in maner vnder the same qualitie of heauen persysted wyllyngly in the same opinion with more confidence then consideration of the thynges whereof we nowe intreate so lyghtly was that opinion receyued as touchyng the vnhabitable clime vnder the poles But we with better confidence and faith forasmuche as we are not instructed with coniectures intend to stande against the sentence of the olde autours affirmyng the North regions within the colde clime to be inhabited with herrynges coddes haddockes and brettes tunnyes and other great fyshes with thinfinite number whereof tables are furnyshed through a great parte of Europe All whiche are taken in the North sea extended beyonde our knoweledge This sea at certayne tymes of the yeere poureth foorth his plentifulnes or rather driueth foorth his increase to seeke newe mansions and are here taken in theyr passage Furthermore also euen the mouthes of the riuer of Tiber receiued a fyshe as a newe gest sent from the north sea this swamme twise through Fraunce and twise through Spayne ouerpassed the Ligurion and Tuscan sea to communicate her selfe to the citie of Rome The lakes also and ryuers of those regions are replenyshed with fyshe insomuch that no power of colde is able to extinguyshe thincrease of the yeere folowing and the succession reparable so many hundred yeeres And I plainely thinke that if it should of necessitie folowe that one of these two elementes the earth and the water should be destructiue to lyuyng creatures the water shoulde chiefely haue wrought this effecte But this is founde so tractable that in the depe wynter both that increase is brought foorth and fyshing is also exercised The lande is lykewise inhabited with like plentifulnesse But that we wander not to farre let the fayth hereof rest in thexposition folowing wherin we intend to declare howe by the power of nature and industry of man this commoditie may come to passe Therefore as touchyng nature we suppose that the diuine prouidence hath made nothyng vncommunicable but to haue geuen suche order to all thynges wherby euery thyng may be tollerable to the next The extremities of the elementes consent with theyr next The ayre is grosse about the earth and water but thynne and hot about the fyre By this prouidence of nature the vttermost sea is very salt And salt as witnesseth Plinie yeldeth the fattnesse of Oyle But Oyle by a certayne natyue heate is of propertie agreeable to fyre The sea then beyng al of such qualitie powreth foorth it selfe farre vpon thextreeme landes whereby by reason of the saltnesse thereof it moueth and stirreth vp generatiue heate as by fatnesse it norisheth the fecunditie of thynges generate It geueth this fruitefulnesse to the earth at certayne floods although the earth also it selfe haue in his inner bowels the same lyuely and norishing heate wherby not only the Dennes Caues and hollow places but also spryngs of water are made warme this so much the more in how muche the wynter is more vehement This thyng doth more appeare by this example that the mountaines of Norway and Swethlande are fruitfull of metales in the which siluer and copper are concoct and molten into veines â–ª which can scarcely by done in fornaces By this reason also the vapoures and hot exhalations pearsyng the earth and the waters and through both those natures breathyng foorth into the ayre temperateth the qualitie of heauen maketh it tollerable to beasts as witnesseth the huge bygnesse of the Whales in those seas with the strength of body and long lyfe of such beastes as lyue on the land which thyng coulde not be except all thyngs were there commodiously norished by the benefite of the heauen and the ayre For nothyng that in the tyme of encrease is hyndred by any iniurie or that is euyl fedde al the tyme it lyueth can prosper wel Neyther are such thynges as liue there offended with theyr natural wynter as though an Egiptian or Ethiopian were sodenly conueighed into those cold regions For they were in long tyme by litle and litle brought fyrst acquaynted with the nature of that heauen as maye be prooued both by the lyfe of man and by the hystorie of holy scripture They that were led from Mesopatamia and that famous Tower of Babilon towards the North partes of the worlde in the fyrst dispertion of nations did not immediately passe to the extreme boundes but planted theyr habitations first vnder a myddle heauen between both as in Thracia and Pontus where theyr posteritie was accustomed the better to susteyne the rigour of Scythia and Tanais as he that commeth from winter to sommer may the better after abyde yse and snow beyng fyrst hardened thereto by the frostes of Autumne In lyke maner mortal men accustomed to beare the hardnesse of places next vnto them were thereby at the length more confirmed to sustayne the extremities And here also if any sharpnesse remaine that may seeme intollerable nature hath so prouided for the same with other remedies For the land and sea hath geuen vnto beastes deepe and large Caues Dennes and other hollowe places and secreete corners in mountaynes and rockes both on the land and by sea banckes in the which are euer conteyned warme vapoures so muche the more intent and vehement in how much they are the more constrayned by extreeme cold Nature hath also geuen valleyes diuerted and defended from the North windes She hath lykewyse couered beastes with heare so muche the thycker in how much the vehemencie of cold is greater by reason wherof the best and richest furres are brought from those regions as Sables whose pryce is growne to great excesse next vnto gold and precious stones and are esteemed princely ornamentes The beasts that beare these furres are hunted cheefelye in winter whiche thyng is more strange because their heare is then thicker and cleaueth faster to the skin How greeuous then shal we thinke the wynter to be there where this litle beast liueth so wel and where the hunters may search the Dennes and hauntes of such beastes through the woods and snow But such beastes the condition of whose bodies is so tender that they are not able to abide thiniurie of the cold either lye hyd in winter or change their habitation as do certaine beasts also in our clime Nature hath furthermore geuen remedie to man both by art and industry to defende him selfe both abrode and at home Abrode with a thicke vesture and the same well dowbeled At home with large fyers on Harthes Chymneyes and in Stooues for the daye with close Chaumbers and Couches soft and warme Beddes for the nyght by whiche remedies they mittigate the wynters which seeme rigorous to straungers although they are to thinhabitantes more tollerable then our opinion as in deede by the fyrst naturall mixture or composition of theyr bodies such thyngs are agreeable to them as seeme very hard to other The Lion
to the I le of Palmes Grancanaria Fortisuentura The Iland of Gomera Teneriffa Snowe The coast of Barbarie Cape blanke The ryuer of de Oro. The Crosâ—ers or crosse sâ—arres â–ª Rio Grande Cape Mensurado The ryuer of Sesto The ryuer of Sesto Rio Dulce Cape de monte Cape de las Palmas The land of Cakeado Shauo Croke Sainct Vincentes harborowe The riuer Dulce Cape de las Palmas The coast of Guinea The castell of Arra The towne of Samma The pledge was syr Iohn yoâ—k his neuew Cape Corea The castell of mina parteynyng to the kyng of Portugale Perecowe Perecowe grands Monte rodondâ— The currantes From Mina homewarde Rio de los Potos Iuerye Cabe de las Palmes Currantes The Ilede Flora. The I le of Coruo Where they lost the sight of the North starre Howe the compasse doeth varie The Primrose The towne of Samma Golde Golde foure hundred weight Graynes Eleuantes teeth The head of an Elephant The contemplations of Gods workes The description and properties of the Elephant Debate betweene the Elephant and the Dragon Sanguis Draconis Cinnabaris Three kyndes of Elephantes Woorkes of Iuery The people of Africa Libia Interior Getulia Ethiopes Nigrite The ryuer Nigritis or Senega A straÌ„ge thyng Garamantes People of Libia Prester Iohn Regnum Orguene Gambra Guinea or Cap. Perde The Portugales nauigations to Brasile Ethiopia The Ilande of Meroe The queene of Saba Prester Iohn Emperour of Ethiopia People of the east syde of Africa Ephiophagi People without heades Myrre Azania Regnum Melinde Ethiopia Interior Whyte Elephantes Habasia Ichthiophagi An thropophagi Montes Lunae Gazatia Cape bonae Spei Aphrica without cold The wynter of Africa Flames of fyre noyse in the ayre The myddle region of the ayre is cold The stryfe of elementes Wynde The heate of the Moone The nature of the starres Spoutes of water falling out of the aire Carractes of heauen Vehement motions in the sea A straunge thyng The power of nature They rase theyr skynnes Fyne iewelles A braslet Shackels Rynges Dogs chaines of golde A musk cat Their houses Their feeding Fleyng fyshes A strange thyng Their bread Theyr wheats The Sunne Theyr drynke Graynes â–ª Shelles that cleaue to shyps Barnacles Bromas A secrete The death of our men Colde may be better abiden then heate The same was also called Memphis in tyme past Mamalukes Mahumetans Ienezzari Syria Phoenicia Sainct George and the Dragon Tripoli Alepo or Antioch The mount Taurus The mount Olympus Azamia Mesapotamia Persia Damasco Sainct Helene the mother of Constantine the Emperour Christians Greekes Hexarchatus is a principate or gouerment The Soltan of Syrya A strange maner to demaund a subside Theyr churches The bodie of the Prophet Zacharias The place of the conuersion of Sainct Paule The prison of Sainct Paule The place wher Cain slue Abel The Mamalukes wages Howe the Mamalukes abuse women The women of Damasco Chaunge of husbandes and wyues The Mahumetans wiues Gotes mylke Mussheromes Asia the lesse nowe named Natolia or Turchia Christians of Damasco Carauana a companie of Cameles Mamaluchi renegadi Mezaris The prince Zambei in Arabia The Prince of Ierusalem A Prince a theefe Mares The Arabians lyue by robbery Houses 〈◊〉 on Camels backs Tentes and pauilions â–ª This for feare of the Arabians From Damasco to Mecha Perhaps with the sounde of a Horne of Trumpet Water The Burden of the Camelles The feeblenesse of the Arabians Pagans The actiuitie of the Mamalukes Manna turned in bitter plagues Lacke of water Water deerely bought So did Abraham with the Philistians So doeth the Turke his army Iewes Pigmet The citie of Medinathalhabi The Toombe or Sepulchre of Mahumet Mahumet was not buried in Mecha Mahumets Librarie Nomothetae Turcarum This Hali our men that haue been in Persia call Mortus Hali That is Saint Hali. Discorde and sectes of religion among the Mahumetans Turkes and Persians Note Such come such câ—affe Not only among Turkes and 〈◊〉 Sed. Nabi â–ª iâ— the 〈◊〉 of Mahumet A great price for vilâ— marchandies Suche people suche priest My lorde bishop of Mecha It semeth that they know not where he was buryed The deuyll he was Thriâ—â— at the feete of Mahumet Mahumet shal ryse â–ª c. with Iuda False miracles to confirme false religion Neophiti Sic ne respondes pontifiâ—i The â—able that Mahumets Toombe hangeth in the ayre Iourney on the lande by carde and compasse as on the sea The fountaine of Sainct Marke the Euangelist The sea of sande Mare fabulosum Momia Momia of kynges bodies embalmed Mont Sinai The den where Mahumet liued in contemplation Mecha The kingdome of Mecha Mecha whiche Abraham Oâ—telius calleth Mecca The Soltan of Mecha Sacrifice to Abraham and Isaac Mecha cursed of god Water very deare The ryuer Nilus The red sea Arabia Faelix Many pylgrymes and strangers at Mecha Why so many nations 〈◊〉 to Mecha The temple of Mecha A Turret in the Temple of Mecha A gate of siluer Balsame or balme A chappel with a well in it in the Temple A straunge baptisme for remission of synnes Good meaning sufficeth not The house of Abraham Sacrifice to Abraham Sacrifice of sheepe Religion for pouertie Cadi a preacher A goodly sermon Soldiers trouble the word of God Where Abraham sacrifyced his sonne Isaac The Diuell appeareth to Isaac Isaac wounded the Deuyll in the forehead Stocke doues of the progenie of the Doue whiche spake in Mahumets eare Monoceros The Vnicornes The Vnicorns horne Why Mecha is not so much frequented as in tyme paste The dominion of the Kyng of Portugale in the East partes Hipocrisie Paying of custome to the Soltan The realme of Decham in India Affliction cooleth lechery The citie of Zida Poore Pilgryms that came from Mecha From Arabia to Persia. The red sea The citie of Gezan Of the citie of Aden looke Cap. 13. Bying and sellyng by nyght The Aucthour taken and put in prison Picade the Moonke writeth that Christians are founde in all regions sauing in Arabia and Egypt where they are most hated 〈◊〉 â—oordes of them that profâ—sse the religion of Mahumet Soldiers horsemen of Christian Ethiopians of the dominioÌ„ of Presbiter Iohannes Abbyssini vnder Prester Iohn A gard of fourescore thousand blacke men Targettes Slynges Counterfet madnesse Sheepe with exceedyng great tayles A Sheepe made a mahumetan Hunger maketh appetite Madnesse taken for holynesse Heremytes Mahumetans A holy vowe A holy saint The fleete of India Strife and hatred for religioÌ„ and all worth nought Mortus Hali as the Persians call hym As muche gold as wyll lade a hundred Camels A sheepes tayle of .44 pounde weyght Grapes without graynes Men of long lyfe in temperate ayre An armye of fourescore thousand men Strong walles Anthopophagus Roses Suger The Soltan of Arabia felix A pitiful pagan A great familye Of Aden reade the fourth cap. Monkeys and Lions Danger of wilde beasts Tempest The viage to Persia. Ethiope Rubricke Golde Iuery Blacke slaues Presbiter Iohannes kyng of Iacobins
thousande pounde of our money The starres about the south pole A similitude declaryng Antipodes The maner of of fyshyng for pearles Petrus Arias Wanton and superfluous pleasures The fyshyng place of kyng Chiapes Gold in maner in euery house The rych treasury of nature The golde mynes of Dariena King Teaocha enterteyneth Vaschus frendly Twenty pound weyght of wrought gold Desartes ful of wylde beastes Dryed fyshe Kyng Pacra a tyraunt Great heate in the moneth of Nouember Hurt by wylde beastes A Tyger Calidonia is a forrest in Scotlande Nemea is a wood in Greece Tigers whelpes Thus the Egiptians take Crocodiles The dogge tyger taken The roryng of the tyger Tigers flesh eaten The biâ—the tyger Tigers whelpes A straunge thyng Kyng Pacra Natural hatred of vice Foure Kynges deuoured of dogges The vse of dogges in warre against naked men The Canibales are expert archers Swoordes of wood Fiftie pound weight of gold Kyng Bononiama frend to the christians Wrought gold The oration of kyng Bononiama The sparke of the lawe of nature is the lawe written in the hartes of men Great plenty of golde A symilitude for the profe of plentye of golde Chaunge of dyet is daungerous Old souldiers A long lent Comogrus Two poore kynges Desartes Vessels of golde kyng Chiorisus sendeth Vaschus xxx dyshes of pure golde Axes of Iron more esteemed then any golde Plenty of gold and scarcenesse of meate A good policie The cause of vehement windes neere the Equinocciall Vaschus his Wordes to King Tumanama Oderuut quem metuunt Xxx. pounde weight of wrought gold Threescore poundes weight of gold They abhorrce labour The coloure of the golden earth and a triall of the same Tokens of great plentle of gold Feeblenesse of hunger and watching The riuer Comogrus Vaschus returneth to Dariena The good fortune of Vaschus O flatteryng fortune looke his death in the booke of the Iland lately found The earth is our generall mother The cout of infernal Pluto Manhuntees The fyersnessâ— of the Canibales Our duty to god and naturall loue to mankinde The office of Christian princes The haruest is great The fourth nauigation of Colonus the Admiral From Spaine to Hispaniola a thousande and two hundred leagues Simple people A great marchaunt Gentle people The regions of Tuia Maia Seuen kyndes of date trees Wilde vines Mirobalanes Byrdes and foules People of goodly stature They poynt theyr bodyes The swyft course of the sea from the East to the West Freshe water in the sea Fayre ryuers Great reedes Great Tortoyses Quatuor tempora The region of Quicuri The hauen of Cariai or Mirobalanus Ciuile and humane people Trees growing in the sea after a strange sort Plinie A strange kynd of Monkeys A Monkey fyghteth with a man A conflyct betwene a Monkey and a wyld Bore The bodyes of kynges dryed and reserued Crownes of beastes clawes Spytefull people Guns make peace Seuen golden ryuers Note wher the plentie of gold endeth Crocodiles of sweet sauour Alcayr or Babylon in Egypt Shyppes eaten with wormes Alexandria in Egypt Howe the kyng of Beragua entertayned the Lieuetenant Their reuereÌ„ce to their kyng Slynges and dartes Libertie more esteemed then ryches The Spanyardes are dryuen to flyght A miserable case Necessitie hath no lawe Howe farre life is to be estemed Sanctus Dominicus Landes founde by Colonus Themperat regions and holsome ayre Expert miners A godly nature in golde Golden haruest High and great mountaynes Tirrhenum is nowe called Tuscane The mouÌ„tayns of Beragua higher then the cloudes Mountaynes of fiftie myles heyght Ianus otherwase called Iaphet the son of Noe. By this coniecture the way shoulde open to Cathai by the Hiperboreans Looke the nauigation of Cabote Deca iii. lib. vi The great riuer Maragnonus The great riuer Dabaiba or sancti Iohannes The riuers haue theyr increase from the sprynges of the mountaynes The ryuer of Nilus in Egypt Maryshes and desolate wayes A superstitious opinion of the originall of the mountaynes of Dabaiba Dragons and Crocodiles in the maryshes The hauen Cerabaro Twentie golden ryuers Precious stones A precious Diamond of exceeding bignes Topasis The nauigation of Petrus Arias The Ilande of Canarie Prouision of freshe water and fuel The sea of hearbes These mountaines are called Montes Niuales or Serra Neuata Decade .ii. lib. 1. and .ii. Mountaynes couered with snowe The stoutnes of the Barbarians The Canibales fight in the water The vse of gunnes The generation of thunder and lyghtning Plentie of fysh Cunning fyshers Tapistrie This is he whom Cardanus praiseth Precious stones The Smaradge is the true Hâ—merode Another kynde of Amber is founde in Whales Golde and Brasile Marchasites are flowres of mettals by the colours whereof the kyndes of mettals are knowen These Locustes burne the corne with touching and deuoure the residue They are in India of three foote length Gardens Insubres are nowe called Lumbardes and Hetruci Tuscans One myriade is ten thousande The manner of plantyng the roote Iucca Earth turned into rootes Howe bread is made of rootes Panicum is a grayne somewhat lyke mil The Italians cal it Melica He meaneth the equal length of day and nyght which is continualy in regions vnder the Equinoctiall line Holsome ayre Gossampine Cotton Fethers Bowes and arrowes Dead bodies reserued Gonzalus Ouiâ—dus sayeth that they gylt marueylously with the iuce of a certayne hearbe White marble The great riuer Maragnonus This ioyneth with the mighty riuer called Flumen Amazonum founde of late Clokes of fethers The swift course of the water Fourtie leagues in one nyght Sundry opinions why the sea runneth with so swyft course from the East into the West The Equinoctial line Why al waters moue towarde the south or Equinoctial read Cardanus ae subtilit liber ii de elementis Strayghtes As by the strayght of Magelanus The north landes The frosen sea Sebastian Cabot The voyage of Sebastian Cabot from Englande to the frosen sea Demogorgon is the spirite of the earth People couered with beastes skynnes The Ilandes of the Canybales The Ilande Fortis Salte A strange thing Howe Vaschus receiued the newe gouernour Habitable regions vnder the Equinoctiall line Where the new gouernour planteth his habitation A passinger shyp Decurians are officers deuided into tennes c. The gold mines of Dabaiba An errour The region of Saturma The Ilande of Dominica Difficult saylyng agaynst the course of the sea The daungerous straightes of Scylla and Charibdis The vehement course of the sea from the east to the west By what meanes the Sonne beames are cause of feruent heate The pernitious ayre of Dariena Toades and Flees engendred of drops of water Necessitie hath no lawe A house set on fyre with lightnyng A dogge deuoured of a Crocodile Tanquam canis de Nilo The bytyng of Battes Lions and Tygers Beastes waxe higher in theyr kynde Note Broma or Bissa are wormes which destroy shyppes A venemous tree Perhaps their venemous arrows are made of this wood A preseruatiue against poison The Ilandes of the
mountaynes be cutte it groweth agayne within the space of foure dayes hygher then wheate And forasmuche as many showres of rayne doo fall in this region whereof the ryuers and flooddes haue theyr encrease in euery of the whiche golde is founde myxt with sande in all places they iudge that the golde is dryuen from the mountaynes by the vehement course of the streames whiche fall from the same and runne into the ryuers The people of this region are geuen to idlenesse and play for suche as inhabite the mountaynes syt quakyng for colde in the Wynter season and had rather to wander vp and downe idelly then take the paynes to make them apparell where as they haue wooddes full of Gossampine cotton but suche as dwell in the valles or playnes feele no colde in Wynter When the Admirall had thus searched the beginning of the region of Cibana he repayred to Isabella for so he named the citie where leauyng the gouernaunce of the Ilande with his deputies he prepared hym selfe to search further the limittes of the Ilande of Cuba or Iohanna whiche he yet doubted to be the firme lande and distant from Hispaniola only .lxx. myles This dyd he with more speedye expedition callyng to remembraunce the kynges commaundement who wylled hym fyrst with al celeritie to ouerrunne the coastes of the new Ilandes lest any other prince shoulde in the meane time attempt to inuade the same for the kyng of Portugale affirmed that it parteyned only to him to discouer these vnknowen landes but the bishop of Rome Alexander the sixt to auoyde the cause of this dissention graunted to the kyng of Spayne by the aucthoritie of his leaden bulles that no other prince shoulde be so bolde as to make any voyages to any of these vnknowen regions lying without the precinct of a direct lyne drawen from the North to the South a hundred leagues Westwarde without the paralels of the Ilandes called Capud Viride or Cabâ—uerde whiche we thinke to be those that in olde tyme were called Hesperides these parteyne to the kyng of Portugale and from these his Pylotes whiche do yeerely searche newe coastes and regions directe theyr course to the East saylyng euer towarde the left hande by the backe of Aphrike and the seas of the Ethiopians neyther to this day had the Portugales at any tyme sayled Southwarde or Westwarde from the Ilandes of Cabouerde Preparing therfore three shyppes he made haste towarde the Ilande of Iobanna or Cuba whyther he came in short space and named the poynt therof where he fyrste arryued Alpha and O that is the fyrste and the last for he supposed that there had ben the ende of our East because the sonne falleth there and of the West because it ryseth there For it is apparant that Westwarde it is the beginning of India beyonde the ryuer of Ganges and Eastwarde the furthest ende of the same whiche thyng is not contrary to reason forasmuche as the Cosmographers haue left the lymittes of India beyond Ganges vndetermined where as also some were of opinion that India was not farre from the coastes of Spaine as we haue said before Within the prospect of the beginnyng of Cuba he founde a commodious hauen in the extreme angle of the Ilande of Hispaniola for in this part the Ilande receiueth a great goulfe this hauen he named Saint Nicholas porte beyng scarcely twentie leagues from Cuba As he departed from hence and sayled Westward by the South syde of Cuba the further that he went so muche the more the sea seemed to be extended in breadth and to bende towarde the South On the South syde of Cuba he founde an Ilande whiche the inhabitauntes call Iamaica this he affirmeth to be longer broder then the Iland of Scicile hauyng in it only one mountaine which on euery part beginning from the sea ryseth by litle and litle into the myddest of the Ilande and that so playnely without roughnesse that such as goe vp to the toppe of the same can scarcely perceiue that they assende This Ilande he affyrmeth to be very fruiteful and ful of people aswel in thinner partes of the same as by the shore and that the inhabitantes are of quicker wytte then in the other Ilandes and more expert Artificers and warlyke men For in many places where he woulde haue aryued they came armed against him and forbode him with threatnyng wordes but beyng ouercome they made a league of frendshyp with hym Thus departing from Iamaica he sayled toward the West with a prosperous wynde for the space of threescore and tenne dayes thynking that he had passed so farre by the compasse of the earth being vnderneath vs that he had ben neare vnto Aurea Chersonesus nowe called Malaccha in our east India beyonde the begynnyng of Persides for he playnely beleeued that he had left only two of the twelue houres of the sunne which were vnknowen to vs for the olde wryters haue left halfe the course of the sunne vntouched where as they haue but only discussed that superficial parte of the earth whiche lyeth betweene the Ilandes of Gades and the ryuer of Ganges or at the vttermost to Aurea Chersonesus In this Nauigation he chaunced on many furious seas running with a fall as it had ben the streames of floods also many whyrlepooles and shelfes with many other dangers and strayghtes by reason of the multitude of ilandes whiche lay on euery syde But not regardyng al these perylles he determined to proceede vntil he had certaine knowledge whether Cuba were an ilande or firme lande Thus he sayled forward coastyng euer by the shore toward the West for the space of CC.xxii leagues that is about a thousande and three hundred myles and gaue names to seuen hundred ilandes by the way leauyng also on the left hande as he feared not to report three thousande here and there But let vs nowe returne to suche thynges as he founde woorthy to be noted in this nauigation Saylyng therefore by the syde of Cuba and searchyng the nature of the places he espyed not farre from Alpha and O a large hauen of capacitie to harborowe many shyppes whose entraunce is bendyng beyng inclosed on both sydes with capes or poyntes whiche receiue the water this hauen is large within and of exceedyng deapth Saylyng by the shore of this porte he sawe not farre from the same two cotages couered with reedes and in many places fyre kyndled Here he sent certayne armed men out of the shyppes to the cotages where they founde neyther man nor woman but rostemeate yenough for they founde certayne spyttes of wood lying at the fyre hauyng fyshe on them about a hundred pounde weight and two serpentes of eyght foote long apeece whereat marueylyng and lookyng about if they could espye any of the inhabitauntes and that none appeared in syght for they fledde al to the mountaynes at the commyng of our men
they fel to theyr meate and ate the fyshe taken with other mens trauayle but they absteyned from the serpentes which they affirme to differ nothing from the Crocodiles of Egypt but only in bygnesse for as Plinie sayth Crocodiles haue sometymes ben found of .xviii. cubits long but of these the biggest were but of eyght foote Thus being wel refreshed they entred into the next wood where they found many of the same kynde of serpentes hanging vpon boughes of trees of the whiche some had theyr mouthes tyed with strynges and some theyr teeth taken out And as they searched the places neare vnto the hauen they sawe about .lxx. men in the top of a hygh rocke whiche fled as soone as they had espyed our men who by signes and tokens of peace callyng them agayne there was one which came neare them and stoode on the toppe of a rocke seemyng as though he were yet fearefull but the Admiral sent one Didacus to hym a man of the same countrey whom he had at his fyrste voyage taken in the ilande of Guanahaini being neare vnto Cuba wyllyng hym to come neare and not to be afraide When he hearde Didacus speake to hym in his owne tongue he came boldly to hym and shortly after resorted to his company perswading them to come without al feare After this message was done there dessended from the rockes to the shyps about threescore and ten of the inhabitantes profering frendship and gentlenesse to our men whiche the Admiral accepted thankfully and gaue them diuers rewardes and that the rather for that he had intelligence by Didacus the interpreter that they were the kynges fyshers sent of theyr lorde to take fyshe agaynst a solemne feast whiche he prepared for another kyng And whereas the Admiralles men had eaten the fyshe whiche they lefte at the fyre they were the gladder therof because they had lefte the serpentes for there is nothing among theyr delicate dysshes that they esteeme so muche as these serpentes in so muche that it is no more lawfull for common people to eate of them then Peacockes or Phesantes among vs as for the fyshes they doubted not to take as many more the same nyght Beyng asked why they fyrste rosted the fyshe whiche they entended to beare to theyr kyng they answeared that they myght be the fresher and vncorrupted Thus ioynyng handes for a token of further frendshyp euerye man resorted to his owne The Admirall went forwarde as he had appoynted folowyng the fallyng of the sunne from the beginning of Cuba called Alpha and O the shores or sea bankes euen vnto this hauen albeit they be full of trees yet are they rough with mountaines of these trees some were full of blossomes and flowres and other laden with fruites Beyonde the hauen the lande is more fertile and populus whose inhabitantes are more gentle and more desyrous of our thynges for as soone as they had espied our shyppes they flocked all to the shore bryngyng with them suche bread as they are accustomed to eate and gourdes ful of water offeryng them vnto our men and further desyryng them to come alande In al these Ilandes is a certaine kinde of trees as bigge as Elmes whiche beare Gourdes in the steade of fruites these they vse only for drynkyng pottes and to fetche water in but not for meate for the inner substance of them is sowrer then gall and the barke as harde as any shell At the Ides of May the watchmen lookyng out of the top castle of the shyp towarde the South sawe a multitude of Ilandes standyng thycke togeather being al wel replenished with trees grasse and hearbes and well inhabited in the shore of the continent he chaunced into a nauigable riuer whose water was so hot that no man might endure to abyde his hande therein anye time The day folowing espying a farre of a Canoa of fyshermen of the inhabitantes fearyng lest they shoulde flee at the syght of our men he commaunded certayne to assayle them priuily with the ship boates but they fearing nothing taryed the commyng of our men Nowe shall you heare a newe kynde of fyshyng Lyke as we with Greyhoundes do hunt Hares in the playne feeldes so doo they as it were with a hunting fishe take other fishes this fyshe was of shape or fourme vnknowen vnto vs but the bodye thereof not muche vnlyke a great yee le hauyng on the hynder parte of the head a very tough skynne lyke vnto a great bagge or purse this fyshe is tyed by the syde of the boate with a corde let downe so farre into the water that the fishe may lye close hid by the keele or bottome of the same for she may in no case abyde the syght of the ayre Thus when they espye any great fyshe or Tortoyse wherof there is great abundance bygger then great targettes they let the corde at length but when she feeleth her selfe loosed she inuadeth the fyshe or Tortoyse as swiftly as an arrowe and where she hath once fastened her holde she casteth the purse of skynne whereof we spake before and by drawyng the same togeather so graspeleth her pray that no mans strength is suffycient to vnloose the same excepte by lytle and lytle drawyng the lyne she be lyfted somwhat aboue the brymme of the water for then as sone as she seeth the brightnesse of the ayre she letteth goe her holde The praye therfore beyng nowe drawen nere to the brymme of the water there leapeth sodenly out of the boate into the sea so manye fyshers as may suffice to holde fast the praye vntyll the rest of the company haue taken it into the boate Whiche thyng doone they loose so muche of the corde that the huntyng fyshe may agayne returne to her place within the water where by an other corde they let downe to her a peece of the pray as we vse to rewarde greyhoundes after they haue kylled theyr game This fyshe they cal Guaicanum but our men cal it Reuersum They gaue our men foure Tortoyses taken by this meanes and those of suche byggenesse that they almost fylled theyr fyshyng boate for these fyshes are esteemed among them for delycate meate Our men recompensed them agayne with other rewardes and so let them depart Beyng asked of the compasse of that lande they aunsweared that it had no ende westwarde Most instantly they desyred the Admirall to come a lande or in his name to sende one with them to salute theyr Cazicus that is their kyng affirmyng that he woulde geue our men many presentes yf they would goe to hym But the Admirall lest he shoulde be hindered of the voyage whiche he had begunne refused to goe with them Then they desyred to knowe his name and tolde our men lykewise the name of theyr king Thus sayling on yet further euer towarde the West within fewe dayes he came nere vnto a certayne excedyng high mountayne wel inhabyted by reason of the
he felte the fleshe thereof to be so delycate to his tongue he fel to amayne without al feare the whiche thyng his companions perceiuing were not behinde hym in greedynesse insomuch that they had now none other talke then of the sweetenesse of these serpentes which they affyrme to be of more pleasaunt taste then eyther our Phesantes or Partriches but they lose theyr taste except they be prepared after a certayne fashion as doo Peacockes and Phesantes except they be enterlaâ—ded before they be rosted They prepare them therefore after this manner Fyrst taking out theyr bowelles euen from the throte to the thyghes they washe and rubbe theyr bodyes very cleane both within without then rolling them together on a circle inuolued after the manner of a sleepyng snake they thruste them into a pot of no bigger capacitie then to holde them only this done putting a litle water vnto them with a portion of the Ilande Pepper they seethe them with a soft fyre of sweete wood and suche as maketh no great smoke Of the â—atte of them beyng thus sodde is made an exceedyng pleasant broth or pottage They say also that there is no meate to be compared to the egges of these serpentes which they vse to seethe by them selues they are good to be eaten as soone as they are sodde and may also be reserued many dayes after But hauyng sayde thus much of their entertaynement and dayntie fare let vs nowe speake of other matters When the Lieuetenaunt had fylled one of the Ilande houses with the Gossampine cotton which he had receiued for tribute the kynges promysed furthermore to geue hym as muche of theyr bread as he woulde demaunde he gaue them hartie thankes and gently accepted theyr frendly proffer In the meane tyme whyle this bread was a geatheryng in sundry regions to be brought to the pallace of Beuchius Anachaucoa kyng of Xaragua he sent messengers to Isabella for one of the two Carauelles whiche were lately made there intendyng to send the same againe thither laden with bread The Maryners glad of these tydynges sayled about the Ilande and in shorte space brought the shyppe to the coastes of Xaragua The syster of kyng Beuchius Anacauchoa that wyse and pleasaunt woman Anacuona the wyfe sometyme of Caunaboa the kyng of the golden house of the mountaynes of Cibana whose husbande dyed in the way when he shoulde haue ben caryed into Spayne when she hearde say that our shyppe was arriued on the shore of her natiue countrey perswaded the king her brother that they both myght goe together to see it for the place where the shyppe lay was not paste .vi. myles distant from Xaragua They rested all nyght in the midway in a certayne vyllage in the which was the treasurie or iewel house of Anacaona Her treasure was neither golde siluer or pretious stones but only thynges necessary to be vsed as chayres stooles settels disshes potingers pottes pannes basons treyes and such other housholde stuffe and instrumentes workemanly made of a certayne blacke and harde shyning wood which that excellent learned phisition Iohn baptist Elisius affirmeth to be Hebene Whatsoeuer portion of wit nature hath geuen to the inhabitantes of these ilandes the same doth most appeare in these kynde of woorkes in which they shewe great art and cunnyng but those which this woman had were made in the iland of Guanabba situate in the mouth of the west syde of Hispaniola In these they graue the lyuely images of such phantasies as they suppose they see walke by nyght which the antiques called Lemures Also the images of men serpents beastes what so euer other thing they haue once seene What woulde you thinke moste noble prince that they coulde doo if they had the vse of Iron and steele For they only fyrst make these soft in the fyre afterwarde make them holowe and carue them with a certayne stone which they fynd in the ryuers Of stooles and chayres she gaue the Lieuetenaunt fourteene and of vesselles partayning to the table and kitchen shee gaue hym threescore some of wood and some of earth also gossampyne cotton redye spunne foure great bottomes of exceeding weight The day folowing when they came to the sea side where was an other village of the kynges the Lieuetenaunt commaunded the shyppe boate to be brought to the shore The kyng also had prepared two Canoas paynted after theyr maner one for hym selfe and certayne of his gentelmen an other for his sister Anacaona and her wayting women but Anacaona desyred to be caried in the shippe boate with the Lieuetenaunt When they nowe approched neare vnto the shippe certayne great peeces of ordinaunce were discharged of purpose the sea was fylled with thunder and the ayre with smoke they trembled and quaked for feare supposyng that the frame of the worlde had ben in daunger of fallyng but when they sawe the Lieuetenant laugh and looke chearefully on them they called agayne theyr spirites and when they yet drewe nearer to the shyp and hearde the noyse of the fluites shawlmes and drummes they were wonderfully astonied at the sweete harmonie thereof Entryng into the shyppe and beholdyng the foreshyp and the sterne the toppe castel the maste the hatches the cabbens the keele and the tacklynges the brother fyxyng his eyes on the syster and the syster on the brother they were both as it were dumme and amazed and wyste not what to say for to muche woondryng Whyle beholdyng these thyngs they wandered vp and downe the ship the Lieutenaunt commaunded the ankers to be loosed and the sayles to be hoysed vp Then were they further astonyshed when they saw so great a mole to mooue as it were by it selfe without ores and without the force of man for there arose from the earth suche a wynde as a man woulde haue wyshed for of purpose Yet furthermore when they perceiued the shippe to mooue sometime forwarde and sometyme backward sometyme toward the right hande and sometyme towarde the lefte and that with one winde and in manner at one instant they were at theyr wyttes ende for to much admiration These thynges finished and the shippes laden with bread and suche other rewardes they beyng also recompenced with other of our thynges he dismissed not onely the kyng Beuchius Anachauchoa and his syster but lykewise all theyr seruauntes women replenished with ioye wondering After this he hym selfe tooke his iorney by foote with his souldiers to the citie of Isabella where he was aduertised that one Roldanus Ximenus a noughty felowe whom before beyng his seruant he had preferred to be capitayne of the myners and labourers after made hym a Iudge in causers of controuersie had vsed hymselfe outragiously and was maliciously mynded against hym and further the cause of much mischiefe in his absence For kyng Guarionexius who a whyle before was pardoned of his former rebellion and persuaded the people to obey
discription hereof then is sayde of the henne when she seeth her young chycken inwrapped in towe or flaxe The breadth of that lande from the North Ocean to the south sea is only sixe dayes iourney by relation of the inhabitauntes The multitude therfore and greatnesse of the riuers on the one syde and on the other syde the narownesse of the lande bryng me into suche doubt howe it can come to passe that in so lytle a space of three dayes iourney measuryng from the high toppes of those mountaynes I doo not vnderstande howe so many and so great ryuers may haue recourse vnto this North sea for it is to be thought that as many do flow toward thinhabitants of the south These riuers of Vraba are but small in comparison of many other in those coastes for the Spanyardes say that in the tyme of Colonus they found and passed by an other riuer after this whose gulfe fallyng into y e sea they affirme to be litle lesse then a hundred myles in the fyrst coastes of Paria as we haue sayde elsewhere for they say that it falleth from the toppes of high mountaynes with so swyft and furious a course that by the violence and greatnesse thereof it dryueth backe the sea although it be rough enforced with a contrary wynd They al affirme lykewyse that in al the large tracte therof they felt no sowre or salt water but that all the water was freeshe sweete and apt to be drunke Thinhabitauntes call this ryuer Maragnonum and the regions adiacent to the same Mariatambal Camamorus and Paricora besyde those riuers whiche I haue named before as Darien â–ª Grandis Dabaiba Beragua Sancti Mathei Boius gatti Delagartos Gaira they which of late haue searched those coastes haue founde many other Deliberatyng therefore with me selfe from whence these mountaynes beyng so narowe and neare vnto the sea on both sydes haue suche great holowe caues or dennes of such capacitie and from whence they are fylled to cast foorth suche abundance of water hereof also askyng them the opinions of the inhabitauntes they affirme them to be of diuers iudgementes herein alleaging fyrst the greatnes of the mountaynes to be the cause whiche they say to be verye high whiche thyng also Colonus the first fynder thereof affirmeth to be true addyng thereunto that the paradise of pleasure is in the tops of those mountaynes whiche appeare from the gulfe of Paria Os Draconis as he is fully perswaded They agree therefore that there are great caues within these mountaynes but it resteth to consyder from whence they are fylled If therfore al the riuers of freshe waters by the opinion of many do so flowe out of the sea as dryuen and compelled through the passages or pores of the earth by the ponderous weyght of the sea it selfe as we see them breake foorth of the sprynges and directe theyr course to the sea agayne then the thyng is lesse to be marueyled at here then in other places for we haue not read that in any other place two suche seas haue enuironed any lande with so narowe lymyttes for it hath on the ryght syde the great Ocean where the sunne goeth downe on the left hande and another on the other syde where the sunne ryseth nothyng inferiour to the fyrste in greatnesse for they suppose it to be myxte and ioyned as al one with the sea of East India This lande therfore beyng burdened with so great a weyght on the one syde on the other yf this opinion be of any value is enforced to swalowe vp such deuoured waters and agayne to cast foorth the same in open springes and streames But yf we shall denye that the earth draweth humours of the sea and agree that all fountaynes or sprynges are engendred of the conuersion or turnyng of ayre into water distilling within the holow places of the mountaines as the most part thinke we wyll geue place rather to thaucthoritie of them whiche stycke to those reasons then that our sense is satisfied of the ful trueth thereof Yet do I not repugne that in some caues of mountaynes water is turned into ayre for I mee selfe haue seene howe in the caues of manye mountaynes in Spayne in manner showres of rayne do fall continuallye and that the water geathered by this meanes doth sende foorth certayne riuers by the sydes of the mountaynes wherewith all suche trees as are planted on the steepe or foote of the mountaynes as vines oliue trees and suche other are watered and this especially in one place as the right honorable Lodouike the Cardinal of Aragonie most obsequious to your holynesse and two other bishops of Italy whereof the one is Siluius Pandonus and the other an Archbishop whose name and title I do not remember can beare me witnesse for when we were togeather at Granata lately deliuered from the dominion of the Moores and walked for our pastyme to certaine pleasant hilles by the whiche there ranne a fayre ryuer â–ª while Cardinal Lodouike occupied hym selfe in shootyng at byrdes whiche were in the bushes neere vnto the ryuer I thother two bishops determined to clime the mountaynes to searche the original and spryng of the ryuer for we were not farre from the toppes thereof Folowyng therfore the course of the ryuer we founde a great caue in which was a continual fal of water as it had ben a showre of rayne the water whereof fallyng into a trenche made with mans hande encreaseth to a ryuer and runneth downe by the sydes of the mountaynes The lyke is also seene in this famous towne of Valladoleto where we nowe soiourne in a certaine greene close not past a furlong distant from the walles of the towne I graunt therefore that in certayne places by conuersion of the ayrie deawe into water within the caues of suche mountaynes many springes and riuers are engendred but I suppose that nature was not sollicitate to bryng foorth suche great floods by this so small industrie Two reasons therfore do sounde best to my iudgement wherof the one is the often fal of rayne the other the continual autume or spryng tyme which is in those regions being so neere vnto the Equinoctial that the common people can perceiue no difference betweene the length of the day and the nyght throughout all the yeere where as these two seasons are more apt to engender abundance of rayne then eyther extreme wynter or feruent sommer An other reason in effect much like vnto the fyrst is this If the sea be ful of pores and that by the pores thereof being opened by the south wyndes we shal consent that vapours are lyfted vp whereof the watery cloudes are engendred this lande must needes be moysted with moe showres then anye other yf it be as narowe as they say and enuironed with two mayne seas collaterally beatyng on the same howsoeuer it be I can not but geue credite to the report of suche worthy men as haue
recourse to those regions and can no lesse then declare the same albeit it may seeme incredible to some ignorant persons not knowing the power of nature to whom Plinie was perswaded that nothing was impossible We haue therefore thought it good to make this discourse by the way of argument lest on the one syde men of good learnyng and iudgement and on the other syde suche as are studious to finde occasions of quarellyng in other mens wrytynges shoulde iudge vs to be so vndiscrete lightly to geue credite to euery tale not being consonant to reason but of the force and great violence of those freshe waters whiche repulsyng the sea make so great a gulfe as we haue sayde I thynke the cause thereof to be the great multitude of floods and riuers whiche beyng geathered togeather make so great a poole and not one ryuer as they suppose And forasmuch as the mountaines are exceeding high and steepe I thinke the violence of the fall of the waters to be of suche force that this conflict betweene the waters is caused by thimpulsion of the poole that the salt water can not enter into the gulfe But here perhaps some wyll marueyle at me why I should marueyle so muche hereat speakyng vnto me scornefully after this manner Why doth he so marueyle at the great riuers of those regions Hath not Italie his Eridanus named the kyng of ryuers of the old wryters Haue not other regions also the lyke as we reade of Tanais Ganges and Danubius which are sayde so to ouercome the sea that freshe water may be drawen fourtie myles within the same These men I would satisfie with this aunswere The famous ryuer of Padus in Italie whiche they nowe call Po and was of the Greekes called Eridanus hath the great mountaynes called Alpes diuiding Fraunce Germanie and Pannonie from Italie lying at the backe therof as it were bulwarkes agger full of moysture and with a long tracte receiuyng Ticinam with innumerable other great ryuers falleth into the sea Adriatike The lyke is also to be vnderstoode of the other But these ryuers as our men were enfourmed by the kynges fall into the Ocean sea with larger and fuller channels neere hande and some there are whiche affirme this lande to be very large in other places although it be but narowe here There commeth also to my remembraunce another cause the whiche although it be of no great force yet do I entende to wryte it Perhaps therefore the length of the lande reachyng farre from the East to the West if it be narowe may be a helpe hereunto for as we reade that the ryuer Alpheus passeth through the holowe places vnder the sea from the citie of Elis in Peloponeso and breaketh forth at the fountayne or spryng Arethusa in the Iland of Sicillia so is it possible that these mountaines may haue such long caues parteynyng vnto them that they may be the receptacles of the water passing through the landes beyng farre distant and that the same waters commyng by so long a tracte may in the way be greatly encreased by the conuersion of ayre into water as we haue sayde Thus much haue I spoken freely permitting both to them which do frendly interprete other mens dooyngs and also to the malitious scorners to take the thing euen as them lysteth for hytherto I can make no further declaration hereof but when the trueth shal be better knowen I wil do my diligence to commit the same to wrytyng Nowe therfore forasmuch as we haue spoken thus muche of the breadth of this lande we entende to describe the length and fourme of the same The tenth booke of the seconde Decade of the supposed continent THat lande reacheth foorth into the sea euen as doth Italy although not lyke the legge of a man as it doth But nowe I compare a Pigmean or a dwarfe to a Giant for that part thereof whiche the Spanyardes haue ouer runne from the sayd East poynt which reacheth towarde the sea Atlantike the ende not beyng yet founde towarde the West is more then eyght tymes longer then Italie And by what reason I am moued to say eyght tymes your holynesse shall vnderstande From the tyme therefore that I fyrste determined to obeye theyr requestes who wylled me fyrst in your name to wryte these thinges in the Latine tongue I did my endeuour that al things myght come foorth with due tryal and experience whereupon I repayred to the Bishop of Burges beyng the cheefe refuge of this nauigation As we were therfore secretely togeather in one chamber we had many instruments parteining to these affaires as globes and many of those maps whiche are commonly called the shipmans cardes or cardes of the sea Of the which one was drawen by the Portugales wherunto Americus Vesputius is said to haue put to his hande beyng a man most expert in this facultie and a Florentine borne who also vnder the stipende of the Portugales had sayled towarde the South pole many degrees beyonde the Equinoctiall In this carde we founde the first front of this lande to be broder then the kynges of Vraba had perswaded our men of theyr mountaynes To another Colonus the Admiral while he yet lyued and searched those places had geuen the beginning with his owne handes whereunto Bartholomeus Colonus his brother and Lieuetenaunt had added his iudgement for he also had sayled about those coastes Of the Spanyardes lykewyse as many as thought them selues to haue anye knowledge what parteyned to measure the land the sea drewe certayne cardes in parchment as concernyng these nauigations Of all other they moste esteeme them whiche Iohannes de la Cossa the companion of Fogeda whom we sayde to be slayne of the people of Caramairi in the hauen of Carthago and another expert pylote called Andreas Moralis had set foorth And this aswel for the great experience which they both had to whom these tractes were aswel knowen as the chambers of theyr owne houses as also that they were thought to be cunninger in that part of Cosmographie which teacheth the discription and measuring of the sea Conferring therfore al these cardes togeather in euery of the whiche was drawen a lyue expressing not the myles but leagues after the maner of the Spanyardes we tooke our compasses began to measure the sea coastes after this order From that poynt or fronte whiche we sayde to be included within the lyue parteynyng to the Portugales iurisdiction beyng drawen by the paralelles of the Ilandes of Cabouerde but a hundred leagues further towarde the West whiche they haue nowe also searched on euery syde we founde three hundred leagues to the entraunce of the riuer Maragnonum and from thence to Os Draconis seuen hundred leagues but somwhat lesse by the discription of some for they doo not agree in al poyntes exquisitely The Spanyards wyl that a league conteyne foure myles by sea and but three by lande From Os Draconis
by these monstrous bloodsuckers We wyll nowe therfore speake somwhat of the rootes whereof they make theyr bread forasmuche as the same shal hereafter be foode to Christian men in steade of bread made of wheate and in the steade of radyshe with such other rootes as they haue been accustomed to eate in Europe We haue oftentymes sayd before that Iucca is a roote whereof the best and most delicate bread is made both in the firme lande of these regions and also in the Ilandes but howe it is tylled or husbanded howe it groweth and of how dyuers kyndes it is I haue not yet declared Therfore when they entende to plant this Iucca they make a hole in the earth knee deepe and rayse a heape of the earth taken out of the same fashionyng it lyke a square bedde of niene foote breadth on euery syde settyng twelue trunkes of these roots beyng about a foote and a halfe long a peece in euery of the sayd beddes contaynyng three rootes of a syde so layde a slope that the endes of them ioyne in maner togeather in the center or middest of the bedde within the ground Out of the ioyntes of the rootes and spaces betwene the same spryng the toppes and blades of newe rootes whiche by litle and litle encreasyng growe to the bygnes and length of a mans arme in the brawne and oftentymes as bygge as the thygh so that by the tyme of theyr full rypenes in maner all the earth of the heape is conuerted into rootes But they say that these rootes are not rype in lesse then a yeere and a halfe and that the longer they are suffered to grow euen vntyl two yeeres complete they are so much the better and more perfecte to make bread thereof When they are taken foorth of the earth they scrape them and slyse them with certayne sharpe stones seruyng for the same purpose And thus laying them betwene two great stones or puttyng them in a sacke made of the stalkes of certaine tough hearbes and smal reedes they presse them as do we cheese or crabbes to drawe out the iuice thereof and so let them drye a daye before they eate them The iuice or liquour they cast away for as we haue sayde it is deadly poyson in the Ilandes Yet is the iuice of suche as growe in the firme land wholesome yf it be sodde as is the whey of our mylke They say that there are many kyndes of this Iucca wherof some are more pleasaunt and delicate then the other and are therefore reserued as it were to make fyue Manchet for the kynges owne table But the Gentlemen eate of the meaner sort and the common people of the basest The finest they call Cazabbi whiche they make rounde lyke cakes in certayne presses before they seethe it or bake it They say furthermore that there are lykewyse diuers kyndes of the rootes of Ages and Battata But they vse these rather as fruites and dyshes of seruice then to make bread thereof as we vse Rapes Radishes Mushromes Nauies Persnippes and suche lyke In this case they moste especiallye esteeme the best kynde of Battatas which in pleasant taste and tendernesse farre exceedeth our Mushromes It shal suffise to haue sayd thus much of rootes We wyl nowe therefore speake of another kynde of their bread We declared before that they haue a kynde of grayne or Pulse muche lyke vnto Panicum but with somewhat bygger graynes which they beate into meale vpon certaine great hollow stones with the labour of theyr handes when they lacke Iucca and of this is made the more vulgar or common bread It is sowen thryse a yeere so that the fruitefulnesse of the ground may beare it by reason of the equalitie of the tyme whereof we haue spoken sufficiently before In these regions they founde also the grayne of Maizium and sundry kyndes of fruites of trees diligentlye planted and wel husbanded The way betweene the regions of Caramairi and Saturma is fayre broode and ryght foorth They founde here also sundry kyndes of water pottes made of earth of diuers colours in the whiche they both fetche and keepe freshe water Lykewyse sundry kyndes of iugges godderdes drynkyng cuppes pottes pannes dyshes and platters artificially made When the gouernour had geuen commaundement by proclamation that the inhabitauntes should eyther obey the Christian kyng and embrace our religion or els to depart out of theyr countrey they answered with venemous arrowes In this skyrmyshe our men tooke some of them whereof clothyng the moste parte in fayre apparell they sent them againe to their owne company But leading the residue to the shyppes to thintent to shewe them the power and magnificence of the christians that they might declare the same to theyr companions therby to wynne their fauour they appareled them lykewyse and sent them after theyr felowes They affyrme that in all the ryuers of these coast they sawe great argumentes and tokens of golde They founde here and there in their houses good store of Harts flesh Bores fleshe wherwith they fedde them selues delicately They also haue great plentie of sundry kyndes of byrdes and foules whereof they bryng vp many in their houses some for necessarye foode and other for dayntie dyshes as we do Hennes and Partriches Our men hereby coniecture that the ayre of these regions is very holsome forasmuche as slepyng all nyght vnder the fyrmament on the bankes of the ryuers none of them were at any tyme offended with reumes or headache by reason of any noysome humour or vapour proceedyng from the earth ayre or water Our men furthermore founde there many great botomes of gossampyne cotton redy spunne and fardelies of dyuers kyndes of fethers whereof they make them selues crestes and plumes after the maner of our men of armes also certeine clokes whiche they esteeme as most comely ornamentes They founde lykewyse an innumerable multitude of bowes and arrowes Thinhabitants also of these regions in some places vse to burne the carkases of their princes when they are dead and to reserue their bones buryed with spyces in certayne hylles In other places they onely drye them and imbawme them with spyces and sweete gummes and so reserue them in sepulchers in theyr owne houses Somewhere also they dry them spyce them adourne them with precious iewelles and ouches and so reuerently place them in certayne tabernacles made for the same purpose in theyr owne palaces When our men had many of theyr tablets braselettes collers and suche other ouches whiche they call Guanines they founde them rather to be made of laton then of golde whereby they suppose that they haue vsed to exchaunge theyr ware with some craftie straungers whiche brought them those counterfeyt ouches to defraude them of theyr golde For euen our men perceiued not the deceyte vntyll they came to the meltyng Furthermore certayne of our buylâ—ers wanderyng a litle way from the sea coastes chaunced to â—ynde certayne peeces of
of the corner of the gulfe of Vraba as we haue largely declared before The common report is that all the land of his dominions is ryche in gold The pallace of kyng Dabaiba is fyftie leagues distant from Dariena The inhabitantes saye that from the pallace the gold mynes reache to the borders on euery syde Albeit our men haue also golde mynes not to be contemned euen within three leagues of Dariena in the whiche they geather golde in many places at this present Yet do they affirme greater plentye to be in the mynes of Dabaiba In the bookes of our fyrst fruites written to your holynesse we made mention of this Dabaiba wherein our men were deceyued and mystooke the matter For where they founde the fyshermen of kyng Dabaiba in the marishes they thought his region had been there also They determined therfore to send to kyng Dabaiba three hundred choyse young men to be chosen out of the whole army as most apt to the warres and well furnyshed with all kyndes of armour and artyllerie to the intent to go vnto hym and wyll hym eyther frendly and peaceably to permit them to inhabite part of his kyngdome with the fruition of the golde mynes or els to byd hym battayle and dryue hym out of his countrey In theyr letters they oftentymes repeate this for an argument of great ryches to come that they in a maner dygged the ground in no place but found the earth myxt with sparkes and small graynes of golde They haue also aduertised the kyng that it shal be commodious to place inhabitours in the hauen of Sancta Martha in the region of Saturma that it may be a place of refuge for them that sayle from the Ilande of Dominica from the whiche as they saye it is but foure or fyue dayes saylyng to that hauen of the region of Saturma and from the hauen but three dayes saylyng to Dariena But this is to be vnderstoode in goyng and not in returnyng For the returnyng from thence is so laborious and difficulte by reason of the contrary course of the water that they seeme as it were to ascende hyghe mountaynes and stryue agaynste the power of Neptunus This swyft course of the sea towards the west is not so violent to them whiche returne to Spayne from the Ilandes of Hispaniola and Cuba although they also do labour agaynst the fall of the Ocean The cause whereof is that the sea is heere very large so that the waters haue theyr full scope But in the tract of Paria the waters are constrayned togeather by the bendyng sydes of that great land and by the multitude of Ilandes lying agaynst it as the lyke is seene in the strayghtes or narrow seas of Scicile where the violent course of the waters cause the daungerous places of Scilla and Caribdis by reason of those narrowe seas which conteyne Ionium Libicum and Tirrhenum Colonus the fyrste fynder of these regions hath left in wrytyng that saylyng from the Ilande of Guanassa and the prouinces of Iaia Maia and Cerabaro beyng regions of the west marches of Beragua he founde the course of the water so vehement and furious agaynst the foreparte of his shyp whyle he sayled from those coastes towarde the East that he coulde at no time touche the grounde with his soundyng plummet but that the contrary violence of the water woulde beare it vp from the bottome He affyrmeth also that he coulde neuer in one whole day with a meetely good wynde wynne one myle of the course of the water And this is the cause why they are oftentymes enforced to saile fyrst by the Ilandes of Cuba and Hispaniola and so into the mayne sea towarde the North when they returne to Spayne that the North wyndes may further theyr voyage whiche they can not bryng to passe by a direct course But of the motions of the Ocean sea to and fro this shal suffise Let vs nowe therefore rehearse what they wryte of Dariena and of theyr habitation there whiche they cal Sancta Maria Antiqua planted on the sea bankes of Dariena The situation of the place hath no natural munition or defence and the ayre is more pestiferous then in Sardus The Spanishe inhabitours are al pale and yelowe lyke vnto them whiche haue the yelowe iaundies which neuerthelesse commeth not of the nature of the region as it is situate vnder the heauen For in many regions beyng vnder the selfe same degree of latitude hauing the pole of the same eleuation they fynd holsome temperate ayre in such places where as the earth bryngeth foorth fayre sprynges of water or where holsome riuers runne by bankes of pure earth without mudde but most especially where they inhabite the sides of the hyls and not the valleys But that habitation whiche is on the bankes of the ryuer of Dariena is situate in a deepe valley and enuironed on euery syde with hygh hylles By reason wherof it receyueth the Sonne beames at noonetyde dyrectly parpendicular ouer theyr heades and are therefore sore vexed by reflection of the beames both before behynde and from the sydes For it is the reflection of the sonne beames whiche causeth feruent heate and not theyr accesse or neerenesse to the earth forasmuche as they are not passyble in themselues as doth manifestly appeare by the snowe lying contynually vnmoulten vpon certayne hygh mountaynes as your holynesse knoweth ryght well The sonne beames therfore fallyng on the mountaynes are reflected downwarde into the valley by reason of the obiect of the declining sydes of the hylles as it were the fall of a great round stone rowled from the toppe of a mountayne The valley therefore receyueth both those beames whiche fall directly thereon and also those whiche are reflected downewarde from euery syde of the mountaynes Theyr habitation therefore in Driena is pernicious and vnholsome onely of the particuler nature of the place and not by the situation of the region as it is plased vnder the heauen or neare to the sonne The place is also contagious by the nature of the soyle by reason it is compassed about with muddy and stynkyng marishes the infection whereof is not a lytle encreased by the heate The vyllage is selfe is in a marishe and in maner a standyng puddle where of the droppes fallyng from the handes of the bondemen whyle they water the pauementes of theyr houses Toades are engendred immediately as I my selfe saw in an other place the droppes of that water turne into flees in the sommer season Furthermore wheresoeuer they dygge the grounde the deapth of a handful and a halfe there spryngeth out vnholsome and corrupt water of the nature of the ryuer whiche runneth through the deepe and muddye chanell of the valley and so falleth into the sea Nowe therfore they consult of remouyng theyr inhabitations Necessitie caused them fyrst to fasten theyr foote heere because that they whiche fyrst arryued in those landes were oppressed with suche
of the Sonne called Solstitia in maner equall with the Equinoctial with litle difference betwene the length of the day and the nyght throughout all the yeere For on the south syde the day ascendeth scarcely an houre in length aboue the nyght or contrarywyse But the difference is more on the north syde Yet are there some regions in the Ilande in the whiche the colde is of some force But your holynesse must vnderstande this to be incident by reason of y e obiect or neerenes of the mountaynes as we wyll more largely declare hereafter Yet is not this colde so pearsyng or sharpe that thinhabitantes are molested with snowe or bytyng frost In other places the Ilande enioyeth perpetuall spryng tyme and is fortunate with continuall sommer and haruest The trees floryshe there all the whole yeere and the medowes continue alway greene All thynges are exceedyng fortunate and growe to great perfection Howe wonderfully all garden hearbes and fruites do encrease so that within the space of syxtene dayes after the seede is sowne all hearbes of small steames as lettisse borage radish and suche other come to theyr full rypenesse and also howe hearbes of the bygger sort as Gourdes Melons Cucumbers Pompons Sitrons and such other come to theyr perfection in the space of thyrtie dayes we haue sufficiently declared elswhere Of the beastes transported out of Spayne thyther we haue sayde howe they growe to a muche greater kynde insomuch that when they fall into communication of the oxen or kyne they compare them in bygnesse to Elephantes and swyne to Mules but this somewhat by an excessiue kynde of speache We haue also made mention howe theyr swynes fleshe is more sauourye and of farre better and of more pleasaunt tast and more holsome then ours by reason that they are fedde with the fruites of Mirobalane trees and other pleasaunt and nourishing fruites of that countrey whiche growe there of them selues as do with vs Beeches Holly and Okes. Uines woulde also prosper there with marueylous encrease if they had any regarde to the plantyng thereof The lyke encrease commeth of wheate if it be sowen vpon the mountaines where the cold is of some strength but not in the same playnes by reason of to much fatnesse and ranknesse of the grounde It is in maner incredible to heare that an eare of wheate shoulde be bygger then a mans arme in the brawne and more then a spanne in length bearyng also more then a thousand graynes as they all confesse with one voyce and earnestlye affyrme the same with others Yet they say that the bread of the Iland called Cazabbi made of the roote of Iucca to be more holsome because it is of easier digestion and is cultured with lesse labour and greater encrease The residue of the tyme which they spend not in settyng and plantyng they bestowe in geathering of golde They haue nowe such plenty of foure footed beastes that Horses and oxe hydes with sheepe skynnes and goate skynnes and such other are brought from thence into Spayne so that now the daughter in many thynges helpeth and succoureth her mother Of the trees of brasyle spyces the grayne which coloureth scarlet in bright shyning red mastix gossampyne cotton the precious metall called Electrum and such other commodities of this Ilande we haue spoken sufficiently before What therfore can chaunce more happye vnto man vppon the earth then there to lyue where he neede not to be dryuen to close chaumbers with sharpe colde or fayntyng heate nor yet in winter eyther to be laden with heauy apparrel or to burne the shinnes with continual sittyng at the fyre which thynges make men olde in short tyme by resoluing the naturall heate whereof a thousand diseases ensue They also affirme the ayre to be very healthfull and the waters and ryuers to be no lesse holsome as they which haue their contynuall course through the earth of the golden mynes For there is in maner no ryuers no mountaynes and but fewe playnes that are vtterly without golde But let vs nowe at the length come to the particuler description of the inner partes of this blessed Ilande We haue before declared how it is in maner equally diuided with foure great ryuers descendyng from hygh mountaynes whereof that whiche runneth towards the East is called Iunna as that towards the West is named Attibunicus the thyrde is Nahiba or Haiba which runneth Southward the fourth is called Iache falleth toward the North. But this shypmaister hath brought an other description obserued of the inhabitauntes from the beginnyng Let vs therfore diuide the whole Iland into fiue partes callyng the regions of euery prouince by theyr olde names and finally make mention of such thyngs as are worthy memory in euery of them The beginning of the Ilande on the East syde is conteyned in the prouince named Caizcimu so named for that in theyr language Cimu signifieth the front or beginning of anye thyng After this foloweth the prouince of Huhabo and then Caihabo the fourth is Bainoa Guaccaiarima conteyneth the west corner But the last saue one Bainoa is of larger boundes then the three other Caizcimu reacheth from the fyrst front of the Iland to the ryuer Hozama which runneth by the citie of saint Dominicke But towarde the North syde it is ended at the rough mountaynes of Haiti Hubaho is encluded within the mountaynes Haiti and the ryuer Iaciga Caeiabo the thyrd prouince conteineth al that lyeth between Cubabo and Dahatio euen vnto the mouth of the ryuer of Iaceha or Iache one of the foure which diuide the Iland equally ascendeth to the mountaynes of Cibaua where the greatest plenty of gold is found out of the which also the ryuer Demahus spryngeth and ioining with the sprynges of the ryuer of Naiba beyng an other of the foure which diuideth the Iland toward the south sea falleth to an other banke of the riuer of saint Dominick Bainoa beginneth at the confines of Caiabi and reacheth euen vnto the Iland of Cahini which lyeth neare vnto the sea bankes of the North syde of the Iland where we sayde that they erected y e first colonie or habitation The prouince of Guaccaiarima occupieth the remanent toward the west this they named Guaccaiarima because it is the extreeme or vttermost part of the Iland For Iarima in theyr language signifieth the tayle or end of any thing and Gua is an article which they vse oftentimes in the names of things and especially in the names of theyr kinges as Guarionexius Guaccanarillus In the prouince of Cazium are these regions Higuei Guanama Reyre Xagua Aramana Arabo Hazoa Macorix Caiacoa Guaiagua Baguauimabo the rough mountaines of Haiti Here let vs speake somwhat of their aspirations which they vse otherwise then the Latines do It is to be noted that there is no aspiration in their vowels which hath not the effect of a consonant So
sentence against him and how apt the Barbarous nations are to embrase the Christian fayth The contentes of the seuenth booke Fol. 81. HOwe Quicedus and Colmenaris the procuratours of Dariena were honourably enterteyned at the court and brought to the kynges presence and howe theyr complexion was chaunged by alteration of the ayre Howe Petrus Arias a noble man was elected gouernour and Lieuetenaunt of Dariena and howe other of the court laboured for the same office also howe the bishop of Burges spake to the kyng in his behalfe Howe Petrus Arias had a thousande and two hundred souldyers appoynted him at the kynges charges and of the kynges custome house in the citie of Ciuile called the house of the contractes of India Howe a great number of Spanyardes profered them selues to goe at theyr owne charges and of a restraint made that no straunger myght passe without the kyngs licence also how the aucthour reproueth Aloisius Cadamustus a wryter of the Portugales viages Howe Petrus Arias shortly after his departure from Ciuile lost two of his shyppes and was dryuen backe agayne by tempest and howe beyng newly furnyshed he passed the Ocean with more prosperous wyndes The thyrd viage of Vincentius Pinzonus and howe he came to the regions of Paria where encountryng with thinhabitauntes he put them fyrst to flyght but after fallyng to intreatie of peace they gaue him great plentie of golde and abundaunce of masculine frankensence with dyuers other princely presentes Of the great multitude of Popingiayes whiche are in the region of Paria and howe thinhabitours are apparelled also of the fyue kynges that made a league of friendshyp with Vincentius Howe Vincentius sayled Eastwarde by the tracte of the region of Paria vntyl he came to the poynt of that long lande which the aucthour supposeth to be the great Ilande Atlantike wherof the olde wryters make mention The contentes of the .viii. booke Fol. 86. A Contention betweene the Castilians and Portugales as concernyng the diuision of the new founde landes and howe the controuersie was fynished by the bishop of Rome Howe Don Christopher the gouernour of the Ilande of Sancti Iohannis was slayne by the Caniballes and the bishop put to flyght also of the other bishops of the Ilandes Howe the Caniballes of the Ilande of Sancta Crux slue and ate a kyng with certayne of his men beyng friendes to the Christians and made faggottes of theyr bones and howe quarellyng with our men they put them to silence The contentes of the .ix. booke Fol. 87. OF the marueylous fruitfulnesse of the regions of Beragua Vraba and Dariena and of the dyuers kyndes of trees and fruites also of the pleasaunt taste of swynes fleshe beyng fedde with the fruites of Mirobalane trees Of Lions and Tygers and other wylde beastes and of a beast of straunge fourme Of the ryuers of the gulfe of Vraba as the ryuer of Dariena and Rio Grandis and howe the great serpentes called Crocodiles are founde in other ryuers besyde Nilus in Egypt also howe thaucthour of this booke was sent Ambassadour to the Soldane of Alcayr in Egypt Of the Portugales nauigations and of the ryuer Senega found by them to bee a chanell of Nilus also of the multitude of byrds and foules being in the maryshes of Dariena A phylosophicall discourse of thoriginall and generation of sprynges and ryuers and of the breadth of the lande diuydyng the North and South Ocean Of the great ryuer Maragnonus and of the earthly Paradyse and how springs are engendred by cōuertion of ayre into water Of the often fall of rayne vnder the Equinoctiall line and of the pores of the sea opened by the South wyndes Of the great ryuers of Tanais Ganges Danubius and Eridanus famous to the olde wryters and howe certayne ryuers runnyng through the caues of the earth breake foorth into spryngs a farre of The contentes of the .x. booke Fol. 91. HOwe the newe founde landes discouered by the Spanyards in the West Ocean are eyght tymes bygger then Italie besyde that which the Portugales possesse and of the cardes of the sea drawen by Colonus and Americus Vesputius The order of measuryng the lande and howe a league conteyneth foure myles by sea and but three by lande The Nauigation of Iohannes Dias and of the sundry eleuations of the pole starre Of the Ilande of Boiuca or Agnaneo and of the spryng whose water being drunke causeth olde men to looke young How Nicuesa and his souldyers were so oppressed with famine that they were driuen to eate mangie dogges Toades and dead men and howe a broth made of a dogge skynne was solde for many peeces of golde The Contentes of the bookes of the thyrd Decade The contentes of the fyrst booke Fol. 94. OF the desperate aduenture and good fortune of Vaschus and howe with a hundred fourescore and ten men hee brought that to passe for the which Petrus Arias was sent with a thousand and two hundred freshe souldyers Howe Iron serueth for more necessary vses then golde and howe superfluities hynder libertie Howe Vaschus in one conflicte slue sixe hundred Barbarians with theyr kynges and howe he founde the house of kyng Quarequa infected with vnnaturall lechery commaundyng that the kyng and fourtie such as he kept for that purpose should bee gyuen for a pray to his dogges which he vsed to serue in the warres agaynst these naked people Of a region of blacke Moores and howe Vaschus came to the toppes of the mountaynes where gyuyng thankes to God hee behelde the newe South Ocean neuer before seene nor knowne to men of our world Howe Vaschus put kyng Chiapes to flyght and after made a league of friendshyp with him and how the kyng gaue him .iiii. hundred poundes weyght of wrought golde Howe kyng Coquera was put to flyght who also being receyued to friendshyp gaue Vaschus sixe hundred and fyftie poundes weyght of wrought golde Of the gulfe called Sinus S. Michaelis beyng full of inhabited Ilandes and of the manly courage and godly zeale of Vaschus also of the rysyng and fallyng of the South sea Howe kyng Tumacchus beyng dryuen to flyght and afterwarde reconciled gaue Vaschus sixe hundred and fourtiene peeses of golde and two hundred and fourtie of the greatest and fayrest pearles and howe the kyng caused his men to fyshe for pearles Of the Ilande called Margaritea Diues and of the abundance of fayre and great pearles founde therein Of habitable regions vnder the Equinoctiall line and of the Portugales nauigations to the Antipodes inhabityng the fyue and fyftie degree of the South pole also a declaration of Antipodes and of the starres about the South pole The contentes of the seconde booke Fol. 101. OF the maner of fyshyng for pearles and of the three kyndes thereof also dyuers other questions concernyng pearles Of the multitude of the shell fyshes wherein pearles are ingendred and founde in maner in all places in the South sea and of abundaunce of golde founde almost in
leagues beyonde thestimation of the best pilotes The contentes of the sixt booke Fol. 124. OF sundry opinions why the sea runnneth with so swyft a course from the East to the West and of the great gulfe of the North part of the fyrme lande The viage of Sebastian Cabot from England to the frosen sea â–ª and howe beyng repulsed with Ise in the moneth of Iuly he sayled farre Westwarde Of people apparelled with beastes skinnes and how Beares take fyshes in the sea and eate them How Sebastian Cabot after that he had discouered the lande of Baccallaos or Baccallearum was called out of Englande into Spayne where he was made one of the assistaunce of the counsayle of the affayres of India and of his second viage Of the Ilande Fortis and howe a great foule as bygge as a Storke lyghted in the gouernours shyp also howe he arryued at Dariena with the kinges nauie Howe Vaschus receyued the new gouernour and of habitable regions vnder the Equinoctiall How Petrus Arias the new gouernour distributed his armie to conquere the South regions ryche in golde and to erect new colonies in the same Of the ryche golde mynes of Dabaiba and of the expedition agaynst the kyng of that region Of the violent course of the sea from the East to the West and of the difficult saylyng agaynst the same Of the pestiferous and vnholsome ayre of Sancta Maria Antiqua in Dariena and how the Spaniardes were of necessitie enforced to plant theyr fyrst colonie and habitation there The cause of the varietie of regions lying all vnder one degree or paralel and by what meanes the Sonne beames are cause of feruent heate Of toades and flees engendred of droppes of water and of a house set on fyre with lyghtnyng Of a Dogge deuoured of a Crocodyle and of venemous byting of great Bats also of Lions Tigers other wilde beasts How in these regions all foure footed beastes growe to a bigger quantitie then they which were of y e fyrst broode also of certayne trees of whose planckes if shyps be made they are safe from the wormes called Broma or Bissas Of a tree whose wood is present poyson yf it be only borne about and of an hearbe that is a preseruatiue agaynst the same Of the ryche Ilandes of the south sea and of certayne expeditions agaynst the Canibales The contentes of the .vii. booke Fol. 130. THe particuler description of the Ilande of Hispaniola and of the ryche Iland called Margaritea Diues lying in the South sea also of the great abundaunce of bygge pearles founde in the same Howe the auctoure compareth Hispaniola to the earthly Paradyse and howe it farre excelleth Italy in fertilitie and temperate ayre Of the fyrst inhabitours of Hispaniola and of the Ilandes of Canarie Howe thinhabitauntes of Hispaniola in theyr songues and rhymes had certayne prophesies that apparelled men shoulde come to theyr countrey and bryng them into seruitude and of theyr familiaritie with spirites also howe those spirites haue no more appeared to them since they were baptised Of theyr expertenesse in swymmyng and of theyr delicate Serpentes byrdes foules and Popingiays Of the fourme and situation of Hispaniola neere the Equinoctiall and howe colde is in some place thereof accidentall and not by the situation of the region Of the Oxen and Swyne of exceedyng bygnesse and of eares of wheat as bygge as a mans arme in the brawne also howe the Swyne are fedde with Mirobalanes c. Of plentie of golde Brasyle Mastix Gossampyne Electurum of thincommodities of intemperate regions Of dyuers languages in the Ilande and howe the prouinces are diuided into regions Howe Andreas Moralis sayled into a daungerous and darke caue within the rocke of a mountayne and of whole ryuers deuoured of suche caues also of the conflyct of the waters Of a standyng poole in the toppe of an hygh mountayne how fearne and bramble bushes growe onely in colde regions The Contentes of the .viii. booke Fol. 135. OF a great lake or standyng poole of sowre and salte water and of the sea fyshes in the same in the myd lande of the Ilande also of deuouryng fyshes called Tiburoâ—i Of the ryuers fallyng into the lakes and of CC. sprynges in the space of a furlong A marueylous hystorye of a kyng stryken dumbe and lame by a myracle and of the Indian language Howe suche as are drowned in the lake are neuer cast vp agayne and of the Ilande Guarizacca in the myddest of a standyng lake also of a lake of freshe water and an other of salte and freshe water Of a large playne of two hundred myles in length and an other of an hundred and twentie Of the marueilous fyshe or monster of the sea called Manati or Matum fedde with mans handes and howe she caryeth men ouer the lake Of the mountaynes vales hylles playnes and ryuers of Hispaniola and howe golde is founde in all mountaynes and golde and fyshe in all ryuers Of salte bayes and howe the ryuers haue theyr increase from the caues of the mountaynes also howe there is no hurtefull beast in the Ilande Of the pleasures of Hispaniola and of the region of Cotohi wel inhabited situate in a plaine in the toppes of mountaynes reachyng to the cloudes Of moderate colde in the mountaynes and of fearne of marueylous bygnesse Howe pure and massie golde is founde in the region of Cotoy or Cotohi and that the vaine of gold is a lyuyng tree also of the rootes branches and floures of the same and howe certayne caues are susteyned with pyllers of golde What gold is brought yeerely from Hispaniola into Spaine and of the salte of the mountaines being as hard as stones and cleare as crystall also sprynges of salte freshe sowre water Of certayne wylde men lyuing in caues and dennes without any certaine language and of their marueylous swiftnes a foote Of pytche of the rocke and two kyndes of trees and of the leafe of a tree vsed in the steede of paper also howe thinhabitants thynke that the Christians can make those leaues speake and disclose all secretes Of a strong coloure made of the iuice of a certayne apple and of the hearbe whose smoke is poyson The contentes of the nienth booke Fol. 142. OF the kindes of fruites wherewith the inhabitauntes of Hispaniola lyued fyrst and how they came to the knowledge of Iucca also how Ceres fyrst founde Wheate and Barley in Egypt Why theyr kynges are called by diuers names and by what names they salute the kynges chyldren when they are borne How they make theyr testamentes and how certayne of the kynges wyues and concubines are buried with them Of the variable motions of the elementes in Hispaniola and where it rayneth but litle and where muche Of the colonies and villages that the Spaniardes haue builded in Hispaniola and of the other Ilandes about the same Of a spryng whiche runnyng vnder the sea from Hispaniola breaketh foorth in the Iland of Arethusa also
the yeere THe landes and regions that are neare about the clymes of the Equinoctiall lyne are naturally hot although they be otherwise temperate by the diuine prouidence therfore such fleshe or fyshe as is taken and kylled in these regions can not be preserued from putrifaction except it be rosted sodden or perboyld the same day that it is kyld And wheras I haue sayd that such regions are naturally hotte and yet temperate by the prouidence of God it is so in deede and therefore not without cause the auncient aucthours were of opinion that the burnt lyne or Torrida zona where passeth the lyne of the Equinoctiall shoulde be vnhabitable by reason the Sun hath greater dominion in that place then in any other of the sphere remaynyng continually betweene the two tropykes of Cancer and Capricorne For when in these regions the earth is opened or dygged from the superficiall parte thereof to the deapth of a mans heyght it is founde temperate and within this space the trees and plants fasten and spread their rootes and no deeper extendyng the same as farre in breadth in the grounde as doe theyr braunches in the ayre and enter no deeper into the grounde then I haue sayde because that beneath the deapth of the sayde space of a mans heyght the earth is very hotte the vpper part beyng temperate and very moyst aswell by reason of the abundaunce of water whiche falleth from heauen vpon that earth at certayne ordinarie seasons of the yeere as also for the multitude of great ryuers brookes sprynges and maryshes whereby the myghtie and supreme Lord which made these landes hath most prudently prouided for the preseruation of the same There are also many rough and hygh mountaynes with temperate ayre and pleasaunt cleare and moderate nyghtes of the whiche particularitie the auncient wryters hauyng no certayne knowledge affirmed the said burnt line or Torrida zona or Equinoctiall to be naturally vnhabitable As touching which thing I am able to witnesse the contrary by testimonie of syght and feelyng as by most certayne senses hauyng lyued many yeeres in these regions by reason whereof better credite ought to be giuen to me then to such as haue grounded their opininion onely vpon coniectures And to speake further of the situation of these regions you shall vnderstand that the coaste of the North sea beyng in the gulfe of Vraba and in the porte of Dariena where the shyps arryue whiche come out of Spayne is in the sixte degree and a halfe and in the seuenth and from sixe and a halfe vnto eyght except a small poynt which entreth into the sea towarde the North. That poynt which of this lande and new parte of the worlde lyeth most towarde the East is the cape of sainct Augustine which is in the eyght degree So that the sayd gulfe of Vraba is distant from the Equinoctiall lyne from a hundred twentie to a hundred and thirtie leagues and three quarters of a league after that accompte of .xvii. leagues and a halfe for euery degree from pole to pole and thus for a litle more or lesse goeth all the coast By reason whereof in the citie of Sancta Maria Antiqua in Dariena and in all that course of the foresayde gulfe of Vraba at all tymes of the yeere the dayes and nyghtes are in maner of equall length and if there bee any difference betweene them by reason of this small distance from the Equinoctiall it is so litle that in .xxiiii. houres makyng a naturall day it can not bee perceyued but by the iudgement of speculatiue men and suche as vnderstande the sphere From hence the North starre is seene very lowe And when the starres whiche are called the guardens of the North starre are vnder the Chariot it can not be seene because it is vnder the horizontall And whereas I haue sayde before that it rayneth in these regions at certayne ordinarie tymes it is so in deed For it is wynter and summer there at contrary tymes to that which is in Spayne where the greatest colde of frost and rayne is in December and Ianuary and the greatest heate of sommer about saint Iohns day at Mydsommer or in the moneth of Iuly But in golden Castile or Beragua it is contrary for the sommer and tyme of greatest drought without rayne is at Christmas and a moneth before and a moneth after the tyme when it rayneth most is about Mydsommer and a moneth before and a moneth after And this season which they call wynter is not for that it is any colder then then at any other tyme of the yeere or hotter at Christmas then at other seasons the tyme in these regions being euer after one maner but for that that in this tyme whiche they call wynter the Sunne is hydde from theyr sightes by reason of cloudes and rayne more then at other times Yet forasmuche as for the most part of the yeere they lyue in a cleare open and temperate ayre they somewhat shrynke and feele a litle colde duryng the tyme of the sayde moyst and cloudy ayre although it be not colde in deede or at the least such colde as hath any sensible sharpenesse Of dyuers particuler thinges as woormes serpentes beastes foules trees c. MAny other thinges might be sayd and much differyng from these wherof I haue spoken But to lette passe the multitude of thinges whiche are as variable as the power of nature is infinite and to speake of such thinges as come chiefely to my remembraunce as most worthie to be noted I will first speake of certayne litle and troublous beastes which may seeme to bee engendred of nature to molest vexe men to shewe them giue them to vnderstand how small and vyle a thing may offende and disquiet them to th ende that they may remember the principall end for the which they were created that is to know their maker and procurer of their saluation by the way whiche is open to all Christian men and all other which will open the eyes of theyr vnderstandyng And although the thinges whereof wee entende nowe to speake may seeme vyle and litle to be esteemed yet are they worthy to bee noted and considered to vnderstande the difference and variable workes of nature So it is therefore that whereas in many partes of the firme lande by the whiche as well the Christians as Indians doe trauayle there are suche maryshes and waters in the way that they are fayne to go without breeches among the hearbes and weedes by reason whereof certaine smal beasts or wormes which they cal Garapates much lyke vnto tykes cleaue fast to their legges These wormes are as litle as the pouder of beaten salt and cleaue so fast that they can by no meanes bee taken away except the place bee noynted with oyle and after that the legges be noynted a whyle with oyle or the other partes where these litle tykes are fastened they scrape the place with a knyfe and so take
and had none other thyng to lyue by they myght haue been sufficiently susteyned by these Sardynes besyde the ouerplus which should haue remayned But to returne to the foules whereof we haue spoken As the sea commeth and the Sardynes with the same euen so lykewyse come the sayde Alcatrazzi therewith and flee continually ouer it in such a multytude that they appeare to couer the vpper parte or floore of the water and thus continue in mountyng and fallyng from the ayre to the water and from the water to the ayre duryng all the tyme of their fishing and assoone as they haue taken any of these Sardines they flee aboue the waters and eate them incontinently and sodeynly returne agayne to the water for more continuing thus course by course without ceassyng â–ª in lyke maner when the sea falleth they folowe theyr fyshyng as I haue sayde There goeth also in the company of these foules an other kynde of foules called Coda inforcata that is the forked tayle whereof I haue made mention before assoone as the Alcatraz mounteth from the water with her pray of the Sardynes sodeynly this Coda inforcata gyueth her so many strokes and so persecuteth her that shee causeth her to let fall the Sardynes which shee hath in her mouth the which assoone as they are falne and before they yet touche the water the Coda inforcata catcheth them euen in the fall in suche sorte that it is a great pleasure to beholde the combat betweene them all the day long The number of these Alcatrazzi is suche that the Christian men are accustomed to sende to certayne Ilandes and rockes which are neare about Panama with theyr boates or barkes to take these Alcatrazzi whyle they are yet young and can not flee and kyll as many of them with staues as they will vntyll they haue therewith laden theyr Barkes or Canoas these young ones are so fat and well fedde that they can not bee eaten and are taken for none other intent but onely to make grease for candles to burne in the nyght for the whiche purpose it serueth very well and gyueth a cleare lyght and burneth easily After this maner and for this purpose innumerable of them are kyld yet it seemeth that the number of them that fyshe for Sardynes doe dayly increase There are other foules called Passere sempie that is simple sparowes these are somewhat lesse then Seamewes and haue theyr feete lyke vnto great Malardes and stande in the water sometymes and when the shyppes sayle fyftie or a hundred leagues about the Ilandes these foules beholdyng the shyppes commyng towarde them breake theyr flyght and fall downe vpon the sayle yardes mastes and cables thereof and are so simple and folyshe that they tary vntyll they may easily bee taken with mens handes and were therfore called of the maryners simple sparowes they are blacke and vppon theyr blacke haue theyr head and shoulders of feathers of a darke russet colour they are not good to bee eaten although the maryners haue sometymes been inforced to eate them There is an other kynde of byrdes in the firme land which the Christians call Picuti because they haue very great beakes in respecte of the litlenesse of theyr bodyes for theyr beakes are very heauy and waye more then theyr whole bodyes besyde these byrdes are no bygger then Quayles but haue a muche greater bushement of feathers insomuche that theyr feathers are more then theyr bodyes theyr feathers are very fayre and of many variable coloures theyr beakes are a quarter of a yarde in length or more and bendyng downe toward the earth and three fyngers brode neare vnto the head theyr tongues are very quylles wherewith they make a great hyssyng they make holes in trees with theyr beakes in the which they make their neastes And surely these byrdes are marueylous to beholde for the great dyfference whiche they haue from all other byrdes that I haue seene aswell for theyr tongues which are quylles as I haue sayd as also for the strangenesse of their sight disproportion of their great beasteâ— in respect of the rest of their bodies There are no byrdes found that prouide better for the safegard of theyr young in the tyme of theyr breedyng to be without daunger of wylde cattes that they enter not into theyr neastes to destroy their egges or young and this aswell by the strange maner of buyldyng their nestes as also by theyr owne defence and therfore when they perceyue that the cattes approche towarde them they enter into theyr nestes and holdyng theyr beakes towarde the entraunce of the same stande at theyr defence and so vexe the cattes that they cause them to leaue their enterpryse There are also other byrdes or sparowes which the Christians by contrary effecte call Matti that is fooles Whereas neuerthelesse there is no byrde that sheweth more wyt and crafte in defendyng her young from peryl These byrdes are litle in maner blacke and somewhat bygger then our Thrushes they haue certayne whyte feathers in theyr neckes and the lyke sagasitie or sharpenesse of sense as haue the byrdes or Pyes called Gazzuole they sildome tymes lyght vppon the earth they make theyr nestes in trees separated from other because the wylde cattes called Mammoni are accustomed to leape from tree to tree not discendyng to the grounde for feare of other beastes except when they are enforced by thirst to come downe to drinke at such times as they are sure not to bee molested and for this cause doe not these byrdes make theyr nestes but in trees farre diuided from other they make them of a cubite in length or more after the maner of bagges or litle sackes large at the bottome and growyng narower and narower towarde the mouth whereby they are fastened hauyng the hole whereat they enter into the sacke of suche byggenesse as may onely suffyce to receyue them And to the ende that the cattes may not deuour theyr young if they chaunce to mount vppon the trees where they haue theyr nestes they vse an other craft which is to make theyr nestes in thicke braunches of trees and to defende the same with sharpe and strong thornes implicate and set in suche order that no maâ— is able to make the lyke so that the cattes can by no meanes put theyr legges into the hole of the neaste to take out the young byrdes as well for the sharpenesse of the thornes as also for the deapth of the nestes in the bottome wherof the young birds rest without daunger of their enimie for some of theyr nestes beyng three or foure spannes in length the legge of the catte can not reache to the bottome thereof They vse also an other pollicie which is to make many of theyr neastes in one tree the which they doe for one of these two causes that is that eyther of theyr owne naturall disposition they are accustomed to goe in great multitudes and reioyce in the company of theyr owne
litle these are called Volatori that is fleeyng fyshes they ryse by great companies and flockes in suche multitudes that it is an astonyshment to behold them Sometimes they ryse but litle from the water as it chaunceth continue one flyght for the space of an hundred paces and sometimes more or lesse before they fall agayne into the sea sometymes also they fall into the shyppes And I remember that on an euenyng when al the company in the shyp were on theyr knees syngyng Salue regina in the hyghest part of the Castell of the poupe and sayled with a full wynde there passed by vs a flocke of these fleeyng fyshes and came so neare vs that many of them fell into the shyppe among the whiche two or three fel hard by me whiche I tooke alyue in my hand so that I myght well perceyue that they were as bygge as Sardines and of the same quantitie hauyng two wynges or quilles growing out of theyr synnes lyke vnto those wherewith all fyshes swym in ryuers these wynges are as long as the fyshes them selues As long as theyr wynges are moyst they beare them vp in the ayre but assoone as they are drye they can contynue theyr flyght no further then as I haue sayde before but fall immediatlye into the sea and so ryse agayne and flee as before from place to place In the yeere a thousand fyue hundred and fyfteene when I came fyrst to enfourme your Maiestie of the state of the thynges in India and was the yeere folowyng in Flaunders in the tyme of your most fortunate successe in these your kyngdomes of Aragonie and Castyle whereas at that viage I sayled aboue the Ilande Bermuda otherwyse called Garza beyng the furthest of all the Ilandes that are founde at this daye in the worlde and arryuyng there at the deapth of eyght yardes of water and distaunt from the lande as farre as the shotte of a peece of Ordinaunce I determyned to sende some of the shyp to lande aswell to make searche of suche thynges as were there as also to leaue in the Iland certayne Hogges for encrease But the tyme not seruing my purpose by reason of contrary wynde I coulde bryng my shyppes no nearer the Ilande beyng twelue leagues in length and syxe in breadth and about thyrtie in circuite lying in the three and thyrtieth degree of the North syde Whyle I remayned heere I saw a stryfe and combat betweene these fleeing fyshes and the fyshes named Gylt heades the foules called Seamewes and Cormorantes which surely seemed vnto me a thyng of as great pleasure and solace as coulde be deuised while the Gylt heades swam on the brymme of the water and sometymes lyfted theyr shoulders aboue the same to rayse the fleeyng fyshes out of the water to dryue them to flyght and folowe them swymmyng to the place where they fal to take and eate them sodenly Againe on the other side the Seamewes and Cormorantes take many of these fleeyng fyshes so that by this meanes they are neyther safe in the ayre nor in the water In the selfe same peryll and danger doo men lyue in this mortall lyfe wherein is no certayne securitie neyther in hyghe estate nor in lowe Which thyng surely ought to put vs in remembraunce of that blessed and safe restyng place whiche God hath prepared for suche as loue hym who shall acquiete and fynishe the trauailes of this troublous worlde wherein are so many dangers and bryng them to that eternall lyfe where they shall fynde eternall securitie and rest But to returne to the hystorye these byrdes and foules whiche I sawe were of the Ilande of Bermuda neere vnto the whiche I sawe these fleeyng fyshes for they coulde be of no other lande forasmuche as they are not accustomed to wander farre from the coastes where they are bredde Of thincrease and decrease that is rysyng and fallyng of our Ocean sea and South sea called the sea of Sur. I Wyll nowe speake of certayne thynges whiche are seene in the Prouince or at the least in the citie of golden Castyle otherwyse called Beragua and in the coastes of the North sea of the South sea called the sea of Sur not omitting to note one synguler and marueylous thyng whiche I haue consydered of the Ocean sea wherof hytherto no Cosmographer Pilot or Maryner or any other haue satisfyed me I say therefore as it is well knowen to your maiestie and all such as haue knowledge of the Ocean sea that this great Ocean casteth from it selfe the sea Mediterraneum by the mouth of the strayght of Gibilterra in the which the water from th end furthest part of that sea euen vnto the mouth of the sayde strayght eyther in the East toward the coaste commonly called Leuante or in any other part of the sayde sea Mediterraneum the sea doth not so fall nor increase as reason woulde iudge for so great a sea but increaseth very litâ—e and a small space Neuerthelesse without the mouth of the â—trayght in the mayne Ocean it increaseth and falleth very muche and a great space of grounde from syxe houres to syxe houres as in all the coastes of Spayne Britanâ—â— Flaunders Garmanie and England The selfe same Oâ—ean sâ—a in the firme lande newly founde in the coastes of the same lying towarde the North doth neyther ryse nor fall nor lykewyse in the Ilandes of Hispaniola and Cuba and al the other Ilandes of the same lying towarde the north for the space of three thousande leagues but onely in lyke maner as dooth the sea Mediterraneum in Italy which is in maner nothyng in respecte to that increase and decrease whiche the sayde Ocean hath in the coastes of Spayne and Flaunders But this is yet a greater thyng that also the selfe same Ocean in the coastes of the sayde fyrme lande lying towarde the South in the citie of Panama and also in the coast of that lande whiche lyeth towarde the East and West from that citie as in the Ilande of pearles or Margaritea whiche the Indians call Tarrarequi and also in Taboga and Otoque and in all other Ilandes of the south sea of Sur the water ryseth and falleth so muche that when it falleth it goeth in maner out of syght whiche thyng I my selfe haue seene oftentymes And here your maiestie may note an other thing that from the north sea to the south sea being of such difference the one from the other in rysyng and fallyng yet is the lande that deuideth them not past eyghteene or twentie leagues in breadth from coaste to coaste So that both the sayde seas beyng all one Ocean this strange effecte is a thyng worthy greatly to be consydered of all suche as haue inclination and desyre to knowe the secrete woorkes of nature wherein the infinite power and wysedome of God is seene to be suche as may allure al good natures to reuerence and loue so diuine a maiestie And whereas by y e demonstrations of
these aforesayde causes is sufficient to put hym to death Theyr thyrd cheefe officer is a Iudge his office is to take vp to end matters in controuersie to determine of warres peace that which he thynketh ryght to punyshe rebelles wherein he may commaunde the noble men to assist hym vpon paine of forfettyng theyr goodes neuerthelesse at all tymes he is not obeyed for that many matters are ended rather by might and armes than determined by law Other controuersies are decided either in the Temporal Court as it seemeth good vnto the Princes or in the Spiritual consistorie before the Tundi Rebelles are executed in this maner especially yf they be noble men or officers The kyng looke what daye he geueth sentence agaynst any one the same day the partie wheresoeuer he be is aduertised thereof and the day tolde him of his execution The condempned person asketh of the messenger where that it may be lawfull for him to kyll him selfe the which thing whan the kyng doeth graunt the partie takyng it for an honour putteth on his best apparell and launcyng his body a crosse from the brest downe all the belly murdreth him selfe This kynde of death they take to be without infamy ne doe their children for theyr fathers crime so punished lose theyr goods But if the king reserue them to be executed by the Hangman than flocketh hee togeather his children his seruantes and friendes home to his house to preserue his lyfe by force The kyng committeth the fetchyng of him out vnto his chiefe Iudge who first setteth vppon him with bow and arrowes afterward with pykes swoords vntyll the rebell and all his family be slayne to theyr perpetuall ignominie and shame The Indyshe wryters make mention of sundry great cities in this Iland as Cangoxima a Hauen towne in the South parte therof and Meaco distant from thence .300 leagues northward the royall seat of the kyng and most wealthy of all other townes in that Ilande The people thereabout is very noble and theyr language the best Iaponishe In Meaco are sayde to be nienetie thousande houses inhabited and vpwarde a famous Uniuersitie and in it fyue principall Colledges besydes closes and cloysters of Bonzi Leguixil and Hamacata that is Priestes Monkes and Nunnes Other fyue notable Uniuersities there be in Giapan namely Coia Negru Homi Frenoi and Bandu The fyrst foure haue in them at the least .3500 schollers in the fyft are many moe For Bandu prouince is very great and possessed by sixe princes fyue whereof are vassalles vnto the sixt yet he him selfe subiecte vnto the Iaponish kyng vsually called the great king of Meaco lesser scholes there be many in diuers places of this Ilande And thus muche specially concernyng this glorious Ilande among so many barbarous nations and rude regions haue I geathered together in one summe out of sundry letters written from thence into Europe by no lesse faithful reporters thā famous traueylers For confirmation whereof as also for the knowledge of other thinges not conteyned in the premisses the curious readers may peruse these foure volumes of Indishe matters written long agoe in Italian and of late compendiously made latin by Petrus Maffeius my olde acquaynted friend entitulyng the same De rebus Iaponicis One whole letter out of the fyft booke thereof specially entreatyng of that countrey haue I done into Englyshe word for word in suche wyse as foloweth Aloisius Froes ▪ to his companyons in Iesus Christ that remayne in China and Indie THe last yeere deare brethren I wrote vnto you from Firando howe Cosmus Turrianus had appoynted me to traueyle to Meaco to help Gaspar Vilela for that there the haruest was great the labourers fewe and that I should haue for my companyon in that iourney Aloisius Almeida It seemeth now my parte hauing by the helpe of God ended so long a voyage to signifie vnto you by letter suche thinges specially as I myght thinke you woulde most delyght to knowe And because at the begynnyng Almeida and I so parted the whole labour of wrytyng letters betwixt vs that he should speake of our voyage and suche thinges as happened therein I should make relation of the Meachians estate and wryte what I could well learne of the Giapans maners and conditions settyng asyde all discourses of our voyage that whiche standeth me vppon I wil discharge in this Epistle that you consideryng howe artificially how cunningly vnder the pretexte of religion that craftie aduersary of mankynde leadeth and draweth vnto perdition the Giaponish myndes blynded with many superstitions and cerimonies may the more pitie this nation The inhabiters of Giapan as men that neuer had greatly to doe with other nations in their Geography diuided the whole world into three partes Giapan Sian and China And albeit the Giapans receyued out of Sian and China their superstitions and cerimonies yet doe they neuerthelesse contemne all other nations in comparison of them selues standyng in their owne conceite doe far preferre them selues before all other sortes of people in wisedome and policie Touching the situation of the countrey nature of the soyle vnto the thinges eftsones erft written this one thing wil I adde in these Ilandes the sommer to be most hot the winter extreame colde In the kyngdome of Canga as we call it falleth so muche snow that the houses being buried in it y e inhabiters keepe within doores certaine moneths of the yeere hauing no way to come foorth except they breake vp the tiles Whirlewyndes most vehement Earthquakes so common that the Giapans dreade suche kinde of feares litle or nothing at all The countrey is full of siluer mines otherwyse barren not so much by fault of nature as through the slouthfulnes of the inhabiters howebeit Oxen they keepe that for tillage sake onely The ayre is wholsome y e waters good the people very fayre well bodied bare headed commonly they go procuring baldnes with sorow teares eftsoones rooting vp w t pinsars al the heare of their heads as it groweth except it be a litle behind the which they knot and keepe with al diligence Euen from their chyldehood they weare daggers and swoords the which they vse to lay vnder their pillows whan they goe to bedde in shew curteous and affable in deede haughty and proude They delight most in warlyke affayres and their greatest studie is armes Mennes apparell dyuersly coloured is worne downe halfe the legges and to the elbowes womens attyre made hansomely lyke vnto a vayle is somewhat longer all maner of dysyng and theft they doe eschue The merchant although he bee wealthie is not accompted of Gentlemen be they neuer so poore retayne theyr place most precysely they stande vppon theyr honour and woorthynesse cerimoniously stryuyng among them selues in curtesies and fayre speaches Wherein if any one happely bee lesse carefull than hee should bee euen for a trifle many tymes hee getteth euyll will Want though it trouble most of them so muche they doe deteste that
poore men cruelly takyng pietie of theyr infantes newly borne especially gyrles doe many tymes with theyr owne feete strangle them Noble men and other lykewyse of meaner calling generally haue but one wyfe a peece by whom although they haue issue yet for a trifle they diuorse themselues from their wiues and the wiues also sometimes from their husbands to marry with others After y e seconde degree coosins may there lawfully marry Adoption of other mens children is much vsed among them In great townes most men and women can write and reade This nation feedeth sparely theyr vsuall meate is ryse and salattes and neare the sea syde fyshe They feast one an other many tymes wherein they vse great diligence especially iâ— drinkyng one to an other insomuch that the better sorte least they myght rudely commit some fault therin doe vse to reade certaine bookes written of dueties and cerimonies apperteynyng vnto bankettes To be delicate and fine they put theyr meat into their mouthes with litle forkes accompting it great rudenes to touch it with theyr fingers wynter and sommer they drynke water as hot as they may possible abyde it Theyr houses are in daunger of fyre but finely made and cleane layde all ouer with straw pallettes wherevppon they doe both sit in steede of stooles and lye in theyr clothes with billets vnder theyr heades For feare of defilyng these pallettes they goe eyther barefoote within doores or weare strawe pantofles on theyr buskynnes whan they come abroade the which they laye asyde at theyr returne home agayne Gentlemen for the most parte doe passe the nyght in banketting musike and vayne discourses they sleepe the day tyme. In Meaco and Sacaio there is good store of beddes but they be very litle and may be compared vnto our pues In bryngyng vp theyr children they vse wordes onely to rebuke them admonishyng as diligently and aduisedly boyes of six or seuen yeeres age as though they were olde men They are giuen very much to entertayne strangers of whom most curiously they loue to aske euen in trifles what forreyne nations doe and theyr fashions Suche argumentes and reasons as be manifest and are made playne with examples doe greatly persuade them They detest all kynde of theft whosoeuer is taken in that faulte may be slayne freely of any body No publike prisons no common gayles no ordinary Iusticers priuately eche householder hath the hearyng of matters at home in his owne house and the punishyng of greater crymes that deserue death without delaye Thus vsually the people is kept in awe and feare About foure hundred yeeres agoe as in theyr olde recordes we fynde all Giapan was subiecte vnto one Emperor whose royall seate was Meaco in the Giaponishe language called Cubucama But the nobilitie rebellyng agaynst him by litle and litle haue taken away the greatest parte of his dominion howbeit his title continually remayneth and the residue in some respect doe make great accompt of him stil acknowledging him for theyr superior Thus the Empyre of Giapan in tymes past but one alone is now diuided into sixtie sixe kyngdomes the onely cause of ciuile warres continually in that Iland to no small hynderaunce of the Gospell whilest the kynges that dwell neare togeather inuade one an other eche one couetyng to make his kyngdome greater Furthermore in the citie Meaco is the pallace of the high priest whom that nation honoureth as a God he hath in his house .366 Idolles one whereof by course is euery nyght set by his syde for a watcheman He is thought of the common people so holy that it may not be lawfull for him to goe vppon the earth if happely he doe set one foote to the grounde he looseth his office He is not serued very sumptuously he is maynteined by almes The heads and beards of his ministers are shauen they haue name Cangues and theyr aucthoritie is great throughout all Giapan The Cubucama vseth them for Embassadours to decide controuersies betwixte princes and to ende theyr warres whereof they are wont to make very great gayne It is now two yeeres since or there about that one of them came to Bungo to entreat of peace betwixt the kyng thereof and the kyng of Amanguzzo This Agent fauouring the kyng of Bungo his cause more than the other brought to passe that the foresayde kyng of Bungo should keepe two kingdomes the which he had taken in warres from the king of Amanguzzo Wherefore he had for his rewarde of the kyng of Bungo aboue thirtie thousande Ducattes And thus farre heereof I come now to other superstitions and ceremonies that you may see deare brethren that whiche I sayde in the beginnyng howe surlye the deuyll hath deceyued the Giaponishe nation and howe diligent and ready they be to obey and worshyp him And first all remembrance and knowledge not onely of Christ our redeemer but also of that one God the maker of all thinges is cleane extinguished vtterly abolished out of the Giapans hartes Moreouer theyr superstitious sectes are many wheras it is lawfull for eche one to folow that which lyketh him best but the principall sectes are two namely the Amidans and Xacaians Wherfore in this countrey shall you see many monasteryes not onely of Bonzii men but also of Bonziae women diuersly attyred for some doe weare whyte vnder and blacke vpper garments other goe apparelled in ashe colour theyr Idole hath name Denichi from these the Amidanes differ very muche Agayne the men Bonzii for the most parte dwell in sumptuous houses and haue great reuenues These felowes are chast by commaundement marry they may not vnder payne of death In the mydst of theyr Temple is erected an Aulter whereon standeth a wodden Idole of Amida naked from the gyrdle vpwarde with holes in his eares after the maner of Italian Gentlewomen sittyng on a woodden rose goodly to beholde They haue great libraries and halles for them all to dyne and suppe togeather and belles wherewith they are certayne houres called to prayers In the euenyng the Superintendent gyueth eche one a theame for meditation After mydnyght before the Aulter in theyr Temple they doe say Mattens as it were out of Xaca his last booke one quier one verse the other quier an other Early in the mornyng eche one gyueth him selfe to meditation one houre they shaue theyr heades and beardes Theyr Cloysters be very large and within the precincte thereof Chappelles of the Fotoquiens for by that name some of the Giapanish Sainctes are called theyr holydayes yeerely be very many Most of these Bonzii be Gentlemen for that the Giaponish nobilitie charged with many children vse to make most of them Bonzii not being able to leaue for eche one a patrymony good ynough The Bonzii most couetously bent know all the wayes howe to come by money They sell vnto the people many scroles of paper by the helpe whereof the common people thinketh it selfe warranted from all power of the deuylles They borowe lykewyse money to bee
of the Iland of Hispaniola aboue Cuba an Ilande of the Canibales Which narration hath geuen me occasion to extende Groneland beyond the promontorie or cape of Huitsarch to the contynent or fyrme lande of Lapponia aboue the castell of Wardhus whiche thyng I dyd the rather for that the reuerende Archebyshop of Nidrosia constantly affirmed that the sea bendeth there into the fourme of a crooked Elbowe It agreeth herewith also that the Lapones consent with them in the lyke Magicall practises and do neyther embrace the Christian religion nor refuse it wherby I haue thought this lykenesse of customes to be betweene them because they ioyne togeather in one continent The distance lykewyse seemeth not to disagree For beetweene both these people the distance is not full two hundred Schoeni euery one beyng a space of ground conteining threescore furlonges which make seauen myles a halfe It furthermore agreeth with this coniecture that Cabot chaunced into such yse And albeit as touching the Moneth of Iuly I wyll contend it is not well rehearsed no although he had sailed vnder the poole for such reasons as we haue declared before to the contrary neuerthelesse that at some tyme he sailed by yse this testifieth in that he sayled not by the mayne sea but in places neare vnto the land comprehending embrasing the sea in fourme of a gulfe whereas for the same cause the gulfe of Gothland is frosen because it is streyght and narrow ▪ in the which also the litle quantitie of salte water is ouercome by the abundance of fresh water of many and great ryuers that fall into the gulfe But betweene Norway and Island the sea is not frosen for the contrary cause forasmuch as the power of freshe water is there ouercome of the abundance of the salte water There is a fame but of vncertayne aucthoritie that the Spaniardes sayle at this present to Gronelande and to an other lande whiche they call Terra Viridis that is the greene lande bringyng from thence suche wares as are founde in Gronelande Towards the North ▪ it reacheth to the vnknowen land vnder the pole from whence also the theeues and robbers of the Pigmei come into this lande Which is an argument that the regions vnder the pole are inhabited almost enuironed with the sea as are they whiche the Cosmographers call Chersonnesi or Peninsulae that is almost Ilandes The description of Gronlande The description of the East syde which lyeth towarde Norway Wardhus Castle 54.  70. 30. Towarde the North. 53. 30. 71. 30. The fyrst extention 40.  71. 40. The second extention 28.  72.  Huitsarch promont 22.  67.  The extention 5.  61. 45. It is continued from thence by the coastes of the lande of Baccallaos 356. 60.   Towarde the West and North it is termined with an vnknowen ende of landes and seas     Islande ISlande is interpreted the land of Ise and is called of the olde wryters Thyle It is extended betweene the South and the North almost two hundred schoenes in longitude It is for the most parte full of mountaynes and vncultured But in the playnes it hath such fruitfull pastures that they are fayne sometymes to dryue the beastes from theyr feedyng least they should be suffocate with to much fatnesse This Ilande is famous by the strange myracles of nature of the whiche Saxo Grammaticus in his hystorie of Denmarke and Olanus Gothus in his description of the North landes doe make mention There are in it three mountaynes of marueylous height the toppes whereof are couered with perpetuall snowe but the nether partes of them are of lyke nature to the mountayne Etna in the Ilande of Sicilie boylyng with continuall flames of fyre and castyng foorth brymstone One of these is named Helga and the other Mons Crucis that is the mounte of the crosse The thyrd is named Hecla whose flames neyther consume flaxe or tow matters most apte to take fyre nor yet are quenched with water And with lyke force as the shot of great artillerie is driuen foorth by violence of fyre euen so by the commixtion and repugnance of fyre colde and brymstone great stones are heere throwne into the ayre Neare vnto these mountaynes are three chynkes or open places in the earth of huge bygnesse and such depth especially at the mount Hecla that no sight can attayne thereto But to such as looke into them there first appeare men as though they were drowned and yet breathyng foorth theyr soules who beyng exhorted by theyr friendes to resorte to theyr owne they answere with mournyng voyce and greeuous sighes that they must departe from thence to the mount Hecla and therewith sodaynely vanyshe out of sight He floweth about the Ilande for the space of seuen or eight monethes makyng by runnyng togeather a certayne miserable waylyng and gronyng noyse not vnlyke the voyce of man Thinhabitauntes thynke that in this Ise and the mount Hecla are the places where the euyll soules of theyr people are tormented If any man take a great portion of this Ise and keepe it as diligently as may be in a close vessell or cofer the same doeth so vanyshe at the tyme when the other Ise about the Ilande dissolueth that not so much as one droppe of water or Ise can thereof be founde Not farre from these mountaynes reachyng towarde the sea coastes are foure sprynges of water of most dyuers and contrary nature The fyrst by reason of his perpetuall and feruent heate sodaynely turneth all bodyes that are cast therein into stones reseruyng neuerthelesse theyr fyrst forme and shape The seconde is of intollerable coldnesse The thyrd is sweeter then hony and most pleasaunt to quench thyrst The fourth is playne poyson pestilent and deadly There is furthermore in these sprynges suche aboundaunce of brymstone that a thousande pounde weight thereof is bought for litle as for the tenth parte of a ducate Theyr chiefe wares are dryed fyshe as Soles Maydens Playces Salpas Stockefyshes and such other whiche they exchange for wheat and such other thinges as are brought thyther from Lubecke Hamborowe and Amsterdam For they haue oftentymes such scarsenesse of corne that they vse dryed fysh in the steade of bread although in sommer the Iland so florysheth with greene and fruitfull medowes that they are fayne somtimes to dryue theyr beastes from pasture least they should suffocate for to much fatnesse as I haue sayde before They make very good butter and apte to be vsed in matters of phisicke There are found diuers kindes of good Haukes as Faulcons Gerfaulcons Lanners and Sperhaukes Also Rauens Crowes Beares Hares and Foxes both white and blacke They haue most swift horses and such as run .xxx. miles continually without rest or baite They haue many churches houses builded of the bones of Whales
knowledge thereof But nowe intendyng to speake of the whole worlde I wyll not be long in my preface but begyn my narration as foloweth ¶ A briefe declaration of the viage or nauigation made about the worlde Geathered out of a large booke written hereof by master Antoni Pigafetta Vincentine knyght of the Rhodes and one of the companie of that vyage in the which Ferdinando Magalianes a Portugale whom some call Magellanus was generall captayne of the nauie ALthough Sebastian Munster in his vniuersall Cosmographie in the fyfth booke of the landes of the greater Asia which I translated into Englyshe about .24 yeeres sence hath wrytten of the vyage of Magellanus declaryng therein how the Spanyardes by the West and the Portugales by the East sayling to the Ilandes of Molucca compassed the whole globe of the worlde betweene them yet haue I heere thought it good to make a breefe repeticion of this vyage addyng hereunto dyuers notable thynges which were not touched of Munster as I haue geathered them out of the bookes of Antoni Pigafetta and Transiluanus wrytyng of the same vyage For albeit in deede it was a strange and woonderfull thyng that the Spanyardes and Portugales compassed the whole circumference of the worlde betweene them yet is it more marueylous that the same was done with one ship one companie of men as did the Spanyardes in this viage who keeping their continual course by the west returned into Spaine by the east a thing doubtlesse so much more woonderful and strange then if they had returned from the halfe circumference by the same way they went in how muche they were ignorant in the vyage neuer attempted before besyde the thousande daungers and perylles whiche they were daylye lyke to fal into aswell by wandryng in vnknowen coastes as also by fallyng into the handes of the Portugales by whose dominions in the East they shoulde needes passe of necessitie not trustyng to their gentlenesse for the controuersie whiche had been long betweene them for the Ilandes of Molucca I wyl therfore as I haue sayde make a briefe rehearsal of this viage from the begynnyng to the endyng omittyng neuerthelesse many notable thynges whiche are more largely described in the bookes of Maximilianus Transiluanus and Antonius Pigafetta The tenth day of August in the yeere of our Lord .1519 Ferdinando Magalianes ▪ departed from the port of Siuile in Spayne with a nauie of fyue shippes and 237. men wel furnished with all thynges necessary And saylyng first downe by the ryuer of Guadalchiber which runneth from the sayd port into the sea they came first to a place named Giouan Dulpharaz where are many villages of the Moores and from thence arryued at a castle of the duke of Medina Sidonia where is the port from whiche they enter into the sea to the cape saint Vincent beyng distant from the Equinoctial .37 degrees and from the sayd port .10 leagues and is from thence to Siuile betweene 17. and 20. leagues Heere they remayned certayne dayes to make newe prouision of such thinges as they lacked Departyng from hence the 20. day of September they arryued the 26. day of the same moneth at one of the Ilandes of Canarie called Tenerife beyng 25. degrees aboue the Equinostial In one of these Ilandes is none other water but that is continually engendred of a cloude which appeareth dayly at noone tyde as though it descended from heauen and compasseth about a certayne great tree from whose branches distylleth great aboundaunce of water and falleth in streames from the roote of the same into certaine trenches and cesternes made and placed to receyue it This water serueth sufficiently all the inhabitauntes and cattayle of the Iland The lyke thyng is also seene in the Ilande of saint Thomas lying directly vnder the Equinoctial line The thirde day of October about mydnyght the captayne commaunded them to lyght fyre brandes and to hoyse vp theyr sayles directyng theyr course towarde the South saylyng saylyng betwene Capo Verde of Affrike and the Ilandes lying about the same beyng from the Equinoctial fourteene degrees a halfe They sayled thus many dayes in the syght of the coast of Guinea of Ethiope where is the mountayne called Serra Liona being eyght degrees aboue the Equinoctial In this coast they had no maner of contrary wynde but a great calme and fayre weather for the space of threescore and ten dayes in the whiche they came vnder the Equinoctial line In this viage they sawe many strange Fyshes monsters of the Sea besyde another strange thyng whiche appeared vnto them For there appeared in their shippes certayne flames of fyre burnyng very cleare whiche they cal saint Helen saint Nicholas these appeared as though they had been vpon the mast of the shippes in suche clearenesse that they tooke away theyr syght for the space of a quarter of an houre by reason wherof they so wandred out of theyr course and were dispearsed in sunder that they in maner dispayred to meete agayne but as God would the sea and tempest beyng quieted they came safely to their determined course And before I speake any further of the viage I haue heere thought good to say somewhat of these strange fyers whiche some ignorant folke thynke to be spirites or suche other phantasies wheras they are but naturall thynges proceedyng of naturall causes and engendred of certayne exhalations Of these therfore the great Philosopher of our tyme Hieronimus Cardanus in his second booke De Subtilitate wryteth in this maner There are two maner of fyers engendred of exhalations wherof the one is hurtful the other without hurt That which is hurtfull is fyre in deede engendred of malicious and venemous vapours whiche in successe of tyme take fyre as apt matters to be kyndled The other kynde is no true fyre but lyke the matter that is in such olde putrified wood as geueth the shynyng of fyre without the substaunce or qualitie therof Of the kynde of true fyre is the Fyreball or Starre commonly called saint Helen which is sometyme seene about the mastes of shippes beyng of such fyerie nature that it sometyme melteth brasen vessels and is a token of drownyng forasmuch as this chaunceth only in great tempestes for the vapour or exhalation wherof this fyre is engendred can not be dryuen togeather or compact in fourme of fyre but of a grosse vapour and by a great power of wynde and is therefore a token of imminent perill As on the contrary parte the lyke fyres called in olde tyme Castor and Pollux and nowe named the two lightes of Sainct Peter and Sainct Nicolas which for the most parte fall on the cables of the shyppes leapyng from one to an other with a certayne flutteryng noyse lyke byrdes are a token of securitie and of the tempest ouerpassed For they are but vapours cleauyng to the cables which in successe of tyme the fyre
set foorth at large those thinges by leasure which briefly are noted and signified in fewe vnto some that willingly woulde not be altogeather ignorant thereof nor yet stande to long in any such discourses To set downe particulerly eche Spanyarde and Portugale his doynges in these new discouered landes to drawe Geographically the places to wryte all their battelles victories and conquestes to describe the cities rased the townes erected to poynte out the Capitaynes personages to shewe theyr traueyles and good hap it would requyre an other Homere an other Thucydides an other Liuius labour it would requyre an other Emperour to set students a woorke as Iustinian dyd his lawe geatherers the relations of the Indyshe traueylers are so many in number theyr reportes so diuers the volumes written therof so huge and in so sundry languages R.W. FINIS R. VVilles Speciall aduises to be obserued in readyng ouer this woorke Fol. 6. De Medea put out De. Fol. 7. Of my Decades reade of my fyrst Decade For as the two fyrst bookes of the first Decade were by P.M. dedicated vnto Ascanio Visconte than Cardinall and Uicechaunceller of Rome so are the eight bookes folowing in the same Decade written to the Cardinall of Aragonia Fol. 54. Euery Decade hath ten bookes or Chapters whereof it hath according to the Greeke woord that name Fol. 20 A. and. O. c. His meanyng is that this selfe same poynte is extreme West in respect of one halfe of the worlde and extreme East in respecte of the other halfe or hemisphere beneath vs. Fol. 31. Iuga de Canias Reade Iuego de Canas Fol. 35. Barramedabas Reade Barrameda Fol. 39. To be part of the continent This was then spoken for want of further knowledge as in other writynges folowyng it will appeare Fol. 45. The gold whereof they are made is natiue c. This place should be thus Englished Their golde is lyke vnto that golde in Germany wherof the Florenes are made The nexte sentence likewise is not without some falte of the translator for the latin goeth thus Alibi in eo tractu intra vaginam mentularem neruum reducunt funicuio que praeputium alligant Fol. 47. Gorgodes Meducias Reade Medusaeas Fol 49. Being demaunded of me This place should you reade thus Being demaunded of me afterwarde were it not a sea separating two landes they answered the water there of to be fresh sweete the further they went vp against the streame it to be so much the more freshe sweete to be full of Ilandes and holesome fishe They dare aduouche the breadth thereof to be more than .30 leagues and the ryuer very swiftly to fall into the sea yeeldyng vnto the fury of the freshe water Fol. 49. Beyond the citie of Cathayo They supposed it according to theyr skyll in vnknowen places Fol. 50. Animae album Reade Animen Item You shall now therfore This sentence is not in P.M. But an other of the same length wherin he abaseth his own knowledge in respecte of T. Liuius and auoucheth the fantasiâ—s folowing to be better than Lucianus tales for that Lucianus â—â—â—ned his fables but these follyes to be truly suche in deede Fol 51. But nowe most noble Prince Three other vaine tales are here left out of the beginning of the sea and the original of woman kynde all Greece could neuer haue imagined more vayne more scornefull more shamefull fables and so are they lefte to such as lyst to reade them in that language wherin P. Martyr dyd wryte them with the prayse of suche Barbarous ministers as doe preache them Fol. 57 The yeere of Christ .1520 Reade .1502 Fol. 83. Pezulana Reade Petrus Arias Fol. 89. Or that in Niogita Reade or that in the blacke burnt Moores countrey or kyngdome of Melinde Fol. 90. Water is turned into ayre Reade ayre is turned into water Fol. 98. The niene Boates of Culchas Reade or Culchas Fol. 153. Coâ—lacutea Reade Calecut Cochin Comorin Fol. 164. Etesti Reade Etesiae Fol. 169. â—emobal Reade Cempoal Fol. 186. The generations of nations Reade of metalles Fol. 231. Eight Reade eighteth Item 36. Reade 63. Fol. 232 The West Ocean Reade South Ocean namely Mar del zur Fol. 234. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the margine should haue place in the texte before 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Reade the Greeke verse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Fol. 252. P. 231. In the margine put it out Fol. 253. Peruse these foure volumes Read the foure volumes Fol. 260. Santlianum Reade Santianum Fol. 265. Obo alias Oba and Obi Fol. 268. Fladimer al Volodimer Item Smolne al Smolensko Fol. 269. Impreignable Reade inexpugnable Fol. 270. Nicene Reade Nice And of theyr fayth more lykely hereafter fol 273 although fol. 302. the former opininion be recited againe Fol. 274. Prohibit Reade prohibited Fol. 283 â–ª Volham Reade Volgha Item Diuidna al Duina Item Vistiuga Reade eche where Vstinga Fol. 279. Schondia for these countreys folowing see Ortelius 45. table in his first edition de reg Septentional Fol. 280. Sigismundus liberus Reade liber for he was Baron of Harbestein the Deutche Barons are called frey heren wherof in latin also his title was written Liber Baro ab Herbestein out of his woorkes is that discourse taken Fol. 301. Fol. 281. Wardhus Castle .54 the one rowe of figures here signifieth the longitude the other sheweth the Latitâ—de The reader for his assuraunce herein shall doe well to conferre all the figures so set with the Mappes lest he be deceyued Fol. 294. By vnknowen nations Reade motions Fol. 297. The ryuer Clesma al. Desma Item Marouians Reade Morauians Fol. 298. This tongue is spred further Read agayne of the Sclauon tongue at large Fol. 301. Fol. 304. Bengas Of theyr money and also of all other nations coynes shall you haue a speciall discourse heereafter if God sende vs lyfe Fol. 308. Tumen It should seeme to be that Tamen spoken of before Fol. 246. Fol. 310. To Artach Reade in Artachs Fol. 311. Besermanni What they be Reade Fol. 335. Fol. 312. As do the Christians imagining so of vs for that many Christians to wyt the meaner sorte dwel commonly euer in one place Fol. 316. Seuen werstes to wyt seuen Moscouian myles that is fyue Englyshe myles and somewhat more Fol. 321. It shall suffice to the reader put out to Item Sachana al. Sughaua Hisnouogrod Reade Nisnouogrod Tartars Nogaies pointe it thus Tartars Nogais Bilbil al Bilbek Casbin Reade Casmin Baccho al Bachu Fol. 323. Sharuan al Chirua and Seruan Tollepan Reade Torbante Fol. 324. Arash al. Exesch Fol. 326. Unto Mecha in Arabia to honour Mahumets tombe whereof you shall reade in Lewes Vartomannus Nauigations Item Ardaxuil Reade Ardouil Item Fol. 320. for Ardeuelim Fol. 327. Ought to be beloued Reade beleeued Fol. 329. Tulibante Reade Torbante Fol. 329. The Persians to wyt the Gentlemen of Persia. Esteeming artes and sciences for silkes and furnitures of horses Fol. 326. 330. Fol. 330.
the people Kyng Caunaboa in captiuitie Caunaboa his brother rebelleth A conflict betwene the Cibanians and the Spaniards A greate tempest in the moneth of Iune Whirle windes Furacanes The death of king Caunaboa and his brother The golde mines of Salomon Gold in the superficiall partes of the earth The golden tower Lacke of vitayles Vittualles brought from Spayne Saint Domiâ—ikes towre Isabella The Riuer of Naiba Wooddes of Brasile trees Mountaynes without golde The kinges wiues Well fauored women Driades A pretie pastyme Foure men slayne in sport Prouision for diseased men The castels or towers of hispaniola The golden mountaynes of Cibana The kinges rebell An army of xv thousand Barbarians The kinges are taken prisoners king Guarionexius is pardoned Lacke of vytayles xxxii kinges Serpentes eaten The dressing of serpentes to be eaten Serpentes egges eaten Gossopine cotton Queene Anacaona The treasurie of Queene Anacaona Hebene wood The Ilande of Guanabba Cunnyng Artificers A stone in the steede of Iron Gunnes Musical instrumentes Ignorance causeth admiration The intemperancie malice of a seruile wit aduaunced Ciguanians Licenciousnesse in libertie Hercules pyllers A violent perswasion The furie of Guarionexius The thyrd voyage of Colonus the Admiral Frenche men pyrates The iland of Madera Healing of the leper Contagious ayre and extreeme heate The iland of Puta People of comly corporature and long heare neere the Equinoctial The higher the colder Musical instrumentes The violent course of the water from the East to the West The gulfe called Os Draconis A sea of fresh water Marmasets Monkeyes The fayre and large region of Paria Humane people Chayers and stooles of Hebene Whyte men neere the Equinoctiall Shalownesse of the sea The vse of Carauels or Brigandines A riuer of marueylous deapth and breadth The eleuation of the Pole aâ— Paria Note a secrete as concernyng the Pole starre An experience A marueylous secrete Time reuealeth â—l thynges The Spaniardes rebell in the Admiralles absence The Spaniardes accuse the Admiral The Admiralâ— answere These had the custodies of the temples A cruel deuillyshe pastyme Heare made long blacke by arte Kyng Maiobanexius An army of eight thousand Ciguauians Kyng Guarionexius Naturall hatred of vyce The Lieuetenaunts gentelnesse toward Maiobanexius A rare faithfulnesse in a barbarous kyng The Lieuetenauntes messengers are slayne The Spaniardes are painfull in the warres A desperate aduenture with thirtie men A pollicie A beautifull woman The kynges submit them selues to the Lieuetenaunt A newe gouernour of the Ilande The Ocean sea heretofore vnknowen The nauigation of Petrus Alphonsus Pearles for tryfles Great plentie of pearles Shel fyshes in which pearles are engendred Theyr manner of bargayning The vse of pynnes Haukes belles in great estimation Roring of wild beastes Hartes and wylde bores Cunnyng artificers Base golde Tokens of the continent or firme lande The golden region of Canchieta The Equinoctial line Gossampine trees Canibales in the gulfes of Paria Death for death Howe the Canibales fortifie their campe Haraia Springes of salt water The bodyes of prynces dryed and reserued Orient pearles â—s bygge as â—asel nuts The Ilande of Margarita The nauigation of Vincentius and Aries Pinzonus The Ilandes of Canarie Cabouerde S. Iames Ilande The north pole out of sight Habitable regions vnder the Equinoctial lyne People of high stature A vagabounde kynde of men Giantes Desperate â—oldnesse A sea of freshe water Many fruitful Ilandes Humane people Regions of Paria Gold pearles The commodities of the regions Ilands about Paria Brasile Canibales Trees of Cassia fistula A monstrous beast Extreme remedie in a desperate case Cinamome and Ginger Topases Men of noble courage Another voyage Animae album The superstitions of Hispaniola The errours of the olde gentilitie Idolatrie and idolles Illusions of euil spirites Images of gossampine catton Young deuyls Fables muche lyke Ouide his transformations The Nyghtyngale The Ilande of Mathinino Children turned into Frogs A special grace Holy reliques A holy caue The original of the sunne and moone Walkyng spirites A remedie agayest walking spirites Priestes and diuines Phisitions Ignorance is norished with superstition A powder of marueylous effect A strange maner of curyng Angry gods They make the dead to speake Fayries or spirites of the gentiles much like to the papistes The pouder of the herbe Cohobba Secrete mysteries Reuelations The spirite of Apollo The Sibylles Children with two crownes Wandering images A woman Zemes of great power Mediatours A marueylous illusion of the deuyll The idolles abolyshed Millane in the handes of the french men The history folowyng conteyneth the actes of ten yeeres Paria part of the fyrme lande of East India Golde Frankencense The fiercenesse of the naked people A man deuoured of a monster of the sea Note the largenesse of the new Ilandes Antipodes The nature of the place altereth the formes and qualities of thynges Plentie of beastes and foule Cuba is an Ilande The 〈◊〉 of Cuba The Ilande of Burichema of S. Iohannis Golde mynes Tyllage They abhorre labour They are docible The kynges chyldren The two cheefe golde mynes of Hispaniola A costly shypwracke Pesus The fynyng and distributing of gold Three hundred thousaÌ„d weight of gold molten yeerely in Hispaniola The newe landes Enlargyng of the Christian religion The original of true nobilitie The Ilande of Guanassa The voyage of Iohannes Diaz West Antipodes The encrease of the Christian congregation Of landes distant from the Equinoctiall from fyue degrees to ten The death of Colonus A generall licence The nauigation of Alphonsus Fogeda The region of Caramairi Apples whiche turne into wormes A tree whose shadowe is hurtful Warlyke people Arrowes infected with poyson The nauigation of Diego Nicuesa The regions of Vraba and Beragua The Spanyardes reuenge the death of theyr companions A great slaughter Canibales The hunger of golde The Ilande Fortis Wrought gold Nicuesa The gulfe Coiba Barnardino de Calauera Fogeda returneth to Hispaniola Famine A Brigandine drowned with the stroke of a fyshe The region of Cuchibacoa Serra Neuata Os Draconis Riche in golde and poore in bread The vse of targets agaynst venemous arrowes The barbarians haue respect to iustice Salted fyshe Wine of fruites and seedes Artyllerie Ancisus shypwracke A groue of date trees Wylde bores Apples of a strange kyndâ— Cedars of Libanus Men of desperate boldenesse The gulfe of Vraba The great riuer of Darien The souldiers make an othe The barbarians are dryuen to flyght The riuer of Darien but vii degrees from the Equinoctial lyne Golde founde in a thycket of reedes Brest plates of golde The golden regions are for the most part barren Lupus Olanus Petrus de Vmbria The ryuer Lagartos The golden ryuer of Beragua The enterpryse death of Petrus de Vmbria The daungerous place of Scilla in the sea of Cicile The miserable case of Nicuesa The riuer of S. Matthei The rigocousnesse of Nicuesa Corne waxeth rype euerye fourth moneth The commendation of a young man brought vp with Colonus Portus Bellus
Weakenesse of hunger Cape Marmor Nomen Dei The nauigation of Rodericus Colmenaris An exceedyng high mountayne couered with snowe Apparelled men Spanyardes slayne with venemous arrowes A remedie agaynst venemous arrowes The hauen of Vraba Nicuesa is founde in a miserable case Insolencie oftâ— muche felicitie The death of Nicuesa Famine enforseth them to fal to spaylyng Careta kyng of Coiba Kyng Careta is taken and spoyled Mine thine the seedes of al myscheefe Ancisus Lieuetenant for Fogeda is cast in pryson Ancisus taketh his voyage to Hispaniola The reuengâ— of God The inconueniences of discorde King Poncha Swordes of wood Kyng Careta conspireth with the Spaniards agaynst kyng Poncha The region of Comogra distant from Dariena .xxx. leagues Kyng Comogrus The kynges pallace Wine syder Blacke wine The carcasses of men dâ—yed The distribution of golde Young Comogrus his oration The hunger of golde A region flowing with golde Kyng Tumanama Canibales The golde mines of the mountaynes Vnwrought golde not estemed Abundance of golde Housholde stuffe of golde Naked people tormented with ambition A vehement perswasion A token of hunger Kyng Comogrus is baptised with his familie Horrible thunder and lyghtnyng in the moneth of Nouember Maryshe grounde Ancisus bitten of a Batte A tempest King Turui The Ilande of Cannafistula King Abibeiba dwelleth in a tree The rysyng of the Ocean sea Trees of marueilous height Plinie Fruitefull grounde Abibeiba the kyng of the tree yeeldeth to Vaschus Golde no more esteemed then stones Canibales Men good yenough yf they had iron Captiues A garryson of thirtie men Eightene Spanyardes slayne and drowned The kinges which conspired the death of the Christians A straunge chaunce Women can keepe no counsayle An armie of an hundred Canoas and fyue M. men Triumph before victorie Affection corrupteth true iudgement The conspiracie of the kyngs is detected Kyng Cemaechus conspireth the death of Vaschus Vaschus pursueth the kings with threescore and ten men Colmenaris sacketh the vyllage of Tichiri Fyue rulers hanged shot through with arrowes Iohan. Quicedus is sent to Spayne A wife is a hinderaunce The death of aldiuia Hurt of lauyshnesse of the tongue The calamities and death of Fogeda Maladies and famine The prosperous voyage of Ancisus A king of Cuba baptised by the name of Commendator A marueylous hystorie howe God wrought myracles by the simple faith of a Maryner Be not rashe in iudgement A Chappell builded to the pycture of the virgin Marie One superstititious religion turned into an other holdeth stil many thinges of the fyrst Zeale without knowledge is neuer godly Marke this blyndnesse This ignorance is to be lamented The deuil dissembleth to keepe his in blyndnesse styll A notable lye of a papistical heretike One blasphemie vpon another The deuyll appeareth in his lykenesse What likenes A strange myracle not to be credited Another myracle Wise men Math. xiiii This is another matter The deuyl appeareth againe The virgin Mary in her owne person ouercommeth the deuyl The priestes rewarde Why name you Capons Ancisus voiage to Spayne Ancisus complayneth of Vaschus Marke to whoÌ„ this fayned myraculous storie was written The procuratours of Dariena are honourably receiued at the court The great master of the kings ships Petrus Arias is elected gouernour of Dariena The oration of the Byshop of Burges in the defence of Petrus Arias The warres of Aphryca A house in Ciuile appoynted to the affayres of India Perulariae The Portugales inuentions The nauigation of Petrus Arias A shipwracke Americus Vesputius A notable example of a valiant woman The wyfe of Petrus Arias Plentie of pearles The vse of gunnes Great abundance of gold frankencense â–ª Olibanum Sabea is a couÌ„trey in â—rabia which bringeth foorth Frankencense Rulers for one yeere The great gulfe of Paria The great Iland Atlantike Contention betweene the Castilians Portugales for the newe landes The bishop of Rome diuideth the lande The golden regioÌ„ of Ciamba The Ilande of S. Iohannis Fyue byshops of the Ilande made by the bishop of Rome The Canibales of the Iland of Sancta Crux The ryuers of Vraba The fruitfulnesse of Vraba The fruitefulnes of Dariena Swynes fleshe of better taste more holsome then mutton Fruites putrified on the sea Betatas Lions and Tygers A strange beast The ryuers of Vraba A league is xxiiii furlonges Danubius A Crocodile is muche lyke a Neute but of exceedyng kygnesse The Portugales nauigations A philosophical discourse as concerning thoriginal of springes and ryuers The breadth of the lande at Vraba from the North Ocean to the South sea The sea The lande enclosed with two seas Conuersion of ayre into water in the caues of mountaynes The often fal of rayne and continuall spryng tyme. The Equinoctiall The pores of the sea and the south wynde The fludde Eridanus The ryuer Alpheus Longe caues in the mountaines The length and forme of the Iland Cardes of the sea The carde of Americus Vesputius The carde of Colouns The carde of Iohannes de la Cossa The carde of Andreas moralis The maner of measuring the cardes A league The nauigation of Iohannes Dias The eleuation of the pole The iurisdiction of the Portugales Hercules pyllers The Ilande Boiuca or Agnaneo The renouation of age A water of marueilous vertue The accidentes of age may be hydden Extreme hunger This was at the siege of Hierusalem Many dogges eaten A mangie dog â—â—are solde Broth of a mangie dogs skynne Toades eaten A dead man eaten Note Petrus Arias whoÌ„ the Spanyardâ—s call Pedâ—arias Vaschus Nunnez gouernor of Dariena The new south Ocean Commendation of the Spanyardes A valiant mynd can not be ydle Vaschus his voyage toward the golden mountaynes â–ª Careta kyng of Coiba King Poncha Strange thinges are counted precious Lacke of Iron A stone in the steede of Iron Superfluities hynder libertie Carpenters Brydges The region of Quarequa kyng Quarequa is dryuen to flyght Hargabusies Crossebowes vi C. Barbarians are slaine The vse of dogges in the warre agaynst the naked Barbarians Natural hatred of vnnatural sinne I woulde al men were of this opinion The haruest is great and the woorkemen but fewe Warlyke people The higher the colder A region of blacke Moores Diseases of change of ayre and dyet The south sea Prayer God rayseth the poore from the dounghyl Hanniball of Carthage King Chiapes A battayle Chiapes is driuen to flyght Vaschus sendeth for kyng Chiapes Chiapes submitteth hym selâ—e to Vaschus A gulfe of threescore myles Saint Michaels gulfe The manly corage and godly zeale of Vaschus Ryches are the synewes of warre The faythfulnes of kyng Chiapes A tempest on the sea The increasing of the South sea The Northe Ocean Hard shyft in necessitie The region Tumacca Kyng Tumaccus is driuen to flyght Golde and pearles Muscles of the sea Fyshyng for pearles The thyrst of golde Ambition among naked men A kyng of greaâ— power Byg pearles Cleopatra queene of Egypt resolued a pearle in vineger drunke it Price fiue
south sea The rich Iland called Dites Cap. sancti Augustini Of the euill successe of these viages reade decade 3. Liber 9. An expedition to destroy the Canibales Looke decade .3 Lib. 9. The nauigations of Andreas Moralis A perticular description of the Ilande of Hispaniola Nereides are nymphes of the sea he meaneth Ilandes Tethis the wyfe of Neptunus goddesse of the sea Great pearles Hispaniola like vnto the earthy paradise The fyrst inhabitours of Hispaniola Hierusalem Mecha The Ilandes of Canarie Betanchor a frenchman The first names of Hispaniola Their maner of learnyng Ballets and rhymes Singyng and daunceyng Songes of loue and mournyng Prophesses Note Their familiaritie with spirites The deuyl is driuen away by baptisme Surueyers Serpentes A Crocodile is muche lyke to our Ewte or Lyserte Cipanga Italy called Latium Isabella The fourme of the Ilande of Hispaniola A particuler carde of Hispaniola Hispaniola compared to Itaâ—ie The temprature of Hispaniola The Equinoctiall Cold accidental and not by the situation of the region Perpetuall spring and sommer Maruelous fruitfullnesse Beastes Oxen and swine of exceeding bignesse Swine fed with Mirobalanes An eare of wheat as bigge as a mans arme in the brawne Great plentie of cattayle Incommodities of intemperate regions Holsome ayre and water Golde euery where The citie of S. Dominick Of prouinces diuided into regions The pronunciation of the Hebrues and Arabians The Moores and Arabians possessed Spayne How the aspiration chaungeth the signification of woords Diuers languages in the Iland Riuers denoured of caues Whirlepooles and conflict of waters Cloudes in the caue The Cataracts of Nilus A standing poole in the top of a high mountayne Fearne and bramble bushes growe only in colde regions The Caspian and Hircanian sea A great lake of soure and salte water Sea Fysshes in lakes of the midlande The deuouring Fyshe called Tiburonus The ryuers that fall into the lake Caspium CC. springeâ— within the space of a furlong A myracle The Indian language A kyng striken dumme and lame by a myracle Such as are drowned in the lake are not cast vp againe A lake of salt freshe water A lake of freshe water A lake of ten myles in length A playne of a hundred and twenty myles A plaine of two hundred myles in length The marueylous fyshe Manati A monster of the sea fedde with mans hande Matum A fyshe caryeth men ouer the lake A marueilous thing The ryuer Attibunicus The great vale of Guarionexius Golde in all mountaynes â–ª and golde and fyshe in all ryuers Salte bayes The ryuers haue their increase from the caues of the mountaynes No hurtfull or rauening beast in the Ilande The aucthours excuse By what meanes the people of the Ilande are greatly consumed The pleasures of Hispaniola The region of Cotobi situate in the cloudes A plaine in the toppes of mountaynes The hygher the colder Moderate colde in the mountaynes Golde Thinhabitantes of Hispaniola can abyde no labour nor colde The Ilande of Creta or Candie vnder the dominion of the Uenetians Pure and massie golde in the region of Cotoby The vaine of golde is a lyuyng tree These colours of floures are called Marchasites The roote of the golden tree The branches of the golden tree Caues susteyned with yyllers of golde The stones of the golde mynes What golde is brought yerely from Hispaniola into Spayn Salt of the mountaynes very harde and cleare Salt as harde as stones Springes of salt freshe and sower water Hollow caues in the grounde Certaine wyld men lyuing in caues and dennes Men without a certayne language Men as swift as Grehounds A wylde man runnech away with a chylde Pitch of the rocke Pitch of two kyndes of trees The Pyne tree The tree Copeia The leafe of a tree in the stedâ— of paper They beleeue that leaues do speake A pretie storie Ignorance causeth admiration The leafe wherein they wryte A stronge coloure of the iuice of an apple An hearbe whose smoke is poyson The kyndes of fruites wherewith thinhabitauntes lyued fyrst Necessitie the mother of al artes The fyne bread Cazabbi made of the rootes of Iucca How Ceres fyrst founde wheate and barly in Egypt The rootes of Ages The aucthours excuse Plinie By what names they salute the kyngs children when they are borne The names and tytles of the Romane Emperours Howe they make theyr testamentes So dyd great Alexander The kynges wyues concubines are buryed with him They burye theyr iewels with them A dreame of an other lyfe after this Where it rayneth but seldome Where it rayneth much Variable motions of the Elementes The colonies and villages whiche the Spaniardes haue builded The other Ilandes about Hispaniola The Iland of Arethusa A spring runnyng vnder the sea from Hispaniola to Arethusa The Iland of Sancti Iohannis The Ilande of Cuba Habitable regions vnder the Equinoctial The riche golde mineâ— of Cuba The Iland of Iamaica The Iland of Guadalupea England and Scotland The gum called Anime album Dates Pine trees The Canibales Whereby it was thought that there were Ilandes of women Hony in trees and rockes The Ilande Desiderata The Ilande Galanta The Ilandes of Todos Sanctos or Barbata The Ilande Monsserratus The Ilande Antiqua The Ilande Portus Bellus Great Tortoyses The generation of Tortoyses The Egges of Tortoyses Innumerable Ilandes Troyans Tyrians Greekes Phenitians The North Ilandes The Ilandes of the south sea The Ilande of pearles Wylde beastes must be tamed with the rod. An expedition to the Ilande of Dites in the south sea The Ilande of Margaritea Os Draconis Paria A conflict The kyng of the Ilande of Dites submitteth him selfe The kynges pallace A hundreth and ten pounde weight of pearles Axes and hatchets more esteemed then golde The kynges wordes Ilandes rych in golde and pearles C. pounde weyght of pearles yeerely for a tribute Plentie of Hartes and Cunnies Wyne of fruits and seeds The kyng is baptised The fyft part of pearles due to the kyng Byg pearles A pearle for a Pope An other pearle of great price Nyse and superfluous pleasures Dyuers opinions of the generation of pearles Hearbes in the bottome of the sea A hundred pearles in one shell fyshe The matrice of the pearle fyshe The byrth of pearles Where the biggest meane and least pearls are engendred Sea crabbes The sea muscles wherein pearles are engendred The regions of the East syde of the gulfe of Vraba The region of Caribana The original of the Canibales The villages of Caribana Manhunters Bookes Loke in the begynnyng of the booke of the landes lately founde Circumcised people What chaunced to the Capitaynes whiche the gouernour sent dyuers wayes Looke decade iii. liber vi The vioage of Iohannes Solisius Cab. S. Augustini Iohn Solisius is slayne of the Canibales The fyrcenes of the Canibales Brasyle Iohannes Pontius is repulsed by the Canibales The voyage of Iohannes Aiora Looke Decade iii. liber vi The lewde behauiour of Iohn Aiora The variable fortune of Gonsalus Badaiocius
fyghting Fruitefull Gotes Rammes with buckes hornes Canonisyng of saintes The wyfe burneth her selfe after the death of her husband Daunsyng deuylles Sacrifice to the deuyll The hygh way to hell Great respecte of fame and honestie Writyng Mecha The citie of Bangella An army of two hundred thousand men Spices and silke Riche merchantes Precious stones Christians Lignum Aloes Laserpitium Belzoi Castoreum Christian Princes vnder the great Cham of Cathay Christian Princes neare the Turkes dominions Corall of great pryce Rubies Pego. Idolaters White men Christians Great Reedâ—â— â–ª Muske catteâ— â–ª Precious stones and spices Capela Smaragdes or Emeraldes Great riches of Iewelles and precious stones A kyng shinyng with earthly starres The kyng sacrifyceth to the deuyll Corall The kyng and the merchant contende of liberalitie Commendation of the Persians A casket full of Rubies A Princely gyfte Colours A ryuer of .xxv. myles brode The Ilande of Sumetra or Taprobana Chini or China Popingayes Sandalum Tyn. Spices and silke Vnruly people Anarchia The Ilande of Samatra or Samotra Foure kynges in one Iland Women burns them selues Iustice. Coyned mony of golde syluer and tynne Elephantes Long Pepper Cathay or Catai a colde region Sylke of the trees Laserpitium or Belzoe Litle true Aloes or Laserpitium Sarnau Cathay and other rych countreys Aloes of very sweete sauour The proofe of Laserpitium Lacca merchantes waxe Shyppes of a straunge fashion Swymmers Great hydes of fyshes Great teeth of Elephantes Great Serpentes The name of Hierusalem in reuerence Anarchia Lawlesse people Idolaters The Nuttemegge tree Mace All thynges common Nuttemegges of small price The lawe of nature These Ilandes of spyces are called Moluccdae and in them is seene the rare byrde named Manucodiata or paradisea The Cloue tree Cloues dearer then Nutmegs The Ilande of Gyaua Bornei â–ª Veronica or Vernacle The headdes of Peter and Paule The Ilande of Bornei Idolaters Camphora The north star The starres about the pole Antartike The lode stone serueth in the south regions beyonde the Equinoctiall line Antipodes Idolaters The Image of the deuyll Sylke of trees Smaragdes Golde Copper Whyte men good people Byrdes and foules Impoysoned arrowes Trunkes Anthropophagi eate mans fleshe In the West India they are called Caniballes A straunge pittie Rather to butchers then woormes Emeraldes of great price Gelded children Sana Seuen thousande Ilandes Malacha or Melacha Colon. Portugales Two Christians of Milan in Calecut The Christians haue made a rodde for their owne arsse The Nauie of Portugale A great peece of ordinaunce A Iewe that made Gunnes and shyppes was drowned Repentaunce Predestination A fortresse of the Portugales in the citie of Canonor Hipocrisie A Sainct by hipocrisie A glister A straunge ministring of a glister More good happe then cunnyng Sely soules Trumpettes in the steede of belles Not all thac say Lord Lord. c. Some of them say that he is rysen God the father The virgin Marie Merchantes of Calecut Noeros are gentlemen of the kynges garde The Gouernoure of Portugales fortresse The Viceroy of the kyng of Portugall in India Concubineâ— and slaues 〈…〉 Beware of couetousnesse The Byshop of the Mahumetans The Mahumetans conspire the death of the Christians An Oration The death of Iohn Maria and Peter Antonye The frenche poxe The nauie of the kyng of Calecut agaynst the Portugals â–ª The Mahumetan soldiers The oration of the gouernour to the Christian soldiers The nauie of the Mahumetans The Admirall of the Christians The quarel and occasion of the warre The Mahumetans geue the onset The valyantnesse of the Admirall A great slaughter of the mahumetans The valiantnesse of Iohn Seranus Fewe Chrians slayne The valiantnesse of Simon Martin A Stratageme Tenne Mahumetan shyps soonke with the shot of great artillerie The Christians had the victorie An other great conflicte The Mahumetans slayne in swimming The Mahumetans experte in swimmyng The kyng of Canonor The valiantnesse of the Portugales The death of the kyng of Canonor A newe expedition against the Christians Long warres Great oddes The Mahumetans artillerie The order of the Mahumetans Campe. Instrumentes Outragious out crye The arryuyng of a newe Nauie of Portugales The Mahumetans seeke to make peace with the Christians The peace concluded A pleasaunt fable Sainct Christopher the Christian Giant The enemyes confesse that God gaue the victorie Simple and ignorant people Messis multa sed operarii pauci c. The Masse No more can wyser men then they Inchaunters and of great agilitie The Ilande of Monzambrich Melinda The kyng of Portugales dominion in Ethiopia The conquestes of Tristan dè Cugna Sacutara Cumeris Pendè Zaphala Golde Blacke Mahumetans Trogloditae Ethiopes Heardes of Elephantes Elephantes are afrayde of fyre An Apyshe language Rych merchandies for golde Kyne very good cheape Trogloditae Cabo dè Buena Speranza The Ilande of Sainct Laurence or Madagascar The kyng of Portugale The Christian religion spreadâ—th in India Tempest An exceedyng great shyppe and great ryches of spyces Great Whale fyshes The Ilande of Ascention Saylyng by the north starre in regioÌ„s beneath the Equinoctiall lyne Malacha Tachola The Ilandes of Malucha The Alande of Samotra Spices Calecut Ceilam Cathay China Pretious stones Sylke Cantan One caratte is iiii graynes â–ª Which is one crowne of golde Which are .iii. crownes of golde A Marcell is a siluer coyne of Venice of .xi. vnâ—es iii.d with 〈◊〉 wherof .x. make an ounce Don Peter Martyr Rome sacked A daye lost in three yeeres one moneth It is now found with one master Harold a prebend in wyndsor Antonie Pigafetta Iacobus Faber Maximilian Transiluane The rewarde of noble enterprise The antiquitie had no such knowledge of the world as we haue The Ilandes of Molucca Aurea Chersonesus Malaccha Spices The Ilandes of Spices vnknowen in olde tyme. The Phenix Plinie The nauigations of great Alexander Ethiope Trogloditi The nauigation about the worlde The olde autours Monsters The wages of the Spanyards and Portugales Sebastian Munster The Ilandes of Molucca Controuersie betweene the Spanyardes and Portugales Ferdinando Magalianes The Cape of saint Vicent The Ilandes of Canarie Water engendred of a clude The Iland of S. Thomas Capo verde Guinea in Ethiope Fyshes and monsters of the sea The fyre of S. Helene and S. Nicolas A tempest The natural cause of suche fyres as fall in the shyppes Cardanus Two kyndes of fiers engendred of exhalations True fyre and false fyre Castor and Pollux The lightes of Sainct Peter and Sainct Nicolas They lost the sight of the North starre The Ilande of Brasile The South pole Suger The greatnesse of the lande of Brasile Caniballes Giantes Insulae gemmarum Cap. S. Marie The pole Antartike Geese Sea woolues The .xlix. degree of the South pole Giantes The bygnesse of the Giantes An other Giant Foure other Giantes Two Giantes are taken by a pollicie The deuyll Setebos Deuyls appeare to the Giantes when they dye Patagoni The Giantes feeding They conspire against theyr Captayne Confession The straight of Magellanus The South sea
not vnlyke of heare They haue eyes lyke swyne the snout or trunke very long wherwith they put meate and drinke into their mouth and therefore may it well be called the hande of the Elephant The mouth is vnder the throte much lyke the mouth of a Sowe and the trunke is holowe and can therwith holde fast stickes or slaues and them rule as it were with a hande I sawe also the trunke of a tree ouerthrowen by an Elephant which xxiiii men attempting could not doe The two great teeth or tuskes are placed in the highest iawe Ech of their eares are two handfuls byg whether the beast be of the bygger or lesse kinde The feete are like vnto such round thicke trenchers of wood as he commonly vsed The foote conteineth fyue hoofes in roundnesse like vnto great Oysters The tayle is lyke to the tayle of a Bufle foure handfull long and of thyn heare The Females are also bigger then the Males they are of sundry bignes for some are of .xiii. handfuls high and other of .xiiii. handfuls and some also haue been seene of sixtiene handfuls They goe slowly and walowing and therfore some that haue not ben vsed to them are moued to vomite euen as it were on the sea Yet is it a pleasure to ryde on the young Elephantes bicause they goe softly like ambeling Mules When you mount on them they stoope bend their knees that you may easily ascende They are neuer brydeled neyther vse theyr keepers any halters to gouerne them Of the ingendering of Elephantes and of the magnificence riches of the king of Narsinga Cap. 10. WHen they ingender they resorte to the medowes or woods for by a certaine naturall shamefastnesse they doe it not but in secrete places Although some Aucthours haue written that Elephants engender backward Some take it for a great present to giue the king the member or pissell of an Elephant whiche perhappes they doe for the exceedyng great price of Elephantes For some are solde there for fyue hundred peeces of golde and some as they say for two thousande which peraduenture is not for theyr greatnesses of bodie but rather for certayne properties wyt docilitie wherein some farre exceede other euen as among men And I dare well say that I haue seene some men much inferior to Elephants in wyt and sense Therefore the kyng of Narsinga in riches and dominion farre exceedeth all kynges that euer I haue seene or hearde of The citie in situation and fayrenesse representeth the citie of Milane except only that it is in a declining place and lesse equal Other kingdoms which are subiect to this lye round about it as the kyngdome of Ausonia Venice lye about Milane Their Bramini so are the priestes named tolde me y t the king receiueth dayly of that citie for tribute or reuenue the summe of twelue thousandes of those peeces of golde whiche they call Pardios He maynteyneth an army of many thousandes of men for he liueth in continuall warre with his borderers He is an Idolatour and honoureth the deuyl euen as doth the kyng of Calecut They that are of the rychest sorte vse a slender inwarde apparell or peticote not very long and bynde theyr heades with a phillet or broade bande of sundry colours after the maner of the Mahumetans The common sorte couer only theyr priuities and are besyde all naked The kyng weareth a Cappe of cloth of golde of two handfulles long when he goeth to warre he weareth a vesture of bombasine and thereon a cloke adourned with plates of gold hauyng the borderer garde besette with all sortes of precious stones and Iewelles His horse with the furniture is esteemed to bee woorth as muche as one of our cities by reason of innumerable Iewelles of great price When he goeth a huntyng three other kynges beare him company whose office is to be euer neare him and guyde him When he maketh any iourney or rydeth abrode he is accompanyed with six thousand horsemen And therefore it is manifeste that not only for these thynges whereof we haue spoken but also for dyuers other of lyke magnificence hee is one of the greatest Kynges in the worlde He coyneth money and peeces of golde named Pardios Also other siluer money of lesse value whiche they call Fano conteynyng the value of sixtiene of the smallest money of copper Traueylers may here goe safely through all his dominions if they can auoyde the daunger of the Lions Of theyr dyet and order of lyuyng I will speake more largely where occasion shall serue to wryte of Calecut This kyng of Narsinga is a great friende to the Christians and is in great amitie with the kyng of Portugale and besyde him hee knoweth none other Christian Prince and therefore the Portugales are here friendly and honourably vsed When I had remayned in this citie many dayes I returned to the citie of Canonor And after I had remayned there three dayes I entered further into the lande and came to a citie named Trompata about twelue myles from Canonor The inhabitauntes are Idolatours It is neare vnto the sea and therefore there are seene many merchantes Mahumetans They lyue moderately haue in maner none other ryches then nuttes of India but there are very fayre trees to make shyppes There are in the citie aboue fiftiene thousande Mahumetans although the Kyng be an Idolatour Departyng from hence I came to the citie of Pandara and from thence passyng by the citie of Capagot I came at the length to the famous citie of Calecut And to be breefe I haue here ouerpassed to speake largely of many other people and kyngdomes as are these Chianul Dabul Bathecalo Onouè Bangolor Cauonor Cuchin Cacilon and Calonue which I haue done to the ende that I may entreat more largely of Calecut as the chiefest and as it were the head and metropolitane of all the cities of India For it is certayne that the Kyng of Calecut in royall maiestie exceedeth all the kynges of the East and is therefore in theyr language called Samory that is to say God on the earth The fyfth booke of East India and fyrst of the famous citie of Calecut Cap. 1. THe citie of Calecut is situate vppon the continent or firme lande and the sea beateth vppon the houses of the citie There is no porte but on the South syde about a myle from the citie is a ryuer which runneth into the Ocean sea by a narow mouth This runneth by many braunches into the playne feeldes and is of the inhabitantes by diuers trenches dispearsed to water the grounde It is not past the depth of three or foure foote of water The course of it bendeth towarde the citie and runneth into it The citie is not compassed with walles but conteyneth in circuite sixe thousande houses not adherent or ioynyng togeather after the maner of ours but by a
certayne space distant one from the other eyther for feare of fyre or by ignorance of the builders It is a myle of length The houses are despicable as no hygher from the grounde then a man on horsebacke and are for the most parte couered with boughes of trees in the steede of tiles or other coueryng The cause whereof they say to bee that in digging the grounde fyue or sixe handfull depth water immediately issueth foorth And therefore they can laye no deeper foundations to beare the weyght of any greater buyldynges The houses of merchandyse or warehouses are solde for fyftiene or twentie peeces of golde But the common houses are of no greater price then two peeces of golde at the most and some for lesse Of the kyng of Calecut and of their Idolatrie Cap. 2. THe kyng of Calecut and his people are gyuen to Idolatrie and seruyng of the deuyll yet deny they not but that there is one great God maker of heauen and earth and fyrst and chiefe cause of all thinges But they adde therevnto a fable saying that God coulde take no pleasure of his principate or dominion if hee him selfe shoulde take vppon him the gouernement of the worlde and therefore that he gaue the vicarage of that gouernance to the deuyll who they say was sent from heauen for that purpose and to iudge the worlde renderyng vnto men well or euyll accordyng to theyr deseruyng This deuyll they name Deumo But the great God him selfe they call I amerani The kyng hath a Chapel in his Pallace where he honoureth this Deumo the Chapell is open on euery syde the breadth of a vaulte of two pases and is no hygher from the grounde then three pases The entraunce is by a doore of wood garnished with carued woorke conteynyng the dyuers monstruous fourmes and shapes of deuylles In the myddest of the Chapell is a seate of maiestie made of copper with also a deuyll of copper sittyng in it This deuyll hath on his head a crowne after the maner of the byshop of Rome but this hath ouerplus foure hornes his mouth gapyng with foure notable teeth a deformed nose louryng and grymme eyes a threatenyng looke crooked handes lyke a fleshe hooke and feete not much vnlyke the feete of a Cocke A monster doubtlesse horrible and fearefull to beholde In euery corner of the Chapell sit such deuylles of shining copper as though they were of flamyng fyre deuouryng soules miserably These soules are about the bygnesse of halfe a finger and some litle bigger He putteth one soule in his mouth with the ryght hande and with the lefte hande taketh an other from beneath Euery mornyng the priestes whom they call Bramini washe the Idoll with rose water and perfume him with sweete sauours and lying prostrate on the grounde pray vnto him They sacrifice vnto him once a weeke Theyr maner of sacrifice is this They haue a little cubbarde lyke vnto an Altar three handfulles hygh foure handfuls brode and fyue handfuls long this cubbard they strawe with all maner of floures and sweete pouders Then hauyng a great Chafingdyshe or the lyke vessell of siluer full of burnyng coles they put the blood of the Cocke thereon and also cast thereon innumerable sweete sauours In the meane tyme also with sensours in theyr handes they goe rounde about the Altar makyng perfume with frankensence ringyng a little siluer bell all the whyle of the sacrifice They kyll the Cocke with a siluer knyfe and the knyfe also being rayed with blood they put often in the fyre that no parte of the blood be lost Sometyme hauyng the knyfe in theyr hande they make certayne straunge gestures much lyke to those which the masters offense vse in giuyng or auoyding of strokes They neuer ceasse puttyng to more coles and spices or perfumes vntyl all the blood of the Cocke be burnt The priest that offereth the blood of the Cocke hath his armes and feete garnyshed with siluer plates and pendantes in such sorte that whyle hee moueth they make a certayne noyse much lyke vnto sonettes or Haukes belles He hath on his brest a certayne bosse conteynyng I know not what secrete figure which may seeme to be the secrete caract or signe of some mysterie The sacrifice being finished he taketh both his handes full of wheate and goeth from the Alter backeward lyke a Creuice neuer mouyng his eyes from the Alter vntyll he come to a certayne tree where openyng his handes hee casteth the wheate on the tree Then holdyng his handes aboue his head he returneth to the Alter and taketh away all that is thereon Of the maner which the kyng vseth at his meate Cap. 3. THe Kyng doeth not sit downe to his meate before foure of the priestes offer it to the deuyl in this maner Lifting theyr handes aboue theyr heades with also many other fantasticall gesticulations and murmuryng voyces they offer the meate to the deuyl spende long tyme in those ceremonyes to the end that the kyng should eate no meat that is not first offered to the deuyll They offer the meate in a tray of wood and therin laye it vppon the brode leaues of a certayne tree His meat is Ryse and dyuers other thinges as fruite fleshe and fyshe He sitteth on the grounde without cloth or Carpet The priestes in the meane tyme stande rounde about him but approcheth no nearer then foure or fyue pases obseruyng diligently the kinges woordes When the kyng hath lefte eatyng the priestes carry away all that is lefte and in a certayne place thereto appointed offer it to certayne Crowes which they keepe for the same purpose And therefore being vsed to be thus fedde geather togeather at a signe gyuen them and eate vp the meate These crowes are therefore of them esteemed holy and therefore it is not lawfull for any man to take them or hurte them Of the Priestes of Calecut called Bramini â–ª Cap. 4. THese Bramini are in place with them as are the chiefe priestes or byshoppes with vs. Therefore when the king shall marrie he lyeth not with his wyfe before shee be defloured by the Archbyshop yet taketh he not this vppon him without rewarde for the kyng gyueth him for his labour fiftie peeces of golde Only the kyng of Calecut keepeth this custome Of the dyuers sortes of Idolaters in the citie of Calecut Cap. 5. THe chiefest Idolaters and of the greatest dignitie are the Bramini They of the seconde order are named Naeri And in the same place with them as are with gentelmen whose office is when they go abrode to beare swoordes targettes bowes launces and other weapons The thyrde order consysteth of mecanike or handie craftes men In the fourth place are vitaylers and suche as make prouision of fyshe and fleshe Next vnto these are they that geather Pepper Wyne Walnuttes and suche other fruites and
Cerabaro Decade iii.li.iiii The South sea A league contayneth foure myles by sea and but three by lande The golden region Coiba Dites Sande myxt with golde Howe theyr slaues are marked in the face Golde A fruitefull region left desolate by ciuile discorde Syxe thousand Castellans of golde kyng Taracuru Foure thousand pesos of gold Salte Theyr maner of warre Gonsalus Badaiocius hath the ouerthrowe and is spoiled of great riches of gold The inconstancie of fortune The expedition of Fraunces Bezarra aganst the Canibales Gunnes Valleius repulsed of his enemies The Ilands of the South sea In this sea lye the Ilandes of Mollucca most fruitfull of spyces Collacutea Cochinus and Camemorus from whence the Portugales haue their spyces He meaneth by the streight of Magellanus Howe they take Hartes and wylde Bores Stocke doues Theyr maner of foulyng Popingiayes are easily taken A straunge kynde of foulyng Fyshes and worms engendred of slyme Foules Gourdes of the tree Later opinions of the swyft course of the Ocean toward the West The continent or fyrme lande The vyages of Diegus Colonus The viage from the new lands to Spain The contrary course of waters The poynt of the pole starre The golde mynes of Dariena and the maner of geatheryng golde Our inclosers would leaue no such commens Auri sacra Fames The dropsie of couetousnesse Looke Decade 3. Liber 10. Cities fortifyed with walles The Ilande of Cuba or Fernandina The Spaniards of Cuba attempt new vyages The West angle of Cuba Note The Ilande of Iucatana A great citie well buylded Temples Humane people Cunnyng artifycers Apparelled people Circumcised Idolaters Campechium A towne of three thousand houses Plentie of beastes and foules Theyr Idoles and Idolatry Houses of lime and stone The prouince Aquanil Mosco The Spanyardes are put to flyght and many slayne An other expedition The Ilande of Cozumella Sweete sauoures A fruitefull Ilande Towres and temples Cozumella named Scancta Crux Idles lyke Beares Idolatry Gentle people Iucanata but fyue myles from Cozumella The Barbarians make resistance A conflict The length of Iucatana The region of Caluacam or Oloan. The riuer Grisalua 〈◊〉 and 〈…〉 Armur of gold Expert artificers Fyshe hokes of golde The Ilandes of Sacrifice Chyldren sacrificed to Idols Theyr Idoles of marble Golde and precious stones A stone of great price Ilandes of women Golde Houses lyke Towres .xv. great townes in the prouince of Coluacana Townes of .xx. thousand houses The region of Palmaria A token of frendshyp Priestes Chastitie The punishment of adulterie Mariage is honoured Fasting Kyng Ouandus Idoles iewels and ouches of golde Gold in mountaynes and riuers Theyr maner of geathering golde Sweete sauours A stone of great price Other viages from Cuba oâ— Fernandina Many Ilands betweene Cuba and the fyrme lande Sanctiago the chiefe citie of Cuba The Barbarians slep the Spaniardes with theyr own weapons The chiefe citie of the supposed continent The Spanyardes are slaine againe with their owne weapons The Barbarians are slayne and put to flyght A multitude of Ilandes Archipelagus â–ª An other viage xxvi Ilandes about Hispaniola Cuba Images of golde Rasers of stone Instruments and tooles Landes lyke vnto the earthly Paradyse An other vyage of ten Carauels and fyue hundred men Horses and mares Fernando Cortesius The Ilande of Cozumella Carpettes and sheetes Innumerable bookes Circumcised Idolaters They Sacrifyce Children The Ilandes of Destam and Sestam The sacrifice of dogges They are soone perswaded to our religion This people leauing one kynde of Idolatry be taught another An other viage Aquillaris .vii. yeeres captiue in the Ilande of Iucatana Valdiuia The shipwrack of Valdiuia The quicke sandes called vypers The course of the sea toward the West Valdiuia is sacrificed to Idoles How Aquillaris escaped Kyng Taxmarus The mouth of a ryuer stopped with sande Turky Hens A conflicte The Barbarians arâ— put to flyght The great towne of Potanchana or Victoria A towne of xxv thousande houses Gunnes and horses The men and the horse â–ª thought to be one beast Palaces of maruelous bygnes and well buylded They receyue our religion A towne of a thousand and fyue hundred houses Another voiage of two brigantines and fyftie men Where the sea runneth swyftly from the East to the West A conflict betweene the waters comming from the West and from the South A dangerous and payneful vyage The lande of Coluacana The lande of Baccalaos oâ— Baccalearum Rych presentes of golde and pretious stones A newe colonie This Cortesius hath written a booke of these thynges They weare rynges and plates at theyr lyppes The dyuers phantasies of men Syluer Note where golde and syluer are engendred I thinke this Laton to be some kynde of pure Copper or els Copper that holdeth golde For Laton is an artificial metall and hath no natural myne Theyr bookes Theyr letters What is conteyned in theyr bookes Temples richely adourned Prayer They sacrifice children and captiues A wrong way to heauen Bloody gods Villa Ricca Siuilla Noua The force of an old errour Theyr priests lyue chast Faggotes of bones A figure of baptisme The presentes sent into Spayne to the kyng Two Images of golde and siluer Two cheynes of golde marueylously beset with precious stones and iewelles Buskyns Myters How can we then call them beastly or Barbarous If they had chaunged theyr golde for our Iron â–ª they had not so soone been subdued Quylles Helmets A byrd Speares A scepter A braselet Shooes Glasses Bâ—â—ds foules and fyshes of golde A crowne of golde Images of beastes Sheetes Cloth of Arras A souldyers cloake Registers of th affayres of India Thaucthoritie of the Lieuetenaunt The Spanyardes of Dariena Sansta Maria Antiqua Petrus Arias whom the Spanyardes name Pediarias This sea the Spanyardes call Mardelser Contention betweene Vaschus and Petrus Arias Petrus Arias commaundeth that Vaschus be put to death Vaschus is accused Vaschus is put to death Petrus Arias Lupus Sosa The great ryuer of Dabaiba or Grandis The gulfe of Vraba The ryche mountaynes of Dabaiba Fierce waclyke people Dartes Swoordes of heauy wood Hispaniola Ouiedus wryteth that there are now fyue monasteries Newe and straunge diseases The suger of Hispaniola Suger of Valentia A token of marueylous fruitfulnes Wheat Vines Cassia Fistula Brasyle Myrobalanes Cap. 5. August A marke is a pounde of viii ounces summa xvi.li weyght .viii. ounces after xii ounces to the .li. Of this reade more largely in the decades By the computation of Venice foure granes make a Caract Doctrine not worthy for a christian man Vipers Adders Dragons Spiders Crabbes Serpentes called Iuanni Beâ—res Antes â–ª A strange beast which seemeth a kind of Cameleon Foules and byrdes Alcatraz Panama Passere sempie Picuti Folyshe sparowes Cazzuole Pintadelli Great foules Cocus I haue seene one of these fruites opened the whiche when it was whole if it were shaken the water was harde shogge therein as it were in a bottle but in tyme it consumed and was partly congeled into a saâ—te
substaunce Great trees A marueylous tree Kyndlyng of fyre without fyre Putrified woodde shynyng in the nyght Plinie Trees whiche continue euer greene Cassia A secrete thyng Radycall moysture Platani Fygges Tunas Bihaos Hauas Dying of cotton A strange thyng Note Caniballes archers Wherwith they inuenome theyr arrowes Petrus Arias The water of the sea The gulfe of Uraba Xagua Hohi Some thinke these to be mirobalanes Date trees Thinhabitauntes of the sea of Sur. An hearbe that beareth cordes Cabuia and Henequen A strange thing Leaues A leafe of great vertue Tiburons Manates Great Tortoyses Tiburons Plinie Crocodiles Manates The fyshe Manate A remedy agaynst the stone The swoorde fyshe Tunnye Turbut Note Fleeyng fyshes The Iland of Bermuda Not to hie for the Pye nor to lowe for the Crowe Beragua The west Ocean The sea Mediterraneum Hispaniola Cuba The South sea The power and wysedome of God is sene in his creatures Esquegua and Vrraca Nomen Dei Panama The ryuer of Chagre The Ilande Bastimento The marueylous brydge The Ilandes of Molucca The commoditie of this viage Tigers Plantes and hearbes Birdes Men. Sheepe Bulles Iucca Battes Plinie The Tiger The huntyng of Tigers A rewarde for kyllyng of Tygers Colonus compared to Hercules The pyllers of Hercules The strayghtes of Gibilterra Note Plus Vltra Howe farre the Emperours maiestie excelleth Hercules A Tyger made tame The Indian women The men of India The kyng is borne on mens backes Lettyng of blood They haue no beardes They paynte their bodies The Canibals Armure of golde Their galantnesse in the Warres Theyr Iuelles Howe the women beare vp theyr teates with barres of golde The stature colour of the Indians The Indians called Coronati The Ilande of Giantes Iucatos The sculles of the Indians heades Newe Spaine The houses of the Christians in India Dariena Gardens Men are desirous of newe thynges The commodities of Hispaniola Englande and Sicilie Golde mynes Cotton Cassia Suger Plantes and hearbes Great thynges hyndred by respect of present gaynes Oranges Pomegranats Fygges all the yeere Dates Beastes Great heardes of cattayle Good pasture The effect of continuall and moderate heate The cause of fat nouryshment Beastes of long lyfe in regions about the Equinoctial line Trees whose leaues do not wyther The canker of the tree Long lyued men in India Paradise neare the Equinoctiall line Sheepe and Hogges Dogges and Cattes become wylde The situation of Hispaniola The citi of San Domenico The ryuer Ozama The Hauen A cathadrall churche and monasteris in Hispaniola An Hospitall The people Glowormes Crowes stinkyng sweete Sainct Iohn his Ilande â–ª Iamaica Partriches Pellettes for Gunnes wrought by nature A fountayne of the pytche of Bitumen Quintus Cursius Bitumen of Babylon Panuco Baccalaos Indians Ryche furres and syluer Idolaters The citie of Mexico or Temixtitan Golde and syluer Sylke Cotton Alame Woade Suger Shelles for mony Corne. Beastes Haukyng and huntyng Payntyng WomeÌ„ sumptuously appareled A warlyke nation Captiues sacrificed to Idoles Peru is the rychest land that is knowen A house couered with golde Harnesse of golde A fruitfull region Great sheepe The dutie of Christian Princes Paraue Iohn Dias Solis The Iland Martinus Gratias The viage of Sebastian Cabot to the riuer of Plata Charlis Ophir Cipango Cathay The ryuer of Plata Marueylous fruitefulnes Mountaynes conteynyng golde and syluer Great sheepe Theyr colour Men with deformed legges The way to the Ilandes of Molucca by the north sea The Spanyardes Gasper Cortesreales Insula Cortesreales Snowe and Ise. Furres Fyshe Gryfes Beares The Britons Sebebastian Cabot The lande of Baccallaos The viage of Cabot in the dayes of king Henry the seuenth I se in Iuly Baccallaos Brytons Danes Iaques Cartyre The people of Baccallaos Fyshing for Tunnies Laborador Iohn Ponce Water of great vertue of this reade in the Decades Bemini Guaccana The Canibales Boriquen The death of Iohn Ponce The lande of Florida Ferdinando de Soto The valiant myndes of the Spanyardes The thyrd attempt of the conquest of Florida Certayne Fryers attempt the conquest onely with wordes but with euyll successe The Fryers are slayne and eaten A newe kynde of disgradyng 1. By the southeast 2. By the southwest 3. By the northeast Ortel tab Asiae 3. 4. By the Northwest Ob. 1. In Theatro Ob. 2. Ob. 3. Ob. 4. 5. Ob. Ob. 6. Cic. i. de orat Arist. pri Metaph. Lib. i. Geog. Cap. 2. Sol. i. Sol. 2. Oued 1. Meta. Sol. 3. Sol. 4. Lib. Geog. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lib. 2. Meteor Cap. 1. Plin. lib. 2. Cap. 67. Sol. 5. Sol. 6. Luc. lib. 1. Pharsal VVhat the easterne currant is Lib. 1. Geog. Cap. 2. Fuquien Cinceo Cantan Chequeam Xutiamfu Chelim Quianci rather Quinzi Pachin al. Pochang Theyr monethes Loutea Chian al. Chaen Ponchiassi Anchiassi al. Hexasi Tuzi Taissu Licentiates Doctors Dutch lyke We that is the Italians and Spaniardes After the Dutch fation Pithigorian lyke The Italians call it the strapadâ— A pylleâ—â— boorde Of like the first lenders be the more welthier Fuquieo Hereof to fore Parai Tamen the proper name of China Pochang al. Theyr enemies Maryage of the kynges children He speaketh not here of all China but of the cities for in other places there be beggers as you haue seene already swarmyng out of trees He speaketh of Fuquien shyre Aliis Cenchi The kynges reuenues Parai That is theyr temples It shoulde seeme by their voyage to be Cardandan in Ortelius It seemeth they came vp the riuer from the Caspian sea At cacan Ali. Auoins Tartares Mounte Vsont Mogorites Bremes Southwarde from Chenchi to the sea Auoins Chenchi Goa is a citie of the Portugales in East Indie Theyr gouernement Tundi P. 231. But his almes are very good Inambuxu Genguis The Giaponish Funerals Ainan 〈…〉 Santianum The Romane Empyre 4. hundreth yeeres of ignoraunce East India well knowen in olde time Strabo The great rychesse of Egypt The citie of Alexandria Marueylous rychesse The gouernaunce and reuenues of the Romanes Trogloditica and India The gulfe of Arabia Ethiope Rych customs The rychesse whiche were brought in olde time from India and the redde sea The commision of Themperours Marcus and Comodus The great riches the kings of Egypt had by customes The noble enterpryses of the kings of Egypt Arsinoe Damiata Pelusio Nilus Copto Berenice A nauigable trenche made from Egypt to the red sea Lacus amari King Sesostre King Psammiticus Kyng Darius Kyng Ptolomeus The citie Heroum What Plinie writeth of the nauigable trenche The largenesse and length of the trenche The viage by land from Egypt to the red sea What kyng Ptolomeus discouered Alcayre The viage to East India frequented in olde tyme. The customes and maners of the Indians The voyage to Cathay Rycharde Chaunceler A learned descourse of dyuers voyages The voyages of the Portugales The worlde hangyng in the ayre What is knowen of the lower hemispherie The lande of Brasile Peru. The charg and dutie of Christian princes Note