Of Almond Milk THis differs not much in colour and taste from an Emulsion only 't is usually thicker than it This is two-fold one more liquid being a milky substance drawn out of Almonds like the Emulsion as aforesaid another thicker made thick with boyling of which at present And this is a restorative Medicine somewhat thinner of substance than syrup much like Milk hence 't is called Almond Cream Almond milk drawn and sweetned with Sugar prepared both to alter and nourish CHAP. IX Of Barly Cream THat which we from the matter it is made of call Barly cream the Antients from the manner of preparing called Ptisan which was a meat made of barly huld and baked for the Greek word signifies to hull and bark and water usually we cal this barly cream but our ptisan is a drink And though it be seldom prescribed yet 't is COMPOUNDED either after the grosser manner of barly cleansed and boyled which is given together with the broth adding sugar as you list but this is only convenient for sound people Or else that which is truly barly cream of huld barley two ounces let it boyle in fair water over a gentle fire then cast away the water and boyl it is a new water four or five houres with a gentle fire then pulp the barly thorow a strainer sweeten it with one ounce or ounce and a half or two ounces of sugar and after let them be a little boyled The VSE anciently it was wont to be the meat of feverish people but now a dayes 't is given for the most part neer sleeping time and then if they are troubled with over-watching there is added to it little of the emulsion prepared with white poppy seeds The UTILITY of it is much in fevers in which it is an alimentory medicine cooling cleansing nourishing much breeding good juyce it moystens and is best for affections of the breast hecticks CHAP. X. Of Milk and the whey of Milk MIlk also happens to be prescribed but chiefly in the phthyfick and disentery and that with some caution both in the sort of milk and also in the dose and manner of giving it Asses milk is chiefly commended in the hectick because it restores radical moysture and is of good juice Cows milk is the fattest and fullest of butter sheeps milk is fullest of cheese Goats milk moderate between all best for persons extenuated As to the USE DOSE and manner of PRESCRIBING 't is this â„ž of Asses milk when you would cool cleanse but Goats milk when you would nourish four ounces of sugar or honey left it corrupt or grow sowr in the stomack one ounce and this for the first dose for the second dose increasing one ounce to five ounces so proceeding til you come to ten ounces or twelve ounces and then decreasing again by the same degrees til you are returned to the same quantity let it be taken 4 hours before meat neither sleeping nor moving the body violenly after the taking of it But the use of milk is never to be begun til the body be very wel cleansed The UTILITY 't is chiefly prescribed for those that are hectical for it fattens restores in the use of it we must have a care that the body be not impure for in a cold stomack it sowres in a hot it turns to a nidorousness from whence comes Head-ach it is not therefore profitable for them that are Feverish or have their short rib-region puft up but 't is very commodious in the dysentery both to lenifie and also cleanse and heal the Ulcer especially if it be chalibeated and you give a good quantity of it morning and evening with one scruple of Terra sigillata four hours before any meat The WHEY OF MILK is not nourishing but medicinal and evacuates both serous and adust humors if it be liberally taken it cools and is good in those that are Feverish and in the heat of the Liver and Reins in summer time but most profitable in Melancholy and affections proceeding from it as the Leprosie Scabbiness c. especially if Fumitory be steeped in it This is the USE and manner of PRESCRIBING â„ž VVhey of Milk let it be strained boyled both because it is windy as also that any thing of curdiness in it may be separated and settled then steep in two pound of it for one night one handful of Fumitory of Succory m. ss when 't is strained add to it an ounce or an ounce and half of Sugar but the second day two ounces are to be added more so every day increasing til you come to three pound afterwards on the contrary decreasing til you come to one pound Otherwise let one pound serve every day for a moneth together steeping in it the same quantity of Fumitory adding to it when 't is strained one ounce of Sugar and in Melancholy people as much of the Cider or juice of pippins Otherwise 't is used for fevers and heats to eight ounces with sorrel steeped in it and that in the morning four hours before meat that they more hang in it tyed in a ragg 2 drams or more of yest or Leven and add to it half a dram or two scruples of spices to every pound and so according to the quantity of Hony The USE and UTILITY it is prescribed for the ordinary drink in cold affections and especially the phlegmatick and where the abstaining from VVine is advantagious or where the use of it is hurtful as in the Palsey or when we desire effectual virtues powerful both to alter cold humors and strengthen the natural heat it also wonderfully preserves from putrefaction But as it is convenient for them that are of cold complexion and for old men so is it hurtful for those that are feverish cholerick or hot of temper because it soon turns into choler and grows bitter as we may finde in boyling it over-much or by keeping it too long therefore Hippocrates forbiâ—s it to them that are very cholerick or that have great spleens in which it is too suddenly drawn into the body from hence it is that it is the cause of crudities and incredible windiness of the intrals it is also according to Hippocrates diuretica wonderfully cleansing and driving forth sand 〈◊〉 or gravel The Winish performs this more sorcibly and like Malmsey powerfully concocts cold humours expectorates â—â—enâ—thens the stomack and concoction discusseth windiness concocts crudities as also doth the commoner sort according to Galen it wonderfully loosens humors in the breast and is good for them that be asthmatick The Medicinal Mead is easily prepared of the simple by boyling dryed simples in it respecting the part to which it is destined and of those such as are most pleasant let them be boyled after it is clear scum'd let them be for example four handfuls of Herbs boyl them and strain the LIquor from them in which infuse for two or three hours half an ounce or six drams of spices
above declared in the form of the sudorifical diet-drink otherwise it is to be prescribed and prepared of fresh ingredients one ounce or two ounces of the same or some other sudorifick being added over and above let all be infused twelve hours in twelve pints of water as above solet them be boyled onely to the consumption of a third or fourth part let them be strained thorow an Hippocras bagg and rellish it with half a pound or a pound of sugar or else season it to your palate and aromatize it with three drams or half an ounce of Cinnamom so make a secondary Decoction or a â—ochete to be kept in glass bottles for your ordinary drink Or else 't is made for present use either in regard no diet-drink hath been prescribed before out of whose residence this may be prepared or because perhaps it was composed of other simples both alterers and purgeâ—e whose virtues are not needful in this kinde of ordinary drink then is it to be prepared of some one or more of the suborificks prescribed to two ounces or two ounces and a half after the same manner as is above-said so make a Bochete to be used as is said The USE FORM and UTILITY are already sufficiently declared CHAP. XV. Of Cock-Broth THe reason of the name is plain this was the invention of the Antients and is much confirmed by the use and practise of late Physitians But this DECOCTION of a Cock is a broth prepared either to alter or purge of an old Cock together with some certain sudorificks and also alterers and sometimes also purgers From hence this sort of decoction is two-fold altering and purging The altering Cock-borth IN the altering broth are considered chiefly the matter and the Licuor and in both of them the quality and quantity As to the matter in respect of its quality an old COCK is taken as it were for the basis Then either his belly is filled with these following things or else they are added neer the end of the decoction and they are usually these sudorificks as China Salsaparilla Sassafras either alone or mixed in the Asthma and Hypochondriacal melancholy they are chiefly prescribed as also to them alterers as Roots Leaves Seeds Fruits more or less As to the quantity Sudorificks are prescribed to two ounces but the alterers much like their quantity in the altering Apozem or somewhat less The LIQUOR as to the quality is alwayes fair water As to the quantity q. s The USE as to the quantity the dose is six or eight ounces As to the time 't is to be taken in the morning continuing the use of if fifteen dayes or the space of a moneth And this is the FORM â„ž an old decrepit red Cock or of four or five years old that hath been tired with coursing and beating pul off his feathers whiles he is alive then strangle him and take out his bowels let his belly be filled with the Sudorificks fruits and seeds as aforesaid then sew it up and boyl him in a glazed pot with a sufficient quantity of water til the flesh be consumed and wholly fal from the bones but when the broth is scum'd at first add the roots c. and towards the end of the decoction add the leaves and flowers c. boyl them til there remains about three pints of broth straine it and presse it out strongly and keep the decoction in a glass bottle in a cold place taking off all the fat when it is cold Take of this broth from one pint to eight ounces in the morning adding if you wil especially in the affections of the breast sugar or some fit syrup to an ounce continuing it fifteen dayes or the space of one moneth The UTILTY of it is much in stubborn obstructions hence it is that it is generally prescribed in the hypochondriacal melancholy for which purpose there is usually prescribed for this sort of broth the â—â—ots of Parsley Succory Grass Sparagus the leaves of Ceterach Baume Bugloss Burnet Agrimony Frâ—its as Corans and sometimes China and Sassâ—fras wood it is also used in any other durable obstructions of the intrals as also in the affections of the breast especially the Asthma to which China is added with fruits â—dedicated to the breast and in arthritical pains with wood of Sassasras and for paleness of the face c. The purging Cock-broth IT differs not from the former except that beside the aforesaid ingredients there are also added purgers and for the most part these of Senna Polypody Carthamus and two ounces or two ounces and a half Agarick one ounce as much Epithymum which are shut up in the belly of the duck and is prescribed to be made a decoction to two pints in which dissolve if you wil four ounces of sugar and to be aromatized c. for 4 morning doses thus to be used every moneth And the hypochondriacal melancholy obstructions of the bowels Gout and Cholick but 't is very seldom used for the Asthma or difficulty of breath CHAP. XVI Of the Restorative distilled liquor WHere the sick are extreamly weakned either by the violence or length of the disease or some extreame evacuation they very hardly digest any meat to repair their lost spirits or else through nauseousness they refuse all yet ought the strength both to be preserved and restored wherefore the late Writers have invented a way to preserve them by liquors distilled out offlesh that hath both good and much nourishment This from the effect is called the distilled Restorative as also sometimes from the matter 't is made of they call it Capon-water This DISTILLED RESTORATIVE distilled water or Liquor thus drawn by a still imbued with the nourishing virtue of the flesh chiefly of Capons and with the Medicinal virtues of divers conserves powders waters and Juyces is chiefly prepared to restore lost and decaying strength And in this three things are to be considered the Composition Vse and Vtility In the COMPOSITION two things chiefly the matter of which 't is made and the things 〈◊〉 be dissolved in it As to the MATTER 't is commonly the flesh of a Capon or Hen or else of two Partridges cut in the middle cleansed from the fat bones washed in some Cordial Liquor as rose-Rose-water white Wine c. to this they take mingle with it â—ivers Conserves Preserves Cordial powders to little purpose leaves of Gold c. and sprinkle all with a convenient Liquor and distil it in balneo Mariae but because by this means the nourishing quality of the flesh is very smal or none in the distilled water and this manner also is reproved the thing is to be more accurately performed which wil be done if you boyl the aforesaid flesh to a perfect pap and thence strain forth the broth and with it mix the aforesaid things and distil them The matter of this sort of distillation is twofold nourishing and Medicinal the nourishing matter as to the quality usually one Capon
cotton c. and apply it But of the Troschischs ℞ c. Make Troschischs see before The VTILITY is as is said either to strengthen or alter diversly usually to dry the brain and consume Catarrhs strengthen for Phlegm contained in the breast in divers affections to dry the ulcers of the lungs of Tobacco Coltsfoot Brimstone c. to provoke or stop the courses of fit things as also to stay the Fluxes of the belly as the dysentery against fits of the mother of ill-scented things to the superior and sweet scented things to the inferior parts to dry and strengthen the womb and help conception for Ulcers of the ears nose mouth lungs womb c. for the French Pox of Cinnaber as is usual whose fume received in a close place cures that filthy disease by a spetting Flux and all affections depending thereon as Ulcers pains And t is usually made in the form of a powder or Troschisch as ℞ Cinnaber one ounce and a half Gum balf an ounce four dram of a strengthening powder two drams three drams make a powder or else with turpentine make Troschischs The MOYST Suffiment is otherwise properly called a vapor and is made of a liquor fit for the purpose sending forth a vapor by the help of boyling it T is COMPOSED 1. Either of a simple liquor as vinegar wine Aqua vitae or Rose water c. Note that sometimes red hot flints are quenched in the vinegar for the discussing of hard Oedematous swellings as also red hot tyles to be quenched in vinegar and the vapor received as is usual in the time of the pestilence 2. Or of the decoction of fit simples to be prescribed in the quantity of the fomentation or according to the ampleness of the part Therefore in affections of the ears a third part of that will suffice The VSE and FORM ℞ c. make a decoction whose vapor let them receive in affections of the womb and others also thorow a hollow stool and a leaden Pipe or Tunnel see the Insession in affections of the ears by a Pipe or Tunnel which they vulgarly call an EMBOIE The UTILITY is great especially in affections of the Womb in staying or provoking the courses of mollifiers and attenuators in the dysentery of binders in divers affections of the Anus or Fundament in stopping and easing the Hemorrhoids they are also prescribed for affections of the ears and eyes In general they may be used to dry binde relax mollifie discuss open c. CHAP. X. Of Odoraments or Perfumes THey are prescribed partly for delight partly for health but chiefly to alter the brain refresh the animal spirits to put away ill sents and infectious ayre for the increasing the vigour and spirits of the heart also the sent of them being attracted with the breath into the Lungs and thence to the heart They are made of sweet smelling things and are either dry or moist Dry Perfumes These are Compounded 1 In the forme of a powder see the suffiments but the quantity of this is to be limited according to the manner of using it if it be for the greater baggs 't is best to use the Violet or Cipreos powder but for the lesser sort two or three ounces wil serve yet so that the quantity of the gums be diminished see above which in a box bored ful of holes or otherwise you may hold to the nose in a little knot or bagg of silk 2. Or in the form of a Pomander of the powder aforesaid in Suffiment for pleasure to one ounce an ounce and a half or two ounces adding Musk Ambergreese Civet to grains 6. half a scruple or a scruple as you please And 't is made up either with Gum tragant dissolved in Rose water so make two Pomanders to be carried in the hands or which is better let them be incorporated with Ladanum dissolved so make a Pomander which anoint with some sweet oyl Note also that t is better for your Musk Ambergreese Civet not to go into the Composition but to wipe the outside of it over with them dissolved as also with oyl of Cinnamom Cloves c. alone or mixt and to renew them often 3. Or in the form of Globulets or beads made of the same masse as the powders are but the proportion of it must be according to the quantity you intend to make to which the Apothecaries to increase the quantity of them add willow charcole finely powdered 4. Or in the form of a perfumed sope for the washing of the hands and head of Venice sope or other white sope to 4 ounces sweet powder six drams and if you wil Musk or Ambergreece gr 3 4 c. with a sufficient quantity of Rose water incorporate and make bals great or little The VSE let the sent of them be often snuffed up but the scope is onely to cleanse the hands and head from filthiness c. The VTILITY is expressed at first Moist Perfumes They are Compounded 1. in the form of sweet water and this is either simple as Orange-flower water to 3 ounces of which you may add of Musk or Ambergreese gr 2 or 3 The Compound is made of Odoriferous things liquid as Rose-water Orange-flower water c. 4 ounces Cinnamon water one ounce and dry things as of sweet powders to 2 3 or 4 drams and if you wil some few grains of Musk and Ambergreese 2. Or in the Form of a Liniment which now adayes they cal sweet balsam of white wax often washed and melted one ounce of some convenient chymical oyls one dram and if you wil Musk Civet Ambergreese some few grains or more coursly of half an ounce of sweet powder wax 3 drams oyl of Ben or of sweet Almonds q. s so maken Liniment adding Musk Ambergreese c. to some few grains The VSE of the water is to wash the hands beard and hair of the head chiefly The use of the Balsam and its utility is the same as that of the dry perfume the hand also may be lightly smeared and the inside of the nostrils to avoid stenches to comfort the brain and heart and the spirits of both CHAP. XI Of the Scute IT is in general a topical Medicine for the stomack made in the form of a Scutcheon which seeing it is usually made both of plaisters and baggs custome hath so far prevailed the strengthening bagg is often used for the Scute 'T is COMPOVNDED therefore 1. in the form of a bagg of the powders of heating stomachical stomachical things observing these rules in every thing that are set down for your Quilt Caps from whose Form it onely differs in the use so that 〈◊〉 the proportion of the powder be also two ounces 2. Or in the form of a Plaister of the mass of some stomachical plaister as Empl. de Mastiche 2 ounces and of some stomachical powder to half an ounce to which also are sometimes added wel sented gums to 2 drams and are all made up with
quantity 't is taken to a spoonful or a spoonful and an half or two As to the time if it be for strengthening the animal faculty 't is best after meat or at going to sleep if for the vital at any time when need requires for the natural either before with or after meat The Vtility is to preserve the vigor of the principal parts to restore the strength wasted by diseases Hence it is that the use of these candied confections is wholly restorative rather helping nature and the strength than regarding the disease which neverthelesse is not to be neglected therefore these candied confections are made heating cooling binding c. the use of them is frequent in the hypochondriacal affection panting of the heart consumption of the lungs weaknesse of the stomack and liver c. THE THIRD SECTION Of the First Book OF THE SOLID FORMES OF MEDICINES CHAP. I. Of Paste-royal and morsels THere is also an invention of modern Writers which in consistence resembles Pineolates or Paste of Pine kernels made of divers things wrought together like paste from whence its name and of sugar dissolved in some convenient liquor and boiled to the height of Tabulets this is made into boles or morsels like Conserves of Roses dried hence it is called morsels which being leisurely dried are kept for use and are somtimes gilded and this is called Paste-Royal for the Soveraign virtues it hath in affections of the brest lungs and in extenuated bodies In this also three things are to be noted Composition Vse and Vtility As to the Composition 't is made two wayes 1. Either without the flesh of living creatures as shall be said of bechical fruits and seeds only and sugar These fruits are for the most part blanched Almonds washed soaked and bruised the kernels of Pistaches and pine nuts washed also in a fit water as of violets or roses They are usually prescribed to the quantity of four ounces The seeds are the four greater cold seeds usually huld and bruised to which when sleep is to be provoked the seeds of white poppy and lettice are added Let these be prescribed to the quantity of two ounces or two ounces and an half The sugar is to be chosen white dissolved in a fit liquor the quantity of it is usually set down q s yet it should usually be double the proportion of the rest 2. Or else this paste is made restorative with the flesh of the tortoses of the wood washed and boyl'd in barley water the head and tail being left out and this is afterwards called Testudinate paste or paste of Tortoses or with the flesh of Crawfish Capons and Partridges or else to these are added the fruits aforesaid seeds and powders mentioned in the Candies and sugar dissolved in Rosewater usually in this proportion Of flesh three or four ounces Fruits three ounces Seeds one ounce an ounce and half And let one dram of powders answer to every ounce of the rest and of those that are precious a lesse quantity Sugar is mentioned q. s Somtimes Ambergreece and Musk are added in small quantity to some few grains somtimes also the paste is covered over with leaf gold The VSE the manner is either by it self or in broth The Dose or united quantity is to half an ounce or an ounce the morsels in numb one or two The divided quantity 't is to be taken often with meat and in your meals The time is expressed The FORME â„ž c. make a confection in morsels and somtimes 't is added like pineolate so let it be used The VTILITY the paste that is not nourishing is good for divers affections of the lungs and brest to incrassate lenifie cleanse or expectorate c but the restorative paste both in the same and the consumption for them that are extenuated and weakened by the ulcer of the lungs it nourisheth drieth and thickneth rheumes therefore the use is wholly restorative regarding also the affections from whence that lack of nourishment and dejection of the strength proceeds CHAP. II. Of a Pandaleon THis invention of the Arabians and latter Physitians is a medicine dedicated to the brest and lungs made of pleasant ingredients agreeing with the Lohoch to the same purpose differing only in form in which it resembles Tablets From them also it differs in this because they are made up in a certain shape but this when the sugar is sufficiently boiled and the ingredients mixed with it is poured into a box and there suffered to harden and at the time of using it a bit is taken out with a knife or spoon c. Therefore it is a medicine solid like Tablets kept in a box like a cake made of powders bechical conserves and sugar dissolved and made into a Tablet consistence appointed for the same uses as Lohochs are And in it three things are to be noted Composition Vse and Vtility The COMPOSITION is two wayes 1. Either of bechical powders simple or compound several or mixed and sugar dissolved in a fit liquor boiled in or neer this proportion that to half an ounce of the powder there may be four ounces of sugar dissolved or else q. s 2. Or of thoracical fruits and seeds powders of electuaries sugar dissolved after these proportions Of fruits two drams seeds an ounce powders three drams sugar q. s Note that conserves may somtimes be added to three drams or half an ounce The VSE the manner is to contain it in the mouth that it may leisurely melt and may gently be swallowed down and used frequently The quantity let a bit of this be taken from a spoon or the point of a knife The time is the same with that of the Lohochs The FORM â„ž c. make a Pandalcon in a convenient box of which c. The VTILITY is the same with that of the Lohochs from which this differs only in form and that this for the most part consists of the pleasantest things CHAP. III. Of Marchpane and Pineolates MArchpane is a most pleasant confection of latter writers nourishing much convenient for people that are leane and for affections of the lungs instead of sweet meats 'T is compounded of blanched Almonds three ounces Pistaches cleansed one ounce stamped in a marble mortar with a little rose-rose-water adding half a pound of white sugar make a paste which make into little cakes to be baked gently in an oven till they begin to be coloured yellow and are a little hardened other pleasant things may also be added as Cinamom c. A PINEOLATE is made to the same end of equal parts of pinekernels and sugar dissolved of which are made morsels adding musk for the better grace if you will but this is to be injoyned by the Physitian not else to be usually prescribed CHAP. IV. Of Tablets THat which they were wont to call the solid electuary is otherwise called from its flat shape a Tablet and because the sugar of which they are made when it is boiled and flatted
effectual united faculty To the Troschischs are to be referred the Muscardines WHich are little pastils so called from the musk they contain cheifly composed for the perfuming the breath and to exalt venereall moriscoes such are these of Gallia moschata that are most effectual They are compounded either simply of ambergreese musk-grains three four c as you wil and q. s sugar dissolved in rose-rose-water with a little starch Or else more compounded of the powder of some aromatical things of sweet savor as cinnamom Saunders one dram musk Ambergreese gr three or four as you list and sugar q. s make troschischs of which let him hold one often in his mouth CHAP. VII Of Powders THe USE of POWDERS is extream necessary both that solid medicines may come in use of themselves as also that they may the easilier be mixed with other formes of medicines but that which the Latines cal a powder the Arabians call by 3. names Suffuff any gross powder Alcohol the finest powders and Seiff the grinding of any sort of troschischs which is done on a stone with a fit water for affections of the eyes but a powder is either officinal or magisterial of which this discourse is The magisterial is either internal or external The internall is either purging strengthening or altering Purging Powder The definition and differences may be sought out of what is aforesaid It is compounded of Catharticks and for the most part those that are the pleasantest with their proper correctors in a proportion often before mentioned As to the quantity to an ounce an ounce and half is the most is prescribed and note that sugar for the more delicate may be added but in a smal quantity or equal to the powder and that exactly defined The VSE as to the manner 't is to betaken in broth or some convenient liquor As to the quantity the doses of the purgers are to be computed As to the time in the morning with custody The FORM â„ž c. Make a powder of which c. The VTILITY is to purge see afore The strengthening powder Although it may be prescribed to strengthen divers parts according to the scope of the Physitian yet 't is either to confirm the stomack and is called a Digestive or the heart and is called a Cordial and an Alexiterial it may be also made for other uses as to strengthen the Liver Intrals c. The COMPOSITION 1 of the digestive powder is in general of stomachical things that help concoction dissolvers of wind and binder But in special Coriander-seed prepared is usually the basis prescribed to an ounce to which are added things that discuss wind as Anniseed to half an ounce or 6 drams then strengtheners of the stomack either simple or compound to 2 or 3 drams at most with sugar of Roses in tablets s q. 2. The Cordial powder or that which strengthens other parts which is compounded both of simple and compound powders of Electuaries proper and specifical to half an ounce 6 drams or 1 ounce according as the use of it shal continue long or short yet so that the more pretious Cordial powders be joyned but in a smal quantity either to a fourth or sixth part these are prescribed either alone or for the better taste sake sugar rosat is mixed with them to three or four times their weight The VSE and form of the Digestive powder â„ž c. Make a powder of which let him take a spoonful neither eating nor drinking after it But of a Cordial or other strengthening powder as hepatical c. this is the form â„ž c. Make a powder of which let him take 1 2 or 3 drams with water broath or other convenient liquor and that in the morning the stomack being empty or else when necessity requires especially if it be Alexiterial The VTILITY is for the strengthening of the principal parts and others also and consists for the most part of hot things yet with the same intention of strengthening they may be prepared of cooling things Hither appertains the altering powder altering divers wayes according to the scope in first second and third qualities as that which is generally prescribed of steel against obstructions with other openers to one ounce or two ounces with an equal quantity of sugar of which a spoonful is taken every morning drinking after it a little wine or other convenient Liquor so against the stone or gravel of stone-breaking medicines to an ounce an ounce and a half and Sugar s q. of which take one dram or a dram and a half with a diuretical Liquor so to provoke the birth and courses as also to bind the fluxes of blood both by stool and from the Womb and bladder against all kindes of fluxes and to alter divers wayes when moysture is one cause offending Thus much of an internal powder The external powder is also sometimes prescribed and is either physical or chirurgical The physical or medicinal is for the most part strengthening as is usually prescribed for comforting and drying the brain of proper cephalical things as Roots Leaves c. prescribed to two ounces adding to it also and that frequently the violet or cypris powder to one ounce or one ounce and a half more or less but for the most part they take of roots two ounces seeds six drams flowers three drams spices two drams The VSE and FORM â„ž c. Make a gross powder with which let the head be dryed in the morning which is most usual lafter the washing of it The VTILITY is to strengthen the brain and dry the phlegmatick and to waste the excrementitious moysture of the hairs of the head The Chyrurgical powder is various to be prescribed only by a Chyrurgeon to cleanse fil and heal Ulcers stop the bleeding of wounds c. the quantity of prescribing it varies according to the various occasion of its use THE SECOND BOOK OF EXTERNAL REMEDIES The First SECTION Of Remedies common to many parts CHAP. I. Of Epithemes or liquors to be applyed to any part IF you regard the signification of the name every external medicine that is applyable to any part may be so called but now it claims a peculiar kinde of right in designing only those remedies that are externally applyed to the Heart and Liver and the nobler parts of the body to alter strengthen and is two-fold liquid and solid The liquid Epitheme The name is apparent and it is fluid like water or a Julep chiefly composed of a convenient liquor and cordial powders In it three things are to be considered the Composition Vse and Vtility In the Composition we must regard the matter of which 't is made whether liquid or dry as powder or mean between both and in either of these the quality and quantity The Liquor as to its quality is for the most part a distilled water as the basis such as is proper both for the affection and part affected and that either alone or else
Carthamum and sometimes Turbith to half an ounce or 6 drams The quantity of it and of the things to be dissolved is as in a Gargarisme The USE and FORM is the same for it is really a purging gargarisme The VTILITY is the same as of the masticatory yet because when gargarized it enters farther into the Throat and it also draweth farther from the almons of the ears and ousle and 't is also thought to draw more powerfully from the brain CHAP. VII Of Dentifrices THis Remedy though it seem onely beautifying yet 't is often prescribed by Physitians for other affections 'T is Composed 1. Either in the form of water with which either the teeth are washed or else they are rubbed with a linnen with it hither belong the spirits of Vitriol and Sulfure in a smal quantity diluted in the water with which the teeth may be rubbed It marvelously cleanseth and whiteneth them and preserves them from rotting yet it must be done warily for it makes them apt to break 2. Or else in the forme of a liniment of six drams or 1 ounce of powder with a s q. of hony of Roses so make it of the consistency of an Opiate or a Liniment 3. Or in the form of Troschischs like a suppository with which being dryed and hardened let the teeth be rubbed These are made of an ounce and a half or two ounces of powder with the muscilage of gum dragant q. s make Troschischs like suppositories and dry them The VSE and FORM â„ž c. Make c. with which either let the mouth be washed c. or anointed or let the teeth be rubbed afterwards let the the mouth be washed with a convenient liquor water wine c. The UTILITY 't is prescribed chiefly to whiten the teeth cleanse and fasten them also to remedy the scates and rottenness of them to strengthen and incarnate the gums and defend them from defluxions Note that as to the matter of them there is usually and profitably to cleanse Tartar Coral crust of bread burnt Salt Scuttle-bone Pumice-stone c. to which for the richer sort sweet smelling things as Musk Ambergreece should be added CHAP. VIII Of Errhines or sneezing Medicines 'T Is a Medicine in general which is drawn up in the nose from whence its name either for affections of the head or the proper affections of the nostrils to purge the first to alter the others diversly so that I may rightly esteem it two-fold purging and altering The purging Errhine 'T is dedicated to purge the brain of divers vitious humours which it doth either without sneezing and then is called absolutely an Errhine which they otherwise cal a he adpurge or with sneezing and then is called a Sternutatory or sneezing Medicine Of that which is called absolutely an Errhine It emptieth the brain without sneezing and in relation to its form is threefold Liquid soft and solid The Liquid is compounded 1. Either of Juices onely of head-purgers which is pressed out of 4 handfuls of the leaves bruised and strained with four ounces of white Wine this Liquor is kept in a glass bottle for use this is otherwise prescribed thus more briefly â„ž of the Juices newly drawn out of the leaves of green Herbs with white wine c four ounces eight ounces seldom 't is prescribed to lib 1. unless for a continual use and in diets Note that sometimes to make it the more cephalical Betony c. may be joyned with it or a little of some cephalical decoction and that it may the more penetrate one ounce of Aqua vitae may be added 2. Or altogether of a decoction of cephalical things as the Apophlegmatisme is the leaves of head-purgers being joyned of which strained take 6 or 8 ounces in which either nothing is dissolved or sometimes fit juyces to 2 or 3 ounces Aqua vitae c. Note that some to purge the more wil-dissolve purging opiates in it but 't is better to boyl some fit purger with the rest of the things The VSE and FORM â„ž c. Make an Errhine or a head purge keep it in a glass bottle let it be used warm in the morning two hours before dinner or also before supper snuff it up out of the palm of the hand the mouth being ful of water continue this 3 or 4 dayes 3 or 4 times at once or if a diet be appointed let it be continued the whole time of the diet The SOFT Errhine is compounded 1 In the form of a Liniment of divers juyces and oyl of Iroes ana two ounces boyl them to the consumption of the juyces add wax q. s make a Liniment to which may be added a dram and a half of sharp powders or which is best half a scruple or a scruple of Elaterium 2. Or in the consistence of an Opiate of two ounces of the aforesaid Juyces Wine an ounce and a half Honey q. s boyl it gently to the consistence of an opiate N B that besides sharp or or purging powders as Elaterium Colocinthis may be added to one scruple Note also that the Opiate may be made without Juices of two drams or 3 drams of powder honey q. s The VSE and FORM â„ž c. make c. and with your finger or a feather anoint the inside of your nostrils and holding forwards your head let the humors be drawn forth t is best after it to wash the nostrils See Errhinum The SOLID is compounded 1. either in the form of a powder of fit things to two drams 3. drams half an ounce 2. or in a solid form and is properly called a Nasal of the powder of such like things two or three drams make it up with a fit muscilage or turpentine q s and wax make a Nasal in the shape of a Pyramid The VSE and FORM of the Powder â„ž c. blow up a little as for example half a scruple or a scruple with a quil into the Nostrilâ— Of the Nasal thuâ— â„ž c. make it in the figure of a Piramid which being anointed with oyl put it up in the Nostrils The VTILITY is after general purges in aâ—fections of the head especially the cold and lasting ones and also in them that proceed from choler and watrish humors from whence often spring very sharp pains and for all affections arising from the foulness of the brain therefore in diets it is most usual and most profitable it purgeth the foremost ventricles of the brain and the meminges or coverings of it but t is warily to be prescribed in affections of the eyes The sneezing medicine T is COMPOUNDED of the Powder of sneezing simples to one dram and a half or 2. drams for they are strong The USE and FORM â„ž c. Make a fine powder whose steam is either to be drawn into the Nostrils or especially when cephalical things are mixed with it in equal quantity a little as gr 1 2 3 by the help of a quil may be snuffed up in the
Stavesacre Treacle-mustard Sesely Silvermontan Fruits Figs Raisins bitter Almonds Juniper berries Bay-berries Gums Mastick Ammoniack Myrrh Animal things Castor These Simples as to their use are either chewed as is usually the roots of Pellitory of Spain steeped all night in Vinegar to ℥ i. or else a powder made of the aforesaid things to ʒ iii. or ℥ s is taken with s q. of wax and made up into Troschischs as big as Lupines one of which is chewed in the mouth and so rolled up and down a reasonable while Opthalmicks or Eye-Medicines called by by the Latines and Greeks Opthalmica THey are called so in general which are used to heal diverse affections of the Eyes and are divided chiefly into three Classes The first contains the Oxidorcicks or Medicines that sharpen the sight The second contains those Medicaments that are for the inflāmation of them either in the beginning as Repellers and Anodynes or easers of pain or else in the state and declination as Digesters or Discussers the third includes the Cleansers that are used in the Ulcers Spots Suffusions and such like affections of the Eyes Oxidorcicks or Sharpners of the Sight Internal Roots Of Fennel Celendine the greater Avens Valerian Leaves Of Eye-bright Celendine Fumitory Fennel Vervain Rue Clary Seeds Silvermountain seed Rape seed Radish seed Fennel Carraway seed Clarified Juices Of Fennel Vervain Eyebright Marjoram Rue Distilled Waters Of Eyebright Vervain Celandine Fennel Rue Wine Of Eyebright On the contrary these hurt the Sight Radishes Garlick Onions Mustard and Cresses Externall Oxidorcicks or Quickeners of Sight Water of Hony if the dimnesse proceed from the thicknesse of the tunicles distilled Waters of the aforesaid sight-sharpning simples mixt together adding Gall and the Urine of a Boy under age white Wine and Hony Antimony to ʒ i. infused in ℥ iv of Water The Juices aforesaid dropped into the Eye the Juice of Rocket and of flowring Willow that which drops out at a cut in the Bark Anodynes or Easers of Pain Mucilages Of the seed of Fleawort of white Poppy seeds where you would also Lenifie of Quince seed where you would also bind Waters Of Roses of pickings of Roses of Plantain Nightshade Housleek Purslain Womens milk white of an Egg beaten with water Sweet Apples roasted under the Embers or boiled in Milk juice of Apples Crums of Bread steeped and boiled in Milk adding a little Saffron to gr iv or v. White Troschises of Rhazis where there is great pain And in vehement pain Opium to gr ii in liquid Colliriums Repellers Waters Of Roses Mirtles Plantains Violets Purslain Nightshade Juices O◠Quinces sowr Apples Pomegranates white of an Egg. Muscilage Of Quince seed pulp of Quinces boiled in some binding Water as in the Water of stalks or pickings of Roses Discussers Decoctions Of Fenngreek Camomile Melilot Fomentations and Vapors Of the same things together with the Oxidorcicks before named Waters Of Eyebright Aqua vitae ¶ Of Fennel Celendine Rue with a little white Vitriol or salt peeter in it Animals their parts and Excrements Womans milk the blood of Pigeons and turtle Doves the feathers of young Pigeons that are full of blood drawn forth and pressed into the Eyes the gall of Fishes Gums Sarcocal fed with milk Rosins Myrrh and Frankincense Juices Aloes Verjuice where there is also a burning joined with the others And lastly Saffron Cleansers Some are gentle without biting the use of which is in the declination of Inflammations as Sugar-candy Hony juice of red Roses Antimony washed Cadmia Pompholix or white Tutty gray Tutty Skuttle-bone Pumice-stone Lead burnt and washt Others are stronger and joined with a biting the Vse of which is chiefly in Suffusions Skins and sometimes in Ulcers as gals of Fishes which are the gentler of four-footed Beasts which are moderate and of Birds which are the strongest to which add the gall of Vipers and Serpents Note that the gall of Partridges is the strongest of all and that of Hens is the gentlest Juices Of Fennel Quinces Celendine blew flowred Pimpernel Urine water of Hony compounded with the Oxidorcicks Others are the strongest of all as Vitriol burnt Verdigrease white Vitriol a liquor of which made with the whites of Eggs is excellent in the inflammation Itch and rednesse of the Eyes crude Antimony Oticks or Ear-Medicines by the Latines Auricularia by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THese are Remedies that help the Hearing and are two-fold Internal and External The Internal are the Cephalical Medicines before rehearsed which alter consume or discusse the Humor contained in the inward cavity of the Ear whether they be hot if the Malady come from cold and grosse Humors or cold if the cause of the Deafnesse proceeds from hot Humors which useth to happen in acute Diseases after the Crisis the matter of the Disease being sent to the Ears External also are two-fold Hot and Cold. The Hot are these following Waters Aqua vitae simple or compounded with some of the other Cephalical things made in white Wine this cuts cleanseth digests any slimy Humor And to this purpose there are infused the roots of Radish Leeks Onions Sowbread white Hellebore Castor Saffron salt Peeter Cows gall besides the Cephalical things ¶ Crato commends Carduus benedictus infused in Spirit of Wine and then distilled for a singular Experiment See Crato Ep. 59. Decoctions made of the same things in Aqua vitae simple Vinegar or Vinegar of squils Juices Of Onions Leeks Radishes Rue Ash Common Oyls As of bitter Almonds Spikenard Distilled Oyls These following besides the Cephalical Oyls aforesaid of Sage Rue Cummin seed Carraways Fennel seed Bay berries Spike Animols The fat of an Eele that drops from it whilest it is roasting dropped into the Ear for is mollifies and relaxeth by reason of its fat substance attenuates and discusseth partly by the quality it obtains from the fire but chiefly by that it gets from Bay leaves wherewith it should be stuck full when it is laid down ¶ To these may be added the fat of an Hedgehog prepared after the same manner and Woodlice which some call Monks pease others Cheeslogs powdered and mixed with somu auricular Oyl and dropped into the Ear. Suffumigations made of the like things as are before spoken of Musk wrapped up in wool or cotten and put into the Ear. ¶ Civet is much more forcible especially if you add to it a drop or two of Oyl of Cinamon or Cloves The Cold are these Oyls Of Water-lillies Roses Violets Womens milk warm from the brest Juice or liquor of Vines which distils from the branches cut in the Spring Decoctions of Cooling things as Roses Mallows Violets Willow Lettuce Water-lillies ¶ Plantain Endive Straw-berries Purslain Odonticks or Teeth-Medicines THey are so called that strengthen the Teeth and by cleansing them from the filth whiten them these are a fit matter for Dentifrices and they are these following Of Plants the stalks of Burnet Pellitory of the wall
practice from this foundation because every Apozem is likely prescribed for four doses the purgers must be taken in such a quantity as may suffice for these four that is four several doses of them are to be put into the decoction as alwaies these three Senna Polyooâ—y and Carthamus after the usual manner which you must appoint for the basis as for example to purge Phlegme four times together to one ounce or one ounce and a half of Senna and as much Polypody and although you have prescribed also as much Carthamus yet shal you add a fourth as Agarick to half an ounce or six drams and you wil have your aim but if besides Agarick you desire other phlegmagogues as Turbith or Hermodactils then either the dose of this or the others is to be diminished or at least a less proportion of these stronger is to be prescribed and this is a general rule safe every where yet you may prescribe a less quantity in respect of the sex age and time of the Year c. The Montpelier Physitians out of custom do usually prescribe a greater quantity as was before noted in the Composition so that against the common rules of others they take of the gentlest purgers to a sixfold or eight-fold proportion of the more vehement as Turbith to a four-fold quantity but although the Montpeliers do this other circumstances being seen to securely yet is it not to be followed in all places nor the dose so indifferently to be prescribed but rather relie on the common practice before mentioned or else search out the several doses of the simples in the substance by comparing of which you wil readily find out the several doses for the decoctions this only is to be 〈◊〉 ted that though Tamarinds by this rule of proportion might be boiled to eight ounces which is the four-fold proportion because they are given in substance to two ounces yet we seldom in the decoction transcend the dose in which they are given in substance because being viscid they make the decoction clammy and grosâ— hard to be clarified Myroâ—tilans also though they 〈…〉 purge yet are they never to be prescribed in the â—eattr but alwaies in the less dose at most to half an ounce or 6 drams because they make the decoction too much astringent contrary to the intention of the Physitian therefore also are they to be only lightly boiled in an Apozem purely purging but rather to be infused as by the counsel of Mesues is rightly admonished against the vulgar practice 4. But the ingredients of either Apozem are not to be prescribed promiscuously in any order but in a certain manner according to the nature of the things that are to be boiled according to that order which the Apothecary observes in preparing decoctions by the rules of art as first roots 2ly Leaves c. and so they add the rest severally to be boiled as is above set down yet although this be so the root of Liquorice because for its tenuitie of substance it is boiled in the rank with the flowers it may also be prescribed with them so if sweet Woods or Aromatical barks as Cinamom be set down with the number of Roots yet because they ought to be boyled last for their spirits which are easily vanishing therefore ought they to be prescribed last either with or immediatly before the flowers Seeds should be added after the Leaves yet the four greater cold Seeds especially of Melons and Gourds are prescribed just before the leaves so your red soicers are to be prescribed either with or just before the leaves and Barley is seldom set among the seeds but with the leaves for this is chiefly to be boyled but Mucilaginous seeds are to be added but just before the flowers as the seeds of Mallows Marsh Mallows c. lest by too long boyling they make the Decoction too thick and troubled I have before said that Catharticks are to be prescribed before the flowers yet Polypody of the Oak is most usually added amongst the roots but Epithymum usually among the Flowers and often in their quantity viz. by the Pugil correctives are to be placed immediatly after the purgers 5. Concerning the Liquor this is to be noted that Wine is usually added to Apozems or Decoctions in cold affections obstructions when gross humors are to be attenuated or when the force of the Medicine is to be conveyed far into the body but not so conveniently prescribed when they say in equal parts of Wine and Water because t is without commodity for if by a most gentle heat nay warmth the spirit of Wine from whence Wine hath his acuteness and energie and without which Wine is but water without life in distillation doth ascend and be elevated into the air the vessel being opened in the boyling what can we hope for but the whole loss of it by such boiling hence we must conclude that Wine is much more profitably added at the last after boiling Here is to be noted that the opening roots are usually macerated in Vinegar with a good Proviso but they do ill-which after pour out the Vinegar and boyl roots only robbed of their virtue for the virtue of them is passed into it which by this means is pour'd away for any sharp Liquors do effectually draw forth the force and essence of things as we may see in Extracts the Liquor therefore should not be poured away for it serves to dissolve the things decocted 6. It is to be noted that the limits of the decoction is ambiguously defined only in general the ingredients should be boyled til they have left all their virtue in the Liquor which in special some note by the change in the colour and alteration of the appearance of things viz. that the hard things should be softned others wasted Galen appoints to the Thirds sometimes to half Mesue to almost half modern Writers are various but that truth may be found both the faculties and nature of the Medicaments are to be considered for they whose virtues are easily dissolved are to be boyled the less time as to the consumption of the third or fourth part lest the efficacy of the simples consisting in a thin substance should vanish but they whose virtues will hardly exhale may be boyled to the wasting of two thirds they whose virtues are of a middle temper may be boyled to halves And that which is correspondent those things that are boyld in four times their quantity of Water to the thirds they which are boyld in 6 times their quantity til half be wasted as for the most part are all Apozems and Decoctions from whence this may be gathered that simples of a solid close hord substance as Roots Woods and Barks that are without smel should be boyld in eight times their quantity of water those which are of a rare thin soft subtile substance as Flowers Spices Purgers in four times their quantity those of a middle substance between these as Leaves Seeds and
The Vtility is great and the virtue of it specifical besides what is afore-said in taking away diseases especially cold ones and those of long continuance as the Palsey c. CHAP. XII Of Sugred Water and Barly Water SUGRED WATER is a more sweet and pleasing drink than Mead and is almost as effectual in those in whom we abstain from the use of Mead for fear of heat and is chiefly convenient for them that are abstemious It is made of Fountain water clarified at the fire 12 parts and sugar one part more or less to your palate You may aromatize it with Cinnamom or in fevers with Saunders to 3 drams or half an ounce so let them use it for their ordinary drink PTISAN was a meat of the Antients which we now call barly Cream Our ptisan is a drink fit broth for the healthy and Feverish and when heat is either present or imminent and where Wine is forbidden And this is made divers wayes according to the desire of them that take it Either it is made simply of whole Barley and fountain-water to one part of Barly ten fifteen or which is better twenty parts of water as 't is generally made in the shops which is to be boyled to the consumption of five parts and til the barly swel much Nicholaus therefore directs ill to boyl it to the consumption of fifteen parts unless it be for meat and such like is vulgarly ealled in the shops Barley water and decoction of Barley Or else Liquorice Raisins of the Sun the roots of Grass or Sorrel and other things according to the palate of him that takes it are boyled in it though in smal quantity but 't is seldom now a dayes prescribed by the Physitian The UTILITY it moistens cools cleanses yeilds little nourishment but such as is fit for cholerick and sanguine people and for them that are in fevers or have hot affections of the Liver Stomack or Reins Note that Barly water or that which we now cal Ptisan consists of whole barly one part of water twenty parts boyled til the barly swel and the cream of Barly til it be bursted but that which we cal Barly cleansed and boyled is boyled til it go into a pulp represents the Ptisan of the Antients and if it be pulped thorow a hair strainer 't is called the juyce of Barly CHAP. XIII Of Dyet-drink BY this name of Diet we do not so much understand the regulating of the six things not natural as divers decoctions made of usual sweating Medicines through the whole use of which because an exact and accurate way of living temperately is to be observed from hence it is that these have been absolutely called by the name of Diet. But that which we understand by the name Diet is a decoction of one of the usual sudorifical Medicines or more made in a fit Liquor prepared either to alter simply or evacuate insensibly by transpiration or sensibly by sweat Therefore a Diet-drink is to be accounted two-fold altering and evacuating The altering Diet-drink ALthough these four usual sweating Medicines seem to be destined only for provoking sweat yet are they often prescribed with very good success in divers affections without sweating hence it is that I cal it an altering Diet-drink In this three things are to be considered the Composition the Vse and Vtility In the COMPOSITION three things also the matter of which 't is made the Liquor and the things to be dissolved in it The MATTER in relation to its quality is two-fold 1. Some of the common Sudorificks as Guaiacum China Sassafras and Salsaparilla 2. Divers alterers as roots leaves seeds flowers c. respecting the affection the humor offending and part affected But in special that matter is chosen diversly according to the variety of the parts in which the affections that are to be removed are inherent For in altering and removing powerfully phlegmatick and inveterate affections we usually take Guaiacum China or Salsaparilla either alone or mixed together with fit alterers as aforesaid But in affections of the breast as the stuffing Ulcer and putrefaction of the Lunâ—s in which now a dayes such an altering diet is usually prescribed and is every where called the pectoral decoction we chuse either China alone or else there is sometimes added to it Salsaparilla or Sassafras together with alterers appropriated to the breast So that from what is said before an altering Diet drink may be reckoned two-fold 1. Not pectoral insensibly consuming the phlegmatick affections of divers parts 2. Pectorel viz. a decoction of China sometimes Salâ—apâ—rilla being added prepared of pectoral seeds and fruits such is only now a dayes prescribed As to the quantity those sudorificks in a diet-drink not pectoral are prescribed either alone or mixed to six ounces more or less according as the time age and region shal further require but alterers as Roots Leaves Seeds Flowers either all or some of them are to be added to half the quantity they are appointed for the Apozem aforesaid But in a pectoral Diet-drink whose basis is China this if alone is added to one ounce if other things aforesaid be joyned to it then to two drams or three drams of these they usually take six drams of China Of alterers pectoral fruits are added to an ounce and a half or two ounces pectoral seeds to an ounce or an ounce and a half and if as sometimes in the Phthysis the flesh of Craw-fish or tortoises be added 't is to an ounce or two ounces The LIQUOR in relation to its quality in an altering Diet drink not pectoral is common water or some other fit liquor as before in the Apozem chiefly Mead because these sorts of decoctions for the most part respect cold affections and humors In a pectoral Diet-drink also either common water or decoction of Barly is taken but with this proviso that the China be infused in this Liquor for some hours then let it be put up together with the pectoral fruits and seeds in the belly of a chick or hen then let them boyl in the aforesaid Liquor til all be boyled to pieces As to its quantity take 10 or 12 pints or q. s as is required to boyl it throughly Things to be dissolved as to their quality in a diet-drink not pectoral are sometimes syrup or sugar and are prescribed to be dissolved together with the aromaticks as in an altering Apozem In a pectoral drink sugar of Roses is generally prescribed yet it may be also some fit syrup As to their quantity they are dissolved to an ounce or an ounce and a half in every dose The USE in it mark three things the manner the quantity and the time The decoction not pectoral as to the manner indrinking is to be taken without sweating As to the united quantity or dose it is to be taken to four ounces or six ounces as to the divided quantity it is to be used ten or fifteen dayes As to the time this
the grasse benerth The Election That is to be chosen that is white new not more then a year old for that which is red or brown is too old round whose grains being broken are not spnngy nor ash'coloured but solid and white The Qualities According to Avicen and Mesue 't is temperate to Averrhoes 't is hot and moist it opens mollifiers smooths gently moves the belly draws forth choler and purgeth watrish humors chiefly dedicated to the wind-pipe and breast hence it is profitably used in hectical Fevers and to quench thirst 't is lesse useful in burning Fevers for its sweetness for which reason it easily turneth into choler 't is safely given both to Women with child and children The Correctors Because it is flatulent 't is corrected with a little Cinnamon Ginger or Aniseed and because 't is slow of operation 't is usually quickened with syrup of Roses solutive or some gently purging decoction some add two three or four grains of Diagridium The Dose Is from an ounce to two or three ounces but commonly to an ounce and a half and to children one ounce Mesues appoints from six drams to fifteen but perhaps he meant the best sort of Masticine Manna The form of giving it 'T is given iâ— the form of a potion dissolved in the broth of a Chicken in which 't is scarcely perceived or in VVhey or in some decoction or in a convenient water In the Cholick with oyl of sweet Almonds to which a little Malmsey should be added sometimes t is prescribed to be eaten down TAMARINDS The Kind T Is a fruit of a certain kind of Indian tree which the Arabians have referred to the kind of dates as if it were the fruit of a wild Datetree because t is called the Indian date for Tamar in their language signifies Date But they have not properly called this fruit Dates as if the tree were of the kinds of Dates or like a Date tree but more respecting the similitude of the fruit which also contain little stones in them as Dates do then which they had found no fitter name but the pulp of this Fruit onely is in use the stones being to be cast away The Election Those Tamarinds are the best that are fat and pulpy brown sharp and soft from whence they were called Oxyphaenica The Qualities They are cold and dry in the second degree as Mesues writes and that to the height as Brassavolus and as Avicen saith in the third they mitigate humours too much burnt especially choler they move the belly and purge choler therefore are profitably used in vomitings to quench thirst in madness and for those that are obstructed hydropical sick of the Jaundies and Spleen-sick they also prevent all exulcerations of the skin hapning through too much torrifying of the blood as the Scabs Leprosie Frâ—ckles and Ring-worms The Correction They hurt by their coldness a cold stomack and are of slow operation and are therefore corrected with Mace Mastick Cinnamon and Spiâ—enard and are quickened with whey of Goats milk Juice of Fumitory or Hops Manna or Cassia The Dose Is from one ounce to two and three ounces which varies according to the manner of giving them The manner of giving them They are given either in the form of a bole or potion if in the form of a bole then the masse of them is first to be washed with a pestle after driven through a hair sieve placed over steeming hot water and afterwards adding correctors to the proportion as is said in the Cassia with Sugar make a bole But for the most part Tamarinds are not given alone but to half an ounce of the pulp of Tamarinds is added one ounce of Cassia then adding Correctors as is said in Cassia make a bole the form of a potion is used either in an infusion or a decoction The infusion is made thus they are steeped in Endive water three hours afterwards make an expression and give the strained Liquor with Sugar The decoction is made thus â„ž of Tamarinds one ounce boyl in it ten ounces of VVhey or some other broth altered with Hops or Fumitory til two ounces be wasted strain them thorow a thick cloth take of the strained Liquor two five or six ounces with Sugar make a potion The Dose of the decoction and infusion is the same viz. from â„¥ ii to â„¥ v. or â„¥ vi JUYCE of ROSES Roses used in the Shops are white red damask either common or musked The Kind This is the juyce drawne forth of the damask Roses or else from the musked white ones not the common ones wherewith rose Gardens abound but either of the damask or musked Election The juyce of the musked Roses and damask Roses is to be preferred before the juyce of other pale Roses and the juyce of Roses full blowne is better then that of the buds The Qualities This juyce is hot and dry in the first degree though Roses themselves be cold in the first and dry in the second degree the reason according to Mesues is because the juyce is here separated from the earthy and cold substance It discusseth cleanseth opens purgeth choler and yellow watrish humors and moves the courses gently therefore not to be given to women with child 'T is good for the liver and heart and is used in obstructions of the liver and pantings of the heart as also in cholerick Feavers for it purgeth humours that cause these diseases it strengthens the bowels by purging them and there is no malignity in it The Dose and manner of giving it 'T is given from â„¥ i. to â„¥ ii with sugred water or according to Mesues with whey or honey giving â„¥ i. of the juyce of Roses with â„¥ ii or â„¥ iii. of whey but now with us is prepared an infusion of damask Roses and of that is made syrup of Roses solutive simple called Muchard and compound also honey of Roses solutive and out of the juyce is prepared Electuary of the juyce of Roses but this is of red Roses RUBARB The Kind 'T is called Rubarb by an Antonomasia figuratively and is a famous root of a barbarous people in the East Indies or of some Province of Barbary called the Trogloditick but very ill so esteemed For as Garcias ab horte Lib. 1. c. 37. and Linscot Par. 4. Ind. Orient Cap. 29. there is no Rubarb in India but onely in China where it growes from whence it is carried to Ormur through Tartary and thence into India and againe by the Westerne Tartars into Turkey and so to Venice from whence the other Kingdomes of Europe are stored with it This Root was unknown to Galen and Dioscorides and therefore diverse think amisse that this is the Rhapontick of Dioscorides and Galen and so confound that with our Rubarb For the Rheum of Dioscorides hath no purging quality and besides wants the markes of the true Rubarb for Rubarb is in substance compact weighty and brittle bitter in tast and sharp in smell of a
reddish brown colour without within of a yellowish red colour somewhat near the colour of the inside of a Nutmeg and when it is either steeped or chewed it gives a yellow die Rhapontick on the contrary is not solid or compact but porous not weighty but light not brittle but tough not bitter but sharp to tast neither sented nor coloured like Rubarb Neither ought the Monks Rubarb or horse dock of Dioscorides to be confounded with ours for this hath not the faculties of the genuine Rubarb The Election That Rubarb is to be chosen which comes neerest the aforesaid markes The Qualities 'T is hot and dry in the second degree as Mesues writes which cannot be understood simply and without distinction for according to the same Mesues Rubarb consists of a twofold substance one grosser and binding which is watrish and earthy another thinner which is aery and fiery and for this duplicity of substance it hath a mixt temperature and per consequence mixt faculties for by reason of its thin substance it hath a faculty of purging choler and phlegme and of opening obstructions but by reason of its grosse substance it also by purging binds If you respect the parts it is chiefely addicted as a remedy for the liver which it very much comforts from whence it is by some called the treacle of the liver as to affections it is convenient for all that rise from obstructions as Jaundise Dropsy swelling of the Spleen longlasting putrid Feavers stichy paines of the sides by reason of its thin substance but by reason of its grosse and binding substance it is good for the lientery dysentery spetting of blood and to stay bleeding wheresoever it be also for any part broken or bruised and inward bruises but it is hurtfull for them that are troubled with the sharpnesse of Urine which this increaseth because it is diureticall and soon seekes the bladder It may be given safely at any time even to them that are recovering out of diseases The Correction It s slownesse is corrected with Cinamon or Squinanth to ℈ s or ℈ i. or spikenard to gr iii. iv for ʒ i. of Rubarb but you must abstaine from this last in people that are with child and in Feavers and in those which easily vomit Some correct it with mastick but it is better first to sprinkle it with aq vitae afterwards to infuse it in convenient liquors The Dose In substance Mesues gives it from ʒ i. to ℈ iv in infusion from ʒ i. s to ʒ iii. and now a days none give it in substance beyond ʒ i. or ℈ iv In infusion we very seldome give beyond ʒ ii never beyond ʒ iii. The manner of giving it 'T is given either in substance or infusion or in a decoction In substance when the indication is to bind after it and when it should bind more forcibly it ought also to be torrified But in an infusion or a decoction when our mind is more to purge for by steeping the purgative faculty being in the thinner substance is transplanted into the liquor but the binding and earthy substance remaines The substance of it is given divers ways 1 In forme of Pils so there are divers officinall Pils that have Rubarb in them as pillulae aggregativae pill de tribus pill sine quibus pill de rhabarb of Mesues 2 In forme of a potion dissolving the powder of rubard in a fit liquor a broth whey of Goates milk some convenient distilled water as of Plantain Smallage Endive white wine adding correctors and sometimes syrrup of roses solutive as for example ℞ of the liquor ℥ ij more or lesse of Rubarb ʒ i. or ℈ iv of correcters ℈ s or ℈ i. syrrup of roses solutive ℥ i. Make a potion 3 In form of a bole by mingling the powder of it with Cassia Raisins Figges sugar of Roses c. or with the juyce of Roses or syrrup of Roses solutive so with a little Cinamon and Sugar make it into the consistence of a bole which we suffer to fermentate a little in the heat of the Sun 4 In the forme of lozenges for children ℞ of Rubarb ℈ i. and with Sugar q. s dissolved in a convenient water with which make lozenges which children will easily eat 5 In the forme of little cakes also for children kneading it up the honey boyled to a consistencie for cakes 6 In the forme of a marmelade mingling the powder of Rubarb with marmelade in the boyling of it up Or else take a Quince slit it in halves take out the coare and fill up the cavities with the powder of Rubarb Senna Carthamus or Agarick then joyn them together wrap them up in a wet paper and rost it in an oven or chimney till it be pap then loosen or open it throw away the medicine and eat the pulpe The infusion of Rubarb is also diversly given 1 and that commonly Rubarb with its correctors is infused in s q. of a convenient liquor as ℥ ii or ℥ iij. which after is strained from it and this strained liquor is taken or else in it is also dissolved syrrup of Roses solutive to ℥ i. or electuary of the juyce of roses ʒ i. ʒ i s and so make a potion 2 In the forme of Cakes for children by taking the infusion and adding fine flower or crumbs of bread with which mixed together make a past of the which are made Cakes 3 Or else after this manner for those that are more delicate ℞ of rubarb powdred q. v. infuse it in aq vitae enough to lye above it four fingers breadth in B. M. four days then pour of this coloured liquor and pour in another new one as before thus do till the liquor will be no more coloured then distill all those infusions mixed together till the extract remain in the bottome as thick as hony and to every ℈ i. will suffice ℥ of the juyce or extract that remains adde ℈ ij of the oyle of Cinamon For infants and women with child it is a precious and harmlesse medicine the Dose is ℈ i. with a spoonfull of wine The Decoction of Rubarb is made by boyling Rubarb out of hand with its correcters in s q. of some fit liquor afterwards pressing it out with strained liquor is taken or else over c. above may be dissolved in it syrrup of Roses or electuary of the juyce of Roses as aforesaid A LOES The Kind Aloes is a thickned juyce of a certaine Plant which Dioscorides describes lib. 3. cap. 21. which in the shape of its leaves resembles the greater Housleek and because of its long lasting green it is by divers cal'd sempervivum marinum i.e. sea liveever but commonly sea sengreen there are two kinds of it one Aloes Caballina or horse Aloes so called because it is used by Farriers to purge horses asses and mules the other is Aloes Hepatica or liver-coloured Aloes because it is condensed and coloured like a liver the best fort of which is
cold Cephalicks or Head Medicines To which add Among the Seeds Barly among the Species Diarrhodon Abbatis Diatrion santalon and among the external things Mucilage of Fleawort Vine leaves Vinegar Rose water chalibeated water and natural Iron Baths An APPENDIX of Remedies for BVRNINGS REmedies for Burnings according to Fernelius l. 6. M. M. cap. 20. are three fold Some ease the inflammation and draw forth the fire Others hinder the rising of Pustles and ease the pain Others mitigate the ulcerated and painfull parts and by moderately drying heal the sore Of the first sort are 1. All things that are cold in the first degree which extinguish the inflammation as are those Juices and Liquors Water Vinegar Water with Vinegar white of an Egg juice of Housleek Lettuce Nightshade Endive Plantain Purslane Distilled Waters of the aforesaid Herbs Earths Any that is next hand but chiefly the Cimolian Bole armoniack dissolved in any convenient juice water or oxycrat i. e. water with vinegar and anointed on the place Minerals Ceruse Allum dissolved in water or with the white of an Egg Dioscoride used to anoint the place with writing Ink dissolved in water Gums Camphier 2. Some certain hot things that call out the fire as Leaves of Cookoopits Leeks rubbed on the place Elder and Danewort applied in the same manner Roots Onions bruised with Salt and laid on the Burn the Root of Kingspear boiled in Oyl and the juice anointed helps both Chilblains and Burnings Of the second sort are these Remedies following Leaves Of Privet Sage Mirtles made into a Searcloth or Salve with Hogs fat and applied also the same green stamped up with Hogs grease and onely laid on the leaves of Mallows and horned Poppy used the same way Glue mollified in warm water Dioscord The Leaves of mircles burnt and the ashes mixed with the white of an Egg. Salt Peeter with oyl of Roses or oyl of Eggs. Waters Of mullen Plantain Nightshade Roses adding sometimes red Saunders and a little Camphier The juice of Fennel and white Wine with cold water poured on the part that is burnt Of the third sort are these Oyntment of Lime washed which is compounded of Lime washed and oyl of Roses or Butter adding other things as you please as Ceruse Camphier mucilages Oyl of St Johns wort with washed Lime is effectual in any Burn though of Gun-powder Vnguentum album of Rhasis or of Ceruse See more in Fernelius in the aforesaid place I have only added these as a finishing Complement to fill up the empty pages ¶ Note that without this methodical proceeding I will undertake a Burn or Scald may be healed onely with the Oyntment of Stramonium or Thorn-apple described in Gerard's Herbal in the Chapter of Stramonium make two sorts of that Oyntment one onely of the Leaves and Apples bruised boiled up with Hogs grease and another by adding a little Turpentine and Wax as he there shews When the Burn or Scald is now made apply the first for two dayes till the fire and inflammation be fetched out then apply the other twice a day till it be whole and if you see it fit to skin the sore take Vnguentum rubeum Desiccativum or de Cerussa and heal it up With these any curable Burn will be healed speedily and safely Gerard healed one burned with Lightning See his own words in the aforesaid place GOD be Praised The Treatise or Tract of prescribing the forms of Remedies contains two Books one of Internal Medicines Liquid Apozemes Juleps Potions Syrups Vomitories Medicinal Wines Emulsions Almond Cream Barley Cream Milk and Whey Mead. Sugred water and 〈◊〉 Diet Drinks Cock broth Distilled Restoratives Broths Soft Boles Opiates Lohochs Preserves Solid Paste royal or Morsels Pandalcon Marchpane and Pineolate Tablets Pills Troschischs Powders another of Externall Medicines Common to many parts Epithemes Lotions Fomentations Half Baths Baths Stoves Embrochations Liniments Unguents Oyntments Searcloaths Plaisters Spanadrape Cataplasm Rubifiers Deopax Vesicatory Sacculets Proper to certain parts Frontals Oxit redinum Caps quilted Collyriums Gargarisms Apophlegmatisms Dentifrices Snifting Medicines Suffumigations Perfumes Scutes Pessary Nascale Supposâ—tory Clister The Matter of PHYSICK is either Universall respecting The Morbificall cause offending in Qualityes manifest As in the first Alterers Second as if in Grosnesse Attenuaters Cutters Thinness Thickners Hardnes Mollifiers Dissolvers of clotted things Clamminesse Cleansers Sharpnesse Mitigaters Occult are Alexipharmacals or Resisters of Poyson Quantity are either Preparers of the Humors as Digestives of the Body as Openers Universal Evacuaters as Purgers Vomitories Diureticks Diaphoreticks Motion and are in respect of the matter flowing Thickners part receiving Repellers and Emplaisticks wayes by which it flowes Intercepters Binders Rest which is to be evacuated either insensibly by Discussers Consumers Attracters by quality manifest occult as extracters Watrishnes by Blisterers matter by Ripeners Breakers of Imposthumes The chief heads of Discases which are either similar as Distemper which if simple 't is cur'd by alterers material by emptiers and alterers Organical which are either in the Streightness of the in sensible passages which requires Rarefiers but in the insensible requires Openers Too much dilation of the Pores insensible requires Condensers or Thickners sensible requires Binders Over-growing of the parts as Stopping of the Cavities by excrescence of flesh and are cured by Cathereticks Exuberancy of the parts either in greatnesse or number and are cured by Chyrurgery Continuity dissolved and is either simple and requires Agglutinaters and vulnerary things Or Continuity dissolved and is either with losse of the substance of the part and requires Sarcoticks and Epuloticks Symptomes that are most common and most urgent as Pain to which we use Anodynes if not great Narcoticks if violent Over-watching to which Hypnoticks or sleepy Medicines Bleeding to which stoppers of Blood Swouning to which Restorers of the spirits or particular respecting Medicines dedicated to Head which are either Brain To strengthen it as Cephalicks Purge it as Errhines Sneezing Powders Apophlegmatisms Eyes as Opthalmicks which are either Sharpners of Sight Anodynes Repellers Digesters Cleansers Ears as Oticks or Ear Medicines Teeth as Odonticks or Medicines for any affection of the Teeth Brest either for the Heart as Cordials Lungs as Expectoraters Alterers of the Lungs Dugs as encreasers of Milk dryers up of Milk Belly either to the Stomack as Stomachical things Intrals or Guts as Discussers of Wind. Killers of Worms Liver as Hepatical Medicines Spleen as Spleneticall Kidneys as Nephritical Medicines which are either Lenifiers Cleansers or Breakers of the Stone Bladder as Cystical Medicines Stones as encreasers of Seed diminishers of Seed Womb as Hysterical Medicines which are either Strengthners Purgers as movers of the Courses stayers of the Courses Limbs and Joints as Arthritical Medicines internal Hot as the Cephalicks Cold as the Cephalicks external in the beginning as mitigaters of heat and pain end of the Gout dissipaters of the relicts of the Humors imparted in the parts Place this Table at the end of