bathe therewith the Legs or Thighs from above the Knee and from the Cambrels downwards or for want of these Neats-foot Oyl after which chafe it in with your hands and in often so doing in all places where you see occasion you will wonderfully restore his Limbs rendring them supple and plyable There are many things to be observed from the Sweating of a Horse especially from that which proceeeds without External force occasioned by hard labour or the like for then is the Horse faint foul fed or wanteth Exercise to evaporate the abundance of watery humours which he hath contracted And especially this is to be noted when his Sweat is white and frothy like a Lather of Soap but in case of Heats and other considerable labour to create Sweat if it appear black and pearly like clear water then is the Horse in a good plight oâ— habit of Body especially if he be lively and brisk not in the least afflicted with any shaking or trembling for that infers the Sweat forced out by some Internal disorder rather than naturally evaporated And now seeing the Causes of Sickness are very material to be known that is from whence they arise that so the Skill in Curing may be the greater and the Remedies to be applied more powerfull and certain in their Operation as also the causes of health and long life Take for your better Experiment what you find in the subsequent Chapter CHAP. XVI Of the Elementary parts of a Horse's Body and of the Agreement of the Humours therewith A discourse of Corruption and Generation in which is set forth all things of that kind relating to Goodness or Badness Health or Sickness c. CErtain it is that no Man can truly pretend to Experience of this kind unless he duly weigh the Nature of Generation and Corruption for on them as on the Collumns of this Art stand what is material of this kind These two being ever consonant in the main though one Horse's body may differ in Constitution from the other for these being the Suparlative of Elementary subsistance or matter fail not to operate in their turns or as Nature disposes them in their places and degrees and therefore it will be highly convenient to discover them in their Parts and Particles As for the Body of a Horse it differs not in Elementary composition from that of a Man for of all the Elements it consists viz. Fire Air Earth and Water which are indeed the Generatives and Consumers of all Mortal things and beings And although these Elements are different in themselves yet are frequently agreeable in the Composition for the Fire though hot and dry in it self yet compounded with the other Elements in a Mortal frame or bodily composition diffuses a gentle heat to nourish and support life Though the Air is hot and moist but more participating of the latter yet does it temperate the heat of the former and gives a kind respiration and gentle breathing to refresh and exhilerate each Part and Particle The Earth though it is in it self gross and ponderous yet in this composition is it rarified and by its substantial matter composes the frame wherein the rest of the Elements cohabit and being cold and dry serves to temperate the hot and moist The Water though cold and moist in it self serves in this case to moisten and render plyable the Sublunar works of Nature and enabling them to subsist And of these four Mothers of Creation participate more immediately the four humours of which the Bodies of Animal and Rational Creatures are composed as Choler Blood Melancholy and Phlegm the first of Fire the second of Air the third of Earth and the fourth to Water And as these more or less operate so according to their qualities is the Body moved and exposed to heat cold moisture or dryness and consequently to the effects they produce for these have their principal Dominion in the Seats of Life and from thence extend their power and force to every part and member As thus Phlegm possesses the Brain Choler and Blood the Liver and Heart and Melancholy the Spleen which is the Recepticle and Conveyancer of the Excrements of the Liver all of them having distinctly and conjunctly their proper office assigned As thus the Blood is the principal nourisher of the natural frame Phlegm or Moisture renders the Members flexible and complyant in motion and use Choler causeth digestion by its Operative heat and Melancholy disposes to an Appetite and attracteth the grosser parts of Nutrimental Elements and occasioneth the disburthening of Nature It is generally agreed on by the Learned That every Organical-body is supported by four principal instrumental Members and these are held to be the Brain Heart Liver and Genitors these performing their particular offices and functions Por as the Sinews are supported by the Brain the seat of Animal Spirits the Arteries from the Heart or seat of Vital Spirits the Veins which are natural parts from the Liver so the Seminal Vessels are supported by the Genital Parts or Instruments of Generation and these conjoyntly operating are the Elementary Substitutes as participating of their Nature and consequently the Materials of Generation Thus having briefly discoursed of the Elementary parts of the Bodies of Creatures I now proceed from the four Humours Elements and Instrumental Members to the Natural faculties which in this case are the next things to be considered which are Eating Retaining Concocting and Expelling and though all the Humours are Instrumental in promoting these yet principally Nature serves her self but of only one to work upon and that is a wheyish kind of Blood generated in the Liver or attracted thereby from the purest part of such nutriment as has been concocted in the stomach and from thence conveying it self to the Liver and through the great Vein conveying nutriment into all its branches and consequently into all the parts of the Body by dispersing the Rarified blood into every part which by the help of the other Humours supports the frame of Nature As for the watery part of nourishment and that of the grosser substance the one is carried into the Bladder and the other passing into the Bowels are in the end cast out of the Body to make room for more of the like nature But moreover there are two Veins that conduct part of the purest and rarified matter into the Seminal Vessels where by the operation and contractions of the Generative parts it is refined by a gentle heat to a more spirituous quality and so in the end becomes Seed which according to the goodness or badness mixed in the Womb proves effectual or ineffectual for note that if the thin and subtil Blood be wanting to support the Seed and enliven it with heat it frequently fails in performing its office and the Horse becomes frigid and uncapable of performance and is often subject to moist diseases as the Glaunders often proceeding from the Liver and Lungs when they are infected with
down to the best advantage suffering him to cool and contract an equal temperature of body Thus having done as you see your Horse without over-straining will conveniently bear it lead him a Mile or thereabout to some pleasant River or Spring and suffer him to drink moderately and then Exercise him as before Which done give him a second Watering and after that another Exercise ever observing to Exercise him before and after watering which done ride him easily home and coming to the Stable-door alight suffering your Horse to stale or dung in the foul litter the which if he refuse freely to do provoke him to it by whistling clapping or waving your Switch raising the Straw under him and reaching him upon it which will often if not always oblige him to it Custome giving him an insight into what you would have him to do This done lead him in and fix him upon the clean Litter take off the Saddle and Body-cloth rubbing him down and cleansing him as before after which put on the Cloths girt them gently with Sirsingles and for the easement of his lying down put wisps between of loose and soft Hay or Straw Being thus cloathed pick his Feet and stop them with Cow-dung casting into the Rack a small bottle of Hay well tyed up it being well dust and let him tear it out at leasure whilst he stands on his Bridle Your Horse having stood for the space of an hour rub his head well with a Hempen-cloth and having cleansed the Manger draw his Bridle and take about three pints of large white Oats well dressed sweet and dry free from light Oats or such as are defective for the preparing of which you ought to have a small Wire Sieve These being given to your Horse and if with a good stomach he eat them you may give him a quart more and suffer him to rest till towards noon at what time run over those parts the Cloth covers not with a Rubber and having cherished him with your hand and voice give him a quart of Oats more doing the like at one and three of the Clock in the Afternoon or if it be in the Summer-time you may stay till four and when it is near Sun-set having rubbed and clad him at all points as in the Morning lead him forth and Air him upon hard level ground not too subject to stones Gallop him gently Water him in due order as has been observed and bring him home In like manner when you have obliged him to stale and dung dress him cloath him and suffer him to stand on the Bridle till such time as he has torn out of the Rack a small bottle of Hay at what time give him another quart of Oats the Manger being made clean and leave him till about nine of the clock the same Evening at what time coming to him again cheer him with hand and voice Rouse up his Litter and giving him another quart of Oats leave him to his repose till the next Morning and so order him every day for the first fortnight daily increasing his Exercise and Keeping the Stable as dark as may be both for his quiet and the better obliging him to feed and by so doing you will find the advantage CHAP. VII Heats what they are and how to be managed to the best advantage in Racing and all other Recreatory undertakings IN consideration of Heats and Exercise they are somewhat different the former being a more violent course than the latter and therefore twice a week is sufficient for Heats the days being as equally distant from each other as may be one of them being observed to on the day of the week answering the day whereon the Race is to be run Observing likewise not to give any Heat in rainy weather unless necessity compel you thereto for it is better to vary hours or days than so to do and on such emergent occasions you must provide your Horse a linnen Hood made of thick Canvass with a Bearing on the Nape of the Neck and covering over the Ears so that none but the Eyes and Nose appear The Heats you give in case of wholsome weather being to be given an hour before it is dark and as soon as day springs but not in the dark for two Causes As first to prevent unwholsome Airs and lastly stumbling tripping slipping or falling The manner of Heating thus observed the next thing to be considered is the manner of Usage and Diet for the second Fortnight Touching the first of these there needs no great distinction between it and what has been premised only before his Bridle be put on in the Morning you must give him about three pints of the best Oats well sifted after the eating of which dress him up and Bridle him Cloath Saddle Air Water and return him in like manner only what Hay you give suffer him to take it out of your hand and let him eat a pretty quantity if he desire it and while he does so let him stand upon his Bridle as also draw not the Bitt till an hour after then having rubbed him all over give him a quart more of well-sifted Oats and from this time forward make a Diet-bread to give him with his Oats c. according to direction CHAP. VIII How to make the Bread of the first Make and what ought to be observed in the Distribution thereof With many other things TAke to the quantity of three pecks of good Beans Splent and well cleansed from the Husks a peck of good Wheat mix them well and grind them into fine Flowre or Meal and having bolted and dressed them make them into Dough with store of Yest and hot Water break and tread it that thereby it may prove the shorter which ought to be done in a Kneading-trough after that cover it with a warm cloth and set it by the fire till it swell then knead it again and being well moulded make it up into the bigness of three peny Loaves soak them well and when they are drawn from the Oven turn the botâ—â—ms upwards and suffer them to cool and at the end or three days paring off the crust the Loaf being dry and in good order crumb it amongst the Oats but if it be too moist or clammy you must dry it in slices before the fire or suffer it to grow staler always putting a third part of Bread small crumbled to the Oats And on this quantity of Provinder suffer him to rest till about eleven of the clock at what time renew the quantity of Bread and Oats and leave him again till one in the Afternoon or longer if the next day be not his Heating-day But if the next day you intend to give him a Heat then give him only a quart of the best Oats and when he has eaten them put on his Bridle and tye him up not forgetting to rub him and do what else is convenient as Dressing Airing Watering bringing him home and putting him into the Stable
it an ounce of well-washed Alloes And observe in this case above all things to keep him warm The falling-Evil its Cause and Remedy This distemper is caused by a vapour that oppresses or anoys the Vital parts rendering the frame of the body for a time sensless and altogether unable to distinguish what befalls it and has its original from an evil habit of body and its approach is frequently known by the coldness of the Nose and Gristles thereabout The speedy at least the best Remedy is to let him Blood on both the Neck-veins in the Morning when he is fasting and then prepare a dose of the Powder of dried Berries of Misletoe and the Powder of Harts-horn each an ounce of the Oyl of Nutmeg and Pepper each a dram compound them in half a pint of Canary and give it the Horse when you perceive the grief to be coming on him as warm as may be The sleeping-Evil what it is and the way to remedy it This is a distemper frequently occasioned by the over-moistness of the Brain or rather a watery coldness contracted within the cells which chills and numbs the Brain whereby the Horse becomes dozed heavy and stupid ever desirous to sleep yet still troubled with restless dreams and disorders and owes its original to moist feeding in Marshey-grounds whereby abundance of phlegmatick and watery humours have been contracted And in this case likewise letting Blood in both the Neck-veins is much available But further to perfect the cure Take Cammomoil and Motherwort of each a like quantity boil them in a Gallon of Running-water with a pound of Treacle and a handfull of Bay-leaves and give the Horse a pint each Morning fasting as hot as he can endure it keeping him warm and fasting for the space of an hour after and then of Malt or scalded Bran make him a warm Mash The Horse-Pestilence and its Cure. The Pestilence in Horses is either contracted by bad feeding which occasions a corruption or inflamation of the Blood whereby the Heart is afflicted or it happens by being in foggy and infectious Airs or catched by contageon And in any of these cases Take Lavender a handfull the like quantity of Rue and Wormwood as also of Walnut-tree Leaves and an ounce of Alloes boil them in a quart of Water or three pints of Milk till half be consumed then add half a pound of fresh Butter or rather if you can get it half a pint of the sweetest Olive-oyl and straining out the liquid part give it the Horse fasting in the Morning blood-warm repeating a fresh dose every other Morning for the space of a week For Chest-foundering the Remedy To know whether your Horse be Chest-foundered or not observe him standing and if then he do as it were stand drawn up or crimpling with his body or stradling and covet much to lye down running sometimes backward in his going then is it apparent he is afflicted with this grievance To cure which Take Oyl of Peter half an ounce mix it with an ounce of the Oyl of Cammomoil and so proportionably a greater quantity as you see occasion and bathe the Breast with a hot Woollen cloth and when you have in that manner chafed it as well as you can run a hot Iron over it to make it sink into the Skin Do this twice or thrice and give the Horse a quarter of a pint of Salad-oyl and the like quantity of Aquavitae warmed and well mixed together over a gentle fire For an Obstruction in the Bladder or Windiness in the Bowels use this Approved Medicine Of Cake or Castle-soap take twelve ounces scrape it so that it may be rendered very small adding two ounces of Dialthaea Incorporate them well and make them up into balls as big as Pigeons Eggs and when you find your Horse afflicted as aforesaid dissolve one of them in a pint of Ale or Beer and give it him scalding-hot or so hot as he can take it without danger and it will force a passage for the Urin without much difficulty This is also good for the Stone or Gravel in the Kidneys The Pole-Evil how to know and Cure. The Pole-Evil is known by its growing bigger than ordinary on the top of the head where if you find it large take a hot Iron and sear it in a circle after the form of the Figure till the Skin become as it were of a yellowish colour then with a sharp Iron make holes in it one large one in the middle small ones circling it within the first Circle the form of the Iron which must not penetrate above half an Inch you have in the Margin The holes made as directed Take a piece of yellow Arsnick to the bigness of a Pea and divide that or a somewhat larger quantity that a part may be applied to every hole made as aforesaid and cover it over with black Soap then with Hog's Lard and Verdegrease anoint the rest of the place seared and cover it all over with a cloth dipped in the Oyl of Turpentine and so by the corrosive nature of the Arsnick the contracted swelling will be so loosened that with a little cutting or drawing off the bottom the core or cause of the grievance may be drawn out or taken away and this frequently especially according to the constitution of the Horse may be attempted in a week or ten days after the application and having washed the wound with Plantane-water wherein a small quantity of Allom has been dissolved anoint it with Oyl of Roses or Ointment of Tobacco and cover it up close from the Air anointing it once a day till the flesh fill up the hollowness and if proud flesh appear notwithstanding scald it with Salt and Butter The Fistula how to discover and cure A Fistula is the contraction and settlement of bad humours or infection into one place occasioning an Ulcerous Tumour and is best suppressed by Cauterizing in circling it round to prevent its further spreading and likewise to deny the humours that feed its access and when you have with a hot Iron circled it as the former prick it full of holes with a three-square sharp Instrument the Figure of which and of the Circle take notice of in the Margin and so use it in all respects as that of the Pole-Evil if you find it very corrupt but if it appear shallow mitigate the Corrosives to half the quantity and search it in a shorter time letting out the Corruption if it will come forth by applying Lenitives c. And when you find it begin to heal anoint it first with Oyl of Cammomoil and after that to take the effects of the fire quite away with Oyntment of Marshmallows beaten with the White of an Egg or Spermaceti Hard Kernels under the Throat how to remove Take half a pint of Brandy or Aquavitae put into it a quarter of a pound of common Soap boil them till they become thick as a Plaster and apply it Plaster-wise to the place
fasting and beware he catch not cold For the Yard of a Horse falling a Remedy This happens to a Horse when he is grown feeble either by over-labouring or bad feeding which cause a bad resolution in the Muscles and Tendons so that they refuse their office of support And in this case Take a gallon of Water boil in it two handfulls of Bay-salt half a pound of Carrot-seed a good handfull of Mugwort and the like quantity of Bay-leaves then strain out the Liquid part and add a quart of Old Mallago and give him this to drink hot rubbing his Yard with Vinegar wherein Nettle-seed and Burdock-seeds have been concocted To prevent the Mattering of the Yard This happens to Horses of a hot constitution especially after covering And first appears by the swelling of the end of the Yard and his being thereby rendred uncapable of drawing it into his Sheath when soon after you will perceive much filthy Matter issue from thence At what time dissolve half a pound of Allom in a pint of White-wine and with a Syringe inject it warm into the Yard whereby the Yard will not only be scowred and cooled but the humours be driven back and dispersed Of the Diseases incident mostly to Mares and known by the name of the Pestilent-consumption This distemper happens to a Mare when she is near her Foaling-time by reason of a Flegmatick humour that contracts about the Matrix occasioned by gross feeding and is known by her dullness pining and desire to be Laid and the like To redress which Take a pint of Aquavitae half an ounce of Tobacco and a sprig or two of Spurg-lawrel boil them together and then straining out the Liquid part give it her fasting and it will oblige her to cast out the Mass of Phlegm or at least the Cause that disturbs her But by reason she will be somewhat sickish when she has cast Give her half a pint of Salad-oyl and the like quantity of Canary and keep her in a warm Stable with Mashes and good dry Meat a day or two How a Mare that is subject to cast her Foal ought to be used In this case there is more than one Cause to be taken notice of which subjects a Mare to cast her Foal untimely sometimes dead and sometimes alive as hard Wintering unwholsome Lodging over-riding suddain strains or unhappy blows on the back leaping hedges or the like together with too much fatness or subjection to gross humours many times to the endangering of their lives Therefore when you perceive her near her time bring her into a warm Stable and Take an ounce of Diapente an ounce of Sarsaparilla three grains of Musk and a peny-worth of Fennel-seeds infuse them in a pint of Muscadel and give them a heating over a gentle fire and suffer the Mare to drink the Liquid part fasting then dip your hand in the Oyl of Myrrh and thrust it into her Shape and give her wholsome Diet and good Litter or this may be done with success at the time of her Foaling especially if you perceive difficulty therein and it will be much available in rendering her an easie delivery How to oblige a Mare to cast her Foal Now on the contrary if you imagine the Foal your Mare goes with is not worth your rearing or that she has taken Horse contrary to your desire Then boil a good quantity of Savin in two quarts of new Milk adding an ounce of Ruburb and a small quantity of Wood-ashes and when they are sufficiently boiled strain out the Liquid part and give it the Mare to drink very hot and then give her a considerable heat and in so doing two or three Mornings the business will be effected But consider withall that you look well to your Mare least you lose both for she must for a week afterward be kept in the Stable and that very warm and with Mashes of sweet Malt-bran and Barley every other Morning Of the several Feavers in a Horse and how to Cure them c. There are divers Feavers that frequently possess the Body of a Horse and that at different times as the Quotidian Tertian and Quartan and these are occasioned by gross humours contracted in the blood that inflame and disorder the frame and happen according to the circulation of the Blood or domination of Humours As for the first of these it is ever the most violent but never lasteth long and most frequently it cometh in the Spring when the Blood begins to encâ—ease especially to Colts and young Horses The signs that fore-run this are the watering of the Eyes and a redness as if they were blood-shotten short pantings hot breath a loathing or leaving of Provender stiffness in the Joynts and unwillingness to labour And if it so happen that it befall him at eight of the clock the one day you may expect it at four the next day and the reason that is given is the ebbing and flowing of the blood and its circulation To rid him of this troublesome companion give him as soon as you perceive it to begin a warm Mash and keep him in motion though in the Stable for the space of an hour or more then rub him exceeding well and Take two quarts of Ale a good handfull of Wormwood an ounce of Long-Pepper Venice-Treacle two ounces and of Grains an ounce add to these an ounce of the Flower of Brimstone and as much Rue dried and rubbed into Powder heat it hot and give him it at twice about the space of two hours difference between each other The Tertian Feaver is much the same in quality and condition with what I have named and the Symtomps the same though it somewhat more than the other participates of the Ague for it at first takes him with a kind of a shaking Wherefore when you observe its approach Take of Stone-crop an Herb so called two handfulls bruise it and strain the Juyce into two quarts of Ale drop into it then an ounce of the Oyl of Myrrh and an ounce of Ginger beaten into Powder make them hot and give them the Horse to drink sweetned with Sugar-candy and then Rack him a round pace in wholsome Air but do not sweat him that he thereby may be endangered by contracting a cold observing to let him drink no cold water till such time as you find the Fit entirely gone and that he has setled his Body by eating two quarts of the best dried Oatâ—s As for the Quartan Feaver it is much of the nature of the two former only it alters the day and often continues longer for if a speedy remedy be not had it frequently continues at divers times for the space of half a year or longer And if this happen in the Fall of the Leaf it will be necessary to let Blood which done give your Horse what is hereafter directed Take Oyl of Bays an ounce Coltsfoot the Herb a good handfull Knot-grass roots or Scurvey-grass roots the like quantity Lavender flowers
times a Horse being let Blood by an unskilfull hand or suffered thereupon to take cold or the wind to possess the empty Veins which causes swellings in the Neck or other disorders To remedy it Take Sheeps-suet half a pound the Juyce of Hemlock half a pint and four ounces of the Oyl of Cammomoil which being made into an Oyntment rub and chafe his Neck with them as hot as may be morning and evening giving him warm water to drink wherein Fennel-seeds are scattered and cover his Neck over with a warm cloth giving him gentle heats For the Leprosie in Horses a Remedy with the Cause Take Resalgar otherwise called Arsnick and Hog's Lard well tryed incorporate them to an Oyntment over a gentle fire and having drawn the Horse's head up strait to the Rack to prevent his disorders anoint the place with a feather and suffer it for the space of two hours to soak in and after that boil the Roots of Burdocks in Chamber-lye and wash with it the Oyntment clean away which done give the Horse meat of the best to hearten and encourage him to endurance and so proceed to do every other day for six days successively This grievance or dangerous Malady befalls a Horse by extraordinary riding and suffering the Horse to cool and consequently surfeit or from the rankness of blood which produces evil humours and they not timely let out force their way in Botches and dry Sorrances which upon dressing must be rubbed off to prepare the way for the Oyntment For any disease in the Lungs an excellent Remedy The Diseases in the Lungs proceed frequently from extraordinary cold and flegmatick humours or on the contrary from hot Inflamations caused by Surfeits or the like either of which if not timely remedied tend to consumption and rottenness and are known by the working of the Ribs and beating of the Flanks but more especially by his coughing weakly and the slow beating of what has been before mentioned with other the like signs To cure these Take of the herb Melliot commonly called Horse-Lungwort bruise it in a Mortar and squeese out the Juyce to the quantity of two ounces of Fenegreek-seeds and Madder each an ounce with as much of Rosemary-seed and give him them the latter being well bruised in a quart of warm Ale every other day for the space of fourteen days fasting and after the dose let him have Oats washed in warm Beer and warm Mashes keeping him in a close Stable without exercising him unless in a fair clear day Or for want of these Take a young Snake open it and put into the belly Rue and Snakeweed shred with the fat of a Hedge-hog as much as the belly of the Snake being embowelled will hold and let it be roasted before a gentle fire saving the Oyl or Dripping that falls from it carefully in an Earthen-pan and having shaved off the hair on the breast anoint it with this Oyntment chafing it in with your hot hand and so do by renewing the Oyntment as often as you see it convenient For the swelling of the Horse's Legs the Cure. The cause of the swelling in the Legs comes through cold humours setling therein or over-much riding in foul or dirty ways over-heats or over-strains or by Molten-grease falling down into the Legs And in this case having let blood in the most convenient Veins as near as may be to the swelling to take away the corrupt blood then Take the Lees of White-wine or Rhenish-wine half a pint Cammomoil half a handfull Cummin-seeds an ounce Wheat-flower two handfulls boil them all together adding in the boiling half a pint of Verjuyce and so lay them hot as a Poultis to the place grieved renewing it till you find it draws the swelling to a head which being done Take Shoomakers Wax an ounce the like quantity of Virgins Wax half an ounce of Bole-armorick and half a pint of Olive-oyl the Yolks of two Eggs and half a quartern of Honey beat these well together over a gentle fire till you perceive them well incorporated into the thickness of a Salve and then spreading part of it upon Sheeps-leather apply it Plaster-wise till the corruption by often renewing it be drawn away then wash the place with balm-Balm-water and heal it up with Hog's-grease and Honey incorporated over a gentle fire The flying Worm what it is and how to Cure it This is known generally by the name of a Tetter or Ringworm occasioned by an extraordinary heat in the Blood and other foul disorders creating a virrilent or sharp firey humour and for the most part seizes upon the Rump or Crupper of the Horse and frequently by not being regarded turns to a Canker though indeed it will seize and so is found to do upon any part of the body that is subject to flesheyness or abundance of blood and cause the Horse to rub himself in an extraordinary manner and is known by the falling away of the hair and the Horse's continual rubbing To cure this let the Horse blood as soon as may be in that part where it has seized him and then Take an ounce of Verdegrease two ounces of Burdock juyce two ounces of Soot a quarter of an ounce of the Oyl of Tartar and with the weâ—ght of all these in Hog's Lard make them up into an Oyntment bathing it with it as hot as may be endured and so continue to do till the Malady ceases to spread and consequently dies Excellent Directions for the prevention of Diseases in Horses at sundry times c. Observe in this case to bleed your Horse the beginning of April in the Neck-veins when the sign of Life is not in that part and so every day in the Month of April give him what I order As thus Take old Rye not musty nor any ways disordered impaired by shrivelling up nor any way foul with dirt Lome-stones or the like take to the quantity of a Bushel and having sprinkled it with the Juyce of Baum and again dried it by spreading in the Sun put it into an Iron boiling-pot without water and there by perpetual stirring parch it to that degree that it becomes black and hard then take it out and put it into a close dry place and each day give your Horse a quart of it beaten to Powder amongst his Oats and so do in the Month of October likewise remembring to let him Blood And by this means his blood will be so well tempered that unless some extraordinary matter happen as exceeding heats occasioning surfeits too rank feeding or damp lying the Horse will undoubtedly be kept in a good temper of body during the whole year And the better to confirm him give him this drink as soon as he is let blood viz. Take of White-wine a pint infuse into it Cinamon Cloves and Saffron of each three drams Cassa and Myrrh of each the like quantity let them simper over a gentle fire for the space of an hour and then being sweetned with
and fresh Butter a quarter of a pound make them into an Oyntment over a gentle fire and as occasion serves apply them to the place grieved till you find the extraordinary heat abate An excellent Oyntment or rather Balsom to be inwardly given a Horse for Obstructions Bruises and other Ailments and Grievances Take of Refined or rarified Turpentine two ounces Stag's-suet the like quantity Amber-grease two scruples Olibanum an ounce Oyl of Roses two ounces and a dram of the Oyl of Amber heat these gently till they incorporate and then take a small quantity and with fine flower make a Paste to the bigness of a Walnut and give it the Horse to swallow giving him after it half a pint of warm Mallaga To make a green Oyntment proved by Experience more effectual than what has formerly been published Take the Juyce of Sage two ounces as much of that of Rue an ounce of Verdegrease and of Aqua-vitae half a quartern mix these over a gentle fire and add of the Powder of Elecampane-roots an ounce with the Powder of white Copras calcined half an ounce make them into an Oyntment with Olive-oyl and half an ounce of the Oyl of Turpentine An excellent Remedy for the Staggers or any Pain that suddenly takes a Horse sometimes to the loss of his life Take the fat of the Guts of a Capon two ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces of Olive-oyl half a pint incorporate them well over a gentle fire then drop into them the Chymical Oyl of Nutmeg a dram and the like quantity of that of Spicknard and Bay-berries and having incorporated them farther into an Oyntment when you perceive your Horse afflicted dip a feather in the Oyntment and thrust it up the nostrils of the Horse and anoint them as high as may be then burn under his nose Storax on a Chafing-dish of Charcole placing a Tunel so over it that the smoak may ascend into the nostrils only This is likewise good for any cold Rheum that afflicts the head and will bring away the superfluous humour An excellent Salve for any Wound Take Hog's Lard half a pound Bees-wax a pound Stone-pitch six ounces unslacked Lime beaten into Powder an ounce the Powder of dried Foxes Lungs an ounce make them into a Salve with two ounces of Turpentine and apply it Plaster-wise to any Gangreen ulcerous Sore Botch Strain Slip Spavin after its being opened or other Sorrance and by due application it will answer your expectation An approved Salve to draw any stub thorn or splinter of Bone or Wood out of the flesh Take of Burgundia-pitch four ounces the like quantity of Per-rosin Nut-oyl two ounces and the like quantity of Linseed-oyl and an ounce of the Juyce of Hemlock make them into the thickness of a Salve and apply it Plaster wise to the grieved part till you find the head of the offensive matter and then with your Instrument delate the flesh and draw it out To fill a Wound Vlcer or the like with good flesh an excellent Plaster Take Mutton-suet half a pound the Juyce of Baum a quarter of a pint the Oyntment of Marshmallows and Groundsel of each two ounces burnt Allom in Powder two ounces Rosin half a pound and Bees-wax as much as will make it up into a Salve A Salve to draw Corruption from the bottom of any Wound or to draw a Swelling or any such grievance to a head Take Turpentine half a pound Linseed-oyl half a pint Chalk beaten to Powder an ounce the Juyce of Orpin half a quartern Galbanum two ounces and Oyl of Vitriol a dram make them into a Salve and apply them to the place grieved and in so doing you will find your expectation answered To ripen a Tumour or asswage any Swelling not abounding with extraordinary humours Take the fat of an Urchin or Hedge-hog four ounces Tarr two ounces old Cheese well beaten in a Mortar four ounces the Juyce of Garlick half a quarter of a pint Bees-wax six ounces and Stone-pitch six ounces make them into a Salve and apply the Plaster on a piece of Sheeps-leather An excellent Poultis for a Tumour or Swelling Take Linseed-oyl half a pint the Whites of six Eggs Bole-armorick two ounces Groundsel and Smallage of each a handfull well bruised in a Mortar Celendine and Comfory the like quantity so ordered fry them together and lay them on as hot as may be This either allays the swelling if only fleshly occasioned by a stroke or Saddle-pinching or brings it to head in case it proceeds from humours gathering oâ— contracting in one place A Charge to ease a pain in the Back or for any Sprain Take new Cow-dung four ounces the roots oâ— Burdock two ounces washed and sliced Borage and Bugloss of each a handfull Oyl of Bays six ounces bruise them well together and heating them over the fire suffer them to be as hot as may be well endured and apply them as a Poultis To mollifie any Chap or rough Sore Take Comfory the roots of Scabeous and the leaves of Plantane boil them in Olive-oyl being first well bruised to a softness then add Neatsfoot-oyl half the quantity of the Olive-oyl and then strain off the Liquid part and with it anoint the place grieved For the Eyes of a Horse afflicted by any means an approved Water to cure or ease them Take of the Juyce of Pimpernel and Eyebright of each a like quantity both consisting of half a pint add to them the Powder of Lapis Calaminaris quenched in White-wine an ounce and as much of the Powder of burnt Allom two drams of the Calcine of Crabs-eyes and as much of the powder'd pith of Oysters dip a feather in them well mingled by stirring and rub it so dipped into the Eyes A Water to Wash the Mouth in case of any Sorrance or defect Take spring-Spring-water a pottle Roach-Allom a pound and English Honey the like quantity dissolve them â—nto the Water over a gentle fire and add half a pint of the Juyce of Hysop and the like quantity of that of Celendine or Vervine boil them to the consumption of a third part and with the Water wash the Horse's mouth as you see occasion A Pill good for any Internal disorder c. Take of Alloes Epatick half an ounce Powder of Ruburb the like quantity the Juyce of Water-cresses half a quarter of a pint and the Berries of Juniper dried and beaten into Powder an ounce make these with the Oyl of Myrtle into Pills as big as hazle-nuts and give him four at a time successively in warm Ale or new Milk every morning A Supplement exceeding good for any strain or grief in the Sinews c. Take Bacon Lard half a pound the Oyl or Oyntment of Smallage two ounces black Snails a handfull the Powder of Mastick two ounces bruise and incorporate them and so apply them to the place grieved A Vomit for a Horse that has a Queesy stomach thereby to render him a good Appetite Take Spurg-lawrel
circle and at other times where he began shifting likewise as you see convenient your hand and mending your pace obliging him upon a full stop to retire a pace or two backward and so from a Trot you may fall to the Gallop ever observing that Galloping to the right he leads with his left foot and so consequently Galloping to the left that he leads to the right and in so doing he will perform it with ease and delight when on the contrary if he carrys both his feet even leading with neither he must do it with pain and be apt sometimes to strike and this is ever best in case of a full speed upon a straight Course and so in using convenient Bitts and Furniture and keeping a steady hand you may stop him upon a full career and oblige him suddenly to retire if any imminent danger be apparent or sometimes for your pleasure and by such-like management you may bring him to the Turnings and strait Turns with little difficulty and indeed perfect him for any considerable Exercise in the performance of which he ought likewise to be considered more than what I have formerly mentioned When you intend your Horse for Travel Sport or the like more than what I have already given directions as to Managing that he may well endure and answer your expectation Observe to dress him over-night in the same manner as has been directed for the Running-horse and having by you Dog's-grease or Neatsfoot-oyl anoint him therewith especially his Joynts suppling it in with your warm hands or a warm cloth and in so comforting the Nerves and Sinews you will oblige the Horse to hold out much the better and in the morning give him three quarts of well-sifted Oats sweet and good with a quart of Beans split and the husks taken off and after them a quart of Ale And so being Accoutered to your mind Ride him forth a Racking-pace till you find his Joynts very plyable which will be within a Mile or two Riding then mend his pace and by degrees put him to either Amble Trot or Gallop as best shall please you till you come to your Inn. Being come to the end of your Stage if the Horse sweat take off his cloaths by degrees and with a piece of broken Sword Scithe or edged Lath scrape him all over and after that rub him with dry wisps or woollen cloths then pass your hand over him cleanse his Pasterns and Fetlocks from dirt and gravel pick his feet and cast a cloth over him and give him his potion of meat which must be a third part more at least than what his usual allowance is when he stands still and if you find him very hot within you may give him Water and Ale a like quantity both being a little warmed especially in Winter-time and anoint his Limbs with the same materials and in the same manner I have before mentioned and if you find his breath short give him an ounce of Hemp-seed well bruised in a glass of Canary or warm Ale ever forbearing to wash your Horse when he is hot that is to Ride him into a Pond or the like but rather if he be exceeding dirty warm a Pail full of Water and with wisps rub him gently clean or having first rubbed off the dirt with dry wisps you may cleanse the rest with a Brush And thus much I thought fit to lay down as a supplement to what has been formerly spoken not much different in the cases of Ordering and Management and so proceed to Particulars and Generals of another nature though tending to the same center CHAP. II. How the Jockies make old Horses look young A lean Horse artificially and naturally how fatned by Jockies A Remedy for Restiffness Neighing and the vice of Lying down in the Water the Art of making Stars Snips Blazes setting on false Ears Tails Manes c. with a discovery of many other secrets To make a Horse that is really old seem young RUb his Teeth with a Pumice-stone and the Powder of burnt Allom which rendring them white take a small Iron which being crook'd for the purpose burn in the tops of the two foremost Teeth small holes so big that a Wheat-corn may enter on each side the neither Jaw and on the Tushes do the like fining them with a Bodkin till the black Scale come off and the Teeth in that place look brighter than in another which done if the pits above the Eyes be hollow with a sharp Pen-knife or Lancet slit the skin being before raised and hollowing it as much as you can by the working of your fingers put into the slit a Duck or Crow-quill and blow them up one after another that the hollowness may fill with wind which entring into the Cavities of the skin will after having been stopped up for a time with a Plaster of Diaculum or Bees-wax fix there till by sweat or extraordinary labour it works out If the Temples are crooked which is a sign of Age lay to either of them a Poultis of Hemlock and Cammomoil fryed in Linseed-oyl and it will so far contract the blood to fill them that for many days they will appear strait And then for the Hoof which in case of Age will bâ— seamed or rugged Take a Rasp or File and havinâ— well smoothed it anoint it well with Oyl of Turpentine for a day or two and it will look very comely But in this case the Horse must be disposed of withiâ— a week at the farthest or else the defects will return A Horse subject to lye down in the Water how to remedy it In this case you must consider the Horse to be of 〈◊〉 hot constitution begotten or produced under the fire Signs of Leo or Scorpio or else much overflowed with Choler and therefore ever desirous to cool himself and thereby rendred in a manner unserviceable which Vice to remedy Ride him into a water up to his Knees and suffer him to lye down then having three or four lusty fellows ready with Boots on let them seize his head and hold it under water whilst another beats and belabours him And this do till you find the Horse almost stifled and in repeating it three or four times the terror of it will so work that the Horse will fly from the water more than ever he coveted it and hardly suffer himself to be watered unless in a Pail or Trough This likewise may be remedied by Bleeding and Purging your Horse Spring and Fall whereby the Humours that occasion the extraordinary heat and disorder may not be wanting whereon to feed or contract having the power and force of inflaming his body c. A Tired or Restiff Horse to remedy For the first of these being subject to Tire without â—ny extraordinary cause stamp a handfull of Nettles and pour the Juyce into either of his Ears and then take a couple of small peble-stones and put in after â—t tying or sewing up the Ears as advantageously