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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A41151	Gulielm, Fabricius Hildamus, his experiments in chyrurgerie concerning combustions or burnings made with gun powder, iron shot, hot-water, lightning, or any other fiery matter whatsoever : in which is excellently described the differences, signs, prognostication and cures, of all accidents and burning themselves : very necessary and useful for all gentlemen, and soldiers as well of the trayned bands, as others, especially upon sudden occasions / translated out of Latine by Iohn Steer, Chyrurgeon.; De combustionibus. English	Fabricius Hildanus, Wilhelm, 1560-1634.; Steer, John, Chyrurgeon.	1642 (1642)	Wing F72; ESTC R22891	26,833	64

they are of temperature hot and moist therefore proceed after this manner First of all let the blisters be all cut with cizors whereby the hot and sharpe water may flow foith and wheresoever the upper skin is separated let it be peeled off lest matter should gather together under it and because humours and blood doe presently flow to the affected place it is needfull to prevent them with defensives therefore apply one of the following defensives about the breadth of the palme of ones hand upon the burnt place ℞ Pul. boli armeni Sanguis draco Gallar Croci martis Accatiae ana. ℥ ss. Olei Rosar ℥ iij Cerae novae ℥ i. ss. Make an Ointment according to Art adding a little Vinegar or else ℞ Farina hordei Argillae fornac ana ℥ ij Let them bee boiled with Vinegar and water to the forme of a Cataplisme and in the end mixe therewith the whites of two Egges This defensive is to he reiterated two or three times every day lest it should dry upon the affected place and should cause paine But to the places round about apply this following Ointment ℞ Vngunt Basilicon ℥ 1. Ol. Rosar hillior albor ana ℥ ss. Vitel. ovor nam ij misce This following Ointment doth also very much profit for Combustions it easeth paine softneth the skin and resolveth the Humours flowing to the part ℞ Butyri Sine sale Pinguedinis gallinae necent Ana ℥ j. Caerae novae Ol. Lilior albor ana ℥ ss Let them be dissolved together and afterwards adde unto them Croci ℈ j. Muselag Sem Cydon ℥ j. Let them be mixed in a morter and make an ointment If the paine be so vehement that the sicke can very little take his rest then mixe with the said foresaid ointment Opii dissoluti ℈ ss or else ℞ Butiri recent ℥ ii Ol Amigdalar dulc. de vitellis ovor. ana ℥ Croci ●pii ana ℈ ss Caphorae ℈ i. Muselag sem. cidon ℥ i. misce make an Ointment and apply it The Defensive being applyed and one of the foresaid Ointments the affected part is to be rowled in rowlers madified in water and Vinegar and if the offended part be the arme or the leg beg in at the infirme part for by this meanes the humours are repressed which are prepared to flow unto the hurt part but if the Combustion be any part that may not be rowled apply linnen clothes madified in water and vinegar 3. or 4 times a day or also water wherein Colworts have bin infused which should be of vinegar water and salt in which linnen clothes he wet and applyed it doth mightily represse the Humours easeth paine and is an enemy to corrupt Humours notwithstanding in the Face such kinde of Medicines are not be applyed be reason of the eyes the skin being softned and sufficiently rubified divers doe apply drying Medicines as Vngunt ex calce tota Diap●mpholigos Album Rasis and the like but because such drying Medicines doe contract the skinne and cause filthy skarres I doe not allow of the use of them therfore I use emolent Medicines to the end of the Also I prepare an Ointment for all Combustions whatsoever after this manner ℞ Butiri recent tot in aqua Rosar ℥ iij Ol. violatii de vitel ovor. Amigdalar dulc. ana ℥ ss. Farinae hordii ℥ i. ss. Croci ℈ j. Musilag Sem. Cydon ℥ i. Cerae q. S. Make an Ointment in a morter This Ointment mollifieth easeth paine and by little and little induceth a Cicatrice but because Combustions especially those which are in the upper part of the skin flame with vehement sence the Chirurgions ought to have a great care that they do gentle clense them I lest I should cause paine by clensing of Vlcers doe cover the burnt part about with fine linnen cloth as with Cambricke or Lawne and I remove it not untill the Vlcer be whole by this cloth the matter may easily flow forth and the vertue of the Medicines may come unto the Vlcer now whilst that the Vlcer is a curing dyet purgation of humours and Phlebotomy is not to be neglected let the Patient abstaine from all things that are vehement falt hot and sharpe and those things which are hard of disgestion let him use pottage made of flesh new killed in the which Sorrill Endine Lettice and Borage hath been boyled let his drinke be phtisan or Ale not very strong if the body bee full open the Basilica or Mediana veyne and take out as much blood as strength will suffer if it bee needfull for him to purge let him purge according to the nature of the humour predominating concerning which it were good to have the opinion of a Learned Physitian if the Combustion bee in the face it were good to apply Cupping Glasses to the shoulders that the blood and humours may be drawne backe CHAP. VIII The Cure of the third and last degree of Combustions THis third and last Degree of Combustions is very dangerous for that very often it ingendreth Gangrena and Sphacetus For first by reason of the vehement heat the Radicall moisture and naturall heat is dryed up Secondly the skin Musculous Flesh Veynes Arteries c. be dried and drawne together so that the blood cannot flow to the offended part Thirdly the Humours and blood by reason of the Solution of Continuitie and paine doe gather together and increase the burning heat hereby by reason of want of nourishment and choaking of the naturall heat the affected part mortifieth as is declared in our Tract of Gangrena and Sphasetus In the yeare of our Lord 1592. there lighted into my hands a very honest Matron in Hilden who being weary by reason of her domesticall businesse and sitting by the fire alone of a sudden fell into a swound downe to the hearth and her right legge lay on the burning coales whereby the calfe of her legge was so burnt that a little after by reason her body was foule she was taken with Gangrena and Sphaselus wherefore the Escarre being separated and Medicines applyed which pertaine to Gangrena she recovered her health First of all therefore the blisters are to be cut and the water that floweth by reason of the Combustion to be dryed with a clout or sponge then the Escarre is to be separated or at the least to be cut away almost as close as the flesh whereby the humour which is retained under the hard crust may flow forth the Medicines may enter and whatsoever is inducerated and hardned by reason of the heat may softned the Escarre ought to be separated the first or second day before the part be inflamed and in the beginning this following Ointment is to be applyed ℞ Butirs rec et tot in aquaros ℥ iii Vngunt Basilioon ℥ i. ss Ol. Lilior albor Amigda dulc. ana ℥ ss Vitel. unius ovi misce et appli. Afterwards doubled clothes wet in this following Emulsion is to be applyed hot for it easeth paine

emolent Medicines as wee have before instructed Now as appertaining to the cure first of all let the hardnesse of the skin be softned and made supole with the far of Beares Hens Capons Oyle of Lillies and of the yeolke of Egges or else with this following Oyntment â„ž Pinguid galine Vrsi Piscis Thymali Liliorum De vitellis ovorum ana Ê’ij Ol. Myrrhe Ê’i Succi lumbricor â„¥ ss. misce Make an Oyntment with the which anoint the scar every day three or foure times Then apply thereon a thin plate of Lead rubbed over with Quick-silver but before the affected part be anointed with the fore said Ointment let it be washed with water in the which Bran and a little Myrrhe hath bin boyled but if the scarres be so much elevated that they require greater mollifying foment the place with this following Decoction â„ž Radicum althe cum toto Ralic brione Lilior Albor ana â„¥ i. Flor. Chammomille Mel. loti ana. M. i. Sem. Foenogr. lini ana â„¥ ss. Let them be boiled in water or else in the Decoction of the head and feet of a Weather and apply it with sponges or clothes dipped therein after the fomentation anoint with this following Oyntment and apply thereon a Cerot of Oesope or a plaister of Frogs with Mercury and reiterate it every day untill the cicatrix be sufficiently mollified that it may be pressed downe with the plate of Lead And as often as the Chirurgion shall anoint the scar let him endeavour to stretch the skin that is contracted with both his hands as the Glovers doe their skin Then let the wound which was before contracted be dilated which may be fitly done with linnen clothes spread over with glue as is expressed by this following figure A The wound of the scar being cut BBBB these are foure linnen clothes spread over with glew two whereof shall be placed to both sides of the wound so that there remaine some space betweene them as appeareth by the Figure CCCCCC these are sixe strings to be tyed in knots which may be more or lesse according to the magnitude of the wound furthermore as soone as the glew is dry so that the Linnen clouts doe sticke fast which will be within the space of foure or five houres then let the string be tyed fast together and so the skin which is between the clouts will be drawne and forced together and the wound will be dilated In the meane time hasten to cure and cicatrice the wound as fast as you may and remove not your clouts untill the wound be cured let your Glew be made of astringent and clammy things and of healing Plaisters as â„ž Farine volitatis â„¥ i. Masticis Rosar rub Sanguinis dracon ana Ê’ii Make thereof a fine powder and mixe it with the whites of Eggs and Gum Tragacanth to the thicknesse of Honey CHAP. XV Of the retracted Nerves and crooked Juncturs after Combustions IN great Combustions of the Joynts the sinewes are divers times retracted and drawn together and the junctures are made crooked and especially if the Chirurgion was not very diligent in the beginning and applyed not the splints and other instruments concerning which we have written in our 11. Chapter wherefore we must institute a new cure but first let the body be purged according to the nature of the humour predominating for which these things following are very convenient Pil. de hirmodact Pil. Agrag also Elect. Indiur et benedict taxatina If the body be full of humours open a veyne and draw blood acording to the magnitude of the strength concerning which take the counsell of a Physitian The body being purged and prepared as we have even now shewed the affected part is to be mollified and supplyed with this following Decoction â„ž Radicum Altheae cum toto Radic. Briconiae Lillior albor Malvarum ana â„¥ ii Fol violarum Flor. Chamomillae Meliloti Hyperici Cham. ana. M. i. Sem. Eoenogr Sem. Lini ana â„¥ i. Boyle them in the Broth of the head and feet of a Weather for a Fomentation then anoint the whole Member with this following Ointment â„ž Vnguent de Althea Auxungie humane Gallinasum Anseris Vrsi ana â„¥ ss. Succi lumbricor â„¥ ss i. Aque vitae â„¥ ss. Afterwards apply a Plaister of Musilage Hysope or Melilot spread upon a clout the sinewes ligaments and junctures being well molified we must use extention which may be fitly done without pain with fit Instruments if the disease be in the knee or Elbow then those Instruments are very convenient which are drawn by Gualtherus Reyff in his Chirurgery Or else this following Instrument of our invention which you may prepare with a little trouble and it may serve as well to the Elbow as the Knee AA notifieth a little Casket made of wood as well in the first figure as in the second BB is an Iron plate made in the fashion of a Ring being of such breadth that it will compasse the whole knee but that in the first-figure is open and the other is shut and compasseth the knee but that it may the better be fitted it is necessary that part which belongeth to the rowndell of the knee be made hollow CC. Sheweth a skrew by whose benefit the Ring is drawne downwards or when need requires is lifted upwards DDD As well in the first as in the second Figure in one part it noteth a haspe and in the other part it sheweth holes by whose benefit the ring is made straight or slake according as need requireth E. Noteth henges in the first Figure with the which the ring is opened and shut therefore the ring being opened and the legge being placed in the Casket ye shall fit the ring about the knee and defend it with pleagets and linnen clothes then haspe it close with those haspes and holes which are noted with DDD Furthermore it hath two Buckels noted thus FFFF and two thongs signified with GGGG by whose benefit the legge is bound into the Casket therfore the skiew being turned from the right hand towards the left the ring and the knee are drawed towards the Casket and the legge may be extended as much as the Chirurgion shall see fitting Furthermore that the skrew may easily turne about in the ring it is necessary that it have a knobe which is noted with H. 1. Is an iron plate which is annexed to the Casket between the two Buckels that thereby the skrew may the more easily be turned about But if the Combustion be in the Fingers an industrious and witty Chirurgion may invent Fit instruments for the purpose I have restored all the Fingers except the Thumbe of the right hand which by a Combustion were drawne and conglutinated to the back of the hand which kind of cure although we have already touched in our observations yet lest any thing should be here desired which may fit to this purpose I will here againe annex it Reader doe thou favourably judge of

violence of the fire be contracted or stopped and it stayeth Atrophia CHAP. IX Of the Combustions of the Eyes BY how much the more noble one part of our Body is more then the other so much the more care is to be taken thereof when it is ill affected therfore because the Eye of all members is the most Noblest and very sencible it doth require a certaine particular cure First of all therefore the Chirurgion shall endeavour himselfe in this whole worke that he easeth paine and stayeth the flux of Humours wherefore presently from the beginning let him apply defensives to the temples and our all the pustels or blisters that the sharpe and hot water may flow forth but drop into the eyes now and then womans milke mixed with Rose water luke warme in which let a little Saffron be macerated Also doubled clothes madified in this Milke should be applyed and let it be reiterated as often as it is dry Or else ℞ Aqua Rosac ℥ iij Sem. Cydonior Foenogr. ana ℥ ss Croci Integri ℈ ss. misce Let them remaine in infutione the space of 4. houres then let them be strained to this Musilage mixe a little womans Milke and then let it be dropped warme into the eyes and let them be applyed thereto with doubled clothes warme it there be any great paine then adde thereto a grain or two of Opium dissolved in Rose water also Pigeons blood being dropped warme into the eyes easeth paine then apply this following Cataplasma ℞ Pulpa malor dulc. suh prunis decoct. ℥ ss. Farine Foenogr. et Hordei ana ℥ ss. Boyle them in Milke to the forme of a Powltice and in the end mix thereto Croci ℈ ss. vitellum unius ovi with a little Oyle of Roses and let it be applyed hot but round about the eyes if the burn be but light some Ointment of sope may be applyed which must be of a reasonable hard body lest it offendeth the eyes This processe is not to be changed unlesse the Parient be quite free from inflammation and pain after that apply this following Colerium for the better exiccation and corroboration of the sight ℞ Aquar. Euphrasia Foeniculi Rosarum ana ℥ i. Tutie Preparat Sief Sive opio ana ℥ i. Misce fiat Colerium Now know gentle Reader that a Colery into the which womans Milke entreth is in the Summer every day to be changed but in the Winter every other day for the Milke quickly turneth and waxeth sowre and then it easeth not paine but dryeth for this cause those sharp things which we have prescribed in other burnings as Lye brine c. are not be applyed to burnes in the face Stupifactive Medicines are to be resisted as much as possible may be except great paine be present for they by reason of their great coldnesse do thicken the Humours and visible spirits of the eyes but if the skin shall be hardned to the eyes it may bee softned and made supple with the foresaid Ointments but great care is to be had that the Ointment or fat enter not into the eyes for that stireth paine In the meane time whilst the skin is mollified with the aforesaid Ointments and Oyles let the Colery be dropped in and the Cataplasme be applyed as we have already spoken of Generally let the Patient use a sparing dyet let him abstaine from all hot things salt things Ginger Pepper Cloves Garlicke Onyons Radishes and the like And also from all things that are hard of Digestion also Wine and strong Ale doth much hurt let his drinke be phtisan in the which Coriander seeds prepared and Anniseeds have bin boyled If the Patient by reason of his age can not abstaine from Wine let him drink white win that is not very strong In his pottage let those herbes bee boyled which doe coole and that doe purge Choller as are these Sorrill Borage Cicory Chernill the Roots of Parsely Fennel Mariory Rosemary and Eye-bright Let the patient take a little Syrup Cydonior Symplex or old Conserve of Roses that the elevation of vapors unto the head may be hindered if he be very thursty let him use his decoction of Parley in the which dissolve the Sirrup of the Juice of Sorrell Limons or Pomgranuts also Confections of cherries Barberies and such like are convenient Furthermore before I make an end of this Chapter for the benefit and further experience of the Reader I will declare an excellent Example of Combustions There was a Maiden childe of the age of two yeares or thereabouts which was the daughter of Mr. Samuel Gaillard a most vigilant Schoole-master of Neocoments and my most Reverend Godfather whom by chance sitting by the fire fell among the burning coales whereby not onely her forehead about the eyes but almost all her whole face especially in one place was grievously burnt I being called iust at the instant I applyed this following ointment upon the whole face in the form of a Plaister ℞ Saponis veneti ℥ i. Ol. de vitel ovor. et Amigdal dulc. ana ℥ ii Gumi elemi dissolut Cum Oleis ʒi misce Make an Ointment adding a little of the Musilage of Cydon seeds But alwayes into the Eyes drop a little of the Colerium made of womans Milke and Rose water and apply it also with fine linnen clothes the first I renued the Plaister every foure houres hereby the greatest part of currupt humours were culled forth and the second day I prescribed him pottage made of new killed Flesh in the which was boyled the powder of the Root of Mechoacan ℈ i. and to the affected place I applyed this Oyntment following ℞ Ol. de vitellis ovorum Ol. Amigdalar dulc Pinguid vrsi Pinguedinis humana ana ℥ ss. Gum Elami dissolut cum oleis ℥ ii Caerae novae ℥ i. Croci ℈ i. misce Make an Ointment with the which I almost finished the Cure except that in the end of the Cure I mixed with the foresaid Ointment a little of the Flower of Lentils and I anointed the whole burnt part with this following Emolent Oyntment ℞ Gum Elemmi ℥ ss. Ol. de vital ovor Lilior albor ana ℥ ss. Pinguid humanae ʒii misce In the meane time whilst that the skin is mollifying I use to extend it with both my hands like as the Felmongers doe there skins when they can them up and thus by Gods favour she was cured and there was no signe of a Combustion left except it were one little one in her upper lippe in the which place by reason of the Childs unpatience I could not make the Medicine stay CHAP. X. Of Combustions of the Groynes THe Groynes because they are rare laxe humid members and apt to fluxe of humours whereby they doe easily putrifie They doe also require a particular care and method of curing First of all therefore because by reason of the vicinity of the Emunctiories humours doe quickly flow unto them Defensives are to be applyed to

description and distribution of Combustions the Method of curing easily appeareth which wee God willing will declare in three Chapters like as wee have distributed Combustions in three Species or Particuculars CHAP. III. The Signes by the which those three Degrees of Combustions may be knowne and distinguished SEeing that wee have divided Combustions into three degrees or species and further have prescribed a proper remedy unto every particular it is necessary to declare how they are distinguished by signes and notes Therefore the signes of the first particular or small Combustion are these rednesse of the skin a sharpe and pricking pain like as though the skin were rubbed with Nettle-sced by and by except there be fit remedies applyed the place is inflamed and pustles doe arise in the which is contained cleere and white water as also the upper skin is separated A light combustion is knowne by the Circumstances to wit that the firy substance was gentle as Straw Flaxe Hempe and the like or that did fall off as hot water or that the part touched it but a little moment of time on the contrary in the other species the firy substance did touch the part a longer time or it retained some greater heat in it as hot iron or any liquid mettle hard wood Pitch Oyle Wax and the like From hence it commeth that the place doth presently inflame waxeth red painfull and burneth and in the very same moment pustels are elevated in which are contained thin water and waxeth yellow and is sore by reason of the stretching of the skin which is stretched and drawne together by the stanch of the fire Now in the last Species even in the same moment when the firy substance doth sticke to the body there are pustels elevated but presently they fall again and chiefly in same place where the Combustion is great and vehement and the under skinne seemeth blacke and wanne and hardly feeleth though it bee pricked with a Lancet for there is a hard and dry crust which when it falleth off there remaineth a deep and profound Vlcer from the nature of the firy matter and the space how long it hath stucke unto the body a great Combustion may be knowne Furthermore Combustions doth speedily require a Surgeon and let him inquire to what Species it is to be referred To wit whether it be light indifferent or great if it be light let it be holpen with the remedies declared in the 6. Chap. least pustels bee raised if indifferent then tune unto the 7. Chap. but if it be vehement and great poceed as we have declared in the 8. Chapter CHAP. IV. The Signe or Prognostication of Combustions A Light Combustion where the the skin is only hurt although it be something painfull yet it may easily and in a short time be cured and there will scarce any scarre be perceived if the cure be rightly instituted and according to Art But contrary a great Combustion is hard to be healed which also leaveth behinde it a filthy and withered scarre by reason of the perdition and contraction of the skin if pustils do not appeare in the beginning The many humours do concurre together unto the offended part which do putrifie and get a kind of a sharpe and knawing quality so that they doe deeply crode the skin and flesh and do cause a rotten ulcer and naughty Scar Therefore the pustels are presently to be cut that the sharp and hot water may flow forth In wholsome and well-tempered bodies Combustions is healed with a little labour Contrary in foule and plethorique bodies it is hardly cured and doth easily grow to a putred ulcer For paine doth continually draw unto it Humours and blood from the Body hereby the part affected waxeth hot and it flamed and divers and naughty Symtomes doe follow Combustions of the head and face do leave behind them smooth scarres for the skin is so dryed and contracted with the fire and the pores so shut that the haire will never after come forth nor grow Combustions of the Eyes and the Eye-browes and of the members Adnata and Cornea although they be light yet are they dangerous and there may easily follow a deprivation of sight or at the least a great imbicility and the eye-lids may bee turned inwards Also Combustions of the Groyne are very dangerous and hard to be cured for these Members neere unto the privie parts are moist weake and easily hurt by flux of humours Combustions of the Belly is alwayes dangerous and hard to be cured for the muscels of Abdomen are in perpetuall motion by reason of inspiration expiration and extention which is mad with meat and drinke excretion of excrement laughing crying as I have observed in my Country of Hildane in a certaine Childe of three yeares old for hee being affected with a dangerous burne in the belly procured us much businesse the space of eight months But if an intestine or gut in any part be burnt it is mortall as also the burning of Lightning is mortall as it is declared in its proper place Combustion of the great vessels of the Arteries and Veynes are dangerous chiefly if it be deepe for the heat contracteth and shutteth those vessels whereby the spirits and blood cannot flow to give life and nourishment and then followeth Gangrena and Atrophia as wee have shewed in our Tract De Gangrena Sphacelo Burning also of the Nerves and Articuls doe easily draw together the junctures Therefore it is needfull that the Surgeon doe use great diligence in these kinde of Burnings and that he study presently from the beginning to soften the hardnesse and roughnesse of the skin with fit medicines and to draw away and disperse the violent heat of the fire CHAP. V. Of a two-fold Method of curing Combustions ALthough there be an infinite number of Medicines in use both among Practitioners and the vulger sort of people for burnings whether they be Plaisters or Ointments juices or distilled water neverthelesse that all doe tend to the same end to wit that they doe either choke resolve or dissipate the corrupt matter or heat which is left in the part now the suffocating or choking of corrupt matter is done either with cold and moist mndicines as with the juices and waters of Houslike Lettice Henbane Nightshad and the like or else with cold and dry things such as are bale armeni Terra sigillat Ceruse Potters Clay and such like plaisters which doe shut the pores so that the outward heat which is left by the fire may be choaked and quenched like unto fire which is shut into a close place The other way of quenching hot humours consisteth in this that the outward heate and sharpe humours be resolved and scattered even as we see coles to be quenched if they bee scattered hither and thither which is done by hot Medicines as we will shew in the next Chapter it shall not bee needfull to enquire what Method is to be used They which doe

follow the first Method doe think themselvs to be sufficiently authorized with this generall rule of Hipocrates Contrary Medicines are made of contrary things For seeing Combustions is a hot accident wee ought to cure it with his contrary which is with cold things which may extinguish the hot burning humours left by the fire I do confesse those sentences of Physitians to be very true but in my opinion refrigeration in Camb. ought to be done by abating for it is fitly rejected from the first Method of curing seeing there do many times arise divers Symtomes as hereafter we will shew for it doth not suffice only to prevent corrupt humours but chiefly many other accidents as griefe retraction and roughnesse of the skin and inviron of the pores which doe all require hot remedies But that these things bee well understood let us looke unto the properties of heat the which Hipocrates doth thus describe heate is biting in Vlcers hardneth the skin causeth intollerable paine it ingendreth vehement feares Convulsions and distentions And Galen saith that the substance proper to draw together and thicken is alwayes proper to cold which is knowne to be in oyle fat and other things which by their coldnesse doe thicken and harden in which it is shewn that cold things are plainly adversaries to Combustions and do cause divers and naughty accidents for the skin being contracted and hardned by the fire by the much use of cold Medicines is hardned and paine is increased hereby humours do gather together which are not onely retained under the hard skin but by the use of cold Medicines is forced downwards and there they doe more heat hereby commeth inflammation impostimation and divers times Gangrene for the humour included because it wanteth breathing it presently putrifieth as Galen witnesseth or because the heat which chanced whilst it is included in the affected part hath dryed up the radicall moisture in which the naturall heat consisteth as we have shewed in our Tract of Gangrena For this cause Hipocrates admonisheth that it is not good to turn Erisipilas from the outward parts unto the inward and there oftentimes doth follow if great burnings be dressed with cold Medicines Herpes or knawing wilde-fire for the Humour being included under the Skinne doth breed a certaine sharpenesse and malignity Anno 1594. there came unto mee a certaine young man from Colin whom Hirpes or wild fire had invaded his whole legge from the foot unto the thigh by reason of a simple Combustion By what method and with what Medicines wee cured the same the Reader may understand by my observations Chirurgicall Therefore when I did consider that as coales when they are carefully covered under the ashes doe retaine their heat a long time so corrupt humours which in Combustions doe flow to the affected place are by the use of cold medicines retained I have therefore more rather chosen to my selfe another Method which hitherto I have used with great benefit to the Patient For even as coals doe quickly squench if they are scattered about so hot Medicines doe quickly coole yet by evacution by discussing and extracting corrupt humours as Galen witnesseth For as heat as Hipocrates witnesseth foftneth the skin extenuateth easeth paine mittigateth Convulsions and bringeth Vlcers to supperation So such kind of Medicines are applyed to those parts which are molested with blood but they must be those which doe moderately heat to make thin the humours and to dilate the passages and pores The same Galen also writeth for cold But that there might be a right and Methodicall curation of Combustions instituted all effects and accidents of burnings are to be diligently examined and looked unto so that remedies may be changed and applyed and according to their natures but first of all because paine followeth by reason of the solution of continuity and sudden mutation which violently draweth humours and blood from the body It is necessary to use repellent Medicines to wit defensives and clouts wet in Vinegar and water lest such like humours and blood do follow to the offended place Then let there be used and observed dyet purgations blood-letting cupping and other revultions that the humours and blood may be drawne and evacuated to the other part as appertaining to Topicks in the first species of Combustions if pustels be not risen let the corrupt and sharpe humours be drawn forth with an Ointment made of Onions and the like but if the skin be drawne together and hardned wee ought to use all dilligence that it be softned and made red which ought to be done with Medicines which are hot and moist as the Chapters following we will declare at length CHAP. VI The Curations of the first degree of Combustions THe first and chiefe worke which is required in Combustions is that the Chirugion doe prevent the rising of pustels for if he can do that the Patient need not feare any further molestion Therefore if any one be burnt with fire water hot Oyle or any such like thing If the Combustion be light presently let the place be madified with water or spettle and then held to fire as long as may be suffered or let the burnt place be dipped in hot water or if that will not be conveniently done let a sponge or clout be wrung out in hot water and applyed to the place for that outward heat doth draw unto it Empyruma that is heat left by the fire in the burned part as Aristotle and experience teacheth for as a Scorpion being applyed to the bite of a Scorpion doth draw to it his proper poyson so doth heat draw heat hereby Onions being mixed in a morter with a little Salt and applyed to the burnt place doth draw forth the corrupt humours and suffereth not the pustels to arise it may be spread on little pleggets and applyed untill the whole burnt place bee covered Also this following Oyntment doth violently draw forth corrupt humours and will not suffer the pustels to arise â„ž Caepae Crudae â„¥ 1. ss. Salis Saponis ulbi veneti ana â„¥ ss. Let them be mixed in a Morter and make an Oyntment with Oyle of Roses and sweet Almons Anno 1604. as my beloved wife was boyling of New Wine in a great skellet and stirring it with a spatter she unadvisedly thrust her hand unto the wrist into the boyling wine when it was boyled even unto the very height and thicknesse whereby there presently arose a vehement paine not onely in the hand but also in the whole arme the wine being washed away with hot water wee applyed the Oyntment lately prescribed which as then was most fittest unto my hand I anointed the whole arme with Oile of Roses and rowled about Rowlers dipped in water and Vinegar and did oftentimes renew them all Thus by Gods favour of so great a Combustion there followed no ulceration of the skin but onely two pustels the one in her thumbe the other by her middle finger which with a little trouble vvith

mollifieth and stayeth flux of humours ℞ Medullae sem. Cucurb ℥ ii Sem. Cidon Foenogr ana ʒi Let them be mixed in a morter and strained out with lb vj of pure water and make an Emultion in the which dissolve Saponis veneti albi ℥ ss Caphurae ℈ j. But if the Combustion be in the Face the Sope is not to be nsed by reason of the eyes but in the place adde the waters of Roses and Plantaine Defensives also in the beginning are to be applyed and Rowlers wet in water and vinegar that the violent flux of humours may be stayed But if the affected part be inflamed and chiefely if the Veynes Arteries are contracted by the fire then Defensives are not so well approved of except they have some power to resolve viz. such as are these Beane Flower Flower of Lupins of wheat and the powder of Camomile Flower c. mix them let the Patient and let the body be purged with fit purges according to the nature of the humour predominating also open a Veyne and apply Cupping glasses concerning which take the counsell of a Physitian When the Flowing of Humours and blood is stayed then Defensives are left off whereby the spirits and nutriment may the better passe to the affected part and to divide and separate the Escarre Wherefore the learned Chirurgion which is the Hand-maid of Nature ought every day as much as possibly he can without paine to seperate some of the Escarre and afterward let him apply the forewritten Ointment of Sweet Butter thereto Also this following fomentation hath no little power to ease paine mollifie the skin and helpe digestion ℞ Radicum altheae ℥ ii Sem. Cidonior Foenograeci ana. ℥ ss. Flor. Chamon Meliloti ana. M. 7. Let them be boyled in water or if there be vehement paine in Milke then wet a Sponge therein and apply it hot and afterwards mix a little Oyle of white Lillies but if the burne shall be so great then it groweth to Gangrena or Sphacetus then proceed according to the cure of Gangrena But because these kinds of Combustions of the which we have spoken doe oftentimes grow to a Gangrene therefore they ought to be carefully and judiciously handled and alwayes something ought to be applyed which may resist corruption In Children divers times doe happen Combustions of the hands and feet in the which the extremities of the fingers and toes are cleane burnt off In these great diligence is to bee used that that which is so burnt may be quickly separated lest the corruption doe invade the sound parts therefore if the flesh and the bone be so burnt that the joynt may be saved the bone in the same joynt is to be separated with a Raizor not with cizors as some would have it if the Joint it selfe shall be also affected let the skin behind the joynt be taken away with a Raizor but the bone with a little Saw but why this abscision ought not to be done with Inscision knives wee have shewed in a Tract De Gangrena in the which also is shewed the manner of cutting off of fingers As soone as ever the Escarre is separated it is good first to mundifie the Vlcer wherefore if it shall be rotten and stinking the Patient strong and the affected part not very sencible in such causes I was wont to apply Egyptialum but if the Patient bee delicate and the affected part very sencible then mix with the foresaid Ointment Hony of Roses also the powder of precipitate washed in Rose water is an excellent Medicine against all rotten Vlcers or else ℞ Pulueris Praec pitati Radix Aristoloch rot. Farinae hordei ana ℥ i. With Honie or Roses and a little Turpentine make an Ointment If the Combustion be in the head or face adde a little Gumma Lemnia dissolved in Oyle of Roses also a mundificative of the juice of Smallege doth very much clense putrid Vlcers when it is mixed with Mel. Rosarum and Aquavita and applyed Also these Medicines spred upon Cotten or fine Lint and applyed to Vlcers is profitable or fine Linnen cloths doubled or let the part affected be rowled in a soft sponge for these linnen clothes and sponge doe draw thin humours which do hinder consolidation to Vlcers already mundified it is best to use Incarnatives such as are Vngunt Aurium Nicotiane or this following powder ℞ Pulvis Aroes Sarcocollae Myrrhe ana ʒii Miso f. pul This following Viscus doth mightily mundifie and incarnateth all sorts of corrup ulcers ℞ Herbar Centaurii et Hiperici Cum toto Diapensiae Alchimellae Bete silve. Folior-arnoglossae maioris Ana M. iiij Radic. tormentille Aristolocbie longe ana ℥ iij Let them all be cut and beaten together after let them be put in a Glasse vessell and powre Wine thereon untill it doe onely swim and set it in the Sunne the space of three dayes then let it be boiled with a slender fire untill the third part be consumed and when it is strained with a strange expression in a Glasen Limbecke and in Balneo Marea make a Viscus or Bird-lime Then cause a Cicatrix but not with those things which doe vehemently dry as Chirurgions use to doe in other Vlcers for vehement dryers applyed unto Burnes doe cause a rough and filthy scarre Therefore apply this following Ointment ℞ Emplast Palmei ℥ i. Pinguid Gall Et anser ana ℥ ss. Let them be dissolved together and then mixe with them Alumines Vsti Saturni Calcinati Lythargirii aurei Lapidis Calum naris And in a Leaden Morter make an Ointment adding of the Musilage of Cydon seedes and Foenogreeke as much as is expedient with the which make an Ointment most excellent for all Combustions whatsoever Also I have used an Ointment of Aliblaster in this cause with great profit whose description is as followeth ℞ Lapidis Alablastratis calc. ℥ i. ss Pumicis albi Calcionat ℥ ss Make them into a very small powder afterwards ℞ Caerae albae Ceri Cervini Ol. Amigdalar Dulc. Lilior Albor ana ℥ i. Ol. de vitell. ovor. ℥ ss. Make an Ointment according to Art this Ointment mollifieth easeth paine and produceth a faire Cicatrix If the Combustion be in the eye-browes lippes or in the fingers there ought to be great care taken that these parts be not contracted and fastned backewards rowled in a soft sponge therefore Linnen cloathes or Lint or thin Leaden Plates finely beat and used are to be put betweene the parts where conglutination is feared In great Combustions which are in the great vessels of the Veynes and Arteries where Atrophia is feared by reason of little nourishment all the affected part are the first dayes to be anointed with Oile of Roses to represse the humours and afterwards with this following Ointment ℞ Cucci lumbricor ℥ ij Pinquid humanae Callinae Vrsi ana. ℥ i. Aquavitae ℥ ii misce This Ointment mollifieth resolveth corroborateth and openeth if any veynes or arteries by reason of the