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A13216 Redde debitum. Or, A discourse in defence of three chiefe fatherhoods grounded upon a text dilated to the latitude of the fift Commandement; and is therfore grounded thereupon, because 'twas first intended for the pulpit, and should have beene concluded in one or two sermons, but is extended since to a larger tract; and written chiefely in confutation of all disobedient and factious kinde of people, who are enemies both to the Church and state. By John Svvan. Swan, John, d. 1671. 1640 (1640) STC 23514; ESTC S118031 127,775 278

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hatred to satisfie spleen under the colour of executing good and honest lawes For without this justice may beturned into wormewood and Physick be made as bad as poyson no good at all being found in that which otherwise in it selfe is as hath beene said the very life of the Law yea in a word such an heart is here requisite as will abandon all favour and by respect even as the first will be free from ignorance and the second from feare It was well done therefore of that honest Roman who being knowne sufficient to exercise the place of a Iudge was chosen by the Senate as one fit for that office and at the first was much unwilling to meddle with it but at the last though with much adoe undertaking it he made a great feast to which he caled all his kinsfolkes friends and best acquaintance and in solemne manner tooke his leave of them all pretending that he was to travell farre way from them into a strange countrey at which they waxed sorrowfull whereupon he related to them the whole matter namely that now being called to execute the office of a Iudge he must be a stranger to them all and bee as if indeed hee were travelled farre away from them for looke what hee did must bee without respect of persons leaning to one no more then to another but doing justice and judgment with an even hand punishing even friends as well as others if they fall within the compasse of careles offenders And indeed there was good reason for all this for when men bee put in place of authoritie and bee either ignorant envious partiall or regardlesse they must needs do harme in the stead of good not onely in giving cause of scandall to their callings but in hindring also the increase of Religion which by the meanes of them who both know and uprightly do their offices is the better both upholden and increased But leaving these and returning againe to amplifie this point concerning the chiefe head It is not as the Anabaptist would have it for then there should bee none at all neither head nor Bodie all should be equall nothing proper all common But what ground for this It is a tenet which hath neither good nor ground witnesse the very frame of the world the Hierarchy of Angels the degrees of that glory which is Celestiall and the parts of mans naturall body For in the frame and order of nature all creatures are subordinate unto their superiours even untill they come to the highest supreame power beyond which there is no transcending And among the Elements the Earth is under the water the water under the ayre the ayre under the fire and among the starres one starre is higher bigger and brighter then another For one starre differeth from another starre in glory In which order the superiour bodies by their influences the elements by their alterations not onely bring perfection to the whole but is even the preservation of the whole without which it would fall and that instantly run into ruine and meet with that first Chaos from out of which within the space of one bare week of daies it was orderly produced beautifully builded Nay go a little higher and in the heavens are Archangels Angels Principalities Powers Dominions Thrones Cherubins and Seraphins There are also diversities of degrees in glorie For in my fathers house saith Christ are many mansion places Iohn 14.2 if it were not so I would have told you Ioh. 14.2 And how are they many They are many First in respect of the object because they be not ordained for Christ onely or for the Angels or for the blessed and holy Apostles but for all the Saints Martyrs and Confessours Even for as many in every ranke as shall continue faithfull untill the death for they are sure of the crowne of life Revel 2.10 Many also secondly in respect of the subject or largenesse of the place which is able to containe those many soules which from time to time have wrought out their salvation with feare and trembling and walked in the holy wayes of Gods Commandements And many last of all in respect of the diversitie of the adjoyned glory even as in hell Luke 12.47 be degrees of torment For if there bee a difference in torment then also a difference in glory according to that of Saint Paul who by a comparison taken from the starres proveth a difference in such as are raysed to eternall happinesse And of this opinion is Saint Austin and many other of the holy fathers together with the greatest streame of our moderne Divines and they prove it cheifly out of Math. 10.41 Luk. 12.47 Luke 16.23 1 Cor. 15.41 and 2 Cor. 9.6 namely that the Saints in heaven have divers degrees of glory some more some lesse according to their measure of faith and charity zeale and godlines in this present life And in the body naturall there bee likewise many parts severall members and ligaments of which some are more honourable than other the head above the foote the eye above the legge and so of the rest The one part cannot say to the other I have no need of thee nor thou of mee For in their functions each one serves to helpe anothers need and are all necessary to the mutuall succour and defence of one another So in the body politicke there must be an head eyes and hands as well as feete The wise the noble the noble the mighty must governe the foolish ignorant and weake suppresse the stubborne and bridle the obstinate For thus doth order maintaine the brittle fabricke of the world from ruine inlarge heavens happinesse and take away from man the shape of monster in stead whereof he standeth as the best most exquisite harmonious and perfect peice of Gods building for in the visible world there is nought excells him And shall then the body politicke be all feet and no head it cannot it may not it must not be For beside all this we have heard the Scripture mentioning subjection to the higher powers And wee have heard of a power superiour to the rest In which regard the adverse tenets are nothing worth Nor is it secondly as the consistorian or dangerous Puritane would have it for By me Kings reigne saith the Lord Prov. 8.15 which the King of Babylon was taught not onely in a dreame but by a voice sent downe from heaven namely that the most high ruleth in the kingdomes of men and to whomsoever hee will hee giveth it Dan 4.25.32 And so also else-where Kings are plainly said to hold their crownes of God For I and not the people saith the Lord have said yee are Gods Psal 82.6 Yee are Gods See some other proofes in 2 Sam. 11.7 1 Kin. 2.24 1 Kin. 11.31 Iob 36.7 and t is I that have advanced you to that high honour Ye are Gods in title though not equall in power I have given yee my name although not my nature I have said yee
REDDE DEBITVM OR A DISCOVRSE IN defence of three chiefe Fatherhoods grounded upon a Text dilated to the Latitude of the Fift Commandement and is therfore grounded thereupon because 't was first intended for the Pulpit and should have beene concluded in one or two Sermons BVT IS EXTENDED SINCE to a larger Tract AND WRITTEN CHIEFELY in confutation of all disobedient and factious kinde of People who are enemies both to the Church and State By JOHN SVVAN Greg. mag lib. 7. Indict 2. Epist 78. In causa in qua Deo placere cupio homines non formido LONDON Printed by I.D. for Iohn Williams at the Signe of the Crane in St. Pauls Church-yard 1640. TO ALL SVCH FAMOVS WORTHIES as are both able and zealous Patrons of the Church and State and of such as endeavour the good thereof Grace Mercie and Peace be multiplied from God our Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ Right worthie of Renowne THIS is a Piece which craves your Patronage It containes nothing but what is just and honest and yet is like enough to meet with such as shall oppose it For I both know and finde it true by experience that hee who sides not with the humours of the common multitude incurres the odium of not a few And indeed my comfort is 't was alwaies so Obsequium amicos veritas odium parit That great Apostle could have said as much Galae 4.15.16 for whereas he remembers the good will that the Galatians once bore towards him he findes the case quite altered and is now become their enemie because he telleth them what is truth Not that he ever taught them other but because hee presseth the more earnestly where he fears or findes their reluctation They had as well appeareth a minde to go astray and he not yeelding to them but directing otherwise is slighted for his labour But if it be good as he also speaketh to be zealously affected alwaies in a good thing 't is fit that men submit and learne with patience till they come to the knowledge of what is good otherwise their zeale cannot but be preposterous and violent passions take place of true and righteous informations This is that which I only ayme at a rectifying of such as walke amisse and if herein my poore endeavours may but finde a curteous acceptation I account my paines as much as nothing being alwaies willing to promote what I can the happie prosperitie both of the Church and State When therefore this Booke which I now send abroad shall be so happie as to kisse any of your hands be pleased to shelter it under the zealous wings of your favourable protection And so praying God to blesse you alwaies I rest devoted to do you the best service that I can Iohn Swan TO THE CHRISTIAN and courteous Reader WElcome prosperitie knowes not how to advance her stately Standard in any such society which by means of faction and want of unitie is miserably dis-joynted For let the bodie be without ligaments and it cannot stand the joynts that should helpe to uphold it will be quickly broken and so fatall ruine steps on too fast and proclaimes that mischiefe which for the want of concord followes as an effect of such a want In consideration whereof my unfeigned wishes and good desires have put me forward to cast in one poore Mite among others who are not onely joyfull and glad to see but willing also to advance the desired beautie and happie prosperitie both of the Church and State whose mutuall dependance is such that the welfare of the one is the prosperitie of the other both helping to uphold the good of one another Whereto is pertinent that famous speech of Gulielmus Occam to Lewis the fift Domine Imperator defende me gladio ego te defendam calamo Protect thou me with thy sword Lord Emperor and I will defend thee with my Pen. And indeed 't was right For as Moses and Aaron were sent together and as the Priests of old were employed even inbidding battell to the enemie and inquirie not seldome made at the mouth of the Prophets concerning affairs of the like nature So should still the Church and State be truly united each to other and be mutuall upholders one of another Turbulent dispositions wish well I feare to neither for with them the troubled waters are the sweeetest streames and to kindle the fire of contentiou their highest ayme But farre be it from any sonne of Peace to have either his heart tongue or penne defiled with the filth of such proceedings Rather let it be the care of us all not onely to marke them who cause divisions and avoyd them as St. Paul directeth Rom. 16.17 but to oppose what we can the disobedient disturbers of this our Israel For if Saint Peter were resisted when he tooke a wrong course to knit well together the Jewes Gala. 2.11.12.13 and the Gentiles then let not others thinke it strange that in a way which is unwarrantable they meete with such as shall oppose them As for my sefe I know both mine owne strength and mine owne wants It is little I confesse that I am able to doe but am not therefore discouraged to doe what I can Saint Austine did as much or more in the Churches quarrell as any Father of them all and yet Saint Hierome was a better Linguist There be diver sitie of gifts 1 Cor. 12. sayth the Apostle but they proceed all from one Spirit and are given also for one end namely for the edification or good of one another Reade therefore and judge impartially let by-respect be set aside For though it oftentimes prevailes so farre with no few Readers that according as they either valew or dis-esteeme the Author they receive or slight his writings yet 't is a fault and faults we know must bee amended otherwise the worst must needes be theirs who march unmindfull of their reckoning Whereunto let me adde that which is also common namely That be a mans intentions never so sincere yet if the subject of his discourse be not agreeable to the ignorant fancies of every resolved and selfe-will'd opposite his bookes shall be either not read at all or look't upon with a scornefull and supercilious eye the lash of censure not being wanting where a prejudicate opinion bears the sway And this I may the rather mention because among such as these I have somewhat felt in my former booke the truth hereof Yea and have beene blamed also even for the very Title that I put unto it that is to say for giving it the name of Profano-Mastix Which howsoever distasted cannot be so impertinent as some imagine For rudenesse and irreverence savours too much of prophanation which takes I dare say firme hold of them who obstinately refuse to worshippe God in the beautie of holinesse notwithstanding there be manifest proofes for such a practice And for their sakes it is that I chiefely prefixed so smart a