every one of them and have Beds of Flowers a little interspersed among the Green Plots besides other Beds of Flowers on all the outsides of those Parterres next to the Gravel-walks The Statues in the middle of those Green Quarters are excellently cut in Marble they are of Apollo and Pomona on one side of the Garden and of Bacchus and a Flora on the other side standing upright on the foresaid Pedestals The Beds and Parterres of this and the other Gardens are not only adorned with Pyramids of Juniper and Box and with Shrubs of Marshmallows of all colours but contain variety of Flowers which successively blow according to the Seasons of the Year In the Spring there is a variety of the finest Tulips Hyacinths Ranunculi Anemond Auricula ursi Narcissus Junci c. In the Summer there are double Poppies of all colours Gilliflowers Larks-heels c. In the Autumn the Sun-Flower Indian Cresses the Pass-rose or Stock-rose Marygolds c. On the Walls of these Gardens do grow great variety of most excellent Fruit as the best Peaches Apricocks Cherries Pears Figs Plums Muscant Grapes of all sorts and their props are every where painted Green. At four yards distance from the before-mentioned Fountain of Hercules we advance forwards unto two broad Stone-steps thirteen foot and a half in front on both sides of which Steps there are Stone-rails near five foot high and on each side of the Rails are Pilasters of Stone which are raised a foot higher than the Rails On the two Pilasters next to the Steps are placed two Beautiful Sphinxes with their Riddle express'd or carved and on the two others are seen two Wolfs in Stone each of them giving suck to a Romulus and Remus From those Pilasters and Rails there is continued the whole breadth of the Garden a Brick-wall that is above four foot high wherein there are also divers Pillars of Brick faced with Free-stone for the placing of Flowerpots CHAP. III Of the Second Part of the Creat Garden called the Upper Garden together with the Middle Walk and Canals which do divide this Garden into the two Parts WHEN we are up the two Stone-steps now mentioned we pass over a Canal into the Middle Cross-walk that divides this Garden and is remarkable for its double row of tall Oaks on both sides of it This Walk is eighteen yards broad from the two Stone-steps and Rails unto the Bridge over which we are to pass the second Canal in order to go into the Upper Garden The first Canal is five foot broad the second is fourteen foot They run from West to East and are supplied from Cascades that are made at the West-end of the foresaid Walk which has Iron-rails fastned in Free-stone that is half a foot above the Brick-wall and that hath also divers Stone-pilasters ten Inches broad and as high as then Iron-rails Between those Rails there is a Gate of wrought Iron through which we are to pass into the Gardens near the Old Hoof. From a Marble Head placed in this Wall over the Canals there is on each side a double fall of Water into two Stone-Basins that are one below the other The uppermost Basin is about a yard in front and the lowermost a yard and a half About the Bridge of the second Canal there is a Stonework that is extended both East and West from the Bridge about sifteen foot At both ends of this Stone-work which crosses the Canal a Fountain rises in the middle of the Crofs-wall and by the declivity of a Basin both ways forms a sheet of water both East and West and also the same on both sides of the Bridge Moreover out of the Walls that are on both sides of this Canal and also on each side of the Bridge there are other falls of water from stone-Stone-basins besides some others in other parts of the Canal made by raising the water of stopping its passage to a certain heighth These Canals are all along bordered with green Turf and have a green Slope reaching from the border down to the Water Advancing forwards from the second Canal about a hundred Paces in a very broad Gravel-walk we come to a most Remarkable Fountain of a vast circumference The Basin of it is Octangular and there are sixteen Paces distance between each of the eight Angles In the whole it is a hundred and twenty eight Paces round 'T is bordered with a broad raised Stone-work and paved with Pebbles like many of the other Fountains in divers sorts of uniform Figures In the middle of this Great Basin there is a Spout that throws up the water forty four or forty five foot high perpendicular And round about this Spout there are placed two ranks of other Spout each of the ranks containing sixteen which do all at a small distance encompass that High one in the middle The inmost of these two ranks do throw up the water twelve foot high and the outmost rank six foot This Noble Fountain containing no less than three and thirty Spouts does make an agreable shower of them together and must abundantly please and divert the most curious Spectator The water of the Spout which throws it up so many foot high is brought from a Hill two Leagues distant from Loo and called Asselt But the sixteen Spouts which do immediately encompass that High Spout are brought from another Source called Orden about a League off And the rest of them are supplied from the Viver A little beyond this Great Fountain in the same Walk we descend by three wide Stone-steps to another admirable Fountain in the middle of which there are four naked Boys in Marble with four Beasts between them those Boys and Beasts representing the four parts of the World. Over the Boys Heads there are four gilded scollop Shells and over the inmost part of those Shells a gilded Basin inverted Out of the middle of this Basin the water rises in form of a Peacock's Tail spread out at length about a foot and a half above the inverted Basin This Fountain hath its Basin bordered with Free-stone sixteen inches broad and its Stone-work raised three or four inches From the said Border to the bottom of the Basin there is rough Rockwork of divers Colours But the bottom it self is bordered with White Marble ten inches round and the rest of the bottom is paved with dark Pebble among which there are also intermixed Marble Stones in divers Figures As we do ascend from this Fountain forwards we meet with a Fall of water from one semioval Stone Basin extended four foot and a half in front and placed between three Stone Steps on each side of it At the four Corners of those Steps Bases are raised for the placing of Flower-pots And round this Fountain there is a Green Slope equal to the height of the Steps by which we descend to or ascend from the aforesaid Fountain Farthermore between those Steps and the Border of the Basin to this Fountain there is
Palace there is a Garden under His Majesty's's Apartments and called the King's Garden This has a noble Fountain in the middle of it and adjoining to it there is a large Bowling-green Beyond this Garden Westward there is another called the Labyrinth or Wilderness some of whose Fountains may be seen as also Statues in it and Painting from His Majesty's Bed-chamber On the East-side of the Palace there is another Garden under the Apartments appointed for the Queen and called the Queen's Garden This bears a just proportion with that of the King 's and hath such another noble Fountain And adjoining to this Garden fourthwards there are divers Arbor Walks with five Fountains in the middle of Parterres Beyond the Wall of the Queen's Garden Eastward there is another handsom Garden for retirement or a Labyrinth answering the other with Fountains Statues Walks c. From the Cross Walk that divides the Upper from the Lower Garden behind the Palace we go through Gates into the Voliere or Fowl Garden west from those others And still farther Westward we enter into a large extent of ground called the Park wherein are to be seen the Long Canal with Spouts the whole length of it all rising in the form of an Arch. Beyond this is the Cypher Fountain and Cascade and beyond that the Viver or large Quadrangular Pond which contains the Water that supplies the Jette's and Cascades Within this Park is also the Fountain of Faunus divers pleasant and long green Walks Nurseries of young Trees Groves and Canals and West of the Viver there is a fine Grove for solitude or retirement and called the Queen's Grove Of all which now more at large CHAP. II Containing the Description of the Great Garden next behind the Palace and first of that part of it called the Lower Garden SO soon as we have pass'd through the Place we do enter upon a very broad Terras-walk extended on the right and left the whole breadth of this Garden the which is continued forwards by a Brick-wall and by other Terras-walks on the right and left sides of it The first Terras-walk is paved with Brick fourteen yards forwards between the Garden Gate and the Stone-steps by which we are to descend into the Garden It is also paved with Brick thirty paces both to the right and left From the said paving this Terras-walk is continued to the Garden Walls on each side in a green and gravel Walk The middle part of this Walk is Green about sisteen foot and on each side of the Green there is a Gravel-walk each of them ten foot broad At both ends of this first Terras-walk we do ascend by seven Steps unto the side Terras-walks which are raised higher than the former for the better placing of those Noble Stone-sabricks that compose the Cascades of Narcissus and Galatea These Terras-walks do like the former consist of a Green-walk in the middle and a Gravel-walk on each side of the Green. In the middle of these side Terras-walks behind the Cascades there are Seats next to the Walls and painted Green. From the first Terras-walk near the Garden-gate of the Palace there is a very large descent into the Garden first by three Semicircular Stone-steps and after a little space by fifteen Steps more all of a very large circumference the lowermost of those fifteen Steps being twenty eight yards round On the right side of the foresaid Steps upon the Terras-walk there is a large Stone-Statue with a Hart behind it and on the left such another great Statue both lying or leaning on a distinct Basis and both holding under one Arm a Stone-vessel These two Statues and intended to represent two great Rivers the Rhine and the Issel between the which Rivers the Veluwe and Loo are situate Out of those Stone-vessels there runs Water which makes an unexpected Cascade on both sides of the Steps adjoining to the Wall. These Cascades are made from the said Stone-vessels on each side into seven double Basins one below another besides an eighth large single Basin which receives the Water of all the rest at the bottom of the Steps All these Basins are of a blew Stone The one half of these double Basins is raised two or three Inches in order to retain the Water and the other half is equally sunk or made lower that the sheet of Water may fall from the upper into the lower Basins From all the three Terras-walks there is a Green slope reaching from those Walks above unto a low Brick-wall below that is only two foot high at the four corners of these Slopes in this Garden there are broad Steps for descending from the Walks above And at the upper part of the Green Slopes there are abundance of little Pipes of water about a foot distance one from the other Each of them hath a Copper head wherein there are four small holes through which the water is made to play in order to water the Slopes and to preserve them always Green. In the Summer Evenings they are made frequently to rain a small shower for the end aforcsaid In the low Walk below the Green Slopes at every four yards distance there are white Stones each of them above a foot and a half square on every one of which there are Urns and noble Flowerpots placed or to be placed as on Bases And some of them have representations of divers Ancient and Modern Curiosities carved upon them And all along the Wall of the Lower Garden whither that which separates the first Terras Walk from the King 's and Queen's Garden or those that separate the higher Terras-walks from the two Wildernesses those Walls have such white square Stones near about the same distance from one another and for the same purpose On the top of the said green Slopes there do grow many Pyramidal Juniper-trees with other curious Shrubs intermixed among them The Slope from the first Terras-walk to the low Walk at bottom is about eleven foot but the Slopes from the side Terras-walks to the said low Wall have a descent of about fifteen foot these being raised higher than the former Walk on the account of the Cascades before-mentioned When we have descended into the Garden by the foresaid eighteen Stone-steps we do enter upon a broad Gravel Walk into which advancing forty sive paces from the Steps we come to a Noble Fountain in the middle of whose Basin is a Marble Statue of Venus at full length and another of Cupid under her left hand he holding a gilded Bow. This Statue is supported on a small Whale for its Pedestal with four great gilded Tritons behow it a large gilded Shell being between each of the Tritons and each Triton blowing in a large Trumpet in one hand their other hand being dispofed in different postures At the end of each Trumpet the water runs out in a broad sheer incircling a great part of the broad end of the Trumpet Also about the Tritons there are many gilded
Rushes and Water-lilly Flowers which do all contribute to the ornament of this Magnificent Fountain On the right and left of this Statue Within the same Basin as also before and behind the Statue there are four Gilded Swans which do spout the water in broad sheets towards the Statue and all the Swans are raised a little above the water The Basin is bordered with a blew Stone about sixteen inches breadth It has four Angles but on the four sides where the Swans are placed it has a circumflexion or semicircular cut into the Walks in form of four Half-moons On either side of this broad Walk next to the Parterres both before we come to the foresaid Fountain and also on the sides of the Walk beyond the Fountain there are Spouts at proper distances in a distinct Canal and there are six Spouts in each of them which do throw up the water about a yard though of late those Spouts are now always stopt to avoid the inconvenience of the waters being blown on the Walk or on the Parterres These Canals are walled with Free-stone and bordered with the same three inches breadth They are each of them about eighty foot long and a foot and a half broad but in those parts where the Spouts are placed the Canals are widened unto three foot and a half squre every way in order to avoid the Winds blowing the water either on the Walk or Parterres These Canals are paved after the Mosaick manner with Pebbles of a dark colour but the Figures that are made by the Pebbles and which run along the middle of the Canals and especially about the Spouts are made in a long sort of Pebbles pure white and black of the Diamond cut If we advance still forwards beyond the Fountain of Venus in the same Walk we behold another Noble Fountain in the middle of whose Basin is a young naked Hercules of Marble arising as from his Cradle also of Marble the Hercules squeezing a green Serpent in each hand and both the Serpents spirting the water about two yards above the Basin On the right and left of the Hercules at a little distance within the same Basin there are placed two Dragons each spirting seven several Jette's towards the Hercules The Basin of this Fountain is likewise bordered with a broad blew Stone sixteen inches breadth and paved with a Stone that is about a foot square Turning out of the aforesaid Walk from the Fountain of Venus into a Cross-walk on the right we meet with a Fountain in the middle wherein is erected a Celestial Globe placed on a Marble Pedestal between which Pedestal and the Globe there are four naked Boys in Marble incircling one another in ther Arms. About the Globe the twelve Signs of the Zodiack are curiously painted the Stars Gilded and out of abundance of the Stars there do spout out Jettes on all sides of the Globe Passing beyond this Globe we behold at the end of the Walk a most Noble Cascade a Fabrick of wrought Stone reaching from the Terras-walk above down to the Gravel-walk below The water here falls out of the Mouth of a great Head at the top of the Structure a round carved covered Basin being placed above the Head into three great semi-oval carved Basins one below the other each of them being two yards in front besides the allowance of above two foot more on both sides of the two lowermost of those three Basins which two foot do serve for conveying the water that is to make the lesser sheets which will be presently mentioned On both sides of the uppermost of those three Semi-oval Basins there is placed a Pine-apple in Stone by way of ornament and on both sides of the second of those Basins is erected a round scollopt Basin of two foot diameter that has a Spout in the middle which throws up the water about two foot From three parts of those round scollopt Basins as well as from the whole front of the three great semi-oval Basins the water does fall into the uppermost of six lesser semi-oval Basins placed on each side These lesser Basins are about a yard in front besides an allowance of about two more for the forming of the smaller falls of water that are now to be mentioned On each side of the six lesser Basins both on the right and left of the Structure there are made little sheets of water one below another in six descents contiguous to those made from the foresaid lesser Basins But at the bottom of this Fabrick between the falls on both sides there is an excellent Statue of Narcissus at length in Marble standing upright but looking a little downward into the water in the common Basin or Receiver below and holding a Hunting Horn in one hand whilft he draws up the other by way of Admiration at the beholding his own reflection in the water Again turning from the Fountain of Venus on the left hand the same distance in this Cross-walk as we did before from thence on the right to come to the Celestial Globe there is I say on the left such another Noble Fountain in the middle of which is crected a Terrestrial Globe On this Globe Europe Asia Africa and America the four parts of the World are exactly painted and out of the several parts of it there do spring a great number of Spouts which throw up the water from all parts round it as in the former Globe This is likewise placed on a high Pedestal round which there are four naked Boys in Marble the first with a Crown on his head the second with a Turhant the third a Negro in his short frizled hair and the fourth with long hair hanging down his back The four Boys representing the Inhabitants of the four parts of the Earth At the end of this Walk beyond this Globe and on the slope of the opposite Terras-walk there is such another admirable Cascade as was just now described Only in the middle of this Cascade there is a Marble Statue of Galatea sitting with a Lute in her hand at the bottom of the Fabrick where Narcissus was placed in the former Cascade All along the middle of this Crofs-walk between the Fountain of Venus and each of the Globes as also between the Globes and the Cascades now deseribed there are little Canals without any Jette's in them of the same length and make with the others that were placed on the sides of the first Walk This first Partition of the Garden that contains all the aforesaid Fountains and Cascades does likewise contain eight several Parterres all the Quarters being separated by Gravel-walks on every side The four inmost Parterres do consist of divers Figures in Box encompassed with Beds of Flowers and in those Beds there are intermixed many Juniper Trees growing in Pyramidal forms about round and high Staves painted Green. But the four outmost Parterres do consist of Green Plots that haves Statues placed upon high Pedestals in the middle of
into the said Canal that runs along the side of the Wall of this Casacade there are four other falls of water whereof the two outward are from two Heads of Stone the two inward from two Heads of Marble placed at due distances in the Wall aforesaid The water from the Heads of Stone falls directly into the Canal but from the Heads of Marble it falls into stone-Stone-basins that are about a yard in front and from them the sheet of water falls into the said Canal Besides out of the lower Wall of this Canal there are two other falls out of two more Heads of Marble into two other stone-Stone-basins of the same bigness with the former and directly under those Heads of Marble and Basins that were before mentioned to be placed in the upper Wall of the Canal or the Side-wall of the Cascade And from these two Basins the sheets of water of fall into the general Basin at bottom In the middle of the common Basin there is a large inverted Bell of water near two yards high and the diameter of its basis on the top seems to be much about two yards likewise About this Bell there do arise twelve Spouts which throw up the water about eight foot On the North and South sides of the Basin wherein were the said Great Bell adn the twelve Spouts there are other lesser Bells of water inverted on each side one These do rise about a foot high and the diameter of them at the top is much the same The common Basin below the Cascade is bordered with a broad Stone of sixteen inches breadth and walled with Rock-work and the whole space between the said Border and the Long Canal before described as well as to the Stone-stairs on either side of this Cascade is taken up chiefly with little Stone-Canals of seven inches breadth their Border but two inches But in the intervals between those little Canals the space is paved with white and black Pebbles in divers Figures From the two lesser Bells the water does run along those little Canals which besides the flourish they do make on each side do form the Letters R. W. M. R. And above those Letters the said small Canals are so disposed as to form the representation of a Crown Moreover from among these Pebbles with which all the intervals between the little Canals are paved there are made to rise when 't is thought fit by the turning of two sCocks about fourscore the most minute Spouts that can be conceived They are like a shower of small rain artisicially made in a certain order One half of the fourscore is made to play by the turning of one Cock and the t'other half by turning the other And these Cocks are turned in the Walk above the Cascade or between it and the Viver Every one of these little Spouts plays about a yard high and the Pipe of every one of them is covered with a small Copper Cover that has five little holes through which the water does rise in five small branches like to a very small shower of Rain Some of the Covers of these Pipes are half an inch others are three quarters of an inch diameter But in short they do make a very pleasant and agreeable sight whenever they are made to play And they are intended to divert the Spectators by causing a small Rain unawares on those who shall advance within the compass of their reach I did before mention two pair of Stone-steps the one of four the other of eleven Steps on the North and South sides of this Cascade From the two sides of the lowermost or least pair of Steps where the little Dragons were said to be placed there are continued from the Steps on one side to the Steps on the other side of the Cascade all round this space which was said to be paved with Pebbles and to consist of the soresaid Stone Canals two circles of Stone of fourteen inches breadth which do serve instead of a double Border to the whole the two Borders keeping the same distance from one another throughout as the Steps do make in front or breadth When we are up the second pair of Stairs of eleven Steps we enter upon a Walk that encompasses a large Quadrangular Pond called the Viver being the common Storehouse of the Water that supplies so many of these Fountains Cascades and Canals The Walk on the four sides of the Viver is seven yards broad it is a Gravelled Walk and on the side next to the water it is adorned with Juniper-trees two yards high adn six yards distance from one another and on the other side of it has Lime-trees at the same distance besides large round Bushes between the Lime-trees The Viver is a hundred and forty paces long and threescore and ten paces broad It is bordered with green and has a green Slope from the Border down to the water At the West-end of the Viver in the middle of the Walk we do pass through another Gate the Bars partly Gilt and partly Blew into a long shady Grove usually called the Queen's Grove wherein there are divers Walks some near unto Brooks of a clear running water others at some distance from the Brooks and all of them as solitary and retired as can well be imagined This Grove is of a good extent and in the Summer-time very delightful And now before we end let us return unto the East-gate of the Fowl-Garden from whence we may enter North-west into a long Walk between high Trees there being a Grove on each side beyond the rows of Trees In this Walk when we have gone about two hundred and twenty paces and there cross'd another long green Walk towards the middle of this Walk where the Groves do end we do at length come to the Fountain of Faunus whose Basin is round and about fifty seven foot diameter In the middle of this Fountain there is crected the Statue of Faunus in Stone at length with an Infant in his Arms and a Goat at his Feet to suckle the Infant This Statue of Faunus does lean upon a Stone Pillar and stands upon a high Pedestal of a Blew Stone placed in the midst of a Rock consisting of many rough Stones petrified Earth of divers colours and large Shells here and there intermixed From about this Rockwork there are made six double sheets of water whereof each double fall is over-against a several Walk For from this Fountain there are six distinct Walks one opposite to another And round about it between each of the six Walks near the corners of the Walks there are placed two Statues in half-length of the Termini or Gods of Boundaries twelve in all some of which twelve Statues have the face of a Man and some of a Satyr and they are placed upon Pedestals two yards high All these Walks are twenty two or twenty four foot broad they are green in the middle and on each side of the Green they are plain Earth ungravelled
Green Walks Groves Statues Urns Paintings Seats and pleasant Prospects into the Country Before the Gate that enters into the Court of the Palace there is a broad Green Walk between a double row of Oaks half a mile long and at the end of this Walk next to the Heath there is a Gate of Iron Rails between double Stone Pillars of an Ancient Model the Pillars being about a yard distant from each other and joined at the top by a Crown Work on each side wherein is cut His Majesty's Cypher and at the bottom by a Stone Ground-work or Supporters The Golumns are of a good heighth Before this Gate there are three Walks between Trees for a Mile or more farther into the Heath On the South-side of the Palace we do enter through a large Gate of Iron Bars painted Blew and Gildel into a Quadrangular Court of which the whole Soughtside hath Iron Rails alike Painted and Gilded The Rails are placed on a low Brick Wall that is covered with Free-stone the whole length five Inches above the Brick Among these Iron Rails which do rise above eight Foot higher than the Wall there are at due distance eight and twenty Pilasters every one of them of one entire Stone The East-side of the Court does contain Offices and Chambers for the Officers and Servants of His Majesty's Houshold On the West-side of the Court are the King's Stables and in these are kept Horses for His Majesty 's own riding And at the end of this Stable adjoining to the Rails before-mentioned there is another double Stable for His Majesty 's other Horses and for those of some of his Servants extended Westward about eighty Paces on the Road that comes from Utrecht At the other end of the Rails or adjoining to the East-side of the Court upon the Road there is another Row of Building in proportion to the Stables containing a Guard-house a large Orangery or Green-house the King's Coach-house c. In the middle of the Court there is a Fountain whose Basin consists of a wrought blew Stone and whose Stone-work is raised two Foot and a half high In the middle of this Fountain there are four Marble Dolphins out of whose Mouths do fall four Sheets of Water to the East West North and South The Dolphins are placed upon a Marble Pedestal their Tails are intertwisted and turned upward in the middle of the Pedestal But this Fountain has been ordered to be changed into a Noble Cascade in a octangular Basin seven yards diameter Next unto the Walk that encompasses this Fountain there are in this Court four Gazons or Green Plots with Walks on every side paved with Brick On the North-side of the Court in the King's Palace to which we ascend by nine broad Stone-steps The Palace is built of Brick and had the Honour to have its first Stone laid by the hands of the most Incomparable and Best of Queens her late Majesty of ever Blessed Memory From the Front or Body of the House each Wing does stretch out in two Pavilious towards the two sides of the Court until the Wings and Sides do come to unite Besides the Gate in the middle of the Front there are two others in the two outmost Pavilious Over the Gate of the Front and the Garden-Gate and over the two outmost Pavilions there are Frontispieces or Relievos on high with Representations relating to Hunting The Pilasters of all the Gates or Doors the Frize and the Cornishes of the Windows do consist of Free-stone The Body of the Palace is Leaded above and adorned with Ballisters and it has large Shash-windows throughout The Hall we do first enter into is paved with very large Black and White Marble The Dining-room below is very remarkable throughout and especially in its Marble and Military Devices and glorious Gilding The Great Room above that we do first enter into from the Stair-case and in the middle of the Apartments is not only adorned with large Landskips as well as the Stair-case but is very resplendent with its Gilding on every side and throughout all the Cieling The Rooms of State and the Bed-chambers and other Chambers are all provided and furnished after the Noblest manner for the entertainment and reception of Great Persons But the Antichamber to His Majesty's Bed-chamber has most excellent Hangings representing the Functions or Duties of Cavalry to wit the Incampment of Horse their Foraging their making of Fascines and the Firing it self of two Parties of Horse in an Engagement most lively and naturally exprest in four several Pieces The Chappel is handsomely Wainscoted and the whole so compleatly finished that nothing can be said to be wanting and no Cost spared in order to render the House Magniscient as well as the Gardens When we have gone through the Hall of the Palace and advanced between a very large Stair-case on either hand we do come to the garden-Gate which is directly before the Entrance and consists of Iron Bars coriously wrought and painted But before I describe particularly any of the Gardens it may not be amiss to take a short and general Prospect of them as also to name some of the most remarkable Fountains and Cascades in them that thereby the whole may in some of its Particulars be more distinctly comprehended On the North-side of the Palace there is a large and most Magnisicent Garden the which is divided into two Parts the Lower Garden and the Upper the two Divisions being separated by Canals by a low Wall and a broad Cross-walk in the which Cross-walk there are on each side a double row of tall Oaks but in the middle of this Walk a Considerable space is left open without Trees for the more convenient view of all the Fountains the Porticoes and the Cascades that are beyond the said Walk from the Garden-Gate of the Palace The first partition of this Garden called the Lower Garden has a Terras Walk on three sides of it and here we behold straight before us the Fountain of Venus and beyond it another Fountain of a young Hercules In the Cross-walk that goes between those two Fountains there is on the right hand a Fountain of a Celestial Globe and on the left such another Terrestrial Globe And at the end of the same Walk on the right hand upon the side of one Terras Walk there is the Cascade of Narcissus as also on the left upon the side of the opposite Terras Walk the Cascade of Galatea In the Upper Garden we behold a most Noble Fountain with a Basin of a vast extent and with three and thirty Spouts that in the middle of all throwing up the Water five and forty foot high A little beyond this we see another Fountain wherein the Water rises in the form of a Peacock's Tail under which as also beyond it are divers Cascades We do likwise here behold two large Porticoes or semicircular Cloisters with Rails over them and supported on divers Pillars On the West-side of the
a round Gravel Walk above four yards broad Going ten Paces forwards beyond the former Cascade we come to another where the Water falls from Three Stone Basins one below another whereof the uppermost is about three foot in front that in the middle four foot and a half and the lowermost five foot besides a farther extension of these Basins on both sides for the making of lesser Sheets of Water of eleven inches each in front which are likewise one below another in three descents Here is also an ascent of five stone steps on both sides of the Water with four Bases at the four Corners of those Steps for the placing of Flower-pots So soon as we are up these Steps we do presently turn on the right and left of the Walk into Semicircular Galleries or Porticoes below which there are two Green Slopes one below the other and between those Slopes there are Flower-pots disposed the whole length of them Each of these Galleries is forty paces long and about six yards broad and each of them is supported by twenty Pillars They are covered with Lead to shelter from the Rain and have White Ballisters four foot high upon the Leads to which there is an ascent by Stairs behind the Galleries On the Wall within the Galleries there are drawn the Gods and Goddesses at length in Fresco thirteen of them in each Gallery They are paved with White and Red Brick At the farther end of them there is a descent of seven Steps into the Garden Beyond these Galleries the former Walk â—ontinues between Kitchen Gardens on our right and left but we cannot see them by reason of a Hedge of Dutch Elm five yards high At the farther end of this Walk Northwards we come to another Cascade and Fountain The Cascade is from one plain long Basin about eight foot in front On both sides of it we do ascend by three Stone Steps that are five yards in length unto another Fountain that has no Spout in it The Basin of it is oval and but seven foot in length On both sides of this Fountain there are Seats covered above painted behind in Fresco and paved below with white Marble The open space about this Fountain and between the Seats is paved with a Black White and Yellowish Pebble set in divers Figures And here going up two Stone-steps more that are extended the whole breadth of the Walk we are stopt from going farther by large Iron Balusters and a Canal beyond them In the Canal below there is another Fountain in the midst of Gardans made of Shells Petrified Earths or spungy Stones from the top of which the water does fall on three rows or Garlands of the same substances placed one below another Lastly on both sides of this Fountain there are other Falls of water to be seen below Nor is our view here limited though our passage be for looking on still forwards we carry our prospect between Trees unto a high Pyramid erected in the Heath about half a mile's distance from the end of the Garden In this Second Division of the Garden there are twelve Parterres with Gravel-walks between them all The six inmost Quarters adjoining three of a side to the middle Broad-walk through which we passed do consist divers Figures in green encompassed with Beds of Flowers in the which there are divers Juniper Trees growing up Pyramidal about green round Staves and placed at convenient distances The six outermost of these Quarters next to the Garden-wall on both sides are all plain green From the low Wall at the bottom of the first Terras-walk unto the Stone Rails or Steps in the Lower Garden on the South-side of the middle Cross-walk it is about a hundred and twelve Paces And from the Steps of the side Terras-walk on the right unto the opposite Steps of the other Terras-walk on the left it is two hundred and twenty Paces Beyond the aforesaid Cross-walk from thence unto the Galleries it is a hundred and forty Paces and thence to the Iron Bars at the farther end about a hundred Paces more CHAP. IV Of the King's Garden and another Westward of it called the Labyrinth ON the West-side of the Palace under His Majesty's Apartments there is a Garden called the King's Garden which consists of two Divisions The one has three Parterres and a Fountain near the middle of them The other is a large Bowling-green The three Parterres do consist of Beds of Flowers bordered with Box in divers figures with Pyramids of Juniper or Box in many parts of them The Fountain is bordered with white Marble thirteen Inches broad In the middle of this Fountain there is a gilded Triton holding under his left Arm a gilded Dolphin out of whose Mouth springs a Jette that throws up the water about six foot high On the border of this Fountain there are placed at convenient distances eight gilded Sea-Dragons every one spirting the water upon the Triton in the middle The Bowling-green lies on the South-side of this Garden and has the King's Stables adjoining on two sides of it At the West-end of the Gravel-walk that is between the King's Garden and the Bowling-green we do pass through a Gate of Iron Rails partly gilded and partly painted Blew into another Garden called the Labyrinth or Wilderness When we have here cross'd a Gravel-walk a Hedge and a Green-walk we come to an ascent of three Stone-steps on both sides of which there is a Stone Fabrick with Ballisters in the middle and four wrought Flowerpots covered one on each side of the Ballisters From the Stone-work on each side of the Steps the water falls from three Marble Heads into a common Basin bordered and walled with Stone in each of these Basins there are two Spouts which do throw up the water six foot high Advancing Westward from the said Steps about thinty six Paces we come to a Fountain in the middle of which there are four Sea-Cupids in Stone sitting on four Dolphins Between the Cupids there rises a Spout out a Serpent's Head that throws up the water about five foot and out of every nostril of the four Dolphins there do run other little Spouts The Border of the Basin of this Fountain is a raised Stone-work and it is paved with white Pebbles but towards the Angles the Basin being octangular there are Figures of large Flowerdeluces in a dark Pebble At this Fountain there are eight several Walks to be Teen between Hedges of an equal heighth all the Hedges being between seven and eight foot high Of these eight Walks four are Green and the four others are of Earch without Turf and ungravelled The Green Walks are placed between the others At the end of all these Walks there are to be seen Statues or Paintings and Westward from the Fountain besides a large piece of Painting there is a Fountain with two Spouts and a fall of water out of a Head placed below the Painting North and South from this Foutain at forty Paces
a rough Grotesco manner and in one corner of this Grotto there is a Aviary The Room for the Grotto is paved with Black and White Marble there being two Fountains in it over-against one another and they are raised Arch-wise from the bottom to the top of the Room the border round the Fountains being raised above a foot from the floor in order to hinder the water from wetting the Room The sides are embellished with divers sorts of Shells and all parts of the Windows beautisied with the same in divers Figures There are three Gates or Passages into this Room one from the Queen's Garden another from the Great Garden under the Terras-walk the third goes into a little Room where a Couch is placed for Repose and thence we go into another Room adorned all over with abundance of Porcelaine or China The Aviary is exposed to the open Air but incompassed with a small Grate to confine the Birds and there is a place in the corner of the Grotto for the Birds to retreat into from the Rain or Weather On the Eastside of the Queen's Garden there is another Garden for retirement with Walks and Hedges of Witch-Elm about eight foot high into which we do pass out of the former through a Gate of wrought Iron painted Blew and Gilt. Turning in it Northwards in the second Walk we come to a Noble Fountain unto which we descend by six Stops but in the middle of these Steps there is a small fall of water in six descents from a Fountain at the top of the Step and from thence the water runs in a small channel cross the Walk that encompasses the Fountain which I am going to describe This Fountain is oblong or of an Oval figure its diameter is in length twenty Paces and it is about ten Paces wide In the middle of this Basin there is a round Rock of rough Stones Shells and Forgecinders about a yard above the water Out of this Rockwork there springs a Jette about five yards high from the middle of it and from the other parts round about this Rock there do rise abundance of other Spouts This Fountain is bordered with green Turf on the Slope of which Border there are placed at due distances six collopt Shells of wrought Stone Into all these Shells there is a fall of water from the mouth of a wrought Head joined to the Shell in one and the same Stone and from four parts of each Shell the water falls into the Basin of the Fountain which is not paved at all the Bottom being only of Earth as the Border of it and the Slope were of Turf Round this Fountain next to the Hedge and directly behind the foresaid six Shells there are six Statues in Stone or so many little Cupids standing upon high Pedestals of wrought Stone and at the bottom of each Pedestal there is a fall of water into a small square stone-Stone-basin from whence the water runs under the Walk into one of the Heads and Shells that were before mentioned to be placed on the Slope below the Border The first of these Cupids is drinking out of a Stone-cup held in one hand and has a bunch of Grapes in the other The second holds a Tulip in his Right hand The third is reading in a Book through a pair of Spectacles held near the Book The fourth has a Play-thing in his hand The fifth has a Snake which he squeezes hard in his Arms. And the sixth leans upon a Spade Also round about this Fountain there are placed fifty Orange-trees in Frames Going still Northwards about thirty Paces from this Fountain we come at the end of this Walk to a Statue of Venus at length a little stooping and holding Cupid by both hands The Venus is placed on a Stone Pedestal and out of a wrought Head at the bottom of the Pedestal there is a fall of water into a small stone-Stone-basin A little Eastward of this Statue of Venus there is another Fountain in a square stone-Stone-basin In the middle of it there is a small fall of water from a round stone-Stone-basin whence the water does fall equally all round in one sheet And besides another Cascade that is here made out of a Head into a large Basin there are five other falls of water from out of the Walls of this Fountain each of them about a foot in breadth CHAP. VI Of the Voliere or Fowl-Garden AT the West-end of the Middle Walk that divides the Great Garden into two Parts we pass through a Gate of wrought Iron into a Walk between high Trees that goes Southward into the first Labyrinth described in the Fourth Chapter and Northwards as far as the Heath that is beyond all the Gardens At this Garden-gate we behold the Old Hoof directly before us Westward but are separated from it by two Moats between which there are five rows of Lime-trees on the South of which the Labyrinth is seated and on the North the Fowl Garden that is now to be described Advancing from the foresaid Gate fifty paces Northwards we turn to the Gate of the Fowl Garden on our left to which we pass on a Bridge over the Moat This Gate is likewise of wrought Iron painted Blew and Gilt. Going from this Gate two and twenty paces we descend by three Steps to a Noble Fountain and Cascade round which Fountain from the bottom of the Steps to the Border of its Basin there is a Walk twelve foot and a half broad into which Walk there are four descents by three Steps four opposite ways And between the one and the other row of Steps there is a Green Slope round the Fountain The Basin of this Fountain is oblong or oval and of a great circumference the Diameter at least forty paces in length and about twenty four paces in breadth It is designed for the use of divers sorts of Fowl and there are Houses built on the two sides of this Garden for sheltering the Fowl. In the middle of this Fountain there is a Jette that throws up the water about twenty foot and below the Jette there is a triple Cascade made from three round Basins whereof the uppermost appears to make a sheet about a foot in depth the middle-one near about two foot and the lowermost four foot Between these three Basins the spaces or intervals are filled all round with Shells c. the which Shells are seen round them through the Sheets of water that fall from the said Basins On the North and South-side of this Fountain six yards from one of the descents by three Steps there are two Summer Houses the one opposite to the other They are within painted in fresco and bronze and have Cupola's over them painted Blew and Gilded Into these Houses we enter by folding Doors which consist of two foot Wainscot from the bottom the rest in broad Glass up to the Cupola Each of these Houses hath four Shash-windows besides the Doors and hath on each side of
them contiguous to the middlemost and largest Windows an Aviary wherein are kept curious Foreign or Singing Birds When the Shash-windows next to the Aviaries are opened there is still a Wire-grate remaining to hinder the Birds from flying out of their Aviaries into the Summer-houses These Houses are paved with white and red Marble cut into curious Figures but they are bordered all round with black Marble of half a foot breadth over which Border there is also a Ledge of white Marble between the black and the Wainscot The Aviaries that adjoin to Summer-houses are likewise covered with lesser Cupola's of Lead painted Blew and gilded but large Cupola in the middle has a round Glas-window and another little Cupola above the Window and on the top of the highest Cupola in each House there is a Gilded Pine-apple placed on a Gilded Basis These Aviaries have on three sides Grates of Wire which do reach from the Cupola above to a Stone-wall about two foot high at bottom The two outmost Side-grates have wooden Shutters without them and those Shutters an oval Glass-window in them towards the top In the middle of the Aviaries there is a Jette whose water falls into a little shallow leaden Basin near a yard square Behind these Aviaries there are other lesser ones open above and on one side for the receiving some particular Birds that must be more in the open Air or that must be kept alone by themselves And besides these Aviaries there are in two corners of this Garden on the Northwest and Southeast two other Houses in three divisions for Ducks Pigeons Poultrey c. with holes on both sides at the bottom for the Fowl to enter The middle part of these Houses is now used for tame Pigeons and has a large Wire-grate towards the Air and a Spout in the middle that falls into a shallow round Leaden Basin of about two foot diameter Round the uppermost Walk that encompasses this Fountain there are high Stakes joined together five yards above this Walk being a prop for the Hedges to grow on that are now of that heigth according to the manner that is frequently used in the Low Countries In four places of this Hedge there are also semicircular Arbors of the height of the Hedge with Seats at convenient distances from the Summer-houses Between this Hedge and the Wall of this Garden there are some plain Parterres bordered with Box and in other places Ever-Greens set here and here CHAP. VII Of the Park and its Fountains Long Canal Cascade c. together with the Viver that supplies the Fountains and Cascades with water as also a description of six other Vivers or Fish-ponds THE Park is a great space of Ground containing many Long Green Walks Groves Nurseries Fountains Canals Cascades the Viver and divers Corn-fields within the Pales So that when His Majesty is pleased to take diversion at home there is not wanting Game for Shooting Setting c. As we go from the Fowl-Garden Westwards we do leave the Old Hoof on the the left hand and at the West-end of this Garden we come to a large Wire-grate of the bigness of a large Gate on both sides of which Grate we pass through Doors into the Park and first to a Long Canal in the which there are no less than a hundred and eight Spouts half on one side and the other half on t'other side of the Canal They throw the water above four foot high and the water of every Spout is made to fall on the contrary side of the Canal This Canal is about six foot broad and the distance between every one of the Spouts is five foot so as that between every two on the same side there are ten foot distance At the beginning and end of the Canal there are placed two Spouts falling the one upon the place of the other but all the rest do fall on the contrary side and distant from the opposite Spouts the whole length of the Canal All these Spouts do fall into the figure of an Arch. This Canal reaches from the Gate of the Fowl-Garden already described unto a Great Cascade that will be presently mentioned it has Hedges on each side five yards high and on the farther side of the Hedge South of the Canal has a stately Grove of tall Trees and Northwards of it has all along a Nursery of young ones About half way the Walk on each side between the Hedge and the Border of the Canal is about five foot broad but the other half way next the Cascade the Walk is widened unto fifteen foot on both sides The Canal is Bordered with Green Turf and has a Slope of the same from the Border down to the water About the middle of this Canal on the South-side there is placed a Marble Statue of a Flora at length on a high Stone Pedestal and on each side of the Flora there is also a Head the which Statue and Heads are seen as at the end of a long Green Walk North of the Canal the which Walk is a hundred and seventy paces to go from the Canal unto the Fountain of Faunus that will soon be described At the West-end of this Long Canal we come to a most Noble Fabrick of wrought Stone or to the Cascade of the Fishers sometimes also called the Cypher Fountain It is joined to the side of one of the Walks about the Viver it has Ballisters at the top of the Fabrick and joining to the Walk above and there are covered Flowerpots upon the Ballisters On each side of this Cascade there are two several ascents by Stone-steps And first we come to four Steps on the corners of which there are placed two little Dragons out of whose mouths the water falls into two scollopt Stone Basins at the bottom under the Dragons From these four Steps on both sides we cross over other Canals by a Stone-bridge and then come to eleven Stone-steps more These Canals do serve to carry away good part of the water that makes this Cascade and the rest of it runs into the Long Canal just now described In the middle of this Cascade below the Ballisters there are four little Boys a fishing and drawing a Nett full of Fish the four little Boys are of Stone with leaden Net-work coloured like Stone in their Arms and through a great deal of this Net-work placed between the Boys the water falls into the a large wrought Basin and from this Basin the water falls again in five several places between other Net-work Two of these falls of water from the said Basin are made into a Stone Canal below that runs along the side of the Wall under the Stone Bridges into the Canals on the North and South sides of the Cascade The three other falls are thence made first upon Rockwork and from thence into a common or general Basin that receives the water aforesaid besides what comes from the Spouts and Bell that will be presently mentioned Moreover