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A77708 The good old way: or, Perkins improved, in a plain exposition and sound application of those depths of divinity briefly comprized in his Six principles: / by that late painful and faithful minister of the Gospel, Charles Broxolme in Darby-shire. Broxholme, Charles. 1653 (1653) Wing B5217; Thomason E1483_1; ESTC R208756 186,652 446

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parts or Sacramental union what it is 6. How the Sacraments of the Old and New Testament agree and how they differ 7. The number of Sacraments now in the time of the New Testament These questions being plainly answered we shall the better understand the Doctrine of Sacraments Quest 1. How Sacraments agree with the word and how they differ from it Answ 1. They agree in their Author the Lord being as the Author of the word so likewise of all true Sacraments Gen. 17.10 Exod. 12.3 .11 Luke 3.1 2 3. Matth. 26.26 1 Cor. 11.23 2. The word and Sacraments agree in this that the one as well as the other is to be dispensed by lawful Ministers Mat. 28.19 3. In that they both offer and reach forth one and the same thing to wit Christ Thus we see in what the word and Sacraments agree Now they differ as followeth 1. The word declareth Gods Will unto us by speech the Sacraments by visible signes and gestures Sacraments being a visible word 2. The word is as a Charter or Letter-Patent promising all good things in Christ unto all true Believers The Sacraments are as seals annexed to this Charter confirming what the word promiseth 3. By the word faith is begun and confirmed by the Sacraments it is only confirmed 4. The word pertaineth to all the Sacraments onely to such as make a profession of the faith Quest 2. What Sacraments are Answ They are sacred signes and seales of the new Covenant I call them sacred 1. Because they are ordained of God he being the Author of all true Sacraments as we have heard 2. Because they are ordained to holy use as we may observe in this brief definition then we say They are sacred sig●es and seals do but see Rom. 4.11 Now what the Apostle saith of Circumcision is true of all Sacraments the Lord in them as it were by Oath confirming unto true Believers that he will be their God and they again as it were by Oath binding themselves to be his people which indeed is the sum of the new Covenant the Lord promising unto true Believers that he will be their God and they re-promising unto him to be his people Quest 3 What are the ends of Sacraments Answ 1. That they might be a means to preserve and spread abroad the Doctrine of the Gospel Sacraments themselves being a visible word and yet no Sacraments I mean the outward signes without the word to wit the word of institution and then they occasioning the Preaching of the word 2. That so the true Church might be outwardly distinguished from all other Sects and Companies she having Rites Ceremonies and Worship of Gods devising and appointing and not of mans 3. That they might be bonds of mutual love betwixt the faithful 4 That so true Believers might swear Allegeance unto God bind themselves to continue faithful and obedient unto him 5. And especially that they might serve to confirm the faith of Gods people in Gods promises Quest 4. What are the parts of a Sacrament Answ Two 1. The sign 2. The thing signified The sign is the Element or Elements as Water Bread Wine and the whole external action conversant about the same The thing signified is Christ and his benefits or the participation and communion of Christ and his benefits Quest 5. The union of the parts or Sacramental union what it is Answ This union is a real union Christ and the Elements are truly and really united Hence it is that our Saviour saith of the Sacramental Bread this is my body and of the Wine this is my blood Mat. 26.26 28. But this union is not a Physical or natural union as the Papists hold as though the sign were changed or altered in o the thing signified Neither is it a local union as the Lutherans dream as though the thing signified were locally present as well as the sign but it is a mystical and Spiritual union and consists in the things following 1. A natural aptness in the sign to resemble and express the thing signified As doth not water naturally represent and express a cleansing and bread and wine a nourishing and comforting 2. The Lords appointing and applying of such and such Elements unto Sacramental use as Water to resemble Christ in his washing and cleansing quality Bread and Wine to resemble Christ in his nourishing and comforting property This being that to wit the word of Ordinance that carries the soul of the Believer from earth to heaven from the sign unto the thing signified 3. The Lord ordaining and appointing the outward sign not onely to represent and resemble Christ and his benefits but likewise as an Instrument and Channel to convey him and his benefits really to the soul of the true Believer the true Believer at one and the same time receiving the sign and the thing signified the one Corporally the other Spiritually And thus we see the union betwixt the sign and thing signified is real but Spiritual and wherein it consists Now from the union aforesaid it is usual in the Scrptures by an improper but Sacramental speech 1. To call the sign by the name of the thing signified and contrarily 2. To ascribe that to the sign which is proper to the thing signified and contrarily Quest 6. How the Sacraments of the old and new Testament agree how they differ Answ 1. They agree in the Author they all being ordained and instituted by God 2. They agree in the thing signified to wit Christ and his benefits the Believers of the Old Testament being as well saved by Christ as the Believers of the New Romans 4.11 1 Cor. 10.4 Now they differ divers wayes 1. In Rites and Ceremonies 2. In clearness The Covenant of grace was more hidden and obscure in the time of the Old Testament Christ the Foundation of it being not then come then in the time of the New and so the seals of the Covenant sutably the Sacraments of the Old Testament pointing at Christ to come but the Sacraments of the New shewing that Christ is come 3. In efficacy The Sacraments of the New Testament in the ordinary course being more effectual then the Sacraments of the Old a greater power of the Spirit in the ordinary course going with ours then did with theirs our souls being more perswasive and impressive then theirs 4. They differ in number there was divers Sacraments in the time of the Old Testament not onely Circumcision and the Passeover Sacraments ordinary but likewise extraordinary Sacraments or as some call them resemblances as the Red Sea the Cloud Manna and the water of the Rock It is true there was no more ordinary Sacraments in the time of the Old Testament no more Sacraments for being and standing then in the time of the New Quest 7. The last question What 's the number of Sacramens in the time of the New Testament Answ Onely two Baptism and the Lords Supper the former succeeding Circumoision the latter the Passeover
the providence of God extends to the least actions Matth. 10.29 30. Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing and one of them shall not fall on the ground without your father the very hairs of your head are all numbred can there be any thing of less account then a Sparrow lighting on the ground or an hair falling from our head Secondly that the providence of God doth extend even to actions that are the most casual Pro. 16.33 The lot is cast into the lap but the whole disposing thereof is of the Lord what more casuall then the event of lots cast into the lap Thirdly that the providence of God doth extend to actions that are most sinfull Ezek. 16.9 If the Prophet be deceived when he hath spoken a thing I the Lord have deceived that Prophet was there ever a more wicked action undertaken then crucifying of Christ and yet see what the Apostle affirms of them who did commit this fact Act. 4.27 28. They were gathered together for to do whatsoever thy hand speaking of God and thy counsell determined before to be done Not that the Lord is the Author of sin as it is sin but the Author of the action as it is an action he permits the sin and not only as an idle spectator but further works in the sinfull action as 1. By taking away or denying his grace 2. By delivering over the party unto Satan and his own lusts 3. By presenting unto the party such objects as through corruption may occasion sin 4. By so governing the sinfull action as to dispose it to his own glory And thus we see it evidently argued that the Lord is the preserver and governor of all things Now we come 1. To lay forth the kinds of Gods providence 2. To answer some objections 3. To the Use Kinds of Gods providence 1. The Providence of God is either mediate or immediate the immediate Providence of God is 1. When he works without means 2. When he makes void the means Or 3. When he works contrary to the means 1. Without means as when he sustained Moses in the mount 40 daies and 40 nights without either bread or water Exod. 34.28 2. Making void the means for thus he doth sometimes Eccles 9.11 I returned and saw under the Sun that the race is not to the swift nor the bat tel to the strong c. 3. Contrary to the means as when the Lord brought water out of the rock Exod. 17.6 Thus for the immediate Providence of God The mediate providence of God is when he worketh by means and this is his most usual working Now the Lord doth not use means because of any defect or inability in himself but 1. That he might communicate some honor to the creature he is pleased to make use thereof 2. That the creature might so better perceive his working his providence the working of his providence 3. That he might so shew himself to be Lord of al things making use of them as he pleaseth And 4. lest under pretence of his providence we should be slothful But that you may better understand the thing in hand to wit Gods providence we come to lay it forth in another division as the Providence of God is Vniversal Particular or Peculiar The universal providence of God is that whereby he preserves and governs all the creatures according to that naturall instinct he put into every several kind in the first creation as Gen. 1.11 And God said Let the earth bring forth grass the herb yeilding seed and the fruit tree yeilding fruit after his kind This is the law of nature or order which the Lord appointed and set in the beginning and accordingly in the ordinary course the creatures work This we call Gods universall providence The particular Providence of God extends to every creature from the greatest unto the least unto every action from the greatest unto the least unto every Accident from the greatest unto the least unto every circumstance in every business there is not the least Cloud doth arise nor the least chive of Grass spring up but by his Providence Psal 147.8 He covereth the Heavens with Clouds he maketh the grass to grow upon the mountains Jonah 4.6 And the Lord God prepared a Gourd and made it to come up over Jonah This is Gods particular Providence The peculiar Providence of God is that which he exerciseth towards his Church and chosen gathering them guiding them defending them he working in them by them and for them peculiarly Psal 33.18 Behold the eye of the Lord is upon them that fear him And 1 Tim. 4.10 the Apostle speaking of the bodies of men he stiles the Lord the Saviour of all men chiefly for so it is in the Original of those that believe This is Gods peculiar Providence And thus much for this illustration of the kinds of Gods Providence Now we come to answer some Objections Object 1. In 1 Cor. 9.9 it is said Doth God take care for Oxen as though his Providence did not extend to that kind of creature Answ This cannot be the meaning because Psal 36.6 O Lord thou preservest man and beast and Psal 147.9 He giveth to the beast his food but the Apostle by this passage would intimate unto us that that Law in Deuteronomy Thou shalt not muzle the mouth of the Ox that treadeth out the corn had a further extent then Oxen. If the labouring Ox must have right done him much more the laborious and painful Minister he must not be cut short of outward maintenance Object 2. But if Gods Providence govern all things how comes it to pass that the wicked do so flourish in this world and the godly are so attended with afflictions and crosses Answ Although the godly be attended with many crosses and afflictions why yet these crosses and afflictions by the wise and gracious Providence of God turn to their great good as the prosperity of the wicked to their great woe Now we come to the Uses Vse 1. Of Reprehension and it consists of divers Members as First Is the Lord the Preserver and Governor of all things why then to reprove all such as lead a wicked and ungodly life willingly and wilfully violate Gods Commandments If one was to carry us over a River and if we let our hold go the least we were sure to drown how unwilling would we be to provoke that Party who had us at such advantage In the Lord we live move and have our being in his hands is our breath how dare we then provoke him O the great folly and madness of presumptuous sinners but especially the folly madness and ingratitude of such unto whom the hand of Gods Providence hath reached plentiously of temporal blessings and they are the more licentious sensual and rebellious Do these men and women walk safely for themselves Do they well requite the Lord the giver of their breath and of all those temporal enjoyments they have 2. To reprove all such