_o by_o those_o river_n in_o great_a flood_n strabo_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o geography_n 〈◊〉_d much_o to_o this_o purpose_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o after_o a_o while_n he_o add_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v for_o this_o land_n up_o and_o atterration_n of_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n about_o the_o mouth_n of_o river_n as_o about_o the_o outlet_n of_o ister_n the_o place_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o desert_n of_o scytâ—ia_n about_o those_o of_o phasis_n the_o sea-coast_n of_o colchis_n which_o be_v sandy_a and_o low_a and_o soâ—t_n about_o thermodin_n and_o iris_n all_o themâ—scyra_n the_o plain_a of_o the_o amazon_n and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o sidene_n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o other_o river_n for_o all_o of_o they_o imitate_v the_o nile_n add_v to_o the_o continent_n or_o mainland_n the_o part_n lie_v before_o their_o mouth_n some_o more_o some_o less_o those_o less_o that_o bring_v not_o down_o much_o mud_n and_o those_o more_o that_o run_v a_o great_a way_n over_o soft_a and_o lose_v ground_n and_o receive_v many_o torrent_n of_o which_o kind_n be_v the_o river_n pyramus_n which_o have_v add_v a_o great_a part_n of_o its_o land_n to_o cilicia_n concern_v which_o there_o be_v a_o oracle_n come_v abroad_o import_v that_o there_o will_v a_o time_n come_v in_o future_a age_n when_o the_o river_n pyramus_n shall_v carry_v on_o the_o shore_n and_o land_n up_o the_o sea_n as_o far_o as_o cyprus_n so_o it_o may_v in_o time_n happen_v that_o the_o whole_a sea_n shall_v gradual_o be_v land_v up_o begin_v from_o the_o shore_n if_o the_o effusion_n of_o the_o river_n that_o be_v the_o earth_n and_o mud_n they_o bring_v down_o do_v spread_v so_o wide_a as_o to_o be_v continuous_a thus_o far_o strabo_n but_o the_o oracle_n he_o mention_n predict_v the_o carry_v on_o and_o continuation_n of_o cilicia_n as_o far_o as_o cyprus_n and_o the_o join_v that_o island_n to_o the_o continent_n prove_v false_a there_o have_v not_o be_v as_o yet_o that_o we_o hear_v or_o read_v of_o any_o considerable_a advance_v make_v towards_o it_o in_o almost_o 2000_o year_n now_o the_o rain_n thus_o continual_o wash_v away_o and_o carry_v down_o earth_n from_o the_o mountain_n and_o high_a ground_n and_o raise_v up_o the_o valley_n near_o the_o sea_n as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v any_o descent_n for_o the_o river_n so_o long_o will_v they_o continue_v to_o run_v carry_v forward_o the_o low_a ground_n and_o straighten_v the_o sea_n which_o also_o by_o its_o work_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o declivity_n easy_o carry_v down_o the_o earth_n towards_o the_o low_a and_o middle_a part_n of_o its_o channel_n alveus_fw-la and_o by_o degree_n may_v sill_z it_o up_o mounseur_fw-fr loubere_fw-la in_o his_o late_a voyage_n to_o siam_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o bank_n and_o sand_n in_o and_o near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a river_n of_o the_o oriental_a kingdom_n occasion_v by_o the_o sediment_n bring_v down_o from_o the_o country_n by_o the_o several_a stream_n so_o that_o say_v he_o the_o navigation_n into_o and_o up_o those_o river_n grow_v more_o and_o more_o difficult_a and_o may_v in_o process_n of_o time_n be_v quite_o interrupt_v the_o same_o observation_n i_o believe_v may_v be_v make_v in_o most_o of_o our_o great_a european_a river_n wherein_o new_a bed_n be_v raise_v and_o old_a one_o enlarge_v moreover_o the_o cloud_n still_o pour_v down_o rain_n upon_o the_o earth_n it_o will_v descend_v as_o far_o as_o there_o be_v any_o declivity_n and_o where_o that_o fail_v it_o will_v stagnate_n and_o join_v with_o sea_n cover_v first_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o by_o degree_n high_a and_o high_o till_o the_o whole_a be_v cover_v to_o this_o we_o may_v add_v that_o some_o assistance_n towards_o the_o level_n of_o the_o mountain_n may_v be_v contribute_v by_o the_o course_n and_o cataract_n of_o subterraneous_a river_n wash_v away_o the_o earth_n continual_o and_o weaken_v their_o foundation_n so_o by_o degree_n cause_v they_o to_o founder_v subside_o and_o fall_v in_o that_o the_o mountain_n do_v daily_o diminish_v and_o many_o of_o they_o sink_v that_o the_o valley_n be_v raise_v that_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v atterrate_v no_o man_n can_v deny_v that_o these_o thing_n must_v needs_o in_o process_n of_o time_n have_v a_o very_a considerable_a and_o great_a effect_n be_v as_o evident_a which_o what_o else_o can_v it_o be_v then_o that_o we_o have_v mention_v moreover_o towards_o this_o level_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o fill_v up_o of_o the_o sea_n the_o fire_n also_o contribute_v its_o mite_n for_o the_o burn_a mountain_n or_o vulcano_n as_o for_o example_n aetna_n and_o vesuvius_n vomit_n at_o time_n out_o of_o their_o bowel_n such_o prodigious_a quantity_n of_o sand_n and_o ash_n and_o with_o that_o force_n that_o they_o be_v by_o the_o wind_n carry_v and_o disperse_v all_o over_o the_o country_n nay_o transport_v over_o sea_n into_o foreign_a and_o remote_a region_n but_o let_v fall_v so_o copious_o in_o the_o circumjacent_a place_n as_o to_o cover_v the_o earth_n to_o a_o considerable_a thickness_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o they_o also_o pour_v forth_o flood_n of_o melt_a stone_n mineral_n and_o other_o material_n that_o run_v down_o as_o low_a as_o the_o sea_n and_o fill_v up_o the_o havens_n as_o of_o old_a one_o near_o catana_n and_o make_v mole_n and_o promontory_n or_o point_n as_o in_o the_o last_o eruption_n both_o of_o aetna_n and_o vesuvius_n the_o top_n of_o these_o mountain_n fall_v in_o and_o subside_v proportionable_o to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o eject_v matter_n as_o borellus_n prove_v meet_v with_o a_o quotation_n in_o dr._n hakewil_n apology_n out_o of_o josephus_n blancanus_n his_o book_n de_fw-fr mundi_fw-la fabrica_fw-la i_o earnest_o desire_v to_o get_v a_o fight_n of_o that_o book_n but_o can_v not_o procure_v it_o till_o the_o copy_n of_o this_o discourse_n be_v out_o of_o my_o hand_n and_o send_v up_o to_o london_n in_o order_n to_o its_o print_n but_o then_o obtain_v it_o i_o find_v it_o so_o exact_o consonant_a to_o my_o own_o thought_n and_o to_o what_o i_o have_v here_o write_v concern_v that_o subject_a and_o some_o particular_n occur_v therein_o by_o i_o omit_v that_o i_o can_v not_o forbear_v translate_n the_o whole_a discourse_n into_o english_a and_o annex_v it_o to_o this_o chapter_n especial_o because_o the_o book_n be_v not_o common_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o the_o discourse_n be_v first_o set_v down_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la mathematicis_fw-la aristotelis_fw-la more_fw-it at_o large_a and_o afterward_o repeat_v
architect_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o mountain_n do_v by_o no_o mean_n grow_v or_o increase_v as_o some_o dream_n 5._o our_o observation_n be_v prove_v from_o that_o art_n which_o be_v now_o much_o practise_v of_o elevate_a and_o land_v up_o depress_v place_n by_o the_o water_n of_o river_n and_o depress_v the_o high_a by_o run_v the_o water_n over_o they_o the_o same_o thing_n happen_v about_o the_o sea_n for_o whereas_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v more_o depress_v than_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o all_o the_o great_a river_n empty_a themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o bring_v in_o with_o they_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o earth_n and_o sand_n there_o must_v needs_o be_v great_a bank_n or_o floor_n of_o earth_n raise_v up_o about_o the_o seashore_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o river_n whereby_o the_o shore_n must_v necessary_o be_v much_o promote_v and_o carry_v forward_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o gain_v upon_o it_o and_o compel_v it_o to_o recede_v this_o may_v be_v prove_v first_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o aristotle_n lib._n 1._o meteor_n cap._n de_fw-fr permutatione_n terrae_fw-la ac_fw-la maris_fw-la and_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n and_o historian_n to_o omit_v that_o proof_n from_o egypt_n aristotle_n second_o example_n of_o this_o land_n up_o of_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o region_n of_o ammonia_n who_o lower_v and_o maritime_a place_n say_v he_o it_o be_v clear_a be_v by_o this_o land_n up_o first_o make_v pool_n and_o fen_n and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n these_o pool_n be_v dry_v up_o and_o raise_v to_o be_v firm_a land_n by_o earth_n bring_v down_o a_o three_o example_n be_v that_o of_o the_o maeotis_n palus_fw-la who_o skirt_n be_v so_o grow_v up_o by_o what_o the_o river_n bring_v down_o that_o the_o water_n will_v not_o carry_v any_o thing_n so_o great_a ship_n as_o they_o will_v have_v do_v sixty_o year_n ago_o a_o four_o be_v the_o thracian_a bosphorus_n which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n may_v be_v see_v in_o he_o add_v hereto_o in_o the_o five_o place_n the_o testimony_n of_o pliny_n who_o tell_v we_o that_o much_o new_a land_n have_v be_v add_v to_o the_o earth_n not_o only_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o river_n but_o desert_v by_o the_o sea_n so_o the_o sea_n have_v recede_v ten_o mile_n from_o the_o port_n of_o ambracia_n and_o five_o from_o that_o of_o athens_n and_o in_o several_a other_o place_n more_o or_o less_o what_o he_o add_v out_o of_o strabo_n concern_v the_o river_n pyramus_n be_v already_o enter_v 6._o neither_o be_v late_a and_o near_a experiment_n want_v of_o old_a time_n ravenna_n stand_v upon_o the_o brâ—â—k_n of_o the_o seashore_n which_o be_v now_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o land_n up_o the_o shallow_n â—ar_v distant_a from_o it_o the_o sea_n wash_v the_o wall_n of_o padâ—â—_n which_o be_v now_o twenty_o five_o mile_n remote_a therefrom_o in_o fine_a our_o rhine_n of_o bolognâ—_n though_o it_o â—e_v but_o a_o small_a torrent_n yet_o in_o a_o few_o year_n since_o it_o have_v be_v by_o a_o artificial_a cut_n let_v into_o the_o po_n it_o have_v so_o fill_v it_o up_o and_o obstruct_v its_o channel_n with_o sand_n and_o mud_n that_o it_o have_v much_o endamage_v the_o neighboar_a field_n see_v then_o by_o these_o various_a â—ggerations_n of_o sand_n and_o sâ—lt_n the_o sea_n be_v daâ—â—y_o cut_v short_a and_o drive_v back_o and_o its_o baâ—in_n or_o receptable_a straighten_a and_o the_o bottom_n 〈…〉_z it_o will_v necessary_o come_v to_o pass_v 〈…〉_z that_o it_o will_v begin_v to_o overflow_v as_o 〈…〉_z in_o many_o place_n for_o example_n 〈…〉_z and_o holland_n shoâ—es_v 〈…〉_z forced_a to_o erect_v and_o 〈◊〉_d loâ—g_v and_o high_a bank_n and_o 〈…〉_z of_o the_o sea_n therefore_o 〈…〉_z manner_n that_o earth_n which_o noâ—_n malces_fw-la 〈…〉_z mountain_n be_v by_o the_o water_n little_a by_o little_a bring_v down_o â—nto_o the_o 〈…〉_z be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o seu_fw-la 〈…〉_z â—â—erflows_v the_o 〈…〉_z globe_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o affusion_n of_o the_o water_n will_v be_v again_o render_v unhabitable_a as_o at_o first_o it_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n will_v return_v to_o their_o primitive_a state_n and_o figure_n in_o which_o they_o ought_v natural_o to_o rest_n hence_o we_o may_v deduce_v some_o consectary_n worthy_a to_o be_v know_v viz._n that_o the_o world_n or_o at_o least_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o endue_v with_o that_o figure_n which_o we_o now_o see_v neither_o can_v the_o world_n endure_v for_o ever_o for_o if_o this_o mountainous_a figure_n have_v be_v in_o it_o from_o eternity_n all_o those_o protuberancy_n of_o the_o mountain_n have_v be_v long_o since_o eat_v away_o and_o waste_v or_o consume_v by_o the_o water_n nor_o can_v this_o world_n be_v eternal_a because_o as_o we_o have_v prove_v in_o process_n of_o time_n it_o will_v be_v reduceâ—_n to_o a_o perfect_a rotundity_n and_o be_v overflow_v by_o the_o sea_n whereupon_o it_o will_v become_v unhabitable_a and_o mankind_n must_v necessary_o perish_v wherefore_o unless_o that_o deluge_n be_v prevent_v by_o the_o 〈◊〉_d which_o the_o holy_a scripture_n mention_v the_o world_n will_v 〈…〉_z by_o water_n long_o after_o i_o have_v commit_v these_o 〈…〉_z write_n i_o meet_v with_o phiâ—o_n judâ—uâ—_n 〈◊〉_d book_n de_fw-fr mundeo_n wherein_o 〈◊〉_d pouche_n this_o matter_n but_o obâ—cureâ—_n and_o in_o a_o very_a â—ew_a word_n thus_o far_a blancanus_n who_o sentiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v this_o matter_n thus_o punctual_o concur_v and_o according_a with_o i_o to_o my_o great_a wonder_n and_o satisfaction_n i_o can_v not_o but_o think_v that_o the_o conclusion_n have_v a_o high_a degree_n of_o probability_n only_o he_o take_v no_o notice_n that_o in_o compensation_n of_o what_o the_o river_n gain_v from_o the_o sea_n about_o their_o outlet_n the_o sea_n may_v gain_v from_o the_o land_n by_o undermine_v and_o wash_v away_o the_o shore_n that_o be_v not_o rocky_a as_o we_o see_v it_o do_v in_o our_o own_o country_n perhaps_o as_o much_o as_o it_o lose_v according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a proverb_n before_o remember_v however_o all_o contribute_v towards_o the_o fill_n up_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o bring_v on_o a_o inundation_n as_o i_o shall_v afterward_o show_v but_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o if_o the_o water_n will_v thus_o natural_o and_o necessary_o in_o process_n of_o time_n again_o overflow_v and_o cover_v the_o earth_n how_o can_v god_n promise_n and_o covenant_n be_v make_v good_a gen._n 9_o 11._o that_o there_o shall_v not_o any_o more_o be_v a_o flood_n to_o destroy_v the_o earth_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o that_o though_o this_o will_v follow_v in_o a_o natural_a way_n yet_o the_o power_n of_o god_n may_v interpose_v to_o prevent_v it_o and_o so_o make_v good_a his_o promise_n 2._o though_o it_o may_v come_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n yet_o will_v it_o be_v after_o so_o many_o age_n that_o it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o likely_a the_o world_n shall_v last_v so_o long_o but_o the_o conflagration_n or_o destruction_n of_o it_o by_o fire_n predict_v by_o the_o scripture_n will_v certain_o prevent_v it_o 3._o possible_o there_o may_v be_v something_o in_o nature_n which_o may_v obviate_v this_o event_n though_o to_o we_o at_o present_a unknown_a which_o i_o be_o the_o more_o inclinable_a to_o believe_v because_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o hasten_v so_o fast_o towards_o it_o as_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n imagine_v and_o as_o the_o activity_n of_o such_o cause_n may_v seem_v to_o require_v as_o i_o have_v already_o intimate_v varenius_n in_o his_o geography_n put_v the_o question_n whether_o the_o ocean_n may_v again_o come_v to_o cover_v all_o the_o earth_n and_o make_v a_o universal_a deluge_n answer_n that_o we_o may_v conceive_v a_o way_n how_o this_o may_v natural_o come_v to_o pass_v the_o manner_n thus_o suppose_v that_o the_o sea_n by_o its_o continual_a work_n do_v undermine_v and_o wash_v away_o the_o shore_n and_o cliff_n that_o be_v not_o rocky_a and_o carry_v the_o earth_n thereof_o down_o towards_o the_o middle_n or_o deep_a part_n of_o its_o channel_n and_o so_o by_o degree_n fill_v it_o up_o by_o do_v this_o perpetual_o it_o may_v in_o a_o long_a succession_n of_o time_n carry_v all_o away_o and_o itself_o cover_v the_o whole_a earth_n that_o it_o do_v thus_o subvert_a and_o wash_v away_o the_o shore_n in_o many_o place_n be_v in_o experience_n true_a about_o dort_n in_o holland_n and_o dullart_n in_o friesland_n and_o in_o zealand_n many_o village_n some_o say_v three_o hundred_o have_v be_v drown_v by_o the_o encroachment_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o some_o of_o their_o tower_n and_o steeple_n still_o extant_a above_o the_o water_n do_v testify_v on_o the_o tuscan_a shore_n kircher_n tell_v we_o
the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o can_v not_o be_v mean_v say_v he_o of_o the_o sepulchre_n because_o that_o be_v hew_v out_o of_o a_o rock_n in_o its_o superficies_n 3._o it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n among_o the_o divine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o hell_n be_v about_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n insomuch_o as_o some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v solicitous_a to_o demonstrate_v that_o there_o be_v room_n enough_o to_o receive_v all_o the_o damn_a by_o give_v we_o the_o dimension_n thereof_o neither_o be_v it_o repugnant_a to_o the_o history_n of_o the_o creation_n in_o genesis_n for_o though_o indeed_o moses_n do_v mention_v only_o water_n and_o earth_n as_o the_o component_a part_n of_o this_o body_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o assert_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o simple_a uniform_a homogeneous_a body_n as_o neither_o do_v we_o when_o we_o say_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o the_o like_a for_o the_o earth_n we_o see_v be_v a_o mass_n make_v up_o of_o a_o multitude_n of_o different_a species_n of_o body_n metal_n mineral_n stone_n and_o other_o fossils_n sand_n day_n marle_n chalk_n etc._n etc._n which_o do_v all_o agree_v in_o that_o they_o be_v consistent_a and_o solid_a more_o or_o less_o and_o be_v in_o that_o respect_n contradistinguish_v to_o water_n and_o together_o compound_v one_o mass_n which_o we_o call_v earth_n whether_o the_o interior_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v make_v up_o of_o so_o great_a a_o variety_n of_o different_a body_n be_v to_o we_o altogether_o unknown_a for_o though_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o collier_n that_o the_o bed_n of_o coal_n lie_v one_o way_n and_o do_v always_o dip_v towards_o the_o east_n let_v they_o go_v never_o so_o deep_a so_o that_o will_v it_o quit_v cost_n and_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o water_n they_o say_v they_o may_v pursue_v the_o bed_n of_o coal_n to_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o coal_n never_o fail_v or_o come_v to_o a_o end_n that_o way_n yet_o that_o be_v but_o a_o rash_a and_o ungrounded_a conjecture_n for_o what_o be_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o profound_a mine_n be_v they_o a_o mile_n deep_a to_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n not_o as_o one_o to_o four_o thousand_o compare_v this_o observation_n of_o dip_v with_o my_o note_n about_o other_o mine_n i_o find_v that_o the_o vein_n or_o bed_n of_o all_o general_o run_v east_n and_o west_n and_o dip_v towards_o the_o east_n of_o which_o what_o account_v or_o reason_n can_v we_o give_v but_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o west_n to_o east_n i_o know_v some_o say_v that_o the_o vein_n for_o example_n of_o tin_n and_o silver_n dip_v to_o the_o north_n though_o they_o confess_v they_o run_v east_n and_o west_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n i_o can_v understand_v the_o vein_n of_o those_o metal_n be_v narrow_a thing_n sir_n tho._n willoughby_n in_o his_o forementioned_a letter_n write_v thus_o i_o have_v talk_v with_o some_o of_o my_o collier_n about_o the_o lie_v of_o the_o coal_n and_o find_v that_o general_o the_o basset_z end_n as_o they_o call_v it_o lie_v west_n and_o run_v deep_a towards_o the_o east_n allow_v about_o twenty_o yard_n in_o length_n to_o gain_v one_o in_o depth_n but_o sometime_o they_o decline_v a_o little_a from_o this_o posture_n for_o my_o lie_n almost_o south-west_n and_o north-east_n they_o always_o sink_v to_o the_o east_n more_o or_o less_o there_o may_v therefore_o for_o aught_o we_o know_v be_v fire_n about_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o body_n if_o it_o can_v find_v a_o pabulum_fw-la or_o fuel_n there_o to_o maintain_v it_o and_o why_o may_v it_o not_o since_o the_o fire_n in_o those_o subterraneous_a cavern_n of_o aetna_n vesuvius_n stromboli_n hecla_n and_o other_o burn_a mountain_n or_o vulcano_n have_v find_v wherewith_o to_o feed_v they_o for_o thousand_o of_o year_n and_o as_o there_o be_v at_o some_o though_o uncertain_a period_n of_o time_n violent_a eruption_n of_o fire_n from_o the_o crater_n of_o those_o mountain_n and_o mighty_a stream_n of_o melt_a material_n pour_v forth_o from_o thence_o so_o why_o may_v not_o this_o central_n fire_n in_o the_o earth_n if_o any_o such_o there_o be_v receive_v accidental_o extraordinary_a supply_n of_o convenient_a fuel_n either_o from_o some_o inflammable_a matter_n within_o or_o from_o without_o rend_v the_o thick_a exterior_a cortex_fw-la which_o imprison_v it_o or_o find_v some_o vent_v and_o issue_n break_v forth_o and_o overflow_v the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o burn_v up_o all_o thing_n this_o be_v not_o impossible_a and_o we_o have_v see_v some_o phaenomena_n in_o nature_n which_o bid_v fair_a towards_o a_o probability_n of_o it_o for_o what_o shall_v be_v the_o reason_n of_o new_a star_n appear_v and_o disappear_v again_o as_o that_o note_a one_o in_o cassiopeia_n which_o at_o first_o shine_v with_o as_o great_a a_o lustre_n as_o venus_n and_o then_o by_o degree_n diminish_v after_o some_o two_o year_n vanish_v quite_o away_o but_o that_o by_o great_a supply_n of_o combustible_a matter_n the_o internal_a fire_n sudden_o increase_v in_o quantity_n and_o force_n either_o find_v or_o make_v its_o way_n through_o the_o crack_n or_o vent_v of_o the_o maculae_fw-la which_o enclose_v it_o and_o in_o a_o instant_n as_o it_o be_v overflow_v the_o whole_a surface_n of_o the_o star_n whence_o proceed_v that_o illustrious_a light_n which_o afterward_o again_o gradual_o decay_v its_o supply_n fail_v whereas_o other_o new_o appear_v star_n which_o either_o have_v a_o constant_a supply_n of_o matter_n or_o where_o the_o fire_n have_v quite_o dissolve_v the_o maculae_fw-la and_o make_v they_o comply_v with_o its_o motion_n have_v endure_v for_o a_o long_a time_n as_o that_o which_o now_o shine_v in_o the_o neck_n of_o cygnus_n which_o appear_v and_o disappear_v at_o certain_a interval_n but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o demonstrable_a that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o central_n fire_n in_o the_o earth_n i_o propose_v the_o eruption_n thereof_o rather_o as_o a_o possible_a than_o probable_a mean_n of_o a_o conflagration_n and_o proceed_v to_o the_o last_o mean_n whereby_o it_o may_v natural_o be_v effect_v and_o that_o be_v sect_n iv._o the_o four_o natural_a cause_n of_o the_o world_n dissolution_n the_o earth_n dryness_n and_o inflammability_n iv._o the_o dryness_n and_o inflammability_n of_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n with_o the_o eruption_n of_o the_o vulcano_n to_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n those_o that_o hold_v the_o inclination_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la to_o the_o ecliptic_a daily_o to_o diminish_v so_o that_o after_o the_o revolution_n of_o some_o age_n they_o will_v jump_v and_o consent_v tell_v we_o that_o the_o sunbeam_n lie_v perpendicular_o and_o constant_o on_o the_o part_n under_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o ground_n thereabouts_o must_v needs_o be_v extreme_o parch_v and_o render_v apt_a for_o inflammation_n but_o for_o my_o part_n i_o own_v no_o such_o decrement_n of_o inclination_n and_o the_o best_a mathematician_n of_o our_o age_n deny_v that_o there_o have_v be_v any_o since_o the_o elder_a observation_n that_o be_v come_v down_o to_o we_o for_o though_o indeed_o ptolemy_n and_o hipparchus_n do_v make_v it_o more_o than_o we_o find_v it_o by_o above_o twenty_o minute_n yet_o that_o difference_n be_v not_o so_o considerable_a but_o that_o it_o may_v well_o be_v impute_v to_o the_o difference_n of_o instrument_n or_o observation_n in_o point_n of_o exactness_n so_o that_o not_o have_v decrease_v for_o eighteen_o hundred_o year_n past_a there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o ground_n for_o conjecture_n that_o it_o will_v alter_v in_o eighteen_o hundred_o year_n to_o come_v shall_v the_o world_n last_o so_o long_o and_o yet_o if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o diminution_n it_o will_v not_o conduce_v much_o so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v see_v to_o the_o bring_v on_o of_o a_o conflagration_n for_o though_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v extreme_o dry_v and_o perchance_o thereby_o render_v more_o inflammable_a yet_o the_o air_n be_v by_o the_o same_o heat_n as_o much_o rarify_v will_v contain_v but_o few_o nitrous_a particle_n and_o so_o be_v inept_v to_o maintain_v the_o fire_n which_o we_o see_v can_v live_v without_o they_o it_o be_v much_o deaden_v by_o the_o sun_n shine_v upon_o it_o and_o burn_v very_o remissly_a in_o summer_n time_n and_o hot_a wether_n for_o this_o reason_n in_o southern_a country_n in_o extraordinary_a hot_a season_n the_o air_n scarce_o suffice_v for_o respiration_n to_o the_o clear_n up_o of_o this_o let_v we_o a_o little_a consider_v what_o fire_n be_v it_o seem_v to_o consist_v of_o three_o different_a sort_n of_o part_n 1._o an_o extreme_o thin_a and_o subtle_a body_n who_o particle_n be_v in_o a_o very_a vehement_a and_o rapid_a motion_n 2._o
a_o suppose_a nitrous_a pabulum_fw-la or_o fuel_n which_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o air._n 3._o a_o sulphureous_a or_o unctuous_a pabulum_fw-la which_o it_o act_n and_o prey_v upon_o pass_v general_o by_o the_o name_n of_o fuel_n this_o '_o forementioned_a subtle_a body_n agitate_v the_o suppose_v nitrous_a particle_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o air_n do_v by_o their_o help_n as_o by_o wedge_n to_o use_v that_o rude_a similitude_n penetrate_v the_o unctuous_a body_n upon_o which_o it_o act_n and_o divide_v they_o into_o their_o immediate_a component_a particle_n and_o at_o length_n perchance_o into_o their_o first_o principle_n which_o operation_n be_v call_v the_o chemical_a anatomy_n of_o mix_v body_n so_o we_o see_v wood_n for_o example_n divide_v by_o fire_n into_o spirit_n oil_n water_n salt_n and_o earth_n that_o fire_n can_v live_v without_o those_o particle_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o air_n be_v manifest_a in_o that_o if_o you_o preclude_v the_o access_n of_o all_o air_n it_o be_v extinguish_v immediate_o and_o in_o that_o where_o and_o when_o the_o air_n be_v more_o charge_v with_o they_o as_o in_o cold_a country_n and_o cold_a wether_n the_o fire_n rage_v most_o that_o likewise_o it_o can_v be_v continue_v without_o a_o unctuous_a pabulum_fw-la or_o fuel_n i_o appeal_v to_o the_o experience_n of_o all_o men._n now_o then_o in_o the_o rarefy_v air_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o nitrous_a particle_n be_v proportionable_o scatter_v and_o thin_a set_v the_o fire_n that_o may_v be_v kindle_v there_o will_v burn_v but_o very_o languid_o and_o remissly_a as_o we_o say_v just_a now_o and_o so_o the_o eruption_n of_o vulcano_n if_o any_o such_o happen_v will_v not_o be_v like_a to_o do_v half_a the_o execution_n there_o that_o they_o will_v do_v in_o cold_a country_n and_o yet_o i_o never_o read_v of_o any_o spread_a conflagration_n cause_v by_o the_o eruption_n of_o any_o vulcano_n either_o in_o hot_a country_n or_o in_o cold_a they_o usual_o cast_v out_o abundance_n of_o thick_a smoke_n like_o cloud_n darken_n the_o air_n and_o likewise_o ash_n and_o stone_n sometime_o of_o a_o vast_a bigness_n and_o some_o of_o they_o as_o vesuvius_n flood_n of_o water_n other_o as_o aetna_n river_n of_o melt_a material_n run_v down_o many_o mile_n as_o for_o the_o flame_v that_o issue_n out_o of_o their_o mouth_n at_o such_o time_n they_o be_v but_o transient_a and_o mount_v upward_o seldom_o set_v any_o thing_n on_o fire_n but_o not_o to_o insist_v upon_o this_o i_o do_v affirm_v that_o there_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o be_v nor_o for_o the_o future_a can_v be_v any_o such_o dry_n or_o parch_v of_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n as_o some_o may_v imagine_v that_o there_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v i_o appeal_v to_o experience_n the_o country_n lie_v under_o the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v at_o this_o day_n as_o fertile_a as_o ever_o they_o be_v and_o want_v no_o more_o moisture_n now_o than_o of_o old_a they_o do_v have_v as_o constant_a and_o plentiful_a rain_n in_o their_o season_n as_o they_o then_o have_v that_o they_o shall_v for_o the_o future_a suffer_v any_o more_o drought_n than_o they_o have_v heretofore_o do_v there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o believe_v or_o imagine_v the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o alter_v nor_o natural_o alterable_a as_o to_o the_o main_a more_o at_o present_a than_o it_o be_v heretofore_o i_o shall_v now_o add_v the_o reason_n why_o i_o think_v there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o exsiccation_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o those_o part_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o be_v there_o nothing_o to_o hinder_v they_o the_o vapour_n exhale_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n in_o those_o hot_a region_n will_v be_v cast_v off_o to_o the_o north_n and_o to_o the_o south_n a_o great_a way_n and_o not_o fall_v down_o in_o rain_n there_o but_o towards_o the_o pole_n but_o the_o long_a and_o continue_a ridge_n or_o chain_n of_o exceed_v high_a mountain_n be_v so_o dispose_v by_o the_o great_a and_o wise_a creator_n of_o the_o world_n as_o at_o least_o in_o our_o continent_n to_o run_v east_n and_o west_n as_o gassendus_fw-la in_o the_o life_n of_o peireskius_n well_o observe_v such_o be_v atlas_n taurus_n and_o the_o alps_o to_o name_n no_o more_o they_o be_v i_o say_v thus_o dispose_v as_o if_o it_o be_v on_o purpose_n to_o obviate_v and_o stop_v the_o evagation_n of_o the_o vapour_n northward_o and_o reflect_v they_o back_o again_o so_o that_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v condense_v and_o fall_v upon_o the_o country_n out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v elevate_v and_o on_o the_o southside_n be_v near_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v likely_a that_o the_o wind_n blow_v for_o the_o most_o part_n from_o thence_o hinder_v their_o excursion_n that_o way_n this_o i_o speak_v by_o presumption_n because_o in_o our_o country_n for_o at_o least_o three_o quarter_n of_o the_o year_n the_o wind_n blow_v from_o the_o great_a atlantic_a ocean_n which_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o julius_n caesar_n in_o the_o five_o of_o his_o commentary_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n corus_n ventus_fw-la qui_fw-la magnam_fw-la partem_fw-la omnis_fw-la temporis_fw-la in_o his_o locis_fw-la flare_v consuevit_fw-la as_o for_o any_o desiccation_n of_o the_o sea_n i_o hold_v that_o by_o mere_a natural_a cause_n to_o be_v impossible_a unless_o we_o can_v suppose_v a_o transmutation_n of_o principle_n or_o simple_a body_n which_o for_o reason_n allege_v in_o a_o former_a discourse_n i_o can_v allow_v i_o be_v then_o and_o be_o still_o of_o opinion_n that_o god_n almighty_n do_v at_o first_o create_v a_o certain_a and_o determinate_a number_n of_o principle_n or_o various_o figure_v corpuscle_n intransmutable_a by_o the_o force_n of_o any_o natural_a agent_n even_o fire_v itself_o which_o can_v only_o separate_v the_o part_n of_o heterogeneous_a body_n yet_o not_o a_o equal_a number_n of_o each_o kind_n of_o these_o principle_n but_o of_o some_o abundant_o more_o as_o of_o water_n earth_n air_n aether_n and_o of_o other_o few_o as_o of_o oil_n salt_n metal_n mineral_n etc._n etc._n now_o that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o body_n indivisible_a by_o fire_n be_v i_o think_v demonstrable_a for_o how_o do_v or_o can_v fire_n be_v conceive_v to_o divide_v one_o can_v hardly_o imagine_v any_o other_o way_n than_o by_o its_o small_a part_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o violent_a agitation_n insinuate_v themselves_o into_o compound_a body_n and_o separate_v their_o part_n which_o allow_v yet_o still_o there_o be_v a_o term_n of_o magnitude_n below_o which_o it_o can_v divide_v viz._n it_o can_v divide_v a_o body_n into_o small_a part_n than_o those_o whereof_o itself_o be_v compound_v for_o take_v suppose_v one_o lest_o part_n of_o fire_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o it_o can_v insinuate_v itself_o into_o a_o body_n as_o little_a or_o less_o than_o itself_o and_o what_o be_v true_a of_o one_o be_v true_a of_o all_o i_o say_v we_o can_v imagine_v no_o other_o way_n than_o this_o unless_o perchance_o by_o a_o violent_a stroke_n or_o shock_n the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n to_o be_v divide_v may_v be_v put_v into_o so_o impetuous_a a_o motion_n as_o to_o fall_v in_o sunder_o of_o themselves_o into_o lesser_a particle_n than_o those_o of_o the_o impellent_fw-fr body_n be_v which_o i_o will_v not_o suppose_v at_o present_a now_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o the_o principle_n of_o some_o other_o simple_a body_n may_v be_v as_o small_a as_o the_o particle_n of_o fire_n but_o however_o that_o be_v it_o be_v enough_o if_o the_o principle_n of_o simple_a body_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o perfect_a solidity_n natural_o indivisible_a such_o a_o simple_a body_n i_o suppose_v water_n separate_v from_o all_o heterogeneous_a mixture_n to_o be_v and_o consequent_o the_o same_o quantity_n thereof_o that_o be_v at_o first_o create_v do_v still_o remain_v and_o will_v continue_v always_o in_o despite_n of_o all_o natural_a agent_n unless_o it_o please_v the_o omnipotent_a creator_n to_o dissolve_v it_o and_o therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o desiccation_n of_o the_o sea_n unless_o by_o turn_v all_o its_o water_n into_o vapour_n and_o suspend_v it_o in_o the_o air_n which_o to_o do_v what_o a_o immense_a and_o long-continuing_a fire_n will_v be_v requisite_a to_o the_o maintenance_n whereof_o all_o the_o inflammable_a material_n near_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v not_o afford_v fuel_n enough_o the_o sun_n we_o see_v be_v so_o far_o from_o do_v it_o that_o it_o have_v not_o make_v one_o step_n towards_o it_o these_o four_o thousand_o year_n there_o be_v in_o all_o likelihood_n as_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o water_n in_o the_o ocean_n now_o as_o be_v immediate_o after_o the_o flood_n and_o consequent_o there_o will_v probable_o remain_v as_o much_o in_o it_o shall_v the_o world_n last_v four_o thousand_o year_n long_o this_o
of_o the_o sea_n may_v swell_v and_o elevate_v the_o sea_n so_o that_o not_o only_o small_a lump_n or_o mass_n of_o matter_n but_o even_o island_n may_v be_v raise_v up_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o neither_o if_o small_a island_n can_v be_v raise_v may_v not_o great_a one_o too_o neither_o may_v island_n be_v heave_v up_o and_o not_o continent_n as_o well_o and_o sicily_n may_v as_o well_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v throw_v up_o out_o of_o the_o deep_a by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o aetnaean_a fire_n and_o stick_v together_o to_o have_v continue_v above_o water_n as_o to_o have_v be_v a_o piece_n break_v off_o from_o italy_n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o island_n of_o lipara_n and_o pithecusae_n of_o the_o possibity_n of_o do_v it_o we_o need_v not_o doubt_n when_o we_o have_v sufficient_a proof_n of_o the_o thing_n do_v in_o lesser_a island_n thus_o heave_v up_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o submarine_a fire_n strabo_n lib._n 1._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v between_o thera_n and_o therasia_n flame_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n for_o four_o day_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a sea_n boil_v and_o burn_v blow_v up_o by_o little_a and_o little_a as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v raise_v by_o machine_n and_o compose_v of_o great_a lump_n or_o mass_n a_o island_n of_o twelve_o furlong_n circumference_n and_o pliny_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o island_n hiera_n near_o italy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o social_n war_n together_o with_o the_o sea_n itself_o do_v burn_v for_o several_a day_n his_o word_n be_v in_o medio_fw-la mari_n hiera_n insula_fw-la juxta_fw-la italiam_fw-la cum_fw-la ipso_fw-la mari_n arsit_fw-la per_fw-la aliquot_fw-la dies_fw-la and_o strabo_n lib._n 1._o report_n that_o about_o methone_n in_o the_o bay_n of_o hermione_n there_o be_v earth_n raise_v and_o as_o it_o be_v blow_v up_o to_o the_o height_n of_o seven_o furlong_n by_o a_o fiery_a breath_n or_o exhalation_n which_o by_o day_n time_n be_v unaccessible_a by_o reason_n of_o heat_n and_o sulphureous_a slench_v but_o smell_v sweet_a by_o night_n and_o shine_v so_o as_o to_o be_v see_v asar_n off_o likewise_o cast_v such_o a_o heat_n as_o to_o cause_v the_o sea_n to_o boil_v for_o five_o furlong_n and_o to_o render_v it_o trouble_v for_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o raise_v up_o therein_o a_o baich_n or_o bank_n of_o stone_n as_o big_a as_o tower_n these_o instance_n i_o allege_v principal_o because_o they_o seem_v to_o demonstrate_v a_o possibility_n of_o the_o accension_n of_o fire_n in_o the_o earth_n when_o it_o be_v whole_o cover_v with_o water_n and_o have_v no_o intercourse_n or_o communion_n with_o the_o superior_a or_o external_a air_n which_o be_v the_o main_a and_o most_o material_a objection_n against_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n at_o the_o begin_n by_o subterraneous_a fire_n you_o will_v say_v if_o the_o mountain_n be_v thus_o heave_v up_o by_o subterraneous_a fire_n the_o earth_n must_v needs_o be_v hollow_a all_o underneath_o they_o and_o there_o must_v be_v vast_a den_n and_o cavern_n disperse_v throughout_o they_o i_o answer_v it_o be_v true_a indeed_o so_o there_o be_v as_o may_v undeniable_o be_v prove_v by_o instance_n for_o the_o new_a mountain_n we_o mention_v at_o puteoli_n that_o be_v thus_o raise_v be_v of_o a_o mile_n steep_a ascent_n and_o four_o mile_n round_o at_o the_o foot_n a_o proportionable_a cavity_n must_v be_v leave_v in_o the_o earth_n underneath_o and_o the_o mountain_n aetna_n at_o the_o last_o eructation_n alone_o have_v disgorge_v out_o of_o its_o bowel_n so_o great_a a_o flood_n of_o melt_a material_n as_o if_o spread_v at_o the_o depth_n and_o breadth_n of_o three_o foot_n may_v reach_v four_o time_n round_a the_o whole_a circuit_n of_o the_o terraqueous_a globe_n there_o must_v likewise_o a_o answerable_a vault_n be_v leave_v within_o you_o will_v demand_v how_o then_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o they_o stand_v so_o firm_a and_o do_v not_o founder_v and_o fall_v in_o after_o so_o many_o age_n i_o answer_v that_o they_o may_v stand_v appear_v by_o the_o foresay_a new-raised_a mountain_n for_o notwithstanding_o the_o cavity_n in_o and_o under_o it_o it_o have_v stand_v firm_a and_o staunch_a without_o the_o least_o sink_a or_o subsidency_n for_o above_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o great_a sink_n or_o fall_v in_o at_o aetna_n itself_o at_o least_o in_o no_o degree_n answerable_a to_o it_o be_v eject_v matter_n this_o assertion_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o unanimous_a vote_n and_o testimony_n of_o all_o writer_n ancient_a and_o modern_a who_o have_v handle_v this_o subject_a but_o alphonsus_n borellus_n suppose_v they_o not_o to_o have_v due_o consider_v the_o matter_n and_o calculate_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o eject_v material_n and_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o compare_v they_o together_o but_o to_o have_v be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o prejudices_fw-la and_o persuasion_n of_o the_o people_n who_o look_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n at_o a_o distance_n think_v it_o but_o a_o small_a thing_n in_o comparison_n of_o the_o eject_v sand_n and_o ash_n that_o cover_v whole_a country_n and_o those_o vast_a river_n of_o liquid_a stone_n and_o other_o ingredient_n that_o run_v down_o so_o many_o mile_n whereas_o he_o by_o a_o moderate_a computation_n find_v out_o that_o the_o total_a of_o what_o the_o mountain_n disgorge_v at_o the_o last_o eruption_n amount_v not_o as_o i_o remember_v to_o the_o fourteen_o thousand_o part_n of_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o whole_a mountain_n the_o reason_n be_v the_o strength_n and_o firmness_n of_o their_o vaulture_n and_o pillar_n sufficient_a to_o support_v the_o superincumbent_a weight_n and_o yet_o in_o some_o place_n there_o be_v sinking_n and_o fall_n in_o which_o have_v afterward_o become_v valley_n or_o pool_n of_o water_n but_o as_o for_o the_o cavity_n that_o be_v low_a than_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n the_o water_n where_o it_o can_v insinuate_v and_o make_v its_o way_n have_v fill_v they_o up_o to_o that_o height_n i_o say_v where_o it_o can_v make_v its_o way_n for_o that_o there_o be_v many_o empty_a cavity_n even_o under_o the_o sea_n itself_o appear_v by_o the_o shake_n and_o heat_n too_o of_o the_o very_a water_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o some_o place_n in_o earthquake_n and_o raise_v up_o the_o border_n or_o skirt_n of_o it_o so_o as_o to_o drive_v the_o water_n a_o great_a way_n back_o and_o the_o raise_n up_o new_a island_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o delos_n and_o rhodes_n and_o anaphe_n and_o nea_n and_o alone_o and_o hiera_n and_o thera_n mention_v by_o pliny_n hist_o lib._n 2._o c._n 87._o and_o thia_n in_o his_o own_o time_n and_o therasia_n in_o the_o aegean_a in_o senaca_n time_n which_o be_v heave_v up_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o many_o mariner_n then_o present_a and_o look_v on_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o the_o learned_a man_n i_o late_o quote_v i_o mean_v alph._n borellus_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr incendiis_fw-la aetnae_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o middle_a part_n or_o as_o he_o call_v it_o the_o kernel_n of_o that_o mountain_n be_v firm_a and_o solid_a without_o any_o great_a cavern_n or_o vacuity_n and_o that_o all_o those_o vault_n and_o cavity_n in_o which_o the_o fire_n rage_n be_v near_o the_o superficial_a or_o cortical_a part_n and_o deride_v those_o who_o fancy_n that_o aetna_n the_o aeolian_a island_n lipara_n strongyle_n etc._n etc._n and_o vesuvius_n do_v communicate_v by_o subterraneous_a channel_n and_o passage_n run_v under_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o save_v the_o respect_n due_a to_o he_o for_o his_o learning_n and_o ingenuity_n there_o be_v good_a authority_n on_o their_o side_n and_o our_o ratiocination_n against_o the_o possibility_n of_o such_o a_o thing_n must_v give_v place_n to_o the_o clear_a proof_n of_o matter_n of_o fact_n julius_n ethnicus_fw-la a_o ancient_a writer_n quote_v by_o ludovicus_n vives_n in_o his_o annotation_n upon_o s._n augustine_n de_fw-fr civitate_fw-la dei_fw-la give_v we_o this_o relation_n marco_n aemilio_n lucio_n aurelio_n consulibus_fw-la aetna_n mons_fw-la terrae_fw-la motu_fw-la ignes_fw-la super_fw-la verticem_fw-la latè_fw-la diffudit_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la insulam_fw-la liparam_fw-la mare_fw-la efferbuit_fw-la &_o quibusdam_fw-la adustis_fw-la navibus_fw-la vapore_fw-la plerósque_fw-la navaleis_fw-la exanimavit_fw-la piscium_fw-la vim_o magnam_fw-la exanimem_fw-la dispersit_fw-la quos_fw-la liparenses_fw-la avidiùs_fw-la epulis_fw-la adpetenteis_fw-la contaminatione_fw-la ventris_fw-la consumpti_fw-la sunt_fw-la ita_fw-la ut_fw-la nouâ_fw-la pestilentià _fw-la vast_a arentur_fw-la insulae_fw-la that_o be_v marcus_z aemilius_z and_o lucius_n aurelius_n be_v consul_n mount_v aetna_n be_v shake_v by_o a_o earthquake_n cast_v forth_o and_o scatter_v fire_n from_o its_o top_n far_o and_o wide_o at_o which_o time_n
he_o and_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v not_o very_o probable_a because_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a there_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o sea_n extraordinary_a depth_n of_o that_o vast_a length_n and_o extension_n as_o those_o huge_a ridge_n of_o mountain_n that_o run_v almost_o quite_o through_o the_o continent_n and_o because_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o water_n of_o river_n that_o slow_a gentle_o but_o especial_o of_o the_o sea_n to_o level_v the_o bottom_n of_o their_o channel_n and_o receptacle_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o those_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n who_o bottom_n be_v uncover_v at_o low-water_n and_o in_o dry_a land_n that_o have_v be_v desert_v by_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o fen_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n and_o the_o craux_n in_o provence_n in_o france_n etc._n etc._n which_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o perfect_a level_n as_o far_o as_o one_o can_v ken_v though_o possible_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sea_n may_v not_o descend_v down_o so_o low_a as_o those_o depth_n and_o so_o may_v not_o level_v the_o bottom_n of_o they_o but_o against_o what_o i_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o level_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o mariner_n and_o divers_a find_v no_o such_o thing_n but_o the_o quite_o contrary_a viz._n that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v as_o unequal_a as_o the_o land_n sometime_o ten_o or_o twelve_o fathom_n on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o one_o hundred_o on_o the_o other_o as_o mr._n boyl_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o relation_n about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n consonant_n whereto_o be_v the_o account_n of_o divers_a and_o i_o have_v say_v my_o worthy_a friend_n dr._n talc_n robinson_n in_o one_o of_o his_o letter_n to_o i_o read_v in_o voyage_n of_o vast_a rock_n of_o salt_n observe_v in_o some_o place_n under_o the_o sea_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o i_o shall_v indeed_o have_v except_v such_o place_n as_o be_v rocky_a which_o bear_v a_o very_a little_a proportion_n to_o the_o latitude_n and_o extent_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_v not_o far_o off_o the_o land_n i_o myself_o have_v see_v so_o much_o of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n round_o about_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o low-countries_n of_o italy_n and_o sicily_n that_o i_o think_v i_o may_v bold_o pronounce_v in_o general_a that_o where_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o rocky_a but_o earth_n owze_v or_o sand_n and_o that_o be_v incomparable_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o it_o be_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n so_o far_o as_o the_o reciprocation_n of_o the_o sea_n extend_v to_o the_o bottom_n bring_v to_o a_o level_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v now_o unequal_a will_v in_o time_n be_v level_v again_o by_o level_a i_o do_v not_o mean_v so_o as_o to_o have_v no_o declivity_n for_o the_o reciprocation_n preserve_v that_o the_o flood_n hinder_v in_o good_a measure_n the_o constant_a carry_v down_o of_o the_o bottom_n but_o only_a to_o have_v a_o equal_a uniform_a and_o easy_a descent_n from_o the_o shore_n to_o the_o deep_n now_o all_o those_o report_n of_o divers_a and_o navigator_n refer_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o rocky_a place_n for_o mariner_n seldom_o sound_v but_o in_o such_o place_n and_o in_o shallow_n and_o urinator_n have_v no_o reason_n to_o dive_v where_o the_o bottom_n be_v level_a and_o sandy_a and_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n descend_v to_o a_o good_a depth_n i_o prove_v from_o those_o plant_n that_o grow_v deep_a in_o the_o sea_n because_o they_o all_o general_o grow_v flat_a in_o manner_n of_o a_o fan_n and_o not_o with_o branch_n on_o all_o side_n like_o tree_n which_o be_v so_o contrive_v by_o the_o providence_n of_o nature_n because_o the_o edge_n of_o they_o do_v in_o that_o posture_n with_o most_o ease_n cut_v the_o water_n flow_v to_o and_o fro_o and_o shall_v the_o flat_a side_n be_v object_v to_o the_o stream_n it_o will_v be_v turn_v edgewise_o by_o the_o force_n of_o it_o because_o in_o that_o site_n it_o do_v least_o resist_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n whereas_o do_v the_o branch_n of_o those_o plant_n grow_v round_o as_o in_o tree_n they_o will_v be_v throw_v down_o backward_o and_o forward_o every_o tide_n nay_o not_o only_o the_o herbaceous_a and_o woody_a submarine_a plant_n but_o even_o the_o lithophyta_n themselves_o affect_v this_o manner_n of_o grow_v if_o they_o be_v any_o thing_n ramose_fw-la and_o rise_v to_o a_o considerable_a height_n as_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o various_a kind_n of_o coral_n and_o pori_n hence_o i_o suspect_v those_o relation_n of_o tree_n grow_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n there_o as_o for_o the_o maldiva_n nut_n till_o better_a information_n i_o adhere_v to_o garcias_n his_o opinion_n that_o the_o tree_n that_o bear_v those_o nut_n be_v of_o old_a time_n together_o with_o the_o land_n on_o which_o they_o grow_v overwhelm_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o there_o harden_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o afterward_o cast_v up_o by_o the_o work_n of_o the_o sea_n again_o which_o thing_n be_v very_o probable_a for_o to_o this_o day_n some_o of_o those_o maldiva_n island_n be_v now_o and_o then_o drown_v and_o swallow_v up_o by_o the_o sea_n further_n i_o do_v believe_v that_o in_o the_o great_a depth_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o grow_v no_o plant_n at_o all_o the_o bottom_n be_v too_o remote_a from_o the_o external_a air_n which_o though_o it_o may_v pierce_v the_o water_n so_o low_a yet_o i_o doubt_v whether_o in_o quantity_n sufficient_a for_o the_o vegetation_n of_o plant_n nay_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o in_o those_o deep_a and_o bottomless_a sea_n there_o be_v no_o fish_n neither_o yet_o not_o because_o there_o be_v no_o plant_n or_o infect_v to_o feed_v they_o for_o that_o they_o can_v live_v upon_o water_n alone_o rondeletius_n his_o experiment_n about_o keep_v they_o in_o a_o glass_n do_v undeniable_o prove_v but_o because_o their_o spawn_n will_v be_v lose_v in_o those_o sea_n the_o bottom_n be_v too_o cold_a for_o it_o to_o quicken_v there_o this_o answer_n and_o discourse_n though_o it_o be_v insert_v into_o another_o treatise_n yet_o proper_o belong_v to_o this_o place_n to_o which_o i_o have_v therefore_o restore_v it_o beg_v the_o reader_n excuse_v for_o this_o repetition_n i_o now_o proceed_v that_o it_o be_v consonant_a to_o the_o best_a observation_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o its_o mountain_n above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o the_o one_o be_v answerable_a to_o the_o other_o varenius_n in_o his_o geogr._n witness_v p._n 152._o caeterùm_fw-la ex_fw-la observata_fw-la hactenus_fw-la in_o plerisque_fw-la locis_fw-la profunditate_fw-la oceani_fw-la manifestum_fw-la est_fw-la eam_fw-la fere_n aequalem_fw-la altitudini_fw-la sive_fw-la elevationi_fw-la montium_fw-la &_o locorum_fw-la mediterraneorum_fw-la supra_fw-la littora_fw-la nimirum_fw-la quantum_fw-la hoec_fw-la elevantur_fw-la &_o extant_a supra_fw-la littorum_fw-la horizontem_fw-la tantum_fw-la alvei_fw-la maris_fw-la infra_fw-la eum_fw-la deprimuntur_fw-la sive_fw-la quantum_fw-la assurgit_fw-la terra_fw-la à _fw-la littoribus_fw-la versùs_fw-la mediterranea_fw-la loca_fw-la tuntundem_fw-la paulatim_fw-la magis_fw-la magìsque_fw-la deprimitur_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la medii_fw-la oceani_fw-la loca_fw-la ubi_fw-la plerumque_fw-la maxima_fw-la est_fw-la profunditas_fw-la that_o be_v from_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o ocean_n as_o far_o as_o have_v be_v hitherto_o observe_v in_o most_o place_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o that_o profundity_n be_v near_a equal_a to_o the_o altitude_n or_o elevation_n of_o the_o mediterraneous_a place_n above_o the_o shore_n that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o much_o as_o these_o be_v elevate_v and_o stand_v up_o above_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o shore_n so_o much_o be_v the_o channel_n of_o the_o sea_n depress_v below_o it_o or_o as_o much_o as_o the_o earth_n rise_v from_o the_o shore_n towards_o the_o mediterraneous_a place_n so_o much_o be_v it_o by_o little_a and_o little_o more_o and_o more_o depress_v to_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o ocean_n where_o the_o great_a depth_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v and_o brerewood_n in_o his_o inquiry_n pertinent_o to_o our_o purpose_n suppose_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o the_o height_n of_o the_o hill_n above_o the_o common_a surface_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o that_o in_o make_v estimation_n of_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n we_o be_v not_o to_o reckon_v and_o consider_v only_o the_o height_n of_o the_o hill_n above_o the_o common_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o advantage_n or_o height_n of_o all_o the_o dry_a land_n above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n because_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o
now_o appear_v above_o the_o water_n be_v take_v as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o place_n which_o the_o water_n now_o possess_v must_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o place_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v take_v and_o consequent_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o height_n or_o elevation_n of_o the_o one_o shall_v answer_v to_o the_o depth_n or_o descend_v of_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o as_o i_o say_v in_o estimate_v the_o deepness_n of_o the_o sea_n we_o be_v not_o to_o consider_v only_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o hill_n above_o the_o ordinary_a land_n but_o the_o advantage_n of_o all_o the_o dry_a land_n above_o the_o sea_n which_o latter_a i_o mean_v the_o height_n of_o the_o ordinary_a main_a land_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n more_o in_o large_a continent_n above_o the_o sea_n than_o that_o of_o the_o hill_n be_v above_o the_o land_n for_o that_o the_o plain_a and_o common_a face_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n be_v not_o level_a or_o equal_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n but_o have_v great_a declivity_n and_o descent_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o acclivity_n or_o rise_n towards_o the_o midland_n part_n although_o it_o appear_v not_o so_o to_o the_o common_a view_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v to_o reason_n notwithstanding_o manifest_v because_o as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o sea_n cover_v that_o it_o descend_v low_a and_o low_a towards_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o sea_n which_o touch_v the_o upper_a face_n of_o it_o be_v know_v to_o be_v level_a by_o nature_n and_o even_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n be_v withal_o observe_v to_o wax_v deep_a and_o deep_o the_o further_a one_o sail_v from_o the_o shore_n towards_o the_o main_a even_o so_o in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v uncover_v the_o coursing_n and_o streaming_n of_o river_n on_o all_o side_n from_o the_o midland_n part_n towards_o the_o sea_n who_o property_n we_o know_v be_v to_o slide_v from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a evident_o declare_v so_o much_o 10._o this_o author_n with_o damascen_n suppose_v that_o the_o unevenness_n and_o irregularity_n which_o be_v now_o see_v in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v cause_v either_o by_o take_v some_o part_n out_o of_o the_o upper_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o sundry_a place_n to_o make_v it_o more_o hollow_a and_o lay_v they_o in_o other_o place_n to_o make_v it_o more_o convex_a or_o else_o which_o in_o effect_n be_v equivalent_a to_o that_o by_o raise_v up_o some_o and_o depress_v other_o to_o make_v room_n and_o receipt_n for_o the_o sea_n that_o mutation_n be_v wrought_v by_o the_o power_n of_o that_o word_n let_v the_o water_n be_v gather_v into_o one_o place_n that_o the_o dry_a land_n may_v appear_v this_o proportion_v of_o the_o cavity_n appoint_v to_o receive_v the_o sea_n to_o the_o protuberancy_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n above_o the_o common_a superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v to_o i_o a_o sufficient_a argument_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o gather_v together_o of_o the_o water_n into_o one_o place_n be_v a_o work_n of_o counsel_n and_o design_n and_o if_o not_o effect_v by_o the_o immediate_a finger_n of_o god_n yet_o at_o least_o govern_v and_o direct_v by_o he_o so_o the_o scripture_n affirm_v the_o place_n to_o receive_v the_o sea_n to_o have_v be_v prepare_v by_o god_n psalm_n 104._o 8._o now_o in_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n to_o the_o give_v a_o account_n whereof_o whatever_a hypothesis_n we_o can_v possible_o invent_v can_v be_v but_o mere_o conjectural_a those_o be_v to_o be_v most_o approve_v that_o come_v near_a to_o the_o letter_n of_o scripture_n and_o those_o that_o 〈◊〉_d with_o it_o to_o be_v reject_v how_o trim_a or_o consistent_a soever_o with_o themselves_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o when_o god_n tell_v we_o how_o he_o do_v make_v the_o world_n for_o as_o to_o tell_v he_o how_o he_o shall_v have_v make_v it_o but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o present_a earth_n look_v like_o a_o heap_n of_o rubbish_n and_o ruin_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o great_a example_n of_o confusion_n in_o nature_n than_o mountain_n single_o or_o joint_o consider_v and_o that_o there_o appear_v not_o the_o least_o footstep_n of_o any_o art_n or_o counsel_n either_o in_o the_o figure_n and_o shape_n or_o order_n and_o disposition_n of_o mountain_n and_o rock_n wherefore_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a they_o come_v so_o out_o of_o god_n hand_n who_o by_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n be_v say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o to_o make_v all_o thing_n in_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o present_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o all_o its_o mountain_n and_o hill_n its_o promontory_n and_o rock_n as_o rude_a and_o deform_a as_o they_o appear_v seem_v to_o i_o a_o very_a beautiful_a and_o pleasant_a object_n and_o with_o all_o that_o variety_n of_o hill_n and_o valley_n and_o inequality_n far_o more_o grateful_a to_o behold_v than_o a_o perfect_o level_v country_n without_o any_o rise_n or_o protuberancy_n to_o terminate_v the_o sight_n as_o any_o one_o that_o have_v on_o the_o one_o hand_n see_v the_o isle_n of_o ely_n or_o any_o the_o like_a country_n exact_o level_a and_o extend_v on_o all_o side_n further_o than_o one_o can_v ken_v or_o that_o have_v be_v far_o out_o at_o sea_n where_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v see_v but_o sky_n and_o water_n and_o on_o the_o other_o from_o the_o down_n of_o sussex_n enjoy_v that_o spacious_a and_o ravish_a prospect_n of_o the_o country_n on_o one_o hand_n and_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o other_o compare_v both_o object_n must_v necessary_o confess_v 2._o they_o be_v useful_a to_o mankind_n in_o afford_v they_o convenient_a place_n for_o habitation_n and_o situation_n of_o house_n and_o village_n serve_v as_o skreen_n to_o keep_v off_o the_o cold_a and_o nip_a blast_n of_o the_o northern_a and_o easterly_a wind_n and_o reflect_v the_o benign_a and_o cherish_a sunbeam_n and_o so_o render_v their_o habitation_n both_o more_o comfortable_a and_o cheer_o in_o winter_n and_o promote_a the_o growth_n of_o herb_n and_o fruit-tree_n and_o the_o maturation_n of_o their_o fruit_n in_o summer_n besides_o cast_v off_o the_o water_n they_o lay_v the_o garden_n yard_n and_o avenue_n to_o the_o house_n dry_a and_o clean_a and_o so_o as_o well_o more_o salutary_a as_o more_o elegant_a whereas_o house_n build_v in_o plain_n unless_o shade_v with_o tree_n stand_v bleak_a and_o expose_v to_o wind_n and_o weather_n and_o all_o winter_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v grievous_o annoy_v with_o mire_n and_o dirt_n 3._o a_o land_n so_o distinguish_v into_o mountain_n valley_n and_o plain_n be_v also_o most_o convenient_a for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o various_a sort_n of_o animal_n which_o god_n have_v create_v some_o whereof_o delight_n in_o cold_a some_o in_o hot_a some_o moist_a and_o watery_a some_o in_o dry_a and_o upland_n place_n and_o some_o of_o they_o can_v neither_o find_v nor_o gather_v their_o proper_a food_n in_o different_a region_n some_o beast_n and_o bird_n we_o find_v live_v upon_o the_o high_a top_n of_o the_o alps_o and_o that_o all_o the_o winter_n too_o while_o they_o be_v constant_o cover_v with_o snow_n as_o the_o ibex_n and_o rupicapra_n or_o chamois_n among_o quadruped_n and_o lagopus_n among_o bird_n 4._o the_o mountain_n be_v most_o proper_a for_o the_o put_v forth_o of_o plant_n yield_v the_o great_a variety_n and_o the_o most_o luxuriant_a sort_n of_o vegetable_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o animal_n proper_a to_o those_o place_n and_o for_o medicinal_a uses_n partly_o also_o for_o the_o exercise_n and_o delight_n of_o such_o ingenious_a person_n as_o be_v addict_v to_o search_v out_o and_o collect_v those_o rarity_n to_o contemplate_v and_o consider_v their_o form_n and_o nature_n and_o to_o admire_v and_o celebrate_v the_o wisdom_n of_o their_o creator_n 5._o all_o manner_n of_o metal_n mineral_n and_o fossils_n if_o they_o can_v be_v generate_v in_o a_o level_a earth_n of_o which_o there_o be_v some_o question_n yet_o shall_v they_o be_v dug_n or_o mine_v for_o the_o delfs_n must_v necessary_o be_v so_o fly_v with_o water_n which_o to_o derive_v and_o rid_v away_o no_o adit_n or_o sough_n can_v be_v make_v and_o i_o much_o doubt_n whether_o gin_n will_v suffice_v that_o it_o will_v be_v extreme_o difficult_a and_o chargeable_a if_o possible_a to_o work_v they_o at_o all_o 6._o neither_o be_v the_o very_a top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n barren_a of_o grass_n for_o the_o feed_n and_o fatten_v of_o beast_n for_o on_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n of_o jura_n and_o saleve_n near_o geneva_n and_o thoâ—e_v of_o rhoetia_n or_o the_o grison_n country_n which_o be_v the_o high_a of_o all_o
the_o alps_o except_v the_o vallesian_n and_o sabaudian_n there_o be_v multitude_n of_o cow_n feed_v in_o summer_n time_n as_o i_o myself_o can_v witness_v have_v in_o my_o simple_a voyage_n on_o those_o of_o jura_n and_o saleve_n observe_v herd_n of_o cattle_n there_o and_o many_o dairy-house_n build_v where_o i_o have_v be_v more_o than_o once_o refresh_v by_o their_o milk_n and_o milk-meat_n nay_o there_o be_v but_o very_o few_o and_o those_o of_o the_o high_a summit_n of_o the_o alps_o that_o keep_v snow_n all_o summer_n and_o i_o be_v tell_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o one_o time_n or_o other_o in_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n space_n for_o the_o most_o part_n there_o come_v a_o summer_n that_o melt_v all_o the_o snow_n that_o lie_v on_o they_o too_o 7._o another_o great_a use_n and_o necessity_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o hill_n be_v for_o the_o generation_n and_o maintenance_n of_o river_n and_o fountain_n which_o in_o our_o hypothesis_n that_o all_o proceed_v from_o rain-water_n can_v not_o be_v without_o they_o or_o but_o rare_o so_o we_o shall_v have_v only_a torrent_n which_o will_v fail_v in_o summer_n time_n or_o any_o dry_a season_n and_o nothing_o to_o trust_v to_o but_o stagnate_v water_n reserve_v in_o pool_n and_o cistern_n which_o how_o great_a a_o inconvenience_n it_o will_v be_v i_o need_v not_o take_v pain_n to_o show_v i_o say_v that_o fountain_n and_o river_n will_v be_v but_o rare_a be_v there_o no_o mountain_n for_o upon_o serious_a consideration_n i_o find_v that_o i_o be_v too_o hasty_a in_o etc._n conclnd_v because_o i_o have_v observe_v no_o fountain_n spring_v up_o in_o plain_n therefore_o there_o be_v or_o can_v be_v absolute_o none_o and_o do_v now_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o believe_v the_o relation_n make_v of_o such_o for_o the_o whole_a dry_a land_n be_v but_o one_o continue_a mountain_n and_o ascend_v all_o along_o from_o the_o sea_n to_o the_o midland_n as_o be_v undeniable_o prove_v by_o the_o descent_n of_o river_n even_o in_o plain_a country_n the_o water_n sink_v into_o the_o earth_n may_v run_v under_o ground_n and_o according_a as_o the_o vein_n lead_v it_o break_v out_o in_o the_o side_n of_o this_o mountain_n though_o the_o place_n as_o to_o outward_a appearance_n be_v a_o plain_n i_o shall_v now_o add_v that_o though_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o without_o mountain_n there_o may_v be_v spring_n if_o there_o shall_v be_v rain_n which_o it_o be_v somewhat_o questionable_a be_v there_o no_o mountain_n whether_o there_o can_v be_v or_o no_o at_o least_o in_o hot_a country_n yet_o be_v it_o probable_a that_o most_o of_o those_o spring_n we_o find_v in_o plain_n or_o depress_a place_n distant_a from_o mountain_n may_v come_v along_o in_o subterraneous_a channel_n from_o the_o next_o mountain_n and_o there_o break_v out_o mounseur_fw-fr blundel_n relate_v to_o the_o parisian_a academy_n what_o device_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o low_a austria_n which_o be_v encompass_v with_o the_o mountain_n of_o stiria_n be_v wont_a to_o use_v to_o fill_v their_o well_n with_o water_n they_o dig_v in_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o depth_n of_o twenty_o or_o five_o and_o twenty_o foot_n till_o they_o come_v to_o a_o argilla_fw-la clammy_a earth_n then_o they_o bear_v a_o hole_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o stone_n about_o five_o or_o six_o inch_n broad_a and_o through_o it_o boâ—e_n the_o argilla_fw-la so_o deep_a till_o the_o water_n break_v forcible_o out_o which_o water_n it_o be_v probable_a come_v from_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n in_o subterraneous_a channel_n and_o cassinus_fw-la observe_v that_o in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o territory_n of_o modena_n and_o bologna_n in_o italy_n they_o make_v themselves_o well_n of_o spring_a water_n by_o the_o like_a artifice_n they_o dig_v in_o the_o earth_n till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o water_n which_o stagnate_v in_o common_a well_n which_o they_o draw_v quite_o out_o then_o within_o this_o new_a dig_v well_o they_o make_v two_o cylindrical_a wall_n concentrical_a one_o to_o another_o the_o space_n or_o interstice_n between_o they_o they_o fill_v and_o ramm_n close_o with_o well_o wrought_v argilla_fw-la or_o day_n to_o keep_v out_o the_o ambient_fw-la water_n which_o do_v they_o sink_v the_o well_o deep_o into_o the_o ground_n and_o continue_v the_o inner_a wall_n so_o low_a till_o the_o earth_n underneath_o seem_v to_o swell_v by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o water_n rise_v up_o and_o last_o they_o bear_v this_o earth_n or_o soil_n with_o a_o long_a wimble_n whereupon_o the_o water_n break_v forth_o through_o the_o hole_n with_o a_o great_a force_n so_o that_o it_o do_v not_o only_o fill_v the_o well_o but_o overflow_v and_o water_n the_o neighbour_a field_n with_o a_o constant_a stream_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o same_o seigneur_fw-fr cassini_n make_v a_o fountain_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o urbin_n that_o cast_v up_o the_o water_n five_o foot_n high_a above_o the_o level_n of_o the_o ground_n it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o these_o water_n descend_v by_o subterraneous_a passage_n from_o the_o apennine_n mountain_n which_o be_v about_o ten_o mile_n distant_a if_o such_o thing_n may_v be_v do_v by_o art_n why_o may_v they_o not_o also_o by_o nature_n nay_o that_o the_o like_a be_v do_v we_o find_v by_o experience_n in_o the_o lacus_n lugeus_n or_o zirchnitzer-sea_n in_o carniola_n which_o after_o it_o be_v empty_a of_o water_n run_v out_o at_o hole_n or_o pit_n in_o the_o bottom_n which_o it_o do_v yearly_a in_o the_o summer_n time_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n june_n or_o july_n in_o the_o autumn_n when_o it_o rain_v moderate_o the_o water_n spout_v out_o of_o some_o of_o the_o forementioned_a pit_n two_o or_o three_o fathom_n perpendicular_o but_o when_o it_o rain_v very_o hard_a and_o long_o together_o especial_o with_o thunder_n than_o the_o water_n break_v forth_o with_o great_a force_n not_o only_o from_o the_o foresay_a pit_n but_o likewise_o at_o a_o thousand_o other_o cave_n and_o holes_n spirt_v several_a fathom_n high_a from_o some_o perpendicular_o from_o other_o oblique_o so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o pleasant_a sight_n than_o this_o and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n fill_v the_o lake_n a_o full_a description_n and_o a_o account_n of_o all_o the_o phoenomena_fw-la of_o this_o admirable_a lake_n see_v in_o philosoph_n transact_v numb_a 191._o p._n 411._o etc._n etc._n so_o we_o see_v water_n may_v be_v bring_v down_o from_o the_o mountain_n and_o raise_v up_o natural_o in_o strait_a channel_n with_o that_o force_n and_o to_o that_o height_n as_o to_o exceed_v all_o the_o artificial_a jet_n in_o the_o world_n if_o not_o in_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o spout_n yet_o in_o the_o bigness_n of_o the_o stream_n abundant_o this_o end_n and_o use_v of_o mountain_n i_o find_v assign_v by_o mr._n halley_n in_o his_o discourse_n concern_v the_o original_n of_o spring_n and_o river_n in_o these_o word_n this_o if_o we_o may_v allow_v final_a cause_n and_o why_o may_v we_o not_o what_o need_v this_o hesitancy_n and_o dubitation_n in_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v clear_a seem_v to_o be_v the_o design_n of_o the_o hill_n that_o their_o ridge_n be_v place_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o continent_n may_v serve_v as_o it_o be_v alembic_n to_o distil_v fresh_a water_n for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n and_o beast_n and_o their_o height_n to_o give_v a_o descent_n to_o those_o stream_n to_o run_v gentle_o like_o so_o many_o vein_n of_o the_o macrocosm_n to_o be_v the_o more_o beneficial_a to_o the_o creation_n but_o some_o may_v say_v grant_v there_o be_v some_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o moderate_a hill_n and_o rise_n what_o necessity_n be_v there_o of_o such_o extend_a ridge_n of_o vast_a and_o tower_a mountain_n hide_v their_o head_n among_o the_o cloud_n and_o seem_v for_o altitude_n to_o contend_v with_o the_o sky_n i_o answer_v there_o be_v very_o great_a use_n of_o they_o for_o repel_v the_o vapour_n exhale_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n in_o the_o hot_a region_n and_o hinder_v their_o evagation_n northward_o as_o we_o have_v already_o show_v and_o shall_v not_o repeat_v i_o may_v add_v hereto_o 8._o those_o long_a series_n and_o chain_n of_o mountain_n be_v of_o great_a use_n for_o boundary_n and_o limit_n to_o the_o territory_n of_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n to_o secure_v they_o on_o those_o part_n from_o sudden_a incursion_n of_o enemy_n as_o for_o the_o rudeness_n and_o confusion_n of_o mountain_n their_o cragged_a and_o break_a rock_n and_o cliff_n and_o whatever_o other_o disorder_n there_o may_v be_v among_o they_o it_o may_v be_v account_v for_o from_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o first_o generation_n and_o those_o other_o mutation_n they_o have_v be_v since_o obnoxious_a to_o by_o earthquake_n eruption_n of_o vulcano_n founder_v and_o fall_v in_o of_o their_o prop_n and_o
course_n and_o the_o swiftness_n of_o their_o stream_n for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o way_n be_v very_o considerable_a a_o constant_a declivity_n be_v necessary_a to_o their_o descent_n and_o therefore_o i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n assent_v to_o the_o learned_a doctor_n plot_n if_o i_o understand_v he_o aright_o 79._o that_o the_o valley_n be_v as_o much_o below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o mountain_n be_v above_o it_o for_o how_o then_o can_v river_n descend_v down_o to_o the_o sea_n through_o those_o valley_n the_o sea_n will_v rather_o run_v into_o they_o and_o make_v sinuse_n or_o else_o if_o they_o be_v enclose_v the_o water_n will_v stagnate_n there_o and_o make_v pool_n if_o this_o be_v do_v by_o way_n of_o filtration_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o most_o likely_a mean_n of_o raise_v the_o water_n i_o do_v not_o see_v but_o these_o filter_n may_v suck_v up_o the_o whole_a ocean_n and_o if_o aperture_n and_o outlet_n large_a enough_o be_v make_v pour_v it_o out_o upon_o the_o earth_n in_o no_o long_a time_n but_o i_o can_v be_v full_o reconcile_v to_o this_o opinion_n though_o it_o have_v great_a advocate_n especial_o the_o forementioned_a very_o learned_a and_o ingenious_a person_n dr._n robert_n plot._n i_o acknowledge_v subterraneous_a water_n i_o grant_v a_o confluence_n and_o communication_n of_o sea_n by_o underground_o channel_n and_o passage_n i_o believe_v that_o wherever_o one_o shall_v dig_v as_o deep_o as_o the_o level_n of_o the_o sea_n he_o shall_v seldom_o fail_v of_o water_n the_o water_n make_v its_o way_n through_o sand_n and_o gravel_n and_o stone_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o it_o be_v observe_v of_o the_o river_n seine_n that_o in_o floud-time_n all_o the_o neighbour_a well_n and_o cellar_n be_v fill_v with_o water_n and_o when_o the_o river_n decrease_v and_o sink_v again_o those_o water_n also_o of_o the_o well_n and_o cellar_n diminish_v and_o by_o degree_n fall_v back_o into_o the_o river_n so_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o well_n or_o fountain_n in_o the_o plain_n near_o the_o river_n but_o their_o water_n keep_v the_o level_n of_o the_o river_n rising_z and_o fall_v with_o it_o but_o this_o inferior_a constant_a circulation_n and_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o water_n seem_v to_o i_o not_o yet_o sufficient_o prove_v and_o make_v out_o i_o think_v that_o the_o patron_n and_o abettor_n of_o this_o opinion_n have_v not_o satisfactory_o demonstrate_v how_o it_o be_v or_o can_v be_v perform_v to_o what_o be_v offer_v concern_v the_o centre_n of_o gravity_n be_v near_a to_o our_o continent_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o preponderancy_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o water_n lie_v as_o it_o be_v on_o a_o heap_n in_o the_o other_o hemisphere_n i_o answer_v 1._o that_o in_o the_o present_a terraqueous_a globe_n the_o new_a world_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o two_o great_a sea_n and_o almost_o opposite_a to_o our_o continent_n do_v in_o â—ome_o measure_n counterpoise_v the_o old_a and_o take_v off_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o advantage_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o preponderancy_n it_o may_v otherwise_o have_v moreover_o i_o be_o of_o mr._n brierwood_n opinion_n that_o there_o may_v be_v and_o be_v a_o vast_a continent_n towards_o the_o southern_a pole_n opposite_a to_o europe_n and_o asia_n to_o counterpoise_v they_o on_o that_o side_n nay_o i_o do_v very_o believe_v that_o the_o continent_n and_o island_n be_v so_o proportionable_o scatter_v and_o dispose_v all_o the_o world_n over_o as_o if_o not_o perfect_o and_o exact_o yet_o very_o near_o to_o counterbalance_n one_o another_o so_o that_o the_o globe_n can_v walter_n or_o reel_v towards_o any_o side_n and_o that_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o convex_a superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o true_a centre_n of_o the_o whole_a terrestrial_a sphere_n both_o of_o motion_n and_o of_o gravity_n i_o add_v also_o of_o magnitude_n which_o be_v exceed_o convenient_a as_o well_o for_o the_o facility_n as_o the_o equability_n of_o the_o earth_n diurnal_a motion_n this_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o continent_n be_v disperse_v equal_o on_o all_o side_n of_o the_o globe_n make_v these_o centre_n concur_v in_o one_o point_n whatever_o cause_n we_o assign_v of_o the_o raise_n up_o the_o dry_a land_n at_o first_o whereas_o if_o we_o shall_v suppose_v the_o dry_a land_n to_o have_v be_v raise_v up_o by_o earthquake_n only_o on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o globe_n and_o to_o have_v cast_v off_o the_o water_n to_o the_o other_o and_o also_o that_o the_o water_n can_v find_v no_o way_n into_o the_o cavern_n that_o be_v leave_v within_o then_o the_o watery_a side_n must_v needs_o preponderate_v the_o landside_n and_o bring_v the_o centre_n of_o gravity_n near_o to_o its_o own_o superficies_n and_o so_o raise_v the_o land_n still_o a_o great_a deal_n high_o and_o make_v a_o considerable_a distance_n between_o the_o centre_n of_o magnitude_n and_o of_o gravity_n in_o our_o hypothesis_n of_o the_o equal_a dispersion_n of_o the_o continent_n and_o island_n no_o such_o thing_n will_v happen_v but_o each_o continent_n take_v it_o with_o all_o its_o internal_a cavern_n whether_o light_a or_o heavy_a than_o its_o bulk_n in_o water_n that_o be_v whether_o the_o water_n do_v make_v its_o way_n into_o the_o cavern_n thereof_o or_o do_v not_o for_o in_o the_o first_o case_n it_o will_v be_v heavy_a in_o the_o second_v light_a will_v have_v its_o counterpoise_n on_o the_o opposite_a side_n so_o that_o the_o centre_n will_v still_o concur_v the_o case_n will_v be_v the_o same_o if_o the_o dry_a land_n be_v discover_v and_o the_o mountain_n raise_v by_o the_o immediate_a application_n of_o the_o divine_a power_n 2._o the_o sea_n be_v no_o where_o above_o a_o german_a mile_n deep_a for_o which_o we_o have_v good_a authority_n in_o most_o place_n not_o half_a so_o much_o take_v then_o as_o a_o middle_a term_n half_o a_o mile_n suppose_v it_o every_o where_o half_o a_o mile_n deep_a the_o earth_n below_o the_o sea_n we_o 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and_o have_v its_o head_n or_o source_n not_o above_o four_o or_o five_o mile_n off_o where_o there_o be_v no_o extraordinary_a eruption_n of_o water_n all_o along_o its_o course_n receive_v small_a rivulet_n on_o both_o side_n which_o though_o they_o make_v a_o considerable_a stream_n at_o five_o mile_n distance_n from_o the_o fountainhead_n yet_o single_o be_v so_o small_a that_o they_o may_v very_o well_o be_v conceive_v to_o drain_v down_o from_o the_o high_a ground_n that_o lie_v about_o they_o and_o take_v the_o whole_a together_o it_o be_v a_o very_a considerable_a length_n and_o breadth_n of_o land_n that_o contribute_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o this_o little_a river_n so_o that_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v believe_v that_o all_o its_o water_n owe_v its_o original_a to_o rain_v especial_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v further_o that_o in_o wintertime_n
after_o the_o rain_n be_v fall_v the_o ground_n sate_v and_o the_o ditch_n full_a the_o stream_n of_o this_o river_n during_o the_o whole_a winter_n follow_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n unless_o in_o frost_n double_a of_o what_o it_o be_v in_o summer_n which_o excess_n can_v proceed_v from_o nothing_o but_o rain_n and_o mist_n at_o least_o it_o will_v be_v rashness_n to_o assign_v any_o other_o cause_n when_o there_o be_v so_o obvious_a and_o manifest_a a_o one_o moreover_o that_o rain_n afford_v no_o small_a quantity_n of_o water_n be_v clear_a also_o from_o great_a flood_n wherein_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v that_o in_o few_o day_n there_o descend_v more_o water_n than_o will_v supply_v the_o ordinary_a stream_n for_o a_o good_a part_n of_o summer_n now_o to_o compare_v great_a thing_n with_o small_a i_o have_v see_v many_o of_o the_o big_a river_n in_o europe_n the_o danow_n rhine_n rhosne_fw-fr and_o po_n and_o when_o i_o consider_v the_o length_n of_o their_o course_n the_o multitude_n of_o considerable_a river_n and_o brook_n they_o receive_v and_o all_o these_o from_o their_o first_o rise_n make_v up_o by_o degree_n of_o little_a rivulet_n and_o gills_o like_o my_o neighbour_a brook_n the_o huge_a mountain_n and_o vast_a extent_n of_o high_a ground_n they_o drain_v to_o i_o it_o seem_v and_o i_o have_v see_v all_o their_o stream_n near_o their_o outlet_n except_o the_o danow_n and_o it_o be_v after_o four_o hundred_o mile_n descent_n that_o they_o do_v not_o bear_v any_o great_a proportion_n to_o the_o river_n and_o rivulet_n they_o receive_v and_o the_o immense_a tract_n of_o land_n that_o â—eed_v they_o than_o my_o brook_n do_v to_o its_o small_a be_v rill_n and_o compass_n of_o ground_n but_o in_o this_o i_o confess_v i_o do_v not_o descend_v to_o the_o niceness_n of_o measure_v and_o calculation_n but_o satisfy_v myself_o with_o rude_a conjecture_n take_v my_o measure_n as_o the_o cestrians_n say_v by_o the_o scale_n of_o the_o eye_n it_o will_v here_o be_v object_v that_o the_o rain_n never_o sink_v above_o ten_o foot_n deep_a at_o most_o into_o the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o can_v supply_v the_o spring_n answ._n this_o indeed_o if_o it_o be_v true_a will_v much_o enervate_a nay_o quite_o overthrow_v our_o opinion_n and_o therefore_o we_o must_v fortify_v this_o point_n and_o effectual_o demonstrate_v beyond_o all_o possibility_n of_o denial_n or_o contradiction_n that_o rain-water_n do_v sink_v down_o and_o make_v its_o way_n into_o the_o earth_n i_o do_v not_o say_v ten_o or_o twenty_o nor_o forty_o but_o a_o hundred_o nay_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o foot_n or_o more_o first_o then_o in_o pool-hole_n in_o the_o peak_n of_o darbyshire_n there_o be_v in_o some_o place_n constant_a dropping_n and_o destillation_n of_o water_n from_o the_o roof_n under_o each_o of_o which_o to_o note_n that_o by_o the_o by_o rise_v up_o a_o stone_n pillar_n the_o water_n precipitate_v some_o of_o those_o stony_a particle_n which_o it_o have_v wash_v off_o the_o rock_n in_o pass_v through_o their_o chink_n these_o dropping_n continue_v all_o the_o summer_n long_o now_o it_o seem_v clear_a to_o i_o that_o the_o rain-water_n make_v its_o way_n through_o the_o vein_n and_o chink_n of_o the_o rock_n above_o it_o and_o yet_o but_o slow_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o straitness_n of_o the_o passage_n supply_v that_o drop_v all_o the_o year_n round_o at_o least_o this_o be_v much_o more_o rational_a than_o any_o different_a hypothesis_n if_o the_o water_n distil_v down_o fast_a in_o winter_n time_n and_o wet_a wether_n than_o it_o do_v in_o summer_n which_o i_o forget_v to_o ask_v the_o experiment_n will_v infallible_o prove_v our_o assertion_n in_o confirmation_n of_o this_o argument_n albertus_n magnus_n as_o i_o find_v he_o quote_v in_o dr._n wittie_n scarborough_n spa_n tell_v we_o that_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o solid_a rock_n one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o fathom_n deep_a he_o see_v drop_n of_o water_n distil_v from_o it_o in_o a_o rainy_a season_n second_o it_o be_v well_o know_v and_o attest_v to_o i_o by_o the_o people_n at_o buxton_n when_o i_o be_v there_o that_o out_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o same_o pool_n hole_n after_o great_a and_o long_o continue_v rain_n a_o great_a stream_n of_o water_n do_v usual_o issue_v forth_o and_o i_o be_o sure_a it_o must_v make_v its_o way_n through_o a_o good_a thickness_n of_o earth_n or_o rock_n before_o it_o can_v come_v in_o there_o three_o what_o become_v of_o all_o the_o water_n that_o fall_v on_o newmarket-heath_n and_o gogmagog_n hill_n i_o presume_v also_o salisbury-plain_a and_o the_o like_a spongy_a ground_n all_o winter_n long_o where_o we_o see_v very_o little_o run_v off_o any_o way_n it_o must_v needs_o sink_v into_o the_o ground_n more_o than_o ten_o foot_n deep_a four_o many_o well_n who_o spring_n lie_v at_o least_o twenty_o foot_n deep_a we_o find_v by_o experience_n do_v often_o fail_v in_o great_a drought_n in_o summer_n time_n five_o in_o coal_n delfs_n and_o other_o mine_n in_o wet_a wether_n the_o miner_n be_v many_o time_n drown_v out_o as_o they_o phrase_v it_o though_o no_o water_n run_v down_o into_o the_o mouth_n of_o their_o pit_n or_o shaft_n nay_o dr._n witty_a tell_v we_o in_o his_o description_n of_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o scarborow_n spa_n pag._n 105._o that_o after_o great_a inundation_n of_o rain_n the_o miner_n find_v the_o water_n frequent_o distil_v through_o the_o solid_a earth_n upon_o their_o head_n whereas_o in_o summer_n or_o dry_a season_n they_o find_v no_o interruption_n from_o thence_o at_o all_o further_o to_o confirm_v this_o particular_a i_o write_v to_o my_o honour_a friend_n sir_n thomas_n willughby_n baronet_n desire_v he_o to_o examine_v his_o collier_n concern_v it_o and_o send_v i_o word_n what_o report_v they_o make_v and_o from_o he_o receive_v this_o account_n if_o there_o be_v spring_n lie_v before_o you_o come_v at_o the_o coal_n they_o carry_v the_o water_n away_o but_o if_o there_o be_v none_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o work_n in_o great_a or_o less_o quantity_n according_a as_o the_o rain_n fall_v which_o answer_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o considerable_a in_o that_o it_o give_v i_o a_o further_a clear_a proof_n that_o spring_n be_v feed_v by_o rain_n water_n and_o not_o by_o any_o communication_n from_o the_o sea_n their_o original_n be_v above_o the_o bed_n of_o coal_n they_o receive_v the_o rain-water_n into_o their_o vein_n and_o derive_v it_o all_o along_o to_o their_o fountain_n or_o eruption_n above_o the_o coal_n i_o may_v add_v out_o of_o he_o dr._n witty_a five_o pag._n 85._o that_o the_o scarborow_n spa_n notwithstanding_o it_o break_v out_o of_o ground_n within_o three_o or_o four_o yard_n off_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o cliff_n which_o be_v near_o forty_o yard_n high_a and_o within_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n there_o be_v another_o hill_n that_o be_v more_o than_o as_o high_a again_o as_o the_o cliff_n and_o a_o descent_n all_o the_o way_n to_o the_o cliff_n so_o as_o the_o rain-water_n can_v lie_v long_o upon_o the_o ground_n yet_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o after_o a_o long_a rain_n the_o water_n of_o the_o spa_n be_v alter_v in_o its_o taste_n and_o lessen_v in_o its_o operation_n whereas_o a_o rainy_a day_n or_o two_o will_v not_o sensible_o hurt_v it_o and_o now_o i_o be_o transcribe_v out_o of_o this_o author_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o add_v a_o observation_n or_o two_o in_o confirmation_n of_o rains_n be_v the_o original_a of_o spring_n the_o first_o be_v pag._n 97_o this_o in_o england_n in_o the_o year_n 1654._o 55._o and_o 56._o when_o our_o climate_n be_v dry_a than_o ever_o it_o have_v be_v mention_v to_o be_v in_o any_o story_n so_o as_o we_o have_v very_o little_a rain_n in_o summer_n or_o snow_n in_o winter_n most_o of_o our_o spring_n be_v dry_v up_o such_o as_o in_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o elder_a man_n live_v have_v never_o want_v water_n but_o be_v of_o those_o spring_n we_o call_v fontes_n perennes_fw-la or_o at_o least_o be_v esteem_v so_o he_o instance_n also_o a_o parallel_n story_n out_o of_o heylin_fw-mi '_o be_v geography_n in_o the_o description_n of_o cyprus_n where_o the_o author_n relate_v that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a there_o be_v a_o exceed_a long_a drought_n there_o so_o as_o in_o thirty_o six_o year_n they_o have_v no_o rain_n insomuch_o as_o all_o the_o spring_n and_o torrent_n or_o river_n be_v dry_v up_o so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v force_v to_o forsake_v the_o island_n and_o to_o seek_v for_o new_a habitation_n for_o want_n of_o fresh_a water_n the_o second_o be_v p._n 84._o that_o in_o the_o wolds_n or_o down_n of_o yorkshire_n they_o have_v many_o spring_n break_v
solve_v this_o phaenomenon_n and_o that_o be_v by_o suppose_v that_o the_o divine_a power_n may_v at_o that_o time_n by_o the_o instrumentality_n of_o some_o natural_a agent_n to_o we_o at_o present_a unknown_a so_o depress_v the_o surface_n of_o the_o ocean_n as_o to_o force_v the_o water_n of_o the_o abyss_n through_o the_o forementioned_a channel_n and_o aperture_n and_o so_o make_v they_o a_o partial_a and_o concurrent_a cause_n of_o the_o deluge_n that_o there_o be_v at_o some_o time_n in_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n extraordinary_a pressure_n upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o force_n the_o water_n outward_o upon_o the_o shore_n to_o a_o great_a height_n be_v evident_a we_o have_v upon_o our_o coast_n the_o last_o year_n a_o extraordinary_a tide_n wherein_o the_o water_n rise_v so_o high_a as_o to_o overflow_v all_o the_o sea-bank_n drown_v multitude_n of_o cattle_n and_o fill_v the_o low_a room_n of_o the_o house_n of_o many_o village_n that_o stand_v near_o the_o sea_n so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o save_v themselves_o be_v force_v to_o get_v up_o into_o the_o upper_a room_n and_o garret_n of_o their_o house_n now_o how_o this_o can_v be_v effect_v but_o by_o a_o unusual_a pressure_n upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n i_o can_v well_o conceive_v in_o like_a manner_n that_o the_o divine_a providence_n may_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n so_o order_n and_o dispose_v second_o cause_n as_o to_o make_v so_o strong_a a_o pressure_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o water_n as_o to_o force_v they_o up_o to_o a_o height_n sufficient_a to_o overflow_v the_o earth_n be_v no_o way_n unreasonable_a to_o believe_v these_o hypothesis_n i_o propose_v as_o seem_v to_o i_o at_o present_a most_o facile_a and_o consonant_a to_o scripture_n without_o any_o concern_n for_o either_o of_o they_o and_o therefore_o be_o not_o solicitous_a to_o gather_v together_o and_o heap_v up_o argument_n to_o confirm_v they_o or_o to_o answer_v objection_n that_o may_v be_v make_v against_o they_o be_v as_o ready_a to_o relinquish_v they_o upon_o better_a information_n as_o i_o be_v to_o admit_v and_o entertain_v they_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o deluge_n i_o come_v now_o to_o the_o three_o particular_a propose_v that_o be_v to_o inquire_v concern_v the_o consequent_n of_o the_o deluge_n what_o considerable_a effect_n it_o have_v upon_o the_o earth_n and_o and_o its_o inhabitant_n it_o have_v doubtless_o very_o great_a in_o change_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n in_o some_o place_n add_v to_o the_o sea_n in_o some_o take_n from_o it_o make_v island_n of_o peninsulae_n and_o join_v other_o to_o the_o continent_n alter_v the_o bed_n of_o river_n throw_v up_o lesser_a hill_n and_o wash_v away_o other_o etc._n etc._n the_o most_o remarkable_a effect_n it_o be_v likely_a be_v in_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o continent_n because_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n be_v there_o most_o violent_a athanasius_n kircher_n 192_o give_v we_o a_o map_n and_o description_n of_o the_o world_n after_o the_o flood_n show_v what_o change_n be_v make_v therein_o by_o it_o or_o upon_o occasion_n of_o it_o afterward_o as_o he_o fancy_n or_o conjecture_n but_o because_o i_o do_v not_o love_v to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o uncertain_a conjecture_n i_o shall_v content_v myself_o to_o have_v say_v in_o general_a that_o it_o may_v rational_o be_v suppose_v there_o be_v then_o great_a mutation_n and_o alteration_n make_v in_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o what_o they_o be_v though_o we_o may_v guess_v yet_o can_v we_o have_v no_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o and_o for_o particular_n refer_v the_o curious_a to_o he_o one_o malignant_a effect_n it_o have_v upon_o mankind_n and_o probable_o upon_o other_o animal_n too_o in_o shorten_v their_o age_n or_o the_o duration_n of_o their_o life_n which_o i_o have_v touch_v before_o and_o show_v that_o this_o diminution_n of_o age_n be_v to_o 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production_n to_o design_n every_o thing_n to_o a_o determinate_a end_n and_o for_o the_o attain_v that_o end_n make_v use_n of_o such_o way_n as_o be_v most_o aggreeable_a to_o man_n reason_n that_o these_o pretty_o shape_a body_n shall_v have_v all_o those_o curious_a figure_n and_o contrivance_n which_o many_o of_o they_o be_v form_v and_o adorn_v with_o generate_v or_o wrought_v by_o a_o plastic_a virtue_n for_o no_o high_a end_n than_o only_o to_o exhibit_v such_o a_o form_n this_o be_v mr._n hook_n argumentation_n to_o which_o dr._n plot_n answer_v that_o the_o end_n of_o such_o production_n be_v to_o beautify_v the_o world_n with_o those_o variety_n and_o that_o this_o be_v no_o more_o repugnant_a to_o the_o prudence_n of_o nature_n than_o be_v the_o production_n of_o most_o flower_n tulip_n anemone_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o we_o know_v as_o little_a use_n of_o as_o of_o form_v stone_n but_o hereto_o we_o may_v reply_v that_o flower_n be_v for_o the_o ornament_n of_o a_o 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very_o good_a draught_n of_o the_o common_a female_a fern_n natural_o form_v in_o cole_n which_o himself_o find_v in_o mendip_n hill_n and_o add_v that_o he_o have_v find_v in_o the_o same_o pit_n draught_n of_o the_o common_a cinquefoil_n clover-grass_n and_o strawberry_n but_o these_o figure_n be_v more_o diligent_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o consider_v second_o there_o be_v find_v in_o the_o earth_n at_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o sea_n real_a shell_n unpetrify_v and_o uncorrupted_a of_o the_o exact_a figure_n and_o consistency_n of_o the_o present_a natural_a sea-shell_n and_o in_o all_o their_o part_n like_o they_o and_o that_o not_o only_o in_o the_o low_a ground_n and_o hillock_n near_o the_o sea_n but_o in_o mountain_n of_o a_o considerable_a height_n and_o distant_a from_o the_o sea_n christianus_n mentzelius_fw-la in_o his_o discourse_n concern_v the_o bononian_n phosphorus_n give_v we_o a_o relation_n of_o many_o bed_n of_o they_o find_v mingle_v with_o sand_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o a_o high_a mountain_n not_o far_o from_o bologna_n in_o italy_n his_o word_n be_v these_o non_fw-la procul_fw-la monte_fw-fr paterno_n dicto_fw-la lapidis_fw-la bononiensis_n patria_fw-la unico_fw-la forte_fw-fr milliari_fw-la italico_n distanti_fw-la loci_fw-la nomen_fw-la excidit_fw-la memoriâ_fw-la ingens_fw-la mons_fw-la imminet_fw-la praeruptus_fw-la à _fw-la violentia_fw-la torrentium_fw-la aquarum_fw-la quas_fw-la imbres_fw-la frequentes_fw-la ex_fw-la viciâ—is_fw-la montibus_fw-la confluentes_fw-la efficiunt_fw-la atque_fw-la ensign_fw-la terrarum_fw-la mole_n ab_fw-la isto_fw-la monte_fw-fr prosternunt_fw-la ac_fw-la dejiciunt_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la montis_fw-la raina_fw-la superiore_fw-la in_o parte_fw-la visuntur_fw-la multae_fw-la strages_fw-la seriésve_fw-la ex_fw-la testis_fw-la conchyliorum_fw-la omnis_fw-la generis_fw-la plurimâ_fw-la arenâ_fw-la interjectâ_fw-la instar_fw-la strati_fw-la super_fw-la stratum_fw-la ut_fw-la chymicorum_fw-la vulgus_fw-la loquor_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la inter_fw-la hasce_fw-la testarum_fw-la conchyliorum_fw-la strages_fw-la seriésve_fw-la arena_fw-la ad_fw-la crassitiem_fw-la ulnae_fw-la &_o ultra_fw-la interposita_fw-la erant_fw-la autem_fw-la testae_fw-la variorum_fw-la â—â—â—chyliorum_fw-la omnes_fw-la ab_fw-la inuicem_fw-la distinctae_fw-la nec_fw-la 〈◊〉_d lapidi_fw-la impactae_fw-la adeò_fw-la ut_fw-la separatim_fw-la 〈◊〉_d manibus_fw-la tractari_fw-la &_o dignosci_fw-la potuerint_fw-la 〈◊〉_d hoc_fw-la arena_fw-la pura_fw-la nullo_n limo_fw-la lutóve_fw-la inter_fw-la mixâ—a_fw-la quae_fw-la concâ—hyliâ—rum_fw-la testas_fw-la conservaverat_fw-la 〈◊〉_d multa_fw-la secula_fw-la integras_fw-la interea_fw-la verò_fw-la diuturnitate_fw-la temporis_fw-la omnâ—s_fw-la istae_fw-la testae_fw-la erant_fw-la in_o albissimâ—m_fw-la calcem_fw-la facilè_fw-la resolubiles_fw-la not_o far_o from_o the_o mountain_n call_v â—aterno_fw-la where_o the_o bononian_n stoâ—e_n be_v get_v about_o a_o italian_a mile_n distant_a the_o name_n or_o the_o place_n be_v slip_v out_o of_o my_o memory_n be_v a_o huge_a hang_a mountain_n break_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o torrent_n cause_v by_o the_o confluence_n of_o water_n descend_v from_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n after_o frequent_a shower_n throw_v down_o great_a heap_n of_o earth_n from_o it_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o this_o break_a mountain_n be_v see_v many_o bed_n or_o floor_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o sea-shell_n much_o sand_n interpose_v between_o bed_n and_o bed_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o stratum_fw-la super_fw-la stratum_fw-la or_o layer_n upon_o layer_n as_o the_o chemist_n phrase_n it_o the_o bed_n of_o sand_n intercede_v between_o these_o row_v of_o shell_n be_v a_o yard_n thick_a or_o more_o these_o shell_n be_v all_o distinct_a or_o separate_a one_o from_o another_o and_o not_o stick_v in_o any_o one_o stone_n or_o cement_v together_o so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v single_o and_o separately_z view_v and_o handle_v with_o one_o 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oyster_n which_o by_o the_o confession_n of_o dr._n lyster_n himself_o be_v indeed_o true_a oyster-shell_n not_o petrify_v nor_o much_o decay_v nay_o so_o like_v they_o be_v to_o oyster_n new_o take_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n that_o a_o certain_a person_n see_v of_o they_o mistake_v they_o for_o such_o and_o open_v one_o of_o they_o expect_v to_o find_v a_o live_a fish_n therein_o now_o that_o nature_n shall_v form_v real_a shell_n without_o any_o design_n of_o cover_v a_o animal_n be_v indeed_o so_o contrary_a to_o that_o innate_a prolepsis_n we_o have_v of_o the_o prudence_n of_o nature_n that_o be_v the_o author_n of_o nature_n that_o without_o do_v some_o violence_n to_o our_o faculty_n we_o can_v hardly_o prevail_v with_o ourselves_o to_o believe_v it_o and_o give_v great_a countenance_n to_o the_o atheist_n assertion_n that_o thing_n be_v make_v or_o do_v exist_v by_o chance_n without_o counsel_n or_o direction_n to_o any_o end_n add_v hereto_o three_o that_o there_o be_v other_o body_n beside_o shell_n find_v in_o the_o earth_n resemble_v the_o tooth_n and_o bone_n of_o some_o fish_n which_o be_v so_o manifest_o the_o very_a thing_n they_o be_v think_v only_o to_o resemble_v that_o it_o may_v be_v esteem_v obstinacy_n in_o any_o man_n that_o have_v view_v and_o consider_v they_o to_o deny_v it_o such_o be_v the_o glossopetrae_n dag_n up_o in_o malta_n in_o such_o abundance_n that_o you_o may_v buy_v they_o by_o measure_n and_o not_o by_o tale_n and_o also_o the_o vertebre_n of_o thornback_n and_o other_o cartilagineous_a fish_n there_o find_v and_o sell_v for_o stone_n among_o the_o glossopetrae_n which_o have_v no_o great_a dissimilitude_n to_o the_o tooth_n of_o a_o live_a shark_n and_o vertebre_n of_o a_o thoruback_n then_o lie_v so_o long_o in_o the_o earth_n as_o they_o must_v needs_o have_v do_v will_v necessary_o induce_v mr._n doody_n have_v in_o his_o custody_n a_o petrified_a lump_n of_o fish_n on_o some_o of_o which_o the_o scale_n themselves_o still_o remain_v and_o if_o the_o very_a inspection_n of_o these_o body_n be_v not_o enough_o to_o convince_v any_o man_n that_o they_o be_v no_o stone_n but_o real_a tooth_n and_o bone_n fabius_n columna_fw-la prove_v it_o by_o several_a strong_a argument_n â—_o those_o thing_n which_o have_v a_o woody_a bony_a or_o fleshy_a nature_n by_o burn_a be_v change_v first_o into_o a_o coal_n before_o they_o go_v into_o a_o calx_fw-la or_o ash_n but_o those_o which_o be_v of_o a_o tophaceous_a or_o stony_a substance_n go_v not_o first_o into_o a_o coal_n but_o burn_v immediate_o into_o a_o calx_fw-la or_o lime_n unless_o by_o some_o vitreous_a or_o metallic_a mixture_n they_o be_v melt_v now_o these_o tooth_n be_v burn_v pass_v present_o into_o a_o coal_n but_o the_o tophous_a substance_n adhere_v to_o they_o do_v not_o so_o whence_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o they_o be_v of_o a_o osseous_a and_o no_o stony_a nature_n next_o he_o show_v that_o they_o do_v not_o shoot_v into_o this_o form_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o salt_n or_o crystal_n which_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n further_o to_o treat_v of_o by_o and_o by_o then_o he_o prove_v it_o from_o the_o axiom_n natura_fw-la nihil_fw-la facit_fw-la frustra_fw-la nature_n make_v nothing_o in_o vain_a but_o
that_o not_o far_o from_o ligorn_n he_o himself_o have_v observe_v a_o whole_a city_n under_o water_n that_o have_v be_v in_o former_a time_n drown_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o over_o against_o puteoli_n in_o the_o sinus_n of_o baia_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v not_o only_a house_n but_o the_o trace_n and_o footstep_n of_o the_o street_n of_o some_o city_n manifest_o discernible_a and_o in_o the_o county_n of_o suffolk_n almost_o the_o whole_a town_n of_o donewich_n with_o the_o adjacent_a land_n have_v be_v undermine_v and_o devour_v by_o the_o sea_n this_o wash_n away_o of_o the_o shore_n be_v i_o conceive_v in_o great_a measure_n to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o forementioned_a streightning_n and_o cut_v short_a of_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o earth_n and_o siâ—t_n that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o flood_n be_v bring_v down_o into_o it_o by_o the_o river_n for_o the_o vulgar_a have_v a_o proverbial_a tradition_n that_o what_o the_o sea_n lose_v in_o one_o place_n it_o gain_v in_o another_o and_o both_o together_o do_v very_o handsome_o make_v out_o and_o explain_v how_o the_o earth_n in_o a_o natural_a way_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o its_o primitive_a state_n in_o the_o creation_n when_o the_o water_n cover_v the_o land_n but_o this_o according_a to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d proceed_n of_o nature_n will_v not_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o many_o age_n i_o may_v say_v in_o age_n of_o age_n nay_o some_o think_v that_o those_o vast_a ridge_n and_o chain_n of_o mountain_n which_o run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o continent_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a height_n weight_n and_o solidity_n too_o great_a a_o morsel_n ever_o to_o be_v devour_v by_o the_o jaw_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o whether_o they_o be_v or_o not_o i_o need_v not_o dispute_v though_o i_o incline_v to_o the_o negative_a because_o this_o be_v not_o the_o dissolution_n the_o apostle_n here_o speak_v of_o which_o must_v be_v by_o fire_n but_o i_o must_v not_o here_o dissemble_v a_o objection_n i_o see_v may_v be_v make_v and_o that_o be_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v depress_v that_o it_o be_v continual_o elevate_v for_o in_o ancient_a building_n we_o see_v the_o earth_n raise_v high_a above_o the_o foot_n of_o they_o so_o the_o pantheon_n at_o rome_n which_o be_v at_o first_o ascend_v up_o to_o by_o many_o eight_o step_v be_v now_o descend_v down_o to_o by_o as_o many_o the_o basis_n and_o whole_a pedestal_n of_o trajan_n pillar_n there_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o earth_n dr._n tancred_n robinson_n in_o the_o year_n 1683._o observe_v in_o some_o place_n the_o wall_n of_o old_a rome_n to_o lie_v thirty_o and_o forty_o foot_n under_o ground_n so_o that_o he_o think_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o remain_v of_o that_o famous_a ancient_a city_n be_v still_o bury_v and_o undiscovered_a the_o prodigious_a heap_n of_o ruin_n and_o rubbish_n enclose_v within_o the_o vineyard_n and_o garden_n be_v not_o half_o dig_v up_o or_o search_v as_o they_o may_v be_v the_o top_n of_o pillar_n peep_v up_o and_o down_o and_o in_o our_o own_o country_n we_o find_v many_o ancient_a roman_a pavement_n at_o some_o depth_n under_o ground_n my_o learned_a and_o ingenious_a friend_n mr._n edward_n loyd_n not_o long_o since_o inform_v of_o one_o that_o himself_o have_v see_v bury_v deep_a in_o the_o churchyard_n at_o wychester_n in_o glocestershire_n nay_o the_o earth_n in_o time_n will_v grow_v over_o and_o bury_v the_o body_n of_o great_a timber_n tree_n that_o have_v be_v â—allen_v and_o lie_v long_o upon_o it_o which_o be_v make_v one_o great_a reasâ—n_n that_o such_o great_a number_n even_a whâ—â—_n wood_n of_o subterraneous_a tree_n be_v frequent_o meet_v with_o and_o dig_v up_o at_o vast_a depth_n in_o the_o spanish_a and_o dutch_a netherlands_o as_o well_o as_o in_o many_o place_n of_o this_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v as_o to_z building_n 1._o the_o ruin_n and_o rubbish_n of_o the_o city_n wherein_o they_o stand_v may_v be_v conceive_v to_o bury_v they_o as_o deep_a as_o they_o now_o lie_v under_o ground_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v its_o likely_a the_o roman_a pavement_n we_o find_v may_v come_v to_o be_v cover_v to_o that_o height_n we_o mention_v for_o that_o the_o place_n where_o they_o occur_v be_v ancient_o roman_a town_n subvert_v and_o ruin_v may_v easy_o be_v prove_v as_o particular_o in_o this_o we_o mention_v from_o the_o termination_n chesâ—er_n whatever_o town_n or_o village_n have_v that_o addition_n to_o its_o name_n have_v be_v ancient_o a_o roman_a town_n or_o camp_n chester_n seem_v to_o be_v nothing_o but_o castra_n 2._o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o weighty_a building_n do_v in_o time_n overcome_v the_o resistance_n of_o the_o foundation_n unless_o it_o be_v a_o solid_a rock_n and_o sink_v into_o the_o ground_n nay_o the_o very_a soft_a water_n lie_v long_o upon_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o pool_n do_v so_o compress_v and_o sadden_fw-mi they_o by_o its_o weight_n that_o the_o very_a road_n that_o be_v continual_o beat_v with_o horse_n and_o carriage_n be_v not_o so_o firm_a and_o sad_a and_o in_o the_o sea_n the_o near_a you_o dig_v to_o the_o low_a water-mark_a still_o the_o sad_a and_o firm_a it_o be_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a still_o the_o further_a the_o sad_a which_o seem_v to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o strong_a fix_v of_o anchor_n this_o firmness_n of_o the_o sand_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n the_o people_n inhabit_v near_o the_o sea_n be_v so_o sensible_a of_o that_o i_o have_v see_v they_o bold_o ride_v through_o the_o water_n across_o a_o channel_n three_o mile_n broad_a before_o the_o tide_n be_v out_o when_o in_o some_o place_n it_o reach_v to_o the_o horse_n belly_n a_o semblance_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o pond_n which_o be_v new_o dig_v the_o water_n that_o run_v into_o they_o sink_v soon_o into_o the_o earth_n and_o they_o become_v dry_a again_o till_o after_o some_o time_n by_o often_o fill_v the_o earth_n become_v so_o solid_a through_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n that_o they_o leak_v no_o more_o but_o hold_v water_n up_o to_o the_o brink_n witty_a scarborough_n spa_n p._n 86._o what_o force_v a_o gentle_a if_o continual_a pressure_n have_v we_o may_v understand_v also_o by_o the_o root_n of_o tree_n which_o we_o see_v will_v sometime_o pierce_v through_o the_o chink_n of_o stone_n wall_n and_o in_o time_n make_v great_a crack_n and_o rift_n in_o they_o nay_o will_v get_v under_o their_o very_a foundation_n the_o tender_a root_n of_o herb_n overcome_v the_o resistance_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o make_v their_o way_n through_o clay_n or_o gravel_n by_o the_o by_o we_o may_v here_o take_v notice_n that_o one_o reason_n why_o plough_v harrow_n siâ—ting_v or_o any_o comminution_n of_o the_o earth_n render_v it_o more_o fruitful_a be_v because_o the_o root_n of_o grass_n corn_n and_o other_o herb_n can_v with_o more_o facility_n creep_v abroad_o and_o multiply_v their_o fibre_n in_o the_o light_n and_o loose_a earth_n that_o the_o rot_a of_o grass_n and_o other_o herb_n upon_o the_o ground_n may_v in_o some_o place_n raise_v the_o superficies_n of_o it_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v that_o 〈◊〉_d â—n_a garden_n and_o enclosure_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v rank_a and_o no_o cattle_n be_v admit_v 〈◊〉_d eat_v off_o the_o fog_n or_o long_a grass_n but_o elsewhere_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o faith_n be_v very_o little_a and_o inconsiderable_a and_o none_o at_o all_o unless_o in_o level_a ground_n which_o have_v but_o little_a declivity_n for_o otherwise_o the_o soil_n will_v by_o this_o time_n have_v come_v to_o be_v of_o a_o very_a great_a depth_n which_o we_o find_v to_o be_v but_o shallow_a nor_o do_v i_o think_v that_o so_o much_o as_o the_o trunk_n of_o fall_a tree_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v cover_v but_o rather_o that_o they_o sink_v by_o their_o own_o weight_n in_o time_n overcome_v the_o resistance_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o without_o much_o difficulty_n yield_v be_v soak_v and_o soften_v by_o the_o rain_n insinuate_v into_o it_o and_o keep_v it_o continual_o most_o in_o wintertime_n but_o if_o these_o building_n be_v situate_a in_o valley_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o earth_n bring_v down_o from_o the_o mountain_n by_o rain_n may_v serve_v to_o land_v they_o up_o again_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v raise_v near_o the_o sea_n coast_n by_o the_o continual_a blow_v up_o of_o sand_n by_o the_o wind_n this_o happen_v often_o in_o norfolk_n and_o in_o cornwall_n where_o i_o observe_v a_o fair_a church_n viz._n that_o of_o the_o parish_n call_v lalant_n which_o be_v the_o mother_n
some_o stop_v be_v put_v prove_v from_o the_o continual_a streightning_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o lower_v the_o mountain_n and_o high_a ground_n by_o rain_n flood_n and_o river_n wash_v away_o and_o carry_v down_o the_o earth_n and_o from_o the_o sea_n encroach_a upon_o the_o share_v 283_o to_o 296._o a_o large_a quotation_n out_o of_o josephus_n blancanus_n demonstâ—ating_v the_o same_o thing_n by_o many_o argument_n 296._o sect._n 2._o the_o second_o probable_a mean_n or_o cause_n of_o the_o world_n destruction_n in_o a_o natural_a way_n viz._n the_o extinction_n of_o the_o sun_n 314._o sect._n 3_o the_o three_o possible_a cause_n of_o the_o world_n destruction_n the_o eruption_n of_o the_o central_n fire_n 316._o that_o the_o be_v of_o such_o a_o fire_n be_v no_o way_n repugnant_a either_o to_o scripture_n or_o reason_n 318_o 320._o sect._n 4._o the_o four_o possible_a cause_n of_o the_o world_n dissolution_n the_o earth_n dryness_n and_o inflammability_n in_o the_o torrid_a zâ—ne_n and_o the_o concurrent_a eruption_n of_o vâ—lâ—aneâ—â—_n 323._o that_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a to_o the_o aequator_fw-la do_v not_o diminish_v 323._o that_o though_o there_o be_v such_o a_o dry_n and_o parch_v of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n it_o will_v not_o probable_o infer_v a_o conflagration_n 324_o 325._o that_o there_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v nor_o in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n can_v be_v any_o such_o dry_n or_o parch_v of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n 326._o the_o possibility_n of_o the_o desiccation_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o natural_a mean_n deny_v 328_o 329._o the_o fixedness_n and_o intransmutability_n of_o principle_n secure_v the_o universe_n from_o dissolution_n destruction_n of_o any_o present_a species_n or_o by_o production_n of_o any_o new_a 330._o chap._n vi_o contain_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o second_o question_n whether_o shall_v this_o dissolution_n be_v effect_v by_o natural_a or_o extraordinary_a mean_n and_o what_o they_o shall_v be_v 331._o chap._n vii_o the_o three_o question_n answer_v whether_o shall_v the_o dissolution_n be_v gradual_a and_o successive_a or_o momentanoun_n and_o sudden_a 334._o chap._n viii_o the_o four_o question_n resolve_v whether_o shall_v there_o be_v any_o sign_n or_o forerunner_n of_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n 337._o chap._n ix_o the_o five_o question_n debate_v at_o what_o period_n of_o time_n shall_v the_o world_n be_v dissolve_v and_o particular_o whether_o at_o the_o end_n of_o six_o thousand_o year_n 342._o chap._n x._o how_o far_o shall_v this_o dissolution_n or_o conflagration_n extend_v whether_o to_o the_o aetherial_a heaven_n and_o all_o the_o host_n of_o they_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n or_o to_o the_o aerial_a only_o 349._o chap._n xi_o the_o seven_o and_o last_o question_n whether_o shall_v the_o whole_a world_n be_v consume_v and_o destroy_v or_o annihilate_v or_o only_o refine_v and_o purify_v 353._o the_o restitution_n and_o continuance_n of_o the_o world_n prove_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o scripture_n and_o antiquity_n and_o also_o by_o reason_n 358._o the_o argument_n for_o the_o abolition_n and_o annihilation_n answer_v 360_o 362._o chap._n xii_o the_o inference_n the_o apostle_n make_v from_o the_o precedent_a doctrine_n of_o future_a reward_n and_o punishment_n the_o eternity_n of_o future_a punishment_n prove_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o scripture_n and_o antiquity_n how_o the_o eternity_n of_o punishment_n can_v consist_v with_o the_o justice_n and_o goodness_n of_o god_n from_o p._n 364._o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o book_n discourse_n i._n of_o the_o primitive_a chaos_n and_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n in_o the_o former_a edition_n of_o this_o treatise_n this_o discourse_n concern_v the_o primitive_a chaos_n and_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o other_o concern_v the_o destruction_n thereof_o by_o the_o water_n of_o the_o general_n deluge_n in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o way_n of_o digression_n because_o i_o design_v not_o at_o first_o to_o treat_v of_o they_o but_o only_o of_o the_o conflagration_n or_o dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n by_o fire_n but_o be_v afterward_o when_o i_o have_v make_v a_o considerable_a progress_n in_o the_o dissolution_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o some_o friend_n because_o of_o their_o relation_n to_o my_o subject_n prevail_v upon_o to_o say_v something_o of_o they_o but_o now_o that_o i_o be_o at_o liberty_n so_o to_o do_v i_o shall_v not_o handle_v they_o any_o more_o by_o the_o by_o but_o make_v they_o substantial_a part_n of_o my_o book_n and_o dispose_v they_o as_o be_v most_o natural_a accord_v to_o their_o priority_n and_o posteriority_n in_o order_n of_o time_n begin_v with_o the_o chaos_n and_o creation_n chap._n i._n testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_a heathen_a writer_n concern_v the_o chaos_n and_o what_o they_o mean_v by_o it_o it_o be_v a_o ancient_a tradition_n among_o the_o heathen_a that_o the_o world_n be_v create_v out_o of_o a_o chaos_n first_o of_o all_o the_o ancient_a greek_a poet_n hesiod_n who_o may_v contend_v for_o antiquity_n with_o homer_n himself_o make_v mention_n of_o it_o in_o his_o theogonia_n not_o far_o from_o the_o beginning_n in_o these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d first_o of_o all_o there_o be_v a_o chaos_n and_o a_o few_o verse_n after_o speak_v of_o the_o immediate_a production_n or_o offspring_n of_o the_o chaos_n he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o chaos_n proceed_v hell_n and_o night_n or_o darkness_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v its_o foundation_n or_o occasion_n from_o the_o second_o verse_n of_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n and_o the_o earth_n be_v without_o form_n and_o void_a and_o darkness_n be_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o deep_a of_o this_o testimony_n of_o hesiod_n lactantius_n take_v notice_n and_o censure_v it_o in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o institution_n 〈…〉_z hesiodus_n non_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la conditore_fw-la sumens_fw-la exordium_n sed_fw-la à _fw-la chaos_n quod_fw-la est_fw-la rudis_fw-la inordinat_fw-la á_o que_fw-la materiae_fw-la confusae_fw-la congery_n hesiod_n not_o take_v his_o beginning_n from_o god_n the_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n but_o from_o the_o chaos_n which_o be_v a_o rude_a and_o inordinate_a heap_n of_o confuse_a matter_n and_o so_o ovid_n describe_v it_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o metamorphosis_n quem_fw-la dixere_fw-la chaos_n rudis_fw-la indigestáque_fw-la mole_n nec_fw-la quicquam_fw-la nisi_fw-la pondus_fw-la iners_fw-la congestáque_fw-la eôdem_fw-la non_fw-la bene_fw-la junctarum_fw-la discordia_fw-la semina_fw-la rerum_fw-la that_o be_v one_o face_n have_v nature_n which_o they_o chaos_n name_v a_o undigested_a lump_n a_o barren_a load_n where_o jar_a seed_n of_o thing_n ill_o join_v abode_n other_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v also_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o chaos_n as_o aristophanes_n in_o avibus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n and_o lucan_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o first_o book_n antiquum_fw-la repetent_fw-la iterum_fw-la chaos_n omne_fw-la etc._n etc._n of_o the_o formation_n of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o world_n out_o of_o this_o chaos_n ovid_n in_o the_o place_n forequote_v give_v we_o a_o full_a and_o particular_a description_n and_o euripides_n before_o he_o a_o brief_a one_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o heaven_n and_o earth_n be_v at_o first_o of_o one_o form_n but_o after_o they_o be_v separate_v the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o tree_n bird_n beast_n fish_n and_o mankind_n the_o like_a account_n also_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n anaxagoras_n give_v of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n begin_v his_o philosophy_n thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v all_o thing_n at_o first_o be_v together_o or_o mingle_v and_o confuse_a then_o mind_v superven_a dispose_v they_o in_o a_o beautiful_a order_n that_o which_o i_o chief_o dislike_v in_o this_o opinion_n of_o they_o be_v that_o they_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o this_o chaos_n but_o seem_v to_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o self-existent_a and_o improduced_a chap._n ii_o that_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n out_o of_o a_o chaos_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o holy_a scripture_n this_o opinion_n of_o a_o chaos_n if_o sober_o understand_v not_o as_o self-existent_a and_o improduced_a but_o in_o the_o first_o place_n create_v by_o god_n and_o precede_v other_o being_n which_o be_v make_v out_o of_o it_o be_v not_o so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v discern_v any_o way_n repugnant_a to_o the_o holy_a scripture_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a rather_o consonant_a and_o agreeable_a thereto_o for_o moses_n in_o the_o history_n and_o description_n of_o the_o creation_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n say_v not_o that_o god_n create_v all_o thing_n in_o a_o instant_n in_o their_o full_a state_n and_o perfection_n but_o that_o he_o proceed_v gradual_o and_o in_o order_n