a 〈◊〉 Primrose with the red floures and primrose with the white 783 Tree Primrose 475 Priuate or Prim print 1394 Mocke 1395 Bastard 1397 Fruitelesse 1398 Prunell 632 Pudding grasse i. Pennyroyall Pudding pipe 1431 Puffe fists 1584 Puliall Mountaine 572 〈◊〉 from 1209 to 1253 Purslane 521 〈◊〉 524 Water Purstane 614 Purple moth 〈◊〉 778 Purple wort 1199 Sheepheards purse 276 Q QUacsaluers spurge 503 Quacksaluers 〈◊〉 500 Quakers or quaking grasse 86 Queenes Gillofloures 463 Queene of the Medows that is 〈◊〉 Queene Mother herbe i. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Quickbeane and quickentree i. Wilde ash 1473 Quickly gone floure id est Uenice Mallow Quichgrasse i Dogs grasse 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 Quince 〈◊〉 1452 R RAbone 〈◊〉 Radish Racket i. Rocket Radish and his kindes 237. 238 Horse or mountaine 241 Rapwort 280 〈◊〉 241 Raisons of the Suune 877 Rampions and his kindes 454 Ramsons 179 Ram of 〈◊〉 i. Christs thorne Ram or Harts thorne 1334 Ram Laxatiue 1337 Ramps 835 Rape and his kindes 232 Rape Crowfoot 953 Rape Broome see Drobanch Rape Cole 318 Raspes or Frambales and his kindes 1272 Yellow Rattle or White Rattle 1071 Red Rattle or Rattle grasse 1072 Red Cole 313 Red Curans 1593 Reed and his kindes 36. 37 Reeds mace i. 〈◊〉 Reedegrasse i. But Reed Reed wilde 7 Thorny of Peru 1179 Sweet i. Calamus Aromaticus 63 Sweet or 〈◊〉 38 Red ray i. 〈◊〉 Rest harrow 1323 Rhein 〈◊〉 1337 Ribwort and his kindes 422 Rocket 247 Rock Rose 1595. 1596 Sheepheards Rod that is Wilde 〈◊〉 Rogation floure 564 Romane Beanes 1216 Romaine Pease 1221 Rose and his kindes from 1259 to 1270 Rose Bay or Rose Bay tree 1406 Dwarfe Rose Bay 477. 1407 Rose 〈◊〉 1425 English Rose Willow 1390 Rose wood 1624 Ros solis i. Sundeaw 1556 Wilde Rose 1269 Rosewort er roseroot 532 Water Rose see water 〈◊〉 Winter see Hollyhocke Campion 467 Wilde Campion 469 Ruby 387 Rosemary and his kindes 1292 White Rot 〈◊〉 Red Rot i. 〈◊〉 1556 Roote of the holy Ghost 999 〈◊〉 1221 Rubarbe and his kindes 393. 499 〈◊〉 Rubarbe 391 Bastard Rubarbe 391 English Bastard Rubarbe 1252 Ruddes i. Marigolds Rue and his kindes 1255 Wall Rue or Rue Maiden haire 1144 Rupture wort 569. 1594 Rush Sea grasse 44 Rushleeke or sweth 176 Common Rush 〈◊〉 Bull or water Rush 34 Sharpe or hard Rush 35 Rush Daffodill 〈◊〉 his kindes 129 Rush grasst 4 Rushy sea grasse 21 Ryce 79 Rye and his kindes 68 S SAffron and his kindes from 151 to 157 〈◊〉 Saffron 152. 153 c. Bastard Saffron and his kindes 1170 Wilde Bastard 1171 Sage and his kindes 764. 〈◊〉 Sage Rose and his kindes 1275. 1276 French Sage looke Verbascum Matthioli 767 Sage Mullein ib. Sage of Ierusalem 808 Sage of Bethlem ib. Saligot or 〈◊〉 nuts and his kindes 823 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and his kindes 〈◊〉 904 905 Salt wort and his kindes looke Sea Grape 〈◊〉 Blacke Saltwort 562 Sallow see willow 1390 Sampier and his 〈◊〉 533 Sandeuer 535 Sandwoort 428 Sanicle and his kindes 948 Neesewort Sanicle 949 Mountaine or 〈◊〉 Sanicle 788 〈◊〉 parilla 859 〈◊〉 consound or Saracens Countrey or woundwoort 429 Saracens Birthwoort 847 〈◊〉 or ague tree 1525 Sattin or Sattin floure and his kindes 464 Satyreon and his kinds from 205 to 128 Sauory and his kindes 575. 576 Sauin and his kindes 1376 Sawce Sumach 1474 Saunders tree 1586 Saucealone i. Iacke by the hedge Saucewoort 713 English Saxifrage 1047 Burnct Saxifrage 1044 White and golden Saxifrage 847 Saxifrage of the Ancients 604 Scabious and his kindes 719 and so to 725 Siluer Scabious 730 〈◊〉 or stony 〈◊〉 1136 Scabwoort i. Elecampane Scammony and his kindes 866 Scariole 283 Scarlet Oke 1342 〈◊〉 grasse i. Wilde cresses 〈◊〉 43 Close Scienses i. Dames violets Shepheards Scrip 276 Scorpion grasse and his kindes 337. 338 Scordium i. water 〈◊〉 661 〈◊〉 736 〈◊〉 = grasse i. Spoonewort 401 Scottish Scuruie grasse 838 Sea 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 ib. Sea Feather 1616 Sea Fan 1617 Sea 〈◊〉 171 Sea Lentill 1615 Sea Spskegrasse 20 Sea dogs grasse 25 Sebesten or 〈◊〉 plumme 1499 Selfe heale and his kindes 632 〈◊〉 bush 1297 Bastard Sene or Sene tree 1299 Sengreene 510 Water 〈◊〉 826 Field Senuie Mustard Sensitiue herbe 1599 Serpents tongue see 〈◊〉 tongue Seraptas stones 222. 223 c. Seruice tree 1471 Wilde Seruice tree 1473 〈◊〉 or bastard 〈◊〉 493 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 pulse 1232 〈◊〉 i. Hartwoort 1050 〈◊〉 of Candy ib. Mountaine Setwall i. Nardus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 Setter grasse 976 Setterwort ib. Setwall 1076. 1076. 1077 Shadow grasse see woodgrasse Shane grasse i. 〈◊〉 Sharewort 490 Shepheards needle 1040 Shepheards purse scrip or pouch 276 〈◊〉 grasse 7 〈◊〉 tree 1509 〈◊〉 see Bugle 〈◊〉 mountaine 1048 〈◊〉 Sumach 1476 Siluer 〈◊〉 and his kindes 730 Siluer Thistle 1149 Siluer weed id est Wilde Tansie 993 Sinkfield 987. 988 Skirtwort 1026 Ladies 〈◊〉 443 〈◊〉 1497 Smallage and his kindes 1015 Small hard grasse 4 Garden Smilax 1211 Snake weed and his kindes 399 of Uirginia 848 Snakes Buglosse 802 Snakes Garlicke 181 Snaile 〈◊〉 1199 〈◊〉 and his kindes 549 〈◊〉 606. 607 Souldiers Yarrow 1074 〈◊〉 fooles and his kindes 147 148 〈◊〉 wort and his kindes 444 Sorbe tree and his kindes 1471 〈◊〉 and his kindes 397. 398 Sorrell du Bois 1202 Sorrowfull 〈◊〉 1527 Sothern wood and his kindes 1105 Sowbread and his kindes 843. 844 Southistle and his kindes 292 Spanish broome or Spanish base broomes 1314 Sparrowes tongue i. 〈◊〉 also see 554 Sparrowes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 554 Speare for a King 94 〈◊〉 and his kindes 961 Speare Crowfoot 961 Speed well looke Fluellen 627 〈◊〉 and his kindes 69 〈◊〉 i. Hankeweed Sperage i. asparagus Sporage Beanes i. French Beanes Spicknell 1052 Bastard 〈◊〉 ib. Spiderwort 57. 58. 59 Spiked 〈◊〉 grosse 13 Spike 〈◊〉 grasse 22 Spignell i. Bald mony 1052 Water Spike 821 822 Spiknard 1080 Rough or wilde Spleenewort 1140 Spinage and his kindes 〈◊〉 Spindel tree 1468 Spleenewoort and his kindes 1140. 1141 Spurg and his kindes 497 to 505 Heath spurge 1595. 1596 Spurgwoort 〈◊〉 stinking gladin Spurge Oliue or widow 〈◊〉 1402 Germaine oliue spurg 1403 Spurge flax or mountaine widdow 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Spurge Laurell 1405 Squill i. 〈◊〉 Onion 171 Squinanth 43 Staffe tree 1600 Stagerwort or Stauerwoort see Ragwort Standergrasse i. Dogs Cullions Starch corne 69 Starchwort 834 Sea starwort 413 Starre 〈◊〉 1166 Staues acre 495 Starwort or Sharewort and his kindes 490 491. 492 Stars of Bethlehem 165 Starres of Ierusalem id est Iosephs floure Staechados and his kindes 585 Golden 〈◊〉 646 Stichwort 47 Stocke Gillofloures and his kindes 456 Stone 〈◊〉 1203 Stonecrop 517 Stone hore i. stone Pepper or stone Crop 517 White and golden stonebreake 841 Stonywood that is turned to a stone 1587 Storkes bill and his kindes 938. 939. 940 〈◊〉 Storkesbill 941 〈◊〉 Storkesbill 945 Storax tree 1526 Straked grasse 26 Strangle Weed and strangle tare i. 〈◊〉 Strawberry and his kindes 997 Strawberry tree or 〈◊〉 tree 1496 Strawberry bay 1602 Stabwort i.
Flos Africanus Tahaleb i. 〈◊〉 Tamecnemum Cordi i. Vaccaria Tarifilon 〈◊〉 i. Trifolium 〈◊〉 Tatula 〈◊〉 i. Stramonia Tatoula Turcis i. Pomum spinosum Tamus Dodon i. Bryonia nigra Taraxacon i. Dens Leonis Tarfa i. Tamariscus Teda arbor i. Pinus syluestris Terzola Baptistae Sardi i. Eupatorium cannabinum Tetrahit i. herba Iudaica Terdina 〈◊〉 i. Phu magnum Terpentaria i. Betonica Aquatica Teliphano i. Doronicum Thina i. Larix 〈◊〉 i. Morus Thuia Theophrasti i. Arbor vitae Thysselium i. Apium syluestre Thymbra i. Satureia Tornsol 〈◊〉 i. Heliotropium Topiaria i. Acanthus 〈◊〉 Dactyius id est Laurocerasus Tragium i. Fraxinella Tragium Germanicum i. Atriplex 〈◊〉 Tremula i. Populus Lybica Trifolium 〈◊〉 id est Trifoliumpalustre Trifolium cochleatum i. Medica Trifolium fruticans i. 〈◊〉 Trifolium Asphaltites i. Trifolium bituminosum Tuber terrae i. 〈◊〉 Turbith i. Thapsia Turbith Auiceunae i. Tripolium Typhium Theophrast i. Tussilago V VEsicariaperegrina i. Pisum cordatum Veelgutta Dod. i. Petroselinum Veratrum i. Helleborus Veratrism 〈◊〉 Dios. i. Astrantia nigra Verbascula i. Primula veris. Verdelhel Haliah i. Ranunculus Victoriola i. Hippoglossum Vitis alba i. Bryonia Vitis Idaea i. Vaccinia Virga sanguinea Matthioli i. Cornus foe mina Virga pastoris i. Dipsacus Vitalis 〈◊〉 Crassula Vitalba i. Viorna 〈◊〉 i. Momordica Vincetoxicum i. 〈◊〉 Viola nigra i. Viola martia Viola 〈◊〉 i. Viola 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Visnaga i. Gingidium 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Cotyledon 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 Vngula caballina i. 〈◊〉 Vlticana i. Solanum somniferum Vlpicum Columellae i. Allium 〈◊〉 i. dens leonis 〈◊〉 i. Muscus Vua 〈◊〉 Marcelli i. Sambucus aquatica 〈◊〉 taminia i. Bryonia nigra 〈◊〉 lupina i. Herba Paris Vuaversa i. Herba Paris Vuavulpis i. Solanum hortense 〈◊〉 i. Hippoglossum 〈◊〉 i. Laurus Alexandrina 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Trachelium Vulvaria i. Atriplex olida Vulgago Maceri i. Asarum Vncata Caya i. Stramonia X XAier i. Alniriem Libanot is Xanium i. Melanthium Xylon i. Gossipium Xylocaracta i. Ceratia siliqua Xyphium i. Gladiolus Y 〈◊〉 i. Anetum Z ZAhara Auicennae id est Anthyllis Lobel Zaiton i. Olea Zarund i. Aristolochia Zarza parilla i. Sarsae parilla Zerumbeth i. Zedoaria Zizania i. Lolium Zinziber caninum i. Capsicum Ziziphus 〈◊〉 Iuiubae Ziziphus alba i. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ziziphus alba 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A Table of such English names as are attributed to the Herbes Shrubs and Trees mentioned in this Historie A 〈◊〉 1449 〈◊〉 1331 〈◊〉 968. 969 〈◊〉 that is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apple 1464. 1516 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Dogs ballocks Adderwort i. Snake 〈◊〉 Adders tongue 404 African Marigold 750 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 347 Agaricke 1365 〈◊〉 712 〈◊〉 and water Agrimony 711 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1387 Ague tree 1525 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. false Mercury 〈◊〉 i. Henry or English Mercury 〈◊〉 1003. 1005 〈◊〉 i. ground 〈◊〉 Alexanders or 〈◊〉 1019 Alexanders foot 〈◊〉 Pellitory of Spaine 〈◊〉 or Alder and his kindes 1469 1477 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 324 Alleluya i. wood 〈◊〉 Almond 〈◊〉 1445 Almond of 〈◊〉 1552 Almond Plum tree 1497 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 and his kindes 507 〈◊〉 i. winter Cherry 〈◊〉 or wilde 〈◊〉 800 Ameos and his kindes 1036 Ambrosy i. 〈◊〉 gods food 1108 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 69 Anacardium i. 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 1544 Anemone and his kindes 〈◊〉 374. 〈◊〉 386 Anise or 〈◊〉 seed 1035 〈◊〉 i. Dill 1033 〈◊〉 and his 〈◊〉 999 〈◊〉 or stinking ground pine 622 Anthora 969 Apple and his kindes 1459 Apple of the earth 845 Apples of loue or golden Apples 346 〈◊〉 Apples or of Peru 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 348 Apples of 〈◊〉 363 mad Apples 345 〈◊〉 1449 Arach and his kindes 324 Archangel and his kindes 702 blacks Archangell i. 〈◊〉 Horehound 702 water 〈◊〉 or Arrowhead his kinds 416 〈◊〉 tree or Strawberry tree 1496 Arched tree looke 〈◊〉 Fig tres 1514 〈◊〉 i. bastard 〈◊〉 his kinds 373. 〈◊〉 846 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 63 〈◊〉 834 〈◊〉 1153 〈◊〉 i. water 〈◊〉 445 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 836 〈◊〉 and his kindes 1110 Aspe tree or 〈◊〉 tree 1487 〈◊〉 and his kinds from 93 to 97 Ash tree 1472 Ash keyes ibid. Wilde Ash or Quicken tree 1473 Asses 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1332 Assyrian Apple tree 1474 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1499 Avens and his kindes 994 995 〈◊〉 1233 Axsoed ib Axwort ibid. Ayshweed 1001 〈◊〉 511 B 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 backe 〈◊〉 Baldmoine or Baldmony 532 533 Bastard Baldmony 1052 Ball 〈◊〉 1152 Balme 689. 690 Balme Mint 684 〈◊〉 684 〈◊〉 tree 1528 1530 Balme Apples see Apples of 〈◊〉 363 Balsam 〈◊〉 with the Fruit and 〈◊〉 1528 Ballocke grasse i. Dogs 〈◊〉 207 triple 〈◊〉 i. e. triple Lady traces 218 sweet 〈◊〉 218 Banewort i. 〈◊〉 961 〈◊〉 1516 S. Barbaraes herbe 243 Barberry bush and his kind 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and his kindes 70 〈◊〉 tree 1587 Barnacles or tree 〈◊〉 1587 S. Barnabees 〈◊〉 1166 Barrenwort 480 〈◊〉 and his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 wilde 〈◊〉 675 red Cow 〈◊〉 678 cow 〈◊〉 492 Bastard 〈◊〉 Box 〈◊〉 Batchelors 〈◊〉 472. 957 〈◊〉 and his 〈◊〉 689. 690 Bay 〈◊〉 and his 〈◊〉 1407. 1409 Bay willow or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 477 cherry Bay 1603 wilde Bay tres 1409 〈◊〉 Bay 1612 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1492 Beane 〈◊〉 1429 Beane 〈◊〉 897 Beane and his 〈◊〉 1209 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 1217 Bearded Grasse 16 Beares breeth 1147 Beares eare and his kindes 784 785 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 179 〈◊〉 1052 〈◊〉 976 〈◊〉 Ladies 〈◊〉 1126 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 450 451 Indian 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1545 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 438 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 451 〈◊〉 bells 838 Bell 〈◊〉 450 451 〈◊〉 Bell 〈◊〉 455 〈◊〉 Bells 438 〈◊〉 and his kindes 319 〈◊〉 tree 1444 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1444 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1028 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 554 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 678 〈◊〉 602 〈◊〉 5 Bertram 758 Betle or Betre i. Bastard pepper 〈◊〉 Pauis Betony and his kinds 629 Betony 714 water Betony 715 Big or big Barley 70 Bindeweed and his kindes from 861 to 865 Sea Bindeweed or Withweed 838 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 859 Blew Bindeweed 865 purging 〈◊〉 866 〈◊〉 Inchanters Nightshade 352 Bishops weed 1036 Bishops leaues 715 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 1417 Birch tree 1478 Birds tongue 1565 Birds foot 1241 Birds 〈◊〉 783 Birds nest 228 Birthwort and his kindes 846. 847 Bistort and his kindes 399 Bitter sweet 350 Bitter worts 533 Blacke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Bramble 〈◊〉 Bladder nut 1437 〈◊〉 ball i. 〈◊〉 bottle Blessed thistle 1171 Blew bottle 732 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 320 Bloodwort i. Bloody Docke 389 Bloodstrange i. Mouse taile 426 May Blossomes i. Conual 〈◊〉 410 Bolbonac i. white satten 464 Bombast or Bumbast 901 〈◊〉 and his kindes 797. 807 Boots 818 Box thorne 1332 〈◊〉 Box. or ground Box 1410 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Box 1597 Box tree 1410 Bramble bush 1272 Brake and his kindes see 〈◊〉 Branch pease 1221 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1147 Bright wheat 66 〈◊〉 wort i. Sow Fennel 1053 Bryonie and his kindes 869 Indian Briony i. 〈◊〉 Broome and his kindes 1311 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1311 〈◊〉 Brief bush see 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 bush i. Hep tree 1271 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 mustard 〈◊〉 716 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1316 〈◊〉 Spanish 〈◊〉 1318 Brooke 〈◊〉
829 Dug tree 1609 Dunce downe i. Cats tafle 46 Dwale Nightshade 339 Dwarte grasse red and white 3 Dwarfe Cistus 1284 E EAsterlin Priuet 1396 Eglautine sweet 〈◊〉 Egrimonte 〈◊〉 712 Egyptian Wormwood 1101 Egyptian thorne 1330 Egyptians herbe i. water Horehound 700 Egyptian Fig tree 1509 Egyptian Malberry tree ib. Elder and his kindes 142 c. marish 1425 dwarfe 1426 Elwe and his kindes 1481. 1482 Elichore see Hellebore Elecampane 793 Endiue and his kindes 281 282 〈◊〉 284 English Mercury 329 Eringus and his kindes 1162 Ers i. bitter 〈◊〉 1231 Earth nut 1064 Ethyopian pepper 1539 Ethiopian Mullein 779 Euphorbium i. gum 〈◊〉 1178 Torch or thorny 1179 Ew or Yew tree 1370 Eyebright 663 Euer green Priuet 1398 Euer green thorne 1604 F Three Faces in a hood 855 Faire haired Iacinth 117 False Mercury 〈◊〉 All-good 329 Faseles 1209 Feaberry bush 1324 Feather top grasse 9 Felwort and his kindes 432. 433 Hollow leafed 435 Bastard 436 Fennel and his kindes 1032 Fennel gyant i 〈◊〉 1056 Fen berry 〈◊〉 Marish worts 1419 Sow Feunel 1055 Fennal tree 1530 Fenny stones 222 Fenngreeke and his kindes 1196 Ferne and his kindes 1128 wall 1132 1133 water 1131 petty 1136 blacke Oke 1137 Oke ib. dwarse 〈◊〉 1143 Feddersew or Fiuerscw 652 Fig tree 1510 dwarfe ib. Figwort i. small Celandins 816 Fig beane 1217 arched or vaulted Fig tree 1514 Indian Fig tree with the fruie 1512 Filberd tree 1438 Filipenvula and his kindes i. 〈◊〉 1058 Fir tree 1363 〈◊〉 nut tree 1436 Wolfes Fitts 1584 Red Fitching 1245 Bitter Fitch 1225 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 1227. 1228 Indian Fitch 1627 Fingered 〈◊〉 220 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 991 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 grasse his 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from 987 to 992 〈◊〉 Flag 104 Wilde Flag and his kindes 50 garden 〈◊〉 556 Wilde 558 to 560 〈◊〉 flax and Flax-weed with his kinds from 550 to 555 〈◊〉 Wheat i. White Wheat Fleahane Mullet 481 Fiea wort and his kindes 587 Flymilke wort 563 Flybane and his kindes see Catch fly 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 1068 Florence Floure de Iuce 52 Flotegrasse or Flotergrasse 14 〈◊〉 gentle or Floure of 〈◊〉 his kinds 322. 323 Wilde Floure gentle looke Blitum 〈◊〉 321 Floure of Constant snople or of 〈◊〉 467 Floure of Candy or of Jerusalem ib. Floure belure i. Passe velours 333 Sunne 751 〈◊〉 387 Floure de Iuce and his kindes from 50 to 59 bulbed from 99 to 102 Idols golden Floure 645 soonc fading Floure 936 Flouring Reed 39 Floreamor or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 floure i. floure gentle 322 female 〈◊〉 625 his kindes 627 Demy gods food i. 〈◊〉 1108 looke Oke of Paradise Folefoot i. Colts foot sea Folefoot 838 Fooles stones 208 Forebit 726 Forget menot i. ground Pine 527 Foure leafed graise 1198 For gloues or finger floure and his kinds 790 Fox stones 207 Fox 〈◊〉 and his kindes 87 Fox talie grasse 10. 11 Forcible plant see Bupleurum Framboise i. Rosyis 1272 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 spurry 1125 〈◊〉 Rosemary 1010 Frankincense tree 1435 Fricseland Drchis 219 Fresh water souldier i. water Sengreen 826 French Mercury 332 French Sage or wooddy Muliein 767 Starwort 486 Marygold and his kindes 749 Mallowes 931 Leekes or Mine leekes 176 Lungwort 304 Lauander 585 Worm wood 1098 Beans 1211 Pease 1221 Wheat 89 Oke 1344 〈◊〉 pisse i. Urine wort 1079 〈◊〉 coule or Friers hood 835 Friers crowne 1152 Frog-bit 818 Frog grasse 535 Blood Frog grasse see Cragon 1117 diuers strange Indian 〈◊〉 from 1547 to 1556. Fullers 〈◊〉 1167 〈◊〉 and his kindes 1088 bulbous 190 Furrowed grasse 26 Futz and Futzen bushes 1319 Fusseballs 1583 G GAiiant i. Anemous Winde-floure English or Spanish 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 Galingai great and small 33 Gallow grasse i. Hempe Gall tree and Gail Oke with his kindes 1348 〈◊〉 564 Gardeners delight or Gardeners Eye 467 Gardrobe 1293 Garlicke and his kindes 178 c. Garlicke Sage 662 Garland thorne see 〈◊〉 thorne Garlicke Creaclewort or Garlickemustard and his kindes See 〈◊〉 mustard Stage or Harts Garlicke 179 Garlicke Germander see Scordium Garnsey violets i. e. Stocke 〈◊〉 Gaten or Gater tree 1467 〈◊〉 or sweet willow 1414 Gelded Satyrion 223 Geldres Rose 1425 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 and his Kindes 432 Germander and his kindes 656 great or tree 658 water or garlicke 661 Gessemine 892 〈◊〉 creep by the ground 856 〈◊〉 and his kindes 588 sea stocks 460 winter or Rogues 463 water 826 wilds 599 〈◊〉 600 wallor yellow stocke 457 Queenes Dames violets 463 bulbed stocke 147 stocke 458 Ginger 61 Ginny hen floure 149 Gith i. Nigella 1084 stinking Gladdon 〈◊〉 water Gladiole 29 Glassewort 535 Globe Crowsoot 559 Globe thistle 1151 Globe Daisy 637 Gods floure 647 Goodnight at nine before noone 936 Gold floure 645 Golden Mothwort or golden Cudweed 647 Golden floure of Peru 〈◊〉 Golden thistle 1155 Golden Thistle of Peru 401. 1156 Golden Trefoile 1123 Gold of pleasure 273 Goldylocks or golden mosse 1559 Golden Ox eye see Buphthalmum his kindes Golden floure gentle and Goldilockes 646 Goldenwort of Langucdocke 〈◊〉 Herbn Dorea Golden Saxafrage 841 Golden rod and his kindes 429 Golden Apples see Apples of Loue 346 Gold cup an Gold knop and his kindes 951 Degenerate French Golde or single French 〈◊〉 Looke Flos Africanus Goose tree i. Barnaclo tree brant or tree Geese 1587 Gorse i. Furz Gooseberry bush 1324 Goose grasse i. Cleaures 1122 Goose foot i. wilde 〈◊〉 329 Goose nest 228 Goose share i. Goose grasse 〈◊〉 to bed at noone 735 Geats beard i. 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 Goats Origan or Goats Matierome 668 Goats Raly see Tragon 1117 Goats thorne and his kindes 1328 Goats 〈◊〉 1252 Goats stones 210 Gourd and his kindes 923 wilde 915 Soutwort i. Herbe Gerard. Grace of God or S. Johns grasse See S. Johns wort 〈◊〉 Dei 581. 943 sea Grape see 〈◊〉 Grapes 876 sea Graps i. Raisons of the sea 1615 Grapewort that is Saint Christophers herbe Grape floure 118 musked 119 〈◊〉 grasse and his kindes 840 Grasse and his kindes from 1 to 31. Graines of Paradise 1542 Winter green 408 Greening weed and his kindes 1316 Gromil and his kindes 609 Gromil reed 88 wilde Gromil see 〈◊〉 555 Ground saligot i. land Caltrops Ground furz 1323 sea Ground Pine 622 Gum thistle i. 〈◊〉 Gutwort 507 Groundswell and his kindes 279 Gnaiacum tree 1611 H HAiry grasse 〈◊〉 19 Hairy wood grasse 19 Hardbeame 1479 Hares bells 111 Hares ballocke i. Fox stones Hares foot 〈◊〉 1192 Hares 〈◊〉 see Sonchus laeuis Hares eare 〈◊〉 Hares stones 225 Good King Harry i. English Mercury Harts case 855 Hartichoke see 〈◊〉 Hartworts of Candy 1049 stone Harts tongue 〈◊〉 Hartwort of Ethiopia 1421 Heart 〈◊〉 1190 Harts 〈◊〉 1206 Harte thorne 1338 Harts horne and Buckes horne 427 Harts tongue and his kindes 1138 〈◊〉 and his kindes 1010 Hartwort i. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hasel i. 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 tree Haselwort 536 〈◊〉 and his kindes 450 〈◊〉 Fetch 1236 Hather see 〈◊〉 Hauke weed and his Kindes from 296 to 293. also 305 1625 Hauer i. Dats Grasse 73 Hawthorne tree 1327 Heals
dog 465 Hetons bill 940 Heath of 〈◊〉 or Heath rose 1386 Heath and 〈◊〉 kindes 1380. to 1386 spurge 1505 Hedgehog 〈◊〉 1177 Hedgehog grasse 17 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 302 Hedge 〈◊〉 861 〈◊〉 Hyssop 564 581 〈◊〉 and his Kindes White 440 blacke 978 blacke 〈◊〉 of Dioscorides 1002 〈◊〉 rd blacke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 976 Helmet floure 972 yellow Helmet floure 970 Hemiocke and his Kindes 1061. 1062 Hempe and his Kindes 708 Hempe tree 1487 Wilde or 〈◊〉 Hempt 709 Water Hompe 711 Henbane and his Kindes 353. to 359 of 〈◊〉 358 yellow 356 Henne 8 Heubit 617 Hens bill see Onobrychis Hens foot i. Hedge 〈◊〉 Hens 〈◊〉 see Cocks combe Good Henry 〈◊〉 English Mercury Hep tree 1269 Herbe 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Herbe Ferula 1056 Herbe Carpenter 633 Herbe William 1036 Gerard i. 〈◊〉 1001 Paris 405 Grace i. 〈◊〉 and his Kindes Benet 996 〈◊〉 1203 Iuy i. Harts Horne 〈◊〉 Robert 939 Two pence 〈◊〉 Aloes 507 〈◊〉 or ground 〈◊〉 525 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 swimming herbe or Ducks meate 829 Herbe 〈◊〉 1010 holy Herbe 〈◊〉 Hercules his 〈◊〉 Wort 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 164 Hindeberry and his Kindes 1272 Hipwort 530 〈◊〉 hirse 83 Hissop and his Kindes 379 Hockes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hogs beans i. blew 〈◊〉 413 Hogs Fennell 1053 Holme Holly and Huluer with his kinds 1339 Holme or Holyoke 1342 Holyhocke and his Kinds 928 Holy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 blessed 〈◊〉 Holy seed 1101 Holly rose and his Kindes from 1275 to 1292 Sea Holly sea Holme sea Huluer 1162. 1163 bastard sea Hollies 1164 Holwort or Hollow root and his Kindes 190 Homlocks i. herbe Bennet 1061 Homlocks also is Filipendula Wilde or Water Homlocks 1063 Stinking Homlocke 1062 Small Honesty i. Pinckes Honewort 1018 Houywort sée 〈◊〉 538 Honysuckle and his Kindes 891 1294 1185 Hop and his Kindes 885 Hop 〈◊〉 1186 Hooded willow herbe 477 Hooke heale 633 Horehound and his Kindes 694 Wilde 702 Water or marish 700 blacke or stinking 701 Horne beame or Hard = beametree 1479 〈◊〉 sea Poppy 367 Horestrong or Horestrange 1055 Horse = tongue 908 Horse floure see Melampirum 90 Horse = heale i. Elecampane Horse hoofe 812 Horse foot 814 Horshooe 1235 〈◊〉 i. Shauegrafse and his kinds 1113 Horsemint 684 Water Housleeke 826 sea 〈◊〉 great 510 Hounds tongue or pisse 804 Hound-berry tree 1467 Hundred headed 〈◊〉 see Champion sea Holly 1163 〈◊〉 sickle i. Blew bottle Hyacinths see Jacinths Hyssop see 〈◊〉 I IAcke of the buttery 515 Iacke by the hedge i. 〈◊〉 garlickwort 796 Iacinth and his Kindes from 106 to 120 S Iames wort Ragwort 280 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Iesse 892 Iewes thorne i. 〈◊〉 thorne Ierusalem Artichoke 753 Imperiall Lilly or Crowne Imperiall 202 Incense root see Frankincense Rosematic Indian 〈◊〉 1080 reed i. Flouring reed 39 Molly or Molle 1530 Sun floure 751 Fig tree 1512 1514 Tobaco 358 〈◊〉 85 Wheat 83 〈◊〉 83 Mirabolans or plums 1500 〈◊〉 btlls 1545 nut trees 1522 Cresses 252 Pannicke 84 Beanes 1544 〈◊〉 1487 Moutner Sorrowfull tree 1527 Swallow wort i. 〈◊〉 899 leafe i. Tamalapatra 1534 Sweet Iohns and his kindes 599 Square S. Iohns wort 542 S Iohns wort and his Kindes 540 S. Iohns bread 1429 Iobs 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 88 Ione 〈◊〉 pin i. double 〈◊〉 Iosephs floure that is God to Bed at noone Ireos i. the root of the white Flower de iuce 〈◊〉 i. Hyssop 〈◊〉 i. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or wood made stones Italtan Fitch 1252 wood of life commonly called Lignum vitae 1495 〈◊〉 1369 Nanslwort 530 Datmeale looke Panicum 84 85 Rocket see Rheseda 277 Iucca or 〈◊〉 1543 Iudas tree 1428 Ivp and his Kindes 858 Ground Iuy 856 〈◊〉 and his Kindes 1372 1629 〈◊〉 tree 1501 the greater 1605 Ianos teares 718 Iupiters eye or beard 511 Iupiters distaffe 769 Iuray Darnell K KArse see Cresses S. Katharines 〈◊〉 1085 〈◊〉 233 Kernelwort 716 Kexc 1062 Kidney bean and his Kindes from 1211 to 1216 Kidney beane of Brasil 1214 Kidney beane of Egypt America 1214 1215 Kidney 〈◊〉 1240 Kik and 〈◊〉 see Palma Christi 496 Kindely 〈◊〉 i. Berried 〈◊〉 1376 Kings speare 96 King Cob i. Crowfoot Kipper nut 1064 Kite Keyes 1472 〈◊〉 Knapweed see 〈◊〉 Knée hulver 907 Knapweed and his Kindes 727 Knawell and Parsly 〈◊〉 i. small Saxifrage 566 Kneeholme 907 〈◊〉 grasse 15 Knights spurre 1083 Knights Milfoile 1074 Knights water Sengreen 826 gold Knops i. Crowfoot Knot berry 1630 〈◊〉 grasse 1565 1566. 1567 Knotty Couch grasse 23 L LAcca and his rotten tree 1533 Dur Ladies shooe see out Ladies slipper Ladies Bedstraw 1126 Our Ladies haire 1144 Ladies combe 1040 Ladies glasse see Uenns looking glasse Ladies bower 887 our Ladies 〈◊〉 1150 Lady 〈◊〉 26 Lady smocks 259 260 Ladies seale i. wilde Briony 871 Ladies 〈◊〉 1. great 〈◊〉 949 Lambes Lettuce 310 Lancashire 〈◊〉 96 Land 〈◊〉 1246 Londonets May bush i. White thorue 〈◊〉 or wilde 〈◊〉 798 〈◊〉 Spurge see Esula maior or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Larks spurre and Larkes heele or Larkes clam 1083 Larks spurre or Larks heele wolfes 〈◊〉 971. 973 Larch or Larix tree 1365 Laserwort 1006 Lauen der cotton 1019 Lauender spike 〈◊〉 sea Lauender 411 Launce for a Lad see Cats tasle 〈◊〉 of Alexondris 909 Laurel or Bay tree 1407 Laurel or spurge Laurell 1405 Leeke and his Kindes 174. 176 Leadwort 447. 1254 Leather 〈◊〉 1474 Lentilli and his 〈◊〉 1224 Lentiske or Masticke tree 1432 Leopards bane fee A 〈◊〉 969 Lettuce and his kindes 306. c. Liblong 590 Lichwale 609 Lignum 〈◊〉 1622 Lignum bite 1495. 1611 Lilly 〈◊〉 i May Lilly 410 red or purple 192. 193 great and small mountaine Lilly 196 200 Water 819 red at Constantinople 197 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lilly i. Moly White Lilly and also White Lilly of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Limon tree 1464 Limewort see Viscaria 601 Linden or Lins tree and his Kindes 1483 Ling see Heath Lingwort 441 Lions Turnep 236 Lions foot see Leontopodion 642 643 Lions leafe see Lions turnep Lions foot or paw 949 Liquerice or Licorice and his Kindes 1302 Liriconfancy i. May Lilly Liue in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 long i. Spanish Orpine Liuer wort and his Kindes 1565 white 840 wood 1567 noble Linerwort i. Garden Trefoile 1203 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 955 London Tufts 599 Lockrom Goulons 955 London Tufts 599 Lote tree 1493 Louage 1008 bastard 1048 Lonseherbe or Lousewort i. Stauesacre 〈◊〉 774 Louse 〈◊〉 1549 Loose strife i. Lysimachia 474 Lowry i. Louriel 1405 Lowsis grasss 977 Lungwort 304. 808. 1585 sea 1567 tree 1566 Lung floure 438 Luptues and his Kindes 1217 Lustwort i. Sun Dew Lysimachia i. Loose strife M Mad apples 345 Madder and his kindes 1118 Madney 1009 Galens Madwoort 465 Magydare 1007 〈◊〉 and his kindes 1143. 1144 1146 Common Maidenhaire 1146 Garden Mallow and his kindes 928 The Wilde Mallow 930 〈◊〉 Mallow or cut Mallow 931 Marsh Mallow 933 Yellow Mallow 935 Uenice Mallow 936 〈◊〉 1608 Mandrake and his kindes 352 Mannagrasse 27 Mapie and his kindes 1485 Maracocke 1592 Margerites herbs 637 Maricrome and his kindes 664 Wilde or bastard or ground Marierome 666 Goats Marierome 668 Map weed 757 〈◊〉 see
Allium siue Moly Virginianum ‡ ¶ The nature Galen saith Phalangium is of a drying qualitie by reason of the tenuitie of parts ¶ The vertues Dioscorides saith That the leaues seed and floures or any of them drunke in Wine preuaileth against the bitings of Scorpions and against the stinging and biting of the Spider called Phalangium and all other venomous beasts The roots tunned vp in new ale and drunke for a moneth together expelleth poyson yea although it haue vniuersally spred it selfe through the body CHAP. 40. Of the Floure de-luce ¶ The kindes THere be many kindes of Iris or Floure de-luce whereof some are tall and great some little small and low some smell exceeding sweet in the root some haue no smell at all some floures are sweet in smell and some without some of one colour some of many colours mixed vertues attributed to some others not remembred some haue tuberous or knobby roots others bulbous or Onion roots some haue leaues like flags others like grasse or rushes ¶ The Description 1 THe common Floure de-luce hath long and large flaggy leaues like the blade of a sword with two edges amongst which spring vp smooth and plaine stalkes two foot long bearing floures toward the top compact of six leaues ioyned together whereof three that stand vpright are bent inward one toward another and in those leaues that hang downward there are certaine rough or hairie welts growing or rising from the nether part of the leafe vpward almost of a yellow colour The roots be thicke long and knobby with many 〈◊〉 threds hanging thereat 2 The water Floure de-luce or Water flag or Bastard Acorus is like vnto the garden Floure de-luce in roots leaues and stalkes but the leaues are much longer sometimes of the height of foure cubits and altogether narrower The floure is of a perfect yellow colour and the Root knobby like the other but being cut it seemeth to be of the colour of raw flesh 1 Iris vulgaris Floure de-luce 2 Iris palustris lutea Water-flags or Floure de-luce ¶ The place The Water Floure de-luce or yellow flag prospereth well in moist medows and in the borders and brinks of riuers ponds and standing lakes And although it be a water plant of nature yet being planted in gardens it prospereth well ¶ The Names Floure de-luce is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Athenaeus and Theophrastus reade 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as though they should say Consecratrix by which name it is also called of the Latines Radix Marica or rather Radix Naronica of the riuer Naron by which the best and greatest store do grow Whereupon Nicander in his Treacles commendeth it thus Iridem quam aluit Drilon Naronis 〈◊〉 Which may thus be Englished Iris which Drilon water feeds And Narons bankes with other weeds The Italians Giglio azurro in Spanish Lilio Cardeno in French Flambe The Germanes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Dutch 〈◊〉 The second is called in Latine 〈◊〉 palustris lutea Pseudoacorus and Acorus palustris in English Water flags Bastard Floure de-luce or Water Floure de-luce and in the North they call them Seggs ¶ The nature 1 The roots of the Floure de-luce being as yet fresh and greene and full of juyce are hot almost in the fourth degree The dried roots are hot and dry in the 〈◊〉 degree burning the throat and mouth of such as taste them 2 The bastard Floure de-luce his root is cold and dry in the third degree and of an astringent or binding facultic ¶ The vertues The root of the common Floure de-luce cleane washed and stamped with a few drops of Rose water and laid plaister-wise vpon the face of man or woman doth in two dayes at the most take away the blacknesse or blewnesse of any stroke or bruse so that if the skinne of the same woman or any other person be very tender and delicate it shall be needfull that ye lay a piece of silke sindall or a piece of fine laune betweene the plaister and the skinne for otherwise in such tender bodies it often causeth heate and inflammation The iuyce of the same doth not onely mightily and vehemently draw forth choler but most especially watery humors and is a speciall and singular purgation for them that haue the Dropsie if it be drunke in whay or some other liquor that may somewhat temper and alay his heate The dry roots attenuate or make thinne thicke and tough humours which are hardly and with difficultie purged away They are good in a loch or licking medicine for shortnesse of breath an old cough and all infirmities of the chest which rise hereupon They remedie those that haue euill spleenes and those that are troubled with convulsions or cramps biting of serpents and the running of the reines being drunke with vinegre as saith Dioscorides and drunke with wine it bringeth downe the monethly courses of women The decoction is good in womens baths for it mollifieth and openeth the matrix Being boyled very soft and laid to plaister-wise it mollifieth or softneth the kings euil and old hard swellings ‡ The roots of our ordinary flags are not as before is deliuered cold and dry in the third degree nor yet in the second as Dodonaeus affirmes but hot and dry and that at the least in the second degree as any that throughly tastes them will confesse Neither are the faculties and vse as some would persuade vs to be neglected for as Pena and Lobell affirme though it haue no smell nor great heat yet by reason of other faculties it is much to be preferred before the Galanga major or forreigne Acorus of shops in many diseases for it imparts more heate and strength to the stomacke and neighbouring parts than the other which rather preyes vpon and dissipates the innate heate and implanted strength of those parts It bindes strengthens and condenses it is good in bloudy flixes and stayes the Courses ‡ CHAP. 40. Of Floure de-luce of Florence ¶ The Description 1 THe Floure de-luce of Florence whose roots in shops and generally euery where are called Ireos or Orice whereof sweet waters sweet pouders and such like are made is altogether like vnto the common Floure de-luce sauing that the flowers of the Ireos is of a white colour and the roots exceeding sweet of smell and the other of no smell at all 2 The white Floure de-luce is like vnto the Florentine Floure de-luce in roots flaggy leaues and stalkes but they differ in that that this Iris hath his flower of a bleake white colour declining to yellownesse and the roots haue not any smell at all but the 〈◊〉 is very sweet as we haue said 3 The great Floure de-luce of Dalmatia hath leaues much broader thicker and more closely compact together than any of the other and set in order like wings or the fins of a Whale fish greene toward the top and of a shining purple colour toward the bottome euen to the ground amongst which riseth vp a stalke of foure
drieth in the third degree CHAP. 45. Of Aromaticall Reeds 2 Acorus verus officinis falsò Calamus cumjulo The true Acorus with his floure Acorus verus sine julo The true Acorus without the floure ¶ The Description 1 THis sweet-smelling Reed is of a darke dun colour full of joints and knees easie to be broken into small splinters hollow and full of a certaine pith cobweb-wife somewhat gummy in eating and hanging in the teeth and of a sharpe bitter taste It is of the thicknesse of the little finger as Lobelius affirmeth of some which he had seene in Venice 2 Bastard Calamus hath flaggy leaues like vnto the Water floure de-luce or flagge but narrower three foot long of a fresh greene colour and aromaticke smell which they keepe a long time although they be dried Now the stalke which beares the floure or fruit is much like another lease but onely from the fruit downwards whereas it is somewhat thicker and not so broad but almost triangular The floure is a long thing resembling the Cats-tailes which grow on Hasels it is about the thicknesse of an ordinarie Reed some inch and halfe long of a greenish yellow colour curiously chequered as if it were wrought with a needle with greene and yellow silke intermixt †I haue not as yet seene it beare his tuft in my garden and haue read that it is barren and by proofe haue seene it so yet for all that I beleeue Clusius who saith hee hath seene it beare his floure in that place where it doth grow naturally although in England it is altogether barren The root is sweet in smell and bitter in taste and like vnto the common Flagge but smaller and not sored 3 Calamus Aromaticus Antiquorum The true Aromaticall Reed of the Antients ‡ 3 I thinke it very fitting in this place to acquaint you with a Plant which by the conjecture of the most learned and that not without good reason is iudged to be the true Calamus of the Ancients Clusius giues vs the historie thereof in his Notes vpon Garcias ab Horto lib. 1. ca. 32. in these words When as saith he this Historie was to be the third time printed I very opportunely came to the knowledge of the true Calamus Aromaticus the which the learned Bernard Paludanus the Frisian returning from Syria and Aegypt freely bestowed vpon me together with the fruit Habhel and many other rare seeds about the beginning of the yeare 1579. Now wee hauc caused a figure to be exactly drawne by the fragments thereof for that it seemes so exquisitly to accord with Dioscorides his description In myne opinion it is rather to be iudged an vmbelliferous plant than a reedy for it hath a straight stalke parted with many knots or ioynts otherwise smooth hollow within and inuested on the inside with a slender filme like as a Reed and it breaketh into shiuers or splinters as Dioscorides hath written it hath a smell sufficiently strong and the taste is gratefull yet bitter and pertaking of some astriction The leaues as by remaines of them might appeare seeme by couples at cuery ioynt to engirt the stalke the root at the top is somewhat tuberous and then ends in fibres Twenty fiue yeares after Paludanus gaue me this Calamus the learned Anthony Coline the Apothecarie who lately translated into French these Commentaries the fourth time set forth Anno 1593 sent me from Lyons pieces of the like Reed certifying me withall That he had made vse thereof in his Composition of Treacle Now these pieces though in forme they resembled those I had from Paludanus yet had they a more bitter taste than his nether did they partake of any astriction which peraduenture was to be attributed to the age of one of the two Thus much Clusius ‡ ¶ The place The true Calamus Aromaticus groweth in Arabia and likewise in Syria especially in the moorish grounds betweene the foot of Libanus †and another little hill not the mountaine Antilibanus as some haue thought in a small valley neere to a lake whose plashes are dry in Sommer Pliny 12. 22. †Bastard or false Calamus growes naturally at the foot of a hill neere to Prusa a city of Bithynia not far from a great lake It prospereth exceeding well in my garden but as yet it beareth neither floures nor stalke It groweth also in Candia as Pliny reporteth in Galatia likewise and in many other places ¶ The time They lose their leaues in the beginning of Winter and do recouer them againe in the Spring of the yeare ‡ In May this yeare 1632 I receiued from the Worshipfull Gentleman M. Thomas Glynn of Glynnlhivon in Carnaruanshire my very good friend the pretty Iulus or floure of this plant which I could neuer see here about London though it groweth with vs in many Gardens and that in great plenty ‡ ¶ The Names ‡ The want of the true Calamus being supplied by Acorus as a 〈◊〉 was the cause as Pena and Lobell probably coniecture that of a substitute it tooke the prime place vpon it and being as it were made a Vice-Roy would needs be King But the falsenesse of the title was discouered by Matthiolus and others and so it is sent backe to its due place againe though notwithstanding it yet in shops retaines the title of Calamus 1 The figure that by our Author was giuen for this is supposed and that as I thinke truly to be but a counterfeit of Marthiolus his inuention who therein hath beene followed according to the custome of the world by diuers others The description is of a small Reed called Calamus oderatus Libani by Lobell in his Obseruations and figured in his Irones p. 54. 2 This is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Greekes by some according to Apulcius 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine it is called Acorus and Acorum and in shops as I haue formerly said Calamus Aromaticus for they vsually take Galang a major described by me Chap. 26. for Acorus It may besides the former names be fitly called in English The sweet Garden Flag 3 This is iudged to be the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Dioscorides the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Theophrastus that is the true Calamus Aromaticus that should be vsed in Compositions ‡ ¶ The nature of the true Acorus or our sweet garden Flag Dioscorides saith the roots haue an heating facultie Galen and Pliny do affirme that they haue thin and subtill parts both hot and dry ¶ The vertues of the same The decoction of the root of Calamus drunke prouoketh vrine helpeth the paine in the side liuer spleene and brest convulsions gripings and burstings it easeth and helpeth the pissing by drops It is of great effect being put in broth or taken in fumes through a close stoole to prouoke womens naturall accidents The iuyce strained with a little honey taketh away the dimnes of the eyes and helpeth much against poyson
the top small yellow floures after them doe follow small cods wherein is conteined small reddish seed 1 Barbarea Winter Cresses ¶ The Place It groweth in gardens among pot herbes and very common in the fields neere to pathes and high wayes almost euery where ¶ The Time This herbe is green all winter long it floureth in May and seedeth in Iune ¶ The Names Winter Cresse is called of the Latines Cardamum or Nasturtium Hibernum of some Barbarea and Pseudobunium the Germanes call it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in lowe Dutch 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 It seemeth to be Dioscorides his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say false or bastard 〈◊〉 in English winter Cresses or herbe Saint Barbara ¶ The Nature This herbe is hot and drie in the second degree ¶ The Vertues The seed of winter Cresse causeth one to make water and driueth forth grauell and helpeth the strangurie The iuyce thereof mundifieth corrupt and filthy vlcers being made in forme of an vnguent with waxe oyle and turpentine In winter when salad herbes bee scarce this herbe is thought to be equall with Cresses of the garden or Rocket This herbe helpeth the scuruie being boiled among scuruie grasse called in Latine Cochlearia causing it to worke the more effectually CHAP. 9. Of Mustard ¶ The Description 1 THe tame or garden Mustard hath great rough leaues like to those of the Turnep but rougher and lesser The stalke is round rough and hairie of three cubits high diuided into many branches whereon doe grow small yellow floures and after them long cods slender and rough wherein is contained round seed bigger then Rape seed of colour yellow of taste sharpe and biting the tongue as doth our common field mustard ‡ 2 Our ordinary Mustard hath leaues like Turneps but not so rough the stalkes are smooth and grow sometimes to three foure or siue cubits high they haue many branches and the leaues vpon these branches especially the vppermost are long and narrow and hang downeward on small stalkes the cods are short and lie flat and close to the branches and are somewhat square the seed is reddish or yellow ‡ 3 The other tame Mustard is like to the former in leaues and branched stalkes but lesser and they are more whitish and rough The floures are likewise yellow and the seed browne like the Rape seed which is also not a little sharpe or byting ‡ 4 This which I giue you bere being the Sinapi sativum alterum of Lobel and the Sinapi album of the shops growes but low and it hath rough crooked cods and whitish seeds the stalks 〈◊〉 and leaues are 〈◊〉 like the first described ‡ 5 The wilde Mustard hath leaues like those of shepheards purse but larger and more deeply indented with a stalke growing to the height of two foot bearing at the top small yellow floures made of foure leaues the cods be small and-slender wherein is contained reddish seed much smaller than any of the others but not so sharpe or biting 1 Sinapi sativum Garden Mustard 3 Sinapi sativum alterum Dod. Field Mustard ‡ 4 Sinapi album White Mustard 5 Sinapi syluestre minus Small wilde Mustard ¶ The Place ‡ Our ordinarie Mustard whose description I haue added as also the wilde and small grow wilde in many places of this kingdome and may all three be found on the bankes about the back of Old-street and in the way to Islington ‡ ¶ The Time Mustard may be sowen in the beginning of the Spring the seed is ripe in Iuly or August 〈◊〉 commeth to perfection the same yeare that it is sowen ¶ The Names The Greekes call Mustard 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Athenians called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Latines Sinapi the rude and barbarous Sinapium the Germanes 〈◊〉 the French Seneue and Moustarde the low Dutchmen 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Spaniards Mostaza and Mostalla the Bohemians Horcice Pliny calls it Thlaspi whereof doubtlesse it is a kinde and some haue called it Saurion ‡ These kindes of Mustard haue beene so briefely treated of by all Writers that it is hard to giue the right distinctions of them and a matter of more difficultie than is expected in a thing so vulgarly knowne and vsed I will therefore endeauour in a few words to distinguish those kindes of mustard which are vulgarly written of 1 The first is Sinapi primum of Matthiolus and Dodonaeus and Sinapi sativum 〈◊〉 aut Rapifolio of Lobel 2 The second I cannot iustly referre to any of those which are written of by Authours for it hath not a cod like Rape as Pena and Lobel describe it nor a seed bigger than it as Dodonaeus affirmeth yet I suspect and almost dare affirme that it is the same with the former mentioned by them though much differing from their figures and description 3 The third which also I suspect is the same with the fourth is Sinapi alterum of Matthiolus and Sinapi agreste Apij aut potius Laueris folio of Lobel and Sinapi sativum alterum of Dodonaeus 4 The fourth is by Lobel called Sinapi alterum sativum and this is Sinapi album Ofsicinarum as Pena and Lobel affirme Aduers pag. 68. 5 The fifth is Sinapi syluestre of Dodonaeus and Sinapi syluestre minus 〈◊〉 pastoris folio of Lobel It is much like Rocket and therefore Bauhine fitly calls it Sinapi Erucae folio in English it may be called Small wilde Mustard ‡ ¶ The Temperature The seed of Mustard especially that which we chiefely vse doth heat and make thinne and also draweth forth It is hot and dry in the fourth degree according to Galen ¶ The Vertues The seed of Mustard pound with vineger is an excellent sauce good to be eaten with any grosse meates either fish or flesh because it doth helpe digestion warmeth the stomacke and prouoketh appetite It is giuen with good successe in like manner to such as be short winded and are stopped in the breast with tough flegme from the head and braine It appeaseth the tooth-ache being chewed in the mouth They vse to make a gargarisme with honey vineger and mustard seed against the tumours and swellings of the Vuula and the almonds about the throat and root of the tongue Mustard drunke with water and honey prouoketh the termes and vrine The seed of mustard beaten and put into the nosthrils causeth sneesing and 〈◊〉 women sicke of the mother out of their fits It is good against the falling sickenesse and such as haue the Lithargie if it be laid plaister-wise vpon the head after shauing being tempered with figs. It helpeth the Sciatica or ache in the hip or huckle bone it also cureth all manner of paines proceeding of a cold cause It is mixed with good successe with drawing plaisters and with such as waste and consume nodes and hard swellings It helpeth those that haue their haire pulled off it taketh away the blew and blacke marks that come of bruisings ‡ The seed of the white Mustard is
descriptions ¶ The Time The Chickweeds are greene in Winter they floure and seed in the Spring ¶ The Names Chickweed or Chickenweed is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine it retaineth the same name Alsine of some of the Antients it is called Hippia The rest of the plants are distinguished in their seuerall titles with proper names which likewise setteth forth the place of their growings ¶ The Temperature Chickweed is cold and moist and of a waterish substance and therefore it cooleth without astriction or binding as Galen saith ¶ The Vertues The leaues of Chickweed boyled in water very soft adding thereto some hogs grease the pouder of Fenugreeke and Lineseed and a few roots of marsh Mallowes and stamped to the 〈◊〉 of cataplasme or pultesse taketh away the swellings of the legs or any other part bringeth to suppuration or matter hot apostumes dissolueth swellings that wil not willingly yeeld to suppuration easeth members that are shrunke vp comforteth wounds in sinewie parts defendeth foule maligne and virulent vlcers from inflammation during the cure in a word it comforteth digesteth defendeth and suppurateth very notably The leaues boyled in Vineger and salt are good against mangines of the hands and legs if they be bathed therewith Little birds in cadges especially Linnets are refreshed with the lesser Chickweed when they loath their meat whereupon it was called of some Passerina CHAP. 193. Of the bastard Chickweeds ¶ The Description 1 GErmander Chickweed hath small tender branches trailing vpon the ground beset with leaues like vnto those of Scordium or VVater Germander Among which comeforth little blew floures which being saded there appeare small flat husks or pouches wherein lieth the seed The root is small and threddy which being once gotten into a garden ground is hard to be destroyed but naturally commeth vp from yeare to yeare as a noisome weed 1 Asine folijs trissaginis Germander Chickweed 2 Alsine corniculata Clusij Horned Chickweed 3 Alsine 〈◊〉 Iuy Chickweed 4 Alsine Hederula altera Great Henne-bit 2 Clusius a man singular in the knowledge of plants hath set downe this herbe for one of the Chickweeds which doth very well resemble the Storks bill and might haue been there inserted But the matter being of small moment I let it passe for doubtlesse it participateth of both that is the head or beake of Storkes bill and the leaues of Chickweed which are long and hairy like those of Scorpion Mouse-eare The floures are small and of an herby colour after which come long horned cods or seed-vessels like vnto those of the Storks bill The root is small and single with strings fastened thereto 3 Iuie Chickeweed or small Henbit hath thin hairy leaues somewhat broad with two cuts or gashes in the sides after the maner of those of ground Iuie whereof it tooke his name resembling the backe of a Bee when she flieth The stalkes are small tender hairy and lying flat vpon the ground The floures are slender and of a blew colour The root is little and threddy 4 The great Henbit hath feeble stalkes leaning toward the ground whereupon doe grow at certaine distances leaues like those of the dead Nettell from the bosome whereof come forth slender blew floures tending to purple in shape like those of the small dead Nettle The root is tough single and a few strings hanging thereat ¶ The Place These 〈◊〉 are sowne in gardens among potherbes in darke shadowie places and in the fields after the corne is reaped ¶ The Time They flourish and are greene when the other Chickweedes are ¶ The Names The first and third is called Morsus Gallinae Hens bit Alsine Hederula and Hederacea Lobell also calls the fourth Morsus Galinae folio 〈◊〉 alter in high Dutch Hunerbisz in French Morsgelin and Morgeline in low Dutch Hoenderebeet in English Henbit the greater and the lesser ¶ The Temperature and Vertues These are thought also to be could and moist and like to the other Chickweeds in vertue and operation CHAP. 194. Of Pimpernell 1 Anagallis mas Male Pimpernell 2 Anagallis foemina Female Pimpernell ¶ The Description 1 PImpernell is like vnto Chickeweed the stalkes are foure square trailing here and there vpon the ground whereupon do grow broad leaues and sharpe pointed set together by couples from the bosome whereof come forth slender tendrells whereupon doe grow small purple floures tending to rednesse which being past there succeed fine round bullets like vnto the seed of Corianders wherein is conteined small dustie seed The root consisteth of slender strings 2 The female Pimpernell differeth not from the male in any one point but in the colour of the floures for like as the former hath reddish floures this plant bringeth forth floures of a most perfect blew colour wherein is the difference ‡ 3 Of this there is another variety set forth by Clusius by the name of Anagallis tenuifolia Monelli because he receiued the figure and History thereof from Iohn Monell of I ournay in France it differs thus from the last mentioned the leaues are longer and narrower somewhat like those of Gratiola and they now and then grow three at a joint and out of the bosomes of the leaues come commonly as many little footstalkes as there are leaues which carry floures of a blew colour with the middle purplish and these are somewhat larger than them of the former otherwise like ‡ ‡ 3 Anagallis tenuifolia Narrow leaued Pimpernell 4 Anagallis lutea Yellow Pimpernell 4 The yellow Pimpernell hath many weake and seeble branches trailing vpon the ground beset with leaues one against another like the great Chickweed not vnlike to Nummularia or Money woort betweene which and the stalkes come forth two single and small tender footestalkes each bearing at their top one yellow floure and no more The root is small and threddy ¶ The Place They grow in plowed sields neere path waies in gardens and vineyardes almost euery where I found the female with blew floures in a chalkie corne field in the way from Mr. William Swaines house of Southfleet to Long field downs but neuer any where else ‡ I also being in Essex in the company of my kind friend Mr. Nathaniel Wright found this among the corne at Wrightsbridge being the seate of Mr. Iohn Wright his brother ‡ The yellow Pimpernell growes in the woods betweene High-gate and Hampstead and in many other woods ¶ The Time They floure in Summer and especially in the moneth of August at what time the husbandmen hauing occasion to go vnto their haruest worke will first behold the floures of Pimpernell whereby they know the weather that shall follow the next day after as for example if the floures be shut close vp it betokeneth raine and foule weather contrariwise if they be spread abroad faire weather ¶ The Names It is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine also Anagallis of diuers as Pliny reporteth Corchorus but vntruly of Marcellus an old Writer Macia the
to any woollen garment that it toucheth by reason of his roughnesse ‡ This is found with the leaues whole and also with them parted into three parts the first varietie was exprest by our Authors figure and the second is exprest by this we giue you in the place thereof ‡ 2 There is another wilde Hempe growing in the water whereof there be two sorts more delighting to grow in the like ground in shew differing very little This springs vp with long round stalkes and somewhat reddish about two cubits high or something higher they are beset with long greene leaues indented about the edges whereof you shal see commonly fiue or seuen of those leaues hanging vpon one stem like the leaues of Hempe but yet softer The floures are little of a pale reddish colour consisting of soft round tufts and stand perting vpon the top of the sprigges which at length vanish away into downe the root vnderneath is full of threddy strings of a mean bignesse 1 Eupatorium Cannabinum foemina Water Hempe or Water Agrimony ‡ 2 Eupatorium Cannabinum mas Common Dutch 〈◊〉 ¶ The Place They grow about the brinks of ditches running waters and standing pooles and in watery places almost euery where ¶ The Time They floure and flourish in Iuly and August the root continues but the stalkes and leaues wither away in Winter ¶ The Names The bastard or wilde Hempes especially those of the water are commonly called Hepatorium Cannabinum of diuers also Eupatorium Leonhar Fuchsius nameth it Eupatorium Adulterinum of most Cannabina of the likenesse it hath with the leaues of Cannabis Hempe and Eupatorium Auicennae It is thought also to be that which Baptista Sardus doth terme Terzola in high-Dutch S. 〈◊〉 kraut that is to say in Latine Sanctae Cunigundae herba S. Cunigunds herbe in Low-Dutch Boelkens kruit in English Water Hempe Bastard and water Agrimonie It is called Hepatorium of the 〈◊〉 being good for Hepar the liuer ‡ I haue named the second Common Dutch Agrimonie because it is commonly vsed for Agrimonie in the shops of that countrey ‡ ¶ The Temperature The leaues and roots of these herbes are bitter also hot and dry in the second degree they haue vertue to scoure and open to attenuate or make thinne thicke and grosse humours and to expell or driue them forth by vrine they clense and purifie the bloud ¶ The Vertues which chiefely belong to the last described The decoction hereof is profitably giuen to those that be scabbed and haue filthy skinnes and likewise to such as haue their spleen and liuer stopped or swolne for it taketh away the stoppings of both those intrals and also of the gall wherefore it is good for them that haue the jaundice especially somewhat after the beginning The herbe boyled in wine or water is singular good against tertian Feuers The decoction drunke and the leaues outwardly applied do heale all wounds both inward and outward ‡ Fuchsius saith that the second is very effectuall against poyson And Gesner in his Epistles affirmeth that he boyled about a pugil of the fibres of the root of this plant in wine and drunke it which an houre after gaue him one stoole and afterwards twelue vomits whereby he cast vp much flegme so that it workes saith he like white Hellebor but much more easily and safely and it did me very much good ‡ CHAP. 241. Of Egrimonie Agrimonia Agrimonie ¶ The Description THe leaues of Agrimonie are long hairie greene aboue and somewhat grayish vnderneath parted into diuers other small leaues snipt round about the edges almost like the leaues of hempe the stalke is two foot and a halfe long rough hairy whereupon grow many small yellow floures one aboue another vpwards toward the top after the floures come the seeds somewhat long and rough like to small burs hanging downwards which when they be ripe doe catch hold vpon peoples garments that passe by it The root is great long and blacke ¶ The Place It growes in barren places by highwayes inclosures of medowes and of corne fields and oftentimes in woods and copses and almost 〈◊〉 where ¶ The Time It floureth in Iune and somwhat later and seedeth 〈◊〉 that a great part of Sommer ¶ The Names The Grecians call it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Latines also Eupatorium Pliny Eupatoria yet there is another Eupatorium in Apuleius and that is Marrubium Horehound In like maner the Apothecaries of Germany haue another Hepatorium that is there commonly vsed being described in the last chapter and may be named Hepatorium adulterinum Agrimonie is named Lappa inuersa and it is so called because the seeds which are rough like burres do hang downwards of some Philanthropos of the cleauing qualitie of the seeds hanging to mens garments the Italians and Spaniards call it Agramonia in high Dutch 〈◊〉 Bruckwurtz in low-Dutch in French and in English Agrimonie and Egrimonie Eupatorium taketh the name of Eupator the finder of it out and saith Pliny it hath a royall and princely authoritie ¶ The Temperature It is hot and doth moderately binde and is of a temperate drinesse Galen saith that Agrimonie is of fine and subtill parts that it cutteth and scoureth therefore saith he it remoues obstructions or stoppings out of the liuer and doth likewise strengthen it by reason of the binding quality that is in it ¶ The Vertues The decoction of the leaues of Egrimony is good for them that haue naughty liuers and for such as pisse bloud vpon the diseases of the kidnies The seed being drunke in wine as Pliny affirmeth doth helpe the bloudy flixe Dioscorides addeth that it is a remedy for them that haue bad liuers and for such as are bitten with 〈◊〉 The leaues being stamped with old swines grease and applied closeth vp 〈◊〉 that be hardly healed as Dioscorides saith ‡ Agrimony boiled in wine and drunke helpes inueterate hepaticke fluxes in old people ‡ CHAP. 242. Of Sawewoort 1. 2. Serratula purpurea siue alba Saw-woort with purple or white floures ¶ The Description 1 THe plant which the new writers haue called Serratula differeth from Betonica although the Antients haue so called Betony It hath large leaues somewhat snipt about the edges like a saw whereof it tooke his name rising immediately from the root among which come vp stalkes of a cubite high beset with leaues very deepely cut or jagged euen to the middle of the rib not much vnlike the male Scabious The stalkes towards the top diuide themselues into other small branches at the top 〈◊〉 of they beare floures somewhat scaly like the Knapweed but not so great nor hard at the top of the knap commeth forth a bushie or thrummy floure of a purple colour The root is threddy and thereby increaseth and becommeth of a great quantity 2 Sawewoort with white floures differeth not from the precedent but in the colour of the floures for as the other bringeth forth a bush of purple floures in a manner this
spokie tufts or vmbels bearing stiffe and faire white floures in shape like them of Cinkefoile in smell like Sambucus or Elder 〈◊〉 the floure is 〈◊〉 there commeth in place a yellow guttered seed of a spicie and very hot taste The root is thicke and blacke without which rotteth and perisheth in the ground as wee may see in many gummie or Ferulous plants after it hath seeded neither will it floure before the second or third yeare after it is sowne ‡ I am ignorant what our Author means by this description ‡ ‡ 3 Seseli Creticum maius Mountaine 〈◊〉 ‡ 4 Seseli 〈◊〉 Seselios of 〈◊〉 4 There is likewise a kinde of Seseli called 〈◊〉 Massiliense which hath leaues very much clouen or cut and finely iagged very much like 〈◊〉 the leaues of sweet Fennell greater and thicker than the common Fennell The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the height of three cubits hauing knotty ioints as it were knees bearing at the top 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 like vnto Dill and seed somewhat long and cornered of a sharpe and biting taste The root is long and thicke like vnto great Saxifrage of a pleasant smell and sharpe in taste There is another 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 which hath large and great leaues like vnto Ferula and not much vnlike Siler Montanum among which rise vp stalkes foure cubits high bearing at the tops spokie tufts like vnto the last before 〈◊〉 hearsed of a good sauour The root is like vnto the sormer in shape substance and sauour but that it is greater ¶ The Place These plants are strangers in England notwithstanding I haue them in my garden ¶ The Time They floure and flourish in September ¶ The Names Their names haue been touched in their seuerall descriptions ¶ The Temperature and Vertues It prouoketh vrine and helpeth the strangurie bringeth downe the sicknesse and dead birth it helpeth the cough and shortnesse of breath the suffocation of the mother and helpeth the falling sicknesse The seed drunke with wine 〈◊〉 raw humours taketh away the griping and torments of the belly and helpeth the ague as Dioscorides saith The iuice of the leaues is giuen to Goats and other cattell to drinke that they may the sooner be 〈◊〉 of their 〈◊〉 ones as the same Author reporteth CHAP. 425. Of Spignell Spicknell or Mewe ¶ The Description 1 SPignell hath stalkes rising vp to the height of a cubit and a halfe beset with leaues 〈◊〉 Fennell or Dill but thicker more bushie and more finely iagged and at the top of the stalkes do grow spokie tufts like vnto Dil. The roots are thick and full of an oleous substance smelling well and chasing or heating the tongue of a reasonable good sauour 1 Meum Spignell ‡ 2 Meum alterum Italicum Italian Spignell 2 There is a bastard kinde of Spignell like vnto the former sauing that the leaues are not so finely cut or iagged the floures are tufted more thicker than the former the roots are many thick and full of sap ¶ The Place Mew or Meon groweth in Westmerland at a place called Round-twhat betwixt 〈◊〉 and Kendall in the parish of Orton 〈◊〉 Mewe or Meum groweth in the waste mountaines of Italie and the Alps and as it hath 〈◊〉 told me vpon Saint Vincents rocke by Bristow where I spent two daies to seeke it but it was not my hap to find it 〈◊〉 I make some doubt of the truth thereof ¶ The Time These herbes doe floure in Iune and Iuly and yeeld their seed in August ¶ The Names It is called of the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 likewise of the Latines Meum of the Italians Meo in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 declareth it is called Imperatrix in diuers places of Spaine Sistra in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in High Dutch 〈◊〉 in French Sistre Ruellius saith that it is named in France 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 or writhed Dil and wilde Dill also it is called in English Spignel or Spicknell of 〈◊〉 Mew and Bearewoort The second may be called bastard Spicknell ¶ The Temperature These herbes especially the roots of right Meon is hot in the third degree and drie in the second ¶ The Vertues The roots of Meon boiled in water and drunke mightily open the stoppings of the kidnies and bladder prouoke vrine and bodily lust ease and helpe the strangurie and consume all windinesse and belchings of the stomacke The same taken with honie doth appease the griefe of the belly and is exceeding good against all Catarrhes theumes and aches of the iointes as also any phlegme which falls vpon the Lungs If the same be laied plaisterwise vpon the bellies of children it maketh them to pisse well They clense the entrails and deliuer them of obstructions or stoppings they prouoke vrine driue forth the stone and bring downe the floures but if they be taken more than is requisite they cause the head-ache for seeing they haue in them more heat than drinesse they carry to the head raw moisture and windie heat as Galen saith CHAP. 426. Of Horestrange or Sulphurwoort ¶ The Description 1 SVlphurwoort or Hogs-fennell hath a stiffe and hard stalke full of knees or knots beset with leaues like vnto Fennell but greater comming neerer vnto Ferula or rather like the leaues of wilde Pine-tree and at the top of the stalkes round spokie tufts full of little yellow floures which do turne into broad browne seed The root is thicke and long I haue digged vp roots thereof as big as a mans thigh blacke without and white within of a strong and grieuous smell and full of yellow sap or liquour which quickly waxeth hard or dry smelling not much vnlike brimstone called Sulphur which hath induced some to call it Sulphurwoort hauing also at the top toward the vpper face of the earth a certain bush of haire of a browne colour among which the leaues and stalkes do spring forth 2 The second kinde of Peucedanum or Hogs-fennell is very like vnto the former 〈◊〉 that the leaues be like Ferula the roots are nothing so great as the former but all the rest of the plant doth far exceed the other in greatnesse 3 There is another kinde of Peucedanum or Hogs 〈◊〉 which Pena found vpon Saint Vincents rock by Bristow whose picture he hath set forth in his Aduersaria which that famous English Physition of late memorie D. Turner found there also supposing it to be the right and true Peucedanum whereof no doubt it is a kinde it groweth not aboue a soot high and is in shape and leaues like the right Peuccdanum but they be shorter and lesser growing somwhat like the writhed Fennell of Massilia but the branches are more largely writhed and the leaues are of the colour of the branches which are of a pale greene colour At the top of the branches grow small white tufts hauing seed like Dill but shorter and slenderer of a good taste somewhat sharpe The root is thicker than the smalnesse of the herbe will well beare Among the people about Bristow
or Cnecus in shops Cartamus or Carthamum of diuers Crocus hortensis and Crocus Saracenicus in Italian Zaffarano Saracinesco and Zaffarano saluatico in Spanish Alasor and Semente de papagaios in high Dutch Widen Zaffran in French Safran 〈◊〉 in English Bastard Saffron of some Mocke Saffron and Saffron D'orte as though you should say Saffron de horte or of the garden Theophrastus and Pliny call it Cnecus vrbana and 〈◊〉 or tame and garden bastard Saffron that it may differ from Atractilis which they make to be a kinde of Cnicus syluestris or wilde Bastard Saffron but rather a 〈◊〉 of the Holy Thistle ¶ The Temperature We vse saith Galen the seed onely for purgations it is hot and that in the first degree as Mesues writeth ¶ The Vertues The iuice of the seed of bastard Saffron bruised and strained into honied water or the broth of a chicken and drunke prouoketh to the stoole and purgeth by siege slimy flegme and sharp humors Moreouer it is good against the collicke and difficultie of taking breath the cough and stopping of the brest and is singular against the dropsie The seed vsed as aforesaid and strained into milke causeth it to curdle and yeeld much cruds and maketh it of great force to loose and open the belly The floures drunke with honied water open the liuer and are good against the iaundice and the floures are good to colour meat in stead of Saffron The seed is very hurtfull to the stomacke causing desire to vomite and is of hard slow digestion remaining long in the stomacke and entrailes Put to the same seed things comfortable to the stomacke as Annise seed Galingale or Mastick Ginger 〈◊〉 and it shall not hurt the stomacke at all and the operation thereof shall be the more quicke and speedy Of the inward pulpe or substance hereof is made a most famous and excellent composition to purge water with commonly called Diachartamon a most singular and effectual purgation for those t hat haue the dropsie The perfect description hereof is extant in Guido the Surgion in his first Doctrine and the sixt Tractate We haue not read or had in vse that Bastard Saffron with the blew floure and therefore can say nothing of his vertues CHAP. 489. Of Wilde Bastard Saffron ¶ The Description 1 ATractylis otherwise called wilde Bastard Saffron bringeth forth a straight and firme stalke verie fragile or brittle diuided at the toppe into certaine branches it hath long iagged leaues set with prickles the heads on the tops of the branchesare very ful of sharp prickles out of which grow floures all of threds like those of bastard Saffron but they are of a light yellow colour and sometimes purple the seed is somewhat great browne and bitter otherwise like that of bastard Saffron the root is of a meane bignesse 1 〈◊〉 Wilde Bastard Thistle 2 Carduus Benedictus The blessed Thistle 2 The stalkes of Carduus Benedictus or Blessed Thistle are round rough and pliable and being parted into diuers branches do lic flat on the ground the leaues are iagged round about and full of harmlesse prickles in the edges the heads on the tops of the stalks are set with prickles and 〈◊〉 with sharpe prickling leaues out of which standeth a yellow floure the seed is long and set with haires at the top like a beard the root is white and parted into strings the whole herb leaues and stalks and also the heads are couered with a soft and thin downe ¶ The Place Atractylis groweth in Candie and in diuers prouinces and Islands of Greece and also in Languedocke and is an herbe growing in our English gardens 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is found euery where in Lemnos an Island of the Midland Sea in Champion grounds as 〈◊〉 Bellonius testifieth it is diligently cherished in Gardens in these Northerne parts ¶ The Time Atractylis is very late before it floureth and seedeth Carduus 〈◊〉 floureth in Iuly and August at which time it is especially to be gathered for Physicke matters ¶ The Names 〈◊〉 is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Latins likewise 〈◊〉 and Cnicus sylue stris and because women in the old time were wont to vse the stiffe stalk thereof pro fuso aut colo for a spindle or a distaffe it is named Fusus agrestis and Colus Rustica which thing Petrus Bellonius reporteth the women in Greece do also euen at this day who call Atrastylis by a corrupt name Ardactyla diuers of the later herbarists name it Syluestris Carthamus that is to say in low Dutch Wilden Carthamus and in English wilde Bastard Saffron or Spindle Thistle Blessed Thistle is called in Latine euery where Carduus Benedictus and in shops by a compound word Cardo-benedictus it is most plaine that it is Species 〈◊〉 or a kind of wil de 〈◊〉 Saffron it is called Atractylis hirsutior hairie wilde bastard Saffron 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 nameth it 〈◊〉 supinus it is called in high Dutch Beseegnete distell Kardo Benedict the later 〈◊〉 whereos is knowne to the low Countrey men in Spanish it is called Cardo Sancto in French Chardon 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 in the Isle Lemnos Garderacantha in English Blessed Thistle but more commonly by the Latine name Carduus Benedictus ¶ The Temperature Wilde bastard Saffron doth drie and moderately digest as Galen witnesseth As Carduus Benedictus is bitter so is it also hot and drie in the second degree and withall ciensing and opening ¶ The Vertues The tops seed and leaues of Atractylis saith Dioscorides being beaten and drunk with pepper and wine are a remedie for those that are stung of the scorpion Blessed Thistle taken in meat or drinke is good for the swimming and giddinesse of the head it strengthneth memorie and is a singular remedie against deafenesse The same boiled in wine and drunke hot healeth the griping paines of the belly killeth and 〈◊〉 pelleth wormes causeth sweat prouoketh vrine and driueth out grauel clenseth the stomack and 〈◊〉 very good against the Feuer 〈◊〉 The iuice of the said Carduus is singular good against all poison as Hierome Bocke witnesseth in what sort soeuer the medicine be taken and helpeth the inflammation of the liuer as reporteth 〈◊〉 Camerarius of Noremberg The pouder of the leaues ministred in the quantitie of halfe a dram is very good against the pestilence if it be receiued within 24. houres after the taking of the sicknes and the party sweat vpon the same the like vertue hath the wine wherein the herbe hath been sodden The green herb pounded and laid to is good against all hot swellings as Erysipelas plague sores and botches especially those that proceed of the pestilence and is also good to be laied vpon the bitings of mad dogs serpents spiders or any venomous beast whatsoeuer and so is it likewise if it be inwardly taken The distilled water thereof is of lesse vertue It is reported that it likewise cureth stubborne and rebellious vlcers if the decoction be taken for certaine daies