shining then must you set your hawke by the fire to weather her and drie her feathers but neither must the fire bée ouer hote nor the gorge of your hawk towards the fire whereof I haue giuen you aduertisement before in those precepts which are to be obserued of a good Falconer For if you set her with the gorge to the fire no doubt shée wil receiue no small harme and inconuenience thereby and for the most part death ensues of it In the Summer time you may dispatch your hawke of the lise mites with Auripigmentum beatē into very fine powder bestowing and sifting it betwixt the hawks feathers w t your fingers specially in those places where they do most vsually haunt alwayes hauing regard that none of the powder come into your hawks eyes for offending her And after the bestowing of this powder you must in no wise bespowt her w t water as some vse to doe to the great hurt and mischiefe of those poore birds For the bathing or spowting her with water is a meane to make the powder to frette away and consume the Hawkes feathers Some other affirme that Mint leaues boyled in water to the consumption of a third part bathing the Hawke therwith somewhat warm wil dispatch the Lyse and Mites but for my part I neuer approued this medicine and therefore can say little of it Let these suffice as touching the peppering of lowsie hawks for of all other plagues that be fall the Hawke I account this the least because they may most easily be destroyed as dayly experience doth teach vs and yet the remedies for them good to be knowne because you shall seldom or neuer buy a Hawk from the Cage that is not lowsie or set your hawke on a perch where a lowsie hawke hath stood and shée shall bée assured to bée neuer a lowse the worse for it Of misfortunes that happen to Hawkes in the mew And first of all of their laying egges in the mew IN the mew hawks are subiect to sundry accidents Among all which to passe ouer the greasines and excessiue glit that they are surcharged withal hauing som what touch◠that matter in the Chapter of the Gowt the greatest mishap that may be is when hawkes fall to laying egges and to be with egge in the mew For in very déed this is a great mischiefe and diuers times doth kill the Hawke You shall first perceiue it by the creaking and crying that they vse in the mew somtimes and other whiles on the perth albeit now and then they dee it for eagernesse and appetite when they are sharpe set which as it is easily found so is it as quickly remedied A man shall know when they fall to liking and laying by this from the necke of the hawke down to the very middle of her traine there is vpon the feather a certaine thing like the floure of branne of a pale and ashie colour And because this accident hapneth by meane of too much daintinesse and lustfull pride of the Hawke it shall bee good to kéepe her low and to hold a hard hand ouer her pinching her of her féeding giuing her liquid and moist flesh from the midle of Aprill to the end of May which is the onely tune to be feared of all the yeare for this matter When the hawk doth leaue her croaking and crying in the mew it is a manifest proofe that shée is with Egge which you shall know both by her grosenes and silling in the panell as also by her idle standing without list to féede And it hahpily the egges bée growne any thing great within her you shall hardly hinder her but that shée wil lay them Therefore as I tell yon it shall bée good in time to looke vnto it kéeping her low in Aprill and May. And in those monethes to minister vnto her Aloes Epatick washt a quantity of Saffron lapped in bumbast or cotton whereupon conuey a little Flaxe or Towe and make a casting or scowring of it thrusting it downe her throat into her gorge the hawke being both empty paneld and hauing no meate aboue to put ouer kooping her on the fist after it till such time the scowring be in her gorge Of this and such like scowrings may you giue your hawke euery third or fourth day for foure or fiue times féeding her with liquid meates such as will lightly be endewed And vsing this order no doubt your hawke shall doe well Againe it is very good against the same mischiefe to cause your Hawke in foure or fiue bits of meat to take a quantity of Saffron in Chiues vsing her after the manner and forme aforesaid Moreouer it is a very good way to delay and kill the list and liking of a sparowhawke to féede her for thrée foure or more dayes if you thinke good with liquid meates washt in water wherein the great pylles of Ornus haue béene infused for the space of eight or ten dayes béeing finely cut to péeces But it should be far better if you cause those rinds pilles to be boiled in water so long vntill they become soft and tender and then to wash your hawkes meat therein If your Hawke be with Egge as they tearme it so as you may perceiue and féele the egs within her besides those foresaid remedies it shall bée good to annoint her tuell with oyle oliue which being done conuey in thy forefinger at her tuell as finely as thou canst to féele the egs which if thou once féele gripe thy hawkes pannel softly for hurting her forcing downwards the eg towards thy finger in her tuell if it be possible so bring it away cleane rid thy hawke of it but if thou canst not doe it breake it euen there right and afterward bestow a glister vpon thy hawke of things lenitiue to make her mewt and slise well for by this meane as my Italian Author doth informe me thou shalt discharge thy hawke of this mischiefe and bring her to be in perfect state againe To cause a Hawke to mewe fast and well SOmetimes it so falleth out that hawkes doe not mewe in time so as they may be flown with in the pleasant time of the yeare nor be drawne when other Falconers do accustome to draw their hawkes but they come so late as the yeare is far spent and small pleasure to be taken in kéeping or fléeing with them for which a man is sometimes driuen of force to vse deuise to further the matter and to practise to make her mew sooner than her accustomed maner is to mew of her selfe Wherfore to make a hawke mewe timely thesmost and best way is to cast her off into a good mewe for the purpose made in maner as I haue taught you before and there to allow her of the best hote meats that may be had as Quailes Pigeons and Sparowes and now and then among to set her in the mewe some vessell large and déepe conueniently filled with water wherein your hawke
thrée maner of Pantases wherewith hawkes are diseased The first in the gorge the second commeth of cold and the third is in y e reines and kidneys The first kind of Pantas commeth of bating vpon the perch or vpon the fist of him that beareth them by meanes whereof some little veines of the liuer breake and the bloud powreth out vpon the Liuer which drieth and cloddeth into small flakes and those rising vp afterward when the hawke bateth againe doe stoppe the passages and windepipe and thereof commeth the Pantas And sometime when the Hawke bateth those flakes doe so ascend into her throat and he ouerthwart it that she presently falleth downe dead insomuch that some hold opinion it is the Pantas that maketh Hawkes to die sodenly For proofe whereof open your hawke when shée is dead and yee shall finde this maladie in her throat Master Amè Cassian giueth no Medicine to this Pantas in the gorge because it cannot bée ministred to her neither by her throat nor otherwise For the disease holdeth her in the very windpipe whereby the breath passeth in out Neuerthelesse his counsell is to close vp the hawke in some conuenient chamber with lattis windows so as yée may not get out and to set her two or thrée perches that shee may flée from one to another and haue the Sun shine in vpon her if it be possible and she must haue alwayes water by her And wheÌ„ yée féed her her meat must be cut in small pellets and haue neyther feather nor bone in it least she strain her self in tyring and she must haue but halfe a gorge at once and but once in a day This is his counsell and aduise for this mischiefe Of another Pantas that commeth of colde ANother Pantas coÌ„meth of cold when hawks take wet in fleeing the field or the ciuer and are not weathered afterward nor set in a place where they may stand warme Againe this disease commeth by standing where smoak or dust may annoy them And ye shall know the Pantas by your Hawks panting for that she cannot draw her breath as she should do Malopin sayth that to remedy this disease ye must take the filings of yron and meal of Lentils of ech like quantitie which you must temper together with hony till it be like past that yée may make it in little bals as bigge as a Peaze Whereof you shall giue your Hawk two or thrée euery morning and after nooâ—e féede her with good meat but not with béefe which diet you shall allow her three or foure dayes And if she amend not season her meat with powder of Orpiment two or thrée dayes M. Michelm giueth this medicine following Take Mayden-haire which groweth lightly at the heades of ponds and pits and therewithall the roots of Persley the rootes of Smallage Of all these take like portions and boyle them in a good bigge pot that is new Then straine the water through a Colander and put thereto a quantity of clarified sugar with a little marrow of béefe and stirre them altogether and thereof giue your hawke a portion in the morning and as much at Euening with a small tunnel or otherwise with a spoon or other fit deuice four or fiue dayes together let her not féed till noon be past then giue her of pullets flesh without bloud dipped in Oyle of swéet Almonds or Oyle oliue washt in two or thrée waters and when yée haue so sowst her meat let it also bée seasoned with a little Saffron and Sugar And foure or fiue dayes after if néed be giue her on her meat the powder of Orpiment without oyle other thrée or four daies And afterward ye may return again to your oyle of Almonds or oyle Oliue till your hawke bée throughly recured Of the Pantas that is in the reynes and Kidneys IT hapneth sometimes that when a hawke hath béene recouered of some great griefe by good kéeping and intendance afterward shée waxeth euill againe and falleth to panting wherof bréedeth this disease of the reines and kidneis in maner of a canker as big as a bean which swelleth bigger bigger in such wise that shée falleth to casting some part of her meat This Pantas differeth much from both the other for it will leaue her seuen or eight dayes then vexe her again more strongly And somtimes it will take her but from Moneth to Moneth so as she shall beare it out a whole yeare It is discerned by this that when she panteth she stirreth her reins more thaÌ„ her pineons wheras in the other she stirreth more her pinions than her reines Againe to know it truly when it commeth and goeth euery seuen or eight dayes if your Hawke chance to die rippe her and you shall find a knubbe of the bignes of a small beane full vpon the reynes and the small of her backe whereof that disease procéedeth Master Cassian giueth this remedie for it Yée must take the roots of Capers of Fenel of Smallage and of Parsley and boyle them together in a new potte to the consumprion of a third part Then take an olde Tyle the older the better and make powder thereof When you serue your hawke féede her with flesh stéeped in the water of the saide rootes a quarter of an howre or therabouts afore haÌ„d In the morning when yée giue her of that washt meat giue her none of y e pouder and at night wash not her meat with the sayde Water but besprinckle it with the powder so competently as she may receiue it and giue her not at any time aboue halfe a gorge let this be done nine or ten dayes or more If ye sée that your Hawke amend not continue it still for then was the disease very much confirmed and the hawke had borne it out long it is hard to be cured But if yée take the disease when it is new and gréene plie her diligently with this Medicine and it will helpe her Of the Hawke that is morfounded by some mischance SOmetimes it falleth out that hawkes are morfounded by some mischance and sometimes also by giuing them too great a gorge specially when they be wet For then they caÌ„not indew nor put ouer their gorges and so they surfet because their meat conuerteth into slime and grosse humors which ouerthrow their appetite by meanes wherof they come oftentimes to their bane Yée shall know the disease by this that if yée giue your hawke a great gorge specially ouer night the next morning she will haue no list to her breakfast but becommeth cold and so falleth into great disease Mallopin in his book of the Prince giueth this medicine for it When ye perceyue her to be so morfounded and to haue lost her appetite giue her no meat that day but set water before her and let her bowze or bath at her pleasure When shee hath bathed and is weathered againe throw her a liue Pigeon and let her kill it and take as much of the bloud
get it vp nor downe and thereupon falleth in daunger of death Wherfore all men ought to vse discretion in feeding their hawks that they ouer-gorge them not M. Cassian saith that for remedy thereof yée must set cleane water in a vessell before your hawke let her houze thereof at her plasure And if she list not then take the quantity of a beane of Porke of the fattest of it and two parts lesse of powder of Pepper with a little salt brayed very small and when ye haue mingled them altogether make a little bal of it as bigge as a beane and put it in your Hawks beake so as she may receiue it Then set her by the fire or in the Sun and you shall sée her cast her gorge But let not the hawke bée too poore to whome you intend to allow this pill for if shée bée too low shée will hardly beare it Another medicine to make her cast her gorge RUb the roofe of her mouth with a little Vineger and Pepper and she will cast by and by And if yée list ye may also conuey two or thrée drops of the same into her nares and it will make her cast her gorge out of hand And if yée sée that the Vineger and Pepper doe vexe and distemper her too much after the casting of her gorge spirt a little fresh water with your mouth into her palat and nares Of the Hawke that casteth her gorge over much and cannot indew as she should doe MAny times it commeth to passe that when a hawk hath fed shée cannot kéepe her meat but falleth to casting as soone as shée hath receyued it This commeth of féeding her with grosse fowle vnholesome meat not washed or else for that she is foule in the panel and so cannot indew by reason of the great store of filth that is within her Therefore yée must beware that ye cut not her meat with a foule knife or w t a knif that hath cut onions léekes chibbols or such other like things To remedy this inconuenience giue not your hawke great gorges And to bring her well in tune again scoure her with the forementioned pilles of larde marow sugar and saffron by the space of thrée dayes And aboue all things let not the hawke that hath cast her gorge be fed a good space after it but let her stand empty in the Sun with water before her to bowse at her pleasure for that will doe her much good And when yée féede her giue her at the first time but a quarter of a gorge and at the second somewhat more if shée kéepe the first and her meat must be some liue fowle and good of digestion till shée be brought againe to her naturall plight But if she kéepe not all her meat giue her yong rats or liue mice and for want of those giue her small birds til shée bée recouered If these foresaid things boot not then by Mallopins aduise take Coriander seed beaten in powder and temper it with warme water straining it through a cloth wash your Hawks meate therewith foure or fiue dayes together and if ye haue no Coriander séed take the iuyce of Coriander And if your hawke mend not yet for all this Follow the counsell of Master Michelins here insuing Boyle Bay leaues in white wine till halfe the lyquor be wasted and then let it coole with the leaues still in it Which done force a Pigeon by deuise to bowse so much of the wine that shée may die of it Then immediately féed your hawke with the same Pigeon and let her not eat more than a legge of it Of the Hawke that hath lost her appetite and will not feed to make her eager without bringing her low A Hawk doth somtime loose her appetite of féeding by some misfortune as by taking too great gorges towards euening which shée cannot well endew because the nights are colder than the dayes Also shée may loose her appetite by being foule in the panel and diuerse times by coldnesse or by some other disease which cannot bée perceyued out of hand For remedy whereof Master Mallopin sayeth yée must take Aloes Cicotrine boylde Sugar and marrow of beefe of each a like sauing that there must bée least of the Aloes and when yée haue mingled them together and made them in little Balles or Pilles as bigge as beanes giue of them to your hawke and hold her in the Sunne till shee haue cast vppe the slime and filth that is within her And if it happen to scowre downeward lette it not trouble you for it will doe her much good and féede her not till noone at which time giue her good meat and serue her so thrée dayes together For the same disease Michelus sayth you must take common pils that are giuen to purge men withall giue one or two of them to your hawk in the morning keeping her hooded by the fire or in the Sun looking to hir that she cast them not if it may be to the intent they may cause her to scowre downward And the booke of the Prince sayth that it is good giuing of those pilles to hawks in the beginning of September For if they haue the Filanders or any other inward disease it scowreth them and riddeth them of all mischiefes that may ensew Three or foure dayes after you haue giuen your hawke these Pils if she haue yet no lust to feed cast the filing of yron vpon her meat three or foure dayes together M. Amè Cassian sayth that for the same disease when yon perceyue it you must giue your hawke a liue stockedoue allowing her leaue to seaze and tire vpon it to take the bloud of it at her pleasure And for want of a stockdoue small birdes are good and so be rattes and mise so she haue them aliue And if you will haue her to endew them quickly giue her but halfe gorges When Hawkes are low brought a remedie IT happeneth sometimes that Hawks are brought so low that a man shall haue much a do to set them vp again And that commeth through the fault of vnskilfull keepers rather than any other thing For some giue them ill meat cold vnwashed Also Hawks do happen to grow poore by some disease that their keepers are not ware of Again sometimes it hapneth that a Hawke soares away and is lost foure or fiue dayes and so becommes poore for want of prey M. Cassian saith that if ye will set her vp again ye must feed her a little at once and with good meat such as rattes and mice are for they they be light of digestion or else with small birds which are good likewise and of great nourishment Poultrie also is good but it nourisheth not so much of his owne nature as Mutton doth Againe yée may set her vp when she is low in this maner following Take a spoonefull or twaine of hony thrée or foure of fresh butter boyle them together in a new pot of water thē
a Falcon newly reclaimed you must consider three things First that she be well assured and boldned in Company well acquainted also with dogges and with horses Secondarily that shee be sharpe set and eager hauing regard to the howre of the morning or euening when you will lure her And the third consideration is that shee bée cleane within the lure must be well garnished with meate on both sides and you must be a part in some secret place when you would giue her the length of the lease You must first vnhoode her giuing her a bitte or twaine vpon the lure as she sitteth on your fist afterwards take the lure from her and hyde it that shée sée it not and when shée is vnseazed cast the lure so neare her that she may catch it within the length of her lease and if shée doe seaze vpon it then shall you vse the voyce and accustomed spéech of a Falconer vnto his Hawke and féed her vpon the lure on the ground giuing her thervpon the warm thigh of a Henne or Pullet and the heart also When you haue so lured her at Euening giue her but a little meat and let her be lured so timely that when shée is therewith accustomed you may giue her plumage and a iucke of a ioynt Afterwards and in the morning betimes take her on your fist and when she hath cast and gleamed giue her a little beaching of good warme meat Afterwards when the day is further forwards and that it is time to féede her take a Criance and tye it to her lease and goe into some faire pleasant meadow and giue her a bitte or two vpon the lure as before sayd then vnseaze her and if you peceiue that she be sharpe set haue seased vpon the lure eagerly then giue her to hold vnto some man which may let her off to the lure then shall you vnwind the Criance and draw it after you a good way and hée which holdeth the Hawke must hold his right hand on the Tassell of the Hawkes hoode in a readinesse that hée may vnhoode her as soone as you beginne to lure and if shée come well to the lure and stoope vppon it roundly and seaze it eagerly then let her feede two or three bittes vppon it and then vnseaze her and take her from off the lure and hoode her and then deliuer her againe to him which held her and goe further off and lure her féeding her alwayes vpon the lure on the ground and vsing the familiar voyce of Falconers as they cry when they lure And thus you shall lure her euery day further and further off vntill she be well taught to come to the lure to take it eagerly Afterwardes let her be lured in company hauing regard that neither dogs nor other thing come in sodainly to fray her and when you take her vppe from the ground hoode her vpon the lure and when you haue well and often lured her on foote then vse to lure her on horsebacke the which you shall the eassier winne her too if when you lure her on foote you cause some on horsebacke to come neare you that shée may see them and cause them to come neare her when shée féedeth vppon the lure causing them also to turne and tosse their horses about her but let their horses be ruly least they should vpon the sodaine affright her Furthermore the better to acquaint her with Horses and that shée may the better know them carrie your Falcon whiles shée feedeth on high vppon the lure neare vnto some man on Horsebacke or gette your selfe vppe on horsebacke and reward her vppon the lure amongst Horsemen and when shée is well accustomed to them and well acquainted with them making no resemblance to feare them you may then lure her on horsebacke in this manner Hée which holdeth her to let her come to the Lure must be on foote and you where you Lure shall bée on Horse-backe and when you call and cast the Lure about your head then hee which holdeth her shall take off her hood by the tassell and you the meane while shall call and lure in the cunningest wise you can as Falconers vse to doe and if shée seare eagerly vppon the lure and feare neither people nor horses then take off the luring line or Creance and lure her loose further and further off And to make a Falcon come which is but newly reclaymed and to make her come in company of another Hawke there must bee two to hold a cast of Falcons and two which shall lure them but hee which holdeth the Falcon that is but lately lured shall not let her come so soone as the other shall do then shall the lure bee throwen out vnto the Falcon which is but lately lured and when shee is fallen therevpon her keeper shall carry her vppon the lure to féede amongst the other make Hawkes This being done twice or thrice shée will follow them and loue them and if you would haue her loue dogges which is most necessary you must call dogges about you when you féed her or giue her tyring or plumage How you shall bath your Hawke beeing but lately reclaimed how you shall make her fleeing and to hate the checke WHen your Falcon is well lured aswell on horsebacke as on foote and that shee is ready to bee cast off and hath béene well rewarded vppon the lure and is now altogether reclaymed from her ramage toyes and when shee is also somewhat recouered of the paine and trauell which you haue put her vnto in making and reclayming her and bee yet in good plight and haue her thighs ploompe and well brawned then offer her Water to bath her spie out a faire day when the Weather is cleare and temperate then take a Bason so deepe that your Hawke may stand therein vppe to the Thighes and fill it with water and set it in some secret place afterwards your Hawke being lured and well rewarded in the morning with warme meate beare her vp vpon some high place or banke and there hold her in the sun vntill she haue endued her gorge taking off her hood that shée may proyne and picke her selfe that being doone hood her again and set her neare to the bason afterwards taking off her hood againe if shée will let her leape downe into the Bason or vpon the grasse by it and to make her know the water slappe therein with a little wand and let her bath therein as long as shée lift when shee commeth out of the Water take some meat in thy hand and proffer it vnto her and be well ware that shée come not out before thou proffer her thy fiste to giue her a bitte or twaine then take her vp and hold her in the sunne and she will picke and proyne her on your sist or vppon your knée if shée will not bath her in a bason then proffer her to bath in riuer water at some foorde Bathing giueth an Hawke great courage
which is before rehearsed you must féed such a falcon w t good warme meats as pigeōs such like quick birds vntil shée be full gorged twice a day for thrée dayes For you must not breake her of her accustomed dyet all at once and being lately taken shee will more willingly féede on warme meats than any thing else When you féede her you must whoope and lewre as you doe when you call a hawke that shée may know when you will giue her meat You must vnhoode her gently giuing her two or thrée bittes and putting on her hood againe you must giue her as much more But take héed that shée bée well and close séeled three dayes being passed if you perceiue her to be eager and gréedy of meat and that shée féedeth with good appetite then beginne to abate her her meat that is to say giue her but little at once and often so that shée haue not much aboue at one time vntill it be Euening and beare her late vppon your fist before you goe to bedde setting her vppon a trestle or stoole very neare you so that you may wake her often in the night Afterwards you should take her on your fist againe before day with some quicke bird or such like meate and when you haue obserued this order with her two or thrée nights and that you perceiue shée beginnes to bee much better fellow than shée was woont and that shée séemeth to beginne to bée reclaymed and féedeth eagerly vppon good meate then beginne to change her diet giuing her often and little at once the heart of an Hogge or a Shéepe In the Euening when it beginnes to bee late without casting of her lette her féeling thread a little loose spowting water on her face that shee may ieouke the lesse and watching her all the night hold her vppon your fiste vnhooded But if shée sée any thing that mislikes her and make semblance to bee afeard then let her bee carryed into some darke place where you haue no more but light to hoode her againe And afterwardes giue her some beaching of good meate and let her bee watched diuers nights together vntill shée bee reclaymed and Ieouke vpon the fiste by day time although to let her Ieouke also some-sometimes in the night is a thing maketh her the sooner manned In the morning by breake of the day let her haue some warme meat to beginne with And because there be sundry Falcons of sundry sortes and conditions as some mewed at large in the Woodes some other taken at stand where they haue long vsed and some other taken soare Hawkes whereof we now treate whether they be Soare-hawkes Mewed or Nyasse yet are they of sundry natures and properties and therfore they must be diuersly gouerned and entred which is the cause that it is hard to giue generall Rules For those which are Gentle easie to be reclaymed and of a good kind and nature ought also to bée the more fauoured and the more gently handled But when your Hawke is brought to the poynt before rehearsed as well for the hooding as also for her eagernesse to féede if you peceiue that shee beginne to be acquainted therewith you may vnhoode her by day time farre from company first giuing her a bitte or two of good meate Afterwardes hoode her againe gently giuing her a little meate againe hooded Aboue all thinges you must beware to hoode or vnhoode her in any place where shee may bée frayed for that were able to marre her at the first When shée beginneth to bee acquainted with Companye if you perceiue that shee bée eager or sharpe set vnhoode her and giue her a bitte or two of meate holding her right against your face and countenance For that will cause her to dread no company And when it is night cut the thread wherewith shée is seeled and you shall not néede to watch her if you perceiue her bold inough amongst company But yet let her be set vpon a trestle by you that you may awake her two or three times in the night and take her on your fist before day For ouerwatching of a Hawke is not good as long as a man may reclayme her otherwise And if by such good gouernment and by dealing courteously with her and keeping her from sodayne feare you perceiue that she beginne to be acquainted with you and to know you assuredly and that shée feedeth eargerly and sucketh to her meate before company then giue her washt meate and beach her in the morning so that shée may alwaies haue somewhat in her gorge which meat you shal lay in cleare water halfe a day and you shall cause her to féed in company giuing her in the morning about Sun rising the wing of a Hen or Pullet and at euening hooding her againe take the foote of a Cony or an Hare which is cut off aboue the ioynt and flay it stripping away the Clawes also and temper and steepe the skin in faire Water pressing and wringing it a little the which you shall giue her with the ioynt of the pynion of the Hennes wing You must take good héede how you giue your Hawke any Feathers vntill shée be throughly reclaymed For vntill shée be throughly wonne and reclaymed shée dares not cast vppon the fist And on the fist you must beare her continually till shée be throughly manned But when she makes semblance to cast vnhood her gently by the tassell of the hoode You may giue her two dayes washt meat and the third day plumage according as shée is cleane or fowle within And when shée hath cast then hoode her againe giuing her nothing to feed on vntill she gleame after her casting But when shée hath cast and gleamed then giue her a beaching of hote meat in company giuing her two or thrée bittes at once and at euening make her plume a hennes wing in company also When you find her well reclaimed and throughly manned and eager and sharpe set then it is time to féed her vppon the lure And you must marke whether the feathers of your Hawkes casting bée fowle or slimie and whether the slime thereof bée yellow or not For if they bee you must bee very circumspect to make her cleane with washt meat and casting and if shee be cleane within then giue her not so strong castings as Hares feet or Conies feet but giue her the Pynions of an old Hennes wing or the plumage that is to bee taken therevpon or the necke bone chopped foure or fiue times betweene the ioyntes washed and steeped in faire water To make an end of this Chapter it is certaine that it requireth more time to winne and to watch a Falcon once mewed in the woode then one which is taken sore at passage And likewise it is harder to winne a Hawke taken at stand when she hath long time beene accustomed then it is to make a Hawke which hath beene handled before How to lure a Falcon lately manned BEfore you shew the lure to
second time let not slippe your cryance at the firste but rather pull it from her by force and afterwards let her seaze vpon it and so by little and little you shall teach her to beate it and stoope at it For so must she doe at a wild Hare And you must feede her alwayes amongst the dogges and when she is well nousled and entred in this manner take a liue Hare and breake one of her hinder legs and let her goe in some faire place amongst your dogs and your Falcon will stoope her and ruffe her vntill the dogs may take her Then take her from the dogs and cast her out vnto the hawke and cry backe backe If you would make your Hawke fleeing to the Partridge or Feasant when she is reclaymed and made then euery time that you lure her cast your lure into some low tree or bush that she may learne to take the trée or the stand And if shée take the stand before shée espie the lure let her stand a while And after draw the lure out before her and cry Loe birde lo Hey lo bird hey lo and rewarde her well For in this manner shée will learne to take stand But feede her alwayes on the ground and in some thicke place for in such places shee must encounter with the Fesant at Pearch And at the first flée with her at Feasant or Partridge that be young to giue her the aduantage and afterwardes at the old If a Falcon will not take stand but will kéepe her on wing then must you flée with her in plaine places where you may alwayes sée her vpon you Sacres and Laners will commonly take stand both in a trée and on the ground but the Falcon gentle taketh stand more willingly vpon the ground And when you draw a Hawke out of the mew bear her not much in hot weather for feare least by much bating in heate shée may get the Pantise But if there be no remedy then kéepe her alwayes hooded and take as good héede to her as you can If your Hawke be coy and dangerous then giue her salt with her meat I meane a dramme of the salt called Sal Inde or Sal geme or Salis albi pulverizati and giue her water for shée shall haue néede thereof And make her Ieouke all night in payne in a moyst or colde place and so shall shée watch most of the night and thereby her grease and pride will be abated Sacres must be nousled and entred as soone as they be manned for else they be very hard to be entred Draw your Hawke out of the mew twenty dayes before you enseame her If a Falcon trusse and carrye to remedy the same you must cope her tallons her powlse and her petty singgle Neuer reward your hawke vpon riuer fowle but reward her and make much of her vpon the lure to the end shée may the better know it and estéeme it The Souldan fléeth to the Crane wilde Goose Bustard with thrée or foure Hawkes at once or more from the fiste yea and those of all kind of Hawkes also as Sacres Gerfalcons peregrine Falcons and Mylanes And ofterwards a man may make them flée to the mowntye You should flée to the Crane before Sunne rising for shée is sluggish and slothfull and you may cast off to her a caste or a lease of Falcons or you may hawke to her with the Goshawke from the fist without dogs Wilde Géese are flowen to in the same manner And if you haue dogs to helpe and succour your hawkes sée that they be stanch and gentle and well made for the purpose and a Greyhound will be most readily made therunto You shall flée but once in a day at the Crane and therevpon reward her liberally and make as much of her as you can The Millaine should be let flée downe the wind The Almaines doe flee at the Pye with a lease or two cast of Falcons at once and they make them to mount and to stoope as they doe at the Riuer But this must be in a playne where there be no trées nor wood but little shrubbs and bushes If you vse to giue your hawke a breakefast or beaching very timely in the morning it will make her eager to flee at such time as will be conuenient for her to flee And especially a Falcon which you would haue high fleeing those should not be highly kept but should be fed nyne dayes together before Sunne rising and at night late in the fresh or coole of the Euening So shall you make them high fléeing by that means they will euery day get gate higher and higher so that they bee flowen with euermore in the plaine champion The Falcon gentle is commonly better inward when shée hath mewed than in her soarage The Falcon will kill the Hearon naturally if shée be a peregrine Falcon and yet you shall doe well to giue them traines A Falcon may flee ten slights at riuer in one day if the season be not extreame and that is the most that you shall flée with her The Falcons which are riuer Hawkes should alwayes be borne vpon the fiste A hawke shall haue forty castings before shee be perfectly made For a hawke which hath not casting euery night will be surcharged with abundance and superfluity of humors the which doe from the stomake so ouerflow their braine that they cannot flée so high as else they would doe And therefore all hawkes should haue casting euery night naturally if you would haue them sounde and cleane and it is good to giue them tyring or plumage at night especially field hawkes but not riuer hawkes for weakening their backes And euery third day you shall present them to the water at the longest Touch your Hawks feathers as little as you can for much handling will make them out of order The Millaine and the Laneret may bée set vppon the stone incontiuently as soone as they be made When your hawke hath flowen or bated féede her not as long as shée panteth or bloweth nor vntill shée be in breath againe For if you should it is perilous to bring her into the disease called Astum and in a Hawke the Pantise If a hawke eyther Falcon or other chance to be out of heart and discouraged which happeneth oftentimes then take such paines with her that shée may kill some prey and féede her vpon it with a full gorge euen as long as shée will eate and the same night sette her abroade that shée may Ieouke in the open ayre at her owne pleasure and on the morrow take her and féede her with small birdes to enseame her neyther more nor lesse than you would doe with an Hawke that were new drawne out of the mew If a Falcon or other hawke will not seaze or gorge take the quill of a wilde Gooses feather and tye it vnder her long single and shee will seaze and gripe And when she beginneth to seaze take away the sayd quill and
come from Ciprus Candya Alexandria and other far countryes the which hauing béene in the hands of such as could not well skill of them become coy and very vntowarde to bée hooded and will hardly be wonne to abide the Hoode by any meanes In this case you must first séele your Hawke and beeing séeled you must fitte her with a large easie hoode and hoode and vnhoode her often therewith watching her a night or two and handling her oftentimes about the head as before sayde vntill shée haue forgotten that fault And when shée once doth leaue it you may vnseale her in an euening by candle light handling her still softly with your hand about the head hooding and vnhooding her oftentimes vntill shée will well abide the Hoode and brooke to be handled And here I thinke good to expresse mine opynion that he which taketh in hand to be a Falconer ought first to be very patient and therwithall to take singular delight in a Hawke so that hée may séeme to be in loue as it were naturally with his Hawke euen that a man would say it were a thing bread so in the bone as it could neuer bee rooted out of the flesh For such a man with neuer so little paine and industrye will become an excellent Falconer but he which taketh not that delight in his Hawke but doth rather exercise it for a pompe and boast than vpon a naturall instinct or being a poore man doth vse it to get his liuing such a man in mine opinion shall seldome proue a perfect Falconer but a mar-hawke and shall beare the bagge after a right Falconer To turne to my purpose when your hawke beeing so séeled doth féede well and will abide the Hoode and to bée handled without striking or byting at your hand then in an Euening by Candlelight you shall vnséele her and with your finger and a little spittle annoynt the place where the séeling thread was drawne through And when you haue hooded her take her on your fist and holde her so all night vntill day appeare againe doing off her Hoode oftentimes and handling her gently with your hand stroking hersoftly about the wings and the body hooding and vnhooding of her and giuing her sometimes to féede a morsell or twaine or sometimes tyring or plumage But aboue all things you must watch her on the fist so many nights together without setting her downe on any pearch that she may be wearie and suffer you to hoode and handle her gently without any manner of resistance and vntill shée haue altogether left and forgotten her striking and byting at your hand but some hawkes will belong before they leaue that fault as the more coy or ramage that they be the longer they will retaine those ill tatches and will not peraduenture be wonne from them in thrée foure or fiue dayes When shée is well reclaymed from it then may you let her sit vpon a pearch to rest her But euery night you shall doe well to kéepe her on the fist thrée or foure houres handling her and stroking her gently and causing her to tyre or to plume alwayes making of her and hooding and vnhooding her oftentimes as before said And the like may you doe also by day light but in a Chamber apart where shée may see no great light vntill shée feede surely and eagerly without dread To make your Hawke know your voyce IF your hawke be thus in foure or fiue dayes manned so that shée begin to féede eagerly and boldly then you shall first beginne to make her know your whistle or the chirping of your mouth and afterwards your voice in this maner Take a quicke Pullette and going into some secret place where your Hawke may well perceiue the fowle and yet see no great open light let her plume and feede vpon it as shee sitteth vpon your fist then chyrke with your voice and vse those other sounds which Falconers do to their Hawks and féed her so hooding her gently then afterwards you may let her plume a little vpon some wing being still hooded as well to loose her in the head and to make her cast watâ—r as also to teach her the better how to fitte on the fiste The feeding for a Falcon shall bée Pullets not very old and Calues heartes weathers hearts and hogs harts and to giue her a conuenient gorge to the end the may the better disgest both the grosse substance and the slimie matter But if your Falcon be not eager or sharpe set then shall you do well to wash her meate sometimes in fayre water and some other whiles in vrine wringing it a little and then féeding her therewith for one two or three gorges and that not continually but respecting a day or two betweene and that is referred to the discretion of the good Falconer For this done somewhat to a bate a Hawke and to enseame her It shall not be amisse also in the morning when she is emptie both in the gorge and pannell to conuey into her a little Sugar candy to the quantity of a small nut for that dissoluing in her will make her the better to endure and will both breake the grosse substance and disgest the glit in her and also wil make her eager as shall be further said hereafter How to make a Hawke know her feeding WHen your Hawk féedeth eagerly and knoweth your wistle and your voyce then may you teach her to know know her feeding to bate at it in this wise You should with your right hand shew her meat crying and luring to her aloud and if bate or strike at it then must you quickly and handsomely let her foote it and féede on it for thrée or foure bits and doe thus oftentimes to the end she may the better know her feeding And afterwards feede her and giue her euery night without intermission some casting eyther of feathers or of cotton with two cloues sometimes cut in foure peeces and put into the casting or a little Aloes wrapped vp in the Cotten according as the Falconer shall see that it is requisite For such castings make a Hawke cleane and eager ∵ To make a Falcon bolde and ventrous WHen a Falcon hath learned to féede and to know the call of her Kéeper then to make her hardy you shall suffer her to plume a pullet or good great chicken And you shal goe into some close place where shée may not sée ouermuch light as before said where loosing her hood in a readinesse you must haue a liue pullet in your hand knéeling on the ground luring and crying aloud vnto her make her plume and pul the pullet a little Then with your teeth drawing the strings vnhoode her softly suffering her to plume and plucke it with her beake twice or thrice more cast out the pullet vpon the ground before her Then must you with raysing or holding down your fist encourage her vntill she leape down vpon the Pullet and seaze it Then when shée beginneth
gate And when shée is at her gate againe and her head in then lay out the fowle againe as before sayd vntill you may land it at the last alwayes remembring that as soone as shée seaze it you succour her quickly and reward her according to order True it is that to be assured you shall doe well alwayes to haue a quicke Mallard or Ducke in the hawking bag whensoeuer you would make a slight and if your hawke kill not the fowle which is stooped as often hapneth by many ouerthwart chances then may you quickly haue recourse to the hawking bag and féeling your liue Ducke your hawke being at her pitch and her head in you may throw her vp to your Hawke reward her c. For this order shall alwayes maintaine your Hawke to be inwards and in good life and blood How to doe when your river hawke will take stand in a tree IF you haue a Falcon which as soone as shée hath once or twice stooped endewed a fowle will take stand on a trée you must asmuch as may be eschue to flée in places where trées be and you must haue two or thrée liue traines and giue them to sundry Falconers placing them all of purpose some here some there and when your Hawke hath stooped and would goe to stand then let him vnto whome the hawke doth most bend cast out his traine ducke seeled and if the Falcon stay her then reward her c. And by this meanes shee will leaue that fault but if in this doing twice or thrice shée will not leaue that tricke then the best counsaile I can giue you is to ridde your hands of such a kite To make a hawke fond of the Lure WHen your Hawke is well quarrieed and fléeth well to the riuer and fléeth a great gate or a reasonable pitch then shall you doe well also to make her fond of the lure for when a Hawke hath stooped once twice or thrice you shall doe well to take her downe with the lure and to let her kill a Pullet and feede her vpon it yea the higher fleeing that a Hawke is the more néede to take her downe the oftner with the lure and to regard that you ouerflée her not For if it happen that a fowle being often stooped will not spring againe but will rather fall to diuing which Falconers call the ploonge then must you take her with dogges or kill her with Hawking poles or vse some such other deuise and be faine to take downe your Falcon with the lure and giue her the fowle vpon the lure féeding and rewarding her with as much delight as you can to make her fond of the lure It hapneth oftentimes that many Falcons will hardly become fond of the lure through the great desire they haue to kill their fowle To helpe that I thinke it not sufficient onely to kéep her from often killing but sometimes you must also take the quarrey out of her foot as soone as shée hath fedde vpon a little of the braines and hood her vp then giuing her vnto another to hold goe from her a bow-shot and call her to the lure and so féede and rewarde her well vpon the lure with the fowle that shée killed and this order will make her fond of the lure How to helpe a Hawke when shee is froward and coy through the pride of grease SOmetimes a Falcon will become very proude and disdainefull by being ouer high kept in sort that shée shall not nede to bée fedde nor rewarded according as they feede when they prey of themselues at large and although shée flée and kill yet as soone as shée hath plumed a little let her kéeper take a shéepes heart cold or the leg of a pullet and whiles the Hawke is busie in pluming let the Falconer conuey the hart of the shéepe or the pullets legge into some part of the body of the fowle that it may take some taste of it and when the Hawke hath eaten the braynes heart and tongue of the fowle then let him take that forth and call his Hawke with it vnto the fist let him féede her therewith and giue her a little of the feathers in the necke of the sayde fowle to scowre her make her cast When a Falcon will not holde in the head IF a Falcon vse to rake out after checke or otherwise and leane out so farre as neyther for whooping luring or for casting the Hawkes gloue about your head shée will come in againe to the flight but rather still more and more gad out and so flée away in this case you must follow after her luring and whooping a good proffering her to the lure to make her put in her head againe and if she doe turne and come to the lure then féede and reward her c. And doe not fayle in any wise to be fond of her when she commeth to the lure because she may thereby the better learne to know your voyce to come to the lure another time Holding this order especially with Seare-hawkes or hawkes of the first Cote they will learne to hold in at the voyce or sight of the lure yea and that with such readines as it will bréed admiration in all them that behold it to sée the excellency of art what it is able by cunning to atchieue which truely doth appeare in nothing more than in Hawking How to keepe a Hawke high fleeing WHen a Hawke is well made to the riuer you should not flée with her aboue two flights in a morning but féede her vp although shée kill not but if shée be a stately high fléeing Hawke you should not in any wise flée her aboue one flight in a forenoone for it will bring her downe and make her fall off her stately pitch by often fléeing and becomming gréedy and hote of the quarrey When a good high fléeing Hawke béeing whistled or cast off the fiste doth gather vpwards to a great gate you must haue regard to continue her therein fléeing with her vpon broade waters and open Riuers eschewing little brookes and gullets and such places as lie near vnder couert where there be trées shrubs and bushes in such sort that it will be very hard to land a fowle handsomely from them at least not without helpe of dogges and great clapping and a do Yea sometimes eke you must of force alight from off your Horse all which things are able to marre a high fléeing hawke Forasmuch as crying clapping of hands noyse bawling of dogges and alighting on foote and furthermore when a Hawke cannot sée the water vnder her al these things doe teach her to forget her kindly fléeing and to play the Kite houering and winding as the Kite doth in the ayre without any shew of state and in twice or thrice doing so shée abateth her gate and marreth her sléeping Therefore let the Falconer take good heede to that consideration and kéepe his hawke alwayes as high fléeing as he can suffering her
make her mew well and quickly To draw the Goshawke out of the Mewe ABout the beginning of October if you perceiue your Goshawke faire mewed and hard penned then giue her eyther chickens or Lambes hearts and Calues hearts by the space of 20. dayes together to skowre her and to make her slise out the slimy substance and glytte out of her pannell and to enseame her as Falconers tearme it That being done one euening you may draw her out of the mew and new furnish her with Iesses belles Bewets and of all other things that shall bée néedefull And when you haue féeled her keepe her so séeled two or thrée dayes vntill she will be gently hooded And thereof a Falconer ought to haue a speciall regard For commonly all mewed hawkes are as coy to bée hooded as when they were first taken But when you haue won her to abide the hoode gently then in an euening by candle light you may vnséele her and the next day you may goe about to shew her the fist and the gloue And as I haue before aduised you to deale with Haggarts or hawkes new taken from the Cage you shall not forget to let her tyre and plume morning and euening giuing her somtimes in the morning when her gorge is emptie a little Sugar Candie for that will helpe her maruailously to endew Sometimes also when shée is emptie in gorge and panell you shall giue her skowrings of Aloes Cicatryne Cloues and Stauesaker wrapped in a little péece of cotton or in towe or linnen cloth But hereof shall hée written more plainely in the treatise of medicines To make a mewed Goshawke fleeing WHen the Falconer shall perceyue his Goshawke to féede eagerly and perceiueth by his iudgement that she is enseamed and that hee may boldly flée with her then let him goe with her into the field and finding Partridge if the hawke bate at them of her owne accord it is a token that shée is empty and ready to flée but if shee bate not then doth it betoken the contrary Therefore in such case féed her still with washt meats and thinges conuenient as long as you shall think requisite For doubtles if she be once throughly enseamed and ready shée will flée of her owne accord And then if shée kill féede and reward her as hath béene before declared But if shée flée to the marke with a Partridge then you must retriue it and serue her as is also before expressed How to keepe Nyasse Sparowhawkes SParowhawkes are to bee considered as all other kindes of hawkes are according to their age and disposition Some of them are named Nyasses some Braunchers some Soarehawkes and some mewed hawkes Some also Haggarts béeing mewed in the woode they are called Nyasses which are taken in the eyrée Branchers are those that hauing forsaken the eyrée are fodde by the old hawke vpon the boughes and branches neare about the eyrée and thereupon they are called Branchers afterwards they are called Soarehawks They are called Soarehawkes because when they haue forsaken the wood and beginne to prey for themselues they flée vp aloft vpon pleasure which with vs Falconers is called soaring Mewed hawkes are all hawkes that haue once or more shifted their feather and Haggarts are they which prey for themselues doe also mew themselues eyther in the wood or otherwise at large To beginne with the Nyasse which is of greatest difficulty to bring vnto any perfection you must first féede her in some fresh coole Chamber or parler vpon the ground And the same chāber should haue two windows not very large whereof that one should open towards the North and that other towards the East to take the fresh coole ayre or the comfort of the Sunne at her pleasure These windowes must be open barred ouerthwart with lathes or thin bordes so thicke that neyther your hawkes may gette out nor your Catte may come in And in this Chamber caste and strew Vine leaues and other fresh leaues For it refesheth a hawke maruailously to rest vpon them And for the same consideration it shall not be amisse to sette two or thrée great frée stones in the chamber whereuppon the Hawkes may sitte coole and fresh You must also haue two or thrée pearches lined or couered one a little higher than another so that the hawke as she groweth huger and huger may flée from one pearch to another and neuer hurt her féete And when she is full sommed so as she can flée then wil it be méete and most necessarie to sette some large bason or other vessell full of Water that shée may bath her at pleasure therein For that is not onely very wholesome for her bodie but also will make her put out her feathers the better the faster And you shall doe well to shift her water euery three dayes You shall féed her with young Sparrowes Martelettes and young Pigeons and sometimes with shéepes hearts and whiles shee is very young and little you should cutte her meate and shredde it in small pellets vppon a trencher or a cleane boorde for the purpose setting it so neare her that shee may reach it with her beake and feede Thus you shall fade her twice or more euery day euen as you shall sée her endew it or as Falconers say put it ouer Beware that you giue her not gorge vpon gorge for that will make her cast her gorge But when shee is full sommed and fléeth about then you shall doe better to giue her whole birdes and sometimes to féede her vpon your fist suffering her to kill and straine the liue birdes in your hand Yea and sometimes to put quicke birdes into the chamber to her that shée may learne to know them to foote them and to kill them and let her féede vpon them her selfe in your presence For that shall bée very good as well to noule her as also to make her leaue that vile condition which commonly all Nyasses haue which is to carry and hide their prey in some hedge or ditch or secret place and therein they will sitte very close for being heard when they heare or perceiue their Kéeper to séeke them Whereupon their Kéepers are oftentimes euill troubled and displeased And also it shall not bée amisse euery morning to goe into the saide Chamber and to call them to the fist whistling and chirping with your mouth for by that means you shall both man them throughly and also you shall gaine the time which you should else spend afterwardes in making them when they were ready to bée drawne out of the faid chamber To reclayme and make the Nyasse Sparowhawke WHen your Nyasse Sparowhawke hath put forth all her feathers is full sommed then shall you take her out of the chamber and furnish her with belles bewets Iesses and lines And by my counsell you shall also séele her at the first to make her gentle to abide the hoode which is contrary to her nature and to make her tractable to bee
seuerall cures before they can bée remoued and the hawkes enioy their accustomed health Wherefore first of all it shall bée necessary to scowre your Hawke being thus affected and diseased with Butter prepaed in manner aforesaide or with Oyle Oliue prepared after that fashion as I shall instruct yon in the Chapter of the Pantas I haue in the Catarre of Falcons as also of other hawkes diuerse times vsed with great good fortune and successe to giue them of Agaricke two scruples of Cynamon finely beaten of the iuyce of Liquorish of eyther one scruple béeing make also into powder and with a quantity of hony of Roses to make all those thinges aforesaid into a pyll as bigge as a Beane for the largest sort of hawks and for other lesse hawkes halfe as bigge And this was I accustomed to giue my Falcon and other Hawkes in the morning hauing nothing aboue in their gorges holding my hawkeon the fist vntill such time the medicine beganne to worke because shée should not cast the scowring which then would doe her no pleasure at all and after three houres then to féed her with some meat You must remember and note this very well that if your Hawke to whom you giue this scowring bée greasie and ful of flesh you may boldly giue it her two or thrée mornings But if shée bée poore and low then once or twice to allow this scowring will very well suffice her For there is euer respect to bée had of the state of a hawke when any vpward or downeward scowring is giuen them for otherwise it will doe them greater mischiefe than pleasure But when you perceiue your hawks head to swell and her eyes to be full of dropping humors and to waxe lesse than naturally they were accustomed to be by meane of the swelling of her head It shall bée good hauing giuen her this general scowring that I haue spoken of to scowre the head alone and purge it with some deuise to force her snite and snifle as men doe accustom to sneze and to force her therunto you may take Pepper Cloues mustard séede of each one a like quantitie making them all into very fine powder as is possible then with a whistle of siluer or other like mettell yea though it bée but a quill it will serue the turne being applyed vppon hernares to blow it into hernares as strongly as you may to make it pierce the furtherin And besides that you may rub and frot the pallate of your Hawke with the said powder and not féed her after it vntill such time shée hath left sniting and snifling If you continue this practise thrée or foure dayes your hawke shall recouer assuredly To discharge the head of a Hawke that is stuft with ill humor Stauesaker which the Apothecaries do sel in the winter I haue found a very excellent thing and of great force giuing of it the biggenesse of a Beane vnto my Hawke being emptie and hauing nothing aboue And withall I was accustomed to rubbe the pallate of her mouth forcing also some parte of the powder to ascend vppe into the head by the hole that goeth to the braine and after I had so done would cast my hawke to the pearch vnhooding her Which was no sooner done but you should sée her cast a worlde of slimy filth and moist humour and snyse at her nares as fast But if it be so that the aboundance of humors in the head by none of these aforesaid remedies will be remoued applying them neuer so often nor the mischiefe cease to vexe your hawk which you shall easily discerne by her slimy castings and the aboundance of filth that will issue at her nares then must you of force be driuen ventrously to flée to the actuall cauterie with an yron button heat in the fire to cauterize her vpon the head vsing no lesse iudgement and discretion therein than the daintinesse of the place requires regarding the bone of the Hawkes head which is not very strong or hard And before you doe vse the cauterie it is necessary to cutte away those feathers that are growing about the place where you meane to bestow your fire If with this monstrous moystnesse of your hawkes head there be ioyned a swelling or the dropping of her eyes in that case I doe thinke it best to bestow your button vpon her head iust betwixt her eyes obseruing the same order that I haue alreadie prescribed you When the nares of your hawke are stuft with filth and surcharged with such distillation from the head as I haue spoken of after a conuenient scowring then shall it bée good to take Pepper and Mustard séed beaten into fine powder and putting it into a cleane linnen cloth to stype it a space in the strongest vinegar you can gette and that done to bestow some few droppes thereof vpon her nares so as they may enter and pierce her nares For truely this deuise will so scowre and drie vp the humor as it will do great pleasure But if so with these remedies and meanes you cannot resolue it then must you be faine to vse the cauterie not aloft vpon the head but round about the nares giuing her a little touch with the fire somewhat below the nares to make them more large alwayes vsing the matter so carefully as you touch not the root or or poret of her nares When you haue in this manner bestowed your fire and actuall cauterie vntill such time the paine doe cease and the escarre fall away which is nothing else but the crust that is growne there by meane of the fire you must annoint the place with fresh butter and after that you haue so done then procéede to the cure of it with the powder of Masticke or Olibanum This is a very good remedy for the swelling in the head of a Hawke Take Stauesacre a quantity of Pepper and a little Aloes Epaticke beat these said things into fine powder and put them into the water of rew where when it hath béen stéeped a space in the said liquor with a little bombast or lint bath your Hawkes nares twice a day and you shall find it ease your hawke greatly and ridde a great part of the filthie matter that bréedeth the stoppage in her head If all these remedies which I haue alleadged generally nor any one speciall medicine will preuaile as I said before then must you repose your chiefest trust in the cauterie which must bée done eyther on the head with a cauterizing button or about the nares with a néedle or sharp yron fire hote or some golden or siluer Instrument of purpose made applying after the fire for the remouing of the Escarre and the cure of the same the remedies aforesaid Of the giddinesse and shaking of a Hawkes head THere doth diuers times happen vnto Falcons and other Hawkes a mischiefe whose nature is to cause the hawke to shake her head continually so as at no time shée can holde it
causeth the Hawke to perish Besides that it is very hard to apply medicines in that place but if the hawke bée of so strong a nature that shée brook the breathing and rupture of this disease which you shall perceiue by the quitture and filth that dooth issue from her eares giue her this remedie which is a very noble receit and approued of me oftentimes as well in men as in Hawkes to my great commendation and glory Take hony of Roses and oyle of egges incorporate them together and powre twice or thrice a day into the eares of your Hawke some few drops of it hote and if you find by the aboundance of filth that there néedeth great abstersion you may adde thereunto a quantity of Sarcacoll beaten into powder The Wine of Pomegranats is a most excellent remedy in this mischiefe confected with those things aforesaid Butter well coyled and beaten in a morter of lead one howre at the least and afterwards powred into the hawkes eares reasonable hote twice or thrice a day is a very good remedie Of such evils as happen to Hawkes in their chaps and mouthes THe chaps and mouth of a hawke is subiect to sundry diseases and in the hawkes mouth there are wont to grow certaine white peeces of flesh and sometimes tending somewhat to blacke which doe hinder the hawke from her feeding by meane whereof without any other euident cause shée becommeth leane and low Wherefore it shall bee very necessary to looke into her mouth somtimes both in the pallate and vnder the tong beeause that many times there especially doe grow vp certaine péeces of flesh like in shape to a grain of pepper sometimes lesse sometimes bigger than a pepper graine which it shall be necessary to cut away eyther with a payre of cysers if you may commodiously doeit or with Roch allome burnt or with a drop of oyle of brimstone applyed vpon a little cotton w t an yron vnto the place taking away the corrupt flesh You must mundisie the place with hony of Roses and bumbast or lynt vntill you sée the quicke flesh vnderneath it then afterwards vnto the hony of roses you may apply and adde a litle pouder of masticke or incense to consolidate the wound washing it sometimes among with white wine Moreouer and besides this there is wont to happen vnto hawkes in the mouth a certaine frownce or impediment which doth hinder their féeding as the other péeces of flesh do of which I haue spoken before This frownce may bée verie well perceyued and discerned with the eye and will appeare also by the féeding of the hawke Diuers times this kind of euill is cured with hony of Roses with the powder of nut-shels bound in a péece of linnen cloth well bathed and stiped together and thrust vnder the hote ymbers vntill it may be brought vnto fine powder this may you continue twice a day as long as shall be néedfull But if this will not serue the turne it shall bée very necessary to mortifie and kill the frownce with Aqua fortis such as Goldsmithes doe vse to part their mettals withall hauing respect not to touch it any where sauing only vpon the frownce and part diseased for that it will fret the good sound flesh After you haue mortified the frownce or canker with Aqua fortis as I haue told you then must you mundifie and consolidate it with hony of roses which will cure it out of hand Also it is very good to apply this receit following in the cure of the Frownce whome the Italians call Zarvol Take a cleane Skellet whereunto put good White Wine a quantity of Verdigrece well beaten to powder of Roche Allom like quantitie one ounce of hony and a few drie Rose Leaues boyle all these things together to the consumption of halfe the Wine then straine it and with the straining hereof twice or thrice a day bathe the frownce with a little lint or bumbast tyed on the toppe of an Instrument for the purpose But you must well regarde whether the Flesh bée good or no and with a toole fitte for it to search and cutte away the deade flesh for otherwise it will doe little pleasure and the Hawke should bée assured to suffer great paynes and yet to die at last Hauing mundified the wound with the receit aforesaid bath it onely with hony of Roses it will dispatch the Cure Take Verdigrece a quantity binde it in a linnen cloth stype it one day and one night in Rose Water or Plantine Water or common water not hauing the rest and afterwards wash the frownce therewith vntill they bée mortified which you shall well perceyue by the quicke flesh that will grow vnder then apply Honey of Roses in the ende of the Cure and it shall doe your hawke great good Egiptiacum is an excellent thing to cure kill the frownce in a Hawke which is none other thing but a very Canker such as men are plagued withall Wherefore take Verdigrece Roch Alome of eyther two ounces Honey of Roses one ounce water of Plantaine wine of Pemegranats of eyther two ounces and a halfe set them on a soft burning fire alwayes stirring them with a sticke or wodden splatter vntil it turne to the thicknesse of hony then take a little of it and mingle with a quantity of Plantaine water and you shall find this the most excellent remedy aswell for the frownce in a Hawke as also for the canker in the mouth of a man Thus much is necessary to be vsed when the frownce doth happen vnto a Hawke by some postume of the head engendred by a corrupt liuer or some other inward part But many times it so falleth out that the beake of a hawke is hindred offended with this kind of euill and not the mouth so much in such sort as the Hawke cannot well féede by meane this mischiefe doth so fret and eate the horne of her chappe and beake For remedy of that you must take a sharpe knife and pare away as much of the beake as is corrupted but if the malady or frownce haue eaten very farre vnder the horne of the beake it is not sufficient to cut it away with a sharpe knife as farre as the canker hath eaten but you must afterwardes annoint the place with hony of Roses twice or thrice and in so doing the Hawke shall recouer and doe well for the hony of Roses wil both mundifie and incarne Sometimes a hawkes beake or chappe doth ouergrow so much as it is very necessary to cope it with an yron and afterward to sharpen the beake with a knife taking away so much as is néedefull for the better féeding of your Hawke but in any wise you must not meddle with the nether chappe because that doth not commonly grow so fast nor so farre as to hinder your hawkes féeding Wherefore that part is to be fauoured Let this suffice as touching the diseases of the hawks mouth and the
frownce because there is no canker or frownce so ill but béeing taken in time with these receits it wil be cured assuredly Of the Pantas ONe speciall disease among others that bée lurking and secret within the breast and couert parts of a Hawke is the Pantas a very dangerous euill and familiar to hawkes for lightly few escape that are once encombred with this infirmity This mischiefe procéedes when the lungs and those breathing members by excessiue heat are ouerdried and baked in such sort as they cannot by any meanes freely draw the ayre to them nor yet vtter it well being once receyued for the better cooling of the heart whose bellows the lungs are by nature ordayned for that speciall purpose and office wherby the hart waxeth inflamed and by a necessary consequent the hawke of force must perish Beside that the humidity and moisture of the head distilling from aboue vpon those breathing parts there encrassed and waxen thicke is wont also to bee a great furtherance to this mischiefe and bréed difficulty of breathing Wherefore it shall be very necessary to regard it at the first before the disease haue taken too déepe roote for that then for any thing I know there is no remedy in the world to be had for the Pantas which is commonly tearmed Asma You may iudge of the beginning of this griefe and know it by this Your Hawke laboureth much in the panell mouing her traine often vp and downe at each motion of her panell and cannot many times mewte or slise and when shée doth slise she droppes fast by her and makes a small round burnt mewt these are apparant proofes that shée hath the pantas growing on her Againe you may perceyue it by the more violent motion of her gorge then custome was but the other are the most assured signes that you can desire and infallible Moreouer when your hawke doth oftentimes open and close her clappes and beake then is the disease very neare confirmed And looke how much the more shée doth it y e more is the Pantas rootes on her and then is the cure desperate and not to be hoped for The best remedie that euer I could finde for the Pantas was to scowre the Hawke with good oyle oliue well washed in sundrie waters so long vntill it became cleare and white My accustomed manner of washing it was to put it in an earthen potte that had a litle hole in the very bottom of it of purpose made rounde whereby it might the better bée stopte with the toppe of my finger then do I conuey into this potte that quantitie of Oyle which I meane to washe in it and with cleare water do there coile it together with a woodden platter or a spoone that the water waxeth somwhat dark with it after which remouing my finger the water passeth away by the hole the Oyle remaining behinde and swimming aloft as it is the nature of it to do And thus do I fixe seauen or eight times so long vntill I perceiue the Oyle to haue no filth left in it at all Then of this Oyle thus prepared I bestowe vppon my Hawke that hath the Pantas filling therewith a chickens gutte washt very cleane of an inch long and somwhat more for a Falcon and Goshawke but for other lesse Hawkes of a lesse length fast knit at both endes with a threed to the end the Oyle may not issue out which gutte I conuay into the Hawkes throte after she hath cast and is emptie aboue and in the pannell both holding her on the fiste till she make a mewte and one houre after she hath left mewting then I féede her with some slipper flesh as the heart of a Calfe or a Pullets legge refusing to vse olde Pigeons and Sparowes because they are ouer hote meate vnlesse happily the Hawke were very low and poore but being hie and full of flesh those other meates aforesaid are not alone holesome and sufficient for her but they will be much better being washt in water of Buglosse and wroong drie in a linnen cloth and then minged with the powder of Sugar Candie vsing this order sixe or eight dayes or more euery other day till my Hawke recouer giuing her euerie third or fourth day a cotton casting with Cubebes cloues to scowre and discharge her of such moist humors as distilleth from her head which sometimes as I haue said before is the chiefe and originall ground of this disease Besides this remedy there is one other very good and that is butter and Larde well slised and washed in sundry Waters till they become very cleane and White which you may kéepe in Rose-water vntill you haue occasion to vse it Of these being thus prepared and conserued you may take as you haue néed for euery scowring such a quantity as will serue to make a pyll or pellet so great as you may well conuey into your Hawkes throat vsing it in maner and time aforesaid giuing her now and then among that scowring of Cubebs and Cloues as well for the reason already alleadged as also because of her liquid meat and slipper féeding vpon those hearts so bathed and stéeped in water For Cubebs and Cloues will greatly comfort the stomacke and gorge of your Hawke I haue found by experience that oyle of swéete Almonds is of wondrous efficacy in the cure of this disease giuing it in a chickens gut as aforesaid If these remedies which I haue shewed doe not preuaile nor performe the perfect cure of your diseased hawke ne yet do make her mewte which hapned at no time to mée in all my experience and practise But when there is no remedy to bée had at all I can well allow the vse of Agaricke with a cotton casting because Agaricke is of great force to cause a Hawke to slise But if for all this the griefe doe dayly procéed and increase then doe I thinke good that you bestow a Cantery vpon your Hawkes head betwixt her eyes eake at her nares specialy if there be any imperfection in them Some men are of opiniō y t for the cure of y e Pantas you should giue your hawk two inches of a Lucerts tayle newly cut off conueying it into your hawkes gorge and afterwards setting her in some dark place till shée haue cast and then to giue her goats milke with the bloud of a Doue Othersome Writers doe will and aduise to let the hawke bloud in the necke But I for my part haue neither tried the one nor the other if I shall tell you the truth of the matter because I doe not at all like of these deuises but doe assure you that with those other remedies and receits which I haue taught you in this Chapter of the Pantas I meane the scowrings and the cauterie I haue done very much good and recouered my hawks of this disease and therefore doe recommend you to them as vndoubted experiments Betony reduced into the forme of an Electuarie with hony is
twice then is it a desperate case and so much the worse if the Hawke bée low and poore for then in that case haue I séene very few or none recured Neuerthelesse I haue sometimes séen a maruaile wrought in this case by making the greater kind of hawkes as Falcons Gerfalcons and such like drunk with a spoonful or two of strong Malmesey conueied by force into her gorge but to the lesser hawks you must not giue so much of the malmesie but in lesse quantity Which done they haue béen placed vpon a bed or a cushion for on the pearch they cannot stand being drowsie but will lie as thinges in a trance for the space of a quarter of an howre and many neuer recouer themselues againe but if happily any doe after they are thus dealt withall recouer and slise and scowre away their medicine no question that hawke shall throughly recouer then is it good to giue her of the bloody parts of a Pigeon vsed in that manner as I foreshewed you but this dangerous medicine is not to be giuen but in desperate cases Of divers Accidents that happen to Hawkes by meanes of fowlenesse of the gorge and indisposition thereof IT hapneth sometimes that a Hawke can hardly put ouer her meat which may bée discerned by this when in the morning she hath of her supper aboue This misfortune chanceth partly by reason her meat was ouerdrie and as wée may say so hard baked in the gorge as shee could not put it ouer and partly againe for that the Hawke cannot endue sufficiently neyther yet dooth fill in the Pannell as shée ought to doe In the first case I haue holpen diuers with giuing the Hawke water at will to bowze her pleasure bathing besides her féet and pearch with fresh cold water which not seruing the turne I haue thrust my forefinger into her gorge and so holpen it along and sometimes my little finger or a wax candle and by that meanes haue caused her to fill in the ventricle sooner than otherwise shée would haue done The weakenesse of which part diuerse times is a cause that the Hawke doth not well endue nor fill in the Panel Somewhiles againe I haue vsed and chiefly to Falcons to giue a scowring in Cotton of powder of Mummye prepared of Cloues and Nutmegs rolling aloft vpon the cotton a little lynt of Flaxe because they should the sooner cast it And by this meanes haue recouered them presently When a hawke doth endew but slowly and hath by that means small lust to her meat you must thus do to make her more eager sharp wrap her meat in the séed of Nasturcium or water crassies and so cause her to take it But this must he vsed only in winter by reason that kind of séed is very hote The meat being thus vsed will bring her to be very sharpe sette and cause her to be well breathed and besides make her lusty for indéed it is a medicine very excellent and of infinite vertue Besides sometimes the gorge is so out of tune as it is the cause that the hawke at her accustomed hours doth not caste but retayneth her casting within her Whereupon it behoues some art to be vsed to make her cast The next remedy for that as I haue said already is to giue the roote of Celendine prepared in forme aforesaid Moreouer mustard seede otherwise called Senuy séede is an excellent a present remedy for that mischiefe being conueyed into the Hawkes throat of the bignes of a beane to the huger sort of hawkes but to the lesser hawkes a lesse quantity ought to be giuen besides that one graine of Cloues with a little pure Aloes well washt albeit that will somewhat vexe and wrong the hawke in this care But aboue all other doe I hommend and preferre a scowring conueyed into a little cotton casting that is made of the powder of Aloes Epaticke washt of Cloues Nutmegs and Ginger of ech of these equall portions roling the Cotton in a little Tow or Flaxe making it as hard with your hand as you may then rolling it in the powder of cloues and forcing it downe the Hawkes throat and presently you shall sée your hawke cast it vp with the olde casting which shee had before This besides the benefite of that will comfort greatly and strengthen the gorge and scowre the head of all such euill humors as are there surcharging the same The vse of this deuise now and then will bee very necessary and beneficiall to your Hawkes without doubt If your Hawke will not cast take Aloes Pepper powder of Cloues and hony of Roses making of all these a long pyll and as bigge as a casting giue it your hawke and shée shall presently cast vpon the taking of it Of wormes that molest and trouble hawkes out of measure NOw doe I hold it high time and the place very conuenient to write of such kinds of wormes as do trouble and vexe the poore hawke as her mortall enemies which after a sort doe depend of the gorge through whose weakenesse there are engendred grosse and viscuous humors in the bowels of a hawke where béeing weakely wrought by default of naturall heat the humor conuerts into small wormes a quarter of an ynch long and more You may perceiue these wormes to plague and trouble your hawke when you sée her cast her gorge when her breath stinkes when shee trembleth and writheth her traine when shée croakes in the night offereth with her beake to her panel when her mewt is not cleane white nor in such aboundance as it ought to be And besides all this when your Hawke keepes at one stay and is low of flesh continually In this case it behooues you to destroy these wormes eyther with a scowring of washt Aloes Epaticke Mustard seede and Agarick of each one equall portions vsing to giue it as I haue taught you before Or else by ministring the pouder of the Gal of a Bore pig dryed in the smoake or if these fayle to giue the powder of Harts horne being dried White Dittander Hiera pigra minore for there are sundry kinds of it of each two drams Aloes Epaticke well washte thrée drams Agaricke Saffron of each one dram being al incorporate with hony of Roses is an excellent remedie against the wormes You must kéepe it well and giue Falcons Goshawkes and such like the bignes of a beane but to Sparowhawkes and the lesser sort of Hawkes as much as a pease in forme of a pyll thrusting it downe your Hawkes throat kéeping her after it a space on the fist till she haue slised and mewted her medicine feeding her afterward with good meat after your wonted maner And this shall recouer her and kill the wormes For the same disease it is very good to giue a scowring of white Dittander Aloes Epaticke well washt Cubebes foure or fiue a few flakes of saffron enwrapped in a morsell of flesh to cause the hawke the better to take it This
casteth not at her accustomed and wonted howres by her fowle castings by her stinking and ill coloured mewts whereof I spake before by her labouring thicke in the panell and by féeling of her For her pulse doth beat as the pulse of a man that hath a Feauer Moreouer her mewt is as blacke as any incke The disease is the most pestilent and dangerous of all others If the heat of her liuer procéede of too much bating or broiling with her selfe you may easily cure her with foure or fiue good liquid and cooling gorges as to féede her with the legge of a Pullet or the heart of a Veale bathed in Water of Buglosse Bowrage Harts tongue and such like waters Moreouer it is very Soueraigne to wash her meate in the iuyce of Henbane or else that which doth much more refresh the Hawke to take a little larde or bacon without the rinde and well washt and conserued in good Rose water and last of all rolled in powder of Sugar Candy With this receyte more than with any other am I accustomed to recomfort and refresh my hawke when shée is sick of her liuer Notwithstanding the other medicines are very wholesome and good And specially good fresh butter or Oyle washte and prepared as I taught you in the former chapter But when the mischiefe of the liuer is engendred by some pricke of a thorne or the crabbing with some other hawkes or foule as diuers times it happeneth to the Falcon by encounter with a Hearon when they binde together in the aire In this extremity mummy purified made to powder is very good You must roll your hawkes meat in this mummy prepared thrée or foure times and so giue it to your hawke and if shée refuse to take it of her selfe then conuey it into her by force with a cotton casting foure or fiue dayes one after an other If shée be ill affected in her liuer by a bruise against y e ground or against a trée or by encounter with some other fowle then take Rewbarbe of the best one scruple drie it vpon a hote yron pan vntill it may be made into fine powder of that giue in a canuas casting the weight of two graines of wheate to your larger sort of hawkes but for the lesse hawke the one half wil suffice After she hath taken this casting iâ— shee bee hie in flesh then two howres after féede her with a pullets legge washt in one of those cooling waters but if shée bee low and poore with good hote meat Thus must you continue four or fiue dayes giuing one day the casting with Rewbarbe and another day with the mummy aforesaid Truly without doubt your hawk shall recouer if you follow this methode vnlesse the lyuer bée remoued out of his place which sometimes dooth happen by some great bruise or straine And you shall know it by a continuall hardnesse which you shall féele in the hawkes pannell and by her yellow mewts For this inconuenience there is no remedy in the worlde to bée had although you would trie all the medicines that are to bée vsed to hawkes you shall profit nothing It must needes follow that within fiue dayes your hawk peke off the pearch It is not curable Gioroa us an excellent Falconer for the indisposition and heat of the lyuer willeth you to take halfe an ounce of Soldanel and one ounce of Iâ—eos which is floure de Luce. You must beate these into fine powder and conuey it into your casting so giue it your hawk Withal at night hee wils you when your hawke hath put ouer and well scowred her filth féed her with good meate washt in these cooling waters following Take water of Endiue Maydenheare Cycorie and Buglosse in these waters may you wash your hawkes meate as also her casting if it please you wrapping in the casting the powder aforesaid For what with the helpe of the one and the ther no doubt you shall see a very good effect Moreouer the said Giordanus saith that the Gerfalcons are of all other the hotest hawkes and therefore to maintaine and kéepe them sound he doth aduise to wash their castings in this water following Take Endiue water Maydenheare otherwise called Capillus Veneris the water of Scabiosâ— of eyther two ounces one dramme of choice Rewbarbe of the best Agaricke one scruple put those in infusion where after they haue béen infused seuen howres wash your Hawkes casting in it This order vse euer when your Gerfalcon is out of tune it shall greatly pleasure her Of diseases that happen to Hawkes feet and first as touching the swelling of a Hawkes foot SOmetimes the arme and foot of a Hawke doth swell by means of ill humors that descend and drop down through weakenes of the foot or arme through ouer great trauel toile through age by reasoÌ„ of some blow or bruise receiued long before This mischiefe may easily bée discerned aswell by view of eye as touch of hand for besides that you shall plainely perceiue it in sight you may feel a very great heat in the member so as sometimes the Hawke is vnable to stand on her legs for paine and auguish thereof Wherefore it is necessary to looke to it with all care that may be and to vse the matter as the humor bréed not the goote or the pinne which oftentimes hapneth to those poore birdes to their great and continuall plague The way to cure it is to giue the humor a vent by launsing it and after that to recomfort the member by ofteÌ„ annointing it with the white of an egge vinegar and rosewater well beaten and coyled together or else with very good olde oyle of oliues such as you can come by out of a bottle wherein oyle hath béen long time kept for those drops that hardly come out of the bottle are farre better than any new fresh oyle and are more medicinable in this case Moreouer besides the ceasing of the paine to delay the swelling you shall find it very excellent good to take the powder of Acacia terra Sigillata of eyther foure drams incorporating them with vineger the white of an egge Rose-water and the iuyce of Nightshade as much as will suffice to make this vnguent soft and delicate and with this receite to annoint the hawks foot or arme oftentimes for a space for this vnguent no question will both take away the immoderate ach and paine as also mollifie and delay the swelling and so restore your hawke to her former plight againe But aboue all there is none more certaine then to take oyle of bay and beating it wel with aqua v tae annoint the hawks féet or legs therwith An other approued medicine is to annoint the swelling of your hawkes foot with Oleum Petraelium which is the oyle of a Rocke and with oyle of white Lillies taking of each of these like quantity the blood of a pigeon and the talow of a candle heating all these together a little at the
they may tricke and enoyle themselues at their pleasure This done yée may set them in their accustomed places And because some Falconers are so slothfull as is said afore that they will not make their Hawkes to tire and othersom haue not leysure alwayes to do it in stead of tyring I will giue them a remedy that followeth to ease them of their watry humors which they haue in their heades for want of tyring Take Agarike beaten into powder and Ierapigra with a little saffron and make a pyll of it as bigge as a beane and put a third part lesse of Ierapigra than of Agaricke to binde your pouder together Let that pyll so made bée put into hir wrapped in Cotton towards Euening when shée hath endued her gorge is emptie making her so receyue it thrée or foure dayes together And you may vse this medicine from moneth to moneth at your discretion And by the opinion of all Falconers yée may giue this pyll for all vnknowne and hidden diseases for which you know none other remedy Another receit to keepe and maintaine your Hawkes in good health IF you entend to kéepe and maintaine your Falcons and al other Hawkes in health take Germander Pelamountaine Basill Grimel séede and Broome flowres of each of them half an ounce of Isope of Saxifrage of Polipodie of Horsemints of each of them a quarter of an ounce of Nutmegges a quarter of an ounce of Cubebs Borage Mūmy Mogewort Sage of the foure kinds of Mirabolans Indorum Kebulorum Beliricorum and Embelicorum of each of them halfe an ounce of Saffron an ounce and of Aloes Cicotrine the fifth part of an ounce All these things confect to a powder and at euery eight day or at euery twelfth day giue your Hawkes the quantity of a beane of it with their meat And if they will not take it so put it in a Hennes gutte tied at both ends or else after some other means so as yée cause them to receiue it downe And if they cast vp the flesh againe by force of the powder let it no more be giuen them with flesh but in the foresaid maner of the gutte and let them stand emptie one howre after And according as you sée your hawke disposed make her to vse this medicine to scowre her of the euill humors that are in her body bred of féeding vpon naughty flesh which engendreth such humors and causeth many diseases in hawkes That the diseases which Hawkes haue in their heads doe commonly come of giuing them too great gorges and of fowle feeding the meane to know it THe chiefe Falconers say and agrée that the diseases in hawkes heads doe most commonly bréed of giuing them too great gorges especially of grosse and ill flesh For when a Hawke hath too full a gorge shée cannot well put it ouer and indue it whereupon it falleth to corrupting and stincking in her gorge by lying too long there and specially more in a Hawke that is low and poore than in one that is high and full of flesh insomuch that shée is forced to cast it all stincking And if shee happen to put it ouer so stinking it attainteth and rotteth her panel by meanes whereof the fume and stinch ascend vp to her head and there close and stuffe vp her eares and the passages of her pipes and head so as the humors which were wont cannot passe away as they were accustomed by reason whereof the heade swelleth inordinately For the humor séeketh issue and vent eyther at the eares or at the nares or at the throat for want whereof the Hawke falles in danger of death if shée haue not spéedy remedy And to discerne the disease of the head the Hawke will sniffe often and shut her eyes towards night and sometimes shut eft the one and eft the other eye and make as though shée iouked with worse cheare than shée was wont to doe and then must you beware that shée swell not betwéen the eye and the beake And if shée doe then cauterize her in that maner that is set down hereafter Whensoeuer the humor makes a shew to sew out at the Hawkes eares at her nares or at her throat then is shée in perill of death if shée bée not holpen presently The remedy of the said disease YOu must take the larde of bacon that is not restie nor ouer old and of the fattest of it make slices as it were to larde Partridges and such small birdes and let them stéep in fresh cold water a whole night changing the Water three or foure times Then take the marrow of béefe well picked and sugar once boyled and clarified and of those thrée thinges being ech of like quantity with the quantity of a little Beane of Saffron in powder well mingled together make pylls of the bignesse of a beane and giue them to your hawke causing some body to cast her and opening her beake by force if shee will not take them otherwise This done set her by the fire or in the Sunne and anone yée shall see how shée will scowre and slise by casting vpward and downeward the grosse humors wherwith her body is ouercharged And when she hath muted well thrée or foure times let her be taken from the fire or out of the Sunne and set vpon her pearch in her accustomed place and let her not be fedde till two howres after and then allow her of a chicken or mutton but halfe a gorge Let her bée thus dealt withall thrée dayes together making her to tyre euery day against the sunne both morning and euening And foure fiue or sixe dayes after giue her eueryday a cloue of Mace in her casting and shée shall recouer When the three dayes are past wherein you haue so scowred her take a little pepper beaten into very fine powder and mingling it with Vineger in a Sawcer open her beake and rubbe the roofe of her chap therewith and likewise put a droppe or twaine of it into her nares and set her by the fire or in the Sunne and you shall sée how mightily it will open her head Howbeit you must not giue this medicine to a Hawke that is very poore for shée will not bée able to brooke it And within an howre or two after feede her with a chickens legge and after let her haue twice a day at her howres a reasonable gorge and let the saide powder be giuen her no more but once In stead of this powder some giue this medicine following which you may giue also if you thinke good that is to wit a little Stauesacre howbeit that is very strong if there hée not skill vsed to delay the strength of it Wherefore if you mind to giue your hawke of it giue her not past thrée or foure graines of it wrapt in a cloath or in linte which you must breake afterward and beat into powder Then take a little cleane water in a dish and put your powder in it and mingling it together in
if yée that the webbe shew it selfe much cauterize her vpon the vpper part of her head and likewise a little betwéene the eye and the beake after the manner aforesaid When all this is done squirt a little Rose-water into her eye and if néed be minister therto the powder or the iuyce of Celondine otherwise called Herbe Arondell as is said before This disease of the Pinne and Web is of some men called the Verol for the remedying whereof they burne the shell of a Tortoise in a new potte and beat it into fine powder which they serce through a fine cloth Then take they a cockle of the sea which is fashioned like a Hart and burning it throughly in the fire make it into fine powder serce it likewise And finally they take Sugar Candie in powder These thrée powders mixt together in equall portions they vse to put into their hawks eyes till they be whole Master Michelin telleth of one other receit for the sayde disease which is this Make a little hose in the toppe of an egge and powre out the white of it then coyle cleare Rose water and Sanguis draconis well together and fill vp your egge with them and stirre them throughly with a small stick Afterward wrap vp your egge in paste and stop vp the hole of it that nothing get out which done set it so closed in the fire till the past become blacke and red at the taking it from the fire Then take out that which is within it and beat it into powder and serce it through a fine cloth and of that powder you may vse to put in your hawkes eye till it be cured washing her eye now and then with water of Fenell and of Roses Master Mallopin makes another medicine for the same disease which is this Take the dung of a Lyzart which is called a Prouinciall and beat it into powder with Sugar Candy somewhat more in quantity than the other mingling theÌ„ both together He sayth that this powder is much better than all the others whereof you may vse as is said afore conueying into your hawkes eye water of roses and of Fenell But the best medicine is to put euery day into the Hawkes eye a little of the powder of Tutia or wash it with Tutia and Rose-water mixt together For the disease that breedeth in Hawkes beakes commonly called Formicas DIuers times there growes a disease vpon the horne of hawkes beakes which eateth and fretteth the beak from the head Master Amè sayeth it is a worme that eateth the horne of the beake within by reason wherof the hawke is in great daunger if shée bée not holpen in time Yee shall perceyue it by this that the horne of the beake waxeth rugged and the beake beginneth to riue and cliue from her head Master Amè Cassian giueth this answere and remedy thereunto Take the gall of an Oxe or of a bull which is better than of an oxe and all to beate it and breake it in a dish and put thereto the powder of Aloes Cicotrine and mingle them well together Then noynt the horne of your Hawkes clap or beake therewith and the very place where the Formica growes twice a day But beware that you touch neither her eyes nor her nares And continue your so doing till shée bée throughly cured and let her be bathed with Orpiment and Pepper to kéepe her from vermine and Mites For the disease that breedeth in the Nares of Hawkes ANother disease bredeth in Hawks nares so as they swel excéedingly and sometime vpon the horne of the beake there ryseth a crust at the remouing whereof the flesh is found to be raw vnderneath the clappe insomuch that diuers times they loose the one halfe of their beake Master Amè Cassian saith that the hawke hath small Mites in her head which créepe downe alongst her beake entring in at her nares do bréede the saide disease and that the hawke féeling them and being molested therwith thrusteth her talents into her nares Or else it hapneth sometimes that a cast of Hawkes doe burcle and crab together and thereof bréedeth the said disease M. Amè Cassian prouideth for it this remedy following Make little matches of paper of y e bignes of the tag of a point let your hawke be cast handsomly set your matches on fire w c a candle seare your hawke vpon the place swollen taking good heed y t you do it not too roughly Which being done annoint it the next morning with a little Hennes grease and so will it heale well and her beake and nares will not be stuft but remayne open Neuerthelesse yée must be faine sometimes to touch her with an yron which is more dangerous than the other The disease called the Frownce which breedeth within hawkes beakes and in their tongues THe Frownce procéedeth of moist cold humours which descend from the hawkes head to their palate the roote of the tongue And of that cold is engendred in the tongue the Frownce otherwise called of the French men the Barbillons or Sourchelons by meanes of which they loose their appetite and cannot close their clap whereof they oftentimes die and that disease is named the Eagles bane For as I reported to you in the first part of this collection the Eagle seldome when dyeth of age but onely by meane her beake doth ouergrow so as shée cannot féede and gorge her selfe Yée may perceiue this disease by losse of her appetite to féede And to know it the better open your hawkes beake and looke on her tongue whether it be swollen or no And if there appeare not that disease open her beake againe within a while after and sée if there be any likelyhoode of it and so may yée easily discrie the mischiefe For remedy whereof the said Master Mallopin sayth that you must take oyle of swéet Almonds or oyle oliue washt in foure or fiue waters and with that oyle annoynt her throate and her tong thrée or foure times a day with a feather for fiue or sixe dayes together And if your hawke cannot féede let her meate bée cut and shredde into very small pellets This done open her beake gently and make her to receiue it downe by conueying a smal sticke into her throate giuing her not paste halfe a gorge at a time and that must be either of Mutton or of some liue fowle Henne Chicken or such like fiue or sixe dayes after open her beake handsomely again and with a payre of sharpe Sissers cut off the typpes of the Barbyllons till the bloud follow but yet beware of cutting away too much After this annoint and moysten well her throate with sirope of Mulberies called of the Apothecaries Diamorâ—n and then annoint her with oyle of sweet Almonds or with oyle Oliue till shée bée recured Nothing cureth the Frownce so soone as the powder of allom brought to a salue with strong wine Vinegar and annoint or wash the hawkes
Amê Cassian giues for this euill is this The hawkes that are so diseased must haue the said pils of Larde sugar and marow of béefe giuen them euery morning one or two for foure or fiue dayes space together and about an howre or two after feed them with some poultrie or mutton drawn through the foresaid oyle And after those dayes open her beake again and softly scrape of the whitenesse and if yee find the swelling abated then do none other thing to her but only continue your anointing of her with the said oile But if ye perceiue the swelling to rise too hie ye may launce or pricke it but yée must beware that yée strike not too déepe for ye may soone kill your hawke Afterward lay the iuyce of mayden-haire to it and continue it till it be throughly cured and alwayes draw her meat in the said oyle or else in milke or butter For the disease of the iawes THe disease of the iaws cōmeth either of drawing y e hood too streit or for y t it is too close streit of it self And y t causeth the Rhewme to drop down out of the hawkes head vpon her gums and iawes if we may so tearme them You shall know it by this that shée can neyther open nor shut her beake M. Michelins medicine forths same ANnoint well the gorge iawes and nares of your hawke with oyle of swéet Almonds thrée or four dayes together and for want of that take oyle Oliue washt in two or thrée waters draw her meat through it as is said before and giue her pyls of lard sugar and marow of a béefe or else common pylles to scowre her both vpward and downeward Of the Hawke that hath broken her clappe by some mischance ANother inconuenience befalleth hawks by the negligēce of such as kéepe them for in their féeding there cleaueth or remayneth some peece of flesh in their iawes or in the roofe of their mouth or on some place or other of their beake which marreth their beaks so as it is enforced to fall away in sliuers péeces This hapneth for want of wiping their beaks as they ought to bée after their féeding by meane whereof both her claps grow so much as at length it falleth to breaking and riuing if it bée not remedied in time And thereof bréedeth this disease which we call Formica Corrosiva whereby the beake becommeth brittle is vtterly marred Master Amé Cassian appointeth this remedy following Looke into your Hawkes beake coping it and keping it very cleane and if you find any Formica corrosiva there remoue it That done annoint y e horn of her beake with the bloud of a snake or an adder the bloud of a henne mingled together to make it to grow the more spéedily Also let the meat which shee eateth be cut in small pellets for otherwise shée cannot féede And yet for all that cease not to flée with her Within 15. dayes or thrée weekes after when ye sée her beake begin to grow againe cast your hawke handsomely and cope her nether clap that the vpper clap may ioyn orderly vnto it as it should doe of his owne nature Of the falling sicknesse which happeneth to hawkes as well as to men and other living things THe chiefe Falconers say that the falling sicknes hapneth to hawkes through a fuming heat that ascendeth vp frour the liuer to their heads and maketh them to fall down vpon y e sodaine M. Mallopin sayth that to remedy this disease the hinder part of their head must be perused and sought where a man shall find two litle pits which must be cauterized with a wyer of brasse And if that help not then must you cauterize her daintily vpon the head w t the foresaid round yron or else you may hap to kill her This done drie red Lentils in an ouē and make them into fine powder then take the filing of yron the finest of it as much of the one as of the other mingle thē both together with hony make it in little bals of the bignesse of a pease Then giue your hawk two or thrée of them putting them as far into her gorge as you can and hold her vpon your fist at the fire or in the sun till she haue made a mute or twain and let her haue no meat till noone and then serue her of a Pigeons wing dealing so with her seuen or eight daies together In the night let her be kept alwayes abroad and in the day times in the darke with water continually before her M. Amê Cassian teacheth another medicin that is to witte that the skin of their heads must be launced right ouer against the foresaid pits where there are little veynes which must be taken vp with a silke thréed and annointed ouer with the bloud of a chicken Which being done yée must giue her the foresaid pils seuen or eight dayes together taking good heed that yée set her not neare any other hawkes and that your hawking gloue bée very cleane For that kind of disease is cōtagious and will soone passe from one hawke to another by feeding on the gloue whereon another hath béene fed before And by night let her stand in the wind and open ayre by day in darke places with water alwayes afore her as is already taught you Of another falling euill which first breedeth in the necke and in the gorge of a Hawke IF you perceiue your hawk to haue a swollen neck gorge that she panteth more strongly in y e mornings at one time than at another assure your selfe that shée hath the falling euill Martin sayth that you must take Sanguis Draconis nutmegges that kind of Mirabolans which are called Kebulme Cloues Cinamon and Ginger of each two pennie weight and making it all into fine powder strew a quantity of it euery morning vpon her meat supping her euery night with a ratte or a mouse thrée or foure dayes together and that will make her whole and sound Of the Fistula a griefe that proceedes through paine of the head YE shall perceiue when your hawke hath the Fistula by the running of her nares by the streaming down of the humors from her head For the which disease Martine alloweth this remedy Yée must cast your hawke handsomely and deplume her head behind in the backer part and annoint it w t butter and swines bloud together And you shall finde a vain that commeth downe to her eyes which you must cutt knit it againe with a red silke thréed anointing it well throughly with butter swines bloud for nine dayes together and then it will recouer her For the swimming in the head of a hawke IF your hawke gape much and beate her wings then bée yée sure that shée hath the swimming in the head The remedy whereof is this Take a fine néedle that is sharpe pointed and when yée haue well heat it in the fire pearce her nares with it through on
if a Goshawke or a Sparowhawke haue that disease so it bée not too sore giue it her no more but once But as for other hawkes that are of stronger mettall yée may giue it them thrice And when euening is come féed your hawke with a pullet or with mutton or with small birds and the next morning stéepe her meat in Goats milke or womans milke féeding her so three dayes together with small gorges and she shall be sound And if you will not or cannot vse the said receit yée may take a little oyle Oliue and somewhat lesse hony and wette your hawkes meate therewith for it is good to helpe that disease Some put the said things into a Hennes gut lied fast at both ends because a hawke wil take it the better and naturally she likes not oyle with her meat Master Michelin sets down another medicin which is this Take Lard marow of béefe Sugar clarified and once boiled and Saffron in powder of each a like quantity prouided that the larde bée first stéeped in vineger four and twenty howres and the water shifted thrée or foure times set abroad in the open ayre Of the which thinges confected together yee must make pyls of the bignesse of a beane whereof you shall giue your hawke one or two setting her in the sun or by the fire and féeding her with poultry or with muton allowing her but reasonable gorges four or fiue dayes together and giuing her maces as afore for they cannot but do the hawke great pleasure in euery condition and part Master Michelin teacheth another receit for this disease specially for Goshawkes and Sparowhawkes which I haue tryed oft Cut a shéepes heart in small péeces and when yée haue let it lie stéeping all night in asses milke goats milke or womans milke put a little boyld Sugar into the milke and gorge your hawke reasonably therewith three dayes together And assure your selfe that this medicise is very excellent for the Cray without danger for all maner of hawks M. Martin saith in auouchment of this matter that when a hawke cannot well mute with her ease it betokeneth and plainly sheweth y t shee hath the stone Cray For remedy whereof take the heart of a hogge a quantity of his sewet minced very small make them into powder together giue it the hawke in her meate thrée dayes successiuely Againe I haue séene some take the whit of an egge or the whole egge with a little saffron in pouder well coyled and beatē together which being bestowed vppon the hawkes meat hath cured her Mallopin sets down yet one other receit more Put the iuyce of water Cressyes in a Hennes gut of one inch long tyed at both ends and force your hawke to receiue it Which done set her in the sun or by the fire and féede her not till noone at which time giue her but halfe a gorge of hote meat because of the medicine which hath set all her body out of temper Let this be done two or thrée dayes and if you find the medicine to haue scowred taken much at the first of your hawke giue her lesse lesse and so shall she recouer The booke of Princes setteth downe yet one other remedy for the same disease that yée might put it in vre which soeuer liked you best Take a peny weight of Persly séed as much of Smallage séede a dramme of boyld sugar a peny weight of Stauesaker of wheaten bran one dram and halfe the shell of an egge Put them altogether into a good large posnet full of water séeth it till it be consumed to the one half then strain it through a cloth Then take of Cassia Fistula one dramme and of Turbith one peny weight of Hermodactils two peny weight of Aloes Cicotrine thrée peny weight Beat all these into fine powder put them into the water wherein the other mixture was boyled make thereof a Clister in the bladder of a Pigge Then take a great quill of a goose or of some other bird and thereof make the necke of your Clysterbagge fast tyed to the bagge that nothing may issue out of it and so giue your hawk the Clyster as you haue séene it giuen to men at their neede This done set your hawke in the Sun or by the fire and kéepe her empty till noone at which time giue her a pullets legge and so shee shall recouer no doubt For the disease called the Filanders which happen in the bodies of Hawkes and first of such as are in their gorge THe chiefe Falconers say that al hawks haue the Filāders at all times are neuer wtout thē like as it is said that no horse is without the Bottes There are foure kinds of Filanders and one other kind of Filanders of which I will speake hereafter in their due places And with all these sorts of Filanders some hawks are more pestered than other some The cause of thē is either their féeding on grosse foul meats which ingender increase those filanders in thē or els for that in flying eyther y e field or the riuer they breake some small veines within their bodies at the encounter by seazing too violentlie vpon their prey By reason wherof the bloud bursteth out into their bowels there drieth and clottereth whereof bréede the said Filanders in great aboundance Afterward by reason of y e stinch of the said bloud so clottered and bakte béeing corrupted putrified in the bulke because it is out of the proper vessels vains where it ought to be the Filanders run about séeking the cleanest places of the body to shun the said noysome stinch and créepe vp eyther into the hawks heart or into her gorge so as shée dyeth of it Again some men say that theyr hawkes die of the diseases of the head or of the Cray when in déed they die of the Filanders or which is worse of the Aignilles a kind of Filanders for which wee want an English terme I will speake first of those Filanders that craule vp to y e hawkes gorges and from thence to the holes in their palates whereat the hawkes doe breath and by them into their brains whereby they be in danger of death Ye may perceiue this inconuenience in the gorge by this that when you haue fed your hawke the Filanders féeling the swéetnesse taste of the flesh do stirre and craule about in such wise as you shall sée your hawk oftentimes gape By reason wherof it commeth to passe that now and then she casteth her gorge Again yée may know by this that your hawke will bee strayning at them with her talons Therfore cast her gently and looke into her throat and you shall sée them crawling there To kill the said Filanders M. Amè Cassian sayth thus take a great Radish roote and make a hole in it and fill it with water set it in embers verie hote putting fresh embers to it continually by the space of
vp on the fist of her keeper A Hawke will now and then fal to gaping eyther vpon her kéepers fist or vpon the pearch and specially when she is set in the Sun being somewhat hote And this gaping may bée vnderstood and construed two wayes The one is when shee doth it of her owne nature but that is not so oft as the other which commeth by mischance and that eyther of cold that she hath taken or of some moist humor that distilleth downe into her gorge Some are of opinion that the hawke which vseth it often is diseased with the Filanders which créepe vp downe in her gorge before shée be fed or after she hath indewed as I haue declared in the chapter of Filanders of the gorge The remedy by Master Amè Cassians aduise is to take the powder of wormeséede and of wormewood of each alike and one quarter lesse of Aloes Cicotrine and of these thrée powders mingled together to giue your hawke the mountenance of a Beane in her casting lapped vp in a Hennes skinne or in any such like deuise Of Apostumes that breed in Hawkes WHen a Hawke hath any Apostume in her body yée shall know it by the stuffing of her nares by her inordinate panting which accident commeth sometimes by rushing rashly into bushes or by bating too much vpon the pearch and moreouer by ouer frée encounter with her prey Now when shée is so bruised and chafed and taketh cold vpon it Apostums bréed therby because the mischiefe is not known and looked vnto aforehand Mallopin in his booke of the Prince giueth this remedy Take the white of an egge well beaten and the iuyce of Coleworts well bruised as much of the one as of the other giue it your hawke in the morning in the small gut of a hen and set her by a fire or in the Sun and at noon féed her with mutton or with a pullet The next day take Rosemary dried and beaten into fine powder and bestow it vpon her meat reasonably For other thrée dayes giue her sugar and thrée dayes next after that plie her again with her said powder letting her stand warme day and night and féeding her with good meat and the likelyhood is great she shall be recouered Of a Hawke that hath her Liver inflamed THe inflamation of the Liuer hapneth sometimes through the negligence of such as haue the kéeping of hawks For they féede them with grosse and naughty flesh such as is state and stinking without making of it cleane by means wherof procéedeth the said inflammation of the Liuer Also it hapneth for want of bathing when néede is for lacke of water which they ought to haue or with ouerfléeing of them when they be empty paneld Ye shall perceiue this disease by their féete for they will be chased and the colour of their chaps will bée changed and looke whitish through the heate of their Liuer And if yée find her tongue scorched and scalded blacke it is a signe of death To remedy this mischiefe make the medicin of snailes stéeped in Asses milk or Goats milk mentioned in the chapters of the diseases of the head of the stone and giue your hawks of it thrée or foure dayes in the mornings And if yée cannot get that medicin ye may vse the other that is made oflard marow of béef of boyled Sugar with a little Saffron four or fiue dayes together euery morning as is sayd before For the scowring of her will rid and abate her heat And all that while for seuen or eight dayes féed her with poultrie or with mutton stéeped in milke for milke is very good for the heat of the Liuer And you must beware you féed her not with Pigeon nor with other grosse flesh for bréeding her to inordinate heat M. Amè Cassian sayth yet further that to allay the said heat in hawkes it is very good to stéepe or wet their meat in Endiue or Nightshade water and likewise in white whey newly and lately made And that this maner of féeding must be continued foure or fiue dayes till the Hawke bee wel scoured And that if the hawke haue a desire to bouze the said whey ye must let her take her fill Master Amé Cassian saith moreouer that when your medicine hath scowred your hawk after that maner her tong is not aught in the better tune ye must take oyle oliue washt in two or thrée waters and bath her tong throat therewith with a feather thrée or four times in the day for four or fiue dayes together gently scrape her tong and throat with a deuise of siluer or of other mettell for y e purpose And although she nether cā féed nor will yet she must not be giuen ouer but haue meate gently conueied into her gorge by small morsels and thrust down low inough with a fine sticke that she may take it for she cannot swallow her meat by reason of the swelling of her tong therfore she must be assisted in maner aforesaid M. Michelin saith furthermore that to comfort and strengthen the liuer withall ye must stéep Rubarb in a dishfull of cold water all night and the next morning wash her meat therewith continuing so by the space of foure or fiue dayes together Martin giueth yet one other medicine which is this Take a Pullets gut thrice the length of your little finger cutting it in thrée péeces which you must tie fast at eyther end fill them with Oyle of Almonds or oyle oliue thrust them into her throat so as she swallow them one after another within an howre after gorge her reasonably with a young pullet And the next morning take the séedes of rushes and the scrapinges of Iuorie and the dung of Sparows of ech two peny weight and make thereof a powder and season your hawkes meate therewith and it will pleasure her And these two medicines are to be vsed when a hawke is not very fowle within for if shée bée then are the other former medicines better Of the Canker which breedeth of overgreat heate in the Liver IF a Canker happen in the throat or tongue of a hawke by meanes of the heate of the Liuer Make her the foresaide medicine of Snayles or that of Larde as it is deuised before giuing her her meat sowst in Milke or oyle of swéet Almonds or oyle Oliue and let the Canker be washt twice or thrice a day till it waxe white and ripe Then with your Instrument scrape it cleane away that nothing of it rewayne And if there happen to bée any dead flesh in it put powder of Alom or the iuyce of Lymons in it and plye it stil with the sayde Milke or Oyles till shee be throughly recured And to make new flesh grow vp againe put to it a little hony of Roses Of the Pantas of the gorge BEcause many men speake of the disease of the Pantas diuersly and yet know not what it is I will shew
of it as she lifteth but let her not eate past one of the legs at that time Afterward set her down on some hie thing with water by her and beware of giuing her any great gorge Then for foure or fiue dayes together giue her fiue or sixe cloues of maces lapped vp in a hens skin and that will recouer her Of the disease that is called the privie and hidden evill in a Hawke for which we haue no speciall tearme SOmetimes hawkes perish for want of knowledge of some secret disease that hapneth to them and therfore I will tell you how you shall know it The hawk that hath that disease is alwayes gréedy to féed insomuch that when yée haue giuen her a great gorge in the morning she will haue indewed it out of hand and if ye giue her another at noone she will put it ouer by by and if yée giue her the third at night she will dispatch that quickly also and the more shée féedeth the more gréedy nippie she is This disease commeth of this that when your Hawke is very poore low in state and you desirous to set her vppe quickly thinking to bring her in good plight with great gorges you féed her with Pigeons and other flesh which shée cannot indew by reason of her pouerty weaknes for want of heat in the liuer the heat whereof is the cause of all kindly digestion indewing Also you may know this disease by hir often muting which is watrish thin and besides she doth slise further thā she is wont to doe by reason of spéedy induing her meat M. Mallopin in his booke of the Prince sayth that for remedy of this disease ye must stéepe a shéepes heart cutte in small péeces all one night in Asses milke or Goats milke and the next day giue your hawk a quarter of it in y e morning for her beaching as much at noon the rest at night forcing her to receiue as much of the milke as ye can and continue it fiue or six daies together til ye sée her mute kindly Then féed her reasonably with good meat stéeped in oyle of swéet Almonds continuing it for thrée or foure dayes space twice a day And as ye find your hawke to mend so increase her meals by litle and litle till shee be in as good plight as she was before alwayes continuing the said Milke for some are of opinion that milke is good for all diseases of a Hawke Master Amè Cassian saith that to remedy this disease yée must take a tortois of the land and not a water Tortois and stéepe the flesh of it in womans milke Asses milke or Goats milke and giue your Hawke a quantity of it for a beaching thrée or foure times and a little more at her féeding times sixe or seuen dayes together Afterward féede her with shéepes hearts stéeped in womans milke by little and little at once till shée bée recouered and let her not stand in a dampish or moist place but in warme places in the winter and in coole places in Summer and alwayes hooded Of the disease and weakenesse in there ynes WHen your Hawk cannot iump the length of her lines and cryance to your fist or from your fist vp to the perch nor bate with her wings Ye may well thinke that shée hath the disease of the reines Therfore M. Cassian willeth you to chop a hares skin haire and all in very small and fine peeces and to mingle it with cats flesh and to féede your hawke with it seuen or eight dayes together and if shée indew it shée shall recouer of her disease Of Hawkes that haue the ague or Fever TO know whether your hawke haue the Ague Marke whether her féet bée more swollen than they were wont to bée or no if they be then hath she the ague To remedy this mischiefe Michelin sayeth you must mingle Arsenicke and Capons greace together well sprinckled with Vineger wherof you must make a little ball which you must cause your Hawke to take by casting her and vse it in such wise as shee may kéepe it and it will rid the Ague Of the Hawke that voydeth wormes IF a Hawke voyde worms by master Martins aduise yée must make this medicine following Take of the fine fylings of yron and strew it vpon your hawkes meat which if you doe well must be Porke and féed her so thrée or foure dayes with that kind of flesh so seasoned and it will cure her Of the Teynt in a hawkes feather and how many kinds of it there be HItherto yée haue read of the inward diseases of hawks Now I will tell you of the outward accidents and first will speake of the Teynt which the French Falconers call Taigne the Italians Zignuole and Tarmae whereof there are thrée sorts The first is when their principals or long Feathers begin to droppe off by meanes whereof many hawkes are marred and cast away without knowledge how to helpe it Master Amè Cassian sayeth that this commeth sometimes of the Liuer and of the excessiue heate of the body by meanes whereof small pimples rise vpon their winges or on their traines which afterward cause their Feathers to droppe-off and when they are gone the holes where they stood doe close againe where through the hawke doth perish if she bée not remedied This disease is contagious and one of them will take it of another and therefore yée must not let the Hawke that is affected with it stand neare a Hawke that is sound neyther must you touch or féed a sound Hawke on the Gloue whereon a sicke Hawke hath béene fédde And yée shall know that she hath that disease by her often picking with her beake vpon her principall feathers of her winges and traine and by their dropping away Therefore cast your Hawke and let her be well perused and yée shall finde the saide disease For remedy wherof Master Martin and M. Cassian say you must cast your Hawke and when you haue found the smal pimple whence the feather dropt first you must get a little sticke of Firre which is by nature gummy and fatte make a little pegge of it not sharpe at the forend nor thrust it in with violence but softly as you may And if ye can get none of that wood then take a graine of Barley and cutte off the forepoint of it and annoint it with a little Triacle or Oyle oliue and conuey it into the hole so as it may sticke a little out and the hole not close together and stoppe againe Then with a small Launce or Penknife you must slitte the pimple and let out the redde water which you shall find there After this take Aloes Cicotrine in powder and put it into the gall of an oxe coyled in a dish and with those two mingled together annoint the slit round about and beware that there come nothing in the hole where the feather grew for it might doe the hawke great harme This done take
trie the receits aboue mentioned till your hawke be throughly recured Of the swelling in the legges or thighes SOmetime a hawke hath her legs swellen and sometime her thighes not her legs that cōmeth eyther by ouer-laboring her selfe in fléeing or by ouermuch seazing her prey and by taking colde vpon it Also by like labour and bating the humors being stirred within her droppe downe to her thighes legs and thereof commeth this swelling Wherefore first let your hawke be scowred with the pylles made of Lard Marow Sugar Saffron then roste nine or ten egs hard in their shels when they be cold againe take the yolks of them breake them with your hand in an yron possenet ouer the fire Thē take an yron Laddle and stir them handsomely without ceasing and when ye see them become blacke that yée would thinke they were mard and burnt boile them still which done gather them together and presse out the oyle of them then heate them againe as before to presse out as much oyle of them as is possible and put it vp in a glasse And when yée mind to vse it for the said disease ye must take ten drops thereof put thereto thrée drops of vineger and thrée of rose-Rose-water and mingle them well together This medicine is singular good against all swellinges of their thighes legs feet and moreouer it supplyeth and mollifieth their sinewes But first yée must anoint the swellinges with a litle Adiantum and afterward with your oyle prepared as aforesaid till your hawke be cured Of the swelling in a hawkes foote which wee tearme the pin or pin Gout DIuerse times there rise vp knubs vpon the féet of hawks as vpon the féet of Capons which some call Galles and some Gouts They come sometimes of the swelling of the legs and thighes which I haue spoken of before or of other diseases that bréed of the aboundance of humors within the Hawke which must first be scowred with the last mentioned pilles thrée or foure dayes together And Master Amè Cassian sayth that when a hawke hath the said pinnes and gowtines in her féet ye must make round matches of paper as bigge as the agglet of a point and feare or cauterise the pinne round about And if the knub sticke farre out ye may slit it mannerly with a hote sharpe knife and put a little slice of fatte Lard into the slit to kéepe it open and set your Hawke vpon a little heape of very fine salt And if there grow any dead flesh it in lay the powder of glasse and two parts of Hermodactels vpon it and when the Sore is scowred annoint it with Swines grease and hony together alwayes laying salt vnder her feete to the end of your cure And to remedy the same Mallopin in his Booke of the Prince sayth that when a Hawke is gowty or hath the pin on her féete ye must take of Rew thrée ownces of Barberies three ownces of Colewort leaues three ownces of Oyle of Violets a reasonable quantitie of Turpentine two ounces of Shéepes sewet as much shall serue of the fatte of a yong Pullet one ownce and a halfe of Vergin waxe one ownce of masticke one ownce of white Frankincence one ownce of Opopaner one ownce and of Allom two ownces First straine out the iuyce of the saide Herbes brayed together then put thereto all your other mixtures made into powder Which done melt all your sewets together in a new earthen potte and put your iuyces and powders therevnto stiring them continually with a sticke ouer a soft fire and so cooling them by little and little whereby your vnguent will become perfect and you may kéepe it two yeares good And when yée occupie it spread it playsterwise vpon leather or linnen cloth laying it vpon the pin gowt remouing it each other day till it be whole for 15. dayes together And if the pin open not of it selfe slit it and open it with a little sharp lance of steele made hote then clense the filthie matter and quitture and so shall your Hawke recouer assuredly Maister Cassian setteth downe another good and wel tried receit for the same which is this Take a quantity of Turpentine halfe as much white Sope making the Sope into powder That done make ashes of vineshreds and take thereof somewhat lesse thā of the powder of the sope Set these thrée mixtures together vpon the coles in a new pot and stirre them softly with a sticke till they be incorporate together Thē make plaisters thereof and bestow them on the pume-gowte so as they may not fall off nor be remoued by the hawke shifting them euery two dayes till fiftéene daies be past and that the disease grow to maturation Alterward you may slitte the pinne drawing out all the matter and quitture cleane but let your launce be somewhat hote wherewith you slit it and if the pin open of it selfe it is better After this you must apply another playster of Draculum magnum which you shall find at the Apotecaries or it is a great drawer and if it haue any dead flesh in it lay a little Verdegréece to it for that is a corosiue and a fretter Martine sayeth that to soften the pinne on the hawks foot and to make it grow to a head yee must take the rootes of Flower deluce which beares the blew leafe drie it and beate it into powder and make thereof a salue with hony of Roses and lay it to the pinne till it be throughly whole Master Cassian sayth further that if your hawkes féete bée chafed and fall to swelling take the fyling of yron beaten into powder to the mountenance of a beane or twaine and the quantity of a beane of a gad of stéel fyled into powder and twice as much of the barke of an oake as of the fyling of yron of which barke of the Oke you must take away the vttermost part and of the rest make fine powder féered through a cloth When ye haue mingled all these powders together boyle them in a new pot with a potsle of good vineger to the consumption of a third part Then let it settle and put the cléerest of it alone by it selfe and the grounds of it also by it selfe in a long narrow bagge that the hawke may rest both her feet vpon it And with the water yée may vse to bath her féete euery day thrée or foure tymes a day Likewise yée must wet and refresh the bagge with the same water that the grounds may lie the closer vnder the féet of the hawke which must stand vppon it night and day till shée bée recured And truely this is good for all manner of griefes and swellinges of the féet Martin is of opinion that yée must take halfe an ounce of Aloes and the white of an egge with halfe an ounce and two penny weighte of Glew mingle them all together and put them in presse so as all may bée residence and make thereof a playster
which she had before for otherwise there would follow surfet and repleation than which there is no more dangerous euill It is no slender part of skill so to vse a Hawke in the mew as shée may be quit of all mishaps that befall her in the mewe if she be not well attended and regarded during the time she is in the mew The manner how to deale so with a Hawke in the mew as she may avoide the mischances of the mew which sundry times doe happen as wel diseases as other harms IT happeneth diuers times that when Hawkes are in the mew some doe mew well and some ill so as some of their owne nature and some by mishap doe fail to be diseased or otherwise breake their feathers and cast them not all the yeare long As touching this matter Master Mallopin in his booke of the Prince saith that when your Hawke meweth not well and kindly goe in May to a slaughter house where Sheepe are killed and take the kernels that are vnder theyr eares right against the end of the iaw-bone of the bignesse of an Almond Chop ten or twelue of those kernels verie small and giue them to your hawke with her meate finding the meanes by some way or other that she may receyue them and put them ouer And when she once begins to cast her feathers giue her no more of them Another way WHen ye mean to further the mewing of your Hawk take of the Snailes that haue shels stampe them shels and all straining them through a cloth and with the oyle that comes thereof wash her meate two or thrée times Also take of the snayles that lie in running streames giue your hawke of them in the morning for that will both scowre her and nourish her greatly and setteth her vp maketh her to mew apace Master Michelin in his booke of the King of Cipres saith thus Cut an Adder in two parts and séeth him in water and with that water and wheate together féede your Pullets Pigeons Turtles and other birds which you intend to allow your hawkes that are slacke to mew and soone after they shall mew their feathers apace M. Cassian saith that when a Falcon will not mew yée must take of Backs otherwise called Reremice and drie them so at the fire or in an Ouen as yee may make them into powder which you must bestow vpon your Hawkes meate Also take little sucking whelpes and féede your hawke with the flesh of them stéeped in the milke or renet which you shall finde in the mawes of them afterward shred the maw it selfe in small peeces and force her to take it and shée shall mew very well and timely Likewise all maner of liue birdes make a Hawke to mew well for it is their naturall féeding and therfore best for them Martin sayeth that to mew your Hawke well ye must set water by her once or twice a weeke and also rost Frogges in the fire making them into powder and bestowing it vpon her meate Likewise small fishes chopped and giuen with her meate do further a Hawkes mewing very much Thus doe the French Authors write I leaue them to your experience that list to follow the French fashion The maner of dyetting and keeping Hawkes in the mewe WHen ye intend to cast your Hawke into the mew yée must sée the mew very clean then furnish your hawk with all her implements setting her two or thrée times in the Sun taking good héede that her furniture of her legges bée not so streight and vneasie as she be driuen to be euer tearing at it Also you must cast her into the mew high lusty and in good plight well scowred and fed with good hote flesh Againe yée must now and then giue her small fishes specially to Goshawkes Sparowhawkes all other round winged hawks because those fishes be as my Author tearmeth them laxatiue and good to scowre setting them water twice or thrice a wéek For now then they will bowze by meanes whereof they discharge their bodies of humors and also their bathing in it maketh them the better penned and the firmer Young Rattes Mice and Swallowes are very good féeding for a Hawke for they â—ée nourishing meates and will kéepe the Hawke in good plight Therefore let your Hawke be mewed in a place that is cleane handsome and well kept for she will reioyce and delight greatly in it Thus haue ye the manner of mewing your hawke after the opinion of the French The manner of drawing Hawkes out of the Mew WHen ye draw your hawkes out of the mew yée had neede to take héede that they bée not too greasie for sometimes when they bée so and set vpon the fist vnhooded they so take on and heate themselues with bating that they break their greace within them putting themselues in great danger of death Wherfore my counsel is that all mewed hawks should be well attended and fed with washt meat fourtéene or fiftéene dayes before they bee drawne out of the mew to bréede resolution of glitte and grosse matter which is in their panels whereof they shall scowre the most part by doing as is aforesaid and so shall ye quit them of all danger Mallopin speaking hereof in his booke of the Prince saith that if a hawke bée huge and greasie when she is new drawn a man must not beare her vnhooded For yée may well vnderstand that if shée feele the sunne the aire or the wind she lightly falleth to bating and stirring by meanes whereof shée heateth her selfe inordinately and so runs in danger of death spoyle by taking cold vpon it Whereupon the Petty falconers and Nouices which know not what it meaneth say that the hawke perisheth by meane of her me wing and thorough default And therefore when a Hawke is to be drawne out of the mew shée must be well attended and lookt to that hernie at be washt and regard had that shée bée not ouergorged And if happily shée loose her appetite and list to féede take Aloes Cicotrine and the iuyce of Barberies and fores her to receyue it in the gut of a hen Which done hold her vpon your fist vntill she haue scowred kéeping her empty till noone At which time giue her some hote meat or bird and the next day giue her of a hen setting her water to hath assure your selfe that this medicine is good against all wormes and Filanders that may bréed in the body of a Hawke Mallopin sayth that wheÌ„ ye draw a hawke out of the mew yée must wash her meat féeding her therewith by little little and allow her such flesh as is laxatiue that she may haue the lesse ioy to kéepe it long or stand vpon it and to the end shée bée not proud or ouerhaught of her drawing out of the mew And there withall shée must be dayly plyed and borne on the fist Within few dayes after she is thus drawne ye must scowre her and enseame her with the foresaid