that_o be_v the_o first_o matter_n out_o of_o which_o all_o body_n be_v compose_v and_o into_o which_o by_o a_o universal_a division_n they_o may_v be_v reduce_v the_o second_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o body_n make_v of_o the_o first_o and_o upon_o which_o the_o efficient_a cause_n do_v exercise_v their_o activity_n therefore_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o world_n but_o what_o be_v a_o compound_v and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o compound_v without_o matter_n it_o be_v also_o certain_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o make_v without_o a_o efficient_a cause_n which_o act_v upon_o compound_n and_o destroy_v they_o that_o of_o they_o other_o may_v be_v make_v because_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o first_o serve_v for_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o second_o the_o matter_n which_o go_v to_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o be_v the_o first_o matter_n or_o material_a cause_n of_o the_o compound_v and_o that_o matter_n which_o serve_v the_o efficient_a cause_n for_o a_o subject_a and_o patient_n be_v call_v the_o second_o matter_n both_o of_o they_o may_v be_v a_o efficient_a cause_n for_o compound_n do_v act_n upon_o one_o another_o as_o the_o element_n which_o drive_v one_o another_o backward_o and_o forward_o that_o which_o drive_v another_o be_v call_v the_o agent_n as_o that_o which_o be_v drive_v be_v call_v the_o patient_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n which_o resist_v it_o and_o drive_v back_o another_o this_o regress_n of_o the_o motion_n be_v call_v a_o reaction_n so_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v the_o subject_a and_o cause_n of_o motion_n and_o that_o to_o give_v and_o receive_v be_v the_o principle_n of_o agent_n and_o patient_n may_v be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o in_o divers_a respect_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o first_o matter_n all_o philosopher_n do_v unanimous_o agree_v that_o there_o be_v a_o first_o matter_n in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v produce_v from_o the_o beginning_n and_o though_o it_o can_v never_o be_v alter_v by_o any_o change_n yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o all_o the_o generation_n and_o corruption_n which_o be_v in_o nature_n this_o do_v suppose_v that_o the_o first_o matter_n do_v exist_v before_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o compound_v wherein_o it_o be_v find_v and_o that_o it_o still_o remain_v and_o survive_v the_o corruption_n of_o it_o as_o fire_n be_v make_v of_o chip_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v in_o the_o chip_n and_o it_o be_v find_v partly_o in_o the_o fire_n partly_o in_o the_o smoke_n and_o partly_o also_o in_o the_o ash_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o man_n that_o nothing_o be_v make_v out_o of_o nothing_o and_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o nature_n which_o can_v be_v reduce_v into_o nothing_o so_o that_o the_o first_o remain_v one_o and_o the_o same_o in_o all_o the_o revolution_n which_o do_v happen_v therefore_o in_o respect_n of_o matter_n we_o may_v just_o say_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o new_a in_o the_o world_n since_o the_o creation_n of_o it_o and_o that_o this_o matter_n in_o its_o nature_n be_v incorruptible_a so_o that_o to_o explain_v the_o essence_n of_o this_o first_o matter_n be_v all_o and_o the_o one_o only_a difficulty_n if_o we_o harken_v to_o aristotle_n he_o make_v it_o the_o subject_a of_o all_o form_n and_o that_o it_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o passive_a power_n or_o a_o mere_a capacity_n of_o produce_v and_o receive_v they_o in_o its_o bosom_n he_o say_v in_o another_o place_n that_o matter_n in_o itself_o have_v neither_o quality_n nor_o quantity_n nor_o any_o essence_n beside_o that_o which_o it_o receive_v from_o that_o form_n which_o perfect_v it_o but_o this_o explication_n give_v we_o no_o idea_n of_o matter_n neither_o do_v it_o teach_v we_o any_o thing_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n according_a to_o this_o doctrine_n we_o may_v say_v that_o matter_n be_v something_o and_o we_o may_v say_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o it_o be_v nothing_o and_o that_o it_o give_v that_o be_v to_o form_n and_o receive_v the_o same_o from_o it_o and_o last_o that_o it_o have_v distinct_a part_n without_o any_o quantity_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v impossible_a they_o be_v more_o in_o the_o right_n who_o say_v that_o the_o first_o matter_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o first_o element_n into_o which_o compound_v by_o a_o total_a dissolution_n be_v reduce_v also_o these_o element_n ought_v to_o be_v simple_a and_o indivisible_a for_o otherwise_o the_o first_o element_n be_v not_o such_o as_o we_o suppose_v they_o to_o be_v it_o follow_v from_o this_o doctrine_n that_o neither_o water_n nor_o air_n nor_o earth_n nor_o fire_n be_v the_o first_o element_n of_o thing_n because_o they_o be_v compound_n therefore_o we_o must_v look_v out_o for_o other_o element_n which_o be_v simple_a and_o indivisible_a those_o thing_n which_o the_o chemist_n will_v fain_o establish_v that_o be_v salt_n sulphur_n and_o mercury_n can_v be_v take_v for_o the_o first_o element_n of_o body_n since_o they_o be_v but_o compound_v of_o many_o other_o body_n i_o be_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n concern_v descartes_n his_o three_o element_n which_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v impossible_a because_o they_o be_v divisible_a therefore_o we_o must_v acknowledge_v that_o only_o simple_a and_o indivisible_a atom_n be_v the_o first_o matter_n and_o first_o principle_n and_o element_n whereof_o body_n be_v compose_v out_o of_o these_o atom_n be_v corpuscle_n make_v out_o of_o these_o corpuscle_n small_a mass_n out_o of_o mass_n great_a part_n &_o then_o of_o these_o part_n great_a body_n whereof_o the_o universe_n do_v consist_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n go_v backward_o in_o a_o analytical_a method_n the_o world_n be_v divide_v into_o great_a body_n those_o into_o part_n part_n into_o small_a mass_n mass_n into_o corpuscle_n and_o last_o these_o corpuscle_n be_v divide_v into_o atom_n chap._n xix_o of_o atom_n and_o their_o nature_n that_o we_o may_v solid_o evince_v the_o existency_n of_o atom_n we_o must_v suppose_v that_o every_o compound_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o so_o many_o part_n as_o there_o be_v which_o make_v the_o compound_n therefore_o division_n ought_v necessary_o to_o cease_v when_o there_o be_v a_o failure_n of_o part_n to_o be_v divide_v on_o the_o other_o side_n there_o be_v no_o end_n of_o it_o as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v particle_n to_o be_v divide_v one_o of_o the_o two_o we_o must_v allow_v that_o be_v either_o that_o a_o body_n can_v be_v so_o exact_o divide_v but_o that_o there_o always_o remain_v divisible_a part_n in_o infinitum_fw-la or_o that_o there_o be_v part_n after_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o division_n which_o will_v not_o admit_v any_o further_a division_n aristotle_n stand_v for_o the_o former_a but_o gassendus_fw-la and_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n do_v defend_v the_o latter_a and_o according_a to_o this_o last_o doctrine_n after_o all_o the_o division_n be_v make_v nothing_o can_v remain_v beside_o atom_n that_o be_v indivisible_a being_n which_o be_v the_o first_o element_n of_o natural_a body_n i_o confess_v it_o be_v hard_o to_o imagine_v a_o corporeal_a thing_n to_o be_v indivisible_a because_o we_o see_v nothing_o in_o this_o world_n which_o be_v not_o divisible_a but_o this_o make_v nothing_o against_o atom_n which_o be_v corporeal_a because_o they_o compose_v body_n and_o be_v indivisible_a because_o they_o be_v the_o first_o and_o most_o simple_a element_n of_o body_n hence_o arise_v another_o difficulty_n because_o it_o can_v be_v easy_o explain_v after_o what_o manner_n a_o thing_n that_o be_v divisible_a be_v compose_v of_o part_n which_o be_v indivisible_a impartial_a mind_n do_v not_o find_v so_o much_o difficulty_n in_o conceive_v this_o matter_n as_o those_o do_v who_o follow_v the_o prejudices_fw-la which_o they_o have_v receive_v first_o these_o man_n who_o be_v thus_o so_o prepossess_v do_v not_o consider_v that_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n which_o escape_v our_o sense_n and_o yet_o be_v most_o real_a second_o they_o do_v not_o consider_v that_o that_o which_o compose_v a_o body_n be_v not_o a_o compound_n as_o we_o see_v that_o unity_n make_v number_n though_o itself_o be_v not_o a_o number_n letter_n whereof_o noun_n and_o word_n be_v frame_v yet_o be_v neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o the_o drop_n of_o water_n whereof_o river_n do_v consist_v be_v not_o river_n so_o atom_n though_o they_o be_v invisible_a and_o indivisible_a yet_o they_o compose_v body_n which_o be_v visible_a and_o divisible_a aristotle_n and_o his_o follower_n do_v teach_v we_o that_o a_o small_a body_n as_o for_o example_n a_o millet_n seed_n be_v divisible_a in_o infinitum_fw-la and_o that_o it_o contain_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o part_n which_o be_v suppose_v
meteor_n be_v the_o shoot_v off_o of_o a_o gun_n for_o the_o thunder-bolt_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o bullet_n the_o fire_n come_v out_o of_o the_o muzzle_n represent_v lightning_n and_o the_o report_n from_o thence_o hold_v the_o place_n of_o thunder_n another_o thing_n which_o give_v we_o a_o lively_a and_o more_o just_a idea_n of_o they_o be_v aurum_fw-la fulminans_fw-la which_o like_o the_o thunder-bolt_n carry_v its_o stroke_n downward_o three_o grain_n of_o which_o though_o never_o so_o little_o make_v hot_a take_v fire_n and_o give_v a_o great_a report_n than_o two_o ounce_n of_o gunpowder_n i_o will_v show_v you_o its_o preparation_n in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n and_o give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o it_o and_o i_o will_v endeavour_v to_o explain_v how_o it_o come_v to_o thunder_n and_o how_o the_o thunder-bolt_n fall_v epicurus_n attribute_n the_o fall_n of_o the_o thunder-bolt_n to_o the_o aperture_n which_o the_o wind_n produce_v in_o the_o cloud_n but_o the_o lightning_n he_o think_v arise_v when_o the_o thunder-bolt_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o violent_a motion_n in_o the_o air_n take_v fire_n or_o say_v this_o philosopher_n the_o flame_n of_o the_o lightning_n be_v excite_v by_o the_o mutual_a meeting_n of_o cloud_n which_o be_v body_n make_v hard_o by_o vehement_a cold_n or_o else_o that_o it_o be_v excite_v by_o the_o blow_n of_o wind_n or_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o star_n which_o set_v on_o fire_n the_o nitrous_a and_o sulphurous_a matter_n collect_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o cloud_n the_o sound_n of_o thunder_n may_v be_v divers_a way_n first_o by_o the_o revolution_n of_o a_o strange_a body_n contain_v in_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o cloud_n and_o roll_v through_o it_o as_o we_o see_v a_o solid_a body_n shut_v up_o in_o a_o pot_n excite_v a_o sound_n and_o murmur_a noise_n if_o the_o pot_n be_v move_v the_o same_o noise_n may_v likewise_o proceed_v from_o the_o break_n or_o burst_v of_o the_o cloud_n as_o well_o as_o it_o do_v from_o the_o burst_n of_o a_o blown-bladder_n or_o paper_n sudden_o and_o forcible_o extend_v or_o the_o sail_n of_o a_o ship_n tear_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n in_o like_a manner_n this_o sound_n may_v be_v cause_v from_o the_o mutual_a meeting_n together_o of_o harden_a cloud_n like_o that_o we_o hear_v when_o piece_n or_o flake_n of_o ice_n dash_v one_o against_o another_o either_o in_o the_o river_n or_o on_o the_o bank_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n also_o wood_n indeed_o stir_v by_o the_o wind_n the_o flow_n of_o the_o sea_n interrupt_v linen_n and_o paper_n suspend_v in_o the_o air_n by_o their_o violent_a motion_n excite_v sound_n like_o the_o sound_n of_o thunder_n we_o may_v say_v beside_o that_o the_o thunder-bolt_n be_v thorough_o light_v and_o fall_v upon_o a_o moist_a cloud_n excite_v a_o great_a noise_n such_o as_o we_o hear_v when_o red_a hot_a iron_n be_v throw_v into_o water_n or_o melt_v metal_n into_o oil_n urine_n honey_n or_o the_o lees_n of_o wine_n where_o we_o also_o find_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o murmur_n and_o at_o last_o we_o perceive_v so_o great_a a_o noise_n or_o sound_n that_o it_o threaten_v the_o break_n of_o the_o vessel_n but_o this_o mighty_a noise_n may_v be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o vehement_a separation_n of_o the_o salt_n nitre_n and_o sulphur_n which_o be_v mix_v together_o be_v include_v in_o the_o thunder-bolt_n and_o the_o cloud_n as_o gunpowder_n be_v in_o gun_n and_o mine_n for_o the_o violent_a and_o sudden_a separation_n of_o nitre_n and_o sulphur_n forcible_o separate_v all_o body_n near_o they_o which_o can_v be_v do_v without_o a_o mighty_a sound_n therefore_o that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o comprehend_v the_o nature_n and_o wonderful_a effect_n of_o this_o meteor_n i_o will_v make_v the_o follow_a digression_n concern_v aurum_fw-la fulminans_fw-la chap._n xv._n of_o aurum_fw-la fulminans_fw-la or_o gold_n imitate_v thunder_n experience_n show_v we_o upon_o earth_n a_o much_o more_o natural_a image_n or_o representation_n of_o thunder_n than_o that_o which_o be_v see_v in_o the_o effect_n of_o gunpowder_n and_o the_o noise_n and_o disturbance_n which_o this_o gold_n when_o set_v on_o fire_n produce_v do_v so_o proper_o imitate_v the_o horrid_a noise_n of_o thunder_n that_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v call_v aurum-fulminans_a i_o will_v here_o give_v you_o its_o preparation_n and_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o give_v the_o reason_n of_o its_o wonderful_a effect_n and_o apply_v they_o to_o the_o production_n of_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n take_v therefore_o for_o example_n one_o ounce_n of_o calcine_v gold_n or_o leaf_n gold_n or_o else_o gold_n dust_n and_o put_v it_o into_o a_o bolt_n head_n and_o pour_v to_o it_o three_o ounce_n of_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la which_o be_v do_v place_v it_o upon_o hot_a ash_n and_o the_o gold_n will_v dissolve_v and_o be_v reduce_v into_o water_n to_o which_o pour_v on_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o fair_a water_n and_o after_o that_o a_o few_o drop_n of_o oil_n of_o tartar_n for_o than_o that_o will_v cause_v a_o ebullition_n or_o boil_a which_o be_v over_o the_o gold_n will_v fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n in_o the_o form_n of_o dust_n then_o afterward_o pour_v off_o the_o water_n that_o swim_v a_o top_n by_o gentle_o stoop_v the_o vessel_n and_o dry_a the_o powder_n in_o the_o air_n so_o have_v you_o aurum-fulminans_a for_o it_o produce_v all_o the_o effect_n we_o tell_v you_o of_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o so_o soon_o take_v fire_n be_v take_v from_o the_o atom_n or_o corpuscle_n of_o nitre_n which_o be_v in_o aqua-regis_a as_o also_o of_o the_o sulphur_n vitriol_n and_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a of_o which_o it_o be_v make_v these_o sulphurous_a and_o acid_n and_o volatile_a salt_n be_v unite_v together_o and_o the_o precipitate_v particle_n of_o gold_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o salt_n of_o tartar_n possess_v their_o place_n dissolve_v their_o union_n and_o force_v they_o to_o give_v way_n and_o be_v separate_v so_o that_o nothing_o remain_v in_o the_o water_n but_o a_o dissolve_a salt_n part_n of_o which_o adhere_v to_o the_o atom_n of_o gold_n fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n with_o they_o as_o the_o increase_a weight_n of_o the_o powder_n evince_n these_o same_o particle_n therefore_o which_o remain_v in_o the_o powder_n stick_v to_o the_o gold_n so_o that_o heat_n penetrate_v this_o and_o dilate_v this_o matter_n produce_v a_o sudden_a and_o violent_a separation_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o volatile_a salt_n be_v make_v hot_a rarefy_v subtilise_v and_o set_v on_o fire_n the_o gold_n which_o before_o be_v fix_v be_v accompany_v with_o these_o spirit_n fly_v away_o with_o a_o thunder_a noise_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o contrariety_n that_o be_v between_o the_o alcalous_a salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o the_o acid_a salt_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o gunpowder_n where_o the_o alkali_n that_o be_v in_o the_o charcoal_n produce_v the_o same_o effect_v as_o be_v see_v in_o this_o thunder_a gold_n except_v that_o the_o stroke_n of_o the_o gold_n and_o its_o explosion_n be_v make_v downward_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o fixity_n and_o weight_n we_o see_v the_o same_o in_o the_o thunder-bolt_n for_o the_o stroke_n be_v make_v downward_o the_o flash_n be_v see_v and_o the_o noise_n be_v hear_v beside_o the_o thunder-bolt_n produce_v wonderful_a effect_n such_o as_o be_v consume_v of_o wine_n in_o the_o vessel_n melt_v of_o the_o sword_n in_o the_o scabbard_n the_o scabbard_n and_o the_o vessel_n be_v both_o untouched_a therefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o the_o stroke_n of_o thunder_n move_v downward_o as_o well_o as_o aurum-fulminans_a because_o these_o terrestrial_a particle_n predominate_v they_o fix_v the_o volatile_a spirit_n of_o the_o salt_n and_o precipitate_v they_o downward_o the_o flash_n arise_v only_o from_o the_o rarefaction_n and_o emancipation_n of_o the_o solar_n and_o celestial_a particle_n therein_o contain_v but_o the_o noise_n in_o aurum-fulminans_a as_o well_o as_o in_o thunder_n be_v produce_v by_o the_o violent_a separation_n of_o the_o more_o solid_a and_o more_o fixedly-adhering_a particle_n or_o atom_n but_o thunder_n consume_v wine_n in_o the_o vessel_n the_o vessel_n be_v unhurt_a because_o it_o consist_v of_o emancipate_v atom_n which_o be_v therefore_o so_o subtle_a that_o they_o penetrate_v the_o vessel_n subtilise_v and_o rarefie_v the_o wine_n and_o convert_v it_o into_o atom_n which_o pass_v through_o the_o vessel_n and_o fly_v away_o into_o the_o air_n but_o in_o aurum-fulminans_a the_o strength_n of_o the_o volatile_a spirit_n not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o raise_v the_o gold_n on_o high_a it_o be_v carry_v downward_o the_o principle_n of_o this_o wonderful_a effect_n rely_v upon_o this_o truth_n to_o wit_n that_o subtle_a body_n be_v more_o subtilise_v volatile_a body_n more_o volatile_a and_o fix_v body_n
from_o whence_o it_o be_v bring_v into_o spain_n out_o of_o it_o be_v extract_v the_o best_a and_o pure_a gold_n who_o corpuscle_n be_v wrap_v up_o in_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o crude_a and_o unprofitable_a earth_n the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o lapis_fw-la lazulus_fw-la or_o the_o azure-coloured_a stone_n litharge_n and_o tutty_n be_v not_o proper_o mineral_n because_o they_o be_v not_o dig_v out_o of_o mine_n for_o the_o first_o be_v only_o the_o grosser_n part_n of_o gold_n silver_n or_o lead_v but_o tutty_n be_v the_o pure_a part_n of_o copper_n the_o atom_n of_o which_o be_v set_v at_o liberty_n ascend_v and_o stick_v to_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o furnace_n wherein_o copper_n be_v melt_v the_o four_o mineral_n be_v vitriol_n contain_v in_o itself_o saline_n sulphurous_a and_o mercurial_a corpuscle_n all_o of_o a_o different_a figure_n the_o spirit_n which_o be_v distil_v from_o it_o consist_v of_o atom_n so_o acute_a as_o that_o they_o cut_v thick_a humour_n and_o hinder_v vapour_n from_o ascend_v to_o the_o brain_n it_o penetrate_v likewise_o into_o imperfect_a metal_n arsenic_n be_v a_o white_a and_o crystalline_a mineral_n there_o be_v a_o yellow_a one_o also_o call_v orpiment_n and_o a_o three_o which_o be_v red_a call_v sandover_n all_o these_o three_o be_v very_o violent_a poison_n for_o the_o reason_n above_o allege_a sulphur_n also_o be_v a_o mineral_n easy_o take_v fire_n as_o be_v of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n it_o dissolve_v and_o melt_v iron_n just_a as_o a_o burn_a coal_n do_v wax_n there_o be_v extract_v from_o it_o a_o spirit_n a_o oil_n or_o balsam_n perform_v wonder_n in_o disease_n of_o the_o breast_n there_o be_v also_o another_o sulphur_n in_o perfect_a metal_n which_o be_v incombustible_a chap._n xiii_o of_o salt_n salt_n be_v the_o principle_n of_o savour_n because_o the_o saline_n atom_n have_v figure_n fit_a to_o affect_v and_o vellicate_a the_o organ_n of_o taste_n that_o be_v the_o tongue_n and_o palate_n sea_n or_o common_a salt_n be_v make_v out_o of_o sea-water_n by_o the_o help_n of_o evaporation_n this_o very_a same_o salt_n be_v dissolve_v in_o water_n a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o who_o space_n it_o fill_v all_o which_o be_v fill_v the_o salt_n fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n unless_o something_o else_o be_v put_v into_o it_o as_o nitre_n or_o the_o like_a which_o the_o water_n carry_v with_o it_o over_o and_o above_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o vacuity_n of_o water_n be_v not_o all_o equal_a and_o that_o there_o be_v some_o of_o they_o which_o the_o atom_n of_o nitre_n can_v enter_v into_o but_o not_o the_o atom_n of_o common_a cubical_a salt._n common_a salt_n vitriol_n nitre_n and_o the_o like_a have_v atom_n not_o only_o sharp_a or_o point_a but_o also_o like_o little_a hook_n adhere_v to_o glass_n itself_o though_o endue_v with_o few_o and_o very_o small_a pore_n and_o what_o be_v wonderful_a sea-salt_n or_o vitriol_n or_o nitre_n or_o all_o of_o they_o together_o dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o the_o water_n evaporate_v by_o degree_n the_o salt_n or_o salt_n we_o see_v ascend_v according_a to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o glass_n to_o the_o very_a brim_n of_o it_o whither_o when_o it_o be_v come_v it_o descend_v on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o the_o very_a bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n so_o that_o it_o be_v quite_o cover_v with_o salt._n from_o this_o experiment_n three_o thing_n be_v manifest_a first_o that_o there_o be_v little_a cavity_n in_o glass_n second_o that_o salt_n like_o ivy_n be_v endow_v with_o little_a hook_n and_o three_o that_o salt_n grow_v and_o creep_v up_o according_a to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o glass_n just_a as_o the_o sap_n of_o tree_n and_o nourish_a humour_n ascend_v from_o the_o root_n to_o the_o trunk_n and_o from_o thence_o afterward_o to_o the_o high_a branch_n as_o shall_v be_v say_v elsewhere_o husbandman_n experience_v this_o to_o be_v true_a when_o they_o burn_v their_o stubble_n that_o so_o the_o rain_n fall_v upon_o the_o ash_n may_v carry_v along_o with_o they_o the_o salt_n which_o be_v to_o penetrate_v into_o the_o earth_n from_o which_o afterward_o seed_n and_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o earth_n arise_v salt_n do_v also_o preserve_v body_n from_o corruption_n by_o creep_v into_o their_o pore_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n hinder_v the_o air_n from_o enter_v in_o which_o will_v divide_v and_o dissolve_v their_o part_n or_o cause_v a_o fermentation_n in_o they_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o kind_n of_o salt_n to_o wit_n sour_a and_o sweet_a and_o acid_a and_o bitter_a and_o as_o many_o other_o as_o there_o be_v taste_n which_o arise_v only_o from_o a_o different_a disposition_n of_o their_o atom_n as_o salt_n be_v find_v in_o all_o thing_n so_o from_o they_o it_o may_v be_v extract_v and_o they_o who_o extract_v salt_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o make_n of_o nitre_n do_v afterward_o expose_v that_o earth_n to_o the_o air_n where_o it_o be_v impregnate_v again_o with_o salt_n either_o from_o the_o air_n or_o rain_n salt_n have_v as_o various_a motion_n as_o they_o have_v figure_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o evaporation_n of_o four_o salt_n dissolve_v together_o in_o water_n for_o they_o do_v not_o only_o after_o the_o water_n be_v evaporate_v remain_v at_o the_o bottom_n but_o also_o each_o of_o they_o choose_v to_o itself_o a_o proper_a place_n and_o fasten_v itself_o to_o it_o without_o mix_v at_o all_o with_o the_o other_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o irregularity_n of_o their_o figure_n from_o the_o salt_n of_o urine_n be_v extract_v a_o spirit_n which_o mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n compose_v a_o body_n hard_a enough_o because_o those_o spirit_n by_o fill_v each_o other_o vacuity_n be_v harden_v for_o nothing_o become_v hard_o but_o in_o as_o much_o as_o its_o vacuity_n be_v either_o fill_v or_o make_v less_o from_o tartar_n a_o salt_n be_v extract_v which_o be_v the_o salt_n of_o wine_n out_o of_o which_o calcine_v and_o dissolve_v in_o a_o cold_a place_n be_v make_v a_o oil_n which_o be_v mix_v with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n a_o great_a boil_a arise_v and_o that_o be_v over_o a_o white_a powder_n fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n call_v tartar_n vitriolate_v for_o all_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o tartar_n enter_v into_o the_o vacuity_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n and_o the_o salt_n of_o tartar_n recover_v its_o first_o state_n that_o be_v of_o a_o white_a powder_n but_o the_o strife_n betwixt_o they_o proceed_v from_o the_o disagreeableness_n of_o their_o atom_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o they_o very_o much_o justle_v one_o another_o that_o salt_n which_o be_v call_v sal_fw-la polychrestum_n be_v not_o of_o less_o usefulness_n because_o it_o drive_v out_o peccant_a humour_n extreme_o well_o it_o be_v compound_v that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o nitre_n and_o sulphur_n d._n seignette_n add_v to_o it_o moreover_o another_o salt_n and_o indeed_o i_o must_v say_v that_o that_o have_v succeed_v better_a than_o all_o other_o and_o that_o his_o sal_fw-la polychrestum_fw-la be_v a_o very_a innocent_a and_o a_o most_o excellent_a remedy_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o subterraneous_a fire_n and_o earthquakes_a there_o be_v no_o man_n can_v doubt_v but_o that_o there_o be_v subterraneous_a fire_n the_o mountain_n of_o hecla_n in_o island_n aetna_n in_o sicily_n and_o vesuvius_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n be_v invincible_a argument_n of_o they_o as_o there_o be_v the_o fire_n of_o the_o star_n above_o we_o so_o there_o be_v fire_n below_o we_o call_v subterranean_a light_v beneath_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n or_o at_o least_o bituminous_a and_o sulphurous_a matter_n be_v never_o want_v beneath_o the_o earth_n no_o more_o than_o coal_n or_o bituminous_a stone_n which_o easy_o take_v fire_n and_o flame_n therefore_o the_o set_v they_o on_o fire_n be_v not_o at_o all_o difficult_a for_o there_o need_v only_o one_o little_a spark_n arise_v from_o the_o strike_v together_o of_o two_o flint_n or_o from_o a_o lamp_n or_o candle_n which_o miner_n carry_v along_o with_o they_o into_o the_o pit_n that_o so_o they_o may_v the_o better_a work_n there_o the_o same_o also_o may_v happen_v by_o lightning_n or_o last_o fire_n may_v be_v kindle_v of_o its_o own_o accord_n by_o a_o fat_a and_o unctuous_a humidity_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o wet_v hay_o and_o such_o like_a body_n heat_n and_o take_v fire_n from_o these_o subterranean_a fire_n the_o heat_n of_o mineral_n water_n arise_v nor_o be_v there_o any_o fear_n that_o these_o shall_v extinguish_v these_o fire_n for_o bitumen_n burn_v in_o water_n as_o the_o experiment_n of_o camphire_n teach_v we_o earthquake_n be_v produce_v by_o wind_n that_o be_v by_o a_o troop_n of_o emancipate_v atom_n which_o shake_v the_o earth_n place_v most_o obnoctious_a to_o these_o be_v the_o seacoast_n by_o
reason_n of_o wind_n and_o tempest_n creep_v into_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n through_o the_o hole_n make_v hollow_a by_o the_o water_n but_o these_o earthquake_n arise_v when_o the_o earth_n recede_v never_o so_o little_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o its_o gravity_n or_o be_v interrupt_v in_o its_o motion_n about_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o universe_n that_o be_v about_o the_o sun_n or_o else_o when_o it_o be_v drive_v to_o and_o fro_o by_o the_o solar_a vortex_n and_o this_o be_v a_o four_o motion_n of_o it_o by_o mean_n of_o which_o it_o be_v sometime_o near_o the_o sun_n in_o a_o straight_a and_o perpendicular_a line_n from_o whence_o sometime_o happen_v intolerable_a summer_n heat_n or_o mild_a winter_n or_o on_o the_o contrary_a as_o we_o may_v have_v experience_v chap._n xv._n of_o water_n and_o their_o difference_n there_o be_v many_o kind_n of_o water_n see_v which_o i_o here_o propose_v to_o speak_v a_o little_a of_o the_o first_o of_o they_o be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o common_a elementary_a water_n who_o atom_n be_v round_o and_o vacuity_n plenty_n and_o triangular_a this_o may_v be_v rarify_v and_o condense_a as_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o fire_n enter_v into_o its_o vacuity_n either_o dilate_v they_o and_o remove_v the_o part_n of_o water_n from_o one_o another_o or_o the_o particle_n of_o cold_a compress_v they_o and_o shut_v they_o up_o by_o their_o gravity_n or_o else_o expel_v from_o thence_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n which_o have_v insinuate_v therein_o sometime_o water_n be_v so_o close_o shut_v up_o by_o cold_a that_o it_o be_v congeal_v and_o bring_v into_o cones_fw-la of_o ice_n from_o who_o lightness_n appear_v the_o quantity_n of_o air_n that_o have_v get_v into_o the_o pore_n and_o from_o its_o hardness_n be_v manifest_v that_o the_o vacuity_n of_o this_o air_n be_v very_o much_o compress_v another_o species_n of_o water_n be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v distil_v water_n and_o which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o alembic_n be_v extract_v out_o of_o all_o kind_n of_o simple_n which_o be_v thus_o do_v the_o particle_n of_o water_n which_o be_v in_o plant_n do_v free_a themselves_o and_o be_v drive_v upward_o in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n which_o strike_v against_o the_o head_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v incrassated_a crush_v together_o and_o condense_v into_o little_a drop_n of_o water_n which_o fall_v down_o through_o the_o beack_v of_o the_o alembick_a after_o this_o manner_n rains_n arise_v and_o fall_v upon_o the_o earth_n and_o from_o hence_o we_o may_v learn_v that_o vapour_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o water_n rarefy_v and_o that_o in_o nature_n there_o be_v a_o continual_a circulation_n whilst_o water_n ascend_v and_o descends_z it_o ascend_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n and_o make_v the_o cloud_n and_o it_o fall_v down_o again_o in_o rains_n and_o dew_n a_o three_o sort_n of_o water_n be_v call_v aquafortis_n extract_v out_o of_o mettalline_a salt_n so_o that_o to_o speak_v proper_o it_o be_v not_o water_n but_o spirit_n that_o be_v the_o most_o subtle_a and_o most_o acute_a particle_n that_o be_v in_o the_o salt_n and_o by_o force_n be_v free_v from_o they_o and_o which_o forsake_v their_o terrestrial_a part_n carry_v only_o the_o watery_a part_n along_o with_o they_o with_o which_o they_o compose_v a_o sensible_a and_o fluid_a body_n this_o water_n dissolve_v metal_n and_o bring_v they_o into_o a_o corrosive_a liquor_n so_o we_o may_v see_v what_o saline_n corpuscle_n be_v able_a to_o do_v when_o they_o be_v free_v from_o their_o earthy_a part_n nor_o shall_v we_o any_o more_o wonder_n at_o the_o effect_n which_o proceed_v from_o serosity_n and_o salt_n phlegm_n in_o humane_a body_n we_o may_v from_o hence_o also_o learn_v from_o whence_o the_o intolerable_a pain_n of_o the_o gout_n gripe_v and_o the_o colic_n do_v arise_v for_o these_o be_v corrosive_a spirit_n free_v from_o their_o earthy_a part_n which_o become_v so_o sharp_a and_o penetrate_a that_o they_o pierce_v through_o the_o part_n on_o which_o they_o fall_v pull_v and_o tear_v they_o asunder_o the_o follow_a species_n of_o water_n be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v aquavitae_a which_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o more_o subtle_a corpuscle_n of_o wine_n which_o be_v of_o a_o fiery_a and_o sulphurous_a nature_n and_o do_v very_o easy_o burn_v and_o take_v fire_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o fermentation_n a_o aquavitae_a be_v extract_v out_o of_o all_o kind_n of_o grain_n pulse_n and_o plant_n it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a thing_n true_o that_o we_o see_v a_o linen_n cloth_n dip_v in_o aquavitae_a and_o set_v on_o fire_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o it_o be_v not_o burn_v nay_o not_o so_o much_o as_o scorch_a which_o proceed_v from_o this_o that_o in_o aquavitae_a there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o salt_n who_o corpuscle_n stick_v to_o the_o linen_n defend_v it_o from_o the_o burn_a heat_n of_o the_o flame_n which_o apply_v itself_o to_o the_o sulphur_n only_o not_o be_v able_a to_o touch_v the_o salt_n or_o the_o subject_a to_o which_o it_o adhere_v under_o the_o five_o species_n of_o water_n be_v comprehend_v mineral_n water_n so_o call_v because_o they_o contain_v in_o they_o a_o great_a many_o mineral_n spirit_n as_o various_a as_o the_o place_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v and_o as_o various_a as_o the_o metal_n and_o mineral_n which_o they_o meet_v with_o in_o their_o passage_n among_o they_o some_o be_v hot_a and_o boil_a because_o they_o run_v through_o place_n in_o which_o sulphur_n and_o bitumen_n be_v heat_v of_o these_o there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o in_o france_n but_o the_o most_o natural_a and_o sweet_a of_o they_o be_v the_o water_n of_o bourbon_n which_o conduce_v very_o much_o to_o the_o breast_n and_o stomach_n and_o to_o the_o whole_a body_n by_o open_v their_o pore_n and_o vent_n take_v away_o by_o transpiration_n headache_n rheumatism_n and_o palsy_n and_o they_o may_v deserve_o be_v call_v a_o universal_a medicine_n because_o beside_o the_o virtue_n above_o describe_v they_o possess_v wonderful_a one_o also_o in_o the_o stone_n of_o the_o kidney_n and_o cure_v fit_n of_o the_o mother_n unless_o that_o they_o too_o much_o irritate_fw-la ulcer_n and_o inward_a apostem_n as_o also_o they_o discover_v they_o if_o they_o lie_v hide_v i_o have_v chemical_o extract_v out_o of_o these_o water_n a_o salt_n as_o white_a as_o snow_n and_o altogether_o like_a to_o sal_fw-la polychrestum_fw-la and_o i_o can_v affirm_v that_o nitre_n also_o and_o sulphur_n be_v contain_v in_o they_o for_o this_o reason_n their_o sharp_a particle_n enrage_v inward_a ulcer_n and_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n sharp-pointed_a dock-leaves_a being_n ca_fw-mi 〈…〉_z into_o the_o well_n of_o bourbon_n the_o salt_n hinder_v they_o from_o wither_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o salt_n of_o the_o aquavitae_a keep_v the_o light_a handkerchief_n without_o be_v hurt_n as_o we_o observe_v before_o there_o be_v also_o other_o hot_a water_n which_o instead_o of_o nitre_n be_v impregnate_v with_o vitriol_n whereupon_o they_o purge_v by_o stool_n much_o more_o than_o the_o other_o but_o they_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o safe_a of_o these_o there_o be_v many_o kind_n but_o all_o the_o bourbon_n water_n be_v alike_o except_o the_o water_n of_o ionas_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o best_a moreover_o the_o water_n of_o bourbon-lancius_a in_o bâ—â—gundy_n be_v the_o hot_a and_o have_v some_o part_n of_o nitre_n and_o sulphur_n but_o the_o great_a part_n of_o bittumen_n wherefore_o they_o serve_v for_o bathe_v indeed_o but_o not_o at_o all_o for_o drink_v because_o they_o purge_v only_o by_o transpiration_n and_o plentiful_a sweat_v there_o be_v also_o a_o great_a many_o cold_a mineral_n water_n in_o france_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n those_o of_o passy_n les_fw-fr paris_n which_o beside_o that_o they_o as_o well_o as_o other_o spurge_n by_o stool_n and_o urine_n they_o have_v this_o peculiar_a quality_n that_o they_o cure_v ague_n and_o cool_v in_o burn_a fever_n they_o open_v inward_a and_o inveterate_a apostem_n they_o open_v obstruction_n of_o the_o liver_n spleen_n and_o bowel_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o spirit_n or_o corpuscle_n of_o iron_n which_o they_o carry_v along_o with_o they_o out_o of_o the_o mine_n through_o which_o they_o pass_v some_o of_o these_o be_v strong_a some_o sweet_a and_o last_o some_o decay_a chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o sea_n its_o ebb_a and_o flow_v as_o also_o of_o the_o saltness_n of_o sea-water_n the_o sea_n go_v about_o the_o earth_n like_o a_o circle_n or_o girdle_n and_o the_o earth_n be_v like_o a_o island_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o but_o if_o by_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n cavity_n have_v not_o be_v dig_v in_o it_o in_o which_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v place_v it_o will_v overflow_v the_o whole_a earth_n the_o first_o thing_n in_o the_o
a_o new_a treatise_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n free_v from_o the_o intricacy_n of_o the_o school_n adorn_v with_o many_o curious_a experiment_n both_o medicinal_a and_o chemical_a as_o also_o with_o several_a observation_n useful_a for_o the_o health_n of_o the_o body_n london_n print_v by_o r._n e._n for_o j._n hindmarsh_n at_o the_o golden-ball_n over_o against_o the_o royal._n exchange_n in_o cornhill_n 1687._o license_v october_n 28._o 1686._o robert_n midgley_n index_n the_o first_o part_n of_o physic_n wherein_o be_v treat_v of_o the_o cause_n and_o principle_n of_o nature_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n and_o of_o its_o essence_n and_o difference_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o first_o cause_n chap._n iii_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n chap._n iu._n of_o second_o cause_n and_o their_o action_n chap._n v._o of_o accidental_a cause_n chap._n vi_o of_o sympathy_n antipathy_n and_o the_o effect_n depend_v thereupon_o chap._n vii_o experiment_n about_o iron_n and_o the_o loadstone_n chap._n viii_o a_o explication_n of_o many_o other_o effect_n which_o be_v common_o attribute_v to_o sympathy_n chap._n ix_o of_o portative_a remedy_n common_o call_v annulet_n of_o quicksilver_n gold_n silver_n and_o copper_n chap._n x._o of_o natural_a phoenomenas_n which_o be_v attribute_v to_o antipathy_n chap._n xi_o of_o emetic_n sudorifick_v and_o specific_v chap._n xii_o of_o poison_n and_o toxick_n chap._n xiii_o of_o sublimate_n arsenic_n and_o other_o kind_n of_o poison_n and_o their_o deadly_a effect_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o antidote_n chap._n xv._n of_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o our_o disease_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o our_o health_n chap._n xvii_o of_o formal_a exemplary_a and_o material_a cause_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o first_o matter_n chap._n xix_o of_o atom_n and_o their_o nature_n chap._n xx._n the_o property_n magnitude_n figure_n weight_n and_o motion_n of_o atom_n chap._n xxi_o the_o difficulty_n arise_v from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o atom_n chap._n xxii_o of_o a_o disseminate_a congregate_v and_o separate_a vacuum_n according_a to_o gassendus_fw-la chap._n xxiii_o of_o a_o congregate_v vacuum_n against_o aristotle_n and_o cartesius_n the_o second_o part_n of_o physic_n wherein_o be_v treat_v of_o the_o celestial_a world_n and_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v above_o man._n chap._n i._o of_o the_o immense_a space_n which_o be_v without_o the_o heaven_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o heaven_n and_o their_o nature_n chap._n iii_o of_o star_n and_o their_o substance_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o figure_n and_o magnitude_n of_o star_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o star_n chap._n vi_o the_o system_fw-la of_o the_o world_n according_a to_o ptolemy_n examine_v chap._n vii_o the_o system_fw-la of_o the_o world_n according_a to_o copernicus_n examine_v chap._n viii_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o sun_n the_o true_a centre_n and_o heart_n of_o the_o world._n chap._n x._o of_o the_o moon_n and_o its_o change_n chap._n xi_o of_o planet_n comet_n and_o the_o fix_a star_n chap._n xii_o of_o meteor_n in_o the_o air._n chap._n xiii_o of_o wind_n tempest_n and_o whirlwind_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o thunder_n lightning_z and_o the_o thunderbolt_n chap._n xv._n of_o aurum-fulminans_a which_o imitate_v thunder_n chap._n xvi_o of_o hail_n snow_n frost_n etc._n etc._n chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o rainbow_n halones_n and_o parrhelis_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o air_n its_o substance_n and_o quality_n the_o three_o part_n of_o physic_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v beneath_o man_n viz._n of_o the_o earth_n and_o terrestrial_a thing_n which_o be_v call_v inanimate_a chap._n i._o of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n in_o general_n chap._n ii_o of_o terrestrial_a inanimate_a body_n in_o general_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o various_a quality_n observe_v in_o compound_v body_n chap._n iu._n of_o special_a quality_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o composition_n of_o body_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o quantity_n weight_n and_o figure_n of_o compound_v body_n chap._n vi_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o natural_a artificial_a and_o compound_v body_n chap._n vii_o of_o metal_n and_o their_o formation_n chap._n viii_o of_o gold_n the_o king_n of_o metal_n chap._n ix_o of_o silver_n copper_n and_o other_o imperfect_a metal_n chap._n x._o of_o lead_n tin_n and_o iron_n chap._n xi_o of_o quicksilver_n arbour_n diana_n or_o the_o silver_n tree_n chap._n xii_o of_o mineral_n chap._n xiii_o of_o salt_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o subterranean_a fire_n aend_v earthquake_n chap._n xv._n of_o water_n and_o their_o difference_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o sea_n its_o ebb_a and_o flow_v and_o of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea-water_n chap._n xvii_o of_o spring_n and_o rivers_n the_o four_o part_n of_o physic_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o man_n and_o of_o man_n himself_o as_o he_o be_v a_o compound_v physical_a and_o animate_v body_n chap._n i._o of_o life_n in_o general_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o difference_n of_o life_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o vegetative_a life_n common_a to_o man_n and_o plant_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o nature_n of_o seed_n and_o their_o propagation_n chap._n v._o of_o nutrition_n which_o be_v common_a to_o plant_n and_o brute_n as_o well_o as_o man._n chap._n vi_o how_o and_o with_o what_o food_n a_o embryo_n be_v nourish_v in_o the_o womb_n till_o the_o time_n of_o its_o nativity_n chap._n vii_o how_o a_o man_n be_v nourish_v after_o he_o be_v born._n chap._n viii_o the_o sensitive_a life_n of_o man_n and_o other_o animal_n chap._n ix_o of_o see_v its_o organ_n and_o object_n viz._n light._n chap._n x._o how_n illustrate_v object_n be_v visible_a chap._n xi_o of_o hear_v its_o organ_n and_o object_n chap._n xii_o particular_a question_n about_o hear_v chap._n xiii_o smell_a its_o organ_n and_o object_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o taste_n and_o its_o object_n chap._n xv._n of_o feel_v chap._n xvi_o of_o speech_n the_o pulse_n and_o breathe_v of_o man._n chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o irregular_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o animal_n and_o in_o fever_n chap._n xix_o of_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood._n chap._n xx._n of_o the_o inward_a sense_n and_o the_o inferior_a appetite_n chap._n xxi_o of_o sleep_n want_v of_o rest_n and_o death_n chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o death_n of_o brute_n plant_n and_o metal_n chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o rational_a soul_n and_o its_o power_n natural_a philosophy_n or_o natural_a science_n free_v from_o the_o intricacy_n of_o the_o school_n the_o desire_n of_o knowledge_n be_v natural_a to_o man_n curiosity_n be_v inseparable_a from_o his_o spirit_n neither_o be_v he_o ever_o at_o rest_n until_o he_o have_v attain_v to_o the_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v until_o he_o become_v a_o wise_a man._n science_n be_v the_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n by_o their_o cause_n therefore_o there_o be_v no_o man_n wise_a who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o original_a principle_n and_o cause_n of_o all_o thing_n occur_v to_o he_o and_o since_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o man_n in_o this_o life_n to_o attain_v to_o a_o clear_a distinct_a and_o a_o undubitable_a knowledge_n of_o all_o thing_n therefore_o there_o be_v no_o man_n that_o be_v absolute_o wise_a those_o who_o have_v the_o reputation_n of_o be_v wise_a and_o excellent_a philosopher_n have_v obtain_v that_o pre-eminence_n in_o regard_n they_o be_v less_o ignorant_a than_o other_o science_n differ_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o man_n condition_n and_o profession_n the_o noble_a man_n be_v conversant_a and_o wise_a in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n the_o physician_n in_o the_o precept_n of_o medicine_n and_o the_o advocate_n in_o matter_n of_o law_n and_o right_n but_o all_o these_o science_n nay_o theology_n itself_o can_v subsist_v without_o philosophy_n especial_o without_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o we_o call_v physic_n or_o natural_a science_n the_o first_o part_n of_o physic_n wherein_o be_v treat_v of_o the_o cause_n and_o principle_n of_o nature_n by_o nature_n be_v understand_v the_o universe_n compose_v of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o all_o that_o be_v find_v between_o both_o this_o be_v the_o object_n of_o physic_n this_o every_o natural_a philosopher_n ought_v to_o know_v and_o because_o this_o knowledge_n can_v be_v obtain_v without_o know_v the_o principle_n and_o cause_n of_o thing_n hence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o a_o natural_a philosopher_n ought_v to_o use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o inquire_v into_o the_o principle_n and_o cause_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o all_o thing_n which_o happen_v in_o this_o world._n i_o shall_v not_o examine_v here_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o cause_n and_o a_o principle_n for_o every_o principle_n after_o its_o manner_n i_o conceive_v to_o be_v a_o cause_n of_o that_o thing_n whereof_o it_o be_v the_o principle_n and_o no_o man_n
it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o there_o be_v as_o many_o part_n in_o the_o millet_n seed_n as_o there_o be_v in_o the_o whole_a terrestrial_a globe_n also_o according_a to_o this_o opinion_n we_o must_v grant_v that_o a_o body_n can_v be_v divide_v into_o as_o many_o part_n as_o real_o it_o may_v and_o that_o neither_o the_o hither_o or_o further_a end_n of_o a_o staff_n can_v be_v find_v nor_o that_o there_o be_v a_o circle_n or_o perfect_a pyramid_n nor_o that_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n can_v be_v immediate_o divide_v all_o which_o consequence_n as_o they_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a so_o they_o be_v all_o equal_o absurd_a descartes_n do_v endeavour_v to_o free_v himself_o from_o this_o difficulty_n by_o say_v that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o millet-seed_n be_v neither_o finite_a nor_o infinite_a but_o only_o that_o they_o be_v indefinite_a but_o the_o evasion_n be_v ridiculous_a and_o these_o two_o philosopher_n be_v force_v to_o confess_v that_o every_o part_n of_o the_o millet-seed_n have_v its_o extension_n and_o if_o their_o number_n be_v either_o infinite_a or_o indefinite_a than_o their_o extension_n also_o will_v be_v either_o infinite_a or_o indefinite_a at_o the_o least_o which_o be_v absurd_a to_o affirm_v i_o add_v no_o more_o to_o avoid_v scholastic_a intricacy_n and_o distinction_n chap._n xx._n the_o property_n magnitude_n figure_n weight_n and_o motion_n of_o atom_n a_o atom_n be_v a_o corporeal_a be_v simple_a invisible_a and_o indivisible_a solidity_n constitute_v its_o essence_n or_o essential_a property_n which_o distinguish_v it_o from_o spirit_n and_o vacuity_n which_o have_v no_o power_n of_o resist_v atom_n do_v necessary_o avoid_v all_o our_o sense_n because_o these_o be_v compose_v of_o many_o distinct_a and_o gross_a part_n who_o object_n ought_v to_o be_v compose_v ere_o it_o can_v be_v perceive_v by_o the_o external_a organ_n which_o nevertheless_o do_v not_o destroy_v the_o truth_n and_o reality_n of_o atom_n because_o small_a corpuscle_n do_v escape_v our_o sense_n as_o we_o observe_v in_o dust_n which_o stick_v to_o our_o clothes_n and_o also_o in_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o a_o ring_n which_o be_v waste_v and_o diminish_v by_o time_n and_o use_n in_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o a_o stone_n which_o be_v make_v hollow_a by_o the_o drop_n of_o water_n which_o fall_n upon_o it_o in_o divers_a occult_a part_n in_o a_o mite_n which_o can_v be_v see_v without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o microscope_n and_o last_o in_o small_a corpuscle_n which_o be_v see_v to_o move_v in_o a_o chamber_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n that_o we_o may_v omit_v many_o other_o which_o be_v small_a which_o without_o doubt_n we_o can_v see_v if_o our_o sight_n be_v sharp_a as_o i_o shall_v mention_v in_o my_o animadversion_n about_o experiment_n of_o miscroscope_n though_o atom_n be_v most_o subtle_a and_o inperceptible_a yet_o they_o have_v their_o particular_a extension_n magnitude_n and_o figure_n from_o whence_o their_o difference_n do_v arise_v for_o the_o figure_n of_o some_o of_o they_o be_v round_o as_o the_o atom_n of_o water_n oil_n and_o quicksilver_n other_o have_v cubicular_a figure_n such_o be_v the_o atom_n of_o sea-water_n and_o other_o be_v pyramidal_a as_o those_o whereof_o nitre_n do_v consist_v there_o be_v some_o which_o have_v sharp_a point_n like_o needle_n needle_n as_o fire_n whence_o we_o be_v to_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v other_o various_o figure_v this_o difference_n be_v necessary_a to_o distinguish_v compound_n and_o as_o these_o atom_n as_o to_o their_o solidity_n or_o invisibility_n and_o indivisibility_n which_o be_v their_o inseparable_a property_n be_v alike_o so_o also_o if_o they_o do_v not_o differ_v in_o their_o figure_n and_o thickness_n all_o body_n will_v be_v of_o the_o same_o likeness_n weight_n be_v the_o principle_n of_o the_o say_v natural_a motion_n insomuch_o as_o it_o do_v resist_v a_o violent_a motion_n that_o i_o mention_v here_o that_o we_o may_v know_v whether_o motion_n of_o atom_n have_v a_o internal_a or_o a_o external_a principle_n or_o whether_o weight_n be_v determine_v only_o to_o one_o motion_n or_o that_o it_o be_v indifferent_o incline_v to_o many_o and_o whether_o the_o motion_n of_o atom_n do_v tend_v to_o some_o centre_n and_o whether_o it_o be_v continuant_fw-la or_o interrupt_v and_o last_o whether_o it_o be_v perpendicular_a or_o horizontal_a parallel_n or_o decline_v right_a or_o parabolical_a or_o circular_a in_o order_n to_o resolve_v well_o this_o difficulty_n i_o suppose_v that_o atom_n may_v be_v consider_v in_o a_o double_a state_n the_o first_o state_n of_o they_o be_v before_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v make_v of_o they_o which_o may_v be_v call_v the_o state_n of_o liberty_n the_o other_o be_v that_o which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o body_n which_o do_v consist_v of_o they_o which_o may_v be_v term_v the_o state_n of_o obligation_n or_o servitude_n if_o atom_n be_v consider_v in_o their_o first_o state_n their_o motion_n be_v perpetual_a so_o that_o a_o atom_n that_o be_v loose_a and_o free_v from_o any_o composition_n be_v essential_o in_o motion_n which_o ought_v not_o in_o the_o least_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o for_o motion_n in_o respect_n of_o a_o free_a atom_n be_v the_o same_o that_o understanding_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o a_o angelâ—_n which_o be_v never_o without_o know_v unless_o his_o intellect_n be_v bind_v and_o cloud_v from_o this_o principle_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o atom_n be_v in_o continual_a motion_n unless_o they_o be_v hinder_v or_o that_o there_o be_v some_o obstruction_n in_o the_o way_n or_o that_o there_o be_v other_o atom_n resist_v and_o repel_v of_o they_o or_o that_o they_o find_v such_o as_o will_v stick_v unto_o they_o or_o that_o they_o insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o atom_n of_o certain_a body_n or_o or_o that_o they_o enter_v into_o some_o composition_n whereby_o their_o motion_n be_v stop_v nevertheless_o atom_n in_o compound_n be_v not_o altogether_o void_a of_o motion_n because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o strait_o embody_a together_o but_o that_o they_o have_v some_o motion_n like_o vibration_n and_o palpitation_n according_a to_o the_o liberty_n which_o be_v grant_v they_o by_o the_o disseminated_a vacuity_n nay_o some_o of_o they_o sometime_o do_v attempt_v their_o escape_n especial_o in_o porous_a body_n which_o therefore_o be_v soon_o corrupt_v and_o perish_v than_o other_o body_n which_o be_v more_o solid_a and_o more_o close_o it_o be_v yet_o more_o evident_a in_o live_a body_n out_o of_o which_o the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o be_v but_o the_o body_n of_o atom_n and_o most_o subtle_a corpuscle_n be_v dissipate_v by_o transpiration_n whence_o aliment_n be_v necessary_o requisite_a for_o to_o supply_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n which_o be_v dissipate_v by_o motion_n and_o agitation_n this_o motion_n of_o atom_n or_o the_o least_o corpuscle_n in_o live_a body_n may_v be_v deserve_o account_v the_o image_n of_o their_o first_o liberty_n and_o though_o they_o do_v but_o seldom_o enjoy_v their_o full_a liberty_n yet_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o raise_v the_o great_a commotion_n in_o order_n to_o be_v free_v and_o to_o gain_v their_o liberty_n this_o be_v the_o origine_fw-la of_o many_o distemper_n as_o in_o acute_a fever_n the_o atom_n or_o corpuscle_n of_o the_o boil_a blood_n or_o obstruct_a choler_n be_v carry_v and_o drive_v into_o the_o brain_n where_o they_o produce_v watchfulness_n delirium_n and_o frenzy_n according_a to_o this_o principle_n that_o which_o we_o say_v before_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o many_o distemper_n do_v arise_v from_o minute_n corpuscle_n and_o emancipate_v atom_n for_o these_o be_v drive_v forward_o by_o other_o atom_n and_o force_v back_o do_v run_v into_o the_o membrane_n periostiam_fw-la meninge_n or_o intestine_n and_o cause_n pain_n which_o they_o call_v the_o colic_n headache_n gout_n and_o rheumatism_n so_o that_o this_o solution_n of_o corpuscle_n and_o emancipation_n of_o atom_n in_o our_o body_n be_v much_o to_o be_v fear_v and_o to_o prevent_v this_o danger_n all_o motion_n of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v too_o violent_a must_v be_v avoid_v for_o these_o be_v the_o external_a cause_n of_o the_o confusion_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o emancipation_n of_o the_o atom_n the_o emancipation_n of_o atom_n and_o also_o of_o the_o small_a corpuscle_n which_o be_v compose_v of_o those_o atom_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v no_o less_o in_o the_o great_a than_o little_a world_n for_o the_o wind_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o emancipate_v atom_n which_o by_o their_o impetuosity_n be_v drive_v backward_o and_o forward_o do_v force_v all_o body_n which_o they_o meet_v with_o in_o their_o way_n it_o be_v these_o atom_n which_o agitate_v the_o air_n and_o the_o sea_n and_o cause_n earthquake_n and_o also_o over-turn_a all_o thing_n which_o resist_v their_o motion_n
as_o the_o air_n in_o the_o vial_n be_v condense_v and_o give_v way_n from_o this_o experiment_n i_o conclude_v two_o thing_n in_o defence_n of_o a_o vacuum_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v that_o the_o air_n be_v before_o rarify_v in_o the_o vial_n and_o that_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v more_o dilate_v but_o this_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o air_n can_v be_v do_v but_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o great_a and_o more_o copious_a vacuum_n the_o other_o be_v that_o the_o water_n can_v not_o ascend_v in_o the_o vial_n unless_o the_o air_n do_v give_v way_n and_o be_v condense_v but_o air_n can_v be_v condense_v unless_o the_o part_n of_o it_o close_o near_o together_o and_o that_o they_o can_v not_o do_v without_o a_o vacuum_n therefore_o we_o must_v conclude_v that_o air_n be_v condense_v by_o the_o help_n of_o vacuum_n which_o be_v partly_o take_v away_o and_o lessen_v as_o well_o in_o quality_n as_o in_o number_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o a_o bushel_n full_a of_o corn_n or_o salt_n when_o it_o be_v move_v by_o which_o motion_n it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a condense_a and_o the_o atom_n of_o fire_n beget_v a_o dilate_v motion_n to_o the_o air_n in_o the_o glass_n but_o cold_a produce_v a_o condense_a motion_n and_o as_o it_o be_v condense_v and_o become_v more_o gross_a the_o airy_a atom_n do_v also_o draw_v the_o water_n as_o it_o be_v with_o small_a hook_n or_o the_o external_a air_n lie_v upon_o the_o water_n make_v it_o ascend_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o vacuum_n which_o give_v place_n or_o at_o least_o do_v not_o resist_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o air._n but_o perhaps_o they_o will_v say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n in_o the_o air_n but_o that_o many_o particle_n of_o subtle_a matter_n do_v go_v out_o from_o the_o vial_n and_o give_v place_n to_o the_o ascend_a water_n but_o this_o answer_n give_v no_o manner_n of_o satisfaction_n because_o there_o be_v no_o body_n to_o force_v this_o subtle_a matter_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o way_n through_o which_o it_o may_v pass_v as_o also_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n assign_v why_o the_o water_n be_v force_v upward_o as_o to_o this_o we_o must_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o small_a empty_a space_n which_o be_v find_v in_o all_o body_n which_o body_n be_v more_o or_o less_o fluid_a or_o solid_a as_o they_o have_v more_o or_o less_o of_o matter_n or_o renitency_n as_o there_o be_v the_o great_a or_o lesser_a number_n of_o those_o vacuum_n whereof_o we_o speak_v disperse_v through_o they_o chap._n xxiii_o of_o a_o congregate_v vacuum_n against_o aristotle_n and_o cartesius_n gassendus_fw-la be_v not_o only_o against_o these_o two_o philosopher_n concern_v a_o disperse_a vacuum_n but_o also_o about_o a_o congregate_v one_o which_o be_v very_o remarkable_a and_o be_v to_o be_v find_v about_o divers_a compound_v body_n aristotle_n who_o fight_v for_o quality_n or_o accident_n distinct_a from_o substance_n reject_v a_o vacuum_n as_o a_o thing_n which_o nature_n can_v no_o way_n endure_v but_o cartesius_n speak_v yet_o more_o hardly_o of_o it_o for_o he_o affirm_v that_o the_o production_n of_o it_o in_o the_o world_n do_v not_o only_o exceed_v the_o power_n of_o second_o cause_n but_o even_o of_o the_o first_o cause_n itself_o aristotle_n endeavour_v to_o prove_v his_o doctrine_n after_o this_o manner_n to_o wit_n that_o in_o his_o opinion_n a_o vacuum_n will_v interrupt_v and_o hinder_v the_o motion_n and_o action_n of_o natural_a cause_n for_o if_o indeed_o light_a and_o heat_n be_v accident_n the_o sun_n can_v not_o produce_v either_o of_o they_o in_o a_o vacuum_n or_o through_o it_o though_o there_o be_v never_o so_o little_a of_o it_o in_o the_o air_n equal_a to_o the_o least_o imaginable_a point_n for_o according_a to_o this_o opinion_n they_o be_v accident_n and_o have_v need_n of_o a_o subject_a which_o a_o vacuum_n do_v not_o afford_v they_o descartes_n build_v upon_o another_o foundation_n for_o he_o acknowledge_v no_o difference_n between_o extension_n and_o matter_n extend_v and_o therefore_o he_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v no_o distance_n between_o two_o wall_n betwixt_o which_o there_o be_v no_o air_n nor_o matter_n but_o that_o they_o will_v fall_v close_o together_o which_o how_o ridiculous_a it_o be_v we_o shall_v see_v by_o what_o follow_v i_o affirm_v therefore_o that_o nature_n do_v not_o abhor_v a_o vacuum_n nor_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o vacuum_n in_o nature_n for_o indeed_o there_o be_v no_o ground_n for_o this_o imaginary_a fear_n and_o the_o experiment_n which_o i_o bring_v will_v most_o solid_o demonstrate_v the_o existence_n of_o a_o vacuum_n this_o experiment_n be_v make_v at_o clermont_n by_o the_o late_a mr._n paschall_n a_o man_n well_o esteem_v by_o all_o that_o know_v he_o he_o take_v a_o glass_n tube_n four_o foot_n long_o divide_v into_o inch_n and_o line_n open_a at_o one_o end_n only_o through_o which_o be_v fill_v with_o quicksilver_n and_o then_o put_v into_o a_o earthen_a vessel_n full_a of_o water_n and_o quicksilver_n immediate_o the_o quicksilver_n that_o be_v in_o the_o tube_n do_v descend_v and_o stick_v at_o the_o height_n of_o twenty_o five_o inch_n and_o five_o line_n and_o a_o half_a and_o remain_v visible_o in_o that_o state_n for_o the_o space_n of_o five_o hour_n this_o experiment_n be_v afterward_o make_v in_o several_a place_n two_o or_o three_o time_n i_o and_o several_a person_n of_o quality_n and_o learning_n be_v present_a and_o indeed_o every_o time_n it_o do_v more_o or_o less_o sink_v down_o according_a to_o the_o highness_n or_o lowness_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o experiment_n be_v make_v without_o any_o visible_a alteration_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o place_n i_o conclude_v that_o the_o space_n which_o remain_v above_o the_o quicksilver_n be_v a_o vacuum_n and_o that_o nothing_o but_o light_n be_v contain_v within_o it_o we_o must_v therefore_o say_v either_o that_o light_n be_v not_o a_o accident_n but_o a_o body_n which_o fill_v the_o space_n or_o else_o that_o this_o space_n be_v a_o vacuum_n and_o that_o light_n be_v in_o it_o without_o its_o subject_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o the_o glass_n be_v porous_a the_o air_n or_o some_o other_o body_n more_o subtle_a may_v enter_v into_o the_o tube_n and_o replenish_v the_o space_n leave_v by_o the_o descend_a quicksilver_n but_o that_o can_v be_v because_o the_o quicksilver_n descend_v on_o a_o sudden_a and_o the_o air_n can_v not_o so_o sudden_o enter_v in_o without_o break_v of_o the_o glass_n but_o if_o it_o do_v enter_v why_o do_v not_o the_o quicksilver_n descend_v to_o the_o very_a bottom_n but_o remain_v suspend_v at_o a_o certain_a height_n from_o this_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o a_o vacuum_n according_a to_o the_o conception_n which_o aristotle_n have_v leave_v we_o of_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a to_o be_v in_o nature_n second_o that_o the_o external_a air_n by_o its_o weight_n press_v upon_o the_o water_n and_o quicksilver_n in_o the_o earthen_a vessel_n for_o otherwise_o all_o the_o quicksilver_n contain_v in_o the_o tube_n will_v fall_v down_o to_o the_o very_a bottom_n three_o that_o the_o same_o air_n have_v a_o great_a pressure_n in_o valley_n than_o in_o mountain_n especial_o upon_o those_o that_o be_v very_o high_a because_o here_o it_o be_v more_o subtle_a and_o rare_a and_o more_o dilate_a by_o disseminated_a vacuum_n whereby_o its_o weight_n be_v lessen_v together_o with_o its_o strength_n and_o resistency_n the_o opinion_n of_o cartesius_n be_v yet_o more_o ridiculous_a who_o affirm_v that_o a_o vacuum_n be_v impossible_a even_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o divine_a power_n which_o opinion_n be_v no_o less_o impious_a than_o it_o be_v rash_a for_o no_o man_n can_v deny_v but_o that_o god_n be_v able_a to_o reduce_v into_o nothing_o the_o air_n that_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o vial_n and_o also_o to_o hinder_v any_o other_o body_n from_o come_v into_o its_o place_n descartes_n say_v that_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v impossible_a and_o that_o if_o this_o air_n be_v annihilate_v the_o side_n of_o the_o viol_n will_v immediate_o touch_v one_o another_o because_o say_v he_o thing_n betwixt_o which_o nothing_o interpose_v do_v touch_v one_o another_o that_o be_v true_a that_o when_o nothing_o be_v there_o nothing_o can_v be_v there_o or_o when_o thing_n come_v together_o to_o be_v join_v but_o we_o suppose_v here_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o vial_n remain_v in_o their_o first_o state_n as_o indeed_o they_o do_v if_o they_o be_v not_o any_o way_n move_v which_o they_o do_v not_o god_n almighty_n hinder_v and_o whosoever_o deny_v that_o god_n almighty_n be_v able_a to_o hinder_v this_o motion_n and_o this_o contiguity_n in_o so_o suppose_v be_v ridiculous_a and_o rash_a prescribe_v limit_n to_o god_n almighty_n power_n there_o be_v
this_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o more_o natural_a reason_n i_o say_v therefore_o and_o suppose_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v immovable_a in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o that_o like_o a_o wheel_n it_o turn_v round_o about_o its_o proper_a centre_n and_o this_o be_v that_o motion_n which_o be_v call_v circum-rotation_a and_o by_o this_o motion_n it_o disperse_v on_o all_o side_n on_o every_o part_n these_o corpuscle_n which_o produce_v light_a and_o heat_n these_o corpuscle_n compose_v that_o great_a vortex_n which_o be_v about_o the_o sun_n and_o which_o with_o it_o be_v carry_v round_o and_o move_v the_o earth_n which_o be_v place_v in_o the_o same_o vortex_n with_o it_o like_v as_o a_o stone_n be_v move_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o rapid_a stream_n and_o this_o same_o vortex_n carry_v other_o planet_n along_o with_o it_o according_o as_o they_o be_v more_o or_o less_o immerge_v in_o it_o according_a to_o this_o explication_n one_o may_v fancy_v the_o sun_n to_o be_v like_o the_o wheel_n of_o a_o clock_n which_o move_v that_o which_o be_v next_o to_o it_o another_o way_n for_o when_o one_o wheel_n be_v move_v towards_o the_o right_n the_o other_o which_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v move_v towards_o the_o left_a so_o whilst_o the_o sun_n by_o its_o circum-rotation_a be_v move_v from_o east_n to_o west_n the_o earth_n must_v likewise_o be_v move_v from_o west_n to_o east_n the_o other_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v that_o which_o be_v call_v annual_a or_o half-year_o and_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o libration_n of_o the_o solar_a body_n and_o of_o the_o vortex_n which_o drive_v the_o earth_n from_o the_o part_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o make_v it_o daily_o go_v a_o degree_n far_o and_o so_o the_o annual_a as_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n each_o day_n decline_v one_o degree_n only_o from_o a_o parallel_n from_o whence_o arise_v the_o vicissitude_n of_o day_n and_o season_n but_o if_o the_o earth_n return_v by_o the_o same_o step_n as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v it_o happen_v because_o the_o sun_n by_o its_o daily_a libration_n drive_v it_o on_o from_o one_o part_n and_o then_o after_o six_o month_n assume_v a_o opposite_a libration_n it_o draw_v it_o back_o for_o three_o month_n and_o for_o the_o other_o three_o month_n which_o make_v up_o six_o it_o drive_v it_o forward_o so_o that_o the_o rotation_n and_o the_o libration_n of_o the_o sun_n make_v a_o double_a or_o a_o triple_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n without_o the_o former_n change_v either_o its_o place_n or_o its_o centre_n all_o that_o we_o have_v hitherto_o say_v according_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o these_o author_n do_v not_o as_o yet_o satisfy_v a_o spirit_n curious_a to_o know_v the_o truth_n so_o here_o be_v other_o difficulty_n remain_v which_o must_v be_v take_v away_o by_o more_o sensible_a and_o more_o natural_a reason_n first_o though_o we_o affirm_v the_o sun_n to_o be_v immovable_a and_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v wheel_v round_o about_o it_o or_o though_o we_o affirm_v the_o contrary_a there_o remain_v nevertheless_o that_o we_o give_v a_o account_n not_o only_o of_o each_o of_o these_o motion_n but_o also_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o other_o planet_n it_o be_v demand_v what_o be_v the_o internal_a or_o external_a cause_n of_o the_o earth_n motion_n if_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o sun_n by_o its_o libration_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o as_o we_o have_v say_v and_o as_o our_o opinion_n be_v it_o remain_v that_o we_o demonstrate_v the_o cause_n whether_o internal_a or_o external_a that_o give_v the_o sun_n this_o motion_n by_o mean_n of_o which_o be_v librate_v from_o one_o side_n for_o six_o month_n it_o be_v also_o librate_v for_o as_o many_o from_o the_o other_o side_n and_o by_o this_o so_o regular_a motion_n it_o sometime_o draw_v the_o earth_n towards_o it_o and_o sometime_o drive_v it_o from_o it_o as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n what_o can_v be_v say_v about_o this_o matter_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o sun_n the_o true_a centre_n and_o heart_n of_o the_o world._n the_o sun_n be_v place_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n be_v like_o the_o heart_n inspire_v life_n into_o all_o thing_n and_o preside_v over_o all_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n whatsoever_o even_o as_o the_o heart_n in_o a_o humane_a body_n be_v the_o principle_n of_o its_o life_n and_o all_o its_o motion_n this_o be_v that_o admirable_a machine_n which_o without_o be_v move_v out_o of_o its_o place_n move_v the_o spirit_n humour_n and_o all_o the_o part_n of_o our_o body_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o immovable_a sun_n by_o his_o double_a motion_n shake_v and_o move_v the_o earth_n as_o well_o as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o planet_n one_o only_a difficulty_n remain_v in_o explain_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o microcosm_n and_o of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o macrocosm_n but_o be_v about_o to_o treat_v elsewhere_o of_o the_o earth_n motion_n we_o will_v here_o only_o speak_v of_o the_o sun_n motion_n which_o i_o call_v a_o wheel_a of_o it_o round_o about_o the_o earth_n and_o afterward_o we_o will_v speak_v of_o its_o libration_n elsewhere_o we_o have_v say_v the_o sun_n to_o be_v not_o only_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o gold_n but_o to_o be_v gold_n indeed_o melt_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n and_o cupellate_v by_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n which_o be_v every_o where_o about_o it_o no_o wonder_n therefore_o that_o it_o be_v wheel_v round_o like_o melt_a gold_n in_o a_o crusible_a and_o there_o sparkle_a and_o purify_v that_o this_o hypothesis_n which_o will_v bring_v no_o little_a light_n to_o many_o thing_n may_v be_v better_o comprehend_v i_o will_v bring_v a_o experiment_n to_o confirm_v this_o doctrine_n which_o seem_v new_a indeed_o but_o nevertheless_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v to_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o foundation_n of_o indubitable_a experience_n i_o say_v therefore_o that_o if_o you_o take_v gold_n and_o put_v it_o into_o a_o great_a crusible_a with_o lead_n copper_n or_o other_o metal_n and_o make_v a_o fire_n every_o where_o round_o it_o these_o metal_n will_v be_v melt_v together_o and_o compose_v a_o sparkle_a smoke_a bath_n this_o bath_n or_o melt_v matter_n be_v in_o perpetual_a motion_n and_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o matter_n be_v make_v hot_a it_o wheel_v round_o its_o centre_n without_o intermission_n it_o will_v be_v much_o more_o conspicuous_a if_o this_o melt_a matter_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n be_v equal_o distant_a from_o all_o the_o point_n of_o its_o circumference_n for_o this_o be_v suppose_v no_o man_n will_v deny_v this_o melt_a matter_n fix_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n and_o fire_n be_v put_v to_o it_o every_o where_o and_o on_o all_o side_n to_o remain_v in_o fashion_n as_o in_o a_o crusible_a and_o to_o have_v the_o same_o motion_n of_o circum-rotation_a and_o libration_n which_o we_o attribute_v to_o the_o sun._n all_o the_o obstacle_n we_o meet_v with_o at_o first_o sight_n consist_v in_o this_o to_o wit_n how_o this_o solar_n melt_v matter_n can_v remain_v suspend_v not_o fall_v down_o on_o any_o part_n second_o by_o mean_n of_o what_o fire_n it_o remain_v always_o melt_v three_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o since_o gold_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v cupellate_v or_o refine_v remain_v in_o the_o crusible_a in_o a_o fix_a mass_n yet_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v like_a to_o this_o gold_n be_v neither_o fix_v nor_o stand_v it_o still_o immediate_o but_o be_v wheel_v perpetual_o round_o its_o centre_n it_o continue_v in_o motion_n and_o be_v librate_v in_o the_o cupel_n without_o any_o intermission_n to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o difficulty_n i_o answer_v that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o stand_v upon_o it_o because_o they_o who_o place_n the_o earth_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n do_v teach_v we_o that_o if_o a_o great_a hole_n be_v make_v through_o the_o earth_n even_o as_o far_o as_o our_o antipode_n and_o if_o a_o millstone_n be_v throw_v into_o it_o it_o will_v stop_v in_o the_o middle_n which_o be_v affirm_v to_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n and_o there_o remain_v suspend_v for_o to_o move_v forward_o either_o way_n will_v be_v to_o ascend_v the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v say_v likewife_n of_o water_n or_o other_o liquid_n which_o will_v remain_v suspend_v if_o therefore_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n why_o shall_v it_o seem_v a_o wonder_n that_o it_o shall_v remain_v there_o so_o suspend_v since_o that_o may_v serve_v he_o instead_o of_o a_o cupel_n as_o to_o the_o other_o difficulty_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o fire_n i_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v no_o want_n of_o that_o because_o
and_o the_o three_o other_o much_o great_a although_o according_a to_o their_o opinion_n the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v three_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o mile_n but_o its_o circumference_n seven_o thousand_o mile_n include_v the_o water_n which_o together_o with_o the_o earth_n make_v up_o one_o globe_n comet_n according_a to_o aristotle_n be_v planet_n or_o star_n produce_v de_fw-fr novo_fw-la from_o exhalation_n by_o which_o say_v this_o philosopher_n be_v compel_v to_o place_v all_o comet_n under_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o error_n by_o the_o experience_n of_o a_o great_a many_o comet_n which_o have_v appear_v above_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o sun_n too_o whither_o exhalation_n from_o the_o earth_n can_v never_o reach_v all_o the_o time_n of_o their_o continuance_n they_o have_v a_o regular_a motion_n for_o the_o explication_n of_o which_o aristotle_n can_v never_o assign_v they_o a_o intelligence_n to_o guide_v they_o seneca_n the_o ancient_n and_o copernicus_n teach_v that_o comet_n have_v be_v produce_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o we_o do_v not_o see_v they_o so_o often_o as_o we_o do_v the_o planet_n be_v because_o they_o be_v elevate_v too_o high_a above_o we_o and_o since_o they_o have_v a_o eccentric_a motion_n according_a to_o this_o opinion_n they_o sometime_o and_o for_o some_o continnuance_n of_o time_n appear_v that_o be_v to_o say_v then_o when_o they_o descend_v into_o the_o heaven_n of_o the_o planet_n but_o all_o these_o opinion_n be_v very_o uncertain_a this_o be_v my_o opinion_n that_o if_o the_o sun_n be_v gold_n melt_v in_o the_o cupel_n as_o i_o real_o believe_v and_o that_o from_o thence_o fume_n and_o vapour_n arise_v it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o conceive_v that_o in_o the_o solar_a vortex_n and_o in_o the_o corpuscle_n exhale_v from_o the_o sun_n a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v very_o gross_a thick_a and_o inflammable_a which_o take_v fire_n make_v these_o comet_n we_o speak_v of_o who_o motion_n be_v regular_o direct_v by_o the_o vortex_n of_o the_o sun_n yet_o nevertheless_o this_o do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o some_o comet_n may_v be_v generate_v near_o we_o from_o terrestrial_a exhalation_n the_o fix_a star_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o firmament_n as_o so_o many_o little_a sun_n they_o be_v as_o immovable_a as_o the_o heaven_n in_o which_o they_o be_v include_v nevertheless_o like_o the_o sun_n they_o move_v about_o their_o centre_n although_o this_o motion_n be_v neither_o useful_a profitable_a nor_o necessary_a and_o so_o nothing_o compel_v we_o to_o say_v that_o they_o be_v actual_o move_v they_o be_v all_o say_v to_o be_v big_a than_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o be_v in_o number_n 1022_o the_o heaven_n in_o which_o they_o be_v be_v say_v to_o be_v solid_a clear_a and_o transparent_a like_o ice_n and_o this_o be_v that_o heaven_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o water_n and_o which_o any_o one_o may_v represent_v to_o himself_o like_o a_o great_a circle_n of_o water_n congeal_v in_o the_o form_n of_o crystal_n but_o according_a to_o my_o forego_n hypotehsis_n i_o have_v rather_o say_v that_o the_o fix_a star_n be_v like_o so_o many_o round_a hole_n or_o ring_n furnish_v with_o so_o many_o large_a diamond_n or_o carbuncle_n which_o serve_v as_o a_o medium_fw-la or_o vehicle_n to_o the_o light_n and_o heat_n of_o the_o empyrial_a heaven_n as_o we_o have_v say_v already_o chap._n xii_o of_o meteor_n in_o the_o air._n aristotle_n have_v constitute_v two_o sort_n of_o body_n to_o wit_n simple_a and_o mix_v he_o place_v meteor_n under_o these_o latter_a but_o he_o call_v they_o imperfect_a mix_a body_n because_o he_o do_v believe_v they_o not_o to_o have_v a_o substantial_a form_n as_o perfect_a body_n have_v nor_o to_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o generation_n this_o doctrine_n be_v contrary_a to_o our_o principle_n for_o we_o say_v that_o those_o meteor_n which_o we_o see_v in_o the_o air_n be_v in_o their_o kind_n and_o condition_n perfect_a body_n not_o differ_v from_o other_o neither_o in_o respect_n of_o matter_n which_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o to_o they_o all_o nor_o in_o respect_n of_o substantial_a form_n produce_v in_o the_o formation_n of_o they_o for_o we_o acknowledge_v no_o such_o form_n but_o as_o unprofitable_a and_o chimerical_a all_o the_o difference_n which_o we_o take_v notice_n of_o betwixt_o they_o aught_o to_o be_v take_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o formation_n and_o different_a condition_n under_o which_o one_o and_o the_o same_o matter_n that_o be_v to_o say_v atom_n do_v meet_v together_o by_o a_o disposition_n of_o their_o part_n by_o a_o addition_n of_o strange_a body_n by_o a_o introduction_n of_o vacuity_n and_o by_o a_o conversion_n of_o their_o figure_n after_o this_o manner_n be_v form_v cloud_n which_o be_v the_o meteor_n of_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air_n and_o which_o have_v water_n air_n and_o earth_n for_o their_o matter_n for_o from_o the_o vapour_n of_o water_n and_o the_o subtle_a particle_n of_o earth_n together_o with_o the_o air_n with_o which_o they_o be_v carry_v up_o cloud_n be_v form_v which_o be_v sometime_o so_o thick_a that_o they_o rob_v we_o of_o the_o sun_n light_n which_o happen_v when_o more_o of_o earth_n than_o of_o air_n or_o water_n go_v into_o their_o composition_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n sometime_o they_o be_v so_o subtle_a that_o they_o can_v hardly_o or_o not_o at_o all_o be_v see_v by_o we_o which_o happen_v when_o air_n obtain_v the_o chief_a place_n in_o their_o composition_n for_o in_o a_o word_n cloud_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o congregation_n and_o mixture_n of_o corpuscle_n or_o little_a body_n of_o earth_n water_n and_o air_n which_o be_v the_o proximate_a matter_n of_o they_o the_o vortex_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o wind_n be_v the_o three_o concur_v cause_n of_o their_o mixtion_n and_o elevation_n into_o the_o upper_a region_n of_o the_o air._n other_o sort_n of_o meteor_n be_v rains_n descend_v from_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air_n and_o generate_v from_o the_o solution_n of_o cloud_n that_o be_v to_o say_v when_o water_n which_o have_v the_o great_a share_n in_o their_o formation_n free_v itself_o from_o the_o particle_n of_o earth_n and_o part_n of_o air_n thence_o forward_o distil_v as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o alembick_a which_o happen_v because_o its_o particle_n be_v incrassated_a by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n the_o water_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o air_n and_o fall_v down_o again_o to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v in_o the_o form_n of_o little_a drop_n from_o this_o rain_n proceed_v the_o earth_n fruitfulness_n for_o it_o never_o descend_v but_o it_o bring_v some_o portion_n of_o the_o little_a seminal_a body_n flow_v along_o with_o it_o in_o rains_n therefore_o be_v contain_v salt_n and_o the_o balsam_n of_o the_o star_n which_o basilius_n valentinus_n speak_v of_o and_o from_o hence_o all_o vegetable_n bud_n and_o increase_v the_o curious_a enquirer_n into_o nature_n may_v try_v whether_o i_o speak_v truth_n or_o no_o and_o whether_o they_o may_v not_o find_v a_o salt_n as_o white_a as_o sugar_n if_o they_o take_v away_o by_o distillation_n the_o unprofitable_a part_n with_o which_o it_o be_v involve_v dew_n be_v almost_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o rain_n only_o it_o be_v more_o pure_a more_o subtle_a and_o more_o fruitful_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n which_o chief_o enjoy_v it_o viz._n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o aequinox_n when_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o earth_n be_v near_o to_o each_o other_o which_o happen_v when_o the_o earth_n pass_v the_o aequator_fw-la wherefore_o at_o that_o time_n it_o receive_v and_o carry_v along_o with_o it_o a_o great_a number_n of_o solar_n corpuscle_n depurate_v by_o his_o motion_n than_o rain_n or_o dew_n itself_o that_o fall_v at_o other_o time_n dew_n fall_v down_o in_o round_a drop_n because_o its_o corpuscle_n be_v round_o and_o its_o atom_n be_v of_o the_o same_o figure_n with_o the_o sun_n whether_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n dew_n penetrate_v the_o earth_n and_o moisten_v those_o place_n where_o there_o be_v seldom_o rains_n but_o the_o sun_n shine_a beam_n present_o carry_v it_o away_o along_o with_o they_o into_o the_o vortex_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n part_n of_o this_o salt_n or_o balsam_n of_o the_o star_n contain_v in_o the_o dew_n remain_v upon_o the_o herb_n and_o flower_n where_o we_o observe_v a_o kind_n of_o viscousness_n like_o sugar_n or_o honey_n thus_o bee_n gather_v this_o dew_n lade_v themselves_o with_o it_o and_o make_v honey_n of_o it_o this_o dew_n in_o the_o hot_a country_n of_o palestine_n egypt_n arabia_n and_o calabria_n be_v condense_v into_o
rendredmore_o fix_v for_o this_o reason_n the_o powder_n of_o projection_n so_o call_v be_v cast_v into_o melt_a metal_n that_o be_v not_o fix_v penetrate_v it_o and_o six_v it_o by_o its_o own_o fixity_n but_o this_o experience_n be_v not_o yet_o find_v but_o be_v still_o to_o be_v find_v out_o so_o that_o no_o experience_n can_v be_v take_v from_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o equal_o as_o certain_a and_o as_o common_a as_o aurum-fulminans_a and_o gunpowder_n which_o if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o powder_n and_o it_o be_v such_o as_o they_o report_v it_o it_o be_v a_o miracle_n both_o of_o art_n and_o nature_n chap._n xvi_o of_o hail_n snow_n frost_n etc._n etc._n hail_o descend_v from_o the_o cloud_n and_o fall_v down_o with_o violence_n be_v compose_v of_o drop_n of_o water_n harden_v by_o cold_a and_o it_o fall_v down_o with_o violence_n because_o it_o be_v expel_v the_o cloud_n by_o a_o strong_a expression_n almost_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o your_o small_a shot_n be_v discharge_v out_o of_o a_o musket_n snow_n be_v water_n congeal_v in_o the_o form_n of_o froth_n the_o slake_v of_o it_o in_o its_o fall_n be_v puff_v up_o and_o fill_v with_o air_n which_o make_v it_o very_o porous_a and_o light_a it_o contain_v also_o many_o terrestrial_a particle_n as_o appear_v in_o dissolve_v it_o it_o be_v white_a but_o may_v be_v make_v black_a by_o a_o sole_a inversion_n of_o its_o atom_n there_o be_v also_o in_o it_o many_o fiery_a particle_n which_o warm_a the_o hand_n of_o those_o that_o long_o handle_v it_o there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o hail_n also_o which_o fall_v in_o the_o spring_n time_n it_o be_v like_o your_o small_a shot_n or_o your_o seed_n of_o coriander_n this_o only_o differ_v from_o snow_n in_o the_o purity_n of_o its_o part_n or_o in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o have_v more_o vacuity_n in_o it_o than_o there_o be_v in_o snow_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a snow_n have_v more_o of_o air_n and_o fire_n in_o it_o than_o this_o kind_n of_o hail_n but_o both_o of_o they_o be_v by_o the_o help_n of_o heat_n disolve_v their_o part_n reduce_v into_o water_n hoary_a frost_n be_v air_n incrassated_a by_o cold_a and_o congeal_v upon_o the_o bough_n of_o tree_n upon_o the_o hair_n of_o traveller_n and_o upon_o the_o herb_n of_o the_o field_n and_o it_o be_v call_v white_a ice_n in_o this_o crystalline_a whiteness_n a_o bloody_a redness_n be_v include_v which_o may_v be_v extract_v out_o of_o this_o hoary_a frost_n and_o which_o if_o it_o be_v well_o prepare_v conduce_v very_o much_o to_o health_n chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o rainbow_n halo_n and_o pareliae_fw-la the_o rainbow_n be_v the_o most_o beautiful_a of_o all_o meteor_n and_o the_o miracle_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v see_v when_o the_o sun_n either_o rise_v or_o set_v dart_n his_o ray_n upon_o a_o cloud_n full_a of_o little_a globular_a suspend_v drop_n of_o water_n which_o by_o diverse_o break_v and_o reflect_v the_o light_n produce_v that_o diversity_n of_o colour_n which_o we_o observe_v in_o it_o which_o cease_v either_o by_o a_o different_a position_n of_o the_o cloud_n or_o by_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o sun._n this_o meteor_n appear_v like_o a_o beautiful_a arch_n adorn_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o colour_n which_o happen_v for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o sun_n look_v only_o upon_o its_o superficies_n and_o then_o when_o it_o be_v rise_v or_o set_v and_o the_o cloud_n be_v either_o in_o the_o north_n or_o in_o the_o south_n some_o will_v have_v these_o colour_n of_o the_o rainbow_n to_o be_v only_a appearance_n and_o by_o no_o mean_n real_a but_o this_o be_v a_o error_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o these_o may_v be_v equal_o as_o real_a as_o all_o other_o though_o they_o be_v not_o so_o lasting_a a_o halo_n be_v the_o appearance_n of_o a_o circle_n about_o the_o moon_n which_o arise_v from_o a_o gross_a and_o thick_a cloud_n upon_o which_o the_o lunar_a ray_n fall_v direct_o so_o that_o its_o middle_n be_v make_v pervious_a to_o they_o and_o break_v through_o by_o they_o though_o the_o circumference_n be_v not_o which_o be_v therefore_o the_o appear_a circle_n and_o which_o be_v not_o as_o it_o be_v vulgar_o imagine_v nigh_o to_o the_o moon_n but_o it_o be_v in_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n and_o far_o remote_a from_o the_o moon_n parheliae_fw-la be_v counterfeit_a sun_n form_v in_o the_o cloud_n either_o by_o the_o reflection_n or_o refraction_n of_o his_o beam_n just_a as_o we_o see_v they_o in_o water_n where_o sometime_o many_o sun_n be_v see_v though_o there_o be_v never_o more_o than_o one_o we_o may_v say_v likewise_o that_o the_o cloud_n in_o respect_n of_o we_o be_v like_o those_o prospective_n looking-glass_n which_o represent_v many_o image_n of_o one_o thing_n place_v upon_o a_o table_n which_o one_o thing_n be_v only_o real_a and_o all_o the_o rest_n imaginary_a yet_o this_o do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o these_o parheliae_n may_v be_v true_a light_n and_o sun_n paint_v without_o artifice_n chap._n xviii_o of_o air_n its_o substance_n and_o quality_n air_n be_v that_o element_n out_o of_o which_o the_o meteor_n be_v form_v which_o we_o speak_v of_o its_o substance_n be_v most_o subtle_a and_o most_o fluid_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o vacuity_n disperse_v through_o it_o it_o be_v nevertheless_o thick_a and_o heavy_a in_o the_o low_a region_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o mixture_n of_o corpuscle_n come_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n some_o think_v it_o only_o a_o mixture_n of_o the_o little_a body_n or_o particle_n of_o earth_n and_o water_n whereupon_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o air_n we_o breathe_v in_o depend_v upon_o the_o climate_n which_o we_o inhabit_v so_o that_o air_n be_v not_o every_o where_o alike_o wholesome_a but_o very_o unwholesome_a in_o moorish_a and_o fenny_a ground_n from_o whence_o ordinary_o gross_a and_o malignant_a vapour_n thick_a and_o putrid_a cloud_n arise_v which_o we_o take_v in_o when_o we_o draw_v our_o breath_n the_o very_a same_o air_n we_o breathe_v in_o and_o which_o when_o we_o take_v our_o breath_n preserve_v our_o life_n by_o its_o wholesome_a gale_n be_v able_a to_o bring_v death_n to_o we_o when_o it_o come_v lade_v with_o sharp_a particle_n which_o in_o their_o passage_n vellicate_a the_o lung_n and_o cause_n most_o vehement_a coughing_n oftentimes_o also_o emancipate_v point_a and_o penetrate_a atom_n flow_v in_o the_o air_n which_o enter_v in_o at_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n disturb_v its_o whole_a oeconomy_n or_o frame_n other_o ascend_v by_o the_o nostril_n to_o the_o brain_n stick_v to_o its_o membrane_n and_o produce_v pain_n and_o convulsion_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o violent_a headache_n vertigo_n and_o apoplexy_n and_o there_o be_v some_o also_o which_o penetrate_v the_o organ_n of_o hear_v cause_n hum_n and_o noise_n there_o which_o continue_v for_o some_o time_n because_o their_o particle_n be_v of_o a_o figure_n fit_a for_o adhesion_n the_o air_n most_o malignant_a and_o most_o to_o be_v fear_v be_v that_o which_o be_v pestilent_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o atom_n which_o come_v out_o from_o putrid_a and_o corrupt_a body_n as_o we_o have_v say_v elsewhere_o the_o fluidness_n of_o the_o air_n do_v not_o arise_v from_o its_o not_o be_v compound_v of_o solid_a and_o material_a atom_n but_o from_o its_o be_v rare_a or_o loose_v and_o it_o be_v rare_a because_o its_o part_n be_v far_o distant_a from_o one_o another_o this_o distance_n necessary_o be_v space_n this_o space_n be_v again_o either_o full_a or_o empty_a if_o empty_a we_o have_v right_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v desseminate_a vacuity_n if_o full_a it_o must_v be_v material_a let_v there_o be_v therefore_o material_a atom_n all_o which_o mutual_o touch_v one_o another_o and_o all_o thing_n will_v be_v solid_a and_o there_o will_v be_v nothing_o fluid_a in_o all_o nature_n unless_o we_o acknowledge_v disperse_v vacuity_n from_o whence_o the_o rareness_n and_o fluidness_n of_o body_n arise_v as_o shall_v be_v more_o full_o discourse_v of_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o part_n of_o physic_n the_o three_o part_n of_o physic_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v under_o a_o man_n viz._n of_o earth_n and_o thing_n terrestrial_a which_o be_v call_v inanimate_a have_v discourse_v of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v and_o happen_v above_o we_o it_o be_v time_n now_o that_o we_o speak_v of_o those_o thing_n also_o which_o be_v under_o or_o beneath_o we_o as_o also_o of_o all_o thing_n worth_a take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n which_o constitute_v one_o globe_n which_o we_o call_v terrestrial_a but_o in_o this_o part_n we_o will_v consider_v terrestrial_a thing_n only_o as_o they_o be_v inanimate_a according_a to_o the_o common_a opinion_n chap._n i._o of_o earth_n and_o water_n
and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o twenty_o four_o letter_n serve_v to_o the_o composition_n of_o all_o syllable_n word_n say_n discourse_n nay_o of_o all_o the_o book_n which_o be_v compose_v in_o the_o world._n and_o even_o as_o word_n say_n syllable_n discourse_n and_o book_n themselves_o be_v change_v the_o letter_n be_v still_o the_o same_o unvaried_a so_o also_o the_o great_a and_o lesser_a compound_n body_n be_v change_v and_o corrupt_v the_o atom_n be_v unchanged_a and_o remain_v the_o same_o nothing_o new_a happen_v to_o they_o unless_o it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v no_o more_o the_o part_n of_o one_o compound_n but_o may_v be_v of_o a_o second_o three_o and_o other_o successive_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world._n when_o all_o generation_n corruption_n and_o motion_n in_o thing_n of_o nature_n shall_v cease_v letter_n be_v the_o true_a image_n of_o atom_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o compositon_n or_o division_n of_o thing_n and_o as_o the_o substance_n essence_n and_o quality_n of_o word_n depend_v upon_o syllable_n and_o syllable_n upon_o letter_n and_o their_o disposition_n so_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o substance_n essence_n and_o quality_n of_o body_n arise_v from_o corpuscle_n or_o small_a body_n and_o the_o diversity_n of_o these_o from_o atom_n and_o their_o various_a disposition_n from_o these_o principle_n may_v be_v take_v away_o a_o question_n no_o less_o agitate_a than_o unprofitable_a in_o the_o school_n viz._n whether_o in_o the_o corruption_n of_o body_n a_o reduction_n or_o resolution_n of_o the_o compound_n may_v be_v make_v even_o unto_o the_o very_a first_o matter_n to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o this_o reduction_n be_v continual_o make_v in_o respect_n of_o some_o emancipate_v atom_n but_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o all_o atom_n for_o the_o division_n be_v not_o always_o so_o general_a as_o that_o all_o the_o atom_n shall_v be_v entire_o separate_v and_o the_o small_a number_n of_o those_o which_o fly_v away_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o beside_o that_o they_o almost_o all_o mutual_o adhere_v together_o or_o it_o be_v seldom_o but_o they_o meet_v with_o other_o to_o which_o they_o remain_v affix_v or_o with_o body_n into_o which_o they_o enter_v or_o on_o which_o they_o be_v stay_v chap._n iu._n of_o the_o special_a quality_n depend_v upon_o the_o composition_n of_o body_n our_o doctrine_n rest_v upon_o two_o general_a principle_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o doctrine_n of_o atom_n and_o of_o a_o vacuum_n atom_n be_v the_o first_o element_n of_o body_n because_o forsooth_o in_o their_o universal_a and_o radical_a division_n and_o solution_n they_o be_v reduce_v into_o they_o and_o the_o division_n can_v proceed_v no_o far_o and_o a_o vacuum_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o explain_v the_o motion_n of_o body_n and_o to_o the_o give_v a_o reason_n of_o the_o diverse_a and_o particular_a quality_n of_o every_o one_o compound_v body_n for_o there_o be_v body_n thin_a and_o thick_a transparent_a and_o diaphanous_a as_o air_n and_o glass_n thick_a and_o dark_a as_o the_o earth_n and_o last_o dry_a and_o moist_a hard_a and_o soft_a solid_a and_o fluid_a we_o will_v begin_v with_o thickness_n and_o thinness_n the_o parent_n of_o so_o great_a difficulty_n to_o the_o follower_n of_o cartesius_n and_o aristotle_n and_o i_o determine_v one_o body_n to_o be_v more_o thin_a than_o another_o when_o it_o be_v endow_v either_o with_o great_a vacuity_n or_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o so_o air_n be_v thin_a than_o water_n and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n water_n be_v thick_a than_o air_n because_o air_n have_v more_o and_o great_a vacuity_n than_o water_n and_o this_o be_v thick_a than_o air_n because_o this_o have_v few_o and_o lesser_a they_o that_o reject_v a_o vacuum_n and_o set_v up_o a_o plenitude_n find_v themselves_o very_o much_o intricate_v when_o they_o be_v compel_v to_o say_v wherein_o the_o thinness_n and_o thickness_n of_o body_n consist_v for_o if_o they_o say_v that_o either_o of_o they_o be_v a_o quality_n or_o accidental_a form_n bring_v out_o of_o matter_n in_o power_n or_o out_o of_o the_o power_n of_o matter_n they_o conceive_v not_o what_o they_o say_v nor_o can_v they_o assign_v the_o nature_n of_o these_o imaginary_a form_n but_o if_o with_o cartesius_n they_o say_v that_o there_o be_v much_o more_o of_o the_o materia_fw-la subtilis_fw-la or_o subtle_a matter_n in_o thin_a body_n than_o there_o be_v in_o thick_a and_o condense_a body_n i_o will_v ask_v they_o why_o this_o matter_n be_v more_o subtle_a and_o delicate_a than_o all_o other_o matter_n for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o matter_n be_v equal_o gross_a and_o solid_a but_o then_o they_o will_v say_v that_o this_o matter_n be_v high_o rarify_v yet_o nevertheless_o the_o same_o difficulty_n remain_v still_o viz_o how_o it_o come_v to_o be_v more_o rarify_v they_o will_v say_v that_o it_o arise_v from_o this_o that_o its_o part_n be_v not_o so_o much_o compress_v therefore_o they_o will_v be_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o one_o another_o for_o that_o cause_n there_o be_v vacuity_n and_o interval_n for_o unless_o they_o be_v grant_v the_o part_n be_v alike_o compress_v in_o that_o as_o well_o as_o in_o condense_a matter_n if_o they_o be_v alike_o compress_v than_o they_o be_v not_o more_o remote_a from_o one_o another_o and_o last_o if_o they_o be_v not_o more_o remote_a from_o one_o another_o they_o be_v no_o more_o rarify_v and_o so_o this_o subtle_a matter_n will_v be_v no_o less_o gross_a than_o any_o other_o we_o therefore_o explain_v the_o thickness_n and_o thinness_n of_o body_n in_o a_o more_o easy_a method_n than_o these_o philosopher_n and_o the_o reason_n which_o we_o give_v of_o they_o be_v more_o clear_a and_o more_o natural_a than_o they_o it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n concern_v clear_a bright_a and_o dark_a body_n and_o we_o say_v a_o body_n be_v more_o or_o less_o pellucid_a or_o transparent_a as_o it_o possess_v a_o great_a or_o lesser_a number_n of_o vacuity_n or_o as_o they_o be_v place_v in_o a_o right_n or_o oblique_a line_n so_o air_n for_o example_n be_v pellucid_a at_o a_o certain_a distance_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o its_o great_a vacuity_n and_o glass_n be_v transparent_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o vacuity_n disperse_v through_o it_o which_o be_v place_v in_o a_o right_a line_n and_o be_v very_o long_o as_o they_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o new_a microscope_n the_o moisture_n and_o dryness_n of_o body_n arise_v from_o a_o mixtion_n of_o atom_n or_o particle_n either_o of_o air_n or_o water_n predominate_v for_o if_o the_o aqueous_a particle_n predominate_v the_o composition_n be_v moist_a if_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o earth_n be_v more_o eminent_a it_o will_v be_v dry_a and_o it_o may_v be_v just_o say_v that_o moisture_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o moist_a body_n which_o be_v air_n and_o water_n as_o they_o insinuate_v themselves_o into_o compound_n which_o be_v therefore_o moist_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o presence_n and_o dry_a when_o they_o be_v evaporate_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o wood_n which_o have_v a_o long_a time_n lie_v in_o the_o water_n and_o become_v dry_a by_o the_o evaporation_n of_o that_o water_n which_o it_o be_v full_a of_o a_o linen_n cloth_n dip_v in_o water_n and_o take_v out_o from_o thence_o be_v more_o heavy_a because_o its_o pore_n be_v fill_v with_o water_n and_o it_o remain_v moist_a and_o equal_o heavy_a until_o the_o corpuscle_n of_o water_n be_v exhale_v and_o evaporate_v which_o suffice_v to_o make_v it_o afterward_o dry_a and_o light_a without_o the_o addition_n of_o two_o physical_a accident_n distinct_a from_o matter_n water_n therefore_o to_o speak_v proper_o be_v not_o moist_a but_o the_o moisture_n itself_o that_o moisten_v all_o thing_n from_o the_o same_o fountain_n the_o hardness_n and_o softness_n of_o body_n arise_v for_o a_o body_n be_v soft_a when_o it_o yield_v to_o the_o hand_n that_o touch_v and_o the_o less_o it_o resist_v the_o soft_a it_o be_v but_o if_o it_o have_v no_o sensible_a resistance_n it_o be_v fluid_a like_o air_n but_o if_o it_o have_v a_o little_a more_o than_o that_o than_o it_o be_v liquid_a as_o water_n in_o which_o if_o with_o your_o hand_n you_o thrust_v a_o stick_n it_o enter_v and_o go_v even_o to_o the_o bottom_n it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o a_o soft_a body_n as_o wax_n and_o flesh_n into_o which_o indeed_o one_o may_v thrust_v one_o finger_n but_o it_o find_v some_o kind_n of_o resistance_n and_o there_o be_v always_o find_v some_o compress_a particle_n that_o strong_o resist_v all_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o little_a body_n atom_n and_o disperse_v vacuity_n for_o a_o atom_n be_v in_o its_o own_o
sea_n that_o offer_v itself_o of_o note_n be_v the_o saltness_n of_o its_o water_n original_o produce_v from_o saline_a massy_a body_n produce_v at_o the_o begin_n in_o the_o earth_n and_o melt_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o water_n which_o from_o thence_o as_o now_o they_o be_v be_v impregnate_v with_o saltness_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v to_o thâ—â—_n saltness_n consume_v its_o humidity_n and_o phlegm_n as_o do_v also_o the_o salt_n which_o river_n and_o flood_n wash_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n in_o their_o passage_n thither_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o may_v be_v true_o say_v that_o all_o the_o salt_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o earth_n be_v carry_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o help_n of_o river_n and_o water_n derive_v from_o they_o and_o run_v through_o the_o earth_n whilst_o they_o be_v filter_v to_o constitute_v fountain_n of_o fresh_a water_n now_o if_o we_o can_v filter_n sea-water_n after_o this_o manner_n there_o will_v never_o be_v any_o scarcity_n of_o freshwater_n in_o ship_n and_o long_a voyage_n another_o thing_n that_o i_o observe_v in_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o its_o water_n in_o some_o place_n so_o very_o remarkable_a and_o regular_a in_o their_o turn_n every_o six_o hour_n there_o be_v some_o who_o have_v think_v that_o river_n enter_v into_o the_o sea_n on_o one_o part_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o flow_n but_o fall_v into_o it_o from_o another_o part_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o ebb_a other_o have_v attribute_v this_o effect_n to_o wind_n but_o the_o great_a part_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o to_o the_o condensation_n and_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o lunar_a air._n this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o antonius_n à _fw-fr reita_n extant_a in_o his_o book_n entitle_v oculus_fw-la enoch_n &_o eliae_n where_o he_o suppose_v that_o rarify_v air_n press_v the_o sea_n and_o lift_v it_o up_o on_o both_o side_n like_o mountain_n from_o whence_o there_o arise_v its_o flow_v which_o air_n be_v afterward_o condense_v the_o sea_n begin_v to_o subside_n and_o the_o water_n to_o return_v to_o their_o first_o state_n that_o be_v they_o ebb._n he_o endeavour_v to_o build_v this_o opinion_n by_o this_o argument_n to_o wit_n that_o this_o motion_n be_v most_o observable_a at_o the_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n at_o which_o time_n the_o air_n be_v very_o much_o rarify_v and_o at_o the_o new_a of_o the_o moon_n when_o it_o be_v very_o much_o condense_v for_o my_o part_n i_o will_v rather_o say_v that_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n arise_v from_o the_o earth_n motion_n from_o one_o tropic_a to_o the_o other_o for_o it_o can_v possible_o in_o its_o diurnal_a motion_n move_v a_o degree_n forward_o daily_a as_o it_o do_v without_o drive_v the_o water_n from_o one_o part_n and_o attract_v they_o from_o the_o other_o according_a to_o this_o opinion_n a_o reason_n may_v be_v give_v why_o its_o ebb_a and_o flow_v be_v only_o from_o south_n to_o north_n and_o from_o north_n to_o south_n and_o that_o they_o be_v lesser_a between_o the_o tropic_n beside_o there_o be_v nothing_o contain_v in_o this_o opinion_n which_o be_v not_o very_o probable_a but_o if_o there_o be_v some_o irregularity_n observe_v in_o ebb_v and_o flow_v they_o arise_v from_o island_n rock_n straits_n or_o promo_fw-la 〈…〉_z tories_n which_o very_o much_o hasten_v retard_v or_o lessen_v this_o motion_n and_o partly_o upon_o this_o account_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n there_o be_v no_o notable_a ebb_a and_o flow_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n beside_o it_o be_v seat_v between_o the_o two_o tropic_n and_o be_v neither_o too_o much_o northerly_a nor_o too_o much_o southerly_a chap._n xvii_o of_o spring_n and_o rivers_n there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o spring_n viz._n those_o that_o sometime_o run_v and_o those_o that_o run_v always_o the_o first_o proceed_v from_o rains_n but_o these_o arise_v from_o the_o sea_n but_o to_o speak_v proper_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o source_n of_o all_o spring_n and_o fountain_n for_o rains_n arise_v from_o vapour_n raise_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o then_o fall_v down_o by_o drop_n out_o of_o which_o arise_v the_o first_o sort_n of_o spring_n which_o be_v not_o perpetual_a but_o perpetual_a spring_n be_v derive_v from_o it_o more_o immediate_o by_o the_o help_n of_o some_o subterraneous_a watery_a storehouse_n which_o be_v fill_v by_o aqueduct_n proceed_v from_o the_o sea._n it_o be_v common_o ask_v why_o sea-water_n be_v salt_n and_o yet_o spring-water_n which_o come_v from_o it_o be_v sweet_a to_o which_o difficulty_n it_o be_v answer_v the_o aqueduct_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n run_v through_o subterraneous_a sand_n by_o which_o the_o water_n in_o its_o passage_n 〈◊〉_d filter_v and_o deposit_o its_o salt_n or_o else_o the_o salt_n be_v precipitate_v and_o fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o these_o subterraneous_a watery_a storehouse_n as_o we_o see_v in_o salt-pit_n or_o after_o the_o mix_n of_o oil_n of_o tartar_n and_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n or_o that_o the_o atom_n pass_v through_o imperceptible_a aqueduct_n through_o which_o the_o saline_a atom_n can_v pass_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o square_a figure_n so_o water_n be_v make_v fresh_a by_o the_o help_n of_o strain_v or_o last_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o distillation_n so_o water_n be_v raise_v up_o in_o vapour_n and_o then_o condense_v distil_v into_o other_o receptacle_n which_o receive_v it_o and_o send_v it_o to_o other_o till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o spring_n break_v out_o it_o seem_v a_o wonder_n that_o spring_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o ascend_v to_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n to_o which_o difficulty_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v equal_o as_o high_a as_o the_o high_a mountain_n because_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n make_v but_o one_o globe_n and_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v appear_v to_o we_o to_o be_v high_a and_o lofty_a only_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o plain_n and_o valley_n in_o which_o we_o be_v place_v and_o from_o whence_o we_o look_v upon_o they_o but_o the_o sea_n be_v high_a than_o the_o plain_n and_o valley_n if_o you_o conceive_v it_o all_o universal_o because_o it_o make_v a_o perfect_a circle_n and_o if_o a_o line_n shall_v be_v draw_v encompass_v the_o whole_a terraqueous_a globe_n it_o will_v be_v find_v a_o perfect_a circle_n without_o any_o irregularity_n from_o this_o suppose_a principle_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o sea-water_n do_v not_o ascend_v that_o it_o may_v find_v a_o exit_z out_o of_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n but_o that_o go_v out_o of_o they_o it_o descend_v and_o produces_z river_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o plain_n and_o bottom_n of_o valley_n and_o this_o they_o ought_v to_o mind_n who_o have_v say_v that_o water_n ascend_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n to_o our_o mountain_n three_o way_n by_o which_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v raise_v to_o wit_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o pump_n pipe_n or_o woollen_a cloth_n so_o they_o say_v sea-water_n may_v be_v draw_v up_o to_o the_o height_n of_o mountain_n by_o help_n of_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n or_o by_o channel_n or_o pore_n unknown_a to_o we_o and_o make_v in_o the_o shape_n of_o pipe_n and_o dispose_v of_o after_o the_o manner_n as_o we_o see_v all_o the_o wine_n in_o the_o vessel_n take_v out_o from_o thence_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o pipe_n or_o last_o sea_n water_n may_v insinuate_v itself_o into_o a_o spungy_a and_o light_a earth_n which_o imbibe_v it_o and_o cause_v it_o to_o ascend_v and_o flow_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o see_v all_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o a_o basin_n to_o ascend_v to_o the_o brim_n of_o it_o and_o by_o degree_n to_o go_v beyond_o by_o the_o help_n of_o cotten_n or_o a_o little_a woollen_a cloth_n as_o pleasant_a and_o as_o subtle_a soever_o as_o this_o fancy_n may_v be_v i_o think_v my_o opinion_n be_v better_a ground_v and_o more_o agreeable_a to_o truth_n by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v apparent_a hitherto_o that_o sea-water_n supply_v matter_n to_o spring_n and_o fountain_n these_o do_v supply_v matter_n to_o rivulet_n and_o rivulet_n to_o stream_n and_o river_n which_o empty_a themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v out_o to_o moisten_v the_o earth_n and_o that_o as_o i_o say_v before_o by_o a_o continual_a fluid_fw-la circulation_n it_o may_v be_v last_o ask_v what_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o circulation_n and_o from_o whence_o proceed_v that_o force_n with_o which_o we_o see_v flood_n and_o river_n to_o
without_o the_o pretend_a quality_n of_o aristotle_n or_o corpuscle_n of_o gassendus_fw-la except_o those_o of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v in_o motion_n for_o they_o being_n want_v or_o stir_v up_o by_o a_o opposite_a motion_n little_a or_o very_a little_a be_v observe_v of_o it_o the_o motion_n therefore_o of_o body_n be_v the_o object_n of_o sound_n but_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n for_o a_o fluid_a body_n to_o be_v present_a that_o it_o may_v be_v violent_o move_v to_o and_o fro_o which_o happen_v in_o irregular_a sound_n or_o with_o method_n and_o measure_n as_o in_o music_n and_o the_o use_n of_o instrument_n this_o fluid_a body_n be_v sometime_o intercept_v by_o two_o solid_a body_n and_o be_v force_v to_o go_v back_o with_o violent_a motion_n chap._n xii_o particular_a question_n concern_v hear_v the_o first_o question_n be_v concern_v the_o penetration_n of_o sound_n and_o it_o be_v ask_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o a_o sound_v constant_a in_o motion_n can_v more_o easy_o penetrate_v through_o a_o thick_a wall_n than_o through_o glass_n or_o water_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o thick_a wall_n have_v great_a cavity_n into_o which_o the_o air_n insinuate_v itself_o or_o lie_v shut_v up_o in_o they_o whilst_o they_o be_v building_n after_o which_o manner_n without_o doubt_n it_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o gun_n make_v of_o melt_a brass_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o when_o they_o be_v try_v they_o sometime_o burst_v asunder_o which_o happen_v about_o two_o month_n ago_o at_o niverina_n in_o a_o field_n near_o st._n germane_a air_n therefore_o be_v more_o easy_o shut_v up_o within_o wall_n whilst_o they_o be_v building_n than_o in_o gun_n whilst_o they_o be_v cast_v and_o this_o include_v air_n receive_v its_o motion_n from_o the_o external_a air_n and_o communicate_v the_o same_o with_o that_o which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o breech_n or_o adverse_a part_n of_o the_o gun._n which_o thing_n do_v not_o happen_v in_o glass_n which_o have_v but_o very_o small_a pore_n into_o which_o the_o external_n air_n can_v enter_v only_a light_n and_o the_o most_o subtle_a air_n enjoy_v this_o privilege_n from_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o body_n which_o have_v none_o or_o but_o very_o small_a vacuity_n and_o contain_v no_o air_n or_o but_o very_o little_a be_v more_o surd_a and_o less_o resound_v as_o gold_n and_o lead_v however_o lead_n be_v more_o surd_a than_o gold_n although_o it_o have_v more_o frequent_a vacuity_n but_o they_o be_v less_o regular_a for_o since_o it_o be_v endow_v with_o more_o pore_n than_o gold_n it_o ought_v to_o give_v a_o great_a sound_n than_o gold._n for_o to_o the_o make_v a_o sound_n it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a that_o the_o body_n contain_v air_n but_o that_o the_o air_n be_v so_o bind_v up_o that_o it_o can_v sin_v a_o way_n out_o and_o as_o to_o the_o sound_n of_o bell_n that_o depend_v upon_o the_o air_n intercept_v between_o the_o clapper_n and_o the_o bell_n and_o wander_v round_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o bell_n before_o it_o can_v get_v out_o and_o drive_v on_o other_o air_n yet_o so_o as_o that_o it_o presuppose_v air_n shut_v up_o in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o metal_n the_o second_o question_n regard_v the_o propagation_n of_o sound_n or_o the_o sound_n of_o bell_n and_o gun_n be_v hear_v a_o great_a way_n off_o but_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o air_n violent_o drive_v on_o because_o it_o be_v easy_o move_v give_v a_o sound_n according_a to_o its_o motion_n great_a or_o lesser_a and_o because_o the_o motion_n of_o air_n be_v not_o momentaneous_a so_o the_o sound_n likewise_o be_v not_o in_o a_o moment_n bring_v to_o the_o ear_n certain_o the_o air_n that_o be_v impel_v drive_v on_o other_o air_n on_o every_o side_n until_o that_o circular_a motion_n cease_v as_o we_o see_v when_o a_o stone_n be_v throw_v into_o a_o pool_n the_o water_n be_v move_v in_o circle_n this_o motion_n in_o respect_n of_o sight_n be_v not_o in_o the_o air_n we_o see_v the_o stroke_n ere_o we_o perceive_v the_o sound_n for_o light_n be_v determine_v in_o a_o moment_n nor_o do_v a_o contrary_a wind_n hinder_v light_a as_o it_o do_v sound_a for_o light_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o light_n of_o the_o air_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n from_o whence_o it_o draw_v its_o origine_fw-la to_o which_o it_o be_v firm_o and_o immovable_o annex_v at_o least_o that_o it_o be_v not_o condense_v and_o grow_v thick_a the_o three_o question_n regard_v the_o repetition_n of_o sound_n and_o be_v call_v echo_n and_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o than_o a_o repercussed_a and_o reflect_v motion_n of_o the_o air_n by_o hard_a body_n or_o retain_v and_o renew_v by_o other_o air_n shut_v up_o in_o the_o cavity_n of_o body_n and_o if_o there_o be_v many_o cavity_n in_o a_o straight_a line_n there_o be_v make_v many_o reflection_n and_o the_o echo_n be_v multiply_v and_o that_o more_o or_o less_o distinct_o as_o the_o reflection_n be_v more_o or_o less_o perfect_a and_o the_o ear_n more_o or_o less_o distant_a from_o the_o angle_n of_o reflection_n which_o be_v always_o form_v right_a forward_o and_o be_v straight_o unless_o there_o be_v some_o hindrance_n and_o have_v always_o a_o certain_a and_o determine_a distance_n four_o it_o be_v ask_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o string_n of_o two_o harp_n tune_v alike_o although_o they_o be_v distant_a two_o or_o three_o pace_n from_o one_o another_o the_o one_o be_v strike_v the_o other_o will_v give_v a_o sound_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o air_n of_o one_o be_v strike_v into_o motion_n do_v by_o its_o motion_n excite_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o other_o which_o be_v constitute_v in_o the_o same_o state_n or_o tune_v alike_o for_o here_o to_o allege_v sympathy_n will_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o fly_v to_o the_o sanctuary_n of_o ignorance_n five_o it_o be_v ask_v why_o some_o sound_n be_v sweet_a and_o very_a pleasant_a and_o other_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n harsh_a and_o displease_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o proceed_v from_o a_o diverse_a motion_n and_o from_o the_o ruggedness_n and_o smoothness_n of_o body_n as_o also_o from_o the_o smite_v of_o the_o air_n that_o be_v drive_v to_o and_o fro_o six_o it_o may_v be_v inquire_v from_o whence_o the_o noise_n in_o the_o ear_n proceed_v and_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o inconvenience_n proceed_v from_o a_o motion_n of_o the_o interior_a air_n against_o nature_n which_o sometime_o happen_v from_o the_o break_n in_o of_o foreign_a corpuscle_n or_o from_o the_o solution_n and_o emancipation_n of_o some_o atom_n or_o from_o the_o pulse_n of_o the_o artery_n or_o motion_n of_o vapour_n which_o strike_v against_o the_o drum_n of_o the_o ear_n make_v that_o hum_a noise_n of_o the_o ear_n last_o it_o be_v ask_v why_o some_o people_n hear_v better_a than_o other_o and_o we_o may_v answer_v that_o this_o proceed_v from_o the_o impurity_n of_o the_o interior_a air_n for_o not_o to_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o those_o that_o be_v bear_v deaf_a or_o have_v their_o organ_n ill_o form_v or_o have_v no_o interior_a or_o include_v air_n or_o of_o old_a man_n in_o who_o this_o air_n be_v dissipate_v or_o of_o those_o who_o a_o kind_n of_o thick_a humour_n fall_v upon_o the_o organ_n after_o a_o long_a disease_n make_v deaf_a or_o who_o be_v wound_v or_o have_v a_o imposthume_n in_o their_o ear_n i_o say_v that_o those_o who_o have_v most_o of_o this_o interior_a and_o pure_a air_n have_v their_o ear_n more_o accurate_a and_o their_o hear_v more_o distinct_a if_o withal_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n be_v well_o compose_v chap._n xiii_o of_o smell_a its_o organ_n and_o object_n smell_a be_v a_o action_n by_o which_o we_o perceive_v and_o distinguish_v smell_v the_o external_a organ_n be_v the_o nostril_n the_o internal_a be_v some_o glandulous_a and_o spungy_a part_n like_o teat_n which_o descend_v from_o the_o brain_n to_o the_o nostril_n or_o the_o olfactory_a nerve_n or_o odour_n which_o affect_v the_o spirit_n contain_v in_o the_o nerve_n and_o move_v they_o and_o these_o spirit_n be_v move_v and_o stir_v up_o carry_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o odour_n to_o the_o common_a sense_n the_o object_n of_o smell_n be_v odour_n in_o quality_n not_o distinct_a from_o body_n but_o be_v rather_o atom_n or_o sulphurous_a particle_n go_v out_o of_o body_n their_o figure_n be_v hook_v and_o adhere_a from_o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o they_o adhere_v like_o oil_n or_o fatness_n and_o be_v preserve_v a_o long_a time_n in_o chest_n among_o clothes_n especial_o woollen_a one_o and_o therefore_o contagious_a particle_n lie_v hide_v for_o many_o year_n
clammyness_n humidity_n and_o viscousness_n do_v stupefy_v the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o sleep_n be_v sweet_a or_o restless_a according_a as_o those_o vapour_n be_v sweet_a or_o abound_v with_o corpuscle_n or_o be_v stir_v up_o from_o choler_n or_o other_o thing_n of_o a_o irregular_a figure_n or_o where_o some_o emancipate_v atom_n make_v the_o disturbance_n the_o mixture_n of_o these_o atom_n be_v often_o the_o cause_n of_o lightheadedness_a madness_n and_o hypochondriac_n melancholy_a and_o they_o likewise_o produce_v watchfulness_n by_o a_o inversion_n and_o confusion_n of_o the_o idea_n in_o the_o imagination_n from_o whence_o it_o happen_v that_o we_o see_v that_o which_o we_o never_o see_v direct_o and_o sometime_o monster_n and_o horrible_a thing_n this_o motion_n of_o the_o image_n or_o idea_n be_v sometime_o so_o very_o violent_a and_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o troop_n of_o these_o emancipate_v atom_n in_o the_o brain_n that_o those_o that_o be_v asleep_a do_v sometime_o rise_v out_o of_o bed_n talk_v climb_v up_o wall_n bath_n themselves_o and_o then_o go_v to_o bed_n again_o without_o ever_o wake_v all_o the_o while_n death_n be_v common_o call_v a_o perpetual_a sleep_n and_o in_o animal_n except_v man_n it_o be_v nothing_o else_o than_o a_o total_a dissipation_n of_o the_o vital_a atom_n or_o a_o cessation_n of_o motion_n in_o which_o their_o life_n consist_v in_o man_n these_o thing_n be_v not_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n although_o however_o all_o these_o thing_n cease_v in_o a_o die_a man_n either_o immediate_o as_o in_o a_o violent_a death_n or_o by_o degree_n as_o in_o a_o natural_a death_n we_o must_v confess_v nevertheless_o that_o in_o that_o respect_n something_o else_o be_v to_o be_v accomplish_v to_o wit_n the_o separation_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o god_n give_v he_o and_o which_o return_v unto_o he_o that_o give_v it_o before_o we_o go_v any_o further_a and_o that_o we_o may_v make_v a_o end_n of_o this_o chapter_n and_o be_v as_o good_a as_o our_o word_n i_o be_o force_v a_o little_a more_o special_o to_o discourse_v concern_v the_o death_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o have_v life_n for_o whatsoever_o be_v create_v and_o compound_v of_o many_o part_n and_o life_n be_v subject_a to_o death_n man_n who_o be_v compound_v of_o a_o material_a and_o organical_a body_n like_o other_o being_n die_v at_o last_o but_o because_o he_o have_v a_o immortal_a soul_n create_v after_o the_o image_n of_o god_n he_o only_o die_v that_o he_o may_v live_v eternal_o with_o god_n if_o he_o be_v faithful_a and_o his_o death_n be_v no_o more_o than_o sleep_v and_o a_o pass_v into_o eternity_n what_o a_o christian_a philosopher_n ought_v to_o think_v of_o this_o soul_n i_o shall_v declare_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n here_o i_o will_v say_v something_o of_o his_o body_n as_o also_o of_o its_o corruption_n and_o dissolution_n the_o rational_a soul_n never_o go_v out_o of_o this_o mortal_a body_n before_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v stop_v this_o motion_n which_o be_v not_o voluntary_a cease_v life_n can_v no_o long_o continue_v since_o it_o consist_v in_o this_o motion_n if_o the_o rational_a soul_n be_v only_o in_o the_o brain_n as_o duncan_n and_o some_o other_o will_v have_v it_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o tell_v why_o it_o shall_v depart_v upon_o the_o cessation_n of_o the_o heart_n motion_n whilst_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n be_v in_o good_a order_n as_o for_o my_o part_n i_o consider_v it_o in_o its_o spiritual_a nature_n believe_v that_o he_o must_v have_v too_o mean_v a_o idea_n of_o this_o spiritual_a substance_n who_o confine_v it_o to_o the_o brain_n and_o to_o the_o small_a part_n of_o it_o that_o opinion_n which_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v present_a every_o where_o in_o the_o whole_a body_n although_o it_o operate_v more_o particular_o in_o the_o brain_n and_o heart_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v more_o reasonable_a and_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o soul_n act_v in_o the_o heart_n the_o organ_n cease_v it_o depart_v in_o the_o same_o moment_n it_o may_v seem_v a_o wonder_n to_o not_o a_o few_o that_o the_o rational_a soul_n shall_v so_o depend_v upon_o the_o material_a body_n but_o since_o it_o so_o seem_v good_a to_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n we_o ought_v to_o rest_v satisfy_v the_o body_n be_v endue_v with_o organ_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o the_o soul_n be_v create_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o body_n and_o one_o be_v make_v for_o the_o other_o and_o the_o conjunction_n of_o these_o two_o make_v a_o complete_a man._n one_o part_n only_o do_v not_o make_v a_o man_n nor_o do_v a_o separate_a body_n make_v up_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o man_n and_o indeed_o a_o dead_a man_n be_v not_o what_o he_o be_v till_o he_o rise_v again_o the_o soul_n therefore_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o body_n by_o such_o a_o sort_n of_o tie_n that_o it_o can_v act_v but_o by_o organ_n so_o that_o he_o see_v nothing_o when_o his_o eye_n be_v out_o he_o hear_v nothing_o when_o his_o ear_n be_v stop_v and_o the_o chief_a organ_n be_v deficient_a the_o soul_n depart_v because_o it_o can_v do_v nothing_o this_o chief_a organ_n to_o wit_n the_o heart_n be_v deficient_a many_o way_n it_o may_v be_v stop_v and_o suffocate_v for_o want_n of_o air_n and_o respiration_n for_o the_o atom_n of_o light_n implant_v in_o the_o heart_n at_o the_o time_n of_o a_o man_n conception_n the_o commerce_n of_o the_o solar_a spirit_n be_v intercept_v for_o want_n of_o air_n do_v sometime_o sudden_o stand_v still_o they_o fly_v away_o find_v a_o passage_n through_o a_o solution_n of_o the_o continuum_fw-la or_o through_o pore_n make_v fit_a by_o a_o burn_a fever_n in_o the_o heart_n all_o the_o water_n of_o the_o pericardium_n be_v dry_v up_o thick_a and_o viscous_a blood_n do_v sometime_o stop_v the_o motion_n of_o these_o vital_a atom_n poison_n also_o do_v by_o its_o acute_a particle_n pierce_v through_o the_o heart_n and_o give_v a_o exit_z to_o these_o spirit_n of_o light_n which_o be_v tie_v to_o those_o which_o the_o sun_n bestow_v upon_o we_o and_o be_v attract_v by_o they_o return_v thither_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v let_v we_o see_v now_o what_o the_o body_n do_v in_o the_o grave_a it_o putrify_v there_o that_o be_v it_o be_v dissolve_v some_o corpuscle_n or_o atom_n withdraw_v themselves_o some_o part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v change_v into_o worm_n some_o of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n resist_v it_o be_v a_o folly_n here_o to_o imagine_v any_o substantial_a form_n of_o the_o dead_a carcase_n or_o to_o acknowledge_v partial_a form_n of_o the_o bone_n flesh_n vein_n artery_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n subject_n to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o dead_a carcase_n or_o alone_o without_o this_o form._n these_o be_v illusion_n and_o chimera_n matter_n be_v the_o same_o and_o all_o the_o change_n that_o happen_v consist_v in_o this_o that_o when_o the_o rational_a soul_n be_v absent_a there_o remain_v nothing_o beside_o matter_n the_o organ_n by_o little_a and_o little_o lose_v their_o figure_n and_o have_v lose_v their_o composition_n they_o lose_v their_o action_n that_o which_o be_v compound_v be_v dissolve_v and_o the_o great_a part_n go_v into_o dust_n and_o ash_n the_o luminous_a spirit_n recede_v and_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o their_o kind_n some_o part_n or_o corpuscle_n join_v to_o the_o putrify_a body_n purtifie_v in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v experience_n favour_v this_o doctrine_n a_o certain_a servant_n to_o a_o nobleman_n who_o nose_n have_v be_v by_o great_a misfortune_n new_o cut_v off_o free_o part_n with_o his_o own_o nose_n to_o serve_v his_o master_n this_o nose_n be_v put_v in_o the_o place_n of_o that_o which_o be_v new_o cut_v off_o take_v root_n and_o grow_v together_o after_o such_o a_o manner_n with_o a_o cartaliginous_a flesh_n that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v natural_a about_o twenty_o year_n afterward_o the_o servant_n die_v in_o a_o far_a country_n and_o be_v bury_v and_o as_o by_o degree_n he_o putrify_v so_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n this_o end_n of_o a_o nose_n begin_v to_o putrify_v to_o be_v corrupt_v and_o to_o fall_v off_o part_v from_o that_o part_n to_o which_o it_o have_v so_o long_o stick_v without_o wither_v whilst_o the_o servant_n live_v the_o part_n follow_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o whole_a i_o say_v moreover_o that_o the_o least_o part_n or_o corpuscle_n which_o proceed_v from_o a_o body_n the_o body_n be_v dead_a and_o corrupt_a they_o also_o be_v corrupt_v and_o join_v in_o commerce_n with_o atom_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n which_o they_o do_v by_o invite_v they_o to_o join_v and_o come_v together_o and_o here_o be_v a_o experiment_n which_o every_o one_o can_v understand_v it_o be_v