when other Medicines did nothing While you give intermitting Purges let the Body at other times be moistened with Baths or half Baths or Fomentations by which both the violence of the Humor is restrained and the Body made moister Also at those times you must use strengtheners which will also open Obstructions and they use to be made often like Opiates or a hard Electuary or Lozenges thus Take of Conserve of Bugloss Roots half an ounce Conserve of Borrage Flowers and Violets of each one ounce Conserve of Roses and candied Citron peels of each half an ounce one candied Myrobalan Confection Alkermes three drams Pouder of Ivory Harts-horn and Bezoar stone of each one dram Loetisicans Galeni and Diarrhodon Abbatis of each two scruples Coral and Pearl prepared of each half a dram Amber-greece half a scruple the best Musk five grains Gold three Leaves with Syrup of Apples and of candied Citrons make an Opiate of which give the quantity of a Chesnut two hours before meat every day drinking after it a little white Wine A plainer and better tasted Opiate is made of one part of Confection Alkermes and four parts of Conserve of Borrage Flowers And to open more powerfully if you fear no hurt by hot things add Conserve of Tamarisk flowers Elicampane Roots Wormwood Maiden-hair and the Salts of Wormwood and Tamarisk c. You may make Lozenges thus Take of Diambra Diamoschi dulce and Loetisicans Galeni of each one scruple Confectio Alkermes three drams Sugar dissolved in Borrage and Rose Water four ounces make Lozenges of two drams in weight gilded Let him take one every day two hours before meat Or you may make them more pleasant thus Take of Confectio Alkermes two drams Amber-greece one scruple Sugar dissolved in Rose Water four ounces Make Lozenges Amber-greece alone given five or six grains at a time every day with Wine or Rose Water doth cheer the Spirits and the Natural Heat and much rejoyce the Heart Some Authors do much commend the use of Bezoar stone against all Melanchollick Disease because it doth much strengthen the Heart and you may give five or six grains in Rose Water or other Liquor After the Body is well purged if it be Spring or Summer you may give Whey for fifteen or twenty daies which will open the Obstructions of the Bowels and amend the hot distemper Make it by boyling and clarifying it and putting into it every night two drams or half an ounce of Epithimum You must proportion the quantity according to the strength of the Stomach For if it can easily pass through the Veins being somwhat open and be sent forth by stool and urine it is good to give it in great quantities as Mineral Waters prescribed in the hot distemper of the Liver with this Caution That you strengthen the Stomach with Baggs and other things hereafter mentioned and give every day at evening a Cordial strengthening Opiate Instead of Epithimum you may mix with the Whey the juyce of Succory Borrage or of any other proper cool Herb thus Take of Goat Whey four or five pints the juyce of fresh Lemmons four ounces the new juyce of sweet Apples six ounces Conserve of Roses or Violets or white Sugar one ounce Clarifie these with whites of Eggs. Let him take every morning three or four more Cups thereof if his Stomach will bear it In Bodies that are very lean after the Obstructions are a little opened you may give Asses Milk with Sugar of Roses and if there be rumbling in the Hypochondria a little Aromaticum Rosatum or Diarrhodon Abbatis wil do very wel But your sharp and Vitriol Mineral Waters are beyond all Medicines which by correcting the distemper of the bowels do powerfully open Obstructions especially the warmest which do make the Humor thin and clense it There is great dispute among Authors concerning drinking those Waters Some with Sennertus do allow it because they receive Vertue from their Minerals and do thereby both clense the passages and send forth the filthy Humors which stick to them by stool and Urine they warm the Stomach and strengthen the Liver and Spleen And we may rather fear that these Waters wil hurt by the use of them external than internal by heating and drying Others with Claudinus do altogether deny them by reason of their drying quality Others with Montanus do neither altogether reject them nor wholly approve of them they say they are good by reason of the coldness of the Stomach which is alwaies in this Disease and by reason of Obstructions But in regard the Liver and Spleen are hot they wil have them defended with the cool Oyntment of Galen And also the Loyns for then saith he the water will not hurt because it staies longer in the Stomach and cold places but only passeth through other parts We suppose that the use of them is convenient if the Stomach being cold have much thick and clammy flegm in it and if the heat of the Liver be not very great Which part is not like to suffer if the aforesaid Oyntment be not only given but also cool Broths after the Waters and after they have been used enough cold and moistening baths for some daies Medicines made of Steel use to be of great Vertue to open these Obstructions such as are mentioned in the Obstruction of the Liver and of the Spleen avoiding those which do heat and dry much In hot bodies you may give Steel prepared with Brimstone or Vinegar with Conserve of Borrage and Succory made in the form of an Opiate For dainty folk the Syrup of Steel afore mentioned in the Obstruction of the Liver and Spleen is excellent or the Froth which remains in the Glass after the Evaporation of the Wine which hath been often steeled mixed with the aforesaid Conserves But Salt or Vitriol of sron goes beyond all Medicines because it opens Obstructions strengthens the Bowels and qualifies their heat The Dose is from twelve to twenty grains with a fit Liquor Syrup or Conserve But because it is displeasing to the taste I use to make it into Pils with the Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth You must use it long and therefore get a great quantity which is not easie to be got after the way that Beguinus and others make it We will shew you the easie way of making it which few men know Take of the Oyl of Vitriol or of Sulphur half a pint the Spirit of Wine one pint Put them in a new Iron Pan that is clean and cover them well within fifteen daies of them there will be a Salt-like gathering which you must set in the Sun to dry it throughly somtimes stirring it with an Iron Spatula In Winter you may dry it upon a gentle fire or in a Hot-house Let the Salt being well dried be kept in a close Glass for if it be exposed to the Air it easily turneth moist Also the Pills that are made thereof of Tragacanth must be hardened with the Pouder
for by so doing it is burnt The Preparation is thus made Take of Rhubarb one dram and an half infuse it in three ounces of Plantane Water some few hours strain it press it gently and then infuse it again in three ounces of new Plantane Water and dissolve in the straining half an ounce of Cassia make a Potion If you desire by reason of the abundance of crude Humors to Purge more then you may make Syrup of Roses or Diacatholicon or other mild things but beware of strong Somtimes a Vomit is very good if the Patient be inclinable and the Humors stand in the Stomach for it makes a revulsion of the Humors from the part affected Which Amatus Lusitanus wisely mentioned Curat 44. Cent. 2. in these words If the Physitian can draw upwards and cast out by Vomit a Humor that is Chollerick and sharp flowing to the Guts to make a Dysentery it would be contrary to the Precepts of Galen in his Book of Medicinal Art and Method of Cure to carry the matter by the Guts which are full of Vlcers But when the Physitian cannot do it although he ought to try his best skill he must then use Purges and especially Rhubarb This Hippocrates taught Aph. 15. Sect. 6. After a long flux of the Belly if Vomiting come of it self the disease is cured But Galen in his Comment upon this Aphorism saith That this is the example of those things which are done rightly by Nature which a Physitian ought to imitate And Mercatus confirms the same in these words Divert the Humors another way by bleeding if thou canst also purge and Vomit especially in salt flegm for thus we have seen old Dysenteries cured Angelus sala prescribeth this following Vomit in a Dysentery Take of Salt of Vitriol half a dram or a dram Syrup of Quinces and Bettony Water of each one ounce Cinnamon Water ten drams Mix them and drink it off There is great Dissention among Authors concerning Blood-letting in this Disease And it is the Opinion of the wisest that in a Feaver and Inflamation of the Intestines which is commonly joyned with an Ulcer that it ought to be in the beginning of the Disease before the strength be decayed by it for so there is a revulsion of Blood and sharp Humors flowing to the Guts And Valescus de Taranta and Amatus Lusitanus in an old Dysentery drew Blood Valescus saith That a very old man had a Dysentery three months I being sent for when other Physitians opposed it commanded a Vein to be opened he presently amended And Amatus saith thus That an honest Physitian went to a man who had a Dysentery thirty daies with a great Feaver and after the use of divers Medicines was brought very low and lean his flux continuing with much Blood and drew Blood from the Liver Vein of his right Arm and observe with what success Presently miraculously the blood stopped though his flux continued But by Clysters with Sugar and astringent Medicines both internal and external his belly was bound and he cured In the mean while give many Clysters first asswaging mild and clensing then glutinous and astringent and somtimes in one Clyster all together or most of them Mild gently and anodine Clysters that asswage pain are made of Milk either alone or with two or three yolks of Eggs or with the Mucilage of Fleabane Seeds and Quinces of each four ounces with Sugar or Honey of Roses one ounce Goats Suet one ounce or with Milk wherein Gold Iron or Flints have been quenched that the serous part may be consumed and so it may be more glutinous In want of Milk you may give Almond Milk or Barley Cream or Rice Milk alone or together as also the Broth of Mutton Chicken Capon or a Sheeps Head and mix the former things therewith It is usual to boyl Roses and the Herb Hors-tail with a Sheeps Head Or this following Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce clensed Barley or Rice one Pugil Lin-seed and Quince seed of each one ounce Fleabane seed half a dram Chamomel flowers one pugil Boyl them in Milk or Broth adding the Suet and Yolks of Eggs and other things before mentioned Or you may make it of Milk alone boyled with Marsh-mallow Roots at the first to clense and asswage the pain If the Pain be great you must mix Narcoticks as Philonium Persicum one or two drams Pils of Hounds-tongue one or two scruples Syrup of Poppies one ounce and an half Laudanum five or six grains in your Clysters If there be an Inflamation in the Guts which may be known by constant pain and increasing when it is touched also by a Feaver and dryness of the Tongue let blood again give Clysters of Rose Water with Salt of Lead and foment the Belly with Oxycrate or Wine and Water Also you may give Salt of Lead at the Mouth to ten grains with Conserve of Roses Clensing Clysters are made of Barley Water Bran red Roses Sugar or Honey of Roses But for the greater clensing and glutinating the Ulcer ad one dram of Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg. When the Ulcer is more foul you must use greater clensers as Beets Pellitory of the wal in the aforesaid Decoction The strongest Clensers are Centaury Wormwood Gentian Brine or Pickle from Galen 12. Meth. Cap. 1. and the like the use of which is now very rare Zacutus Lucitanus durst use Arsenick and yet with good success as you may see Obs 18. Lib. 2. of his Admirable Practice of Physick Some Chymicks use of the Oyl of Wax in Clysters one dram and anoint the Belly with the same To glutinate or heal up the Ulcer first use gently Dryers in Clysters and a little astringent then such as are more drying and binding Therefore make them first of Chalybeat Milk in which Roses have been boyled or of Barley Water or Water of parched Rice and red Roses one pugil adding to both Clysters two Yolks of roasted Eggs somtimes Honey of Roses and when you will have it work better one ounce of the Juyce of Plantane To bind and glutinate more make it thus Take of the Roots of Comâ—bry and Mullein of each one ounce Plantane and Comâ—bry leaves of each one handful red Roses and parched Barley of each one pugil Myrtles two drams Make a Decoction in Cistern Water in one pint of the straining dissolve of Honey of Roses one ounce one white of an Egg or one ounce of the Mucilage of Gum Traganth Goats Suet two ounces the Juyce of Yarrow and Knot-grass one ounce Make a Clyster Take of Snakeweed Roots or Tormentil one ounce and an half Shepheards-purse Knot-grass Horstail and Mousear of each one handful Pomegranate flowers Acorn cups Cypress Nuts of each two drams parched Rice one pugil make a Dcoction in Forge Water in a pint of the straining dissolve two ounces of the Juyce of Plantane and two Yolks of roasted Eggs. Make a Clyster Angelus sala wonderfully commends the
joyned with Earth like themselves by the force of the efficient cause they may be stones So we see in Wines turned to Tartar but Tartar calcined goes all into Salt which shews that it is chiefly made of Salt So in Urines that have much Salt especially in those which have slimy matter we see a tartarous Matter cleaving to the glass This Salt Matter which is mixed with the Urine comes from Meat and Drink so affected and they are cast forth in a sound Body nor are they retained in the Reins when the efficient Cause is absent We have called the efficient Cause Spiritum Lapidisicum or a Spirit that makes a stone Fernelius calls it a stony disposition which is in the Reins commonly Haereditarily But we like the foremost Title best For first some have stones which have them not Haereditarily if they eat or drink things that breed them because in them there is both the Material and Efficient Cause therefore the Hermets impute the Efficient Cause of stones to their proper seeds which in a Matter rightly disposed produce their form Moreover Many Histories shew that Stones come from a Stone making Spirit of Men Beasts and other things turned into Stones by a Breath or Spirit out of the Earth So in Aventinus lib. 7. Annal. Bavar an 1343. that more than fifty Country men and their Cows were turned into Stones And so saies Ortellius in his Description of Russia of whol Heards of Cattel So also Camerarius reports of a South wind that bloweth some times of the yeer in the Province of Chilo in Armenia by the blasts whereof whol Troops of Horses are suddenly turned into Statues of Stone and stand in the same rank and file in which they were This Stone making Spirit is not only in the Reins of those which have this Disease but also in the Juyce of those things that are eaten and drunk separated from them so that somtimes both come together Hence it is that some that eat but any Meats that incline to the breeding of the stone do presently produce it because there is a Stone-breeding disposition or Stone-making Spirit in their Reins But if their Reins be free from this Spirit such meat will not breed stones because their stone-making force is not strong enough without the assistance of the Reins to convert that matter into stone On the Contrary if the stone-making power be greater in the meats that are taken and they are often eaten stones will be bred although the Kidneys have no such disposition or stone-making Spirit So we see in divers places where the Water or Wine are full of stone-making juyce the greatest part of the Inhabitants are subject to the stone as we may see in Ovid concerning the Thracians in these Verses The Thracian Waters all things Marble make Their Guts turn Stone that inwardly them take And contrary If there be that stone-making vertue in the Kidneys it makes stones of any nourishment though never so wholsom So about three yeers since I saw one who for three or four months voided more than twelve little stones every day by Urine when all that while he kept his bed very sick and fed only upon Broth and Panadoes The Antecedent and Primary Causes either respect the supply of Matter for the stone or the constitution of the Reins by reason whereof the stones do more easily grow The Stomach Liver Spleen and Reins do much cause the breeding and heaping up of Matter for the stone chiefly the Stomach if it do not wel concoct there is a crude Chyle brought to the Liver and from thence impure and Earthy Juyces are sent with the Serum or Water into the Reins A hot liver doth bake the Chylous Matter and makes it fit to breed a stone as also being too cold it makes crude blood most fit for the same purpose A Spleen weak or stopped or otherwise disturbed doth not sufficiently purge the drossie part of the blood but sends part of it to the Reins which will more easily be turned into a stone And lastly the Reins besides their conjunct cause which is a stony disposition are an Antecedent Cause in two respects namely in respect of their Temper and of their Form In regard of their hot Temper they more violently draw the Stone-making Matter and thicken it more but in respect of their Form they are an Antecedent Cause if the Emulgent Veins are more loose so that that thick and Tartarous Matter may be more easily received into the Reins or if the Ureters and those Vessels that send the serous Matter to them be too narrow so that the thick Matter hath not a free passage but is retained in the Reins Thick and slimy Nourishment doth chiefly afford Matter for the Stone such as are full of Salt as Beef Pork Hairs Geese or things dried in the Smoak or poudered as Salt-fish Shel-fish Eeles Pulse Chees and all Milk meats hard Eggs Chesnuts Pears Quinces Medlars unleavened Bread and Rice thick Wine sharp or black or new Wine not purged standing Waters and such as are full of stone-breeding Juyce To these add very hot Meats as Pepper Ginger Garlick Onions old strong Wine which makes the Liver and Reins too hot too strong Diureticks which carry the Matter that will cause the Disease too violently to the Reins thick Garments Down Beds Baths inordinate Lechery which is a great Enemy to the Reins violent Exercue especially after meat too much feeding or long fasting great anger and other passions The Signs of the Stone taken by themselves are equivocal and common to other Diseases but if you consider them all together you may have certain Knowledg by them The First Sign is a fixed pain about the Loyns somtimes heavy when the Stone is fastened to the substance which being of a dull sence hath a weighty pain but as often as the Stone gets into the Head of the Ureters then it causeth a sharp and pricking pain and this is called the Nephritical pain or pain of the Reins and it continueth while the stone is there neither will it cease to torment the Patient till the stone get into the Cavity of the Bladder or turn back into the hollow of the Kidneyes The Second Sign is bloody Urine which comes from the opening or corrosion of the Veins which are dispersed into the substance of the Reins which comes from the rubbing of the Stone that sticks in the substance but if there be but little blood voided being mixed with Urine it looseth its color so that the Urine looks like a Lye This Sign is not alwaies but somtimes depends upon other causes But when it doth appear it is one of the chief which distinguisheth the Stone from the Chollick It useth to be caused by riding much walking and other violent exercise for then the stone if it be rough and snaggy being removed from its place doth cut and tear the tender Flesh of the Kidneyes The Third Sign is thin Urine
Gradi who relates the same thing to have befallen his own wife And other Examples taken out of Dodonaeus Thadaeus Dunus and other VVriters do testifie the like Cases and we see the same often in the course of our Practice Whereunto may be added a History which we shall in the Cure relate out of Solenander of a woman who by means of a Fumigation made of Nutmegs let wind fly out of her Womb which gave a report like a Pistol And Examples of Water contained in the Womb are propounded by the said Sennertus out of Rhasis who saw a woman out of whose Womb there flowed twenty five Cotila's of water which is a Measure not used with us containing about half an Ale Pint. Also out of Jacobus de Partibus and Dodonaeus who relate such a like Story And Vesalius Dissected or Anatomized a woman in the hollowness of whose womb were found above sixty Ausburg Measures of water each Measure containing three pints and the mouth of her womb was grown to a wonderful hardness And that water is somtimes contained in the womb in bladders many Authors do testifie who have seen examples thereof in some women who voided such bladders ful of water from their wombs among the rest Aetius Valeriola Christopherus a Vega Mercatus Platerus and Fabricius Hildanus Somtimes also women with Child have a Dropsie at the same time in their wombs as Fabricius Hildanus relates of his own wife whose Belly was swelled to a monstrous greatness and at the time of her delivery she voided first of all eighteen pints of water and half an hour after nine pints more and at last she was delivered of a Boy strong and healthy The like case we find in Skenkius but with a contrary event concerning a woman who being delivered of a living Child continued stil big-bellied and her belly growing stil greater and greater she died of it and her womb being opened a great quantity of water was found therein Finally Fernelius hath an Example in the sixth Book of Diseases Chap. 15. of water retained in the womb only by reason of the close shutting of the mouth of the womb without any other fault therein The story is of a woman that had a Dropsie in her womb who as often as she had her monthly Purgations voided al her watry Excrements out of her womb filling six or eight Basons with a very hot yellowish water til the swelling of her belly was wholly abated The next month the like redundancy of watry Excrements being collected was in like manner evacuated The immediate Cause of the windy and watry Swelling of the womb is the weakness of Natural heat residing in the Liver or Spleen and from those parts wind flegm or wheyish humors are transmitted into the womb or the weakness is in the womb it self whereby the said Excrements are therein collected and heaped together And the Causes which weaken Natural heat either directly or by accident are very many and the chief are of those things which are collected by Physitians Res non Naturales things not Natural So cold air especially after Child-birth heedlessly received into the womb is a most effectual cause of this infirmity Also cold Air unseasonably received when the Courses flow and going frequently into cold water or padling in the same especially during the said flux is a cause thereof So is much use of cold Meats or windy as fruits Herbs Beans and Pease and likewise of Vinegar Cold water plentifully and unseasonably drunk down long and deep sleep painful childing and abortion especially if it often happen immoderate flux of the Courses exhausting the Natural heat or their suppression choaking the same Add to these the proper Diseases of the womb as swellings ulcers and such like which do resolve the heat of the part or else shut the mouth of the womb and hinder the egress of Menstrual blood and excrementitious humors In the Discovery of this Disease many things are to be considered First How this particular Dropsie of the womb may be known and distinguished from that of the whol Body Secondly How the several sorts of this Womb-Dropsie may be discerned as whether it come from wind from wheyish Humors or from flegm Thirdly Whether it proceed primarily from some infirmity of the womb or by fault of some other parts of the Body Fourthly Whether the Matter offending be contained in the Cavity of the womb or between its Membranes or in certain Bladders Fifthly How to distinguish it from other Tumors of the womb Sixthly How from being great with Child Seventhly How it may be known from a Mole As for the First Question It is distinguished from an Universal Dropsie of the Belly in that the Womb-Dropsie swels chiefly the lower part of the Belly whereas the universal Dropsie distends equally the whol Belly in all the parts thereof Again In the Womb-Dropsie paleness and falling away of the flesh of the whol body are not so soon discerned as in the universal Dropsie in which also for the most part there is evident thirst and driness of the tongue which are not found in the womb-Dropsie in which al other Symptomes are likewise far more gentle than is usual in the universal Dropsie In a word In the Womb-dropsie some wind breaks out of the womb by fits or a little water comes away which evidently declare that wind or water are contained in the womb To the second Question we Answer thus That the sorts of Womb-Dropsies may be known from one another after this manner If it arise from wind the lower part of the belly being struck gives a sound the belly is afflicted with pricking paines which reach somtimes as far as the Midrif Stomach Loyns and other parts somtimes wind breakes evidently out of the neck of the Womb. Likewise women often feel their Wombs riseing like a Globe towards their stomachs Somtimes their breath is short and the sick woman when she awakes out of sleep oftentimes is much troubled to fetch her wind After all meat and drink whatever they are worse They often belch and their belchings give them ease They are oft troubled with Womb fits or suffocation of the Mother Somtimes they are pained below the navel so as they cannot endure to be touched Those Signes do also appear in the Inflation or Blowing up of the Womb with wind which differs from this Disease as was said before only in this that the Inflation is of less durance but a Dropsie of wind continues a far longer time But if the Wombs Dropsie arise from a wheyish Humor the Region thereof appeares soft and flaggy whereas wind stretches it stif there is a greater heaviness in the part and a noyse as of water flowing this way and that way some water now and then drops from the Privity And finally if it arise from flegm the softness and flagginess of the part will be yet greater and encrease daily more and more and the bordering parts as all under the
yet so that such as respect the most predominant Humor be put in the greatest Quantity For the more nice and dainty soft of Patients Medicinal broaths are prescribed instead of Juleps and also that the sick may not grow weary of the same kind of Medicine too long used and these broths are made of such of the Roots and Herbs aforesaid as are most pleasant to the tast with a chick or part of an Hen of Capon unto which somtimes may be added one dram of Sal Prunella or some drops of spirit of Vitriol when we would have it more cooling than ordinary Howbeit in slow and long lasting Feavers caused by rebellious obstructions hard to be cleared Germander though bitter and Cichory Endive and Dandelyon though bitter may be boyled in Broaths and Montanus in his Counsels doth cry up Cichory and Germander boyled in Broaths as an admirable Remedy for such as have a long Feaver with obstructions In Feavers from flegm a Decoction of Chamomel is excellent Zacutus Lusitanus Observat 26. in the third Book of his Praxis admiranda Also emulsions or Almond-Milks are very good in putrid Feavers and are commonly more pleasing than Juleps They are most in use when the Feaver is Joyned with a dry distemper of the Bowels or a thin Catarrh or an Inflamation of the Lungs and Parts serving to breath withal or for variety least the Patient should be over tired with continual use of Juleps Now the Composition of these emulsions hath been described in the foregoing cures Cold Water given in great Quantity in continual putrid Feavers was wont to be in use among the antients and is commended by very many latter Physitians But as we said the use here of was dangerous in the simple Synochus so in this Case we think the discreet Physitian shal do best to for bear the same for the reasons we delivered in our Chapter of the simple Synochus Yet will it be somtimes good in extream heat of a Feaver to give a good draught of cold Water to ten or twelve ounces with a few drops of Spirit of Vitriol For hereby somtimes the same effects are wrought which Galen attributes to cold Water being drunk the quantity of three or four pints at a time When as notwithstanding there are none of those dangers to be feared which Galen himself confesseth did somtimes happen upon the preposterous drinking down of so great a quantity of cold Water as he adviseth For the Spirit of Vitriol causeth that the Water breeds no Obstructions but rather opens the same quickly piercing and passing through the Bowels not biding in the Hypochondria's as plain and single cold Water is wont to do but is very like the acid Mineral Fountains and Wells which though they are drunk in great quantity do not lie heavy in the parts about the short Ribs but are quickly pissed forth and very good against Obstructions To strengthen Nature which in every violent Feaver is much dejected Electuaries are good and strengthening Conserves and Preserves compounded of Conserve of Roots of Bugloss Leaves of Sorrel Wood-sorrel Stalks of Lettice Flowers of Bugloss Borrage Violet Cichory and Roses Pulp of Citrons Whereunto are added the Pouders of Coral Pearls Ivory Harts-horn Diamargaritum frigidum Diatriasantalon Diarrhodon Abbatis Confectio Alkermes de Hyacintho which are commonly after this manner compounded Take Conserve of Flowers of Borrage Bugloss Roses of each an ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram and an half Pouder of Diamargaritum frigidum Ivory Coral prepared and Pearls prepared of each ten grains Sugar of Roses the weight of all the rest three Leaves of beaten Gold Make of all an Electuary covered over with Gold of which let the Patients take often by it self out of a spoon drinking a little of their ordinary Drink after it or mingle sâ—me of it with their ordinary Drink and with their Broths Take Conserve of Cichory Sorrel Lettice and of the sharp Pulp of a Citron of each half an ounce Pouder of yellow Sanders and of Pearls prepared of each one scruple Spirit of Vitriol half a scruple With Syrup of Violets make all into an Electuary Take Conserve of the Flowers of Bugloss Roses and Violets of each one ounce Waters of Endive Sorrel and Borrage of each three ounces Mix them together let them stand over the warm Embers and heat then strain the Liquor through a searse then add Confectio Alkermes two drams Pouder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum half a dram Coral prepared Pearls prepared and Shavings of Ivory of each one scruple Syrup of Lemmons and Pomegranates of each three ounces Mix all give one spoonful at a time For the more dainty and nice sort of People in great debility of Natural strength this following Julep very pleasant to the tast may be compounded Take Waters of Sorrel Orange flower and Roses of each one ounce and an half Syrup of Lemmons and Pomegranates of each one ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram mix them Let the Patient take hereof frequently in a spoon Altering Medicines having been used for some daies together and such as prepare bad Humors when the Feaver begins to decline we must set our selves to purge out the said Humors when the signs of Concoction do appear avoiding the Critical daies And this must be done with Medicines a little stronger than those which were given at the beginning of which sort are Senna Rhubarb Agarick Catholicum duplex and such like whose Matter and Dose must by the skilful Physitian be accommodated to the Humors offending and the Nature of the Patient And some Physitians are so bold as to proceed to Scammoniate Medicaments as Diaprunum solutivum Diaphoenicon Electuarium de succo Rosarum Diacarthamum Which notwithstanding are very seldom to be used in continual Feavers because Scammony is wont very much to inflame the Humors and to cause vehement thirst and that especially in burning Feavers in which Scammoniate Medicaments are very hurtful Yea verily and Rhubarb it self although a gentle and most excellent Medicament is by some suspected as not safe in very Chollerick Feavers because of its notable heating and drying faculty Howbeit the hurtful faculty thereof may in great part be corrected by infusing the same in Cooling Waters and by mingling therewith a Decoction of Tamarinds and cooling Herbs and by adding thereto Cassia Syrup of Roses Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb and such like If the Feaver do stil continue Purgation must be ever and anon repeated using between whiles preparatives digestives til the whol seminary of evil humors be taken away For otherwise if we cease Purging before the Feaver be perferctly abated and gone the Patient wil be in danger of a Relapse Yet this Rule needs some restriction For if after many Purgations a lingring feaver continues which doth by little and little pine the Patients and seem to cast them into a Consumption it will be the best course to leave Purging and seek to conquer the Feaver only
a wet spunge Secondly A special care is to be had of Diet for as Hippocrates saith in his Book of Humane Nature Diseases are partly from Diet and partly from the Air wherein we breath Therefore let the Diet be of good Juyce easie concoction neither cold nor over nourishing Therefore Mutton Kid Veal are to be used and which are better young Pidgeons Chickens Capons Hens Partridges Black-birds Thrushes and all kind of Mountain Fowl and Yolks of new laid Egs roast Meats are better than boyled Take heed of hard flesh and of hard concoction as Beef Pork Venison Hares Geese Ducks and Sea Fowl as also of the Heads Entrals and Appurtinances of Beasts Eat Fish but seldom and make choyce of those which have solid Flesh coming out of swift Rivers and stony places boyl them in Wine adding Vinegar Butter and Spice which Sawce is to be allowed with other meat unless the Liver be over hot of which principally use Nutmeg Cloves Cinnamon never or seldom eat cold and moist Herbs as Lettice Purslain Spinage but in Summer time we can allow a moderate use of Herbs which are gently cooling and drying for the strengthening of the Body and fixing the Blood that it may not evaporate as Endive Succory Sorrel but they must be taken boyled not raw Roots of Parsly Carrots Parsnips Mints Hysop Water-cresses are very good But you must avoid all things that easily disturb the Head and fill it with vapors and they are of two sorts Either they are such as discuss and melt the Humors with their sharpness as Onions Garlick Mustard Rocker Rhadishes or such as fill the Head with gross vapors as Milk and all Milk meats All manner of Pulse as Beans Pease c. of which the red Pease are the least hurtful by reason of their opening and abstersive nature therefore the broth of them is allowed You must avoid all green raw Fruit which are not lasting especially and those which are very moist dryed Fruits may be used at second or last courses as Raisons Almonds Pine-nuts Dates and the like but you must use them sparingly for they are for the most part hard of concoction Pears boyled and Sugared Citron Rinds Candied Lemmon and Orange Pills Candied may be eaten at the last course but it is much better to take one spoonful of digestive Pouder after meat whose Aromatical sweet vapor ascending with the vapor of what is eaten doth strengthen and dry the Brain It is made of Coriander Fruit Annis seeds Cinnamon Nutmeg with a double quantity of Sugar of Roses Let your Bread be of the best Wheat wel baked and leavened and made with Salt and Annis seeds in a great distemper Bisket is best Let your drink be thin wine of smal strength which wil not fill the Head with many vapors wel mixed with Water and also it is profitable one hour before meat to mix wine and water that the vapors may be allayed and to boyl a little Coriander seed in the water that it may better strengthen both Stomach and Brain in stronger Diseases use Hydromel or Water and Honey This is a good Rule in all Diet To eat moderately and to let the Supper be less and lighter than the Dinner Sobriety as in all Diseases so especially in Head-Diseases is of great concernment for the Head by much food is filled with Humors and Vapors and contrarily by little and slender Diet it is emptied of them Thirdly You must use moderate Exercise and every day continue it for too much rest weakens the Natural heat and makes it so dull that it cannot well concoct and fills the Body full of Excrements On the other side Motion and Exercise stir up the Natural heat help Concoction expel Excrements and cheereth the Spirits and purifieth them but you must exercise before meat and after meat rest for an hour or two or at least move very easily Fourthly Use a mean in sleep and waking for as with moderate sleep the strength is repaired so with too long the Body is made cold burdened with excrements especially the Brain but too much watching makes the Body thin spends the Spirits and feeds upon the sound parts of the Body Let not therefore sleep be too long but according to custom commonly seven hours are allowed but more or less may be taken according as age and custom shall require if you offend in either extream it is better to offend in too much waking than in too much sleep You must not sleep straight after meat but two hours after at least having taken a gentle walk You must sleep with your head high and upon one side lying on the back is not allowed Fifthly Al the Excrements of the Body are to be evacuated in their season of the Brain especially therefore every morning hawk from the Pallat blow the Nose comb and rub the Head with a course cloth or spunge which will fetch the superfluities of the Brain through the sutures or seams of the Skull The Belly must be kept open and if it will not otherwise use a Suppository or a Clyster or some gentle Lenitive at the Mouth For the Excrements are not only taken away by so doing but also by degrees somthing is fetcht from the Brain or at least somthing is reteined and derived thereby from the Head which was or would have been sent thither as to the weakest part Lastly You must have special care of the Passions of the Mind from which our bodies are many times wonderfully altered and disturbed especially of Anger and Sorrow Sorrow diminisheth the Natural heat wounds the Spirits whence comes smal concoction and many Excrements Anger makes a great boyling of the Blood and motion of the Spirits by which the Humors are diffused and dissolved and then if there be any Excrements in the Brain presently they are sent to the weak and infirm parts from whence arise many dangerous Diseases The other two Means for Cure namely Chyrurgery and Physick may be used as followeth In almost all Diseases which come of the Humors we use to make a general Evacuation by Blood-letting and Purging Blood-letting is not agreeable with Flegmatick Diseases but if in other parts of the Body Blood do abound the Liver be inflamed and the age of the Patient be flourishing and consistent with it we may then let blood for so will the ascention of vapors into the head be hindred and superfluous Nourishment taken away that Nature afterwards may more easily concoct what is raw and waterish in the blood and then purging Medicines may be given more safe But if Plethora or two great repletion do not Constrain it is better before blood-letting to give a purge for Flegm by way of Potion Bolus Pills or Pouder The Forms whereof are as followeth Take of Senna half an ounce Annis seeds and Cloves of each half a dram Leaves of Mints and Bettony of each half a handful of the tops of Time half a pugil Boyl them to a quarter of a
pint in Spring Water strain it and infuse in it two scruples of the best Agarick Trochiscated of Cinnamon half a scruple strain it again and dissolve in it three drams of Diaphoenicon and one ounce of Syrup of Roses Let this be the Potion to be given with safe Government Or Take Diacatholicon and Diaphoenicon of each half an ounce make it into a Bolus with a little Sugar You may ad two drams of Diacarthamum and take away as much of the Diaphoenicon or you may make it of equal parts of Diacarthamum and Diaphoenicon without the Diacatholicon Or Take Pill Cochie the less two scruples with the Water of Bettony make them into five or six Pills gilded which let him take early in the morning having eaten but a light supper over night The Pills of Agarick and of Cochie the greater are very fit for this purpose For a Pouder Take Senna Turbith Hermodacts of each a scruple Diagridium half a scruple one Clove Give this pouder in Broth fasting After Blood-letting if it be necessary we come to the preparation and purging of the Humors which may be done with the following Apozeme or opening Drink Take the Roots of Cyprus Flower-de-luce Angelica Zedoary and of Elicampane of each one ounce the Leaves of Bettony Marjoram Balm Penyroyal Organ Calaminth of each a handful of the tops of Time and Sage of each half a handful Annis seeds Seselis or broad Cummin Fennel seeds of each three drams Liquoris scraped and Raisons stoned of each one ounce the Leaves of Senna sprinkled with Aqua vitae two ounces Carthamus seeds bruised and fresh Polipody of the Oak of each one ounce Agarick trochiscated Turbith Hermodacts of each three drams Ginger and Cloves of Each one dram Stoechas Rosemary Sage and Lavender Flowers of each one Pugil or smal handful Boyl them in fair Water to two pints strain it and ad four ounces of white Sugar clarifie it and aromatize it that is make it sweet with two drams of Cinnamon let this be for four morning draughts In the first and last draught dissolve of Diacarthamum or Diaphoenicon three drams and let him drink it with Physical Regiment Or if you ad no Electuary to the last dose the day following you may give the purging Pills above mentioned After Purging that the Brain may be altered and strengthened and the Medicines purging not leave any offence the Patient may take this Bolus following Take of old Treacle one dram Conserve of Rosemary and Roses of each two scruples with Sugar make a Bolus which let him take in the morning two hours before meat and drink after a smal draught of smal Wine But because this is a stubborn Disease and will not alwaies yield to gentle Medicines we must fly to stronger And then after Purging we must use a sweating Diet which dries and warms the Brain and the whol Body concocts crude and raw humors makes the thick humors thin cuts those which are slimy and clammy clenseth those that are foul and dul and sends forth whatsoever is over moist by Urine Sweat or insensible transpiration For the effect of all which it is very good to use a slender Diet at the time of taking it This Diet drink may be made either of a Decoction of Guajacum or Lignum vitae only or by putting to it some Sassaphras or Roots of Sarsaparilla or those things which are most proper for the Head as the Prudent Physitian shall think fit that wil consider the divers tempers and constitutions of Bodies in respect of which he will prescribe a longer or shorter continuance of this Diet to fifteen twenty or thirty daies Now the Sweating drink is made as followeth Take of Chips of Guajacum and Roots of Sarsaparilla of each two ounces infuse them twenty four hours in four pints of Water upon warm â—mbers then boyl them gently without smoak to the consumption of half strain it through a Hippocras bag and keep it in a glass bottle and give half a pint warm in the morning covering him warm and provoking sweat Take of Sarsaparilla two ounces infuse them twelve hours in twelve pints of Spring Water then boyl them as before to the consumption of the fourth part strain as before adding Coriander seeds Liquoris Sugar or Cinnamon as much as will make it pleasant Use this for ordinary Table Drink at the time of the Diet eating Bisket made with Annis seeds roast Meat not boyled Almonds roasted Raisons Pinenuts Prunes boyled with Sugar and the like This is alwaies to be observed in the use of Sudorofick or Sweating Medicines You must give a Purge once a week and that day omit sweating by reason that sweating expels only the thinner matter leaving the thick which must be sent forth by stool Moreover because by the use of sweating Medicines the Body is often bound you must give a Clyster every third or fourth day If the Disease be not yet cured you may use these bags for the Head in the time of sweat Take of Annis seeds Fennel seeds Bay-berries poudered of each three ounces of Milium or Millet seed or Hyrse one pound of common Salt half a pound Fry them in a Pan powring by degrees a little strong Wine upon them With these fill two bags apply them hot one after another to the mold of the head being shaven do this presently after he hath taken the sweating Potion Then wipe off the sweat and clap this strengthening Plaister to the Head Take of cleer Amber Frankinsence Mastick of each one dram and an half Galbanum Opopanax of each one scruple of Misselto of the Oak two drams male Peony seeds half a dram Oyl of Nutmegs as much as is sufficient Make a Plaister of them in an oval form Or you may use the head strengthening Plaister in the Apothecaries Shops at Mountpelior not in the Dispensatory whose description followeth Take of Storax Benjamin Laudanum of each four ounces Peony roots Flower-de-luce roots Misselto of the Oak Mastich of each one ounce liquid Styrax as much as is sufficient to make a Plaister of which one ounce upon Leather in an oval form may be applied to the Coronal Suture If you desire a more drawing dissolving Plaister which is commonly called Epispastick thus you must make it Take of Emplaster de Mucilaginibus two ounces Flower-de-luce roots Hermodacts Pellitory of Spain Staphisagre Cubebs Pidgeons dung Mustard seed of each one ounce Nutmeg Cloves Cinnamon long Pepper and black Pepper of each half a scruple Liquid Styrax as much as is sufficient Make a Body of Plaister and spread a little upon Leather in an oval form for the mold of the head After General Evacuations you may come to Particulars which are made by Errhins or Juyces for the Nostrils sneezing pouders Apoplegmatisms or Medicines chewed in the Mouth Take Leaves of Marjoram Sage and Bettony of each one handful beat them in a Marble stone Mortar sprinkling by degrees Bettony Water and white Wine
few hours after bleeding you must purge without respect of time Neither let the Physitian be too curious or fearful in purging since the Disease doth much require it and the time of the disease is not usually long And that purge ought to be very strong because the humor is stubborn and the Sences so drowned that they cannot be rouzed or stirred up without strong Medicines And that Medicine is usually one ounce of the Electuary Diacarthamum dissolved in Bettony Water with half a scruple of Castor Or Take Turbith four scruples Agarick two drams Ginger two scruples Fennel seeds one scruple Castor six grains Infuse them in a sufficient quantity of Bettony Water and in three ounces of it strained dissolve the Electuary Diacarthamum three drams Syrup of Roses one ounce Let him drink it Take of Cochie Pills the less one dram Castor three grains With Bettony Water make seven Pills and if the party cannot swallow them dissolve thâ—â— in Sage Lavender or Bettony Water Or Take of Cochie Pills the greater and Pills of Agarick of each half a dram The Troches of Alhandal Diagridium and Castor of each three grains With Honey of Rosemary make Pills or dissolve it in Sage Water Or this Potion Take of Senna half an ounce of white Agarick one dram and an half of Turbith one dram of Ginger and Galanga half a dram Boyl them in Sage and Rosemary Water In two ounces and an half of the strained Liquor put two drams of Diacarthamum the Electuary and of Castor half a scruple of simple Oxymel half an ounce In a Lethargy the purging Medicines must be milder from the beginning by reason of its continual Feaver accompanying made of Agarick with Rhubarb or Scammony or of Pills of Hiera with â—garick because Choller is that which carrieth the humors to the Head Yet in the progress of the Disease when the matter is flown to the Head and sticks there we may use the Purges above written Trallianus gives one scruple of Scammony with two scruples of Castor in Oxymel by which he hath cured many desperate Lethargies And Oribasius saith That there is no better Medicine for a Lethargy to purge away that flegm which Choller brought to the Head than Scammony and Castor It often happens that the Faculties are so oppressed that Physick wil not work which is an evil sign and such seldom recover But because Celsus saith when things so fall out we must use such Medicines as are at hand if they be proper for the Disease which is so desperate that we may use desperate Medicines For as Serenus saith The Physitians think such Medicines better in desperate cases than for the Patient without tryal to die an easie death And as Celsus saith Many things may be done in time of danger and necessity which may wel be omitted at another time Therefore when we have used those Medicines without any success we may wel rise higher namely To those Medicines which are made of Antimony especially to those which are less vehement and furious as Aqua Benedicta of Dr. Ruland made of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum which purging both upwards and downwards bringeth such a quantity of Flegm not only from the stomach but the brain also as somtimes the Patient is cured only with this Evacuation And I can witness upon my own Experience That I saw a Noble man thrice in two years cured from the Apoplexy with this only Medicine Although some learned men do forbid the use of Vomits in these Diseases yet we must yield to Experience which dayly teacheth us that Children affected with sleeping Diseases are more readily and safely cured by the vomiting Salt of Vitriol than by any other Medicine The Tincture of Tobacco drawn with Aqua vitae and taken in the quantity of two drams with Honey powred down the Throat doth excellently After you have given a purging Medicine before it begins to work and also while it worketh you must think of al those things which cause revulsion of humors and bring them into practice not only frictions or rubbings and ligatures or bindings mentioned before but also Cupping glasses to the back shoulders arms and thighs without scarrification if he was formerly blooded and with scarrification if blood-letting was omitted In an Apoplexy you must not apply Cupping glasses to the Breast or Hypochondria or parts under the Ribs lest the Muscles of the Breast and Belly being contracted the Breath be hindred The chief and only Remedy in an Apoplexy especially is to apply Cupping glasses to the head Which kind of Cure the famous Physitian Fracastorius being taken with an Apoplexy did direct for himself by his Nods and signs but for want of their understanding of them he died Zaeutus Lusitanus in his 33. History and the first Book of the Principal Physitians reports that he cured a desperate Apoplexy by setting a Cupping glass twice upon the hinder part of the Head with deep Scarrification A Veâ—â—catory or Plaister to draw Blisters to the Neck behind and to the Shoulders Let two or three sharp Clysters be given every day Take of Pellitory of the Wall Hylop Calamints Organ Sage Rue and the lesser Centaury of each one handful of Carthamus seeds half an ounce of Fennel and Cummin seeds of each three drams of white Agarick tied in a linnen clout two drams of Coloquintida tied with it one dram and an half Boyl them to one pint strain them and ad to the Liquor of Hiera Picra half an ounce of Diaphoenicon one ounce of Oyl of Rue two ounces Make a Clyster The Chymical Physitians do usually ad two ounces of Aqua Benedicta of Dr. Ruland made of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum and then it wil work strongly You may give four or six ounces of the same infusion at a time and also you may take it out of the glass wherein the Infusion was made shaking it before that it may have some of the fecies or residents of the Pouder in the bottom to make it more strong Therefore for the most part we do prescribe Clysters of Aqua Benedicta or Vino Emetico that is the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum because in many Diseases especially Chollicks it doth wonders Take of Emollient Decoction for Clysters one pint of Diaphoenicon one ounce of Infusion of Crocus Metallorum shaked together four ounces make a Clyster If the Clyster come not away in due time give this Suppository Take of the pouder of Hiera Picra of Galens prescription two drams of Coloquintida and Agarick the best of each half a dram of Diagridium one scruple Salgem two drams Honey boyled to a sufficient consistence or thickness as much is sufficient make Suppositories It often falls out that the Muscle of the Arse called Sphincter is so weak that a Clyster is given in vain because it cannot be contained which is a desperate condition Apply Castor and Vinegar to the Nose which are said to have a special quality against sleep It is
what is received into the brain or what is nigh unto it For the most part once bleeding wil not be sufficient in this Disease but twice or thrice or oftener in the beginning or encrease of the Disease you may adventure upon it according to the condition or plenty of the Humor the age temper and strength of the patient If a Phrenzy taketh one that hath a constant Feaver as it is often in the encrease of Feavers or in the state of them when nature is out of order and disturbed by the malignity of that matter which causeth the Disease sendeth Chollerick humors to the head you must again let blood though you have done it before in respect of the Feaver but you must do it sparingly because the strength is abated by the Feaver and former bleeding Therefore at that time open the Head vein or if strength wil not bear that open the Saphena in one foot or both which is approved in such Diseases neither is it less beneficial to open the Hemorrhoid veins by Leeches But in all Bleedings which are made in time of a Delirium you must observe this that the Orifice be not large for then it wil quickly heal and you must bind it up carefully lest the Patient being unruly cause it to bleed again as also 't is very good for the sudden Cure of it to lay a plaister of Aloes white of an Eg and the hair of a Hare After Bleeding provoke sleep For if after bleeding there comes watchfulness the Humors wiâ— be again inflamed and the patient grow worse Sleep is caused by repelling Medicines laid to the forehead which are cooling and narcotick or causing sleep which we shal mention hereafter When you cannot conveniently let blood apply Cupping Glasâ—es with deep Scarrifications first to the lower than to the upper parts and also to the Thighs and other parts without Scarrification Use Frictions in the same parts and use Ligatures to the Legs for reuulsion Apply Vesicatories to the Shoulders and Arms. Give every day a Clyster made of cold and moist things For by these the Acrimony of the Humors is qualified and they are put downwards And they are thus made Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce the Leaves of Mallows Violets Lettice Pellitory Beets of each one handful the flowers of Water-lillies and tops of Dill of each one pugil Prunes six boyl them in Barly water to one pint of the straining ad of Cassia newly drawn and Diaprunes simple of each six drams red Sugar one ounce make a Clyster Use no Oyls in these kind of Clysters because they wil then inflame You must not Purge in a primary Phrenzy such a one as comes not from another Disease but it is good somtimes to Purge when the Phrenzy comes upon a continual Feaver For if there be an evil digestion or ill juyce in the Body and the Phrenzy begin then the matter is wandering and is taken for that which is called Turgent or abounding And therefore by the Counsel of Hippocrates Aphor. 22. Sect. 1. is to be presently evacuated But the Purge must be made of cold things with gentle as Senna Rhubarb Cassia Tamarinds Catholicon and Syrup of Roses Presently after blood letting you must use repelling Medicines which hinder the assent of humors and cool the head as Vinegar of Roses made of Oyl of Roses and Vinegar in time past but now we use distilled Waters and Juyces of Herbs with it and we repel and cool more or less as there is a greater or less flux of humors and inflamation which we must diligently observe Therefore we wil lay down many forms that in particular cases we may chuse those which are most fit Take of Oyl of Roses three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce Rose and Plantane Water of each two ounces lay them on the forehead shaven and with four-folded cloaths Or Take of Rose water four ounces Oyl of Roses two ounces Vinegar of Roses half an ounce two whites of Egs mix them together Or Take of Oyl of Violets and Water-lillies of each half an ounce Rose Lettice and Housleeâ— Water of each two ounces Vinegar half an ounce Or Take of the Juyce of Lettice Purslain Night-shade Penny-grass or Venus-navil of each two ounces Oyl of Roses three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce Or Take of Oyl Olive in which Roses are infused one ounce and an half new Poplar Oyntment for the old inflameth one ounce Vinegar of Roses half an ounce one white of an Eg Beat them together and apply them with Flax. The Milk of a Woman which hath brought forth a Girl with the Juyce of Lettice and Oyl of Roses is very excellent Concerning these cooling Medicines you must observe that they be administred warily and with judgment because the Brain is of its own Nature cold and a principal Member therefore it is to be feared left the Patient by too much use thereof should fall into a contrary Disease as a Coma or the like especially if he be weak or old and although they are used somtimes more sometimes less yet the extent of the time of their usage ought not to be above three daies Moreover Those Medicines do stick to the face and eyes therefore you must lay about them a cloth or a little wool in the fore part of the head you must apply them to the middle of the forehead in the sides of the head above the ears in the hinder part about the nape of the neck and towards the crown of the head and these are in Winter to be applied hot in Summer cold as Galen saith 2. de comp med cap. 2. But it is best in old and weak people never to apply them actually cold If the Inflamation cometh to the Skin as it somtimes doth then we must avoid repelling Medicines especially those that are strong lest the matter driven to the Brain should augment the Disease You must apply cloths wet in Rose-water and Vinegar to the neck to hinder the humors from flying into the head Causticks applied to the Legs do very well for revulsion or drawing down of the humor to the inferior parts While these things are doing you must use al those things which do cool the whol Body especially the principal parts both internally and externally Inwardly you must use Juleps Emulsions and Electuaries Take of the distilled Waters of Lettice Purslain Roses and wild Poppies of each three ounces Syrup of Violets and Pomegranates of each one ounce and an half Sal Prunellae three drams Make a Julep for three Doses to be taken twice or thrice in a day Or Take of Lettice Purslain and Plantane of each two handfuls Water Lillies and Violet flowers of each a pugil Boyl them in Barley Water to one pint and being strained dissolve in it Syrup of Violets three ounces Sal Prunellae three drams Make a Julep for three doses or draughts It is very good to put to your Juleps besides the Sal prunellae the spirit of
but you must mix some thickning things that may constrain the humor as red Roses Mastich Coriander Nutmeg and other things which we shall declare more at large in the hot Catarrh You may make an Errhine for this purpose as followeth Take of Marjoram Water four ounces the Juyce of Bettony one ounce Nigella or Gith seeds poudered half a dram Nutmeg one scruple For rich people you may ad two grains of Musk and Amber-greece Or Take of Lignum vitae one ounce Spring Water one pint Infuse it all night upon warm embers then boyl it to the consumption of half adding in the conclusion sweet Marjoram and red Rose leaves of each two pugils So when the matter is but thin you may make a Masticatory either of Mastich alone or after this manner Take of Nutmeg one dram Mastich and Gum Arabick of each half a dram Pouder them with Rose water make Troches to chew The best Neesing is made of black Hellebore and Sugar equal parts The Extract of Tobacco made in Aqua vitae and held under the tongue in the bigness of a Pease brings forth abundance of Water but if you take too much or swallow it down it will cause violent vomiting We have shewed that Cauteries to the Arms hinder part of the Head and behind the Ears are very good as also to the nape of the Neck and Shoulders which are now adaies in great request But there is a new place found out by some namely in the Neck neer the Jugular veins between the Muscles And by this means two men have been cured of old Catarrhs which caused hoarsness Finally After convenient Evacuations things that strengthen the Brain and dry it are to be used both internally and externally as Opiates Pouders Bags Fumes described in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Head But you must remember to put unto them some Conserve of Roses Nutmeg or white Frankinsence when you cure a Catarrh The Decoction of Mastich Wood used as a Sudorifick dries the Brain and stops Defluxions For which the following things are good Take of Coriander seed prepared half an ounce Nutmeg and Frankinsence of each three drams Liquoris and Mastich of each two drams Cubebs one dram Conserve of red Roses one ounce white Sugar dissolved in Rose water ten ounces Make a Confection in little rolls weighing three drams Let him take one morning and evening These following Troches are much commended by Solenander Cons 10. Sect. 4. which he borrowed which he borrowed from both the Ancient Greeks and Arabians Take of the best Frankinsence and Juyce of Liquoris of each one dram Opium Saffron and Mirrh of each one scruple With Syrup of Poppies make Troches or Pills to be taken now and then two scruples or half a dram at a time These Tablets following are very good Take of Diambra and Diamoschi dulcis of each one dram white Amber one scruple Oyl of Annis seeds three drops Sugar dissolved in Lavender Water four ounces Make Tablets of two drams in weight take one morning and evening The Balsom for the Head prescribed in the Chapter for the cold distemper after the Opiate is excellent taken inwardly and into the nostrils Lac Sulphuris and the flower of Brimstone are commended by Chymists for the Cure of a Catarrh and the Galenists use it much in Tablets In a new Catarrh Water of Nuts with Hydromel given three nights together doth much hinder it Shave the fore part of the head and apply a Cataplasm of two ounces of Leaven and two drams of Amber But if the Patient will not permit his head to be shaved let it be cut and lay a bag of Chamepits or Groundpine mixt with Amber Besides the afore mentioned Fumes one made of Tacamahaca is excellent for it dries a Catarrh and hinders his Motion neither is the scent too strong but the Patient may shut it into his chamber without offence It is profitable to dry the Head with bags of Bran Gromwel and Salt Leaves of Sage Bettony French Lavender Annis seeds Fennel seeds and the like Lastly If the Disease be stubborn all those Medicines which are mentioned in the cold distemper of the head are to be used A hot Catarrh is Cured by Medicines which discharge the matter offending and which do thicken it and revel it as also by correcting the distemper of the parts sending and receiving it For this end first let blood if nothing hinder by which the humor flowing is revelled and the sharpness abated Then carry away part of the humor by a gentle Purge which may no waies stir violently the humors as followeth Take of the best Rhubarb four scruples Citrine Myrobalans rubbed with the Oyl of sweet Almonds half a dram yellow Sanders half a scruple Infuse them in Lettice and Purslain Water and strain it adding of Manna and Syrup of Roses Solutive of each one ounce Make a Potion Or instead of the Waters afore mentioned you may make a Decoction of cold Herbs and Tamarinds to which you may put your Purgatives Then you must alter and thicken the humor with convenient Juleps Take of Lettice Purslain and Plantane of each one handful the four great cold Seeds white Poppy seeds of each two drams Violets Water-lillies and red Poppies of each one pugil boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining the Syrup of Violets and dried Roses of each one ounce and an half Make a Julep for three draughts to be taken twice in a day Or instead of this Decoction use the distilled Waters of those Herbs or Emulsions of the four great cold Seeds After use a little stronger Purge putting to the former Senna or Catholicon or Diaprunes or the like A light sweet Medicine thickening and sweetening the humor is made of the Yolks of two new laid Egs dissolved in five or six ounces of spring Water with one ounce of Sugar heat them well and stir them upon the fire and take it as hot as you can morning and evening for three daies together And at last you must labor for a stronger restraning of the flux and thickning of the humor with this Syrup Take of Syrup of Violets and dried Roses of each one ounce Syrup of Poppies half an ounce Give an ounce at a time in a spoon at Bed time The following Opiate is good for the same purpose Take of old Conserve of Roses six drams the species of Diatragaganth frigid two drams Bole-armenick washt in Rose water two scruples With the Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiate Take the quantity of a smal nut at night This Barley Cream is very profitable Take of clensed Barley as much as is sufficient steep it six hours and then boyl it well and strain it then take three ounces of blanched sweet Almonds Pompion seeds husked one ounce and an half Melone seeds one ounce white Poppy and Lettice of each half an ounce Beat them together and with Barley Water take out the Milk which with two pound of the Pulp
of Barley boyl a little and mix it with Sugar Let him drink ten ounces at a time some mornings in his bed and sleep after it and somtimes in the evening Hold the Troches in the mouth Take of Gum Traganth and Arabick of each two drams Bole-armenick and Terra Sigillata washed in Rose water of each one dram white Poppy seeds and juyce of Liquoris of each half a dram Sugar Penids one ounce With the Mucilage of Quince seeds extracted with Rose water make little Cakes to be held in the mouth day and night The Spirit of Sulphur and Vitriol three or four drops given morning and evening in convenient Liquor hath great force against all Catarrhs especially against those which come from Inflamation of the Bowels It may be given in drink in a smaller quantity for it goes with the drink through all the veins and hinders the motion of the humors The Crystal Mineral is for the same use given with Juleps and other Medicines When these do not avail we must be constrained to use Narcoticks or Stupefactives Among which Laudanum is the best given to four or five grains at bed time or one ounce or half an ounce of Syrup of Poppies These do wonders being used in the beginning of the Disease New Treacle given at night from a scruple to half a dram hath the same force Benedictus Faventius useth the following Pills in a Salt Catarrh with good success Take of the Juyce of Liquoris two drams wash'd Aloes one dram Filulae de Cynoglosso half a dram With Syrup of Violets make a Mass of which take a scruple at bed time The Troches of Solenander before mentioned are excellent Diacodium album prescribed in the Cure of the Phrenzy is good for this In the mean while the matter flowing must be revelled by Clysters Cupping Glasses Frictions and binding of the external parts and chiefly by Vesicatories in the Neck and finally with Issues in the hinder part of the Head and Arms if the Catarrh be old But for the strengthening of the Head and stopping of the fluxion and consuming the remainder Pouders Bags and Emplasters are good Take of white Amber Sandarach Mastich Benjamin Nutmeg of each one ounce Frankinsence Grains of Kermes and red Roses of each half an ounce all the Sanders Mirtles and Pomegranate flowers of each two drams make a Pouder Vse it to the Head at night and 〈◊〉 it off in the morning Take of the Gum of Juniper two scruples red Roses two pugils Mirtles one dram Mace and Nutmeg of each one scruple Frankinsence and Peony seeds and Poppy heads of each two scruples Cyprus nuts half a scruple Pouder them and take them up with red wool and with a red cloth make a lining for a Cap to wear constantly Take of Mastick and Frankinsence of each half a dram Sandrach red Coral red Roses Mirtles Pomegranate flowers and Peels of each one dram Labdanum two drams Wax and Oyl of Roses as much as is sufficient Make an Emplaster for the Coronal Suture But because this Catarrh for the most part comes from a hot distemper of the Liver therefore you must use Medicines to that Finally This is most remarkable which is also mentioned in the Cure of a cold Catarrh That Excrements use to cause Catarrhs by flowing to the Head when their usual natural passages are stopped And then a Catarrh is best cured by opening those passages with a gentle and constant purging in Broths or the like CHAP. XVI Of the Head-ach THe word Cephalalgia is used generally for every pain of the Head but more especially it signifieth a new Head-ach But the word Cephalaea signifieth an old Head-ach and Hemicranea signifieth that pain which only is in one side of the Head There are other differences of Head-aches they are divided into Internal and External Pains by consent and by propriety and of these one is called a pricking pain another a stretching or extending pain another a heavy another a beating or shooting pain The internal pain of the head is in the Meninges or Membranes that is very deep and reacheth to the roots of the Eyes But an external pain is in the Pericranium or Membrane without the Skull and will not endure the roots of the hairs to be combed back and is made greater by the least compression of the Head This is the Doctrine of Galen which he teacheth 3. de loc aff cap. 1. and lib. 2. de comp med secundum loc cap. 3. saying very solidly That the internal Head-ach is distinguished from the external by this peculiar sign That in the internal the pain comes to the roots of the eyes not in an external and he gives this Reason Because the coats of the Eyes come from the Meninges of the Brain whence it comes that the grief is conveighed to the Eyes But Fernelius contradicts this Doctrine lib. 5. Pathalogiae cap. 1. and affirmeth that external pains do reach to the roots of the Eyes because the Pericranium or Skin of the Skul wherein those pains are doth reach to the cavity of the Eyes to whom Rondoletius answers lib. 1. meth med cap. 5. that the Cavity of the Eye doth not suffer with the Pericranium although it reach to it by reason that the pain of the Pericranium comes for the most part of external cold for a cold part will easily suffer from the like quality But that cold cannot reach to the hollow of the Eye because it is preserved by the heat blood and spirits of the Eyes but if at any time a headach cometh of external heat or the like the Skin of the head is only affected not the Pericranium which lieth deep But this Doctrine of Rondeletius doth not altogether take away all difficulty for although all things which he alledgeth should be granted yet if a pain arise from a tumor gathered upon the Pericranium or of some other cause that dissolveth continuity and divideth there is no reason why the grief should not reach to the hollow of the Eye We can say this in defence of Galen that this sign was given by him for two Reasons First Because the Membrane which reacheth to the hollow of the Eye from the Pericranium is not so sensible and therefore cannot suffer but obtusely but the coats of the Eyes which come from the Meninges are very sensible and therefore have great pain Moreover that Membrane which cometh from the Pericranium doth not touch the Eye so inwardly and deeply towards the optick Nerves as the coats which come from the Meninges whence it is that the external pain cannot extend it self to the roots of the Eyes as Galen saith A pain by propriety is constant and permanent nor doth it follow the disease of other parts But a pain by consent or sympathy depends upon the infirmity of another part so that as that encreaseth or diminisheth the Headach encreaseth or diminisheth Now this pain by sympathy is either by consent from the whol Body as in Feavers
be easily couched for it ought to be like a thin skin which may be rowled about the Needle and so couched down for if it be too thick and solid it cannot be couched which you may perceive when it is like Chalk or Hail Contrarily that which is fit for couching useth to be Sky-colored and Sea-green of the color of Iron or Lead not black The Cure of a Cataract must be directed not only to the Conjunct but to the Antecedent cause And therefore you must purge the whol Body and especially the Brain very exactly After you must discuss that humor which obstructeth the Pupilla and some way soften it Which intentions when they are almost the same which were propounded in the Cure of Gutta serena we may use the same Remedies for Diet evacuation or purging of the whol Body for revulsion of the humor offending and for the strengthening of the Head and the Eyes so we shall not in vain repeat them Having therefore first used all that Method which was laid down for the Cure of Gutta serena we will declare unto you those Medicines which belong properly to the taking away of the matter about the Pupilla And though Topical Medicines are counted little worth according to Galens Opinion 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who saith that they promise more than they can perform yet their Lawful use is not to be rejected and Experience hath taught by very good Authors confirmed that Cataracts in their beginning after universal Medicines used have been cured with Topicks that is Medicines applied to the Eye First therefore begin with mild dissolvers and such as dry not overmuch lest the matter grow hard and be made unfit to be dissolved then use mollifiers with your dissolvers that induration may be hindered and it may more easily be dissolved For this purpose the following Fornentation may be first used Take of the Leaves of Rue Fennel Eyebright the greater Celondine of each one handful Foenugreek seeds one ounce Chamomel and Melilot flowers of each one pugil Boyl them in three parts of spring Water and one part of white Wine added towards the end of the Decoction Foment the Eyes with a soft spunge dipt in the strained Liquor morning and evening Of the same Decoction you may make a Fumigation covering the head that it may be received into the Eyes In the beginning of the Disease while the defluxion is new and that revelling Medicines are used it is good to wash the Eyes with only red Wine which by its astriction hinders the defluxion and by its spirits discusseth and dissolveth it In the progress of the Disease a Fomentation of white Wine in which Crocus Metallorum hath been infused is most profitable It is no less profitable to let a child eat sweet Fennel Seeds in a morning and afterwards breath into the Eyes As also to let him lick them or to let a Dog lick them Also Bread hot from the Oven in which is sweet Fennel seed cut in the middle may be so placed to the Eyes that they may behold it when they are wet with the vapor These Medicines are to be used in the morning At night you may apply this Cataplasm Take of Fenugreek seed beaten one ounce Aloes half an ounce Saffron one dram Make them into fine pouder put it into white Wine wherein Crocus Metallorum hath been infused and make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Eyes at night Many commend Pidgeons blood put hot into the Eyes for with the Natural heat of that Creature the part will be much strengthened and the excrementitious matter dissolved but because the heat will quickly depart from the blood it is better to take a yong callow Pidgeon and slit it in the back and apply it to the Eye With these Medicines you may discuss the matter if it be possible Topical Medicines called Collyria which are dropped into the Eyes are of little force and those are they which Galen said did promise more than they perform for all their vertue is spent in the Cornea neither can they reach to the internal parts except they be made very sharp by which pain would be caused and a greater defluxion hence many that have used them immoderately have from a light infirmity become stark blind But because many of those Collyriaes are found in Authors which have good report by them lest we should seem defective we will shew some of the choycest that they who please may try them Take of the best Honey two pints Fennel Roots and the Roots of long and round Birthwort of each one pound the leaves of Rue Eyebright Celondine the greater and the tops of Fennel of each six handfuls Centaury the less three handfuls Roses four pugils the Vrine of a Boy two pints Mix them all in a glass Vessel and distill them in Balneo Mariae Drop this Water often into the Eyes Or you may make Bread with the Bran in it with the Pouder of Rue Celondine Eyebright Bettony and Fennel with a little Honey which as soon as it is drawn and cut in pieces must be put between two Pewter or Silver Dishes from whence will come a Water which Zechius affirmeth dropped into the Eyes doth wonders Also this following is highly commended Take of white Violet Leaves one handful Radish seed one dram Amoniacum half a dram mix them and pouder them then steep them twenty four hours in one pint of Fennel water then let them boyl a little space ad to the straining one ounce of the clarified juyce of Fennel the Balsom of Peru two drams make a Collyrium which Zechius saith Dropt into the Eyes morning and evening after the Body is sufficiently Purged doth so clense the Eyes that it takes away a Cataract wonderfully without Couching Hollerius Describes a Water that he saith Cured one that was Nine yeers blind Which is this Take of the juyce of Smallage Vervain Germander Burnet Avens Sage Celondine Rue Knot-grass Chickweed the pouder of Cloves of each one ounce gross Pepper Nutmeg Lignum Aloes of each three drams steep them all in the Vrin of a Boy and the sixth part of Sack Let them boyl a little then strain them and press them put it in a Glass close stopt drop every night some of it into each Eye The juyce of Brooklime only being often dropt into the eyes hath somtimes Cured a yong Suffusion when a Cautery also hath been applied to the Coronal Suture The Juyce of Celondine and Calcitrap mixed together are as good Quercetan in his Dispensatory doth much commend Water in which Crocus Metallorum hath been infused which is thus made Take of the Water of the greater Celondine six ounces Crocus Metallorum one dram infuse them and drop three or four drops of this Water warmed into the Eyes for three or four times a day for a long continuance Fonseca saith That he knew one Cured by this Water who was very dim sighted many months This is the excellency of
it which few other Medicines have It clenseth very powerfully without any sharpness The same Fonseca sayes the Water following is admirable Take many Swallows beat them with their feathers in a Morter put to every pound of them four ounces of bread crums of white wine four pints infuse them six dayes and distil them in Balneo till they are dry then set that Water in a Glass in the Sun for twenty dayes and drop it into the eyes morning and evening There is a Water made of Rosemary flowers which discusseth Films in the Eyes after this manner Take of Rosemary-flowers as many as are sufficient to fill a Glass which must be well stopt and set it in the Wall against the South Sun thence will an Oyl come which with a feather anoint the Eyes with Some Authors commend the Galls of Beasts because they clense and discuss strongly but they cause pain with their sharpness and therefore are seldom used Forrestus Obs 35. Lib. 1â— commends a certain Fish in his Country out of whose Liver there comes a moisture by which he saith Cataracts are presently as by a miracle Cured See in the place cited the use of it William Lozellus saith That he hath Cured many stark blind after universal Medicines have been used with this Water Take of the Liver of a sound Goat two pound Calamus Aromaticus and Honey of each half an ounce the juyce of Rue three drams the Waters of Celondine Vervain Fennet Eyebright of each three ounces Long Pepper Nutmeg and Cloves of each two drams Saffron one scruple Rosemary-flowers bruised half an handful Sarcocol and Aloes of each three drams the Gall of Ravenous Birds Capons or Partridges one ounce let those that are to be sliced be sliced and that are to be bruised be bruised then mixed altogether with two ounces of white Sugar and six drams of Honey of Roses cast them into an Alembick of Glass and distil them in Balneo Mariae with a gentle fire keep this Water in a Glass close stopt for precious which you may drop twice or thrice in a day into the eye affected Zacutus Lusitanus commends the Water following in these words For an old Disease in the Eyes called Ophtalmia or any other which cometh of overmuch moisture and gross humors and mists as in thickness whiteness the Haw and Suffusion this Water is the best in his Experience if after sufficient Purging you drop six drops cold every night three hours after meat into the Eyes then about two hours after you shall have Water flow out of them in abundance Take of Aloes three drams Rue Fennel and Pettony of each two handfuls Vervain and Tormentil of each one handful Sarcocol three drams the froth of Nitre two drams and a half Sugar Candy three ounces syrup of Roses four ounces the Vrin of a yong Boy half a pint Lizzards dung three drams Horehound three handfuls Eyebright one handful and a half Ginger Spicknard long Pepper Cloves and Tutty of each two drams Balsom three drams Honey of Roses two ounces Verdegreese one dram Licium two scruples Radish leaves one handful powder those which are to be powdered mix them and infuse them in the best white wine in a Still putting to a fourth part of the best Honey for ten dayes and stir them daily then Distill them and keep the Water The same Zacutus commends the Oyntment following in these words For the drying up of moisture flowing from the Head into the Eyes and for Purging them by the Corners very strongly this Magistral Oyntment is excellent being applied after universal Evacuations from the Head and the whole Body let the upper Eye-brows be anointed lightly therewith morning and evening twice in a day three hours after meat one hour after there will slow plentiful Water from the corners of the Eye especially from the great corner Take of the Oyl of Roses three ounces Rose-water nine ounces Camphire one dram Tutty one scruple Honey two ounces the Gall of a Goat half an ounce Lupin meal half a dram Aloes Succotrine one dram Sugar candy half a dram the juyce of Horebound Fennel and Rue of each half an ounce Mirrh one scruple Ammoniacum half a dram Sarcocol one dram and a half Pouder them that may mix them and boyl them a little with a gentle fire and the grease of a Goat or Sheep and a little wax make an Oyntment according to art Finally when al Medicines fail when the Disease is almost desperate it were good to try an experience with the Oyntment of Quicksilver which Fonseca saith was his invention yet seldom used for in his 19. Consultat lib. 1. he thus saith I have thought sometimes that the Vnction used for the Cure of the French Pox hath power to take away Cataracts in their beginning and increase by the same reason that it takes away the Humors remaining in the Eyes from the French Pox for by it the Head may be so Purged that a Cataract may be Cured and I have determined to make tryal of it Fonseca had much commended his Judgment if he had seen Skenkius his Observation 309. Lib. 1. which is taken out of the 5. Book of Alexander Trajanus Petronus of the French Pox Cap. 1. One saith he before he had the French Pox was blind of one Eye with a Cataract or thick Suffusion by the Vnction with Quick-silver was freed wonderfully from his Pox and Cataract both at once Neither is it without reason that Cataracts may be dissolved with that Vnction when we see by Experience that very hard Tumors of thick and gross Flegm are powerfully dissolved by the Vnction of Quick-silver When a Cataract can be dissolved with no other Medicines the last Remedy is the Chirurgical Operation which with a Needle put into the Eye after the matter of the Cataract being thick and turned to a little skin thrusteth it to the lower part of the Eye so that the sight is restored as if a window were opened This Operation is successful sometimes but often not But when the case is so that no hope remains of other wayes it is better according to the Opinion of Celsus formerly Commended to try an uncertain Medicine than none But it useth not to be tryed by reason of its uncertainty by ordinary Chirurgions but of Quacksalvers who go to and fro practising and therefore the time and manner of the Operation is to be left only to them But because those things ought not to be hid from a Physitian you may find them exactly treated on in divers Practical Authors when the Cataract is Cured Whether it be with dissolving Medicines or manual Operation you must use a course of Physick long after because there is a great fear of a Relapse For the Eyes having been much weakned by a long Disease are very ready to receive any Defluxion again from the brain Therefore you must follow the usual Purging you must have Issues continually for diversion and use often strengtheners
the liquor by inclination without the dregs and if need be filter it One drop into the Eye takes away redness and defluxion and all spots or blemishes thereon and quickeneth the sight Solenander commends highly the Decoction of Quince Leaves which are to be gathered without breaking in the beginning of the spring and kept diligently that they neither be dusty nor musty nor otherwise defiled and when you use them boyl one handful of them in pure water and let the Eyes be often washed therewith It is a wonder saith he to see how it doth preserve clense and stop Rhewms in the Eyes Sometimes in aâ— inveterate Ophthalmy much filth like matter is gathered in the eyes which can scarcely be cured with Collyriums or other remedies but in this case fine Cotton dried at the fire and laid like a smal pillow upon the eye and rowled down is very good for the next morning you may take much filth away with it And with this Remedy used many nights together many eyes have been cured which could not otherwise and this kind of Medicine prevailes chiefly among Children that have sore eyes For a Conclusion of this Chapter it wil not be amiss to set down the experimental Medicines of Sacutus Lusitanus who cured an old Ophthalmy which would no otherwise be removed in a whol yeer with a Mercurial Unguent although there was no sign of the French Pox being perswaded by Mercurialis who in his Book of the French Pox saith When you see any Disease that will not be Cured by ordinary means imagine it to be the French Pox. He asked the Patient if ever he had the French Disease or ever lay with a foul bodied Woman He denied al but only confessed that he lay with one Man once in the bed whom he suspected to be Frenchified Upon this conjecture the Physitian prescribed a sudoriâ—â—ck diet of Sarâ—a for twenty dayes but to no end And though the Disease was chiefly in the upper parts so that it was to be feared least if he fluxed him at the mouth with Mercury that the humors should fal more into the eyes but in regard it was old and the force of the defluxion was attained he prescribed the Unguent of Mercury after his body was wel Purged and by it in seven dayes space after plentiful Salivation or Spitting his pains ceased that inflamation was gone the itching abated which was before in his eye-lids with much acrimony And so leaving him only an issue in his Arm to breath the Brain and prescribing a good diet which he kept the Patient returned to his former health The same Zacutus Lusitanus in his Praxis ad Hist commends that Water and Oyntment which we mentioned in the Cure of Suffusion for an old Ophthalmy Chap. 9. Of Hypopyo or Matter under the CORNEA WHen the Inflamations of the Eyes are great and swelling somtimes they cannot be resolved but they wil be suppurated which is much to be feared and to be prevented by al means For from thence Ulcers wil come and somtimes Matter is gathered under the Cornea which Disease is called Vpopuon and this comes often from a stroak or contusion blood-shotness somtimes it covereth al the Pupilla and hinders the sight somtimes it compasseth the circle of the Iris and is like the pairing of a nail and thence it is called Onux or Vnguis This Disease is known not only by the whiteness which is like Matter but also from the Inflamation and Blood-shot that went before for when the Eye is moved there appears a motion of the Pus or Matter urder the Cornea There is a redness in the Eye and Pulsation or at least went before it For the Cure first using universal Medicines if there remain any reliques of Inflamation you must take them away by the Remedies prescribed in the Ophthalmy then you must apply gently Discutients mixed with Emollients lest when the thin part is resolved the matter become thicker and less fit to be dissolved Therefore make your Fomentations of the Decoction of the flowers of Chamomel Melilot the seeds of Fleabane and Fenugreek to be used with Linnen or Bags You may ad the Leaves of Eye-bright Celandine and Fennel seed or use this following Collyrium Take of the Water of Vervain Rue Celandine Roses and Fennel of each half an ounce the best Aloes and Tuity prepared of each half a dram Sugar-candy one dram Pouder and mix them with a little Breast-milk make a Collyrium of which drop some into the Eyes twice or thrice in the day This following is excellent Take of Saffron Aloes and Mirrh of each one dram Wine three drams Honey six drams Dissolve the Saffron in the Wine then mix them with the Aloes and Marrh then put them to the Honey and anoint the Eyes Lastly Those Medicines which were prescribed in the declination of an Ophthalmy in the spots or Maculae of the Eyes and in Suffusion or Cataract are good here If the Matter cannot be discussed with Resolving Medicines you must seek others Gal. in 14 Meth. reports That there was one Justus an Oculist in his time that cured many of this Disease by shaking their heads for setting them straight upon a seat and taking hold on both sides of their head he shaked them till he perceived the matter to descend But if the matter which hindereth the sight cannot be thus cured neither Galen in the place cited flies to Manual Operation or Chyrurgery whom Aetius and others do follow which is done by pricking of the Eye which is used also in a Cataract Which operation as it is little used in our times so it requireth the hand of a most skilful Chyrurgion and it is much to be feared lest when the Cornea is opened the Watery Humor come forth with the matter Chap. 10. Of Phlyctaenae or Blisters in the Eyes IN the Cornea and the Adnata Tunica as in other parts of the Body there breed somtimes little blisters full with water like bubbles or bladders which come from the heat of the Humor Phlyctainai in Greek and called in Arabick Bothor and they are little tumors like Gromwel seeds coming from a sharp watery humor They are easily known They in the Adnata are red in the Cornea blackish if they be outward but white if they be in the inner part of it As to the Prognostick Pâ—lyctaenae which grow in the Adnata are less dangerous than they in the Cornea The more superficial these Pustles are the leâ—s dangerous they are the more inward the more danger for it is to be feared lest the whol thickness of the Cornea be eroded and so either the watery humor wil flow forth or else the Uvea wil start out The Cure consisteth wholly in the resolving of the matter conjoyned and the averting of the antecedent cause And we must take heed lest we bring these Pustles to suppuration lest they turn into Ulcers Therefore those Universal Evacuations Revulsions and Derivations which were declared in
or Kernel by the great corner of the Eye and the Caruncle upon the corner the thinness or thickness or other weakness of which parts causeth that they easily entertain the humors that flow thither Therefore an Epiphora happeneth often in an Egylops a Lachrymal Fistula a Rhyas and Encanthis because the superfluous humors use to be easily received into the parts affected This humor is carried from the Brain into the corners of the Eyes somtimes by the internal Veins somtimes by the external as we shal shew you hereafter by their proper signs But the Humor which maketh an Epiphora is somtimes cold and brings no other inconvenience but only defluxion somtimes it is salt and sharp and causeth pain heat and redness and exulceration of the Eyebrows There need no signs to be given of Tears they are visible It wil appear by what hath been said whether they are cold or hot and sharp But we must distinguish whether they come by the internal or external Vessels When by the internal there is pain in the inside of the head and somtimes violent neesing But if they come by the external without the Skul The Vessels of the Forehead and Temples are stretched and the head seems to be bound about and astringent means outwardly applyed do help As to the Prognostick New Epiphora's coming from outward causes are easily cured especially in youth but old and in old men very hardly They which proceed from other diseases as Aegylops Fistula Lachrymalis and the like have their Cure with the diseases whence they came The Cure of this Disease consists in taking away the defluxion and strengthening the part receiving You must take away the defluxion with Evacuation of the humor offending revulsion derivation and strengthening the part from whence it cometh The Peccant humor which is a Water superfluous in the Brain must be evacuated with bleeding and purging Blood-letting is not good in a cold distemper of the Brain except there be manifest signs of plethory or fulness but in a hot distemper when the humors are very sharp it is very good and you may use it twice or thrice if need be You may purge by Potions Apozemes Pills and the like which you may proportion to the condition of the Patient Make a revulsion of the humors flowing by Cupping-glasses often applied to the shoulders by Vesicatories to raiâ—e blisters behind in the Neck or with Cauteries to the hinder part of the Head and Issues in the Arms. In a stubborn Epiphora a Vesicatory applyed to the fore-part of the Head doth wonders as Forestus sheweth Obs 11. lib. 11. concerning an Old Woman who had sore Eyes weeping and mattery with great pain and itching and could by no means be Cured that with applying a Plaister of Cantharides with Honey and Leaven to her head being shaven he perfectly Cured her Rondeletius saith That a Cautery applyed to the Commissura doth more good than when it is used to any other part For Derivation use Leeches behind the Ears and Masticatories every morning But least the Humors once evacuated should breed again the Brain must be strengthened and dried and if it be too cold you may use al our Remedies prescribed in the Cure of the cold Distemper of the Brain But if it be too hot those things which we prescribed in the Cure of a hot Catarrh especially such as respect the Brain most are here to be used While the former Medicines are used you must apply Topicks to the part receiving and first if the Humor comes through the external veins apply Astringents to the Forehead and Temples and if the Defluxion come from a sharp hot Humor use the following Cataplasm Take Bole-Armenick Dragons Blood Pomegranat Flowers and Mirtles of each one dram and an half Accacia and Hipocistis of each one dram Frankinsence and Mastich of each two scruples Red Roses one pugil Pouder them and mix them with the white of an Egg and a little Vinegar make a Cataplasm which spread upon a Cloth and apply to the Fore-head and Temples and renew it as fast as it groweth dry If it come of a Cold Humor apply this following Cerat Take of Frankinsence and Mastich of each one dram and an half Gum Anime Tacamahacca and Blood-stone of each one dram Gum of Juniper two scruples Turpentine and Wax as much as will serve turn make a Cerat But you must apply Astringent and Drying Medicines to the part affected which are thus made Take of Tutty prepared one dram Sarcocol half a dram Frankinsence and Mastich of each a scruple Spicknard six grains make Troches which being mixed with the white of an Egg or the juyce of Quinces may be applyed to the corner of the Eye Or Take Tutty prepared in a fine Rag and tye it with a string and put it in sharp Wine and with this often wash the Eyes Or Take Tutty prepared Egg shells poudered the best Aloes of each one dram tye them in a Rag and make a little Ball which steep in Fennel-water and squeez the Ball often into the Eyes Only Aloes poudered and made into a Ball as above and put into Rose-water is very good Or Take Aloes Cypress Nuts Frankinsence Mastich Myrrh of each two drams Tutty prepared and Sarcocol of each one dram and an half Sanguis Dragonis Barberries Sumach red Roses of each one scruple Pouder them finely and with Fennel-water make a Collyrium In a Hot Defluxion this is excellent Take of white Troches of Rhasis without Opium Sarcocol Lycium or Box-thorn Acacia Olibanum of each one dram the stones of Myrobalans calcined of white and red Coral of each half a dram Pearlhalf a scruple as much of the juyce of Pomegranats boyled to half as will make a Collyrium If Redness be joyned with it this following is profitable Take of the seeds of Sumach bruised one scruple hot Plantane Water one ounce macerate them a while then press them strongly and put of Rose Eyebright and the Waters of the white of an Egg well beaten of each half an ounce Sugar Candy finely poudered and strained with a little water one scruple Make a Collyrium Lastly Those Medicines which were prescribed for an Old Ophthalmy are good in this Disease CHAP. XVIII Of Pterygium or Haw in the Eyes called Unguis THis is a Hard and Nervous little Membrane which coming out of the great Corner of the Eye first covereth the white and after by continuance the black and covering the Pupilla hindereth the light Somtimes it is thin and white somtimes it is fleshly with many red veins and it is called a Pannicle and Sebel by Avicen although some distinguish a Pannicle from a Haw or Vngula because Vngula is a Nervous Tunicle without repletion of veins and is only in the Adnata But Sebel or Pannicle Covereth the whole Eye and is very Red and full of Veins This Disease comes from Ulceration of the flesh in the Corner of the Eye or of the Adnata whence
the Medicine then you must dip lint in the same Medicine and lay it to the Hole of the ear and round about In the state of the Disease you must mix gently resolving Oyls with Anodines thus Take of Oyl of Chamomel sweet Almonds and Violets of each one ounce the Oyl of Lillies half an ounce Mix them But these Fomentations and Fumigations which are made of the following Decoction do resolve more powerfully Take of Marsh-Mallow-Roots one ounce Mallows Nightshade St. Johns-Wort of each one handful Linseed half an ounce the seeds of Mallows Maâ—sh â—allows and white Poppies of each two drams the Flowers of Chamomel Dill and Roses of each one pugil make a Decoction in Water and Milk for a Fomentation and Fumâ—gation â—ateâ— taken out of Ashen sticks being dropt into the Ears easeth pain and dissolveth the cause of it You must put green Ashen sticks in to the fire and take the Water that comes from both ends If the Tumor cannot be dissolved but it seems to tend to suppuration which you may perceive by the encrease of pain by greater Pulsation and a stronger Feâ—ver You must help the motion of Nature and apply this following Cataplasm Take the faeces of the former Decoction made for a Fomentation and Fumigation and put to them of Dâ—cks and Hens-grease Marrow oâ— Veaâ— and the Mucilage of Fleabane and Foenugreek-seeds of each one ounce the Oyl of Chamomel and Vâ—olets of each â—nâ— ounce Fresh Buâ—ter one ounce and an half Saffron half a dram Make a Caâ—aâ—lasm A Cataplasm oâ— Crums of Bread is also very good for it aâ—â—wâ—geâ—h paâ—ns and furthers suppâ—ration gently without inflamation and therefore it is very proper in al Phlegmous or hoâ— Tumors you must make it thus Take of the Crums of white Bread one pound boyl it in Goats Milk to a Pultis then ad of the two Yolks of Eggs the Oyl of Roses two ounces Saffron one scruple Make a Cataplasm The Cataplasm made of an Onyon is much commended of Victorius Faventinus Made thus Take one Onyon Fresh Butter two ounces Oyl of Chamomel and Roses of each one ounce Saffron one scruple Make a Cataplasm apply it warm The Suppuration being made the Imposthume breaketh and the Matter comes forth either by the Membrane of the Ear made thin or else corroded and then the Patient must lie upon the Ear that is pained that the quittour may come forth and you must drop such things into it as may clense Take of the Decoction of Barley four ounces Honey of Roses one ounce drop this warm into the Ears at several times If an Ulcer come from sharpness of Matter you must have a peculiar way of Cure such as is used to an Ulcer caused from a Defluxion of Humors And first because according to the opinion of Galen 4. de comp Med. sec loc we may not apply Topicks to any part except the whol Body be first often purged we must use ordinary Evacuations by Bleeding and Purging according to the nature and temper of the Patient and these must be repeated through the whol time of Cure as often as need requireth Then we must apply Drying and Clenâ—ing Topicks or Medicines to the place affected beginning with the mildest first The Examples of which are these Take of the best Honey and old white Wine of each three ounces boyl them and skim them drop of this into the Ear and stop it with Cotton dipt in the same After that it may be stronger mix the juyce of Horehound Smallage Wormwood and the lesser Centaury or of Sowbread with Honey boyl them gently and drop thereof into the Ear. Or Take of the Juyce of Beets one ounce Horehound half an ounce the best Honey six drams â—oyl these a little then ad of the Syrup of Wormwood two drams Mix them You may make a stronger Medicine thus Take of the Juyce of Sowbread one ounce Myrrh one dram Saffron half a scruple Frankinsence one scruple Verdegreece half a scruple old Wine one ounce and an half boyl them gently till the Wine be consumed drop of this twice or thrice in a day into the Ear. Observe Before you drop any liquor into the Ear you wash the ear in warm Hydromel or water and Honey and wipe it wel with lint upon a Probe armed When the Ulcer is sufficiently Clensed you must come to Cicatrizing Thus. Take of Round Birthwort Pomâ—granate peels and Galls of each half an ounce boyl them in equal parts of Wine and Smiths-forge-water to half a pint when it is strained ad to it of the juyce of Plantane and Poligonum of each one ounce Honey of Roses two drams mix them and drop of this into the Ear. Or Take of Frankinsence and Myrrh of each one dram Gum of Juniper half a dram Sarcocol and Labdanum of each one scruple Make a Pouder of them and mix it with Turpentine into Balls which you must lay upon the Coals so that the Patient may take the Fume into his Ear by a funnel Or You may mix that Pouder with some of the aforesaid Juyces and drop thereof into the Ear. Or You may mix burnt Allum with white Wine for this hath a very great Drying quality If the Ulcer be stubborn and old it is nourished by a Defluxion which you must labor to remove by usual Purges Diets of Lignum vitae and Sarsa by Errhins Masticatories Cauteries and other Remedies that wil divert Then must you use stronger Medicines to dry the Ulcer such as we prescribed of juyce of Sowbread Myrrh and Verdegreece Or this following Medicine of Valescus with which he saith that he Cured a Priest that had an Ulcer in his Ear from the eighth yeer of his age Take of Honey ten drams Vinegar eight drams boyl them take off the scum and put to one dram of Verdegreece Mix them These must be dropt morning and evening into the Ear after it is washed with this Decoction Take of Wormwood Marsh Mallows and Agrimony of each one handful boyl them in equal parts of water and white Wine put to it towards the conclusion to half a pint Dissolve in the strained Liquor Oximel simple one ounce and an half Allum poudered one dram wash the ear with this warmed and after dry it with an armed Probe If the pain come from sharp Medicines drop in the Oyl of sweet or bitter Almonds with Myrrh Aloes and Saffron and if it be violent mix a little Opium or drop in the Oyl made of yolks of Eggs in a leaden Mortar If the Ulcer be very foul you must use Aegypâ—iacum Dissolved in the aforesaid Juyces Lastly Galen Aerius and Others both Greeks and Arabians do much Commend the Rust of Iron for the drying of Ulcers in the Ear. Galen 3. de comp med sec loc useth Scales of Iron ground or boyled with the sharpest Vinegar Hollerius in his Comment upon that Chapter doth prefer the Arrabian Preparation for they first grind the Iron with Vinegar then they dry it
thus they do seven times then they make it very fine and boyl it long with the best Vinegar while it is as thick as Honey and then they dry it and use it with Honey or other liquors If the Pain of the Ear come from any thing fallen into it as a little stone Cherry-stone or the like which wil be very grievous and somtimes cause Convulâ—ions Inflamations and Death as Matthaeus de Gradi saith of a Boy of ten yeers had a Cherry-stone in his ear and through the ignorance of the Chirurgeon he endured great pain and after died You must draw out these things thus First You may try with an Ear-picker which you must carefully attempt lest your instrument force it further which often hapeneth Therefore if that which is fallen into the ear do fill the hole it is better to abstain from the use of the Ear-picker and try these Remedies Paulus uâ—eth to dip his armed Ear-picker in Rozin Turpentine Gum or the like and to put it into the Ear turning of it till you get it out by degrees If thus you cannot put hot Oyl continually into the Ear to relax the part and make the thing contained slippery so it will easier come forth Use Neesings with the mouth and nostrils shut for so it will be forced out of the Ears These are to be followed till the party be freed for if it continue long in the Ear it will be inflamed and then the thing will be more difficult and dangerous to be drawn forth Arculanus upon Rhasis affirmeth that the Head of a Lizard applied to the Ear will draw out any thing and confirmeth it by his own Experience in these words In my Experiences for drawing things out of the Ear this is one Tie a live Lizard or one lately dead with his head to the Ear for the space of three hours and when you take it away you shall find the thing sticking to the head of thâ— Lizard and this is good for the extraction of any thing wheresoever it is fastened Lastly If the former Medicines do not prevail you must come to the use of a Chyrurgical Instrument which is at large elegantly declared by Fabricius Hildanus Cent. 1. Observ 4 5 6. and by Aquapendent in his Chyrurgical Operations in his Chapter of the Chyrurgery for the Ears Somtimes Fleâ—s get into the Ears and moving themselves in the Cavity bring much disturbance For the taking out of them make a little ball of dogs hair and put it into the Ear so will the Flea by reason of its affection to dogs come into it Or make a tent and put it often into the Ear with a little Turpentine Oftentimes through swimming or washing of the Head water getteth into the Ears which is very troublesom this is shaken forth by hopping on the contrary foot and holding the Ear down If this will not do you must â—uck it out with a reed or a pair of bellows If you arm the pipe with tow to make it stick cloâ—e and keep the air out of the Ear it will be better Galen and Aetius continue in powring in of Oyl suppling the Ear and then wiping it with wool and after using Oyl for divers times And lastly Put soft and dry Spunge into the Ear often till it come out dry CHAP. IV. Of those things which come forth of the Cavities of the Ears preternaturally MAny Preternatural things come out of the Ears which we will set down particularly with their Remedies First After an imposthume is broken which came after an Inflamation or from an Ulcer coming from sharp Humors filth or matter useth to come forth whose Cure is laid down in the former Chapter Somtimes blood comes out of the Ears as in wounds of the head or blows by which the Veins of the Ears are broken or rent If this flux be smal it is not to be stopt because then being reteined it would cause Inflamation but if it be great or of long continuance it must be stopt by bleeding in the Arm and Cupping glasses applied to the Shoulders with Scarification Then you must drop cooling and binding things in as juyce of Pâ—â—ntane Polygonum or the Decoction of Madder red Roses Mastich Acacia Hypocistis Pomegranate flowers Sumach and the like made in Wine and Vinegar or Smiths forge-Forge-water Somtimes Water comes out of the Brain into the Ears as in children which must not be stopt for if it be suddenly stopt it cauâ—eth the Falling-sickness or some grievous Disease of the Brain for Nature casts forth Excrements by that way though not proper and the great moistness in childrens heads is not only purged by the ordinary waies ordained by Nature as the Nostrils and Pallat but also by the Ears Eyes and the whoâ— Head from whence it becomes sore But when this Evacuation is symptomatical and the humor begins to ulcerate the Ears and hurt the hearing we will lay down a convenient Method for the â—ure And â—irst The abounding â—umors in the Head are to be purged with gentle Medicines often repeated and to be derived by Veâ—catorâ—es to the Neck and by a Caustick Then you must clense the Ears and dry them with this Medicine Take of the Juyce of Agrimony and Wormwood of each four ounces white Wine and Honey of Roses of each one ounce Boyl them a little and drop into the Ear after it is wiped then stop it with Cotton dipped in the same Take oâ— white Wine four ounces the Juyce of Agrimony Wormwood and Centaury the less of each one ounce Boyl them and drop into the Ear. In elder people if water floweth out â—f the Ears long you must purge the whol Body and the Brain with a Cephalick Apozeme that is purging then you must consume the superfluous Humidity with a Sudorifick Diet derive it with Vesicatories Cauteries and Cupping glasses and use other Remedies which are set down in the Cure of the Cold Distemper of the Brain Lastly There are Worms somtimes in the Ears coming out of filthy Ulcers which are cured with the Ulcer but because the Ulcer cannot be speedily cured you must therefore endeavor the Cure of the Worms Take this one Medicine as an Example Take of the Oyl of bitter Almonds the Juyce of Smallage and the less Centaury of each two ounces Vinegar two drams Boyl them a little then ad of Mirrh and Aloes of each one scruple Mix them and drop into the Ear. If you will make it stronger put half a scruple of Coloquintida thereunto The End of the Third Book THE FOURTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Nostrils The PREFACE THe Nostrils use to have many Affects which are referred either to the Series or Method of Diseases or of Symptoms These are Diseases An Ulcer Ozaena Sarcoma and Polypus These are Symptoms The loss of Smelling Stinking in the Nose the Coryza or Pose Sneezing Bleeding Therefore this Fourth Book shall be referred to Seven Heads The First Chapter is
with a little Wine he was recovered throwing also Water in his face after that he had a large stool was brought to his bed and bled with less violence then giving a dram and an half of Lapis Prunellae in cold Water presently the blood franched when the same and other Medicines could not formerly do it Although fainting be not vulgarly accounted a Remedy against bleeding at the Nose yet Hipp. lib. 3. Epid. Sect. 7. saith thus These things stop the bleeding of the Veins swouning the alteration of the posture or figure of the Body mâ—erception a tent apposition and deligation or binding Galen in 5. meth cap. 5. teacheth the same in these words Moreover Blood is stanched 〈◊〉 by fainting and by revulsion and derivation to the parts adjoyning and by cooling of the whole Body and especially the part afflicted But you must observe that fainting doth only profit when the blood floweth from the Veins which are terminated in the superficie of the body which Hippocrates also hints at when he prescribeth tents bandage and the like For when blood cometh from the internal parts as in an Hemoptoe or spitting of blood immoderate flux of the terms or internal wounds then fainting will encrease the bleeding the heat being thereby drawn into those parts from whence the blood cometh Zacutus Lucitanus Lib. 1. Praxis admirandae Obs 66. reports that he cured a desperate Hemorrhagy which would yield to no other Medicines by an actual Cautery to the soals of both feet which Remedy he saith had like success in a great bleeding at the mouth coming from the opening of the Vein called Ranuncula under the Tongue by corrosion from a sharp Gatarrh and when the Blood had flowen two dates to the quantity of twenty pounds and many astringents and Emplaâ—ers had been used as also Revulsies and thickening Medicines with Narcoticks or Stupefactives by a Cautery in the soal of the foot it was stanched If still he bleed after all the aforesaid Revulsions have been tried you must come to repelling Medicines such as are vulgarly called Anacollemata things to be applied to the Forehead and Temples which are thus made Take of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence Mastick and Aloes of each one dram Bran and the hair of an Hare cut smal of each half a dram one white of an Egg the Juyce of Plantane and Nightshade of each as much as is sufficient to make a Cataplasm for the Forehead and the Temples In extremity you may quickly make a Cataplasm of Bole-Armenick only mixed with the white of an Egg and Vinegar for the same parts The most excellent is made of Time and Vinegar and applied to the Temples and the Forehead as thick as two fingers and if the first application do it not let it be repeated and it will certainly cure Amatus Lusitanus commends a cap made with the aforesaid Pouders mixed with Vinegar and Water laid upon the Head being shaven which you may try in great extremity Also you may make a Fomentation of very cold Water or Water and Vinegar to the Temples and Forehead changing your cloaths as they grow hot Or you may make a Fomentation of the Juyce of Plantane Knotgrass Hors-tail Shepheards-purse and the like with a little Vinegar to make it pierce Where mark That the Head is not to be washed with cold Water nor repelling Medicines to be laid to the Forehead before you have made sufficient Revulsions otherwise the blood being struck in with cooling wil fill the Veins above as Galen sheweth 5. meth cap. 6. and so the flux will be encreased by the heat encreased through Antiperistasis by which the motion and force of the blood is encreased or if the blood be stopt there will follow a Convulsion Apoplexy short and difficult breathing called Dyspnoea or the like Vinegar alone will stop blood if the Forehead be fomented therewith in a Spunge Or if you dip a Spunge in Vinegar and put it into the Nose To throw cold Water in the Face doth not only drive back the blood but also draweth inward by fear if done on a sudden and unawares As a syncope or swouning as we said before stancheth blood by the retraction of it inward by the same reason doth fear also A great quantity namely two or three glasses must be cast into the face divers times in a short time Ordinarily they use to hinder the ascent of the Blood with fomenting of the Neck with a cloth dipped in cold Vinegar and bound about the Neck changed often before it turn warm Vinegar and Water held in the mouth doth drive the blood down and keeps the blood from falling into the Throat Also Vinegar put into the Ear next to the Nostril bleeding is good to close the Vein A Bean or piece of money bound to the root of the Nose between the Eyebrows stoppeth the flux Also you must observe if the Veins or Arteries in the Forehead or Temples do swell for then you must bind them down with Money or a dry Bean slit in length and this is a special Remedy And for the better Compression you must lay a Pledget dipt in the white of an Eg beaten with Time upon the Bean or Money The sume of Vinegar sprinkled upon a hot Iron taken into the Nostrils will close the opened Veins As also Vinegar and Water often snuffed up Besides those things which repel we must use things that close and glutinate the Veins For which end many Remedies may be put into the Nose Galen lib. de paratu facilibus cap. 13. used Frankinsence and Aloes poudered with white of an Egg and the hairs of an Hare upon lint Or you may make a Tent thus Take of Frankinsence Aloes Dragons blood Bran Cobwebs and the hair of an Hare cut smal of each half a dram made up in a Tent with juyce of Plantane The same Pouders may be blown into the Nose For which purpose also great Practitioners do commend the pouder of Eg shels burnt and burnt Paper But you must remember besides the use of these pouders at the same time to fill the mouth with cold Water lest the Medicine get into the mouth The Cotton of an Ink-horn squeezed a little and made into a tent doth powerfully stop As also laid and bound to the Forehead If it yet continue you must come to Escharoticks which by burning the mouths of the Veins produce a Scab and so stay the blood But these must be used warily for when the Eschar falls off they will bleed again Burnt Vitriol is the best which besides its Escharotick quality is good to stanch blood If you will make it gentle you must mix other Medicines thus Take of Galls half a pound Allum a quarter of a pound Calcine them and blow the pouder into the Nose Or Take of Bole-Armenick Dragons blood Frankinsence Aloes Time burnt Vitriol Sarcocol and Mastich of each one dram Make afine Pouder White Vitriol is more gentle than
Line and Fenugreek seeds of each one dram the flowers of Chamomel Melilot Elder and Violets of each one pugil Boyl them together with which fomenâ— the side that is pained in a Hogs bladder After Fomentation apply the Liniment aforesaid to which in the progress of the Disease you may ad more dissolving Oyls as of Dill and Flowerdeluce as also the pouder of Flowerdeluce and Saffron And to the Fomentation ad discussing Herbs as Origan Calaminth Hyâ—op and the discussing seeds Many other Topicks are very profitable against Pleurisies which Authors relate as these First anoint the part with Oyntment of Marsh-mallows then lay on the pouder of Cummin seed or a Colewort Leaf heat at the fire and anointed with the same Faventinus mixeth the Oyntment of Althaea with Oyl of sweet Almonds and after he hath anointed sprinkles on the pouder of Cummin seeds and laieth on a Colewort Leaf and this he commends highly Also the Cataplasm following is very profitable Take the Residency or Ingredients of the Decoction above mentioned for a Fomentation beat them in a stone Morter adding of the Oyl of sweet Almonds Lillies and Chamomel of each two ounces Hens grease one ounce Barley and Bean flower of each as much as is sufficient to make a Cataplasm Also a live Hen slit through the back and sprinkled with the pouder of Flowerdeluce roots being applied doth very well The Paunch of a Sheep laid hot to the part is a very good Anodine but the Lungs are better The Chymical Oyl of Wax being mixt with the Liniments asswageth pain and powerfully discusseth the matter Hot Bread from the Oven dipt in fresh Butter and applied doth very much dissolve the matter fixed to the side After he hath taken twice or thrice of the Julep aforesaid you may use Pectoral Juleps thus made Take of Barley one pugil Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each one ounce Jujubes twenty the four great cold Seeds of each three drams Bugloss and Violet flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and a quarter Dissolve in the straining Syrup of Violets and Jujubes of each two ounces Make a Julep for four doses to be taken morning and evening Or if the Feaver be very sharp and much watching you may make the Emulsions following Take of Almonds blanched and steeped in cold Water one ounce the four great cold seeds of each half an ounce Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each two drams beat them in a marbâ—â— morter powring on by degrees the Decoction of Barley and Liquoris one pint and an half strain it and dissolve in it Syrup of Violets three ounces Make an Emulsion for three doses to be taken morning and evening Some Practitioners in want of sleep give Narcoticks as Syrup of Poppies Philonium Romanum and Laudanum which are dangerous in this disease for they stop spitting and astringe and strengthen the Breast From whente often times comes sudden death But this must be understood of the whol dose of Narcoticks for given in a very smal quantity they do good in vehement pain a thin defluxion which causeth a Cough and in want of sleep In which cases I have often given one grain of Laudanum with good success and somtimes often But the use of this is most proper in the beginning of the disease for then the humor flowing to the part may be restrained and the encrease of the Disease hindered When the Cough is violent and Nature begins to evacuate by spirting let the Patient hold often in his mouth Sugar of Roses Sugar candy or Penides or the Tablets of Diatragacanth frigid Syrup of Violets and Jujubes Or this Eclegma following Take of Sugar candy and Penides of each one ounce the pouder of Diatragacanth frigid two drams Syrup of Violets and Jujubes of each as much as will make a Lohoch which let him take often with a Liquoris stick or make it of Butter Honey and Sugar of each equal parts the Oyl of Linseed or of sweet Almonds being fresh drawn without fire mixed with Sugar doth much help the Cough and pain in the Pleurisie especially if it be drunk in Broth or any other Decoction If the spittle be thick you must mix some attenuating and cutting Medicines as Syrup of Coksfoot Liquoris Oxymel simple pouder of Diaireos and the like You must take these lying with the face upwards for so they better go to the Lungs As the Disease encreaseth you may use this restoring Medicine to strengthen Take of Conserve of Violets one ounce Conserve of Borrage flowers and Bugloss roots of each half an ounce Confection of Alkermes two drams pouder of Diamargariton frigid and Diatragacanth frigid of each one dram Sugar of Roses as much as all the rest Make a Composition covered with Gold to be taken often with a spoon Purging is improper in a true Pleurisie except it be in the declination and then you may appoint this Take of Senna half an ounce Annis seeds one dram Bugloss and Maiden-hair of each half a handful Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each three drams the flowers of Bugloss and Violets of each one Pugil Boyl them to two ounces in the straining dissolve of Rhubarb infused in Scabious Water with a little yellow Sanders four scruples the best Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make of these a Potion In the whol time of the disease let him take Barley Water for his ordinary drink made with Liquoris Poppies and Maiden-hair and let not his drink be actually cold for it would hurt the Breast Wine in this Disease is Poyson and also all sharp things which provoke Coughing and by their astringency hinder spitting In the declination of the Disease after purging and when the Feaver is less if the pain continue you may apply to the part Cupping-glasses with Scarrification two daies together They may also be applied before the declination after often bleeding And if the pain still encrease and return you may again let blood and after Cup with Scarrification Zacutus Lusitanus having taken off the Cupping-glasses applied six Horsleeches with good success as he witnessed observ 104. lib. 1. Praxis admirandae For the same purpose to discuss the reliques of the matter having first tried Fomentations and Liniments you may apply with benefit the Emplaister of Brimstone and Bay-berries Besides vulgar Medicines there are some proper and specifical namely the shavings of a Boars Tusk the ashes of the Pizzle of a Bull or Deer the flowers of red Poppies or Corral prepared Quercetan in his Dispensatory commends an Apple made hollow and one dram of Frankinsence put therein and roasted which the Patient must eat and drink three ounces of Carduus Water after then cover himself warm and sweat He will have this Medicine used after the third day and affirmeth that many have been restored therewith The flowers of Box-tree do so much purge the Blood that if a dram of them in pouder be given with Poppy Water and a
at some distance apply often those Cupping-glasses to the Hypochondria or under the Ribs And let him take the following Julep thrice every day Take of Plantane and Poppy Water of each two ounces Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Lapis Prunellae one dram Mix them for a Julep Lastly You must often purge the serous and Chollerick humors which make the blood more thin and fluid with Medicines that have an astringent Vertue As Take of Rhubarb one dram yellow Myrobolans half a dram Tamarinds half an ounce Infuse them in Plantane Water strain it and dissolve in it Pouder of Rhubarb half a dram Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Make a Potion Then give Medicines that close the Orifices of the Vessels by an astringent quality but such as will not retain the blood in the Breast by too much astriction therefore mix somtimes with them such as dissolve and expectorate the congealed blood which is out of the Vessels Of all which these following are the best Take of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata both sorts of Coral Blood-stone of each half a dram Sugar of Roses half an ounce With one white of an Egg well beaten with Rose Water make a Lohoch Or you may make one more speedily and more pleasant thus Take of the Water of the white of an Egg well beaten two drams Sugar of Roses one ounce white Starch three drams Mix them for a Lohoch Or Take of Conserve of Roses and the greater Comfry of each one ounce Bole-Armenick and Terra Sigillata of each one dram With the Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiate to be often held in the mouth and swallowed by degrees Take of Conserve of dried Roses Troches of Amber and of sealed Earth of each half a dram prepared Pearls one scruple Sugar of Roses as much as of all the rest Mix them and let him take a spoonful thereof one hour before meat Take of the Juyce of Purslain twelve ounces Sugar eight ounces Boyl them to a Syrup of which let him often lick This is the best for spitting of blood And if you want Purslain you may take Plantane The Syrup of Comfry according to Fernelius prescribed by Bauderon is good for the same Take of Yarrow with the white Flower and yellow Flower of each two handfuls Green Roots of Tormentil with the Leaves if they may be had otherwise of the dry one ounce the greater Burnet one handful Conserve of red Roses half a pound spring Water sixteen pints put them in a glassed pot covered and luted that the vapors may not come forth then boyl them in Balneo Mariae sixteen hours keep the straining in a glass and take six ounces thereof every morning noon and night Take of the Troches of Amber one dram Plantane and Rose Water of each one ounce and an half Syrup of Mirtles and dried Roses of each half an ounce Mix them for a Julep Take of Spirit of Vitriol half a scruple Plantane Water four ounces Mix them for a Potion This presently stops blood coming either by Cough or Vomiting Two spoonfuls of Syrup of Coral taken every day is good against all manner of bleeding But the Tincture of Coral drawn with Juyce of Lemmons is more powerful Quercetan in his Dispensatory prescribeth this following Water against spitting of blood which is very excellent Take of the Roots of Snakeweed Comfry and Tormentil of each one ounce Knotgrass Yarrow Veronica Winter-Green Sanicle Shepheards-purse with the Roots of each one handful Bramble tops and Mastich wood of each half a handful Sumach and Myrtle berries the seeds of Plantane Barberries and white Poppies of each six drams the flowers of Water Lillies Guords Quinces and red Roses of each two pugils Bruise them and mix them then steep them four daies at the fire in the Juyces of Plantane Purslain Sorrel and Agrimony of each two pints then strain them well and put to them Acacia and Hypocistis or Conserve of sloes of each two ounces sealed Earth Bole-Armenick of each half an ounce the Electuary of Diatragacanth frigid two drams then macerate them again four daies and distill them Take two or three spoonfuls of this Water alone or with some proper Syrup The Chymical Oyl of Amber doth pierce astringe and dry powerfully if you give two drops thereof in Plantane Water As Cesalpinus teacheth in his Speculum Artis Medicae Mercurialis in his consultations doth highly commâ—nd the seeds of white Poppies or white Heâ—ane to be tak en every morning in the quantity of a dram with Sugar of Roses and Syrup of Purâ—â—ane So you may also use the white Diacodium or Syrup of Poppies prescribed in the Cure of the Phrenzy Amatus Lucitanus doth highly commend the Juyce of Nettles in these words They which have vomited blood after they have been given over by Physitians have been cured only by the juyce of Nettles drunk five or six daies fasting in the quantity of four ounces and by Nettle Broth. Sanguis Draconis doth wonderfully conglutinate all inward Veins if you give half a dram thereof with Plantane Water or other proper Liquor or Medicine The usual Pills to hold under the Tongue may be made thus Take of the Mucilage of Gum Arabick and Tragacanth drawn with Plantane Water of each two drams Mummy and Mastich of each one dram Sugar of Roses as much as will make Pills of which let him hold one continually in his mouth And take this following Pouder in his Broths Take of red Coral and prepared Pearl of each half a dram Gum Arabick and Tragacanth of each two drams Make a Pouder Or boyl white Poppy seeds and Sumach tied in a clout in his Broth. Narcoticks are good in this case and you must use them thus Take of Syrup of Poppies Jujubes and dried Roses of each one ounce Mix them and take a spoonful every night Or Take of Syrup of Poppies and Purslain of each three drams Terra Sigillata half a dram Purslain and Plantane Water of each one ounce and an half Make a Potion to be taken at night Or Take of Syrup of Myrtles and Poppies of each one ounce Bole-Armenick half a dram mix them to be taken at night Somtimes you may give Treacle of four months old as Galen teacheth 5. Method cap. 13. or Philonium Romanum or Laudanum Platerus reports that he cured one only with the Troches of Winter Cherries with Opium dissolved in Goats milk taken some daies and also that he cured a Woman with one ounce and an half of Manna given in Broth and with blood and the use of the Tablets following morning and evening for many daies Take of the Seeds of white Henbane poudered finely two scruples red Coral half a dram Gum Arabick one scruple new Violets ten the Juyce of Barberries two drams Sugar dissolved in Rose and Plantane Water two ounces Make Tablets Trallianus lib. 7. cap. 1. doth highly commend the Blood-stone by which he saith that he cured many giving it to four scruples with
Diseases But the Heart hath a Natural Faculty to contract and dilate it self therefoâ—e a Palpitation cannot be without its motion And they do in vain muster up Galens Reasons so thought by them to prove that the Palpitation of the Heart comes not by Nature but by a Diâ—ease or cause of a Disease For Galen in all those places speaks of no other Palpitation than that which is in the Skin and other external parts and not of the palpitation of the Heart which is of another Nature and Galen 2. de sympt caus cap. 2. saith that the Palpitation of the Heart and Arteries is different from that of the other parts Therefore the Palpitation of the Heart is an immoderate and preternatural shaking of the part with a great Diastole or Dilatation and a vehement Systole or contraction which somtimes is so great that as Fernelius observes it hath often broken the Ribs adjoyning somtimes displaced them which are over the Paps and somtimes it hath so dilated an Artery forth into an Aneurism as big as ones fist in which you might both see and feel the pulsation This immoderate shaking of the Heart comes from the Pulsative Faculty provoked But here may be objected That in Feavers all these things are found for this is an immoderatâ— Systole and Diastole by the provocation of the Faculty through some troublesom matter or by encrease of heat in the Heart To this we answer That the motion of the Heart in Feavers is distinguished from Palpitation only by its degrees and the depraved motion of the Heart when it is vehement is called Palpitation but if it be not vehement it is called a quick great and swift Pulse and is referred to the differenceâ— of Pulses Now the Efficient Causes of this Palpitation may be referred to Three Heads Either it is somwhat which troubleth and pricketh or necessity of Refrigeration or defect of Spirits which two latter may be referred to the encrease of Custom The Molesting Cause is most usual so that many Authors knew no other the other are rare and that is either a vapor or wind which troubleth the Heart either in quantity or quality or both The quality is either manifest or occult A vapor troublesom in a manifest quality is either in the Heart and its parts adjoyning or it is sent from other parts and this suddenly getting to the inmost parts of the Heart doth stir up the Expulâ—ive Faculty which being Naturally very strong ariseth powerfully with all its force to expel the enemy In the Heart and thereabout especially in the Pericardium are gathered somtimes cold and thick Humors which send up vapors to the Ventricles of the Heart which cause Palpitation But from more remote parts vapors and wind are sent to the Ventricles of the Heart as from the Stomach Spleen Mother and the other parts of the lower Belly Many times a Vapor that troubles the Heart by an occult quality ariseth in malignant Feavers Plague and after Poyson and somtimes from Worms putrified and the terms stopped from corrupt feed or other putrid matter which do much stir up the Expulsive Faculty thereof Divers Humors do molest the Heart either with their quantity or quality so too much Blood oppresâ—ing the Veins Arteries and Ventricles of the Heart so that they cannot move freely makes a Palpitation by hindering motion which that the Faculty may oppose it moveth more violently So Water in the Pericardium being in great quantity doth compreâ—s the substance of the Heart and its Ventricle so that they cannot freely dilate themselves The same do Humors flowing in abundance to the Heart as it happens somtimes in Wounds Fear and Terror Humors offending in quality hurt the Heart if they be venemous putrid corrupt sharp or too hot especially burnt Choller coming to the Heart and provoking its Expulsion Also Tumors though seldom cause this Disease as Inflamation of the Heart Imposthumes or Swelling in the Arteries of the Lungs neer the Heart which Galen saith befel Antipater the Physitian 4. de loc aff by which after an unequal Pulse he fell into a Palpitation and an Asthma and so died so Dodonaeus reports that he found a Callus in the great Artery next to the Heart which caused a Palpitation for many yeers Also Tumors in the Pericardium whether they be without humors and scirrhus or with humors in them as the Hydatides or watery Pustles and little stones bones and pieces of flesh are somtimes growing in the Heart which cause Palpitation So Platerus reports that in one who had a long Palpitation and died thereof there was found a bone in his Heart But Schenkius reports that in a Priest who was from his youth to the age of forty two troubled with a Palpitation there was found in the bottom of his Heart an Excrescens of flesh which weighed eight drams and resembled another Heart The Second Cause of Palpitation is necessity of refrigeration which is when there is a pretâ—â—natural heart in the Heart by which the Spirits are inflamed within and therefore the motion of the Heart and Arteries is encreased that what is spent may be restored and the heat cooled and this comes somtimes from an internal cause which is rare but oftener of an external as anger vehement exercise and the like As Platerus observed in a yong man who being hot and angry at Tennis fell into a Palpitation of the Heart and so died The third Cause is the defect of Spirits which comes by hunger watching anger Joy fear shame and great Diâ—eases and other causes which do suddenly dissipate the Spirits which defect the Heart laboring to repair that it may beget more quick and plentiful and send them into the whol Body sooner it doth enlarge its motion and make it quicker You must observe for conclusion that it is more ordinary to see a Palpitation which comes by consent from other parts than from the Heart it self For it hath a consent with all parts by the Veins and Artâ—ries by which Vapors Wind and Humors are sent Which all shall be shewed in the Diagnosis following The Diagnosis or knowledg of this Disease is directed either to the Disease or the Causes which produce it The Disease is subject to sence it may be felt with the hands somtimes seen and heard for the Artery may be seen to leap especially in the Jugular And Forestus saith it may be heard by an Example of a yong man that they who passed by might hear it by laying their Ear to the Window Also the Causes are distinguished by their Signs A hot distemper is known by the greatness of the Pulse and swiftness by a Feaver and heat of the Breast by great and often breathing and desire of cold things If the Palpitation come of wind it quickly comes and goes and is presently raised by little motion and the Breath is difficult with trembling somtimes at the knees mists in the Eyes noise in the Ears and somtimes pain of some
part which quickly is gonâ— but you must gather the Nature and quality of the Vapor by the signs of the Humor which aboundeth in any part because vapors do alwaies arise from Humors If the Palpitation come from Humors in the Heart the Disease doth not come so suddenly and continueth longer and you may know what kind of humor it is by the signs of the Humor which abounds throughout the whol Body And especially if it be from Blood from which it most often proceedeth and this is known by a divers and unequal Pulse somtimes great somtimes smal slow and swift to which the Breathing answereth in proportion the Patients heart seemeth to be bound and oppressed as appears by the exceeding heat distension of the Veins redness of Face the time being Spring the Age Region and Diet causing Blood to abound That which comes by consent from other parts is known by the proper signs of the parts affected so we know that it is from the stomach when there is want of Appetite loathing vomiting of base Humors and gnawing at the Stomach A troublesom breathing about the Pancreas or Spleen or any other disease of the Spleen sheweth that the matter lurketh there from whence the vapors fly to the Heart so suppression of the Terms and Hysterical fits declare that it comes from the Womb. The Water abounding in the Pericardium is harder to be known but we may conjecture if the Pulse be weak and faint and the Patient bemoaneth himself that his heart as it were is somtimes in Water and is suffocated and if it be constant and he incline to an Atrophy or Hectick If malignant humors cause it there will be great change in the Pulse a loss of strength somtimes fainting and other signs of malignity If it come from a Tumor there is remarkable variety in the Pulse and the motion of the Heart is different from the natural very unequal and inordinate and if the humor be hot there will be great inflamation in the Body great thirst difficulty of breathing and fainting will follow with death but if the Tumor be hard and in the Pericardium the disease is constant and the Patient decayes by degrees without any manifest cause if flesh or any more solid thing grow to the heart there will be a continual Palpitation from the beginning of the Disease to the end of Life Lastly You may know when it comes by want of Spirits by the precedent causes which destroyed the Spirits and by the quick and smal pulse and when it comes from the least labor or motion Somtimes the like befals them that are well from walking or other motion with a change of Pulse and a resembling Palpitation The Prognostick is to be taken thus It is dangerous from the hinderance of the motion of the Heart by which Life is preserved and it brings Syncopes and death For it is a true Observation of Galen Com. Aph. 41. Sect. 2. and 5. de loc aff cap. 2. All that in youth or in declining age are troubled with the Palpitation of the Heart very much die before they are old for the often Palpitation is a sign that the Vital faculty was very weak A Palpitation by Propriety is worse than by consent and somtimes deadly And that which is of an internal is worse than that which comes of an external Cause unless it be from poyson or some great wound If it come from a Tumor or solution of Unity it is incurable The Cure is various according to the variety of the Causes and first that which comes from a peculiar distemper of the Heart and Pericardium is incurable therefore we must look only at the Cure of that which is by consent which depends upon the divers diseases of the parts whose Cure must be sought in their proper Chapters But besides those Remedies which take away the Cause you must use those which asswage the Symptomes by refreshing the Heart and strengthening it and which discuss the vapors which arise from melancholly or crude waterish Humors as Cordial Juleps Opiates Epithems Perfumes which are prescribed in weakness and these that follow Take of Conserve of Balm Rosemary-flowers Borrage-flowers and Clove-gilly-flowers of each one ounce Confection of Acorns and old Treacle of each one dram the Pouder of Diamber and Diamoschi dulcis of each one scruple with the Syrup of Citron Barks make an Opiate which let him take often Take of Bugloss Rose and Orenge-flower Water of each two ounces the syrup of Clove-gilly-flowers one ounce and an half Cinnamon Water half an ounce the spirit of Roses two drams Confection of Acorns one dram mix them and give two spoonfuls now and then This following Liquor which immitateth the Juyce of Hearts described in the following Chapter is good Take of Hogs or Sheeps Hearts three Cinnamon and Cloves of each one dram Lettice and Sorrel seeds of each one dram and an half white Wine two ounces Borrage Scabious and Rose Water of each one ounce and an half Confection of Alkermes one dram boyl them all between Two Dishes and let him take two spoonfuls of the Liquor morning and evening Take of Red Roses and Rosemary-flowers of each two drams Lavender flowers one dram Angelica seeds Citron peels Cloves Cinnamon and Mace of each half a dram Saffron one scruple Musk and Amber-greece of each six grains Make a Bag with red Silk and sprinkle it with Rose water and white Wine and apply it warm to the Heart Take of Oyntment of Roses half an ounce Oyl of Cinnamon and Cloves of each six drops Musk and Amber-greece of each four grains Mix it for a Liniment for the heart Purging Clysters and Carminative to expel Wind are often to be given But in the Fit it is best to open a vein And Galen witnesseth 5. de loc aff cap. 2. That he never did it without profit Some apply Cupping Glasses without Scarrification to the Breast which they say are excellent to discuss Wind there contained Others to the Hypochondria when the matter of the Disease is there But Zacutus Lusitanus applied a Cupping Glass with Scarrification to the heart with wonderful success as you may read in prax admir obs 133. lib. 1. Others commend true Rhapontick given to two scruples in Wine or Wine wherein the same hath been steeped Chap. 3. Of WEAKNESSE ALthough Weakness of Strength doth generally comprehend the hinderance of al Actions Animal Vital and Natural yet more particularly it comprehends the Vital which are known by a Weak Pulse yet this Weakness useth to be found in al great Diseases in which Nature doth yeild or resist the Cause Therefore as in Palpitation the Action of the Heart that is Pulsation is depraved so in Weakness it is diminished Which is the same with a Syncope but it differs in this In a Syncope it is so little that it is hardly perceived but in Weakness the Pulse is manifest and not so little In this also the Animal Faculty is
alwaies offended Hence comes weak motion without hurt of the Brain Nerves or Muscles but from the defect of Vital Spirits which are not so sufficiently sent to the Head that they may be made Animal The immediate Cause of Weakness is Defect of the natural heat and spirits from which the life and strength of the parts do depend And this Defect is in every part from the Defect of Vital Spirits and heat flowing from the heart Now the Vital Spirits are Defective either because they are not bred many or because they are dissipated after they are Bred or Corrupted or Suffocated as we said in a Syncope where there is this difference That in a Syncope the Causes of Defect of Spirits do suddenly produce their effect but in Weakness they operate by degrees And therefore in Syncopes and Leipothymia al the Vital Spirits almost do suddenly fail but in this there are fewer then ought to be communicated to every part Moreover When the Natural heat wants not only adventitious heat but also radical moisture to feed upon if this moisture be wanting and diminished the natural heat must be less and the strength abated Now the Causes which hinder the spirits from being Generated or maketh them disperse themselves or Corrupt or Suffocate them are propounded in the Treatise of a Syncope The Diagnosis of this Disease needs no Explication because it is manifest and the Patients do complain of their Weakness But the signs of the Causes were Propounded in the Syncope The Prognostick depends upon the various disposition of Causes for as they are greater or less there is more or less danger The Cure of this Disease is to be directed to two things To the taking away of the Cause and the Restauration of the Heart and vital spirits The Causes are almost al great Diseases in which either Nature yeilds to or resisteth with difficulty therefore the taking away of the Cause belongs to the Cure of almost al Diseases which you must take from their proper Chapters But the strengthning of the Heart and restoring of the vital spirits are to be here declared somtimes to be preferred before the Cure of the Cause when death seems to be at hand but we must alwayes take heed least when we encrease the strength we encrease the Cause of the Disease and therefore in a hot Disease you must use more temperate Cordials but in a Cold Disease those that are more hot First then mix Cordials in his nourishment as Confectio Alkermes or Confectio de Hyacyntho in Broths or with pleasant Wine or Cinnamon Water if there be great weakness Boyl also between two Dishes a piece of a Leg of Mutton after the skin and fat is taken off and after that let the Patient drink the Broth being strained at one daught Or Take the Flesh of a Capon after the skin and fat is taken away cut it in pieces and put it in a glassed Pot well Luted and set it in Balneo Martae to boyl for five hours then let the Patient take two or three spoonfuls of the Liquor in all his Broths Or you may make a distilled Water thus Take a Capon or an Hen after the skin is taken off and the fat cut it in pieces then powr upon it Water of Bugloss Borrage Sorrel Roses and Orange Flowers of each half a pound the Pouder of three Sanders Aromaticum Rosatum and Cinnamen of each half an ounce yellow Sanders one ounce Lemmons sliced three Distill them according to art which must be given every hour by the spoonful The Juyce of Legs of Mutton only is of much use Half roast a Leg of Mutton and slash it upon the Spit take the Juyce and boyl it a little in the dish and give it either alone or with Broth or with Yolks of Eggs. Valeriola doth much commend the Juyce taken out of Sheeps Hearts And Zacutus Lucitanus confirms it by his Experience saying That he with this only Medicine a mouth continued cured a rich man who often swouned through weakness of the Vital Faculty and resolution of the Blood and Spirits when many other Medicines had been used in vain The Juyce is thus taken forth Slit the Heart of a Sheep or Goat in the middle then wash it well and last wash it with Rose Water then cut it in slices and put it in a glassed Vassel with a few Cloves and no other Liquor And after the Pot is well luted put it into the Oven after it is drawn till the Juyce come forth Give this to the Patient to drink The Italians use Caudles of Yolks of Eggs Wine Sugar and Cinnamon which is very restorative Zacutus Lucitanus makes a fine dish of twenty Yolks of Eggs as you may see in the 107. Observation Lib. 2. of his Admirable Practice You may make Cordial Juleps thus Take of the Water of Bugloss Roses and Orange flowers of each one ounce Syrup of Apples and Lemmons of each half an ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram Cinnamon Water two drams Make a Julep Or make this following mixture Take of white Sugar two ounces moisten it well with the best Cinnamon Water then put to it as much Spirit of Vitriol as is sufficient to make it sharp then ad of the Essence of Cinnamon four drops the Essence of Mace Nutmegs and Annis seeds of each three drops the Essence of Cloves two drops Mix them and take it either by it self or in Broth. You may also make a restoring Opiate thus Take of Conserve of Roses Bugloss Borrage and Clove gilli-flowers of each one ounce Citron Barks and Nutmegs candied of each three drams one candied Myrobalan Confectio Alkermes half an ounce the Spirit of Roses and Essence of Citrons of each half a dram the Essence of Cinnamon six drops With the Syrup of Apples make an Opiate take it often This Water following is excellent Take of the Jelly of Harts-horn drawn with white Wine four pints the Blood of a Lamb and a Calf clensed with the hands from all fibres of each two pints Muschadel Canary and Malago Wine of each three pints of Calfs Hearts cut in pieces four Crums of new white Bread dipped in Milk two pound and an half the Juyce of Balm one pint and an half Rose and Orange Flower Water of each one pint great Citrons sliced three Cinnamon four ounces Mace one ounce Put them in a large glass Still and still them in Balneo Mariae You may make a most excellent and precious Cordial Water after this manner Take of Amber-greese two drams Musk two scruples Lignum Aloes one dram and an half the white part of Benjamin three drams after they are bruised and mixed put them into Spirit of Wine and setting them upon a gentle fire draw out the Tincture fully and then filter off the Liquor and draw off half the spirit with an Alembick upon the ashes with a very gentle fire keep the Liquor close stopped in a Glass with a Cork waxed over and a
unknown and not to be expressed Let us therefore search after it in the Macrocosm or grater World of which there is a great Analogy or resemblance in the little World And therefore the more witty Hermets say that there is a certain Spirit or acide Liquor sent from the Spleen into the Stomach which dissolveth the solid nourishment and shortly converteth it into Chylous Liquor and that is the principal Instrument of digestion And some conjecture that this may be made because Birds who digest the hardest nourishment have a Spleen round about their Maw for the flesh which is found about their Stomachs is like the substance of a Spleen from whence there is a more noble use of the Spleen than what is allowed by the Ancients who said that it was only for the purging of the grosser sort of Blood because according to this opinion it serveth for concoction of meat Therefore if the Spirit or sharp Liquor which comes from the Spleen when it is in its Natural condition makes a natural and moderate digestion the same spirit being altered from its natural condition and defiled or made sharper or more dissolving it will sooner dissolve solid nourishment and when they are so dissolved and thrown from the Stomach it will make a new immoderate Appetite We do not conclude that this new Doctrine is certain and undoubted but we only shew it that solid wits may examine it And we will talk of it again when we speak of the causes of the hinderance of Concoction The signs by which this disease is known are manifest for it will appear to them that eat and to the standers by that the Appetite is depraved which causeth such devouring of meat which afterwards is thrown up by vomit and then it is Fames Canina and if Vomits follow not then there is fainting with coldness of the extream parts and this is called Boulimia The signs of the Causes may be found by the Antecedents Concomitants and Consequents These are the signs of a cold distemper and of sharp humors in the Stomach belching and sharp vomiting crude dejections or stools want of thirst and external Causes of refrigeration afore going If it come from defect of Nourishment the Patient is lean and there are causes present or fore-going of the dissolving of the Humidity and lastly the signs of Worms shall be spoken of in their proper Chapter The Prognostick of this Disease is thus If it come only from External Causes it is not dangerous if they be presently taken away And if it come of Worms there is little danger for when they are taken away the Disease is cured But it is very dangerous if it follow great Evacuations and meltings of the body especially if after meat when the belly is yet ful there come a fainting for when that which should most help becomes unprofitable it signifies a great distemper of the Stomach So a Dog Appetite continuing with Vomiting and great Purging is dangerous for it useth to end in an evil habit dropsie lethargy consumption and the like As for the Cure because Fames Canina for the most part takes its Original from Melanchollick and Flegmatick Humors fastened in the Mouth of the Stomach therefore Medicines must principally be directed to them such as do empty and change the Humors and also strengthen the part affected You must Evacuate by Vomit or Stool with Medicines Prescribed in the Cure of Want of Appetite from a Cold Cause for although these Diseases are contrary yet come they from the same Humors different in the degrees of Coldness and second Qualities and such as diversly affect the Stomach Also the Remedies there Prescribed to heat the Stomach and strengthen it both internally and externally are excellent because they not only correct the Cold Distemper but dry and cause thirst and thirst coming hunger is diminished Moreover Wine plentifully taken asswageth hunger according to Hippocrates Aph. 21. Sect. 2 And especially the Spirit of Wine or Aqua Vitae They do properly stay Hunger which do much moisten the Stomach relax it and asswage the sharpness of humors As al Fat things and Oyls as Villanovanus reports That one thus diseased did eat a hot Loaf dipp'd in Oyl and a Woman drank the melted Sewet of an Ox with as much warm Oyl at Twice and both did so Disdain Meat That they eat nothing in Five Dayes and were Cured Narcotick Medicines by Dulling the too exquisite sense of the Stomach do lessen this Disease and new Treacle is most usual for it because besides its stupifying quality it doth correct the malignity of the Humors which is some cause thereof But because these are to be used but seldom and not without urgent necessity somtimes you may use old Treacle for the reason aforesaid as also to strengthen Five or Six Grains of Amber-greece taken in a rear Eg doth not only strengthen the Stomach but by a special quality cureth this Disease Chap. 3. Of Pica and Malacia PIca and Malacia are a depraved Appetite by which evil unprofitable and hurtful things are desired It is called Kitta or Pica from the bird called a Pye either in regard of the variety of colours or because it eateth lumps of Earth for Women in this Disease use to eat Earth and Chalk and the like It is called Malacia by Pliny for these Women through Weakness of mind and tenderness want that right and natural Appetite This Disease comes of evil corrupt Humors which are gathered into the Stomach by reason of its hurt Concoction or else sent from other parts Flegmatick and Melanchollick People are most disposed for the production of these Humors especially Women to whom this Disease seems proper and peculiar although somtimes Boyes and Men though seldom have the same Eating of evil Diet doth cause this want of any natural Evacuation especially of the Terms Sadness Distemper of the Liver and Spleen Obstructions and Weakness divers diseases of the Womb and the like These Vitious Humors according to the divers degrees of distempers and other dispositions have a diverse nature from whence come divers appetites of evil things For since som Humors are crude and inconcocted others burnt and adust some require sowr things sharp bitter and very cold so that they are delighted with the continual use of unripe Fruits Vinegar Juyce of Lemons Pomegranats and Orenges cold Water Snow Ice and the like Others desire Earthy Dry and Burnt things as Gloves Cinnamon Nutmegs and other Spices Salt-Ashes Chalk and the like This Disease is Common to Women in the Chlorosis or Green-sickness to Women great with Child and such as have their Terms stopped which staying in the Body corrupt and ascending do infect the Stomach from whence its Actions are depraved and chiefly the Appetite is taken from its natural Condition Boyes are somtimes troubled herewith and especially if they are born of a Woman that hath the Chlorosis Nor are men altogether free from it although it happen seldom
it comes from a windy spirit going from the Stomach and Guts and griping those parts through which it passeth These Winds are produced either from the fiery heat of the Stomach corrupting the meat and making it stinck or from windy rank meats and Onyons Radishes and the like Sennertus addeth another Cause borrowed from the Hermetical Doctrine namely Salt Humors and Adust in the Hypochondria which grow hot by the mixture of another humor For saith he as Salts and the Spirits of Salts mixed with sharp Spirits make abundance of flatuous Spirits as appears by the mixing of Oyl of Vitriol and Aqua fortis with Salt of Tartar So doth it fal out in mans Body by the Commixtion of a Salt and Adust Humor with other Spirits there are many windy Spirits produced The immediate Cause of this Disease is a Chollerick Burnt Sharp Salt or rotten Humor in the Stomach Guts Spleen Mesentery or Prancreas or some nourishment of evil quality some strong deadly Medicine or poyson taken Hipp. 7. Epid. Text. 90. doth reckon up almost all the Causes of those evil Humors in these words Chollerick Evacuations upwards and downwards come from eating too much flesh especially Swines flesh not roasted Also for meats not formerly used from drunkenness with old Wine and sweet from Pine Kernels Locusts rotten Nuts and from the use of Garlick Leeks Onions especially from boyled Lettice Coleworts and the like crude things also from Tarts and sweet meats Honey meats Fruits soon perishing especially from Cucumers Pompions and these Evacuations happen most in Summer for then they are easily corrupt and are indigested It is worth the observation from whence so many Chollerick Humors should come which in this Disease are sent forth by Vomit and Stool It is usually answered that they come from the Mesentery and the places adjacent and somtimes from the whol Body which though it be probable yet we may say That Humors corrupted in the Stomach and parts neer therto do infect other Humors with their Malignity and that Nature is constrained to send to the Stomach and Guts as venemous Medicines Antimony Coloquintida Elaterium and the like by corrupting of the good Humors do make an Hypercarthasis or over-purging The signs of this Disease are an often and plentiful sending forth of Chollerick sharp and other corrupt Humors by vomiting and stool a gnawing of the Stomach and Guts a swelling with wind pains thirst with much heat and disturbance great Nauseousness and loathing which is somwhat appeased with cold drink but presently is cast forth with hot The Pulse is somtimes smal and unequal somtimes with great sweating and Convulsion of the Thighs and Arms swooning coldness of the extream parts and other grievous Symptoms The Causes of this Disease are easily known And first the external are known by relation of the Patient and those that stand by If he have taken too much or food of an evil quality or poyson or some violent Medicine The internal Causes are known by the quality of those Humors which are sent forth We conjecture that it comes from the fault of the Stomach if other parts are not distempered and when there is a continual loathing gnawing and pain of the Stomach the matter is sent forth green but if it be bred in the Veins there is commonly a Malignant Feaver adjoyned You must make your Prognosticks thus If it be very violent it brings commonly sudden death If it come from some evil Food it is less dangerous for when that is sent forth the Disease ceaseth By how much the greater the Symptomes are as Swooning Convulsion and coldness of the extream parts by so much neerer at hand is death Hippocrates in Coac sheweth that this is somtimes Critical to Feavers called Lipyriae which can no other waies be cured as he saith but by a great casting forth of Choller both upwards and downwards and these Crises or Judgments happen seldom and ought to be suspected because they have not the conditions of a good and Health bringing Crisis If vomiting begin to cease and the wan and deadly color of the Face to be restored there is hope of Health In the Cure of this Disease in the beginning thereof some evacuation may be allowed while the evil and corrupt Humors do flow forth And you must help it forward with drinking warm Water with Syrup of Vinegar or with a great deal of thin Chicken Broth which if it provoke not Vomit will allay the sharpness of the Humors Or you may evacuate them with Rhubarb brought into a Pill with Syrup of Wormwood and with clensing Clysters Also fat mollifying Clysters are to be given made of Milk Oyl of Roses fresh Butter washed with Rose Water or made of Chicken Broth or Veal Broth with Yolks of Eggs with which as the disease shall require you may mix Narcoticks Also Clysters of Oxycrate are good or made of the Decoction of Lettice Plantane with a little Vinegar Syrup of Water-lillies and Yolks of Eggs. Also you must qualisie the Humors sharpness with internal Medicines as with the Decoction of Purslane and Plantane with Syrup of Quinces and dried Roses with Lapis Prunellae if there be heat and thirst And you must stop Vomiting with those things both internal and external which were prescribed in the Cure of Chollerick Vomiting Chap. 7. Among which the Narcoticks are best and especially new Treacle which given in the quantity of a dram doth presently stop those violent Evacuations Laudanum doth the same if you give four grains thereof If there be great weakness as often happeneth it is not safe to give the whol dose of Laudanum but it is better to give one or two grains and to give it once or twice in a day as necessity urgeth for so the force of the Humors will be restrained and Nature will have time to tame and concoct hem After vomiting and purging are stayed by the Medicines aforesaid the strength is restored by Cordial means the Patient seemeth to be past danger which doth not only somtimes deceive the standers by but also the Physitians themselves for after a day or two of rest and intermission the symptomes return more strong and violent and destroy the Patient who was made weak by their former encounter which danger you must prevent not only with Restauratives and things that take away the heat of the Humors as before mentioned which must be continued after they are appeased but especicially with Blood-letting which doth revel the burnt and boyling blood and greatly asswage it and you must do it twice or thrice if the strength be not impaired by the first but rather seem to be refreshed Some Practitioners adventure in the time of the fit when the strength is decayed adventure to open a Vein because they say the strength is oppressed But it cannot then be done without danger and somtimes the Patient presently after dieth to their shame For though we acknowledg that there is an oppression of the strength
Cooling Diet and Convenient Remedies That Pain which comes from Inflamation Imposthume or Ulcer may be Cured with the Remedies Prescribed in the following Chapter Chap. 11. Of the Inflamation Vlcer and Imposthume in the Stomach ALthough al kinds of Tumors may arise in the Stomach as wel as other parts yet we wil speak here only of a Phlegmon or Inflamation which is most usual the other happen seldom and may be Cured by the same Method with the Tumors of other internal parts The Inflamation of the Stomach is a preternatural Tumor coming of Blood which is sent into the substance of the Stomach and its Membranes by the Veins derived from the branches of the Vena Porta This Blood is either pure and makes a proper Phlegmon or mixed with Choller Flegm or Melancholly and makes a Phlegmon Erysipelatous Oedematous or Schirrous The External Causes may be many al that inflame the Blood as hot meats wine or al that can drive it to the part as a blow upon the belly especially when it is ful to which you may ad things that are very sharp and very hot as Cantharides sublimate The signs of this Disease called Diagnostica are a great Pain burning pricking distending and beating reaching to the back you may feel a Tumor and somtimes see it the shoulders are drawn downwards the breathing is difficult as also swelling and belching somtimes blood is vomited there is a most burning Feaver with most greivous Symptomes If the Inflamation be pure only from blood it is somwhat gentler but if it be with Choller called Erysipeals there are greivous Symptomes and the febris called Lipyria in which the exterior parts are cold and the internal burn and there is an unquenchable thirst such a kind of Feaver useth to be in an Erysipetous inflamation of the intestines Like to this Inflamation of the Stomach is that which is in the upper part of the Liver by which the Stomach is covered or in that part of the belly which lieth upon it which is only distinguished by the deadly Symptomes for then the Stomach hath the most desperate From what hath been said is easie to Prognostick and to pronounce this Disease to be for the most part deadly But that is most Dangerous which is over the whol Stomach or its upper part or which is like to an Erysipetas Galen 3. Prorrhet shews That much Loathing and Rumbling of the belly is evil For it shewes that evil Humors do stick close to the Tunicle of the Stomach and pul them to provoke Expulsion If the Inflamation do not kill nor is dispersed it turns to an Imposthume which is known by the mitigation of the Pain and the Feaver while the Tumor remaineth After the Imposthume is broken there remaineth an Ulcer which is known by voiding of Matter by Vomit and Stool But an Ulcer is produced in the Stomach not only from an Imposthume but from other Causes which we shal here reckon up least we seem defective in the Theory The Causes of Ulcers in the Stomach are either Internal or External The Internal are sharp Humors bred in the Stomach or sent thither from other parts as yellow Choller or black or salt Flegm The External are sharp Medicines that Corrode or Poysons and Wounds of the Stomach not wel Cured which turn into Ulcers as also the breach of some great Veins which could not wel grow together after much Vomiting of blood An Ulcer bred in the Stomach is known chiefly by Matter which is cast forth by Vomit or Stool to which principal sign there are others to be added First there is perceived in the belly a pricking pain joyned with burning especially when any thing is taken that is strong in quality either sharp salt or sowr or very hot or cold there is also no Appetite stinking belching and a constant lingring Feaver The Prognostick is alwayes deadly except the Ulcer be very little and only in the superficies and without a Feaver For the Membrane of the Stomach being ulcerated being a Spermatick part will hardly grow together again the Nourishment will not be well concocted in a Stomach ill affected but will be thrown out before concoction and so rend the Ulcer Moreover Medicines do little good because clensers which are required for cure of Ulcers increase pain and dryers which also are required are continually hindred by the Meat and Drink and Chyle and other Humors which continually are in a weak Stomach The Cure of the afore said Diseases is several And first the Cure of Inflamation is to begin with Blood-letting often in both Arms as the strength will endure And although by reason of swooning and coldness of the extream parts the strength seem at first to be impaired yet because it comes from oppression it requires evacuation and therefore blood-letting must not be denied Moreover the opening of the Hemorrhoids if the Patient be used to that evacuation doth revel Blood from the Stomach Also Cupping-glasses both dry and with Scarrification to the Shoulders Back and Buttocks with Ligatures and Frictions of the extream parts and heating of them becauâ—e they are usually cold with hot cloathes and anointing with Oyl of Flowerdeluce and Spike and other hot things are very good We disallow Purges in this case because they trouble the Humors and draw them to the part affected But Avicen commends the Decoction of Tamarinds or half an ounce of Cassia dissolved in Whey or Endive Water if it be given every day to the seventh day because they purge not by attraction but by mollifying mitigate sharpness and asswage pain But it is better in the beginning to abstain from all Purges After the seventh day is past when there appear some signs of Concoction and declination you may give a Purge of Rhubarb one dram with one scruple of red Sanders infused in Borrage Water adding one ounce or two of Syrup of Roses that the filth which sticketh to the part may be brought forth more powerfully In the mean while you must every day give Emollient Cooling and Lenitive Clysters such as these Take of Chicken Broth or the Decoction of Mallows and Violets of each one pint Cassia new drawn one ounce Oyl of Roses and Violets of each two ounces Sugar one ounce and an half With two Yolks of Eggs make a Clyster You must give altering and strengthening Medicines at the Mouth they may be the same which were propounded in the Cure of the Pain of the Stomach from a Chollerick Humor But the Syrup of Water Lillies and of the Juyce of Purslain are peculiarly good especially in the beginning because they supply the place of Repelling Medicines Also Emulsions made of the four great cold Seeds and white Poppy Seeds are good for they asswage pain and heat As also these following Juleps Take of Rose Water three ounces Plantane Water two ounces the Juyce of Sorrel and Pomegranate Wine one ounce and an half Sugar of Roses one ounce Boyl them a little and
thing be voided either naturally or by art it is for the most part windy and like Cow-dung with water at the top because it is most Flegm which useth to be so Somtimes the Belly is so bound that in the heigth of Pain Purging Medicines that are very strong will not work The Signs of the Causes are thus to be distinguished If the Pain come of Flegm it is not so great unless it be mixed with wind which cannot get forth of the places wherein it is contained for then the pain is very great somtimes in one part as if it were bored through with a wimble or stick somtimes in many if the wind do remove the Patient is better for hot and worse for cold things He used a Diet formerly which bred flegm his water is somtimes more crude and white not alwaies which deceiveth yong unexperienced Physitians and somtimes in a flegmatick and flatulent Chollick the Urine will be yellow and reddish by reason of the extraordinary pain which doth inflame the Spâ—riâ—s and Humors contained in the Veins and Arteries Which Avicen wisely observed Fen. 13. Lib. 3. Tract 3. Cap. 11. Let no man be deceived saith he to think by the foulness inflamation and redness of the Vrine that therefore the Disease is hot for that is common to all Vrines If the Chollick proceed of wind there will be a stretching pain and a swelling of the Belly the Patient perceiveth a rumbling of the Belly and much wind and he is better when he breaketh it he used a Diet to breed it as unreasonable drinking of cold water often use of Pease Rapes Chesnuts Sallets Fruits and the like And if the wind be contained in the Cavity of the Guts the pain is movable not in one place and is somtimes greater But if it be in the â—oats and Tunicles of the Guts the pain is fixed because the wind cannot move and it is constant because it cannot get forth If the Chollick come from a sharp and Chollerick Humor it is most grievous pulling and pricking there is heat thirst and often a Feaver the Urine is very Chollerick It is worse for hot Meats and Medicines and better for cold By sending forth of Choller the disease is diminished and there went before a Diet breeding Choller The pains of other parts under the Navil are easily distinguished from the Chollick by their proper signs except the Stone whose signs are so like with those of the Chollick that very skilful Physitians have been deceived by them As Galen himself was as he confesseth 2. de loc aff cap. 5. when he was troubled with the Chollick he thought that he had the Nephritis and that a stone was fastened in one of the Ureters till the Humor was purged away and the pain ceased after which he found it to be the Chollick But by these following signs these two Diseases may be plainly distinguished if they be well observed First The Nephritis or pain of the stone is fixed in the Reins and comes from thence to the Testicles according to the length of the Ureter But the Chollick is movable and girts about the middle of the Belly like a girdle Secondly The Chollick encreaseth after Meat by reason of the compression of the Intestines from the full Belly but the Nephritis encreaseth not but rather decreaseth because some of the Nourishment is carried to the Reins which doth somthing asswage the pain Thirdly In the Chollick the vomiting is more vehement and the Body is more bound because the Colon lieth in the bottom of the Stomach and the Intestines being stretched or much provoked do constringe themselves that they may expel what is noxious But both the Symptomes are common to both Diseases so that you can hardly know their intension and remission because a strong Nephritick pain may cause a greater vomiting and astriction of the Belly then a weak Chollick Fourthly In a Chollick there is more ease found after Evacuation than in a Nephritis Fifthly In a Nephritis or the stone the Urine â—sâ—first clear and thin afterwards there is a sediment and at length sand and little stones are voided But in the Chollick the Urine is thick from the beginning As to the Prognostick The Chollick for the most part if it be gentle and little and not long nor in one place constantly but intermitting and not binding the Belly is curable and without danger But if the pain is very great and fixed in one place not intermitting and if the Belly be bound that nothing can get forth with great watchings and if vomiting follow hiccoughs doting and coldness of extream parts with cold sweats it is deadly A stubborn Chollick coming of sharp and Chollerick Matter degenerateth into other grievous Diseases as Arthritis Epilepsie or Paralysis which is most usual An Epidemical Chollick which is contagious and pestilent is commonly deadly The Cure of this Diseale is divers according to the variety of the Causes And first there is the same Cure of a flatulent and pituitous Chollick which begins with an Emollient Clyster after which followeth one Carminative and discussing as was prescribed in the Dolor Ventriculi from the like Cause which must be repeated twice thrice or four times in a day till the pain be gone and if he go not to stool in one or two Clysters as somtimes happeneth you must give a sharp Suppository In one of the aforesaid Clysters you may do well to ad four ounces of the Aqua Benedicta Rulandi Or two or three drams of Coloquintida boyled in an Emollient and Carminative Decoction If Clysters will not give ease you must not stay too long upon them but use some gentle Medicine It hath been observed that when a sick man had taken three Clysters without benefit that another Physitian came and gave but one ounce and an half of Manna with two ounces of the Oyl of sweet Almonds in the fat Broth of a Hen and cured the Patient But in a pain that comes from grofs flegm you must give stronger Medicines Afterwards Fomentations Oyntments Baths Emplaisters and the like are good which were declared in the Cure of the Dolor Ventriculi of the same Cause to which you may ad some specifical things which are fit for this Disease Wash the Guts of a Wolf in white Wine then dry them in an Oven in an Earthen pot till they may be poundered Let the Patient take a dram thereof in white Wine and he will be presently cured Boyl fair Water and ad to it the fourth part of Oyl and some gross Pepper let him take three or four spoonfuls as hot as he can endure it and the pain will be instantly gone Take of the best Aloes one dram Laudanum four grains Diagridium six grains Mix them and make six Pills gilded Let him take them at a convenient time They take away the pain aster one hour and then purge out the noxious humor Instead of these you may give Diaphoenicon and Philonium Romanum as is
prescribed in the Cure of the pain of the Stomach Hipp. Lib. de intern aff propoundeth a Purge of Purslain and Juyce of Poppies Six ounces of Oyl of sweet or bitter Almonds do asswage pain and cast the Matter cleaving to the Intestines downwards If you mix it with these things following it will be better Take of Oyl of sweet Almonds or Sallat Oyl for poor people four ounces Spanish Wine one ounce and an half Syrup of Poppies one ounce Mix them for a Potion Also Oyl of sweet Almonds mixed with Manna in fat Broth as beforesaid doth ease pain and evacuate the Matter offending One dram of Annis seeds poudered and given in Wine doth first asswage and the second time it is given quite take away the pain applying at the same time a Cataplasm of Turpentine three ounces laid on with Stuphes sprinkled with Pepper and Sanguis Draconis finely poudered of each one dram Galbanetum Paracelsi is good to discuss the Humor if the whol Belly be anointed therewith The description is in Crato thus Take of Gum Elemi lvy Galbanum Oly of Bayes of each equal parts distil them in Sand with a Retort keep the Liquors asunder first the Water then the cleer Oly then the thick Oyl like Honey which you must use first Take of Calamus Aromatious one ounce Galangal three drams the outward yellow of the Orange peel four ounces Cinnamon Annis and Fennel seeds of each three drams Cummin seeds six drams Juniper berries green half an ounce Bay berries three drams Pouder them finely and infuse them in six pints of the best Spanish Wine in a bot place six dayes then distil them in Balneo Mariae The Dose is one ounce after Evacuations You may with good snccess apply to the Belly Gum Caragna and Tacamahacha but first let a great Cupping-glass be applied to the Navil Although you apply not the Plaisters yet you must not forget to cup which as Galen saith doth discuss pain that comes of wind like an Enchantment If the Disease last long you may cure it with a Decoction of Guajacum continued for many daies Purging somtimes and giving often Clysters And if it come of glassy flegm let Guajacum be boyled in Wine as Amatus Lusitanus used it with good success Curat 32. Cent. 1. After the pain is allayed use an Apozeme to purge flegm for the carrying away of the reliques or instead thereof the Decoction of an old Cock made with incising attenuating and purging things Or that excellent Julep prescribed in the Chollick of the Stomach A Chollerick Chollick is cured by Emollient Clysters and such as temper the acrimony of the Humors Let the Belly be Fomented with an Emollient Decoction which is Anodine or which is better make a Bath of the same Also Cataplasms made of Barley and Linseed Flower boyled in Oyl of Chamomil applied to the bottom of the Belly are good As also a Cooling Epithem to the Liver made thus Take of the Juyce of Endive and Succory of each half a pint the Juyce of Lettice and Rose-Vinegar of each two ounces mix them and make and Epitheme Give Juleps of Poppy Lettice Endive and Sorrel Water with Syrup of Violets Apples and Lemons If the Pain be urgent come to Narcoticks When the pain is mitigated give the infusion and expression of Rhubarb in Succory Water with Syrup of Roses often til al the filth be evacuated If this be too gentle to eradicate the Disease give Mercurius Dulcis which being somtimes given with some Purging Diagrediats doth finish the Cure They who are not to take Diagredium may take Mercurius dulcis alone made into a Pill with conserve of Roses drinking after it the infusion of Senna with Rhubarb adding a little Manna and syrup of Roses After this you may give your sharp Vitriolated Waters When the pain is violent fly to Baths and Laudanum to which you may somtimes mix Purgers but in a great quantity because their force wil be hindered by the Laudanum Galbanetum Paracelsi although hot is fit to discuss the Humor if al the Belly be anointed therewith it is described formerly Somtimes Blood-letting is good where there is fear of a Feaver by the heat of the blood and if the Feaver be begun do it presently When there is a great Thirst give cold Water as Galen teacheth lib. 12. meth cap. 7. And Amatus Lusitanus saith That he Cured one presently with it And Septalius shews in Two Stories in the Seventh Book of his Practical Animadversions That he hath given the same and taken it with very good success For the Cure of that Chollick which turneth into a Palsie after the Belly is loosened with many Clysters and the first wayes being made open by a Purge put the Patient into a warm Bath made of an Emollient Decoction twice thrice four or five times in a day that the sharpness of the humors may be allaied and the pores of the Membranes opened The day after let the Humor be Purged with a fit Medicine then let him be bathed again and if his strength wil endure it let him do it every other day til the humors are Purged and the pain gone and the Patient Cured In the mean time let the Clysters be continued especially those made of Milk are best to asswage pain to which you may put Cassia Oyl of Violets and Lillies Let the Belly be often anointed with Oyl of Chamomil Dill sweet Almonds Lillies or with fresh butter Then let him use Whey and sharp Waters And Lastly When the Disease is of long continuance you may use those things which were prescribed for the Cure of Hypochondriak Melancholly Nor must you omit Phlebotomy from the beginning of the Disease before Purging and it must be often repeated if the Blood be evil or the pain come of a Catarrh any wayes Finally Al the Medicines mentioned in Chollerick Chollick may here be applied which if it avail not some Physitians use this following Potion which though it be sorbid and not sit fot men wel educated yet they say it Cureth presently Take of Horse-dung one ounce break it in pieces and infuse it in one pint of Poppy-Water with eight or ten drops of spirit of Vitriol strain it gently and divide the Liquor into three Doses for the time of the violent pain But if it turn into a Palsie you must anoint the Spina or back Bone and the Paralytike parts with a Resolving and a Nerve Corroborating Balsom if there be no Feaver but if there be bind Wool dipt in Oyl or some digesting Oyntment to the Paralytike parts taking heed of Cold by which the humor wil be fastned to the parts and the breathing forth of it hindered Galbanetum Paracelsi is best if it be applied to the parts aforesaid and the Navel Chap. 2. Of the Iliack Passion ILEOS or Iliack Passion took its name as some say from the Gut Ileum which chiefly is Affected in this Disease although the other thin and somtimes thick Guts are
That is most deadly in which first there is chollerick then flegmatick and after stinking vomiting and Galen 6. de loc aff cap. 2. saith none of these escape but Experience teacheth that some do as when the disease comes from retention of the faeces or Hernia Intestinalis or Rupture in the Guts They who have this Disease with the Strangury die within seven daies except a Feaver coming the Urine be more plentifully voided Hipp. Aph. 44. Sect. 6. if the Strangury come of thick and and flegmatick Humors which are plentiful in the Veins and Guts a Feaver coming thereupon they may be concocted melted and attenuated and pissed forth by which means the Ileos is cured Although Galen in his Comment upon this Aphorism saith that he is ignorant of what Hippocrates saith here and that it cannot be confirmed by Reason and Experience If Symptomes be remitted and either Medicines or meat taken at the Mouth pass through there is hope of recovery The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the difference of the Causes And first if the obstruction comes from the Faeces indurate or from gross and slimy flegm you must use Emollient and Laxative Medicines both internally and externally First then give Clysters of the Decoction of Althaea Mallows Violets Chamomel and Melilot with Lin-seed and Foenugreek seed or of common Oyl to a pint in which you may dissolve the third part of Butter or of the Broth of a Sheeps Paunch in which dissolve Butter Honey and Sal gem To which Decoction if there be wind as commonly there is it is good to put Carminatives and Discussers After the Matter is somwhat mollified with these Clysters you must give first some gentle Purges then stronger and last the strongest In the mean while you must apply Fomentations and Liniments that are Emollient to the whol Belly and continue them long The Paunch of a Gelding warmed in hot Water applied to the Belly is good but mollifying Baths are better especially if they be made of Air only Also you may give inwardly the Oyl of sweet Almonds either alone with white Wine To which if the pain be great you may ad the Syrup of Poppies as was shewed in the Cure of the Chollick And lastly If there be vehement pain and much flatus you may give those other Medicines which are prescribed in the Cure of the Chollick not omitting Purges which being opportunely given take away the Cause That which comes from Inflaruation of the Intestines is to be cured by often Blood-letting if strength permit both in the Arm and Foot and by applying of Cupping-glasses with Scarrification to the Groins Also Emollient Clysters and cooling are to be given made thus Take of Althaea Roots two ounces Mallows and Violets of each one handful Guord seeds half an ounce Line and Fleabane seeds of each two drams Water Lillies and Roses of each one pugil Chamomel Flowers half a pugil make a Decoction in a pint whereof dissolve two ounces of Oyl of Roses Cassia one ounce make a Clyster and in progress of time ad Oyl of Violets and Chamomel The aforesaid Emollients must be boyled in Oxycrate Or give new Milk with a little Sugar and the white of an Egg or the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds one ounce to asswage pain Or you may make a Clyster of Oyl of sweet Almonds Barley Cream strained from the Decoction of it adding a little fresh Butter and Sugar A Clyster may be made of simple Oxycrate and be every day given which is excellent against the Inflamation of the Guts Anoint with Oyl of Violets sweet Almonds and Chamomel with Mucilage of Linseed Faenugreek seed and Quinces with Axungia of Hens and Ducks and sweet Butter Also make a Fomentation of the Decoction of those Simples which were prescribed for a Clyster Also Foment in the beginning with Oxycrate and after let the Simples aforesaid be boyled in Oxycrate And make a Catataplasm of the residence of those things in the Decoction with Barley Meal Foenugreek Lin-seed and Butter with Axungia's and Oyls aforesaid Also a Bath of warm Water in which cold and Emollient things have been boyled is most convenient After bleeding give two ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds to appease pain and if it be very great use Narcoticks If there be no vomiting you must provoke it with a draught of warm Water with Oyl of Violets for so the upper parts will be purged and the Humors will be revelled from the part affected In the whol time of Cure you must give Juleps and Emulsions prescribed in the Inflamation of the Stomach Let his Drink be Barley Water and in the beginning let him abstain from all Nourishment for twenty four hours that some of the Matter may be consumed then give him Chicken Broth. This Disease is to be attended with diligence for it is for the most part deadly The chief business in the Cure is by abstinency and this is taken from the example of those that are wounded in the Guts for they are almost famished for forty daies Therfore let men in this disease for four or five daies take only three spoonfuls of Broth every day that vomit may be hindered which doth encrease the Disease Moreover Food bringeth no comfort to the sick for it turneth not to nourishment but is plainly corrupted and the Chyle which goes from the Stomach into the Guts is mingled with the excrements retained and encreaseth vomiting He may drink more freely because it goes more easily to the Liver and it may be fit to oppose the Disease if it be well tempered Oxycrate and in a smal quantity Lastly It comes somtimes but seldom from the circumvolution of the Intestines and this is either from Wind which tottureth them or from a Hernia called Interocele or Rupture That which comes from Wind is cured by the same Medicines which Cure the flatulent Chollick But if after long use of these Medicines the belly will not be opened but all things taken are vomited up that there is little hope of health the last Remedy must be used which Hippocrates propounds 3. de morbis namely That a pair of Smiths Bellows be applied to the Anus and that they blow into his Belly Then give an Emollient Clyster with Troches of Alhandal to bring out the faeces This is good not only against the Ileos from contorsion of the Intestines but in that which comes from a grievous obstruction for by dilating the Guts it takes away the obstruction Amatus Lusitanus Curat ult Cent. 1. testifieth that he cured one desperate by this means as also Epiphanius Ferdinandus in his Physical Histories Hist 74. reports that the son of John Altimar of Naples a most expert Physitian was ready to die of this Disease and taken as it were from the Graves mouth by this means But Aurelian disalloweth it because the wind coming from the Bellows may much hurt with its cold But this may be avoided if the Bellows be
filled with wind by the fire Paraeus also propounds another unusual Medicine by which he boasteth that he cured many at deaths door namely by drinking three pound of Quick-silver in Water alone for with its weight it doth untie the Gut and open and sends down the hard excrements which Remedy is commended by others who say that it may be taken without harm But we may wel fear so great a quantity lest it extinguish the Native heat with its coldness and coagulate the Blood in the Veins therefore in a desperate case it is better to give a less quantity Some give two ounces in a rear Egg and think good to repeat it if the first Dose do not succeed well but you may see in our Observations that one ounce hath done well But when the Illiack Passion comes from the Guts falling into the Cods all the care is to place them right which must be done by the gentle hand of a Chirurgion long fomenting the part affected first with an Emollient Decoction and Relaxing Oyls giving often Emollient and Carminative Glysters so placing the Patient that his Head be low and his Thighs high for some having been hung by the Heels were quickly cured If the Hernia comes with Inflamation of the Intestine it is cured with a fomentation of cold water If wind stretch the Gut discuss with a Fomentation of Spirit of Wine See the examples of both Cures in our Observations Chap. 3. Of Astriction or binding of the Belly BY Astriction of the Belly we do not understand all kind of supression by which nothing is â—et forth downwards as in the Ileos But only a dull and slow dejection by which the faeces and reliques of Meat are seldom and not according to the quantity of Food thrown forth therefore they are necessarily indurated because of their long continuance being dried with heat and some moisture is alwaies drawn from them by the Meseraick which reach not only to the thin but thick Guts It is a Symptome of the Expulsive faculty diminished or the retentive encreased and it is the cause of many diseases therfore the Excreta and Retenta are reckoned among the six things not Natural which not keeping the Law of Nature produce divers Diseases so it being bound sends vapors to the Head and produceth Catarrhs and other Diseases of the Brain disturbs the Concoction of the Stomach and the actions of other parts The Causes of this Symptome are many And first hardness of the faeces and driness are not only Effects but also Causes of them because being hard they are more difficult to be voided and do less provoke the expulsive Faculty They become dryer and harder chiefly and oftenest from the excessive heat of the Liver which powerfully draws away all the moisture contained in the Intestines and leaves the faeces dry This is also caused by violent motion especially riding also by few Excrements through want of food or because they have no actimony to prick the Intestines as it happens in cold Meats and when the Choller doth not go to the Guts as we observe in the Jaundice And lastly Many diseases of the Guts may cause this constriction as a cold and dry Distemper Tumors Obstructions Numbness of the Anus and Palsey and many others The Signs depend upon the knowledg of the Causes which must be taken from their proper Fountains The hot distemper of the Liver is to be taken out of its proper Chapter Also Tumors and other Diseases of the Guts have their proper Diagnosis or signs and so the external Causes as little Meat or coldness thereof riding and the like are known by relation of the Patient As for the Prognostick The Constriction of the Belly is more or less dangerous according as the Cause is greater oâ—less For if it come of Inflamation or other Tumor of the Intestines it is very dangerous but from other Causes less It useth to be contumacious and long when it comes from the faeces indurate and thence come often Chollicks which return after they have been cured by reason of the new dryness of the faeces as also because though the Belly seems to have been made sufficiently soluble by purging and many liquid Excrements are discharged yet there remains somtimes many hard Excrements in the Guts which breed new pains and cannot be taken out but by many Clysters given after Purging The Cure of this Disease depends upon taking away the Causes which are to be taken from their proper Chapters But because it is commonly long especially when it depends upon a hot distemper of the Liver and dryness of the Guts and in the mean time the Belly bound brings many inconveniences We will speak of its Cure by its self which is generally done by Emollients and Laxatives made thus Take of Althaea or Marsh-mallow and Lilly Roots of each two ounces Mallows Marsh-mallows Mercury Violets and Brank Vrsine of each one handful Lin-seed and Foenugreek of each half an ounce Annis seed one dram and an half sweet Prunes three pair Chamomel and Meltlot flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Oyl of Lillies and Lin-seed of each two ounces fresh Butter one ounce and an half Diacatholicon and Diaprunis simple of each six drams Make a Clyster to be given as often as need requireth Somtimes instead of this use the following Take of the Decoâ—tion of Sheeps entrals one pint fresh Butter two ounces Cassia Diacatholicon and Diaprunis simple of each half an ounce red Sugar one ounce Make a Clyster Also twice in a month or thrice you may give one pint of common Oyl alone for a Clyster And because Nature will grow dull by too much use of Clysters and at length will never officiate that way but when she is provoked by one you must endeavor to mollifie the Belly with other means For this end sweet Prunes and roasted Apples with Sugar may be taken one hour before dinner as Galen sheweth 2. defacult alim cap. 31. For if they be taken immediately before dinner they will not work Or take Chicken Broth or other Broth in which have been bovled beets Borrage and some Apples or one spoonful of Oyl of sweet Almonds newly drawn without fire with as much Syrup of Maiden-hair or two spoonfuls of this Syrup following Take of the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds and of Quinces drawn with Mallows Water one pound and an half white Sugar one pound Make a Syrup according to art That the Prunes may work better let him drink half a glass of Vinum Lymphatum or Wine and Water before and after he taketh them fresh Butter taken an hour before Dinner the bigness of a great â—ut and drink Wine and Water will do the same thing Once in a week let him use one of these following Medicines Take of Cassia new drawn one ounce Cream of Tartar one dram Make a Bolus Take of 〈◊〉 one ounce or an ounce and an half Mix
is somtimes a gnawing in the Stomach a heat in the Hypochondria there is great thirst sharp excrements and chollerick As for the Prognostick Thus Lientery and Coeliack Passion lasting long is dangerous because it catcheth a way the nourishment from the whol body from whence comes an Atrophy or a Dropsie and if it follow great and acute Diseases it useth to be deadly The Cure of this Disease is to be altered according to the variety of the Causes that produce it And First That which cometh from Flegm may be Cured by those Remedies which were propounded for the Cure of Want of Appetite coming of a cold Cause Chusing those things which are most Astringent to stay the Fux of the Belly Therefore you must begin with Purging of the peccant humor with Medicines made of Aloes Rhubarb and Myrobalans Clysters are here of little force while the Stomach is chiefly distempered except an immoderate Flux do require them and then they must be Astringent and strengthening according to the Forms which shal be propounded in the following Cures After Purging sufficiently you must strengthen the Stomach with Opiats Pouders Fomentations Plaisters and other Remedies mentioned in the place above quoted in which as I said you must not omit Astringents as Mastich Citron peels Coriander seeds Snake-weed Roots Tormentil Coral c. And besides others the Opiate following which is greatly Commended by Amatus Lusitanus is Convenient by which he saith he Cured an Old man after many other Medicines failed Take of Conserve of old Roses six ounces of the best Treacle six drams Syrup of Quinces as much as will make an Opiate of which let him take half an ounce in the morning not drinking presently after That which comes of Choller is to be cured by those Remedies which were laid down against Chollerick Vomiting as also by those which shal be described in the Cure of a Chollerick Diarrhoea That which comes from the imbecillity of the Retentive Faculty in a deadly or at least dangerous Disease is to be cured first with Fomentations applied to the Region of the Stomach thus made Take of the Roots of Snakeweed Tormentil and dried Citron peels of each two ounces the Leaves of Mints Plantane and Sea Wormwood of each one handful Nuâ—meg Cloves and Cinnamon of each three drams red Roses four pugils beat them and cut them according to art and fill two bags pinked therewith and steep them in equal parts of Iron Water and red astringent Wine or in Wine alone if there be no great Feaver and let them be applied to the Stomach warm one after another After wards use this Oyntment or some Emplaister made of those which are prescribed for Chollerick Vomiting Also anoint the whol Belly with Oyls or astringent Liniments Give Clysters of Broth in which red Roses have been boyled dissolving therein Sugar and Yolks of Eggs and somtimes Confectio de Hyacintho if the Patient be very weak And finally You may give at the Mouth strengthening and astringent things as in the Cure of Vomiting before mentioned as also thus which shal be shewed for the flux of the Belly In a Coeliack Passion the Food is sent forth crude and imperfectly concocted It only differs from Lientery in degree and is cured with the same Remedios But if the stools be altogether Chylous this Disease doth not depend upon the fault of the Stomach but upon the obstruction of the Meseraick Veins which is usual especially in Children And therefore it is to be cured by Remedies which open obstructions and strengthen the Liver because that is commonly also weak but you must use no astringents least another kind of flux should sollow These Medicines are at large set down in the Cure of the Diseases of the Liver Chap. 5. Of Diarrhoea Dlarrhoea is that kind of flux of the Belly by which the excrementitious Humors are sent forth without Blood or Food and without the Ulceration of the Intestines By the Conditions of Diarrhoea properly so called is distinguished from other kinds of fluxes because in Lientery and Coeliack Passion the Food is cast forth unconcocted or half concocted in a Dysentery and Tenesmus Blood is mixed with the Excrements as in the flux of the Liver called Hepaticus and in the Haemorrhoidal Many are the Differences thereof which that they may be cleerly explained are to be referred to three Heads The first whereof respects the Matter which is voided the second the place from whence it comes the third the Manner and efficient Cause which produceth the flux of the Belly In respect of the Matter voided this flux is divided into a Chollerick Flegmatick Melanchollick and serous or watery In respect of the place from whence it comes either it comes from the whol Body or some peculiar Part as the Brain Stomach Guts Liver Spleen Mesentery Womb and other Parts Thirdly In respect of the Manner and Efficient Cause one Diarrhoea is Critical another Symptomatical one comes from an internal Cause as a distemper or evil disposition of the internal parts another from an external as from some Medicine or Poyson These Differences are seldom found single but they are often complicated in one and the same flux So a Chollerick flux is from the Liver or the whol Body a Flegmatick from the Brain or Stomach a Melanchollick from the Spleen and a Serous from the whol Body Also these Differences are complicated from a divers mixture of Humors so that somtimes Choller Flegm and Water are sent forth by the same flux There is another kind of Diarrhoea different from the rest which is called Syntectice or Colliquativa coming from the melting away of the substance of the Body and Humors by the violent hot distemper of the solid parts such as happeneth somtimes in the Inflamation of the Bowels in a strong burning Feaver hectick or pestilential in which a fat Matter as it were mixed with Oyl or Grease is voided Lastly Fluxus stercorosus or a dungy flux is another kind in which much liquid excrement is often voided which comes from excrementitious Meats corrupted in the Stomach or a great plenty of Excrements heaped up in the Intestines The Knowledg in general is manifest namely when more liquid Excrements are voided and oftener than usually Nature doth allow The Signs of these Differences which are taken from the matter are manifest to the Senses namely Whether they be Flegmatick Melanchollick Chollerick or Serous The Parts Sending have a more difficult Diagnosis or way of Knowledg yet they are thus Distinguished If the Humors flow from the whol body there either is or hath lately been a continual Feaver or some other disease of the whol body as Cachexia evil Habit or Leucophlegmatia or white Dropsie or there hath been over-eating or drinking and there is no sign of any Disease of any peculiar part If it be Critical it is a benefit to the Patient and is easily endured and thence the Disease is either Cured or Diminished Somtimes there
each one ounce boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining of white Sugar one ounce Yolks of Eggs two Make a Clyster After the Body is sufficiently emptyed you must give astringents and strengtheners both at the Mouth and by Clysters as also to the Belly the Forms whereof you may take out of the Cure of Dysentery Besides You may conveniently use these that follow Take of Chalybeat Vinegar one part Chalybeat Water two parts the Leaves and Fruit of Myrtles Quinces Medlars Cervices of each two handfuls Cypress Nuts six pair boyl to halfs Foment the Belly warm with the strained Liquor often Take of Oyl of Mastich Quinces and Myrtles of each one ounce Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence and Gum Traganth of each one dram Wax as much as will make an Vnguent to anoint after the Fomentation Or Take Crums of toasted Bread infused in Chalybeat Water and Quinces roasted in the Embers or Marmalade of each three ounces Frankinsence Mastich Sanguis Draconis of each two drams With Syrup of Quinces and Wormwood make a Cataplasm Take of Mastich two drams Boyl it in three pints of Water for ordinary drink Iron Water is also good but in a hot Disease it is good to use the Tincture of Roses or Conserve of Roses mixed with Spring Water or Water wherein Gold hath been quenched mixed with Syrup of Quinces Amatus Lusitanus reports of one that was cured of a Chollerick Diarrhoea by taking much cold Water in the Summer time We also once prescribed to a Sanguine man who was troubled with a Chollerick Diarrhoea in the midst of Summer with great thirst Sal Prunella in his ordinary drink and Juleps made of Lettice and Purslain Water to be taken thrice in a day and he was cured in twenty four hours If the Humor be very sharp and adust or burnt the Patient must be purged sparingly with mild Medicines otherwise the Disease will encrease and he is to be cooled and moistened as also to be blooded a little In the same case a warm Bath is very good the Example whereof is in our Observations Plantane boyled in Broth is excellent And least a Diarrhoea turn into a Dysentery you must give Clysters of Chalybeate Milk and Emulsions of the cold Seeds and of white Poppy Seeds to asswage the sharpness of the Humor As also this Syrup following Take of the Juyce of Quinces six ounces the Juyce of Endive and Sorrel of each three ounces Sorrel and Plantane Seeds of each two drams red Coral one dram Plantane Water four ounces Boyl them to the Consumption of half strain and press them well put to it as much Sugar to make a Syrup to be taken two drams first and last In al Diarrhoea's after universal Medicines this following Bolus is good Take of Conserve of old Roses half an ounce Candied Quinces one dram the pouder of Tormentil one scruple With Sugar make a Bolus to be often repeated Or if the Disease be old you may make an Opiate of the same or the like in a greater quantity to be taken at many times Or to astringe more powerfully give this Pouder Take of Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence Mastich Mummy Terra Sigillata Lapis Haematitis or Blood-stone Troches of Amber of each one dram true Bole three drams make a Pouder of which give two drams inconvenient Liquor Rhubarb twice infused and then twice or thrice washed in Rose Water and dried is good The Lozenges of the three Sanders with four times the quantity of Rhubarb given twice in a day the weight of two drams do take away the Matter and strengthen the Bowels The Leaves of Fleabane laid upon fire so that the smoak may be taken through a hollow Chair do stop the flux of the Belly by a specifical quality As also if the same Herb be beaten with Vinegar and applied to the Stomach Also the smoak of Mullin taken through a hollow Chair is excellent the example of which is in our Observations Syrup of Coral is excellent and much more the Tincture or Magistery of the same The Conserve of the wild Rose or sweet Bryar Rose is good against a Chollerick flux especially if it be mixed in astringent Opiates But when there is danger of weakness through a long and often flux you may give Laudanum with Mastich and Terra Sigillata When it is very violent a Clyster of Broth and new Treacle is excellent Pils of Bdellium taken twice or thrice in a week or every other day are good against al old fluxes For the same is the often use of Medlars as Forestus confirms by experience obs 1. lib. 22. in these words One that had a constant Flux and spent all he had upon Physitians came to me for counsel whom I advised to eat Medlars though green as many as he could by which he was speedily cured As it was with a Zeland Merchant that came to John Spirinchius a Physitian of Lovan who having been long sick and of a Dysentery at last and could not be cured by any was at length by his advice cured only with Medlars and gave the Physitian three hundred Crowns for his advice Thus Forestus But we must observe that the Body before the use of Medlars be clensed from Excrements In an old Diarrhoea the following Medicines are excellent Take of the shavings of Ivory three drams Confection Alkermes one dram Sugar dissolved in Rose Water four ounces Make Lozenges Take of Crocus Martis six grains Bezoard Mineral half a scruple Conserve of Roses two drams Spirit of Vitriol three drops Mix them in a Bolus to be given twice a day long after and before Meat Take of the Juyce of Persicaria Maculata and of the great Housleek of each three ounces boyl them till the third part be consumed and give them in the morning they do certainly cure any flux though very old Mercurius Diaphoreticus given some daies together twelve grains at a time taketh away all the impurities of the Body which use to beget fluxes The Decoction of Juniper Berries in Wine given three daies together is good and also one dram of the Pouder of Grashoppers given in white Wine These two by deriving the Matter of the flux to the Ureters The Decoction of Juniper is thus made Take of Juniper Berries one handful red Wine one pint and an half boyl them to the consumption of two thirds Let him take the straining three daies together The Water of Brimstone Mines cure an old Diarrhoea by purging the whol Body and by strengthening the Stomach Of which ther is an example in our observations If a Diarrhoea come from a Catarrh you must look to the Brain as the part that sends it with the Medicines prescribed in the Cure of a Catarrh But if it depend upon the Obstruction or weakness of the Liver or Spleen you must cure them as shal be shewed in their proper places and then there is little or no use of astringents Platerus in the Cure of the Hemorrhoids
three drams Myrobalans Chebs and Emblicks parched of each one ounce Bole sealed Earth and Blood-stone of each six drams Coriander seeds prepared one ounce and an haly Spodium or burnt Ivory two drams Roses one ounce the Species of three Sanders without Camphire half an ounce Rust of Iron prepared one ounce Barley flower two ounces Oyl of Mastich and Myrtles of each as much as is sufficient make an Emplaister to cover the whol Belly from the Cartilage called Ensiformis or Xiphoides to the Os Pectinis or the Bone at the bottom of the Belly You may also make a Fomentation for the whol Belly of a Decoction of astringent things made in Iron Water with a little red Wine and Vinegar Or Take of red Roses two handfuls Wormwood and Mints of each one handful Nutmeg and Cypress Roots Mastich and Galangal of each one dram With a linnen cloth make a bag as big as the belly which being warmed in red Wine or Vinegar may be laid upon the belly Or Take of Wormwood Mints Plantane Oak Leaves and tops of Brambles Horstail and Knot-grass of each one handful Chamomel flowers two pugils red Roses half a handful Myrtles one dram Seeds of Sumach Plantane and Coriander of each six drams Nutmegs three make a Decoction in steeled Water and red Wine for to foment the Belly Rulandus doth apply a bag of Bran boyled in Vinegar If the pain be great apply a linnen cloth wet in steeled Milk that is warm But if Fomentations wil not Cure you may use Waters to sit in called Insessus These are commended by Matthew de Gradi Savanarola and Jachinus who saith that they are a great secret for the Cure of Children for by their actual heat they do drive the Humors somwhat towards the Skin and by their aâ—â—ringent quality stop the flux But you must not use them if the Body be very full of evil Humors or if the Dysentery be malignant and joyned with a Feaver They are made of Oak buds green Cypress Berries green Pine-nuts or Leaves Barks and other such like boyled in Water of the aforesaid Decoctions for Fomentations You may make Fumigations that the Patient may receive the vapor of them through a hollow Chair Especially a Decoction made of Mullein and the Fume thereof received is commended in this Disease and also for a Diarrhoea Faventinus commends a Fumigation made of Turpentine cast upon a hot Iron taken up into the Body twice a day And he commends also this Fomentation Take of Balm one pound Mullein one handful Put them in a long bag boyl it well in red Wine and strong Vinegar and apply it to the Fundament Rulandus useth a Decoction of Acorns in Vinegar for a Fomentation And Faventinus propoundeth this following Lotion as a secret to stop the Dysentery Take of the dross of Iron and filings of Steel both prepared in Vinegar of each one pound then boyl them in two pints of very strong Vinegar to the consumption of half Let the Patient put his feeâ— and his hands half an hour every morning and evening therein In a long Disease and when there are Ulcers in the Guts Quick-silver is good if it be mixed with Oyntment of Roses and the belly anointed therewith As also the Clysters afore mentioned for filthy Ulcers At the same time you may give Milk and Syrup of Myrtles Also one dram of true Balsom given in a Wafer doth wonderfully heal al inward Ulcers For asswaging pain apply the Caul of a new killed Sheep to the belly and bind it on especially to Children and repeat it often If the Liver Stomach or Brain cause this flux you must use proper Medicines to them alwaies making choice of those that do astringe and strengthen For his ordinary Drink give him Spring Water with Conserve of Roses the Tincture of Roses a Decoction of Oaken Leaves or Water wherein Terra sigillata is infused or wherein red hot Gold hath been quenched with Syrup of Quinces Myrtles or dried Roses Or when there is no Feaver use a weak Decoction of Mastich with the Syrups aforesaid According to Crato's Judgment you must not use any chaly beat or steeled Drink for it doth not astringe as commonly they suppose but troubleth the belly Others commend the Decoction of Gramen or Dogs Tooth because it is good to dry and divert by Urine Lastly 'T is worth the Observation which Aetius speaks Lib. 3. Cap. 8. and Paulus Lib. 1. Cap. 35. that old fluxes are dryed up by Venery Which Hippocrates said formerly 7. Epid in the end Excessive Venery doth cure fluxes of the belly Amatus Lusitanus learned this Truth by Experience Curat 41. Cent 2. One troubled with a Dysentery saith he very violently was married and the first night he lay with his Wife was cured Let this be added for a Conclusion which is related in the Cure of Diarrhoea out of Platerus in his Cure of the flux of the Hemorrhoids Hot Blood of either Man or Beast given in a Clyster doth wonderfully stop and cure the flux Chap. 7. Of Tenesmus TEnesmus is a continual desire to go to stool and voiding of nothing but Slime or bloody Matter The immediate Cause of this Disease is an Ulcer in the streight Gut called Intestinum rectum from which Quittor or filthy Matter continually floweth and stirreth up the expulsive Faculty by which means there is a continual desire of going to stool Moreover there is voided a slimy Matter mixed with blood from the depravation of the Homoiosis or quality that converts things into its likeness of the ulcerated part because it cannot wel concoct its proper Nourishment and make it like it self but turns it into another slimy substance as we shewed more at large in Dysenteries and other Ulcers of the Guts But in regard we said in the Chapter of Dysentery That al the Intestines might be ulcerated in that disease thence it seems to follow That the Ulcers of the straight Gut called Rectum belong to a Dysentery Yet Custom hath so prevailed that when the Rectum is only hurt it is called by the name of Tenesmus And because when other Guts are affected if the Rectum suffer there is also Tenesmus or needing although the disease be then called a Dysentery therefore Dysentery and Tenesmus are of the same Nature and have the same Cause and differ only in respect of the part affected And therefore we need not repeat the Causes because they are the same with those that produce a Dysentery For the Knowledg of this Disease there is no more required but to distinguish it from a Dysentery which you may learn from the definition For in a Tenesmus there is a continual needing but in a Dysentery it is by fits besides in that after great straining there is voided only a little slime bloody or mattery but in a Dysentery both Excrements and Humors are continually voided The Signs of the Causes are the same with a Dysentery As for the Prognostick Celsus Lib.
in all people alike The usual and most ordinary signs Aâ—â—â—inking Breath somwhat sowr as the women call it and stools like Cow dung of a gray color like Potters Earth dissolved Other signs are less usual as a continual Feaver which is often in a day more violent from the motion of the Worms with heaviness cold sweat somtimes and fainting loathing vomiting and unquenchable thirst The Pulse is unequal the Cheeks are by turns red or blew the Eyes shine the Nose itâ—heth the Teeth gnash and somtimes chatter there is a smal dry Cough much Spittle somtimes there is heaviness of head and sleepiness somtimes doting and Epileptick Convulsions There is often a pain in the Belly by gnawing somtimes by inflamation and distension or stretching forth like men in dropsies somtimes there is starting in the sleep and some tremble and rise up and fall asleep again somtimes all the body pineth and the Patient hath a Dogs Appetite insatiable which is most usual in the flat worms which eat up all the Food Moreover If Gourd Worms called Cucurbitini be voided they are a sign of flat The Ascarides are known by the itching of the Anus or Fundament and the Excrements are many times filled with them For a Conclusion The consuming putrefaction and eating away of the Gums is to be reckoned among the signs of the Worms which is confirmed by this following Observation A certain Boy was a long time troubled with eating away of his Gums many Medicines both internally and externally were applied and all in vain at length he died The body being opened there were found so many Worms that in some places the bowels were eaten through and many were found in the empty places of his Belly As for the Prognostick Many Worms are worse than few great than little Many times they are dangerous and bring great Diseases as a strong Feaver by fits swooning speechlessness doting epilepsie chollick and dogs appetite In the beginning of a disease it is evil for VVorms to come forth either alive or dead especially if they come forth alone and without dung for when they are alive and come forth they signifie great crudity or want of nourishment but dead they signifie great putrefaction by which they are killed VVorms in the declining of a Disease coming forth with the Excrements signifie Health if concoction appear for it appears then that Nature ruleth and mastereth the Excrements The Cure of the Worms is by driving them out because they are wholly against Nature And this is done by purging Medicines which kill VVorms and evacuate the Matter that breedeth them Rhubarb is the best which you may give in a Flux or Feaver But you must first give things that kill them or at least that drive them to the inferior Intestines by things taken at the Mouth or those things that draw them down by Clysters The usual forms whereof are these Take of Dogs-tooth and Purslane Water of each one ounce and an half Syrup of Lemmons one ounce Confectio de Hyacintho one dram the Pouder against Worms one scruple Make a Potion give it presently and then this Clyster Take of whol Barley Bran and red Roses of each one pugil Liquoris and Raisons scraped and stoned of each half an ounce Boyl them to half a pint or three quarters of a pint Dissolve in it strained red Sugar one ounce and one Yolk of an Egg. Make a Clyster You may ad Cassia or Diacatholicon if you desire it stronger After those Medicines have been given once or twice give this Potion Take of Rhubarb one dram yellow Sanders half a scruple infuse them in Water of Dogs-tooth or Purslain two or three ounces strain them and dissolve in it the pouder of Rhubarb and pouder against the Worms of each one scruple Syrup of Roses one ounce Mix them for a Potion Or Take of the pouder of Rhubarb and Coralline of each half a dram more or less according to the age Dogs-tooth Water two ounces Syrup of Violets one ounce Make a Potion If the Feaver be not great two drams of Hiera Picra more or less are to be mixed in a Potion for by its bitterness it killeth and expeileth Worms excellently If these things will not Cure them use these following Take of Dogs-tooth and Sorrel Water of each one ounce Endive Succory Sorrel and Purslane of each one handful the tops of St. Johns-wort Scordium or Water Germander and Centaury the less of each one pugiâ—â— Coralline three drams boyl them to a pint dissolve in the straining three ounces of Syrup of Lemmons Make a Julep for three or four Doses to be taken twice in a day Take of the Oyntment de Artanita or Soubread three ounces Quick-silver one dram mix them and anoint the whol belly Then purge again and often till the body be clensed And you may ad to the former Decoction Senna Agarick Rhubarb c. and give it but once in a day Rondoletius highly commends the Electuary Diacarthamum as an excellent Remedy to expel Worms and to purge Flegm and corrupted Chyle of which worms breed and are nourished as also he commends the infusion of Agarick in Oxymel Which Remedies are proper if there be no Feaver But because often times the diseases of the worms in some Children cannot be cured without much labor and time there are many Remedies found out by Authors both internal and external Among the Internal first we will treat of Pouders whereof there are divers Forms in Authors The chief are these following the dose whereof is from one scruple to a dram according to the age of the Patient in some convenient Liquor Take of Worm-seed half an ounce Coralline three drams Harts-horn two drams Make a Pouder Or Take of Worm-seeds Coralline and Harts-horn burnt of each equal parts Or Take of Hiera simplex two drams Worm-seed Scordium the lesser Centaury and Coralline of each one dram Make a Pouder Take of Rhubarb and Agarick of each one dram Troches of Alhandal one scruple Diagridium half a scruple Coralline and burnt Harts-horn of each half an ounce Myrrh Zedoary and Tansie flowers of each one scruple Salt of Wormwood and Tartar of each half a dram Make a fine Pouder In the use of these Pouders observe that they which are made of hot things are to be given seldom and in smal quantities to hot Natures and in Feavers VVomen use to give to Children troubled with the worms VVorm-seed made up with Sugar or mixed with Honey which is an excellent Medicine because the worms desiring sweet things take in the Honey and withal the VVorm-seed whereby they are destroyed But because VVorm-seed is very hot it may be made temperate by infusing it two hours in Vinegar and after mixing it with boyled Honey into the form of an Opiate which Amatus Lusitanus doth praise as a principal Medicine against VVorms Burnt Harts-horn is commended by Forestus given with Raisons or otherwise and some have been cured with that alone
with it and so it wil be stronger Also Spring Water made sharp with some few drops of the Spirit of Virriol or Sulphur is of no less force For sharp things do properly kill VVorms and the Water is to be made more or less sharp according to the age of the Party The Decoction of Dog-tooth with Coriander seed prepared is used vulgarly for ordinary drink mixed with Syrup of Lemons or of pomegranats Or you may put Sugar and a little Vinegar in the Decoction While the aforesaid Remedies are used you must give Clysters often the whol time of the Disease first made of sweet things to attract and draw down the VVorms as at first we said which may be made not only of a Decoction of Liquoris Raisons and Figs but also of Chicken-broth and Sugar and Honey of Roses or of Milk if there be no Feaver otherwise it wil be easily Corrupted But if we conjecture that the VVorms are already in the thick Guts because then they can scarcely ascend into thin Guts you may give Clysters to kil them made thus Take of Dog-Tooth Roots one ounce Beets Mallows Pot Mercury and Purslain of each half an handful Coralline one pugil Coriander seeds prepared and Wormseed of each two drams boyl them in a Quart of Water in one Pint of the straining dissolve two ounces of Oyl of Roses Cassia newly drawn six drams Hiera Picra two drams Honey of Violets one ounce make a Clyster If you wil have stronger Take of Gentian Roots one ounce common Wormwood and Southernwood of each one handful the lesser Centaury half an handful Lupâ—nes half an ounce Wormseed two drams make a Decoction In as much of the straining as you think fit dissolve the Oyl of Wormwood one ounce and an half Salt one dram and an half â—â—ake a Clyster which must be repeated and in the last that the Worms may be brough forth after they are killed dâ—ssolve of Benedicta Laxativa and Hiera Picra of each three dramâ— or half an ounce If there be a Flux of the Belly give this following Clyster Take of Tormenâ—l Roots and of Round Buth-wort of each one ounce and and an half Pomegranate Peels and Myrcha ans of each one ounce Pease a smal handful Myrtle berries one dram Red Roses one pugil make a Decoction and dissolve in the straining of Oyl of Mints or of Wormwood one ounce make a Cryster Outwardly may divers Topicks be applied not only those that were mentioned but these following Take of Gentian Roots one ounce Birth-wort Roots six drams Orange Peels one ounce Coloquintida one dram burnt Harts-horn two drams Saffron half a dram make a Pouder which mix with Oyl of Wormwood or Bitter Almonds and with a little Wax make an Vnguent Also common Oyl boyled with the Pulp of Coloquintida is powerful Also Oyl of Wormwood and St. Johns-wort must be applied to the whol Belly morning and evening Take of Oyl of Wormwood Mints and bitter Almonds of each half an ounce the Juyce of Wormwood and Rue of each two ounces Tormentil white Dittany and Zedoary of each half a dram Ox Gall three drams Aloes one scruple Pouder them and with a little Wax make an Oynment Or Take of Coloquintida six drams Pouder it and with an Ox Gall lay it to the Navel by which both the Worms are killed and the belly kept loose Take of Murrh seven drams Mast ch eight ounces Aloes eighteen ounces common Salt one pound bruise them all and Distil them by a Retort with a gentle Fire and great diligence first you will have a Water than an Oyl with which if you anoint the Navel of a Child all putrefaction will be clensed which is in the Mysentery Also you may make a Cataplasm thus Take of the meal of Lupines two ounces Myrrh and Aloes of each two drams Ox Gall as much as is sitting Oyl of Wormwood two ounces make a Cataplasm for the Belly If a Loosness hath Continued long apply this following Cataplasm Take of Oyl of Quinces and Wormwood of each one ounce the Juyce of Purslain extracted with Vinegar one ounce and an half Peaseflowr an ounce Lupine flowr half an ounce Red Coral and burnt Harts-horn of each three drams mix them together with as much Turpentine as wil make a Cataplasm A Cataplasm also made of only Hiera Picra is most powerful Somtimes you may use Fomentations when there is a great stretching and puffing up of the Belly Made thus Take of Wormwood Southernwood Tansie Scordium Mallows and Violets of each one handful beaten Lupines half an ounce Centaury one pugil boyl them in Vinegar and Water and Foment the whol Belly hot therewith very often Finally For Flat VVorms and Ascarides or Ars-Worms Clysters made of bitter things are good to which you may ad the Purging things aforesaid while the filth of which they breed be purged away Chap. 10 Of the Immoderate Flux of the Hoemorrhoids ALthough the moderate Flux of the Hoemorrhoids be healthful and preserveth a man from many and grievous Diseases as Hippocrates taught in epidemii and in his Aphorisms as from a Pleurisie Peripneumonia or Inflamation of the Lungs nephritis or the Stone in the Kidneys Madness Melancholly and innumerable other Yet the immoderate Flux is most dangerous and brings other pernicious Diseases as Weakness of the whol Body Coolness of the Bowels and especially of the Liver an Atrophy or want of nourishment an evil Habit and Dropsie by the loss of Natural Heat by spending too much Blood which is the treasure of Life and the cheerisher of the whol Body And this Immoderate Flux hath the same Causes which use to provoke other sorts of Bleeding namely Blood offending in Quantity or Quality when it offendeth in Quantity and is brought in great plenty to the Haemorrhoid Veins it doth violently dilate them and open their Orifices by the strength of the Expulsive Faculty but somtimes too much Blood coming thither doth oppress the Retentive Faculty Hence it comes that she being Defective in her duty there is a great Flux which must be restrained by art But while Blood off ends in Quality as sharpness it stirs up the Expulsive Faculty to cast forth by those Veins not only the unprofitable but profitable Blood the Blood Causing this Flux is made sharper by a mixture of Choller or sharp Water This immoderate Flux is known by the loss of Strength and a Sense of Weakness coming from a long Flux and loss of Blood As also from an evil yellowish colour of the whol Body as if it were the Jaundice If the Disease come from Quantity of Blood there went before Causes of increase of Blood and the Patient bears it wel in the beginning and is more cheerful but afterwards the Flux continuing he grows weak and dejected But if it comes from sharpness and thinness of the Blood there went before Causes that breed cholet or sharp Water the body is of a Chollerick Constitution and burnt the blood floweth
violently and it is very red shining and as it were flaming when otherwise offending only in Quantity it useth to be black and Melancholly The Prognostick is gathered easily from what hath been said when we reckon up those grievous Diseases which come from this For the Cure The Blood must be stanched or moderated at least which must be done by Revulsives Derivatives Thickners and Astringents And first Phlebotomy is a Revulsive Remedy in every Flux of blood therefore in the Haemorrhoids thus flowing draw blood from the Arm and more plentifully if there be signs of fulness and much hath not been lost otherwise take but little and at divers times Also Frictions and Ligatures of the Superior parts do revel the blood as also Cupping Glasses applied to the Shoulders Breasts and Hypochondria which for the better Revulsion may have Scarrification in the Shoulders but they must be often applied to the places afore-mentioned Also a Gentle Purge doth derive the Chollerick Humors which make the blood so violent in the Guts and this must be made of Purging things that have an Astringent Quality as Rhubarb Myrobalans and Tamarinds such as were prescribed against Vomiting of Blood And Mercurialis teacheth That Tamarinds have an especial power to stop this kind of bleeding whether they be taken boyled or in substance Also sharp French Pruens which are somwhat like Tamarinds being often eaten afore meat are good and their use is convenient to keep the body loose and if these wil not suffice you may ad other things which were propounded for the Cure of a Belly bound because by use of Astringents the belly wil be bound and by straining to discharge the Excrements that are hard the Veins wil be more open and bleed more Afterwards you must use those things that thicken the Blood and astringe the loose Veins such as were prescribed for vomiting and spitting of blood in form of a Julep Pouder Opiate and the rest coming to Narcoticks as is there said if great need require And besides those Remedies the Pills of Bdellium are much commended by Authors which Rondeletius rejecteth because the Apothecaries have not true Bdellium and use Mirrh instead thereof which causeth bleeding But Solenander opposeth him saying by Experience that he hath found these Pills make of ordinary Bdellium so cleerly to produce their effect that he wil not doubt of the composition Except some should think that the Myrrh is made dull by drying things and astringents that are mixed therewith To this we may add what Bauderon in his Dispensatory and other Modern Writers say That we have true Bdellium brought from India at this day which is hard to be distinguished from Myrrh The use of these Pills is after this manner Take of Pills of Bdellium one dram the Troches of Amber and Terra sigillata of each one scruple With the Mucilage of Quince seeds extracted with Rose Water Make a mass of Pills of which let him take a scruple twice a day before Dinner and Supper At the same time you must use Topicks made after divers forms A Fomentation of Mullein boyled in Smiths VVater or astringent VVine is best for that Plant is proper for the pain and bleeding of the Hemorrhoids But you must diligently observe in the use of Fomentations that they be either cold or moderately hot A more compound Decoction may be made thus Take of Snakeweed Roots half a pound Plantane Mullein Bramble and Oak buds of each two handfuls and an half Sumach berries Pomegranate flowers green Galls and Pomegranate peels of each one handful Myrtles half a dram red Roses two pugils Allum one ounce boyl these in three parts of Forge water and one of old red Wine for a Fomentation Martin Ruland commends a Fomentation made of two bags applied hot by times made of red cloth and filled with beaten Acorns and Oak Leaves and boyled long in strong Vinegar Of the Decoction before mentioned with a greater quantity of every Simple you may make a Bath to sit in which the â—ick man must use somwhat cold as is said of a Fomentation Vnguentum Comitissae is very good if you anoint the Back and Hemorrhoids therewith or you may make for the present this following Take of Oyl of Roses Olives and Myrtles of each two ounces the Juyce of Plantane and Mullein of each one ounce and an half red Wine Vinegar one ounce boyl them till the juyces are consumed then add of Bole Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence and dross of Iron finely poudered of each one dram Wax as much as will make an Vnguent Rondoletius approves rather of those Oyntments which are made without Oyl because they are more astringent and they are thus made Take of the Juyce of Plantane Shepheards-purse and Mullein of each two ounces the simple Syrup of Vinegar three ounces boyl them gently then add of Bole Terra sigillata and Snakeweed Roots poudered of each one dram and an half Sanguis Draconis one ounce Ceruss washed two scruples mix them into the form of a Liniment If the Hemorrhoids be ulcerated you may make this following Take of Oyl of Roses two ounces Frankinsence and Aloes of each one dram Sarcocol Sanguis Draconis and Bole of each half a dram Spodium and Carabe of each one scruple white Starch three drams Juyce of Plantane one ounce Make an Vnguent The Fat of an Eel which comes out when it is roasted put to the Oyntments makes them better by a proper Vertue Also you may with profit apply a Cataplasm to the said parts made thus Take of Bole Aloes Mastich Frankinsence and Sanguis Draconis of each half an ounce the stones of Myrobalans and Galls of each one dram mix them with the white of an Egg and Juyce of Plantane Make a Cataplasm Or the Hairs of an Hare burnt and Spiders webs mixed with the white of an Egg will make a Cataplasm which you must apply to the Vein where it is open if it appears or put it gently in Suppositories are good for this use because they are put up into the part The Form of them is Take of Colophony and Frankinsence of each three drams Bole half an ounce Ceruss and burnt Lead of each one dram Acacia half a dram pouder them finely and make them into a Suppository with Goats Suet. Make Injections into the part by a Syringe of the Juyce of Plantane and other things mentioned for a Fomentation The blood of any Creature newly drawn and injected whiâ—e it is hot doth wonderfully restrain any flux of blood from the belly The Lungs of a Sheep being hot and bloody being sat upon have great power to stop this Blood Also Fumigations made of the Decoctions of the Fomentations aforesaid are good for the same end To which you may ad those things mentioned in a Dysentery As also this following Take of Frankinsence Aloes Mastich red Roses Myrtles and Wormwood of each half a dram Troches of Carabe one dram Make a grass Pouder to be
which when he would have it more drying he adds Barley Meal and Millet Meal And if the pain be great he makes it of Milk He commends also the Cataplasm of Leek Heads boyled in Common Oyl or Oyl of Myrtles or made of Pilewort boyled in Water Green Elder Leaves boyled to slime in Water and then spread upon a cloth as big as the Palm of your Hand and applied hot to the Patient lying upon his Belly if it be often renewed for many hours and the part first anointed with common Oyl or the Decoction of the same is very excellent The Leaves also of Elder stamped and applied cold do take away the pain the third dressing Also Purslain stamped and applied asswageth pain and swelling heats the Ulcers and consumeth proud flesh A white Onion roasted in the Embers and made with fresh Butter into a Cataplasm doth asswage pain and discuss the Tumor Let Fomentations be applied to the part to take away pain made of the Decoction of Mullein Mallows Holyhocks Pellitory Lin-seed Foenugreek seed Marsh-mallows Chamomel flowers and Dill boyled in Milk or in the want of Milk in Water and Oyl or Tripe Broth. You may make a Bath with a greater quantity of the same Ingredients Cold Water alone is a good Fomentation and a Bath also But in Winter warm it Also foment in Rose Water in which Salt of Lead hath been dissolved especially if the part be inflamed To take away swelling it is good to foment with red Wine wherein Allum is boyled Polypody of the Oak and St. Johns-wort boyled in equal parts of Wine and Water doth sensibly abate the swelling of the Hemorrhoids if the Decoction be squeezed in by degrees with a spunge the Waters of hot Baths applied with Spunges or to sit in are also good Aquapendens applieth a Spunge dipped in Time Water and squeezed and after bound upon the part a Fumigation of the aforesaid Decoction while it is hot or of Mullein boyled in Milk with Rye Flower doth also appease pain Or Take of Housleek two handfuls boyl them in white Wine and let the Patient receive the Fume through an hollow Chair To consume and dry up the Piles a Fumigation made of the Pouder of Darnel Mullein Pilewort cast upon hot coals is good and better if you mix Brimstone therewith Also it is made of Brimstone only which taken in with a Funnel drieth up the blind Hemorrhoids Also a Fumigation made of a Fire-stone quenched in Vinegar And this following Injection is marvelous good for the same if often used Take of Juyce of Plantane and Oyl of Violets of each four ounces Natural Balsom half an ounce Make an Injection into the Anus Amatus Lusitanus in the 91. Cure Cent. 2. doth praise this following Suppository in these words A Roman Lady which lived at St. Angelo's Bridg having her Womb forth complained also of the pain of the Hemorrhoids And after we had used many choyce Medicines by which she received no benefit we gave her a Suppository of Goats Suet and Opium by which she was cured perfectly But we washed the part afterwards with strengthening things warm as ought to be after stupefying Medicines have been applied The same Amatus Curat 6. Cent. 3. commends this following Topick in these words A Reverend man was grievously troubled with the Hemorrhoids and after divers means used by Physitians was cured by us with this Medicine immediately Take an Orange and make it hollow and fill it with Oyl of Roses and of Spike then roast it and apply it hot repeated often it is wonderful The Lungs of a Goat are used commonly applied hot to the part or some slices made hot between two Dishes with a little VVater to asswage pain Both the aforesaid Ealsom of Sulphur and these following Oyntments are good for the Piles ulcerated Take of new Oyl of Eggs two ounces Stir them in a Leaden Mortar and apply them Take four ounces of Oyl of Roses and one ounce of Ceruss With half an ounce of Litharge and six drams of new Wax and four grains of Opium Make an Oyntment Or Take of Frankinsence Myrrh and Saffron of each one dram Opium two grains One Yolk of an Egg Oyl of Roses and Mucilage of Fleabane seeds of each as much as will make an Oyntment If they will not easily be dissolved you must open them after convenient Revulsions rubbing them with a rough cloth dipped in the Juyce of Onions in which there was dissolved one dram of Aloes This is Hartmans Secret But they are soon opened and with less pain with a Pen-knife or Hors-leeches Some special things are taken by the Mouth to asswage pain and consume the Hemorrhoids The chief are these The Decoction of Yarrow taken three daies as ordinary Drink and the seed of three Leaved Grass given many daies together with the Yolk of an Egg is also excellent The Pouder of Mullein given in Milk or otherwise is much approved against the Swelling of the Piles The Pouder of Yarrow and Tormentil are commended to do the same The Juyce of Mullein by its self or mixed with Sugar of Roses or Penedies or made into a Syrup with Sugar is also excellent Finally Pills of Bdellium taken often do consume the Piles and take away the cause of them insensibly An Issue made in the Legg is very good for them who are subject to this Disease The End of the Tenth Book THE ELEVENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Liver The PREFACE THe Liver as other parts is subject to all kind of Diseases For as it is compounded of similarly parts it hath divers distempers and as it is an organical part it is Affected with Tumors and stoppages as also with solution of Continuity which is Wounds and Vlcers And although the Dropsie be in the whol Abdomen or Belly as in an Ascites or Tympanites or in the whol Body as in Anasarca yet the Original thereof for the most part is from the Liver We intend here only to shew the chief Diseases which are most ordinary and we shal Comprehend them in Six Chapters The first whereof is concerning the Hot distemper of the Liver The second of the Inflamation Vlcer and Imposthume of the Liver The third of Obstruction of the Liver The fourth of the Jaundice The fifth of Scirrhus The sixth of the Dropsie Chap. 1. Of the Hot Distemper of the Liver MAny men have a Hot Distemper of their Liver from their Birth of which here we shal not treat but only of that preternatural Disease which manifestly hindereth the Actions of the Liver This Distemper is either Simple or Compound either with Matter or without but for the most part it hath Matter joyned with it because a Hot Distemper of the Liver useth to produce Hot and Chollerick Humors The Causes of this Distemper are Hot Weather immoderate Exercise much Anger and other great Passions of the Mind and especially hot nourishment and Physick or things Spiced a
suffering do all escape but they who are corrupted in the very fleshy substance of the Liver die and there is good reason to be given why they do The immediate Causes of this Disease are too much Blood or the boyling heat thinness and sharpness of the same or the motion and stirring of it in the Veins from whence by the aforesaid Causes it is easily thrown into those parts which are most fit to receive it The Liver is most sit to receive blood abounding when it is too hot or hath any pain for heat and pain do attract or if it have any Natural or adventitious weakness For all parts that are burdened with any Humor do disburden themselves upon the weakest Among these Causes you may reckon the obstruction of the Liver by which the thick Humors are retained and are inflamed by a Preternatural heat The External Causes may be many as too much heat of the body from immoderate Excercise the Sun or fire but Meats sharp and spiced immoderate taking of two much strong Wine too much Letchery Fear a Stroak or Fall upon the Liver side also hot Medicines applyed without reason thereto as Fabricius Hildanus reports of one who having a cold distemper of the Stomach had Emplaisters and hot Oyntments of Pepper Cardamons Oyl of Cloves and the like applyed to him by which means the Inflamation of the Liver was encreased for the Liver covereth the Stomach and the Medicines which are applied to the Stomach do first touch the Liver with their Vertue Cupping Glasses applied to the Region of the Liver wil do the same of which Fabricius Hildanus brings an Example concerning one who bled at the Nose to whom he applied great Cupping Glasses upon the Region of the Liver which stayed the blood but a great Inflamation of the Liver followed The Signs of this Disease are many according to Galen and other Authors which we shal lay down severally because many errors are committed in the discovery thereof The First Sign is Heaviness in the right Hypochondrion which comes from the Repletion and Distention of the Liver because being of its own nature large and very compact if it be filled with much Humor it wil grow very heavy which the Patient apprehends when he turâ—eth from one side to the other The Second Sign is Pain which somtimes is perceived in one place somtimes in two or three in the Region of the Liver there is a weighty Pain somtimes it is very extending in the lower Ribs when the Inflamation reacheth to the Ligaments of the Liver which are fastned to the Ribs somtimes the Pain is communicated to the Throat by the continuation of the Membranes which have consent with the Membrane which covers the Liver The Third Sign is a Feaver which is commonly at night and is more or less sharp according to the Humor offending for in a Chollerick Inflamation it is most burning but in a Flegmatick gentle and in a Sanguine Inflamation moderate between both The Fourth Sign is Difficulty of Breathing because the Liver is tyed to the Diaphragma or Midriff and therefore by its weight forceth it downwards as also presseth it with greatness and swelling so that both wayes the free motion of the Diaphragma is hindered The aforesaid Signs are Universal or proper to declare the Disease there are many other equivocal Signs which also do much avail to the knowledge of the Disease As a dry Cough a hard Pulse unequal and like a Saw the colour of the Tongue first red and then black great Loathing of meat unquenchable Thirst vomiting of Choller and somtimes of Flegm a pale Colour of the whol Body tending to the Jaundice yellowish red and flaming Urin which is sharp when the Patient lieth with his face upwards he is more at ease than when he lieth on either side because when he lieth upon the right side the Liver is pressed upon by the Stomach when he lieth upon the left it is extended by its own weight hanging down the Belly is bound by reason of the Heat which consumeth al the moisture of the Chylus matter Somtimes it is loose namely when a great weakness of the Liver is joyned with the inflamation for then the Excrements are sent forth moist like the Water wherein Flesh hath been washed The Signs of the Differences are these If the Gibbous or Convex part of the Liver be affected there is a Tumor to be felt in the right Hypochondrion and it makes the figure of the Liver like a half Moon there is great pain in the Breathing and it reacheth to the right side of the Throat so that it seemeth to be pulled down There is a greater Cough and Difficulty of Breathing and greater weight But if the Hollow part of the Liver be affected the Tumor is not so easily felt but because as I have said one part of the Liver cannot be inflamed but the other must also suffer when the part is touched and pressed down some pain is perceived Moreover Because this part lieth upon the Stomach there is a greater loathing of Meat vomiting thirst and loosness of the Belly from the food corrupted in the Stomach which is distempered by the neerness of the Liver to it The Signs of the Causes are these If the Inflamation come from pure Blood there is either a perfect Red or duskish colour in the face the Pulse is great soft and waterish the Urin is red and thick the Body is full of flesh there is sweetness in the mouth the party is yong and hath fed high If Choller predominate the Face is yellow the Pulse swift hard and unequal the Urin thin and very yellow somtimes flaming the Body is lean and thin the Eyes hollow the Mouth bitter there is vomiting of Choller and Causes that bred Choller went afore But because the Inflamation of the Muscles of the Abdomen or Belly is very like the Inflamation of the Liver there we must distinguish them by their proper Signs In the Inflamation of the Muscles of the Abdomen the skin is so extended that if you lay hold of it you cannot move it the humors of the streight Muscles are long and over the whol belly comprehending the Navel and the inflamation of other Muscles is in the form of them On the contrary the Inflamation of the Liver is in the shape of the part affected and if you lay hold on the Muscles they yeild and the Tumor is somwhat deeper Moreover The color of the whol Body is of much concernment for the distinguishing of these Diseases for in the Inflamation of the Muscles it is fresh and almost in its Natural condition but in the Inflamation of the Liver it is pale yellow and like the Jaundice There is a famous Example of this in Galen 5. de loc aff cap. 7. of one Stesianus who when he was judged by other Physitians to have an Imposthume in the Liver Galen being sent for at the first view of his face
Scirrhus easily breedeth in the Liver Spleen and Reins In the Liver because the Passages are narrow and it is nourished with thick blood in the Spleen because it receiveth the thick blood and lastly in the Reins because they are nourished with thick blood The Causes of the latter Scirrhus which followeth other Humors is the immoderate use of discussing Medicines or of Repercussives which by cooling and binding do thicken the Matter and keep it from dissolving Besides the Matter of the Disease which is properly cold and thick and will not be dissolved or the weakness of the part which cannot help the breathing forth of the Humors And lastly a cooling and thickening Diet. The signs of a Scirrhus in the Liver are a hardness in the right Hypochondrion and that more than in an Obstruction next a heaviness in that part especially when there is violent breathing no Feaver nor pain by which it is distinguished from an Inflamation or there is but little pain as when the Schirrus is not exquisite or perfect There is less repose upon the left side because the Liver being hard and heavy doth then lie upon the Stomach and burden it the color of the Face is pale and and greenish because when the Liver is Schirrus there is no good Blood produced by it The whoI Body also is fallen away because there is neither Sanguification nor distribution of Nourishment as it ought to be The Prognostick of this Disease is given by Galen 2. ad Glaucum cap. 4. in these words An insensible Scirrus is incurable but that which is a little sensible is curable though with much difficulty Also Galen cap. 5. of the same Book saith We have cured a Schirrus of the Liver often in the beginning of it but when it hath been of long continuance neither could I nor any other that I ever heard of cure it An old inveterate Scirrhus turns to a Dropsie incurable of which some die sooner than others if they have a loosness of the Belly therewith of long continuance A Scirrhus which followeth the Jaundice or causeth the same is dangerous Whence Hippocrates Aph. 42. Sect. 6. saith that if the Liver grow hard in them who have the Jaundice it is an evil sign The Cure of a Scirrhus is first by the taking away of the Antecedent Cause by the Apozem which is prescribed in the Obstruction of the Liver To which you may add other Medicines proper to open Obstructions Afterwards you must discuss the hard Matter with mollifying and opening things For this end the Steel Pills above mentioned are excellent especially if you add thereto Bdellium Ammoniacum and Sagapenum But if the hardness be very great you must give these Pills following many daies together Take of Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar and strained and again made thick two drams Bdellium and Storax of each four scruples mix them Take one dram every other day And in the daies between let him use the Opiate or strengthening and opening Lozenges prescribed in the Cure of Obstructions These following Pills have a wonderful Vertue to soften a Scirrhus and dissolve it Take of the best Aloes and Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar strained and again made thick of each half an ounce Mercurius dulcis two drams Diagridium one dram With Oxymel of Squils make a Mass of Pills of which let him take half a dram four hours before Dinner for twenty or thirty daies together Zacutus Lusitanus Obs 41. Lib. 1. Praxis Admir reports that there was a strong Scirrhus cured by the use of Conserve of Horehound forty daies together Some Practitioners commend the use of Turpentine thus prepared Take of Turpentine washed with white Wine one ounce and an half Sugar half an ounce Give one dram every day or every other day for it is an opening Medicine that provoketh Vrine and looseneth the Belly All the time of Cure let the Patient take white Wine or thin Claret steeled for his ordinary Drink Also the other Preparations of Steel before mentioned are very good Outwardly you must apply Fomentations Oyntments and Plaisters thus made Take of Marsh-mallow Roots Briony and Lilly Roots of each one ounce Mallows Violeâ—â— Pellitory of the Wall Wormwood and Agrimony of each one handful Linseed Foenugreek and Dill seed of each half a dram Chamomel Melilot and Rose flowers of each one pugil boyl them in three parts of Water and one of white Wine or in Water and Vinegar With the straining let the Region of the Liver be fomented every morning and evening If the Scirrhus be very great add to the Decoction Flowerdeluce wild Cucumers and Dwarf-Elder Roots and make the Decoction in Tripe Broth and white Wine Take of Oyl of Lillies Chamomel Melilot and sweet Almonds of each one ounce Oyl of Roses and Wormwood of each half an ounce Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar three drams Wax two drams make a Liniment with which anoint the part aforesaid after the Fomentation If you desire a stronger Liniment Take of the Juyce of Briony and wild Cucumer of each two ounces the Oyl of Capars and Tamarisk of each three ounces white Wine one ounce boyl them till the Juyce and the Wine be consumed then add two drams of Wormwood in pouder Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar half an ounce with a little Wax make a Liniment Take of the Emplaister de Mucilaginibus one ounce Melilot half an ounce Gum Ammoniack melted in the Juyce of Wormwood three drams soften them with a little Oyl of Wormwood 〈◊〉 Lillies and make a Plaister to be laid on after the Liniment The Leaves of Henbane boyled in Vinegar are good to be outwardly applied to the part made â—â— to the form of a Cataplasm or Pultiss with Oyl of bitter Almonds To these you may add Baths made of softening and digesting things and of strengtheners such as we prescribed for Fomentations and let the Patient use them by turns And finally Make an Issue in the right Leg that part of the Matter offending may be that way drawn forth Chap. 6. Of the Dropsie HIppocrates makes two kinds of Dropsies namely An Universal and a Particular An Universal Dropsie is that which is in the whol Body or over the whol Belly a Particular is that which is only in one part hence there is the Dropsie of the Head Breast and Womb of which here we shall not speak but only of the Universal Galen gives three kinds of this Universal Dropsie namely Ascites Tympanites and Anasarca or Leucophlegmasia Ascites is a swelling of the Belly caused of a serous Humor nor doth the Belly only swell but many times the Feet Legs Thighs and Cods Nay an Ascites somtimes begins with a swelling in the Feet which ascends after to the Legs and so to the Thighs and Belly This serous Humor as it is of the Nature of Water it is cold but as it is salt it hath in it heat which then is encreased by the neerness of the Bowels and more by
which Nature cannot govern nor sufficiently distribute into the Veins So Carolus Piso reports of a yong man that had a Tertian Ague and drinking Water exceedingly in his Fit fel into an Ascites from which by the taking of one Lozenge of Diacarthamum he was Cured by discharging the Water which was in the Abdomen but if he had continued drinking so much water any louger he had not been so easily Cured because it would have brought great obstructions and a cold distemper of the Bowels by reason of the loss of natural heat But it is questioned of many by what wayes that serous matter should be carried by the Veins into the Capacity of the Abdomen to whom we may plainly answer by saying from Hippocrates that in a living body al things are passing to and fro so that in time of necessity not only thin and serous Matter but also that which is very thick may be sent through the insensible passages So in a Pleurisie blood and matter wil pierce through the thick substance of the Pleura and Membrane which covers the Lungs and be spit forth at the mouth So in a Fracture of the Leg or Thigh which hapens without hurt to the Muscles and Skin the matter which floweth from the broken bone pierceth through the substance of the other parts and wets the boulsters and rowlers So also in a Dropsie often times a great quantity of Water is vented in one day by giving of Quicksilver which cannot be except the Water conteined in the Abdomen do pass through the Tunicles of the Guts Nor is the Objection of Fernelius of any force when he saith that Nature had in vain made so many open wayes if the Humors can pass through those invisible passages For we Answer That in an ordinary and natural motion of Humors ordained for the nourishment of the whol body those passages are necessary through which they may easily flow but in an extraordinary case provident Nature doth find out extraordinary wayes by which she may cast out hurtful Matter or at least send it to a place less dangerous Fernelius Objects again That in them who have died by a stoppage of Urine for twenty dayes together it was never perceived that any Water went through those blind passages We Answer That Nature doth not alwayes work the same way in preternatural Causes nor send hurtful Humors to the same places but especially to those parts which are more disposed to receive them through weakness So in the Suppression or Stoppage of Urine the Serous Humor flowes openly through the Veins and Arteries and fils them and if it find any part weaker than the rest it falls forceably upon it hence it is that some die of the hurt of one or other remarkable part So nothing hinders if the parts of the Abdomen in which the Veins and Arteries end be grown weak but that the Watery Humor may be sent into its capacity or hollowness Nor is that true which Fernelius would infer namely That a Dropsie never comes from suppression of Urine for Reason and Experience teacheth the contrary as we shewed afore in the Discourse of the Loss of Attraction in the Reins but you must observe that the Stoppage of the Urine doth make an increase of Water rather in the branches of the hollow Vein then of the Gate Vein or Vena Porta by which the watery Humor chiefly flows into the capacity of the Abdomen as appears by what followeth Therfore we may Answer this Question by saying That the water got into the hollow of the Abdomen by the insensible passages though there are also other manifest wayes by which it may pass Hippocrates Aph. 55. Sect. 7. hath shewed them for saith he they who have much Water about the Liver if it get into the Omentum or Kels their belly will be filled with Water and then they die The meaning of which Aphorism is though Galen did not plainly see it that the Water from the Liver doth flow into the Branches of the Vena Porta which go to the Omentum and when they are filled either by their Tunicles made thin by Diapedesis or Rarefaction or by the mouths of the Vessels being opened by Anastomosis the Water gets into the Cavity of the Abdomen This happens often in the Spleen also when it draws Water in abundance from the Stomach as appears by many sayings of Hippocrates and in lib. 4. de morbis he saith That Water may press from the Spleen to the Omentum or Kell in these words Drink is also carried into the Stomach with which when it is filled the Spleen takes it from thence and sends it to the Veins and the Omentum From which we may perceive That Water chiefly gets into the Abdomen by the Veins of the Omentum which are called Epiploicae and Gastrepiploicae although it may pass also through their Veins Besides the aforesaid Causes of a Dropsie which are more ordinary there are mentioned by Authors some less usual confirmed by Observation and these come from the disorder of some peculiar part not only of the Liver and Spleen but also of the Mesentery Sweet-bread Stomach Guts Reins Bladder and Womb namely when the Homiosis or faculty to convert nourishment into themselves is hurt from sâ—me great Disease so that their proper nourishment is corrupted and turned into Water So Galen Comment Aph. 55. Sect. 7. saith that watery Bladders are somtimes in the out-side of the Liver which being broken send Water downwards into the Cavity of the Abdomen the encrease whereof breeds a Dropsie Fernelius supposeth that the Liver being very dry hath clefts like the parched Earth and that through them there flows a constant Water which fills the Cavity of the Abdomen Others say that a Dropsie may come from the Guts if they be perforated or pierced through and yet the Patient dieth not presently but a watery Humor still flows through them into the Cavity It comes also from the Kidneys if they be much Ulcerated and water flow from them So Platerus reports of one that in a Dropsie had many Ulcers in both Kidneys from whence both matter and water flowed into the Cavity There is also a Story in Sennertus taken out of John Heinzius of a certain Woman who had a Dropsie from the distemper of the Womb whose Bowels were all sound except the Testicles or Stones which were found to be swollen as big as the Head of a new-born Child being blew hollow and full of Ulcers from which there came a serous Matter which caused the Dropsie The Dropsie called Tympanites hath its name from Tympanum a Drum because the Abdomen is stretched out like a Drum and if you strike it with your hand it sounds like it This stretching comes from wind shut up in the Cavity of the Abdomen But somtimes this wind is in the Cavity of the Guts which Platerus observed saying in some that have been thought to die of a Tympany after they were opened have
and the Membranes doth often stir up a deadly Looseness After Liniments or if they be omitted you may apply Cataplasms or Emplaisters This following is the best Take of the Roots of wild Cowcumbers well bruised and steeped twenty four hours in Vinegar of Squills one pound clarified Honey two Pints mix them and boyl them to the consistance of a Cerat and ad in the 〈◊〉 your ounces of the Pouder of Cumminseed make an Emplaister for the belly to be renewed evâ—â—y day Or Take of dryed Cow-dung one pound Brimstone and Cummin seeds Poudered of each two drams New Wine boyled called Sapa or of the Vrine of a Boy as much as will make a Cataplasm A Cataplasm of Rhadishes bruised and laid to the Navel and Reins doth provoke Stools and Urine Galen Commends a Cataplasm of Snails bruised with their Shells which must be kept to the belly till it fal off of its own accord it draws water forth violently Valeriola makes it in form of a Plaister thus Take of Cow-dung one pound Goats-dung half a pound boyl them in strong Vinegar and beat them in a Mortar with three ounces of Brimstone and one ounce of Allum the Juyce of Spurge and dwarf-Elder newly drawn of each three ounces Lupine and Orobus meal of each two ounces the Pouder of Soldanella Annis Fennel and Cummin of each two drams common parched Salt three drams Turpentine four ounces Pitch six ounces make a Plaister It is worth the Observation which Wierus and Varignana say they have found by Experience that a Toad found in the Woods cut through the belly and tyed to the Reins doth provoke Urine violently and when you wil evacuate more apply another Petraeus also reports that the Pouder of the same Toad dried and calcined in an Oven drunk half a dram in Wine or other Liquor doth wonderfully expel the Dropsie by Urine The first Inventor of which Experience desiring thereby to destroy himself was cured thereby contrary to expectation Also this following Cerat made of a Toad is excellent Take of Toads two pound the Juyce of dwarf Elder three Pints Oyl one pint Wax half a pound boyl them in a luted Pot to the consumption of half strain them for a Cerat spread this upon a Leather and lay it to the Spleen it evacuateth all waters All the time of the Cure you must strengthen the Liver and Stomach if the humor doth begin to abate or is not so great that it hinders the Vertue of outward Medicines from coming to the part Take of the Oyl of Orange flowers one ounce the Oyl of Spike three drams the Oyntment of Roses the stomach Cerot of Galen of each two drams distilled Oyl of Mastich two scruples the distilled Oyl of Wormwood one scruple Oyl of Nutmegs one dram and an half white Wax a little mix them for a Liniment to be applied to the stomach Take of Sea Wormwood three drams Horehound and Rosemary of each two drams Red Roses two pugills Ghamomil flowers and Bay Leaves of each half an handful Orange peels and sweet wood Aloes of each three drams Cypress Roots Schoenanth and Spikenard of each half an ounce with two parts of the best Wine and one part of Wormwood and Agrimony Water make a Decoction with which Foment the Region of the Liver with a spunge first washt in Wormwood Water Take of the Oyntment of Roses and Cerot of Sanders of each three ounces Red Roses Endive and Sorrel seed of each one dram Spikenard Schoenanth dryed Wormwood and Styrax Calamita of each four scruples Oyl of Mastich or Wormwood as much as will suffice to make a Liniment to be applied to the same part after the Fomentation For the most part in a Dropsie the Thighs Legs and Feet have a cold swelling and for the discussing of it a Lye is good in which the Roots of Dwarf Elder and Elicampane Rosemary Leaves Marjoram Thyme Bayes Organ Salt and Allum have been boyled Although the things aforesaid are chiefly used yet somtimes they are not necessary namely when the Dropsie comes in a hot and dry Constitution from hot causes which disperse the natural heat as in vehement Chollerick Feavers for then cold things for the Liver mixed with warm Openers are best such as are used in continual Feavers And the Magistral Syrup above mentioned made of the Juyce of Roses Succory and Agrimony For ordinary Drink give a Decoction of Succory Roots and Calcitrapa or white Chamelion which is not unpleasant or of other Openers but in a greater quantity than above which may quench thirst asswage the heat of the Liver and moisten the driness thereof It is not amiss to confirm this Doctrine by a famous example though it be allowed by Avicen Trallian and others because it seems strange to some and is of great Consequence Baptista Montanus reports Cons 263. in these words I saw saith he in Venice a certain Predicant Frier that was cured of an Ascites and Tympanites there were with me many famous Physitians namely Papiensis Eugubinus Trincavella and others He had as I said an Ascites with a Tympany and a Consumption with a Hectick Feaver therefore we were bound both to dry and moisten therefore we were in a great contention I was willing that he should drink much but things that Open because he had many obstructions and that moisten because he had a Consumption I prescribed the Syrup of Vinegar with all things that provoke Vrine Eugubinus would not allow him to drink and told a story of one who was cured by dry things Papiensis to end the controversie said That he should neither drink much nor at all we argued till night the Noblemen brought their Physitians to their Boats and there Papiensis said to a Nobleman what he had concealed formerly If you would have this man cured there is nothing to be done but what Baptista Montanus saith In this case also Medicines of Steel Tartar and Vitriol are excellent because they strongly Open and provoke Urine without any great heat But the tart Vitriol Mineral Waters are best because they powerfully open the Bowels provoke Urine and correct the Distemper of the Bowels whence experience sheweth us that many Dropsies are every yeer cured at the Spaw Avicen reports in the Chapter of the Cure of Ascites of a Woman which had a great Dropsie and eat an incredible number of Pomegranats whereby she was cured And Varignana reports out of Platearius That an Old Woman boyled the Juyce of Plantane to the Consumption of half and gave it to one that had a Dropsie from a Hot Cause every day and so Cured him By these Examples it is plain That somtimes a Dropsie is Cured with Cold things and to these we may ad the testimony of Christopher a Vega lib. 3. art med sect 8. cap. 12. who saith there We saw one that had a Tympany from the Hot Distemper of the Liver whom we cured with cold things laying upon the Liver the Juyce of Endive and
is fitly placed among the Diseases of the Spleen This Disease comes of Preternatural Melancholly and other adust Humors especially Blood or Choller or Natural Melancholly This Melanchollick Humor is not pure by its self but commonly mixed with others as Choller Flegm and Water from whence come the diversity of Symptomes which hereafter shal be mentioned These Humors breed in the Spleen especially when it is distempered with heat and also in the Liver hence it is that they draw meat and drink to themselves which is not concocted that which is thin of the Chyle sooner than that which is thick and then the thicker part for want of somthing to carry it staies in the Meseraick Veins and the longer it staies the thicker it grows and somtimes is burnt and afterwards coming to those parts it is not well concocted Moreover thine parts in their Natural state should concoct by boyling now do it by roasting hence comes this great adâ—stion of Humors It may also be that this Disease may be bred without the distemper of theâ—e parts from evil Nourishment that breed Melancholly blood and also from good blood retained too long in the veâ—sels and being too much as in the stoppage of the Terms and Hemorrhoids which continuing long in the Vessels is burnt and turned into Melancholly It may also come from the Stomach not well concocting but turning it into a parched Crudity from which those evil Juyces are bred in the Liver and the Spleen And Galen 3. de loc affect cap. 7. following Diocles thought the proper seat of it was in the Stomach because in this Disease there are commonly signs of an ill Stomach But it is more probable that the Stomach should be afflicted secondarily from the Liver or the Spleen as we will cleerly shew hereafter These evil Humors are gathered into the Veins and Arteries which are in the bottom of the Stomach especially in the great branches of the Gate Vein the Spleen Veins and those of the Mesentery Caul and Belly in which they have often great and grievous ferventations or workings from whence stinking Vapors are sent to the Brain Heart and Midriff which cause those divers Symptomes in those parts which we shall after mention Also the Humors are contained in the Bowels especially in the Spleen and Sweet-bread and the Glandles of the Mesentery the substance of which parts is foft and like a Spunge and therefore is more ready to receive them and harder to cast them forth Besides the Glandles which are dâ—â—persed through the Mesentery to be a prop to Veins and Arteries and to hinder least they should be pressed by the Guts being full or by any other thing If these swell much they do press upon the Vessels and hinder the passage of the Humors whence come Obstructions in those passages Boyes and yong men are little subject to this Disease by reason of their moist temper unfit to breed Melancholly but men often because the Humors are burnt by heat in youth and when that heat decaies and the thin parts are exhaled there is a great encrease of Melancholly The Antecedent and principal Causes of this Disease are first Meats of evil Juyce and hard of Concoction which are fit to breed Melancholly as brown Bread or unleavened or crusty Pulse Cheese hard Eggs and fried Meats Water Fowl Beef Venison Hairs and all Salt and smoaked Meats and many other things of hard substance Secondly Great Passions of long continuance especially Sadness are very powerful to breed this Disease because they disperse the Spirits by which means the Concoction is weakened and so there is great Crudity which being burnt by the hot Bowels turn into Melancholly Thirdly Idleness by which the Excrements are retained especially if there be much study and watching hence it is that learned men and such as â—it much are very subject to this Disease Lastly The stoppage of the Terms and Hemorrhoids both in respect of their quality and quantity produce it For when Melanchollick Salt and burnt Humors used to be discharged by those waies if they are stopped they return to the Hypochondria and cause this Disease The Knowledg of this is taken from the Symptomes which follow and they are many because almost all parts of the Body suffer thereby when it is high We shall reckon them up admonishing first That all do not happen to all Patients but some to one some to another according to the diversity of the Humor and the part affected First therefore the Stomach commonly suffers not principally as Galen from Diocles supposed but secondarily When Blood coming from the Branches of the Gate Vein to nourish the Stomach is not good from whence the Stomach being ill nourished doth ill concoct and turns its Meat into corruption Hence comes a circular Evil when the Liver and Spleen send evil Blood to the Stomach and the Stomach breeds evil Chyle to return to them of which they make bad blood Therefore in this Diseaâ—e the Stomach commonly concocteth ill and turns the chief part somtimes into Water somtimes into sharp sowr and clammy substance which being not drawn by the Guts and Meseraick Veins because unfit for nourishment staies in the Stomach and coming upwards somtimes fills the Tongue with Spittle so that the Patients 〈◊〉 much and somtimes vomit Somtimes the Matter in the Stomach boyleth and fermenteth from whence comes wind which doth not only stretch the Stomach but the parts adjacent and make the Heart so sick that somtimes the Patient swooneth Somtimes the Wind is sent out upwards and downwards and by insensible transpiratiâ—â— or the Matter causing them is vomited forth Yet you must observe that al that is vomited out is not bred in the Stomach but is sent from the Spleen and other parts to it for somtimes the humors vomited are so sharp that they set the teeth on edg and these are sent by the short vessel from the Spleen to the Stomach In some there is blood so sent with Melancholly and other evil Humors which is cast forth partly upward and partly downward as we shewed at large in the Vomiting of Blood In this Disease there is often belching and noise beneath the ribs by reason of the abundance of Wind made of those Crude Humors hence it was wont to be called the windy Disease Now how Wind is bred of Melancholly we shewed in the Tympany Somtimes pains arise in the Stomach and Hypochondria of the same Wind which reach to the Back and Loyns so that you would think it the Stone of the Kidneyes especially if the Urine be thick and red as usually it is The Belly is often bound because the Meat is turned into clammy Matter which sticks to the Guts which the expulsive Faculty cannot cast out without help of Medicines and therefore the Patients are constrained to take Purges and Clysters often Somtimes there is a Flux of the Belly if the Humors grow sharp and have in them much Choller or burnt Melancholly
as the Liver or Spleen are most affected Then give these Broths Take of Sparagus Dog-tooth and Succory Roots of each half an ounce Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Bugloss and Succory of each half a handful Cream of Tartar one dram boyl them with a Chicken and make Broth ten or twelve daies adding four drops of Spirit of Vitriol to cool and open more In old Obstructions you may add to the former China Roots Sassaphras white Sanders Smallage Roots and â—â—le Fern Roots Bettony Scabious Coriander prepared Raisons and the like If the Belly be bound or the Body very foul give in every third draught of Broth half an ounce of Senna with Annis seeds Or this Apozeme instead of the Broth Take of Bugloss Sparagus Succory and Sorrel Roots of each one ounce the middle rind of Tamarisk and Ash of each half an ounce Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Dodder Succory Fumitory Hops Bugloss and Borrage of each one handful the four cold seeds Annis and Fennel seeds of each two drams Currance one ounce Senna and Polipody of the Oak of each two ounces Dodder of Time one ounce the best Agarick and Rhubarb infused by themselves in Cinnamon Water of each two drams Mace and Cloves of each one dram the three Cordial Flowers of each one pugil Boyl them to a pint and dissolve in the straining Syrup of Succory with Rhubarb and of Roses solutive of each two ounces Make an Apozeme clarified and aromatized with two drams of yellow Sanders for four morning draughts Or give Cock Broth thus made Take of Roots of Asparagus Bruscus and the bark of Capar Roots and Tamarisk of each half an ounce Agrimony Ceterach and Maiden-hair of each one handful Annis Citron and Carduus seeds of each one dram Senna half an ounce Polipody of the Oak and Epithimum or Dodder of Time of each three drams Cinnamon one scruple Crystal of Tartar one dram Boyl them all with half a Cock which let him take four mornings After you have sufficiently purged a Bath of warm Water is most convenient used many â—â—ieâ— in which cool Herbs have been boyled and sweet Apples Somtimes it is made of Barley and Almoâ—â—â— beaten and put into a Bagg and boyled in Water It must be often repeated if the season will permit for Galen 8. de loc aff cap. 6. saith that he cured many melancholhck men only with the use of hot baths without any other Medicine And if the Patient cannot endure a whol bath let him have one for half the body And least often washing should hurt the Stomach when he enters into the Bath let it be perâ—â—â—â— with Oyl of Nutmegs by Expression or the like When he goes forth of the bath let the Region of his Liver be anointed with the Cerat of Sanders or Oyntment of Roses washed in Oxycrate After his last bath let the Hemorrhoids be provoked with sharp Suppositories or with rubbing the Anus with Fig Leaves or with a rough linnen Cloth and with two or three Hors-leeches apphed to the most apparant places take away five or six ounces of blood And this must be done every Spring and Fall and somtimes once a Month. They who are used to have the Flux of the Hemorrhoids if it hath been long stopped so that they wil not appear must have a Cupping Glass applied If after the Leeches are fallen off they bleed stil as somtimes they wil stop them with Clay or Pouder of Coal or with Spiders Webs or with Pouder of Lime or with astringent Pouders taken up with the white of an Egg and Pledgets And if you cannot conveniently open them it is good to draw blood from the inferior Veins that the most impure may be voided An Issue burnt in the left Legg doth purge the Spleen and other Bowels from superfluous Humors and therefore forget it not But because this Disease useth to be very stubborn and after Purging new Humors return you must purge by sits that the Body may be freed from them by degrees which may be wel done by a Magistral Syrup made thus Take of new drawn purified Juyces of the Flowers of Borrage Bugloss Endive Succory Fumitory and Sorrel three pints the Juyce of sweet Apples newly drawn and clensed two pints fresh Polipody of the Oak half a pound clean Senna eight ounces Dodder of Time three ounces Agarick newly made into Troches one ounce Ginger and Cloves of each one dram Infuse them and strain them according to art till there remain five pints and a quarter of the Liquor in which dissolve the straining of an ounce of Rhubarb dissolved in the said Juyces by themselves with a little Cinnamon and one pound of Sugar Make of these a well boyled Syrup clarifie it and aâ—â—matize it with two drams of the Pounder of the three Sanders keep it in a Glass and let him take into ounces thereof twice or thrice in a month with a little Chicken Broth boyled with Endive Sorrel Borrage and Burnet Or instead of the Syrup you may give Pils especially in Winter such as were mentioned in the Obstruction of the Liver or if you fear they are too hot you may make these following Take of Polypody of the Oak half an ounce Asarabacca Roots and Broom buds of each one dram Currance three drams Crystal of Tartar one dram and an half Bugloss and Borrage flowers of each half a pugil Boyl them in Spring Water Take half a pint of the straining being well clarified and six ounces of the Juyce of sweet Apples also well clarified and infuse therein one ounce of clean Senna Turbith and Agarick of each three drams Mace Cloves Cinnamon and Dodder of Time of each one dram digest them four daies in Balneo Marioe then strain them and add to the straining one ounce of the Extract of Aloes made in Endive and Sorrel Water Myrrh dissolved in Wine and strained two drams Salt of Tartar one dram Evaporate them all and inspissate and thicken them at a gentle fire adding towards the end when the matter is almost evaporated Diarrhodon Abbatis Loetisicans Galeni and the Troches of Dialacca of each half a scruple bring them into a mass for Pills and let the Patient take half a dram once in a week two hours before meat Pereda witnesseth that the hath cured many Melanchollick men with this following Pouder and he cals it Blessed and Divine Take of Dodder of Time half an ounce Lapis Lazuli and Agarick in new made Troches of each two drams Scammony one dram Cloves twenty mix them into a Pouder and give two drams twice or thrice in a month with Whey or Borrage Water If you cannot conveniently give often Purges it is good every other day to give a Clyster to revel vapors and draw forth some part of the Humor for if they go deep into the Guts they take away the greatest part of the filth from the Meseraicks We knew a Noble Man who being long troubled with this Disease was cured by often Clysters
is opposed with strong Reasons First If it should come of a slimy and thick flegm then it would often be bred in the Brain and the Stomach in which such flegm doth chiefly abound Neither will it suffice to say that there is not sufficient heat in those parts to harden it because according to the Doctrine of Hippocrates and Galen a gentle heat by a continual action is sufficint to congeal and hence is the reason why old men do more often breed the stone when yong men have hotter Kidneys because the matter of the stone lies longer in old mens Reins by reason of the weakness of the expulsive Faculty and so it 's longer concocted by the heat and at length hardened Secondly From Aristotle 2. meteor cap. 4. they which grow together by heat are melted by moisture as Clay But the stone is never dissolved with water Neither doth it hinder to say that a strong heat makes such a Concretion or growing together that it cannot be dissolved by moisture as in Bricks For first in Man there is not so great a heat then the not dissolving of Bricks with Water is not because of the strong heat they had but rather from the disposition of the Clay for Clay made of common Earth although it be baked in a Furnace wil never be hard as a Brick but alwaies be dissolved with moisture Thirdly From Aristotle in the place mentioned the heat that makes concretion must be dry But there is a continual flowing of moisture into the Reins and Bladder therefore such a drying and hardening cannot be in those parts Fourthly Stones bred in Rivers and Fountains in which there is no heat and in some Dens and Holes that are very cold the water that fals turns into a stone from whence strange shapes do arise Therefore we must find another cause besides heat and another Matter besides clammy and glutinous Flegm Fifthly Flegm made hard is like Chalk and is brittle as you may see in the knots of the Joynts But some stones are like flints which they cannot be from Flegm nor is there so much heat in mans Body to make it so This slimy flegm hath deceived the Physitians of all Ages which is found in the Urine of many Patients and they thought it to be the immediate Cause But they were out For first In the stone of the Kidneys such Urines are seldom made but often in the stone of the Bladder But if this were the matter of the stone it would be alike in both Therefore this Matter depends especially upon the proper Disease of the Bladder for it is an Excrement of it distempered The disease of the Bladder is this we have seen in the Bodies of them who have died of the Stone in the Bladder and who voided much of that matter that the bladder grew fleshy as thick as ones finger or thumb so that it filled the whol Cavity and lay next to the stone till by stopping the Urine it killed the Patient But in those who made thin cleer Urine their bladder was not altered The Reason of these accidents are taken out of Hipp. Aph. 66. Sect. 5. If there be no Tumor in great and evil wounds it is evil And Galen gives the Reason because there is a suspition that the Humors which should come by reason of pain to the wound are gone to some noble part Moreover it is Natural to all parts as Galen lib. de diff febr cap. 11. that they which are stronger send that which hurteth them to the weaker nor do they cease so doing till it come to the weakest So when the part wounded is very weak and therefore fit to receive Humors if they come not thither it is a sign that other parts are very weak which cannot send and that others are weaker than the wounded to which the humors are carried Not only the bad Humors are carried to the wound but also good blood which Nature sends to refresh it All these things are in the bladder that hath the stone A great uneven stone or sharp hurts the Tunicle of the Bladder hence comes pain and weakness And Nature to help it sends more than usual blood and the stronger parts send their superfluiteis These the bladder concocteth as much as may be into its self and so groweth thicker But when it cannot take in all especially the evil Humors hence come many foul Excrements which from the Nature of the part turn so flegmatick But in them who have clear Urine either the stone hurteth not which causeth the attraction or some other parts are weaker than the bladder to which the humors flow But because this Doctrine doth destroy an old Opinion we will confirm it by a cleer Example of the Womb. The Womb is Membranous as the bladder but in Women with Child it is rleshy and thick so that in the last months it is two fingers thick because Nature all the time sends much blood to it to nourish the Child which when the Child doth not wholly consume some part of it is taken into the Womb and so it encreaseth The same is in the Bladder though Preternaturally which in the Womb is Natural that when much blood comes to it it coverts it into its self and grows thicker But if without being with Child the Womb be distempered and made weak then Humors superfluous from other parts come to it which when they cannot be taken into its substance turns to the Whites And that flux is a proper Excrement of the Womb as the flegm is of the bladder The same thing is in the Reins though not so often as when by a stone in them there is pain and weakness Nature sends much blood and humors to them which when they cannot be turned into the substance of the part they are turned into a slimy Excrement which is voided in abundance and this vulgar Physitians take for Matter or Pus which is only flegm or mixed with a little Pus as when by the grating of the stone there is an Ulcer Some Modern Writers being converted with the aforesaid Reasons have made a Juyce which will turn into a stone to be the material cause of the stone called Succus Lapidescens and the efficient to be Spiritus Lapidescens They call the former a certain Humor naturally proper to turn into a stone And this they desire to prove by the breeding of stones in the Earth which are by many Authors said to come of Waters and things cast there into to be hardened presently some Waters in Caves to be made Stones and some part of the Wine groweth to the Vessel called Tartar and Urines that are cleer when they are cold grow to the glass And although the peculiar fitness of the Matter to be thus turned is not sufficiently known yet some say they have found it out saying that it is of Salt mixed with Earth Some Salts do grow hard in the Sun and are easily dissolved in Water and if they be
to produce it And therefore this may be a probable sign of the stone As for the Prognostick The stone of the Kidneys is very dangerous for it useth to bring great evils as Inflamation Exulceration great Pains Watchings dejection of strength Feavers stoppings of Urine and the like dangerous Symptomes If this Disease be Haereditary coming from the Parents it is incurable And because Hippocrates saith that the Diseases of the Reins are hard to be cured in oldmen Aph. 6. Sect. 6. The Stone of the Kidneyes in old men is difficult if not incurable If the pain of the Kidneys continue many daies and cannot be cured with any Medicines there is danger of death and it is neer at hand when they are cold externally and have a cold sweat in the face Urines that are first thin and after thick and have sand at the bottom do signifie that the fit is towards an end A Stone joyned with an Ulcer in the Kidneys is incurable for those things which break the Stone do exasperate the Ulcer The Cure of the pain of the Kidneys and stone sticking in them or in the Ureters is by enlarging of the passages and relaxing them by throwing forth the stone and any other thing that hurts them by removing or taking away the antecedent cause and by taking away the pain Which you may do with these Medicines Take of Marsh-mallow and Lilly Roots of each one ounce Mallows Violets Pellitory Bearfoot of each one handful Lin-seed and Fenugreek seed of each half an ounce fat Figgs six Chamomel and Melilot Flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining Cassia and Diacatholicon of each six drams Oyl of Lillies and Violets of each one ounce and an half fresh Oyl two ounces make a Clyster to be given presently Afterwards open the Liver Vein of the right or left Arm and take away eight or nine ounces of blood according to the strength and fulness of the Patient Phlebotomy is very necessary to prevent Inslamation which useth to come from continuance of pain After blood-letting give this Clyster Take of the flowers of Chamomel and Melilot the tops of Dill Pellitory of the wall and Rue of each half a bandful Annis Fennel and Cummin seeds of each half an ounce Make a decootion to one pint in which dissolve Diaphoenicon half an ounce Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg one ounce Oyl of Dill and Scorpions of each three ounces Make a Clyster To mollifie more and asswage the pain after your Laxative you may make one of Oyl thus Take of Oyl of Dill and of Chamomel of each half a pound Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces Oyl of Rue one ounce mix them for a Clyster At the same time appply a Fomentation to the part pained made of the Decoction of the first Clyster with Annis seeds and Fennel seeds Oyl and Water with Spunges Take of Oyl of Scorpions compounded two ounces fresh Butter Hens Grease Oyl of Lillies and of sweet Almonds of each one ounce Make a Liniment to be used after the Fomentation Or this Cataplasin Take of Mallows and Pellitory of each two handfuls Parsley with the Roots one handful Rhadish Roots two ounces boyl them soft and beat them then add of Onions roasted two Oyl of Lillies bitter Almonds and sweet Butter of each two ounces Make a Cataplasin which you must put between two thin linnen cloaths and apply warm to the Belly according to the length of the Vreters and heat it as often as it grows cold You may also apply one either made of Pellitory alone or with Eggs fryed in a Pan with Oyl of Chamomel bitter Almonds Scorpions in a cloth Or make it of Onions shred and fryed with Hogs Grease or the Oyls aforesaid with five or six warm Eggs applied And because in this Disease there is abundance of crude Humors after Clysters which must still be repeated as the pain cometh you may give a purging Medicine especially in form of a Bolus lest it be easily vomited up because these Patients are commonly squeazy stomached Take of Cassia new drawn with Oyl of sweet Almonds one ounce Diaphoenicon three drams Pouder of Rhubarb one dram with the pouder of Liquorin and Tragacanth make a Bolus If the Patient cannot swallow a Bolus dissolve purging things in the Decoction of Mallows But you must diligently observe that you must not give a Purging Medicine before the pain be allayed For when the pain is great a strong Purge seldom works because then all the parts contract themselves and refuse to help the Medicine But at that time you may give a Vomit by which the plenty of Humors may be abated and a revulsion is made from the part affected and often Nature of the self when the pain is urgent doth endeavor the same and after it finds ease A gentle Vomit which will also asswage pain may be made thus Take of warm Water four ounces Sallet Oyl one ounce simple Syrup of Vinegar one ounce and an half Make a Vomit If you will have a stronger you must use Salt of Vitriol or Mercurius vitae with which Angelus Sala saith that he hath often cured this disease Before and after purging you must give at the mouth those things which open the passages and abate the pain for which purpose the Syrup of Marsh-mallows proscribed by Fernelius often given is excellent But because it is not alwaies ready in the Shops you may make it simply thus Take of Marsh-mallows three ounces boyl them to a pint dissolve in the straining half a pound of Sugar Let him take it often This following Julep given often is good to mollifie the Passages Take of Barley one pugil gray Pease half a pugil Mallow and Marsh-mallow seeds of each two drams the four great cold seeds of each one dram fat Figs eight Scbestens six Liquoris half an ounce boyl them to a pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Syrup of Maiden-hair four ounces Give it at four draughts twice or thrice in a day Give for his ordinary drink a decoction of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce and an half Barley two pugils Liquoris six drams in sive pints of water to a pint Or make Broths of Mallows Marsh-mallows and gray Pease with much butter and a little salt or boyl the same in fat broth Or give Emulsions made of the four great cold seeds But Oyl of sweet Almonds above all Medicines doth mollifie and relax the Passages and asswageth pain if it be new drawn give three or four ounces by its self or with white Wine or a Decoction of Marsh-mallows Liquoris and gray Pease or make Potion of equal parts of Oyl of sweet and bitter Almonds because bitter Almonds are good also to expel the Stone The day after you have opened the Arm you may open the Ham or Ancle Vein on the same side for that will derive the Humor and the Patients find much ease thereby Which Rule is given
a little white Wine or red Pease broth Sea-holly and Liquoris exercising after it Carolus Piso highly commends this following Pouder which he gave with his purging Pouder before mentioned and took away many boxes of smal stones from a President of Lorrain Take of Marsh-mallow and Violet seeds of each half a scruple Gromwel seeds and Liquoris of each one scruple the Jews stone and Spunge stone of each six grains the pouder of Dates Medlar and Cherry stones of each two scruples Melone Seeds three drams make a Pouder Give one dram with unleavened bread dipt in white Wine three daies together of the New moon and let him drink red Pease broth after it wherein the Roots of Marsh-mallows Fennel Sea-holly Rest-harrow and Parsley and Juniper berries bruised have been boyled adding a little white Wine Honey Butter and Juyce of Lemmons This following Electuary prescribed by Zappata is excellent Take of the Seeds of St. Johns-wort dried and finely poudered three ounces Conserve of Roses of Violets one pound mix them into an Electuary of which let the Patient take half an ounce every morning three hours before meat the first two weeks two daies together and after for fifteen daies once in a week and after that once in a month or oftener according as the Disease requireth Conserve of Roses is better than Violets because it correcteth the scent of the Turpentine which comes forth of the Seeds of St. Johns wort beaten But Violets agrees best with the Reins These following Lozenges are very safe and most excellent Take of the four great cold seeds and of Liquoris all clensed one scruple Burnet Bazil Parsley seeds and Nutmeg of each half a dram Aromaticum Rosatum two scruples Sugar dissolved in Winter Cherry Water four ounces make Lozenges of three drams in weight Let him take one in the morning three hours before meat drinking after it four ounces of Rest-harrow or Rupture-wort Water with two ounces of white Wine The Wine of Winter Cherries described in the Cure if it be drunk somtimes doth take away the Matter that breeds the Stone saith Villanovanus In the use of all Diureticks observe this They must not be used too often because they draw to the part affected there once or twice in a month or somtimes seldomer is sufficient purging before lest the Humors of other parts should be carried to the Reins Turpentine may be used oftener for Amatus Lusitanus in Curat 68. Cent. 2. reports of a Monk that had the Joynt-gout and the Stone both and could find help by nothing at length by the use of Turpentine he was cured within six months of them both Every morning he swallowed the quantity of a smal Nut with Sugar And the reason why Turpentine often used doth not hurt as other Diureticks in my Judgment is this Because it looseneth the Belly withal so that those gross Humors which by other Medicines would be carried to the Reins are sent out by stool But commonly Turpentine is used seldom as other Diureticks either alone or with other Medicines thus Take of Turpentine ten times washed in Saxifrage or Pellitory Water half an ounce With Sugar make a Bolus Or Take of Cassia newly drawn six drams Turpentine half an ounce Pouder of Liquoris two drams mix them for a Bolus Or Take half an ounce of Turpentine and one dram of poudered Rhubarb mix them for a Bolus Or Take Four ounces of Turpentine burn it upon a hot Iron that it may pouder and give two drams with convenient Liquor Or Take Turpentine half an ounce Pouder against the Stone called Pulvis Lithontribus tâ—o drams mix it for a Bolus Zacutus Lusitanus Obser 58. lib. 2. Praxis admir doth much commend Natural Balsom for expelling stones and that a man of three score yeers of age that had his Water stopped eighteen daies with stones was cured thereby First he took some drops of it with Oyl of sweet Almonds encreasing the quantity of both till he came to half an ounce of Balsom and three ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds within ten daies he voided six stones and afterwards he was preserved by the same Medicine by taking in a morning half an ounce of Oyl of sweet Almonds and six drops of Balsom by which means he made a Sandy Urine and lived long If you want Eastern Balsom you may take that of Peru. The same Zacutus in the same Observation doth commend Tobacco Water in these words I remember saith he that I took away many great stones fastened in the hollow of the Reins with distilled green Tobacco Water If you want that then use the Decoction Most wiâ—e Varandaeus my Master commends the Waters of some Baths Balervacan or Bitumenous for Preservatives against the Stone of which we have seen rare effects We 〈◊〉 his words There is saith he no better Medicine after Purging than the drinking of Balervacan Waters for by the heat which comes from the Bitumen they dissolve gross humors and stones and by their Nitrous quality they clense and by their great quantity do not only clense the Guts but Reins so that it is incredible to tel what abundance of thick Water some have made after it But when we fear the Inflamation of the Guts we ordered them to abstain from Wine and gave them Chicken Broth with cold Herbs and Juleps Therefore we put fat Flegmatick men into them once a day in the morning having first anointed their Reins and Liver with some proper Oyntment and bound them with doubled linnen cloaths that the Excrements might be received from the Pores opened And if their Bewels grow hot they may after use sweet Water Baths that cool and moisten Sharp Mineral Waters or Vitriol are also good to prevent for they do not only dissolve the slimy Tartarous Matter that breeds the Stone but correct the hot distemper of the Liver and Reins and therefore in hot distempers these are best And because hot Bodies are hurt by hot things we will prescribe more temperate as Bean and Rupture-wort Water and Lemmon Water distilled Slice them and distil them in Balneo Mariae And for their better cooling still them with Milk The Conserve of Hipps is Diuretick and cooling and is commended by Crato in this case also The Conserve of Marsh-mallow and Mallow flowers which by mollifying and moistening helps the stones to come forth The inspissate Juyce of Purslain made into Pills and given one dram at a time doth powerfully clense the Reins The dried Flowers of Pomegranates in one dram doth purge the Matter causing the Stone And the like Quantity of the Dryed Spunge of white Thistle given in like quantity is excellent Fresh Butter with as much Sugar candy taken every morning fasting doth clense the Passages of the Urine and hinder the breeding of the Stone Bitter Almonds taken ten or twelve in a morning do the same Filberts also taken before meat are commended by Crato who saies that he found by Experience that many long
great pain exulceration heat of Urine and stoppage thereof or the like The Signs of the Inflamation of the Reins are a weighty pain in the Reins somtimes beating if the place be affected where the Arteries are And this pain extendeth to the parts adjacent so that the Patient can neither lift himself up not stand upon his feet and scarce turn himself and neither lie upon his side nor his Belly because then the part inflamed will hang down therefore he lies alwaies upon his back and if he either neeze or otherwise move his Body the pain is encreased He hath a numbness or pain in the Leg on the same side by reason of the Nerve that goes from thence to it He hath difficulty of pissing by reason of the heat which is sent to the Urine and filth mixed with it coming from the inflamed part The Urine is first thin and yellow but after red and thick â—e hath a constant sharp Feaver which is attended often with watchings dotings and other great Symptomes also loathing and vomiting by which he voids Choller Flegm and other Humors Somtimes the Gut Colon is inflamed and if it be that part which is neer the Liver it brings the like Symptomes but here is the difference In the Inflamation of the Reins the pain reacheth to the short Ribs the Back and Bladder but that of the Colon tends more to the Belly and there is a greater change of Excrements of the Belly than in the Inflamation of the Kidneys But in the Inflamation of the Kidneys there is a pain about the Pubis and Perinaeum in which there is heat and somtimes redness There is constant heat of Urine but that is stopped when the part swelleth and stoppeth the passage The straight Gut suffers by reason of its neerness hence it is that there is often desire to go to stool with burning somtimes the belly is bound when the Gut is stopped by the inflamed Bladder There are also other common Symptomes mentioned in the Inflamation of the Reins as a Feaver watching doting thirst and the like There can be no good Prognostick in this Disease For the inward Inflamation of the noble inward parts do threaten continual danger of death It is most deadly when a Convulsion or dotage followeth or the like great Symptome and if there be a cold sweat death is at hand In the Inflamation of the Reins if the Hemorrhoids follow it is good If the Inflamation Suppurate and the Imposthume break and go into the passage of the Urine there is hope but if it go by the Emulgent Veins into the Liver and labor to get way through the Guts it is dangerous A final Inflamation of the Bladder with a Sediment in the Urine that is white and equal promiseth health An Inflamation of the bladder is somtimes cured by an Erysipelas or Chollerick Humor arising in the Skin suddenly and by making much Urine The Cure of both Inflamations of the Reins and Bladder is made by revelling deriving cooling and moderately repelling by Anodines Resolvers or Ripeners if need be and the like whose Matter and way of using shall be as followeth And first Phlebotomy is very necessary in the Liver Vein on the same side the pain is twice thrice or four times or oftener if the strength will bear it til the defluxion ceaseth which you may know by the abating of the pain But in the Inflamation of the bladder the right side is to be chosen by reason of the Liver from whence as from a Fountain the blood floweth to the part After much blood is taken away and revulsion is made by the upper Vein you must also open the inferior for derivation sake in the Ham or Ancle as also the Hemorrhoids are to be opened especially if they be swelled Cupping-glasses with Scarrification are also good for Revulsion both above and beneath and Frictions with strong Ligatures of the extream parts to draw the humors outward After and before blood-letting give a mollifying and cooling Clyster that is a little loosening and let it be of a smal quantity lest it oppress the Tumor thus made Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce Mallows Violets Lettice of each one handful sweet Prunes four pair Barley and Violet Leaves of each one pugil make a Decoction to eight or ten ounces In the straining dissolve of Cassia or Diaprunes simple one ounce Oyl of Violets four ounces two Yolks of Eggs Make a Clyster Allay the heat of the blood with Juleps and Emulsions made thus Take of Endive Littice and Purslain Water of each four ounces Syrup of Pomegranates two ounces Syrup of Water Lillies one ounce Make a Julep for three draughts morning and evening Or Take of Sorrel Roots two ounces Mallows Plantane Purslain and Endive of each one handful the tops of white Poppies half a handful Annis and Lettice seed of each one dram Borrage Violets and Water-lilly Flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and an half then add four ounces of the juyce of Pomegranates Or Take of sweet Almonds blanched one ounce fresh Pine-nuts half on ounce Lettice Sorrel Purslain and Poppy seeds of each three drams beat them according to art powering on by degrees of Barley Lettice and Purslain Water one pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Sugar of Roses one ounce Make an Emulsion for three Doses in which we leave out the great cold Seeds because being Diuretick they may draw somthing to those parts especially in the time of the defluxion but in the declination they may be useful You may profitably add to the Emulsion the Syrup of Poppies to stop the flux more violently Also the parts inflamed may be cooled by Clysters made of the Decoction of the Julep aforesaid with Oyl of Roses or Violets two ounces In the beginning of these Inflamations purging is not proper for it is to be feared lest the Humors being moved should flow to the parts affected so that if there then be a great flux of the Belly it is to be stopped for that cause But when the Inflamation is a little allayed and the disease declineth a Purge made of gentle things may be good as of Manna Cassia Rhubarb Tamarinds Diaprunes simple Catholicon and Syrup of Roses with a Decoction of Lettice Purslain and other cooling things prescribed in the Juleps Or you may make a Bolus of some of them Out wardly All the time of the Disease you must apply cooling things that gently repel as moist Epithems of the Water and Juyce of Plantane Sorrel Endive Nightshade Roses with a little Vinegar red Sanders and Camphire Liniments also of Oyl of Roses and Olives Violets Cerat of Sanders white Oyntment or Populeon alone or mixed with a little Vinegar which you must apply to the parts aforesaid every hour cold Or you may make a Liniment of an Egg wel beaten with a little Oyl and Rose Vinegar Or you may make that which is excellent of Oyl of Roses with Vinegar
Melone Seeds with their Husks beaten of each half an ounce Winter Cherries six drams scraped Liquoris one ounce Barley one pugil boyl them to two pints Dissolve in the straining three ounces of Honey and two ounces of Sugar candy make a Julep Take eight ounces every morning for ten daies Those Medicines you give for the Reins or Womb must be given in great quantities least they lose their vertue before they come there Instead of them al you may use Mineral Waters of Allum and Iron by the constant use thereof the heat is corrected and the Ulcer mundified and healed Some commend the Decoction of China Sarsa or Sassaphras or of Guajacum given thirty daies or more together with a second Decoction thereof for ordinary Drink and a thin drying Diet and least the Bowels should thereby be too much inflamed they give cool Broths at night and anoint the Reins with cold Oyntments And this course is taken to dry up the matter to purge and clense especially in them that are flegmatick or have the French Pox and have neither Feaver nor Flux of Blood But in any case you may use with more safety this following Take of Sarsaparilla three ounces Shavings of Mastich Tree two ounces Sassaphras one ounce Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each six drams Jujubes and Sebestens of each half an ounce Lignum Nephriticum four ounces Barley two ounces Infuse them twelve hours in five pints of spring Water boyl them to three pints for six draughts to be taken twice in a day aromatize them with two drams of Cinnamon After the use of Clensers when you see by the decrease of the quantity of Matter in the Urine that the Ulcer is clensed as when it is white and even and not filthy give drying astringing glutinating and heating things as these Troches following Take of Bole-armenick sealed Earth and red Coral of each three drams Gum Arabick and Tragacanth of each half an ounce with Agrimony Water make Troches of two drams apiece Let him take one every morning with boyled Milk or the Decoction of Comphry The Troches of Gordonius are best of all because they asswage pain and heat Their Dose is two or three drams with Hydromel or Barley Water when you wil clense more or with Goats oâ— Sheeps Milk when you wil glutinate more For the same use this following Opiate Take of Conserve of old Roses three ounces Purslain and Plantane seeds Myrtle Berries Bole sealed Earth Sanguis Draconis of each one dram the shavings of Ivory and Troches of Winter Cherries of each half a dram with Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiate of which give the quantity of a Chesnutiwice in a day You may make knitting Juleps thus Take of Comphry Roots two ounces Plantane and Mous-ear of each one handful the tops of Mallows and Maiden-hair of each half a handful Liquoris half an ounce Starch and Gum Arabick Tragacanth and Bole of each one dram Lettice and Purslain seeds of each one dram and an half red Roses one pugiâ—â— boyl them in Rain Water to one pint and an half In the straining dissolve four ounces of Sugar of Penides two ounces make a Julep Give eight ounces in a morning for ten or twelve daies Also the following Pills are good Take of Turpentine washed in Plantane Water one dram Juyce of Liquoris and Gum Tragacanth of each two scruples Bole and Troches of Winter Cherries of each half a scruplr With the Juyce of Hors-tail make Pills Let him take half a dram morning and evening They are stronger made thus Take of Marsh-mallow Roots and Comphry dried of each two drams Gum Arabick Cherry and Plum-tree of each one dram Oliâ—amâ—â— and Myrrh of each four scruples white Poppy seeds and Winter Cherries of each one dram and an hâ—lf Camphire two scruples beat them finely 〈…〉 of the third part of them all of Antimonium Diaphoreticum and with 〈…〉 make a Mass Give one dram morning and evening long from meat and after it a little â—â— his ordinary drink If Turpentine cause pain give instead thereof Juyce of Liquoris dissolved in Pellitory Water And above all new Milk from the Cow with one dram of Bole-armenick that is true every morning is excellent as Forestus saies And it is a secret of his Master Helidaeus because it clenseth and healeth the Ulcer Quercetan in his Dispensatory commends the Water that is given for the Gonorrhoea as good for the same as well as other Ulcers Hartmannus commends an Opiate made of Conserve of Roses two parts and the Pouder of the Seeds of St. Johns wort one part given in the end of the Cure many evenings together And also two or three grains of Mercurius Dulcis given every day in Plantane Water But Mercurius Diaphoreticus is better if wel made and as it were fixed this cures al internal ulcers miraculously In old Ulcers the Decoction of round Birthwort in white Wine with Sugar is very good Also observe what Garcias ab Horto saies That in Goa they give Aloes and Milk for Ulcers in the Reins and Bladder or to such as piss filth and it presently cureth Outwardly to knit give this Oyntment Take of Juyce of Plantane and Nightshade of each four ounces Oyl of Roses three ounces Vinegar one ounce Litharge finely poudered one ounce and an half washed Ceruss half an ounce fine Pouder of Tutty two drams Sanguis Draconis one dram Make them into an Oyntment Also you may use this following when there is no Inflamation Take of Oyl of Roses and Mastich of each two ounces Myrrh Aloes Sarcocol Sanguis Draconis of each one dram Starch and Gum Tragacanth of each four scruples Styrax Calamita one dram white Wax as much as will make an Oyntment In the Ulcer of the Bladder it is proper to make Injection twice in a day first with Hydromel or Whey or the Decoction of Barley with Honey of Roses to clense then with Astringers and Binders made of Iron Water in which Comphry Roots Myrrh Allum and Sarcocol with Tragacanth have been boyled But especially with the Troches of Gordonius dissolved in Milk Fabricius Hildanus cured a great Ulcer in the Bladder with this following Injection and some few other Medicines Obs 69. Cent. 3. Take of the Roots of Comphry one ounce Agrimony Pauls Bettony Water Germander Ladies Mantle Sanicle of each half a handsul boyl them to a pint In the straining dissoâ—ve two dramâ— of Honey of Roses mix them for an Injection And you must observe that these Injections are not only to be made with a Syringe because they wil not enter into the Cavity of the Cavity of the Bladder the Sphincter Muscle being shut but you must conveigh it in with a Catheter And because in these Ulcers the pains are usually great you must through the whol Cure abate them with Anodines inwardly and outwardly Inwardly with Syrup of Poppies Laudanum and the Troches of Alkekengi made for this purpose as also with Emulsions made of the cold
Seeds and white Poppy Seeds with a little Syrup of Poppies or with the often giving of Conserve of Marsh-mallow flowers Outwardly you may apply this Fomentation following to the Reins Take of Marsh-mallow Roots two ounces Mallows Pellitory of the wall Violets of each one handful Lin-seed Foenugreek and Winter Cherries of each three drams Chamomel Melilot flowers and Water Lillies of each one pugil make a Decoction with which foment the part not with Spunges because they have a saltness in them from the Sea After the Fomentation you may apply this Liniment Take of the Oyl of Violets and of sweet Almonds of each one ounce and an half Oyl of Roses one ounce Mucilage of Marsh-mallow seeds and Foenugreek of each two ounces Saffron one scruple make a Liniment Make this following Injection against the pain of the Bladder Take of Foenugreek and Quince seeds of each one scruple steep them one hour in one pint and an half of Barley Water after strain them and make a moist Mucilage to which add of Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces Honey of Roses strained one ounce mix them for an Injection And if you inject warm Milk it is excellent for the same purpose In which if you dissolve the Troches of Gordonius you wil compleatly ease pain and cure the Ulcer Chap. 6. Of Diabetes or extraordinary Pissing DIabetes is a quick and plentiful sending forth of Drink by Urine after which there comes a violent Thirst and consuming of the whol Body It is called Diabetes apo tou diabainein from passing through as Water through a Conduit pipe which is called Diabetes This Disease is also called Dipsacos from the unquenchable Thirst and the Piss-pot Dropsie from the continual making of Water It is seldom seen for Galen in 6. de loc aff cap. 3. saith that he saw it but twice The next and immediate Cause of this Disease from Galen and al his followers is held to be a hot distemper of the Reins which makes them draw Water violently from the Veins and send it to the Bladder being not able to contain it themselves the Veins being drawn dry suck from the Liver the Liver from the Guts and Stomach hence comes a continual Thirst after drink which as soon as it is taken it is forthwith carried from the Liver and Veins into the Reins where by its quantity it stiâ—reth up the Expulsive Faculty and burdening the Retentive Faculty it is sent to the Bladder Some suppose that this cause is insufficient because the hot distemper of the Reins is an usual disease but Diabetes is very rare therefore there must be somthing else that is less usual namely a sharp or salt Matter in the Kidneys either of â—holler or of Flegm which doth continually provoke the attractive vertue of them as in Chollerick Feavers there is a Thirst which cannot be quenched from the Chollerick Humor which is fixed to the coat or Tunicle of the Stomach or from Chollerick Vapors sent from some adjacent part into the Stomach by the motion of some putrid Choller which lodgeth there This Opinion is probable but we think good to add thus much to it That the Kidneys alone are not affected in this Disease because Choller and other burnt Humors are first bred in the Liver and therefore they cannot be in any quantity in the Kidneys but the Liver must participate of them And if we may reason where Nature seems to be â—ilent we can say that there is a venemous quality concurring for the producing of this Disease For that kind of Serpent called Dipsacos found in Lybia when it bites any man doth send into him such a poyson as begets an unquenchable Thirst The like kind of venom may be bred in our Bodies by a peculiar corruption of some humors which may cause such a Thirst for Galen testifieth that divers kinds of poysons may breed in our Bodies And if such a kind of poyson may be bred in our Bodies as may cause a detestation of Drink as in Hydrophobia in which the Patient cannot endure the sight of Water or any Drink why may not then there be produced another poyson which hath the contrary quality to cause a great and unquenchable Thirst And hence may be the reason why this Disease is so rare because this kind of poyson is seldom bred but Choller and Salt Flegm and the Diseases from thence are ordinary And as the Disease called Dogs Appetite which is compared to this for the unsatiable desire of meat is ascribed by the wisest Physitians to an occult quality so this unquenchable thirst may be said to come from a peculiar and hidden quality The Signs of this Disease are cleer from what hath been said as an extraordinary making of Water an unquenchable Thirst and a sudden pissing forth of what is drunk a decay of the whol Body for the moisture which would nourish the Body is pissed forth with the drink And though there be often a large Evacuation of Urine in sharp Feavers and other cases yet that is not to be called Diabetes because the aforesaid Symptomes as great Thirst and Consumption of the Body are not joyned therewith The Prognostick of this Disease is deadly for it is incurable except it be in the beginning thereof for it presently brings a Consumption In old men it is more dangerous and when it comes after inordinate Lechery or Agues The Cure is wrought by allaying the hot distemper of the Kidneys and by strengthening them by thickening the Humors that flow unto them and by opposing the malignant quality thereof all which may be done with these Medicines following In the beginning of the Disease while there is strength you may open a Vein for to revel or pluck back and cool the Humors but it must be done divers times and but a smal quantity of blood taken away But if the strength be decayed or if this follow another Disease Phlebotomy must not be You must give Mollifying and Asswaging Clysters to draw forth the Excrements made thus Take of Lettice Purslain Mallows and Plantane of each one handful clensed Barley and red Roses of each one pugil make a Decoction to one pint and an half In the straining dissolve of Diaprunes simple six drams Honey of Roses and Sallet Oyl of each two ounces make a Clyster and use it often You may also give a gentle Purge with Cassia and Pulp of Tamarinds or the Decoction of Plantane Purslain Lettice Tamarinds and Myrobalans with Syrup of Roses Some commend Vomits made of the Decoction of Rhadish Seed and Dwarf-Elder with Oxymel which doth Evacuate and draw from the Ureters To correct the distemper of the said parts and to thicken the Humors Juleps made of the Waters or Decoctions of Lettice Purslain and Plantane with Syrup of Myrtles Quinces and the like and Syrup of Poppies in a smal quantity adding the Pouder of Diatragacanth frigid and the Troches of Sealed Earth and the like Or to astringe more make them
half an ounce beat them in a stone Morter powring on by degrees the Decoction of Barley Liquoris Purslain and Mallow tops one pint and an half make an Emulsion for three Doses adding to each Dose one ounce of the Syrup of Violets and one dram of Lapis prunellae and if the pain be great add a little Syrup of Poppies and one dram of Gum Arabick in pouder or the Syrup of Marsh-mallows according to Fernelius or of Mucilages You may make Broths thus Take of Marsh-mallow Roots half an ounce Mallows one handful Liquoris half an ounce Quince seeds one dram boyl them with Chicken Broth make it often The Whey of Goats Milk is very good given in great draughts as we said in the hot distemper of the Liver And if there be no Feaver you may with more profit give Milk by it self because it doth not only clense but allay pain and temper the sharpness of the Humors In an old Disease it is good to give Mineral Waters that cool especially Allum Iron and Vitriol Waters for by Experience we find that they have cured this Disease when it hath been inveterate Instead of the aforesaid Juleps the simple Decoction of Mallows with Syrup of Violets may be used by which Forestus saith Obs 4. Lib. 25. he cured a grievous Dysury many times and that there is nothing like it Forestus also Obs 3. of the same Book that an Apothecary cured himself and others with the white of an Egg beaten with Rose Water He also reports that a woman cured an old man of Delf with Chamomel flowers boyled in Milk Amatus Lusitanus 58. Curat Cent. 6. saith that a Woman was cured when all means failed with Conserve of Mallow flowers she took one ounce morning and evening and drunk after it three ounces of Mallows Water And Curat 59. he saith that one who had a Dysury after he had voided a stone was cured by the same in three daies The Conserve of Marsh-mallow slowers is of the same or greater Vertue Some commend the Troches of Winter Cherries given with convenient Liquor the quantity of a dram because they are Diuretick abate sharpness and pain When the pain is very great it is good to put the Yard when you piss into warm Milk or a Decoction of Mallows and white Poppy seeds or warm Water only A smal Decoction of Mallows with Syrup of Violets and Conserve of Roses is good for ordinary Drink You may also make Injections into the passage of the Bladder of Milk or of an Emulsion of cold Seeds Plantane Water or Whey with the Water of a white of an Egg beaten or one scruple of the Troches of Winter Cherries External Medicines are also good as Baths half Baths Fomentations to the Privities made of cool Herbs Liniments of Oyl of Roses Water Lillies Unguent of Roses Galens cooling Oyntment Populeon with Camphire and the Mucilage of Fleabane made with Plantane Water Also you must apply Epithems that cool to the Reins and Liver and the aforesaid Liniments and the things mentioned formerly for the same When sharp and chollerick Humors flow from the Liver you may derive by an Issue in the right Leg or by opening the Hemorrhoids which is very good in al diseases of the Reins and Bladder according to that of Hippocrates Aph. 11. Sect. 6. because from the Spleen Vein called Ramus Splenicus there are branches go to the Reins Bladder and Hemorrhoids The End of the Fourteenth Book THE FIFTEENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of WOMENS Diseases The PREFACE THose are called Womens Diseases which are proper to them only and come from the defect of that part which is distinct in them from men viz. the Womb of which Democritus in his Letter to Hippocrates said that it was the cause of six hundred miseries and innumerable Calamities But we to lay down those Diseases of the Womb which are most usual will divide them thus Some come from the Vessels and some from the Body of the Womb or Cavity others are in respect of its chief and noblest act of Generation From the distemper of the Vessels of the Womb and the preternatural causes come Chlorosis or green Sickness stoppage of the Terms immoderate Flux the Whites Rage of the Womb and the Mother In the Cavity of the Womb are Inflamations Vlcers Scirrhus Cancer Gangrene Dropsie coming forth and shutting up thereof these may hinder Generation but by accident The Diseases which are in respect of Conception Breeding and Bringing forth are Barrenness acute and Chronical Diseases of Women with Child Abortion difficult bringing forth dead Child Secundine retained immoderate flux or suppression of blood and the acute Diseases of women in Child-bed All which Diseases we will speak of in as few words as the dignity of the Matter will permit Chap. 1. Of the Green-sickness called Chlorosis THis Disease by Hippocrates is called Chlorosis by the Modern Physitians the white Feaver the Virgins Disease the Pale color of Virgins the white Jaundice but vulgarly the Green-sickness It may be defined thus An evil habit of Body from the Obstruction of the Veins of the Liver Spleen and Mesentery and especially of those which are about the Womb which is accompanied with a heaviness or unwildiness of the whol Body beating of the heart difficulty of breathing a desire of evil Food and the like This Disease depends immediately upon the Obstruction of the parts in the lower Belly especially of those Veins which are about the Womb whereby the free passage of Blood to the Womb is hindered which abounding in Virgins when they begin to have their Terms and being hindered of its Natural course by those Obstructions runs to the upper parts and oppresseth the Heart Liver Spleen Diaphragma or Midriff and other parts destroyes their Natural heat stops the Vessels hence is there an evil Concoction in the Bowels and from thence their Body is ful of Crudities which being carried forth make an evil Habit. In other parts they produce divers Symptomes in the Hypochondria a swelling of the Bowels by which the Midriff is oppressed which causeth shortness of breath And because gross blood and wind are carried by the Branches of the hollow Vein and great Artery into the Heart which contend against them for fear of Suffocation by often moving of its Arteries there is a palpitation of the Heart and often a beating in the Temples Besides they have in this Disease a loathing of meat because the Stomach is filled with crude Excrements by reason of its evil Concoction and distribution which excrements having gotten an evil quality by a peculiar kind of corruption cause a desire of evil meats and things not ordained for nourishment as Salt Spices Chalk Coals Ashes and the like which Disease is called Pica Malacia or strange Longing which we have at large spoken of in its proper place among the Diseases of the Stomach The Causes of the Obstructions in the Veins of the Womb and the Hypochondria are
the Patients belly above the Navel be strongly girt with a swath-band that the womb may be thereby reduced and the vapors hindred from ascending Concerning letting blood it is a great question Whether it be convenient in the sit or no For seeing there is at that time a great weakness in the Patient and somtimes despair of life and the body is cooled all over by malignant vapors which infest the Brain and Heart which can no waies be expelled by blood-letting no question the use thereof is very dangerous during the fits And of this Opinion are Varandaeus and Sennertus But Mercatus and Rodericus a Castro do determine contrarily That a Vein ought to be opened in the Patients Ankle or Instep when the Disease springs from an abundance of Menstrual blood retained and that the Patients strength oppressed with the burden the passages obstructed with too much blood and the danger of suffocation hence arising can be remedied by no other means but bleeding seeing in this case neither stinking smels nor sweet smels nor Cupping-Glasses can bring the Patient out of her fit Philippus Hoechstetterus in the second part of his Observations makes it appear by certain Histories that bleeding in the Foot hath done much good Insomuch as a certain Nun which had been speechless and in Convulsion fits for two daies together two hours after she had bled began to speak and to eat and drink Iam of Opinion a Vein may be opened if the Pulse be strong and there be evident tokens that blood doth super-abound But if the Pulse be weak we must forbear and stay till the fit is over for a more convenient season in which blood may be safely taken away Plaisters are profitably applied under the Navel of the Mass of Emplastrum Ceroneum which mollifies and discusseth and so is better than the vulgar Womb-Plaister which doth somwhat bind and therefore may retain the vapors and malignant humors Plaisters are likewise made of Galbanum and Assafoetida or of Caranna and Tacamahaca either alone or with some Spices mingled with them As for Example Take Gum Caranna half an ounce Pouder of Nutmegs and Cloves of each half a dram Oyl of Amber four drops Turpentine two drams Make all into a Plaister Such Plaisters are to be in fashion of a Shield or Scutcheon and in the pointed part of the Plaister which must be laid towards the Water-gate some of Musk or Civet are to be put that they may send forth a sweet smell and thereby allure the Womb back again Three grains of Musk may be put in a little Cotton moistened with Oyl and thrust into the hole of the Navel then lay on a sinal Plaister of dissolved Galbanum This some Women for a Secret Or four grains of Camphire may be dissolved in Oyl of sweet Almonds and put into the Navel and a Diapalma Plaister laid over it If the Disease seem to be fostered by plenty of wind and vapors Fomentations and Baths will be good of the Decoction of Rue Mugwort Time and Calaminth Fennel seed Annis seed Cummin seed Bay-berries Chamomel Flowers Dill flowers c. Also little bags may be prepared with Cummin seed Annis seed Carrot seed Salt Rue Bran in them and applied very hot and often renewed Or Take Oyl of Rue four ounces Spirit of Turpentine half an ounce Mingle them and dip therein a piece of Bread hot out of the Oven and lay it upon the Navel Also it will be good to anoint the lower part of the belly the Region of the womb Share and Loyns because such anointings do dilate the Passages attenuate the Vapors and discuss them They may be made of Nard Oyl Spike Oyl Oyl of Dill Sesamine Saffron Lillies and Sweet Almonds Authors do very much commend a fume of the warts which grow upon Horses Legs which being dried in an Oven and beaten to Pouder they are burnt under the Noses of women in these fits as a present Remedy whereby women are wont to be in an instant delivered of their fits to the admiration of the by-standers If the Disease spring from Retention of Seed nothing is better than carnal Conjunction as soon as the Patient is out of her fit if she be married Instead of carnal Conjunction where that cannot he had many advise that the Patient be rubbed and tickled by a Midwife in the Neck of her womb into which the Midwife must put her fingers anointed with Oyls of Spices that so the offensive Sperm may be voided But seeing that cannot be done without wickedness understand by a silly superstitious Papist that counts it a meritorious good work to burn Mother and Child in her womb alive as at Jersey and a wickedness to free a sick body of a little offensive humor a Christian Physitian must never prescribe the same To Discuss those malignant Vapors which cause the womb-fit many Medicines are wont to be given down the Throat among which is a dram of old Venice Treacle with water of Mugwort Penyroyal and Balme Troches of myrrh to the quantity of two scruples or Oyl of Amber to five or six drops with the said Liquors Pills are frequently used the best are made after this manner Take Castorium Myrrh Assa-foetida of each one scruple faecula Brioniae half a scruple seeds of Rue and Saffron of each seven grains with Syrup of Mugwoâ—t make twelve pills Let her take three or four if she cannot swallow them let them be dissolved in Water of Mugwort These following Pills are good in a violent fit which they are wont to remedy without fail Take Assafaetida one scruple Castoreum six grains Laudanum three grains make all into three or four Pills Let her take them presently Pilulae Faetidae majores although they be purging yet are they given to good purpose in the Fit to half a dram For they gently evacuate and are not wont to work till the fit be over so that there is no danger in their working Also many waters are wont to be given in the fit viz. Aqua vitae Cinnamon water or Treacle water Or a specifical water may be made after this manner Take Zedoary roots Carrot seeds Lovage roots of each two ounces red Myrrh Castoreum of each half an ounce Piony roots four ounces Misleto of the Oak gathered at the wain of the Moon three ounces powr upon all these being prepared four pints and an half of Feaver-fewwater Spirit of Wine half a pint let them digest three daies and afterward still them The dose is a spoonful by it self or with some other convenient liquor A more easie water to make more pleasant to taste and no less effectual is this following Take of the juyces of Bawm and Borrage clarified of each two pints the best Saffron one dram Let them be infused and distilled in Balneo The Dose is a spoonful with Broth. This following potion is vulgarly used Take of Cinnamon Water half an ounce Turnep Water four ounces Castoreum four grains Make all into
of the Chollerick and whether it be possible that a Child in such a case can live Inflamation of the womb easily degenerates into a Gangrene Because the womb as it were the Bodies Close-stool receives a mighty charge of nasty Excrements by which the inbred heat is easily suffocated Ravings turning of the womb Hiccoughs Coldness of the Hands and Feet Diaphoretick sweat seizing on a woman in this Disease do portend sudden death If an Inflamation of the womb come to Suppuration its hopeful that it may be cured but a foul Ulcer will follow which wil make the Patient to pine away with a lingering Feaver or to fall into the Dropsie If the Inflamation turn into a Scirrhus the evil becomes lasting and often brings a Dropsie To cure this Infirmity the Course of the Blood to the Womb is to be drawn back it is to be driven from the womb it is to be diverted another way that which is flown in and contained in the part is to be resolved And if the swelling tend to suppuration it is to be furthered and when it is broken the Matter or Quittor must be voided out Which may be done by the following Remedies An Emollient and cooling Clyster being premised let Blood be drawn from the Basilick Vein of the Arm on that side on which the Womb is most affected or from both Arms if the swelling be in the whol Womb and let the Blood-letting be repeated twice thrice or four times according to the strength of the Patient and the greatness of the Inflamation After sufficient Revulsion the Disease being come to its height when there is no longer suspition of any present flux into the Womb the lower Veins are to be opened to derive from the part affected In which sence we must understand Galen in his Book of Blood-letting and in his 13. Book of the Method of Healing where he teacheth That in the Inflamation of the Womb we must open the Veins about the Knees and Anckles But so long as there remains any Indication of Revulsion it is better to open the Veins of the Arm. Also to revel or draw back the Humors Frictions are good and Ligatures or bindings of the uper parts and Cupping-Glasses set upon the Shoulders Loyns and Back If vitious Humors especially Chollerick do abound in the Body which are as it were the Coach of the other Humors to hurry them about the Body they are to be evacuated with gentle Medicaments as Syrup of Roses and Syrup of Violets solutive Manna Rhubarb Catholicon or Electuary Lenitive for stronger Medicaments by stirring the Humors over much would excite the Flux of Humors more abundantly to the part affected And vomiting Medicaments though prescribed by Avicenna seem no way convenient in this case For if they be mild and gentle they evacuate nothing to speak of If they be stronger they cause a great Agitation in the Body by which means the Humors being in a Commotion may flow more plentifully unto the part diseased In regard of the greatness of the Feaver cooling Medicaments are to be used as Juleps and Emulsions whereunto if very great wakings pain and tumblings and tossings do disquiet the Patient some Narcoticks may be added which may likewise be given by themselves After the First Evacuations let outward Medicines be applied to the lower part of the Belly between the Navel and the Share and about the Kidneys first of all repelling and cooling things in the form of a Liniment an Epithem and Cataplasm The Liniment may be made of Oyl of Roses washed in Vinegar or of Oyntment of Roses Ceratum Santalinum or Galens cooling Oyntment with a little Vinegar added The Epitheme may be made of the Waters or Decoction of Plantane Sorrel Nightshade the tops of white Poppies and Roses adding a little Bole-Armoniack Dragons Blood and Terra Sigillata The Cataplasm or Pultiss may be made of the Crums of fine Manchet boyled with Milk to which a little Oyl of Roses may be added with Juyce of Henbane Nightshade and the whites of Eggs or of Barley Meal Linseed Fenugreek seed with Oyl of Roses whereunto likewise the aforesaid Plants being bruised may be added Injections must be made into the Womb compounded after this manner Take Plantane Leaves Water-lilly Leaves Nightshade and Endive of each one handful red Roses two pugils Boyl all till a third part of the Water be consumed and add to the strainings Oyl of Mirtles one ounce Vinegar half an ounce Make an Injection Of the same Herbs bruised with Oyl of Roses and Vinegar Pessaries may be made and put into the Womb. Neither must Repelling and Refrigerating Medicaments be long used lest the Swelling harden and degenerate into a Scirrhus Wherefore softening and discussing things are to be mingled with the repelling Simples with this Proviso That the longer the Inflamation is from its Infancy the greater must be the quantity of Digestives So that to the foresaid Medicaments may be added Mallows Marsh-mallows Mugwort Fenugreek Chamomel Melilot their Dose being augmented or diminished as the case shall require In the mean while if the Patient be costive she must be helped by gentle Purgatives Yea and the truth is frequent Clysters may do a great deal of good to temper the Inflamation seeing the Womb rests upon the streight Gut called Intestinum reotum But let them be little in quantity that they may be kept the longer and that they may not compress the Womb of which this may be an Example Take Marsh-mallow Roots the Leaves of Mallows Violets Lettice of each one handful Nightshade half a handful Violet flowers red Roses of each a pugil sowr Prunes ten boyl them in Barley Water In six ounces of the strained Broth mix three ounces of Oyl of Roses and make all into a Clyster If the Patient be in great pain to the aforesaid Clysters may be added the Yolks of Eggs the fat of an Hen Breast-milk Mucilage of the seeds of Fenugreek Lin-seed or Mallows yea and a little quantity of Opium with some Saffron In such a case Injections into the Womb may likewise be made of Goats or Sheeps Milk with Opium and Saffron of each three or four grains and a little Rose Water Or unto Pessaries may be added a little Opium with a little Saffron the whites of Eggs and Oyl of Roses Or Pessaries may be made of Philonium Romanum with Cotton Or a Fomentation to ease pain may be prepared on this manner Take Marsh-mallows Branch and Root Violet Leaves of each a handful Chamomel Melilot Roses of each a pugil Boyl all for a Fomentation When the Disease begins to decline Purgation is to be iterated with gentle Purgatives And when the Disease tends to a Resolution or Conclusion which is known by remission of the Symptomes and because the part is not so oppressed with any Heaviness Discussives must be used in greater quantity than any of the foregoing Medicaments Or this Cataplasm may be made Take Pouder of Marsh-mallow
Beans and Lentils of each three drams scraped Liquoris Orice Roots of Florence and Zedoary of each two ounces Boyl all in water adding towards the end a little white Wine If the Ulcers be very stinking and ful of rotten Quittor there may be added to the Decoction a little Vnguentum Aegyptiacum Collyrium Lanfranci or the Pouder of dulcified Mercury When the Ulcer shal be wel scoured and clensed we must use drying and solidating things made after this manner Take the greater Comfry Roots Bistort Roots of each one ounce Leaves of Plantane Horstail Shepheards-purse Ladies Mantle Mous-ear Yarrow of each one handful red Rose Leavs half a handful Boyl all in water and make thereof an Injection With the which or like Injection this following flesh-creating Pouder may be mingled Take the Roots of Orice Birthwort great Comfry of each half an ounce Mirrh one ounce Aloes three drams Make all into Pouder of which half an ounce may be mingled with every Injection Turpentine wash'd in Plantane Water to the quantity of two drams dissolved with Honey and the Yolk of an Egg wil do very much good mingled with the Injection and the more if the flesh-creating Pouder be also added The Oyntment Pompholygos de Cerusa de Plumbo of each six drams for a Dose mixed together are likewise used in Injections But the Egg-yolk Oyl rubbed about with a Pestle in a Leaden Morter is better than al the rest Fumes received through a close stool do pierce to the deep Ulcers which are about the bottom of the Womb and dry them Which may be thus prepared Take Frankinsence Mirrh Mastich Storax Juniper Gum Labdanum of each one ounce Turpentine as much as shall be requisite Make all into little Cakes for to be burnt under a close stool In a most stubborn Ulcer Cinnabarus or Minium being added to the Fume-Cakes bears away the Bell from al other Medicaments Also Baths that are drying Sulphurous and Allumish are used in long Ulcers and Physitians are wont to send their desperate Patients to those Baths as the last Remedy It wil not likewise be unprofitable to apply convenient Plaisters to the Region of the Womb seeing their vertue can pass to the innermost parts of the womb by the invisible pores of the Body If an Ulcer be in the neck of the womb it must be smeared with scouring and drying Liniments or Oyntments The Scourers may be made after this manner Take of the Juyce of Smallage two ounces Honey of Roses one ounce and an half Turpentine half an ounce Barley Meal as much as shall seem convenient Boyl them all gently and make them into the form of a Liniment or Oyntment Or Take the round Birthwort half an ounce Horehound Centaury the smaller Agrimony of each half a handful Boyl them in a sit quantity of Hydromel To the strained Liquor add the pouder Florentine Orice Root two drams Barley meal and clarified Honey of each as much as shall suffice Make all into a Liniment or Oyntment And somtimes the Oyntment Pompholygos is used adding thereto Frankinsence Mastich Mirrh Aloes as the Nature of the Ulcer shal require When the Ulcer is sufficiently clensed a drying and scar-contracting Oyntment is to be laid on which may be thus made Take Tutty Pouder washed half an ounce Litharge of Gold and Silver Ceruss Sareocolla of each two drams Oyl and Wax as much as will suffice Make all into an Oyntment It falls out somtimes That Ulcers of the Womb do penetrate unto the streight Gut and somtimes unto the Bladder which is known by the Quittor issuing through the Water-Gate or the Dung-Gate If the Quittor or Matter come out by stool Lenitive Scouring and Drying Clysters are to be used such as we propounded in our Cure of the Bloody-flux But if the Quittor come away by Urine gentle Piss-drivers and cooling wil be requisite which may purge out the filth sent into the Bladder and further the Cure of the Ulcer such as are Emulsions of the greater cold Seeds after which Turpentine must be used and other Medicines prescribed for an Ulcer of the Bladder If the Ulcer degenerate into a Fistula which chiesly fals out when it opens outwardly towards the Hip though it may likewise happen in the Womb it self and its Neck it is to be considered which is better for the Patient to leave that Passage free and open to which Nature hath been accustomed and by which she endeavors to disburden her self of manifold Excrements or to stop the same If it be judged best to keep it open a palliative Cure must at least be made by Purges frequently repeated and Sweat-provokers are to be administred twice in a yeer also scouring Injections and strengthening must be used and Emplastrum Dâ—apalma Divinum and â—uch like Plaisters are to be laid upon it But if there be hopes to make a perfect Cure and heal up the Fistula such Medicines must be applied as are wont to be used for the cure of other Fistulaes If Ulcers happen in the Water-Gate or in the Cavity of the Womb by reason of the Lechers Pox they cannot be Cured without the General Cure of the said Pox. In the performance of which Cure of many waies there is none better than Fumigations of Cinnabaris or Minium for they do not only help to rid the whol Body of that Infection but being received into the Cavity of the Womb they do in a peculiar manner hasten the Cure of these kind of Ulcers Likewise in the Cure of this Disease by Quick-silver'd Oyntments the said Oyntments must be conveighed into the inner parts of the Womb. In whatsoever Ulcers of the Womb if the Neck thereof be molested with an itch as it often falls out by reason of a deflux of a sharp and salt Humor into that part to pacifie the said Itch a Pessary wil be good dipped in Vnguentum Enulatum cum Mercurio or in Aegyptiacum dissolved in Sea-water or in Allum water or in new Butter wherein Quick-silver hath been killed with some Brimstone mingled Chap. 9. Of a Scirrhus or a Painless hard Swelling of the Womb. THe Nature Sorts and Causes of a Scirrhus or hard Swelling in the Womb are the same which have been set down in our Chapter of the like Swelling in the Liver and need not in this place be vainly repeated but must be sought for in the said Chapter Howbeit among the Antecedent Causes this is proper to an Hard-Swelling of the Womb and is very frequent namely for women when the flux of their Courses or Child-bed purgations are upon them undiscreetly to expose themselves to the cold Air or to drink cold water whereby the flux is stayed and the retained blood grows thick and is condensed and at length produceth a Scirrhus or stony hard Swelling in the Womb. The Signs of such a Swelling bred in the Womb are An hardness selt in the Region of the Womb such as resists the touch which hardness represents the compass of the
of the extream bitterness is an enemy to the Child and is thought to open the mouths of the veines But if sometimes the use thereof seems necessary in some grevious infirmities of the stomach which are wont frequently to infest women with Child the first months of their being with Child bearing let it be carefully washed with rose-Rose-water that the acrimony thereof may be taken away or let it be mixt with strengthening and astringent things as Rhubarb Mastich and such like Clysters are not very safe because by compressing the Womb they may cause abortion So that when there is need of them and in women accustomed to that kind of evacuation they must be made in less quantity and of such things as are rather mollfying and lenefying than much purging In a word touching Sweat-drivers Piss-drivers and such things as move the Courses our Opinion is That Movers of the Courses properly so called are never to be used in women with Child And Piss-drivers because they likewise are apt to bring down the Courses ought to be suspected and if the necessity of some disease require the use of them the gentler must be made choice of And finally Sweat-drivers may be safely given because they drive the humors out by the habit of the Body whereby no danger of abortion is incurred in so much that some women in the middle of their being with Child have bin Cured of the whores Pox without harm to their Child Chap. 17. Of Abortion or Miscarriage ABortion or Miscarriage is the bringing forth of an imperfect or unripe Child And consequently a child dead in the Womb is not counted an Abortion till it be excluded So that whether alive or dead Child be brought fourth not being ripe nor having attained to the just term of growth which it ought to have had in the Womb it is to be termed an Abortion or Miscarried Child The Causes of Abortion are some internal some external The internal may be reduced to four heads viz. to the Humors to the Child to the Womb and to the Mothers diseases The humors may cause Abortion while they offend in quantity or in quality They offend in Quantity either by way of excess or of Defect Humors offending by way of excess are seen in a Plethorick or over-full Constitution of Body for Blood being more plentyfull than is requisite to Nourish the Infant in the Womb flowes into the veines of the Womb and is excluded by way of the monthly Courses and brings away the Child with it Defect of Humor fitting to Nourish springs from such Causes which are able to draw the Nourishment from the Child as fasting whether voluntary or forced as when women with Child loath all kind of Meat or vomit it up again a thin diet in acute diseases immoderate bleeding by the Nose Haemorrhoides Womb or by immoderate Phlebotomy Whereupon Hippocrates in Aphor. 34. Sect. 5. If a woman with Child go very much to stool it is to be feared that she will Miscarry Hereunto may be referred extream leanness of the whol body wherein there is not Blood enough to nourish the Infant Of which Hippocrates in Aphor. 44. Sect. 5. Speakes thus Women with Child being very lean not by nature but accident as famin long-sicknes c. they Miscarry untill they get their flesh again In respect of the Child Abortion may happen if it be over great so that it cannot by reason of its bulk be contained in the Womb hence it falls often out that little Women miscarry especially if they be married to Men Bigger than ordinary whose Children grow very great and find not in the Womb place large enough to contain them till they come to their perfect growth Which made Hippocartes say In his Book of superfoetation If any Woman conceive frequently and do duly and at a certain period of time Miscarry as in her second third or fourth month or later the narrowness of her Womb is in fault which is not able to contain the Child as it grows great Also plurality of Children may cause abortion as when two or three or more are contained in the Womb at one time for then the Womb overloaden excludes the Children before the fit time which is the cause that Women often Miscarry of twinns Also the dead Child is to be reckoned among the causes of Abortion for as soon as the Child is dead Nature doth forthwith set her self to cast it forth Abortion happens in respect of the Womb it self if it be not of largness and capacity enough sufficiently to widen itself according as the child grows as was shewed above out of Hippocrates As also if there be any thing preternatural in the Womb as an Inflamation a Scirrhous Tumor an Impostume and very many diseases besides And finally if the Womb be overmoist and slack that it cannot contain the Child so well as it ought to do In respect of the Mothers diseases Abortion comes two waies First of all when as her diseases are communicated to the Child whereby it is killed or so weakened that it cannot receive due nourishment nor growth such as are continual and intermitting feavers the Whores-Pocks and many such like Secondly when the said diseases of the Mother do cause great evacuations or great commotions or the Body as â—â—rge Bleedings from what part of the Body soever fluxes of the Belly grievous swoonings Falling-sickness Vomiting and Tenesmus that is perpetual going to the stool and voiding nothing but a little slime which above all other diseases is wont to cause Abortion because by that frequent and almost continual endeavour of going to stool which perpetually attends this disease the Muscles of the Belly are perpetually contracted and do more compress the Womb than the streight Gutt upon which the Womb rests which continual compression or squeezing of the Womb doth at last cause Abortion External causes which further Abortion do some of them kill the Child others draw away its nourishment and others dissolve those bands wherewith the Child is fastened to the Womb. The Child is killed by greivous commotions of mind as Anger sadness Terror c. meates earnestly longed for and not obtained strong purging Medicaments such things as provoke the Courses such things as drive forth the Child such things as are reckoned by a secret property to destroy the Child in the Womb abominable smells especially the stink of a Candle ill put out The Child is deprived of its nourishment by the Mothers being famished and by immoderate loss of her Blood especially when the Child is big As Hippocrates teaches in the Aphor. 60 Sect. 5. The bands which fasten the Child to the Womb are loosed by vehement exercise Danceing Running Rideing or Jolting in a Coach or Cart carrying of an heavy weight or lifting it from the ground a violent fall and squelch a Blow upon the Belly that mauls the Child vehement motion of the Belly by coughing vomiting loosness neezing convulsions crying out immoderate or
retained which is not so easie to be known yet it may be known because the Womb after the Birth doth yet labor to cast somwhat forth although those endeavors are not so great as formerly there is perceived in the womb a sence of pain and heat and after certain daies a â—ilthy and carrion-like smel exhales from the Womb. The Retention of the Secundine is a very dangerous thing and if it continue some daies in the womb it acquires a silthy putrefaction whence ariseth an acute Feaver aptness to vomit fainting difficulty or breathing a Diaphoretick Sweat Coldness of the extream parts Hysterical Fits Fits of Falling-sickness and at last death it self Hippocrates in the Second Book of Popular Sicknesses by the example of a certain Carriers Wife doth hint unto us That it is good in this case when corrupt blood doth suddenly come from the womb in large quantities for it is hopeful that those Membranes being rotted and wasted will flow forth upon the sixth or seventh day The After-birth retained is expelled by the same Remedies which were propounded to drive out the dead Child whereunto we may add some appropriated or specifick Medicaments mentioned by Authors Gesnerus and Augenius do very much commend the stones of a gelded Horse cut in pieces and dried in an Oven The Pouder whereof is given as much as can be taken up between three fingers with the Broth of a Pullet which Medicine if need be must be twice or thrice reâ—â—erated Rulandus gave thirty drops of Oyl of Juniper with happy success Some advise the Childing Woman to hold an Onion hard between her Teeth and squeeze it there swallowing down the Juyce and she is to bite it so three or four times still sucking out the Juyce and swallowing the same and at last to drink a draught of warm Wine upon it which presently helps her Forestus makes relation of a certain Midwife which received this following Secret from a â—ewish Physitian Shee took the green Tops of Lovage she stamped them and strained out the Juyce with the best Rhenish Wine and gave a draught of it to the Patient Angelus Sala commends Mercurâ—us vitae in this Case as well as in the Expulsion of a dead Child Hereunto add Sneezings Fumigations Fomentations Liniments and other Medicines both inward and outward soâ—â—erâ—y described in the case of a dead Child The following Decoction used by a Country woman of ours hath done wonders Take Vinegar of Roses eight or ten pints Bay Leaves and Bay Berries of each three handfuls one Rose Caze cut in bits Boyl all together and let her Hips and Legs be a long time together bathed from her gâ—oyns down to her feet Vpon the use hereof the Womb hath opened of its own accord and the After-birth fallen away To this Decoction may fiâ—â—y be added of Mirrh and of the two Birthworts of each one ounce And among other helps the hand of a skilful Chyrurgion can do much being put into the womb before the Inflamation or Inflation be augmented For he laying hold of the After-births and gently turning them this way and that way may draw them out and free the woman from so many Symptomes and tiresom Medicines If the Secundine can by no means be perswaded forth but stick strongly to the womb and there putrefie suppurating things are to be put into the womb clensing things being mingled with them that as much as is putrefied may be by little and little brought forth To which intent Rondeletius commends Vnguentum Basilicum especially if it be dissolved in the following Decoction Take Leaves of Mallows with their Roots three handfuls Roots of the two Aristolochia's or Birthworts of each six drams Lin-seed and Foenugreek seed of each half an ounce Violet Leaves one handful Flowers of Chamomel and the smaller Centaury of each half a handful Boyl all in Water mixing therewith if there need great supâ—â—ration or reduction to Matter a little Oyl but if there be more need of detersion or clensing add a little Unguentum Aegyptiacum Chap. 21. Of Immoderate Flux of the Loches or Child-bed Purgations THe Immoderate Flux of Child-bed Purgations called from the Greek Loches is not to be estimated from the quantity or the time of continuance because that in divers Natures Ages and Courses of Life it is very different but from the ill-bearing of the woman and her weakness therefrom arising The Causes of this immoderate Flux are the over wide opening of the Vessels or their rending in hard Travel or the violent drawing forth of the After-birth or a more than ordinary quantity of blood which hath been collected in the Veins of the Womb during the whol course of the Womans being with Child or the thinness and sharpness of the said Blood which doth too much open the Mouthes of the Veins and provoke Nature to Excretion Immoderate flux of the Child-bed Purgations is known as hath been said from the strength of the woman which is dejected through the exhaustion of her spirits that issue with the blood also the blood is clotted and the Patient loaths all meat is pained under her short Ribs feels a distention of her Belly her Pulse is weak and frequent her sight is dimmed she hath noise in her Ears is subject to Swooning and Convulsions As all great Fluxes of Blood are dangerous because blood is the Treasure of our Life so immoderate flux of the Child-bed Purgations is more dangerous than the rest because of the Travel which goes before and weakens the Patient But the danger is more or less according to the greater or less quantity of the Blood which comes away and as the Symptomes are more light or grievous which attend the same which made Hippocrates to say in the 55. Aphorism of the fift Section If Convulsion or Swooning betides a Woman upon her Feminine Purgations it 's a shrewd sign The Cure of an Immoderate flux of Blood consists in one only Point viz. The stoppage of the said flux Yet extraordinary care is to be taken lest that be kept within which by these Purgations was wont to be carried away and so prove the cause of grievous Infirmities And therefore if the flux do not extreamly urge we must begin with lighter Medicaments proceeding by little and little if need shall require to such as are stronger And in the first place The violent Motion of the Blood is to be bridled by an incrassating of thickening Diet as by Panadaes Gellies Rice Starch with Calves-foot Broths Pears and Quinces boyled Rosted Flesh sprinkled with juyce of Pome-granates Let her have pretty plenty of Meat but not at once but divers times one after another For by this means the Heat and Spirit which in the Womb do aslist to the Expulsion are called away to the Stomach and by that means the Patients strength is restored Let her Drink be Water that hath had Iron quenched in it or Gold or in which a little Mastich hath been boyled Then such things
and so there is no such fear least they should rush into the Part affected But gentle Vomits are to be used which do only evacuate those Parts which are near the stomach For if they be vehement and draw Humors out of the Veins they may precipitate the said Humors unto the Joynts Then after vomitings purgation must be procured downwards yea and if one purgation will not serve turn it must be repeated After sufficient Purgation it will be very good to procure sweat for so the wheyish matter wil be discussed by the habit of the Body But seeing when the Gout gives its first Onset there happens a kind of boiling and working of the Blood and commonly there is a Feaver hot sudoroficks will not be convenient but only such as are temperate amongst which Sennertus commends Harts-Horn either crude or prepared without burning either alone or with Carduus Water as likewise Antimonium Diaphoreticum In an old Gout without a Feaver a Decoction of China Salsa Parilla ar Sassafras may be given qualified with coolling Herbs as Cichory Endive Sorrel and Or after the Sweat is wiped off it may suffice to give the Patient Chicken-Broth altered with the Herbs aforesaid Martinus Rulandus did use this following Sweating Medicine with happy success Take Tops of Centaury two handfuls Asarum Roots two ounces Boyl them in ten pints of Water to five pints and strain the Liquor Give the Patient eight ounces of this Liquor hot in the morning some daies together and let him sweat upon it But Forestus commends the Roots of the greater Burdock because it cuts discusseth and provokes both Sweat and Urine And he reports that a certain Gouty person that kept his bed and could not stir a Limb drank hot Beer in which the great Burdock Root had been boyled after the drinking whereof when the Physitians could do him no good with all their Medicines he piss'd a great deal of white Matter like Milk and was freed from his pains Hercules Saxonia puts a great many Loaves hot out of the Oven round about the Patients Body by which means Sweat is plentifully procured and the pains removed Also a Decoction of Elder Bay-leaves Sage Rosemary and such like Herbs wil do much good the Patient receiving the vapor of this Decoction in a sweating Tub which wil make the sweat to come lustily Also the Waters of Natural hot Baths do provoke sweat and do readily discuss the Matter contained in the Joynts And therefore when the sick are not able to go unto them their Water is wont to be brought unto them and heated in a Caldron for them to bath in Erastus in his 15. Counsel prefers this above al others for easing the pains but he boyls so much Salt in the Water as gives it an evidently brackish tast In the beginning of the Fluxion of Gouty Humors in the spaces free from Purgations such things must be given as stop the Flux which have been propounded by me in the Cure of an hot Catarrh especially Juleps of Waters or Decoctions and Syrups which do cool and thicken Yea and the truth is We are somtimes compelled to use Narcotick or Stupefactive Medicaments for they both stop the flux of Humors and they mitigate the rage of the pains Of these sort of Medicines new Venice Treacle is most convenient which may often be repeated without danger from half a dram to a dram Unto which may profitably be added a little Bole-Armoniack to stop the flux of Humors Howbeit instead of Treacle Laudanum Opiatum and other Narcoticks may conveniently be substituted After due Evacuations have been celebrated and other things given inwardly which respect the antecedent Cause we must proceed unto local Applications such as mitigate the pain and discuss the contingent Cause Which are not presently to be used before the universal Remedies aforesaid have been first applied for otherwise they are wont to do more hurt than good For either the Matter which Nature intended to drive into the Joynts is driven back into the inner parts of the Body whereby grievous Symptomes are raised or it is forced into the Joynts and the pain is exasperated or the part is effeminated and made lax and so the fluxion is encreased Which Cautions being commonly neglected and external things untimely and heedlesly applyed the Patients receive commonly more hurt than good thereby And those external Medicines do either respect the pain alone or the Cause likewise of the pain viz. The Humor which hath took its course into the part and caused both the pain and Swelling Such things as mitigate pain are very necessary in this case because the extremity thereof weakens the Patient and draws the Humors to the parts affected Furthermore by the use of Anodines the parts are relaxed and the Humor which before did flow into the more deep parts about the Joynt is diffused to the more ambient parts and external Whence it is that the pains of the Gout are most vehement before the part swels but after it is swollen they are mitigated Now there are many Anodine or Pain-charming Medicaments propounded by Authors to be applied to those parts which are troubled with the Gout But the chief are these which follow Luke-warm Milk applied to the part affected by wetting Linnen Cloaths therein and laying them on doth asswage the pain as also if the part be sprinkled and bedewed therewith especially when it comes fresh from the Dug which Amatus Lusitanus doth very much commend in the 41. Cure of his sixt Century in these words One mightily tormented with the Gout caused a shee Goat to be brought into his Chamber and her Milk to be milked out upon his pained Joynt by which he perceived the pains evidently lessened And there is good reason for it For Milk newly milked doth asswage mitigate and lessen pains It is a Medicine commonly used by the Great Turk by you who seek Profit and Honor highly to be prized Of Milk likewise is made the Cataplasm of white Bread Crums boyled therein adding the Yolks of Eggs and a little Saffron Also the Leaves of Henbane or Violets are boyled in Milk or in Vinegar and Water and profitably laid upon the part affected Also a Cataplasm is made of the Pap of Marsh-mallow Roots mingled with Milk Also a Cataplasm is made of the Pulp of Cassia alone or mingled with Oyl of Roses or the following Ingredients Take Crums of white Bread boyled in Milk half a pound Pulp of Cassia three ounces Make them into a Pultiss Or Take the Pulp of Cassia four ounces new Venice Treacle half an ounce Barley and Oaten meal of each three ounces the Crum of white Bread four ounces Cows Milk two or three pints Boyl all into the form of a Pultiss which apply warm to the parts pained If you shall add half an ounce or an ounce of Vitriol calcined and finely poudered you will make it far more excellent In the beginning of the Gout which seizes only the great
Toe lay on this following Take two whites of Eggs a little Salt beaten to Pouder a few drops of Vinegar of Roses Mix all and apply it upon Tow or course Flax to the part affected Other Cataplasms are likewise made of greatest efficacy compounded on this manner Take Water of white Mullein and of Fern Root and Branch of each half a pint calcined Vitriol exquisitely poudered one ounce and an half Meal four ounces Saffron two drams Make all into a Pultiss Take Mallows leaves and Roots as much as you please Boyl them in a new Earthen Vessel with equal parts of Wine and Vinegar till a third part be consumed then ad as much course Rye Bran as will make it into a Pultiss which being well wrought together and spread upon a Linnen Cloth let it be applied to the parts pained as hot as the Patient can endure it Solenander doth exceedingly commend this Pultiss Forestus relates that a Cataplasm made of Duck-weed and Chamomel Flowers boyled in Milk adding a little Barley Meal wil do miracles Montagnana affirms this following to be most excellent in extream pains Take the Yolks of ten Eggs beat them in a Frying Pan with half a pound of Oyl of Roses Let them boyl gently till they grow thick adding two drams of Saffron and lay it on hot In the beginning of the Flux many lay on a Cataplasm of Salt and Soot wrought into a Body with whites of Eggs. Or of two ounces of Chamomel Flowers red Rose Leaves one ounce and an half Mullein flowers half an ounce Pouder them and boyl them in sweet Milk to the stiffness of a Pultiss adding three or four Yolks of Egs. Or of Barley Meal and Bean Meal of each one handful Flowers of Chamomel and Roses of each half a handful Mullein Water and Willow Water or Plantane Water and Wine of each as much as shal suffice Incorporate all together in form of a Pultiss Also divers Fomentations may be made to be applied to the place affected after this manner Take of the Leaves of Mullein six pounds red Wine a Quart Beat the Leaves and stâ—ep them in the Wine for three daies Distil them and bathe and foment the parts affected therewitâ— warm with Linnen Cloaths dipped therein Or Take Flowers of Mullein as much as you please fill a glass Bottle therewith and stop the mouth and set it in the Sun for so they will turn to Liquor which being applied to the part affected with Linnen mitigates the pain Salsaturni that is Salt of Lead dissolved in subtil Spirit of Wine easeth pains wonderfully Frog-spawn-Water stilled in May applied to the parts pained doth wonderfully asswage the pains and tempers the Inflamation and redness of the part These following Simples may profitably be mingled therewith Take Frog-spawn-Water Water of Tapsus Barbatus or of Mullein and of Fern of each one pound and an half Infuse therein Lapis tutiae and Litharge of Gold of each two ounces Vitriol calcined and Allum of each one ounce Foment the pained Parts herewith warm An Infusion of Litharge made in Vinegar the Vinegar being a little evaporated till it grow sweetish doth much good to an hot Gout Oyl of Calves Feet is excellent to allay the pains of the Gout and it is thus prepared Let the Calves Feet be beaten and the Bones broken then boyl them all to a Pap. Take the Oyl which swims on the top of the Water mingle it with Aqua vitae and Salt and therewith bath or anoint the parts pained Also Oyls and Fat 's are by many used But seeing the Inflamation which befals those Members which are troubled with the Gout doth draw very neer the Nature of an Erysipelas or red fiery swelling oftentimes those fat things may do more hurt than good for by stopping the pores they may keep in the Humor and so encrease the pain According as Sennertus makes relation of a man troubled with the Gout who found great good by very new Sheeps-milk Cheese laid upon the pained part for as soon as the Cheese being heated by the pained part began to melt and shed its Butter the pains were encreased Yet in some Bodies Oyl of Roses and such like may do good especially mixed with other Medicaments because according to the different Natures of Mens Bodies several things do good to several persons And therefore we must be furnished with a mighty company of Medicaments that upon al occasions we may have change because there is scarce any one so effectual as to do good to al that are troubled Take these following for an Example or Pattern Take Crum of the whitest Manchet half a pound Boyl it in new Milk to the consistence of a Pultiss then ad of the Mucilage of Marsh-mallow seeds two ounces Meal of Line seed and Fenugreek seed of each two drams Flowers of Chamomel and of Melilot poudered of each one ounce Saffron one dram Oyl of Roses one ounce Mix all into a Cataplasm Or to the Cataplasm of white Bread Crum before described Oyl of Roses may be added Also Liniments and Oyntments are wont to be made to mitigate pain Take Yolks of Eggs two or three dissolve them with Oyl of Roses or Violets or Wine and apply them luke-warm Balsamum Saturni prepared with Oyl of Roses or Violets allaies pain most effectually Take Ceruss two ounces dissolve it in Endive Water and a little Vinegar make thereof a Liquid Oyntment Of the said Ceruss is made a Plaister of great efficacy which may be laid on in the beginning of the Disease even whiles the Tumor and Inflamation is present It s composition is thus Take Common Oyl one pound Wine a pint and an half Boyl them till half the Wine be consumed Then ad a pound of Ceruss finely Poudered and two drams of Camphire Boyl them to the Consistence of an Emplaister When there is great Inflamation Vinegar must be used instead of Wine Spread this plaister upon Linnen Cloathes that it may the more commodiously be wrapped about the Parts affected A Living whelp laid to the pained Part doth very much asswage the pain When the pain rages extreamly we may have recourse to Narcoticks howbeit they must not lie long upon the Part because they are adverse unto the naturall heat and to the nerves Take Henbane Leaves two Handfuls Nightshade and Housleek of each one Handful Garden Poppy-Head one pugil Mandrak Roots one ounce Chamomel Flowers and violet Flowers of each one pugil make a Decoction in Water or Milk with which let the Part be bathed Beat the residue after the Liquor is strained out and add of the Flower of Lin-Seed one ounce and an half Wheat meal two ounces Oyl of chamomel three ounces and make a Pultis Or Take Spirit of Wine somwhat Yellow by infusion of Saffron four ounces camphire one scruple Boyl them a little then dissolve therein one dram of Opium With that Liquor let the pained Part be bathed It is a safe and most effectual Medicine
Green Tobacco Leaves beaten and laid on do ease the Gout and are said to be of a stupefactive Nature As for the Efficient Cause of the pain to the Humor flowing into the Part repelling Medicaments must be opposed and to that which is allready in deriving and resolving Medicaments must be applied Howbeit repelling Medicines are disallowed in this Case especially alone and without the commixture of other things For if they shal wholly stop the influx of the matter into the Parts affected it is to be Feared least they retiring to the inward Parts should cause dangerous diseases unless they happen to be translated to some other Joynt Again the Humor which hath already flowed into the Part is the more driven inward by which means the Pains become more violent But yet if in the beginning of the Gout there be a great afflux of Humors especially hot ones which threatens sharp Pains to follow it will be convenient in some measure to repress the same by applying repellers not alone but mixed with such things as mitigate Pain after universal and sufficient Evacuations For then such things as do overmuch relax do help forward the afflux of Humors And therefore we may ad unto the foresaid cataplasmes and other remedies Plantane Lettice Purslane Housleek and such like as also a little Vineger As for example Take Barley Meal three ounces Boyl it in Water and Vineger add two Yolks of Eggs Saffron twenty grains Make all into a Pultis Or Take Red Roses an Handful Barley and Fenugreek Meal of each one ounce Red Sanders one dram and an half Chamomel Flowers one pugil when they are Boyled and beaten add two Yolks of Eggs Vineger four ounces Oyl of Roses as much as shall suffice make all into a Pultis Among remedies which derive the Humor from the Part affected are Horse-Leeches after sufficient Evacuation applied thereunto for then they do much good especially when the Veins in the Part affected do seem distended and swelling with Blood Now resolving Medicaments are wont to be used in divers forms as of Waters Oyls Unguents Balsoms Fomentations Fumigations Cataplasmes Plaisters and the like compounded after this manner Take Vitriol white and green of each one ounce camphire two drams aqua vitae and white Wine of each one pint Mix them and apply them with cloathes dipped in them Or Slake Lime in Urine purifie the Liquor and foment the Pained place therewith It is likewise good if it be done with Vineger and Lime Martinus Rulandus in the Centuries of his Cures doth mightily cry up his Gout-quelling Water but never describes the same But Libavius Petreus and others suppose it was thus made Take Fountain Water a Pint Aqua fortis half an ounce Sublimate one dram Boyl them a quarter of an hour Wet linnen cloaths in this Liquor and apply them luke-warm to the Part affected Quercetanus in his Pharmacopoeia propounds these following Take Pickle of salt and the Vrin of a Boy of each Equal Parts Still them and Wet Linnen Cloathes in the Water and apply to the place affected often changing the cloathes for fresh ones Take Green Elder Leaves and flowers of each one pound beat them and steep them in Aqua vitae for two or three daies still them in a Glass or Copper vessel till they be dry Take Spirit of Wine rectified two pounds of the finest honey one pound Distill them in Balneo Vaporoso So you shall still two Liquors The first is watrish The second much stronger and Sulphureous which you shall keep by it self To the remaining materialls add an ounce and an half of whol Oriental saffron Venice turpentine two ounces Castoreum six drams Tartar calcined till it be white half a pound dissolved salt an ounce Phlegm of vitriol not separate from its spirit four ounces Lie made of Vinetree-Ashes two pound steep them together twenty four hours Then still them til they become dry keep the Liquor which comes likewise by it self To the Dreggs remaining pour on the former Water which you kept Steep them and still them Lastly put all the distilled Waters together and distill them in Balneo Vaporoso Quercetanus saies That this Water is of wondrous efficacy and that it was communicated unto him by a certain most famous German as a special guift affirming that this was the very Water of Rulandus And he averred that he had seen the rare effects thereof in easing the Pains of the Gout if Linnen cloathes being moderately warmed and dipped therein be applied to the Part affected The same Quercetanus in his Councel touching the Gout doth brag that he reserves to himself his Gout-quelling Water as a Master-peice for such an old soldier as himself to boast of which he saies is made of plain Fountaine Water wherein he doth divers times quench certain Metallick substances which are wont to be taken inwardly when rightly prepared whose spirits being impressed into the foresaid Water do contribute thereunto the power of penetrating unto the Roots of the Disease and of truly resolving the Tartarous stony matters with the salts which are combined in the Joynts from whence such intollerable Pains do arise Peradventure this that follows it not unlike it nor a whit inferior in Virtue Take Vnslaked Lime four pound Slak it in River-water as much as you please and let it stand in a Wine Cellar three daies that the Salt may be better extracted out of the Chalk or Lime Afterward let them Boyl a little and strain the Liquor through an Hippocras Bag. In twenty pints of the strained Liquor quench seven or nine times first Plates of steel red hot then Plates of Copper red hot and thirdly to the quantity of ten ounces of Vitriol calcined till it be white fourthly Antimony melted in a Crucible to half a pound fifthly Litharge or Ceruse heated in a Crucible half a pound white Precipitate once washed and no more one ounce and an half Brassburnt and finely Poudered half an ounce After the quenching of these mineralls let the water stand still in a Wine Cellar the space of ten daies Afterward Boyl it a little and strain it through an Hippocras Bag. In this Water being hot doubled cloathes must de dipt and frequently applied to the Gouty Part. Among Fomentations easie to make that is commended which is made of Salt Ammoniack seven times sublimed and fitly dissolved in Wine or Water or of the Urin of a young man in good health Boyled till half be consumed and laid on with Raggs Solenander Writes in his 24. Counsel Section the 4. That a certain Gouty old man was wont to make himself this Medicine When the swelling and Pain was great and the place red he took Salt the Urin of a Boy and Vinegar In these being mingled together he Wet a Linnen cloath and squeesed it and laid it on this he did divers times and so the Pain was much abated As we said before that Anodine or Pain-quelling Oyls did little good in the Gout
the fore-cited place That he cured the most of such as had this Feaver suddenly by letting them bleed til they fainted away which bleeding was attended by a loosness vomiting of Choller and plentiful Sweat Yet in these daies of ours that same large blood-letting is out of date which is not without danger seeing Galen himself relates in his Book of Curing by Phlebotomy Chap. 12. That it besel three Physitians while they were practising this large Blood-letting that instead of fainting away their Patients died out-right It is better therefore at several times to take away so much blood as the Nature of the Disease doth necessarily require Before Blood-letting if the Patient be Costive or the Guts abound with Crudities an Emollient and Laxative Clyster must be given As for the point of cold Water Galen orders it to be given in so great quantity that the Patient grow pale tremble and be cold all over and so he saies it extinguisheth the fiery heat it strengthens the solid parts and drives out unprofitable Humors by stool by urine and by sweat But he saies there must be many Cautions in the use thereof viz. That it be given in the Vigor of the Feaver the signs of Concoction appearing that the Patient have been used to drink cold Water in time of health have strong bowels and full of juyce a fleshy and wel-set Body have a constant and vigorous strength be not full of thick and clammy Humors have no tumor in any bowel nor stomach throat or sinews weak Otherwise if these conditions be wanting it is to be feared lest the Patient fall into shortness of breath Dropsie Trembling Convulsion Lethargy or some other grievous Disease This kind of Medicine is likewise grown out of date in our times seeing it is hard to observe all those conditions and so many dangers attend the undue use thereof For it is better to use other more safe Medicines which cool the whol Body and the Blood as Juleps and opening Emulsions Epithems Liniments and a Diet altogether cooling Juleps are made of the Decoction of Barley or Sorrel or Cichory or with Water of Cichory Endive Sorrel Lettice adding Syrup of Juyce of Cichory Lemmons Pomegranates Vinegar c. Whereunto also for the greater cooling and opening may be added some drops of Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur If the distilled Waters seem too crude or raw let them boyl with a little Species Triasantalon or Diamargaritum frigidum Emulsions may be made after this manner Take sweet Almonds blanched and steeped in Rose Water one ounce the four greater cool Seeds and Seeds of white Poppy of each two drams Beat them in a Marble Mortar powring on by little and little a pint and an half of Barley Water In the strained Liquor dissolve Sugar of Roses three ounces Make an Emulsion of Almond Milk for three Doses Which will be convement and is to be preferred before Juleps if there be want of Rest Epithems to be laid upon the Region of the Heart and Liver may be thus made Take Water of Roses Bugloss and Lettice of each three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce Pouder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum one dram and an half Camphire six grains Make an Epithem lay it upon the Region of the Heart Take Water of Endive Cichory Sorrel of each four ounces Vinegar of Roses an ounce and an half the three Sanders two drams and an half Make an Epithem for the Region of the Liver A cooling Oyntment may be anointed upon the Liver and Loyns of Vinegar of Roses Vnguentum Rosatum Vnguentum Refrigerans Galeni or Ceratum Santalinum washed in Vinegar tempered with Water If the Disease seem to lengthen after bleeding we must purge lest the wheyish and Chollerick Excrements putrefie and thereby a putrid Feaver arise But we must use such Medicines as purge without heating and agitation of Humors as Cassia Manna Syrup of Roses Tamarinds Catholicon and such like Ad hereunto a convenient Diet viz. Cooling moistening and thin of Broths made with cooling Herbs Prunes and sharp Apples boyled and Panadaes Let the Patients Drink be a Decoction of Barley Water boyled and Water with Bread boyled in it or mixed with Syrups of Maiden-hair or of Pomegranates Chap. 3. Of an Hectick Feaver AN Hectick Feaver occupies the solid Parts of the Body which constitute the Habit thereof and are commonly called Spermatical or fleshy in regard of which parts it is more fixed and rooted than other Feavers which are in the Spirits or Humors For which cause it is also termed Habitual because it is become Habitual and can hardly be removed from its subject There are many Divisions of this Feaver For first of all there is a Primary Hectick which begins of it self and another Secondary which follows other Feavers Secondly an Hectick Feaver is simple and solitary or joyned with a putrid Feaver Thirdly some Hecticks begin at the Heart others from other Parts as the Lungs Liver Spleen Kidneys Womb and other Parts inflamed ulcerated corrupted or possessed with some other grievous Disease And this Feaver though it have its habitual seat in the Heart and the whol Body yet is it commonly termed Symptomatical because of its first Original which it hath from other parts Galen makes three Degrees of an Hectick Feaver The first is the very beginning of an Hectick in which the Body is hardly extenuated yet the moist Humidity of the Body is inflamed consumes and dries The second comprehends the Augment and therein is an evident extenuation of the Body the fleshy and fat substance of the Body perishing The third contains the state of the Disease and its last age for it never comes to a declination because therein viz. in that degree it is incurable for then the fibrous and membranous substance of the Body is consumed and the whol Body is so extenuated that the Face of the Patient is like that described by Hippocrates nothing but skin and bone This last Degree is called Marasmus or rather Hectica Marasmodes because in a true Marasmus cold is joyned with dryness The Causes of an Hectick Feaver are divided into an Internal and External To the External are referred what ever Causes may occasion any of the other Feavers if the Action of Heating be continual and vehement or the Patients Body be apt to entertain this kind of Feaver Such are the heat of the Sun or of the Fire vehement Exercise Meats and Drinks that are heating immoderate Evacuations as in a Loosness and bloody-flux vehement passions of Mind and finally fasting in a Chollerick Body that is hot and dry of Constitution seeing Galen affirms that those Physitians that were wont to enjoyn their Patients to fast three daies together did bring Chollerick Constitutions by that means into burning and hectick Feavers The Internal Causes are burning and pestilential Feavers which do speedily consume the moisture of the Heart also a long slack Feaver Also some peculiar Disease of any of the bowels
which Cause Galen sent those that had consumptions of their Lungs to the Mount Tabias where the Air was more dry than ordinary The Meates of the Patient must be cooling and moistening and quickly nourishing as Chicken-Broaths and Broaths of Hens Capons Veal Kid Wether Mutton Yolks of Eggs with French Barley Lettice Purselane Endive Borrage Sorrel The flesh of Calves Kidds Piggs Pheasants Partriches Young Hares and such like Panadaes Barly Cream Water-Gruel Rice-Pottage with Sugar and a few Almonds or rather with the greater cooling Seeds Boyled Meats are fitter than Roasted which are sooner Inflamed and turned to Choller the boyled do more moisten But if the Patient be more delighted with Roast-Meats they must be very moderately Roasted and tempered afterwards with Juyce of Lemmons Citrons Orenges or of unripe Grapes without Salt Fishes may be eaten because they cool and moisten but such as are taken out of stony places are to be preferred and such as have a tender friable flesh haunting the Sea or Pure Waters Among fruits Apples are commended because they breed cold Blood also Pears are convenient Damask Prunes and French Prunes boiled in Sugar also Raisons clensed which being prepared after this following manner do nourish the body without heating Take Raisons of the Sun clensed one Pound Let them be tempered in endive bugloss and Rose-Water and very diligently washed that the Laxative power may be taken away Afterward let them be lightly boyled in the same Waters adding a little Sugar wherewith let them be preserved for use let the Patients take of them in the mornings and allwaies after Meat And because Persons that are Hectical have the Feaverish heat fixed in the solid Parts of their bodies by which the Nutriment is easily and suddainly consumed and disâ—ipated therefore Practitioners are wont to prescribe unto them Meats solid and of a clammy substance as the Feet of Living Creatures The flesh of Snails Crabbs Tortoises and of Froggs For seeing these sorts of flesh are moist and clammy they easily adhere unto such Parts of the body as want nourishments neither are they easily consumed by the Feaverish heat and so they hinder the drying up of the solid Parts of the body Yet some do reject these Meats because hard of digestion and troubleâ—om to the stomach But this difference is thus reconciled In the beginning of an Hectick while the digestive faculty is yet strong these thick and clammy nutriments are convenient but in a confirmed Hectick they are not to be given because hard to digest Add hereunto that they may be so prepared and qualified as that they may easily be digested as by being boyled to a gelly or giving only what is strained out of them being beaten into a mash Among other things the land Tortoises are mightily praised for an Hectick not only for a single Hectick but when Joyned with a Consumption and they are prepared divers waies For either they are boyled in Water till they are dissolved then casting away the shells the flesh is separated from the bones and boyled again with Cichory Sorrel Borrage French barley and prunes in a single Hectick but in an Hectick of the Lungs it is Boiled with Bramble Leaves Purslain and Plantan Let the Patient drink the broath and eat the Flesh twenty daies together Or the Juyce is pressed out of the Flesh being beaten Or little Loaves are made of the Flesh of the Tortoises boiled in Barley Water with sweet Almonds pine kernells the cooling Seeds and Sugar Which are lightly baked in an Oven and are given the Patient at Dinner and Supper They may be thus made Take of the Flesh of Land-Tortoise Boyled in Barly-Water four ounces sweet Almonds steeped in rose-Rose-water six ounces Pine-Kernells so steeped two ounces of the four greater cool Seeds of each one ounce Annis Seed not Poudered but lightly baked in an Oven one dram and an half Cinnamon two drams Sugar dissolved in Rose-Water to the Quantity of all the rest Make thereof little Morsells Instead of Tortorises the Flesh of a Capon is used and of a Partridg and March-Pane is made thereof good to restore Hectick Persons after this Manner Take Pulpe of a Capon and Boyled Partridg of each three ounces sweet Almonds steaped in Rose-Water four ounces Pine-Kernells one ounce and an half Seeds of white Poppy two drams Gum Arabickand Traganth of each one dram and an half Pearled Sugar Cakes two ounces with a little Rose-Water make a March-pane and gild it with Gold To such as have weak stomachs Gellies broaths and Restorative stilled Waters are given A Gelly may be made after this Manner Take a choise Capon a Knuckle of Veal or a Wethers Thigh two Calves Feet or six Wethers Feet Boyl all in fountan Water till it be â—ufficiently wasted Strain and squeese out the Juyce and Broath and take off the Fat. In the strained Liquor dissolve a pound of white Sugar six whites of Eggs a little saffron or Cinnamon Stir them together let them Boyl lightly and strain them through an Hippocras bag twice or thrice At length put it into Porrengers or other Vessels in which it will become a Gelly If the tast of Saffron or Cinnamon be displeasing or you desire to have your Gelly more cooling add instead thereof the Juyce of a Lemmon or of one Citron Restorative Broths may be made divers waies this is far the best of all which follows Take a well fleshed Capon pull draw and cut him in pieces and take away the fat and skin add if you please some Veal or Weather Mutton cut into bits and freed from the Fat Put them into a stone Vessel well glazed in which about the middle there must be a grate of Wood or other materials on which the pieces aforesaid must be so laied that they may not come at the bottom Then cover the Pipkin with its cover and close it up well with paste and let it stand in boyling Balneo Mariae five hours There will drop into the bottom a cleer transparent Liquor of which three of four spoonfuls may be given in Broth or by it self three or four times in a day Such Distillations of Flesh by Descent are very convenient for Hectical Persons but those that are made by Ascent although they refresh the Spirits yet do they very little nourish neither do they restore the solid substance of the Body Let the Patients Drink be Barley Water either by it self or with Syrup of Vinegar or Pomegranates mingled therewith or Water in which a piece of Bread hath been boyled sweetened with a little Sugar But if the Patients Stomach be very weak weak Wine wel allaied with Water may be allowed which helps the concoction and distribution of Nourishment Galen Meth. 10. Chap. 5 6. gives cold Water with which he boasts he had saved many from the Marasmus Howbeit great Caution is to be used in the giving thereof for when the Body is very much pined away it is to be seared lest the smal
heat of the Patient should be wholly extinguished And therefore it is only good when an Hectick is feared or in the beginning thereof and to such as are accustomed thereunto and while the Body is yet sufficiently ful of blood Motion of the Body is not good but the Patient must be enjoyned to rest howbeit before Meat if strength wil bear it some light exercise wil be good or instead thereof a few light frictions or rubbings may serve turn especially presently after sleep beginning at the inferior parts of the Body for they provoke the Humors outward And the Patient must be rubbed no longer than til a light redness begin to appear upon the Skin for to rub longer would dry the Body Carnal Embracements must be above al things avoided which do very much consume the substance of the Body Let the Patient sleep neither very long nor very little For long sleep encreaseth the heat of the Bowels by the retiring of the Natural warmth inwards too short sleep dries the body more But there is less inconvenience from sleeping a little over largely than too scantily because sleep doth exceedingly moisten which in this Feaver is very much to be desired Let the Patient sleep in a soft bed and that a Flock-bed not a Feather-bed and large enough Let the Patients Linnen be often changed which must be sprinkled with Rose-Water before they be put on If there be Costiveness the Belly must be provoked with a Suppository or a Clyster of Chicken Broth with Barley Mallows and Violet Leaves boyled in it adding Cassia Honey of Roses Butter and the Yolks of Eggs. Finally The Mind must be preserved in peace and cheerfulness avoiding vehement Perturbations as Anger Sadness Fear As for point of Medicaments fit for Hectick Persons they are Internal or External Among Internal in the first place Purgers must be considered and because addition is more necessary than detraction in this Disease Purgers can hardly be convenient unless a putrid Feaver be joyned with the Hectick Yet if the first Region of the Body seem filled with Excrements because of Crudities arising from a weak Stomach Purgation may safely be used with Cassia Manna or Syrup of Roses Nay verily if strength be not deficient the Infusion of Rhubarb may be given with a Decoction of Prunes Tamarinds Myrobalans Bugloss and Violets But Altering Medicines may be reduced into the form of Juleps Broths and Emulsions after this manner Take Waters of Endive Lettice Sorrel of each four ounces Syrup of Violets Water Lillies Apples of each one ounce Mix all into a Julep for three Doses to be taken at several times in one day and to be continued for divers daies together Or Take Whol Barley one pugil Leaves of Endive Cichory Lettice Pimpernel of each one handful Flowers of Borrage Bugloss Violets and Water-lillies of each one Pugil Damask Prunes three pair Boyl all to a pint and an half In the strained Liquor dissolve simple Syrup of Cichory and of Water-lillies of each two ounces Make of all a Julep for four Doses Of the same Simples with a Chicken or a Pullet may be made a Broth for the same use Or Take Roots of China one dram and an half Entire Barley two pugils the four greater cool Seeds half an ounce Beat all together and therewith fill the Belly of a Capon or yong Pullet and make Broth to which add Sugar of Roses half an ounce Let the Patient take of this broth a long time together It restores flesh and fatness Take sweet Almonds blanched and infused in cold Water one ounce the four greater cool Seeds and of white Poppy seeds of each one dram Beat all together in a marble mortar powring on by little and little a pint of barley Water In the strained Liquor dissolve Sugar Cakes made 〈◊〉 Pearl four ounces Make hereof an Almond Milk for three Doses If we be minded more powerfully to cool we must add to every Dose of the Julep or Emulâ—â—â—â— two scruples or one dram of Sal prunella In the use of Refrigerating things this is to be observed That we use not the more 〈…〉 of a sudden or frequently for they might extinguish a weak heat But it is better to 〈…〉 and little than suddenly And Moisteners are alwaies safer than Coolers because they exercâ—â—◠〈◊〉 Operations slowly While the foresaid Remedies are using we must be careful to strengthen the Bowels by a câ—â—â—â—nient Opiate which may be made after this manner Take Conserve of the flowers of Borrage Bugloss and Violets of each one ounce Conserve of the flowers of Water-lilly half an ounce Pouder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum four scruples Shavings of Ivory Bones found in hearts of Stags of each half a dram Pearls prepared and Coral prepared of each one scruple three Leaves of Beaten Gold With Syrup of Apples make of all an Electuary In extream consumption of the Flesh nourishing Clysters are frequently to be injected of the Broth of a Chicken or Weathers Head with Sugar and the Yolks of Eggs. But their Quantity must be smal or else compressing the Guts they wil provoke the Expulsive Faculty to drive them out But among other Medicines most convenient for Hectical Persons Milk is a principal one it being endued with all the qualities which can desired in this Disease namely of cooling and mostening it nourisheth much and is easily distributed into all parts of the Body In the use whereof the same Cautions must be observed which were set down in the Cure of a Consumption Among External Remedies a Bath of fresh Water is principal for it powerfully cools and moistens and relaxeth the external Parts that they may more readily receive Nourishment Among the Ancients the use of Baths was most frequent and there were four parts of the bathing place In the first somwhat warm they put off their Cloaths In the second there was a bathing Vessel of hot Water In the third a bathing Vessel of cold Water In the fourth the Sweatiness and Moisture was dried off Galen in 10. Meth. Chap. 19. doth thus moderate the use of these parts of the Bath That the Patients should be brought into the first part of the Bath which was heated with the vapor of the bath that the pores of their bodies might be opened then being anointed with fresh sweet Oyl they were to be plunged in the hot Water to moisten their bodies and then they were of a sudden to be thrown into the cold Water quickly to be taken out again and to be dried and anointed with Oyl that the pores being closed the moisture may be received from the hot bath might be retained But inasmuch as the Industrious Diligence of the Ancients in the use of bathing is long since out of use and our Practitioners have likewise left this Method of bathing Hectical persons which they judg unsafe seeing it is to be feared lest by the sudden receiving of the cold Water the Patients Body should be hurt and
the Patient not be able to endure the sudden sence of contrary qualities So that our Practitioners do more advisedly and more compendiously whiles they conveigh the Patients into a bath of Water moderately hot in the morning after a stool procured by Nature or by Art and two or three hours after they have eaten some broth or milk or the Yolks of Eggs wherein they abide solong till it grow luke-warm of it self and at last cold For seeing Galen conceives the use of a cold hath after an hot to be so necessary that without it the hot bath doth no good the use of a cold bath is supplied if the Patients stay so long in the bath til of it self it grow luke-warm and cold But this Caution is to be observed That whereas a three-sold quality may be had in the same bath the Patient must abide in the hot a little while in the luke-warm longer in the cold least of al. And although the Ancients were wont to make their baths of simple Water yet is it good to make them more moistening by boyling therein Emollient and moistening Herbs as Mallows Marth-mal-lows Violet Leaves c. or with barley and beaten Almonds especially in the Summer because a bath of Decoction of Herbs is sooner corrupted After bathing the sick is softly to be wiped with hot Cloaths then to be anointed with Oyl of Violets sweet Almonds with fresh Butter and after some time of rest let the Patient eat some broth or other food A bath of Water and Oyl is exceedingly cried up by Zacutus Lusitanus in the 35. Observation of his third Book of wonderful Cures where with he saies a yong woman was cured when a bath of simple Water and Goats Milk could not help The reason of which great good he renders to be this Because bath made of fresh Water with store of Oyl in it doth soften the distended stiff parts doth moisten the dry and withered and by opening the pores obstructed and through dryness contracted it draws the Nourishment to the outmost and most distant parts of the body When the Patient cannot use baths apply an Epithem to the Heart and Liver in this manner compounded Take Waters of Roses Water-lillies and Purslain of each three ounces Juyce of Pome-Granates an ounce Pouder of Diamargaritum frigidum two drams Bones out of the Stags Heart one scruple Camphire four grains Make an Epithem for the Heart Take Waters of Endive Lettice Cichory of each three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce the three Sanders of each two scruples Burnt Ivory one scruple Make an Epithem to be applied to the Liver Also the Region of the Liver may be anointed with Oyntment of Roses or Ceratum Santalinum But Oyls and Unguents must be sparingly used because they may somtimes encrease the Feaver Among the Symptomes which are wont to come upon this Disease the chief is a Loosness which is wont to bring the Patients to their death This is to be bridled with a Decoction of French-barley toasted for their ordinary drink Syrup of Quinces dried Roses Chalybeate Milk Rice boyled in Milk and such like SECT II. Of Putrid Feavers The PREFACE PVtrid Feavers are divided into Continual or intermitting The continual Putrid Feavers are generated when a putrid Vapor or a preternatural Heat which ariseth from putrefied Humors doth perpetually afflict the Heart and stirs up therein a continual Heat from whence likewise is perpetually diffused a Feaverish Heat into the whol body But the intermitting Feavers are caused when the said Vapors are carried unto the Heart only at certain distances of time Continual Feavers are again divided into Essential and Primary or Symptomatical Those are called Essential and Primary which spring from a putrefaction inflamed in the common Veins and not in any particular part of the Body Those are Symptomatical that arise from the putrefaction or suppuration of som particular part inflamed out of which part by communion of the Vessels a putrid vapor may continually be carried unto the Heart Such feavers are seen in the Pleurisie Inflamation of the Lungs Inflamation of the Liver and in the Inflamation of other Internal Parts Again the Primary continual Feavers are two-fold for some are without any Exacerbation or Fits and remission but continue alike from the beginning to the end and are called Sunochi or Continentes But others have manifest Exacerbations or fits and remissions and are called Sunecheis or Continuae by the name of the kind And these again from the difference of their Exacerbations or fits and remissions are divided into three sorts For some are called continual Tertians which have their Exacerbations or fits every third day others continual Quotidians that are exasperated every day others continual Quartans that are exasperated every fourth day The intermitting Feavers or Agues are likewise divided into Tertians Quotidians and Quartans according as their Fits are wont to return every third every fourth or every day There are other Differences of Feavers likewise which are either Accidental or arise from the Composition of those aforesaid all which we shall Particularly and briefly Explain Chap. 1. Of Continual Putrid Feavers ALthough there are divers sorts of a continual putrid Feaver yet have I determined to describe the Cure of them all together because in a manner the same Remedies are suitable to all of which some differ only in more or less and are accordingly to be varied which depends more upon the Judgment of a Physitian and his Dexterity attained by Practice than upon particular Precepts Yet shall I as neer as I can observe what is peculiar to every sort of Feaver in its peculiar place Feavers Putrid Continual and Primary or Essential are wont to be bred of the putrefaction of Humors which are contained in the Veins and greater Arteries And according to the various Nature of putrefying Humors several Species do arise Synochus Putrida is distinguished with no fits or exacerbations but its whol time is taken up as it were with one fit which reaches from the beginning to the end of the Disease and of this as of a simple Feaver there are made three differences The first whereof is that which continues all alike during from the beginning to the end The second is that which encreases by degrees The third is that which decreases by little and liâ—tle The first is named Acmastica or Homotonos and it happens when the whol course of the Disease the manner of putrefaction is one and the same The second is called Epacmastica when more putrefies than is dissipated The third is called Paracmastica when less putrefies than is dissipated Yet allthough these kind of Feavers do perpetually increase or decrease or keep the same Tenor yet doth not this hinder but that they have four times if they terminate in health but some have them longer others shorter if they be considered according to the vehemency of the Symptomes So that which is called Homotonos hath a very breif beginning and
Body Howbeit the sick must be covered only with light and soft Coverings and not loaded with over many blankers or Rugs also the Feather-bed must be taken away and a flock-bed put in place upon which also in the extremity of Summer a covering of Leather wil conveniently be laid on Let the bed be wide that the sick may change place therein Let the Patients Linnen Shifts be often changed contrary to the vulgar opinion provided they be not newly washed nor smel of Soap and that the Time of the Crisis be not at hand in which nothing is to be stirred least the motion of Nature be hindred and disturbed The Sun-beams are to be kept out of the Patients Chamber and store of Company is to be avoided Water is often to be powred out of one Vessel into another in the sick Persons chamber The Pavement of the Chamber is to be sprinkled with Water Vinegar and Rose-Water mingled or with cooling Herbs and flowers as Vine Leaves Willow Leaves Leaves of Water Lillies Flags Roses and flowers of Violets and of Water Lilly which must be kept at hand in good Quantities in a cool place and be often fresh sprinkled and strowed about the Patients Chamber for when these Herbs and flowers are dried they heat the Chamber If the Chamber be cold as in winter it must be a little tempered with a fire avoiding Smoak Howbeit in flegmatick Feavers the Air must be Moderately hot and dry As for Point of Nourishment the Diet ought to be thin and spare in acute Feavers And therein the Antients were so severely diligent as to place the greatest Part of the Cure in ordering the Diet enjoyning such as were sick of a most acute Feaver to keep a most thin and slender Diet and giving them nothing but a ptisan drink of Barley Water as most convenient for persons in a Feaver seeing it cooles and Moistens withal extenuating and opening and hindering no Evacuation And they had two kinds of Ptisans One simply so called or whol Ptisan not strained the other was strained which we cal Barley Cream Barley clensed of the Husks boyled in sair Water to a Consistency or Pottage is the whol Ptisan this being strained with pressing is called Cream or Juyce of Barley But in our Times at least in our Country by the refractoryness of Women who fear nothing but that the sick person shal be starved as al their care in a manner is to cram their Children with meat like Pudding Bags how empty their Brains be of wit or their Hearts of Grace and wisdome matters not and the Indulgence of Physitians who the best of them smel too strong of the Mountebank it is grown into a fashion in al Feavers yea the most acute and violent to allow the sick at al times broaths of the flesh and Hens Chicken Capons mutton and that for the most Part they give every third or at most every fourth hour And in the Summer the flesh of a pullet kid or Lamb is added to the former Diet. And somtimes again broaths are made of nothing but a chick with cooling Herbs as Lettice Endive Sorrel and Purslan Or to ordinary broaths is added Juyce of Oranges Lemmons or Pome-Granats when the heat of the Feaver is very great or the putrefaction very intense Moreover in Feavers not so very acute Panadaes are given twice or thrice in a day made of washed bread and broath Also Barley broaths are somtimes used of the Ptisan of the Antients being strained with the broath of the flesh aforesaid and Sugar or without broath adding sweet Almonds But these for the most Part do oppress the stomach and therefore the use of simple broaths and Panadaes seems more convenient Howbeit very profitable it it to boyl a little Barley with flesh and thereof to make broaths In long Feavers a fuller Diet is fitting of the flesh of Chickens Veal Hens and Pullets Capons Partridges Mutton or of the Juyce pressed out of them Gellies made with them and such like Concerning the time of giving the Patients meat this is principally to be observed that they never eat in the time of the Exacerbation or fit but in the time of the Feaver But if the Exacerbation be very long let the Patient eat in the declination thereof For drink the Ptisan of the later Physitians made of the Decoction of Barley with Liquoris is usually given in all Feavers To which if the Feavers be very burning may be added a little Lettice Sorrel Tamarinds But more ordinarily are added the Roots of Grass or Sorrel which makes the Water look of an Elegant Colour like Wine But in long Feavers may be added sweet fennel Roots Parsley Roots Annis Seed Coriander Seed or Cinnamon as oft as the stomach through weakness is offended with drinking Take of the ordinary Ptisan-drink of Barley and Liquoris two pints spirit of sulphur as much as shall suffice for to make it pleasantly tart Harts-Horn burnt till it be white one ounce Let the Patient use it for ordinary drink shaking the Vessel before it be powred forth Also Water that hath had a peice of bread boyled in it either by it self or sweetned with Sugar is good or mingled with a little Vinegar or Water alone boyled to take away the Cruditie wherewith somtimes a little Suger is mixed and somtimes a little of the Juyce of Lemmons Pomgranats Barberries Cherries or of their Syrups or as much spirit of sulphur or Vitriol as may serve for a great full Acidity or a little Sal Prunellae if need be of potent refrigeration Water is commended wherein are steeped Tamarinds Berberies or Prunes A Decoction of french Prunes is very pleasing to the tast Or Barley is boyled with Tamarinds and towards the End the broath is Aromatized with yellow Sanders and Cinnamon Which drink doth not only Quench thirst but loosens the belly and cools and strengthens the Liver Take Sugar eight ounces Sal Prunellae one ounce Make it into a Pouder to be taken with the Patients ordinary drink Whereunto if thirst be extream the spirit of vitriol may be added Touching spirit of Vitroil and of Sulphur this is diligently to be observed that in putrid Feavers the use thereof is great because they have a mighty cooling opening and putrefaction quelling faculty prohibit the Inflamation of the Humors and quench thirst Howbeit in the Pleurisy Inflamation of the Lungs Spitting of blood Consumption of the Lungs and other Diseases thereof unles they spring from thick flegm stopping the Vessels thereof Inflamation of the stomach Dysentery or bloody flux Pissing of blood Ulcers of the Kidneys and Bladder they do very much hurt and therefore we must abstain form them In Feavers arising from very thin and hot Choller or Joyned with a sharp thin distillation sharp things are not convenient but rather such as gently thicken as Syrup of Violets of dried red Roses with Barly Water or Bread boyld-Water or simple Water boyled or smal beer mixed therewith Where
Region of the Liver may likewise be anointed with this following Oyntment which also may be applied to the Reins and Loins Take Oyntment of Roses one ounce and an half Ceratum Santalinum one ounce Juyce of Endive one ounce and an half Oyl of Roses and Wax as much as shall suffice to make a Liniment Whereunto add a little Vinegar of Roses at the time of anointing Also cooling things are profitably applied to the stones because of the great consent between them and the principal parts of the body they therfore being cooled the heat of the whol body is in great measure extinguished To which purpose such an Epithem as this following may be made Take Waters of waterlilly Plantain Roses and Cichory of each three ounces Vineger of Roses one ounce and half White wine two ounces Mix all and dip a cloath therein cold and warp the same about the Stones Also the cooling of the hands and feet doth great good because of the Consent they have with the whol body by reason of the Arteries Veins and Nerves which end in those parts Neither need we fear least it should hinder the voidance of excrements by the pores because they are few that come that way so that there comes more good than hurt by the cooling of those parts The Patients may therefore hold in their hands balls of marble Ivory Brafs or Lead Or they may hold their hands in cold Water with a little Wine and Vineger mingled therewith To the soales of their Feet may be applied the Leaves of Lettice of Water Lilly wet in Water and Vineger Or to wash both Hands and Feet the following Decoction may be provided Take Leaves of Lettice Violets House-Leek Purslain Vine Leaves and Willow-Leaves of each one handful Heads or Leaves of Poppy if the Patient rest not an handful Vineger one ounce white Wine two ounces Fountain Water as much as shal suffice Make of al a Decoction Hereunto may be added if you please a little Quantity of Lie for to strengthen the Joynts Herewith let the Hands and Arms the Legs and Thighs of the Patient be washed warm twice in a day or once at bed time We are furthermore to note that the Antients frequently used baths of fresh Water to cure putrid Feavers as we may see in Galen in his Book de Marcore Cap. 7. and in the 11. of his Method Chap. 9. and 20. and in his 1. to Glauco Chap. 9. and those baths were either cold in a vehement Feaver such as is an exquisite burning Feaver or Blood warm in the declination of Feavers when the signs of Concoction appeared But in this Age of ours these kind of baths cannot be used without danger and they are convenient only in one Case viz. when the Feavers become very lasting and possessing a body hot and dry and lean seems likely to turn to an Hectick And onething yet more I shal ad for a Conclusion of all that if the Feaver terminate with some Crisis the reliques of the Morbifick matter must be taken away with a Purge especially if the Crisis were by way of Sweat or bleeding For by those Evacuations only the thinner portion of the matter is voided forth but the thicker being left behind as afresh inflamed and brings the Patient into a Relaps Only therefore that Critical Evacuation which is wont to proceed by way of Stool is secure from a Relaps Yet must we not so confide therein as to abstain usually from al Purgation For the Parts about the Midriff are yet foul and do corrupt the nutriment which comes into those Quarters from whence proceeds either a relapse into the former or some new Disease Therefore it is for the best way as some latter Physitians have observed by repeating once and again a gentle Purge so to clense away al the remainders of the morbifick Cause that all fear of a Relapse and al occasion of another Disease may be taken away Chap. 2. Of the Symptomes which accompany Putrid Feavers ALL Authours in a manner who have writ of Feavers have described those Symptoms which either accompany or follow upon them with their Cures at the end of their work that so they might be best accommodated to al kinds of Feavers Which Counsel of their though I shal not disallow yet I have thought it much more commodious for the service of Practitioners to Joyn them immediately after the Doctrin of putrid Feavers seeing in those kind of Feavers they are wont to be most vehement and frequent and require peculiar Remedies So that although very many Symptoms are wont to be Cured by the Remedies aforesaid accommodated to the Cause and the Disease yet very many there are more offensive than the Disease it self which are here breifly to be discribed Head-ach Want of Sleep and Ravings are Cured in a manner with the self same remedies viz. Revellers repellers derivers resolvers and anodines Revellers are emollient Clysters and such as are Laxative Gentle Purgations Blood-letting Cupping-Glasses and washing the Feet Repellers are frontals Vinegars Roses Unguents Or Liniments Derivers are opening of the forehead Vein and Vesicatories Resolvers are certain Oyls and certain Live Creatures applied to the Head which likewise are Anodines And while the foresaid Remedies are used Juleps are given and Emulsions to temper and qualifie hot and sharp Humors After all these come narcotick Medicines which are not to be used but upon extream necessity when other things wil do no good The matter of al which Medicaments is set down in our Chapters of the Phrensy and Head-ach proceeding from an hot Cause But in the administration of the said Medicaments one thing must be diligently noted that they be not to be used when the Crisis of the Feaver is near for they would then disturb the motion of Nature and hinder the Crisis Which is to be understood as of al the rest so more especially of the narcoticks Against want of sleep and Ravings a Cataplasm laid to the Soals of the Feet wil be very good being made of fresh gourds beaten the Leaves of the larger HouseLeek of Lettice and such like As also to wash the Feet with a Decoction of refrigerating Herbs For by this means the Coldness is communicated through the Nerves unto the Brain Convulsions in Feavers especially Malignant ones do somtimes happen by reason of Malignant Vapors which vex and fret the Skins which cover the Brain called Meninges Against which convulsion fits we must use revelling Clysters and Cupping-Glasses also often give in Juleps or broaths Epileptick Pouders and finally anoint the Patients Back-bone with Oyl of Chamomel Violets Sweet Almonds and of the Jndian Nut. When profound sleep happens to such as are in Feavers the same Remedies are given which have been described in the Cure of sleepy Diseases only observing this one thing that we give no very hot Medicine inward The thirst of Persons Feaverish is cheifly allaied with refrigerating and moistening drinks But if thirst be so
Violent that moderate drinking cannot asswage it and to drink over much doth much hurt and oft times endangers the Patients Life we must by other means deceive and asswage the same First therefore let the Patients draw in the cold Air and abide in Silence not speaking a word let them keep their mouths close and breath through their Nostrils and give themselves to sleep Let them wash their mouths with Barley Water Blood-warm or with Water wherein hath been boyled Jujubees Sebestens Prunes Lettice Purslain and such like Let them hold in their Mouths a peice of Liquoris Scraped and steeped in Vineger and Water or let them wash their Mouths with Barley Water either simple or with a little Vineger in it or a little Juyce of Lemons Pomegranats or a little spirit of Vitriol Or let them hold in their mouths the Kernels of Pomegranats or a Slice of a Citron or a Lemmon or an Orange Steeped in Rose-Water with Sugar or Stalks of Lettice Endive or Purslain Leaves of Sorrel Bits of a Gourd Cowcumber or Melon first Steeped in cold Water Or Acid Cherries or red Currence or Res-berries or Tamarinds or a peice of Chrystal or the Stones of sharp Prunes upon which a little of the Pap Hangs and such like Also Sugar Dissolved in Rose-Water with a little spirit of Vitriol and dried again is very good to quench thirst If thirst cannot be taken away with these lighter things they must be permitted to drink not in the beginnings of the Exacerbations or fits nor in the Augment but very spareingly but in the Vigor and especially when it is towards declining for then large allowance of drink doth carry the heat outwards and somtimes moves sweat especially in the fits of Agues in the declination of which it is many times good for the Patient to drink unto satiety Several Materials convenient to make Drinks in these kind of Feavers are set down in the foregoing Chapter But if thirst be caused by a Chollerick Humor contained in the Stomach the said Humor must be voided by Vomit or Stool Vomit may be procured if the Patient be Stomach-sick with an ounce and an half of Syrup of Vinegar Simple with five ounces of Barley Water or of the Decoction of Rhadishes If that will not do purge the Patient with a Bolus of one ounce of the pulp of Cassia and three drams of the pulp of Tamarinds or with two ounces of Manna dissolved in a Decoction of Prunes or Tamarinds or the following Potion may be given Take Cassia new drawn six drams Mucilage of the seeds of Flea-bane half an ounce the Decoction of Barley Prunes and Tamarinds four ounces Syrup of Roses one ounce Mix all into a Potion The Heat Dryness and Roughness of the Tongue and Throat is cured by divers Remedies apapplied to those parts and contained in the mouth compounded after this manner Take of the Mucilage of Quince seeds one ounce the seeds of Mallows half an ounce Pouder of Diatragacanthum frigidum and Sugar Candy of each one dram white Sugar as much as shall suffice Make of all a Lohoch Or Take of the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds or Quince seeds extracted with Rose Water or Lettice Water half an ounce Syrup of Violets Lemmons or Pomegranates an ounce and an half mix them Let the Patients take now and then a little and bold it in their mouths Or Take Cucumer seeds half an ounce Quince seeds two drams Gum Tragacanth one dram and an half Beat the seeds and dissolve the Gums in the white of an Egg. Mix all and make thereof little Cakes for the Patients to hold in their mouths Or Take Seeds of Fleabane and of Quinces of each one dram and an half Gum Tragacanth half a dram Sugar Candy three drams With Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth make all into little Cakes Or with a thin Rag make Nodules which shall be steeped in Rose Water and held in the Patients Mouth If the roughness be very hard to remove make a Gargarism of the Decoction of Barley Roots of Marsh-mallows Leaves of Lettice Purslain Violet flowers adding thereto Honey of Roses Syrup of Violets or Sugar Candy or Oxymel simple and such like If filth cleaves to the Tongue as it most times happens it must be oftentimes wiped with a rough Cloth dipped in a mixture of Water and Vinegar Whereunto also somtimes may be added the Juyce of Housleek and Sal prunella If the Heat be more vehement with great blackness of the Tongue more refrigerating Medicines must be mixt with the moistening ones after this manner Take Juyce of Lettice Housleek and Lemmons of each an ounce Mucilage of Quince seeds and Sugar Candy of each half an ounce white Sugar as much as shall suffice Make all into a Lohoch Or Take Green Housleek one handful Vinegar of Roses three ounces Barley Water one pint Boyl all till the third part be wasted away In the strained Liquor dissolve of Sal prunella one dram and an half Allum a scruple Syrup of Violets and Mulberries of each one ounce Make of all a Gargarism Or Sal prunella alone may be dissolved in Housleek Water and the Tongue and Throat washed therewith which is very good also some Portion thereof may be swallowed to cool the mouth of the Stomach when it is likewise inflamed Also outwardly let the Neck and Throat be anointed with Oyl of Violets and fresh butter washed in Rose Water with which the Throat being as it were scorched and parched may be moistened For Cooling the Oyntment of Roses and Galens cooling Oyntment may be used with others of like Nature But the Leaves of Lettice and Purslain being bruised and enclosed between two Linnen Cloths and so applied to the Neck and Throat are much more effectual Also those kind of Bugs which we call Sows may be bruised and laid on in the same manner In great Heat of the Breast such as is wont to happen in Feavers the whol Breast must be anointed with Oyl of Violets Water-lillies and of sweet Almonds Yea and if the Heat be very vehement Fomentations ought to be applied to the said part made of a Decoction of French barley Lettice Water-Lillies Borrage Violets and such like after which irrigations ought to be used of the Oyls aforesaid Seeing that according to the Prescript of Galen and Avicenna in such like Feavers great care is to be had of the breast as of the Furnace of Heat Now these kind of Remedies according to the Rule of Trallianus are seldom to be cold because they drive the Heat inward nor luke-warm because they relax but such things ought to be applied to the breast as are actually hot and potentially cold Pain in the Loyns is caused in Feavers by hot and plentiful blood boyling and working in the Vena Cava and it must be eased by Emollient Clysters and Cooling and Emulsions made of the Cold Seeds adding Sal Prunella and by anointing the Loyns with Galens Cooling Oyntment with Juyce of the
on the Well-day but without sweating Somtimes also the Length of Tertian Agues arises from the evil disposition of some of the Bowels especially of the Liver and Melentery which cannot be Cured by purgations though never so oft repeated because that evil Quality remaining stil in the Liver causes new Morbifick Matter daily to breed which produces new Fits Which evil Disposition or Quality of the Bowels is taken away by Diureticks Sudorosicks and other resolving Medicaments With which faculties these following simples are endued viz. Wormwood Centory Carduuâ— Roots of Dictamnus of pimpernel Tormentil c. Of which are made Decoctions Pouders and such like which must be given for divers daies together before the Fit A dram of Uenice Treacle is ordinarily given with white Wine before the Fit three times one after another Some give a walnut preserved in Sugar or Honey after the same manner When the Heat of Uenice Treacle is feared it is at first given by it self and a draught of Plantain-Water is given after it My Master Varandaeus did often use this as a Specifick Medicine A Cup of Hippocras given before the Fit wil work the same effect with which pleasant Medicine many have been Cured Yet must it carefully be observed that these remedies must not be given till the Patient hath been diligently Purged Zechius Frequently used these following Pils which are most effectual for opening Obstructions strengâ—hening the Liver and taking away the distempers of the Bowels Take Treches of Rhubarb of Eupatorium and of Wormwood of each half a dram Pouder of Diarrhodon Abbatis one scruple with Syrup of Wormwood make a Mass of Pils Of which let the Patient take one dram in the morning three daies together drinking after them a draught of Broath made with Cichory and Maiden-Hair Montanus was wont to give many daies together a scruple of Troches of Rubarb or of Wormwood with Broath in which Barley Parseley Roots Cichory and Borrage have Boyled Let the Region of the Liver be anointed morning and evening before Meals with a Liniment made of two ounces of Ceratum Santalinum Juyce of Cichory half an ounce Juyce of Wormwood two drams and a little Vinegar of Roses In lâ—ke manner let the Region of the stomach be anointed with this Liniment Take Nard Oyl Oyl of Wormwood and of Quinces of each half an ounce Gallia Moschata one scruple white Wax as much as shall be requisite Make al into a Liniment Besides the Medicaments hitherto propounded which respect a regular and Methodical Cure there are many other specifick and Empirick Medicaments both internal and external both commended by Practitioners and frequently used by the common People out of the almost infinite number whereof I shal here set down such as are the choicest And among these Medicines may be reckoned such things as were before propounded to amend the evil Quality of the Liver and Mesentery which is wont to make long Agues whereunto these things following may profitably be added And in the first place Spirit of Sulphur in a Legitimate Tertian or one very neer Legitimate after bleeding and Purging being given with Purslain Water in the vigor of the Fit doth powerfully extinguish the heat of the Feaver and if the Humor be thin drives the same out by sweat that there remaines no matter for a new Fit and so is the Disease Somtimes pluckt up by the Roots It is given from half a scruple to a scruple with four ounces of Purslain Water And somtime the said spirit is mingled with Salt of Wormwood which is also of great Efficacy in the Cure of Agues the Composition is thus Take Salt of Wormwood half a dram Spirit of Sulphur a scruple Carduus Water four ounces Mix them Let the Patient take it when the Fit Approaches and he covered with many Cloathes Some Affirm that the Juyce of Plantain Clarified and drunk to the Quantity of four ounces an hour before the Fit doth Cure a Tertian Ague Some give it with Vineger and Saffron after this manner Take of the Juyce of Plantain four ounces Vinegar of Roses half an ounce Saffron three grains Mix them and give the Patient to drink two hours before the Fit Manardus prefers a Decoction of Chamomel or the distilled Water thereof to the Quantity of four ounces two hours before the Fit A Medicine commonly used and often successful is a little Potion made of Rose-Water Plantain Water and Aqua Vita of each a spoonful given before the Fit These following are outwardly applied Take Leaves of Hyssop and Tansie cut smal of each a pugil Mirrh two drams Mace Nutmegs Cloves and Cinnamon of each half a dram Venice Turpentine and Juyce of Tansey of each one ounce Mix all and spread them upon a Rose-Cake fried in a frying Pan with Canary Wine which being covered with a Linnen Cloath must be applied hot to the Region of the stomach an hour before the Fit Or Take Wormwood and Green Mint of each a pound Crust of Bread toasted and steeped in Vinegar half a pound pulp of Quinces or Conserve of Quinces made with Honey two ounces Mastich half an ounce Mace and Nutmeg of each two drams Let al be beaten and lustily wrought together with Oyl of Quinces Make hereof a Cataplasm to be applied before the Fit It provokes sweat and takes away the Pains of the stomach Or Take Nutmeg Cloves Cinnamon of each three drams Mirrh and Ginger of each two drams Make al into a Pouder mix it with Liquid Pitch and make thereof a Plaister for the stomach Also this following Cataplasm may profitably be applied to the Liver Take white Sanders and Red of each one dram Barley Meal two drams Aloes half an ounce Flowers of Violets and Roses dried of each one dram With Juyce of Wormwood and Vinegar make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Region of the Liver one hour before the Fit Neither are those Medicines wholly to be rejected which the common people are wont to apply unto the Wrists of such as have Agues For not only the Opinion of People is hereby satisfied who conceive that many are cured with these Remedies but somwhat they may effect by communicating their vertues unto the Heart by those notable Arteries which are scituate in the Wrists The chief of which kind of Medicines are these that follow Take Leaves of Plantane Celondine the great of each one handful Cobwebs Nettle Seeds Soot from the Chimney and common Salt of each one dram the strongest Vinegar as much as shall suffice Make of all a Cataplasm to be applied to the Wrists a little before the fit and to be repeated fresh three or four times Mous-Ear beaten with Salt and Vinegar is by some accounted of great efficacy being applied to the Wrists before the fit Of some the smallest sort of Housleek or Mous-teat is commended being used after the same manner Others commend the Leaves of Shepheards-purse beaten with Salt and Vinegar Platerus applies unto the Wrists
Dates Pine-kernels are good And finally to Spice their Meats let them use Cinnamon Nutmeg and Saffron Let the Patient abstain from Meats which are thick of substance and clammy and are long in passing through such as the Flesh of Swine Beef Deer Hares and Water fowl from Pease and Beans Colewort Course Branny Bread Cheese Nuts Walnuts and Chastnuts from Flesh much Salted or dried in the Smoak from fruits Raw Herbs from Vinegar Verjuice because they are thought as al other sowr things to ferment Mellancholy and make it work Let their drink be smal Ale or bear of moderate strength and meanly hopped neither new nor hard Pure and wel Clarifiedwhite Wine or Claâ—ret that is not strong with Water in which the Bark of Tamarisk or the Leaves of Egrimony have been steeped or a Decoction of Salsa Parilla or Barley Water that hath Steel quenched in it Let them eat sparingly no more than may barely preserve strength for too larg feeding breeds crudities which makes the Disease of long continuance But above al they must be very spare in drinking because nothing makes this Disease more rebellious and hard to Cure than over much drink and moist things for they fil and Swel the spleen Crato forbids al use of drink in the fit which to forbear doth much as he saies help the Cure On the fit-day the Patient must eat six hours before the sit comes And afterward nothing must be taken til the fit be over Long sleep is good because it moistens but it must be forborn in the beginning of the Fit On the daies of Intermission light exercise before Meat is good or in place thereof frictions of the whol Body after the Patient hath been at Stool If thee Patient be costive a Clyster or Suppository must be given Finally let the Patient be as cheerful as may be and avoid sadness The Patients Diet being thus ordered first a gentle Purgation must be administred by a Clyster and a purging Medicament the Clyster may be thus Made Take Roots of Bugloss two ounces of the four Emollient Herbs mercury and beetes of each one handful Fat Damask Prunes five Pair of the four larger cool Seeds and Annis Seed of each two drams Epithymum three drams Boyl all to a pint and an half in the strained Liquor dissolve Catholicum one ounce Oyl of Violets and Chamomel of each one ounce and an half Red Sugar one ounce Make of all a Clyster which must be given the day before the following Potion at a seasonable time Take Senna half an ounce Annis Seed a dram Leaves of Borrage and Fumitory of each one handful Liquoris three drams Boyl all to three ounces in the strained Liquor dissolve Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make all into a potion Galen in I. ad Glauco Ch 11. Bids us give only gentle and benign Medicaments in the beginning of this Ague otherwise it is to be seared that if we use stronger Medicaments of a simple Quartan we shal make a double a triple or a Continual Feaver After the first Purge aforsaid Blood must be drawn from the Basilica Vena of the left Arm. Yet if the Liver be affected it may be drawn from the right Arm. And their Opinion is Ridiculous who say that we must expect Concoction before we let Blood because then the Blood will be more thin and apt to flow for it is better digested and prepared if first some Quantity thereof be taken away Neither must we give eare to them which say that Blood-letting is not to be allowed of in a Quarran Ague unless redundancy of Blood do shew it self by the Swelling of the Veins and by other signs For there is evermore at the beginning a Plethora ad Vires viz. Such a fullness of Blood as the Strength of the Patient cannot mannage unless a Quartan do follow some other long Feaver But that Precept of Galen formerly mentioned in I. ad Glauconem is worthy of al Commendation which saies that if the Blood which first comes away be Black and impure that then the greater Quantity is to be taken away but if it be Red and Pure little must be taken and the Patient must not be let Blood any more The wel daies are fittest both for Bleeding and purging Yet some let Blood upon the fit day five or six hours before the Fit which is not Ammis because the Humors beginning then to be moued are more easily drawn out Zacutus Lusitanus saies that it is very good to let Blood when the Moon is in the ful For then by reason of the Moons influence that earthy Melancholick Humor doth Boyl and become more fluid and Apt to come away with bleeding And he doth Testifie that many have by bleeding at that time been helped and some perfectly cured who could not by any other means receive Help But Botallus contrary to the mind of Galen and al other Physitians doth aver that frequent Blood-letting doth cure the Quartan Ague yea when it threatens a Dropsie and he endeavours to confirm his Opinion by reasons and examples Which notwithstanding is to be rejected as a Paradox seeing the Refrigeration of the whol Body caused by much Beeding makes the Morbisick matter more thick and contumacious The flux of the Hemorrhoids is very good in Quartan Agues and many are thereby Cured For seeing the Hemorrhoid Veins are branches of the Mesaraick Veins in which the matter of this Disease is conteined when they are opened they Evacuate the immediate cause of this Disease If therefore a flux of the Hemorrhoids happens in such as have been accustomed thereunto it must not be stopped If it be too sparing it must be furthered As also if Nature seem to incline that way which is known by itching of the Fundament and by some drops of blood coming that way the Blood must be made to come by application of Leeches But in such as have not been used to have their Hemorrhoid Veins opened after bleeding in the Arm it is good to let them blood in the Ankle Vein by which oftentimes the Ague ceases or at least that Bleeding with other Remedies will hasten the Cure especially in Women whose Courses are stopt or flow not sufficiently The opening of the Vein between the little Finger and the Ring Finger called Vena Salvatella is approved by the Antients and many later Physitians who said it cures the Quartan Ague But very many others reject this Conceit as being founded upon no reason because the foresaid Vein is a Branch issuing from the Arm Veins Yet being commended by others with many Experiments I conceive it ought not wholly to be neglected Some hold it ought to be opened in the Conjunction of the Moon with the Sun others when the Moon inclines two hours before the Fit at three several times in three immediately succeeding Fits which in some persons hath happened very well After these first Evacuations we must bend our study to concoct and prepare the
frequently be given which do accustom Nature to expel the hurtful Humors into the Guts and do by little and little bring away some of the morbifick matter contained in the Meseraick Veins The Disease continuing as for the most part it is long and lasting we must somtimes rest and abstain from Physick a month or thereabouts that Nature in the mean time may gather strength be wearied with continual use of Medicaments and may set her self to concoct the morbifick matter And afterward we must return to our Preparatives and Purgatives Howbeit in a long Ague we must not alwaies use the same Medicaments lest Nature be over much used thereunto and the Patient become weary of them Also because from more gentle Aperitives and Purgatives we must pass on to such as are stronger Various sorts of Purgatives have been already propounded And these following Aperitives besides the Apozems aforesaid and the Juleps may be used in the progress of the Disease when the Signs of Digestion begin to appear Take White Wine three pints Enula Campane Roots three ounces Bark of Capar Roots half an ounce Tops of common Wormwood dried one ounce Infuse them three daies in Balneo Mariae Reep all together without straining and give of this Wine to the Patient two or three ounces in the morning two hours before meat And these following Pils may be used either alone or with the said Wine Take Roots of Gentian two drams round Birthwort Roots one dram and an half Mugwort one dram Briony dried three drams Mirrh and Saffron of each one dram Asarum Roots two drams Aloes one ounce With Oxymel of Squils make all into a Mass of Pill-stuf Let a dram be given every day by themselves or a little before the taking of the Wine aforesaid To these Pils Steel prepared may profitably be added if the Patient be able to walk after the taking of them For the use of Steel in all Chronick Feavers is very profitable because it potently opens Contumacious Obstructions which are wont to foster those Diseases Or to open and strengthen at once the following Electuary may profitably be prescribed Take Conserve of Elecampane Roots Conserve of Wormwood and Maiden-hair of each one ounce Preserved Citron Peels half an ounce Confectio Alkermes three drams Preserved Myrobalans two Pouder of Diarrhodon Abbatis two drams Salt of Wormwood and Tamarisk of each one dram Saffron two scruples With Syrup of preserved Citrons make all into an Opiate of which let the Patient take the quantity of a Chestnut every morning two hours before meat Or if in the morning the Patient take some other Medicine then may the Electuary be taken two hours before Supper To the same intent is commended as a most excellent Remedy the Extract of Germander mixt with Salt of Tamarisk made into Pils Add hereunto Discussers and Diaphoreticks which are very useful to discuss the reliques of the declining Disease when signs of Concoction appear For they do not only discuss the said reliques but they do likewise correct that distemper which is bred by so long a Disease and amend the ill habit of the Body and strengthen the Stomach Liver and other Bowels weakened by the length of the Disease Among these Medicaments Venice Treacle challengeth the first place being by older and later Physitians commended to this Use It is given one hour before the fit one dram in weight with Wine or in a Decoction of Germander Or if its heat be feared it may be given with a Decoction of Agrimony or with the Juyce or Water of Plantane This Medicine must be repeated before divers Fits one after another It may also be given in the mornings for some daies together on the well-daies But a little before the fit it operates happily because it hinders the encrease of cold and doth more commodiously discuss the Humor which is cause of the fit now beginning to work in the Veins and by this means it diminisheth the fit and if the morbifick matter be little takes it quite away Here notwithstanding great Caution is to be used lest Treacle or other such hot Medicines should be given when the Humors are yet crude for they dissolve the putrid Humors from whence ariseth a confusion in the Body and an encrease of the Ague Fits so that a single Quartan comes to degenerate into a Double and Triple yea into a Continual Feaver As it happened to Eudemus the Peripatetick as Galen relates in Lib. de Praecog ad Posth Cap. 2. 3. in whom was a single Quartan the Physitians of Rome having given him Treacle unseasonably was changed into a Triple Howbeit afterwards when the Signs of Concoction appeared Galen gave him of the same Treacle and cured him Among other Diaphoreticks some commend the Roots of China and Salsa parilla whos 's first and second Decoction being given twenty daies together doth somtimes cure contumacious Quartans But they work more effectually if with the Primary Decoction Purgatives be mingled Other Remedies are also given before the Fit which are accounted specifical and appropriate to this Ague and being given towards the declination they do very often keep back the fits and cure the Quartan The chief of this sort are these which follow Take Green Leaves of Plantane one handful Green Sorrel half a handful Vinegar and Treacle of each three ounces Distil them and let the Patient take of the distilled Liquor three ounces half an hour before the fit Or Take Sugar-candy three drams Ginger two drams Camphire one dram Make all into a Pouder Give one dram in warm Water Ten Grains of Saffron in pouder given with white Wine before the fit doth much weaken the same Seed of wild Rue given before the Fit in white Wine cures Heurnius assures us that with the following Troches many have been cured even in the Winter with once taking Take Seeds of Rue Parsley Mirrh and new Andromachus Treacle of each one dram Opium half a scruple Make all up into little Cakes or Troches And let the Patient take one of those Cakes in Water before the fit Narcoticks do indeed much abate the fits but unless the greatest part of the morbifick Humor have been before abated and the Obstructions much lessened they may do hurt because they may retain the vitious Humors in the Body and breed Obstructions and other worse Diseases But given in a smal quantity and mingled with things which open and cut as in these Troches they can do less hurt Also to restrain the Fit gentle Purgers are profitably given an hour before it comes which do revel the Humors more by soliciting and provoking Nature than by their purging To which intent such as these which follow are prescribed Take Senna Polipody of the Oak Time Epithimum of each one dram Borrage flowers a pugil Make a Decoction to three ounces Give it an hour before the Fit Or Take Senna three drams Turbith one dram Cinnamon half a dram Saffron and Ginger of each ten grains Sugar
an even balance out of which diversity of influences notwithstanding it could hardly come to pass but that som parcel of things so different should sometiems suffer not in any whol kind oâ— sort which should tend to the destruction of the universe but only in some individuals that were less able to resist and for the most part misaffecred and only in some part of the Air more disposed to receive malignant influences From whence we may conclude that those corruptions doe chiefly depend upon the defect of sublunary bodies forasmuch as many places are in the world where the air is so perfectly constituted and the inhabitants â—o evenly tempered that let never so malignant Influences of Starrs showâ— upon them yet are they never infected whith other pestilence To the same kind of Causes must we refer the Defects and Eclipses of Sun and Moon unusual Meteors and especially Blazing Stars which are never wont to appear but that Epidemical and Pestilential Sicknesses and Divers changes in the World do follow as is Consirmed by the experiments of many Histories whence that usually Cited verse of Claudian is become as a Proverb In Caelo nunquam Spectatum impune Cometam A blazing Star does not appear But some Beholders plagued are A most evident witnes whereof was that hairy Comet which appeared Anno 1618. Towards the East on the 27 of November and was afterwards seen near upon the whol Moneth of December moving and shining It 's thicker and more solid part being turned towards the Sun did behold the East and did far exceed Venus both in the clearnes of its shining and in its largnes thickly compacted and conglobated together The remaining part being more thin and less enlightened by the Sun because of its thinnes did move like fairly spred beard and stretched towards the West This Comet first appeared under the sign of Libra nere the Aequinoctial Line but by a private and peculiar motion of its own it was carryed from thence through the feet of Virgo the middle of Bootes and the tail of the greater Bear And at length its light decreasing by little and little and the matter whereof it consisted being dissipated it vanished betwen the great Bear and the Dragon It was carried with the common motion of the Stars from East to West but it seemed to be moved som what swifter than the Stars for in the first Daies of its Apparition it was wont to rise a little before five in the morning and afterwards it rose about four a Clock and before four and so sooner and sooner till it prevented the Midnight and Bed-time And we have reason to believe that this Comet was the Prognostick and sorerunner of malignant and pestilential Diseases and also of those Wars wherewith whole Europe in a manner hath since that time been laid Wast And although the Air be chief among the mediate Causes of malignant and pestilential Feavers yet sure enough other non-natural things do concur to their generation as I shall particularly and berifly declare The next to air are Aliments because bad Diet Causth a sickly disposition of the body which is an internal efficient and Causasine qua non or malignant and Pestilential Feavers Whereupon Galen in his Book De Cibis boni et mali Succi and in the 1. de Differ Feb. Chap. 3. Does demonstrate that from bad and corrupt Diet Pestilential Diseases do arise Now meats are said to be evil and the Causes of those diseases in many respects And in the first place when the Fruits of the Earth and of Trees by reason of a bad constitution of the year viz. Over moist or over dry or corrupted by mists or some tempestuous weather or some malignant influence of the stars do being eaten produce bad Juices in the body Secondly when there is great Famine and scarcity of Corn From whence came that Proverb Ho loimos meta limon the Plague follows famine For then the poor common People are forced to fill their bellies with such meats as are cheap and bad whence arises abundance of bad Humors And which is much worse when a plenty presently followes famine they do then suddenly cram themselves with much meat which by the languishing heat of their internal parts cannot be well digested and thereupon those meats come to participate of a malignant putrefaction Thirdly VVhen Aliments which in their own Nature are good do by some way or other gain putrefaction or some evil qualitie such are wheat barly beans and pease and other kind of grain which being either overlong kept or ill laid up in a moist place or otherwise misaffected do come to be musty or have some other putrefactive qualitie Such is flesh over long kept or stinking or such as is of beasts that were not killed but died of some disease as Julius Obsequens relates that in the Isle called Lipara when the Sea was made hot the fires which by meanes of an Earth-quake were forcibly vomited out of the Mount Aetina and had boiled the Fishes casting them upon the shoâ—â—â— the Inhabitants eating greedily of those Fishes a sore Pestilence followed Neither is there less power in drinks when putrid and corrupted wines or beer or other liquors are drunk or when water is drunk out of putrid and muddy Lakes or otherwaies infected As good Histories do â—â—stiâ—ie that numerous Armies have been destroied by pestilential Diseases with drinking such waters These non-natural things mentioned viz. Ayr and Meates and drinks have the greatest force to engender malignant Feavers but the four remaining viz. things voided or retained Motion and Rest Sleep and waking with Pamons of the Mind are of less efficacy and do only concur as adjuvaut Causes or such as dispose the body to conceive a malignant pucrefaction as in our exposition of them shal preâ—ently appâ—ar The â—â—tention of Courses in women or of some other accustomed evacuation Men as of the Hemorrhoides bleeâ—â—ing at nose and Loosenes which betides some persons at certain seasons when they happen in a pestilential year they are wont to produce a malignant disease For those things which are wont to be avoided as superfluous and burdensome to Nature if they be retained in the body they do easily conceive putrefaction so likewise over great evacuations either of blood or other humors do much weaken the Body and do Cause that Natural Heat being weakned it is soon infected by the vitious and pestilential impurities of the Air. As for motion and rest certain it is that overmuch Idleness is a Cause that Natural heat is not sufficiently eâ—entilated and consequently the Humors conceive putrefaction so over great exercise does very much open the pores and dissolves the Heat whereupon the body becoming weak and more apt to take impression does easily receive the Infection And too much sleep makes many Excrements and fils the body with Humidities which easily putrefie but too much watching does engender Crudities and they easily putresie because Natural Heat cannot wel
present remedy against poisons and drives them out of the body by sweat or insensible transpiration And they Conceive that Plant to be the Common ordinary food of Those beasts in which the Bezoar stone is found and that the stone hath its vertue primarily from thence A scruple or half a dram of this Root poudered may be given in Carduus matter or other medicaments Mendererus cries up this following pouder Take Sugar Candy three drams white-ginger two drams Camphire one dram Make al into a pouder the dose one dram in some convenient liquor But the Author doth advise that in great paines of the head or stomach Camphire is warily to be used which yet he highly commends in pestilential diseases and avouches that seasonably given il doth more good than the most precious bezoardick medicaments I conceive the pouder is too hot because of the Ginger and I have Composed this following in imitation thereof Which I have vsed with happy success Take mineral Bezoar three drams Sal prunella two drams Camphire one dram Make of all a pouder Give one dram at a time in Carduus water or som other convenient Liquor Pouders may likewise be made of the fragments of precious stones whose vertues many deride others as much admire so that from the times of the Arabian Physitians to our days many compositions are prepared of them in the shops as Electuarium de Gemmis Confectio de Hyacintho But in pestilential and venemous diseases many have extolled the great vertu of the Smaragd amongst the rest Avenzoar Mindererus and Zacutus Lusitanus Avenzoar 2 Teisir tract 1. Cap. 5. That himself being poysoned was thereby cured Mindererus Lib. de Pestilentia Cap 15. Relates that to a woman in a Pestilential Feaver who abhorred al Physick he gave the following Pouder which she might easily swallow haveing neither tast nor smel which when shee had taken the conbustions of cruel symptomes being allaied and the disease turning to health she was cured Take of the Smaragd stone prepared East-india Bezoar of each six grains Hyacinth prepared three graines mix them Make of all a pouder for one Dose And Zacutus Lusitanus relates that a Portugal Gentleman haveing through poyson fallen into a loosness and a Consumption from which no abstersives astringents or Antidotes could free him he was cured only by the Smaragd the pouder whereof to the quantity of twelve graines he tooke every other day in conserve of quinces and when he had taken it five times he was cured of his Loosness The Physitians of Mountpelier doe use in this Feaver as a most profitable Antidote no ways heating the Troches of Vipers which are usually prepared as an ingredient into Andromachus Treacle which they give from one scruple to half a dram in cordial waters or Juleps Yet the flesh of vipers were better being dried which hath no venemous quality as people imagine but is rather a potent Antidote which is much abated by boiling for it is boiled in water to make the troches So that we see greater effects wrought only by the heart and Liver of vipers being dryed without any other preparation The Alexipharmick Medicaments of the third Tribe viz. The Diaphoreticks and sweaters must be given only in the state or declination of the disease as was said before which is to be understood when they are given in a feaver simply malignant or spotted for in the true Plague they must be used at the very beginning that the venemous qualitie which would quickly kill the Patient may be suddenly and potently opposed and the malignant vapors discussed Yea verily and in simple malignant Feavers if the venemous quality seem to be greater than the putrefaction they are likewise to be given at the beginning in small quantity making choyce of such as are least hot mixing them with Juleps and other cooling medicines formerly precribed Now of these Diaphoretick medicaments there are divers degrees for som are more hot as Angelica Zedoary Dictamnum Treacle Mithridate Treakle water which are never to be given when the heat of the Feaver is at the highest but only when the same is much abated and when the signs of malignity do very much prevail But others are less hot as Scabious Carduus Mead-sweet Scordium which may safely be given though the Feaver be in it's height And these distinctions are carefully to be observed in practice and as for the formes of particuliar medicaments every Physitian can vary them according to the different degree of the Feaverish Heat and of the Malignitie But I shall here discribe such as are most effectuall Take water of Mead-sweet and Carduus of each two ounces juice of Lemmons one ounce old Treakle half a dram two scruples or one dram according as the fear of heating the Patient is more or less Mix al into a potion give it warm and cover the patient somwhat more than ordinary if there be great vehemency of symptoms new Treakle wil be more convenient because of the vigor of the Opium by means of which the vehemency of the symptoms will be allaied and the boyling of the Humors wil be restrained yea and somtimes when it seems unconvenient to use Treakle as in the beginning of the disease especially Laudanum Opiatum given to two grains mingled with Antidotes do much good For by the Narcotick and congealing power thereof those fervent Spirits so vexatious to the Heart are as it were fixed and the morbifick matter which is most pernicious while it is in motion is thereby stopped and remains in a manner unmoveable whence it comes to pass that Nature not being provoked by the malignant humors and spirits recollecting her strength doth more easily apply unto her self the vertu of Antidotes Aqua theriacalis seems fit to be preferred before Treacle it self For seeing it is exceeding thin and spiritous it doth more easily and suddenly peirce into and pass through the whol body and Cause sweat And because there are many descriptions of Treacle water their dose ought to differ according as they are compounded of Simples more or less healing I shal in this place propound the chief And first of al the Treacle water of Bauderon is most excellent because it is exceeding temperate For there goes no other Liquor thereinto than Vineger and Juyce of Lemmons by which the hot Ingredients are very much tempered and therefore it may be given from half an ounce to an ounce in Sudorofick decoctions or waters And although this is less heating than any of the rest prescribed by divers other Authors yet have I invented another easily made which is more cooling and does no less oppose the Feaver than the malignant quality and may consequently be used in the whol course of the disease at any period thereof It s composition is as followeth Take twelve fresh and juycie Lemmons Take away the bark or rind and the seeds and press out the fuyce and ad thereunto the said rindes and seeds and three pints of
juyce of Scordium juyce of sorrel of Goates Rue of scabious and Carduus of each one pint Shavings of Harts-Horn four Ounces Old Venice Treacle six ounces Let the rinds of the Lemmons be cutt into thin chips let the seeds be beaten and such herbs as have little juyce let them in the beating be moistened with the juice of Lemmons and let al be distilled in balneo Mariae Of the water give one ounce by it self or mixed with other Liquors The hotter sort of Treacle waters are made with white Wine or with spirit of wine which must be warilly given and in lesser quantity yet they pierc more than the other and move sweat and are cheifly used in the true Pestilence Howbeit in some Cases they may by the prudent Physitian be used Among the many Descriptions of such Treacle waters I wil propound in this place two of the most excellent Take roots of Angelica White-Thistle Gentian Tormentil Zedoary Harts-Horn of each one ounce of the three sanders of each half an ounce Treacle three ounces Camphire a scruple beat al and steep them three daies together in two Pints of strong white-wine in a warm place Then distil Them in Balneo Mariae and keep the water for use the dose is from two drams to half an ounce in refrigerating Juleps adding spirit of vitriol to correct the Inflamation thereof Take Spirit of Wine very wel rectified one pint and an half old Treacle eight ounces Elect Mirrh four ounces Oriental Saffron one ounce Camphire half an ounce Infuse al for twenty four hours in Balneo Mariae afterward stil them in the same Bath and you shal have a very effectual water The Chymists do exceedingly cry up their Bezoardica Mineralia because they are Sudorofick or Diaphoretick at least and yet do not at al heat which they endeavor to prove by their having no taste in which regard they are easily taken even by the most nice Patients that loath unpleasant medicaments They also commend their Medicine which is called by them Mixtura Simplex or Mixtura Spiritalis made of Treacle Water Camphorated spirit of Vitriol and of Tartar and they mingle a dram hereof in Juleps and antidotary Potions A Physitian that undertakes the Cure of malignant Feavers ought to have divers Antidotes in a readynes and to change them ever and anon least nature be too much accustomed to one and the same and slight the virtue thereof Also the nature of the venemous quality is not alwayes one and the same but very divers according to the diversity of the patients bodies So that what hath helpt one wil do another no good so that when he hath for some time used one antidote he must try another and another While the foresaid diaphoreticks are using if we have a Mind at any time to help their Operation that they may more powerfully bring out the poison into the surface of the Body some external helpes may be used viz. Cupping-glasses both dry and with scarification many and often set on and Vesicatories of which we spok before which are most convenient in the state of the disease and at what time Sudorofick Medicines are given as also Oyl of Scorpions of Matthiolus which is much commended by al Practitioners for it calls forth the poyson residing in the profound parts of the body unto the external parts And therefore the Emunctories of the body as the Groines and Arm-pits with the Pulses of the Templs Hands and Feet ought frequently to be anointed with this oyl warm viz. thrice or four times in a day or else every third hour Where this Oyl is not to be had a Liniment may be made of Treacle dissolved in Juyce of Lemmons adding a little saffron and Camphire If at any time Nature being oppressed with the malignity of the Poyson and overcome and seem not to act but as it were to submit her self with hands bound to the mercy of the humor The strongest diaphoreticks are then to be given in a large dose that the daunted mettle of the heart may be as it were spurred up And then the strongest sorts of Treacle waters and Bezoardicks which have greatest force to penetrate must be used and the addition of Camphire wil much help their penetration and outwardly at such a time this following fomentation wil wonderfully assist the operation of such things as are taken in and wil help to drive out the malignant vapors For by this Method many have bin reduced from the Gates of Death Take roots of Angelica and Gentian of each two ounces Leaves of Bawm Origanum Scordium of each two handfuls Seeds of Carduus benedictus one ounce Flowers of Chamomel Mullien Melilot St. Johns wort Centaurie the less Staechados Rosemary Marygold of each two pugills Make a decoction of all in water adding towards the end a little white-wine wherewith foment the feet Groins Armepits and sides warm with sponges If drynes of the tongue thirst and other signes do shew that the Feaver doth prevail as much as the malignant quality we must abstain from the fomentation and instead thereof let a Hen cut down through the Back or the Lungs or Caul of a Wether new killed be applied to the patients Belly In the whole Course of the Care the greatest Cure of al must be to preserve the patients strength which is much dejected by the Venemous quality It is best kept up first by Convenient broths made with a Capon unto which when necessity urges may be added the distilled broaths of flesh and especially the Aqua Caponis which is made in Balneo Mariae per Descensum as the common manner is now to make it Consection of Hyacinths given in broaths doth repaire the strength and doth oppugn the malignant quality In the same broaths Gelly of harts-horn doth satisfie both Endications If the strength of the Patient be very much decaied we may make bold with Confectio Alkermes provided the Heat of the Feaver be not very violent And finally wine is the most cordial thing in the world of the use whereof in this disease I spake before treating of the Patients Diet. The only smel of wine doth much refresh the Patients strength and much more a toast dipped in Canary and Rosewater and so held to the Nose And in this Case also Confectio Alkermes and de Hyacintho are wont to be put into alexipharmical Potions Or in extream dejection of strength Potions merely cordial may be thus made Take Orenge-flower water and Rosewater of each one ounce and an half Confectio Alkermes one dram Syrup of Apples one ounce Juyce of Lemmons three drams Make all into a potion If the Feaver be not intense Cinnamon water may be given to the quantity of one dram or three drams and sometimes Amber Griese may be added to the quantity of five Granes or Seven Neither in extream Weaknes of the Patients must we so much fear those hot cordials that we should resuse to save the patient from present death
for fear of augmenting the Heat of the Feaver for we must alwaies regard that which is most pressing and when the patient hath a little recovered strength if the hot cordials have made some increase of Heat it may afterward be tempered by potent coolers as Sal Prunella and Spirit of vitriol mixed in juleps and ordinary Drink This Method being observed by the discreet Physitian in his administration both of Strengtheners and of hot Antidotes and sweaters wil prove happily Successful After these things must follow the Application of Epithems and Liveing Creatures to the Region of the Heart fomentation of the Genitalls with Confectio Alkermes dissolved in Wine Bags to be laied upon the stomach and other both internal and external Medicaments largly by me described in my Chapter of Weaknes or Decay of strength As for Epithems there is Caution to be used in their application Because very many Authors do wholly reject the use of them because they are wont to be compounded of refrigerating and repelling things viz. of the waters of cooling herbs and Vinegar by which the venemous quality is beaten back to the heart and the transpiration thereof which ought alwaies to be promoted is hindered But this reason cannot hinder the use of Epithemes seeing we may compound them of cordial and diaphoretick waters that have repelling no or astringent quality in them and without Vinegar which some do yet allow adding cordials thereunto and by these things mingled together Epithems may be made not only which strengthen the heart but also open the pores of the skin that through them the malignant vapors may more easily transpire Of such Epithems this may be an example Take waters of scabious and Carduus of each four ounces Oreng-flower water two ounces Con'fectio Alkermes two drams Powder of Diamargaritum frigidum one dram Saffron and Camphire of each six grains Make an Epitheme and applie it warm to the Region of the Heart frequenly Take Confectio Alkermes half an ounce Powder of Triasantalon and Diamargaritum frigidum of each one dram and half a little Orengflower water Make of al a Liniment to be applied to the part after aforesaid the use of the foresaid Epitheme Neither must we here omit such Epithemes as are to be applied to the parts under the short ribbs because of the reasons of their use propounded in the Cure of putrid Feavers from whence the Materialls must also be fetcht At length whenas the malignant and venemous quality is mastered by the Remedies aforefaid and the Feaver abated and the Disease begins to decline and the signs of Coction do manifestly appear pargation must be used which by the experienced Physitian may be accomodated to the strength and constitution of the Patient I shal here for the sake of Beginners propound only one example Take Senna half an ounce Annis seed one dram Leaves of Scabious and Scordium of each half an handful Liquoris three drains Boil al to three ounces In the strained Liquor dissolve the infusion of four scruples of Rhubarb Made in bugloss water with yellow Sanders Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make all into a Potion And for the most part one purge is not sufficient in the declination of the disease when the Patient begins to recover health but purgation must oftentimes be repeated twice or three times at convenient distances that the evil humors may be perfectly rooted out Otherwise there wil be danger of a Relapse or at least the Patient wil be long in Recovering prsecte health Because though nature be strâ—ng enough to master the reliques of the Morbisick matter yet can she not do it but in a long time and in the mean space the body is long in recovering its former strength For the perfect Compleating of this Cure it remaines onely that we speak something of the Correction of such symptomes as happen in this disease Now their cure is very near the same which hath bin propounded in the second section of this Treatise Chap. 2. where we delivered the Cure of such symptomes as attend putrid Feavers And the symptoms of this Feaver are the same in a manner with those of putrid Feavers the difference being only in degrees of more or less and therefore the same Remedies wil sute with both Howbeit I shal here set down such things as have bin frequently tried in the taming of such symptomes as attend malignant and Pestilential Feavers and which have proved most successful And wee shal withal declare the Cure of such diseases as do Supervene upon these Feavers And first of al In Paines of the Head Want of sleep and Raving at the beginning Revellers of al sorts must be used as opening of the inferior veins and of the Haemorrhoids emollient Clysters frictions of the nether parts Cupping-glasses first set upon the Calves of the Legs afterwards upon the Back and shoulders both dry and with scarification and Vesicatories which in a simple Delirium or Dotage arising from a Chollerick matter must be applied to the Armes and thighes But if with the Raving there be joyned a dullnes and sleepvnes a Vesicatory must be applied also to the Neck and then Repellers must be applied unto the Forehead and Oxyrrhodines of which it is to be noted that they are not so good in malignant as in meer putrid Feavers because the venemous vapors must by al meanes be expelled and at no hand be kept within the body And therefore first gentle repellers must be applied and if the vehemence of the foresaid symptomes shal compel us to fly to the stronger we must not use them long together Among Repellers of the gentler sort is reckoned that common frontal of the flowers of water Lilly Violets and Roses the greater cool seeds and Chermes berries bedewed with the Vapour of vineger And if that wil not suffice let this following be laid on Take Unguentum populeum one ounce Conserve of Roses and violets of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses six ounces Vinegar of Roses two drams Mix them all and receive them in tow and put them between two cloaths and apply them to the forehead Mean while the Emulsions of the four greater cool seeds may be used from which cool and gentle vapors are wont to be carried unto the Brain which are wont to mitigate the foresaid symptomes Which if they suffice not narcoticks may be added which do wonderfully hinder the ascent of sharp and malignant Vapors unto the brain and procure sleep Yet they must be given in a smal quantity as half an ounce of Syrup of poppies or if necessity compel two graines of Laudanum opiatum with conserve of roses may wel be given or they may be dissolved in some Julep or in stead there of new Treacle may be given to the Quantity of half a dram Howbeit these narcoticks are seldom to be given and in smal Quantity because they Concentre the poyson howbeit they are by some accounted sudorosicks After repellers have
often break forth in the state of the disease and symptomatically and deadly until by the remedies aforesaid their oâ—structive facultie was taken away In a carbuncle superveneing upon a buâ—â—ing Feaver if before its appatition Blood were not sufficiently taken away If the patient can bear further blood-letting open that vein which is nigh the carbuncle that the greater attraction may be made of the veremous matter to the part affected Afterward let the Tumor be scarrified on every side round about and that with prety deep gashes and foment it a while with warm salt water that the corruption of the blood may be hindered and the â—fflux thereof promoted A while after apply a grain of a Caustick to the midle of the Pastle and upon the whol swelling lay this following Cataplasm Take leaves of Rue and Scabious bruised of each one handfull three pair of dryed Figs bruysed sharp Leven an ounce Pepper poudered one dram two yolkes of Eggs Mix all into a Cataplasm which must be applied for two dayes together And then lay on this following Take Juices of Comphry the greater Scabious Marygold of each one dram old treacle four scruples Salt one dram two yolks of Eggs mix them all and apply it to the tumor Also at the beginning may be applyed the Cataplasm de Arnoglosso described in the Dispensatory of Bauderon But to the Eschara after the application of the Caustick apply Vnguentum Basilicum adding thereto Treakle Oyl of scorpions and the yolk of an Egg. When the tumor is grown lest the malignant matter should flow back again to the internal parts let the compass thereof be anointed with ointment of Bâ—lus twice or thrice in a day And upon the Eschara or Crust that it 's falling off may be hastened â—y Vnguentum Basilicum with butter and Sows grease mixed therewith after the crust is com away let the ulcer be clensed with this folowing ointment Take juice of Marygolds wormwood Scabious and Smalladg of each one ounce choyce of Mirrh Florentine Oris Aloes Sarcocolla of each one dram Honey of Roses two ounces Make of all an ointment to be used till the sore be perfectly curred Chap. 2. Of the Measles and small Pox. THat Feaver which is commonly attended by the Measles and small Pox may justly be reckoned among Malignant and pestilential Feavers seeing it is Epidemical and contagious and kills very many children to whom it commonly happens What is the difference between the Measles and small Pox Authors are not yet well agreed But custom hath obtained that those same larger pustles or Whelks like unto Warts from whence they have their name should be called in latin Varioloe in English the small Pox but those little pustleâ— and as it were asperities of the Skin with a deep redness like St. Anthonies fire or the rose which are discussed within five or seven daies without suppuration are called in latin Morbilli and in English Measles There is also another kind of pustles common to Children like unto the small Pox in respect of the fashion and size but herein it differs in that the small Pox begins with redness and inflamation but these are white and as it were bladderes full of a wheyish humor which within three daies break and dry up and are wont to cause no danger and commonly break forth without a Feaver It is described by Vidus Vidius in these words Som besiáes the two former sorts do ad a third which they call the Crystalls For so they term certain Bladdrs full of matter which shine like Christall wherewith the Skin is in divers parts diapered the common people call them Ravaglione unto which all men are not so subject as unto the small Pox and measles neither are they so greviously afflicted under them wherefore these bladders ought not to be reckoned as a third sort with the small Pox and Measles Touching the smal Pocks and Measles Authors dispute much and especially whether these be new diseases or if they were known unto the antients and what is the next and immediate Cause of them But since I affect al possible brevity in my Lectures I have bin wont to omit al controversies propounding onely the plain and naked decisions of them and accordingly I shal breifly unfold what is to be thought of the foregoing questions And in the first place I conceive the smal Pocks and Measles to be no new diseases seeing they rise from a most antient Cause viz. the impurites of the maternal blood which when the Arabians observed they accounted it no new disease But if they had first come abroad in their times they would have mentioned their novelty And although they were the first that exactly described them and Hippocrates and Galen with the rest of the Antients have scarce mentioned them we must suppose that therefore the Antients did not write distinctly of them because they are only accidents of a malignant Feaver and critical eruptions which do not make a distinct disease by themselves Or because in Greece through the mildness of the Ayr these disease were so light as not to deserve the Care of a Physitian Even as in the Western Indies in regard of the great temperatnes of the Ayr it was wont to be to be light that it was scarce taken notice of before the coming of the Spaniards into those parts But a Blackmore which was brought thither being taken with Pestilential smal Pocks the malignant and venemous quality being spred by Insection the disease began so to range and rage that a great part of the Indians were slain thereby For whereas before those impurites of their Mothers blood remaining in them were wont easily to be discussed throught the Clemency of the Ayr now when a venemous quality was added to them they caused grevious Diseases Now that the Mothers blood is the true Cause of the Smal Pocks and Measles is hence cheifly gathered because among many thousands of Men it is hard to sind one who once in his Life hath not had these diseases But a disease common to al Men must needs depend upon some common cause such as are the principles of Generation viz. the seed and Mothers blood But the seed cannot be the cause of the smal Pocks and Measles because from it come hereditary diseases such as last a Mans Life time it remaines therefore that these diseases spring from the Mothers blood with which the Child is nourished in the Womb. For therein be it never so pure some impurites are found which communicate their pollution to the parts of the Child and that pollution of the parts doth defile the Mass of blood and being provoked by some occasion doth make the same to boil by help whereof the blood ferments and becomes purified both it and the parts aforesaid This the Arabians do mannifest by a cleer example of Wine which being powred whiles it is new into musty or otherwise il-qualited Vessel receives that il quality from the Vessel but when it begins to
Barly Jujubes and Liquoris and let them use this following Lohoch Take Seeds of Marsh-mallows Melons Cucumers and white Poppy of each two drams Raisons stoned and Jujubes of each four pair Boile al to a pint In which dissolve conserve of Roses and Violets of each half an ounce Pouder of Diatragacanthum frigidum three drams Sugar Candie and Sugar of Roses of each as much as shal suffice Make al into a Lohoch The Jawes and throat may be fenced against the Pox before they break out with this following Gargarism Take French barly one pugil Plantane Leaves two handfuls red Rose Leaves one pugil Balaustians seeds of Sumach of each two drams Boil al in two pints of water to a third parts consumption In the strained Liquor dissolve Syrup of Mulberries and Pomgranates of each one ounce Mix al into a Gargarism If the young age of Children cannot admit a Gargle a Lohoch may be made of Syrup of Mulberries Pome-granats of dried Roses either alone or mingled with red Rose and Plantain waters Which must often be given them in a spoon Wherewith if the Fluxion cannot be stopped by reason of the abundance of the rhume so that there is fear of Suffocation impendent such things must be used which widen the passages and help excretion after this manner Take Mucilage of Fleabane seed and Oyl of sweet Almonds new drawn of each one ounce and halfe Whitest Sugar two ounces Mix them Make of all a Lambitive to be given every hour If by meanes of the Acrimony of the flux or the Plenty of the smal Pox an Ulcer be berd in the Jawes or Throat it must be clensed with barly water and honey of Roses or with allum water and if it tend to corruption a little Aegyptiacum Ointment must be mingled therewith The gutts wil be preserved by the same remedies which were appointed to preserve the Lungs But if a present Loosens or dysenterie be urgent first detergent and lenitive Remedies must be used and afterwards astringents And so Clysters must be made of calybeated Milk of Sugar and yolkes of Eggs and afterwards of a decoction of barly and red Roses with the yolk of an egg and last of al of a decoction of Plantaine Knot-grass and Prunella or Self-heal and other Simples set down in our Cure of the Disentery And it is to be observed that a loosness in children that have Pox is oftentimes caused by wormes which lasts dureing the whol disease whence they are in the danger of Death because the expulsion of the Pox is therby hindred wholly or lessened Which is easily known by the thickness and viscositie of the excrements and their grey or whitish color then must be administred such things as kill Worms and sweet Clysters must be injected Somtimes also the kidneys are affected and are exulcerated whence arises Pissing of Blood In this Case it is good to give an emulsion of the four greater cool seeds with trochiscs of Alkekengy de Carabe and other things set down in our chapters of Pissing of Blood Among external parts the Eyes are most of all to be guarded from the smal Pox. For being endued with a soft and humid substance the matter of the Pox is easily driven unto them whence arise grevious calamites and somtimes total Blindness Before the Pox break out therefore or when they begin to appear the Eyes must be anointed every hour with Plantane and Rose waters in which a little saffron is dissolved or with the following Eye-Salve which doth more effectually preserve them Take water of Roses and Plantane of each one ounce and half Pouder of Sumach seeds two drams Infuse them a little while hot then strain the liquor hard out to the strained liquor ad Camphire ten graines Saffron five graines Make all into a Water for the Eyes It wil be yet more effectual if Instead of the waters the juices of knot-grass and Sheperds-pouch be mingled with the rest And if some Pox begin to Peep out of the Eye it self pidgeons blood must be often dropt in that their resolution may be hastened then also this following Eye-water is to be used Take Red Rose water two ounces Eye-bright water half an ounce trochisci albi Rhasis one dram Tutty prepared one Scruple Champhire five graines Saffron two graines make al into an Eye-water and wet the Eyes often therewith with a thin linnen rag But when the Eyes so swel that they cannot be opened they must often be washed with a decoction of Linseed Fenugreek seed Quince seed and Mallow seeds and so the swelling wil fal and the Eyes open and if when the Eyes are opened there appear cloudes in them they must be scoured off with Sugar-candie finely powdered And finally if the Eyes are ulcerated they may be cured with this following Eye salve Take Washed Ceruss three drams Sarcocol one dram Gum traganth one Scruple Opium two grains With mucilage of Gum traganth drawn out with Plantane water make all into little cakes or trochiscs which must be dissolved in Womens Milk or red Rose water when it is to be used and in all other things proceed as Practitioners teach at large in the Cure of Vlcers of the Eyes To preserve the Nostrills they must often smel to Vinegar But a Collyrium of juyce of knot-grass and shepherds pouch Sumach seeds and camphire formerly praysed wil work more effectually let the tent be often moistened therein and put up into the Nostrills If notwithstanding the Pox do grow within the Nose they quickly become hard Scabs which are often to be nointed with Oyl of sweet almonds that they may the sooner fal off And finally if an Ulcer happen in the Nose it must be dressed with a liniment of the Oyl of Eg-yolkes and juyce of Plantane stirred together in a leaden Mortar To preserve the Face some wash it with rose-Rose-water and other Astringents Which I cannot approve of for a great part of the impurities flows unto the Face For the Skin tthereof long loose and soft is very fit to receive Excrements Wherefore if those impurities which Nature sends hither be repelled being retained within they may cause great hurt and therefore the motion of Nature is no waies to be hindred But this ought to be the Physitians care to hinder that the Pocks which break out in the Face do not leave behind them pits and Scarrs which doth often deform the Countenance And this he shall in good measure perform if when the Pocks are ripe and are high and white in the middle which is wont to fall out upon the ninth day of the Disease he cause them to be nointed with a Fether twice a day with Oyl of sweet Almonds drawn without fire until the Crusts fall off For by this Medicine the Acrimony of Choller is tempered the ripening of the Pocks is hastened and the falling off of the Crusts furthered which otherwise sticking fast doth exulcerate the Skin more deeply by reason of the Quittor which lies under them
Oyl of Nuts new drawn without fire mixed well with a like quantity of Rose-water till they come to the form of a Liniment is excellent for the same purpose If by neglecting the Remedies aforesaid or through the extream malignity of the Humor there remain Pits and Pock-holes all diligence must be used to repair the same Which notwithstanding is extream hard to do perfectly although many have taken great pains thereabout to gratifie Virgins and other Women who are exceeding careful to preserve their Beauties Among infinite Medicines recorded by Authors to this intent I shall propound the choisest And in the first place Oyl of Eg-yolks does nourish and engender Skin and therefore is very convenient to fill the Pock-holes Wethers Suet fresh and new melted and done out with a Fether is effectual to the same purpose But the filthyness of Pock-holes is much amended if they be washed first with Yarrow-Water or Cows-dung-water distilled in May and then anointed with Mans-Grease Forestus does much magnifie this following Oyntment Take Oyls of sweet Almonds and white Lillies of each one ounce Fat of a Capon three drams Pouder of Peony Roots of Orice and Lytharge of Gold of each ten grains Sugar-Candy one scruple Mingle al well in a warm Mortar strain them through a Cloth and noint the Pock-holes therewith morning and night And afterwards let them be well washed with Water distilled out of Calves-feet and when that is not at hand use the Water of Yarrow in stead thereof Neither must I omit that which many Practitioners do teach viz. That when the Pocks be ripe they must be bored through with a golden or a silver Needle least the Quittor tarrying long in them should leave holes in the part Which Practice is notwithstanding now in a manner grown out of use since Experience has taught that the Pocks being bored are longer in healing and doth longer hold their Crusts because of the Weakness of Natural Heat caused in the Part by boring whereby more deformed Scars are left behind And therefore it is better to abstain from this boring and to commit the evacuation of the Quittor to Nature alone To conclude this Cure I shall subjoyn how those dispositions of Itching and Exulceration which happen to persons that have the small Pocks may be remedied And in the first place When the small Pocks come forth or when they begin to ripen somtimes an huge pain or Itching does afflict the Patients especially in the Palms of the Hands and Soales of the Feet because the thickness of the Skin in those parts hinders the Eruption of the Pocks Which Symptom you shall help if you cause those parts to be held in hot Water or Foment them a long time with an Emollient Decoction But when there is great Itching in the Face which compels the Patients to scratch whence great deformity and foul Scars follow use this following Remedy Take leaves of Pellitory of the Wall one handful Flowers of Chamomel and Melilote of each half a pugil Boil them in a pint of Scabious Water To the strained Liquor ad three ounces of Honey-suckle Water With this Liquor hot often let the Itching Pocks be moistened by dipping a thin Rag or Cotton Wool therein and so applying the Liquor gently to them Now the Ulcers which arise from deep and malignant Pocks are to be cured with Vnguentum album Rhasis or with an Oyntment of Lead made after this manner Take Calcined Lead two ounces Litharge one ounce Ceruss washed and Vinegar of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses three ounces Honey of Roses one ounce Three Yolks of Egs Myrrh half an ounce Wax as much as shall suffice Make all into an Oyntment FINIS A PHYSICAL DICTIONARY Expounding such words as being terms of Art or otherwise derived from the Greek and Latin are dark to the English Reader This Dictionary is of use in the reading of all other Books of this Nature in the English Tongue LONDON Printed by Peter Cole in Leaden-Hall and are to be sold at his Shop at the sign of the Printing-press in Cornhil 1655. A Physical Dictionary A A Pophlegmatisms Medicines drawing flegm out of the Head Agaricktrochiscated See the London Dispensatory in English Apozeme A Medicine made of the Broth of divers Herbs and other Ingredients unto which somtimes certain Syrups are added Animal Faculties The Powers of Hearing Seeing Smelling Tasting Feeling of Imagination Understanding Memory Will Going Standing and all Voluntary Motion Aranea Tunica The Cobweb-Coat or Tunicle Abdomen The Belly or Paunch Apoplectick Water Good for the Apoplexy Autumn Harvest the Fall of the Leaf Actual Heat is Heat that may be felt by the hand such as is in Fire and all things heated thereby or in the Body of one in a Feaver It is oppoied to Potential Heat viz. That cannot be felt by the Hand as the Heat in pepper in Mustard seed in a Flint in unslaked Lime and the contrary of Actual Cold. Affected Troubled Diseased An Affect a Disease Trouble Disorder Aquae Acidulae The Spaw Waters like those of Epsam Barnet and Tunbridg with us Absurdities Unreasonable things Acrimony Sharpness such as in Mustard Pepper and in divers Humors of the Body which cause sickness Ascent Going up Apply lay on Actually Cold see Actual Heat Augment Encrease Accidentally By hap by chance upon occasion Adventitious not Natural but springing from external causes Actracting drawing together or causing Attracts draws to Accident somthing that happens upon a Disease vide Symptome Adstriction binding together shutting up Antecedent Cause foregoing Cause is opposed to the Conjunct Cause Abundance of Flegm in the Body is the Antecedent Cause of the Optick Nerves being stopped by flegm but the Flegm in the said Nerves is the Conjuct Cause c. of other Diseases Articulate Voyce A distinct Voyce such as that of Man-kind termed Speech Abstergent Clensing away filth Access Addition joyning to help or company Afflux flowing to Astringents Medicines that bind together and straiten the Pores and Passages of the Body Astriction binding knitting together Anodines Medicines which asswage pain Anastomosis an opening of the Mouths of Veins by which means Blood issues Astringe bind fasten close Acute sharp violent a Disease is termed Acute when it quickly changeth to health or death Adustion burning Adust burned Blood is said to be adust when by reason of extraordinary heat the thinner parts are evaporated and the thicker remain dreggy and black as if they were burnt Asthmatical troubled with shortness of breath Attest witness declare Aneurism a Swelling caused by a dilatation of the Arteries external Coat the internal being broken Axungia Grease Atrophy want of Nourishment when the Body pines away Attenuating Medicaments are such as make thick Humors thin Axiom or Theoreme an acknowledged undoubted Truth Adjacent lying neer bordering upon Aromatized Spiced perfumed Anus the Fundament Astringe to bind Atomes smal Moats hardly visible and that cannot admit of any division Adverse contrary to of
Bag a Bag of Wool shaped like an Extinguisher through which Hippocras and divers Medicines are strained Hereditary from Father or Mother to Son or Daughter Hydromel Honey and Water Mead Metheglin Hemorrhoids Veins of the Fundament to which Leeches are applied Head-Herbs Rosemary Betony Sage Lavender sweet Marjoram Hysop Balm Cowslips Roses Violets Lettice Borrage Bugloss c. Habit of Body is the whol bulk and substance thereof Humidity Moisture Holy Fire a red Inflamation St. Anthonies fire the Rose Hemorrhagies breaking forth of Blood from any part of the Body Hysterical Fits Fits of the Mother Womb-sickness Hermetical Physitians and Hermets Chymists such as trade with Furnances Pots and Glasses to draw Spirits Oyls Waters to make Salts Quintessences c. called so from Hermes Trismegistus an old Egyptian Phylosopher who is thought to have been a Chymist Horrors Shiverings I INfuse that is steep Inflamation great Heat Indication is an hinting to the Physitian what he is to do So extream heat is said to give indication of cooling extream fulness of blood gives indication of blood-letting want of a womans Courses gives indication of blood-letting c. Jugular Veins that is the Throat Veins See Veslingus Anatomy in English Insensible Passages which cannot be seen nor felt by reason of their smalness Influence flowing in Inherent sticking fast within seated and abiding within Inordinate disorderly unnatural and unfitting Internal and External Sences The Internal are Common Sence Imagination Understanding Memory The External are Seeing Hearing Smelling Tasting Feeling Intercepted stopped in the middle way Internally and Externally inwardly and outwardly Juleps pleasant Drinks made of distilled Waters or the broth of Barley and other convement things and sweetened with Syrups or Sugar given chiefly in Feavers to cool and quench Thirst Infusion a strained Liquor wherein Medicaments have been steeped either hot or cold Incrassate thicken Incrassating thickening Insensible not to be perceived by the outward Sences of Seeing Hearing Smelling c. Illumination enlightening Influx flowing into Inversion turning the inside out Intermission ceasing leaving off Inveterate old of long continuance rooted Inclination that is by holding the vessel on the one side and so powring the cleer from the setlings this is called to clarifie by Inclination in opposition to clarifying with the white of an Eg by boyling or any other way The Iris a party-color'd round Circle in the sight of the Eye like a Rainbow from whence it hath its name Incarnate to breed flesh Irritation provocation stirring up Involuntary Tears which are not shed by force of sorrow working upon the mind but by force of a bodily Disease The day of Indication is that day in a Feaver on which may be collected what wil betide upon the following Critical day So the sourth day doth hint what is like to happen on the seventh and the eleventh hints what is like to happen upon the fourteenth and the seventeenth what will happen upon the twenty one and the twenty four what will betide upon the twenty eight Therefore the fourth eleventh seventeenth twenty four are called daies of Indication or telling and declaring Judged see Day of Judgment Infirm weak Insipid Tastless Incising Medicaments are such as cut and divide tough flegm and other clammy humors whereby they become fit for expulsion such is Oxymel c. Intestines the Guts Intension and Remission Increase and decrease growing stronger or weaker Injection is a Medicinal Liquor cast with a fitting Instrument into the Womb Bladder or Fundament when there is forenessof hemorroids c. Inserted fastened or planted into Inspissate Juyce is Juyce of some Herb boyled till it be thick as Honey Illustrated made cleer and manifest Invasions of the Gout fits of the Gout or of Agues may be called Invasions of the said Diseases Intense vehement strong Indicate declare point out Impacted wedged in thrust far in Irrigations moistenings sprinklings waterings Intervention coming between happening together with Intermediate coming between Intermitting Pulse is that which holds up a while and then beats again and then stops and then beats again which is a sign of great weakness Incoctibility an unaptness to be concocted or digested or an impossibility thereof L LEnitive a gentle refreshing cordial Medicine Ligatures or strings wherewith the Joynts of Bones and the Gristles are compact and bound together Lozenges the same with Tablets being the form of a Medicine made up Luxation is when one Joyne is loosned from another Liniment Oyntment Ligatures bindings of several parts to draw the blood and Humors from the part diseased to the parts bound by reason of the pain of binding which must be very hard and straight Loosness of Continuitie separating and dividing of things closed and united So a wound is termed a loosening of Continuitie because it separates these parts of the skin and flesh which were formerly united together Laxe loose slack as an unbended Bowstring Livid black and blew A Lambative or Lohoch is a medicine to be lickt from a Liquoris stick and to be swallowed softly down being chiefly ordained for the Lungs Iron-water Water wherein Iron hath been quenched Smiths forge-water Laxative which makes the belly loose Livid black and blew Lead-coloured M MEninges or films of the Brain coats that cover the brain Masticatories that is Medicines to be chewed to bring away Rheum Mesâ—eraick Veins little Veins that are thought to carry chyle from the stomach to the Liver See Vestingus Anat. in English Malignity venemous or poysonful quality of certain humors and Diseases which make them very dangerous and for the most part deadly Matter or Quittor a snotty kind of filth which comes out of Imposthumes when they break and out of Ulcers when they are in a good way of cure Magistral Syrup is such an one as is invented by a Physitian for his Patient in opposition to those Syrups commonly kept in shops Matrix Womb. Membrana skin or coat of the Arteries Veins c. Membranes skins or coats Mortification a deading of any part of the body Malign venemous poysonful See Malignity Mother the Womb in Women is so called Mitigation abatement lessening growing mild The Medium is that through which we see as principally the Air which we look thorough upon objects also the Water and Glass Horn or what ever is cleer and may be seen thorough may be termed a medium of fight Mammilarie passages or productions certain little knobby bunchings out of the Nerves which serve for smelling resen bling Teates called therefore Teat-like productions See the English Anatomy Malax soften To Malax a lump of Pilstuff is to soften it that it may work up into Pills the better Mercurial Purges Purges made of Quicksilver Chymically prepared such as Mercurius dulcis some kind of Precipitate Mercurius vitae c. Macerate steep Mesenterie the skin whch knits the Guts together and runs all along among them embossed with Fat See Vestingus his Anatomy in English Membranous of the Nature of Skin
Arteries the blood is stanched by good Ligature and bondage only nor is the Plaister mentioned by Galen in the same place necessary which is made of Bole Frankinsence Mastick and the Hair of an Hare with the white of an Egg yet for the better security they who are afraid of the opening of an Artery may make use of it you may see what we have said concerning the opening of Arteries in the Cure of the Head-ach Vesicatories also are very profitable in this Disease both applied to the Neck and behind the Ears When you have bled sufficiently you must purge that the Chollerick Humors especially such as make the blood hot may be evacuated And Hippocrates saith it is very requisite Aphor. 17. Sect. 6. For it is good for him that hath an Ophthalmy to fall into a flux And Galen 13. Meth. Cap. 11. saith That he hath seen some who began to have sore Eyes to be cured in one day only by a Purge But it must be made of gentle ingredients and such as do allay the heat of the blood taking heed of al Medicines that have Scammony in them and they be made thus Take of Tamarinds half an ounce clean Senna three drams Annisseeds half a dram Endive Succory and Fumatory of each half a handful boyl them to four ounces and when it is strained infuse in the liquor of the best Rhubarb and yellow Myrobalans rubbed with the Oyl of sweet Almonds of each one dram yellow Saunders half a scruple after strain it again and dissolve of Manna and syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make a Potion Or in Form of Bolus thus Take of Cassia newly drawn six drams Diacatholicon three drams Pouder of Rhubarb one dram make a Bolus with Sugar So many times we prescribe Pills in an Ophthalmy which comes of Flegm namely Lucis majoris of Agarick and the like which though they are very good in the state of the Disease yet it is better to abstain from in the beginning lest the Humors moved with too violent a Medicine should fal more upon the part Nor is one Purge sufficient but you must repel it a distance if the Disease be old first giving good preparatives by Apozemes or Juleps proper for the Humor offending therefore in the beginning allay the heat of the Humors with cooling Juleps and such as thicken or with Emulsions made of the greater Cold Seeds Lettice and white Poppy seeds in some cooling Decoction with a little Rose water After universal Revulsions and Evacuations come to Topical Medicines with that part which from the beginning must be repelling yet the soundest Practicioners do warn us not to use repelling Medicines to the Eyes at first because for the most part they stop the Humor and retain it in the Eye and so increase the grief and inflamation For Galen Comment Aphor. 31. Sect. 6. reproves a certain Oculist which used these kind of Medicines in the beginning of the inflamation for they may be suspected in the beginning not to stay violent defluxions but rather to keep them from coming forth Hence it cometh to pass that when the humors are sharp the Cornea is somtimes ulcerated but when they are many it is streaked and somtimes broken But Avicenna fen 3. lib. 3. tract 1. cap. 9. saith That it is fit that if possible we abstain from Collyriums the first three dayes And a little after he saith That we ought not in the beginning to apply strong Astringents and thickners because they thicken the Tunicles or coats and hinder resolution and increase pain Yet we need be so exact in the time and number of dayes because the Disease is in some older and in some yonger But we may with profit apply Astringents at the beginning to the Forehead and Temples for by those the veins by whith the humors flow to the Eyes are stopt and they driven back The Form of this is as followeth Take of Bole-Armonick sanguis Draconis Frankinsence Mastich of each one dram red Roses Balasts or Pomegranat flowers the pouder of Lentils of each two scruples mix them with the white of an Egg and Vinegar of Roses and make a Cataplasm for the Forehead and Temples Moreover A Cataplasm made of the Juyce of Nettles and Wheat flower applied to the Forehead and Temples is excellent to stay a defluxion by reason the Juyce of Nettles hath a special Vertue for the stopping of al sorts of Bleedings as it doth the bleeding at the Nose or Mouth But if the pain be very great which useth to encrease the defluxion upon the Eyes you must apply Anodines or Medicines asswaging pains upon them Among which new milk especially if it be that which a sound woman giveth is best if it be often milked fresh into the Eyes from the breast and not be used stale for then it wil grow sowr and be offensive to them instead thereof you may use fresh Cheese made of Sheeps milk which you must often change lest it turn like Butter and so inflame the Eye The white of an Egg wel beaten til it turn to water is commended of Galen for it asswageth pain and gently stayes the Flux Also an Apple roasted in the Embers doth much asswage the pain of the Eyes The Mucilages or slime of the seeds of Fleabane Quinces Foenugreek drawn with Rose-water do take away pain but they must be renewed every day or they wil grow sowr Of these things you may make divers kinds of Medicines As for Example Take of the pap of a sweet Apple roasted in the embers an ounce the Mucilage of the seeds of Fleabane and Quinces drawn with Rose Water of each six drams the white of a new laid Eg beaten into water and womans Milk of each one dram Make a Cataplasm and apply it to the Eyes Or Take of the pap of a roasted Apple one ounce Crums of white Bread half an ounce one Egg mixed with Breast milk Make of these a Cataplasm Thin slices of Goats Flesh Veal or Mutton often applied to the Eyes do very much asswage pain A Cataplasm may be made more easily with crums of white Bread and Womans Milk mixed with Rose Water If the pain be intollerable you must fly to Narcotick or stupifying Medicines which you must use sparingly and with good advice because they do thicken the visive Spirits and make the Humors and Tunicles gross by which the Sight will become dim Among Narcoticks for the Eyes the white Troches of Rhasis are principal made with Opium thus Take of Rose water two ounces the Water of an Eg well beaten one ounce the white Troches of Rhasis with Opium one dram Make a Collyrium or Water for the Eyes When the pain is aslwaged you must come to repelling Medicines which must be gentle and mixed with Anodines continually for this end make this Collyrium following Take of Plantane and Rose water of each one ounce and an half the Water of the white of an Egg beaten one ounce the
white Troches of Rhasis with Opium one dram Make a Collyrium and drop it often into the Eyes If the pain be very great you may put to it Womans Milk and the Mucilages aforesaid This following Medicine doth powerfully resist inflamation and stay the flux Take of the white of an Eg beat it in a pewter dish with a piece of Allum very well till it come to the consistence of an Oyntment which you must spread upon a linnen cloth and apply it warm to the Eyes After two or three hours take it away left by its long continuance having an extraordinary astringent quality from the Allum it retain the humors in the Eyes Also the Water of Allum distilled in an Alembick laid to the Eye with a linnen clout doth allay the inflamation thereof The Salt of Lead dissolved in Rose Water or Wine Vinegar or mixed with Pomatum doth powerfully cool the inflamation In the encrease of the Disease you must mix digestives with Repelling Medicines and therfore you must put the Water of Eyebright Fennel Celondine and the Mucilage of Linseeds Althaeae oâ— Marsh-mallows and Foenugreek Gal. 13. Meth. commends especially the Decoction of Fenugreek because it digesteth concocteth and moderately repelleth but you must sift the Fenugreek to take out the dust and after wash it often in warm Water before you boyl it or make the Mucilage of it You may thus make a Collyrium Take of the Mucilage of the seed of Foenugreek and Quinces drawn with Rose and Eyebright Water of each one ounce and an half the white Troches of Rhasis with Opium one dram Tutty prepared half a dram Make a Collyrium When the Disease is at the height you may put Sarcocol to it which is of a more digestive quality but since it is apt to hurt the Eyes by its over dryness and sharpness it must first be steeped some few daies in Milk often changed and you must prepare but a little at one time for if it be long kept it wil grow sowr and hurt the Eyes You may use it thus Take of the flowers of Chamomel Melilot and red Roses of each one pugil the seeds of Foenugreek clensed one dram boyl them in Plantane Water Dissolve in four ounces of the straining Sarcocol one dram Tutty prepared and of the white Troches of Rhasis without Opium of each half a dram Make a Collyrium Authors do commend some Waters to be very powerful Quercetan commends the infusion of Crocus Metallorum made in Eyebright and Fennel Water which is strong enough and is no waies too sharrp for the Eyes as others are Crollius and the rest of the Chymicks do highly commend the Salt of Lead dissolved in Rose Water to which they put a few grains of Sul Armonick The manner is thus Take of the Salt of Lead twelve grains Sal Armonick three grains Rose Water three ounces Mix them and drop some into the Eye morning and evening There is also a Water made of calcined or burnt Lead or Litharge or Menium infused in Vinegar which laid to the Eye with a linnen clout presently cureth their inflamation The Water of white Vitriol is most common being dissolved in Rose or Plantane Water this mitigateth inflamations discusseth and hindereth defluxions Thus they are proportioned Take of white Vitriol one scruple Rose or Plantane Water four ounces Dissolve the Vitriol in it at the fire Strain the Water and drop it into the Eyes If it be too sharp you may qualifie it as you please with more Rose or Plantane Water This following Medicine is not so sharp and more dissolving Take of Flower-de-luce Roots and red Roses of each one scruple Rose and Plantane Water of each three ounces Boyl them to the third part with a gentle fire Ad to the straining white Vitriol poundered eight grains Make a Collyrium Many Oyntments also are used for the Eyes of which these three following are the best and somtimes do wonders The first is in Renodaeus his Dispensatory called Vnguentum Ophthalmium made thus Take of Bole-Armenick washed in Rose Water one ounce Lapis Calaminaris wash'd in Eyebright Water and Tutty prepared of each two drams Pearl finely poudered half a dram Camphire half a scruple Opium five grains Butter as much as will be sufficient to make an Oyntment according to art for to be applied to the corners of the Eyes and the Eye-lids The second is John Cratoes which is set down in his Physical Counsels gathered by Laurence Scholzius Cons 6. thus Take Butter made in May if you can get it or other that is fresh and well worked or the marrow of an Ox or Deers Shank and mix therewith as much of the fine pouder of Lapis Calaminar is as it will receive make an Oyntment The third is from Paenotus in denario thus made Take of Tutty prepared one ounce and an half Camphire one dram Verdegreece twelve grains Beat the Tutty with the Camphire together in a Mortar the Verdegreece by its self all very sine Then take of fresh Butter one ounce Rose water one dram boyl them gently together and then take them from the fire and first put in your Camphire with your Tutty then your Verdegreece by degrees stir them very well and reserve them in a glass Make an Oyntment and strain it through a Sarsenet anoint the inside of the Eye-lids especially about the corners and the Patient will soon recover This is a most approved Medicine against Inflamations both with matter and dry against itching of the Eyelids and weeping There is another very good though sharp and therefore must be only applied to the Eye-lids it is thus made And when al have failed this hath cured the most desperate Ophthalmy namely Of May Butter and Juyce of Tobacco boyled to an Oyntment which must be applied the Eye-lids being closed and in a darkroom as soon as the Patient opens his Eyes it will begin to bite and will certainly cure In the height of the disease you must apply more resolving than repelling Medicines therefore they which were prescribed in the encrease of it are good in the height or state of it if you encrease the quantity of the Resolvers and diminish the Repellers But especially these two following Oyntments may be used not only in the state and height but in the declination to the perfect cure of the Disease First Fomentations to discuss the matter are good in the height of the Disease made thus Take of the flowers of Chamomel Melilot and Roses of each one pugil Foenugreek seeds prepared as before shewed two drams Make a Decoction with which foment the Eyes with four-double clouts This is good in the end of the encrease and the beginning of the state of the Disease and in Winter you must use it hot in Summer only warm In the end of the state and declination you must make a more resolving Fomentation which is done by adding to the former Ingredients the Leaves of Eyebright Marjoram Bettony and a
strain them Let him take two ounces twice or thrice in a day If the pain be great you may give the Syrup of Poppy Let his Drink be barley Water with Syrup of Violets taken cold In the progress of the Disease you must mix other Medicines with the aforesaid which may help to dissolve To this end you may prescribe these following Juleps Take of the Syrup of Water Lillies Apples and of the Juyce of Purslain of each one ounce Syrup of Sea Wormwood half an ounce Lettice Sorrel and Fennel Water of each three ounces the pouder of Diamargariton frigid one dram Make a Julep for three Doses to be taken twice in a day To these you may adrestoring Opiates Narcoticks and the like all which are to be varied many waies according to the Judgment and Wisdom of the Physitian Turpentine washed with Wormwood Water if it be given twice or thrice doth either dissolve or maturate the Imposthume of the Stomach Let this following Fomentation be applied in the beginning Take of Sorrel Roots two ounces Endive Succory and Mallows of each one handful Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each three drams white and red Sanders of each half a dram Violets and Water Lillies of each one pugil Make a Decoction adding a little Rose Vinegar Let the Stomach be fomented warm therewith Or make one with the distilled Waters of Lettice and Water Lillies with a little Vinegar and Pouder of Triasantalon After fomenting let the part be anointed with Oyl of Roses and Violets mixed or with this following Take of Oyl of Roses one ounce and an half Oyl of Violets and Rose Vinegar and of the Juyce of Sowthistle of each half an ounce Boyl them to the consumption of the Juyces then ad of red Sanders one dram red Roses half a dram Lavender and Camphire of each half a scruple as much Wax as will make an Oyntment Cataplasms in the beginning are not good because they burden the part with their weight and by retaining the heat encrease the Inflamation In the declination when the Tumor is resolved which is chiefly to be desired you may apply a dissolving Fomentation made thus Take of Flower deluce Roots two ounces the Leaves of Mints Marjoram Penyroyal Sea Wormwood of each one handful Annis and Foenugreek seeds of each two drams Grains of Kermes one dram the flowers of Stoechas Rosemary Chamomel of each one pugil Make a Decoction adding in the end a little white Wine With this foneent the Stomach After fomenting anoint the part with Oyl of Wormwood Nutineg Spike and the like of which you may make an Oyntment with a little Wax and Pouder Orris Root or Cinnamon But Emplasters and Cataplasms because they burden the part with their weight are not here good But if the Tumor tend to Suppuration foment the part with the Decoction of the Flowers of Chamomel and red Roses Then apply this following Cataplasm Take of Althoea Roots two ounces Brank Vrsine and Roses of each one handful Boyl them well and beat them together then ad of Barley meal Lin-seed Foenugreek and pouder of Chamomel of each half an ounce white and red Sanders of each two drams with Oyl of Roses and Chamomel With a little Hens Grease make a Cataplasin often to be renewed After the Imposthume is broken let the Ulcer be clensed with Hydromel given in a smal quantity To which you may ad the Manna of Frankinsence according to Galens Precept Or give it with Barley Water with Sugar of Roses in the beginning in time of heat When the Ulcer groweth old of what Cause soever it come either from sharp corroding Humors or burning Medicines or Poyson Broths of cool Herbs and drying of Barley Almonds and Sugar of Roses or new Milk with Sugar and a little Honey are very good At length Chalybeate Milk and Iron Water for ordinary drink or Water wherein a piece of Bole-Armenick or Terra Sigillata hath been steeped is very excellent To which you may put a little sharp Wine if there be but little heat in the part Then give this Apozeme Take of Barley one pugil Scabious Agrimany Burnet and Maiden-hair of each half a a handful Melone seeds two drams red Roses dried one pugil make a Decoction to one pint in which dissolve three ounces of Syrup of dried Roses Make an Apozeme for four doses to be reapted often Also the Decoction of China is excellent for internal Ulcers when there is no Feaver taken twenty daies or more sweating gently for so the Ulcer will be dried by degrees But if you fear a consumption boyl the China Root aforesaid in Chicken Broth or Pidgeon Broth with the aforesaid Herbs and Barley made clean In an old Ulcer the drinking of Mineral Waters either of Vitriol Iron or Allum for a Month together are very good In the whol time of the Disease to keep the Stomach clean use gentle Purges as Rhubarb Tamarinds Myrobalans Syrup of Roses and Diacatholicon taken once in a week Lastly To heal up the Wound use these following Take of Bole-armenick Terra Sigillata red Coral and Blood-stone wash'd all in Rose Water of each one dram Sanguis Draconis Gum Arabick and Traganth of each half a dram white Poppy seeds bruised and parched Hypocistis Frankinsence and Sarcocol of each one scruple Sugar of Roses one ounce Make a Pouder of which take a dram in Plantane Water or Conserve of Roses every day Or make an Opiate of the same Pouder with Conserve of Comphry and Roses Syrup of Quinces and Myrtles Or you may make Troches of the same Pouder with the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds or Gum Traganth All which the Patient may use by turns lest he grow weary of the same Outwardly to close the Ulcer you may apply to the Stomach a Fomentation of the Decoction of Wormwood Roses Pomegranate peels Galls Pomegranate Flowers Myrtles Frankinsence Mastich or the like And lastly anoint the part with an astringent Oyntment or apply an astringent Emplaster The End of the Ninth Book THE TENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Intestines or Guts The PREFACE THE Perfection of all Nourishment consists in these Three Operations to Ingest Digest and Egest that is To take in Concoct and send forth The first respects the Appetite The second the Concoction belongs to the Stomach But the third respects the Intestines whose office of Egestion or sending forth being moderate and according to the rules of Nature brings great benefit to the whol Body On the contrary if it be defective as in the binding of the Belly or abound as in divers Fluxes there arise divers greivous Diseases Moreover the reteining of superfluous things doth cause Chollicks Iliacks and Hemorrhoids And finally putrifactions in the Guts doth not only produce Fluxes but Worms That all these may be severally Explained this Book shall contain Eleven Chapters The First is of the Chollick The Second of the Iliack Passion The Third of binding of the Belly The
are certain Tumors of the Skin which being wrinkled if it swel by Humors it is called Condyloma It is distinguished from a Hemorrhoid because a Hemorrhoid is greater black and round in a Vein but this is long of the same color and not in the Veins Thymi are carnous swellings which are not only in the Fundament but Privities of Men and Women like Warts and like the flowers of Thyme from whence they have their name These are little white or reddish without pain but the Hemorrhoids are greater black for the most part painful Fici are also fleshy Swellings but greater than Thymi also they are blew and painful and therefore more like Hemorrhoids but they are distinguished from them because they are all flesh but the Hemorrhoids shew the Veins full and enlarged at the ends Moreover Fici for the most part ulcerate and are malignant so that they are like a Cancer Those Caruncles or pieces of flesh which grow in the Fundament are like these Fici called Cristae or Tufts usual in Italy but unusual among us because they come from an impure and unnatural Lechery they look like the Combs of Cocks and thence they have their name Because they are nothing like the Hemorrhoids they need no distinction But let this be for a Conclusion All the aforesaid Diseases are cured only by Chyrurgery so that a peculiar way is not to be layed down here As for the Prognostick The Swelling Hemorrhoids they are seldom dangerous but somtimes so inflamed that you may fear a Gangrene or else they extreamly torment the Patient Hemorrhoids if they come to Suppuration or an Ulcer often times leave a Fistula which is many times incurable by reason of the tenderness of the part and the great moisture which hindereth the healing of it For the Cure hereof first let blood in the Arm and make a Revulsion from the part affected Which being sufficiently done you may also open the Vein in the Ancle for revulsion The same is done by Cupping of the Hypochondria for Revulsion and the Hipps for Derivation Strong Purges are not good in this case because they draw the Humors to the part and encrease the Tumor But you must constantly keep the Body open because hard Excrements and voided with straning encrease pain An Infusion of Cassia given morning and evening is good for this thus made Take of Lettice Bugloss tops Mallows of each one handful Liquoris scraped and Raisons sioned of each half an ounce Bugloss Borrage and Violet flowers of each one pugil Boyl them to eight ounces In the straining infuse Cassia new drawn one ounce strain it and clarifie it and then put thereto one ounce of Syrup of Violets Give it twice a day as aforesaid Somtimes to asswage the sharpness of the Humor you may give the Emulsions of the cold Seeds made with the aforesaid Decoction In the mean while divers Topicks are to be used to appease pain take away Inflamation and discuss the Humor Or Oyl of sweet Almonds newly drawn and which is better the Oyl of Peach Kernels or Gourd Seeds Poppy or Henbane Seeds Oyl of Box-tree is best because it is stupifying And as it cures all Tooth-ach miraculously so doth it mitigate all other and this if you lay but a drop with a little Lint upon the Hemorrhoids or if you mix it with Lin-seed Oyl in this proportion that there be half an ounce of that and one scruple of Oyl of Box. Quercetan highly commends the Oyl of Nuts in which Sows or Hog-lice have been boyled You may also boyl Hog-lice in common Oyl and it will much asswage pain Plain Oyl of Eggs or made in a Leaden Mortar doth the same Divers Liniments and Oyntments may be prescribed for the same Some whereof do only appease pain some discuss the Tumor and dry others heat the Ulcers And you may apply them with Lint Take one Yolk of an Egg as much Oyl of Roses or Violets as will make a Liniment To which if you put Populeon it will asswage pain better and when the pain is very violent you may add a little Opium Or Take of Hens Grease half an ounce the pap of an Apple roasted in the Embers one ounce Saffron half a dram Populeon half an ounce With the Yolk of one Egg make a Liniment Or Take of Oyl of Violets two ounces Populeon half an ounce With one whol Egg make an Oyntment or let the white of an Egg be beaten with Breast-milk and applied to the part with clouts dipped therein Or Take of the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds two ounces Oyl of Violets three ounces Make a Liniment Or Take of the Mucilage of Fleabane and Foenugreek seeds extracted with Wine of each two drams Fresh Butter three ounces Goats Suet one ounce Mix them in a Leaden Mortar for a Liniment Or Butter alone set in a Leaden Mortar in the Sun till it wax black is an excellent Medicine Also fresh Pomatum is very Anodine Take of the Juyce of Purslain and Honey of each four ounces Mix them in a Leaden Mortar into the form of a Liniment Take of Vnguent of Roses two ounces Quick-silver two drams Mix them into a Liniment Or Take of white Diachylon mollified with the Oyl of Chamomel two ounces Saffron one scruple Opium three grains Make an Vnguent Horstius much commends an Oyntment made of wild Flax with its flowers boyled in Hogs grease To which being strained and a little cooled you must add the Yolk of an Egg and apply it to the part with Lint He saith that it asswageth these kind of pains miraculously and that he had from John Wolf that famous Physitian of Hesse who refused to discover it to his Prince the Landgrave of Hesse till he promised him every yeer a fatted Ox. These Liniments following are good to discuss the Tumor and asswage pain Take Leeks and roast them in a wet cloth in the embers and beat them with fresh Butter and they will take away pain and swelling A red Onion doth the same boyled with the pap of a Lilly and beaten with Oyl of Myrtles Take the Oyl of Peach Kernels and bitter Almonds of each two ounces Liquid Storax and Bdellium of each two drams Dissolve them in Oleo and mix them for a Liniment The Balsom of Sulphur made of the Flower of Brimstone and Spirit of Turpentine is good to asswage pain and swelling and to clense the Ulcers of those parts And better if instead of Oyl of Turpentine you use the Oyl of St Johns-wort and of Eggs. Also when there is great swelling with Inflamation you may use Oyl of Roses or of Violets instead of the Oyls aforesaid Also Cataplasms are good for the same purpose Of which the most common for taking away all pains is that of white Bread and Milk boyled adding Oyl of Roses and Yolks of Eggs. Aquapendens commends a Cataplasm of Plantane Pellitory of the wall and Mallows boyled in Water and after with Oyl of Roses to
the womb Head-ach coming from the womb is known because the Patient hath not her Courses right the pain does chiefly trouble her or is most increased at or neer the time of her Courses flowing and her womb is out of order Also we may distinguish whether an Humor or a Vapor cause this pain for if the pain be not great heavy and pressing and come by fits it comes certainly from a Vapor but if the pain be continual joyned with heaviness it shews an Humor contained in the part which if it be Chollerick the pain is biting pricking and acute or sharp if it be Flegmatick it causes sleepiness if Melancholly Sadness Pantings of the Heart and beatings of the Arteries about the short Ribs and Back Diseases of the Stomach Liver and Spleen and divers pains may be conceived to arise from the womb if these other Signs and Symptoms of the womb affected before recited be likewise present As also if by putting sweet smelling things to the water-gate and stinking things to the Nose the Patient do find some kind of ease What concerns the Prognostick or Predictions of this Disease It it is a malady which seldom kiils the Patients but use to stick a long time by them But somtimes they are in danger of death by reason of swooning fits that happen or by some extraordinary Convulsion Likewise if the fits are frequent and hard to be removed it is to be feared lest Respiration being so often hurt the Native heat should be suffocated and the Patient come to die The Womb-paision is worst in which more parts are drawn into consent and that is bad which springs from corrupted Seed or from a long suppression of the monthly Courses In Elderly persons this Disease is hardly curable because of that plenty of Corruption wherewith they are wont to abound In yonger VVomen it commonly ceases when they begin to bring forth Children In VVomen with Child and that lie in Child-bed it is a dangerous Disease in the former for fear of Miscarriage in the latter because of their weakness after Child-bearing For a VVoman troubled with these VVomb-fits to sneeze is good for it signifies strength of Brain and by the motion of sneezing the Malignant Vapors which besiege the Brain are discussed and likewise the vitious Humors contained in the VVomb evacuated A twofold Cure belongs to this Infirmity one in the fit another out of the fit In the fit those vapors which cause it are to be discussed and drawn back from the part affected the Humors contained in the VVomb which send up those Vapors must be voided and the VVomb when it is removed out of its proper place which often happens according to Hippocrates must be restored to the same again First therefore The sick party must be laid upon a bed in such a posture that her Neck and Shoulders lie high and sloaping but her Thighs and Privy parts lie low and shooting downwards for so the VVomb is more easily reduced Then must her lower parts be tied very hard so as to cause pain likewise they must be well rubbed and chased also Cupping-glasses are to be set upon her Hips and a very large Cupping-glass set upon her Share is very profitable But take heed that you do not apply a Cupping-glass upon the Patients Navel which many ignorantly are wont to do for by that means the VVomb is drawn upwards again VVhen Convulsions happen or swooning fits hard rubbings with course cloaths are good upon the soals of the Feet also with Vinegar and Salt it is good likewise to pluck off some Hairs from the Head and Share to cramp the fingers or the Patient whoop aloud in her ears and such like It is also good to lay unto the soals of her Feet this Epispastick or drawing Cataplasm or Pultis Take Leaves of Artemisia Mugwort Feaverfew Rhue of each a handful Sage half a handful Pidgeons dung poudered three ounces Black Soap an ounce and an half Amber Frankinsence Masticb poudered of each a dram and an half Juyce of Rue and Vinegar allayed with Water as much as sufficeth to make all into a Cataplasm At the same time stinking and strong smelling things are to be put unto her Nose as Partridg feathers burnt old Leather burnt and Brimstone fired Jeat or Agate Oyl a Pomander of Assafoetida Castoreum Galbanum Rue moistened with Syrup of Artemisia or with Vinegar Garlands of Rue Tanzy Wormwood But if the VVoman be Epileptick or subject to the Falling-sickness we must abstain from the stronger things before mentioned because the Brain being therewith offended is put into a Commotion by which means the Humors are tumbled suddenly into the Ventricles thereof and the Syptomes are made more grievous The smoak of Tobacco blown into the Mouth and Nostrils of the Patient does quickly free her from the fit Contrarywise sweet smelling things must be put unto the VVomb as some grains of Musk or Civet wrapped in Cotton-wool The following Pouder may be blown up her Nostrils Take white Pepper Mustard seed Pellitory Castoreum of each one scruple make it into a very fine Pouder If the Patient be very much oppressed with her fit let her be provoked to sneeze according to that Aphorism of Hippocrates his 5. Section 35. To a Woman troubled with Womb-fits or hard Labor if she happen to neeze it is good Neezing is many times provoked by the foresaid Pouder and if that alone will not do it a little white Hellebore or Euphorbium may be added Also Oyl of Amber or Agates may be anointed upon her Nostrils But laxative and wind-expelling Clysters do exceed all other Medicaments in discussing such filthy Vapors as cause the fit which may be made after this manner Take Mercury Leaves Pellitory of the wall Mugwort Penyroyal Rue Calaminth of each one handful Caraway seeds Cummin seeds and Bayberries of each two drams Boyl all to a pint and an half In the straining dissolve Hiera Picra and Benedicta laxativa of each six drams Oyl of Rue three ounces Camphire half a scruple Mix all into a Clyster If the first Clyster be not sufficient another must be given of the same or such like Decoction dissolving therein Diaphoenicon ten drams Turpentine dissolved with the white of an Egg one ounce the aforesaid Oyl and half a scruple of Camphire dissolved in Oyl of Water lillies And in a word The Disease continuing a third Clyster must be given meerly Hysterical and discussing but not purging which will be very effectual compounded after this manner Take Oyl of Rue four ounces Aqua vitae one ounce Canary Sack three quarters of a pint Galbanum two drams Mix all and make a Clyster and administer the same after a Laxative Clyster A Clyster of Vinegar tempered with Water does presently asswage the Mother-sit by compressing and coagulating the vapors which cause the same The same does a draught of Vinegar allaied with water being taken in at the mouth Authors do likewise counsel that