muche lyinge vppon the brest pepper anger all fyred meates and all thynge rosted lechery muche wakynge to muche rest muche drynke muche thyrst much runnynge smoke of ensence olde chese heate or colde all thynges that byn soure is nought for the throte ¶ good for the harte ¶ saffron borage laughynge ioye muske cloues galynggale nutmygges the red rose the vyolet suger maces before all other thynges ¶ euyll for the harte ¶ beanes peson lekes garlyke onions heuenesse anger drede to much busynes trauayle to drinke colde water after laboure euyll tydynges ¶ good for the stomake ¶ red myntes red roses commyn suger sage wormewod calamyte to vomet euery quarter once great hunger euery daye to stande after meate and ofte wakynge after meles euery colde thynge galyngale nutmygges vyneger peper mesurable slepe ¶ euyll for the stomake ¶ all sweete thynges for they make the hom ake to swell nuttes olde chese mylke hony mary of bones that be not wel so den to eate or thou be an hungred to eat many sortes of meates at one sitting to drinke or thou be a thirste to eate breade that is not wel baken and al rawe fleshe stynken heuynes and drede thought ouer great trauayle stowpynge fallynge al fryde meates to much bathynge after meate to much castynge eate when thou art ouer hotte eyther of feuer or trauayle all mylke of beastes is euyl saue of gotes ¶ for ache of the wombe ¶ take fansy rewe and sothernewod and eate it with salte fâ—stynge wheÌ„ thou arte afret and it wil do it away ¶ for to restore the lyuer ¶ take a quantite of wilde tansey and stampe it and drinke it with wyne or ale .ix. dayes or more and he shal amende ¶ for fatnesse about a mans harte take the iuyce of fenell and hony and sethe them bothe together til that it be harde and eate it at euen and morne and it shal auoyde soone ¶ for hardenes of the wombe ¶ take two sponefull of the iuyce of yuy leaues drinke therof thre tymes on the day and thou shalt be hole ¶ for winde in the stomake ¶ take commin and bete it to pouder and mingle it with redde wyne and drinke it last at nyght three dayes and he shal be hole ¶ for the dropsy ¶ take thycke wede clythâ—rs ale and otemele and make potage therwyth vse it ix dayes and euery day freshe and he shal be hole ¶ a good drinke for the pestylence ¶ for the pestylence take and washe cleene a lyllyrote and boyle it in whyte wyne tyll the one halfe he wasted and then gyue it the sâ—eâ—e to drinke and he shall breke out full of bladders as he were brent or scalded with hotte water then they wyll dry and the person waxe hole ¶ here after foloweth the iiii elementes and the foure complexions of man and howe and in what time they raygne in man cap. xxix ayre fyre earth and water the xxiiii houres of the daye the nyght ruleth sanguine colerike melancolike flumatike sixe houres after mydnight bludde hath the maistry in the vi houres aforenoone coller raigneth and vi houres afternoone raigneth melancoly and vi houres afore midnyght raigneth the flumatike ¶ thus endeth the iiii elementes and the foure complexions of man ¶ here foloweth the gouernance of health ca. xxx vuho wyll be hole kepe hymself fro sickenes and rysest the stroke of pestylence let hym be glad and voyde all heuynesse flee wycked ayres eschewe the presence of infecte places causynge the vyolence drynkinge good wynes of holsoÌ„ meatestake smell swete thynges and for thy defence walke in cleane ayre and eschewe the mystys blacke ¶ with voyde stomackeâ— outwarde the not dresse rysynge vp early with fyre haue sustence delyte in gardbas for the great swetenesse to be well cladde do thy deligence kepe well thy selfe from inconuenience in stewes ne bathes no seiourne thou make openynge of the pores this doth great offence walke in cleane ayre and eschew the mystes blacke ¶ eate no rawe fleshe for no gredynes and from fruyte kepe thyne abstynence pullettes and chyckyns for theyr tendernesse eate thou with sauce spare for none expence uergious vineger and the influence of holsome spicies i dare vndertake the morowe flepe called golden in sentence great helpeth ageynst the mystes blacke ¶ for health of body couer fro colde they heade eate no rawe meates take good hede her to drynke holsome wyne fede thee on lyght breade with an appetyte ryse from thy meate also with women aged fleshely haue not to do upon thy slepe drynke not of the cuppe glad towarde bedde at morowe bothe two and vse neuer late for to suppe ¶ and yf it so be that leches to thee fayle then take good hede to vse thynges threâ— temporate dyete temporate trauayle not malicyous for none aduersitie meke in trouble glad in pouertie ryche with lyttle content wyth suffysaunce xiiii xxiiii xiiii xvn xxi xxv neuer grudgynge mery lyke thy degree if physycke lacke make this thy gouernaunce ¶ to euery tale sone gyue thou no credence be not to hasty ne so daynely vengeable to poore folke do thou no vyolence curteyse of language of fedynge mesurable on sundry meate not gredy at the table in fedynge gentle prudent in dalyaunce close of tounge of worde not deceyuable to say the best set alway they pleasaunce ¶ haue in hate monthes that byn double suffre at thy table no detraction haue despyte of fok that make trouble of false rauenoures and adulation within thy place suffre no deuysion with thy householde it shall cause encrease of al welfare prosperitie and â—oyson with thy neyghboures lyue in rest and peace ¶ be clenly cladde after thy estaty passe not thy bondes kepe thy promesse blyue with three folke be not at debate fyrst with thy better beware for to sâ—ryue ageynst thy felowe no querell to contryue with thy subiecte to stryue it were shame wherfore i councell pursure all thy lyfe to lyue in peace and get thee a good name ¶ fyre at morowe and towarde bed at eue agaynst mystes blacke and ayre of pestylence betyme at serâ—is thou shalt the better cheue fyrst at thy rysyâ—ge to do god reuereâ—ce uysyte the poore with entyer dylygence on all nedy haue compassion and god shall sende grace and influence thee tho encrease and thy possession ¶ suffre no surfytes in thy house at nyght ware of suppers and great excesse of noddynge heades and candellyght i viii xiiii of sâ—outh at morowe and flombrynge idlenesse which of all vyces is chiefe proteresse uoyde all dronckenesse lyeres and lechoures of all vnthryfty exyle the maystresse that is to say dyce playes and hasardoures ¶ after meate beware make not to longe slepe heade foote and stomake preserue aye from colde be not to pensyfe of thought take no kepe after thy rent gouerne thy houshoulde suffre in tyme in thy ryght beholde swere none other no man to begyle in youth be lusty and sad
when thou art olde no wordely ioye lasteth but a whyle ¶ dyne not at morowe before thyne appetyte clere ayre and walkinge maketh good dygestion betwene meles drynke not for no farwarde delyte but thyrst or trauayle gyue the occasion ouer salt meate doth great oppression th feble stomakes when they can not refrayne fro thynge contrary to theyr complexion of gredy handes the stomake hath greate peyne ¶ thus in two thynges standeth all thy welth of soule and body who lyft them sue moderate fode gyueth to man his health and all surfettes then he doth eschewe and charitie to soule is dewe this receyte bought is of no potycary of mayster anthony ne of mayster hewe to all indifferent ryches dyetary ¶ nescio quo ceto lenta papauere dormit mens que creatorem nescit iniqua suum en iterum toto lingua crucifigitur orbe en iterum patitur dira flagella deus factorem factura suum stimulante tyrannâ— delictis factis desetit orba fuis inde fames venit inde discordia regum inde cananeis predatibusque sumus inde premit gladius carnalis spiritualem et vice versa spiritualis cum hinc fubito atropos predatrix occupatartus nec sinit vt dolcat penite atque miser iure vides igitur quam recta ligamina nectit immundus mundus hec duo verbo simul ¶ thus endeth the physycke and regement of health of shepardes and foloweth theyr astrology capitulo .xxxi. celum celi domine terram autem dedit filius hominum non mortui laudabunt te domineâ—neque omnes qui descendunt in infernum sed nos qui viâ—imus benediximus domino quoniam videbimus celos tuosopera digitorum tuorum lunam stellas que tu fundastâ—â— quia subiecisti omnia sub pedibus nostris 〈◊〉 boues vniuersas in super pecora campi voluâ—â— cres celi pisces maris qui perambulane semitas maris domine dominus noster quam admirabiâ—â— est nomen tuuâ— in vniuersa terra who that wyll as shepardes that kepeth shepe in the fyeldes without knowynge any letter saue onely by some fygures that they make in lyttle tables of wodde haue knowledge of the mouynges and proprfeties of the heauens and dyuers other thynges conteyned in this presente composte and kalender of shepardes the which is extracte and composed out of theyr kalenders and put in letter so that eche maye compryse and knowe as they the thinges aboue sayde fyrste one ought to knowe what the figure is the disposition of the world the nombre ordre of the elementes and the mouinges of the skies aperteyneth to be knowen of euery man of free condicion and noble engin for it is a fayre thinge delectable profitable and honest and therwith it is necessary to haue diuers other knowleges in especiall for the astrology of shepardes whiche sheweth how the worlde is rounde as a ball and after wyse men say there is nothing so round as it for it is rounder then any thinge artyfycyall and more ouer in this worlde we se nothinge ne neuer shal that is so iusâ—e egally rounde as it selfe is and is composed of the heauen and the foure elementes in v. principal parties after that a person ought to knowe that the earth is in the myddes of the worlde for it is the heuyest element upon the earth is the water or the sea but it couereth not al the earth to th ende that men and beastes may lyue therin the partie that is vncouered is called the face of the earth for it is as the face of man alwayes vncouered and the parte that is couered with water is as the body of man that is clothed hidde on the water is the ayre that encloseth the earth and the water and is deuyded in three regions one is lowe where as en habiteth beastes byrdes an other meane where as bin the cloudes the whiche make the impressions as lightninghes thonders and other is alway colde the thirde is the hyeste where as is neyther winde ne rayne nor tempest nor other impression ther be some mountaines that atteyneth vnto it as is olimpus that recheth the hyest region of the ayre and the element of fyre mounteth vnto the skie the elementes susteyneth the skies as the pyllers or beames susteyneth a house of such mountaynes is one in affryke named athlas after that is the element of fyre that is neyther â—â—ambe ne coles but is pure inuisible for the great bryghtenes for of so much as the water is more clere lyght then the earth the ayre more clere light then the water of so muche the fyre is more clere lyght and fayrer then the ayre and the skies in equypoâ—ent bin clerer lyghter fayrer then the fyre the which tourneth with the moâ—inges of the heauens and the next region of the ayre also in the which is engendred câ—nâ—câ—â—s that bin called sterres for that they bin shyninge moueth as the sterres after the sayinge of some shephardes the fyre is inuysible for his subtilitie and not for his clerenes for of as much as a thing is more cler of â—o much it is the more vysible for we se the skies wel but not the fyre for it is ouer much more subtyl then the ayre that is inuisible for the same cause the earth and the water bin thycke and therfore they bin vysyble the skies byn neyther properley heauy ne lyght harde ne softe clere ne darke hotte ne colde swete ne soure colour ne sowne ne such other qualities saue that they bin hot in vertue for they may cause heate here deâ—ethe by theyr lightes mouynges and influeuces byn improprely harde for they maye not be denyded ne broken and also they byn improprely colours of lyghte in some parties and byn thycke as bin the parties of the sterres in the which there maye no starre ne other partie be adusted and put to nor none maye be demynyshed ne taken away and they may neyther encrease ne ware lesse or be of other fygure then rounde ne they may not chaunge enpayre ne waxe olde ne be corrumped ne altered but in lyght onely as in tyme of the eclyps of the son and moone ne they may not rest and stande styll ne tourne any otherwyse later ne sooner in partye ne in all ne behaue them otherwise then after their common courseâ— but by miracle diuine and therfore the sterres and skies byn of another nature then the elementes and the thinges of them composed the whiche byn transmutable and corruptable the elementes and all thinges of them composed bin enclosed within the fyrst skie as the yolke of an egge is enclosed wythin the whyte and the fyrst skie is enclosed of the seconde and the seconde in the thyrde and the thirde in the fourth so of the other the first sky nexte the elementes is the skie of the mone next is the skie of mercury and nexte it the skie of uenus then is the skie of the
be euill by vertue and strength of vnderstandinge we ought to eschewe and auoyde it as to the effecte and to with stande the sayd euill inclinations shepardes vse this science none otherwise the prudent vertuous and wise man may be of all other as touchinge their maners otherwise then theyr sygnes demonstreth and sheweth in their reigne thus the things demonstred as to vice is not in a wise man though the signe be so as an alestake or a signe is sometime hanged afore a house in the which often times is none ale for howe be it that a man by his wisedom and vnderstanding folow not the euil influences of the celestiall bodyes that be vpon him yet he corrupteth not the signes and demonstracions of the sayde influences but those signes naturally haue signory and domination on them in the which they be for to haue naturally that which they signifie though that a man haue them or not wherfore shepardes say that the most part of men and women folow their natural inclinations to vice or vertue for that the most part of them be not wise and prudent as they ought to be and they vse no vertue of their owne mindes but ensueth their sensualitie and by this the celestiall influence of the which is shewed by signes exteriors and of such signes is the sayde science of phyzonomy for the which it behoueth firste to knowe that the time is deuided in four parts as it hath ben said afore that is to wit primetime sommer haruest and wynter that he compared to the four elements prime time to the ayre sommer to the fyre haruest to the earth and winter to the water of the which foure elements euery man and woman is formed and made and without the which none may liue the fyre is hot and dry the ayre is hot and moyst the water is moyste and colde the earth is cold and dry also they say that the person on whom the fire domineth is colerike of complexion that is to say hot and dry he on whom the ayre domineth is sanguine of complexion that is to say hot and moyst he on whom the water domineth is flumatike of complexion that is to say moyst and colde he on whom the earth domineth is melancolike of complexion that is to say colde and dry the which complexions they knowledge and discerne the one fro the other by signes that be sayde hereafter of the foure complexions cap. xli the colerike hath nature of fyre hot and dry naturally is lene and sclender couetouse yrefull hasty brainlesse folish malicious deceitful and subtil where he applyeth his wit. he hath wine of the lion that is to saye when he is dronken he chydeth feighteth and commonly he loueth to be cladde in blacke russet and gray the sanguine hath nature of ayre hote and moyst he is large plenteous attempred amiable habundant in nature mery singing laughing lyking ruddy and gracious he hath his wine of the ape the more he drinketh the merier he is and draweth to women and naturally loueth hye coloured cloth the flumatike hath nature of water colde and moyste he is heauy slowe sleepy ingenious commonly he spitteth when he is moued and hath his wine of the shepe for when he is dronken he accounteth him selfe wysest and he loueth most greene coloure the melancoly hath nature of earth colde and dry he is heauy couetous a backbyter malicious and slowe his wine is of the hog for when he is dronken he desireth slepe and to lye downe and he loueth cloth of blacke colour the iudgements of mans body cap. xlii to come to oute purpose of speaking of visyble sygnes we will begyn to speake at the sygnes of the head first we aduertise that one ought to beware of all persons that hath defaute of members naturally as of sote handâ— eye or other member and though he be but a creple and specially of a man that hath no berde for such be enclyned to diuers byces and euyls one ought to eschewe his company as his mortall enemy also shepards say that much and playne haire sign â—â—teth a person piteous and debonayre they that haue red haire byn commonly yreful and lacke wyt and ben of litle truth blacke haire good visage and good coloure sygnifyeth very loue of iustyce hard haire signifieth that the person loueth peace and concord and is of good and subtill wit. a man that hath blacke haire and a red berde signifiâ—th to be lecherous disloyallâ— a vaunter and one ought not to trust in him the yelowe haire and crispe signifieth man laughing mery lecherous deceitfull blacke haire and crispe signifieth melancoly lechery euil thought very large hanging haire signifieth wit with malyce great plenty of haire in a woman sygnifieth boistousnes couetise a person with great eyes is slouthfull vnshame ful inobedient and weneth to know more then he doth but when the eyen be meane not to bygge nor to small and that they be not to blacke nor to greene such a man is of great vnderstanding curteyse faithfull trusty a person that is blere eyed goggeled and squint signifieth malice vengance cautel and treason they which haue great wyde eyen and hath long haire on their browes and eye lyddes signifieth folisâ—enes hatde of vnderstanding and robust wyt and be euill by nature the persons whych haue their eyen mouinge fast from one syde to another and haue their sight sharpe and quicke signifieth fraude and theft and is of litle trust the â—â—en that ben blacke clere and shyning ben the best and the most certayne and signifyeth wyt and dyscretion and such a person is worthy to be loued for he is full of trueth and of good condycions the eyen that ben ardaunt and sparkelynge sygnifyeth stronge harte force and puissaunce the eyen that â—en whytysh and fleshely sygnifyeth a person enclyned to vyce lechery and full of fraude shepardes saye that when a person beholdeth often as abasheâ—d shamefaste and fearefull and that in beholdinge it seemeth that he sighetâ—h and he hath small droppes appearing in his eyen then it is for certayn that such persons loueth and desireth the welth of them that they beholde but when any looketh in castinge hys eyen asyde as by wantonnesse such persons â—en disceytfull and purchaseth to greue him and suche persons wyll dyshonoure women and they ought to be taken heede of for such lookes ben false lecherous and deceauable they that haue small grayeshe eyen and sharpe signifyeth a person melancholious hardy an euyll speaker and cruell and if a lyttle veyne appeare betweene the eyen and the nose of a wencheâ— they say that it signifyeth virginitie and in a man subtilitie of vnderstandinge and if it appeare great and blacke it signifyeth corruption heate and melancholy in woman and in man rudeâ—â—sse and defaute of wytte but that veyne apeareth not alwayes but the eyen that ben yelowe and haue no hayre on the browes sygnifyeth myselry and euyll dysposition of body great haires and
the line vnder .xvi. serueth all the sayd yere and when we haue .xvii. the lyne vnder .xvii. shall serue to the yeare that .xvii. is for the golden numbre and so forth of the other vt celum signis presurgens est duodenis sichominis corpus assimulatur eis nam caput et facies aries sibi gaudit habere gutturus et collâ—ius tibi taure detur brachia cum manibus geminis sunt apta decentur naturam cancâ—i pectoris aula gerit at leo vult stomacum renis sibi vendicat idem sed in testinis uirgo preesse petit ambas libra nates ambes sibi vendicat hancas scorpio vult anum vultque pudanda sibi inde sagittarius is coxis vult dommari amborum genum vim capricornus habet regnat in aquario crurtum vis apta decentur piscibus et demum congrua planta pedum saturnus niger iupiter â—iridis mars rebeus est sol croteus uenus albus marcurius et luna varti sunt dum quisquis regnat nascitur puer sic coloratus the declaration of the latine here aboue that is to saye that the .xii. signes hath domination ouer the body of man deuided by the partes as the signes deuideth the firmament and euery signe beholdeth and gouerneth the partes of the body so as it is sayde aboue and afterwarde shal be shewed by fygures and is declared more plainly and faithfully such like of planets is sayd of their coloures but of their natures and properties of the partes of the bodyes the which gouerneth and beholdeth more at full shall ye heare at length also of the .xii. monthes natures march aprill and may are very hote and moyst that signifyeth blud and ayre iune iuly and august is sommer and signifyeth hot and dry choler manhode and feare september october and nouember is haruest and betokeneth colde and dry and age melancoly and earth december ianuary and february is winter and betokeneth colde and moyst childehode fleume and water called i am iauyuere the colde in christmas season good fyre i loue yonge iesu that sometime iudas solde in me was circumcised for mans behoue three kinges sought the sonne of god aboue they kneeled downe and hyd him homage with loue to god their lorde that is mans owne brother ¶ hereafter foloweth a kalender with the fygures of euery saynt that is halowed in the yere in the which is the figures the houres the momentes and the newe moones capitulo .iii. in iano claris calidisque cibis potiaris atque decens potut post fercula â—it tibi notus ledit enim medo tunc potatus vt bene credo balnea tucius intres venam scindere â—ures       a iiii ix b iii xvii octaua sancti stephani b v vii c   octaua saniti bohannis c   d   octaua sanctorum inno. d â— ii e vii lvii octa. sancti thome mar e   f    f iiii xii g   felicis et ianua g    ix xvii sancti lucâ—ani h  xxxvii b   sancti iudiii i  iiii c viii xlii pauli primi heremite k vi xiii d iiii xvi lini epis l   e   archadii martiris m viii vi f o xxxv sancti hilarii n   g   felicis presbyteris o v xxxiiii  i viii sancti mauri abbatis p   b viii ii sancti marcelli epis q   c   sulpitii episcopi r xi xli d o xvi sancte pisce virginis s ix xlii e   hulstani episcopi s v xi f   fabiani et sebastiani t   g v li sancte agnetis v o xxxiii    uincentii martiris v   b iiii xiii sanci emerenciani x   c   sancti timothei y   d    z ii xvii e   policarpii episcopi   f vi xlv iuliani episcopi â— Â xxi g   agnetis secundo a  xx    ualerii epis et mar b vi xxxv b vi xxviii batilde virginis c   c   saturnini uictoris d i vi xv xiiii xvii xxi xxv nascitur occulta sebris februario multa potibus et escis si caute vivere velis tuuc caue frigorem de pollice â—unde cruorem fuge mellis fauum pectoris qui morbos curabit   d   brigidi et ignacii e o vi e viii xxxi â—urificatio beate marie f   f   sancti blasii episcopi g   g  xxv sancti gilberti epis h     xxvi sancti agathe vir i iii lviii b   uedasti et amandi k o iiii c x lv sancti anguli vir l vi lix d vii liiii pauli episcopi m   e   sancte appollonie vir n   f    o   g i liiii eufrasie virginis p      sancti eulalie q   b vii xxxv sancti wulfranni r   c   sancti ualentini epis s xiii lv d ii xxvi faustiniet ioniti s o xxxiii e   iuliane virginis t vii xli f o xxxiii policronii epis et mar v   g viii xxxix simeonis epis et mar u    xv xxxi sabim et iuliani mar x   b iiii lix mildrede virginis y   c   sanctorum lxix z   d   cathedra sanctl petri   e   policarpi ê° Â Â f vii i  a   g   inuentio sancti pauli b i xlii    sancti nestori mar c o ix b viii liii sancti augustini d   c   oswaldi episcopi con e it is to be noted that the golden numbres sheweth the dayes houres and minutes of the newe moones the red nombres for the fore noone and the blacke for the after noone on the same dayes that the nombres demonsireth ii iii xiiii xii xxii xxiiii martius humores gignit variosque dolores sume cibum pure cocturas si placet vre balnea sunt saâ—a sâ—d que supeâ—stua vana vena nec addendaâ—nec potio sit tribuenda viii xxxvii d   sancti dauid epis f   e o l sancti cedde episcopi g   f i xlâ—i martini et asteri h   g   sancti adriani mar i x lviii    foce eusebii perpetue k   b   uictoris et uictorini l  ix c o xii perpetuâ— et felici m ix xix d ix lvi depositio sancti felicis n   e   quadraginta mar o   f   sancte agapite vir p o xli g ii xlvi equinoc q      sancti gregorii epis r vi xlv b   theodore marti â— Â Â c    s li xii d i xxxiiii sancti longini mar s i xlii e xviii xxxâ—ii bonifacii epis t ix xxxv f x xxxiii patricii episcopi v   g   edwardi regis u  Â
benefytes ueritie is that by the which any sayinges or doings be recited or shewed by approuable reason without to adiust dimynishe or to make it any otherwise then it is of force force or for to haue a sure and stedfaste courage amonge the aduersities of labours and perils that may happen to come or in to the which a person may fal and the branches be these magâ—ificence confidence tollerance rest stablenesse perseuerance and reason magnificence is a ioyous clerenesse of courage administringe thinges laudable and magnificenciall that is to say hye or great confidence is to arest and hold strongly his thought and his courage by vnmouable constance among such things as be aduers aud contrary tollerance is cotidianly or daily suffring and bearing the strange improbites and molestees that is to say persecutions obâ—robries and iniuries that other folke doth reste is a vertue by the which a likernesse is geuen vnto the thought of contempment of the vnstablenesse of transitory things and worldly vanities stablenesse is for to haue the thought or courage stedfast and sure without castinge it on diuers things by any varying or changing of time or places perseuerance is a vertue that establisheth and confirmeth the courage by a perfection of vertues that is in a man and be perfite by force of longanimitie reason is a vertue by the which a man commaundeth to do such thinges as be conceyled and delyuered for to come to the ende whych a man knoweth to be good and vtyle to be done and had here endeth the floure of vertues and how they be named and signifyed in the tree figured howe shepardes by calculation and speculation knowe the .xii. signes in their course reygning and domining on the .xii. partes of mans body and which be good for letting of blud and which be indifferent or euill for the same capitulo .xxii. some shipardes say that a man is a little worlde by hym selfe for the lykenesses and similytudes that he hath of the great worlde whych is the aggregation of the nyne skyes foure elementsâ— and all thinges in them conteyned first a man hath such a likenesse in the first mobile that is the soueraigne skye and principall partes of the great world for like as in his first mobyle the zodiake is deuided in .xii. parts by the .xii. signes so man is deuided in .xii. parts holdeth of the signes euery parte of his signe as this figure sheweth the signes be these aries taurus gemini cancer leo uirgo libra scorpio sagittarius capricornus aquarius and pisces of the which three be of the nature of the fyre that is aries leo and sagittarius and three of the nature of the ayre gemini libra and aquariâ—s and three of the nature of water cancer scorpio and pisces and three of the nature of earth taurus uirgoâ— and capricornus the first that is aries gouerneth the head and the face of man taurus the necke and the throte boll gemini the shoulders the armes and handes cancer the brest sydes mylte and lightes leo the stomake the hart and the backe uirgo the belly and the entrayles libra the nauill the graynes and the parts vnder the branches scorpio the priuie parties the genytailes the bladder and the foundement sagittarius the thighes only capricoruus the knees only also aquarius the legges and from the knees to the heeles and ancles and pisces hath the feete in his dominion a man ought not to make incision ne touch with yron the member gouerned of any signe the day that the moone is in it for feare of the greate effusion of blud that mighte happen ne in likewyse also when the sunne is in it for the daunger and perill that might ensue hereafter foloweth the nature of the .xii. sygnes aries is good for bludde lettinge when the moone is in it saue in the part that it domineth aryes hot and dry nature of fyre and gouerneth the heade and the face of man good for bleeding when the moone is in it taurus is euill for bleeding taurus is dry and colde nature of the earth and gouerneth the necke and the knoâ— vnder the throte and is euill for bleeding gemini is euill for bleeding gemini is hot and moyste nature of ayre and gouerneth the shoulders the armes and the two handes and is euill for bleeding cancer is indifferent for bleeding cancer is colde and moyst nature of water and gouerneth the brest the stomake and the mylte and indifferent that is to saye neyther to good ne to bad for letting of blud leo is euill for bleeding leo is hot and drye nature of fier and gouerneth the backe and the sydes and is euill for bleeding uirgo is indifferent for bleeding uirgo is colde and dry nature of earth and gouerneth the wombe and inward partes and is not good ne very euill for bleeding libra is right good for bleeding libra is hot and moyst nature of ayre and gouerneth the nauill the reynes and the low partes of the wombe and is good for bleeding scorpius is indifferent for bleeding scorpius is colde and moyst nature of water and gouerneth the members of man and is neyther good ne bad for bleeding sagittarius is good for bleeding sagittarius is hot and dry nature of fier and gouerneth the thighes and is good for bleeding capricornus is euill for bleeding capricornus is colde and dry nature of earth and gouerneth the knees and is euill for bleeding aquarius is indifferent for bleeding aquarius is hot and moyst nature of ayre and gouerneth the legges and is neyther good ne euill for bleeding pisces is indifferent for bleeding pisces is colde and moyste nature of water and gouerneth the feete and is neyther good ne bad for bleeding aries libra and sagittarius be right good cancer uirgo scorpio aquarius and pisces be indifferent taurus gemini leo and capricornus be euill for bleeding a picture of the phisnomy of mans body and sheweth in what partes the .vii. planets hath domination in man cap. xxxiiii we may know by this figure the bones and ioynts of all the parties of the body as wel within as without of the head necke shoulders armes handes sydes brest backe haunches thighes knees legges and of the feete the which bones shal be named and numbred hereafter and it is called the figure anothomy by this figure one may vnderstand the parties of mans body ouer the which the planets hath might and domination to kepe them from touching any iron ne to make incision of bludde in the veynes that procede in the time while that the planet of the saide partie is conioyned with any other planet maneuolent without hauing regarde of some good planette that might encombre and let his euill course ¶ the names of the bones in a mans body and the number of them which is mall two hundred eyght and forty capitulo xiiii first on the sommet of the head is a bone that couereth the braine the which shepards call the capitall bone
iuly and august the shepardes in soÌ„mer bin clothed with lyghte gownes syngle their shyrtes shetes that they lye in bin lynnen for of al clothes it is the coldest thy haue dowblettes of sylke of sey or of canuas manerly made and they eate lyght meates as chekyns with vergyous yonge harts rabette lectuse purcelayne melons gourdes cocumbres peres plommes suche fyshe as are named afore and also they eate of meates that refresheth also they eate lyttle and often they breke theyr faste or dyne in the morninge or euer the sonne aryse aud go to supper or it discende they eate often of the aboue sayde meates and sourer for to gyue them an appetyte they eate but lyttle salte meates and refrayne them from scratching they drynke oft freshe water sodden with sugercandy and other refreshinge waters and they do it alwaye when they byn thyrsly saue onely at dinner and supper tyme and then they drinke feble grene â—yne or single beare or small ale also they keepe them from ouer great trauell or ouer forsing them solfe for in this tyme is nothinge more greuous then chafynge in this season they eschewe the company of women and they bathe them oft in colde water to asswage the heate of theyr bodyes enforced by laboures alway they haue with them sugercaâ—dy or other suger and dredge wherof they take lyttle and often and eche daie in the morninge they force them bi coughinge and spittinge to voide fleumes and voide them aboue and belowe the beste that thei maie and washe their handes with freshe water their mouth and vysage ¶ the regement for haruest september october and nouember in haruest shepardes byn clothed after the maner of prymetyme saue their clothes byn a little warmer in this time they do dylygence to purge and clense them and lettinge them blud to tempre the humours of theyr bodyes for it is the most contagyous tyme of the yeare in the which perillous infirmities happeneth and commethe and therfore thee eate good and holsome meates as caponnes hennes yonge pygeon that beginne to flye and drinketh good wynes other good drynkes without makinge excesse in this time they kepe them frome eating of fruites for it is a daungerous season for agnes they say that he had neuer ague that neuer eate fruite in this tyme they drinke no water and they put no parte of them in colde water but their handes their face they kepe their heades fro colde in the nyght and morning slepe not in the none time kepe them from ouer great traueyle endure not to much hunger ne thyrft but eat when it is tyme and not when their mawes be full ¶ the regyment for winter time december ianuary and february the shepardes in wynter byn clothed in thycke gownes of rough clothe hye shorne well furred with foxe for it is the warinesse furryng that is and cattes conyes lambes and dyuers other thycke furres that be good and holsome in the tyme of wynter shepardes do eate befe porke and brawne of hartes hindes and all maner of venyson pertryches fesauntes hares fowles of the ryuer and other meates that they loue best for that is the season of the yeare that nature suffreth moste greate plentye of vyttayle for the naturall heate that is drawen within the bodye an this tyme also they drynke ofte stronge wynes after theyr coÌ„plexion bastard wyne or osey two or three tymes in the weke they vse good spyces in theyr meates for this is the most holsome tyme of all the yere in the which coÌ„meth no syckenesse but by greate excesse outrages done to nature or by euyll gouernement shepardes saye also that prymetyme is hotte moyst of the nature of ayre complexion of the sanguine that in the same time nature reioyseth the pores openeth the blud spredeth through the veynes more then another tyme sommer is hotte and dry of the nature of fyre and complexion of coleryke in the which tyme one ought to kepe him from all thinges that moueth to heate al excesse and hot meates haruest is colde and drye of the nature of earthe and complexion of melancoly in the which tyme one ought to kepe him from doynge excesse more then in other times for daunger of sykenesses to the which that tyme is dysposen but winter is colde and moyst of the nature of water and complexion of flumatyke then a man ought to kepe him warme and myanely for to lyue in health ¶ here it ought to be noted that a man is made and fourmed of the foure elementes of the which one hath domination alwayes aboue the other that maÌ„ on whom the fyre domineth is sayde coleryke that is to saye hot and drye he on whom the ayre hath domination is sayde sanguyne that is to saye hot and moyst he on whom the water hath domination is sayde colde moyst that is to say flumatike and he on whom the earth reygneth is sayde melancolyke that is to saye colde and drye of the whiche complexions shal be spoken in the begynnynge of the physonomy more largely ¶ a regement of shepardes of certeyne thynges good for the body of man and of other dyuers thinges apposyte to the same cap. xxviii ¶ god for the brayne ¶ to smell the sauour of muske and of quybyles of camamell to drinke wyne mesurably to eate sage not to much to couer thy heade of the washynge of thy handes and feete mesurably walkynge mesurably slepynge to here sweete noyses of minstralsy or syngynge to eate mustarde and peper to smel the red rose and washe thy temples with water of redde roses ¶ euyll for the brayne ¶ all maner brayne of beastes gluttony dronkennesse late supper to sleepe muche after meate corrupte ayre anger heuynesse to vncouer thy heate to eate softely to much heate to moch wakinge to much walkyng milke chese nuttes to eate or thou be an hungred bathynge after meate onyons garlike greate noyse to smell to a whyte rose and much steringe ¶ good for the eyen ¶ the red rose veruayne rewe fenell salendyne enfrage pympernell oculi christi to plunge thyne eyen in clere water oft to loke on greene coloure mesurable slepe to loke in a fayre glasse ofte to washe thy handes and feete make the stamake well defyed and to loke ofte one golde also ¶ euyll for the eyen ¶ powder garlyke onyons hunger lekes wakynge and wind hot ayre colde ayre dronkennesse gluttony mylke chese much beholdinge of bryght thynges aswell red as whyte mustarde anone to slepe after meate to muche slepynge to much wakinge to much lettynge of blud colde wortes smoke all thinge that is pepered lechery an hot fyre before the syght euyl bakeÌ„ brede duste to muche wepynge all this euyl for the eyen ¶ good for the throte ¶ hony suger butter with a lyttle salt lycoras to suppe softe egges isope meane maner of eatynge and drinkinge and sugercandy this is good for the throte ¶ euyll for the throte ¶ mustarde
him and this bleding ought to be done after the corpolence of the pacient m in the angles of the eyen be two vaynes the which be let bludde for the rednesse of the eyen or water that runneth continually and for dyuers other sicknesses that may happen and come by ouer great habundance of humours and bludde n in the veyne of the ende of the nose is made a bleding the which is good for a red pimpeled face as be red droppes pustules small skabbes and other infections of the hart that may come therin by the great replection and habundance of bludde and humours and it auaileth against popeled noses and other semblable sicknes o in the mouth in the gummes be foure veynes that is to wit two aboue and two beneath the which be let bâ—udde for the chafinge and canker in the mouth and for tooth ache p betwene the lyppe and the chynne is a veyne that is letten blud to geue amendement to them that haue an euill brest q in eche arme be foure veynes of the whych the veyne of the heade is the hyest the seconde next is from the hart the thirde is of the lyuer the fourth is from the mylte otherwise called the low liuer veyne r the veyne of the head taken in the arme ought to bleede for to take away the great replection and habundance of blud that may anoy the head the eien or the brayne and auayleth greatly for transmutable heates and swellings of the throte and to them that hath swollen faces and red and to dyuers other sicknesses that may fall by to great habundance of blud s the veyne of the mylte otherwyse called the lowe veyne shoulde bleede against all feuer tercians and quarteynes and it ought to be made a large and lesse deepe wounde then in any other veyne for feare of winde that it may gather and for more inconuenience for feare of a synewe that is vnder it that is called the lezarde t in eche hand be three veynes wherof that aboue the tombe ought to blede to take away the great heat of the visage and for the thick blud and humours that be in the heade this veyne euacueth more then that of the arme u betwene the lyttle fynger and the leche fynger is lettinge of bludde that auayleth greatly against all feuer tercians quartaines against flumes and dyuers other lettings that commeth to the pappes and to the mylte x in eche thighe is a veyne of the which the bleeding auayleth against the dolours and swellings of the genitours and for to auoyde and dryue out of a mans body humours that be in the graynes y the veyne that is vnder the ancle of the fote without named sciat of the which the bleeding is much worth against the paines of the haunches and for to make departe and issue diuers humours which would assemble in the sayd placeâ— and auayleth greatly to women for to restraine their menstruosity when they haue to great habundance ¶ thus endeth the anotomy and flubothomy of the humayne bodyes and howe one should vnderstande them here before we haue sayde of the regarde of planets vpon the parties of man and the deuision and number of the bones of mannes body and now foloweth to know when any man is hole or sycke or disposed in any wise to sicknesse wherefore three thinges ben by the which shepardes knowe when a man is hole or sycke or disposed to sicknesse if he be hole to maintaine and kepe him if he be sicke to serch remedy to heale him if he be disposed to sicknesse to kepe him that he fall not therin and for to know eche of the sayde three things the shepards put diuers signes health properly temperance accorde and equalitie of the iiii equalities of man which be hot colde dry and moyste the which when they be well tempered and equall that one surmounâ—e not the other then the body of man is hole but when they be vnequall and mistempred that one domineth ouer another then a man is sicke or disposed to sicknes and they be the qualities that the bodies boldeth of the elementes that they be made composed of that is to wyte of the fier heate of the water colde of the ayre moyst and of the earth dry the which qualities when one is disordered from the other then the body is sicke and if that one destroy the other of all then the body dieth and the soule departeth ¶ signes by the which shepards knowe a man hole and wel disposed in his body capitulo .xxv. the firste sygne whereby shepardes knowe a man to be hole and well disposed in his body is when he eateth and drinketh wel after the conuenaunce of the hunger and thirste that he hath wythout makinge excesse also when he digesteth lightly and when that that he hath eaten and dronken empesheth and greueth not his stomake also when he feleth good sauour and appetite in that he eateth and drinketh also when he is hungry and thirsty at the houres that he ought to eate and drinke also when he reioyseth hym wyth mery folke also when they playe gladly any playe of recreation wyth felowes of mery courage also when he playeth gladly in fieldes and woddes to take the sweete ayre and sporte in medowes by water sydes also when he eateth gladly with good appetite of butter cheese flawnes shepe mylte wythout leauyng any thynge in his dyshe to sende to the almes house and when he sleepeth well wythout rauynge dreamyng of his marchandyse also when he feleth him light and that he walketh well also when he sweateth soone and that neseth lyttle or nothyng also when he is neyther to fatte ne to leane also when he hath good coloure in his face and that hys wittes ben all well disposed for to do their operacion as his eyen for to see hys eares to heare his nose to smellâ— c. and thus we leaue of the conuenance of age the disposition of the body and also of the tyme 〈◊〉 other sygnes i saye nothinge but these be the most common and that ought to suffise for shepardes to know the signes of health signes opposyte to the precedentes by the which shepardes knowe when they or other ben sycke first when he may not well eate ne drinke or that they haue none appetite to eate at dinner supper or when he fyndeth no sauour in that he eateth or drinketh or that he is hungry and maye not eate when his dygestion is not good or that it be to longe also when hâ— goeth not to chamber moderately as he ought to do also when he is heauy and sad in ioyous companyes then syckenesse constreyneth a man to be thoughtfull semblably when he may not sleepe or take hys rest aright and at due houre also when his members ben heauy as his head his legges and his armes and also when he may not walke easely and lyghtly and that he sheweth not often and his coloure is pale or yelowe
or when hys wyttes as his eyen his eares the other do not kindly their operations in likewise when he may not labour and trauel also when he forgetteth lightly that which of necessitie ought to be kept in memory and when he spitteth often or when his nosethrilles aboundeth in superfluous humours and when he is negligent in his workes and when his flesh is blowen or swollen in the vysage in hys legges or his secte or when his eyen be holowe in his heade these ben the sygnes that sygnifyeth a man being in sickenesse and who that hath most of the foresayd signes most is sicke other maner of signes almost semblable to them aboue sayd and sheweth the replexion of euill humours for to be purged of them cap. xxvi replection of euillâ— humours and dysposition of syckenesse after the opinion of shepardes the whych replection is to knowe howe to pourge the sayde humoures that they engendre no sickenes byn broken by the signes that foloweth ¶ fyrst when a man hath ouer greate rednesse in the face in the handes or in the nayles hauynge also the veines full of bludde or blede to much at the nose or to often or to haue peyne in the forheade also when the eares soundeth when the eyen watereth or be ful of gumme haue the vnderstandinge troubled when the pouâ—â— beateth to faste when the belly iâ— longe resolute and laxe and when one hath the syght troubled and eatynge also without appetyte and all the other sygnes before sayd bin by the whiche one may know the body euyll dysposed and haue in it corrupte humoures superflous and euyll ¶ thus fynysheth of the sygnes by the which shepardes know when they byn ole and well dysposed and other sygnes opposyts by the whiche they knowe when they bin syck or euill disposed ¶ a deuision and regyme of tyme of the which shepardes vseth after that the season tyme requyreth cap xxvii for to remedy the syckenesses and infirmities that a man hath to kepe hym from theÌ„ that he doubteth to come shepardes say that the time naturally channgeth foure times in a yer so they deuyde the yere in foure quarters that is ver sommer haruest wynter and in eche of these quarters they gouerne them as the seasons requyreth to theyr myndes the better it is for them and as the â—eason chaungeth so chaunge they theyr maner of lyuynge doyng and say that chaungynge of tyme without takynge good hede ofteÌ„ engendreth infyrmitiesâ— for that in one tyme behoueth not to vse some meates that byn good â—n an other tyme as that vse in wynter is not all good in sommer and so of the other seasons ¶ and for to knowe the changynge of tyme after these sayd parties they consyder the course of the son dy the xii sygnes and saye that euery of the sayd iiiiâ— quarters and seasons dureth thre monethes and that the sonne passeth by three sygnes that is to wyte in primetyme by pisces aries and taurus and these be the monethes february marche and april that the earth and trees reioyseth and chargeth with grene leues and â—oures that is a pleasure to beholde in sommer by gemini caÌ„cer and leo and the monethes byn may iune and iuly that the fruites of the earth â—â—oweth and rypeth in haruest by uirgo libra and scorpio and the â—onethes byn august september and october that the earthe and trees dyschargeth fruites and leaues and that tyme eche felleth and gathereth the â—â—ites in wynter by sagittarius capricornus and aquarius and the moâ—ethes byn nouember december ianuary that the earth and trees ben as deade and vncloâ—hed of leues fruites and of all grenesse after the which â—â—ureâ— seasons shepardes deuiseth the tyme that man maye lyue in foure ages as youth strength age and decrypte ben likened to the foure seasons of the yere that is to wyt youth to pryme tyme that is hot moist as thâ— herbs trees of the earth groweth so doth man in youth vnto xxv yere growâ— of body in strength beautie and vigoure force is lykened vnto sommer hoâ— and dry and the body of man is in his force and vigoure and entrypeth vntoâ— xlv yere age is compared to the tyme of haruest colde and drye that man leâ—ueth of growinge febleth and thinketh how together and spare for feare oâ— defaute and nede wheâ— he commeth to stopwing age and dureth to .lvi. yereâ— decrepyte is likened to the season of winter colde humyde by habundancâ— of colde humours and defaute of naturall heate in the which time man spenâ—deth that which he had gathered and kept in the tyme passed and if he hauâ— spared nothing he abydeth poore and naked as the earth and trees and duâ—reth vnto .lxii. yeare or more primetyme is hot and moyste nature of ayreâ— and complexion of the sanguyne sommer is hot and drye nature of fyre and complexion of coieryke haruest is colde and drye nature of earth and comâ—plexion of the melancoly winter is colde and moyste nature of water comâ—plexion of the flumatyke when complexion is well proportioned it feeleth iâ— selfe better disposed in the tyme semblable to it then it doeth in other tymesâ— but for that euery man is not well complexioned they ought to do as shâ—â—pardes doth that is to take regyment to kepe them self after the seasons anâ— gouerneth them by theyr ensygnements and teachings the which they vseâ— euery quarter of the yeare for to lyue the longer wyselyer and merely the regyment for primetyme march april and may. in primetyme shepardes kepe them selues metely well clothed noâ— ouer colde ne ouer hot as with lynseywolsy doublettes of fustian anâ— gownes of a meetely length furred with lambe most commonly iâ— this tyme is good letting of blud to auoyde the euyll humours that were gaâ—thered in the body the wynter tyme if syckeuesse happen in prymetyme it iâ— not of his nature but procedeth of the humours gathered in the wynter pasâ—sed prymetyme is a temperate tyme to take medicines for them that bâ— corporate and full of thycke humours to purge them in this tyme theâ— ought for to eate lyght meates that refresheth as chekyns kyddes with veâ—â—gyous borage beetes yolkes of egges egges in moneshyne roches perchesâ— pykerelles and all scaled fysh drinke temperate wyne bere or ale so that they be not to stronge ne ouerswete for in this time all swete things ought not to be vsed and a man ought to sleepe long in the morning and not on the dayeâ— the shepardes haue a generall regle or costume for all seasons that auaiâ—leth much againste all infirmities and sickenesses that is not to less his apâ—petite for eating and neuer for to eate without hunger also they saye that alâ— maner of flesh and fyshe is better rosted then sodden and if they ben soden tâ— broyle them on a gredyron or on the coles and they byn the more holsommer ¶ the regement for the tyme of sommer iune