is 〈◊〉 have a Fountain in the middle with such â—alks as the former in the other two Aâ—enues towards it Out of this Place you â—ound into another in form of a Half-â—oon it makes part of the first Court â—hich from the beginning of the Half-moon 〈◊〉 the great Court of the Castle is eighty â—athoms in length with four great Pavilions at the four Corners to lodge several Oâ—ficers in The great Court is shut in wiâ—â— iron Ballistres and two great Apartmeâ—â— that form the Wings having each a Balâ—â—ny opposite to it supported with Pillaâ— and adorned with Statues These wiâ—â— their Pavilions serve for Offices and haâ— Courts with other separate Buildings bâ—hind them There are other double Aparâ—ments that joyn these Wings and make 〈◊〉 Communication between the new and oâ— Castle and streightning the Top of tâ—â— great Court end with much Grace at tâ—â— Little which is the higher of the two As the French King has taken the Sun fâ—â— his Devise and that Poets confound it wiâ—â— Apollo there is nothing in this great Buildiâ—â— but has some Relation to that God Therefore as the two Wings of the great Couâ—â— are the Provision Offices they that had tâ—â— Care of the Work have got the four Eâ—â—ments represented at the top of the Portiquâ— of the Wings because these strive as 〈◊〉 were to furnish them with what is most eâ—quisite for Mans Support the Earth wiâ—â— its Beasts Fruits Flowers and Liquors tâ—â— Water with its Fish the Air with its Birdâ— and the Fire with its Help to dress anâ— make all ready Each Element has thrâ—â— Figures or Statues upon the four Balcâ—nies that represent it as the Earth Ceres Pâ—mona and Flora the Water Neptune Theâ—â— and Galathea the Air Juno Iris and Zeâ—hire the Fire is represented by Vulcan â—nd two Cyclops Sterops and Bronte Each â—f these Balconies has fifty foot in length â—hich is the breadth of each Pavilion Out of this Court we ascend by three Steps â—nto a large Resting-place and thence by â—ive more all Marble into the little Court which is paved with white and black Marâ—le with Streaks of white and red Marble â—nd has a Fountain Basin of white Marble â—n the middle with gilt copper Statues The Front and Wings are built of Brick and Free Stone with Marble busts upon Pendants or Brackets of the same for the greater Decoration Before this Front is a Balcony supported by eight Marble Pillars with red and white Spots like Jasper after â—he Dorique Order and their Chapters and Bases are of white Marble In the two Angles of the Wings of the Front are hangâ—ng Bottoms or Tromps that bear two Cabinets environed with gilt iron Cages and underneath are two Basins of white Marble in form of great Shell-works where young Tritons spout Water The middle Building has three gilt Iron-Doors leading into the Vestibule or Porch that has two Apartments on the Right and Left The two Wings of the little Court have two Stairs of white and red spotted Marble which lead to the upper Apartments tâ—â— on the Right-hand of one side to a Hâ—â— and Gallery and of the other to seveâ—â— Chambers that are the King's Apartmeâ—â— separated from the Queen 's by a great Hâ—â— that takes up the whole Body of the mâ—â—dle Building and has three Doors to a Pâ—â— or Platform that faces the Garden This 〈◊〉 all paved with white black and râ—â— Marble with a Basin of white Marble 〈◊〉 the middle prepared to be a great Spout The great Castle with the new Builâ—ings that this present King has added to tâ—â— old Versailles go under the Name of Neâ— Castle They have a Sight on the Gardeâ— and Courts that part them from the littâ—â— Castle to which they are joyned by greâ—â— Stair-Cases that communicate with the upper Apartments The Building on thâ— Right-hand and on the Grotto's side is composed at the lower part of several Pieces oâ— different bigness Coming out of the great Court and having passed under an open Porch you find a great Stair-case thirteen Fathoms and a half in length and five in breadth Yoâ— may go into the great low Apartment by a Fort that is beyond this Stair-case or by aâ— Arch that is at the bottom and leads into a Porch which looks into the Garden as all the other Pieces hereafter mentioned Out of this Porch you enter consecutively into two painted Halls the different Pieces of Architecture represented in the last make the Place appear as environed with several Pillars diversly adorned and far greater and higher than really it is Out of this you come into that which seems as a Vestibule when you enter by the Court into these Apartments the Cieling is supported by eight Pillars of the Dorick Order all fine Marble streaked red and white brought from Dinan in the Country of Liege the Chapters and Bases being of a greener that is called little Breche These Pillars are disposed into two parts four on each side that divide the Vestibule into three parts near the Wall and over against the Pillars are Pilasters of the same Marble that bear a Corniche which reigns all under the Plafond and over against the Windows are hollow Standings to place Statues in Next this Vestibule is another Hall whereof the Cornish that bears the Cieling is supported by twelve Pillars of the Ionique Order with their Pilasters behind them The four Pillars that are in the Angles with the twelve Pilasters are of black and white Marble and the eight other are of a Marble called Breche which comes from the Pyrenees the Ground is white with red black violet blew and yellow Spots The Chapters and Bases of the Pillars and Pilasters are of delicate white Marble Out of this you enter into another of the samâ— bigness whose Cieling is Octogone witâ— twelve double Pedestals a side of the Wiâ—dows and with Doors of fine Marble having twelve Figures of young Men witâ— Wings to their Backs that represent tâ—â— twelve Months of the Year All these Fâ—gures are Copper gilt with Gold the Pieces over the Doors and those that go across iâ— the Windows are of the Marble of Languedock Flame-coloured and White On one sidâ— of this Hall is the Chamber and Cabinet 〈◊〉 the Baths All the Pieces over the Doors anâ— Windows the Props and generally all partâ— that have no Hanging are laid with differenâ— Marble in equal Divisions so that all seemâ— solidly built therewith and this Order is observed to make use of the rarest and most precious in the Places that lye nighest to the King's Apartment so that as you go out of one Chamber into another towards it you will observe them more and more costly both in Marble Sculpture and Paintings This Order is also kept in the upper Apartments for there are eight Chambers or Halls all of a Flower that have each their different Marble and Painting The first that is five Fathoms and a half long and five wide where it wants
comprehended what was since call'd Novempopulana and now Gascony But August extended it Limits to the Loire so that it contain'd besides the present Government of Guienne the Provinces of Poictou Touraine Berry la Marche Bourbonnois and Auvergne and made the fourth part of the Gauls Charlemaign and Lewis the Meek follow'd this division when they erected it into a Kingdom for their youngest Sons Most of those Provinces were since possest by the Dukes of Guienne fell to the English by the Marriage of the Dutchess Eleonor with Henry II. and were Conquered from them by Charles VII The Dukes of Guienne had the third rank among the twelve Ancient Peers of France The name of Guienne is a maimed Word from the Latin Aquitaniae that is it self deriv'd from Aquae because there are many Springs of Warm Water whence many Cities in this Government are still call'd to this day as we shall see hereafter This Government borders to the North upon Poictou Angoumois and la Marche to the East upon Auvergne and Languedoc on the South to the Pyrenean Hills by which it is divided from Spain and the West to the Ocean It lies between 42 D. 30 Min. and 46 D. 20 Min. of Latitude and between 18 D. and 24 D. of Longitude which amount from the South to the North to 100 Leagues from Aragnoet in the Pyrenées to Niort in Poictou and to about 112 from St. John de Luz beyond Bayone to Saint Geniez in Rouergue near Gevaudan The Soil is pretty Fruitful in Corn Wines Fruits Pastures c. except the Lands or Sandy-grounds near the Pyrenées where is nothing but Heaths and Pastures that feed abundance of Cattle The Air is there sweet and wholesom This Government is Water'd by many Rivers of which the Chiefest are the Garomne and the Charante that have been already described the Dordonne the Lot and the Adâ—ur of which are after The Garomne above all facilitates the Trade of Wine Corn Oyls Brandy Plums Wooll One may say for this Country that it has given to France brave Soldiers and great Schollars for it is certain that Guienne and Languedoc get as much honour in the Armies and the Republick of Letters at the rest of the Kingdom besides The Inhabitants of this Province are generally Ingeniouâ— Valiant Cunning but much derided for their Pride which has even passed into a Proverb As to the Rivers of Guienne the chief are the Garonne which has been describ'd p. 8. the Charente p. 263. the Seudre that waters part of Saintonge and falls into the Bay of pertuis de Maumusson South-East of the Isle of Oleron and South of Brouage The Dordonne that rises in Auvergne near a place call'd Murat receives the Chavanoy near its source then the Rue the Sumene the Auze the Louesse the Somene the Estarreau the Sere increas'd with the Jordane and Autre the Bave the Nea the Ser then goes through Bergerac Saincte Foy Libourne where 't is increa'd shith the Lisle This springs up in Limosin at a place called Meisse receives near its source the Loulour and the high Vezere goes by Perigueux Montpont Lussac where it receives the Larrey increased with the Palais and a little higher the Droune increased with the Coles Boulon Janade Emâ—ere Voutrou Les Fontaines Tude and Rissonne and then the Save three Miles North of Liâ—â—urne The Dordonne thus swoln and able to bear great Boats pursues its way to the West receives the Moron not far from St. Andreas and mixing with the Garonne at a place call'd Bourg they run together into the Ocean maâ—ing up a Bay of 2 or 3 Leagues in breadth â—nd 20 in length under the name of Gironde The Drot rises in Perigord near a place call'd 〈◊〉 washes Villereal Castillonnes Monsegur â—â—lls into the Garonne at Caudrot and carries no â—â—ats The Lot springs from the Mountains â—f Gevaudan waters Mende Entraygues where 〈◊〉 receives the Truyere increased with the Bes Lander and Epic goes by La Vinzelle Cadeâ—â—â— and Cayrac is increased with the Seze the Cole and Iboly that water Figeac then runs through Cahors where it begins to be navigable receives the Masse and the Lede with several other Rivulets and discharges it self into the Garonne betwixt Clerac and Esguillon The Aveyrou issues in Rouergue near the Fronteers of Gevaudan washes Rhodez receives the Biaur and together with this River makes the separation betwixt Albigeois and Rouergue then is increased with the Cerdu and Ceret the Bonnette the Vere and the Conde mixes with the Tarn 5 Miles East of Moissac where having received the Lute and Lemboulas they run both into the Garonne The Seune and some other Rivulets of less note fall also into the Garonne betwixt the Lot and the Averrou Then come the Tarn the Agout and the Lers which I now go by because they belong to Languedoc to speak only of the Rivers of this Government which fall into the Garonne on the South-side of it as the Touche near Muret the Save increased with the Gesse at Grenade the Nadesse betwixt this Village and Verdun the Gimone increased with the Farampionor over against Castel-sarasin The Corre the Ayroux the Camesan inconsiderable Brooks the Ratz the Giers that goes through Aux Lectoure and discharges it self into the Garonne over against Agen. The Baise that comes from Armagnac washes Condom and Nerac receives the Losse the Lausou the Lante the Gelise and falls into the Garonne over against Esguillon Lower down to the West this great River is increas'd with many other Rivulets as the â—â—lizos the Lavassane the Loubens c. The Leyre or Erre rises in that barren Counâ—ry call'd Landes and falls into the Bay nam'd Cape de Buchs in the Country of Medoc The Adour issues from the Pyrenees goes â—hrough Tarbe receives the Leschez and the â—arrez increased with the Bouez waters Ayre Grenade and Dax receives the Gabas the Leus the Luy the Gave of Pau which waters Pau â—â—d Lescar and is increased with the Vedan â—he Gaves of Cauteres and Azun the Lazon the â—â—es the Baisse the Gaves of Ossau Aspe Oleâ—â—â— and Salies the Rivulets of Lou-vert and â—essas Then the Adour receives the Bidouse â—he Ayguette and the Nive at Bayonne 3 Miles â—rom its Mouth On the North-side it is inâ—reased with the Midou that goes through Villeâ—â—â—ve Mont de Marsan and Tartas and carries â—long with it the Waters of the Ladon Douze â—stampen Ganeire Lestrigon and Gelouse Guienne is now divided into 19 Provinces â—hereof the first 8 belong to Guienne and the â— others to Gascony Proper Guienne Basadois â—genois Querci Rouergue Limosin Perigord â—â—intonge Armagnac Chalosse Condomois Lanâ—â— Terre de Labour Lower Navarre Viscounty Soule Bearn Bigorre Comminge Conserans â—â—eir Capital Cities are Bourdeaux Archbishopâ—â— Bazas Bishoprick Agen Bish Cahors Bish â—â—des Bish Limoges Bish Perigueux Bish â—â—â—tes Bish Auch Archbish S. Sever Condom â—â—h Dax Bish Bayonne Bish S. Palais Mauâ—â— Pau Tarbe Bish S. Bertrand Bish S. Lizer Of
like Pitch and have such a petrifying Vertue that all running they form a Bridge which the Inhabitants are oblig'd to cut lest he should grow too great Riom Ricomagus lies three Leagues North-East of Clermont upon a little Hill which reâ—ders both its Situation and Prospect agreeable It is very well built the Streets are straight and wide the Houses fine the Churches magnificent the Monasteries sumptuous the Fountains pleasant and the Gardens delicate they live there both cheap and with delicacy so that 't is call'd the Flower-Garden of AVVERGNE And its Latin Name made up of two â—aulish words Rico-magus signifies rich Habitation Riom honours for its Patron one S. Amable of whom Gregory of Tours says that he had the Vertue of putting Serpents to flight It 's the Native Country of James Sirmond and Amable Burze two very learned Men. This Town is the chief of the Dukedom of Auvergne of which all the Fiefs and Mesne-fiefs of the Province are Vassals and was erected into a Dukedom on behalf of John Duke of Berry Son to the French King in 1360. It is above 900 Years since the Judge of this Town was call'd the universal Judge of all the Province because he judged by Appeal all the Law-Suits It has a Seneschal's Jurisdiction and a Presidial which is one of the most considerable of the Realm as well as a Generality of Finances an Election and both a Marshal and Consular Jurisdiction The Lieutenant General is also a Provost of the Court of Mint and â—udge of all the differences that may arise in the Convocation of the Ban and Rear-ban of the Province which is made at Riom Justice is administred there in a Castle or Palace which John of Berry caused to be built Aygue-Perse Aqua Sparsa is the Capital of a little Country called the Dauphinè of Auvergne that is now united to the Dutchy of Montpensier which lies but a League North of it and both Towns three or four Leagues North of Riom Brioude Brivas lies upon the Allier thirteen Leagues South of Clermont It 's famous for the Grave of S. Julian a Martyr and for a Collegiate Church of Canons who are Counts of the Town and depend immediately upon the Pope The Bridge of the Burrough called Old Brioude has only an Arch but extraordinary long and high Issoire Iciodurum upon the Allier almost midway betwixt Clermont and Brioude is renown'd for its good Race of Horses and for a bottomless Lake whence rises a Vapour which resolves it self into Rain if you throw a stone into it Pont-gibaut 3 Leagues North-west of Clermont has a Silver Mine in its Neighbourhood Three Leagues more Northwards lies S. Gervais where has been as 't is said a Race of Conjurers call'd les Marques the last of whom cast himself headlong into a Pond Maringues is much frequented for its Haven upon the Allier which begins here to be navigable It lies almost seven Leagues North-East of Clermont La Queulle is a Castle near the borders of Limosin six Leagues South-west of Clermont which has in its Neighbourhood a Fountain that tastes of Wine and has say they as much strength mixt with the sixth part of that Liquor Hard by is a Mountain called Le Mont d'or The golden Mountain because of some Chaffs like Gold that are seen glittering in its Ponds and of a sort of shining yellow or golden Sand that is used by Gentlemen to dry their Writings Here is the source of the River Dordonne and of several Springs very healthful to those that hath themselves therein The other places of note in Lower Auvergne on the West-side of the Allier are S. Pourcain near that River and the Frontiers of Bourbonnois from whence to Langeac a Marquisate near the Cevennes the Allier is continually border'd with Vineyards Gannat Esbreule Menat Manatense Monastertum Effiat a Marquisate Randan a Dutchy Artonne Enezat Montserrand over against Clermont Pont au mur Hermene Orcival Cournon le Crest Pont du Chasteau Besse S. Perdoux La Tour S. Germain-Lambrun Mercaeur Ardes Blesle c. On the East of the Allier to which part of Lower Auvergne Du val appropriates the name of Limagne tho other Geographers extend it father to the West are Vic le Comte upon the Allier 11 Miles South-East of Clermont It 's the Capital of a tract of Land called the County of Auvergne has a fine Palace and a S. Chappel pretended to be built by the Dukes of Albany Billom Biliomagus is environed with pleasant Vineyards Thiers or Tiern Tigernum Castrum is renowned for the good Knives and Cizers that are made there Lezoux for the goodness of its Air and its excellent Melons Arlenc is the Capital of a small Country nam'd Livradois because it was rid or delivered of the overflowing Waters by digging a Channel a thousand foot in length through a Mountain The other places are Alegre a Marquisate S. Paullian Paulliaguet la Voute Chillac la Cheze-Dieu Casa Dei Auzon Alsona S. Germain-Lerm Ambâ—rt Saucilanges Celsinaniae S. Amand-de-Roche-Savine Corpiere Curva Petra Oliergues Puy-Guillaume Manlieu Magnus us with an Abby of Benedictins Of La MARCHE MARK in the Teutonic Tongue signifies Confines or Limits whence comes Mark-graaf-Marquis that is Governour of the Frontiers This Province having been made up of the Borders of Poictou Limosin and Auvergne has gotten from thence the name of Marka or Marchia La MARCHE It has Berry to the North Poictou to the West Limosin to the North and Auvergne that is the little Territories of Combrailles and Franc-Aleu which are of its dependencies to the East It s extent from West to East is about 30 Leagues and from South to North fifteen and in some places twenty It 's divided into Upper whose chief Town is Gueret and into Lower which has le Dorat The Lords of Lusignan or Lezignen were counts of La MARCHE afterwards of Angoulesme and those 2. Counties were united to the French Crown under King Philip the Fair. It has often been the Appannage of younger Brothers in France especially of the House of Bourbon and was at last re-annex'd to that Crown in 1331 after many Revolutions This Country is but indifferent fruitful and produces only some Pastures Oats and Rye There are good Horses and they trade also in Oxen Sheep Hogs and coarse Cloaths Several considerable Rivers have their Source here as the Vienne the Cher the Creuse and the Gartempe This Province resorts for the Temporal to the Parliament of Paris and for the Spiritual to the Bishop of Limoges Gueret Waractum Capital of Upper Marche has a Seneschalship a Presidial a Mareshal's Jurisdiction and an Ecclesiastical Court of the Diocese of Limoges from which 't is 12 Leagues distant to the North-East It s name seems to come from the Latin Vervactum which signifies an unmanur'd Ground whence has been made Waractum Garactum and Gueret This Town has an Election resorting to the Generality of Moulins The other places of some