Selected quad for the lemma: water_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
water_n	air_n	element_n	fire_n	13,062	5	7.1789	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A81486	Vox cæli; or, philosophical, historicall, and theological [brace] observations, of thunder. With a more general view of Gods wonderful works. First grounded on Job 26. 14. but now enlarged into this treatise. / By Robert Dingley, M.A. once fellow of Magdalen Colledge in Oxford; now minister of Gods Word at Brixton in the Isle of Wight, and County of Southampton.	Dingley, Robert, 1619-1660.	1658 (1658)	Wing D1502; Thomason E1868_1; ESTC R209723	78,969	218

only smite but instruct them by Thunder his Voice from Heaven and also by Moses his Admonitions In this Judgement the four Elements did meet and conspire to vex Pharaoh who had vexed Israel Aire in the Thunder Water in the Haile Fire in the Lightning and Earth in the Thunder-bolt if any there was Thus also the Lord destroyed the h 1 Sam. 7.10 Enemies of Samuel by Thunder The story saith that Samuel cryed unto the Lord and the Lord heard him and thundred with a great thunder that day upon the Philistims and discomfited them and they were smitten before Israel In the same manner did the Lord of Hosts treat the enemies of i 2 Sam. 22.14 15. Psal 18.13 14. David For he thundred from Heaven and the most High uttered his voyce he sent out Arrows and scattered them Lightning and discomfited them c. Here are three clear examples of the Lords chastising and fighting against his Enemies with Lightnings as shining Launces glittering Swords and Spears And with Thunder-claps as so many roaring and murdering Canon We need not therefore stay here to enquire whether that Fire that came down k Gen. 19. on Sodome or that on Nadab and Abihu or that on the l Numb 16.35 250 that offered incense were any other then violent Lightning from Heaven I will onely adde two famous instances recorded in Ecclesiasticall story We read of Anastatius the Emperour a bitter enemy and persecutor of the Church that God destroyed him by a Thunder-bolt from Heaven Also m Mornaus de Verit. Relig. Christ ca. 32 p. 350. under Marcus Aurelius there was a gallant Regiment wholly formed of Christians who when they were exceedingly straightned by their Enemies in Germany obtained by their fervent unanimous prayers hot Thunder-stones from Heaven to rout their Enemies accompanied with blessed showers to refresh themselves then ready to perish with extream heat and thirst whereupon they were ever after called the THUNDRING LEGION Secondly 2 At the delivery of the Law we read of extraordinary and supernatural Thunder when the Morall Law was delivered on Mount-Sinai n Exod. 19.16 18. Exod. 19. And it came to passe on the third day in the morning that there were Thunders and Lightnings and a thick Cloud upon the Mount and the voice of the Trumpet exceeding loud so that all the people that was in the Camp trembled After this God spake and delivered his Will in the ten Precepts which also he wrote with his own finger on o Exod. 32.15 Tables of Stone which were all made of Saphir say the Rabbins In p 1 Reg. 19.17 18. such a terrible way did the Lord appeare to Elias For there came a strong winde which rent the Mountaines and Rocks after this an Earth-quake then a Fire most likely a flash of Lightning after all this a still small voice was heard Quest Let us modestly enquire why the Lord being now about to reveale his Will to his People made divers Thunders to found as Trumpets before he gave his Decrees Of this eight Reasons may be given As Answer 1 First hereby was declared the Power Greatnesss and Majesty of the Law-giver Vt disceret populus eum magni aestimare that the people might learn to esteem him God did this q Dr. Willet on Exod. 19. Tanquam Imperatore praesente As if a great Emperour were coming before whom they use to blow Trumpets saith Chrysostom Commovit omnia Elementa saith another He shook all the four Elements that they might know he had power over all things Aire in the Thunder and Trumpet Water in the thicke and dark r Congruit Nubes in functionem legalem quae tenebrarum est non Lucis Cloud Fire in the Lightning and the Earth in the shaking and smoaking of the Mountains It is thus elegantly set forth by a Å¿ Bishop Halls Contemplations lib. 5. of the Law p. 827. Learned Writer of our Church in these words God was ever wonderfull in his Works and fearful in his judgments But he was never so terrible in the execution of his Will as now in the Promulgation of it Here was nothing but a Majesticall terrour in the Eyes in the Eares of the Israelites As if God meant to shew them by this how fearfull he could be Here was the Lightning darted in their eyes the Thunders roaring in their eares the Trumpet of God drowning the Thunder-claps the Voice of God out-speaking the Trumpet of the Angell The cloud enwrapping the smoake ascending the Fire flaming the Mount trembling Moses climbing and quaking Paleness and Death in the face of Israel uproar in the Elements and all the glory of Heaven turned into terrour In the destruction of the first World there were clouds without fire in the destruction of Sodome there was fire raining without clouds But here was fire smoak clouds thunder Earthquakes and whatsoever might work more astonishment then ever was in any vengeance inflicted But alasse the foolish Gods of the Heathens Aegyptians could do none of these things Answer 2 2 This was done to declare the imbecility infirmity and weaknesse of the Law-receivers and so beat down the Peacock Plumes that no flesh might glory in his presence Even t Exod. 26.19 Heb. 12.21 Moses quaked and trembled with the rest of the people As the eye of an Owle saith Lyranus twinkles at the Sun-light so the minde and understanding of man is stunn'd and dazled in Divine things Before the people thought they were holy but now they saw all their cleansing and holinesse was nothing worth For they were not able to abide in Gods presence nor hear his voice The Light on Mount-Sinai did help to see themselves miserable The Law would humble and fit us for mercy Let us see our selves lost creatures that the Law may be a Schoolmaster to bring us to Christ Such a Schoolmaster as that u Lightfoots Miscelanys cap. 60. Livy speaks of in Italy who brought forth his children intrusted with him to Hannibal so that if Hannibal had not been more merciful then ordinary they had all perished The Law doth not bring us to Christ to shew how well we can say our Lesson but to lay us prostrate at his foot for our neglect and inability We cannot keep the commands either w Anthony Burges Refin collectively ALL without failing in some or distributively there being not ONE command that any meere Man at any time can keep exactly The best may attain to do it x Austine Sine crimine non sine vitio without enormities perhaps but not without failings Answer 3 3 The Law was given with Thunder Lightning Trumpet and Earthquake to shew the Laws terrour to an awakened conscience allowing it selfe in sin 'T is said the Lawes of Drace the Athenian Legislator were writ in blood The Law of God was not so Yet accompanied with great solemnities and matter of astonishment to shew hee will not endure it shall

on Iob 26.14 volumn 7. p. 823. Expositor of this Book 1 Literally and strictly for the Meteor of Thunder which is indeed a thing Naturall but wherein the glory of God much appears his glory shines in the Lightning The God of glory thundreth Psal 29.3 Thunder is one of the most wonderfull and astonishing works of God Though many Philosophers write something of it yet no Mortall fully understands it 2 It may be taken of any extraordinary terrible work of Providence So those places may import c Psal 68.33 God doth send out his voice yea and that a mighty voice Again d Isa 30.30 The Lord shall cause his mighty voics to be heard with the indignation of his anger and with the flame of a devouring fire with scattering and tempests and hailstones So again e Rev. 10.4 Seale up the things which the seven thunders uttered and write them not So Job expressing the f Iob 39.19 25. fury of the horse in Battel who pawes destruction in the valley he saith God hath cloathed the necke of that creature with thunder q. d. God hath made him strong couragious and terrible The horse is fearlesse and furious in Battel He rejoyceth saith Job at the sound of the Trumpets he smelleth the Battel afar off the thunder of the Captains and the shouting of the people 3 It may also be taken for the highest and clearest publication of Gods power As if holy Job should say I have whispered a few things to you of the power of God but if God should thunder out himselfe or if his workes were spoken out as they deserve in Thundercracks Mortals would stand amazed their soules would be inveloped with horror And for this reason as you shall see two of Christs Disciples were called the sons of Thunder That is They set out God and Jesus Christ to the people They delivered Messages from Heaven with a bold heart and a powerful utterance They set out God in his power as if it thundred from Heaven when they preached g Quintil. l. 2. cap. 16. Quintilian requires in a good Orator Vt fulgurare tonare videatur that his eyes seem to lighten and his tongue to thunder before the Hearers Enquiry 2 Secondly Enquire we what Thunder is and how we may conceive of that wonderfull work of God Still remembring this of humble Job that wee cannot fully know or understand it 1 Look upon the Name 1 The name which may help to know the thing Isidore derives Tonitru a Terrendo Thunder from Terrour Because all creatures almost are so terrified and amazed with it Others derive Tonitru from its Tone it being the voice of God At the voyce of thy thunder they are afraid Psal 104. 2 Nature 2 Let us consider its Nature h Aristot Meteor l. 2. cap. 2 9. exam van Doct. Gent. l. 1. cap. 12. Conimb de Meteor Trac 22. Zanchius Tom. 3. lib. 3. De meteor cap. 4. Thes 5. Thunder is a fiery Meteor in the uppermost Region of the aire begotten of such hot and dry exhalations as the SUN hath drawn up from the Earth the which being gathered and shut up in the bowels of a thick cloud consisting of cold and moist vapours doe at length rent and break with huge violence the said cloud enclosing them which occasions that loud and fearfull crack Then the Exhalations being come to maturity and perfection and yet further incensed in the strife become all on a flame while they croud and struggle to get through the rent of the cloud and this makes the flash of Lightning Tonitru in Nubibus est sonitus propter illud quod extinguitur in ipsis Aristotle saith that Thunder is a noise in the clouds by reason of that which is i Aristot in Post li. 2 cap 2. extinguished in the same So red hot iron thrust into water will make a very great noise The crashing and roaring noise of Thunder to what shall I compare it 'T is like the noise of Chesnuts flying out of the fire like many Charets and Coaches rumbling and jumping in paved Cities like many hunger-bitten Lions roaring for their prey like many roaring Canons discharged one after another or a mighty stone tumbling downe a Rock into the Sea Yet I confesse all these are low similitudes to describe the Thunder cracks by It makes our Glasse-windows nay our houses and hearts to shake Though the Lightning is first seene yet all agree it is not before the Thunder but Fire k Aristot Meteor li. 2. c. 9. moving more swiftly then Aire and the eye of man being so much quicker then the eare it therefore comes to passe that the flash of Lightning is seen first and some time afterwards we heare the Thunder So the Axe of him that cleaveth wood at some distance from us is lifted up for a second blow ere we hear the first And the powder is first seen to flame at the touch-hole of a Gun but the Report is heard a pretty while after from the Castle something distant from us When the sound of the Cannon discharged reacheth our care we conclude the danger of the Bullet is past l Job 37.3 4 5. He sends out his lightning to the end of the earth and after it a voyce roareth saith Elibu Great things doth he which we cannot comprehend The thunder of his power who can fully understand Therefore 3 Let us consider the effects 3 The effects The first and most immediate effect of Thunder and Lightning is Brontia or the Thunder bolt hurled to the Earth which m Plinius in Nat. Hist lib. 37. cap 10. Pliny saith is like the head of a Tortois n Magirus p. 265. Others say it is in shape like unto a Pyramide 'T is generally held that it never goes but five foot into the earth That there are Thunder-stones you read in the Book of Psalms He gave up their cattel to the Haile and their flocks to kot o Psal 78.48 Thunder-bolts Your Margent reads it or great Hail-stones But the word p Ainsworth in Locum p. 120. signifies fiery coals or hot Thunder-stones But Hail-stones are Ice or water that is bound up with extreamity of cold So that marginal Note is such as may be spared Certain steep Hills in the borders of Epirus are called Ceraunia because oft smitten with Thunder-bolts As we read of Ombria or Pluvialis lapis a stone so called which falls down in showers of Rain so also it is generally held that besides these there are Thunder-stones cast down in the time of violent Thunder breaking and battering all that oppose them This q Zanch. Tom. 3. lib. 3 cap. 3. p. 357. Avicenna proveth at large and imputeth the wonderfull noise or ratling in Thunder to these stones often times saith he after Thunder such stones have beene found with whose violent blow some tree or house hath been rent or battered and it is often

and so dyed Five men were slain there fell some Hailstones that were fifteen inches about After this came Quartan Agues of which many died In the fifth year of i Idem page 286. Queen Eliz. Anno Dom 1563. July 8. there happened a great tempest of Lightning and Thunder which slew a woman and three children neer Charing crosse in London Also in Essex a man was torn in pieces his Barn was born down and Hay burnt Within few moneths there was an Earth-quake In the yeare k Idem p. 288. 1565. July 16. about nine at night began a tempest of Thunder and Lightning with showers of Hail which held on till three of the clock the next morning so terrible that at Chelsford in Essex 500 Acres of Corn were destroyed the Glasse-windows on the East side of the Towne and on the West and South-sides of the Church were beaten down with all the tyles off their houses beside divers Barns Chimneys and the Battlements of the Church which were overthrown Much harm also was done at Dover and other places A violent storm of Wind hapned the 24th of December following Anno Domini l Iem page 318. 1575. July 30. in the Afternoon arose a great tempest of Lightning and Thunder which slew Men and Beasts in divers places also at that time fell Hailstones seven inches about In the yeare m Idem p. 324. 1577. August 4. between nine and ten in the forenoon while the Minister was reading the second Lesson in the Church of Bliborough in Suffolke a strange and fearfull tempest of Thunder and Lightning strook through the wall of the Church into the ground almost a yard deep drave down all the people on that side cleft the door went to the Steeple rent the Timber brake the Chaines and fled towards Bongey sixe miles off The people were found groveling on the ground halfe an hour after whereof a man and boy lay dead the rest were scorched At Bongey there was the like for it wrung in sunder the Wyres wheels of the Clock slew two men which sate in the Belfrey and scorched another who hardly escaped with his life In the year n Idem p. 332. 1580. April 6. was a generall Earth-quake in England and on June 13. about 6 in the morning at Shipwash in Northumberland there hapned a storm of Lightning and Thunder After which on a sudden there fell stones of divers shapes On the 8 of October following there was a blazing Star Anno Dom. 1598. o Idem p. 413. Septemb. the first in the Afternoon it lightned and thundred at London two great cracks as it had been the shooting of great Ordnance Some men were smitten by it at the Tower of London and one man slain in Southwark over against the Tower p Idem p. 433. In the yeare of our Lord 1601. June the last there fell great Thunder and Lightning with Hailstones in many places nine inches compasse which at Sandwich in Kent lay a foot deep on the ground Well may we say with holy David Lord how terrible art thou in thy works All the earth shall worship thee Who would not feare thee O thou King of Saints Note Thus you have seene some-what of the Name Nature and effects of Thunder Yet take heed of ascribing too much unto it the Americans at this day worship and adore the Thunder Let it rather draw up our hearts to worship the Thunderer that the feare of God may continually possesseour hearts Enquiry 3 Thirdly we come next to enquire if any other then God be the Author or Instrument of Thunder I Answer 1 God is the efficient Cause Author and Orderer of Thunder and Lightning These expressions are usual in the Scripture The q Exod. 9.23 LORD sent Thunder and Haile r 2 Sam. 2● 14 The LORD thundred from heaven The ſ 1 Sam. 7.10 LORD thundred with a great thunder And such like places there be many which declare GOD to be the Thunderer Thunder is nine or ten times in Scripture called the t Psal 29.3 4 7 8 9. Psalm 77.18 Psalm 104.7 Iob 37.4 5. VOICE of God and no lesse then seven times in one Psalm is Thunder stiled his VOICE The voice of the Lord is upon the waters the God of glory thundreth The voice of the Lord is powerfull the voice of the Lord is full of majestie The voice of the Lord breaketh the Cedars shaketh the wildernesse The voice of the Lord divideth the flames of Fire c. So David goeth on to magnifie this VOICE of GOD. Thunder then is Gods voice or speech Imago animi sermo est Thunder Gods Voice saith Seneca speech is the lively Image and Representation of the Minde Loquere ut te videam saith the Proverb speak that I may see and know you This excellent Faculty the Lord hath communicated to rationall creatures And divers u Of the nature causes of speech see Casaubon of Enthusiasm cap. 4. mysteries are wrapped up in this great Mercy called by the w Psal 57.8 Psalmist the GLORY of Mankinde and therefore he bids it awake unto the praises of God that bestowed it Euripides calls the Tongue the messenger of Reason The Voice is the Minds Ambassadour the Soules interpreter the Thoughts Image and the Hearts Scribe Note Trhee Sciences are employed about our speech Grammar relates to the congruity Rhetorick to the Elegancy and Logick to the Verity or Probability of speech Without speech our Life would be a burden to us Any imperfection in speech is no small impediment to our Affairs Let us blesse God for any perfection therein Moses though so dear to the Lord had it not I read that Demosthenes having a great impediment in his speech attained a most handsome form of speaking by putting small stones into his mouth And Jerome living at Bethlem to learn Hebrew was fain to have his teeth filed ere he could pronounce it as he should Now concerning the Voice of God That we return to our Theame Let us see how many wayes God may be said to speak to us because Thunder is called his voice I Answer 1 Immediately by himselfe So no doubt the x Gen. 3.9 10. Voice which Adam heard in the Garden was the Voice of God himself and not the voice of an Angell as Gregory would have it And I heard thy voice in the Garden So it is said that God answered Moses by a y Exod. 19.19 Voice and that z Deut. 4.12 The people heard the voice of his words Thus a also God the Father spake articulately unto Christ b John 12.28 2 Pet. 1.17 I have glorified my Name and will glorifie it again 2 God speaks to us by his SON who by his incomparable Sermons spake as never man spake In these last dayes he hath spoken unto us by his Son c Heb. 1.2 His sheep heard his voice 3 God speaks to us by his spirit who said